Академический Документы
Профессиональный Документы
Культура Документы
FOR GRADE 11
BY M. M. SIWALE (MRS) MUNALI BOYS HIGH SCHOOL.
Definition Of Mensuration.
Topic dealing with the use of formulae to calculate Perimeters, Areas and Volumes of plain shapes and solid ones (prisms).
L L
Volume = L3
Example 1
The sides of a cube are 5cm long. Find, (a) Its total surface area, (b) Its volume.
5cm
5cm
5cm
Answers:
1.(a). T.S.A = 6 x L = 6 x 5 = 150cm (b) V = L = 5x5x5 = 125cm
Task 1
The faces of a cube are 10cm long. Find, (a) Its total surface area, (b) Its volume.
Answers:
(a) T.S.A. = 6 X 10 = 600cm (b) V = 10x10x10 = 1000cm
=bhx2=2bh
Area of third pair = l hx2=2lh
Volume =l x b x h, i.e. V = l b h
Example 2
A box has length 15cm, breadth 7cm and height 8cm. Find, (a) Its total surface area,
Answers:
2. (a) T.S.A.=2 [ (15 X 7) + (7 X 8) + (15 X 8) ] =2 (105 + 56 + 120 ) =2 X 281 =562cm2 (b) V = 15 x7x8 = 105 x 8 = 840cm3
Task 2
A cuboid is 4cm long, 2cm broad and 3cm high. Calculate, (a) Its total surface area, (b) Its volume.
Answers:
(a) T.S.A. =2 [ (4X2) + (2X3) + (4X3) ] = 2( 8+6+12 ) = 2 X 26 = 46cm2
Triangular Prism
REMEMBER: A prism is an object with the same cross section length (L). Area of crosssection x length (L) i.e, V = A X L, where A = (bh). L in some cases is considered as h = height.
VOLUME:
HINT:
T. S. A (Total Surface Area) = Area of the 2 triangles + Area of the 2 equal rectangles + Area of the third rectangle (down).
Example 3
A prism has a base in form of an isosceles triangle with the two equal sides of 5cm each and the third side of 8cm long; the height of the prism is 12cm. Calculate, (a) the volume of the prism, (b) the total surface area of the prism.
5cm 5cm 8cm
12cm
X
4cm 4cm
Answers:
3. (a) V = Area of base x height Hint: First find X = height of base triangle (isosceles) i e, By Pythagoras Theorem, 5 = 4 + x x = 5 - 4 By completing the square, x = 5 - 4 x = 25 16 x = 9 x =3cm Base area = x 8 x3 =12cm Therefore, Volume = Base Area x height = 12 x 12 = 144cm
.
(b) T. S. A. = Area of the 2 triangles + Area of the 2 equal rectangles + Area of the third rectangle Solving 1: A = 2 ( x 8 x 3) = 2 x 12 = 24cm Solving 2: A =2 (12 x 5) = 2 x 60 = 120cm Solving 3: A = 12 x 8 = 96cm Therefore, T. S. A. = 24 + 120 + 96 = 240cm
Task 3
A triangular prism has a base in form of a rightangled triangle, with sides 6cm, 8cm and 10cm. If the height of the prism is 5.5cm, sketch the prism and calculate, (a) its total surface area, (b) its volume.
Answers
Sketch:
10cm 8cm 6cm 5.5cm
(a) T. S. A. = Area of the 2 triangles + Area of rectangle 1 + Area of rectangle 2 + Area of rectangle 3. = 2 ( x 6 x8) + (6 x 5.5) + (10 x 5.5) + (8 x 5.5) = (2 x 24) + 33 + 55 + 44 = 48 + 33 + 55 + 44 Therefore T. S. A. = 180cm (b) V = Base area x height = 24 x 5.5 V = 132cm