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:

1-39

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, 11

,
2010

Copyright 2001 by Bible Lessons International, Marshall, Texas (Revised 2006, 2010)
.
.
Bible Lessons International
P. O. Box 1289
Marshall, TX 75671-1289
1-800-785-1005
ISBN
:
New American Standard Bible (Update, 1995),
( , 1995)
Copyright 1960, 1962, 1963, 1968, 1971, 1972, 1973, 1975, 1977, 1995,
Lockman Foundation
P. O. Box 2279
La Habra, CA 90632-2279
,
:
1. The New King James Version (NKJV), , Copyright 1979,
1980, 1982, . Thomas Nelson, Inc. . .
2. The New Revised Standard Version of the Bible (NRSV),
, Copyright 1989, .
. .
.
3. Todays English Version (TEV), ,
, , 1966,
1971. . .
4. The New Jerusalem Bible (NJB), , copyright 1990, . Darton,
Longman & Todd, Ltd. and Doubleday, Bantam Doubleday Dell Publishing
Group, Inc. . .

www. freebiblecommentary.org


, . 6
, . 8
, ....... 15
: ? ..... 17
: . 20
:
.... 29
1 .......... 41
2 .......... 74
3 .......... 92
4 ........ 103
5 ........ 110
6 ............ 129
7 ............ 143
8 ........ 153
9 ........ 168
10 .......... 177
11 ...... 188
12 ...... 198
13 .......... 203
14 .......... 212
15 .......... 227
16 .......... 233
17 .......... 239
18 .......... 247
19 .......... 253
20 .......... 264
21 ...... 268
22 ...... 276
2

 23 .......... 288
24 .......... 296
25 .......... 308
26 .......... 317
27 .......... 330
28 ...... 339
29 ...... 350
30 .......... 361
31 .......... 375
32 .......... 382
33 .......... 393
34 .......... 403
35 .......... 412
36 ...... 418
37 ...... 426
38 ...... 441
39 ...... 451
1: ............... .... 455
2: ............ .... 458
3: ............ 463
4:
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. : , .......... 474
. .......... 479
5: ................ 483


, 1:1 ........................................................................................................................................44
, 1:3 ................................................................................48
/ , 1:3 ......................................49
, 1:4 .......................................................................................................................................51
, 1:4 .........................................................................................................................................54
, 1:9 ................................................................................................................................57
( ), 1:9 ........................................................................................................................58
, 1:16 ......................................................................................................................61
, 1:19 ................................................................................................................................................64
, 1:22 ........................................................................67
, 1:31 ...............................................................................................................................................71
, 2:2 ...................................................................................................................77
, 2:2 ..............................................................78
, , 3:1 ..............................................................................95
, 3:8 ..................................................................................................................................................97
, 3:18 ............................................................................................................................101
, 4:2 .................................................................................................................................105
, 4:3 ............................................................................................................................107
, 5:10 ......................................................................116
?, 5:14 ................................................................................................................120
, 5:25 ....................................................................................................125
() , 6:1 ..........132
, 6:1 ...............133
, 6:3 .............................................................................................................................................134
, 6:8 .............................................................................................................................................138
, 6:10 .............................................................................................................140
, 8:3 .........................................................................................................................156
, 8:14-15 ...............................................................................................................164
, 11:12 ...............................................................................................195
, 14 .................................................................................213
4

, /
, 14:9 ...........................................................................................................................................220
, 15:2-3 ............................................................230
(Hesed), 16:5 ............................................................................................................................236
, 17:8 ....................................................243
/, 19:21 ...........................................................................................................................262
, , , , 22:23 ....................................................283
, 24 ...........................................297
, , , 24:1 .............................................................................................................299
, 24:23 ..................................................................................................................................306
//, 25:1 ........................................................................................310
, , 26:8 ................................................................................322
/ , 27:13 .................................................................................................................337
/, 29:22 .......................................................................................................................358
, , 30:2 ...............................................................364
( ), 30:10 ...........................................................................367
// (Olam), 32:14 .....................................................................................................388
, 32:15-20 .............................................................................................390
(Shalom), 32:17 .................................................................................................................................391
, 33:2 ..........................................................................................................................................396
( ), 34:11-15 ..............................................................................................................408
, 37:21-24 ........................................................................................................433
, 37:36 ...........................................................................................................................439
, , 38:17 ..................................................................................................449


,

I.
.
. - , ..
. [Hebrew and English Lexicon of the Old Testament by Francis Brown, S.
R. Driver, and Charles A. Briggs].
. BDB.
.
[The Hebrew and Aramaic Lexicon of the Old Testament, Ludwig Koehler and
Walter Baumgartner] ... [M.E.J. Richardson].
KB.
. .
[A Concise Hebrew and Aramaic Lexicon of the Old Testament by William L.
Holladay]. .
.
.
. [The New International Dictionary of Old Testament Theology and
Exegesis, edited by Willem A. Van Gemeren]. NIDOTTE.
, ,
(NASB, NKJV, NRSV, TEV, NJB),
(. ,
, [Gordon Fee and Douglas Stuart, How To Read The
Bible For All Its Worth], . 28-44).
II.

[Analytical
Key to the Old Testament by John Joseph Owens].
[Analytical
Hebrew and Chaldee Lexicon of the Old Testament],
[Benjamin Davidson].

,
,
, [United
Bible Societies], __________ [
].
III.

( ). ,
,
. :
6

.
.
.
.
.
.

hapax legomena (, )
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(NIDOTTE, . 52-54)
,
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. .
. .
. , / (
, )
.
,
, . .
, (900-
..): . NIDOTTE, . 1, . 51-67,
[The Reliability of the Old Testament Text by Bruce K. Waltke].

[Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia], 1997,
[German Bible Society] (1009 . ..).
(,
) : ,
, .


,

I. .
() -
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..).
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14- ..).
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.31:47 [2 ]; .10:11; . 2:4-6; 7:28; .4:8-6:18; 7:12-26;
.. ).
.19:18 .
, 180 . .. (
, . Anchor Bible
[Anchor Bible Dictionary], . 4, . 205 .).
, , .
, , :
1. , 925 . .. ( )
2. , 705 . .. ( )
3. , 770 . .. ( )
4. , 587 . .. ( )
5.
6.
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( , . , [Sue Groom, Linguistic Analysis of
Biblical Hebrew], . 46-49).

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8

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(paronomasia).

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Wash Watts, A Survey of Syntax in the Hebrew Old Testament] :
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[S. R. Driver, A Treatise on the Use of the Tenses in Hebrew]
:
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7. Hophal Hiphil.
.
10


. . [An Introduction to Biblical
Hebrew Syntax, by Bruce K. Waltke and M. OConnor], . 343-452.
- .
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Hiphil).

.

Qal

Hiphil

Piel

Niphal

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Pual

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(. . , . ,
[Bruce K. Waltke, M.
OConnor, An Introduction to Biblical Hebrew Syntax, by], . 354-359.).
.. [R. H. Kennett, A Short Account of the Hebrew Tenses]
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. 46-49), :
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lu, ,
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[J. Wash Watts, A
Survey of Syntax in the Hebrew Old Testament]: .13:16; .1:12; 3.13:8;
.23:4; .1:18 (. . 76-77).
. ( )//. ()
12

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Watts, A Survey of Syntax in the Hebrew Old Testament]

(. 52-53). , ,
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.
[J. Weingreen, A Practical Grammar for Classical Hebrew]
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14

AB

Anchor Bible [Anchor Bible Commentaries, ed.

William Foxwell Albright and David Noel Freedman]

ABD

Anchor Bible (6 ) [Anchor Bible Dictionary (6 vols.),

ed. David Noel Freedman]

AKOT [Analytical Key to the Old Testament, John Joseph

Owens]
ANET [Ancient Near Eastern Texts, James B. Pritchard]
BDB

- [A Hebrew and English Lexicon of

the Old Testament, F. Brown, S. R. Driver and C. A. Briggs]

BHS

[Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia, GBS, 1997]

DSS

[Dead Sea Scrolls]

IDB

(4 ) [The Interpreters Dictionary of the Bible (4

vols.), ed. George A. Buttrick]

ISBE (5 ) [International Standard

Bible Encyclopedia (5 vols.), ed. James Orr]
JB

[Jerusalem Bible]

JPSOA : [The Holy Scriptures

According to the Masoretic Text: A New Translation (The Jewish Publication Society of
America)]
KB

[The Hebrew and Aramaic

Lexicon of the Old Testament, Ludwig Koehler and Walter Baumgartner]

LAM

(The Peshitta) [The Holy Bible From

Ancient Eastern Manuscripts (the Peshitta), George M. Lamsa]

LXX

(- ) [Septuagint (Greek-English) by Zondervan,

1970]

MOF

(.) [A New Translation of the Bible by James Moffatt]

MT

[Masoretic Hebrew Text]

15

NAB

[New American Bible Text]

NASB [New American Standard Bible]

NEB

[New English Bible]

NET

: [NET Bible: New English Translation, Second Beta

Edition]

NIDOTTE (5 )
[New International Dictionary of Old Testament Theology and Exegesis (5 vols.), ed. Willem
A. Van Gemeren]
NIV

( ) [New International Version]

NJB

[New Jerusalem Bible]

NRSV ( ) [New Revised Standard Bible]

OTPG [Old Testament Passing Guide, Todd S. Beall, William
A. Banks and Colin Smith]
REB

[Revised English Bible]

RSV

( ) [Revised Standard Version]

SEPT

(- ) [The Septuagint (Greek-English), Zondervan,

1970]

TEV

( ) [Todays English Version from United

Bible Societies]

YLT

, [Youngs Literal Translation of

the Holy Bible, Robert Young]

ZPBE (5 ) [Zondervan Pictorial

Bible Encyclopedia (5 vols.), ed. Merrill C. Tenney]

16

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5. 1995 (NASB)
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[Gordon Fee and Douglas Stuart, How To Read The
Bible For All Its Worth]; . . , [D.
Brent Sandy and Ronald L. Giese, Cracking Old Testament Codes]; ,
[Robert Stein, Playing by the Rules]).
18


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27 1996

19

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Textus Receptus.
2. (NRSV),
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28


I.
. ( 411
).
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1.
2.
3.
. :
1. / , 7-14
2. , 41:1-4; 42:1-9; 49:1-7; 50:4-11; 52:13-53:12 (, 61:1-3)
3. ( ), 56-66. ,
3 , !
. . [Edward J. Young, An Introduction
to the OT] :
1.
, . 168.
2. ,
, . 171.
3.
, . 172.

II.
. , .
. , .
, (iah),
, , J
, : Joshua () Joel ().

III.
. :
1.
2.
3.
4. ( )
.
.

29

IV.
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1.
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5. ,

V.
.
1. Baba Bathra 14b , (..,
) : ,
, .
2. , 48:17-25 ( . 185 . ..),
, , (.1:1; 12:1; 13:1).
3. 2.32:32 ,
4.18:19-20:19 .
) ,
.
(1) , (iah) ,
,

(2)

(3) . , Meg. 10b
) (8:3).
(1) , - (7:3),
(2) , --- (8:3),
,
) .

(742-735 . ..) (715-687 . ..);
, (687-642 .
..); , 696 . ..
30

) 2.26:22 ,
.
) , ,
(. [I . ]),
(. .11:37).
4. - ( 110 . ..) , 1-39
, 40-66
( , 538-430 . ..)
5. (1092-1167 . ..) ,
, 40-66 .
.
1. ..
[R. K. Harrison, Introduction to the Old Testament], .
Eerdmans, 1969.
2.
..
[S.R. Drivers Introduction to the Literature of the OT], 1972 .
3. (LXX)
, 139 40-66.
) (DSS) 33
.
, 39.
) , 1-33 34-66,
. ,
, ,
, (.
, ).
4. ,
, .
.
1. ,
(NIV, . . , . 1014).
2. 13 1-39 14 40-66,
.
3. .12:38,40 .53:1 6:10,
, .
4. 40-66 .3:3; 8:17; 12:17; .3:4; 4:17; .1:23;
.8:28; .10:16-20 , .
5. -
39 (MT, DSS, LXX).
6.
() 6 .. ..
[R.K. Harrison, Introduction to the Old Testament]
:

, ,
31

 , .
- [GraffWellhausen],
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.
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(. 776).
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1. 40-66 .
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(1) , 1-39
(2) , 40-55
(3) , 56-66
(4) 1-39 , 40-66 , , ; , ,
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(2)
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() , 54:17
5.
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(. 780).
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VI.
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760- ..
742 . .., (6:1).
(783-742 . ..).

. :
(783-742 . ..), (742-735 . ..), (735715 . ..), (715-687 . ..), (687-642 . ..),
/ 37:38 ([. ] ..
681 . ..).
. .. ,
, /
.
, 630 . ..

33

VII.

. :
1. 4- , 14:3-17:6
2. 2- , 25-28
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
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4. ,
.

, ,
.
.
1. ,
, .
34

 .
, .

, .
2. 4.17:7-18:
) . 8 , :
(1) (. .18:22-23)
() , . 9,10,11
() // (), . 10,16
() (. ), . 16;
, ;

(2) , . 17;
19-20 18
) . 16 , ,
I (3.12:28-29)

) . 16 , :
, ,
) . 18 , , ,
(. .18:21; 20:2-5); ,

3. (. . , [William F.
Albright, Archaeology and the Religion of Israel], . 82 .)
) .
(1) ,
.
. . , (), .
,
.
(2) .
) , ,
, .
)
, .
.
) (). . , ,
, .
4. :
) , I

)
)

. ..,
.
35

1.

-
.
, .
)
, - (735 . ..).

.
. III,
(745-727 . ..), ,
.
) - (732-722 . ..),
, . V (727722 . ..) . ,
722 . .. , II (722-705 . ..),
. 27000
, III 732 .
..
2. (735-715 . ..)
(714-711 .
..). .
.
,
.
3. II 705 . ..
,
.
) . (705-681 . ..),
, 701 .
(. 4.18-19; .36-39),
.
) ,
(., ,
701 . .., , , 688 . ..; .
[John Bright, A History of Israel], . 270).
) , ,
, ,
(39:1-8). 587-586 . ..
.
4. II, (41:2-4; 44:28; 45:1; 56:11). ( )
612 . .., 539 . .. ,
. 538 . .. ,
, , .

. , ,
.

36

VIII. ()
.
1. 1-39,
2. 40-66 (, , 40-55 56-66),
. 1-39, ( )
1. 1-6,
2. 7-14,
3. 15-39, ( 36-39 4.18:1320:19)
. 40-66, ,
1. 1-39 , , ,
, 40-55 .
, .
,
.
2. , 1-39
, - , 13-14, 21 39.
40-55
.
3. , 55-66, .

,
.
.
1. , , : 139 40-66. .. , 1-33 34-66, -
, DSS.
DSS 33 34
, .
.. [W. H. Brownlee] ,
.
1
1-5
6-8
9-12
13-23
24-27
28-31
32-33

,








37

2
34-35
36-40
41-45
46-48
49-55
56-59
60-66

2.

,
:
NIV
7-12

28-33

,



:

[Leupold]

(. )

( )

3.
( 1-12)
) 1-12 .. [E. J. Young], . 211-214:
(1) 1:1-12:6 ,
() 1:1-31

() 2:1-4:6
() 5:1-30

() 6:1-13

() 7:1-12:6 ,
) 1-12 .. [R. K. Harrison], . 764:
(1) , . 1-5
(2) ; , . 6-8
(3) , . 9-12
) 1-12 NIV, . 1016:
(1) 1-6
() : , . 1
() , . 2-4
i (2:1-5)
ii (2:6-4:1)
iii (4:2-6)
() (. 5)
() , (. 6)
(2) 7-12
()
(. 7)
() (8:1-9:7)
() (9:8-10:4)
() (10:5-12:6)
i (10:5-34)
ii , (. 11)
iii (. 12)

38

IX.
.
(2.7),
(.12:1-3),
(.., .19:5-6).
! ,
!
. ,
(
). ( ). ,
,
, -.
.
, . /
/ !
.
:
1.
2.
3. /

( . 23)
, , , ,
.
, .
, .
.
.
.
1. .
2. .

39

 ( . 24)
, , , ,
.
, .
, .
.
.
.
1. .
2. .
3. .
4. .
5. .

40

 , 1
*
NASB

1:1-3
(2-3)

1:4
(4)
1:5-6
(5-6)
1:7-9
(7-9)

1:10-15
(10-15)

NKJV

NRSV

TEV

NJB

1:1

1:1

1:2-4
(2-3)

1:2-31
(2-3)

(4)
1:5-9
(5-6)

(4)

1:1

1:2-3

1:1

1:2-9
(2-9)

1:4-6
(5-6)
1:7-9
(7-9)
1:10-17
(10-11)
(12-15)

(7-9)
1:10-14
(10-17)

1:10-20
(10)

1:15-17
(11-17)
1:16-17
(16-17)

1:18-20
(18-20)
;

1:21-23
(21-23)

(16-17)
1:18-20
(18-20)

1:18-20
(18-20)

(18-20)

1:21-23
(21-23)

1:21-23
(21-23)

1:21-28
(21)
(22-23)

1:24-26
(24-26)

1:24-31
(24-26)

1:24-26
(24-26)

(24)

,
. ,
. , .
-. , ,
.
, , , ,
(). . ,
, , .
.
.

.

41

(25)
(26)
1:27-31
(27-31)

1:27-28
(27-31)

(27-31)
1:29-31

(27-28)

1:29-31
(29-31)

( . 24)

, , , ,
.
, .
, .
.
. .
.
, ,
. , .
1. .
2. .
3. .
4. .

.
/:
1. (. . 2,18)
2. (. . 24-26)
3. , /
. ,
6. 1 . ,
.
, , ,
, ,
. .. [R. K. Harrison]
.
42

. 1 . ,
, .
, :
1.
2. ,
3.
4.
, 26 28
, !
, ,
. ! ,
/ ,
, ,
!

: .1:1-3
1
, , , ,
, , .
2
, , , ,
:
,
.
3
,
;
,
.
1:1 (BDB 302) /,
, (. 29:7; .3:6). 29:7
(. .7:1). , , .
, ,
, , (
). , ,
, . , , ,
!
, , .
, ,
, (. 2:1; 13:1; .1:1; .1:1; .1:1).
(BDB 447) ,
( ). ,
(iah), , ,
, (. .3:14).
43

. (El, BDB 42, KB 48)

1. ,
, , ,
, , (.
.17:1; .23:19; .7:21; .49:1).
2. ( Ras Shamra).
3.
. :
) - (El-Elyon) ( , BDB 42 & 751 II) .14:18-22; .32:8;
.14:14
) - (El-Roi) (, , , BDB
42 & 909) .16:13
) - (El-Shaddai) (
, BDB 42 & 994), .17:1; 35:11; 43:14; 49:25; .6:3
) - (El-Olam) ( , BDB 42 & 761) .21:13.
, . 2.7:13,16
) - (El-Berit) ( , BDB 42 & 136), .9:46
4. , :
) (YHWH) .84:9; .42:5
) (Elohim) .46:3; .5:8, (), ()
) (Shaddai) .49:25
) , .34:14; .4:24; 5:9; 6:15
) .4:31; .9:31; , .7:9; 32:4
) .7:21; 10:17; .1:5; 9:32; .9:4
) , 1.2:3
) ( . : ) 2.22:33
) 2.22:48
) .5:16
) .10:21
) .12:2
) .32:18
) .51:56
5. ..22:22 (,
, , )
. (Elyon, BDB 751, KB 832)
1. , ,
(. .40:17; 3.9:8; 4.18:17; .3:25; .20:2; 36:10;
.17:14)
2. ,
:
) (Elohim) .46:2-3; 72:11; 106:11
) (YHWH) .14:22; 2.22:14
) - (El-Shaddai) .90:1,9
) (El) .24:16
) (Elah) .2-6 .4-7,
(illair) ( ) .3:26; 4:2; 5:18,21
44

3. :
) , .14:18-22
) , .24:15
) , .32:8
) , ,
Hupsistos (. 1:32,35:76; 6:35; 8:28; .7:48;
16:17)
. (..), (..) , , (BDB 43, KB 52).
1. - .
2. (. .12:12; 20:3).
(. ..24:2).
3. (. .21:6; .81:6).
4. (, ), ,
, .32:8 (LXX); .8:5; .1:6; 38:7.
(. .21:6; .81:6).
5. () , (.
.1:1).
.2:4, . (
), ,
(. .103).
(. .32:15-19).
, .13 () .52 (),
.
6. , ,
;
, ,
.
7. , :
) , .14:18-22
) , .24:2
) , , .32:8
8. ,
! ,
.
)
,
.
, ,

.
) ,
(3.22:19-23; .1:6; .81:1;
88:6,8).
) ,
. .1:1 ; .1:2
;
,
- (. .1:3,10; .11:36; 1.8:6; .1:15; .1:2; 2:10).
45

. (YHWH, BDB 217, KB 394)

1. , ; ,
! , , ,
(. .102).
.2:4. .1-2
, : (1)
( ), (2)
. .2-4
,
.
2. .4:26 : ().
.6:3 , ( )
-. .3:13-16,
. 14. , , ,
,
(. .17:5; 27:36; 29:13-35).
( IDB, 2, . 409-11):
) , ,
) , , ( )
) () , ,
) , (
), , , , ,
, ,
) Qal, , , , ,
( , )
) Hiphil, ,
,
) (, .3:20),
; ,
) .3:13-16,
, , -,
, (. J. Wash Watts, A Survey of Syntax in the Old Testament,
. 67 . , , . 67).
,
:
(1) Yah () (., Hallelu-yah, -, BDB 219, . .15:2; 17:16; .88:10;
103:35)
(2) Yahu () ( , ., Isaiah, )
(3) Yo () ( , ., Joel, )
3.
(), ,
, .20:7; .5:11; 6:13.
, , , , adon ()
adonai () ( ).
, .
(YHWH) (LORD).
4. , ,
.
, :
46

) YHWH Yireh ( ; , , BDB 217 & 906), .22:14

) YHWH Rophekha ( ; , BDB 217 & 950, Qal), .15:26
) YHWH Nissi ( ; , BDB 217 & 651), .17:15
) YHWH Meqaddishkem ( ; , , BDB
217 & 872, Piel-), .31:13
) YHWH Shalom ( ; , BDB 217 & 1022), .6:24
) YHWH Sabbaoth ( ; , BDB 217 & 878),
1.1:3,11; 4:4; 15:2;
) YHWH RoI ( ; , BDB 217 & 944, Qal-), .22:1
) YHWH Sidqenu ( ; , BDB 217 & 841),
.23:6
) YHWH Shammah ( ; , BDB 217 & 1027), .48:35
(BDB 55) .
, .
(, BDB 302, KB 301, Qal-) ,
(), , , , ().
(. .1:1).
, ( ).
- ,
. . 740 . ..
( ).
.
4.
1:2 , , , ,
:
1. , BDB 1033, KB 1570, Qal-, . . 10,15,19; 6:8,9 (),10, ..
2. , BDB 24, KB 27, Hiphil-, . 1:2,10; 8:9; 28:23; 32:9; ..
,
.
! . 1:2
, .
2,
. .
(., .6:6-8; .2:1 .; .8:31 .).

(. .4:26; 30:19; 31:28; 32:1; .49:4).
(BDB 1029) ,
(. .1).
.
47

 . .
1:1.
,
, .11:1-4 (. .4:22; .32:6;
.3:4; 31:9, . ()
6:1). ,
, : (1) /; (2) ; (3) -.
(BDB 833, KB 981, Qal-) ,
, (. 1:28; 43:27; 46:8; 53:12; 59:13;
66:24).
, , (.
.39:9; 2.12:13; .40:5; 50:6). .
[Norman H. Snaith, The Distinctive Ideas of the Old Testament] : ()
() , , (. 65).
(. .1:26,27). ,
! (), () (),
(. 1:3), ,
. , , .
, , !
1:3 , .
, ,
!
(BDB 393, KB 390, Qal-)
- -/-, (. .4:1; .1:5). , ,
(. 5:12,13; 6:9-13; 30:9).
(. .1-3,11). ,
, , ,
.
, .
.

, ,
. ,
. ,
(., , .3:15; 12:13; .19:5-6; .31:31-34; .18; 36:22-39;
.2:23; 3:18; 4:28; 13:29; .3:9-18,19-20,21-32), ,
48

 (. .1:26-27). (. .3:28-29; .3:11).

, , (.2:11-3:13)!
, , .
.
! ,
( !), , .

: /

. ,
, , ,
! , ,
;
, .
,
, !
: 9
, 10
(. 10:11,13).
.1:4.
, ( ).
( ). .1:4
, , ,
(). ,
! ()
, !
,
.
- . ,
, , . ,
-
() :
1.
2.
3. ,
4. ()
5. ()

6.
7.
8.

9. ,

10.
11.
12.
49

 (
)
,
(. .1:15; .3:16,19; 20:21).

! ,
!

(BDB 106, KB 122, Hithpalel-)

, , . ,
(. 6:9,10; .4:6; 32:29).
( ),
, ! 5:18-23,
. 21 (. .4:12). ,
(. .2:28-29; 9:6)!

: .1:4
4
, ,
,
,
!
,
,
.

1:4 (BDB 222) ,

(. 10:5; 17:12; 28:1; 29:15; 31:1; 45:9,10; .5:18; 6:1).
(BDB 306, KB 305, Qal-
) . goy (BDB 156),
, ,
(. .19:5-6).
(. .19:5-6), , , ,
. !
/
, (BDB 458)
(. .11:28). , ,
, , (..
), ,
,
.

50

,
.
.
,

. , , ,
. , , (),
.
, .
(. .1:26-27; 5:1,3; 9:6).
, .
, , . ,
, , , , !
(.3), ,
, .
(. .3; .5:12-21).
(. .3:15).
.
(. .1:18-3:20).

, , , ,
, , .
, (.
.3:21-31; .3). ,
. :
1.
(, , );
2. (), ,
( );
3. ,
( );
4.
(. .1:26-27) ( ).
, . ( ..
) ,
:
1. ;
2. ;
3. ;
4.
,
. ,
,
. .
, .
, 100 .
51

, , dikaiosun
SDQ, , .
, ,
. .
, . ,
. .
( ).
,
( ) ( ).
,
justice ( )
righteousness ( ).
( ) ,
. ,
. , ; ,
; ,
. ,
( ,
, ,
).
(.. ,
[ ]),
,
( ).
, !
, .4 .20, ,
.
(. .1-2),
(. .20-21).
!
,
, .
1. ( ):
) 3:26
) 2 1:5-6
) 2 4:8
) 16:5
2. :
) 3:14; 7:52; 22:14 ( )
) 27:19
) 1 2:1,29; 3:7
3. :
) 19:2
) 5:48 (. 5:17-20)
4. :
) 3:21-31
) 4
) 5:6-11
) 3:6-14
52

) :
1) 3:24; 6:23
2) 1 1:30
3) 2:8-9
) :
1) 1:17; 3:22,26; 4:3,5,13; 9:30; 10:4,6,10
2) 1 5:21
) :
1) 3:21-31
2) 2 5:21
3) 2:6-11
5. , :
) 5:3-48; 7:24-27
) 2:13; 5:1-5; 6:1-23
) 2 6:14
) 1 6:11
) 2 2:22; 3:16
) 1 3:7
) 1 2:24
6. :
) 17:31
) 2 4:8
, ( )
. :
1. ,
2. ,
3. .
,
, .
,
, ,
, .
, IVP
(Dictionary of Paul and His Letters from IVP):
, , ,
. ,
, .
(. 834).
, :
1. ( ),
2. ( ),
3. , ( ).
, ,
, , . -
, , , ,
.
!
!
!
53

 ,
! .20:5, ,
.
:
1. , . 4
2. , . 4
3. , . 4
4. , . 4
, :
1. (BDB 736, KB 806, Qal-)
2. (BDB 610, KB 658, Piel-)
3. (BDB 266, KB 267, Niphal-)
, (,
).
!
.
(BDB 282) (. .12:7;
13:15,16; 16:10; 22:17,18; 24:7; 26:3,4,24; 28:13,14; 32:12), !

(. .12:48)!

(. 1:4; 5:19; 10:17,20; 12:6; 17:7; 29:19,23; 30:11,12,15; 31:1; 37:23; ,
40:25; 41:14,16,20; 43:3,14, 15; 45:11; 47:4; 48:17; 49:7; 54:5; 55:5; 60:9,14).
, (. .19:2; .5:48; 1.1:16).
, , ,
.
(. .15; .3; ).
, ,
, , .
, .
(. .31:31-34; .36:22-38) ,
, (. .2:14-26). ,
(. .5:48).

:
,
, .
. (.4).
(, ).
. ,
, ,
, ,
. ,
, , .
54


, 20:23; 26:18
, 15:16;
1 , 1:2-3; 6:11
2 , 2:13
, 2:11; 10:10,14; 13:12
1 , 1:1

, 6:19
2 , 7:1
1 , 3:13; 4:3-4,7; 5:23
1 , 2:15
2 , 2:21
, 12:14
1 , 1:15-16

BDB 30, (. 44:25). :

(. . 2).

: .1:5-6
5
,
?
,
.
6

:
, , ,

.

1:5 .
(. 53:4-6;
.102:3; .5:13). ,
! (. .9:2; .5:5).
NKJV, NRSV, TEV, NIV, RSV ASV ,
/ (BDB 752 II),
.
(BDB 414, KB 418, Hiphil-)
,
.
(,
, ). .8:18
.1:22, , .
1:6 (BDB 1071) , ,
, , , .
, :
55

1. , (. .20:5,6; .77:72; 100:2)

2. (. .37:4)
. 6 :
1.
2.
3. ( , . .10:34; .5:14)
( ),
, (. .6:1).

: .1:7-9
7
;
;
;
, .
8
, ,
, .
9

,
, ,
.

1:7 732 . 701 . .., ,

, 586 . ..,
. ,
.
. .
, ,
. , 28
.

NASB, NKJV

NRSV

TEV, NJB

(BDB 266, KB 267, Qal- ,

) , , , (. 25:2,5; 29:5; 61:5),
, .
, (. 10:5).
1:8 - . 2.
, :
1. , .1:8; 10:32; 16:1; 37:22; 52:2; 62:11; .4:31; 6:23; .1:6; 2:1,4,8; 2:18;
.4:8,10,13; .3:14; .2:10; 9:9
2. , .37:22
3. (. ), .2:2,5,13,15; .4:8
4. , .44:13
56

5. , .136:8; .47:1 (- [. ]); .50:42; 51:33;

.2:7
6. , .22:4; .4:11; 6:26; 8:11,19,21,22; 9:1,7; .2:11; 3:48; 4:6,10
7. - (. ), .23:12; 37:22; .14:17; 46:11; .1:15; 2:13
8. , .46:24
9. , .4:21,22
10. , .23:10
11. , .47:1,5
12. - (. ), .31:22
, , ,
, , .
(. 24:20),
,
. (. . 9).
1:9 (NASB ) . .

, , :
. , ; . 1:1
. (BDB 838), :
1. (. .9:6)
2. (. 1.17:45; .8:10; .2:13)
3. (. 3.22:19; .7:10)
4. (. .2:4,6; .8:6; 9:29)
5. , (.,
, . .4:19; 17:3; 4.17:16; 21:3,5; 23:4-5; 2.33:3,5;
.8:2; 19:13)
6. .4:13; 5:27 (
.3:13; 6:14; 9:5, 3.5:14,15,16; 6:8; 19:10,14).
, , .
7. ..5:14-15,
, - . ,
, , .

,
/
.
(. 10:20-22;
11:11,16; 37:4,31,32; 46:3, . ), .9:19-29
! !

57

( )

( ).
, :
1. , ( ) (., .10:20-23; 17:4-6; 37:31-32;
.42:15,19; 44:12,14,28; .1:8);
2. , (., .4:1-5; 11:11,16; 28:5; .2:32; .5:14-15;
.2:12-13; 4:6-7; 5:7-9; 7:18-20);
3. , /
(., .9:11-15).
, 18-19
. , /,
/.

: .1:10-15
10
,
;
,
!
11
?
.

,
.
12
,
, ?
13
:
;
,
: !
14
:
;
.
15
,
;
,
:
.

1:10-15 . 2-6 !
1:10 . 2 .
58

 :
, .
, goy . 4.

NASB

NKJV

NRSV, TEV

(BDB 435). .
(1) ; (2) ; (3)
. ,
.
1:11 ,
,
, (. 29:13; .6:6; .5:21-27; .6:6-8). /
,
(. .49). . [Hard Sayings of the Bible], . 207-208,
274-275.
(BDB 959, KB 1302, Qal-)
.
,
.
,
( ) ,
, ,
, . ,
.
(BDB 342, KB 339, Qal-)
.
(. .8:21; .29:18,25). ,
(. . 10-15).
1:12 /
(.. .23:17). , ,
, !
1:13 (BDB 996) , , ,
, , ; .
:
1. (.2:8; .30:7)
2. ()
3. , (.5:18)
4. (.20:17; .5:11; .138:20)
5. (.59:4)
59

 (BDB 882) ,
. , :
1.
2. ( ) ,
,
/
! ,
7 . .
(. .6:9-10). , (.
1.3:5). ,
! , - ! , ,
, , ,
.
(NASB , , BDB 1072)
, .
:
1. , .18:22
2. , .18:26,27,29,30
3. , .7:25,26; 12:31; 14:3; 17:4; 27:15; 32:16; 4.16:3; 23:13; .32:35
4. , .17:1
5. , .18:9,12
6. , .22:5
7. , .23:18; 3.14:24
8. , , .24:4
9. , .25:15-16; .11:1; 20:10,23
10. , .3:32; 6:16-19; 8:7; 11:20; 12:22; 15:26; .7:10
11. , , .15:8,9; 21:27
12. /, .16:5
13. /, .16:12
14. -, .17:15
15. , .1:13
, ,
. , /
(. .28:11-15; 4.4:23; .66:23)
, (. .23:14-17;
34:18-26; .23; .16:1-17).
1:14
, .
( ).
1:15 , (
NASB) ; , .
(. .9:29,33; 3.8:38,54; 2.6:12) (. .11:41; 17:1)
. (. 8:17; 54:8; 59:2; .31:17;
.11:11; .8:18) , ,
,
60

. ,
,
.

.

: .1:16-17
16
, ;
;
;
17
,
,
,
,
.

1:16-17 :
1. , BDB 934, KB 1220, Qal-
2. , BDB 269, KB 269, Hithpael-
3. , BDB 693, KB 747, Hiphil-
4. , BDB 292, KB 292, Qal-
5. , BDB 540, KB 531, Qal-
6. , BDB 205, KB 233, Qal-
7. , BDB 80, KB 97, Piel- (, )
8. , BDB 1047, KB 1622, Qal-
9. , BDB 936, KB 1224, Qal-
,
, (. .25:31-46).
, ,
/ .
, .
: (.. , ) ?
, , !
, ( ),
.18:31 .36:26-27 ( . .2:8-9,10).

1. , ,
.
, ,
, .

61

 ! (
, , , . 1.3:16-17),
( )!
2. ( )
( , ,
, -,
.
. ,
. ).
, !
!
)
)
) ,
)
)
) -,
) (, . .6)
) ()
) (.4) , (. .2:14-26)
) (. .14:1-23; 1.8:1-13; 10:23-33)
(. .5:16-21; .4:1)
)
) ,
) :
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
) ,

) (.
.1:15; .20:21)
) ,
(. .3:17-19 5:21-48; .7 .3)
) / /
1:17
NASB
NKJV
NRSV
TEV
NJB

,

62

LXX

Peshitta

( ),
,
(BDB 80, KB 97, Piel-), . ,
, ,
(.., Qal-, BDB 330).

(. .22:21-22; .24:17,19,20,21; .24:3; .67:6; .7:6; .5:3; .22:7; .7:10;
.3:5).
(., .10:18; .9:35,39; 67:6; .49:11).

!

: .1:18-20
18
,
.
, ,
;
, ,
.
19
,
;
20
,
:
.

1:18-20
(.. ),
!
.
, !
, (. .26;
.28).
:
1. (. , , ), BDB 229, KB 246, Qal-
2. (NASB ), BDB 406, KB 410, Niphal-,
. .23:7
, , (
, . 19) (.. , . 19):
1. ( , )
2. ( )
3.
, ( , .
20) (BDB 549, KB 540, Piel-)
63

 (BDB 598, KB 632, Qal-). (BDB 37,

KB 46, Qal- ) .
,
.
. , .
, ,
. , 1-2 ,
/ .
( ). .
1:19.
, ,
(.., ). (
) , (. .102:11-14; .38:17; 43:25; 44:22; .7:19)!
, ! !
, ,
, . 15.
1:19 . 19, (.,
; [BDB 37, KB 46, Qal-],
), . 20, (Qal Pual-),
. , ,
(. .26 .27-28)!
, :
. ,
(. .6:46; .2:14-26).

