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курсо-тос (1)
курсо-тос (1)
(
)
:
: 36
: .
2008
I. .
I
4,2 , III
.
1) 2.05.02.85:
28,5
27,5
3,75
1,5
2) :
1,25
, II.
3) 21804601 1,1 .
4) ; 30%
0,77 .
5)
, 0,2
6) :
- 5,8
2,0
/ 17,2
II.
.
1) .
L. = B.. + 2mh1,
h1 = H. . + h.. (d+), = 0,14 - ,
d = 1,25 ,
h.. = 0,2
B.. = 28,5
H. = 4,2 -
III. ,
.
1.
(), , ,
.
P = 2l. + 2b.=267,25+231,5=197,5
: [-4-3-5]
5 . - 1
"
"
4 " -1
"
"
3 " -2
1.-100
8.- =800
N=197,5/800=0,25 1 ..=0,25
5
2.
20 .
D 5C
h = 1,43
b = 1,93 -
V = 3,1 /
V = 10 /
V. = 11,9 /
q
k * k * k , 3/
t
q , , 3
t ,
k , , k = 0,65
k = 0,75
k = 0,70
2
0,75 * h 2 * b
q=
* k = 0.75 * 1.43 * 1.93 * 0.85 = 2.1 3
k
1. 2
k , , k=0,85
k , k=1,2
t = t + t + t.. + t,
q
l
l3 =
,
t3 =
,
b * h
1000 * V
. =
2. 1
= 5.44
1.93 * 0.2
5..44
t3 =
= 0.0018
1000 * 3.1
l3 =
l
20
,
t =
= 0.002
1000 *10
1000 * V
l
20
t . . =
,
t . . =
= 0.0017
1000 * 11.9
1000 * V . .
t = 0,005
t = 0,0018 + 0,002 + 0,0017 + 0,005 = 0,0105
q
. = k * k * k = 2.1 * 0.65 * 0.75 * 0.7 = 68.25 3 /
t
0.0105
t =
=68,25*8=546 3/
. = *k=546*0.8=436,8 3/
V .
423.68
= 0.97 - 1
N= . =
436.8
0.97
= 0.97
k= 1
: 423,68 3 1 , 1
, D 5C
3. .
. =1.2* =1.2*436,8=524,16 3/
Vc . =508,41 3
508.41
= 0.97 - 1
524.16
0.97
= 0.97
k= 1
N=
: 508,41 3 1 , 1
.
4.
k =1,2
V=200,78 3
904
:
: ,
: 1,05 3
: 7,5
: 10,5
: 9,2
: 8,15
q
1.05
k * k * k =
* 0.65 * 0,7 * 0,6 = 36.75 3 / .
(t * k )
0,0065 * 1,2
t = 0,0065
k = 1,2
k = 0,65
k = 0,7
k = 0,6
. = * . = 36.75 * 8 = 294 3 / .
. .
= . * k = 294 * 0,8 = 235.2 3 / .
.
N=
200.78
= 0.85 - 1
235.2
k= 0,85
: 200,78 3 1 , 1
904.
7
5.
2 .
Volvo D250E.
: 27
: 12,9 3
: 40 /
q
* k * k , 3 /
2* L
.
(
+ t + t )
V
27
0.75 0.7 = 17.9 3 /
= 1.58( 2 * 2 + 0.35 + 0.05)
40
. =
q ,
L , 2
=1,58 /3
k = 0,75
k = 0,70
t = 0,05
t = 0,35
.=*=17,9*8=143,54 3/
.=143,54*0.8=114,84 3/
N.=
200.78
= 1.7 - 2
114.84
k= 1,7/2=0,85
: 200,783 1 ,
2 Volvo D250E.
6.
N =
.
.
l .. + l
. . . + l . . .
* n =
M = l*b*h*/*N
M = 0,14*1,3*4*2,5=1,82
-25
, : -
: 24
: 17,5
8
: 20 /
=
q
2L
(
+ t + t )
V
* k * k , /
N=24/1,82=13 , , .
t = 0,04*M*N=0.04*1.82*13=0.95 ,
t= t ,
k , (k=0,75)
k ,
(k=0,7).
13
* 0.75 * 0.7 = 1.89 .
2
*
17
.
2
= (
3,46 /
+ 0.95 + 0.95)
20
=*=1.89*8*2=30,24 / 2
.= *=30,24*0.8=24,19 /
73
= 3.02 - 4 -25
N = =
24.19
k=
3.02
= 0.76
4
: 73 2 , 4
-25.
7.
132,86
: -4571
: 16
: 22
:
: 3,75
: 4,0
=
K K
t + t + t + t + t + t .
1.82
=
0.75 0.75 = 23.01 /
0.016 + 0.0005 + 0.01 + 0.001 + 0.01 + 0.007
q =1,82
t = 0,16 .
