Stages of the Development of Human Resource Management in the Philippines High

Level of Development
Low PreSpanish Spanish Occupation Occupation 1521-1898

American Japanese Post-War Occupation Occupation Period 1891-1941 1941-1946 1946-1971 P E R I O D S

Martial Law Period 1971-1985

Post Martial Law Period 1985 - date

Source: HRM: Principles and Practices

Pre-Spanish Occupation
Barter System
No management & labor groups No personnel management

Spanish Occupation
Commerce: Manila & Spain Loose business organizations No management-labor relations Civil Code of 1889 Rise of Reformist
Unpaid forced labor Freedom from harsh & cruel employment conditions

Minimal education

American Occupation
Not forced and not as harsh as those in the previous foreign regime Far from being fair &just labor conditions Unionism introduced More schools and increased level of literacy

Japanese Occupation
Suspension of the normal education system Decimate big trade, business, and industry activities Annihilated the management labor relations that existed before

Temporarily smothered union movement and labor management and personnel management

Post War Period

1. The increasing complexity of business operations

evelopment and growth in the 2. The number of government regulations and labor laws promulgated in recent years Philippines is primarily a
post-war phenomenon
3. The growth of labor unions

d
Sison

4. The influx of new concepts in management

Post War Period

Personnel Department was formally organized Personnel Management Association of the Phils. Good education Enlightenment among the masses

Martial Law Period

A parliamentary form of government Less proliferation of local unions Government ban on strikes Ministry of Labor and Employment Schools offering courses continued Human Resource Management
Work setting and academe through literature, returning scholars, grantees, academe and practitioners from abroad

Post Martial Law Period

Management Labor problems
Rebellions Attempts to abolish constitutional authority Indebtedness with international financial intermediaries Implementation of a land reform program Graft and corruption & foreign military bases

Right to self-organize

Post Martial Law Period

Positive signals to unfreeze the previous and present status:
Reinstitution of democracy Exercise of freedom Mechanisms of wider consultation Participative working process 1987 Accord in Industrial Harmony Presidents personal role modeling

The Environment & Human Resources Management

Human
Resources

Is a product of its environment

Management

3 Environmental Forces
ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT
Trade, Business and Industry is robust and there is plenty of activity

POLITICAL ENVIRONMENT
Where political stability, expression of ideas and opportunities for innovation are curtailed

EDUCATIONAL ENVIRONMENT
Where masses are enlightened. The workers become conscious of their rights.

SUMMARY

uman beings are the most important,

potent, and critical, resource of any organization, and yet the least understood and the worst managed of its resources.

Human Resource Management

art and science of dealing with people at work for the optimum of achievement of individual, organization and societys goals. Limited to people management

vs.

General Management

Orchestration of all the resources