1.

UML
, .

1.1. UML
UML (Unified Modeling
Language) ,
80- 90- . UML
1994 .,
Booch [-1999] OMT (Object Modeling Technique)
Rational Software. 1995 .
, Unified
Method, 0.8. 1995 .
OOSE (Object-Oriented Software Engineering) .
, UML
, , .
UML ,
OMG (Object Management Group),

. UML
(Microsoft,
IBM, Hewlett-Packard, Oracle, Sybase .). ,
CASE-, Rational Software (Rational
Rose), UML (Paradigm Plus (CA), System
Architect (Popkin Software), Microsoft Visual Modeler .).
UML http://www.omg.org
http://www.rational.com. UML
[-1999],
. ,
[-2000], [-2000] [-2001].

1.2. UML
UML ,
, ,
- ,
. UML
. UML 1.1,
OMG
1997 .,

:
(use case diagrams)
-
);
(class diagrams)
;
(behavior diagrams):

(interaction diagrams):
(sequence diagrams)
(collaboration diagrams)

(statechart

diagrams)

(activity
diagrams)

, ;

(implementation diagrams):

(component
diagrams)

() ;

(deployment
diagrams)
.

1.3.

(use

case)

 ,

.

(), ,
( ).

.

, .
(actor) ,
. ,
. ,

,
,
.
,
.

, , , .
, -
.

()
. . 1.1
(Automated Teller Machine, ATM).

, ,

.
:
. ,
: , ,
5

 , ,
.

. 1.1.

.
. ,
, ,

(stakeholders)
. ,
.
,
. , ,
.
,
. ,
:
6

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.
.
,

.
,
,
.

.
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.
,

.

.
.
,
.

(,
), ( )
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:

.

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.
( )
.
,
, .
7


.

. , ,

.

. ,
, -
. -
, ,
, , .
,

.
,
. , ,
.
, (flow of events).
,
.
, , .
,
. , ,
. :
;
(pre-conditions);
;
(
);
(post-conditions).
.

, . ,
8


:


.

,
,
. ,
,
.
.
,
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, . ,
,
.


.
,
.
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:
;
;
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(
);
;
.

,
:

1. ,
.
2.
.
3. .
4. . ,
1.
5. :
;
;
.
6. .
7. , .
8. .
9. , .
, 2.
, 1.
10. .
11. .
12. .
13. .
14. .
1.
.
1. ,
.
2. .
3. .

10

 2.
.
1. , .
2. .
3. .
1. .
1. ,

.
2. .
, ,
.
3. .
4. .

,
. ,
-
. .
,
.
, ,
, .
.

UML
.
(communication), (include),
(extend) (generalization).

. UML
( ).
, .
11

 ,
- ,
.
.

()
,
.

.

.

.
UML
, . 1.2.

<<extend>>

<<include>>

. 1.2.
,
. ,
: .
, . 1.3.
12

. 1.3.
.
, ,
,
.
, .

.
, ,
.

1.4.
(interaction diagrams)
.
,
.
,
.
(message) ,
-
.
(informative) ,
-
.
13

- (interrogative) ,
-.
(imperative) ,
- .
:
(sequence diagrams)
(collaboration diagrams).
1.4.1.

,
. ,

, , ,
,
.
(
,
) . 1.4.

.
;
. ,
,
.
,
.

,
. (lifeline) .

.

14

1:

ATM

2:
3:
4: PIN-
5: PIN- (1234)
6:
7:
8: PIN-
9:

10:
( )

11:

12: (20 )
13: (20 .)
14: (20 .)
15: (20 .)
16: (20 )
17: (20 .)
18:

. 1.4.

15


. ,
.
;
, , ,
- (self-delegation) ,
,
.

.

.
.
,
.
. , ,
, ,

. , ,
(control objects).
.
1.4.2.

.
,
(collaborations)
.
,
. . 1.5
, , .
, ,
,
- .
, , .
16

2:

1:

18:

5: PIN- (1234)
10: ( )
12: (20 .)
3:

4: PIN-
9:
11:
ATM

17: (20 .)
ATM
7:
8: PIN-
14: (20 .)

6:
13: (20 .)
15: (20 .)
16: (20 .)

. 1.5. ,

-
.
, .
,
, ,
.
, , .

1.5.
1.5.1.

, .
,
, .
17


. 1.6.
<<Entity>>
Card Reader
- Card Number : integer

<<Boundary>>
ATM Screen
+ Prompt() : integer
+ AcceptInput(Input : Integer) : integer

+ Accept Card() : integer

+ Eject Card() : integer
+ Read Card() : integer

0..1

0..1
0..1

0..n

<<Entity>>
Account
- Account Number : integer
- PIN : integer
- Balance : long

<<Boundary>>
Cash Dispenser
- Cash Balance : long

1
+ Open() : integer
+ Withdraw Funds(Amount : long) : integer
- Deduct Funds(Amount : long) : integer
- Verify Funds() : integer

. 1.6.

0..1 + Provide Cash() : integer

+ Provide Receipt() : integer

,
.
: Card Reader1 (
), Account (), ATM Screen ( ) Cash Dispenser
( ).
, .
, .
, (, ).
1

,
. , ,
. . , CASE-
.

18

. , Account ATM Screen (

),
. Card Reader ( )
Cash Dispenser ( ),
.
1.5.2
,
. UML :
Boundary (), Entity () Control ().

(boundary classes) ,
.
, , (
) .
,
.
,
, .
.
-
- (entity classes) .
,
.
- .

(control classes)
.
,
.
, ,
.
.
19

 ,
-.
,
. ,
SecurityManager ( ),
, . TransactionManager (
) ,
.
,
,
.