H
1
=
= 0,0005.
t =
3600V 3600 0,5
t =
H
2
=
= 0,001.
3600V 3600 0,5
t =0,01 .
t
=0,01 .
t . =0,007 .
=*=23,01*8=184,08 /
.= *=184,08*0.8=147,26 /
N.=
132.86
= 0.9 - 1
147.26
k= 0,9/1=0,9
: 132,86 1 , 1
-4571
8.
-65.
: (4+4)
: 12
: 1,7
4 /.
V=S. =65,19
(b a )l h
=
* k . * k * k , 2 /
l
(
+ t )n
1000V
b ,
a = 0,2 ,
l = 60 ,
t = 0,005 ,
n = 15 .
h =0,25 ,
k . =1,2
k , (k=0,75)
k ,
(k=0,75).
(1.7 0,2)60 * 0.25 * 1.2
* 0,75 * 0,75 = 50.63 2 /
60
=
(
+ 0,005) * 15
1000 * 4
10
=*=50,63*8=405,04 2/
.=0.8* =405,04*0.8=324,032/
V
65.19
= 0.2 1
N= . =
324.03
k= 0.2/1=0.2
: 65,19 3 1 , 1
-65.
9.
V=14,34 3
--45085
: 5,8
: 3,8 3
: 30 /
q
* k * k , 3 /
2* L
.
(
+ t + t )
V
5.8
0.75 0.7 = 3.93 3 /
= 1.3( 2 * 5.8 + 0.16 + 0.05)
30
. =
q ,
L , 5,8
=1,3 /3
k = 0,75
k = 0,70
t = 0,05
t = 0,16
.=*=3,93*8=31,44 3/
.=31,44*0.8=25,15 3/
N.=
14.34
= 0.57 - 1
25.15
k= 0,57/1=0,57
: 14,34 3 1 , 1
--45085.
11
10.
0,2 .
V=14,34 3
TD15E
h = 0,8
b = 1,0 -
V = 3,2 /
V = 10,5 /
V. = 12,5 /
q
, 3/
t
q , , 3
t ,
k , , k = 0,65
k = 0,75
k = 0,70
q = 0.75 h 2 b K = 0.75 * 0.8 * 0.8 * 1 * 0.85 = 0.408 3
k , , k=0,85
t = t + t.. + t,
l
6.5
,
t =
= 0.0006
1000 * 10.5
1000 * V
l
6.5
t . . =
,
t . . =
= 0.0005
1000
* 12.5
1000 * V . .
t = 0,01
t = 0,0006 + 0,0005 + 0,01 +005 = 0,0111
t =
q
0,408
=
* 0.65 * 0.75 * 0.6 =14,34 3 /
t
0.0111 0,75
=14,34*8=114,68 3/
. = *k=114,68*0.8=91,74 3/
V .
14,34
N= . = 91,74 = 0,16 - 1
0,16
= 0,16
k= 1
: 14,34 3 1 , 1
, TD15E
12
11.
, 0,15
V=14,34 3
BOMAG BW 16R
: (4+4)
: 8
: 1,98
8 /.
(b a )l h
* k . * k * k , 2 /
l
(
+ t )n
1000V
b ,
a = 0,2 ,
l = 60 ,
t = 0,005 ,
n = 20 .
h =0,15 ,
k . =1,2
k , (k=0,75)
k ,
(k=0,75).
=
=*=43,25*8=346,03 2/
.=0.8* =346,03*0.8=276,832/
V
14.34
= 0.05 1
N= . =
276.83
k= 0.05/1=0.05
: 14,34 3 1 , 1
-65.
12.
.
V=18,6 3
-92-2 ().
13
: 5 3
: 0,17
: 0,17 .
30 /
q
2* L
(
+ t + t )
V
* k * k , 3 /
k = 0,75
L=17,2
k = 0,70
t
t
5
=
(
2 * 17,2
+ 0,17 + 0,17)
30
. = . * . = 1,74 * 8 = 13.94 3 / .
.
= . * k = 13.94 * 0,8 = 11.15 3 / .
.
N =
k .
18.6
= 1.67 - 2 .
11.15
1.67
=
= 0.84
2
: 18,63 1 , 2
-92-2 ().
13.
0,1 .
V=18,6 3
:
4 1
3 2
:
13 3,2
:
3,2/3=1,067 .
:
13 1,067 .
3 8. X=
8
= 7.5 3.
1.067
N =
k .
V 18,6
=
= 2.48 - 3
X
7.5
2.48
=
= 0.83
3
: 3 1 .
14
14.
17,2 .
.. = .. N .. + .. N .. = 2 4 + 2,4 70 = 176
-25
, : -
: 24
: 17,5
: 20 /
=
q
2L
(
+ t + t )
V
* k * k , /
q -
t = 0,04 q =0.04*24=0.96 ,
t= t ,
k , (k=0,75)
k ,
(k=0,7).
