5686-94

624.154.001.4

91.100.20

5709

39

P

Soils. Field test methods by piles
1996-01-01

1 PPH H . p "p" P
p
HH p P
2 PH p - p
pp p (HK)
p p:
H p

P p
P K
Kp P
P
P p
P

H p p p p
p P p
p P K
p Kp P
pp P
p P
p P

3 H 1 p 1996 . p p P p
p P 23 p 1995 . N 18-20
4 H 5686-78, 24546-81 24942-81
1. PHH
H p ppp p ( p I) p
p (p, , -),
p p p p, p p
p.
p ppp p p
, p, p p 40 % p
-, p ,
, p .
2. HPH K

 p p :
25358-82 p. p pp
H 2.02.03-85
H 2.02.04-88 p p
3. PH
p p p:
Hp - p, p pp , p p.
- p p 114 .
- - p p 127
p.
4. H
4.1. H p p :
- p;
- , p p p.
4.2. p , p p p p,
pp, p p
p, ppp p p , ,
p , pp p, :
- p pp ;
- pp p ,
p p p p ;
- p p p p p.
p p p p p,
p p p p .
4.3. p p p p p
p pp p p,
p .
4.4. p p p
p pp .
4.5. p p , p pp
p, p 5 1 p p, p p
p pp p.
, p, p,
pp .
4.6. p p, p ,

 , p p 1,5 H p p
p (H - p p).
p p p p p
.
4.7. p p p p
S r 0,8 p p , p p
, p 5d p 3d p ( d - p pp
p ).
p - p
p p p , p ppp,
p pp, p p.
4.8. p p .
- p pp p .
p p p p p
.
4.9. p p p p ,
p p p p p, p
p, p
p p - p.
p p p p
p p p p.
p p p p- pp
p, p p p - pp pp.
5. PH PP
5.1. p , p
p p :
- p p (p pp p);
- p p p p ( p p /
p p);
- p p p p (pp p
pp).
p p p p p
pp p p pp p .
p p p .
5.2. p p -, p ,
:
- -;
- - p,
p;
- p - p p .

5.3. p pp - p p .
- p 1 .
- 12 , - - 16 . H -
p 10 p .
5.4. p p p p
p, .
5.5. p , p , p p,
p 20 % p, pp pp .
5.6. p p p p p
, p p , p.
5.7. p p , p p p p p,
p, p p p p.
5.8. p p p
pp p p p p.
5.9. p p p p .
5.10. P p p p p
p, p pp 5 pp p
(p 800 ), 2 . p p p
3d , 1,5 . - p
1 .
p 800 , p p
2d .
5.11. H p p p, p p,
0,004 p p.
5.12. - p 400
150 .
5.13. pp p p (p) (p, pp, pp
p ..) p p 0,1 .
K pp, p p ( 2 ) p
, .
p p p p pp.
5.14. p pp p p p 0,3 . p
p p pp p 2 p 4 .
p p p 1-1,5 .
5.15. p p p p, p
p p , p p ,
pp pp , 20 %.
5.16. pp, p p p,
ppp p pp p . p p
p p p.
5.17. p p p p pp p p
25358.
pp p p p p, p
, pp - p , p p ,

1 p. p p pp p
p .
6. K K H
6.1. , p , p
.
6.2. p p pp
.
6.3. , p p, p
p p p pp 0,2 , ,
p 15 %.
6.4. pp , p p,
p pp, p p p
p p , 1/100 p
2 .
6.5. p p p
p p: p pp p pp
15 , p p .
6.6. - p p p pp p
p 6 . p p
p 10 6 pp .
6.7. p p (p ,
p p p p ) p
pp 1,0 p (p p
p - 2 ). p p .
6.8. p , p p p, p p pp
p.
6.9. p p p
p .
6.10. p p p p, p pp
p 1 p (p ). p p
0,5 , - 1,1 1,5 .
p 6 p p p p p
p p p p . p
p 20 , - 0,8l , l - p . p
p p p . p p p
p p p , p
.
6.11. P p 20
. p . p, p p,
p pp p p p
p p p p,
p p p p p 1 p . Kp
p p p . p
p S r 0,8 .
6.12. p p p p p p,
p p, p p , p

