: .

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Copyright 20062012

[d] day

[:] barn

[b] back

[] sing

[] they

[r] red

[d] jump
[f] few

[g] gay
[h] hot
[j] yet

[k] key
[l] led

[m] map
[n] nod

[p] pen
[s] son

[] about

[] pot

[:] bird

[] note

[a] bite

[] she

[] pit

[a] now

[t] tea

[i:] sheep

[a] tire

[t] chat

[] here

[a] tower

[] thing

[u:] boot

[:] born

[v] view

[u] put

[] boy

[w] wet

[z] zero

[] bad

[u] poor

[e] bed

[] measure

[] cut

[e] there

[e] make

26 .
A [e]

B [bi:]

C [si:]

D [di:]

I [a]

J [de]

K [ke]

L [el]

E [i:]

M [em]

Q [kju:]
U [ju:]

X [eks]

F [ef]

N [en]
R [:]

V [vi:]

Y [wa]

G [di:]
O []
S [es]

W [dblju:]
Z [zed, zi:]

H [et]
P [pi:]
T [ti:]

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. 2

I
II
+ r + + r +

A tape [e]

tap []

car [:]

care [e]

U mute [ju:]

nut []

fur [:]

cure [ju]

O note []

not []

E eve [i:]
I

for [:]

bed [e]

fine [a]

her [:]

hit []

Y byte [a]

fir [:]

myth []

myrrh [:]

more [:]
here []
fire [a]

tyre [a]

() (voiceless/voiced consonants)
[f]

[v]

[p]

[b]

[k]
[s]
[t]
[]

[t]
[]

[g]
[z]

[d]
[]

[d]
[]

[m]

[l]

[j]

[w]

[n]

[]

[r]

[h]

() (vowels)
[:]

[]

[u:]

[u]

[:]
[i:]

[]
[]

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. 3

[e]

[]

[:]

[]

[e]

[a]

[]

[]

[u]

[e]

[a]

[]

, . .
. . , .

[:]

pass, dance, bath, clerk, dark, bar

[]

bag, bad, grammar, pattern, hand

[]

[e]
[]

[:]
[i:]
[]

[:]
[]

[u:]
[u]

cut, blood, love, some, done, uncler

pen, test, end, pencil, merry

Japan, elephant, mother, humour, fire

turn, year, worth, skirt, term

seen, bean, ski, priest, meter, receive, meet

pin, sit, litter, Italy

pork, score, for, more, fall, saw, ought

dog, gone, bottom, bottle, philosophy
you, boot, prove, flue, few

good, put, pull, push, cushion

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Copyright 20062012

. 4

( )
[a]

eye, byte, bite, die, night, try

[]

boy, toy, boil, oyster

[e]
[]
[a]
[]

[u]
[e]

day, pain, state, betray, aim

own, bone, soap, toe, post

our, tower, down, loud, plough

ear, dear, deer, pier, beard
tour, poor, cure, sure

air, bare, wear, fair, fairy

[]

three, think, thought, month, author

[]

sure, push, bishop, session, station, musician

[]
[]

[]

[p]
[b]

[m]
[w]
[f]

[v]
[s]

[z]
[t]

[d]
[n]
[l]

[r]

[k]

[g]
[h]

that, this, other, mother, booth

genre, garage, decision, vision, division

uncle, ankle, string, bring, trying
piece, place, supper, clip, ship

boy, bottle, labour, double, stub

my, humour, lamb, time, sum

window, where, swallow, twice, quick

fever, photo, suffer, laugh, staff
veal, vase, stove, cover, glove
sit, peace, pass, scene, lesson

zoo, zipper, jazz, scissors, season

two, try, twist, battle, settle
die, dog, saddle, sad, mud

nine, knit, gnat (), sign, funny

lead, list, flirt, fly, doll

rat, ride, dream, pirate, ferry

cat, kid, clock, accept, axe

guide, give, segment, dog, frog

high, here, who, how, unhappy

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. 5

[j]

yes, yet, pure, cute, suit

[t]

chess, chin, bitch, pinch, butcher

[d]

jazz, just, page, danger, bridge

.
, , . , ,
.
a ( ) []

bag, bad, hand

arr []

barrel

a (: ) []
wa ( x, ck, g) []

i ( , r) [a]

y ( , r) [a]
y ( ) [a]
ind [a]
igh [a]
ild [a]

ign [a]

i ( ) []

i (: , r) []
y ( ) []

y ( , /) []

e ( , /) []
ind []

e ( ) [i:]
ee [i:]
ea [i:]
ie [i:]
ei [i:]

e ( ) [i:]
e ( ) [e]