.
1.5.3.
, ,
.
. -,
. , ,
..
,
.

. , Security ()
, .
Employee Maintenance (
), Reporting ( ) Error Handling
( ).
.
,
.
, . ,
UML, .
20

 ,
. ,
(. 1.7) ,
. ,
,
.

Entities
Boundaries

Control

. 1.7.
,

. ,
: ;
;
. ,
, , .
,
,
, , ,
.
21


.

. ,
,
4, .
1.5.4.
, . ,
Company () Name (),
Address () NumberOfEmployees ( ).
,
. ,
.
(attribute visibility).

. (. 1.8).
Employee Address Company:
Public (, ). ,
.
.
Company Address
Employee. UML
+ .
Private (, ).
. Employee
Address , Company
, . ,
Employee
,
.
UML.
Protected ().
. ,
22

 . ,
HourlyEmp SalariedEmp,
Employee.
Address Employee,
HourlyEmp SalariedEmp, Company. UML
# .
Package or Implementation (). ,
, . ,
Address .
Company,
.
.

Employee
-Employee ID : Integer = 0
#SSN : String
#Salary : float
+Address : String
+City : String
+State : String
+Zip Code : long
+Departament : String
+Hire()
+Fire()
+Promote()
+Demote()
+Transfer()

. 1.8.
,
. .
,
.
,
.
.
23

1.5.5.
.
, .
, .
.
,

. ,
,
.
UML :
(1 : 1, 2 :
2, ...) :
.

(implementor operations)
-. ,
. , , ,
.

.
.
,
, ,
.
,
, -
.

(manager operations)
.
.
24


.
,
. (access operations).
, , Salary Employee.
, .
Employee
GetSalary SetSalary. , ,
.
Salary . SetSalary
,
Salary.
, ,
.

, ,
. Get Set
( )
.

(helper operations)
, ,
.
.
, :
1.
.
.
.
2. .
.
3. . ,
,
Get Set.
25

1.5.6.

. ,
. ,

, .
,
: , , .

(association) .
.

NewClass

NewClass2

. 1.9.
, ,
. UML
.
,
.
,
.

, ,
.
, .
.
,
.
26

(dependency)

, ,
, .
, .

NewClass

NewClass2

. 1.10.

. ,
, . , ++
#include.

(aggregations)
. . ,
, ,
.
,
. .
, :

Whole

Part

. 1.11.
UML

27

, -
, , , ,
: .
.

, ,
1..1; ,
,
(, , ).

(generalization)
.
. ,
. UML
- :
Student
(from Design Model)

- name
- address
- studentID
+ // get tuition()
+ // add schedule()
+ // delete schedule()

FulltimeStudent

ParttimeStudent

(from Design Model)

(from Design Model)

- gradDate

- maxNumCourses

. 1.12.

28

 ,
, .

(multiplicity) ,

.
,

Course () Student
(). : ,
. ,
:
? ?
,
.
,
, 10 20
. ,
. 1.13.

Course

Student
0..4

10..20

. 1.13.
UML
:

0..*

1..*

0..1

1..1 ( : 1)

29


.
, ,
. , Person () Company
() .
, Person ,
? ,
employs ():
Company

Employs

Person

. 1.14.
. ,
.
.

, .
Person Company, , Person
Company.
,
, .
, , ,
. , ,
, .
:
Company

+Employer

+Employee

. 1.15.

30

Person

1.6.
,
,
.
,
.
, - ,

.
. 1.16
. ,
.
. ,
, .
(event),
.

[ ]

entry:
do:

[ exit:
]

entry:

[
30 ]

. 1.16. Account

31

 ,
. ,
, [
] .
(guard condition) ,
.
(start)
(stop). ,
, .
,

.
. ,
, , .
- ,
.
. , ,
,
(actions).
: ,
, , .

Account ATM.

(activity) ,
, . ,
,
. .
,
,
. ,
do () .

32


(entry action) ,
, .
, ,
, ,
. ,
, , , ,
. ,
.
,
entry () .

(exit action) . ,

. Account
, , ,
.
. , .
,
exit () .
,
. ,
account () card reader
( ). ,
^ .

Do: ^.()
, ,
,
.

. , account
33

 .
.
(Transition)
. ,
.
,
.
.
, .
,
.
.
, , ,
. .

(event) ,
.
.
.

, .
. ,
RequestClosure().
. , ,

, Amount (),
.
, ,
, . ,
, .
,
, .

34


(guard conditions) ,
, .

, .
.

, .
.
,

. ,
.

(action), ,
, .
, ,
, .
, , ,
.
,
.

.
,
.
,
, .
,
^ .
,
.
35


-, .

1.7.
UML,

, ,
, , SDL
. ,

[-1999].
, ,

,
.

.
, ,
. ,
.

,
, .

:
.
, ,

.
.
(workflow)
.
,
.
36

1.8.
,
.
.
: .
( )
.
. ,

.
. 1.17
.
ATM.exe
Cash Dispenser
Card Reader

ATM Screen
Card Reader
Cash Dispenser

ATM Screen

. 1.17.
.
++.
37

 .,

. , ATM screen
ATM Screen .
ATM Screen.
ATM Screen.
(package specification)
ATM Screen C++ ( .).
,
++ (
.). ATM.exe
(thread of processing).
.
,
. , Card Reader
ATM Screen. , , , Card Reader
, ATM Screen .

ATMClient.exe.
, ,
. ,
Cash Dispenser, Card Reader ATM Screen.
ATM, Account.
. 1.18.
,
, .
. ,
.
: .
,
. ,
,
.
38

 . ,
.
ATMServer.exe

Account
Account

. 1.18.