:
berith (BDB 136), , .
.

. ,

.
,
. ,
.
.
, :
1. (. .1-2);
2. (. .12);
3. (. .15);
4. (. .6-9).
,
:
64

1.
(. .2);
2. ,
(. .12, 15);
3.
(. .6-9);
4.
,
(. .27-28).

. , .18 .36:27-37 ( ).
:
? , .
: (1) , .3, (2)
, .
.31:31-34 , ,
.
, .
, ,
. (.
.3:9-18). , (.
.7; .3).

.
, ( ,
). : ,
; , !
,
(. .2:8-10).
, . ,
!
.
1:20 ( )
(. .24:3; 25:8; 40:8; 55:10-11; .5:18; 24:35; .16:17)!
:
1.
2.
3.
4.

: .1:21-23
21
,
!
,
.
65

22
23

,
;

;

;
,
.

1:21-23 , ,
(. .12:5,11,14).
(. . 23).
, ,
(.. ).
:
1. (. .20:13, , , BDB
953, KB 1283, . .7:9; .4:2)
2.
3.
4. (. 5:23; .23:6,8; .16:19; 1.8:3; .25:10; .5:12; .3:11; 7:3)
5.
6.
7. (. .22:21-24; .5:28; 7:6; 22:3; .22:7; .7:10)
. ,
, (
. 21 ).
1:21
22:23.

. , , ,

1:22 .
, ,
!

NASB

NKJV, NRSV,
TEV, NJB

, (. ).

. , ,
, , (.., ).

66

I.
A.
1. Yayin (BDB 406),
141 . ,
. , .
.9:21; .29:40; .15:5,10.
2. Tirosh (BDB 440).
.
, .
. .12:17; 18:4; .62:8-9; .4:11.
3. Asis ( , BDB 779, ., .1:5;
.49:26).
4. Sekar (BDB 1016).
, .
, .
yayin (. .20:1; 31:6; .28:7).
.
1. Oinos yayin.
2. Neos oinos ( ) tirosh (. .2:22).
3. Gleuchos vinos ( ) (. .2:13).
II.
A.
1. (.27:28; .103:14-15; .9:7; .2:8-9; .2:19,24;
.9:13; .10:7).
2. (.29:40; .23:13; .15:7,10; 28:14;
.14:26; .9:13).
3. (2.16:2; .31:6-7).
4. ( .9:21; .19:33,35;
.16:19; 1.25:36; 2.11:13; 2.13:28;
3.16:9; 3.20:12; .6:6; .4).
5. (.20:1; 23:29-35; 31:4-5; .5:11,22; 19:14; 28:7-8;
.4:11).
6. (
, .10:9; .44:21; , .6; ,
.31:4-5; .56:11-12; .7:5).
7. (.9:13; .3:18; .9).
.
1. (.31:27-33).
2. : , ,
. (BB 58).
.
1. (.2:1-11).
2. (.11:18-19; .7:33-34; 22:17 .).
3. , (.2:13).
67

4. (.15:23; .10:34;
1.5:23).
5. .
(1.3:3,8; .1:7; 2:3; 1.4:3).
6. (.22:1 .; .19:9).
7. (.24:49; .11:45; 21:34; 1.5:11-13;
6:10; .5:21; 1.4:3; .13:13-14).
III.
A.
1. .
2. .
3.
(.15:1-20; .7:1-23; 1.8-10; .14:1-15:13).
.
1. ( , .1:31).
2. ,
.
. , .
(. .7:18-23; .14:14,20; 1.10:25-26; 1.4:4;
.1:15).
IV.
. , ,
,
.
. ,
( ),
(Ma aseroth 1:7). .
. .
. 40 .
, (Edhuyyoth
6:1).
. , ( ), ,
.
. .
,
. ,
.
. 100
.
.
V.
A. , ,
/ !
, , .
. .
,
, / .
68

. , .14:1-15:13 1.8-10
, ,
,
. ,
.
. ,
, ,
(., , , )?
1:23
NASB, NKJV,
LXX, Peshitta
NRSV, TEV,
REB

NJB

(BDB 1024) . BDB
, ( [BDB 1005;
. ] ). (1)
(BDB 1024), , , ; (2) (BDB 1024,
. 59:18; NIDOTTE, . 4, . 143).
, .

: .1:24-26
24
, ,
:
,
!
25

, , ,
;
26
, ,
, ;
: " ,
".

1:24-26 (. . 26)
:
1. , , . 24, BDB 636, KB 688, Niphal,
2. , . 24, BDB 667, KB 721, Niphal-
3. , . 25. BDB 996, KB 1427, Hiphil-
4. , , , . 25, BDB 864, KB 1057, Qal-,

5. , . 25, BDB 693, KB 747, Hiphil-
6. , . 26, BDB 996, KB 1427 Hiphil-
69

7. , . 26 ( , #6, ,
; )
, /
(. . 27)!
1:24 , . 24:
1. , [NASB , ] (, , . .109:1;
NIDOTTE, . 4, .1297-1298)
2. (. .49:24; .131:2,5; .49:26; 60:16)
1:25-26 ,
, , , ,
.
. 19-20 ,
, . 25 26:
1. , BDB 996, KB 1427, Hiphil-
2. (NASB ), BDB 996, KB 1427,
Hiphil-
. 27, (BDB 996, KB 1427, Qal ), ,
(NASB ).
1:26 ,
. 21? , , (
). - ,
, , !

: .1:27-31
27
,
;
28
,
.
29
, ,
, ;
30
, , ,
, .
31
,
;
,
.

1:27-28 :
1. . 27, (. 26, 3 4)
,
2. . 28, , (), ,
70

 , . 27 28 ,
. 27 28 .
. 27 . : , ,
, ? .
, .
(), ().
1:29 , .
:
1. (
, . 57:5,
)
2. ( , . 65:3; 66:17)
3. /,
;
() .
. , (. 27-31)
,
. . 29
(.. ,
, ), (..
, ).
, ! ,
, !
1:30 (BDB 615, KB 663, Qal- )

(. 34:4; 64:6; .89:6-7).
1:31 (. 6:13; .4:4; .5:6).

, .
A. :
1. (. .44:15; .18:18)
2. (. .50:11; .25:1-13)
3. (. .12:8; .44:15-16; .21:9)
4. (. .13:22-23; .17:3; .1:25; 6:6-8; .6:29; .3:2-3)
5. (. .15:17; .3:2; 19:18; .1:27; .12:29)
6. (. .12:21; .14:14; 3.18:24)
7. (. .2:3)
8. (. .2:5)
. :
1. (. ..6:24; 8:8; 11:11; .22:7)
2. (. .19:24; .10:1-2)
71

3. (. .21:28; .10:16; .12:6)

4. (. .38:24; .20:14; 21:9; ..7:15)
5. (. .13:13)
B. , , ,
:
1. (. .8:5; .3:8)
2. (. .1:6)
3. (. .15:14; 17:4)
4. (. .3:10; 13:40; .15:6; 2.1:7; 2.3:7-10; .8:7; 13:13;
16:8)
. (, , . .),
, .

NASB

NKJV, NRSV,
NJB

LXX, Peshitta

REB


JB
(BDB 340) .2:9,
. ,
REB. ,
, /.
(NASB ) (BDB 654)
, , (. 33:9,15), , , , , ,
(. .16:9).

72


, , , ,
.
, .
, .
.
.
, - .
1.
2.
3.
4.

?
?
?
,
.

73

 , 2

NKJV

NASB

2:1
2:2-4
(2-4)

2:5-11
(5-11)

2:1-4
(2-4)

2:5-9
(5)

NRSV

NJB

2:1

2:2-4
(2-4)

2:1-5

2:1-5

(2-3)
(4)

2:5-22

2:6-8

(5-22)

(6-9)

2:9
2:10-18

2:10-11
(10-11)

2:12-22
(12-22)

TEV

(2-3)
(4)
(5)

2:6-22
(6-8)
(9-10)

(11-16)
2:12-22
(12-18)
(17)
(18-19)
(19)
(20-21)

2:19-21

(22)

2:22

(20)
(21)
(22)

( . 24)

, , , ,
.
, .
, .
.
. .
.
, ,
. , .
1. .
2. .
3. .
4. .
74


. 2 , , 1:1.
, , //
, / :
1. ( )
2.
3.
4.
5. /
. [The Jewish Study Bible], . 787.
. //,
:
1. (. 2-4)
2. (. 5-22)
. ,
,
(. 45:22; 49:6; 60:3; 66:18,2).
. , ()
,
, , , , ! !
// ,
, priori .
!
. 2-4, ( ),
.
. , : .
, :
[Plowshares and Pruning Hooks: Rethinking the Language of Biblical Prophecy and Apocalyptic
by D. Brent Sandy], IVP, ISBN 0-83-8-2653-X.

: .2:1
1
, , , .
2:1 , ,
, :
1. / , 1:1; 29:7 (BDB 302, . .3:6)
2. , 1:1; 2:1; 13:1; 26:11; 33:17; 48:6; 57:8 (. .1:1)
75

 .
(, , , , . .). ,
(, , )
/ . ,
. ,
, //!
,
,
! ,
(
, ).

: .2:2-4
2
,


,
.
3
:
, ,
,

;
,
.
4
,
;
, :
,
.

2:2-4
( .4:1-5).
(. 51:4,5; .24:47)! .
1:3.
2:2
(. . . , . 14,
[G.B. Caird, The Language and Imagery of the Bible, chapter 14, The Language of Eschatology], .
243-271). :
1. , .49:1-27 (. 49:10); .24:14-25 (. 24:17); .2:2;
.48:47; 49:39; .38:8,16
2. , .31:29
3. , .4:30; .3:5;
.23:19-22 (. 23:20)
4. , .38:16; .2:28; 10:14 (, .2)
76

5. /, .4:2
, .
!

:
.
. ,
(. .65:17; 66:22).
( ),
(.., 1- , 4- , 2- )
.
: , ,
,
(
).
(), ,
. .
(.., ):

.12:32
.12:2
1:2
.13:22 29
1.1:20;2:6,8; 3:18
6:5
.10:30
2.4:4
11:3
.16:8
.1:4
.18:30
.1:21; 2:1,7; 6:12
.20:34-35
1.6:17
2.4:10
.2:12

.

.
, (. .53),
(. .9:9). , (. .19).
,
( ), , ,
( ).
!
, .
(, ,
, . .12:5,11,14,18,21,26; 14:25; 15:20; 16:2,6,11,15; 17:8,10; 18:6; 26:2; 31:11).
NIV (. 962-3) ,
, (. 11:9; 27:13;
56:7; 57:13; 65:25; 66:20).
, (.. ,
), (. NIDOTTE, . 4, . 1314-1321).
, , (. .14:13),
.47:3 . !
77

 , ,
, (. ,
, ). ,
.
,
:
1. , ..
2. ,
3. , , . .3:15; 12:3; .19:5-6;
.21:28; 65:1-4; 85:8-10; .12:4-5; 25:6-9; 42:6-12; 45:22-23; 49:5-6; 51:4-5; 56:6-8; 60:1-3;
66:23; .4:1-4; .1:11; .3:16; 4:42; 1.2:4; .2:11; 2.3:9; 1.2:1; 4:14!
.

:
?
,

. ,
, . ,
, , , ,
!
( ) ,
(. .28:19-20; .24:47; .1:8).

, .
, ,
:
1.
;
2. ( )
( )
3. (
) ;
4.
;
5. , , ,
, ;
6. ,
.
, .
( ,
)
,
, ,
, ,
78

 . (. .5:17-19)?

?
:
1. (, , );
2. (. .37-39; .7-12; );
3. , ( 1-
, );
4. , (. .24; .13; .21);
5. (. 1.15; 2.5; 1.4-5; 2.2);
6. (1- ).
,
(, )? , ?
( )?
,
. ,
( , . .2:11-3:13.
:
1. ,
(), ,
( 21-22
). ,
(
) ,
.3:15, ,
. (. .12:1-3) , , (.
.12:3; .19:5).
2.
,
, , ,
. ,
, (.
).
3. ,
( , . .12:7; 13:15; 15:7,15; 17:8),
. ,
, ,
(. .21-22).
4. ,
:
) , (. .2:28-29);
) (. .1:10; 2:23, .9:24-26;
.26:12; .29:45, 2.6:16-18; .19:5; .14:2,
.2:14);
) (. .26:61; 27:40; .2:19-21),
(. 1.3:16) (. 1.6:19);
)
(., , . .9:6;
.6:16; , . 1.2:5, 9-10; .1:6).
79

 , ,
. -
, (. ,
[Martin Wyngaarden, The Future of The Kingdom in
Prophecy and Fulfillment]). ,
, () ,
,
!
, , ,
.
, . , ,
, .
, .
. ,
,
(. .24; .13)! ,
, ,
( ).
, ,
. ,
,
! , ,
, , -, ,
(. .1:7).
( )
- ,
, (. .8:10; .44:24; 45:5-7,14,18,21-22; 46:9; .10:6-7).
.
.
, (. .6:4). ,
, (.
.1:26-27). , , ,
(. .3:15)!
,
, , .
(. .19:4-6)
.
, (. .12:3).
, , .
,
(. .8:3159; .3:9), (. .15:6,
.4). ( ,
. 1:6; 2.2:5,9), , !
, !
( )
, ,
. , /
80

 (. .15:12-21). ,
!
, . ;
. .
-
: ,
. , !
, .
, , !
; (. .36:22-38).
(. .53), !
, ,
, /! , ,
. - , ,
(. .7 .3).
(. .28:19-20;
.24:47; .1:8). ! ,
(. .9-11).
(. .12:10).
(
)
.
() .
, ,
. ,
, .
,
( , ).
, ,
,
. !
, ,
!
, ,
.
. : / ( 1-3),
, .
, ,
, !
, .
,
. ,
, .
() .
, !
, , ,
,
. ,
81

 .
,
.
.
, .
( );
, ,
, , (
).
, ,
.

. , .
, - ,
, .

, !
,
( ,
, )
, , (. 2.2) .
, (. .24;
.13; .21) (. 1.15; 1.4-5; 2.2). ,
. .
, !
; ; ; !
!

, , ,
.
.
. . [Ralph P. Martin, Approaches to
New Testament Exegesis in the book New Testament Interpretation, ed. by I. Howard Marshall]:
, ,
,
,
,
, ,
.
. ,
, ,
, ,
,
(. 5:5,6; ) (. 235).
. [W. Randolph Tate, Biblical Interpretations]
:
,
-, , ,
82

 . -

, .
, , ,
,
. ,
, .
( ) ,
,
,
, .
, ,
. , ,
, . ; ,
,
, (. 137).
[Dictionary of Biblical Imagery, ed. by Ryken, Wilhost and
Longman III]:

.
. ,
, , ,
(. 35).
( , )
, , .
. -
,
, ,
.
- , ,
5 , (
.22:16).
, , ,
,
, , , .
. ,
, ,
!
, ,
? ,
, (. .2).
(. .7).
,
(. 1.15:26-27). , , ,
, . ,
(.
.20), .
.
83

 ,
!
. ,
, ( ), (
/). ,
(. .20), , ,
(. .21-22). ,
; , .7 ,
.
(
)
, , (. .10:23;
24:27,34,44; .9:1; 13:30; .1:1,3; 2:16; 3:11; 22:7,10,12,20).
! ()
,
( ,
). , ,
(. .28:19-20) ,
.
(. .13:10; .17:2; 18:8) 1- 2-
().
, :
1. (. .24:14; .13:10)
2. (. .24:15; 2.2; .13)
3. (. .24:21,24; .13)

(. .24:42-51; .13:32-36)! ,
, !

,
. .
.
,
/.
, .
. ,
, , .
- ,
, .
,
.

. ,

.
,
, - , .22:18-19, -
,
84

 . . ,
(. .3:4)! , ,
, ,
, , ,
. ,
. !
, , .
. ,
. , ,
. . ,
! , ;
, , ,
. , !

(BDB 625, KB 676, Qal-)

, .
, .
2:3 /, :
1. , BDB 229, KB 246, Qal-
2. (NASB ), BDB 748, KB 828, Qal,
3. (NASB ), BDB 434, KB 436,
Hiphil-,
4. (NASB ), BDB 229, KB 246, Qal

5. , BDB 422, KB 425, Qal-,

(BDB 73) (.
2:3; 3:12; 26:7,8; 30:11; 33:8; 40:18; 41:3) (. 1:19; 2:8,13,15,19,20; 3:6;
4:14,18; 5:6; 8:20; 9:15; 10:17; 12:28; 15:10,19,24; 17:23; 22:25). ,
, (. .16:4; .30:20; 42:24; .9:12;
26:4; 32:23; 44:10,23; .7:12) /. ,
,
(. .14:6; .9:2; 19:9,23; 22:4; 24:14,22; 18:25-26).
( ) . (BDB 851,
) ,
(. 3.8:1; 2.5:2). ,
(. . 3, 6 7; .50:28: 51:10).
2:4 (BDB 1047, KB 1622 BDB 406, KB 410)
.
!

85


(. .2; .38-39). (. 9:6-7; 11:6-9; 57:19; .2:18;
.9:10).

. .3:10.

: .2:5-11
5
, ! , .
6
, ,
:
, ,
.
7
,
;
,
;
8
:
,
, .
9
,
,
.
10

.
11
,
;
.

2:5 . 3 () . 5 ().
.
, !
, !
(. 60:1-2,19-20).
.
(. . 6).
(. 9:2; 42:6; 49:6; 51:4; 53:11).
2:6-9 , (BDB 643, KB 695, Qal) :
1. , . 6
2. (BDB 778 II), , . 6
3. , . 6
4. , ( ), . 7
( , BDB 567, KB 583,
Niphal- . 7 8)
86

5. , . 8 (. 17:8; 37:19; 40:19; 44:17)

6. , . 9 (. . 11,17; ,
. 8, , . NKJV)
?!
#6 (. 9), NASB NKJV
; NRSV TEV ,
(),
, (LXX).
2:6
NASB, NRSV

NKJV


TEV, JPSOA
Peshitta

REB

. UBS [UBS Hebrew OT

Text Project] (
BDB 869 ) ( ).
NEB REB . ,
(.. , ),
.
,
, , , /
(. .19:26; . 18:9-12) .
. , ,
! , ,
.

NASB

NKJV

NRSV

TEV

NJB

LXX

Peshitta

REB

JPSOA

. (1)
(BDB 706 I, KB 765, Hiphil-) (2) (BDB 974, . NIDOTTE, . 3,
. 1769) . :
1.
2.
3.
4.
, ,
!
87

2:7 ,
.17:16-17. , /, (.
31:1), . 22 (. 31:3)
!
2:9 9 ,
(. 4.7:10). , /
:
1. adam, BDB 9, . .1:26; 6:1,5,6,7; 9:5,6
2. ish, BDB 35, . .2:23; .23:19

NASB, NKJV,
NRSV, TEV

NJB, NIV

LXX

( , . DSS JB)
REB
(BDB 669, KB 724, Qal-, )
/. (..
). .
2:10-11 ,
(. 10):
1. , BDB 97, KB 112, Qal- (.., . 19-21, . .6:1517)
2. , BDB 380, KB 377, Niphal-
(. 10):
1. , . . 19,21
2. , . . 11, 19,21; 2.1:9
(. 11, . 17):
1. , BDB 1050, KB 1631, Qal- ( . 9)
2. , BDB 1005, KB 1458, Qal- ( . 9,
. 13:11; 23:9; 2.10:5)
3. , BDB 960, KB 1305, Niphal- (
. 17 . 19
21)
, . 10
, , (.
NIDOTTE, . 2, . 377), , (.., . 19-21),
.
2:11 . 2.
. . 12 (. 2:20; 3:17;
5:30; 28:5-6; .2:16; 8:9; .2:18).
( ) ,
, . , ;
, . ,
.
88

 ,
. , ,
, !

: .2:12-22
12


,
,
13
, ,
,
14
,
,
15
,
,
16
,
.
17
,
;
,
18
.
19



,
.
20

,
,
21

,
.
22
, ,
?

2:12-13 ,
, :
1. (BDB 144), . 12
2. (BDB 926, KB 1202, Qal-
[ . 13, 14], . 12)
3. (BDB 669, KB 724, Niphal-
[ . 13,14], . 12)
4. , , . 13 (,
)

89

2:12 (NASB )
. (. NKJV).
NASB ( ) . 1:18.
2:12-16 (NASB , BDB
752):
1. , . 12
2. , . 12
3. , , . 13
4. ( ), . 13
5. , . 14
6. , . 14
7. , . 15
8. , . 15
9. , . 16
10. , . 16 (, [BDB
967], ; ,
. 16)
(. . 11 17).
2:13 - (1:29) /
(1:29-30) - , ,
:
1. ,
2. /?
(.. , [NASB
]), . . 17 ,
( ).
2:16 . 23:1.
2:17 , , 11,
, , ,
, (. 9).
!
2:18 (. 21:9),
, (. 30:22; 31:7; 40:18-20; 44:9-20; 46:5-7)!
2:19 (NASB )
(BDB 877, KB 1086, Qal- ) :
1. / , .1:8; .34:10; .5:7; 4.23:25
2. ( ), .10:35; 2.6:41; .31:14;
.75:10; 131:8
(BDB 791, KB 888, Qal- )
(. 13:13; 24:1,19,20; .17:8; 67:8-9;
.2:6). , .
!
90

2:20-21 . 10:
1. (. . 21)
2.
:
1. ( . LXX /;
REB -; JPSOA [ ,
]. ,
[BDB 343])
2.

:
1. (. ), BDB 343, KB 340, Qal-
2. (. , ), BDB 1005, KB 295, Hishtaphel

3. , BDB 97, KB 112, Qal-

4. , BDB 877, KB 1086, Qal- , , .
19 ( 5)
5. (NASB ; . ; , BDB 791, KB
888, Qal- , , . 19 ( 5)
[Bible Background Commentary] . IVP
: ,
.., , ,
, , (.
588). , ,
() , ,
, .
2:22 ( , BDB 292, KB 292,
Qal-), (, ruah).
, (. .143:3-4). ,
!

91

 , 3

NASB

3:1-12
(1-12)

NKJV

3:1-9
(1-3)
(4-5)
(6-7)

NRSV

3:1-15
(1-5)
(6-8)

TEV

NJB

3:1-5

3:1-15
(1-15)

3:6
3:7
3:8-9

(8-9)
(9-12)
3:10-12
(10-12)

3:13-15
(13-15)

3:13-4:1
(13-15)

3:10-11
3:12a
3:12

3:13-15
(13-15)

3:16-4:1
(16-17)

3:16-17

3:16-26
(16-17)

(16-17)

(18-23)

(18-23)

(18-24)

3:18-23

(24-26)

(24-26)

(24-4:1)

3:24

3:25-4:1
(4:1)

3:16-17
(16-17)
3:18-23
(18-23)
3:24
(24)

3:25-4:1
(25)

( . 24)

, , , ,
.
, .
, .
.
. .
.
92

 , ,
. , .
1. .
2. .
3. .
4. .

: .3:1-12
1
, , ,
,
,
2
,
,
,
3

,
.
4
,
.
5

, ;
,
.
6
, , :
, ,
.
7
:
;
, ;
.
8
, ,
,
.
9
,
, ,
:
!
.
93

10
11
12

, ,
;
,
.
,
.
!
.

3:1
.
, (NASB , )
(. 1:24; 3:1; 10:16,33; 19:4). .
1:24 1:1.
(BDB 693, KB 747, Hiphil-) Hiphil
, ; , , :
1. , .23:25; .7:15
2. (.., ), ..7:13
3. , .10:16
4. , 1.28:3
5. , 2.22:23; .17:24
, /
, , -:
1. (. , , BDB 1044) , . 1
2. , . 1
3. , . 2
4. , . 2
5. , . 2
6. , . 2, . 9:14-15; 28:7; 29:10
7. , . 2
8. , . 2, . 9:14-16
9. , . 3
10. , . 3
11. , . 3
12. , . 3, . 40:20 ( )
13. , . 3
, ,
: , , .
.
.

94

 : , ( )

(BDB 1047) . NIDOTTE, . 4, .
214, :
1. 13%,
2. 34%,
3. 22%,
4. 31%, ( )
.

2:4
3:14
4:4
5:16
28:6,17,26
30:18
33:5,22
61:8
66:16

9:7
11:3,4
16:5
32:1
40:14
42:1,3,4
51:4,5
53:8

1:17,21,23
26:8
56:1
58:2,8

3:2
5:7
10:2
59:4,9,11,14,15

.
, (.. ,
, , . .52:11-53:12), !

NASB
, (. )
NKJV

NRSV

TEV
,
NJB

LXX

Peshitta

REB

, , BDB
(. 2.22:19). .26:26
(. ).
3:3
NASB
NKJV, NRSV,
REB
TEV
NJB
LXX
Peshitta

(. )

,

95

 (BDB 538) .
(. .57:6; .10:11; .8:17).
, (. 26:16; 2.12:19; .40:8).
3:19 (.
), .
(),
.
3:4 ( )
. , ,
(. .10:16).

NASB

NKJV, NRSV

NJB

LXX, Peshitta

( BDB 760, , . .22:14,17; .140:4)

( BDB 760, , . .8:3).
.
3:5-6
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

, :

3:7-12 , ,
- ( [1:6],
[30:26]) (.. ) :
1. , . 8
2. , . 8
3. , . 8
4. , . 9
5. , , . 9
6. , . 9
7. , , . 10-11
)
)
8. (. . 4), . 12
9. , . 12
10. , . 12
11. (.., ) , . 12

.28:15-68.
JPSOA 10 11 .
96

3:8
NASB, NRSV
(. )
NKJV

TEV

NJB

LXX

Peshitta

REB

NKJV. .
(kabod, BDB 458) ,
.

:
.
, , (.
.9:23-24).
, (kdb),
( ),
, . , ,
.
, (. .19:16-18; 24:17; .60:1-2).
. ,
, , (. .33:17-23; .6:5). , -,
(. .1:14; .17:2; .1:3; .2:1).
: (1)
; (2)
; (3) ,
(. .1:26-27; 5:1; 9:6),
(. .3:1-22), (. 2.3:18).

(. .16:7,10; .9:23; .14:10).

3:9
( ) .
. 8 ,
. 9.
, , 1:10,
(. .19).
( ) , ,
.
(.16:50), .
(. 16) , , ( . 16-20
).
97

 , (. . 10-11).
. /, .
. , .
( ), (. .34:11; .27:4; 61:13;
.24:12; .12:14; .17:10; 32:19; .16:27; 25:31-46; .2:6; 14:12; 1.3:8; 2.5:10;
.6:7-10; 2.4:14; 1.1:17; .2:23; 20:12; 22:12).
3:12
NASB, NKJV,
NRSV

,

TEV
,
NJB
,
LXX
,
Peshitta
,
REB
,

JPSOA
,

, , .
, TEV, NJB REB LXX ( , ,
BDB 61 [1] BDB 673 I, . 24:2,
, . 24:2; [2] BDB 674 I,
, . .22:25).
:
1. :
)
)
(1) -
(2) -
(3) -
2. ,

NASB, NRSV
(. )
NKJV

NJB

LXX

Peshitta

REB

(BDB 118, KB 134, Piel-) ,

(. .15:12; .16:30,32,34; 26:10; .11:6). Piel
, , ,
-, , -
/ (. 9:16; 19:3; 28:7).
,
, ().
98

 : .3:13-15
13

, .
14
:
;
;
15

?
, .
3:13-15 (.., , . 1:2)
( ). (.. , . 14).
, , .
(. . 9) ,
.
/
: , !
3:13
NASB, NKJV,
TEV, NJB,
LXX, Peshitta,
REB

NRSV

LXX, .
.
, (.., . 14).
. , !
!
!
: .3:16-25
16
: ,
, ,

,
17

;
18
, , 19,
, , , , ,
, 20 , 21 , , ,
22
, .
23
,
,
,
,
.
99

24

,
.
25
,
.

3:16-25 ,
:
1. ( [NASB], )
2. (.., )
3. (.., , )
4. ,
( ):
1. (NASB; , BDB 705, KB 764; .
)
2.
3.
4.
5. ,
[The Jewish Study Bible],
JPSOA, , , . 18-24,
. ,
. , .
3:16
NASB, NJB
(. )
NKJV, Peshitta

NRSV

TEV

(BDB 747, KB 824, Piel-) ,
/ (.., ).
.7:22.
3:17
NASB, NJB,
REB
(. )
NKJV

NRSV, Peshitta

TEV

LXX

(BDB 834) :
1. ( ), 3.7:50
2. ( ), .3:17 (?)
(KB 983), ,
. , , ,
!
100

3:18 (NASB )
[Bible Background Commentary] . IVP ,
. , (, /
) , .
(BDB 962) :
1. , .8:21 (. )
2. , .8:26
3. , .3:18

, ( ).
, . ,
/ .
. ,
, . ,
( ), .
, :
1.
2. ()
3. (. -, )
(.. ) ().
. .
, ( ),
.
(), ( ) (
/).
,
:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

.
(. .4:19; 17:3;
4.21:3,5; 23:5; .8:2; 19:13; .1:5), (.., ,
). , ,
, , ,
, ,
,
. , , ,
, , .
101

 (BDB 108), ,
, . , . [Tyndale OT
Commentaries], . [J. Alec Motyer] ,
(. 58).
, , ,
. , ,
, .

. /
, ,
. , .
3:23 , ,
, .

NASB, NKJV

NRSV, TEV

NJB, REB

Peshitta

LXX
----- ---- . (BDB 464) ,
; ; . NRSV TEV ,
DSS (1QIsa.).
3:25 (, , . 24-25)
. ,
.61:3, .3:4 ( . 22 .3:4
, ).

102

 , 4

NASB

4:1
4:2-6

NKJV

4:2
(2)
4:3-6

NRSV

TEV

4:2-6

4:2-6

NJB

4:2-6
(2-6)

( . 24)

, , , ,
.
, .
, .
.
. .
.
, ,
. , .
1. .
2. .
3. .
4. .

: .4:1
1
, : "
, ,
".
4:1-4
1.
2.
3.

JPSOA , :
1-3
4
5-6
103

 4:1 3:16-4:1.
. NKJV . 2, NJB 2-6
(JB . 2-3 4-6 ),
. ,
, , ,
, .

! !
4:1 , 3:6 ( 3:6, BDB 1074, 4:1, BDB
304 ).
(.., 4:2, [NASB ]).
.
.
(BDB 304, KB 302, Hiphil-) ,
- (.., .22:25; 25:11;
1.15:27; 2.1:11; 3.1:50; 4.2:12; 4:27; .7:13; 26:17; .8:23).
,
, , 1 . , ,
3:25-26, /.

. , (BDB 62,
KB 74, Qal-). ?
1. 3:10
2. - 4:2-6
(BDB 357) :
1.
2. , (
NASB, . 965; NIDOTTE, . 2, . 75)
.54:4,
(.., ) .
: .4:2-6
2
, ,
. 3
, , 4
.
5

; .
6
.

4:2 , (
) (. 2:2,11,12,20; 3:7,18; 4:1,2).
104

 . , ,
:
1. , (..
)
2. ,
3. ( )
4. ( )
,
/!
. - , ,
! /.
(NASB )
(BDB 855, ),
, (
:

, ). ,
,
, (.., , , , ).
:
.3:8
(BDB 855) , ; ;
; . (. 6:12;
.4:2; 11:1; 53:2; .23:5; 33:15). .
.4:15.
6:12 ,
. , ,
. :
(, . .53) - (, . .9:6-7)
(. . 4).
.6:12 (BDB 855) , ; ; ;
(. 3:8; .4:2; 11:1; 53:2; .23:5; 33:15). , ,
.
(. ). ,
/ . , ,
, 516 . .., , ,
.
(, Qal-)

, ,
.
.
1. (. .1:26; 2:4,39,51; 4:16; .10:38).
,
.
105

 (.
.1:46).
.
2. Nazarnos ,
(. .4:34; 24:19).
3. Nazraios ,
, (netzer, .
.4:2; 11:1; 53:2; .23:5; 33:15; .3:8; 6:12; . 22:16).
18:37 .2:22; 3:6; 4:10; 6:14; 22:8; 24:5; 26:9.
4. #3, nzir, , , .
. .
.
1. ,
( nsrayy).
2. (.
.24:5,14; 28:22, nosri).
3. () .
.
4. ,

. [The Eighteen Benedictions]
[Berakoth] 28-29 ,
:
;
.
.
,
, . ,
. , (1)
, , (2)
(3)
,
; , ,
( ?).

[Colin Brown (ed.),
New International Dictionary of New Testament Theology], 2, . 346; .
[Raymond E. Brown, Birth of the Messiah], . 209-213, 223-225.

(NKJV, NRSV, JB):

1. (NASB ), BDB 840, . .3:19 (
.8:9; 11:16,41)
2. (NASB ), BDB 458 , /
( , BDB 802, ).
(. 13:19; 28:1,4,5).

(LXX, Peshitta, TEV, NJB, REB, NET
106

Bible). / ( . 2; ).
(. 10:20;
37:31,32; . ( ) 1:9),
? . . 2.
.

/ . ,
, //
(.., Sensus Plenior),
. ,
,
(. 7:14). ,
/ ,
.
4:3 , , ,
,
, , .
, , , (.
).

:
1. : , ,
, (. .21)?
?
2. (NASB )? .
.

.
1. (.. , . .18:1-7)
2. (. .18:8-15)
, , , , -
, , . ,
1-11 , ,
www.freebiblecommentary.org.
. (. .7:10; .20:12)
1. , , ,
, . ,
, ,
, , .
) 55:9; 138:16
) 65:6
107

) 3:16
) 20:12-13
2. , , /
//. ,
, .
) 32:32-33
) 68:29
) 4:3
) 12:1
) 4:3
) 12:23
) 3:5; 13:8; 17:8; 20:12,15; 21:27
) 1- 47:3; 81:1-2; 103:2; 108:3
. ,
, ; , , , ,
, (. .102:11-13; .1:18; 38:17; 43:25;
44:22; .7:19).
, .
!
4:4 , :
1. /
) , BDB 934, KB 122, Qal-
) (. ),BDB 188, KB 216, Hiphil- ( ,
, . 2.4:6; .40:38)
2.
) , . 28:6
) , . 1:31; 9:19 (. 1:31)
, (ruah)
.
.
(BDB 844), .
1. .28:8 ()
2. .36:12 (. .23:14; .4:12)
, 3:16-26
. .
(NASB ) (BDB 196) . , ,
(.., ).
4:5
. , (..,
.13:21,22; 40:38; .9:15-23; .77:14; 98:7; 104:39). ( )
.
108

 (BDB 135, KB 153, Qal-)

, (. .1:1).
(BDB 342 I) :
1. , , (
)
2. (. .18:6; .2:16)
,
4:1,
, /
(. 5:1; .1-3; .5:21-33).
4:6 ,
, ( ):
1. , BDB 697, . 1:8; .26:5; 30:21; .32:2
2. , BDB 340
) , .25:4
) , .14:23; 57:13
) , 13:6; 45:2; 60:5; 61:8,9; 70:7; 72:28; 90:2,9; 93:22; 141:5
3. , , BDB 731, . 17:10; 27:5

1. - (.., )
2. , , , (. .17:2)

! , , , ,
. () ().
, !

109

 , 5

NASB

5:1-2
(1-2)
5:3-6
(3-6)
5:7
(7)

5:8-12
(8-12)
5:13-17
(13-17)

NKJV

5:1-7
(1-2)
(3-6)

(7)

5:8-10
(8-10)
5:11-12
(11-12)
5:13-17
(13-17)

NRSV

TEV

5:1-2
(1-2)
5:3-4
(3-4)
5:5-6
(5-6)
5:7-10
(7-10)

5:1-2
(1-2)
5:3-4

5:1-4
(1-4)

5:5-6

5:5-7
(5-7)

5:7
(7)
,

5:8-10

5:11-13
(11-13)

5:11-14

NJB

5:8-10
(8-10)
5:11-14
(11-14)

5:14-17
(14-17)
5:15-17
5:18-23
(18-23)

5:24-25
(24-25)

5:26-30
(26-30)

5:18-19
(18-19)
5:20
(20)
5:21
(21)
5:22-23
(22-23)
5:24-25a
(24-25a)
5:25
(25)

5:18-24
(18-24)

5:18-19
5:20
5:21
5:22-25

5:15-17
(15-17)
5:18-19
(18-19)
5:20
(20)
5:21
(21)
5:22-24
(22-24)

5:25-30
(25-30)

5:26-30
(26-30)

5:26-29

5:30

110

5:25
(25)

5:26
(26)
5:27
(27)
5:28
(28)
5:29
(29)
5:30
(30)

 ( . 24)

, , , ,
.
, .
, .
.
. .
.
, ,
. , .
1. .
2. .
3. .
4. .

