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1. ..............................

15

1.1. -
...............

15

1.2. ...........

17

1.3. ........

25

1.4. .............

28

1.5.
.............

33

37

2.

3-

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38

2.1.
....................................

38

2.2.
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44

2.3.
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47
2.4.
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-3-

2.5
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...........................................
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58

2...

62

3. - ......................

64

3.1.
........................................................................................

64

3.2. ...................................

65

3.3. .............

71

3.4.

.......................................................................................................

75

3.5.
....................................

86

3...

89

4.

90

4.1. -
..................................................................................

90

4.2. ..............

95

4.3.

..............

99

4.4. -
............................................................................................................
4.5. -

101

-4-

...........................................................

110

4.6.

126

4.7. -

137

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140

141

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- 39 -

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[29]
is

2
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3

2
ir (ia aib a 2ic ) .
3

1
2

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3
-
2

(2.1)
(2.2)

- 40 -

iA , iB , iC -
ia , ib , ic -

us is Rs

d s

dt

(2.3)

ur ir Rr

d r
jr r
dt

(2.4)

.(2.2)
Ls Lsl Lm Lr Lrl Lm

Lm

3
Lsm
2

(2.5)

, ,
.
, A
(.2.2), [16]

iA Re(is )

2
2
1
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Re iA aiB a 2iC iA iB iC iA iA
3
3
2
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iB Re(a 2is ) Re a 2

2
2
iA aiB a 2iC Re a 2iA a 3iB a 4iC
3
3

2
2
iC Re(ais ) Re a iA aiB a 2iC Re aiA a 2iB a 3iC
3
3

(2.6)
(2.7)
(2.8)

ia Re(ir )

2
2
1
1 2 3
Re ia aib a 2ic ia ib ic ia ia
3
3
2
2 3 2

(2.9)

- 41 2
2
ib Re(ais ) Re a ia aib a 2ic Re aia a 2ib a 3ic
3
3

(2.10)

2
2
ic Re(ais ) Re a ia aib a 2ic Re aia a 2ib a 3ic
3
3

(2.11)

s is Ls ir Lrm

(2.12)

r ir Lr is Lrm

(2.13)

s iA aiB a 2iC Ls ia aib a 2ic Lrm

3
3
2

r ia aib a 2ic Ls iA aiB a 2iC Lrm

3
3

(2.14)
(2.15)

Re

d s
di
di
Ls A Lrm a
dt
dt
dt

(2.16)

Lr ir Lrmis

(2.17)

2
2

jr Re r jr Re Lr ir Lrmis jr Re (ia aib a 2ic ) Lr iA aiB a 2iC Lrm

3
3
(2.18)

jr Re r

r
3

ic ib Lr iC iB Lrm

(2.19)

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di
di
di

diA
Lrm a ua ia Rr Lr a Lrm A r ic ib Lr iC iB Lrm
dt
dt
dt
dt
3

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di
di
diB
di

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dt
dt
dt
dt
3

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diC
di
di
di

Lrm c uc ic Rr Lr c Lrm C r ia ib Lr iA iB Lrm

dt
dt
dt
dt
3

(2.20)

di r

L2 i
3
dt

U R i L1

(2.21)

- 42 M

3
s is
2

pLrm
3

ia iB iC ib (iC iA ) ic (iA iB )

(2.22)

,
[18]
J d r
M Mc
p dt

(2.23)

J - ;p ; M c -

u A
u
B
u
U uC
a
ub

uc

Ls
0

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rm
0

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a
dt
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dt
dic
dt

0
0
0

Lr
Lr

iA
i
B
i
i iC
a
ib

ic

- 43 -

u A Rs
u 0
B
uC 0

ua 0
ub 0

uc 0

0
0

r 0

3 0
Lrm

Lrm

0
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0
0

0
0

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0

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0
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Lrm

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Lr ib

0 ic

diA
dt

diB
0
dt
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C
Lrm dt

0 dia

0 dt

Lr dib
dt
dic
dt

(2.24)

di
1
dt L1 U R i 3 L2 i

(2.25)

r 1

di 1
1
dt L1 U L1 R i 3 L1 L2 i

(2.26)

- 44 -

()

()

.(2.3) (a) ()
2.2.
3-

.
, ,
[18].
dis d

;
dt
dt

dis d
us ( Rs Rm )is Rmir L s

;
dt
dt
di
d

us ( Rs Rm )is Rmir L s s ;
dt
dt

us ( Rs Rm )is Rmir L s

(2.27)

- 45 -

d
di

L r r r ( L r ir L r ir );
dt
dt
3

d
dir r

0 Rr ir
( L r ir L r ir );
L r

dt
dt
3

d
dir r
0 Rr ir
( L r ir L r ir )
L r

dt
dt
3

0 Rr ir

(2.28)

s ( , , ) s ( , , ) ( , , ) ;

(2.29)

r ( , , ) r ( , , ) ( , , ) ;

(2.30)

s ( , , ) L s is ( , , ) ;

(2.31)

r ( , , ) L r ir ( , , ) ;

(2.32)

i ( , , ) is ( , , ) ir ( , , )

(2.33)

i
:

i ( , , ) is ( , , ) ir ( , , ) i

( , , )

(2.34)

(2.71)
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dt

dir ( , , )
dt

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d ( , , )
i

dt
dt

(2.35)

(2.72)

d ( , , )

dt

d ( , , )
dt

( , , )

d
dt

(2.36)

i
dt

di d
d dt

(2.37)

(2.66) (2.72).
,

, , , B c B .