have

wax, wagon, wacky

fine, pie

type, bye

my, sky, fly

kind, mind, blind, find, wind ()

high, might, flight, sigh, night
child, wild
sign

sit, fit, hit

give

myth

synonym
begin

wind ()
eve, meter

steel, meet, see, reel, heel, beet, reed, feet

steal, meat, sea, real, heal, beat, read, feat
piece, believe, relief, priest, grief

ceiling, seize, receive, deceive, perceive

he, me, be, she
set, theft

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Copyright 20062012

. 6

ea [e]

pleasant, heavy

a ( ) [e]

cake, make, rate

ead [e]
ei [e]

ey [e]
ai [e]

ay [e]

eigh [e]
ould [u]
ook [u]

ood [u]

u ( ) [u]
ull [u]

ru ( ) [u:]
lu ( ) [u:]
ju ( ) [u:]
oo [u:]

ou [u:]

ew ( l, r, j) [u:]
ough [u:]
ew [ju:]
eu [ju:]

u ( ) [ju:]
o ( ) []
oll []

wa ( ) []

wha ( ) []
or + [:]
or + [:]
oor [:]

our + ( r) [:]
aw [:]
au [:]

aught [:]
ought [:]

head, bread, dead

vein, rein

grey, obey, prey, survey ()

main, rain, mail, hail, sail

day, May, say, pay, betray

weigh, freight, neighbour, sleigh ()

would, should, could
book, cook

hood, food, good

put, pull

pull, full, bull

rule

blue

June

boot, tooth, food, loop, troops, fool

soup

flew, brew ( )
through

few, news, nephew, stew, steward

European, euro
mute, cute

hot, box, bottle

doll

was, want, wash

what

pork, fork, passport

more, adore, ignore

door, floor
source

crawl, awful, lawn, law, paw

autumn, audit, author, pause, launch

naughty, daughter, slaughter ()

bought, brought, fought, thought

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Copyright 20062012

. 7

orse [:]

horse, worse

whar + [:]

wharf ()

war + [:]
all [:]

alk [:]

ald [:]
oi []

oy []

ar + [:]
alf [:]

ass [:]
ast [:]

alm [:]
ath [:]

ask [:]

eart [:]
asp [:]

arm [:]
ant [:]

ir + [a]

yr + [a]

y + ( ) [j]

y ( ) [j]
er + [:]

ur + [:]
ir + [:]

yr + [:]

ear + [:]
eard [:]

wor ( ) [:]
ere [:]

er + []
eard []
eird []

ear ( ) []

war, warm, ward

mall ( ), stall ()
walk, talk, chalk, stalk ()
bald

coin, point, soil, noise, voice

boy, toy, joyful, enjoy, employ

dark, car, farm, part, garden
calf, half

pass, class
past, cast

palm, calm
path, bath
task, ask
heart
gasp

harm
plant

tire, mire ()
tyre

young, yesterday
toy, boy, ray

berth, term, germ, service, her

turn, burn, nurse, curse, surface

bird, third, birthday, girl, flirt
myrrh ()
earl

heard

worm (), work

were

mere, sincere, severe, sphere

beard
weird

ear, clear, dear, near

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Copyright 20062012

. 8

eer []

deer, cheer (), peer ()

air [e]

chair, air, fair, hair, pair

ear [e]
are [e]

er + [e]
eir [e]

ure [ju]
ure [u]
our [u]
oor [u]
ou [a]

ow [a]

own [a]

our [a]

ower [a]

o ( ) []

o ( ) []
o ( , ) []
old []
ow []
oa []

ough []
olk []
oll []

ost []

ove ( ) []

ar ( , ) []
or ( , ) []
er ( ) []

ur ( ) []
a ( ) []
o ( ) []

u ( ) []
on ( ) []

ome ( ) []

pear, bear, wear, tear, swear

bare, ware (), careful, share

there, where
heir, their

cure, pure, lure, endure, secure

sure

pour

poor, boor

loud, proud, ground, sound, pound

down, town, brown, crown, row
gown, brown

our, sour, flour

power, tower
note

go, no, so

photo, tomato

old, cold, gold, folder, soldier

crow, row, low, own, mow

soap, goat, moan, boat, coat

though
folk
roll

post, most, host

stove, rove ()
popular
actor

yesterday, waiter
Saturday
about

control
album

son, London

some, come

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. 9

ove ( ) []

love, dove, glove

ouple []

couple

ouble []
ood []
ull []

ough [f]
l [l]

sh []

su ( ) []
ssure []
cious []
cian []
sion []
tion []
ch [t]

tch ( ) [t]
ture [t]
zh []

s ( , i, u) []
sure []
sion [n]
ough [f]
ph [f]