1.9.
(deployment diagram)

. ,

.

,
.
, .

.
,
, (node).
. 1.19.
39

Banking Database
Server

Oracle Server
<<LAN>>
Regional
ATM Server

ATMServer.exe

Printer

<<Private Network>>

<<Private Network>>

125 First St.

ATM

459 Elm St.

ATM

ATMClient.exe

ATMClient.exe

. 1.19.

.
.
.
. ,

, Oracle. ,
.
,
, ,

.

40

 2. CASE- Rational Rose

CASE-
,
, .
.

2.1. Rational Rose

Rational Rose - CASE-
Rational Software Corporation
,
. Rational Rose
- ,
UML. Rational Rose
++, Visual C++, Visual Basic, Java,
PowerBuilder, CORBA Interface Definition Language (IDL),
ANSI SQL, Oracle, MS SQL Server, IBM DB2,
Sybase,
. , Rational Rose
,
.
. Rational Rose
UML,
, . Rational Rose
: ,
,

(), ,
.
( ) ++,
.
.
,
,
. .
,
41

 .

.
++,
,
,
.
++.
++ .
Rational Rose
,
++.
. ,
,
.
. ,
, , ,
,
. ,
Rational Rose/++
.
CASE- Rational
Rose :
UML,
;
, , ;
.

. , ,
, .

.

.
42


Rational Suite. Rational Suite :
Rational Suite AnalystStudio

;
Rational

Suite

DevelopmentStudio

;
Rational Suite TestStudio ,
;
Rational Suite Enterprise
,
,
.
Rational Suite, Rational Rose,
:
Rational Requisite Pro ,

. ,
,

,
,
,
;
Rational ClearCase ;
Rational SoDA
;
Rational ClearQuest
e-mail Web;
Rational TeamTest

;
Rational

Robot

;
Rational Purify
;
43

 Rational PureCoverage ,
;
Rational Quantify
, ;
Rational

Suite

PerformanceStudio

- Web-.
Rational Rose
.
.
.
. Rational Rose
: IBM PC (Windows 95/98/NT), Sun SPARCstations
(UNIX, Solaris, SunOS), Hewlett-Packard (HP UX), IBM RS/6000 (AIX).

2.2. Rational Rose

2.2.1.
Rose ,
, , (log).
:
(browser)
;

(documentation

window)

;
(toolbars)
;
(diagram window)
UML;
(log)
.
. 2.1 Rose.

44

. 2.1. Rational Rose.

,
. , ,
, ,
. :
( ,
, , , ..);
;
;
;
;
;
;
;
;
.
45

 (view):
, ,
.
. 2.2.2.
.
, .
, .
+ .

Rose.
, .
,
,
,
. ,
Rose.

Rose
.
: .
, ,
.
UML.

. Tools > Options,
Toolbars.
(
):
1. Tools > Options.
2. Toolbars.

46

3.
, ( )
Show Standard ToolBar ( Show Diagram ToolBar)
:
1. .
2. Use Large Buttons
( )
:
1. .
2. Customize ()
3. ,
Add ()
Remove (), . 2.2.

. 2.2. .

,
UML . Rose
. ,
Rose
.
.

47



. ,
, .
, .
2.2.2. Rose
Rose (views)
, ,
.
.

,
.

,
.

. . 2.3 ,
Rose.
:
.
.
,
( ),
.

,
Rose. ,
,
. (. 2.3) Microsoft Word.
.
,
/ .
48

 , /
.

. 2.3. .

, . 2.4,
, ,
.
.
, , ,
.
.
:
.
. ,
,
.
,
,
.
.
49

 , .

. 2.4. .

:
, .
.
, .

Rose .
,
.
:
, (threads),
.
, ,
.
.

50

 , ,
. , ,
- .
.
2.2.3.

Rose ,
:
;
;
;
;

;
;
.

, Tools > Options.
:
;
;
;
.

, ,
.

.
.
.

.
51

 :
1. .
2. ,
- .
3. Options > Show All Attributes.
:
1. .
2. ,
- .
3. Options > Select Compartment Items.
4. Edit Compartment.
:
1. .
2. ,
- .
3. Options > Suppress Attributes.
:
1. Tools > Options.
2. Diagram.
3.

Suppress Attributes Show All Attributes.
.
.
,
.
;
.
.
.
, :
. ,
,
.
52

 .
, ,
.
:
1. .
2. ,
- .
3. Options > Show All Operations.
:
1. .
2. ,
- .
3. Options > Select Compartment Items.
4. Edit Compartment.
:
1. .
2. ,
- .
3. Options > Suppress Operations.
:
1. .
2. ,
- .
3. Options > Show Operation Signature.
:
1. Tools > Options.
2. Diagram.
3.

Suppress Operations, Show All Operations Show Operation
Signatures.
:
1. .
53

2. ,
- .
3. Options > Show Visibility.

:
1. Tools > Options.
2. Diagram.
3.
Show Visibility.
Rose UML:
1. Tools > Options.
2. Notation.
3.

Visibility as Icons.
, Rose. ,
UML.
.
.

54

 3.
3.1. .

-
.

,
.
, , ,
.
-
.
, ( ).
.
, .
,
, .
,

( ).
4
.
2 , -
.
10 3 ( 3,
). ,
.
, .
, ,
,
.

55

,
.

.
,
.
,
, , ,
. ,
.

3.2.

.
.

(Course Offering)

(Report Card)

(Roster)

(Schedule)

,

(
).
.
,
.

.
,
.
.
,
.
,
.
, .
,
.

56

3.3.

,
. .

, , , ,
, ,
,

.

.
,
, ,
.

Windows 95/98.

24
7 , 10%.