- 46 -

Bc

di

(2.38)

dis ( , , )
dt

dir ( , , )
dt

B B

( , , ) d
d ( , , )
B

dt
dt

(2.39)

1
i A iA ia iB ib iC ic ;
2

1
i B iB ib iA ia iC ic ;
2

1
iC iC ic iA ia iB ib ;
2

i a i A ;
1

i i2 A i2 B i2C i Ai B i AiC i B iC 2

i b i B ;

i c i C ;

(2.40)

.2.4 -
() 180 ()

- 47 -

,
-, -
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,
[16].

2.3
a,b,c , -
m .

,
[42].

,
a,b,c
, ,

(.2.5).

, -
[29].

2.5.
(a,b,c,( , ))

- 48 -

,
, [29]:
-
ur ir Rr

(2.41)

d r
jr r -
dt

(2.42)

im i s ir -
M

(2.43)

3
p Im * s is
2

(2.44)

, us - , ur -
, s -
, r - . im -

M -

, .

is , ir im
[29]:
is

2
(iA aiB a 2iC )
3

2
ir (ia aib a 2ic )
3
im

2
ima imb imc
3

1
2

a e j120 j

(2.45)

(2.46)

(2.47)

.
3
1
3
, a 2 e j 240 j
-
2
2
2

iA , iB , iC -
ia , ib , ic -
ima , imb , imc -

, ,
[29].

- 49 -

()

()

2.6. () ()
, A
, (,b,c (.
2.6,) ( , ) (. 2.6,)
[29]:
(a,b,c)
iA Re( is )

2
2
1
1 2 3
Re iAS aiBS a 2iCS iAS iBS iCS iAS iAS
3
3
2
2 3 2

(2.48)

2
2
iAS aiBS a 2iCS Re a 2iAS a 3iBS a 4iCS iBS
3
3

(2.49)

iB Re(a 2 is ) Re a 2

2
2
iC Re(ais ) Re a iAS aiBS a 2iCS Re aiAS a 2iBS a 3iCS iCS
3
3

(2.50)

,
i Re(ir ) ,

i Im(ir )

, i AS , i BS , iCS - 3- ,

(2.51)
iA , iB , iC , i , i -

a,b,c,( , ), Rs , Rr -
, Rm- ,
.

(2)-(3), (9)-(12)
:

- 50 d a
d b
1
3
Ub
i )
Rs ia Rm (ia i ),
Rs ib Rm (ib i
2
2
dt
dt

d c
1
3

Uc
i ),
Rs ic Rm (ic i

2
2
dt

d
U
Rr i r , U
Rr i r

dt
dt

Ua

(2.52)

,
2
2

U a U m cos1t , U b U m cos 1t
, U c U m cos 1t
, U U 0
3
3

(2.53)

3
M . p. .i .i ,
2

(2.54)

p
d
M M c r
J
dt

(2.55)

J - ,
, M c -

,
a,b,c, , ,

1
3

c Ls ic M i
i Micc ,

2
2

1
ib ic M 1 icb icc
Lr i Mia Mica , Lr i M

3
3

1
2

a Ls ia Mi Mica , b Ls ib M i

3
i
2

ia , ib , ic , i , i - , ,

(), .

Micb ,

a , b , c , , -

(2.56)

- 51 -

2.4
a,b,c , -

. ,
4 20%
50% .

.

(, , )
.


- [24]:

Rm

- Xm (.2.8,).

Rc Xm ( 2.8,).
Rc Xm
Rm, Xm
Rc

Rm2 X m2
R 2 X m2
, X mu m
,
Rm
Xm

(2.57)

- 52 -

2.7.

Rm Xm, )

Rc Xm.
[37], Rm
f, Rm f 1.6 . Rm
1.6

f
Rm Rmo ,
f0

f 0 .

Rm0 - ,

Rc,

(2.78) , -
0.4

Rc f

0 .4

f
, Rc Rc 0 . Rm Rc
f0

.2.9.

. 2.8 Rc , Rm

Rm
, T-
,
2,. ,
, [29]:

- 53 us is Rs

d s
im Rm
dt

ur ir Rr

d r
jr r -
dt

(2.58)
(2.59)

im i s ir -
M

(2.60)

3
p Im * s is
2

(2.61)

, us - , ur -
, Rm -
, s - , r . im -

, p - , M -
, .

,
.
2.5
a,b,c, ( , )


. ,

.
, .

-
( ,
, ..).

- 54 -

, .. ,
.

Rr Lr

Kr Kx,
s r .
Kr Kx .
- n
. 2.9,

[10].
,

, , Kr Kx.
. 7.

2.9. n- (n=11).

2.10. Kr Kx f2
- - ,

- 55 -

, .

m .8.

2.11. M

.2.12.
, , 3- a,b,c
[29].

2.12. (a,b,c,( , ))

- 56 -

U s Rs is L s
0 Rr ir L r

0 Rc ic Lc

dis d m

; -
dt
dt

dir d m

jr r ; -
dt
dt

(2.62)
(2.63)

dic d m

; - (2.64)
dt
dt

s L s is m ;

(2.65)

r L r ir m ;

(2.66)

c Lc ic m ;

(2.100 21)
m Lm (im ).im

(2.67)

im is ir ic

(2.68)

(16-23)
(a,b,) ( , ) , ,

Ua

d a
Rs ia ,
dt

0M
0

dima
Rc ica ,
dt

Ub

d b
Rsib ,
dt

0M

d
Rr i r ,
dt

dimb
Rc icb ,
dt

d
dt

Uc

d c
Rs ic
dt

(2.69)

0M

dimc
Rc icc .
dt

(2.70)

Rr i r ,

(2.71)

3
M . p. .i .i ,
2

(2.72)

p
d
M M c
J
dt

(2.73)

- 57 -

1
3
1
3
ima ia i ica , imb ib i
i , imc ic i
i
2
2
2
2

(2.74)

a Ls ia Mi Mica
1
2

3
i Micb
2

1
2

3
i Micc
2

b Ls ib M i
c Ls ic M i

(2.75)

Lr i Mia Mica
Lr i M

1
1
ib ic M icb icc
3
3

(2.76)

ca Lc ica Mi Mia
1
2

3
i Mib
2

1
2

3
i Mic
2

cb Lc icb M i
cc Lc icc M i

(2.77)

ica , icb , icc - , .