24
* 0.75 * 0.7 = 3.46 / .
2
*
17
.
2
= (
+ 0.96 + 0.96)
20
=*=3,46*8*3=83,04/
.= *=83,04*0.8=66,43 /
..
176
= 2.65 - 3 -25
N = =
66.43
k=
2.65
= 0.88
3
: 176 3 , 3
. -25.
15.
.. = .. N .. + .. N .. = 2 4 + 2,4 70 = 176
4 1
3 1
6 . 1
:
5 0,4 ( 2,4 )
15
:
5 0,4 .
8 . =
8 5
= 100 - 1 1 , 200
0.4
176
N = .. =
= 0,88 - 1
X
200
k . =
0,88
= 0.88
1
: 1 2- .
16.
17,2
.
.. = . N . = 4 4 = 16
-25
, : -
: 24
: 17,5
: 20 /
. 14
= 3,46 /
=*=3,46*8=27,69 /
.= *=27,69*0.8=22,15 /
. .
16
= 0.72 - 1 -25
N = =
22.15
k=
0.72
= 0.72
1
: 16 1 , 1
. -25.
16
17.
.. = . N . = 4 4 = 16
4 1
3 1
6 . 1
:
5 0,24 ( 4 )
:
5 0,24 .
8 . =
8 5
= 166.67 - 1 1
0.24
16
N = .. =
= 0.096 - 1
X
166.67
k . =
0.096
= 0.096
1
: 1 1- .
18.
17,2 .
-25
16
24
20
=*=3,46*8*2=55,38 /
.= *=55,38*0.8=44,3 /
. . 112.6
=
= 2.5 - 3 -25
N =
44.3
k=
2.5
= 0.83
3
: 112,6 2 , 3
. -25.
19.
4 1
3 1
6 . 1
17
:
5 0,28
:
5 0,28 .
8 . =
8 5
= 142.86 - 1 1
0.28
N =
k .
..
112.6
= 0.79 - 1
142.86
X
0.79
=
= 0.79
1
:1 1- .
20.
17,2 .
. = . N . = 4 4.2 = 16.8
-25
16
24
* 0.75 * 0.7 = 3.46 / .
2
*
17
.
2
= (
+ 0.96 + 0.96)
20
=*=3,46*8=27,68 /
.= *=27,68*0.8=22,14 /
..
16,8
=
= 0.76 - 1 -25
N =
22.14
k=
0.76
= 0.76
1
: 16,8 1 , 1
. -25.
21.
. = . N . = 4 4.2 = 16.8
4 1
3 1
6 1
:
5 0,24
:
5 0,24 .
8 . =
8 5
= 166.67 - 1 1
0.24
18
N =
k .
..
16.8
= 0.1 - 1
166.67
X
0.1
=
= 0.1
1
: 1 1- .
22.
.. = . N . = 4 4 = 16
:
4 . 2
3 2
6 1
:
5 2,56
:
5 2,56 .
16 . =
16 5
= 31.25 - 1 2
2.56
16
N = . =
= 0.51 - 1
X
31.25
k . =
0.51
= 0.51
1
:1 2- ..
23.
. = . N . = 4 4.2 = 16.8
:
4 . 2
3 2
6 1
-2
:
5 1,92
:
5 1,92 .
8. =
8 5
= 20.83 - 1 1
1.92
19
N =
k .
16.8
= 0.81 - 1
20.83
X
0.81
=
= 0.81
1
:1 1- ..
24. .
.. = .. N .. + .. N .. = 2 4 + 2,4 70 = 176
1
1
4
3
6
3
1
:
3 1,92
:
3 1,92 .
32. =
32 3
= 50 - 1 4
1.92
176
N = .. =
= 3.52 - 4
X
50
k . =
3.52
= 0.88
4
: 4 4- .
25. .
74
:
4 2
3 2
6 1
:
1 2,32
20
2
1
:
1 . 0.58 .
32. =
32 1
= 55 . - 1 4
0.58
N =
k .
N ...
74
= 1.35 - 2
55
X
1.35
=
= 0.68
2
: 2 4- .
26.
17,2 .
V=SABCDE*L*k..
S ABCDE = S ABD =
1
* 1.78 * 1.5 = 1.34 2
2
V=1,34*37,53*1,25=62,863.
Volvo FM10
: 8 3
: 0,25
: 0,25 .
40 /
=
q
* k * k , 3 /
2* L
.
(
+ t + t )
V
k = 0,75
L=17,2
k = 0,70
t
t
21
-500
8
2 * 17,2
(
+ 0,25 + 0,25)
40
. = . * . = 3.09 * 8 = 24.72 3 / .
.
= . * k = 24.72 * 0,8 = 19.78 3 / .
.
N =
k .
