Интернет магазин

..
..
, ,
--
2015
- www.phoenixbooks.ru
373.167.1:53
22.372
444
85
85
..
. , , / .. ,
.. . . 4-. / : , 2015.
157 . : . ( ).
ISBN 978-5-222-24759-4
, ,
. ,
.
, , , ,
.
ISBN 978-5-222-24759-4
373.167.1:53
22.372
: .., .., 2011

: , 2014
1.
1.1.

.

; = const; a = 0.
:
S = x x0,
x0, x .
:

r = x x 0.

S = r = x x 0
.
0 0
0
:

x = x 0 0t.
:

r
=
,
t

r ;
t , .

r.
:

r
= lim = lim
= r (t ),
t 0
t 0 t

; .
3
. , ,
S
,
t
S ;
t , .

x
x =x=x
x0 -V
+ t
t
0
S = t
S = t
= const
x0
. .
.

( ):

= 1 + 2 ,

;

1 ;

2
.

a = const.
1.

0
a=
, 2
t

0 ;
t ,
.
:

at 2

x = x 0 + 0t +
.
2
:

= 0 + at.

a = const; const; a > 0.
:
at 2
x = x 0 + 0t +
.
2
:
= 0 + at.
:
at 2
S = 0t +
.
2

: 0 > 0, a > 0, . . 0 , a
.

= 0 + at
x=
x0 + t+at
0t +/2at2/2 x
x=x+v
2
ax
X0
0
ax = const > 0
S
t
. , ,

a = const; const; a < 0.
:
at 2
x = x 0 + 0t
.
2
:
at 2
S = 0t
.
2
:
= 0 at.

:
0 > 0, a < 0, . . 0

, a .

ax
x = x0 + 0t at /2
2
= 0 at
x0
0
ax = const < 0
S
0

.
g < 0 ;
g > 0 .
:
g = 9, 81

gt 2

y = y 0 + 0t +
.
2
1.
,
0
0 = 0
H
g
0
0 0

y = y 0 + 0t +
(S = h)
h = 0t +
0 = 0
gt 2
2
gt 2
2
y = y0 +
gt 2
2
= 0 + gt
gt 2
2
= gt
2 20 = 2gh
2 = 2gh
h=
,
y
0 = 0
hmax

gt 2
y = y 0 + 0t
2
(S = h)
gt 2
h = 0t
2
0 0
0 = 0
= 0 gt
t max =
0
g
2 20 = 2gh
h max =
20
2g
. , ,
S
X
x
h
y
tg =
y
y
x
(0x = 0).
Y (0y = 0) W.

= x +y

y = gt

gt 2
x = x 0 + 0t; y = y 0 +
2

x = 0 ; y = gt
(S = h)
x = 0
= 02 + g 2 t 2
S = 0t; h =
gt 2
2
,
Y
0y
0 y
x
0x
0y
h
S
hm
0x
1.
(0x = 0cos).
Y (0y = 0sin).
hmax .
hmax .
x = x 0 + 0 t cos
y = y 0 + 0 sin t
S = 0 t cos
h = 0 sin t
gt 2
2
gt 2
2
y = 0 sin gt
x = 0 x = 0 cos
= 02 2gh

sin
t = 0
g

h max =
02 sin 2
2g
S max =
02 sin 2
g
t = t =
t =
0 sin
g
2 0 sin
g

M1
R
M2

a
. , ,
:
n 1 =
;
t c
n ;
t , .
=
.
t
, [c];
n
t
1
2
T = T = T =
.
n

T=

,
,
t
c
;
t .
2 n
= 2 = .
t
t

=
S
2 R
= ,
;
t
T
S = 2R ;
t = T .
2 R
= 2R =
T
.
=
:
= R.
. ,
(
):
a=
2
a = 2R, = 42 2R.
R
10
7.
7.1. . .

.
: .
: m n = 1, 675 10 27 ;
mn
= 183.
me
.
N.
.
: Z e = 1, 6 10 19 .
: m = 1, 6726 10 27 ;
mn
= 1836.
me
Z.
.
: e = 1, 6 10 19 .
: m = 9,110 31 .

() (n).
,
.
().
A = Z + N,
N ;
Z .
(),
+Z. (Z
.)
132
7.
1014 1015 ,
Z .
().
:
Z ( );
( );
;
.

.
, 141
99
43
61 Pm.
, .
:
1) ;
2) (
, 1015 ;
100 );
3) (
, ,
, );
4) (
, );
5) (. . ,
).
, ,

Zmp Nmn,
.
M < Z m p + N mn .
133
. , ,
, .
m = Z m p + N m n M.
,
, ,
:
E = mc 2 .
, 1 .
E
E = .
7.2. .

()
.
,
, 83 (. . Z > 83).
,
.
.

:
-. - ( 24 ),
. . . - . , -,
107 /;
-. , 108 / 0,999 . 134

1. ...................................................................................... 3
1. .......................................................................................... 3
1.1. .................................................................................... 3
1.2. . ....................... 11
1.3. ..........................................................................19
1.4. .....................................................................25
1.5. .
.....................................................29
2. ....................36
2.1. - ..............36
2.2. .............................................................41
2.3. . .
.................................................................48
3. ..............................................53
3.1. ...........................................................................53
3.2. .........................................................59
3.3. .................................................62
3.4. ...........................................................................75
3.5. ......................................................82
4. ...............................................................84
4.1. ...........................................................84
4.2. . .........................................................88
4.3. .
........................................................................90
4.4. ..........................................................96
5. ........................................................................................100
5.1. ............................................................100
5.2. ................................................................104
5.3. ....................................................................... 111
5.4. ...................................... 119
6. ................................................................123
6.1. - ..........................................123
6.2. . ..................................................124
6.3. ............................................................................126
156
7. .......................................................132
7.1. . . ...............132
7.2. . ..............134
7.3. .............................................................135
7.4. ...............................................137
7.5. . ..............138
7.6. ......................................................................140
7.7. . . .............141
7.8. .
................................................................143
................................................................................146
..........................................................................155
157
, ,
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