2.13. -

- 58 -

2.14. 3- ( Simulink)
2.6
a,b,c,( , )

, ,
,
[8].
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) :

, .. Ki=Imax/Inom,
Km=Mmax/Mnom,
s Qs ,
, :

- 59 T

1
1
Ps Ps (t )d (t ) , Qs Qs (t )d (t )
T0
T0

(2.78)

Ps (t ) Re(U I * ) U A (t ).i A (t ) U B (t ).i B (t ) U C (t ).iC (t )

Qs (t ) Im(U I * )

1
3

U A (t ).iC (t ) i B (t ) U B (t ).i A (t ) iC (t ) U C (t ).i B (t ) i A (t )

(2.113) ,
.

T

1
Pc Pfe (t )dt
T0

(2.113)

2
2
2
Pfe Rm (ima
imb
imc
) , Pfe Rc (ica2 icb2 icb2 )

:
T

1
P2 P2 (t )d (t ) , P2 (t ) M (t ).r (t ) P P ,
T0

(2.79)

P , P -
- cos() :

P2
,
Ps

cos

Ps
Ss

S s Ps2 Q 2
s

(2.80)

) :
P2 , -
cos(), - Pfe , -I ,
t K .
RA90L6
:
P2 1500, , U n 220, B , f 50 , p 3 , Rs 3,57, O , Rr 3,8, O , X s 4,99, O
X r 8,28, O , X m 82,9, O , Rm 5,49, O , Rc 5,49, O , J r 1,48.10 3 , / 2 .

- 60 -

(11 -14) (24-29)

atlab. . 10.
, ,

Rr, Lr
[19][65].

2.15. c
1
: 25, 50 75 .

f f ,

f f , U U ,

.
.
25
f, []

U
const
f

. 1

50

75

1-

2-

1-

2-

1-

2-

, [o.e]

1,62

1,52

3,49

3,6

5,08

5,9

i , [o.e]

3,057

3,33

5,94

6,239

8,57

9,1

Ps, []

1145,5

1224

3007,6

2938

5838

5385

Qs, []

1127,2

1457

3358

3470

6778

6404

- 61 P , []

30,6

13,59

471,1

78,7

2094

193

, [%]

49,5

44

50

51

44

48

cos , [o.e]

0,71

0,64

0,66

0,64

0,65

0,64

C .
25
f, []

. 2

50

75

1-

2-

1-

2-

1-

2-

ia , [A]

3,63

4,64

3,85

3,9

4,69

3,9

, [%]

70,1

61

80,3

81,3

75

83

cos ,

0,8

0,68

0,74

0,72

0,66

0,72

6,29

17,5

93,39 105,7 413,5

258,8

[o.e]
P ,[]

1
r ,[1/]

44,97

43,1

P2 , []

677,86

650,5 1515,

t K , [c]

0,12

99,08 99,07 151,6

3,42

0,24

151,9

1519

2333

2339

6,77

0,17

10,2

2 ,
.
,
.

. ,
.

.

- 62 -

:
(),


. ,

.
.
,
.

.
2.
,

-,

, ,
;

.
,
,
,
.

(a,b,c,()), ,

Kmu, r Kx.

- 63 -

- 63 -

3. -
3.1.

Pi,

. (.3.9)
=1, =2
=3. :
[4].
P

P1 L

(3.1)

P 1 3 I s2 R s - , I s - , Rs
, L - ; L
;
P

P1 L

(3.2)

, ,

Z CJ P . P ,

(3.3)

Z CJ ; P .
,
=0,0051 , 1- , . ,

,

[4].
,

- 64

f
P ( f ) 1.7 p1.50 Bm2 G
50

(3.4)

1,50 - f=50
Bm =1 , Bm
(T) , f - (), G ().

r=P5

- P 2 3 I r2 R r ,

Ir -

Rr -

, - zr.[18][24].
,
,
P nr2 ,

- . ,

( 4),

( 6),

4 6 , .. 4=6=0,5.

3.1.
( )

- 65 -

3.2. .

.
,
.
, ,
,

()

, ,
: .
[2]:
-
, ;
-
,
;
-- , ,
,
.
-
S1 ,
, S2-S8,
, .

- 66 -

.


, [2].
,

, .
,
,
.
() -

, ,

.

183-74, S1... S8[2].
S1.
() ( )
,
, .
,

- 67 -

.(3.2) S1.

.(3.3) S2.

S2 -

,
.

. 183-74
: 10, 30, 60 90 [2].
- S3-
, N
, ,
R,
[2].
N, R

:
(3.5)
(
: 15, 25, 40, 60%.

)
,

- 68 -

.(3.4) S3.

.(3.5) S4.

- S4 ,
D, N,
, ,
.
Z ,

, S4

, 2, ,

, [2]
;

;
;

(3.6)

;
-
;
-

- 69 -

.
D, n1
:
;

(3.7)

S5 - , ,
S4 F .