2000
, 500 ,
.

, ,
,
.
.
.

57



, .

3.4.
:

Student () ;

Professor () ;

Registrar ()
, , ;

Billing System ( )
;

Course Catalog ( )
, .

1. Rational Rose

:
1.
.
2. New > Actor
3.
NewClass.
UML.
4. , .
5.
coursereg(analysis) File > Save.
58

 :
,
:
Login ( );
Register for Courses ( );
View Report Card ( );
Select Courses to Teach ( );
Submit Grades ( );
Maintain Professor Information ( );
Maintain Student Information ( );
Close Registration ( ).
2.
Rational Rose

:
1.
.
2. New > Use Case
3. NewUseCase
.
UML.
4. , .
59

 :

. .

. 3.1.

View Report Card

Student
Register for Courses

Login

Course Catalog

Select Courses to Teach

Professor
Submit Grades

Maintain Professor Information

Registrar

Maintain Student Information

Close Registration

. 3.1.
.

60

Billing System

 Rose
. (Main)
.
, .

:
1.
+ ,
.
2. Main, .
, [Use Case Diagram:
Use Case view / Main].
:
1.
.
2. New > Use Case Diagram.
3. , .
4. ,
.
3.
1. Main.
2.
,
.
3. Unidirectional Association (
)
.
Login

Any User.
. 3.2.
61

View Report Card

Student
Register for Courses

Login

Any User

Course Catalog

Select Courses to Teach

Professor
Submit Grades

Registrar

Maintain Professor Information

Maintain Student Information

Close Registration

Billing System

. 3.2.
4.
1. Register for Courses.
2.
: This use case allows a student to register
for courses in the current semester (

).
62

3. MS Word
Login ( ), Register
for Courses ( ) Close Registration
( ).
Login:


.

,
.
1. .
2. .
3. ,
.

/
,
/ ,
.
,
.

,
. .
Register for Courses:

.
( ),
63

 .
.

,

.
1. ( ,
, ).
2. ,
(, ,
).

1.
.
2. 4 2
.
3. .
4. .

1. .
2.
.
3. ,
.
4. .
5. .

1. .
2. .
3. .
4. . ,
,
.

64

 ,

( ),
.
.
.



. :
1.
.
2. .
,


,
,
, ,
.
, ,
, .


,
. ,
, .

,
, . ,
, .

65

 ,
,
.


, ,
.

,
, .
.
Close Registration:


. ,
( ), .

, .

,
.
1. .
,
.
2. ,
- ,
. ,
,
.

66

3.

,
.
. ,
.
4. . -
(
, .3),
.
5.

.
.


,
,
.
.

,

. , .

,
. .
5.
1. .
2. Open Specification
67

3. .
4.
Insert File.
5. Open,
.

.
:
1. .
2. Delete.
3. , , ,
.
:
1. .
2. Edit > Delete from Model
CTRL + D.
68

3.5.
3.5.1.

:
;
;
;
().
:

.

Use-Case Realization, :
;
View Of Participating Classes (VOPC).

,
.

.

.
, ,
.
(Use-Case Realization):


( , ,
(
),
).
69

<<realizes>>

Use-Case
Realization

Use Case

. 3.3.


( ). ,
, .
. 3.4:
Student

Professor

Schedule

CourseOffering

Course

. 3.4.
6.

70

 Traceabilities:
1.
.
2. New > Package
3. Design Model.
4. Use-Case Realizations, UseCase Realization Close Registration, Use-Case Realization Login
Use-Case Realization Register for Courses.
5. Use-Case Realization
Close Registration, Login Register
for Courses (
use-case realization,
).
6. Use-Case Realizations
Traceabilities
. 3.5.
<<realizes>>
<<use-case realization>>

Login
(from Use Case View)

Login
(from Use-Case Realization - Login)
<<realizes>>
<<use-case realization>>
Register for Courses
(from Use-Case Realization - Register
for Courses)

Register for Courses

(from Use Case View)

<<realizes>>
<<use-case realization>>
Close Registration
(from Use-Case Realization Close Registration)

Close Registration
(from Use Case View)

. 3.5. Traceabilities
71

 Key
Abstractions:
1. Design Model.
2. New > Class.
NewClass .
3. Student.
4. Professor, Schedule, Course
CourseOffering.
5. Design Model.
6. New > Class Diagram.
7. Key Abstractions.
8. ,
.
. 3.4.
3.5.2.
,

:
1. (Boundary)
. ,

. :

, , , ),
(
, ).
2. - (Entity)
() .
-: ,
, ,
.
72

3. (Control)
.

. ,
.

,
, .
,
Register for Courses, . 3.6.
<<boundary>>
RegisterForCoursesForm

<<boundary>>
CourseCatalogSystem

<<control>>
RegistrationController

<<entity>>
Student

<<entity>>
Schedule

<<entity>>
CourseOffering

. 3.6. ,
Register for Courses
7. ,
Register for Courses,
View Of Participating Classes (VOPC)
1. Design Model.
2. New > Class.
NewClass .
3. RegisterForCoursesForm.
4.

RegisterForCoursesForm.
5. Open Specification.
73

6. Boundary .
7. CourseCatalogSystem
Boundary RegistrationController
Control.
8. Schedule, CourseOffering Student
Entity.
9. Register for
Courses Use-Case Realization Register for Courses.
10. New > Class Diagram.
11. VOPC (classes only).
12.
. 3.6.
, ,

(
).
( ),
.
. :
;
;
.
(,
).
8.

Register
for Courses. ,
. 3.7 3.11.