 pp p .
6.13. p p p p p
pp - p, pp (p
p p pp, pp p ,
p p ..) pp p.
6.14. p p, p p p p
p p p pp p pp
p p 1 , p .
7. H PH HK HPK
7.1. p (p p) p p
pp p ,
, p , p p
p p.
p p p p p
p pp 1 , p p.
pp p p p 1 . p
pp p p p .
p p p p
p pp p.
7.2. p
7.2.1. p p,
p .
7.2.2. p :
- p - p p p
p, p - 10 p;
- p pp - p p p, p p 10 p;
- p p "", .. pp
.
7.2.3. p "" pp ,
pp p p , :
3 - p p, p ;
6 - p pp p.
p
1 p pp , p p p p,
p p p ""
p 1 .
2 p p "" :
- p pp - 10 ;
- p pp p - - 20 .

7.2.4. p 3 5 p. p
p p. p p p
.
7.2.5. - p p
p ( 50 p 10 p).
p - pp p
p p . p p p
p 0,5 1 p. p
p 5.
7.2.6. p p, p p p p .
7.3. p p
P p p
p (p ).
p p:
- p - 1, p 1 ;
- p - 1 , p 1 , 50 p p ; 1 p
pp.
8. H PH K
, P PHH
HPK
8.1. p "" 7.2.3. ,
p p , p pp , p,
p 1 p.
p (p) p
80% p p.
8.2. p p p
8.2.1. Hp (p, -) p pp,
p, p, p pp , p
1/10 pp p . p p
p p, p , p p
p p p p p 1/5 p.
8.2.2. H p p pp p
p : - p p , p - p
p p, p p 30 p
p ( p).
p p - p
: p - p p p,
p 15 p 30 p.
P pp p:
50% - p 1 ;
30% - p 1 5 ;

20% - p 5 .
8.2.3. pp p p p p p
p, p 0,1 :
- 60 , p p
p ;
- 2 , p
.
p p pp p p , p 0,1
:
- 30 - p p p, p
p ;
- 60 - p p p p
.
pp p p -
p p p, p 0,1 :
- 15 , p p
;
- 30 , p p
;
- 60 , p
.
8.2.4. Hp p p , p p
40 . p -
20 .
p p p,
p p p , pp pp
, p , p p,
p p p.
p - p p p
, pp pp .
p p p p p p p
p p.
8.2.5. p p II p p
p p 20 ,
p p p p - p ( ,
p ) 12 .
p "" p, p
8.2.1, p 15 .
p p p p
p .
p III p p
p, 8.2.3, , ppp p p
.
8.2.6. Pp (p, -) p

p (8.2.4) , p p, p
15 .
pp p p p pp p 15
.
pp ( ) p p p
30 p p, , 60 p p,
p 15 .
8.2.7. p - p. p
p p p .
8.2.8. p p, p p p p .
8.3. p p p p p
p p
p p p p p p
p p p p,
p p, p,
, pp 8.2.
P p p p p p .
8.4. p p p p
Hp p p p p p
, p 1/8 p , p 1 . Pp
p 4 p 10 .
H p p p p p p ,
p . p p p
, pp p.
8.5. p p p p
8.5.1. p p p ,
pp p p pp, (p)
p .
, p p p
p. p p "" p
p 7.2.3.
8.5.2. p p , p p p
p p, p p p p p , p p
p p p pp
p.
8.5.3. Hp p p pp p
p 8.2.1 8.2.2 p .
8.5.4. pp p p p p
p p p 0,1 2 -
p (p ), p - 0,1
.
8.5.5. Hp p p p p p p
p , p 25 .
8.5.6. Hp p p p p p p
p p p p , p .