.(3.6) S5.

.(3.7) S6.

S6- ,
N
V, ,
[2].

S6

(),
.
183-74

- 70 -

(3.8)

S7

D, N
. ,

[2].
,

.(3.8) S7.

.(3.9) S8.

S8 - ,

D, N1
, , N2
, ..

.
S1,
-S1-S8 [12].

- 71 -

3.3. .

,

.
,
(). .
, , .
,

144 10141
.(3.9)[4].

.(3.10).
.

- 72 -

-
-
-
-
-

.(3.11).
[4]:
1. ,
;
2. ,

;
3.
;
4. ;
5.

- 73 -

;
6.
.

.
.(3.9)
.(3.10)
:

; ,

. ,
, :
;

(3.9)

;
;

(3.10)

(3.11)

( )[4].

- 74 -

.(3.10).

(3.12)
(3.9)
[2]:

(3.13)

(3.14)

(77),
0;
(71);

- ()

- (7x1).

(3.10)
(3.15)

- . (3.11)

- 75 -

3.12

(3.7)
2.2 .
,
. [4].
3.4. -
.

.

.

, ,
, ,
.[13].

- 76 -

, ,

,
.
,
.

[13].

:

;

, ..
.
,
S2, S4 .
.(3.13)
.(3.10)
[9].

- 77 -

.(3.13).
- ;
- ;
- ;
- ;
- ;
- ;

(.3.13)

(3.1) [9]
(3.16)
(3.14):

- 78 -

(3.17)
,
t.

. [2].

,
(.3.13), [9]
d1
111 122 133 144 155 166 P1;
dt
d
C2 2 211 222 233 244 255 266 P2 ;
dt
d
C3 3 311 322 333 344 355 366 P3 ;
dt

C1

(3.18)

d4
111 122 133 144 155 166 P4 ;
dt
d
C5 5 511 522 533 544 555 566 P5 ;
dt
d
C6 6 611 622 633 644 655 666 P6.
dt

C4

d
P
dt

(3.19)

(66), 0; -

- 79 -

(61); (61), -
.

(3.15),

. d dt 0 .

.
1P

(3.20)

( )
,
, ,

b11 P1 b12 P2 b13 P3 b14 P4 b15 P5 b16 P6 ;

(3.21)

, b1i- .

R ( P1 k 12 P2 k 13 P3 k 14 P4 k 15 P5 k 16 P6 ) ; (3.22)

R b11 -

, 1 i b1 i b11 - ,
, .
(3.23) [13].

-
(

.
i f (t )

i- , (1),

- 80 t

T
i 1 aij e j

j 1

(3.23)

T j - j- , aij -
. i
i 1 , i 2 . (3.24) ,
i-
.

( t )

1 ( t )L 2 ( t )L
L L

(3.24)

.
.(3.14).

4200L4Y3.

: P2=45 , U=220/380 , f=50 , =0,92,

cos()=0,91, s=0,0155, I=8,14. .
.(3.15)
1 2, ,
f*=f/f
[38], .. =const.

- 81 -

.(3.14) - .

- 82 -

.(3.15) .
,

.(3.2)

.
20 50. (3.2) ,
.

,
, ,
.
(3.2)

f =50
1

6
R=0,0364

=
80,95

0,647 0,35

0,382 0,352 0,0303

- 83 -

f =20
R=0,046

0,65

0,312 0,373 0,38

0,0448

99,3
T j ij
( i 1 ) .(3.3)
(3.3)

f=50
1

0,118

0,297

1,029

5,52

33,16

14,06

1,12

-0,099

42,29

22,86

1,59

-0,137

1,12.10- 1,02.10-4 -1,10.10- -2,68.10-2

4

f=20

0,212

0,312

1,68

5,69

,
.

2,33.10- 6,13.10-5 -1,31.10- -1,58.10-2

4

- 84 -

(3.3) ,

50 20 . ,

,

20 50
.(3.16).

.(3.16) 20 50

,

.
. 10,5 .
,

155 ,47 .

,
,

- 85 -

.


.
(100%) 15% 1- 5, 7, 11, 13 15
3.17.

3.17
( 15%)
3.17 ,
5- .

3.18

- 86 -

3.5
.

()
.
, ,
,
-

[2].
,


()
.

U/f=const.
.
30%.

,
.
, ,
,
. ,
, ,

.
=90,
132, 2=4
fmax/fmin=10:1.
.
,
13-20%
.
25%.

,

- 87 -

.
.1
=132 f=5-50
.
,
2:1 (50-25 ) (
3 4) 17-20%.
, .
2:1
, , . 1,
17-20%
[2].

.3.19. (1,2) (3,4)

=132 f=5-50
: (
) , (-------)
.
10:1
()
- 30-40%. f=50
,
.

: 50 ... 2-4%,
1-2%.

,
.
:

- 88 -

=1
P2= 0,845*(fmin-1, 75)/ (fmax-1, 75)*P2; (3.25)
=2
P2= 0,86*(fmin-2,47) / (fmax-2,47)*P2;
(3.26);
=3
P2=0,872* (fmin-3,03) / (fmax -3,03)*P2. (3.27).
fmin fmax
, 2- fmax, -
. (3.25-3.27)
,
,

(fmin fmax).
, ,

(3.28)
=2/min(1-s),
min=2** fmin/ - , s0.03
.
fmax=50, (3.25-3.27)
:
=1
P2= 0,0174*(fmin-1, 75) *P2;
(3.29)
=2
P2= 0,0181*(fmin-2,47)*P2;
(3.30);
=3
P2=0,0186* (fmin-3,03)*P2.
(3.31).
:
,
, .