74

: RegisterForCoursesForm

: RegistrationController

: Student
1: // register for courses( )
2: // is registration open?( )
[ registration open ]
3: // display possible operations( )

4: // create schedule( )

Sequence Diagram: Register

for Courses / Register for
Courses - Basic Flow (Create
Schedule)

5: // update schedule( )

Sequence Diagram: Register

for Courses / Register for
Courses - Basic Flow (Update
Schedule)

6: // delete schedule( )

Sequence Diagram: Register

for Courses / Register for
Courses - Basic Flow (Delete
Schedule)

. 3.7. Register for Courses Basic

Flow

75

:Student

:RegisterForCourses
Form

:Registration
Controller

:CourseCatalog
System

1: // create schedule( )

:Schedule :Student
:Course
Catalog

2: // get course offerings( )

3: // get course offerings(forSemester)
4: // get course offerings( )

5: // display course offerings( )

6: // display blank schedule( )

7: // select 4 primary and 2 alternate offerings( )

8: // create schedule
ith ff i
(

9: // create with offerings( )

10: // add schedule(Schedule)

Sequence Diagram: Register for Courses /

Register for Courses - Basic Flow
(Submit Schedule)

. 3.8. Register for Courses Basic

Flow (Create Schedule)

1. Tools > Options.

2. .
3. Sequence Numbering, Collaboration
Numbering , Focus of Control .
4. , .

1. Register for
Courses Use-Case Realization Register for Courses.
2. New > Sequence Diagram.
3. Register for Courses Basic Flow.
4. , .
76

1. Student .
2. RegisterForCoursesForm RegistrationController
.
3. Object Message
( ).
4. Student
RegisterForCoursesForm.
5. , : // register for courses.
6. 3 5,
, . 3.7 (
3 Message to Self).
:RegisterForCourses
Form

: Registration
Controller

:CourseCatalog : Student : Schedule

System

: Student
1: // update schedule( )

2: // get current schedule(Student, forSemester)

3: // get schedule(forSemester)
4: // display schedule(Schedule)

5: // get course offerings( )

6: // get course
ff i
(f S
7: // display course offerings( )

t )

8: // update offering selections( )

9: // update schedule with new selections( )
10: // update with new selections( )
Sequence Diagram: Register for Courses /
Register for Courses - Basic Flow (Submit
Schedule)

. 3.9. Register for Courses Basic

Flow (Update Schedule)
77

: RegisterForCourses
Form

: Registration
Controller

:Student

:Schedule

:CourseOffering

: Student
1: // delete schedule( )

2: // get current schedule(Student, forSemester)

3: // get schedule(forSemester)
4: // display schedule(Schedule)

5: // request schedule delete confirmation( )

6: // confirm schedule deletion( )

7: // delete current schedule( )
8: // delete schedule(forSemester)
9: // delete( )
10: // remove student(Schedule)

,

. 3.10. Register for Courses Basic

Flow (Delete Schedule)

1. 1, // register for courses.
2. <new operation>.
.
3. // register for courses.
4. ,
.
5. 1 4,
.

78


, . 3.8 3.11. ,
. 3.11
PrimarySheduleOfferingInfo ( ,
Shedule OfferingInfo),
.

: Student

:RegisterFor
CoursesForm

:Registration
Controller

:Schedule :PrimarySchedule
OfferingInfo

: Course
Offering

:Student

1: // submit schedule( )
2: // submit schedule( )
3: // save( )
4: // submit( )
5: // is selected?( )
6: // has pre-requisites
[ is selected ]
(CourseOffering)

7: // still open?( )
8: // any conflicts?( )
[ has pre-requisites, course offering
open, and no schedule conflicts ]
9: // add student(Schedule)
10: // mark as enrolled in( )

. 3.11. Register for Courses Basic

Flow (Submit Schedule)

:
1. Note.
2. ,
.
3. , .
79

4. ,
Anchor Notes To Item (
).
5. ,
, .
.
6. - (
. 3.7 ),
( )
.
,
. , ,
.
:
1. Text Box.
2. ,
.
3. , .


F5.

(responsibilities),

(responsibility) ,
.
.
, ,
,
80


( ).
, VOPC (classes only) (. 3.6)
8
, . 3.12.
<<control>>
RegistrationController

<<boundary>>
RegisterForCoursesForm
// submit schedule()
// display course offerings()
// update schedule()
// delete schedule()
// confirm schedule deletion()
// request schedule delete confirmation()
// display schedule()
// register for courses()
// display possible operations()
// save schedule()
// create schedule()
// select 4 primary and 2 alternate offerings()
// display blank schedule()
// update offering selections()

<<entity>>
Student
// get tuition()
// add schedule()
// get schedule()
// delete schedule()
// has pre-requisites()

// get course offerings()

// get current schedule()
// delete current schedule()
// submit schedule()
// is registration open?()
// save schedule()
// create schedule with offerings()
// update schedule with new selections()

<<entity>>
CourseOffering
// add student()
// remove student()
// close registration()
// get number of students()
// cancel()
// still open?()
// add professor()
// close()
// save()

<<entity>>
Schedule
// commit()
// select alternate()
// remove offering()
// level()
// cancel()
// get cost()
// delete()
// submit()
// save()
// any conflicts?()
// create with offerings()
// update with new selections()

<<boundary>>
CourseCatalogSystem
// get course offerings()

<<entity>>
PrimaryScheduleOfferingInfo
// is selected?()
// mark as enrolled in()

. 3.12. VOPC (classes only)

,
, .

9.

