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OVERVIEW VoIP is Voice over Internet Protocol (IP) based network Voice over Internet Protocol, VoIP describes the category of hardware and software that enables people to make telephone calls via the Internet. Voice signals are converted to packets of data, which are transmitted on shared, public lines, hence avoiding the tolls of the traditional, public-switched telephone network (PSTN).
OVERVIEW (CONT.)
VoIP uses the Internet Protocol (IP) to transmit voice as packets over an IP network. VOIP can be achieved on any data network that uses IP, like the Internet, Intranets and Local Area Networks (LAN). The voice signal is digitized, compressed and converted to IP packets and then transmitted over the IP network.
OVERVIEW (CONT.)
VoIP services need only a regular phone connection, while others allow you to make telephone calls using an Internet connection instead.
WHAT IT DOES?
VoIP can allow you to make a call directly from a computer, a special VoIP phone, or a traditional phone using an adapter to another VoIP phone or regular phone.
Step 1: Because all transmissions must be digital, the callers voice is digitized. Step 2: Next using complex algorithms the digital voice is compressed and then Separated into packets; and using the Internet protocol, the packets are addressed and sends across the network to be reassembled in the proper order at the destination.
Step 4: After the packets are transmitted and arrive at the destination, the transmission is assembled and decompressed to restore the data to an approximation of the original form.
INTERNET TELEPHONY
The use of the Internet that was originally designed to carry computer data to carry voice o A packet switched network Voice was originally carried over circuit switched networks o PSTN
CONNECTING TO REGULAR PHONE To make a call from a VoIP phone to a regular phone you need a VoIP service provider(eg. Freeway Communications or Vonage) who have equipment that route the calls to the PSTN.
Switch from digital to analog
Digital
Service Provider
Analog
PSTN
(money independent) and, in addition, you can talk with many people at the same time. talk with many people at the same time. If you're still not persuaded you can consider that, at the same time, you can exchange data with people you are talking with, sending images, graphs and videos.
A VoIP call is composed of two parts. 1.Signaling.- The use of signals for controlling communications. The signaling does the call set up, locate users, tear down sessions. 2.Media- After the call has been setup the media transports the voice packets
PROTOCOLS
Examples of protocols are SIP, H323In computing, a protocol is a convention or standard that controls or enables the connection, communications, and data transfer between two computing endpoints. Example TCP/IP, http, ftp. In the field of telecommunications, a communications protocol is the set of standard rules for data representation, signaling, authentication, and error detection required to send information over a channel
Internet
GATEWAY
PSTN
PC TO PHONE CONNECTION
Made over the Internet for connecting PC to phones Sample Product: o Net2Phone Need to pay for the calls but they are relatively inexpensive o Cheaper compared to phone to phone calls made over the Internet
PC to PC
Internet
PC TO PC CONNECTION
Made over the internet for voice connection Sample product: o Net2Phone o NetMeeting Calls are free for example, MSN Messenger or Skype.
Internet
Phone to phone calls are made over the Internet A special phone will connect to a hub or switch on the network PSTN to PSTN when the caller would use a special adaptor for his telephone for example, BT Broadband Voice or Gossiptel.
Internet
GATEWAY GATEWAY
PSTN
PSTN
TYPICAL LAYOUT
ATA
VOIP PHONE
PSTN VS INTERNET
PSTN
INTERNET It uses packet switching. No dedicated path between sender and receiver.
Voice networks use circuit switching. Dedicated path between calling and Called party.
Bandwidth is It acquires and reserved in advance. releases bandwidth, as it is needed. Cost is based on Cost is not dependent distance and time. on time and distance.
Emergency calls Call interception Caller location Numbering Directory assistance & phonebooks Universal service PSTN availability
ADVANTAGES OF VOIP
QUALITY OF SERVICE
QoS involves the following Subjective needs: Does the service meet the customers needs? Is the service easy to use? QoS parameters can be divided into the following categories: Availability Mean Time Between Failure (MTBF) Reliability
Delay both perceived and measured Security Bandwidth Information Loss bit error rate; video and audio
Cost reduction - low cost phone calls. Convergence of data/voice networks unification. Simplification and consolidation centralized management.
CONCLUSION
As data traffic continues to increase and surpass that of voice traffic, the convergence and integration of these technologies will not only continue to improve, but also will pave the way for a truly unified and seamless means of communication. Implementing VoIP can provide significant benefits and savings to your company.
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