U/f=const :
=1
2=57,47* *min(1-s) /(fmin-1, 75);
(3.32)
=2
(3.33);
2=55,24** min(1-s) /(fmin-2,47);
=3
2= 53,76** min(1-s)/ (fmin-3,03) .
(3.34).

fmin.
, [] 121

- 89 -

. 3.20.
.
3.
1.

2. ,
.
3.
.
4.

5.

- 90 -

4. -

4.1. -

.

,
,
, ,
,
.

,
, .
(
) ,
,
[5].

()
,
,
,

, ,
,
.

()
, .

- 91 -

,

15-20% 40-45%
. -
() 5-6%.

()

,
. ,

, ,
,
[6].

25% ,
,
.

,
[5]:
(
),
(
),
;
,
,

;

,
;

- 92 -

, ,
;
, ,

, ,
;

;

,
.



, [6].

:
, ,
.

,
.
, ,
, , ..,
.

.
. .
,
-
,
,
, .

- 93 -

,
, , ,

. ,
-, .

,
,
,
.

. ,

,
.

-

, , (.1),
-
(, , , ),
[5].

,

- 94 -

.
,
, .
,

, ,
,
.

, ,
.
, , ,
,
.

( ) -,
- [21].

, 7,5 2,2 ,

( /

).

, :

- 95 -

;
;
:
, ,
;
,
;
,
( - );

4.2.

,
,

:
(4.1)

- ,

(4.1) .

.
, .. =const
(4.1)
(4.1 )

- 96 -

.

(4.2)
(4.3)

,
(4.4)

, (4.1 )
, ,
.

.
(4.1 )
. ,

- . ,

[32].
, ..
P2=const

, , :
(4.5)
(4.6)

- 97 -

, , , ,

(4.1 )
. , ,
, (4.6), , ,
, ,
, . ,

. ,
, .

,
, ..
(5.16)

(4.7)

. , (4.16)

. ,
, , , , ,
.
.
,
.

,


. ,

- 98 -

, .
,
[32].

.
, ,
.

,
.
.

. ,

.
,
.
,
.
,
, ,
.
,
, -
, , ..
,
.
.

,
, ,
.

- 99 -

,
,
, [6].

, ,

4.3. -

()

(4.8)


,
.
,
,
.
[32]

(4.9)

- 100 -

(4.10)
(4.11)

(4.12)
,
.


;
,. 1
,

10

0.620 0.628 0.635 0.642 0.650 0.658 0.667 0.675 0.690 0.7

, , :

(4.13)

. 6.1.

1.1

0.775

0.87

0.75

0.81

0.74

0.74

1.5

0.81

0.85

0.77

0.83

0.75

0.74

2.2

0.83

0.87

0.80

0.83

0.81

0.75

3.0

0.845

0.88

0.82

0.83

0.81

0.76

- 101 -

4.0

0.865

0.89

0.84

0.84

0.82

0.81

5.5

0.875

0.91

0.855

0.85

0.85

0.80

7.5

0.875

0.88

0.875

0.86

0.855

0.81

2p

1.1-1.6

1.2-1.7

1.4-2.1

, (6.1),
;
;
;
.
:

,..

, , ,
0.25;0.35 ..

4.4 -

-

.
1
.

- 102 -

, ,

(4.14)

(4.15)

:
(4.16)

(4.17)


,

, (4.18)

= 0,80-0.86,
. (4.19)

(4.20)

- 103 -

,
,

[32].

.4.1.

.4.1

Z1

2p=2

Z1

2p=4

2p=6

18

14

22

24

16

32

20

32

36

28

46

26

30

42

44

48

38

40

30

56

60

62

58

54
60

48

44

52

26

32

40

44

64

70

46

52

62

74

72

64

.

,

, (4.21)

- 104 -

;

(4.22)

(4.23)

(4.24)

(4.25)

:
; (4.26)

(4.27)

- 105 -

(4.28)

(4.29)
, ,

(4.30)

(4.31)


:
2p=2;
2p=4;
2p=6;

- ,

:
(4.32)

- 106 -

(4.33)

- .

(4.34)

I/..

(4.35)
(4.36)
(4.37)

= 1,8 ;
= 1,3 ;

(4.38)

(4.39)

(4.40)

;

(4.41)

- 107 -

()
(4.42)

.
, .

[46]:

1.0

2.5

5.0

7.5

10

10.5

0.060

0.051

0.045

0.040

0.037

0.035

(4.43)

. 10
, ,

()
(4.44)
()

(4.45)

:
1,00; 1,08; 1,16; 1,25; 1,35; 1,45; 1,56; 1,68; 1,81; 1,95;
2,10; 2,26; 2,44; 2,63; 2,83; 3,05; 3,28; 3,53; 4,10; 4,40; 4,70;

- 108 -

5,10; 5,50; 5,90; 6,40; 7,40; 8,00; 8,60; 9,30; 10,00.

.
. 4 [4].

[48]
(0.38-0.48) (4.46)

(4.47)

(4.48)

(4.49)

- 109 -

(4.50)


(4.51)

(4.52)

:
(4.53)

;(4.54)

; (4.55)

; (4.56)

(4.57)

- 110 -

(4.58)

[32].
4.5.
-
-

.
.

[48].

.
,

),

.
,
.
, ,
,
.

- 111 -

-
.
[52].

, ,
, ,
.
.
,

.
,

.

.
,

),

.
,
[54].
, ,
,
.
-

- 112 -

.
.
-


.
,
.

.
[57].

:



.

:
.