1. Tools > Options.

2. Diagram.
3. , Show All Attributes .
4. , Suppress Attributes Suppress
Operations .
81


1. Student.
2. New Attribute.
3. address
4. Enter.
5. 1 4, name studentID.
6. CourseOffering, Shedule
PrimaryScheduleOfferingInfo, . 3.13.
<<entity>
>Student
address
name
studentID
// get tuition()
// add schedule()
// get schedule()
// delete schedule()
// has pre-requisites()

<<entity>>
PrimaryScheduleOfferingInfo
grade

<<entity>>
CourseOffering
/ numStudents : Int
days : Enum
endTime : Time
number : String = "100"
startTime : Time
// add student()
// remove student()
// close registration()
// get number of students()
// cancel()
// still open?()
// add professor()
// close()
// save()

<<entity>>
Schedule
semester
// commit()
// select alternate()
// remove offering()
// level()
// cancel()
// get cost()
// delete()
// submit()
// save()
// any conflicts?()
// create with offerings()
// update with new selections()

// is selected?()
// mark as enrolled in()

. 3.13.
()
.
( ),
( ). ,
, .
, .
10.
,
Register for Courses.

82

 Register for
Courses Use-Case Realization Register for Courses (. 3.14 3.16).
<<entity>>
Student
name
address
studentID 1

0..n

0..4
<<entity>> 0..n
<<entity>>
Schedule
CourseOffering
+primaryCourses
0..2

0..n

+alternateCourses

<<entity>>
FulltimeStudent
gradDate

<<entity>>
ParttimeStudent
maxNumCourses

. 3.14. Entity Classes (-)

FulltimeStudent (
) ParttimeStudent ( ).
<<entity>>
PrimaryScheduleOfferingInfo
grade
// is enrolled in?()
// mark as enrolled in()
// mark as committed()
<<entity>>
Schedule

+primaryCourses
0..n
0..n

0..4
+alternateCourses
0..2

<<entity>>
ScheduleOfferingInfo
status
// mark as selected()
// mark as cancelled()
// is selected?()

. 3.15. CourseOfferingInfo
83

<<entity>>
CourseOffering

 ,
Schedule CourseOffering
ScheduleOfferingInfo. ,
(status ), ,
, (grade)

.
<<control>>

<<boundary>>
RegisterForCoursesForm
1

0..n

0..1

0..1

<<entity>>
Student
1

0..1

0..1
+registrant

<<boundary>>
CourseCatalogSystem

RegistrationController

+currentSchedule

<<entity>>
Schedule

<<entity>>
PrimaryScheduleOfferingInfo

0..n
0..n

0..n
+primaryCourses

0..4
<<entity>>
FulltimeStudent

<<entity>>
ParttimeStudent

<<entity>>
CourseOffering

0..2
<<entity>>
ScheduleOfferingInfo

+alternateCourses

. 3.16. VOPC (
)

.
, .
:
1. Association.
2. .
:
1. ,
.
2. Navigable.
84

 :
1. Association.
2. -
.
3. .
4. .

1. Aggregation .
2. - .
:
1. Aggregation.
2. -
.
3. .
4. .


. , ,
Employee,

.
, .
:
1. Generalization .
2. .

, ,
.
:
1. .
2. Multiplicity.
3. .
4. .
85

 :
1. .
2. .
:
1. .
2. role Name.
3. .
( ):
1. .
2. Detail.
3. Link Element.

Close Registration
.

3.6.
3.6.1.
:
,
;

;

.
:

(foundation) (, ..);
(error handling classes);
;
;
.
(design classes):
86

 ,
;
,
.
:
, (,
);
,
;

(middleware,

COM/CORBA), ,
(, , ),
( ), .

.
:
: (- ),
.
: (
).
: , ,
, ,
.
:
(
), .

<<subsystem>>, ,
, /

,
.

87

 <<subsystem proxy>>
.

,
.
:
Application Layer
( );
Business Services Layer , ( );
Middleware
Layer

.

. 3.17.
,
.

. 3.17.

88

 ,
:
(
<<layer>>);
Application Registration,
;
CourseCatalogSystem
( CourseCatalogSystem <<subsystem>>)

Business

Services,

CourseCatalogSystem, : External
System
Interfaces

CourseCatalogSystem ( ICourseCatalogSystem
<<Interface>>), University Artifacts -.
() CourseCatalogSystem
. 3.18 3.22.

. 3.18. CourseCatalogSystem
<<subsystem>>
CourseCatalogSystem
(from Business Services)

External System
Interfaces
(from Business Services)

University Artifacts
(from Business Services)

. 3.19.
( CourseCatalogSystem Dependencies)
89

 :
1. Dependency .
2. ,
.
<<Interface>>
ICourseCatalogSystem

<<subsystem proxy>>
CourseCatalogSystem

getCourseOfferings()
initialize()

getCourseOfferings()
initialize()

DBCourseOfferring
create()
read()
initialize()

. 3.20. , (
ICourseCatalogSystem)
DBCourseOfferring
.
CourseCatalog
System Client

: CourseCatalog
System

: DBCourse
Offerring

1: getCourseOfferings(Semester)

:CourseOfferingList :CourseOffering

Create a list to hold all

retrieved course offerings

2: read(string)
Retrieve all available course
offerings for the current
semester

3: new( )
4: new( )
5: setData( )

Repeat these operations for each

element returned from the query.
The CourseOfferingList is loaded with
the data retrieved from the database.
The getData and setData operations
are called for each attribute in the
each retrieved class instance.

6: add(CourseOffering)

Add the retrieved course offering to

the list to be returned

. 3.21. ICourseCatalogSystem::getCourse
Offerings,
getCourseOfferings
90

CourseCatalog
System Client

: CourseCatalogSystem

1: initialize( )

: DBCourseOfferring

2: initialize( )

. 3.22. ICourseCatalogSystem:
:initialize,
initialize
3.6.2.