ght [t]
s [s]

s ( ) [s]
ps [s]

c ( e, i, y) [s]
sc [s]
ss [s]

sw [s]
st [s]

stle [sl]
kn [n]

gn [n]

trouble, double
blood
dull

enough, rough, tough, slough ()

crawl, law, fly

ship, she, push, bush, mushroom

sure, sugar
pressure
precious

musician

pension, passion, session, tension

station, intention, nation, sensation

chair, pinch (), champaign
fetch, match

nature, culture, furniture, literature

Zhukov

visual, usual

pleasure, leisure, measure, treasure

vision, division, decision, invasion
enough, rough, tough

photo, phone, physics, philosophy

fight, knight, sight
sister, sound, see
cats

psycho, psychology

cent, precios, cinema

scene, science
pass, class
answer

listen, fasten

whistle, castle, bustle ()

knit (), know, knife, knot ()

gnat (), gnaw ()

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Copyright 20062012

. 10

th []

that, other, mother, weather

g ( e, i, y) [g]

give, get

th []

g ( a, o, u) [g]
gue [g]
gui [g]

gu ( ) [gw]
c ( a, o, u) [k]
k [k]

ck [k]

ch [k]
x [ks]

x [gz]

sk [sk]

sch [sk]
sc [sk]

squ [skw]
qu [kw]
wr [r]

ed ( ) [d]
ed ( t, d) [d]

g ( e, i, y) [d]
age [d]

ege [d]

j ( ) [d]
dg [d]
ng []

ng [g]
nk [k]
nc [k]

mb [m]
ph [v]

wh [w]

who [h]
kh [h]

third, three, path, bath, author

game, gold, gum
dialogue
guide

language

cold, cave, cure

keep, seek

clock, kick, sick, chicken, truck

chemistry, stomach, chorus
box, fox, wax

exam, exhibit
skate, skill

scheme, school
scarf, scare
squirrel

quite, quick, request, queen, require

wrong, write, wrap, wreath ()

turned

waited, nodded

general, gin, gym

cottage, village
college

jeans, joy

knowledge, fridge, bridge, budget

lung, strong, taking, song, string
single, jungle

tank, bank, think, pink, sink

uncle, anchor, function, sanction

numb, thumb, limb, climb, tomb
nephew

why, white, where, when

who, whom

Tchinghiz Khan

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Copyright 20062012

. 11

ed ( , t) [t]

watched, looked

s ( , i, u) [z]

music, physics

z [z]

s ( ) [z]
es () [z]

zoo, zebra, zone

dogs, rolls

watches, bases

, e : die, mate, bottle.
e, , e [i:]: me, he, she.
ee, [i:]:
fee, employee, addressee.
.
, , (me, tea, play),
, (place, mute, nice).
:
a [e]

mate

u [ju:]

mute

e [i:]

u [u:]
i [a]

y [a]

o []

eve

flute, rule
bite

byte

note

, , (pot, tip),
u1076 (doctor, lord).

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Copyright 20062012

. 12

:
a []

map

u []

nut

e [e]
i []

y []

o []

set
hit

myth
box

.
a s, , [:]: pass, master, past, task, fast.
a th [:]: path, rather, father.
a w [z]: want, was, wander ().
a l + [:]: walk, also, false ().
alf [:]: calf, half.
a, i, y + le
[e]: table, maple, cycle, idle, title.
o m, n, th, v []: dove, love, month, London, some.
-ost []: most, host, post.
, , : put, pull, push, u [u],
give, i [w].
y [a]: sky, fly, type.
y []: happy, truly, noisy.

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Copyright 20062012

. 13

y []: myth, rhythm, system.

e ( er []) []: begin.

s [s] : sit, set, cats, maps.
s [z] : bees, flies, beds, plans.
x [gz] : exam, exist, exact.
x [ks]: box, except, text.
gu [g]: guest, guard.

w, r: wrong, write, wrist.
g k, n: knight, knife, gnat, gnaw.
wh, h : what, where, white.
, wh o, w, h: who, whose, whom, whole.

ng [g] : angry, finger, singer.

er, re, or []: mother, doctor, centre.
our []: colour, favour.
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Copyright 20062012

. 14

ous ou [s]: precious, famous.

sion [n] (pension, passion), [n] (vision, decision, intrusion).
ay, ey []: Monday, money, kidney.
que [k] : cheque, unique.

c [s], e, i, y: centre, cinema, cycle.
c [k]: come, clone, cave, cube.
g [d], e, i, y: college, giant, gym, prodigy ().
g [g]: game, guest, flag, go.
( g [g], [d]): give, get, girl, finger .

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Copyright 20062012

. 15