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  • Valeria Gómez Johanna García Vivian Méndez

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    Johanna Garcia
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    As global tariffs have decreased through trade negotiations, countries have increasingly focused on non-tariff measures like technical regulations and standards. While governments use these to achieve goals like health and safety, they can also restrict trade. The WTO Agreement on Technical Barriers to Trade and Agreement on Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures aim to ensure such measures do not create unnecessary obstacles to trade by requiring transparency, use of international standards, proportionality of measures, and acceptance of equivalent standards.

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    As global tariffs have decreased through trade negotiations, countries have increasingly focused on non-tariff measures like technical regulations and standards. While governments use these to achieve goals like health and safety, they can also restrict trade. The WTO Agreement on Technical Barriers to Trade and Agreement on Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures aim to ensure such measures do not create unnecessary obstacles to trade by requiring transparency, use of international standards, proportionality of measures, and acceptance of equivalent standards.

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    35 просмотров7 страниц

    Valeria Gómez Johanna García Vivian Méndez

    Загружено:

    Johanna Garcia
    As global tariffs have decreased through trade negotiations, countries have increasingly focused on non-tariff measures like technical regulations and standards. While governments use these to achieve goals like health and safety, they can also restrict trade. The WTO Agreement on Technical Barriers to Trade and Agreement on Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures aim to ensure such measures do not create unnecessary obstacles to trade by requiring transparency, use of international standards, proportionality of measures, and acceptance of equivalent standards.

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    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Скачайте в формате PPTX, PDF, TXT или читайте онлайн в Scribd
    Отметить как неприемлемый контент
    из 7

    Valeria Gmez Johanna Garca Vivian Mndez

    Successive rounds of multilateral trade negotiations at the World Trade Organization (WTO), and the negotiation of numerous bilateral and regional trade arrangements have led to a substantial reduction in global tariffs. As tariffs have decreased, there has been increased focus on ensuring non-tariff measures or policies. Among the non-tariff measures or policies are the technical Barriers to Trade or regulations that do not distort international trade.

    Governments use technical regulations and standards to achieve a range of policy goals, such as ensuring the health and safety of their citizens, protection of the environment, and consumer protection. But even when the vast majority of technical regulations and standards are designed to achieve non-trade related objectives, they can also have the unintended effect of restricting or distorting trade. Furthermore, as the use of tariffs as a trade-policy tool has diminished, there can, at times, be an increased incentive for governments to use regulations and standards as an alternative, and less transparent means of restricting the entry of foreign products.

    Examples of TBTs: Rules for product weight. Size. Packaging. Ingredient or identity standards. Mandatory labeling. Shelf-life restrictions. Import testing and certification procedures.

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    Through the participation of many countries in the World Trade Organization (WTO) and ongoing bilateral or multilateral free trade negotiations, there is being promoted the adoption of and compliance with, rules and procedures related to technical regulations and standards. The WTO Agreement on Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT Agreement) is aimed at ensuring that technical regulations, standards, testing and certification procedures do not create unnecessary obstacles to trade.

    The WTO Agreement on the Application of Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures (SPS Agreement) imposes disciplines on measures aimed at ensuring food safety, and animal and plant health. Important principles of these agreements include transparency, the use of international standards, proportionality (measures should not be more trade-restrictive than necessary), and equivalency (countries should accept each others standards, where they offer an equivalent level of protection).

    *http://www.wto.org/english/docs_e/legal_e/17-tbt_e.htm

    World Trade Organization, Agreement on Technical Barriers to Trade [online]. Citado 27/03/2012. En: http://www.wto.org/english/docs_e/legal_e/17-tbt_e.htm. World Trade Organization, Technical Barriers to Trade [online]. Citado 28/03/2012. En: http://www.wto.org/english/tratop_e/tbt_e/tbt_e.htm. Foreign Affairs and International Trade Canada, Technical Barriers to Trade [online].Citado 28/03/2012. En: http://www.international.gc.ca/trade-agreements-accordscommerciaux/goodsproduits/barriers.aspx?lang=en&view=d.

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