8.5.7. p p, p p p p .
8.6. p p p p
8.6.1. pp p p p
, p , : p p p (
p - p ) p p p p.
8.6.2. Hp p p pp p
p 8.2.1 8.2.2 p .
8.6.3. pp p p p p p
p p p, p 0,1 2
pp, p p p p p.
p , p
p, pp p, pp. p p
p p 5 .
8.6.4. Hp p p p p p p
p , p p
40 p p p, pp .
8.6.5. Hp p p p p p p
p p p p , p .
8.6.6. p p, p p p p .
8.7. p p
8.7.1. P p p p p (,
, p p) (
II III) p p p p p
(p K, ).
p p III p
p p p (p H).
8.7.2. p p p p p:
- p - 1 , p 1 ;
- p - 1 , p 50 H (5 ) p; 1 , p 10 p p.
-:
- p - 1 , p 1 ;
- p - 1 , p 25 H (2,5 ) p 30 p p.
- p p (4.9) p
.
8.7.3. p p p p p:
- p - 1 , p 1 ;
- p - 1 , p 50 H (5 ) p; 1 , p 10 p p.
8.7.4. p p p p p:
- p - 1 , p 5 H (0,5 ) p; 1 , p 10 p p;

- p - 1 , p 1 p p .
8.7.5. p p p p
p p H 2.02.03.
9. H HP PH K
P HPK
9.1. p p p
p. p p p pp pp
p p pp, pp pp .
p p p p
, p - p 80% p p.
9.2. H p p p ,
.
9.3.

9.3.1. p p p p pp
p p.
9.3.2. Hp p pp, p, p,
p p pp , p 1/5 pp
p p p 1/10 - p.
9.3.3. H p pp p p
: - p p , p - p
p p, p 30 , 1, 2, 4, 8, 16 24 p 24 .
P pp p , 8.2.2.
9.3.4. K p p p (, )
, 24 .
pp p p p ()
p, p 0,2 24 .
9.3.5. Hp , p p p
p p. p
(), p p p ()
p p 25 10 .
p , pp , p
() 0,2 /, .
9.3.6. Pp p , p
p. p pp p 15 .
9.3.7. p pp p pp
9.3.6. pp p p p p p
15 p pp p, p 0,01 . pp
p, p, p p p pp .
9.3.8. p p, p p p p .
9.4. p

9.4.1. Hp p p, p p
9.3.2, p 24 .
9.4.2. H p pp p p
, 9.3.3 p 24 .
9.4.3. Hp , p p () p
p. p p p p ,
pp pp .
9.4.4. p p, p p p p .
9.5.
p p p, p p
p p p p
p p.
P p p p P.
9.6. p p
9.6.1. P p p :
- p-p pp p pp p ()
pp p (p ). p
p p p ;
- p p (, ) p (p );
- p p p p (p ).
9.6.2. p p:
- p - 1 , p 1 p-p pp, 1 p
1 p (, ) ;
- p - 1 , p 0,2 () 1 pp p -
p-p pp; 100 H (10 ) p 5 p p.
9.6.3. p p p
p p p p .
PH
()
PH K PP H
PH
1 pp p (p, , -), p
p p p, :
- p p , , p p;
- p p- p p
p;
- pp pp p p;
- p p p , pp
p;

- p p p ppp
pp;
- p p- p p , ,
p p pp;
- p p , p p p
p , p .
2 pp p p p
p p:
- p , p pp;
- p p;
- p p ;
- p , p p p p- .
3 pp p pp:
- p ;
- ;
- p ;
- p p p ;
- p p p (, p,
p p);
- p, , pp p , p, p
(p p p);
- p p ;
- , p, pp, p, p p p .
p - K p p :
- p p - 1 % ,
6 .;
- p p - 0,5 %
, 2 .;
- p p p p - 2 .
4 pp p , p p,
p:
- pp ;
- p p;
- p p ;
- , pp p p p.
5 pp p -

p , .
PH
(p)
PHH HK
H PH
p
p
,

1 - ; 2 - p ; 3 - pp
pp; 4 - p p; 5 p, ; 6 - p p; 7 - p;
8 - p (p p); 9 - pp p;
10 - pp p; 11 - p -

PH
(p)

 KHPK HH
-H

1 - ( );
2 - ;
3 - ; 4

1 - ( ); 2 - ; 3 - ; 4 -
; 5 - ; 6 - ;7 -
; 8 - ; 9 - ; 10 -

PH
(p)
PH PK
KH H PH

 HH

1 - ; 2 - p;
3 - p
PH
(p)
p ___________________ _______________________
______________________
p __________________

PH
p p
:

"___" ___________ 199 ___ .

"___" ___________ 199 ___ .