. .
.
, .
. , , .
.
. , (. . 12:48).
. (.
.21:33-46; .12:1-2; .20:9-19).
. ,
.
,
.

. -, . 1-6
. , . 7
. , . 8-30:
1. , . 8-23
2. , . 24-30
) , . 25
) , . 26-30
111

 : .5:1-2
1

.
,
2
, ,
,
,
,
, ,
.
5:1 (BDB 1010, KB 1479, Qal-)
26:1 42:10.
. - (.
.15:1; .21:17; .5:1; 1.18:6).
,
.
.
(BDB 391) .
/.
, .
, .
( )
(., .15:17; .79:9; .2:21; 12:10), .
.
, , (BDB 901),
, ,
,
. , ,
, , ,
!
/ /
(BDB 1032), (. 28:1,4).
5:2 2-5 , (BDB 793, KB 889),
. -:
1. , . 2 ()
2. , . 4 (), ,
3. , . 4 ()
4. , . 5, , ,
, (BDB 740, KB 810,
Piel-; NASB )
. KJV . ,
112

 , . ,
, , .
(
), (LXX, , ).
, .

.
, ,
( , [James
Freeman, Manners and Customs of the Bible], . 360-363).
- ,
(BDB 977 I, . .2:21).
(. .16:4). .2:21
.
(. .49:11).
(BDB 153, , ,
) ,
( ,
1:8).
(. 2:15). , , !
(NASB ) ,
,
.
, , .

NASB

NKJV, NRSV,
NJB, REB

TEV, JB

LXX

(BDB 93) :
1. , , . .31:40
2. /, ,
,
1. , .34:3 (. 5:25); .2:20; .4:10
2. , .2:20 (, )

: .5:3-6
3
, ,
.
4
, ?
, , , ?
113

, :
, ;
, ,
:
, ,
,
.

5:3 .
. !
(BDB 1047, KB 1622) Qal-
, .21:40.
5:4 -. ,
.
5:5-6 , , (BDB 393, KB 390, Hiphil-)
, (.. ),
:
1. ;
2. ;
3. ; (.
7:23,25; 9:18; 27:4)
4. ; , (.
.28:23-24)
5:6 (BDB 1011, KB 1483) Qal. , (BDB 144).
. , ,
. (. . 30)!
7-12! ( 40-55), ,
( 56-66).

(. .3:17-19 .8:19-26).
, (., .26:4; .11:14; 28:12;
.4:7; .14:17).
: .5:7
7
,
.
, ;
, .
5:7
, 922 . ..,
.
114

 : , , ,
, , ,
/ .
,
,
: , () ,
(, BDB 705), , () , ( ).
, .
: .5:8-12
8
, , ,
,
.
9
: ,
;
10
,
.
11
,
;
12
, ;

.
5:8
NASB, NKJV,
NJB, REB

NRSV, JPSOA

TEV

,
, (BDB 222), ?
(BDB 17, , , . 3:9,11; 6:5; 24:16).
BDB !, !, ! (. 1:4; 10:1,5; 17:12; 28:1).
.
,
. , , , ,
.
, ,
, , (..
),
(. .22:13-17; .2:2).
/ (.
.25:8-55; .36:4).
, .
,
.
115

5:9 . 9 . ,
, (NASB). ,
(. 22:14)! ,
! , ,
.
, .5:11 .6:15.
.
! , (.
3:10-11).
5:10 , ,
(BDB 855, . 1.14:14). ,
. ,
, .
(BDB 144 II) ,
8-10 .
.

, ,
. ,
(. .19:35-36;
.25:13-16; .11:1; 16:11; 20:1). ,
, .
, , , (.
[The Interpreters Dictionary of the Bible], . 4, . 831).
, ( 10)
( 6) .

, , ,
, .

.
.
I. ,
. :
1. (BDB 330, BDB 331), ., .27:16; .3:2
2. ( , BDB 547), . .3:2
3. (BDB 35), ., .16:36; .19:36; .45:10-11,13,24
4. (BDB 684, ., .18:6; 1.25:18; 3.18:32; 4.7:1,16,1
5. (BDB 771 II, , : [ ],
BDB 771 I), ., .16:16,22,36; .23:10-15
6. (BDB 798, ), ., .29:40; .14:21
7. ( , BDB 866), . 4.6:25
116

. :
1. (BDB 499), ., 3.5:2,25; .45:14 (
, . 2.2:10; 27:5)
2. (BDB 144 II, ), ., 2.2:10; .45:10-11,14
3. ( , BDB 228), ., .29:40; .19:36; .45:24
4. (BDB 528), . .14:10,12,15,21,24
. ( [Ancient
Israel by Roland de Vaux], . 1, . 201 [Encyclopaedia
Judaica], . 16, . 379):
(.) = (.)
1
(.) = (.)
10
1
(.)
30
3
1
/ (.)
60
6
2
1
/ (.)
100
10
1
/ (.)
180
18
6
3
1
(.)
720
72
24
12
4
1
II. ,
. , .
1. .
.38:25-26 , 3000 ( , BDB
503).
2. (BDB 1053, ) ,
, -, , .
:
) (NASB . .23:16)
) ( , NASB . .30:13)
) (NASB . 2.14:26);
.
3. (BDB 176 II) (. .30:13).
.
,
().
4. (BDB 584) 50 60 .
(., .45:12; .2:69; .7:70-71).
1 60,
1 50.
5. (BDB 132, , . .24:22)
(. .24:22; .38:26), .
.
. :
1. :

60
1

3000
50
1

6000
100
2
1

60000 (. .30:13; .27:25; .3:47; 18:16; .45:12)

2. :

60
1
117

3600
7200
72000

60
120
1200

1
2
20

1
10

, . .45:11
, ; , ,
.
5:11 ,
. ,
, .
28 .
.20:1 23:29-35. ,
.104:14-15.
(NASB ) ,
, . .
1:22.
5:12 ,
. , .

,
, (. 1:2-3,10a; 5:12,13,24; 6:9-10;
30:9). (. .29:4),
(. .6:9-10; 29:9-10).
,
, ,
. . 24, .8:11-20.

: .5:13-17
13
,
,
.
14
:
, , .
15
, ,
;
16
,
.
17
,
.
118

5:13-17 , :
1. , . 13
2. , . 13
3. , . 13
4. , . 14
5. , . 15
6. , . 15 ()
7. , . 17
5:13 ,
. ,
: (722 . ..) ,
(.. 605, 597, 586 582 . ..) , . ,
, ( , , ,
). .7:18 10:5 . ,
13:1-14:27 , ,
.

. .
.
, , , ,
(. .7).
, ,
2 ( ) 3 (
). (. .3:24).
!
. , ,
. ,
.31:31-34 .36:22-38.
- .
, , :
1. ( , )
2. .
,
(.., ).
.
(. .3). ,
!
(NASB ) ,
, (. .1:3; . 4:6,14).
(.., ).
!
5:14 ,
, (BDB 982),
. /,
(. .1:12; 27:20; .2:5).
119

 : ?
I.
. She'ol ( ).
, .
, , (. .10:21-22; 38:17;
.106:10,14).
. :
1. (), .32:22;
2. , .17:5-6;
3. Avaddon (), , .26:6; .138:8; .9:2;
4. (), .15:10; .14:15; .31:15-17;
5. , .16:30,33; .54:16;
6. , .16:30; .5:14; 14:9;
.2:5;
7. , , , .14:9-11.
II.
A. She'ol Hades ( )
. [Hades]:
1. , .16:18;
2. , .1:18; 6:8; 20:13-14;
3. (), .11:23 ( ); .10:15; 16:2324;
4. , .16:23.
B. , ( ):
1. ( , . 2.12:4; .2:7),
.23:43;
2. , 2.2:4; (. .6; 1).
. .
1. (. ..15:8; 18:16;
.31:9; 66:24; ).
, (. 4.16:3; 21:6; 2.28:3; 33:6),
.18:21; 20:2-5.
2. (.7:32;
19:6-7). 1- 90:26-27
1:103.
3.
,
. , ,
(, , , , . .9:44,46).
( , .3:6).
4. , :
) , .5:22; 18:9; .9:43;
) , .9:48 (.25:46);
) ( ), .10:28;
) , .5:29-30; 18:9;
) , .23:15;
) , .23:33; .12:5;
120

) (. .2:11; 20:6,14)
(. .3:42,50; .19:20; 20:10,14-15; 21:8). , ,
( )
( , 2.2:4; .1:6, , . .8:31; .9:1-10; 20:1,3);
) , , . 25:41.
. , , , :
1. /;
2. ( ) ,
: KJV ()
();
3. , ,
.16:19-31 ( ). (.
.32:22; .17:2-6). .
III.
.
:
1. ;
2. ;
3. ,
.
. :
1. , .10:28;
2. , , , .12:26-27; .16:23;
3. , .17;
4. ,
, 1.4:13-18;
5. , ,
1.15:23,52;
6. , , ,
2.5:6,8; .1:23. ,
1.3:18-22.
IV.
A. :
1. , .1:1-8; .42:5; 45:18;
2. , .1:14; .10:14; .148:4; .4:14; 7:26;
3. , .10:14; 3.8:27; .148:4; .4:10; .9:24
( , 2.12:2).
. . , ,
(. 1.2:9).
B. (. .14:2-3), (. 2.5:6,8).
(.1-2; .21-22). (.
.3:21; .8:21; 2.3:10). (.1:26-27) .
.
(,
, .21:9-27), . 1.15
. 1.2:9
( .64:4 65:17) ! , ,
, (. 1.3:2).
121

V. :
A. William Hendriksen, The Bible On the Life Hereafter [ ,
, 1998]
. . Rawlings, Beyond Death's Door [. , ]
, ,
!
5:15 , ,
(. 2:9,12,17). ,
adam (NASB ),
Isshah (NASB ).

; . 20 21,
.
5:16 ,
. ,
, ,
,
. (. .5:13-16). ,
?
,
.
!
5:17 ,

. , .. :
1. ,
2.
3.
4. ,
.
,
.
!

: .5:18-23
18
, ,
;
19
: " , ,
,
!"
122

20

21
22
23

, , ,
, ,
, !
,
!
,
,

!

5:18-23 , , :
1. . 18, ,
2. . 19, (
)
3. . 20, . 19; , ,
,
4. . 21, , (. 19-20)
5. . 22,
6. . 23,
, !
5:18-19 , ,

. , , .
,
. , ,
(. . 19).
! - !
5:19 :
1. , BDB 554, KB 553, Piel-,

2. , BDB 301, KB 300, Hiphil-

3. , BDB 897, KB 1132, Qal, ( ,
; . 1:4)
4. , BDB 97, KB 112, Qal-
5. , BDB 393, KB 390, Qal-
. 12! ,
,
. (.3) !
NASB #1 #2 :

--- ( , ,
. 8:1,3),
(. 967).
123

5:20 , , ,
. . 18-23, ,
, , - ,
. , ,
, (. .6:22-23). , 3-
, ,
, !
5:21 ,

(.., .3). ,
.9:23-24.
! ,
(. .26:5,12,16; 28:11).
5:22 , ,
, (NASB ),
, , .
,
(BDB 1016) :
1. , 1:22, ,
,
2. ,
3. , - ,
, (
,
, )
, ,
. (. 5:11,22; 28:7; 56:12; .20:1; 23:29-35;
.2:11). ,
(. .74:9). .
1:22.
5:23
, ,
.
, , (,
) ( ).
, .1:23; 10:1-2 (. .23:8;
.10:17; 16:19; .17:23; .3:11; 7:3).

: .5:24-25
24
, ,
,
, , ;

.
124

25

,
,
, .
,
.

5:24 , (..
, . 33:11; 47:14; .2:5; .4:1). . 1:31.
, , ,
.


. ,
(. . 19). . .
1:1.
5:25 .
, !
, (. .12:48).
,
, (. .1:1; .14:5). ,
, .
. (., 64:3; .19:18; .4:24;
.2:10; .1:5).

, , (.,
.39:4,17-20; .3:3). ,
. -
(. 1.31:8-13).

:
I.
. , , ..
.
. : !
II.
. (. .6:3).
. (. .23 .35:19;
.21:23).
. :
1. , 28:26;
125

2. , 14:2;
3. , 8:2; 22:19.
. , .
. , , . ,
(: .3:19; . 102:14; 103:29).
. ,
, , ,
.
III.
. , ,
. , ..
, (. .11:39).
.
(. .11:44; 19:39-40).
.
, , .

: .5:26-30
26
,
,
, ;
27
, ;
,
,
;
28
, ;
, ;
29
; ,
,
, .
30
;
, , ,
.

5:26
(. 11:12; 18:3; 30:17; 31:9; 49:22).
(, ) ( , ),
. ,
!
: (1) ,
, , ; (2) ,
;
.28:49-57.
, ,
(. Isa. 1:2-4; 11:9,10,11; 27:13; 49:22; 56:7; 62:10; 66:19)!
126

 , goyim (NASB
).
, ,
.
, .

(. 7:18).
(BDB 1056) , ,
.
. ,

. .28:49.
5:27-30 . ,
. ,
.40:29-31.
!
-, (. .1-2).
5:28 (BDB 693) /:
1. , .17:13; 21:1; .21:18; 37:9; .82:16
2. , .29:6; .4:12-13
) , .66:15; .4:13
) , , .5:28
5:29 (BDB 664, KB 717, Hiphil-)
, , (. 42:22; 43:13; 47:14; .5:14; .5:8).
.
(.., , ).
5:30, , , .
, !
!!!

127


, , , ,
.
, .
, .
.
.
, - .
1. ( -) ?
2. ? (. .1:24, 28)
3. -? ?
4. , 8-23.
5. . 26 ?

128

 , 6

NKJV

NASB

NRSV

6:1-5
(3)

6:1-5
(3)

6:1-5
(3)

(5)
6:6-7

(5)
6:6-7
(7)

6:6-13

6:8-13

(9-10)
(11-13)

6:8
(8)
6:9-10
(9)
(10)
6:11-13
(11-13)

TEV

6:1-3
(3)
6:4
6:5
6:6-7

6:8
6:8
(8)
6:9-10
(9-13)

NJB

6:1-3
(3)
6:4-5
(5)
6:6-10
(7)

(8)
(9-10)

6:11a

6:11-13

6:11-13a
6:13

( . 24)

, , , ,
.
, .
, .
.
. .
.
, ,
. , .
1. .
2. .
3. .
4. .

129


. :
6- , 1-?
1. , ,
, .
, .
,
.
2. , 1-5 .
, :
)
)
) /
)
) ( )
. [The Jewish Study Bible] (. 796)
6. ,
6 , .
1-5 , ,
6:9-10,
( 7-66) . , . ,
, .
. 6
, 12 .
( ) (.
12:4-5). .
:
1.
2.

. , , . 1-4
. , , . 5
. , , . 5
. , . 6-7
. , . 9-13

130


: .6:1-5
1
,
, . 2 ;
: ,
, . 3 : , ,
! ! 4 ,
.
5
: ! !
,
,
, .

6:1 (792-740 ..) (.

4.15:3; 2.26:4-5). , (
, ). (
-),
(. 4.15:5; 2.26:16-23).
4- , 15, 2- , 26,
. -, ( ) , ,
2.26:17 , , 2-
. ,
740 . .., .
.
, ,
(. .16:13; .33:20; 3.19:13; .6:5;
.1:18; 6:46; 1.6:16). ! ,
, (. .12:41).
, , :
1. , .33:11; .12:8; .34:10
2. , , , , .24:10-11

.
. , , ,
, !
adonai (BDB 10, .
1:1). .

3.22:19; .102:19, .66:1. 1 10
/ (..,
).
131

 (. . 5;
.4:2,3; 20:11, . . . [The Language and Imagery of the
Bible by N. T. Wright], . 172-182).

()

I.

.
A. :
1. .1:4,31; 6:8; .33:17; .14:14; .11:12; .4:10
2. .15:17; .11:23; .2:15
3. .6:6; 15:16; .11:23; .4:34; 5:15
4. .11:18; 1.8:21; 4.19:16; .5:2; 9:38; 17:7
5. .32:30; 33:11; .6:25; .34:10; .113:7
6. / .8:19; 31:18; .9:10; .8:4
7. .3:8,10; .15:26; 19:19; .26:17; 27:10
8. .24:10; .43:7
9. / .24:9-11; .46; .6:1; .1:26
10. .16:7-13; 22:11-15; 31:11,13; 48:15-16; .3:4,13-21; 14:19;
.2:1; 6:22-23; 13:3-22
. :
1. .1:3,6,9,11,14,20,24,26
2. (.., ) .3:8; 18:33; .3:15
3. .7:16
4. .8:21; .26:31; .5:21
5. .11:5; 18:21; .3:8; 19:11,18,20
6. .34:6
. /:
1. // .6:6,7; .32:14; .2:18; 1.15:29,35;
.7:3,6
2. .4:14; 15:7; .11:10; 12:9; 22:22; 25:3,4; 32:10,13,14; .6:5; 7:4; 29:20
3. .20:5; 34:14; .4:24; 5:9; 6:15; 32:16,21; ..24:19
4. .20:23; 26:30; .32:19
. :
1. :
) .4:22; .14:1; 39:5
) 2.7:11-16; .2:7
) , .1:31; 8:5; 32:1; .26:10; .3:12;
.3:4,22; 31:20; .11:1-4; .3:17
2. .11:1-4
3. .26:10 ( ); .49:15; 66:9-13
4. .1-3
II. .
A. ( ).
, !
132

. ,
( ) (,
, , ).
. - ,
, (. .20; .5)
. ! ,
, (. 1.1:1-3). (.
.1:1-18).

. ,
. (.
.9:11,24; .5-6).

( . 4). , -
, ,
.
6:2 . .

. . ,
/ .14:29; 30:6 (BDB 977 I BDB 733).
, ().
. , .
, , (BDB 977 II).
, (BDB 976).
. , .4:8 .
(.25:19)
(.1:6-14), ,
.

:
1. /; ,

2. ;
;
(. 7:20; .4:25;
.3:24; .3:4,7,8,14; 1.24:3), , .22:30,
; ,
(. .3:5)
3. , .. (. . 6)
133

6:3 , , .
1. , , BDB 872, ,
)
(1) , 5:16; 6:3 ()
(2) , 40:25; 49:7; 57:15
(3) , 57:15
(4) , 58:13
2. , , BDB 872, , ,
) , 5:16; 29:23
) , 8:13; 65:5
) , 13:3
) , 29:23
) , 30:29
) , 66:17
3. , , BDB 871, , ,
) , 6:13
) , 11:9; 27:13; 56:7; 57:13; 65:11,25; 66:20
) , 23:18
) , 35:8
) , 43:28; 62:9; 64:11
) , 48:2; 52:1
) (), 49:7
) (. ), 52:10
) , 58:13
) , 62:12
) , 63:10,11
) , 63:15
) , 63:18
) , 64:10
(.
.7:4; .21:27).

I.
. (kadosh) . , (.., kd)
, , .
( , . .7:6; 14:2,21; 26:19)
.
. , ,
, .
, , .
. ( ) , .
(. .6:3). . , ,
. ,
, ( ).
134

. , .
, .

.
[Robert B. Girdlestone, Synonyms of the Old Testament], . 112-113.
II.
. ( ),
(.., ).
,
, .
. , (. .1:35; 4:34; .3:14;
4:27,30). (. .3:14; 22:14). ,
(. .8:46; 2.5:21; .4:15; 7:26; 1.1:19; 2:22; 1.3:5).
. , (. .11:44-45; 19:2; 20:7,26;
.5:48; 1.1:16). ,
(. .8:28-29; 2.3:18; .4:19; .1:4; 1.3:13; 4:3; 1.1:15).
, ,
.
(NASB )
. . 1:9.
. (.
.1:26,27; 3:15; 12:3; .19:5,6; .14:21; .2:8; 21:28-29; 58:14; 71:8,19; .45:21-22; 49:6;
52:10; .5:4). , (., 12:5; 24:14-16;
42:10-12). . 2:2.
6:4 (. . 8), ,
, (.., , , . 3).
(BDB 569, KB 583, Niphal-)
.10:4. .14:21; .71:19;
.2:14. (1) ; (2) ,
, (. .40:34);
(3) , .
6:5 ! ! (BDB 198 II, KB 225, Niphal-)
, , (.., ) - -:
1.
) , .15:1
) , .47:5
2.
) , .4:6
) , .1:11
) , . . 5
3.
) , .10:7,15
135

) , .32:2
4. , , , .48:15,21
5. , , .6:5

- !
, (. .11:44-45; 19:2; 20:7,26; .18:13;
.5:48)! , ,
.
(. .15:18; .7:20,23).
.29:13 (.15:8-9) .33:30-32.
(.., , .
.18 36) (.., ).
, !
,
. ,
(. .5:8), , , .
( )
, (. .36:22-38).
. . 1.
,
(.., .15:18; .23:21; .8:23; 1.8:7; 12:12; 3.22:19;
.46:18; 48:15; 51:57).

: .6:6-13
6
, ,
, 7 : , ,
, . 8 ,
: ? ? : , .
9
: :
,
.
10
,
,
,
,
,
,
, .
11
: , ? :
, ,
,
.
12
,
.
136

13

, ;
,
, ,
.

6:6 .
, .
, , !
. , , ,
. ,
, .
, , ,
. (1) ; (2) ; (3) , ,
(. 6:9-13). , ,
, (. . 8).
, (BDB 258) (1) ,
, (2) .
.
6:7
.1:9 .10:16. , (.
.2:8-10; 3:3), .15:16 .10:8-11.
, ,
.
(BDB 693, KB 747, Qal-)
, . (.
; , , , BDB 497, KB 493, Pual-,
. 22:14; 27:9; 28:18).
. ,
. , !
, , ,
(. .9).
,
53:5-6 , ,
(.., .3:15; .10:45;
.5:12-21; 2.5:2).
6:8 (
, , ., .1:26; 9:6; .6:45; .109, .1:1; 5:1).
; ,
(., , . 3.22:19-23; .1:6-12; 2:1-6).
.
137

. ,
, ,
.
1. :
) , 3:16-17; 28:19 ( )
) , 14:26
2. : .2:32-33, 38-39
3. :
) , 1:4-5; 5:1,5; 8:1-4,8-10
) 1 , 2:8-10; 12:4-6
) 2 , 1:21; 13:14
) , 4:4-6
) , 1:3-14,17; 2:18; 3:14-17; 4:4-6
) 1 , 1:2-5
) 2 , 2:13
) , 3:4-6
4. : 1.1:2
5. , 20-21
.
1. :
) Elohim ,

) , .1:26-27; 3:22; 11:7
) Shema 6:4 (
.2:24; .37:17)
2. :
) , 16:7-13; 22:11-15; 31:11,13; 48:15-16
) , 3:2,4; 13:21; 14:19
) , 2:1; 6:22-23; 13:3-22
) , 3:1-2
3. : , 1:1-2; 103:30; , 63:9-11; , 37:13-14
4. (YHWH) (Adon) : 44:7-8; 109:1; , 2:8-11; 10:912
5. : , 12:10
6. , 48:16; 61:1
, ,
:
1. ,
2. ,
3.
4.
, ,
.
1.
325 ..
2.
381 ..
138

3. De
Trinitate.
. , ,
, .

, -
(. .22:1,7,11; 27:1; 31:11; 46:2; .3:4; 1.3:4,5,6,8,16; 22:12; 2.1:7).
(BDB 1018, KB 1511) Qal-
. .
.
,
, , , ,
(. .17:18; 20:21). ,
! ,
: , .
!
6:9-10 ,
, :
1. , . 9, BDB 229, KB 246, Qal-
2. , . 9, BDB 55, KB 65, Qal-
3. , . 9, Qal- Qal-
BDB 1033, KB 1570
4. , . 9, BDB 106, KB 122, Qal-,
, . 1:3; 5:21; 10:13; 29:14
5. , . 9, Qal- Qal- BDB 906, KB 1157
6. , . 9, BDB 393, KB 380, Qal-,

7. (. ), . 10, BDB 1031, KB 1566, Hiphil

8. , . 10, BDB 457, KB 455, Hiphil-

9. , . 10, BDB 1044, KB 1612, Hiphil-
(
, , , /).
( , -
/), .
1. , BDB 996, KB 1427, Qal-
2. , BDB 950, KB 1272, Qal-
, ,
/ (. .1:24,26,28; .4:19)
(. 29:9,10; .29:4; .13:13; .11:8)!
, -,
(. .13:13; .4:12; .8:10).
, !
139

6:10 (BDB 1044, KB 1612)

(. 29:9; 32:3).
(BDB 996, KB 1427)
/. .
!

,
. ,
. ,
( )
, .
, ( )
, .
,
:
1. nhm (, BDB 636, KB 688)
2. swb (, BDB 996, KB 1427)
, nhm, , -, ;
, :
) , , , (., .5:29; 24:67; 27:42; 37:35;
38:12; 50:12; , . 4.15:14; 1.4:19; .1:1; 7:7; .1:1)
) , (., .6:6,7)
) , (., .13:17; 32:12,14; .23:19)
) (., .32:36)
, !
: ,
. ,
. ,
, .
. , , (.
.6:6,7; .32:14; .2:18; 1.15:11,35; .105:45),
, ,
(. .23:19; 1.15:29; .109:4; .4:27-28; .24:14).
// ,
!
.
.
, swb, / ( ,
, ). ,
(., .3:2; 4:17; .1:4,15; 2:17; .3:3,8; 5:32; 13:3,5; 15:7;
17:3), nhm
, swb ( ,
: .4:6-11, [ ], .5:4,6,14,
, ).
140

 (. 2.12; .31,
50). , ,
, !
(. 2.33:12-13).
.89:13.
, ,
(. .1:16-20).
() , . , ,
, .

!
6:11 ,
/ .
6:12 ,
,
(, ).
6:13 . ( )
1:9. , (1) , -, 7:3,
, (2) 10:20-22.
(NASB ) 13
:
1.
, , .
(.. , . 4:2; 11:1; 53:2; .23:5; 33:15; .3:8;
6:12). (.., ).
2. (..
) /. ,
!
, 13 ,
. !
1. , BDB 1021 I;
(. 1.26:16); , ,
2. (NASB ), BDB 663;

)
) (.. )
, 4:2,
. . 11:1. LXX.

141


, , , ,
.
, .
, .
.
.
, - .
1.
2.
3.
4.

?
?
?
?

142

 , 7

NKJV

NASB

NRSV

7:1-2

7:1-2

(7:1:-8:15)
7:1-2

7:3-9

7:3-9
(7-9)

7:3-9
(7-9)

7:10-17

7:10-17

7:10-17

TEV

7:1
7:2
7:3-6
7:7-9a
7:9

7:10-11
7:12
7:13-16
7:17

7:18-20

7:21-22
7:23-25

7:18-22
(18-19)
(20)
(21-22)
7:23-25
(23-24)
(25)

7:18-19

7:18-19

7:20
7:21-22
7:23-25

7:20
7:21-22
7:23-25

NJB


7:1-2
7:3-9
(7-9)


7:10-12
(11)
(13-17)

7:18-25
(18-25)

( . 24)

, , , ,
.
, .
, .
.
. .
.
, ,
. , .
1. .
2. .
3. .
4. .
143


. ( 7-12) ,
, ,
.
. , , 735-733 . ..,
III ( , . 4.15:19)
.
1. 7-10:4 735 . .. ( III,
745-727 . ..)
2. 10:5-34 701 . .. ( , 705-681 .
..)
3. 11:1-12:26 .
.
:
1. (-), 7:3
2. , 7:14-16
3. (---), 8:1,3
4. /, 7:14; 9:6-7, 11:1-5
5. , 11:6-9
. :
1. 7-10:4 4.16 2.28
2. 10:5-34 4.18:17-20:11 2.32:9-24
. ,
, (. 37:14-20,30). ,
! (..,
), , , / .

: .7:1-2
1
, , , , ,
, , , , ,
, . 2 :
; ,
.

7:1 735-715 . .. (736728 . .. 732/731-716/715 . .. ; .

4).
144

 ,
.
, ( : 737732; 736-730; NIV 752-732). .
4, .
7:2 ,
,
.

NASB

NKJV

NRSV

TEV
NJB

LXX

Peshitta

REB

(BDB 628, KB 679, Qal-) , .
. ,
- .
, . 19
.
,
, .

(BDB 631, KB 681, Qal- Qal-
).
,
.
.
, !
: .7:3-9
3
: - ,
, , 4 :
;
, . 5,
, : 6 ,
. 7 :
; 8 , ;
; 9 ,
. , , .
145

7:3 ,
.
, .. , ..
- . (.
), 10:20-23. ,
, ,
. :
1. ;
2. .
. . ( ) 1:9.
/ ,
.
. .
, !
7:4-9 .
.
1. (NASB ), BDB 1036, KB 1581, Niphal-
2. , BDB 1052, KB 1641, Hiphil-
3. , BDB 431, KB 432, Qal-,
4. (NASB ), BDB 939, KB 1236, Qal,
(. 5).
- (. 6):
1. , BDB 748, KB 828, Qal-,

2. (NASB ; ), BDB 880,

KB 1089, Hiphil-,
3. (NASB ), BDB 131, KB 149, Hiphil,
4. , BDB 573, KB 590, Hiphil-,

7 :
1. , BDB 877, KB 1086, Qal-
2. , BDB 224, KB 243, Qal-
,
, / . ,
/ (. . 9)!
1. (NASB ), BDB 52, KB 63, Hiphil-,
( , . . 13,14)
2. , . (NASB
), BDB 52, KB 63, Niphal-,
2.20:20.
2.7:16 ,
.
, / (. 30:15). .
, , , 22:23.
146

7:4 ,
. (.. ) 732 .
.., (.. ) 722 . .. . 8 (65 )
.
7:6
NASB

NKJV

NRSV

NJB

Peshitta


REB
(BDB 131, KB 149, Hiphil-,
) (. 4.3:26).
(BDB 370) . : (1) ,
; (, LXX , ),
, ,
, .

. , , ,
, .
7:7 :
,
(. . 17, 18 20).
8:10 28:18.
7:8 , ,
.
(.
3.17:24; .4:2). (1)
; (2)
; (3) , .
7:9 . , , ,
22:23.

: .7:10-17
10
, : 11
: , . 12 :
. 13 : , !
, ? 14
: , , : . 15
,
; 16
147

, , , . 17
,
, .

7:11 . 11 ( NASB
, , , ):
1. , (BDB 981, KB 1371, Qal), . NKJV,
2. (),
(, BDB 982), . NASB, , TEV, NJB, REB (LXX )
UBS
( ) ( ).
. ,
,
.
. ,
( ), .
, !
, ,
! (. 37:30; 38:7,8; 55:13).
, ,
(. .12:38-39; 16:1,4; .8:11-12; 13:4; .11:16,29; .2:18; 4:48; 6:30;
1.1:22). , / (. .7:21-22;
24:24; .13:22)!

. ,
.
- .
, (NASB , ,
, ) ,
, .
, .
. ? 5:14.
7:12 :
, (BDB 650, KB
702) (. .17:2,7; .14:22; .6:16; .77:18,41,56; 94:9; 105:14).
,
, . .
,
, !
7:13 (BDB 1033, KB 1570, Qal-,
) , (.. 712) . , , !
148

 ,
, (. 2.7).
(NASB )
(BDB 589, . .16:13; ..22:17; .16:20; 34:18).
( ) -
.
(NASB ) (BDB 521, KB 512)
:
1. (Hiphil- )
2. (Hiphil-)
(.
2.7) !
7:14 (BDB 16) ,
, (. . 15-16)!
(NASB ) almah (BDB 761).
, (.
.43:24; .2:8; .30:19). , .
, , bethulah (BDB
143). 23:4,12; 37:22; 47:1; 62:5.
,
, . ,
.
, , , .
, ( )
(. .1:18-23; .1:26-38). !
, ,
, ( [..,
.1:23; .1:31,34], , -
),
- ,
, .
,
, , !
,
. ,
! ,
(.., .1:1; 5:18; 10:33; 14:9-11; .2:6)!
!

NASB
NKJV, Peshitta
NRSV
TEV
NJB, REB

149

LXX

(BDB 248) , , ,
, .
, ;
(.., ), ,
, ( ) .
(NASB ) (BDB 769) (. 8:8,10).
, .
, ,
! , - ,
, ! ,
!
7:15-16 ( ).
(
, ).
7:15 :
, (., .3:8), ,
, (. . 2122).
,
:
1. (.., )
2. , /
/.
(.., Bar-Mitzvah). , 8:4
!
7:16 , , (NASB ,
, )
(. .1:3-5) (. 17:3) . , ,
722 . .. .
, ,
(.. ).
7:17 ,

.

: .7:18-19
18
: , , ,
, 19
, , .
150

7:18
(. . 18,20,21,23). (
, . . 16), , / (..
, , /
/).
. 5:26.
,
, .
7:11; 8:13; 9:3, 6; 11:5, 11; 12:1.
7:19 , ,
,
, .

: .7:20
20
, , ,
, .

7:20 , ,
-
, 4.16:7-9. , (.
2.10:4-5; 1.19:4; .48:37).
, ,
(. 6:2; .3:24; 1.24:3), .
(BDB 919) :
1. , .4:25; .3:24; .3:4,7; 1.24:3
2. , .28:57; .16:25
3. : , .6:2; , .1:23
.36:12 (NIDOTTE, . 3, . 1048).

: .7:21-22
21
: , 22 ,
, ; ,
.

7:21 , .. :
, , ( . 15)?

151

 : .7:23-25
23
: ,
, . 24
, . 25 ,
, , :
, .

7:24-25 ,
( , ,
28 ).

, , , ,
.
, .
, .
.
.
, - .
1. , ?
2. 7:14 ?
3. ?

152

 , 8

NASB

8:1-4

NKJV

8:1-4

NRSV
--

8:1-4

8:1-2
8:3-4

8:5-8

8:5-8
(5-8)

8:5-8

8:9-10
(9-10)

8:9-10
(9-10)

8:9-10
(9-10)

8:11-15

8:11-15

8:11-15
(12-15)

TEV

8:5-8

NJB

8:1-2
8:3-4

8:5-10

(6-8)
8:8
8:9-10

(12-15)

8:16-18

8:16-18
(16-18)

8:19-22

8:19-22

8:16-22

8:11-15

8:16-17
8:18
8:19
8:20

8:21-9:1a

8:11-20

8:21-23a
(21-23a)

8:23-9:6

( . 24)

, , , ,
.
, .
, .
.
. .
.
, ,
. , .
153

1. .
2. .
3. .
4. .

. ,
. ,
.
, !
. , , .
, -
.
. . . 1.
. .
( , )
.
. , !
!
, ,
!
. 6-8 .
, -
.

: .8:1-4
1
:
: ---. 2 :
, , 3 , .
: : ---, 4
: , ,
.

154

8:1-4 (. . 3)
(.., - ) ( ). 732 .
.., .
7:14-16.
8:1 :
1. , BDB 542, KB 534, Qal-
2. , BDB 507, KB 503, Qal-,
/, . .32:4,16
, , ,
, , (BDB
152) , /, (. 30:8).
(BDB 163)
(., 3:23,
, ; . JB, . 1155,
[Bible Background Commentary] . IVP, . 594). ,
, .

NASB

NKJV, LXX

NRSV, REB,
JPSOA

TEV

NJB

Peshitta

,
(BDB 60) . ,
, .

NASB
,
NKJV, NRSV
---
TEV
,
Peshitta
,
JB
---
REB
,
, --- (. . 3).
5:19. ,
. ( )
. ,
. ,
.
.1:6-8 .
8:2
NASB
NKJV
NRSV

155

NJB

LXX

Peshitta

JB

REB

JPSOA

(BDB 729, KB 795, Hiphil-).

, LXX ;
NRSV REB. , (.
.4:26; 30:19; 31:28), (.. , . 1:2).
,
4.16:10-16 ( ). (, )
, 26- 2- ,
.
NIDOTTE, . 3, . 336, ,
, ,
.
8:3
NASB

NKJV, NRSV,
LXX

NJB

REB

(BDB 897, KB 1132, Qal-)
(. .20:4; .18:6,14,19; .22:14; .18:6).
, 7:14.
:
1. , , ,
,
2. , , ,
; 8:3 7:14
.
. , (1)
(BDB 612, ), (2)
.