.
, ,
,
.
cos()[57].

2.2 7.5 .

. 100%

- 113 -

+-115% .
4.1.
4.2-4.19[59].

.4.1.

- 114 -

.4.2. ()7,5 ()2,2

4.2 ( )
.
7,5

(bZ2)

(ha2) 0,5%.

- 115 -

2,2
(ha2) +-5% , (bZ2)
.

.4.3. cos ()7,5 ()2,2

4.3( )
cos(phi).
7,5 (bZ2)
(ha2) cos

- 116 -

2,2 cos

cos

7,5.

.4.4. I1 ()7,5 ()2,2

- 117 -

4.4( )
.
7,5 (bZ2)
(ha2) (I1) .
2,2 (I1)
7,5.

.4.5. I2 ()7,5 ()2,2

- 118 -

4.5( )
.
7,5 (bZ2)
(ha2) (I`2) .
2,2 (I`2)
(bZ2) 10% (ha2)
10%.

- 119 -

.4.6. I ()7,5 ()2,2

4.6 ( )
.
7,5 (bZ2)
(ha2), (I ) .
2,2
7,5.

- 120 -

.4.7. M ()7,5 ()2,2

- 121 -

4.7( )
(H).
7,5
(H) (bZ2) 15%
(ha2) 15%.
2,2

(H) (bZ2) 10%

(ha2).

- 122 -

.4.8. M ()7,5 ()2,2

4.8( )
().
7,5

() (bZ2) 15%
(ha2) 5%.
2,2 ()
(bZ2)
(ha2).

- 123 -

.4.9. M ()7,5 ()2,2

- 124 -

4.9( )
.
7,5
(bZ2) 15%
(ha2) 5%.
2,2
(bZ2)
(ha2).

- 125 -

.4.10. ()7,5 ()2,2

4.10( )
.
7.5
(bZ2) 15%
(ha2) 5%.
2.2
(bZ2)
(ha2).

- 126 -

.4.11. ()7,5 ()2,2

4.11( )
.
7,5

(I)

(bZ2)
(ha2).
2,2
(I) (bZ2) 10%
(ha2).
4.6.

(L),
[68].
.

- 127 -

L=90-110% .
W=90-110%. P2=7.5
W=168 , = 0.83, P2=2.2 W=240 , = 0.8.

- 128 -

.4.12. ()7,5 ()2,2

4.12( )
.
7.5 -
(ls) 5%
(Ws) 5%. =0.85.
2.2 -
(Ws).

- 129 -

.(4.13). cos ()7,5 ()2,2

4.13( )
cos.
7.5 (ls)
(Ws), cos
2.2
7.5 .

cos

- 130 -

.4.14. I1 ()7,5 ()2,2

4.14 ( )
.
7.5 (ls)
(Ws), (I1) .
2.2 (ls)
(Ws), (I1) .

- 131 -

.4.15. I2 ()7,5 ()2,2

4.15( )
.
7.5 (ls)
(Ws), (I`2) .
2.2

(I`2)

(ls), 5%
, (Ws), 5%
.

- 132 -

.(4.16). I ()7,5 ()2,2

4.16( )
.
7.5 (I )
(ls)
(Ws).
2.2 (I )
7.5.

- 133 -

.4.17. M ()7,5 ()2,2

4.17( )
.
7.5

(MH) (ls) 10%

(Ws) 10%.
2.2

(MH) (ls) 10%

(Ws) 10%.

- 134 -

.4.18. ()7,5 ()2,2

4.18( )
.
7.5 ()
(ls)
(Ws).
2.2 ()
(ls)
(Ws).

- 135 -

.(4.19). ()7,5 ()2,2

10( )
.
7.5

(I)

(ls)
(Ws).

2.2

(I)

(ls)
(Ws).

- 136 -

[57]. 4.20.

. 4.20.

- 137 -

4.7. -
2001 .
(. ),
1,1
400 . ,
, FF1 FF2
51677-2000.

.

1100
. .. 67% , ,
, 1.5-3%
1,5 (. 2), 20 d
() ,

4.1 , 14-19%.

- .

..

r x .. R'2= R2. r X'2=

X2. x. r x
. 4.21[32].

- 138 -

4.21 r x
4.2 2.2
7.5 .
4.2.

(%)

Cos ( )

()

()

2,2

79,2

81,7

+3,06(%)

7,5

84,1

85,9

+2,1(%)

2,2

0,82

0,81

-1,23(%)

7,5

0,795

0,792

-0,38(%)

2,2

0,555

0,492

-12,8(%)

7,5

1,418

1,232

-15,1(%)

2,2

5,127

5,04

-1,73(%)

7,5

17,008

16,677

-1,98(%)

- 139 -

(o.e)

(.)

(o.e)

(o.e)
(C)

2,2

0,048

0,026

-0,022

7,5

0,0358

0,0174

-0,0184

2,2

0,96

-4,17(%)

7,5

1,05

0,97

-8,25(%)

2,2

1,401

0,944

-0,457

7,5

1,15

0,724

-0,426

2,2

1,554

2,155

0,601

7,5

1,916

2,106

0,19

2,2

72,275

62,861

-14,98(%)

7,5

100,867

84,47

-19,41(%)

2-3% .
, 12-15%.

- 140 -

4.

1.

.
2. ,


, .
3.
.

- 141 -

1.
(, , ) .(,)
, .
2.
.
3.

, .

.
4. ,
,

.
5.

S2 S3,
.
6.
,
U/f=const,.

.
7.

,
.

- 142 -

8.

, .
9.

. ,
2-3%.
10.

,
.