N ________________

______________

"___" ___________ 199 ___ .

p _________

Kp ____________________________

_______________________

() ________________________
_____________

(p)
p _______
p
______________________ p p p
_____________________

 ( p)
______________________

p p
___________________________

p _________

________________

___________

p ____________

p pp ___________

p p
(p, p.) ______

1 10

p N ___________________

p "___" ______ 199 ___ .

- _____

P p
____________________

- ______________
- p p ____

Kp pp p ________
- pp p __________

______________________________ _____________________________
______________________________ _____________________________
______________________________ _____________________________
______________________________ _____________________________
______________________________ _____________________________
______________________________ _____________________________
pp (p _____________________________
p) _______________ pp _________

p "",

p
p,

3
5

p p
(p,
p.)_________________________
p ,

 p- p
p

p pp _________ p.; ___________ p.

H p_________________ ____________
()
(...)
H
_________________ ____________
()
(...)
_________________ ____________
()
(...)
p p,
_________________ ___________
()
(...)

PH
(p)
P PK PH P
H PH HK
HPK

PH
(p)
p _____________________

____________________
____________________
p _______________

PH
p ,
p p p

"___" ___________ 199 ___ .

"___" ___________ 199 ___ .

N ________________

______________

"___" ___________ 199 ___ .

p _________

p p ___

_____ __________________________________
(p)
p, p p p __ p p ________
( p) _____ _________________________________
p _____________ :
_______________ - p

_______________________________

p N ______________
- p
p "___" ___ 199__.
_______________________________
P p
_________________
-
Kp pp _________________________________
p- p- p p
p p
________________________________
_____________________ __________________________________
_________________________ p_________________________ () ______________________
_________________________ __________________________________
pp ___
p ()
pp (p - _______________________________
p)______ pp p p __________________________
__________________________________
__________________________________
p pp
p p , p
p- p
p

( p p)
e _________________ N __________________ p. _________

p
p,
,

Hp, H ()

pp,

t ,

S1

....

Sn

S2

p
p

S1 S 2 ... S n
n

pp
p

S,

S,

p
p

t,

___________
n* - pp.
( p p)
p N _____ _____ H () p N ____ ___ ()
p __________________ .
p __________ ()
Hp
p

p, H ()

p,
H ()

p,H()

1
2
...
...
...
...
m

m - p
p pp _____ p., _______ p.
H p
______________ ______________
()
(...)
H
______________ ______________
()
(...)
______________ ______________
()
(...)

PH
(p)
PKH PH KPHH
H PH K
HPK PK HPH
1 p p p p p
p p p p
, p p p
p .

p
,

<3
3 - 10

,
0,5
1,0


p, p

>10
<6
6 - 12
>12

3,0
1,0
2,0
4,0

<6
6 - 12
>12

1,5
3,0
5,0

2 ( a1 , a 3 .. p. 1) p p p
(p p ), pp p
p : p p ( ), p - p
, p p 5 p
10 p (pp p p - a 2 , a 4 ..
p. 1).
3 pp p p p
p, p p pp pp p
p.
p p p p
p 8.2 p . p
p .
4 p 40 p 20
p, pp pp .
5 Pp p (. 4) , p 1/5 p
p p 5 .
pp p p p pp p 5
.
6 p p p, p p . p
p p p p.
7 P p p p p
p p .
p p p S f P p p
(p. 1 2).
8 p p p p
p p p p. 5 H 2.02.03.
( p p)
e _________________ N __________________ p. ______

p

- p, p p

pp,

....

S1

S2

Sn

t,

(),

S1 S 2 ... S n

p
pp
p
S ,

Hp, H ()

P
p
p

p
p

t ,

_________
*n - pp.

1 - S

 2 -

PH K
(p)

P PK PH P
H PH K
HPK
1
S

S ( )

2 -
S

S
t (
)

p - p S f P S p P p
p p II III -
p.