:
I.
.
:
1. (.20:17);
2. - (.21:7-11);
3.
(.30);
4. (.20:10-14; 21:10-14).
156

.
:
1. , (.1:26-27);
2. , (.20:12 [.5:16]);
3. , (.19:3; 20:9);
4. , (.6:1-2);
5. (.27:1-11);
6. (.29:10-12);
7. (.1:8; 6:20);
8. ( )
(1.25:5-6);
9. (.2:28-29).
. :
1. , , (.15:20-21);
2. , ,
(.35:25-26);
3. , (. .4:4),
(.4:4-5; 5:7);
4. ,
(4.22:14; 2.34:22-27);
5. , ,
6. , , .
II.
. , , - (
),
.
. , :
1. , (.1-2);
2. , (.2:36);
3. (.16:14,40);
4. - (.21:8-9);
5. (.16:1);
6. () (.18:26; .16:3);
7. , , , , , , -
(.6-16);
8. (KJV), - (.16:7);
9. (.4:2-3).
III.
?
. ,
,
, , ,
?
1.
, . ,
.
2. ,
:
) (.. ) (. .15; .3);
157

) ;
) 1- ,
, :
(1) (1.6);
(2) (1.7:20-24);
(3) (1.7:1-35);
(4) (1.7:36-38);
(5) (1.8; 10:23-33);
(6) (1.11).
3.
.
,
.
.
. , ,
. ? ,
.
.
,
() (
. - ,
, ?
?). , 1.14:34-35 1.2:9-15
, !
? ,
. ,
, ,
, . , ,
,
, , . ,

?
, - (
, . .16)?
1.11-14. 11:5 , ,
, , ,
14:34-35 ! (.
.16:1) (. .21:9). -
( ),
.
, ,
(. , [Bruce Winter, Corinth After Paul Left]),

.
.
.
,
, !
? ?
158

 -, , ?
, !
;
.
! ,

, , , .

. . ,
,
.
. , ,
, .
. ,
. ,
,
.
. :
1. , , [Gordon Fee
and Douglas Stuart, How To Read The Bible For All Its Worth], (. 61-77);
2. , : [Gordon
Fee, Gospel and Spirit: Issues in New Testament Hermeneutics];
3. . , . , .. . ,
[Walter C. Kaiser, Peter H. Davids, F.F. Bruce and Manfred T. Branch, Hard Sayings
of the Bible], (. 613-616; 665-667).

8:4 , , 7:15-16 ( . 4).

(. 10:5-7).

: .8:5-8
5
:
6
, , ,
,
7

;
;
8
,
;
, !

8:5-6 ,
, (
, . . 8). , .
159

8:6 ?
1.
2.
. 6. , ( )
- (. 7:4-5,8,9). . 7
(. 7:20), (.. ). ,
,
.
, . [Motyer, Tyndale OT
Commentaries], . 81, , :
1. , 28:14
2. , 23:13
3. , 9:16 ( )
, ,
(. 4.20:20; 2.32:30).
(1) (. 5:24; 30:12), (2)
, , ,
.

(. 7:6).
.
(BDB 965) , ,
, . ,
,
. , . 6, , . 6, .
.
, :
1.
2. ,
3. , ( )
4.
, .
8:7 (. 5:26; 7:7,18; 10:5; 13:23). , , .
. !
(NASB ) .
,
.
(.. ) .
.
, .
160

8:8 .
, .
.
NASB, NRSV,
NJB, REB , (
, , . NIDOTTE, . 2, . 670,
), TEV JPSOA
(.., , ),
(BDB 642 BDB 489, . 8:8; .16:8; 35:8; 56:2;
60:2,5; 62:8; 90:1,4), ; .
. 9-10!
, , , !
, , ,
.
, ( ,

, ,
, )!
, !
,
(.. ). ,
7:14 . , ,

(.., 7:15-16).
: .8:9-10
9
, , ,
, !
, ;
, !
10
, ;
, :
!

8:9-10 NASB 1970 9-15 ,

NASB 1995 9-10 (
, . NKJV, NRSV, Peshitta).
:
1. , . 9, BDB 949, KB 1270, Qal-
2. , . 9, BDB 369, KB 365, Qal-, . 7:8; 30:31; 1.2:10; .48:1,2;
49:37; 50:2; 51:56
3. , . 9, BDB 24, KB 27, Hiphil-
4-5. (), . 9, BDB 25, KB 28, Hithpael-
6. , , #2
7. , . 10, BDB 734, KB 801, Qal-
161

8. , . 10, BDB 180, KB 210, Piel-

, , .
. , ,
, ,
. .
1:3.
8:10 (BDB 734)
. ,
(. 14:24-27; .19:21). (. 46:10; 55:8-11;
.32:11). (. 40:13).
, , !
(. /
1:3).
7:14; 8:8.
( ).
: .8:11-15
11
,
, :
12
"
, ;
, , .
13
,
,
!
14

, ,
.
15

, ,
, .
8:11-15 ,
1.
2. , ,

7:9,
. , /!
8:11
NASB
(. )
NKJV, LXX

(BDB 388)
(. () 6:1)
:
162

1. , , 8:11; .15:17; .1:3; 3:14,22;

8:1; 33:22; 37:1; 40:1
2. , .3:20; 6:1; 13:3; 14:31
3. /
) , 19:16; .2:9
) , 26:11; 49:22; .32:40; .20:5
) , 14:26-27; .7:5; .6:12
4. , 19:25; 45:11-12; 48:13; 60:21; 64:8
11 , 12
. , (..,
.1:6). ( ) (-
).
(. .36:22-38).
, , , (.
57:14; 62:10). ,
(.., , . .40:3; .3:3; .1:3; .3:4-6).
8:12 7:2. -
!
,
. ,
, !
8:13 /, (NASB
)! (.
41:10,13,14; 43:1,5; 44:2; 54:4). (.
7:7,18,20)!
:
1. (BDB 432, )
2. (BDB 791, )
. (.
.75:13; .2:5) (. .12:4; .12:43)!
(. .1:7) ; /
!
8:14-15 ,
:
1. (NASB; . .11:16), ( , .
.11:16)
2.
, ( ), (BDB 505, KB 502, Qal-)
.
(). . .
, , (BDB 656, KB 709, Qal-),
, (.. ), / (. 28:13)
(. 24:18)! (.. ) (. . 16-18).

163

I.
. , ,
, (. .17:3).
. (. .49:24; .117:22; .28:16).
. , (. .8:14; .2:3435,44-45).
. , :
1. ,
; ;
2. , ,
(. .4:7; .2:20,21);
, rush (.., );
3. , ,
.
II.
. .117 (. .21:41-46;
.12:10-11; .20:17).
. .117 , ,
(. .9:33).
. .2:20-22
.
. 1.2:1-10.
, (..,
, . 1.6:19), ( , . .14:58;
.12:6; .2:19-20).
,
() .
III.
. / . ,
, ,
, (. 3.9:1-9)!
.
( ;
). , ,
, (.
.1:26-27). .20:17-18, .5:20,
, .
. ,
. , ,
.
(.., .14:6; 1.5:10-12).
. ,
.
. (..,
), .
164

. (), (..,
). , .
, . !

: .8:16-18
16
, ". 17
, , . 18 ,
, ,
.

8:16-18 (. . 1-2).
( ). (BDB 541)
. (.. )
(. 8:16; 50:4 []; 54:13), , ,
, , .
19-22? (1) (..
) (.. ).
8:16
1. , BDB 864, KB 1058, Qal-
2. , BDB 367, KB 364, Qal- (..,
)
, !
8:17 (NASB , ;
)
,
, . (BDB 314, KB 313, Piel), , , ,
, (.
8:17; 25:9; 26:8; 33:2; 40:31; 51:5; 60:9; 64:4; .3:8). ,
, .
, (.
.31:17-18).
(NASB ) (BDB 875,
KB 1082, Piel-) , /.
1. 5:2,7
2. 25:9; 33:2; 60:9
. ,
, ! , -
.
8:18 ..,
(. .2:13).
165

 ,
(.., . 1.28:2; .98:5; 131:7, , ).
: .8:19-22
19
: ,
, : ?
? 20 .
, , . 21 ,
; , .
22
, ; , ,
. , .
8:19-22 , , ,
,
.
.18:9-11 .20:26,31.
8:19 (BDB 205, KB 233) :
1. , , (), Qal-
2. , , , Qal-
11:10 ,
(.. ).
, 8:11,
.
! ,
!
,
.
1. ; (BDB
981, KB 1371) , , .
(., , ..9:14, , .4:12).
(. , BDB 15) ,
.
, .19:31; 20:6,27, : (1)
, , (2) ,
. (LXX) .8:19
. .29:4
, ,
, . .
, 1.28:7-9,
-, ,
, .. ( ).
(. , BDB 396)
(BDB 395). , ,
, (.
.8:19; 19:3).
166

2. ; (BDB 396) ,
(. 19:3; .19:31; 20:6,27; .18:11; 1.28:3,9; 4.21:6;
23:24):
) , BDB 861, KB 1050, Pilpel-, . 29:4
) , BDB 211, KB 237, Hiphil-
8:20 NRSV REB
, . 19. , ,
(.., 19:3; 31:1) , !
, (NASB ; . 47:12-13).
: , , (. 8:1,2,16).
8:21 21 22
, . NJB. . , :
?
, 27-28 ,
!
(.. , . . 22; 5:13-17)
(. NRSV REB,
LXX).
, .22:28 .24:1516. , . ,
19-20 .
8:22 ( NASB ,
. 1 9). 9.
/ . 5:30.
(.
.4:23-26,27-28).

167

 , 9

NASB

NKJV

NRSV

TEV

NJB

(8:21-9:1)

(8:23-10:4)

9:1-7

9:1-7
(1-2)

9:1

9:1a

9:1-2
(1-2)

9:1-7

9:2-7
(2-7)

(2-7)

(2-7)

(3-5)

(6-7)

9:8-12
(8-12)

9:8-12
(8-12a)
(12)

(9:8-10:4)
9:8-12
(8-12)

9:3
(3)
9:4
(4)
9:5-6
(5-6)

(9:7-10:4)
9:7-11
(7-11)

9:8-10
9:11-12
9:12-16
(12-16)

9:13-17
(13-17)

9:13-17
(13-17)

9:13-17
(13-17)

9:13-17
9:17-20
(17-20)

9:18-21
(18-21)

9:18-21
(18-21a)
(21)

9:18-21
(18-21)

9:18-10:4

( . 24)

, , , ,
.
, .
, .
.
. .
.
168

 , ,
. , .
1. .
2. .
3. .
4. .

. 9 8:19-22,
(.., , ).
. :
1. (BDB 365), 5:20; 8:22; 9:2; 29:18; 42:7; 45:3,7,19; 47:5; 49:9; 58:10; 59:9; 60:2
2. (BDB 734), 8:22; 9:1
3. (BDB 66), 8:22; 58:10; 59:9
4. (NASB ; BDB 457, KB 455, Hiphil-), 9:1
5. (BDB 21, , 152), 9:2 ()
6. (NASB ; BDB 853), 9:2; ;
.22:4; 43:20; 106:10,14; .2:6; 13:16; .5:8
7. (BDB 618, KB 667, Qal-), 9:2
, /.
(. 1.1:5,7; 2:8,9,10; .21:22-25)!
. ,
.
.
. ,
; (.,
7:14).
. :
1.
2.
, .
- !

: .9:1-7
1
;
, , .
2
, ,
169

4
5
6

;

.
,
.
,
,
.
, , , ,
, .

, , , .
;
,
: , , ,
, .

,

.
.

9:1 ( NASB 22 8 , . 1
9). 8 , LXX . 23
9.
(BDB 734) 8:22 8:23 (9:1).
. ,
. ,
, , ,
. ( , ) ,
.
, .
(1) ( ,
), , (2) (NASB
), , .
, (NASB , ) , , (BDB 75, ).
, : (1) ,
(2) .
9:1,3 ( NASB [.
]) NASB ,
.
170

 8:19-22
9:1 . , -
732 . .. III ( , . 4.15:29).
- , - .
(NASB
, . .4:12-17).
, ,
,
. ,
. ( ),
.
(BDB 165 II
BDB 156). . ,
, ,
, goy (BDB 156, . 9:3).
(. .12:2; 18:18; .19:6; .1:4).
(1) (2) ,
, ,
.
9:2 ,
(. .33:2; .3:3; .21:22-24). (BDB 21)
(. .42:6; 49:6; 51:4; 60:1,3). ,
.
! ,
, !
9:3 (, BDB 915, KB 1176, Hiphil-)

, :
1. (. .15:5; 26:4; .10:22; 28:62)
2. (. .22:17; 32:12)
3. / (. .13:16; 28:14; .23:10)
()
(BDB 518), NASB .
() (
). LXX .
(BDB 970) (,
. 17), (BDB 162, KB 189,
Qal-). (BDB 970, KB 1333,
Qal-). , !
. (.., ).
:
1.
2.
171

9:4-5 (. 3), (..

):
1. , (.. , . .28:2;
.34:27)
2. ,
3. (
, . 10:27)
, , , BDB 369, KB 365, Hiphil, . 7:8; 8:9 ().
(.., )
, , ,
. ,
, , (.. ).
9:4 . 10:26 6-8 .
9:5 , (.. /)
.
.
,
,
(. .45:10; 75:4; .2:18).
- . 4
!
9:6-7 NKJV .
6 , :
1. ; ,
(. 2.7)
2. ( ):
) , , . 14:26,27; 19:17
) , . 10:21
)
) , . .5:5
,
.
,
.
. , ,
. 7:14 8:8-10,
9:6, ,
. , , ,
. , : (1)
, (2) /, (3) , (4)
.
, , .7:14; .32:18. ,
,
!
(.., .8:10; 9:14; .4:35,39;
172

.40:18,25; 46:5). (. .1:114; .2:6; .1:2-3). ,

/ (..,
). !
(
) , ,
. .
1:3. .3:15
.3:16; 4:42; 1.2:4; .2:11; 2.3:9; 1.2:1; 4:14.
7 :
1. (. 5:4)
2. (. .5:5)
3. (. 16:5; 2.7)
4. (NASB ;
, . 32:16; 33:5; 59:14)
5. (//)
, 7, / (.
.2:44; 4:3,34; 6:26; 7:13-14,27; .37:25; .4:7; 5:4; 2.1:11),
(. ,
20, www.freebiblecommentary.org).
!
. (..,
).

: .9:8-12
8
,
,
9
,
,
:
10
;

.
11
,
:
12
, ;
.
,
.

9:8-12 .
(. . 9), :
1. (BDB 144) (BDB 152)
) , , . 10
) , , . 10
173

2. (BDB 960, KB 1305, Piel-) (BDB 1127, Pilpel, , , 19:2)

) , . 12
) , . 12
3. (. . 12,17,21):
)
)
9:8-9
, 922 . ..
: .9:13-17
13
,
.
14
,
, :
15
, ;
- .
16
,
.
17
,
:
,
.
,
.
9:13-17
:
1. (NASB ; .., , .
, BDB 996, KB 1427, Qal-)
2. (NASB /; BDB 205, KB 233, Qal-)
(NASB )
( [; NASB
] [-]) !
(BDB 1073, KB 1766, Hiphil-),
(. , BDB 118, KB 134, Pual-). .15:14; 23:16,24
. , , ,
?! (NRSV, MT,
):
1. (. 17)
2. (. 17)
3. (. 17)
(.., .10:18),
!
, :
1. (NASB ; BDB 338)
174

2. (BDB 949, KB 1269, Hiphil-)

3. (BDB 615)
8-12 ( ),
12; 17 21. , , ,
10:4, .
.
, !
9:16
NASB
(. )
NKJV

NRSV

TEV

NJB

LXX

Peshitta

REB

(BDB 118, KB 134) , ,

(. 25:7,8; 28:4; 49:19), , , ,

1. , (KB 135 II, . .19:28)

2. (KB 135 III, . 3:12; 19:3; 28:7) (NASB)
,
. , , ,
, !
9:17
. , .

: .9:18-21
18
, , ,

,
.
19
,
;
.
20
, ;
, ;
:
21
, ,
.
,
.

175

9:18-21 .
, . . 1:31.
!
:
1.
2. ,
3. , ( , . .19:9;
, JPSOA, , )
!
9:18 , , ,
, :
1. (; NASB )
2. 62:1 ()

176

 , 10

NKJV

NASB



10:1-4
(1-4)

(9:8-10:4)

NRSV

(9:8-10:4)
10:1-4
(1-4)

TEV

NJB

(9:8-10:4)

(9:7-10:4)

10:1-4

10:1-4

10:5-11
(5-11)

10:1-4
(1-4)

10:5-11
(5-11)

10:12-14

10:12-14

10:12-14

10:7-11
10:12
10:13-14

10:12-14

(13-14)
10:15-19
(15-19)

(13-14)
10:15-19
(15-19)

(13-14)
10:15-19
(15-19)

10:15

(13-14)
10:15-19
(15-19)

,

10:20-23
(20-23)

10:20-23

10:16-19

10:20-23

10:24-27

10:24-27

10:20-23

10:24-27

10:24-27
(27)

10:28-32
(28-32)
10:33-34
(33-34)

10:28-32
(28-32)
10:33-34
(33-34)

, !
10:5-11
(5-11)

10:27-32
(27-32)
, ,

10:33-34
(33-34)

10:5-6

10:5-11
(5-11)

10:20-23
(20-23)

10:24-27
(24-27)

10:28-32

10:28-34
(28-34)

10:33-34

( . 24)

, , , ,
.
, .
, .
.
. .
.
177

 , ,
. , .
1. .
2. .
3. .
4. .

: .10:1-4
1
,
,
2

,

.
3
,
?
?
?
4

.
,
.
10:1 (BDB 222) (
). - (NASB 1995, ):
1. , 1:4; 17:12
2. ! (. ,), 1:24
3. , 5:8,11,18,20,21,22; 10:1,5; 18:1; 28:1; 29:1,5; 30:1; 31:1; 33:1; 45:9,10; 55:1 (..,
)
4. ! (. ), 55:1; , , 10:5
, , (., #4). ,
, , , (. 3:9,11; 6:5;
24:16; 8 ).
. 1 (.. ,
) ( , . 5:23).
,
, (. . 2; 1:17,23;
3:14,15; 11:4; .16:19; 24:17; 27:19; .17:23; 18:5; .4:1; 5:12).
178

10:2 : ,
(.. ), !
10:3 !
, ,
, , ,
(. . 4). , ,
, ,
!!! ,
!
10:4
(. 9:12,17,21). (.
/ 6:1)
.

: .10:5-11
5
, , !
!
6

,

, .
7

;

.
8
: " ?
9
, ?
, ?
, ?
10
,
, ,
11
,
?"

10:5-19 ,
. ,
.
.
(. . 5; 6; .1:12-17,
). !
(.. , , , ),
(. .12:23; .46:8-9; 65:7; .2:21; .17:26, ..,
, . /
1:3).
179

, .
, (. .32:34-43; .14:24-27; 30:27-33; 31:5-9).
, , (. 13:5) !
10:5 , , (NASB , )
(. 7:17; 8:7).
, (. 10:24-27).
, 8-11,12.
10:6 ,
(. 9:17,19)!
19:17; 32:6. !
, !
. 21, (NASB
), (. 7:3),
(. 8:1,3).
10:7
,
. : ,
.

Qal- (. 6), :
1. (BDB 1021, KB 1531)
2. (BDB 102, KB 117)
3. ( BDB 962, KB 1321, BDB 942)
Hiphil-
. 7,:
1. (BDB 1029, KB 1552)
2. (BDB 503, KB 500)
10:8-11 (.. , TEV) :
1. (NRSV, TEV, NJB, REB, Peshitta),
. 8
2. ( III , , 701 . ..)
,
, . 9:
) ( ), (. .6:2), 742 . .. (
)
) () ,
738 . ..
) (), (. 2.8:4) ,
738 . ..
) , - , 741 . ..
) ( ), II 722 . ..
) ( ), 732 . ..
3. , , . 11;
(. 2:8)
.
180

 ,
. ,

. -
, .

, ,
, , 701 . .. .
III ( ). ,
, .
10:11 (BDB 47). ,
, , ,
(. NIDOTTE, . 1, . 411).
. ,
(. .4:35,39; 6:8; 32:39; .43:9-11; 45:21-22; .2:11; 5:7,10;
.3:30; 1.8:4,6; 1.2:5; .2:19).
() , , ,
, (.. ).

: .10:12-14
12
, , :

.
13
:
" ,
:
,
,
, ;
14
, ;
, ,
, , ".

10:12-14 .
(. 12)
1.
2.
(. 12-14),
, ,
(. . [The IVP
Bible Background Commentary OT] . IVP, . 599):
1.
2.
, !
181

10:13
NASB
(. )
NKJV

NRSV, TEV,
REB

NJB

(BDB 7) , ,
:
1. / , .24:22; 34:20; .46:15; .1:15
2. , .46:12
3. , .77:25
4.
) ; .10:13 ,
(., , . .21:14; 67:31;
.34:7)
) , .5:22; .8:16; 47:3; 50:11
10:14
(. .19:4; .32:11; .2:12; .31:5; .23:37; .13:34),
! !
: .10:15-19
15
, ?
, ?
, ;
, !
16
, , ,
, .
17
, ,
;
18
, , ;
, .
19
,
.
10:15-19 :
1. : , ?
2. : , ?
3. : , ?
4. : , ?
, (. 17). (1)
III, , , (2) (701 . ..),
.36-38; 4.18:17-21:11; 2.32:9-24, 185000
(#2 ,
III).
!
182

10:16 . ,
.
. (.
.32:29; .5:18; .45:7; .6:1; .3:6).
. , ,
:
1.
2.
3.
4.
, !
10:17 (. 9:2) (. 9:19; 29:6; 30:27; 31:9;
33:11-12,14). . 1:31.
10:18 ,
. ,
!
, !

: .10:20-23
20
:
, , , ,
.
21
, .
22
, , , , ,
;
;
23
, , .

10:20-23 :
1. ( , BDB
1043, KB 1612, Niphal-),
.
2. /.
, ,
, . ,
: .
, :
[Plowshares and Pruning Hooks: Rethinking the Language of Biblical Prophecy
and Apocalyptic by D. Brent Sandy].
10:20 , / ,
, , .
(.. ) !
183

10:21 (NASB )
. ,
922 . .. 722 .
..
538 . .., . .
( ) 1:9.
(-), (.
7:1-3).
, 9:6
. .
10:22 ,
, (.
.22:17; 32:12).
, ,
, ,
1.
2. /
3.
, - (. . 20),
, (. . 21-22).
!
(NASB )

1. , . 22
2. , . 23 (NASB , , ,
)
(BDB 358, KB 356, .
28:22; .9:26,27; 11:36). (. 22). 23 (1)
23, (2) (LXX, Peshitta, NRSV;
LXX .9:27-28). #1. , ;
!

: .10:24-27
24
, : , !
. , . 25 ,
, , . 26
, ,
, , . 27 :
, ; .

10:24-27 ,
:
1. (. . 22)
184

2. (. .37:26-28)
3. (. .14:16,27)
4. (. .6-8)
, , . 27,
(. 14:25) 9:4,
(, , . 9:4; .82:10-12).
10:24 (BDB 431, KB 432, Qal-)
. : ,
(. 25-27).
10:26 ,
. (.
.7:24-25). , ,
, . .
10:27
NASB

NKJV

LXX, REB

Peshitta

:
1. LXX, REB
2. NKJV (.., )
3. Peshitta (. .32:15),
. 16
7-12 , ,
, NKJV ,
.

: .10:28-32
28
,
,
.
29
;
;
; .
30
, ;
, !
31
,
.
32
;
, .

10:28-32 .. [H. C. Leupold, Exposition of Isaiah],

. 1, . 40, ()
185

, , .
,
.
10:28 , .
.
10:30

1. BDB 843, KB 1007, Qal-

2. BDB 904, KB 1151, Hiphil-
. 28-32.
, . 30 , .

NASB

NKJV

NRSV
, ,
TEV
,
NJB, REB

Peshitta
, ,
:
1. , BDB 772, Qal-
2. , , BDB 776
.
UBS 2 ( ).
,
( NASB, . 974).
10:32
.
: .10:33-34
33
, , , ,
,
.
34
,
.
10:33-34 33-34 ,
. , . 16-19 11:1 .
.
,
. ,
,
1.
2.
186


, ,
, , !
, 16-19.
.
10:33 ,
. (
) ( ). ,
.
10:34
NASB, NKJV

NRSV

TEV

NJB

LXX

REB


1. (. . 33a; . 34a)
2. (. . 33,; LXX)

187

 , 11

NKJV

NASB

11:1-9
(1-9)

11:1-5
(1-5)

NRSV

TEV

NJB

11:1-3
(1-3)

11:1

11:1-4
(1-4)

11:2-5
(2-5)
11:3
(3)
11:4-9
(4-9)
11:6-9
(6-9)

11:10
(10)

11:11-16
(11-16)

11:10
(10)

11:10

11:11
(11)
11:12-16
(12-16)

11:11-16

11:6-9
(6-9)

11:10-16

11:5
(5)
11:6-9
(6-9)

11:10-16
(10-16)

(12-16)

( . 24)

, , , ,
.
, .
, .
.
. .
.
, ,
. , .
1. .
2. .
3. .
4. .
188


. 11 10, . 33-34, (. 10:15-19).
. , ,
, , .
/.
. 11 , 7- 2-
.
. 2:2-4 9:1-7.
10 11 . 1-9 . 11-16, ,
(.. ,
).

: .11:1-5
1
,
;
2
,
,
,
;
3
,

.
4
,
;
,
.
5
,
.

11:1 (,
, , , [NASB ] .14:3, BDB 310,
KB 307) , , (. 6:13; 2.7;
.22:16). / (.., )
! ( )
.52:13-53:12 ( . 2).
[The Jewish Study Bible], . 807,
:
189

 ,
, - ( ) ;
,
(. 2.7:8-16; .88:21-38). geza
, (.. ), .
, ,
40:24.
.
. 10 9:7 16:5.
, ,
; :
1. , .49:8-12, . . 10, .5:5
2. , 2.7
, .
(. .23:5).
, , , ,
, (BDB 666, . 14:19; 60:21; .11:7), (BDB 855,
. 4:2; 61:11), , , , . ,
! . 4:2.
(NASB )
(,BDB 826, KB 963, Qal-, DSS, NASB),
, ( BDB 827):
1. NKJV, NRSV, Peshitta,
2. NJB,
3. LXX, ,
4. REB,
5. JPSOA,
!
11:2 ,
.1:4. , .
, LXX , , .
2, . 3. , .9:6
, ,
, .
, (. 1.16:13).
.
,
.
. . 6:8
32:15-20.
(BDB 924) ,
, .
190

 (NASB ) (BDB 628, KB 679) Qal-

. .
, , 42:1; 59:21; 61:1; .3:16; .4:18.
, , :
1. /
) , BDB 315 ( 10:13)
) , BDB 108 (. .4:6)
2. (. 9:6-7)
) , BDB 420
) , BDB 150
( , . 4.18:20)
3.
) , BDB 395 (NASB )
) , BDB 432 (NASB ; . . 3)
2:2-4; 9:6-7; 42:1-4. ,
.
11:3 (NASB ) (BDB 926,
KB 1195, Hiphil- ).
, (
.8:21).
(BDB 432) /
. (. .20:20;
.4:10; 6:24). (. 2.23:3). , ,
, .
(. 1:7; 2:5; 14:26,27)!


. .
.
11:4 , ?
, . ,
,
! ,
.
!
(NASB ) . 1:4.
.1:16; 2:16,
(. .1; .1).

(. . 2).
191

11:5 .
(. .6:14).

: .11:6-9
6
,
;
, , ,
.
7
,
,
, , .
8
,
.
9
,
,
.

11:6-9 1- 22-
. , .3.
, (. .8:1925). .
.
, .
(. .38:39; 40:34) ! ,
(.1-2), , ,
, (. .65:15; .2:18; .21-22). ,
, ,
! !
!
, ,
, . (. 6)
(. 8) , . , (. .24:38;
.17:27). , ,
(. .22:29-30). ?
? ,
(.. ,
) .
, , . ,
, ,
. ,
,
. , ,
www.freebiblecommentary.org.
192

 , ,
.
?
1. (
)
2. ()
3. ()
4. ( .20:1-10)
5. (. .7:14)
,
(#1-4). ,
()
, .
!
.
, , :
/ (.. ; .1-3
.21-22)? : (1) , (2) , (3)
-, , (. .4:21-24; 18:36)?
11:6
NASB, NKJV,
NRSV
(. )
REV, REB

NJB

LXX
. , ,
. ( )
(). UBS
( ).
,
, .
DSS .
(. 1:11;
.5:22).
11:9 , ,
. 9. , /
(. .1:26-27; 3:15). !

: .11:10
10
:
,
, , ,
.
193

11:10 , . 4, 9 10, :
1. ;
2. () .3:15
, .
, ,
? , ? , (
) . , !
.
1:3. ,
, ! !

: .11:11-16
11
:
,

,
, , , , , , ,
.
12
,
,

.
13
,
.
,
.
14
,
;
,
.
15

,

,
,
.
16
, ,
,
,
.

11:11 , (. 2:2,11,
12,20; 3:7,18; 4:1,2; 7:17,18,20; 9:14; 10:3,17,20,27). /!
194

 (.., , ),
, ( ).
( 7-12) ,
, (. 2:2-4; 9:1-7)!

. .1 ,
(. . 15; 1:25; 5:25; 8:11; 9:12,17,21; 10:4, ..).
11:12 , .

. , :
1. (., .6:4; .4:4-6)
2. (.., , )
3. ( , ., .13:18)
4. ( ).
:
) , 1:13,20; 2:1
) , 1:16,20; 2:1
) , 1:20
) , 3:1; 4:5; 5:6
) , 4:5
) , 5:1,5
) , 5:6
) , 8:2,6; 15:1,6,7,8; 16:1; 17:1
) , 8:2,6
) , 10:3,4
) , 11:13
) , 13:1; 17:3,7,9
) , 15:1,6,8; 21:9
) , 15:7
) , 17:10
) , 21:9
5. ,
) :
(1) .20:24; 25:1,28
(2) .10:41
(3) .14:31; 15:8; 17:12,17; 19:13,16,17,24,25
) :
(1) 2:10,
(2) 12:3; 17:3,7,12,16,
(3) 13:1,
) 10 :
(1) 144,000 + 12x12x10, . 7:4; 14:1,3
(2) 1,000 = 10x10x10, . 20:2,3,6
195

6. , :
) (.., , .35:22; 49:28)
) , .24:4
) , .28:21; 39:14
) (
), .24:5; .25:30
) , .1:23; ..3:22; 4:2,3,4,8,9,20
) , .10:1
) :
(1) , 7:5-8
(2) , 12:1
(3) , , , 21:12
(4) ,
21:14
(5) ,
21:16
(6) , , 21:21
(7) , 22:2
7. :
) ( , .,
.16:35); .2:7; 8:2
) , :
(1) , .7:4,17; 8:6
(2) , .24:18; 34:28; .9:9,11,18,25
(3) :
()
()
()
(4) , .4:2; .1:13; .4:2
) ,
!
8. :
) , .1:5
) , .24:1,9
) , .9:2,24
) , .10:1,17
) (70x7), .18:22
. :
1. . , [John J. Davis, Biblical Numerology]
2. . , :
[Plowshares and Pruning Hooks: Rethinking the Language of Biblical
Prophecy and Apocalyptic by D. Brent Sandy]
11:13 ,
,
, //,
.
196

11:14 ! :
, ,
,
(. 2:2-4)?
,
(. .29:1; .6:3,33; 7:12; 8:10; 3.4:30; .1:3; .11:14;
.49:28; .25:4,10).
11:15 .

NASB, NKJV,
NRSV
(. )
TEV, NJB

LXX

Peshitta

REB

NASB (, BDB 355, KB 353, Hiphil-),

UBS (
). (, BDB 351, KB 349). NEB REB
(, KB 354 II, Hiphil-), ,
(. .14:16). (. . 11)!
11:16 . 19:23.

, , , ,
.
, .
, .
.
.
, - .
1. , 9 11
?
2. , 7 10:4
10:5 10:34.
3. ?

197

 , 12

NASB

12:1-6
(1-6)

NKJV

NRSV

TEV

NJB

12:1-2
(1-2)
12:3
(3)
12:4-6
(4-6)

12:1-2
(1-2)
12:3-4
(3-4)

12:1-3
(1-3)

12:1-2
(1-2)
12:3-6
(3-6)

12:4-6
(4-6)
12:5-6
(5-6)

( . 24)

, , , ,
.
, .
, .
.
. .
.
, ,
. , .
1. .
2. .
3. .
4. .

. ( ) () (.., 7-12).
. , . 4, (JB,
NASB) , :
1. . 1-3, . .15:1-17; .117
2. . 4-6, . .104:1; 148:13
. .15 ( ) .117.
.
198


: .12:1-6
1
:
, ;
,

.
2
, :
;
, ;
.
3

,
4
:
, ;
;
, ;
5
, ,
.
6
, ,
.
12:1 (BDB 55, KB 65, Qal-)
/ ( ).
, .15:1-17.
.
.
,
, 11:11-16. ,
(. 2:2-4; 11:10; 12:4-6).

, , , .
! , ,
, !
, !
. 1 . 4, ,
(. JB).
(BDB 392, KB 389 II, Hiphil-,
) , , . ,
, Hiphil , ,
. 12:1,4; 25:1; 38:18,19.
. 1:1.
199

 ,
(. 40:1-2; 54:8; ).
.
.5:9 5:10 7:9.
(.
.12:5-13).
(BDB 996, KB 1427, Qal-)
, , .
(.. )
(. .11:8-9).
. ( .31:31-34 .36:22-38)
,
//!
(BDB 636, KB 688, Piel-) ,
, , (. 22:4; 40:1; 51:3,12,19; 61:2; 66:13).
,
!
(. .3:6).
12:2 ,
.
(BDB 447) . 33:2.
(BDB 105, KB 120, Qal-)
/ (.., ) -.
(. 26:3,4; .77:22).
(BDB 808, KB 922, Qal-)
, , (. .28:66; .44:8,11).
, ,
, (. 1.4:17-18)!
(NASB )
:
1. , BDB 219, (. .17:16; .117:14; .26:4; 38:11)
2. , BDB 217 ()
, ,
/, . 1:1.
, 12:2a,
, .
1. , BDB 738; 49:5
.80:2 (. )
2. , BDB 274 I;
.15:2, .117:14
200

 , , (BDB 275 II):

1. , , NASB, NKJV, NJB, Peshitta (BDB 274 I, KB 274 I)
2. , , NRSV, TEV, JPSOA (KB 274 II)
3. LXX
4. REB
5. (), , .43:11,

, , , 1 , 4
.
.
12:3 :
1. , ,
( );
(. .27-29)
2. / (.
48:18; .35:10; .2:13; 17:13)
. 1-2
(. . 4-6).
12:4-6 , (. .
6) (. 5; 6):
1. , BDB 392, KB 389, Hiphil-, . . 1 (..,
)
2. , BDB 894, KB 1128, Qal- (.., )
3. , BDB 393, KB 390, Hiphil-
4. , , BDB 269, KB 269, Hiphil-
5. (NASB ), BDB 274 I, KB 273, Piel (.., )
6. , () BDB 393, KB 390, Pual-;
() BDB 393, KB 390, Hophal- (
[Analytical Key to the Old Testament, John Joseph
Owens] Hiphil-)
7. (NASB ), BDB 843, KB 1007, Qal-, cf. 54:1
8. (NASB ), BDB 943, KB 1247, Qal-, cf. 54:1
(. 2:2-4; 51:4-5).
12:4
(. .4:26; 12:8; 21:33; 26:25; .34:5-7;
.10:9-13). , , , !
, ,
. (. .43:1; 45:3,4)!
NIDOTTE, . 4, . 150, ,
:
201

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

6.
7.
8.
9.
10.