- 143 -

U/f=const M=const
Ust_RezimP.m
script
global f Mc U pol ZR Pz;
clc,
% TYPE OF MOTOR << 4A-132-S4-Y3 >>
% Y-CONNECTED, funtion mom1.m,
P2n= 7500;% Nominal power [Wt](Golgberg.''Proektirovanie'')
H=132; % High osi vrasenia, [mm]
%disp(['
disp(['

','LAW M=CONST']);
','========================='])

%======================================
fn=50; % [Hz], nominal frequency
m=3;

% number of phace [ o.e],

pol=2;

% number of par pole [o.e], 2p=4

w1n=2*pi*fn; %sinxron frequensy of cirquit [1/rad];

nnom=60*fn/pol; % sinxron speed [rout/min]
omegan=2*pi*fn/pol;% sinxron speed [1/c]
Un=220; % [V], nomial phace voltage
sn=0.026; % nominal slip AD,[o.e]
Mn=P2n/(omegan*(1-sn));% nominal torque [N*m]
kpdn=0.884;% nominal KPD AD,[o.e]
kosn=0.86; % nominal COS(fi) AD,[o.e]
In=P2n/(m*Un*kosn*kpdn);
mk=3; % mk=Mmax/Mnom [o.e.]

- 144 -

Bdeln=0.9;% nominal induction in air delta

mk=3; mp=1.7; ki=6.7;
Mc=Mn;% Torque of load [N*m]
%=========================================
f=fn;
%=========================================
% Input new parametrs of motor
%============================================================
disp('

After vvoda New value - push the button <<ENTER>>');

k=1;
while k<4
k=menu('What will vary ',...
sprintf('Voltage- U=%g V ',Un),...
sprintf('Frequency- f=%g Hz ',f),...
sprintf('Torque - Mc=%g N*m. ',Mc),...
'Nothinng not will vary');
if k==1,
Un=input([sprintf(' Initial value U=%g',Un)...
' V, New value U= ']);
elseif k==2,
f=input([sprintf(' Initial value f=%g',f)...
' Hz, New value f= ']);
elseif k==3,
Mc=input([sprintf(' Initial torque Mc=%g',Mc)...
' N*m, New value Mc= ']);
end
end
clc,

- 145 -

disp(['

','================================']);

%===========================================
% LAW ( Mc = const)
%===========================================
w1=2*pi*f; % frequensy of circuit [1/rad];
n1=60*f/pol; % sinxron speed [rout/min]
%============================================
% Parametrs of T -basic circuit AD
% ===========================================
Rs=0.524; % Resistance of phace stator,[Om]
Rr=0.328; % Resistance of phace rotor,[Om]
Xs=1.49*f/50; % Leakage reactance of phace stator,[Om]
Xr=1.67*f/50; % Leakage reactance of phace rotor,[Om]
Xm=38*f/50; % Main reactance of phace stator and rotor,[Om]
Rmn=2.58; % Resistance of iron losses for f=50Hz,[Om]
Rm=Rmn*(f/50)^1.5; % Resistance of iron losses,[Om]
ZR=[Rs Rr Xs Xr Xm Rm];
%Rs[om]

Xs[om]

%0.7278

1.2425

Rr[om]
0.4302

Xr[om]
1.7274

Rm[Om]

Xm[Om]

2.1262 36.5979

%=========================================================
Ws1=126; % number wound statora
ko1=0.9598;% obmotocnii koefficient
Da1=0.233; % output diametr of statora ,[M]
Di1=0.153; % input diametr of statora,[M]
li=0.115;% lenght of statora, [M]
tau=pi*Di1/2/pol;% polucnoe delenie
%=========================================
% Callculation Losses

- 146 -

%=========================================
if pol==1
kt=1.38*(1-Da1);
else
kt=1;
end
Pmex=kt*(n1^1e-3)^2*(Da1*10)^4;
%Pmexn=66.6;% [Wt];
%Pmex=Pmexn*(f/fn)^1.5;
I1nom=P2n/(3*Un*kosn*kpdn);
sin=sqrt(1-kosn^2);
I0=I1nom*(sin-kosn/(2*mk));
Pfe=3*I0^2*Rm;
Pdob=P2n/kpdn*0.005;
Pz=[Pmex Pfe Pdob];
%======================================
% Callculation charakteristik
%======================================
if f<=50
U=Un*f/fn; % input phace voltage, [V],
else
U=Un;
end
%==========================================
c1=sqrt(((Rs+Rm)^2+(Xs+Xm)^2)/(Rm^2+Xm^2));
skr=c1*Rr/(sqrt(Rs^2+(Xs^2+c1*Xr)^2));
Mkr=m*U^2*pol/(2*w1*c1*(Rs+sqrt(Rs^2+(Xs+c1*Xr)^2)));
P2kr=Mkr*w1/pol*(1-skr);

- 147 -

disp(['

','LAW M=CONST']);

disp(sprintf(['