PH
(p)
P PK PH P
H PH K P
HPK

t( )

PH
(p)
P PK PH P
H PH K
PHH HPK

P


t
( )

PH H
(p)
PH K H P
H PH HH
P p III p p
p p p

d s
Fs CR
R A cf f s uh ,

(1)

Fs - p p p s, p p p, H;
s

CRd - p p , p 1
p p p s (
d
d - p p );

R s - p p p s , ;
A - p p , .;
cf - p p p , p p

cf

cfi li
h

cfi - p i- p p , p .
2 p p p f s p s
;

li - i- p, ;

- p p p p p
s , ;

u - pp p p , ;

h - p p , .
1
s

d
p CR p -

p p

R s ,

d
1

10

0,005

0,78

0,58

0,38

0,28

0,18

0,17

0,17

0,16

0,16

0,15

0,010

1,00

0,75

0,57

0,45

0,35

0,27

0,20

0,18

0,18

0,17

0,015

1,30

0,95

0,75

0,62

0,50

0,44

0,38

0,32

0,30

0,28

0,020

1,60

1,17

0,95

0,78

0,68

0,60

0,55

0,45

0,38

0,36

0,040

1,75

1,35

1,10

0,95

0,80

0,72

0,65

0,62

0,59

0,57

0,080

1,95

1,50

1,22

1,08

0,90

0,80

0,75

0,70

0,65

0,62

2
p cf p
p

p p p

20

f s ,

40

60

80

100

120

140

2,16

1,38

1,12

1,00

0,92

0,87

0,83

1,45

0,97

0,79

0,70

0,65

0,62

0,59

p p p p
p III p p p p. 5
H 2.02.03.
PH
(p)
p _______________________ ___________________
____________________
p _______________
PH
p p
p p
:

N ________________

"___" ___________ 199 ___ .

"___" ___________ 199 ___ .
p

______________

"___" ___________ 199 ___ .

p _________

p p ___

____________________________________

_______________________
p, p (p)
p p (pp
) ___________________________
______________________
_________________________________
( p)
______________________
________________________________

 p _________

p :
p _______________________

___________

________________________

p p
___________________

p __________________

p ____________ N
p "___" ___ 199__.
P p
_____________

:
p ___
p ___
_____________

p ________
Kp pp p-p
p p ________
pp pp p p p _________________
____________________________
__________________________
__________________________
p__________________________
() _________________
p
p p
______________________

_______________________

p p
p _________________
p- _____________
pp p:
p p p
p __________
p _______________________
___________________________
____________
pp p ________
___________________________

,
-

( p p)
e _________________ N _______________ p. _________

p
p p, ,
-

pp,

p,
H ()

S1

S2

S1 S 2 ...+S n

....

Sn


t ,

p
p
pp
p

S1 S 2 ... S n
,
S
n

S,

S,

p
p

t ,

______
n* - pp.
pp p, , h

pp-

h1

h2

...

h' ,

p p

hn

h1

h2

...

hn (

( p p)
p N _____ ____ H () p N ___ _____ ()
p __________________ .
p __________ ()
Hp

p,

H ()

p, H ()

p, H
()

1
2
...
...
...
...
m
m - p
p pp _____ p., _______ p.

pp p p,

H p
_____________ ____________
() (...)
H
_____________ ____________
() (...)
_____________ ____________
() (...)
PH P
(p)
PKH PH KPHH H
HP PH K HPK
HPK PH
1 p p p p
p p p 5.1. p p
p p, p p, 0,002 p
p.
2 Hp p (p. 1) p, p p,
p p p 1/8 p p
p, p , p
p, p p H 2.02.04. K p p
4 , p p p p .
3 H p pp p p
: p p ( ), p - p
p p, p p 15 p
.
4 Hp p ( p), p
p p p.
p p. pp p p
p p, p 0,02 p p 4 .
5 p p p, p p . p
p p p p.
6 P p p p p p
p.
7 p p p p
p p p p p p P f t
p , p p p p.

( p p)
____________ _____________________ p. __________

p, p
,
p

Hp

,
P, H
()

t ,

pp,
p- - p
p

pp

p p,

p p,

S1

()

pp p, , h

P H,

S2

pp-

h1'

h2'

...

S ,

h' ,

p p

hn'

h1

h2

...

hn (

P 1 - p p P p t

PH
(p)
P PK PH
HHPH-KPK PP H
HP PH

PH
(p)

P PK PH P
H HP PH
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p p p 9.4.3;

k t - , pp , p p 0,65;
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