, .2:26
, .5:12
, .21:23
/, .4:2
, .51:11

, .12:4
, .4:5
, .52:5
, .34:16
, .36:21-23

! , ,
(. .5:13-16)!
12:5 , ,
(. .1:26,27), (. .3:8),
, , , !
(. .2:2-4; 25:6-9; 42:6-12; 45:22-23; 49:5-6; 51:4-5;
56:6-8; 60:1-3; 66:23; .21:28; 65:1-4; 85:8-10; .4:1-4; .1:11; .3:16; 4:42; 1.2:4;
.2:11; 2.3:9; 1.2:1; 4:14).
12:6 .
,
, . ,
, . ,
!
. 1:11,24.

202

 , 13

NASB

NKJV

13:1-5

13:1
13:2-3
(2-3)
13:4-5
(4-5)
13:6-10
(6-10)
13:11-16
(11-16)

(2-5)

13:6-16
(6-16)


13:17-22
(17-22)

NRSV


(13:1-23:18)
13:1
13:2-3
(2-3)
13:4-5
(4-5)
13:6-22
(6-22)

TEV

13:1
13:2-3

NJB

13:1
13:2-22
(2-22)

13:4-5
13:6-10
13:11-13
13:14-16

13:17-22
(17-22)

13:17-22

( . 24)

, , , ,
.
, .
, .
.
. .
.
, ,
. , .
1. .
2. .
3. .
4. .

203


. 13 ,
21:17, 23:1-8. /
. , . :
(. 46-51), (. 25-32), (. 1-2), , (. 2).
. , ,
; ,
. (. 2:1-4; 9:7;
11:9)! ; (. LXX .32:8)!
. , :
1. ( , ), 13:114:23
2. , 14:24-27
3. , 14:28-32
4. , 15:1-16:14
5. , 17:1-3
6. , 17:4-14
7. (), 18:1-7; 20:1-6
8. , 19:1-25; 20:1-6
9. , 21:1-10
10. , 21:11-12
11. , 21:13-17
12. , 22:1-25
13. , 23:1-18
, , , 14:24-27
. ,
1. ,
2. 21:1-10
3. 14:24-27,
(., )

13:1-14:27 .
689 . .., (. 14:4).
, (..
), ( -),
729 . .., 689 . ..
NASB , 14:24
, 13:114:32.
, , ,
539 . ..,
. 17. , 660 . ..,

( [The IVP Bible Background Commentary] . IVP,
204

. 601).
612 . ..
. ,
( ) ( ),
:
1. 1-3,
2. 4-10,
3. 11-16,
4. 17-18,
5. 19-22,
13 19 , .

, ( ,
, , ).

: .13:1-16
1
, , .
2
,
;
, .
3


,
.
4
,
,

, :
.
5
,
,
,
.
6
, ,
.
7
,
.
8
,
;
, ,
,
.
205

,
, ,

.
10

;
,
.
11
,
,
,
;
12
, ,
.
13
,

,
.
14
,
,
,
.
15
, ,
, .
16

;

.

13:1
NASB, NRSV,
REB

NKJV
TEV

NJB

LXX

Peshitta

(BDB 672, KB 639) , , .

( 13-23) (BDB 672 III)
, .

1. , - /
2. ,
3. , .
,
.
206

, , ,
, -.
(. 1.5:13; .14:8; 16:19; 17:5).
13:1-14:23 ( ) 21:1-10 ( ). .
, . , .
, (NASB )
. , ,
(, BDB 302, KB 301, Qal-, . 1:1; 2:1; 13:1; .1:1; .1:1;
.1:1) , , ,
(. . 17; 44:28-45:1). ,
, ,
! . , . , .
. .
www.freebiblecommentary.org
, (Lakeside Baptist church).
13:2 (. . 9). . 17 ,
(1) (2) - II,
, (. 44:28; 45:1).
,
/:
1. , , , , , . 5:26;
31:9; .51:12
2. (, , . 5:26)
3. , . 10:32; 19:16
, :
1. , BDB 669, KB 724, Qal-
2. , BDB 926, KB 1202, Hiphil-
3. , BDB 631, KB 682, Hiphil-, . 10:32; 11:15; 19:16
4. , BDB 97, KB 112, Qal-, (
NEB , , )
13:3 (NASB )
!
. ,
(, BDB 872, KB 1073, Pual-) .
, ,
44:28 45:1.
[The Jewish Study Bible] JPSOA
, , (..
) ,
(. 809).

, , (.
..5:13-15).
207

13:4 !
13:5
(. 5:26; 7:18).

NASB
(. )
NKJV, Peshitta

NRSV

TEV

NJB

LXX

NRSV . , , ..
, , .
13:6 (BDB 410, KB 413, Hiphil-) ,
.
, . (. 13:6; 14:31;
15:2,3; 16:7 []; 23:1,6,14; 52:5; 65:14) (. 4:8; 25:34; 47:2; 48:20,31,39; 49:3; 51:8).
- , .
.
, , (, , )
(. .27-29). ,
, (. .25:31-46; .20:11-15), ,
!
.
(. .6:3). . 1:1. (BDB
994) (, BDB 994) (, BDB 994).
.1:15.
13:7-8 , , , :
1. , . 6
2. , . 7, . .7:17; 21:7
3. , . 7, . 19:1; .2:10
4. , . 8
5. , . 8
6. , , . 8, . 21:3; 26:17; 66:7
7. , . 8
8. , . 8
13:9 , (. . 10).

(. .1-2).
208

13:10 .
,
,
:
1. ( ,
, ), . 10
2. , . 10
3. , . 13
4. , . 13
, , (. .32:7; .2:10,31; 3:15;
.24:29; .6:12-13). , (. 2:5; 9:2; 60:1-3,19-20).
13:11 (BDB 385) ( .., ,
, , . 14:21; 24:4; 34:1). , ( , . 24:4;
34:1), !
, :
1.
2.
3.
4.
2:9,11,17; 5:15!
(.., , )
( . .6:5,11; 8:21)!
13:12 .
, , (
) .
13:14-16 :
1. ,
2.
3. ,
4. ,
5. ,
6. (.. ), . . 18; 4.8:12; 15:16;
.13:16; .3:10
7.
8. (NASB ), . .28:30
!
, , (. .136:8-9)!
.
13:16 ()
(NASB ; BDB 993, KB 1415, Niphal-, . .28:30; .3:2; .14:2)
[ ] [c ] (BDB 1011, KB 1486, Niphal, . LXX; .15:20; .22:27; .7:5).
209

 : .13:17-22
17
, ,
.
18

:
.
19
, , ,
, ,
20
, ;
,
.
21
,
;
, .
22
,
.

13:17 ,
.
, , II (. 44:28;
45:1; .51:11).

,
!
13:18 ,
.
, /
/- (. .7:16; 13:8; 19:13; .7:4; 16:5; 20:17). ,
.
.
, , (. .6:23; 21:7; 50:42).
13:19 (. .4, ), ! ,
, 689 .
..
, . ,
,
(.. ).
.1:4.
, ,
, (. .19:24-28; .29:23).
210

13:20-22 (.
). -
. 539 . .. -
.
, ,
, : .
, :
[Plowshares and Pruning Hooks: Rethinking the Language of Biblical Prophecy and Apocalyptic by D.
Brent Sandy].
13:20
1.
2.
3.
4.

,



(,
/ , . . 21-22; 34:13-15; .18:2)
5.
, .
-
689 . ..
13:22 NASB .
1 14:
,
(NASB )

211

 , 14

NASB

NKJV

NRSV

14:1-2

14:1-2

14:1-2

14:3-4a

14:3-11

14:3-23
(3-21)

14:4-8
(4-8)
14:9-11
(9-11)

14:12-15
(12-15)
14:16-17
(16-17)
14:18-21
(18-21)

14:22-23
(22-23)

14:9-11
14:12-20a
(12-20a)

14:1-2

14:3-8
(4-8)
14:9-15
(9-15)

14:16-21
(16-21)

14:18-21
14:20-21
(20-21)
14:22-23

14:24-27

14:24-27
(24-27)

14:24-27
(24-27)

14:28-31

14:22-23

14:24-27

14:28
14:29-30

14:32
(32)

14:12-15
14:16-17

(29-31)

NJB

14:4-8

14:28

14:29-32
(29-32)

14:3-4a

(4-11)

14:28-31

TEV

14:1-2

(29-31)

14:32
(32)

14:31
14:32

14:22-23

14:24
(24)
14:25
(25)
14:26
(26)
14:27
(27)

14:28
14:29
(29)
14:30-31
(30-31)
14:32

( . 24)

, , , ,
.
212

 , .
, .
.
. .
.
, ,
. , .
1. .
2. .
3. .
4. .

. , 14:12-21 .
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,
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, . .3:5,
.
, (. .4; 11:36; .28:13
.; 2.2:4). -, ,
, (. .14:8; 16:19;
17:5; 18:2,10,21). ,
, .
(. .10:13,20).
, .
,
, :
1. 12 ,
2. , .10:18
3.

. . .

:
1. , ,
,
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213

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3. ,
.
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, (BDB 966)
:
1. (1.29:4; 2.19:22; 3.11:14,23,25; .108:6);
2. - (.22:22-23; .3:1);
3. - (1.21:1; 3.22:21; .13:2).
.3 (. .
, 2:23-24; 2- , 31:3),
(. Sot 9 Sanh. 29). .6 1.54:6.
, ,
.
(.. ), , ,
2.11:3; .12:9.

( ).
(. 3.22:20-22; .7:14;
.45:7; .3:6). ,
,
(. .43:11; 44:6,8,24; 45:5-6,14,18,21,22).
(1) .1-2,
(.. ) (2) .14 .28,
( ) ,
(. 1.3:6).
.
(. .28:12-16), ,
(. .31). .14,
12-14, , , ,
.
, .

214

 , , ,
-, .
( - [Alfred Edersheim, The
Life and Times of Jesus the Messiah], . 2, XIII [. 748-763] XVI [. 770-776]),

.
.
. ,

, .
, (), Ahkiman Ormaza,
, ,
.
, ,
, . ,
.
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(. .12:4,7,12-13). ,
(. .4:1; .22:31-32; 1.5:5; 1.1:20).
. ,
, ,
.
.
. ,
!
. .14 .28
-
. ,
. ,
.
!
, .
. 28
(. www.freebiblecommentary.org, ).
. [The Jewish Study Bible] (. 812) : ,
, II,
705 . ..
. , ( )
, ,
, .
. .
, ,
.
215

, ! . . , :
[Plowshares and Pruning
Hooks: Rethinking the Language of Biblical Prophecy and Apocalyptic by D. Brent Sandy].

: .14:1-2
1
, ,
; ,
. 2 , ,
, ,
.

14:1 NASB , [NASB

] 13:22.
(BDB 933, KB 1216, Piel-, . 49:13,15; 54:7-8)
(. .1-2),
(NASB ; BDB 103, KB 119, Qal-, . 41:8,9; 44:1; 49:7).
9:17 , (.
.1-3), 13:18 , ,
!

,
!

, , .
14:1-2
1-2: (1) 1 2 ,
, (.., ),
(2) 1 (.. ), 2
, .

:
1. (. 2:2-4; 11:10, .
1:3)
2. (.., 60:10; 61:5)
, , ! ,
, .
1-3 12 , .
(.., )
(. 49:22; 60:4-9,10-14; 66:20).
216

 , .
, (
). , . 2
. , .
14:2-3 . 2 ( ) . 3
( , ).
.
(. . 12, 15, 17).
, (. .3:15; 12:3)
, (. .1:26-27).
,
. .
13,
.

: .14:3-27
3
:
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:
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5
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6
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7
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9
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217

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19
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21

,

.
22
, , ,
, . 23 ,
, . 24 :
, ; , , 25
; ,
. 26 , , ,
, 27 , ? ,
?
14:4 (NASB ) mashal (BDB 605)
, .
. 3-21 (.., . 47
).
. ,
13 . , . ,
14:24 , .
689 . ..
.
218


NASB

NKJV

NRSV

NJB

LXX

, ,
. ( ) ( ),
, ( BDB 923),
, , , , .
UBS
().
NKJV ,
. .
14:5 (. . 22-23,24).
, ,
( )
( ). .
1:3.
(BDB 641) (BDB 986) (. . 6).
, 10:5, .
14:7 , (BDB 628, KB 679, Qal) , .
. 3 (Hiphil- ) ,
.
(.. ).
,
. (. . 8).
/ (. 44:23;
49:13; 52:9; 54:1).
(.., ).
, , (. .1-2)!
14:8 :
1.
()
2.
()
3. ()
14:9 (NASB )
. (BDB 982) ,
.
, ; ,
219

, (. . 10-11,
.3:17-19; 10:21-22; 21:23-26). . ? 5:14.

NASB
(. )
NKJV

NRSV

TEV, NJB

LXX

REB

(BDB 952 I, . 26:19) :
1. , TEV, NJB
2. , LXX
3. , REB
4. , , NASB, NKJV
,
, .

: ,
/

///
:
1. Nephilim (BDB 658) .6:4; .13:34
2. Rephaim ( BDB 952, BDB 952 II) .14:5; .2:11,20; 3:11,13; ..12:4; 13:12;
2.21:16,18,20,22; 1.20:4,6,8
3. Zamzummin (BDB 273), zuzim (BDB 265) .14:5; .2:20
4. Emim (BDB 34) .14:5; .2:10-11
5. Anakim ( , BDB 778 I) .13:34; .1:28; 2:10-11,21; 9:2; ..11:21-22;
14:12,15

NASB, NRSV

NKJV

TEV
,
NJB

(BDB 800, . .34:17).
, .
14:11 ,
(NASB ).
.
/ (.. ).
, , , !
(. 5:14). !
220


,
.
14:12 (BDB 656, KB 709, Qal-)
, . :
?
(BDB 657). 3:8; 8:15,
. ,
, , ,
.10:18.

NASB
, (. )
NKJV, Vulgate
,
NRSV
,
TEV

NJB, LXX

REB

( BDB 237, KB 245)
. .
, , :
1. , , , ,
2. , , (..,
, )
:
1. , hll
2. ,
3. , , , ,
( )
4. , (.
)
,
. ! ,
!
12, , (.
. 16-17). (. 4-21)
(. . 13-14), - [Ras Shamra Tablets],
..
(Helal) , (Shabar),
, ( , . .47:3).
, ( ). Helal, ,
, . ,
.
, 8-11.
. 12, ,
221

 . .
, . .
14:13-14 ,
:
1. , BDB 748, KB 828, Qal-
2. , BDB 926, KB 1202, Hiphil-
3. , BDB 442, KB 444, Qal-
4. , , #1
5. , BDB 197, KB 225, Hiphil-
.
!
14:13 , ( BDB 42),
.
.
/,
( ).
.
,
(. .47:3; .28:14).
, .
, .
14:14 , ( BDB 751 II),
.24:16 (.., , BDB 994).
(. .32:8), 2.22:14,
.
-,
.
14:15 (BDB 438) ,
(BDB 438) , .
(BDB 982, . ? 5:14)
(BDB 92, . .31:16), - (. .28:17).
. 19, / (. . 18).
14:16-19 ; ,
. . 9-11.
14:17 , , . II (
-) 538 . ..
14:19 (DB 666) 6:13,
, 11:1, / ,
, . ,
!
222

 , ,
(, II).
, !
(BDB 100, KB 115, Hophal-) . 25
(. ; Qal-). , (. 63:6, Qal- 63:18, Polel-).
, ,
(. .43:6; 59:14; 107:14).
(. .12:10; Polel-).
14:20 ,
. .
!
14:21 . ,
.20:5.
. ,
, .
14:22-23 . , . 23
13:21-22,
, .
14:22 (NASB ) (BDB
630 645) :
1.
2. , ,
(. 49:7). ,
.
14:23 /
/, (BDB 370, KB 367, Pilpel). . ,
( )!
14:24-27 .
, , ,
13:1-14:27 ,
. . , . .
14:24 , !
(. 46:11; 55:8-9; .23:13; .32:9; .4:28).

, (. 14:24; 45:23; 62:8; .1:8,35; 2:14; 4:31; 6:10,18,23;
.51:14; .4:2; 8:7).
223

14:25
,
185000 (. 4.18:13-19:37, . 19:35-37; 2.32).
(. 9:4; 10:27). ,
, .
14:26-27 (. 26),
(. 8:10) (. 27)! ,
,
(.. ).

: .14:28-32
28
:
29
, ,
, ,
,
.
30
,
;
,
.
31
, ! , !
, ,
,
.
32
?
, ,
.

14:28 ,
14:28-32, (..
), . 24-27,
.
( 4,
) :
1. , 735 715 ..
2. . . , 736 728 ..
3. .. , 732/732 716/715 ..
( , )
:
1. III, 745 727 ..
2. V, 727 722 ..
3. II, 722 705 ..
224

4. (. ), 705 681 .. (185000

701 .., . .36-39; 4.18-19).
II (. 3) ,
.
14:29 , (BDB 970, KB 1333, Qal-,
) , - .
!
. ,
, .
(NASB ) ,
(BDB 977 I, . 30:6; .21:6) , (BDB 733, KB 800,
Polel-), (, , ).
14:30
1. (. . 32)
2.
14:31 , ! , !
:
1. , BDB 410, KB 413, Hiphil
2. , BDB 277, KB 277, Qal
,
(-).
, (NASB ) (BDB
556, KB 555, Niphal- ) ,
(. .15:15; ..2:9,24; 1.14:16).
,
(. .47 .1:6-8).

, , ,
, ,
. ,
, , :
1.
2. .4:6; 6:1,22; 10:22; 13:20; 15:12; 46:20,24; .26:7 .
.
(. . 29), , (. . 29,), !

225


, , , ,
.
, .
, .
.
.
, - .
1. 13-14, ?
2. 13 14 - ,
?
3. 14 - ?
4. 13:21-22 14:23 ?
5.
.
6. ?

226

 , 15

NASB

15:1-9
(1-9)

NKJV

15:1-4
(1-4)

NRSV

(15:1-16:14)
15:1-9
(1-9)

TEV

NJB

15:1-9

15:1
(1)
15:2a-
(2a-)
15:2-3
(2-3)
15:4-5
(4-5)
15:5-
(5-)
15:6
(6)
15:7
(7)
15:8
(8)
15:9
(9)

15:5-9
(5-9)

( . 24)

, , , ,
.
, .
, .
.
. .
.
, ,
. , .
1. .
2. .
3. .
4. .

227


, 15-16
( ).
.
1. , . 1
2. , . 1 (-, 16:7,11)
3. , . 2,9
4. , . 2
5. , . 2
6. , . 4; 16:9
7. , . 4; 16:9
8. , . 4
9. (. ), . 5
10. -, . 5 (. , . .48:34)
11. , . 5
12. , . 5
13. , . 8
14. -, . 8
15. (DSS, ), . 9
16. , 16:1
17. -, 16:7,11
18. , 16:8,9
19. , 16:8,9
20. (REB 15:9)?
. //
1. , . 6
2. (, ; . ), . 7
3. , . 9
4. , 16:2
. /
.
(. 16:1-4).

: .15:1-9
1
.
! - ;
! - !
2
, , ;
;
, .
228

7
8
9

;

, .
;
;
;
.
;
, ;
;
;
,
, ,
.
, ,
.
,
- ;
,

.

15:1 , ,
(BDB 672 III), //
, . 13:1 (. 14:28; 17:1; 19:1; 21:1,11,13; 22:1; 23:1; 30:6).
.
,
(. .19). , (..
) 11:14
.
15-16 ,
(. .48; .25:8-11; .2:1-3; .2:8-11). ,
.
(. .34).
!
.
, (BDB 994, KB 1418) (. , BDB 198, KB
225) , . 6:5
(. )
.
/ :
1. II 715 . ..
2. II 711 . ..
3. 701 . ..
229

 (BDB 786 I) (
, .. ), (., .2:9,29).
(BDB 885 II) (.
LXX, .. , -), ,
.
15:2
,
, .
15:2-3
,
(. 22:12; .9:3; .1:20; .7:29; 16:6; 41:5; 47:5;
48:37; .7:18; 27:31; .1:16). (. . 2);
,
.

, , ,
,
; :
1. , .37:29,34; 44:13; .11:35; 2.1:11; 3:31; 3.21:27;
.1:20
2. (), .37:34; 2.3:31; 3.21:27; .48:37
3. , , 2.15:30; .20:3
4. , 2.13:19; .2:37
5. /, ..7:6; 1.4:12; .9:1
6. , .2:10; .26:16 ( , 2.12:16) .47:1
7. , , 1.25:1; 2.11:26; .2:7
8. , .14:1; .16:6; 48:37
9. , 2.1:12; 12:21; 3.21:27; 1.10:12
10. , , 2.1:17; 3:31; 2.35:25
11. ( ), .48:37
12. , .48:37
13. , 2.15:30; 19:4
15:4 ,
, ( , , 9-
..).
(BDB 277, KB 277, Qal-) 14:31
Qal- . ,
. 5 .
.48:20,31.
230


NASB
(. )
NKJV, Peshitta

NRSV, LXX,
JB

NJB

REB


, .
(BDB 438, KB 440, Qal-)
. , ,
, , .
. .
, .
15:5-9 [The Jewish Study Bible]
(. 815). , ,
,
- .
15:5 , (. . 9). (. 16:9,11).
. ,
, ! 16:1-4 ,
.
!
:
(. NJB).

NASB, NRSV,
TEV, NJB,
REB
-
NKJV, LXX,
Peshitta

(. .48:34).
(NASB ) (BDB 138,
), ( BDB 138).
15:6 (. .27-29).
,
, . (. . 9),
.
231

15:7 .
,
.
15:9 :
1. , ..
(., 3.13:24-28; 4.17:25)
2. (. 5:29; .50:17)
3. (. 11:14, [] ).
JPSOA (. 2-4) ,
(. . 5, ):
()
(, )
LXX . 9, 2-4, ,
:
,

.

232

 , 16

NASB


16:1-5
(1-5)

16:6-12
(6-12)

NKJV

16:1-2
(1-2)
16:3-5
(3-5)
16:6-7
(6-7)

NRSV

(15:1-16:14)
16:1-4
(1-4)

TEV

16:1-2
16:3-4

16:4-5
(4-5)
16:6-7
(6-7)

16:13-14

16:1-2
(1-2)
16:3-5
(3-5)

16:4-5
16:6
16:7-12

16:8-9
(8-9)
16:10-11
(10-11)
16:12
(12)
16:13-14

NJB

16:6
(6)

16:7-12
(7-12)

16:8-11
(8-11)
16:12
16:13-14

16:13-14

16:13-14

( . 24)

, , , ,
.
, .
, .
.
. .
.
, ,
. , .
1. .
2. .
3. .
4. .

233


: .16:1-5
1

;
2
, ,
.
3
" , ;
, , ,
, .
4
;
:
, ,
.
5
,
, , ,

".
16:1 , , :
1. -
, , TEV, NRSV
2. , . . 5; ,
3. ,
, . . 12
(BDB 1018, KB 1511) Qal-.
, .
(NASB ) (BDB 503 III,
, ). NASB . :
1. , MT, NRSV, REB, JB
2. , NJB, NASB, NKJV, TEV
(. 4.3:4).
:
1. LXX, !
2. Peshitta,
3. JPSOA,
(BDB 700) , , (.
.51:25), , , (BDB 701 II, . 4.14:7;
.42:11). , , ,
- . ,
.
, .
234

 , .
, (.
.7:17).
16:2 :
1. , BDB 622 I, KB 672, Qal-
(. )
2. , BDB 1018, KB 1511, Pual- (.
)
(. , ..), , . 14,
, .
( -)
. ( )
( , [, ]).
, (, )
, .
, . ,
.
16:3-4 (1) (
), , (2)
. , 1 .
1. (NASB ), BDB 97, KB 112, Hiphil-,
,
, (BDB
420),
2. , BDB 793, KB 889, Qal-
3. , BDB 1011, KB 1483, Qal- (. 25:4; 32:2; .90:1)
4. , BDB 711, KB 771, Piel-
5. , BDB 162, KB 191, Piel-,

6. , BDB 157, KB 184, Qal-,

7. , BDB 217, KB 241, Qal-
,
(.., ; 1.22:3-5).
16:3 , ,
. , ,
,
. , ,
. ,
.
16:4 , ,
(. . 5).
:
235

1. (BDB 568) (BDB 67, KB 79, Qal-)

2. (NASB ; BDB 994, Qal- )
(BDB 477 I, KB 476, Qal-)
3. (BDB 942, Qal- )
(BDB 1070, KB 1752, Qal-)
16:5
1.
2.
3.

(. 9:6-7; 11:3-5):
() (BDB 338, . )
() (BDB 54),
(NASB ; , BDB 841, . 11:4,5, .
1:4; , BDB 555, -
, , ;
, )
4. (BDB 1048, . 11:3,4)

.

(HESED)

. BDB
(338-339):
A. :
1. (., 1.20:14; 2.24:22)
2. (., .6:8)
3. (. .2:2; .6:4)
4. (. .40:6)
B. :
1.
) (., .31:3; .27:28; 9:9)
) , (., .10:12; .85:13)
) , (., .118:41,76,88,124,149,150)
) / (. .24:7; 50:5)
) (., 2.6:14; .1:5; 9:32)
2. (., .34:6; .7:20)
3. :
) / (., .9:17; Ps. 103:8)
) (., .20:6; .5:10; 7:9)
) / (., 1.16:34,41; 2.5:13; 7:3,6; 20:21; .3:11)
4. / (., 2.6:42; .88:3; .55:3; 63:7; .3:22)

: .16:6-12
6
" , ,
:
".
7
, ;
:
.
236

, ;
,
, ;
, .
9
,
, ;

.
10
,
, ;
:
.
11
,
, .
12
,
,
,
.

16:6 . 1-5 , ,
, , . 6 , (
.48:29):
1.
2.
3.
4.
5. (BDB 720, , , )
6. (NASB ; BDB 95 III, , , . .11:3; .48:30)
(BDB 144) .
, , , , !
16:7-10 :
1. - (.., [.
]), . 7,12 ( , ,
)
2. , . 8-10 (. 15:6)
, (NASB)
, .
16:10 (NASB )
1:22.

,
, , .
:
1. , BDB 62, KB 74, Niphal-
237

2.
3.
4.
5.

( , #1)
( ) , BDB 943, KB 1247, Pual-
, BDB 929, KB 1206, Pola-
, BDB 991, KB 1407, Hiphil-

16:11 , :
1. (, BDB 588, .., 63:15; .31:20)
2.
3.
. 12, 3 () . . 13
, 2, .. , , ,
15:5,9 . 5, , ----. , ,
, !

NASB, REB
-
NKJV, NRSV,
TEV, NJB

NKJV, NASB, (.
. 7; 15:1 ).
16:12 :
1. (. 1) (. 5),
(. 6).
(15:5; 16:11).
2. (15:2; 16:12),
.

: .16:13-14
13
, . 14 :
, ,
, .

16:14 ( ) ,
!
, , ,
, ,
(NASB)! ,
, ,
!

238

 , 17

NASB

17:1-3
(1-3)
17:4-11
(4-11)

NKJV

17:1-3
(1-3)
17:4-8
(4-8)
17:9
(9)
17:10-11
(10-11)

17:12-14
(12-14)

17:12-14
(12-14)

NRSV

TEV

NJB

17:1-3
(1-3)
17:4-6
(4-6)
17:7-8
17:9

17:1-3

17:1-3
(1-3)
17:4-6
(4-6)
17:7-8
17:9-11
(9-11)

17:10-11
(10-11)

17:10-11

17:4-6
17:7-8
17:9

17:12-14

17:12-14
(12-14)

17:12-14
(12-14)

( . 24)

, , , ,
.
, .
, .
.
. .
.
, ,
. , .
1. .
2. .
3. .
4. .

239

: .17:1-3
1
.
,
.
2
,
, ,
.
3


;
, ,
.

17:1 /.
7:16; 8:4; 10:9. (. .14:15;
15:2) :
- .
2 3. III
732 . ..
. , (. .
, :
[Plowshares and Pruning Hooks: Rethinking the Language of Biblical Prophecy and Apocalyptic by D.
Brent Sandy]).
17:2 :
1. , /
2. , (BDB 792,
, AB, . 1, . 399);

3. LXX ( REB)
4.
, . -
.
- , ..
(. 7:16; 8:4; 10:9).
,
/ (. 4), (. 3).
.
, , .
2 3 .
240

17:3 (BDB 991, KB

1407, Niphal-). JPSOA ,
(BDB 68) (BDB 78),
. - ,
. , . 3 , (),
.
(NASB ) :
1. , , (
, . 6)
2. ,
3, ,
, . 3 ,
(, , . . 4).
, ,
II 722 . ..
(NASB )
, , .
. 1:1.

: .17:4-11
4
: ,
.
5
, ,
,

.
6
, ,
- ,
- ,
, .
7
,
;
8
, ,
, ,
.
9
,
, ,
.
10
,
;

.
11
,
;
241

 ,
.

17:4 ,
. (. . 4, .
7, . 9, . 11). (
, -
).

NASB
(. )
NKJV

NRSV

TEV

NJB

(BDB 195, KB 223, Niphal-)

, / ,
Niphal , (. .6:6).
Qal 19:6 38:14.
, :
1. (NASB ), . 4
2. , . 4
3. ( ), . 5
4. - , . 6
17:5 , -
, (. 2.5:18,22; 23:13;
1.11:15; 14:9; ). ,
(. . 4).
, , .
17:6 , (.
24:13; .24:20). -, ,
. (.. ).
, .
-- ,
.
17:7-8 . 7 , 8 ,
(.. ). ,
:
1.
2.
3. ,
4. / (.., , ,
).
242

 , 7, 9 11?
. 12-14 (. 14)!
17:7 (NASB; .. [.]
, , . 51:13) (,
). !
17:8 , ,
(.., [NASB ], 3; 2:8,20; 30:22; 31:7).

I.

. -, ,
,
,
.
.
. ,
,
.
. , /,
.
II.
. , ,
1. ()
2. ( )
3. ()
.
.
.
/
,
.
III.
. ( ):
1.
) ()
) ()
2.
) / ()
) / ()
3.
) ()
) , , ()
243

. -:
1.
2.
3. /
,
. ,
( )
,
.
IV.
. ( )
( ).
.
, .
. ,
,
, .
V.
. . . , [W. F. Albright, Archaeology and the
Religion of Israel]
. . . , [J. H. Breasted, Development
of Religion and Thought in Ancient Egypt]
. . [James G. Frazer]:
1. , , [Adonis, Attis, Osiris]
2. [Folklore in the Old Testament]
3. [The Worship of Nature]
. . . , [C. H. Gordon, Before the Bible]
. . . , [S. N. Kramer, Mythologies of the Ancient World]
(NASB ) (BDB 329
, KB 329
) ,
(. .26:30; 2.14:5; 34:4,7; .17:8; 27:9; .6:4,6).
17:9 , .
():
1. (NASB )
2. , (NASB )
3. (NASB )
JB, NRSV REB
( JPSOA, , ).
(1) , , ,
, (2) ,
( .. ).
17:10 ,
:
1. (.., .77:11,42)
244

2. (.., .17:1-4; 77:35)

3. (NASB ; .
1:29-30; 65:3; 66:17, .. ;
/, ,
, . , . 6, . 318)
(.
12:2; 17:10; 33:2; 45:17; 61:16; 62:10; .64:6; 67:20; 84:5).
,
.
, ,
(. .7:7; .3:13,18).
17:11 (NASB , )
, , . 3 . 10:
1.
2.
3.
, :
1. (. )
2. (. )
3. (. ; . .34:6; .15:18; 17:9; 30:12,15;
.1:9)

: .17:12-14
12
! !
, .
!
, .
13
, ;
,
,
.
14
!
.
,
.

17:12-14 17.
.
1. BDB 242, KB 250, , ,
/
) , . 12
) Qal- , . 12
) Qal-, . 12
2. BDB 980, KB 1367, , , , ,
245

) (BDB 981), . 12
) (BDB 981), . 12
) Niphal-, . 12
) (BDB 981), . 13
) Niphal-, . 13
3. , . 13
) , . 13
) , . 13
, , ,
! ,
(. .28).
4. , . 14
)
)
5. , . 14
) , BDB 1042, KB 1367, Qal-
) , BDB 102, KB 117, Qal-
17:14 ,
. 12-14.
, 2.
( ),
. , !
, 10:33-34.
(. 8:22-9:2; 17:14;
29:18; 30:26; 33:2; 42:16; 49:9-10; 58:8,10; 60:1-3,19-20).
(BDB 324)
. , - /, ,
(. .13:25).

246

 , 18

NASB

18:1-7
(1-7)

NKJV

18:1-2
(1-2)
18:3
(3)
18:4-6
(4-6)
18:7

NRSV

TEV

18:1-2
(1-2)
18:3-6
(3-6)

18:1-2

18:7

18:7

NJB

18:1-6
(1-6)

18:3-6

18:7

( . 24)

, , , ,
.
, .
, .
.
. .
.
, ,
. , .
1. .
2. .
3. .
4. .

: .18:1-7
1
,
,
2
,
!
, , ,
,
247

,
.
, !
, ,
, , !
:
,
,
.
, ,
,

, .

;
,
.

,
,
,
,
, .

18:1
NASB

NKJV, Peshitta

NRSV, JPSOA

(BDB 222) (. 1:4,24; 5:8,11,18,

20,21,22; 10:1,5; 17:12; 18:1; 28:1; 29:1,15; 30:1; 31:1; 33:1; 45:9; 55:1).
.
, , 18:1;
55:1; .47:6.

NASB, NRSV
(. , )
NKJV
,
TEV
,
NJB

LXX

Peshitta

REB

JPSOA

(, BDB 852) :
1. 852 I, , ,
2. 852 II, / (. .41:7)
3. , (. .28:42)
248

4. (. 2.6:5;
1.13:8; .150:5).
5. (, BDB 852) (. 1.3:11; 4.21:12; .19:3)
, (. .3:16)
6. 853 II, (. .15:10)
7. 853 III, , (. .13:19; .31:3)
8. , , (. .4:6; 16:3; 25:4,5; 30:2,3; 32:2; 34:15; 38:8;
49:2; 51:16 ( JPSOA)

NASB, MT,
NJB, REB
(. )
NKJV, LXX,
Peshitta

NRSV ()

.
(BDB 468, . .2:13; 10:6,7,8).
. (TEV,
, . 625).
(.., 19) 25-
(.., , ).
, , , ,
. !
18:2 , ,
,
,
(. , [James Freeman, Manners and
Customs of the Bible], . 2560).
Qal-. ?
1. ?
2. ?
3. ,
4. ?
5. , ?
/
. , ,
.
-
(, , / ).
, .
:
1. , ( , BDB 479
BDB 167)
2. (. ; BDB 604, KB 645, Pual-, .
)
249

3. (. ), BDB 598, KB 634, Pual- (

, :
[1] , REB, TEV, ; [2]
, , NJB; [3] ,
)
4. (. )
5. (. ; , ,
, , )
6. - (. ; )
7. ( ; , BDB
102, KB 107, Qal-, , ;
; REB ,
, )
2-6 . 7. ,
, , .
, ,
. , ,
. 3
,
. , -
(. 7), .
, :
1. 18 ?
2. 18 17?
3. 18 19?

NASB

NKJV

NRSV

TEV

JPSOA

,
.
:
1. , , (BDB 876) ;
( ,
[IVP Bible Background Commentary] . IVP, . 608) ,
JPSOA,
2. (BDB 101) , (BDB 101),
,
18:3 ,
(. 2:2-4; 9:7; 11:10,11-12; 12:4-6; 17:7-8; 26:9). ,
, .

(. 13:11; 24:4; 34:1). , (BDB 385)
, ,
, .
250

 - .
!
, . 3, ?
1.
2. ( NRSV)
3. ( REB)
4. (
)
5. JB , ,
; ,
19, 17!
6.
7. ,
(. .2).
, , , .
,
(.., /, ).
1. (. . 5-6)
2. (. . 7)
, , ,
(.., 2:2-4; 11:10; 49:6; 51:4-8).
18:4 ,
.
, !
! ? ? ?
, ,
. .
www.freebiblecommentary.org ,
2.
2-4 .
( ) (1) , ,
, (2) (.
3.8:39,43,49). !
.
. (. .
3), , (.., 7:4; 8:8).
/ .
.
, , , ,
.
, 2-3 , 4-5
, ! ,
, !
251

18:5 ,
.
,
.
, (.
17:14).
18:6 /
.
18:7 , (, , )
, (. . 3),
(. . 7, 6). /
, , . ,
1-2, !
.3:15 (. 1:3).
, / .
(. .2:28-29)!

NASB, NKJV,
NRSV, REB,
LXX

NJB

(BDB 766 I), .
, / .
DSS, .

