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PAGE

DETECTION

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sys.dm_db_index_usage_stats

user_seeks

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system_seeks

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GO
AL TER INDEX

= 80,

SORT_IN_TEMPDB

ON,

STATISTICS_NORECOMPUTE

ON);

GO
PeopraHH3aUHH AL TER INDEX HHAeKCOB ALL ON Production. Product REORGANIZE; GO

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<= 30% 30%


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H

.IJ:aHHbIXrrepeBO.IJ:HTC5IB orrepaTHBHbIH IIcno~h30BaHHc Oco6eHHocTH RECOVER rrapaMeTp


napaMcTpoB

NORECOVERY

RECOVERY
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rrp0Il;ecca

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Y HJIH NORECOVER RECOVERY

BpeM5I rrpoIl;ecca Kor.IJ:a rrapaMeTp

BOCCTaHOBJIeHH5IH C.IJ:eJIaTbHHCTpyKIl;HID RESTORE RECOVERY HCrrOJIb3yeTC5I cepBepoM SQL RECOVERY

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He HCrrOJIb3yHTe 3TOT rrapaMeTp,

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pe3epBHOH

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,qaHHbIX

RECOVERY ~ NO RECOVERY
BOCCTaHOBneH~R MecTononolKeH~H

napaMerp

MOVE ... lO AJlR ~3MeHeH~.

napaMerp

REPLACE AJl. 3aMeHbi cYlllecTBYlOllleH

6a3bl

USE

master
DATABASE DBle

RESTORE WITH

FRCM DBICBack
NORECOVERY

RESTORE DATABASE FRCt1:DBICDiff WITH RECOVERY

DB1C

Kor,na

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IIapaMeTphI

Server.

BOCCTaHOBJIeHHII 6a3hI jJ.aHHhIx

CYIIIecTByeT P5l,n IIapaMeTpOB, BKJIlOQa51 RECOVERY

KOTophle MO:>KHO YKa3hIBaTh IIpH BOCCTaHOBJIeHHH6a3hI ,naHHhlx, MOVE TO H REPLACE: 3aIIycKaeTc5I IIPOUecc eCJIH IIpHMeH5IeTC5I CTpaTerH5I KOIIHH :>KypHaJIOB KOIIHH 6a3a ,naHHhlX B03BpaIIIaeTC5I B TIapaMeTpoM RECOVERY RECOVERY,

HJIH NORECOVERY,

RECOVERY
comaCOBaHHoe

NORECOVERY.

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:>KypHaJIaTpaH3aKUHM HJIH Pa3HOCTHhle pe3epBHhle BOCCTaHOBJIeHa IIOCJIe,nH5I5I e3epBHa5I KOIIH5I. p

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MOVE TO.
,npyroe

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MOVE

TO, QT06hI yKa3aTh, Ky,na CJIe,nyeT

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REPLACE.

I1cIIOJIh3yMTe IIapaMeTp REPLACE,

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H HM5I6a3hI ,naHHhIX OTJIHQaeTC5IOT

,naHHhIX.

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H3 pe3epBHOH

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BOCCTaHaBnHBalOTCR H3MeHeHHR 6a3bl AaHHbIX, 3anHCaHHbie B 1KYpHane TpaH3aK4HH I1cnonb3yeTcR napaMeTp

RECOVERY

B HTorOBOM

BOCCTaHaBnHBaeMOM

1KYpHane

I1cnonb3yeTcR

napaMeTp

STOPAT

RECOVERY

Anll

BbinonHeHHIl

BOCCTaHOBneHHIl

Ha onpeAeneHHblH

MOMeHT BpeMeHI1

Kor,n:a SQL

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)I(ypHaJI

TpaH3aKl.l,HH, )l(ypHaJIhI

H3MeHeHH5I B )l(ypHaJIe rpaH3aKl.l,HH:

rrpHMeH5IlOTC5I

CepBepOM

Server

K 6a3e ,n:aHHhIX. 06hlqHO KOTophle KorrHH 6hIJIH BHeceHhI

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pe3epBHhle

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C MOMeHTa

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rrapaMeTp

Bcex

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rrOCJIe,n:Hero.

Ha onpeLl,eJIeHHbIH LOG

I1HCTPYKl.l,HH RESTORE

H RESTORE

DATABASE

rr03BOJI5IlOT TaK)I(e BOCCTaHaBJIHBaTh MOMeHT BpeMeHH. 6y,n:eT He 6y,n:yT MOMeHT

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rrOCJIe 3Toro

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BOCCTaHOBJIeHHe Ha orrpe,n:eJIeHHhIH: orrepaTop STOPAT,

BMeCTe C orrepaTopoM TaKoro

RECOVERY

3a,n:alOIliHH

,n:aTy H BpeM5I. ITpHMepoM USE master LOG DBIC C

BOCCTaHOBJIeHH5I CJIy)l(HT CJIe,n:YlOI.I.J;HH: KO,n:Transact-SQL.

RESTORE FROM WITH BamHo!

BackLogl STOPAT Bce

'Feb

18,200712:00

AM',

RECOVERY rrOCJIe :noro KorrHH BpeMeHH )l(ypHaJIOB H 3arrHcaHHhle TpaH3aKl.l,HH:, B )l(ypHaJI C03,n:aHHhle rrpHMeH5ITh

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HX K 6a3e ,n:aHHhIX. HOBhle BpeMeHH, YKa3aHHOrO

pe3epBHhle

rrOCJIe MOMeHTa

B orrepaTOpe

STOP A T.

tE
2

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nOSpe>KP.eHHOM crpaHMLtbl
C nOllHOM MI1M pa3HOCTHoil

crp3HM4bl

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HCnOl1bJyeTcA onepaTOp

PAGE

AIlA

yxa3aHI4R

CTpaHMI.4,

XOTopble

H)'J<HO

RESTORE DATABASE PAGE '1,610'

DB1C

FROM BacklC

WI TH NORECOVERY
Boccr3HaBnM83tOTCJI

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SQL

Server

2008

Enterprise

Edition

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2008

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2008

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=
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