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Phrases DO NOT
have BOTH a subject & a verb
Clauses DO HAVE
PHRASES:
4 Types
No Subject & Verb
1: Prepositional Phrase
Prepositional Phrase = Preposition + Noun
from the house = from (prep) + (noun) the house He ran quickly from the house. behind a rock = behind
(prep) + (noun)
a rock
1: Prepositional Phrase
during the movie
2: Participial Phrase
A participle is a verb used as another part of speech. Participles are easy to recognize: they end in ing or ed.
For example: running water, baked apples, loving husband, loaded gun, etc
3: Infinitive Phrase
To + verb = Infinitive phrase If you have ever studied a foreign language, you might remember that verbs are always studied w/the infinitive first:
3: Infinitive Phrase
Examples:
to run a mile
contd
to start over
to do homework all night
4: Noun Phrases
Adjective + Noun = Noun Phrase
The tricky to
The word
prepositional
BOTH
and
to is found in
infinitive
phrases
Prepositional Phrases:
Clauses:
3 types
Clause #1:
INDEPENDENT CLAUSE
(aka:
Independent Clause Independent clauses have a subject & verb and can stand alone.
Examples: The doctor finished the examination. Students leave campus after class.
Clause #2:
DEPENDENT CLAUSE
(aka:
THE
CLIFFHANGER)
Dependent Clause
Dependent clauses have subjects & verbs, but they cannot stand alone
Dependent Clause
Dependent clauses usually begin with subordinating conjunctions such as although, because,
Dependent Clauses
Dependent clauses require a complete thought to make them complete
Written alone, dependent clauses create suspense for whats to comelike a cliffhanger:
Dependent Clauses
Example of a dependent clause:
Because
Dependent Clauses
Dependent clauses often begin or end sentences: Because a rattlesnake has made a home under our bed (dependent clause)
+
We purchased a mongoose to sleep
with us. (sentence/main clause)
Dependent Clauses
Because a rattlesnake
has made a home under our bed, we purchased a mongoose to sleep with us.
Dependent Clauses
We purchased a
mongoose to sleep with us because a rattlesnake has made a home under our bed.
Clause #3:
RELATIVE CLAUSE
Relative Clauses
Relative clauses are easy to recognize. They begin with WHO, WHICH, or THAT.
Relative Clauses
Relative Clauses
Examples: Martin, who usually finishes first, was unable to beat my record. Pasta, which used to be included in most diets, has been replaced by high-protein foods. Toys that the dog chewed up must be thrown away.
Before After
before and after can appear in either prepositional phrases or dependent clauses.
Prepositional phrases: after the storm before the alarm after lunch before my nap after work before the holiday
Dependent clauses:
after the storm ended before the alarm rang after we left work before the doctor arrived after I received your call before the judge makes his ruling
Answer:
Phrases do not have both a
subject and a verb
Phrase Review
Prepositional:
near my house
along the shore
Phrase Review
Participial:
leaving work early sleeping until noon celebrating the holidays filled with liquid
Phrase Review
Infinitive:
to walk the dog to play the piano to watch our favorite TV show
Clause Review
Independent/Main Clause:
(Sentence)
Clause Review
Relative Clause:
which is my favorite food
End of presentation.