252

 , 19

NASB

19:1-4
(1-4)
19:5-10
(5-10)
19:11-15
(11-15)

NKJV

19:1
(1)
19:2-4
(2-4)
19:5-10
(5-10)
19:11-15
(11-15)

NRSV

19:18
19:19-22
19:23
19:24-25

19:16-17

,

19:18
19:19-22
19:23
19:24-25

NJB

19:1-4
(1-4)

19:1-4

19:1-4
(1-4)

19:5-10
(5-10)
19:11-15
(11-15)

19:5-10

19:5-15
(5-15)

19:11-15

19:16-17

TEV

19:16-17

19:18
19:19-22
19:23
19:24-25

19:16-17

19:16-23

19:18
19:19-22
19:23-25
19:24-25

( . 24)

, , , ,
.
, .
, .
.
. .
.
, ,
. , .
1. .
2. .
3. .
4. .
253


: .19:1-4
1
.
, .
,
.
2
;
,
, .
3
,
,
,
.
4
,
, , .

19:1
1.
2.
3.
. .17:11; 103:3. .7:13; .26:64 .14:62
.
,
, ,
.
( ) .
, ,
/, ,
, , ,
/
.
, .
, (. 1-15), (. 1623). .
, /
. , ,
( ).
,
. ,
. ,
(. .1:26-27), - (..
). (.
.3:15)!
254

 (. .12:12; .33:4).
, , . 3:
1. (BDB 47)
2. (BDB 31, )
3. (BDB 15, , . .18:11)
4. (BDB 396, , / , . .18:11)
. 8:19.

, (.. , . .12:38)
.
,
(., - ) (. .19:31; 20:6,27;
.18:11; 1.28:8; 4.21:6; 2.33:6; .8:19; 19:3).
, ,
. :
1.
2. /,
3. ( )
4.
. 1 :
1. , BDB 631, KB 681, Qal-, . 6:4; 7:2
(); 19:1; 24:20 (); 29:9; 37:22
2. (NASB ), BDB 587, KB 606, Niphal-, .
13:7; ..2:11; 5:1; 7:5 (.., )
19:2 , :
1. ,
?
2. ,
, ?

, ( .7:22; 1.14:20; 2.20:23).
, (. 2,3,4).
/ :
1. , . 2
2. , . 3
3. /, . 3
4. , . 3,
5. , , . 4

NASB, REB
NKJV
NRSV, TEV,
NJB, LXX,
Peshitta

(. )


255

 (BDB 696 I BDB 1127) Pilpel

(.9:11 ). , , :
1.
2. ,
3. , ( )
, , (. NIDOTTE,
. 3, . 233).
19:3 (BDB 118 I) ,
, . ,
, , , , ,
, , (BDB 118 III, . 3:12; 9:15; 28:7).
19:4 (. 20:4) (1) (. . 20), (2)
(. . 18).
.46:26; .29:19.
.
, , ,
(.. ). .
! ,
? ! .

www.freebiblecommentary.org (
- 2009, 3).
(BDB 698, KB 755, Piel-) / (. , LXX, ). Piel .
Niphal .8:2 .62:12,
, . Piel
. , .

: .19:5-10
5

;
6
,
;
.
7
, ,
, ,
, .
8
,
, ,
;
9

;
256

10

,
, , .

19:5-10 :
1. , ,
2. -
3. -
4. -
5. -
6. , (. 10 NASB
)
7. (. 10 NASB
)
, //
:
1. , BDB 677, KB 732, Niphal-, . 5; 41:17;
2. , BDB 351, KB 349, Qal-, . 5,6; 11:15; 37:25; 44:27; 50:2; 51:10
3. , BDB 386, KB 384, Qal-, . 5,7; 15:6; 27:11; 40:7,8,24; 42:15 ();
44:27
(
, , .1)
:
1. , .1:7
2. , , .1:9-10
3. , .7:4,7
4. , .8:2-3
5. , .21:19
6. , .14:16,27
7. , .15:22-25
8. , , .20:8,11
9. , 27-28
10. , ..3:14-17; 4:23-24
11. , .19:5
12. , .16:12
13. (. 47:1) (.14:8)
, .22:1
, ,
, .
, ( ,
, . . 18).
19:6 (NASB ) (BDB 276 II, KB 276,
Hiphil-) . , .
!
19:9
NASB, NJB
NKJV

257

NRSV, REB

LXX

JPSOA

, ( . .7:9),
, (. .29:22 DSS). ,
(, BDB 301).
19:10
NASB

NKJV, JPSOA

NRSV, TEV,
NJB

(BDB 1011, ) (),
. ,

(DSS, , , ) .
: , () (
)? (. LXX
).

: .19:11-15
11
! ;
.
:
" , ?"
12
? ?
;
,
.
13
;
,

.
14
;
,
, .
15
,
, .

19:11-15 . 3:
1. . 11, (, , )
(NASB; BDB 17, .4:22 )
2. . 11, (. ,
, BDB 129 II, KB 146, Niphal-, . .10:14,21; 51:17)
3. . 13, (NASB; BDB 383, KB 381, Niphal, . .5:4; 50:36)
258

4.

. 13, (, ) (BDB 674, KB

728, Niphal-; Hiphil- .3:13)
5. . 13, (BDB 1073, KB 1766, Hiphil-, . . 14; 3:12; 9:16;
.23:13,32; .4:12; .3:5)
6. . 14, ( , #5,
)
19:11 4 ,
, .
.
19:12

(BDB 616, KB 615 BDB 393, KB 390),

(.. ).

(. 11; . 3.4:30; .7:22).

(. 3),
(. 12).
19:13
(BDB 819), (. .20:2; 1.14:38).
19:14
NASB, LXX
(. )
NKJV, Peshitta

NRSV, JB

REB, NJB

(, BDB 587, KB 605, Qal-),

, (. 5:22). , .29:10,
( , BDB 650, KB 703, Qal-), DSS.
,
.
19:15 ,
(. 9:14-15):
1.
2. (NASB )
(. . 14) ! ,
(. . 11, 12a, 13), ,
(1) ; (2) /; (3) ,
(. . 3)! (. . 11-12),
, , (. . 8-10).

: .19:16-17
16
,
, . 17
; , ,
.
259

19:16-17 , (..,
), (. 17, BDB 420):
1. , . 16
2. , . 16 (BDB 353, KB 350, Qal-)
3. , . 16 (BDB 808, KB 922, Qal-)
4. , . 17 (, Qal-,
, BDB 291, )
5. , . 17 (BDB 808, KB 922, Qal-, . #3)
19:16 (NASB )
(. 16, 18, 19, 23, 24),
(. . 16, 17, 18, 20, 25, . 19, 20, 21, 22).
, -
, !
: .19:18
18

; .
19:18 .
.
(BDB 488 I). .6:5 .11:1.
(NASB; BDB 989, KB 1396, Niphal-)
(. . 19-22, 23, 24-25).
!
, ,
. 16, 18, 19, 23, 24. :
1. , , . 16-17
2. (. 18, 19-22) (. 23, 24-25)
, (. . 20)
. (. . 22). ,
, !
(. . 24).
, , .
, (.., , .
11:12) . :
?:
1. ?
2. ?
19-22, 23 24-25, #2.
, .

NASB, NKJV
NRSV, TEV,
NJB

(. )

260

 (BDB 249), , .
(BDB 248) , , , ( ) .
,
(, ):
1. , (BDB 357, . DSS, , )
2. ,
, ( ) .
,
(.. ). ,
.

: .19:19-22
19
,
. 20
, ,
, . 21 ;
, , . 22
; ; , ,
.

19:19
NASB, NKJV,
Peshitta

NRSV, NJB

REB

LXX

(BDB 1063) ..3:17; 4:3,9,
10,18, , , , . LXX
.
?
1. -
(, , ), - 525 .
..
2. ( ),
IV, , 160 . .. (.
, , 12.9.7; 13.3.3)
3.
19:19-20 , ! ,
.
19:20 , .
(. . 4)
,
. , .
261

 !
.
, (. .3:16; .1:3; 2:10; 3:4).
(NASB ) ,
, ,
. 4, , , .
(. 43:3,11; 45:15,21),
, ,
(.., .28:16; .9:30-33; 10:9-13; 1.2:6-10).
1. , BDB 446, KB 448, Hiphil-
2. , , BDB 936, KB 1224, Qal-
3. , BDB 664, KB 717, Hiphil-
19:21 ;
/ (BDB 393, KB 390),
- / -, . .
.

:
/
( )
/ (BDB 393)
( ) Qal:
1. .3:22; .1:39; .7:14-15; .4:11
2. ; .9:2,3,6; 18:21
3. .3:19; 4:35; 8:2,3,5; 11:2; 20:20; 31:13; ..23:14
4. ; , ; ; .4:39; 11:2;
29:16
5. :
) .29:5; .1:8; .22:2; 28:35,36; 33:9
) .11:28; 13:2,6,13; 28:64; 29:26; 32:17
) .4:35,39; 7:9; 29:6; .1:3; 56:10-11
) () .4:1,17,25; 24:16; 38:26
6. , .29:11,12; .5:16
7. .29:4; .1:2; 4:1; .29:24
8. :
) .34:10
) .31:21,27,29

(NASB )
(BDB 712, KB 773, Qal-):
1. , BDB 257
2. , , BDB 585
3. , , BDB 623, KB 674, Qal-
262


, (BDB 1022, KB 1532, Piel-, . , ,
) (.., ).
19:22
:
1. (, BDB 619, KB 669)
2. , . 20
3. (, BDB 950, KB 1272)
4. (BDB 996, KB 1427, )
5. (NASB ) (BDB 801 I, KB 905, Niphal-, .
.25:21; 2.33:13; .8:23.
).
, ( )
( , ) .
: .19:23
23
,
, ; .
19:23 ,
. !
, /:
1. , 11:16; 57:14
2. , , 19:23
3. , 26:7; 35:8; 43:19; 49:11; 51:10
4. , 40:3; 42:16
: .19:24-25
24
;
, 25 , : ,
, .
19:25 ,
.
45:14-17. !
(.., , ).
. 22! . 20!

263

 , 20

NASB


20:1-6

NKJV


20:1-6

NRSV

20:1-6

TEV

20:1-6

NJB

20:1-6

( . 24)

, , , ,
.
, .
, .
.
. .
.
, ,
. , .
1. .
2. .
3. .
4. .

: .20:1-6
1
, , , ,
, , 2 , , :
. :
. 3 : ,
, 4
, ,
, . 5 -
, , - , . 6
: , ,
! ?
264

20:1 , (. ;
- , , , , ),
,
.
(. 14:28-32).
:
1. II ( ;
722-705 . ..); 713 . .. , , ,
II 711 . ..
2. 705-701 . ..
, (
, . . 6 [. ]), /,
18.
, .

.
(NASB ) (BDB 1077) ,
(. 4.18:17 .36:2, 4.18, ).
20:2 (, , ) ,
/
(. 15:2-3),
, ,
:
1. ()
2.
3. , 25- , .
, , (. . 3) .

NASB, NRSV,
Peshitta

NKJV

TEV, LXX

REB

(BDB 834, KB 986, Piel-)

, . , :
, (, , ) , , (, )?:
1. , NIV, .29:12; .52:2; .40:4 NASB ,

2. , , .5:27
(BDB 974) , (.
.1:8), ,
( , BDB 12 BDB 972, . .3:4).
, ( , BDB 736 . 2,3,4, , .
.2:25). ,
265

 (. 47:1-3; 1.19:24; 2.6:14,20; .2:16;

.1:8; .19:23; 21:7).
20:3 (NASB ) (BDB 16) :
1. , .1:14
2. / , .4:15
3. / , .9:12,13,17; 17:11
4. , , .3:12
5. , (.., ), .4:8 (),9,
17,28,30; 7:3; 8:23, ..
6. - , .2:2; .73:4
7. , .16:38; 17:10
:
1. , 7:14
2. , 8:18
3. , 19:19
4. , 20:3
5. , 37:30
6. , 38:7
7. , 38:22
8. , 44:25
9. , 55:13
10. , 66:19

NASB
(. )
NKJV, Peshitta

NRSV, REB,
NJB, LXX

, , (BDB 68) ,
, (BDB 16). ,
(.., 8:18 20:3).
BDB :
1. ()
2. , ,
(. .3:8)
20:4 :
1. (, )
2. (BDB 736, , ;
)
3. (BDB 405, , , )
4. (BDB 1059, 2.10:4; ,
)
5. / (BDB 788, . )
, ,
/,
266

 /. ,
(. 28:48), .
20:5 /, (.., , ,
, ), :
1. , BDB 369, KB 365, Qal-, . 7:8; 8:9 (); 9:4; 20:5; 30:31; 31:4,9;
37:27; 51:6,7
2. , BDB 101, KB 116, Qal-, . 1:29; 19:9; 20:5; 24:23; 26:11; 29:22; 30:5;
37:27; 41:11; 44:9,11 (); 45:16,17,24; 49:23; 50:7; 54:4; 65:13; 66:5
,
- , . ,
, ,
.
20:6 (. 1) ,
. ,
, (. 30:7; 31:3). ,
(. 10:3).
, ,
(. 30:1-5; 31:1-3).

267

 , 21

NASB
,

21:1-10
(1-5)

NKJV

21:1-2
(1-2)

NRSV

21:1-10

NJB

21:1-5
(1-5)

21:2
21:3-4

21:3-5
(3-5)
(6-7)

TEV

21:1-2a

21:5
21:6-7

21:6-9
(6-9)

21:6-10
(6-10)

21:8
(8-10)

21:11-12
(11-12)

21:10
(10)

21:11-12
(11-12)

21:13-15
(13-15)

21:13-15
(13-15)

21:16-17

21:16-17

21:9
21:10

21:11-12
(11-12)

21:11

21:11

21:12

21:12

21:13-15
(13-15)

21:13-15

21:13a

21:16-17

21:13-15
(13-15)
21:16-17

21:16-17

( . 24)

, , , ,
.
, .
, .
.
. .
.
, ,
. , .
1. .
2. .
3. .
4. .
268


. ,
, ( )
.
. , , , ,
, (.., 13:1-14:27).
(.. . 1-10) .
, ,
, .
, -, 720 . ..,
II , 710 . ..
( [The IVP Bible Background Commentary] . IVP,
. 611). 703 . .. ,
.
.
1. , . 11-12
2. , . 13-17

: .21:1-10
1
.
,
, .
2
:
, ;
, , , !
.
3
;
, .
, ; , .
4
; ;
.
5
, , , .
", , !"
6
:
, ; , .
7
,
, ;
, ,
8
, :
! ,
:
269

, , .
: , ,
.
10
, !
,
, .

21:1 (1)
( + , . JB, ), (2)
( -), , ,
. , , , . TEV
. (BDB 184), NASB,
, / .
21:1-2 , ,
:
1. (. ), . 1
2. , . 1
3. , (. ; BDB 431, KB 432, Niphal-),
. 1
4. (BDB 904) , . 2
21:2 (.., , . . 9):
1. (. ); BDB
93, KB 108, Qal- , . 24:16; 33:1; .3:20;
5:11 (, NIV, , REB, , NRSV, ,
-, )
2. (. ); BDB
994, KB 1418, Qal- , . 16:4; 33:1; .6:26
21:2 :
1. (BDB 748, KB 828, Qal-) (. ; BDB 743).
,
.
2. (BDB 848, KB 1015, Qal-) (. ; BDB 552).
,
.
, ,
(.., ),
. ,
.
21:2 NASB ,
. : (BDB 991, KB 1407, Hiphil). (NASB) . ,
, ,
270

 .
(.. , . .4).
, ( )
(-) (), /
, --. ,
, ( )
(.., , , , , ).
21:3-4 , .

(. .7:15,28; 8:27; 10:16-17). :
1. (NASB )
2. , (NASB ), . 13:8; 26:17
3. , (NASB , ),
. 19:14 ( )
4. , (NASB , )
5. (NASB )
6. (NASB )
7. (NASB , ,
;
)
, .
? ,
! !
21:4 2 ( ).
:
1. (NASB ), BDB 1073, KB 1766, Qal

2. (NASB ), BDB 129, KB 147, Piel-

3. (NASB , ,
), BDB 962, KB 1321, Qal-
:
? , :
1.
2. , ;
(.
[Exposition Bible Commentary], .6, . 134)
21:5 Qal- ( ) Qal:
1.
2. (. )
3.
4.
/.
5 . ,
, (.. ).
271


( [NASB ], BDB 978):
1. , BDB 877, KB 1086, Qal-;
2. , BDB 602, KB 643, Qal-;
, (.
2.1:21)

NASB, NJB
(. )
NKJV, Peshitta

NRSV, TEV,
REB

JB

:
1. , ( BDB 860 II), ;
, , (BDB 859, )
2. , ( BDB 860 II, ), ,

,
, (.., ,
. NIDOTTE, . 3, . 832).
21:6 : :
1. , BDB 229, KB 246, Qal-
2. , BDB 763, KB 840, Hiphil- (, . , , BDB 859, KB 1044, Piel-)
3. (BDB 616, KB 665, Hiphil-,
)
21:7 :
1.
2. (NASB )
3. (NASB )
(BDB 935) ,
(NKJV, Peshitta). #2 #3,
(. NRSV, LXX).
,
( , BDB 904; .
, ). !
21:8 , , , - (.. )
. .
, DSS ,
, ,
.
, , ( BDB 71), ,
, ( BDB 906) , , :
, , .
272

21:9 , !

.
(BDB 656, KB 709, Qal-), .

.
(BDB 990, KB 1402, Piel) (. 46-47). , ,
, !
21:10 , (..,
[. ], ) , ?
1. , ,
.
2. , :
) - ,
) ?
,
!
.
, , , ,
.
(. 15:5; 16:11) , (.
19:20).
.
:
1. / /, 5:1 (. 5:1)
2. , 14:12
3. , 19:11
4. , 56:2
5. , 56:6

: .21:11-12
11
.
:
! ?
! ?
12
:
, .
,
.

21:11 (.., , ).
(BDB 189).
, (BDB 189). . LXX
273

 . , .
II 711 . ..
(BDB 973) (. .32:3; 36:30;
.24:18; .2:4,8,12,22,29; .5:4).
21:11-12 .
, 6 8, ,
(). :
1.
2.
3.
4. (. )
, : ,
?

: .21:13-15
13
.
,
!
14
!
;
,
15
,
,
.

21:13 (.., ,
), . , :
1. ()
2. ( )
, (. 11) (. 11) ,
.
. (BDB 420)
:
1.
2. , .
, .
, ,
.
( , ,
), (. . 15).
.
274

21:14 (BDB 87, KB 102, Hiphil-)

.
,
. . 3:18.

: .21:16-17
16
: , ,
, 17 : ,
.

21:16 , , , 16:14.
. , ,
, . II 715 . ..
, :
, . ,
, !
.

275

 , 22

NASB

NKJV

22:1-11
(1-11)

22:1-7
(1-4)

NRSV

22:1a
22:1-4
(1-4)

TEV

NJB

22:1a

22:1-4
(1-4)

22:1-2a
22:2-5

(5-7)

22:12-14
(12-14)

22:8-11
(8-11)
22:12-14
(12)
(13)

22:5-8a
(5-8a)

22:5-11
(5-11)
22:6-8a
22:8-11

22:8-11
22:12-14
(12-14)

22:12-13

22:12-14
(12-14)

22:14
(14)
22:15-19

22:15-19

22:20-25

22:20-23

22:15-25
(15-23)

22:15-19
(15-19)
22:20-25
(20-23)

22:24-25

22:15-23
(15-23)
22:24-25

( . 24)

, , , ,
.
, .
, .
.
. .
.
, ,
. , .
1. .
2. .
3. .
4. .
276


: .22:1-11
1
.
, ?
2
,
, !

;
3
,
;
,
.
4
: ,
;
.
5

, .
,
.
6
;
,
.
7
, ,
,
8
;
.
9
,
,
;
10
,
, ;
11

.
, , ,
, .

22:1 ,
, / .
, ,
, , , , ,
goim (.., ).
, ,
. ,
, .
, , ,
277

 . ,
, ,
, , (..,
, ).
, (.., )
,
.
. 5,
, (. .3:14).
, JB (. .7:31-34).
LXX .
22:1-2 :
1.
2.
3.
4.
JB ( ) ,
, 705 713 . .. ( [The
Jewish Study Bible]).
22:2-3 -, (.., )
:
1. ,
2. ,
3. , ,
,
, 586 . ..,
(. 4.25:4-6), ,
, :
1. III ( 7-12)
2. V (. 4 17)
3. II ( 722 . .., . 28:1-6)
4. (705 701 . .., 36-39; 4 18-19)
, (715-687 .
..). , ,
, . , ,
; , ,
, .
22:4 , 21:3-4:
1. (NASB ), BDB 1043, KB 1609, Qal-
2. , BDB 600, KB 638, Piel-,

3. (NASB ) , BDB 21, KB 23, Hiphil-, (, BDB 636, KB 688, Piel- )

, .
278

 -
(. 1:8; 10:30, 32; 16:1; 23:10-12; 37:22; 47:1,5; 52:5; 62:11).
( ).
22:5 , .
. 1-2:
1. , BDB 223, . .28:20
2. , BDB 101, , . 18:2,7
3. , BDB 100, , . .7:4
4. , , BDB 903 II, KB 1148, Pilpel- ( ;
,
, , KB 1128 I, )
5. ( )
(BDB 249)
, (.., ).
22:6-7 . (. )
(, , . 21:2; 4.16:9) .
,
.
22:6
NASB

(. 6, NASB , ; .
)
NKJV

REB

(, BDB 9, . 31:8,),
, . ,
, .
22:8 (NASB )
, (BDB 697). (. . 11,),
(.., , . 4:5; .104:39).
.
, !
, 27-29 ,
.
,
( [The Jewish Study Bible], , . 825).

, , ,
(.., 19:16,18,19,21,23,24).

279


NASB
(. )
NKJV, NRSV

NJB

(BDB 613, KB 661, Hiphil-) ,
, .
(.
3.7:2; 10:17).
22:9 , .
(. 4.20:20) (. . 11;
7:3; .3:16). ,

701 . .., ,
(. 11).
22:10-11 , , (
). , ,
.
(. [Bible Background
Commentary] . IVP, . 614).
: ,
, ( ),
.
.
, (. . 11).
:
1. ,
2. ,
22:11 , , (NASB )
. , .
8 ( Hiphil-, . ).
,
!
(NASB ) (BDB 906, KB
1157) Qal-. ,
.
, .
, ,
(.., , . , BDB 427, KB 428, Qal, . 37:26; 46:11; .18:11) :
1.
2. ,
3. ,
280

 : .22:12-14
12
, , ,
.
13
, !
, ;
, :
" , !"
14
:
,
, , .
22:12-14 , (.
).
12 (.
15:2-3),
:
1. , BDB 113 ( )
2. , BDB 704 ( )
3. , BDB 901 ( ; , .
.9:3; .1:20; .7:29; 16:6; 41:5; 48:37; .1:16)
4. , BDB 291, KB 291, Qal-
13 , .
, , :
1. , BDB 965
2. , BDB 970
3. , Qal-
(BDB 246, BDB 133)
4. , BDB 37, Qal-

5. , BDB 1059 I, Qal-

22:13 , .
, 5 .
(BDB 427, KB 428, Qal, . . 11) (. 5:11-12).
,
! ,
!!!
22:14 . .
, .
( ),
!

? , ,
. 11,.
281

 : .22:15-25
15
, :
, ,
, [ ]:
16
,
,
?
,
.
17
, , ,
;
18
,
, , ;
,

.
19
,
.
20
,
, ,
21
,
,
;
.
22
;
, ;
, .
23
;
.
24
, ,
. 25 , , ,
, , , ,
: .
22:15-19 , .
(. . 20-25) , , ,
, - .
, 4.18:18, ,
.
22:16 , .
22:17-19 . /
. , , , :
1. (NASB ), . 17, BDB 376, KB 373, Pipel-;
(BDB 376),
2. (NASB ), . 17, Qal- Qal- BDB 742 II, KB 814 II
282

3. , , (NASB , ,
), . 18, Qal- Qal-,
, (BDB 857, KB 1039)
4. , . 18,
5. (NASB ), . 19, BDB 213, KB 239, Qal-
6. (NASB ), . 19, BDB 248, KB 256, Qal-
#2 . NIDOTTE, . 3, . 380-381,
, ,
(. .43:12).
22:20-25 , , (.
4.18:18,26,37; 19:2; .22:20; 36:3,11,22; 37:2):
1. , . , . 20, BDB 894, KB 1128, Qal-
2. , . 21, BDB 527, KB 519, Hiphil-
3. , . 21, #2
4. , . 21, BDB 304, KB 302, Piel-
5. , . 22, BDB 678, KB 733, Qal

6. , , . 23, BDB 1075, KB 1787, Qal-

22:21-23 , :
1. , . 21
2. , ; , , . 22
3. (. ) , . 23 (. . 24)

.
(. .3-4).
22:23 . , . II..1..(2)

:
I.

, , ,
()

, ,
, . ,
, , .
,
1. ,
2.
,
! ,
(.., ).
1. ()
2.
, (
, ).
, , ,
283


! ,
, ,
.
II. ,
. ( BDB 52)
1.
) Qal , ; , (., 4.10:1,5;
.2:7, )
) Niphal , ; ,
; , ;
(1) , .8:2; 53:1; .40;14
(2) , , , .22:23
(3) , .7:9,12; .49:7; .42:5
) Hiphil , , ; ;
,
(1) , .15:6
(2) , .4:31; 14:31 (
.1:32)
(3) , , .19:9; .105:12,24
(4) , .7:9
(5) , /, .28:16
(6) , .43:10-12
2. ( ) , (., .32:20;
.25:1; 26:2)
3. , , , , (. .27:15-26;
3.1:36; 1.16:36; .65:16; .11:5; 28:6);

. ( BDB 54) ( ) , ;
, ; ,
1. , .10:20; 42:3; 48:1
2. , .34:6; .116:2; .38:18,19; 61:8
3. , .32:4; 3.22:16; .32:4; 97:3; 99:5; 118:30; .9:5; .8:16
. ( BDB 53) , ; , ; ,
,
1. , .17:12
2. , .33:6
3. , .5:3; 7:28; 9:2
4. , .39:12; 87:12; 88:3,4,6,9; 118:138
III.
.
(. . 9; 22; 26).
.
, :
1. .15:6 ,
( 12), ( 12-22).
4 3 .
284

2. .28:16 , (.. ,
),
) .9:33,
) .10:11, - , . )
3. .2:4 , ,
(. .7:28). .1:17 .3:11 (
.10:38).
IV.
. :
1. .8:14 1.2:8 ( )
2. .28:16 1.2:6 ( )
3. .117:22 1.2:7 (, )
. , ,
, , ,
1. .10:15; .43:21
2. .61:6; 66:21
3. .19:6; .7:6

V.
.
pisteu,
, , . ,
, .
.2:23-25
. ,
,
.8:31-59 .8:13,18-24. ,
.
(. .13:20-22,31-32).
. :
1. eis (), , .
, /
, :
) (.1:12; 2:23; 3:18; 1.5:13)
) (.2:11; 3:15,18; 4:39; 6:40; 7:5,31,39,48; 8:30; 9:36; 10:42; 11:45,48;
12:37,42; .18:6; .10:43; .1:29; 1.1:8)
) (.6:35; 7:38; 11:25,26; 12:44,46; 14:1,12; 16:9; 17:20)
) , (.6:28-29)
) (.3:36; 9:35; 1.5:10)
) (.12:11; .19:4; .2:16)
) (.12:36)
) (.14:1)
2. en , .3:15 (., .
); .1:15; .5:14
3. epi , .27:42; .9:42; 11:17; 16:31; 22:19; .4:5,24; 9:33;
10:11; 1.1:16; 1.2:6
4. , .3:6; .18:8; 27:25; 1.3:23;
5:10
285

5. hoti, , , ,
:
) ( ) (.6:69)
) (.6:41; 8:58; 11:25)
) (.10:38)
) (.11:27; 20:31)
) (.11:27; 20:31)
) (.11:42; 17:8,21)
) (.14:10-11)
) (.16:27,30)
) , (.6:41;
8:58; 11:25; 14:26 .; .1:17; 2:23; 21:6 .)
) (.6:8)
) (1.4:14)
VI.
/.
(.., .6:44,65),
:
1.
2.
:
1. ( )
2. ( )
3. , ( )
.
.
, (. .1:26-27) . ,
, .
, !
,
(.., , . .19:2; .5:48; 1.1:15-16). (. .3)
.
(. .36:27-38),
, , ,
!
.
. ( ,
) .
-, !
( ), ( )
: ; .
,

, ,
. , , ;
(. .2:8-9 10)!
,
.
286

22:25 (.., ), ,
:
1. (BDB 559 I, KB 561, Qal-)
2. (BDB 154, KB 180, Niphal-)
3. (BDB 656, KB 709, Qal-)
4. (BDB 503, KB 500, Niphal-)
, (BDB 180, KB 210, Piel-)
(BDB 450) :
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
, 1 2,
(. . 11).

287

 , 23

NKJV

NASB

23:1-7
(1-7)

23:1-7
(1)
(2-3)

NRSV

23:1-12
(1-7)

TEV

NJB

23:1-3

23:1-14
(1-4)

23:4
(4-5)
23:5
(5-6)
23:6-9
(6-7)
(7-14)
23:8-11
(8-11)

23:8-14
(8-9)

(8-12)
23:10-13

(10-12)
23:12
(12)
23:13-18

23:13-18
(13)
23:14

(14)
(16)

(14)
23:15-18

(14)

(16)

(16)

23:15
23:16
(16)
23:17-18

23:15
23:16
(16)
23:17-18

( . 24)

, , , ,
.
, .
, .
.
. .
.
, ,
. , .
1. .
2. .
3. .
4. .
288


. .26-28 .1:9-10.
( ) ,
.
. , ,
, () -
:
1. (.., ), . 1,6,14
2. /, . 2,6
3. (.. ), . 2
4. , . 3,5
5. , . 11
6. , . 12
. ,
, /:
1. , . 1, BDB 410, KB 413, Hiphil-, . 13:6; 14:31; 15:2,3; 16:7
(); 65:14
2. (. ), . 2, BDB 198, KB 226, Qal-
3. , . 4, BDB 101, KB 116, Qal-, . 1:29; 19:9; 20:5; 24:23; 26:11;
29:22; 30:5; 37:27; 41:11; 42:17; 44:9,11; 45:16,17,24; 49:23; 50:7; 54:4; 65:13; 66:5;
.3:7; 7:16
4. , . 6, BDB 716, KB 778, Qal-, . 23:2
5. , . 6, #1
6. (. ), . 10, #4
7. , . 12, BDB 877, KB 1086, Qal-
8. (NASB ), . 12, #4,6
9. , . 14, #1,5
10. (NASB ), . 16, BDB 542, KB 534, Qal-
11. , . 16, BDB 685, KB 738, Qal-
12. (. ), . 16, BDB 405, KB 408, Hiphil-, . 1.16:17; .32:3; .33:32
13. , . 16, BDB 915, KB 1176, Hiphil-
.
,
.
, /
, .
,
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
, ,
/ .
289

: .23:1-7
1
.
, ,
; , .
.
2
, ,
,
.
3

, ,
.
4
, ;
, :
" ,
, ".
5
,
, .
6
,
, !
7
,
?
.

23:1 , (, BDB 410, KB 413, Hiphil-)

, , .
(. 13:6; 14:31; 15:2,3; 16:7 []; 23:1,6,14; 52:5; 65:14 [ ]
15:8 []). . 15:2-3.
, . 14.
, ,
.
-;
. ( ,
), .
(BDB 1077) :
1. ,
(.., , . 7)
2. (. .10:4)
3. ( )
4. ,
5.
6. (. 3.10:22)
290

 , (NASB , )
:
1. (. ..19:29;
2.24:7)
2. , (
) (. .27:32)
, 332 . ..
. ,
, - (.
.26:3-5).
-
, .
, .
(NJB, ), .
. 14, NRSV
.
(NASB ) (BDB 508) . ,
,
(. . 7).
, (. .10:4;
.27:7).
23:2 Qal-
. 1 (BDB 198 I). , ,
(BDB 199 II), , , , ,
(, TEV; , REB).
(. .10:19) ,
.
(. ..13:4,6). , -,
, (. .10:15).
, , (. .11:21,22;
15:21; .12:20).

NASB, NRSV,
NJB
(. )
NKJV
, ,
TEV


JB
NASB , ,
(DSS). (BDB 569, KB 583, Piel-),
. , ,
:
1. , ( , BDB 569, NKJV)
2. , ( , BDB 521, NASB)
291

23:3
NASB, JB

NKJV, NRSV,
REB

NJB

Peshitta

, . (BDB 1009) /
(KB 1477). :
1. (BDB 1009)
2. (BDB 1007 I)
3.
-
1. ..13:13; 1.13:5,
2. .2:18,
3. .23:3,
.
. .27:3-23.
23:4 (BDB 101, KB 116, Qal-)
(. .50:2).
(. 1:29; 19:9; 37:27; 41:11).
, (. 49:23);
(. 29:23; 45:17; 54:4).
. NRSV : ,
(.., , ).
23:7
1.
2.
3.

(. . 5):
(.., , . 22:2; 24:8; 32:13)
(.., )
- ( )

: .23:8-11
8
, ,
, ?
9
, ,
.
10
, ,
: .
11
,
;

23:8-12 (. , BDB
419, KB 421, Qal-, . . 8,9; 14:24, 26, 27; 19:12,17).
/// ! (. 8),
(. 9)!
292

23:8
NASB, NRSV

NKJV, Peshitta

TEV

NJB

REB

(BDB 742, KB 815, Hiphil-) , ;
.
1. , / (NASB, NRSV, NJB, REB)
2. , / (TEV, NKJV, Peshitta)
23:10 ,
.
:
, . REB :
, , , . ,
, .
23:11 . 14:26.
(BDB 919, KB 1182, Hiphil-)
, :
1. , 5:25
2. , 13:13
3. (), 14:9
4. , 23:11
5. , 28:21
6. , , 32:10,11
7. , 64:2
, , 37:29.
,
,
.

: .23:12
12
: , , !
, , .

23:12 (NIV) , , ,
.
, , (NASB )
, , , 701 . ..
, (JB, , . 1177).
, . .
293

 : .23:13-18
13
. ;
. , ,
.
14
, !
.
15
, , .
, :
16
" , ,
!
, ,
".
17
, , ;
.
18
;
, ,
.

23:13 , (
) (. 13-14). :
1. ,
,
II (722-705 . ..), ,
; II .

) -, 721-710 703-702 . .. (
712 . .., . 4.20:12-21; .39)
) --, (681-669 . ..) -
(669-633 . ..),
2. 626 . ..
(626-605 . ..), II (605-562 .
..). (; )
614 . .. ( ) 612 . .. (. 3
).
/ ? /?
, , II 710 . 689
. .. .
, !!!
(BDB 850 II)
, . ,
(. NIDOTTE, . 3, . 79, NEB, REB).
23:15 . 17. -,
( 7 10, .
11:12). :
294

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.

, .4:24
, .11:26
, .1:5
, .24:1,9; .11:16,24,25
( .8:11)
, , .9:56
, .89:10 (
, .42:16)
70 000 , 2.24:15; 1.21:14
, 4.10:1,6,7
/
) , .25:11; .9:2; .7:5
) , .23:15
, .10:1,17
7 70, .18:22

. ,
, , ,
.
23:17-18 (
18:7 45:14, ).
, (..
).

295

 , 24

NASB

24:1-6

NKJV

24:1-13
(1-3)

NRSV

(24-27)

24:1-23
(1-3)

TEV

24:1-3
24:4-13

(4-6)
24:7-23
(7-23)

(7-13)
24:14-20
(14-16)
(17-18)
(19-20)
24:21-23
(21-23)

(4-13)

(14-16)

NJB

24:1-6
(1-6)

24:7-16a
(7-16a)

24:14-16a

24:16-20

24:16-23
(16-23)

(17-20)
24:21-23
(21-23)

( . 24)

, , , ,
.
, .
, .
.
. .
.
, ,
. , .
1. .
2. .
3. .
4. .

296


. 24-27 , (..,
). (
)
,
27-28 . 24
, , 25
, (. .2:224).
. 13-23 ,
. 24-27
. , ,
34 35.
. . .

