NAMASTE

AMENORRHEA
MADE BY ROMA.M.NARSINGHANI

WHAT IS AMENORRHEA????
Amenorrhea is the medical term for the absence of menstrual periods, either on a permanent or temporary basis. Women normally do not menstruate before puberty, during pregnancy, and after menopause.

Amenorrhea can be classified as primary or secondary. In primary amenorrhea, menstrual periods have never begun (by age 16), whereas secondary amenorrhea is defined as the absence of menstrual periods for three consecutive cycles or a time period of more than six months in a woman who was previously menstruating.

WHAT CAUSES AMENORRHEA???

Amenorrhea can be caused by any number of changes in the organs, glands, and hormones involved in menstruation.

PRIMARY AMENORRHEA
Possible causes include:

Failure of the ovaries (female sex organs that hold eggs)

 Problems in the nervous system or the pituitary gland (a gland in the brain that makes a hormone involved in menstruation) Poorly formed reproductive organs In many cases, the cause of primary amenorrhea is not known.

SECONDARY AMENORRHEA
Common causes of secondary amenorrhea are:
Pregnancy

Breast feeding
Cessation of birth control pills Menopause Some birth control methods, such as Depo Provera

Other causes of secondary amenorrhea include:

Stress Poor nutrition

Depression

 Certain drugs/medications

Extreme weight loss

Over-exercising Ongoing illness Sudden weight gain or being very overweight (obesity) Problems with hormone-making glands, including the thyroid (rare) Tumors on the ovaries (rare) Prior uterine surgery with scarring

A woman who has had her uterus or ovaries removed will also stop menstruating.

SYMPTOMS OF AMENORRHEA???
Primary or secondary amenorrhea (respectively) is considered to be present when a girl has:
not developed menstrual periods by age 16; or a woman who has previously had a menstrual cycle stops having menstrual periods for three cycles in a row, or for a time period of six months or more and is not pregnant. Other symptoms and signs may be present, which are highly variable and depend upon the underlying cause of the amenorrhea. For example, symptoms of hormonal imbalance or male hormone excess can include irregular menstrual periods, unwanted hair growth, deepening of the voice, and acne. Elevated prolactin levels as a cause of amenorrhea can result in galactorrhea (a milky discharge from the nipples that is not related to normal breastfeeding).

WHEN SHOULD I SEE MY HEALTH CARE PROVIDER???

See your health care provider if you:
Miss a period Have trouble with your balance, coordination, or vision

 Begin producing breast milk, although you have not given birth Are over age 16 and haven't had your first period Have excessive body hair growth

DIAGNOSIS OF AMENORRHEA???
The diagnosis of amenorrhea requires a careful medical history to document the presence of amenorrhea as well as any other coexisting medical conditions that may be the cause of amenorrhea. A physical examination, including a pelvic examination is also performed. Depending upon the results of the history and physical examination further diagnostic tests may be ordered. Blood tests may be ordered to examine the levels of ovarian, pituitary, and thyroid hormones. These tests may include measurements of prolactin, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSA), estrogen, thyrotropin, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S), and testosterone. For some individuals, a pregnancy test is the first test performed. Imaging studies, such as ultrasound, X-ray, and CT or MRI scanning may also be recommended in certain individuals to help establish the cause of amenorrhea.

TREATMENT FOR AMENORRHEA???

Amenorrhea due to normal causes, such as pregnancy, does not need to be treated. In other cases, treatments will depend on the cause. Treatments include:
Dieting and exercising to lose weight (for amenorrhea caused by obesity)
Dieting to gain weight (for amenorrhea caused by extreme weight loss) Learning ways to manage stress Changing exercise levels Hormones, ordered by a health care provider Surgery (rarely) Amenorrhea may be the symptom of anorexia nervosa, a serious eating disorder. If you or someone you care about has this condition, get help right away

COMPLICATIONS OF AMENORRHEA???
Infertility is a significant complication of amenorrhea for women who desire to become pregnant. Osteopenia (a reduction in bone density) or osteoporosis is a complication of low estrogen levels, which may occur with prolonged amenorrhea. Other complications of amenorrhea depend upon the underlying cause of the amenorrhea.

LIFE STYLE RECOMMENDATION FOR AMENNORHEA??? OR HOW DOES YOGA HELP???

Rest and a reduction in activities, especially strenuous exercise is in order. An active lifestyle is recommended, yet the exercises should be according to ones capacity. (ACHARA AND VIHARA) Negative feelings like stress and tension should be avoided. (VICHARA) Asanas,Pranayama, and Meditation will help to calm the mind and body. Excessive intercourse should be avoided as well as the use of contraceptives. Both, excessive fasting and overeating are harmful. (AHARA)

 Smoking, drinking alcohol and using narcotics aggravates menstrual disorders.

ASANAS

PADMASANA (LOTUS POSE)

HALASANA (PLOUGH POSE)

DHANURASANA (BOW POSE)

SARVANGASANA (SHOULDER STAND POSE)

SHALABHASANA (LOCUST POSE)

PASCHIMOTTANASANA (BACK STRETCH POSE)

BHUJANGASANA (COBRA POSE)