','Mc = %g [N*M]'],Mc));

if Mc<=Mkr
[s]=feval('mom1',Mc);
%============================================
Rd=Rr/s;
gr=Rd/(Rd^2+Xr^2); gm=Rm/(Rm^2+Xm^2);Rc=1/gm;
br=Xr/(Rd^2+Xr^2); bm=Xm/(Rm^2+Xm^2);Xmu=1/bm;
gz=gr+gm; bz=br+bm;
Rz=gz/(gz^2+bz^2);Xz=bz/(gz^2+bz^2);
R=Rs+Rz; X=Xs+Xz;
Is=U/sqrt(R^2+X^2);
Ed=Is*sqrt(Rz^2+Xz^2);
%==================================
FLUX=Ed/(4.44*f*ko1*Ws1);
Bdel=FLUX/(0.64*tau*li);
%==================================
Im=Ed/sqrt(Rm^2+Xm^2);
Ir=Ed/sqrt(Rd^2+Xr^2);
cos=Is*R/U;
dP=3*(Is^2*Rs+Im^2*Rm+Ir^2*Rr);
kpd=1-dP/(3*Is^2*R);
M=m*Ir^2*Rd*pol/w1;
P1=m*U*Is*cos;
P2=(P1-dP);
P1cu=m*Is^2*Rs;
P2cu=m*Ir^2*Rr;
Pfe=m*Im^2*Rm;

- 148 -

Pdob=P2n/kpd*0.005;
%=====================================
Img=Ed/Rc;
Imr=Ed/Xmu;
Imz=sqrt(Img^2+Imr^2);
omega=2*pi*f/pol*(1-s);
%======================================
disp(['

','Steady-state rezim']);

disp(['

','=======================']);

disp(sprintf(['

','f = %g [Hz]'],f));

disp(sprintf(['

','U = %g [V]'],U));

disp(sprintf(['

','Skr = %g [o.e]'],skr));

disp(sprintf(['

','Mkr = %g [N*m]'],Mkr));

disp(['

','========================']);

disp(['

','Series connection Rm and Xm']);

disp(sprintf(['
disp(['

','Imu = %g [A]'],Im));

','=========================']);

disp(sprintf(['

','S = %g [o.e]'],s));

disp(sprintf(['

','M = %g [N*m]'],M));

disp(sprintf(['

','Omegar = %g [1/c]'],omega));

disp(sprintf(['

','P2 = %g [Wt]'],P2));

disp(sprintf(['

','Is = %g [A]'],Is));

disp(sprintf(['

','cos(fi) = %g [o.e.]'],cos));

disp(sprintf(['

','kpd = %g [o.e.]'],kpd));

disp(sprintf(['

','Bdel = %g [T]'],Bdel));

%==========================================
disp([' ============== ','Losses AD ','[WT] ===============']);
disp(['

','P1e','

','P2e','

','Pfe','

','Pmex','

','Pdob']);

- 149 -

pot=[P1cu P2cu Pfe Pmex Pdob];

disp(pot);
save 'dat0.mat' pot;
%==========================================
w11=2*pi*f/pol;
c1=sqrt(((Rs+Rm)^2+(Xs+Xm)^2)/(Rm^2+Xm^2));
s1=0:0.01:0.2;
zn1=(s1.*Rs+c1*Rr).^2+s1.^2.*(Xs+c1*Xr).^2;
Mi=m*U^2*Rr.*s1./(w11.*zn1);
figure(1)
H26=plot(s1,Mi,'-b'); grid on, hold on
set(H26,'LineWidth',2);
plot(s,M,'sr');
tt=text(s+0.01,M,'M_c');
set(tt,'FontSize',10,'FontWeight','bold');
hx26=XLABEL('s, [o.e]');
set(hx26,'FontSize',10,'FontWeight','bold');
hy52=YLABEL('Mem [N*m] ');
set(hy52,'FontSize',10,'FontWeight','bold');
ht26=title('Torque vs slip');
set(ht26,'FontSize',12,'FontName','Arial','FontWeight','bold');
disp(['

','End program' ]);

else
disp('Attention: Mc>Mkr. It is necessary decrease Mc ' )
disp(sprintf(['

','Mkr = %g [N*M]'],Mkr));

end
snom=s; % nominal slip AD,[o.e] for f
nc=n1; % sinxron speed,[rou/min]for f

- 150 -

mom1.m
function y=mom(Mc),% Callculation slips for Mc=const
global U f pol ZR;% script file Ust_Rezim.m
m=3;

% number of phace, Y-CONNECTED,

%==============================================
% PARAMETRS OF T-oi CIRCUIT AD
Rs=ZR(1); % Resistance of phace stator,[Om]
Rr=ZR(2); % Resistance of phace rotor,[Om]
Xs=ZR(3); % Leakage reactance of phace stator,[Om]
Xr=ZR(4); % Leakage reactance of phace rotor,[Om]
Xm=ZR(5); % Main reactance of phace stator and rotor,[Om]
Rm=ZR(6); % Resistance of iron losses,[Om]
% Callculation sleep s=f(Mc) po ZAICHIKU V.M. "Elektrichestvo" N7,1979
%==============================================================
w1=2*pi*f/pol;
c1=sqrt(((Rs+Rm)^2+(Xs+Xm)^2)/(Rm^2+Xm^2));
K=m*U^2/(2*w1*Mc*c1)-Rs;
zk=K+sqrt(K^2-Rs^2-(Xs+c1*Xr)^2);
y=c1*Rr/zk;

- 151 -

1. . ., . ., . .

. . 45,
1976, . 127-134.
2. . ., . ., . ., ..
,

.:

, 1977, 7, .61-123.
3. . .
. .
. 1984, 23 .
4. . ., . ., . .
. .
. - "
". , 1982,
. 42.
5. . .
. .: . 1982. 270 .
6. . .
- . . ,
() 2005.
7. . ., . ., . ., . .

. .: I . . 1987, . 9496.
8. . ., . ., . .

- 152 -

-
. , 1995 , 2, . 45-48.
9.

.,

.,

..

. , 2003, 4, . 21-26.
10. .., ., ..
. , 8, 2002, .
37-39.
11. .., .. . .
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12. . ., . ., . . .
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13. . ., . .
(). .
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