:
( .)
, .
,
. :
1. ( );
2. , ();
3. (
);
4. , , , /;
5. -, ;
6. ( );
7.
.
8. :
) :
(1) , 24-27; 56-66
(2) , 37-48
(3) , 7-12
(4) , 2:28-3:21
(5) , 1-6, 12-14
) :
(1) , 24; , 13; , 21 1, 15 ( )
(2) 2 , 2 ( )
(3) ( 4-22)
) ( D. S. Russell, The Method and Message of Jewish
Apocalyptic,pp. 37-38):
(1) 1 , 2 ( )
(2)
297

(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
(11)
(12)

III, IV, V




( )


2 (4 )
2,3

: .24:1-6
1
, ;
. 2 , ; ,
; , ; ,
; , ; , .
3
, . 4,
; , ; . 5
, , ,
. 6 , ;
, .
24:1 1 3
(
, [BDB 385, . 14:16-17;
34:1; .10:12; 51:15], . ):
1. , . 1, BDB 132, KB 150, Qal- , . . 3; .2:2
2. , . 1, BDB 118, KB 135, Qal- , .
.2:10
3. (. , , . NRSV), . 1, BDB 730, KB 796, Piel

4. (NASB ), . 1, BDB 806, KB 918, Hiphil-

5. , . 3, BDB 132, KB 150, Niphal-

6. , . 3, BDB 102, KB 117, Niphal-
.
,
(. . 5-6).
, , (. . 6)!
1 3 ( ) (.
.6-9; .2:10,19,21).
,
!
298

, , ()

.
(.., )
. (BDB 75, KB 90)
:
1. ( ,
; )
) .1-2; 6-9; 10:32; 11:1,4,8,9; 14:19; 18:18,25; 22:18, ..
) .9:29; 19:5
) .8:2,10; 23:1; 46:3,8; .25:26,29,30
) .8:31
) .2:19,21; 6:3; 11:4,9,12; 12:5
2.
) .1:2
) .20:4
) .5:8; 30:19
) .37:16
3. ,
) .6:11; 11:1
) 3.2:2; 10:24
) .37:12
) .32:8; 65:4
4.
) .10:10,11; 11:28,31
) . ( , )
5. , . ..7:21
6. (KB 91)
) .15:12
) .21:30; 70:20; .17:13; .2:6
7.
) .9:1-7; 65:17; 66:22
) . , .8:19-22; .6:15; 2.3:13; .21:1,5
: , , !
, .
,
(. , , BDB 730, KB 796, Piel-),
,
.
(NASB )
, 10 .
.
24:2 , .
(. . 4).
299

24:3 ,
, (BDB 180, KB 210, Piel-, . 24:3;
25:8; 40:8; 55:10-11) . :
, .
24:4 , :
1. (NASB ) (1) BDB 5 I, KB 6, Qal-, . .23:10;
, . . 7; (2) BDB 5 II ,
. 4 7 (. NRSV, REB)
2. (NASB ) BDB 615, KB 663, Qal- ()
3. BDB 51, KB 63, Pulal-, . 16:8; 33:9
4. , . 5 BDB 337, KB 335, Qal-
. 4 5 ,
! .
.
,
, .
, .
(NASB ) (BDB 385)
(BDB 75, . .37:12; .95:13; 97:9; .10:12; .4:12, .
, , . 1). ,
(. NIDOTTE, . 4, . 273, . 13:11; 24:4; 34:1).
RSV (
), (.., ),
(.. ) .
24:5 (NASB
) - , (. 24:20; .3:17-19; .35:33;
.3:1-2,9; .8:18-25):
1. , BDB 716, KB 778, Qal-
2. , BDB 322, KB 321, Qal-
3. , BDB 830, KB 974, Hiphil-
, , (1) ( ),
.18:1-7 .1:19,20; 2:14-15; (2) (. .6:5-7,11-12, ,
, .9:4-6). , ,
.9:16.
(. 26:21). !
. , , !
24:6 .3:17-19.
, , .1:18-3:20;
(.. , . . 5) !

NASB, NKJV,
JB
NRSV

300

REB

Peshitta

LXX

DSS
( BDB 301 I, . .29:22)
(BDB 359 I, KB 357 351 I, Qal-).
, , (KB 351 II),
.
,
.
,
. ()
.
, , ,
, .
.7:14. . ( )
1:9.
: .24:7-23
7
;
;
.
8
;
;
;
9
;
.
10
,
, .
11
;
;
.
12
,
.
13
, , ,
,
, .
14
,
, .
15
,

, .
16
: " !"
: , ! !
,
.
17

, !
301

18

19

20

21

22

23

;
, ;
, .
,
,
;
, ,
, ,
;
, .
:

.
,
, ,
,
.
, ,
,
.

24:7-14 ,
, , , ,
.
24:9 . 1:22.
24:10 (NASB )
. -
, , ,
, , ( .11).
(1) 1- (2)
18 .
.25:2,3,12. .26:16 (. .11:10,16).
(BDB 1062) , , ,
, ,
.1:2 (). (. 24:10; 29:21; 34:11;
40:17,23; 41:29; 44:9; 45:18,19; 49:4; 59:4), (..,
.4:23). , (.6-9),
!
. 26, . .
24:12 (BDB 510, KB 507, Hophal-) ,
,
. ?
302

24:13 , ,
: (1) (. . 1 .11:10), (2)
, (. 11:11).
, , , . 14,16
25:6,7, (.., 1), .
, .19:18-25,
.
,
, ,
. ,
(. . 6; .7:1). 14-16 ,
. ,
,
.
24:14-15 (NASB ) (NASB; BDB 410)
. (BDB 22)
. ,
(. 19:23-25).
24:15 [The Jewish Study Bible] ,
( , , . 15,16a; 25:3)
, (. 14) , , ,
(. . 16-23).
, -,
(. 12:5; 26:10). (
), (. . 6; . ( ) 1:9),
(. .2:4).
(NASB )
, (.
41:5; 42:4,10).
24:16
(. 2:2-4).
NASB NRSV . Peshitta,
KJV ASV ,
, . REB
, , .
24:16 ,
. . 14-16, . 16,
, , (
[NASB ; , . ]
, , BDB 17). .
/ ,
. 14-16a.
.
303

 (. 353) , ,
( [Blenkinsop]) , ,
,
.
24:16, . (BDB 93, KB 108) ,
, , , , . :
1. (NASB ), BDB 93, KB 108, Qal-
2. (NASB ), BDB 93, KB 108, Qal-
3. , BDB 93 I (. .12:1)
4. #1
5. #2
24:17 .
(BDB 808, 809, 809) (. .48:43,44).
24:18
NASB

NKJV, Peshitta

NRSV

NJB

LXX

REB

(BDB 876 BDB 808).
(1) (. .29:6; .4:19,21; .1:24), (2) (. 30:30-31),
(3) (. .3:13,25; 7:23; 11:4,7; 26:13; 38:20).
,
, (. 8:15; 28:13).
, ,
(. 2:10,19-22).
24:18
(. 7:11; 8:2).
(.., , . 4.7:2,19; .3:10), / (..,
, . .7:11; 8:2; .24:18, ).
24:19 ,
:
1. (NASB ), BDB 949, KB 1270, Qal- Hithpoel-
2. , BDB 830, KB 975, Qal- Hithpoel-
3. , BDB 556, KB 555, Qal- Hithpoel-
(.., ,
) . 20, BDB 631, KB 681, Qal Qal-.
, ,
, ,
:
304

1.
2.
3.
4.

, .6-9
, .24:3
, .4:23-28
, 2.3:10-11

24:20 (.., , BDB 631, KB 681,

, )
(. Isa. 19:14; 28:7,8; 29:9).
, (NASB , )
(BDB 434),
, (.
1:8). 19-20 , (.
.8:18-22).
,
, .
, !
. .
:
[Plowshares and Pruning Hooks: Rethinking the Language of Biblical Prophecy and Apocalyptic by D.
Brent Sandy].
24:21 . 2:11.
25:9; 26:1,2,12.
(NASB )
(. 40:26; 45:12). ,
-
(. .32:8 LXX .10). ,
, , ,
(. . .
[The Language and Imagery of the Bible by G. B. Caird], . 179).
24:22 (. 10:12; 13:11), - (. LXX .32:8 .10:10-13) /
( ). 1.2:4; .6;
.20:1-3. , ( )
( ). . ? 5:14.
,
.20:1-6. -,
,
20 . .
www.freebiblecommentary.org.
(BDB 64) ,
DSS, LXX .
305

24:23 , (NASB ,) ,
. (.
.30:26; 60:19, 20; .21:23; 22:5).

, , ,
(. .2:2-4; 24:23; 25:6-7; 27:6,13).
/ .2:35,44-45!
(. .3:16,18; 4:29; 12:21, ..)
(BDB 278) / .
.
.
(. 3:2-3; 9:14-16), , , (,
, .., ).
[Robert Girdlestone, Synonyms of the Old Testament], . 245, ,
.

1. , , (.
.24:23).
(. 4:4,10; 5:5,6,8,11,14; 7:11,13; 11:16; 14:3; 19:4).
2. , (zaqen)
(. .3:16; .11:16). , ,
, , (.
.21:23; 26:57). ,
, .
3. .
- (, , , . .1:5,7; .20:17,28).

(. 1.5:1; 2.1; 3.1).
4. ,
(. 1.5:1; .2:2).

306


, , , ,
.
, .
, .
.
.
, - .
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

24-27 ?
?
1:26 24:10?
. 14-16, . 16?
(. )?

307

 , 25

NASB

25:1-5
(1-5)

25:6-12
(6-12)

NKJV

25:1-5
(1-5)

25:6-8
(6-8)
25:9-12
(9)

(10-12)

NRSV

25:1-5
(1-5)

25:6-10a
(6-10a)

TEV

NJB

25:1-5
(1-5)

25:1-5
(1-5)

25:6-8

25:6-12
(6-8)

25:9
(9-12)


25:10-12
(10-12)

25:10-12

( . 24)

, , , ,
.
, .
, .
.
. .
.
, ,
. , .
1. .
2. .
3. .
4. .

308


. , ,
!
1. , . 1
2. , . 4
. :
1. (.., .5:28-29)
2. :
) 1.15 , . 54
) 2.3:15-16 .4:18
3. :
) , .7:17; 21:4
) (.. , .14:8; 16:19; 18:2)
) , .19:9
4. .2:23;
3:18; 4:28; .22:22 (. .2:2-4; 9:6-7; 11:1-10)
.
:
1. .26:19
2. .14:14; 19:25-27
3. .37:12-14
4. .12:2

: .25:1-5
1
! ;
, ,
;
, .
2
,
;
;
.
3
;
,
4
,
,
, ;

.
5
, ;
, .
309

25:1 ! (. 61:10).
( , )
, , !
, :
1. , . 1, BDB 926, KB 1202, Polel-,

2. , . 1, BDB 392, KB 389, Hiphil-,

, :
1. , . 1
2. (NASB ), . 1
3. , (NASB ,
), . 1
4. , . 2
5. , . 3
6. (NASB ), . 4
7. , . 5
, , .144.
, 24.

NASB
NKJV, NRSV
TEV
NJB

: // ()
(BDB 810) ,
, ,
(. .18:14; .32:17,27; .8:6).
:
1. , .3:20; 34:10; .7:15
2. , .28:59
3. , ..3:5
4. , .6:13; 1.16:9,12,24; .9:17
5. , .13:19
6. , 2.1:26
7. , 5:9; 9:10; 10:16; 37:5,14; 42:3
8.
9. , .28:29
10. , .29:14 (); .2:26
:
1. , .15:11; .76:12,15; 77:12
2. , .87:11,13
3. , .88:6
4. , .118:129
5. , .9:6
310

6. , .25:1; 29:14
7. , .12:6

, ().
, . ,
, . ,
!

, (NASB ,
) .
(., .14:24,26-27; 23:8,9; 46:10-11). ,
. ( ).
, (NASB) ,
:
1. ( ) , , , , ,
, , ;
(. .87:13; 88:2,3,6,9; .2:20)
2. ( ) , , , ;
(. 26:2; .32:20)
( , ) , ,
(.., .3:15; 12:3; .19:5-6; .2:2-4; 19:23-25, .
1:3).
25:2 ,
(. 24:10). ,
. . 24:10
26, . .
(BDB 164), , ,
(. 37:26; 4.19:25; .9:11; 51:37).
- ,
, !
(NASB ) JPSOA
( ), JB,
: [The Bible: An American Translation by Smith
and Goodspeed],
[A Translation of the Old Testament Scriptures From the Original Hebrew by Spurrell].
LXX ( ) .
:
1. MT, , BDB 266 I, KB 267, Qal- ,
2. , BDB 267, ,

, ( ) ().

311

25:3 (NASB ) ,
( ):
1. 18:2,7 ()
2. 19:19-25 ( )
3. 24:14-15 ( [ ])
(NASB; BDB 766 738)
(BDB 156 792, . 4 5; . ).
(.., , BDB 810, . 1; .
), , .

, , , , (..,
24:10; 25:2,3,12; 26:1-6) . ,
(.., 2:2-4; 19:23-25; 24:1416a; 43:21) ( !).
25:4
(.., 4:5-6; 32:2). (. 29:19).
, , , :
1. (NASB )
2. (NASB )
3. (NASB ) , . 4:6; 32:2
4.
, (BDB 792, .
29:5,20). , (.., .20;
.5).
, ,
, , . . ,
, (. .49:15; 90:15; 106:6,13)
/ , , .
, , (
), ! . /
1:3.

NASB
(. )
NKJV, Peshitta

NRSV

TEV, NJB

REB

(BDB 281, . 4:6; 28:2; 30:30; 32:2) (, BDB 885, .
22:5; 38:2; 59:10). , (, NRSV, TEV, NJB,
REB, NIDOTTE, . 3, . 994,995; , BDB 903).
UBS (
).
25:5 (NASB ) JPSOA
(. . 4).
312

 : .25:6-12
6

, ,
;
7
, ,
, .
8
,
,
;
.
9
:
, ! , !
; ;
!
10
,
,
.
11
,
;
.
12
,
, , .

25:6
, (. 2:2-4; .24:11; .8:11; .14:15;
22:16; .19:9). (. 27:13; 66:20).
(. .55)!
(.. ) (..
) (. 24:23).
1. ,
2. , (. .21:1-2).
:
1. , BDB 1038 II; ,

2. , BDB 279, KB 279, Pual-, .. ,
;

. 1:22.
25:7 , ,
, .
, , (. [BDB 532, KB
523, Qal- ] [BDB 815], [BDB 532, KB
523, Qal- ]; , , [BDB
697], [BDB 651 II, KB 703, Qal- ],
313

 [BDB 651 II, NASB , NIDOTTE, . 3, . 253]) (

,
, ), .
:
1. (. . 8, . 7)
2. (. 2.15:30)
3. / (. 2.19:5; .14:3)
4. (. 2.3:15-16; .4:18)
5. ( BDB 532) ;
( BDB 532) , (. .3:7; 1.18:22; 24:4),
(. .7:22; 8:7,18).
,
(. .1:21-32).
25:8 !
(. 65:19-20). , /
! 26:19 (. .14:14; 19:2527; .37:12-14; .12:2; 1.15).
(. .5:12-21),
(. .13:14 1.15:55-57).
: (.
.18:4,20; .6:23). ,
(. .18:5; .3:12), - (.3)
, , , (.
.3:13; 4:5). , , (.
.2:14)!
, , (.
), (BDB 562, KB 567, Qal-, . 43:25; 44:22; .50:3,11).
, (BDB 481 BDB 815)!
, , , ( ),
() (. 30:19; 35:10; 51:11;
65:19; , .7:17; 21:4).

:
1. .36:22-38,

2. (. .2:28-29; 9:6; 11:26;
. .6:16; 1.2:5,9; .1:6). (, ) .
.
(. 1)!
,
, (. 24:3; 30-31; 40:8; 55:10-11).

314

25:9 /.
, (. 12:1-4; 26:1; 27:1-2). . 2:11.
, (1) (.., , .
12,15,17), (2) , .3:15 ,
(. .1:26,27).
(NASB ) (BDB 875, KB 1082, Piel-)
(. 8:17; 26:8; 33:2; 40:31; 49:23; 51:5; 60:9).
: , , , , ,
! .
(NASB ) (BDB 446, KB
448, Hiphil-) , ( , .12:12;
.1:17-22; 14:30; .5:20),
(.., .1:21; 18:11; 1.1:21; 9:22; 1.1:15; 2.1:9).
( ) . .
33:2.
:
1. BDB 162, KB 189, Qal-
2. BDB 970, KB 1333, Qal-
(. 35:12,10; 65:18; 66:10).
25:10-11 ,
:
1. , . 10, BDB 190, KB 218
) Niphal-
) Niphal-
2. , . 11, BDB 831, KB 975
) Piel-
) Piel-
3. , . 11, BDB 965, KB 1314
) Qal-
) Qal-
(. 10,
[, BDB 199]). LXX
, . JPSOA
/ , (.
10:31).
25:10-12 ,
, (JPSOA
). 15-16. ,
, ( 24-27)
, . ,
,
315

 , . , -, (1)
(NASB ) .24:10, (2)
(. ), .26:5.
25:11 (BDB 1050, KB 1631, Hiphil-, . .
10) 26:5, , ,
(. 24:10; 25:2-3).
/ (. 2:9,11,12,17;
5:15[]; 10:33; 13:11; 25:11; 29:4; 40:4; . 2.22:28; .40:11; .17:28; .29:23).
16:6,
16:14.

NASB, NKJV
(. )
NRSV

TEV

NJB

JB

Peshitta

JPSOA ,
(. ), .
. 12.
, , , ( BDB
70), . ( BDB 70)
( BDB 70) , ,
.

, , , ,
.
, .
, .
.
.
, - .
1. , 25:9
24:21?
2. 25:10-12 ?

316

 , 26

NASB


26:1-6
(1-6)
26:7-10
(7-10)

NKJV

NRSV

26:1-11
(1-6)

26:1-6
(1-6)

26:7-15
(7-15)

(7-9)
(10-11)

TEV


26:1-19
(1-6)

NJB

26:1-6
(1-6)

(7-18)

26:7-19
(7-11)

26:11-19
(11-19)
26:12-19
(12-15)
(16-18)
(19)


26:20-21
(20-21)

26:20-27:1
(20-21)

(12-15)
26:16-19
(16-19)

(16-19)
(19)

(26:20-27:1)
26:20-21
(20-21)

26:20-21

26:20-27:1
(20-21)

( . 24)

, , , ,
.
, .
, .
.
. .
.
, ,
. , .
1. .
2. .
3. .
4. .

317


. , 26 27
, 24.
. 24-27, ,
,
13-23. ! !
, , !
. :
1. , ,
(..,
.10-11)
2. , (..,
, - ), (
) (. 2:2-4; 19:18-25; .11:10; 12:22;
13:14; .21:1-2).
. /:

1:7,8,
1:21,
6:11,
14:17,21,
14:31,
17:1-3,9,
19:2,

1:26, ,

19:18-22,

19:23-25,

22:2,9,
23,
24:1-25:5,
25:10-12, , - 25:6-9,

(.., )
26:5, , ,
26:1, , ,

27:10, -
29:1, ()
45:13, (. 44:23)
48:2, ,
52:1-6,
60:14,
62:12,
66:6, ,

318


: .26:1-6
1
:
;
.
2
; ,
.
3
,
.
4
,
:
5
, ;
, , .
6
,
, .

26:1 .
. . 2:11.
(.., 24-27) :
1. , 23:15-18
2. , 24:7-11
, 24:14-16
3. , 25:1,3,6,9
4. , 26:1,19
5. , 27:2
/ ,
(. .27-28).
, . 1-6, . 5,
, ,
. . , . .
(NASB
) ,
.
.
(BDB 446), .
33:2.
26:2 ;
(. 60:11,18; 62:10).
(BDB 156) , , ,
. , , !
319

 (NASB , ) , 2-4
,
. . , , , 22:23.
:
1. Qal- (. ;
BDB 1036, KB 1581)
2. (. ; BDB 53)
, , ,
(. NRSV, JB, REB).
, 24:13 (. .30:15).
(. 25:9; 26:8).

.
26:3 (NASB )
:
1. (BDB 701, KB 759, Qal- , , . 1.29:18).
2. / (BDB 665 I, KB 718, Qal-;
, . 1:19).
3. (BDB 1022, . DSS).

.
(BDB 105, KB 120, Qal- )
(. 12:2; 26:4; 36:15; 37:10; 50:10). ,
.
, ,
, . ,
!
26:4 (BDB 105, KB 120, Qal) . , , , 22:23.
. 4 ; ;
. 1:1.
(BDB 723 I), , ( ; . 65:18; .82:18; 91:9). ,
(BDB 761), ,
(. . 14,19; .22:6).
(NASB ) , (. .17:2,3; .17:10; 30:29; 44:8).
26:5 (NASB ) (. 25:10-12), . 12. /
.
320

26:6 . , 25:10, , ,
, ,
( ,
).
,
, , :
1. , (. ; BDB 942, KB 1245, Qal-)
2. , (BDB 919, )
3. , (BDB 919, )
4. , (BDB 821)
,
:
1. , . 3
2. , . 4
3. , . 6

24-27:
1. (. ), BDB 615, KB 663, Qal-, 24:4
2. , , BDB 991, KB 1407, Qal-, 24:8
3. (. , ), BDB 1059, KB 1667, Qal- ,
24:9
4. (. , ), BDB 93, KB 108, Qal-
(), 24:16
5. , , BDB 190, KB 218, Niphal- , 25:10
6. , , BDB 831, KB 975, Piel- , 25:11
7. , , BDB 965, KB 1314, Qal-
, 25:11
8. , , BDB 105, KB 120, Qal- Qal, 26:3,4
9. , BDB 1050, KB 1631, Niphal- (), 26:5
10. , , BDB 302, KB 301, Qal- (), 26:11
11. , BDB 414, KB 418, Qal- (), 26:15
12. , BDB 793, KB 889, Qal-,
(), 27:5
13. , , BDB 645, KB 697, Hiphil-, 27:7
, (NASB , ) ,
, - (.,
, ). , ,
, , (. 3:14-15).
: .26:7-10
7
;
.
8
, ,
;
.
321

,
:
,
.
10
,
,

.

26:7
( ) .
.
(.
40:3,4; 42:16; 45:13; .3:3; .1:3; .3:4-6; .1:25).
, ,
, .
,
1. ( , . . 9)
2. (, . . 8)
! (. .6:46).

NASB, NJB
, (. )
NKJV
,
NRSV, JPSOA
,
, .
(. 24:16),
, , ,
(LXX, Peshitta, JB, REB),
(. 42:16).
26:8 , (BDB 73)
7:
1. . 7,
2. . 8,
(NASB )
(BDB 875, KB 1082, Piel-) NASB
. .
/ (. 8:17; 25:9; 33:2).

: ,
( )
I. /, BDB 349 , ; ;
, ; , ; , , ;
322

. ,

.4:1,5,6,8,14,40,45; 5:1; 6:1,24,25; 7:11; 11:32; 16:12; 17:19;

26:17; 27:10; .2:7; 49:16; 80:5; 98:7; 104:10,45; 148:6
. , .6:2; 8:11; 10:13; 11:1; 28:15,45; 30:10,16; .88:32; 118:5,
8,12,16,23,26,33,48,54,64,68,71,80,83,112,124,135,145,155,171
II. BDB 435 , ; , , ;
;
.1:5; 4:44; 17:11,18,19; 27:3,8,26; 28:58,61; 29:21,29; 30:10;
31:9; .1:2; 18:8; 77:10; 93:12; 104:45; 118:1,18,29,34,44,51,
53,55,61,70,72,77,85,92,97,109,113,126,136,142,150,153,163,
165,174
III. BDB 730
A.
.4:45; 6:17,20; .25:10; 78:56; 93:5; 99:7; 118:22,24,46,59,
79,95,119,125,138,146,152,167,168
.
.18:8; 77:5; 80:6; 118:2,14,31,36,88,99,111,129,144,157
IV. BDB 824 ; ; ; ;
, ;
.18:9; 102:18; 110:7; 118:4,15,27,40,45,56,63,69,78,87,93,94,
100,104, 110,128,134,141,159,168,173
V. BDB 846
.4:2,40; 5:29; 6:1,2,17,25; 8:1,2,11; 10:13; 11:13; 15:5;
26:13, 17; 30:11,16; .18:9; 118:6,10,19,21,32,35,47,48,60,
66,73,86,96, 98,115,127,131,143,151,166,176
VI. // BDB 1048 , ;
.1:17; 4:1,5,8,14,45; 7:12; 16:18; 30:16; 33:10,21; .9:26;
17:23; 18:10; 47:12; 88:31; 96:8; 104:5,7; 118:7,13,20,30,39,
43,52,62,75,84,102,106,120,132,137,149,156,160,164;
147:8; 149:9
VII. BDB 202 /

.8:6; 10:12; 11:22,28; 19:9; 26:17; 28:9; 30:16; 32:4;

.118:3,5,37,59
VIII.
A. BDB 202
.4:10,13,36; 9:10; 10:4; .118:9,16,17,25,28,42,43,49,57,
65,74,81,89,101,105,107,114,130,139,147,160,161,169
B. BDB 57:
1.
.17:19; 18:19; 33:9; .118:11,67,103,162,170,172
2.
.118:38,41,50,58,76,82,116,133,140,148,154
3.
.118:158

, (. . 9; 25:9).
( .3:15; .134:13).
,
.
26:9 . 9 .
, , , ,
, :
323

1. , BDB 16, KB 20, Piel-

2. , BDB 1007, KB 1465, Piel-, .62:2; 77:34; .5:15
, .
.41:2-3. , .
! , , !
. , 3:1.
26:10 ,
(.., ,
), :
1. (.. ), BDB 335, KB 334, Hophal-
2.
3. (.., ), . 11
?
1. (NASB )
2. (NASB )
3. , . 10
4. , . 11

. 10 ,
(. .2:4-5). (..,
) , (. . 11),
.
(.., ,
).
(. 9), (.
10).
: .26:11-19
11
! , ;
;
.
12
! ;
.
13
! ;
.
14
; ,
,
.
15
, ,
, ,
.
16
! ;
,
.
17
, ,
, ,
324

18

19

, .
, ,
;
,
.
,
!
, :
,
.

26:11
, , . ,
(. . 10; 5:12,25: 8:11; 9:12; 10:4,10; 11:15; 13:2;
14:26-27; 23:11; 25:10; 28:2, ..).
, ,
(.., ).
26:12 .
(. .36:22-38) !
26:13 ,
2:8 27:9, (,
, ), .
(BDB 127, KB 142,
Qal-) :
1. , , .20:3; .21:3,22; .22:22; 24:1
2. , , 26:13; 1.4:22
,
. , (. .2:14-20).

NASB

NKJV

NRSV

NJB, REB

LXX

(BDB 269II, KB 269, Hiphil-)
. ,
(.., ). , ,
( , ., .70:14-16;
, , .23:13).
325

, (.. )
, :
1. (. . 15, )
2. (. . 16, )
26:14 ; (NASB )
, . 13, , ,
- .
,
. ,
(. .12:2; .25:46; .5:28-29;
.24:15). , , ,
, , ,
.

NASB
(. )
NRSV, JPSOA

TEV, JB

NJB

(BDB 952 I), -,

, , (. .26:5; .2:18; .14:9).
26:19 , .
(BDB 952 II) ,
. . , /
14:9. ,
, , ,
.
26:15 .
,
.
26:16 (NASB )
, , .
, .
, :
1. (BDB 538 #3)
2. , , (BDB
538 #1,2)
, , , !
26:17
.
17-18 (..,
, . .13:8), , , .
326

26:18 ; [NASB ]
,

(. .19:4-6).
(. .42:6; 49:6;
51:4). , , , ,
, .
(. . 15); , (. 25:1)
.
(BDB 924) :
1. , 11:4; 25:4; 27:8; 30:28,33; 33:11; 59:19
2. , 7:2; 11:15; 17:13; 26:18; 32:2; 41:16,29; 57:13; 64:6
3. :
) , 11:2 (4 ); 30:1; 32:15; 34:16; 40:13; 42:1; 44:3; 48:16; 59:21; 61:1; 63:10,
11,14
) , 4:4; 19:3,14; 26:9; 28:6; 29:10,24; 31:3; 37:7; 38:16: 42:5; 54:6; 57:15
(), 16; 61:3; 65:14; 66:2
, ,
, , (., .1:14,17; 2:11,17,26; 4:4,6,16; 5:16; 6:9).
, 26:18 41:29
.
1. ,
2. , ,
(. . 12)!
(. ; BDB 656, KB 709, Qal-)
, , , .
, , ,
(. NIV).
26:19 ,
(NASB ) 19
14. . 14
. 19 25:8. ,
26:3, , /
, . . 19 (. )
. ,
?
37 .
, ,
( ):
1. (NASB ), BDB 884, KB 1098, Hiphil-
2. (NASB ), BDB 943, KB 1247, Piel-
, -,
:
1. ( 2000 . ..),14:13-15; 19:25-27
2. ( . 3000 .., XXI
)
3.
327

 , ,
. (.., )
(. .23:6; .6:1-2). (.
.22:23-33; .14:14; .11:24-25). .
, !
(. .21-22).

NASB
(. )
NKJV

NRSV, NJB

TEV

REB

Peshitta

JPSOA

. ,
(BDB 21), :
1. ( , BDB 21 I,
, .8:16)
2. (BDB 21 II, .1:11,12)
.
. , ,
!

: .26:20-21
20
, ,
,
,
;
21
,
,

.

26:20 . .
, .
,
, :
1. , BDB 229, KB 246, Qal-
2. , BDB 97, KB 112, Qal-
3. , BDB 688, KB 742, Qal-
4. , BDB 285, KB 285, Qal-
,
, .. .
, 12
:
328

1.
2. (BDB 716) ,
.12 (BDB 820), .
.
26:21
.1:3. ,
1. (.. )
2. (.. )
24-27 !

329

 , 27

NASB

NKJV


(26:20-27:1)

NRSV

(26:20-27:1)

TEV

(26:20-27:13)

NJB

(26:20-27:1)

26:20-27:1
27:1
(1)

27:1

27:2-11
(2-11)

27:1

(27:1)

27:2-11
(2-5)

27:2-11
(2-5)

27:2-5

27:6
(6)

(6)

27:2-5
(2-3)
(4)
(5)

27:6-11
(6-11)

27:7-9
(7-11)

27:12-13

27:12-13
(12)
(13)

(7-11)

27:12-13

27:10-11
27:12

27:12-13
(12-13)

27:13

( . 24)

, , , ,
.
, .
, .
.
. .
.
, ,
. , .
1. .
2. .
3. .
4. .
330


. , 24.
.
, (.
.25:29; .3:2; 1.4:17), .
. , . 5, (.
2:2-4; 19:18-23; 25:2-3).
. ,
. ,
, .

: .27:1
1
, ,
, ,
, ,
.

27:1 . 2:11.
, (NASB ) ,
(BDB 531) (.., .41:19-21),
.3:8; .103:26; .9:3. ,
- (. .73:13-14, , ).
, .
, (.
.86:4; 88:10-11; .30:7). , ,
, (. . 12).
, , ,

(. .73:12-17; . . , [Gleason L. Archer,
Encyclopedia of Bible Difficulties], . 239-240).
:
1. (BDB 638 I) (NASB, )
2.
3. ,
(1) (2) .51:9,
(BDB 1072; . ).
11-12:
1. , . 11
331

2. (. ) , . 12
3. (.., .1-2; .21-22)
, ,
, ,
.
(NASB ) (BDB 1072) :
1. , .7:9,10,12; .32:33; .90:13
2. , .2:13; .51:34
3. / , .1:21; .7:12; .73:13; 148:7; (.
.73:13-14); .27:1; 51:9,10;
.29:3; 32:2.
(..,
/).
(BDB 1072) :
1. , .73:13-14; .27:1
2. , .51:9
3. , .67:23; .9:3 (. NIDOTTE, . 3, . 87)

: .27:2-6
2

:
3
, , ,
;
,
.
4
.
,
, .
5

?
.
6
,
;
.

27:2
NASB
(. )
NKJV

NRSV, TEV

NJB, REB

LXX

JPSOA

, ( BDB 326), , DSS .
, ( BDB 330), .
332

. UBS
( ).
(. 5:1-7; ), ,
24-27, (.
26:21; JPSOA, ).
Piel- (BDB 777, KB 854).
. . 26:1.
27:3 , .
. , . 6 , ,
(. .3:15; 12:3; .19:5).
27:4-5 :
1. , BDB 832, KB 979, Qal- ( )
2. , BDB 428, KB 429, Hiphil-,

3. (NASB ), BDB 304,

KB 302, Hiphil-
4. (NASB ), BDB 793, KB 889, Qal-, ,
3 , ;
4 , ; 5
; 6
, ( .1).
27:4
NASB

NKJV

TEV, JB

NJB, LXX

REB

Peshitta

, :
1. ( BDB 404), ,
2. ( BDB 327), , , .
2:15; 22:10,11; 25:12; 26:1
3. ( BDB 330), , , 27:2 .32:14
UBS
( ).
27:5 (NASB )
, (
, . . 4) (. .1:16-17,18-20).
,
, .. . . /
1:3. 5
, (. 2:2-4; 42:6; 45:22; 49:6).
333

 ? (NASB )
, . . 26:6.
(. 26:12; 32:17;
52:7; 54:10; 55:12; 57:2,19; 60:17; 66:12; .4:7,9) (. 9:6,7; 53:5; .5:1;
.14:27; 16:33; 20:19,21,26). (. 2:4; 39:8),
(. 48:22; 57:1; 59:18).
,
, ,
.
27:6 ;

, ,
, (. 2:2-4;
24:23; 25:6,7; 27:13). , 26:18.
, , 26:19.

: .27:7-11
7
, ?
, ?
8
, ;
.
9
;
,
,
.
10
,
, .
,
.
11
, ;
.
,
,
.

27:7 . , ,
(. 47:6).
/
(. 26:6). , ( BDB 646,
, , . .26:21; .28:61;
.30:12), , ( BDB 645,
KB 697, Hiphil- Hiphil-). ,
, ,
( NET).
334

27:8 8 , (..,
; BDB 936, KB 1224, Qal-, . .2:2) -
(. 50:1).
(. .28:49-57; .. , .10:5, , .14). ,
/ (. . 7; 47:6; 49:25).

NASB

NKJV

NRSV

NJB

LXX

Peshitta
,
( ), :
1. , (BDB 684, KB 738, Pilpel- ,
)
2. , (. )
UBS
( ).
( BDB 1018, KB
1511, Piel- ), .

. ( 8 NASB: , ,
)
(BDB 212, KB 237, Qal-)
- ,
(., , . .25:4).
(..,
46:11; .17:10; .13:15), , ,
. 7, . ,
(. .10:13; .47:8; .18:17).
(. .14:21; 15:10; .11:31; . NIDOTTE, . 3, . 871-873).
27:9 , , /
, . , ,

( 3 4). ,
, .52:13-53:12. , /,
. ,
.
(NASB )
,
. ! .
17:8.
335

 (BDB 162)
. ,
.
, , .5:5,
, .
27:10 . .
24:10 26, , . .
27:11 , ,
, , . 10 1-2 11.
:
1. , , .
.4:14
2. (. 43:1,7; 44:2,21,24; .32:18)
3.

: .27:12-13
12
: , ,
, ; 13 :
,
.

27:12-13 ,
. 12 , , ,
(.., [NASB ], BDB 286, KB 285, Qal-,
,
, . .13:36-43; 24:31; 25:32) .
, (.
.15:18; 3.8:65; .47:15-19). 13 :
, ,
(.., 2:2-4; 19:18-25).
.30:1-10 (.
.11:8-11).
27:12 (NASB )
(BDB 987) :
1. ( ), BDB 987 I, . .68:3,16
2. , BDB 987 II, . 17:5; .41:5,6,7,22,23,24,26,27; .2:2; .24:24
. 1 , . 1,
2 ,
(.., ).
-,
.
336

27:13 :
( )
:
1. , .19:16,19; .25:9; .10:2,8,10; 1.15:24
2. , .10:9; ..6; .3:27; 6:34; 7; 1.13:3; 2.2:28
3. , , , .9:14; .24:31; 1.15:52; 1.4:16

, /
:
1. (BDB 901) , . ..6:5.
,
, , . .22:13.
2. (BDB 1051) , (
). .19:16,19,
/; ..6:5 #1 #2 .
(.,
, . ..6:4).
3. (BDB 385) , (.
..6:4,6,8,13). (.
.25:13,28,40,50,52,54; 27:17,18,23,24).
( , , ,
- . [RH 3.2]
, , .)
4. (BDB 348) , ,
, ( , ).
( ).