. :
(node) (
( ,
. .). ;
(connection) ().
: ( ).
Desktop PC

Desktop PC

<<Campus LAN>>

<<Campus LAN>>
Registration
Server

<<Campus LAN>>

<<Campus LAN>>

<<legacy>>

<<legacy>>

CourseCatalogSystem

BillingSystem

. 3.23.
91

, , ,
(peer-to-peer) ..);
;
;
;
.
. 3.24.
Desktop PC

Desktop PC

StudentApplication
RegistrarApplication

StudentApplication
RegistrarApplication

<<Campus LAN>>

<<Campus LAN>>

Registration
Server
<<Campus LAN>>

<<Campus LAN>>
CourseCatalogSystemAccess
CourseRegistrationProccess
CloseRegistrationProccess
BillingSystemAccess

<<legacy>>

<<legacy>>

CourseCatalogSystem

BillingSystem

.
3.24.

92

 11.

,
Deployment View ( )
.
:
1. Processor.
2. ,
.
3. .

, .

(,

UNIX ).
.
, , .
(scheduling) ,
:
Preemptive ( ).
.
Non preemptive ( ).
. ,
.
Cyclic ().
.
, .
Executive
().

,
.
Manual (). .
:
1. .
2. General.
93

3. Stereotype.
:
1. .
2. Detail.
3. .
4. .
:
1. .
2. Show Scheduling.
:
1. Connection.
2. .
3. .
:
1. .
2. General.
3. Stereotype ().
:
1. .
2. New > Process.
3. .
:
1. .
2. Show Processes.
3.6.3.
:

(GUI Builder);
-
(
);

94

 ,

;
(persistent) ,
.
, ,
. ,
.
: operationName(parameter:class,):returnType.
, .
: public, private, protected.
(scope) : .
() :
,
(): attributeName:Type = Default;

,
;
: public, private, protected;
()
.
12.
Student
,
:
1. .
2. Open Specification.
3.
.
4. Initial Field ( )
.

95

5. Export Control : Public,

Protected, Private Implementation.
Private.
<<entity>>
Student.
- name : string
- address : string
<<class>> - nextAvailID : int
- studentID : int
- dateofBirth : Date
+ getTuition() : double
+ addSchedule(theSchedule : Schedule)
+ getSchedule(forSemester : Semester) : Schedule
+ deleteSchedule(forSemester : Semester)
+ hasPrerequisites(forCourseOffering : CourseOffering) : boolean
# passed(theCourseOffering : CourseOffering) : boolean
<<class>> + getNextAvailID() : int
+ getStudentID() : int
+ getName() : string
+ getAddress() : string

. 3.25. Student

:
1. Tools > Options.
2. Notation.
3. Visibility as Icons,
Rose, ,
UML.
.

.

96

 ,
:
1. .
2. .
3.
.
4.
.
5. Export Control :
Public, Protected, Private Implementation.
public.
:
1. .
2. Detail.
3. ,
Insert.
4. .
5. Data type
.
6. , default
.

.

.

CourseOffering. (
) (
). ,
,
CourseOffering. ,
97

 : (
) ( ).
Initialization
do/ initialize course offering
data
add student / set count=0 ^CourseRoster.create
[ count = 10 ]

Open

Closed
do/ Finalize course

entry/ Register student

exit/ ^CourseRoster.AddStudent(Student)
cancel

cancel

add student[ count < 10 ]

^CourseRoster.delete

Canceled

. 3.26. CourseOffering
13.
CourseOffering
:
1. .
2. New > Statechart Diagram.
:
1. State
2. ,
.
Detail
.
:
1. .
2. Detail.
3. Actions.
4. Insert.
5. .
6. Actions.
7. When Do,
.
98

 , When On Entry.
, When On Exit.
:
1. .
2. Detail.
3. Actions.
4. Insert.
5. .
6. Send Event.
7. (event),
(arguments) (Target).
:
1. Transition .
2. , .
3. , .
:
1. Transition to Self .
2. ,
.
, ,
:
1. ,
.
2. General.
3. Event.
4. Arguments.
5. Condition.
6. Action.
:
1. ,
.
99

2.
3.
4.
5.

Detail.
Send Event.
Send Arguments.
Send Target.

:
1. Start State End State.
2. ,
.
: (,
, )
(, , ),
.
<<control>>
RegistrationController
(from Registration)
+ submitSchedule()
+ saveSchedule()
+ getCourseOfferings() : CourseOfferingList
+ getCurrentSchedule(forStudent : Student, forSemester :
Semester) : Schedule
+ deleteCurrentSchedule()
<<class>> + new(forStudent : string)
+ getStudent(withID : string) : Student

+currentSchedule
0..1
0..1

<<entity>>
Schedule
(from University
Artifacts)
0..n

0..n

0..1
+registrant

<<Interface>>
ICourseCatalogSystem
(from External System
Interfaces)

0..n

0..1

1
<<entity>>
Student
(from University Artifacts)
+ getTuition() : double
+ addSchedule(theSchedule : Schedule)
+ getSchedule(forSemester: Semester) : Schedule
+ deleteSchedule(forSemester: Semester)
boolean
+ hasPrerequisites(forCourseOffering : CourseOffering) :
boolean
# passed(theCourseOffering : CourseOffering) : boolean
<<class>> + getNextAvailID() : int
+ getStudentID():int
+ getName() : string
+ getAddress(): string

+alternateCourses
0..2

+primaryCourses
0..4
<<entity>>
CourseOffering
(from University
Artifacts)

. 3.27.