62.86
= 3.17 - 4 .
19.78
3.17
=
= 0.79
4
: 57.83 3 1 , 4
Volvo FM10.
27. .
V=62,863.
:
4 1
3 2
:
1 3 2,5
:
1 3 0,83 .
32. =
32 1
= 38.55 3 - 1 4
0.83
V
62,86
N = =
= 1.63 - 2
X
38.55
k . =
1.63
= 0,82
2
: 2 4-
28. .
1.39
S 2 0.15 S
0.15 = 0.55
= 0.15 =
2
2
2
b = m1 0.25 = 0,48 - 0,25 - 0,14 = 0,09
a=
3
.
14
(
1
.
25
+
2 0.14) 1.13 = 3.67
l
=
D
. =
2
S = l
L 1.3 = 3,67 37,53 1,3 = 179,06
4 1
3 1
22
:
12 0,56
:
12 0,56 .
32. =
32 1
= 57.14 2 - 1 4
0.56
N =
k .
179,06
= 3,13 - 4
57,14
X
3,13
=
= 0.78
4
: 4 4- .
29. .
7
30. .
. 6
31. 2 .
F = F1 + F2 + F3 + F4 + F5
B ` . = B . + 2 (h + h .. d 0.5) m =
28,5 + 2 (4.2 + 0.2 1.25 0.14 0.5) 1.5 = 36.03
F1 =
k =
B ` . + L.
2
. .
...
0.5 (2a) K . =
36,03 + 37,53
0,5 (3.31) 1.08 = 65.74 2
2
1700
= 1.08
1580
23
B ` . + ( B ` . + 2 h . m)
b 2a
36.03 + (36.03 + 2 1.89 1.5)
15 3.31
F2 = F3 =
h . ( .
) K . =
1.89
2
2
2
2
h. = d++0.5=1.25+0.14+0.5=1.89
b . = 15
h.
m) + ( B ` . + 2 h. m)
h.
2
2
F4 = F5 =
(h. 15) K . = 2081
2
2
F = F1 + F2 + F3 + F4 + F5 =65,74+463,69+463,69+2081+2081=5155,12 3
( B ` . 2
Volvo 40D
: 37
: 22,5 3
: 40 /
q
* k * k , 3 /
2* L
.
(
+ t + t )
V
37
0.75 0.7 = 48.2 3 /
= 1.3( 2 * 2.0 + 0.16 + 0.05)
40
. =
q ,
L , 2,0
=1,3 /3
k = 0,75
k = 0,70
t = 0,05
t = 0,16
.=*=48,2*8=385,61 3/
.=385,61*0.8=308,49 3/
5155,12
= 16.71 - 17
308.49
16.71
= 0.98
17
N.=
k=
24
32.
0,5 .
D10R
h = 2.12
b = 5.26 -
V = 5.2 /
V = 12.5 /
V. = 15.6 /
q
k * k * k , 3/
t
q , , 3
t ,
k , , k = 0,65
k = 0,75
k = 0,70
2
0,75 * h 2 * b
q=
* k = 0.75 * 2.12 * 5.26 * 0.85 = 12.56 3
k
1.2
k , , k=0,85
k , k=1,2
t = t + t + t.. + t,
q
l
l3 =
,
t3 =
,
b * h
1000 * V
. =
12.56
= 11.94
5.26 * 0.2
11.94
t3 =
= 0.0023
1000 * 5.2
l3 =
l
20
,
t =
= 0.0016
1000 * 12.5
1000 * V
l
20
t . . =
,
t . . =
= 0.0013
1000 * 15.6
1000 * V . .
t = 0,005
t = 0.0023 + 0.0016 + 0.0013 + 0,005 = 0,0102
q
. = k * k * k = 12.56 * 0.65 * 0.75 * 0.7 = 420.21 3 /
t
0.0102
t =
=420.21*8=3361.65 3/
. = *k=3361.65*0.8=2689.32 3/
V .
5155.12
= 1.92 - 2
N= . =
2689.32
25
1.92
= 0.96
k= 2
: 1 , 2- , D10R
33. .
HAMM GRW 15.
:
: 11,5
: 1,74
14 /.
(b a )l h
* k . * k * k , 2 /
l
(
+ t )n
1000V
b ,
a = 0,2 ,
l = 37,53 ,
t = 0,005 ,
n = 10 .
h =0,25 ,
k . =1,2
k , (k=0,75)
k ,
(k=0,75).
=
=*=126,98*4*8=4063,36 2/
.=0.8* =4063,36*0.8=3250,692/
V
5155.12
= 1.59 2
N= . =
3250.69
1.59
= 0.79
k 2
34. .
. 1.
26
6. .
(+/-)
30
1
------------:
-
5
-
10
:
------------
+0; -10
-
-5; +10
10
------------ :
-
-5; +10
-
5
10
5
50
27