100

 :
1. ,
- ( .3.27 Schedule).
2. Containment.
3. By Value.
. By Value ,
, .
(By Reference) ,
.
:
( )
, . 3.28 .
(
).
<<entity>>
Student.
- name : string
- address : string
<<class>> - nextAvailID : int
- studentID : int
- dateofBirth : Date
1
1
Classification

<<entity>>
FulltimeClassification

<<entity>>
ParttimeClassification

- gradDate

- maxNumCourses

. 3.28

101

3.6.4.

Data Modeler.
.
-
SQL.
14.
:
:
1. .
2. Data Modeler > New >
Database.
3. DB_0
Target Oracle 8.x.
(persistent) :
1. Student University
Artifacts.
2. Detail.
3. Persistence Persistent.
4. Classification,
FulltimeClassification ParttimeClassification.
5. Student , + .
6. studentID.
7. Data Modeler > Part of Object
Identity ( ).
. 5, 6 7 Rational Rose,
2001.
:
1. University Artifacts.
2. Data Modeler > Transform to
Data Model.
102

3. Target Database DB_0

.
Schemas.
4. Schemas
<<Schema>> S_0.
5. Data Modeler > New > Data
Model Diagram.
6. ,
- NewDiagram , <<Schema>> S_0.
. 3.29.

T_Student.
+ name : NUMBER(5, 0)
+ address : NUMBER(5, 0)
+ nextAvailID : NUMBER(5, 0)
- studentID : NUMBER(5, 0)
+ dateofBirth : DATE
<<PK>> + PK_T_Student.15()
<<Identifying>>

1
1

T_Classification
- T_Classification_ID : NUMBER(10, 0)
studentID : NUMBER(5, 0)
<<PK>> + PK_T_Classification14()
<<Unique>> + TC_T_Classification18()
<<FK>> + FK_T_Classification6()
<<Index>> + TC_T_Classification17()
1

<<Identifying>>
0..1

<<Identifying>>
0..1

T_FulltimeClassification

T_ParttimeClassification

+ gradDate : NUMBER(5, 0)
studentID : NUMBER(5, 0)
T_Classification_ID : NUMBER(10, 0)

+ maxNumCourses : NUMBER(5, 0)
studentID : NUMBER(5, 0)
T_Classification_ID : NUMBER(10, 0)

<<PK>> + PK_T_FulltimeClassification16()
<<FK>> + FK_T_FulltimeClassification7()

<<PK>> + PK_T_ParttimeClassification17()
<<FK>> + FK_T_ParttimeClassification8()

. 3.29. -
103

 SQL:
1. <<Schema>> S_0.
2. Data Modeler > Forward
Engineer.
3. Forward Engineering Wizard
Next.
4. DDL Next.
5.
Next.
6.
.

3.7.
3.7.1.
Rational Rose
.
, .
15.
++
Student .
:
1.
.
2. Package Specification.
3. .
4. Student
++.
5. Package Body.
6. .
7. Student
++.
104

8. Dependency.
9.
.
Student

Student

. 3.30.
:
1. Student.
2.
Student .
Student
Student.
3. Student Student
. Student
Student.

3.7.2.
:
1. .
2. .
3. , .
4. .
105

 :
1. Tools > Check Model.
2. .
, ,

, , ,
.
Check Model
. Access Violations
, ,
,
.
:
1. Report > Show Access Violations.
2. .
,
, .
. Rose

.

.
Tools > Options,
. ,
, .
.
.
, Tools > Options,
,
.
,
, ..
. (C++, Java, )
. ,
, .
106

 ,
. .

,
.
.
.

. ,
,
.
Rose

(skeletal) :
. .
. ,
, .
.
,
.
.
.
.

.
16. ++
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

.
.
Tools > C++ > Code Generation .
.
( Tools > C++ > Browse
Header Tools > C++ > Browse Body).
107

 4.
! !
.

CASE Rational Rose .

, 3.
:
1) ;
2) ;
3) ;
4) ;
5) .

.
.
(actor)
.
.
( - ) .
, ,
( , )
.
, , Documentation
.
,

, .
:
;

(
:
;
);

108

,
;
,
( ),
(, , ), (,
, );
;
,
;

;
( )
.

.
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137


1. UML...............................................3
1.1. UML .............................................3
1.2. UML....................................................................................4
1.3. .............................................4
1.4. ...........................................................13
1.4.1. ..............................................14
1.4.2. ......................................................16
1.5. .........................................................................17
1.5.1. .........................................................................17
1.5.2 ...................................................................19
1.5.3. .....................................................................20
1.5.4. ....................................................................................22
1.5.5. ....................................................................................24
1.5.6. ...........................................................................................26
1.6. .....................................................................31
1.7. ...............................................................36
1.8. ................................................................37
1.9. ..................................................................39
2. CASE- Rational Rose ..............41
2.1. Rational Rose ................................................................41
2.2. Rational Rose...........................................................44
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2.2.3. ........................................51
3. ..................................................55
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3.2. .....................................................56
3.3. ...................................57
3.4. .................................58
3.5. ...............................................................................69
3.5.1. ..............................................................69
3.5.2. ............................................72
138

3.6. ...............................................................86
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3.6.4. ...................................................102
3.7. ......................................................................104
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3.7.2. .........................................................................105
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4.6. ..........................................................................................116
4.7. .......................................................................117
4.8. .........................................................................................118
4.9. .........................................................................................120
4.10. ................................................................................121
4.11. .............................................................................122
4.12. ............................................................................123
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4.15. - ........................................................................126
4.16. WWW- ....................................................................127
4.17. ........................................................129
4.18. .....................................................................................130
4.19. ..............................................................131
4.20. ......................................................................................132
4.21. ............134
4.22. .......................................................................................134
...............................................................................................136

139