) (. .10:2,8,10; .3:10; .12:35,41)
) (. .10:9; 31:6; .5:8)
) (. 4.11:14)
;
3.12.6 .

337


, , , ,
.
, .
, .
.
.
, - .
1.
2.
3.
4.

, .27:1?
.27:5 .1:16-17?
.27:6 ?
.27:12 13
? (.. ,
)

338

 , 28

NASB

28:1-8
(1-8)

NKJV

28:1-4
(1-4)
28:5-8
(5-6)

NRSV


(28:1-35:10)

28:1-13
(1-4)

TEV

28:1-4


28:5-6

(5-8)

(7-8)
28:7-8
28:9-13
(9-13)

28:14-22
(14-15)

(16-22)

28:9-10
(9-10)
28:11-13
(11-13)
28:14-15
(14-15)

28:16-22
(16-19)

NJB

28:1-4
(1-4)

28:5-6
(5-6)
28:7-13
(7-13)

28:9-10
(9-10)
28:11-13
(11-13)


28:14-22
(14-22)

28:14-17a

28:14-17a
(14-17a)

28:17-21

28:17-22
(17-22)

(20-22)
28:22
28:23-29
(23-29)

28:23-29
(23-26)
(27-29)

28:23-29
(23-26)
(27-29)

28:23-29

28:23-29
(23-29)

( . 24)

, , , ,
.
, .
, .
.
. .
.
339

 , ,
. , .
1. .
2. .
3. .
4. .

. 28:1-33:24 (
),
( .
4, ).
: [John Bright], 715-687; .. [E. J. Young], 727-699; ..
[R. K. Harrison], 716/15-687/86). , ,
(.., 705-701 . ..)
701 . ..
. 28:1-6 . , ,
II 722 . .. .
. II 705 . .. (.
3). ,
. , ,
701 . .. ,
.
. :
1. , . 1-6
2. , . 7-13
3. , . 14-22
4. , . 23-29

: .28:1-8
1
,
,

!
2
, ,
,
340

3
4

5
6
7

,
.
.
,
,
, ,
, ,

.

,

.
;
;
, ,
, .
, .

28:1 (BDB 222)

( , . 28:1; 29:1,15; 30:1; 31:1; 33:1,
5:8-22). .
1-4
. ,
(. . 1 (), 3,7; .7:5).
, ,
, . .
1:22.
( )
(.. 922 . ..), :
1. ( )
2. ( )
3. ( )

NASB

(.
)
NKJV

NRSV, JPSOA

NJB

Peshitta

REB
,
:
1. ,
2. /
REB DSS.
341

28:2 ,
(. .8:7; 10:5-6) .
722 . .. II (.
4.17:6; 18:9-12). .
.
, :
1.
2.
3. (. 30:30; . )
4. (. )
5. (. 8:7-8)
6. (.., ; NASB
)
28:4 ,
, (. .9:10; .7:1).
, . , ,
, .
28:5 . 2:11. .

. 1. 28:1 , , ,
, (. . 16-17).
(BDB 862),
(BDB 742), (. . 1) (62:3).
, , .
, (. 1.8:7; 10:19).
. ( ) 1:9.
, . , (
) , .
28:6 (. 9:1-7;
11:1-5,10):
1. (. 11:2)
2. (.., )
28:7 JPSOA, TEV NJB ,
6 7. 7 8
(. 14; .13:12-14, Qal-,
), , . 1-4 .

NASB, NRSV,
NJB
NKJV, ASV,
LXX

(. )

342

TEV

JB

REB

BDB (118; Niphal-) ,
(. 25:8; .41:7,24; .7:12; 15:12; .16:30,32,34; 26:10; .11:6; .51:34).
, NIDOTTE, . 1, . 666-668, KB 135-136
:
1. KB 135 I, , , ,
2. KB 136 II, , , ,
3. KB 136 III, Niphal , , , ; Piel 3:12; Pual
9:16
28:8
1.
2.
3.
4.

(BDB 1020) :
, . 21:5
, . .5:17

, . .25:23; .24:6; .3:31; 4:7 ( )

: .28:9-22
9
: " ?
?
,
?
10

, ,
, ,
".
11

.
12
: " , ,
". .
13
:
, ,
, ,
, ,
, , ,
.
14
, ,
, .
15
: "
:
, ,
, ".
16
:
, , ,
, , :
.
343

17

18

19

20
21

22

;
,
.
,
.
,
.
, ;
, ,
.
, ;
, .
, ;
, ,
, ,
, .
,
;
, ,
.

28:9-10 ( ) (1)
, (2) , . 7-8 (. .26:9-15; .7:12;
.2:6-11).
28:10,13 .
( BDB 846, .5:11 [. ]), ( BDB 876 II, .
17 /). ,
, , (KB
1081 I #2). 11
.
28:11-13 .
28:11
. , : ,
, , (. . 13; 33:19; .5:15).
1.14:21
.
1-
www.freebiblecommentary.org.

344

28:12 ,
(BDB 629) (. 11:10; 30:15; 32:17,18). (BDB 628, KB 679)
Hiphil-.
, , (. 12)!
.11:28-29.
28:13 ,
. :
1. , BDB 505, KB 502, Qal-, . 3:8; 59:14
2. , BDB 990, KB 1402, Niphal-, . 8:15
3. , BDB 430, KB 432, Niphal-, . 8:15
4. (NASB ), BDB 539, KB 530, Niphal-, .
8:15; 24:18
28:14 (BDB 1033, KB 1570, Qal-) , ,
, .
(. 28:12,14,22,23 []; 29:18; 30:9,19,21,30; 32:3,9; 33:13,15,19; 34:1 []).
, !
,
.
(, BDB 35, , ,
, BDB 539). (., 1:22; 3:34; 24:9 [.
]). , ,
, ! ,
/, .
28:15 (NASB )
. (.., , BDB 136,
. 1:19, , , , BDB 302, . . 18),
(. 30:1-7).
, ,
, .30:15-20 (.
www.freebiblecommentary.org.). :
, , ,
. .
(NASB ) .
. . ?
5:14.

NASB
(. )
NKJV, NRSV

NJB

JB

LXX

REB

(BDB 1009, KB 1474, Qal-).
(NIDOTTE, . 4, . 64-65):
345

1. , BDB 1009, , , , . 8:8; 10:22 (..,

)
2. , BDB 1002, , , , , . 3.12:11,14
(BDB 716, KB 778) Qal- (), Qal- (, . 26:20). ,
, , .
(..,
28-35, . 28:15,18,19 []; 29:5; 31:9; 33:8,21; 34:10; 35:8).
,
: ,
!
1. , BDB 469, . . 17 ( )
2. , BDB 1005, . 9:15; 32:7; 44:20; 57:4; 59:3,13 ( ,
)
(BDB 340) ,
- -.
:
1. , .32:37; .17:3 (. )
2. -, .2:12; .35:8; 56:2; 60:5; 90:4
3. , 2.22:3,31; .17:31; 143:2; .30:5
4. , .2:12; 5:12; 7:2; 10:1; 15:1; 24:20; 30:2,20; 33:9,23; 36:40; 56:2; 63:11; 70:1; 117:8,9;
140:8; .57:13; .1:7
5. , .16:7
6. , .14:32
7. , .3:12
28:16 ,
,
. . !
, !
:
1. (BDB 6) ;
(BDB 819) (.
.117:22; .21:42,44: .20:17; .4:11; .9:33; 10:11; .2:20; 1.2:6-8).
2. (BDB 103) ,
,
. , , ,
, 16.
(. .30:15, ).
3. (BDB 414) 2.8:16,
. ,
(NASB, , ).
.
.
. 8:14-15 , , ,
22:23.
346

28:17 (NASB ) . ,
3:1.
(NASB )
(. 4.21:13) (BDB 876 II) (BDB
1054).
(NASB ) . 1:4.
(. 27:12).
(. .8
.27:15). , , ,
(. 45:19; 48:16).
28:18
NASB
(. )
NKJV, NRSV,
JB

TEV

NJB

LXX, Peshitta,
REB

(BDB 877, KB 1086, Qal-)
, , .
, (. 7:7; 8:10; 28:18; .15:22).
(. 14:24-27; 40:8; 46:10; .34:10-11; .19:21; .44:28)!
28:19 . 18 (. ). (, . 4.24:2) ,
. , (
50:4).
28:20 .
28:21
; ,
, (. 2.5:17-21; 1.14:13-17).
, ,
,
; , , ,
,
(. , NIDOTTE, .
1, . 775).
28:22
NASB
NKJV
NRSV

(. )


347

TEV

NJB

REB

(BDB 358, KB 356, Qal-) Qal : ,
, , , , , , , :
1. , .14:5
2. , .10:22-23; .9:26-27
, .
(.., , .
.3:15). , :
1. , 22:22
2. , 2:23
3. , 3:18
4. , 4:28
5. , 13:29
,
24-27, , , (.., . 16)!

: .28:23-29
23
, ;
, .
24
,
?
25
; ,
, ,
,
, .
26
; .
27
,
;
, .
28
,
;
,
.
29
:
, !

28:23-29 ,
. ,
, , . ,
. ,
!

348

28:23 ,
(. . 29) :
1. , BDB 24, KB 27, Hiphil-
2. , BDB 1033, KB 1570, Qal-, . . 12,14,22
3. , BDB 904, KB 1151, Hiphil-
4. , , #2
; (. 6:9-10)!
28:28 (NASB ) ,
,
, (BDB 190, KB 218).
: , !
28:29 , , ,
!

349

 , 29

NASB

29:1-4
(1-4)
29:5-8
(5-8)
29:9-12
(9-10)
29:13-14
(13-14)
29:15-16
(15-16)

NKJV

29:1-4
(1-4)
29:5-8
(5-8)

29:9-10
(9-10)
29:11-12
29:13-14
(13-14)

29:17-21
(17-21)

29:15-16
(15-16)

29:17-21
(17-21)

29:22-24
(22-24)

29:22-24
(22-24)

NRSV

29:1-8
(1-4)

TEV

NJB

29:1-4

29:1-12
(1-4)

29:5-8
(5-8)

29:9-10
(9-10)
29:11-12
29:13-21
(13-14)

(5-8)

29:9-12
29:13-14

29:15-16

(15-16)

(9-10)

29:13-14
(13-14)

29:15-24
(15-24)

29:17
(17-21)
29:22-24
(22-24)

29:18-21
29:22-24

( . 24)

, , , ,
.
, .
, .
.
. .
.
, ,
. , .
1. .
2. .
3. .
4. .
350


. [The Jewish Study Bible] (. 379-380)
:
1. . 1-8 ( )
2. . 9-12
3. . 15-24 ( )
.
, ..
:
1. 3:25-5:6
2. 8:6-8
3. 8:22-9:1
. ,
701 . .. (
), :
1. , 36-39
2. 4- , 18-19
3. 2- , 32

: .29:1-4
1
, , , !
; .
2
,
;
, .
3

,
.
4
,
,
- ,
,
,
- .
29:1 . 5:8.
(. 1,2,7) :
1. , . 2.23:20; 1.11:22 (BDB72 I, #3)
2. (BDB 72 I #1)
3. (BDB 72 II)
351

 . 2 , .43:15-16,
, , 31:9.
. 7, . (.., 29:1-4)
, , 28:1-4
, .
; (NASB ,
) . 1 , 1-4
, (. .23; .16):
1. , BDB 414, KB 418, Qal-
2. , BDB 668, KB 722, Qal-,
29:2-3 ,
(.., , , ,
. .12:5,11,21; 14:23,24; 16:2,6,11; 26:2):
1. (NASB ), BDB 847, KB 1014, Hiphil-, . . 7;
51:13 (); .28:53, 55,57.
2. (NASB ):
) , BDB 58, . 21:2; 35:10; 51:11
) , BDB 58, ,
. .2:5
) , BDB 72, . . 1,2,7
3. (NASB ,
), BDB 333, KB 332, Qal-, . .19:43,44
5. (NASB
), BDB 877, KB 1086, Hiphil-, . 23:13
4. (NASB
), BDB 848 II; KB 1015, Qal-, . 21:2
29:4 , :
1. , BDB 1050, KB 1631, Qal-
2. (NASB ), BDB 180, KB 210, Piel-
3. - , BDB 1005, KB 1458, Niphal-
4. (NASB ), BDB 224, KB 283, Qal-
5. - , BDB 861, KB 1050, Pilpel-
, .18:9-12,14,
,
,
.
: .29:5-8
5
, ,
, ;
, .
6
, ,
, .
7
, ,
, ,
352

.
,
,
, ;
,
,
, ,
:
,
.

29:5-6 !
, ,
36-37. . 6
, .
. 30:27-33 .
, (.., [.
], . 6) :
1.
2. (. )
3. , ( BDB 837, , . 30:13 , . 47:11;
48:3)
4. (. , BDB 823, KB 955, Niphal-) (BDB
947)
5. (BDB 950)
6. (. ; BDB 876, 33:3
, , ,
1.4:16)
7. (BDB 704)
8. (. ; BDB 693)
9. (BDB 529 BDB 77; , BDB 37, KB 46, Qal- )
/ (. 28:2).
.
29:5
NASB, NJB,
REB

NKJV, NRSV

NASB, NRSV (footnote)

TEV

Peshitta

(, BDB 266, KB 267, Qal-

), ( ) ().
( ) .
353

29:7-8 , (. , BDB 321; ,

BDB 302 538)
, . . 7 ,
, . 8 (. 4.19:35-37;
2.32; .36-37).
29:7
NASB, NRSV

NKJV

NJB

REB

( ) ():
1. , , BDB 845 II,
2. , BDB 849,
UBS
( ).

: .29:9-12
9
:
, ;
, ,
, ;
10

, ,
, .
11
, ,
: " "; : " ,
". 12 , , : " ";
: " ".

29:9 :
,
:
1. (. ), BDB 554, KB 552, Hithpalpel-,

2. (. ), BDB 1069, KB 1744, Qal-,

; . . .1:5
NASB

NKJV

NRSV

NJB

LXX, Peshitta

3. (. ), BDB 1044 I, KB 1612, Hithpalpel-,

4. (. ), BDB 1044, KB 1612, Qal-,
, . 6:9-10; .3:6-7
354

 , #3 #4
(BDB 1044 II) , , .
, . 9,
, . 10. , , ! . /
1:3.
, (BDB 1016, KB
1500, Qal-),
(. 28:1-4,7-8).
29:10-12
/ (. 6:9-10; .3:6-7):
1. (BDB 650, KB 703, Qal-) (BDB 924
BDB 922)
2. (BDB 783, KB 868, Piel-) ,
3. (BDB 491, KB 487, Piel-, TEV )
, (. . 11-12; 6:9-10; 8:16)
. 10 .11:8,
, .
29:11 (BDB 367, KB 364, Qal-
) 8:16, ,
. :
1.
2.
:
1. ( )
-

2. ( )
, -
8:16 ,
.12:4. , , 29:11, ,
.
: .29:13-14
13
:
,
,
,
;
14
, , ,
,
.
29:13 (BDB 620, KB 670, Niphal-)
.
(., .19:22).
355


, : /
, ,
, , (.
1:10-15; 58:1-5; .7; .5:21-24; .6:6-8; .15:1-20; .7:1-23; .2:16-23; 2.3:5).
- , ,
, .
, (NASB
; . .12:2). , -
(. .15:6-9; .7:6-8,
, , .7:3,5,9,13).
29:14 ( )
, (Hiphil ; Hiphil- ; )
(BDB 810), :
1. , .3:20; .28:59
2. , 9:6; 28:29
3. , .34:10; 1.16:9,12,24; .25:1
,
. , .
,
(. . 9-12).
1.1:19,
, , ,
(.., ).

: .29:15-16
15
, , ,

: " ? ?"
16
!
, ?
: " "?
: " "?

29:15
- (. 28:7-22; 30:1-5; 31:1-3)
. , !
? ?
. . 16
.
29:16 (. .45:9; 64:8; .18:4 .; .10:9). ,
356

 .2:7.
.9:20. 9
!
: .29:17-21
17
, ,
,
, ?
18
,
.
19
,
,
20
, ,
,
21
,
,
.
29:17-21 :
1. , . 17a (. 10:24-25)
2. , . 17,, . 32:15; 35:1-2 ( NASB, .
996, .10:34 ,
); ,
(. 37:24; 4.19:23).
3. , . 18a, . 32:3; 35:5
4. , . 18, . 32:3; 35:5
5. , . 19a, . 11:4; 61:1
6. , . 19, . 3:14-15; 11:4; 14:30,32
7. , . 20a
8. , . 20a, . 28:14
9. , . 20
10. , . 21, . 32:7
. 25:4.
, #3 #4 ,
(. .29:4; .5:12,13; 6:9; 30:9).
29:19 . 6:3.
: .29:22-24
22
, :
, .
23
, ,

,
.
24
,
.
357

29:22-24 22-24, . 5-8,

.
.
!
, , ,
(.., ).
, :
1. , , . 22
2. , , . 23
3. . . . , . 23
4. , . 23, . 1:4
29:22 .
, , ,
:
1. , BDB 101, KB 116, Qal-, ,

2. , BDB 301, KB 299, Qal-,

,
. !
(BDB 804, KB 911, Qal-, .
) . :
1. , (. .11)
2. (.., .12, 15, 17)
3.
) (. .12:10-20)
) (. .20)

: /
I.
.
.
1. Gaal,
(). goel
, (.. ).
, , , (.
.25,27) (. .4:15; .29:22)
, (. .6:6; 15:13;
.73:2; 76:16; .31:11). , (. .19:25;
.18:15; 77:35; .23:1; .41:14; 43:14; 44:6,24; 47:4; 48:17; 49:7,26; 54:5,8; 59:20;
60:16; 63:16; .50:34).
2. Padah, , , :
) , .13:13,14 .18:15-17
) , .48:8,9,16
) , .129:7,8
358

. :
1. : , ,

)
)
) (. .129:8)
2. , :
) , (. .7:8)
) (. .19:25-27; 33:28)
3. - . gaal
(.. goel).
4. :
)
)
)
;
, !
II.
. .
1. Agoraz (. 1.6:20; 7:23; 2.2:1; .5:9; 14:34). ,
- . ,
, .
.
2. Exagoraz (. .3:13; 4:5; .5:16; .4:5). .
.
, (.. ),
. (.
.21:23) !
, !
3. Lu, , :
) Lutron, (. .20:28; .10:45). ,
,
, ,
(. .1:29).
) Lutro, :
(1) , .24:21
(2) , , .2:14
(3) , 1.1:18-19
) Lutrsis, , , :
(1) , .1:68
(2) , .2:38
(3) , .9:12
4. Apolutrsis:
) (. .3:19-21)
(1) , 21:28
(2) , 8:23
(3) , 1:14; 4:30
(4) , 9:15
359

)
(1) , 3:24
(2) 1 , 1:30
(3) , 1:7
(4) , 1:14
5. Antilutron (. 1.2:6). ( .2:14),
. ,
; , (. .1:29; 3:16-17; 4:42;
1.2:4; 4:10; .2:11; 2.3:9; 1.2:2; 4:14).
. :
1. (. .8:34; .3:10-18; 6:23).
2.
(. .3) (. .5-7). ,
, (. .2:14).
3. , , (. .1:29; 2.5:21).
, (. .6).
4. , ,
,
( ).
(.., , , , , ).
5. , (
),
.
, ,
!
6. (. .8:23; .1:14; 4:30),
, ,
.
29:24 9-12,14.
, ,
! , 6:9-10!

NASB

NKJV, NRSV,
LXX, Peshitta
(NASB, . 24 ) ruah (BDB
924) (. .28:3; .34:9; 1.28:12;
.20:3; .20:32). , , ,
!

360

 , 30

NASB

NKJV

NRSV

30:1-5
(1-5)

30:1-5
(1-5)

30:1-7
(1-5)

30:6-17
(6-11)

30:6-7
(6-7)

(12-14)

30:8-11
(8-11)
30:12-17
(12-14)

(6-7)

30:8-17
(8-14)

TEV

NJB

30:1-5

30:6-7

30:1-5
(1-5)

30:6-7

30:8-11

30:8-17
(8-11)

30:12-14
(12-14)
30:15-18

(15-17)

30:18
(18)
30:19-22
30:23-33
(27-33)

(15-17)

30:18-22
(18)
(19-22)
30:23-26
(23-26)

30:27-33
(27-28)

(15-17)

30:18
(18)
30:19-22

(15-17)



30:19-26

30:18
(18)
30:19-26
(19-26)

30:23-26

30:27-28
(27-28)
30:29-33

30:27-29

30:27-33
(27-33)

(29-33)
30:30-33

( . 24)

, , , ,
.
, .
, .
.
. .
.
361

 , ,
. , .
1. .
2. .
3. .
4. .

. , II 705 . ..
, .
.
. , , XXV .
/ , ,

.
. (.., 28-33) ,
:
1. , 28
2. , 29:1-14
3. , , , 29:15-24
4. , , 30
5. , , 31-32
6. , 33

: .30:1-5
1
, ,
, ,
, ,
:
2
,
,

.
3
,
;
362

4
5

,
.
- , ;
, , .

30:1 . 18:1.
(NASB )
:
1. (.., , , . .9:4-5)
2. (BDB 710, KB 770, Qal- ), .
1:23, (. ), .
65:2. (. .4:16). .77:8
(BDB 598) (. .1:26,43; 9:7,23,24; 21:18,20; 31:27).
.
!
, ,
:
1. , ,
(. 29:15)
2. (. ) (. 20:5; 31:3; 36:9),
( , , . 28:14-22;
29:15-16).

NASB, NRSV

NASB margin

NKJV

TEV

NJB

REB

LXX

Peshitta

:
1. , , BDB 650 I Qal
) , , .29:10
) , , .30:1; .9:4
) , .40:19; 44:10
2. , , BDB 651 II , , .25:7, REB
(.32:38)
, ,
(. .57:6).
30:2 (NASB ) -,
(. 8:19), (.
, . .4:16; ..9:14).
363

 (BDB 731, KB 797 BDB 340, KB 337,

Qal- ) ,
.

: ,

.
:
1. , , .16:3; 30:2-3; .4:20
2. / , .120:5; .49:2; 51:16
3. , .19:8 (NASB )
4. , .13:21-22; 14:19,20,24;
.4:6; 25:4-5; 32:1-2
5. , .16:8; 35:8; 56:2; 60:5; 62:8; 90:1,4 (
.32:10-11; .2:12; .31:5; .23:37; .13:34)
6. , .9:15; .17:23; 31:6,17; .4:12; .14:7
30:3 (. . 3,5,7; 20:5-6; 36:6).
,
! (. .2:13; 42:18-22)!
30:4 ,
. NASB , , ,
(. 19:11), ,
, .
XXV
. ,
.
:
1. (. .13:23; .77:12,43; .19:11)
2. ( LXX ), , ,
(. .2:16; 43:7,8,9; 44:1; 46:14),
. ,
.
30:5
NASB, NKJV

NRSV

TEV

NJB

(.., )
(, BDB 101, KB 116, Hiphil-;
[BDB 102] ). (, .. )
(, BDB 92, KB 107, Hiphil-; 50:2,
34:3).
364

 : .30:6-17
6
, ,
,
, ;


, .
7
;
:
.
8
, ,
,
,
, .
9
, ,
,
,
10
: " ",
: " ,
,
;
11
, ;
."
12
:
,
, :
13
,
,
,
, .
14
, ,
,
,

;
15
, :
, ;
;

16
: ", ",
;
" ",
.
17
,

,
.
365

30:6-7 , ,
, (.., . 6,),
(. 6,) (.., , BDB
923, . 27:1).
NASB ,
,
(. 997; [Bible
Background Commentary] . IVP, . 621).
NIDOTTE, . 3, . 87, ,
. , , (..
).
, :
1.
2.
3.
, ,

30:6 (BDB 96), ,
(BDB 616; . ):
1. , BDB 522
2. , BDB 539 I
3. , BDB 821
4. , BDB 977 I Polel- (BDB 733, KB 800),
. 14:29
5. , BDB 747
6. , BDB 168
, . 1-4, , . 5-6
, .
30:7
NASB
, (. )
NKJV
-- ( , )
NRSV
,
TEV
:
NJB
-
, (.. , BDB 923, KB 1193, .
51:9) ,
. () !
30:8 : (1)
, , ,
(. 8:1; .2:2); (2)
, ,
.
:
1. , BDB 97, KB 112, Qal-
2. , BDB 507, KB 503, Qal-
3. , BDB 349, KB 347, Qal-
4. , BDB 224, KB 243, Qal-
366

 (BDB 723 I) (BDB 761, . NKJV, NJB, LXX,

Peshitta), , , , (.., ,
olam). ( )
.
.
30:9 , ,
,
. . 1; 1:2-3; 6:9-10; 29:9-12.
(BDB 1033, KB 1570, Qal- )
, (.., .4:1; 6:4).

(. .29:4). ,
.
, (. .3).
(. .31:31-34; .36:22-38). ,
,
. (.
.11:29; .6:46).
30:10-11 ,
! :
1.
) , BDB 906, KB 1157, Qal-
) , BDB 906, KB 1157, Qal-
2.
) , BDB 302
) , BDB 302, KB 301, Qal-
3. , BDB 180, KB 210, Piel-
4. , BDB 302, KB 301, Qal-; (BDB
1122) ; ,
!
5. (. ), BDB 693, KB 747, Qal-
6. , BDB 639, KB 692, Hiphil-
7. (.
), BDB 991, KB 1407, Hiphil-
! ,
. !
30:10 (BDB 909)
, (BDB 906).

: ( )

1. Roeh = , , 1.9:9.
Nabi. roeh ,
, . , ,
367

2.

3.

4.
5.
6.

, ,
.
Hozeh = , , 2.24:11. ,
Roeh. , , .
(
, , ).
Nabi = , , Nabu = , ;
Nabaa = , .
( 300 ).
, ,
. ,
,
(. .4:10-16; 7:1; .5:5). ,
(. .3:8; .1:7,17; .3:4.)
, , 1.29:29;
Roeh; Nabi Hozeh.
ish ha elohim, ,
, / .
76 .
. :
) pro, , ; ; , ,
) phemi, , ; .

30:12 (NASB ) (BDB 105, KB 120, Qal) :

1. , . 12:2; 26:3,4; 36:7,15; 37:10; 50:10 ( )
2. -
) 30:12, (. )
) 31:1,
) 36:6,9,
) 42:17,
) 47:10,
) 59:4, (. )
3. , 36:5,6,9
(BDB 1043, KB 1612, Niphal-)
(. 2.13:18; 14:11; 16:7,8). Niphal
(. 10:20 []; 31:1; 50:10).
(. .18:4).
30:13-14 ,
: (1) (2) .
30:15 :
1. ( )
2. , . . 11,12
! (. 1:1.)
!
368

 , (NASB
) 15-17 . 15
(. .117:6-9), 16-17 .
(BDB 446, KB 448, Niphal-)
:
1. (. , ), BDB 1000, KB 1435;
. .2:8,
. , , ,
.
2. , BDB 629 I, KB 692 II, , , ,
) .17:16; .6:5, ( )
) .29:9,
) .30:15, , .2:8, #1

, ,
, ! ,
- .
(. 15).
,
:
1. , .
2. , .
3. , BDB 1052, KB 1641, Hiphil- , . 7:4; 32:17
4. , BDB 105, . 32:17
,
[NASB ] ;
[NASB ] 7:4.
! !
30:16
, , (. 2:6-7; 31:1). ,
, ,
.
30:17 (. .26:8;
.32:30; ..23:10). . ,
, .

: .30:18
18
, ,
, ;
:
!

369

30:18 , (NASB
) ( ),
:
1.
) (. ), BDB 314, KB 313, Piel-
) , BDB 335, KB 334, Qal-
2. ,
) (. ), BDB 926, KB 1202, Qal-
) , BDB 933, KB 1216, Piel-
. (BDB 80)
, (. , , #1 ,
Qal- , . 25:9; 26:8; 33:2; .32:20) .
,
(. 48:9-11; .11:8-11), .

: .30:19-22
19
; ,
, , , . 20
; ,
; 21 , : "
, ", .
22

; , ; : .

30:19-22 , :
1. (. )
: Qal- Qal-
(BDB 113, KB 129);
25:8; 60:20; 61:1-3
2. (. )
Qal- Qal (BDB 335, KB 334; . . 18)
3. BDB 1033, KB 1570, Qal-
4. BDB 772, KB 851, Qal-, . 58:9; 65:24 (..,
, )
5. (NASB , ,
) BDB 489, KB 486, Niphal-.
. (NKJV). NASB
, , ,
.
6. (. ) BDB
906, KB 1157, Qal-
7. BDB 1033, KB 1570, Qal-.
6:9-10,
, .29:4. (BDB 182), ,
370

 ,
:
) , BDB 202 (.., , . 35:8-9; 42:16; .24:8-9)
) , BDB 229, KB 246, Qal- (. .26:3; .8:6; 10:12; 11:22;
28:9; 3.6:12; 8:36,61; 2.6:16,27; .10:29; .2:3; .6:16; 44:10,23; .5:6-7;
11:20; 18:17; 20:13,16,19,21; 33:15; 37:24; .9:10; .4:2)
) ( , )
8. :
) , BDB 379, KB 375, Piel-
) , BDB 279, KB 280, Qal-
) : !, BDB 422, KB 425, Qal-
, ,
, . ,
, !
30:20 :
1.
2. ()
3. (.. , )
:
1. ( , TEV, . 45:15, ,
[. ], )
2. ( )
3. / (.., ,
. .73:9)
(, BDB 435)

1. ,
[Analytical Key to the Old Testament by John Joseph Owens], . 4, . 90, . NASB,
JPSOA, NRSV, ASV
2. ,
[Benjamin Davidson, Analytical Hebrew and Chaldee
Lexicon of the Old Testament], . 475, . NKJV, REB
(NIDOTTE, . 2, . 538).
30:22
NASB

NKJV
-
NRSV

NJB
-
Peshitta

(BDB 188), ,
(. .15:33; 20:18).
,
. ,
/, (. 64:6).
LXX (REB) , (BDB 422, KB 425),
, , ,
.
371

 : .30:23-26
23
, , , ,
; . 24
, , , . 25
, ,
, . 26 , ,
, , ,
.

30:23-26 , ,
, ,
(. .26 .27-28):
1. , . 23,25, . 35:6,7; 41:18; 43:19,20
2. , . 23
) (BDB 206)
) (BDB 1032)
3. , . 23, . 32:20
4. , . 24 ( BDB 330 )
5. , . 25 ( ;
)
6. , . 26, . 60:20-21 (
, , .. . 27)
30:26 (. 11:6-9; .8:18-22)
:
1. , , . 25
2. , , . 26
3. , (NASB ), . 26
(NASB , )
, (., .32:39; 1.2:6; 4.5:7; .5:18; .45:7; .1:10; 24:6; 31:28;
.6:1; .3:6),
. , (..,
) .
,
, , . ,
.
!

: .30:27-33
27
, ,
, ,
,
, ,
28
, ,
,
372

29

30

31
32

33

;
, .
, ,
,
, .


,
.
,
.
,
,
,
.
;
,
;
;
, , .

30:27-33
(. .19:16 .; .5:4-5; .17:8 .; 49:3-5; .3:3-4):
1. . 27, 30a-c, 33e
2. . 28, 30d
3. . 29
4. , . 31-33
30:27
NASB
(. )
NKJV
-
NRSV

NJB

, BDB 457, KB 451 BDB 673, .
:
1.
2. ,
3. ,
4. ,
(, BDB 673, KB 640)
. BDB , ,
( ). , , ,
, .20:38-40, . 38
. 30:27
, :
1. , , (.., )
2.
373

30:28
8:8 . ,
.
30:29 ,
, , . (.
) (. 17:10; .32:4,18,30; 1.2:2; .17:3,32,47; 27:1;
30:4; 41:10).
30:30 (BDB 217) .
(.,
, .1). (. .45:23; 55:11;
.24:35). (. .4:12), (.
.49:2; .1:16; 2:12,16; 19:15), , ,
.11:4.
(..10:11)
(. ..10:14,42; 23:3,10).
30:31
NASB, TEV,
NJB
(. )
NKJV

NRSV

JB

LXX, Peshitta

(BDB 369, KB 365, Qal-)
, ,
(. 7:8; 8:9
[]; 9:4; 20:5; 30:31; 31:4,9; 37:27; 51:6,7).
. , , , ,
( , . 10:5).
.10:5 ,
, .
!
30:32 , /
. , (. 32,) :
1.
2. (. . 32)
30:33 , (BDB 1075).
.
:
1. ,
2. , (. 31:9)
3. , (. .18:21)
2.
374

 , 31

NASB

,
31:1-3
(1-3)
31:4-5
(4-5)
31:6-9
(6-9)

NKJV


31:1-3
(1-3)

31:4-5
(4-5)
31:6-9
(6-9)

NRSV

31:1-3
(1-3)

31:4-9
(4-5)

TEV

31:1-3

NJB

31:1-3
(1-3)

31:4-5

31:4-9
(4-9)

31:6-9
(6-9)

( . 24)

, , , ,
.
, .
, .
.
. .
.
, ,
. , .
1. .
2. .
3. .
4. .

. 31-32 ,
, 29:15-30:33.
, , 701 . ..

, .
375

. Anchor Bible ,
(. 426):
, ,

28:14-15
28:16-17
29:1-4
29:5-8
29:15-16
29:17-21
30:1-17
30:29-33
31:1-3
31:4-5, 8-9

: .31:1-3
1
, ,

, ,
, ,
!
2
; ,
;

.
3
, ;
, .
,
,
,
.

31:1 , 28:1;
29:1,15; 30:1; 31:1; 33:1. . .
5:8.

, (BDB 105, KB 120, . , , ,
22:23) - ,
, (. 2834).
. .
, ,
. , ,
, ,
.
376

 (. 3.10:29),
, ,
.
(. 1:4).
, ,
.
, (. .3:14). .
1:1.
Qal, , :
1. (. ),BDB 1043, KB 1609, . 17:7,8
2. (NASB ), BDB 205, KB 233, . 9:13; 55:6; 58:2; 65:10
(. .9:13).
31:2 ; NET
,
. , , ,
.
- ,
(. .45:23; 55:11; .44:29).
(BDB 877, KB 1086, Qal-)
, ,
(. 14:22) (.
.7:9). . () 6:1.
(..,
, . 3) (.., , , . 3).
31:3
(). .14:26-31a.
() . (. .4:24).
(),
(. 3.8:27; .23:24). ,
(.., .66:1-2).
,
. . () 6:1.
(BDB 477, KB 476, Qal-)
(. 1:28; 16:4; 29:20). , ,
, !
(. .40:6-8; .89:6-7; 102:15; 103:14;
.1:10-11; 1.1:24).
377

 : .31:4-5
4
:
, , ,
,
,
.
5
, ,
,
.
31:4 ,
(.. ). ,
(31:1-3).
(BDB 432, KB 434, Qal-)
, , . ,
:
1. , .11:5,7; 18:21
2. , .3:8; 19:11,18,20; .11:17,25; 12:5 ( ,
.34:5,6-7; .9:13,17)
3. , .1:3 ( #1)
4. , 2.22:10; .17:10; 143:5
(..,
), ,
(. .1:2,9).
(. 1, ; NASB ), ,
, .
! ,

(. .26:18; .3:11-12; 5:5-6,7-8).
31:5 -
( [. ], BDB 170, KB 199, Hiphil- Qal , ).
(. .1:2; .32:11;
.40:31; .11:4; .23:37; .13:24).
5 ,
:
1. (. ), BDB 170, KB 199, Hiphil-
2. , BDB 170, KB 199, Qal-
3. , BDB 664, KB 717, Hiphil-
4. , BDB 820, KB 947, Qal-
5. , BDB 572, KB 589, Hiphil-
(BDB 820, KB 947, Qal- , . .12:1127) . ,
, , ,
.
378

 : .31:6-9
6
, , ! 7
,
.
8
,
,
,
.
9
;
,
, .

31:6 shub (BDB 996, KB 1427, Qal-) , .

:
1. / , .14:43; ..22:16,18,23,29; .2:19; 8:33; 1.15:11;
3.9:6; .3:19; 8:4
2. / , 3.8:33,48; 2.15:4; 30:9; .50:15; 114:7; .6:10; 10:21,22;
31:6; .3:7,12,14,22; 4:1; 5:3; .3:5; 5:4; 6:1; 7:10,16; 11:5; 14:1,2; .4:6,8,9,10,11 (.
.7 .4)
3. , /
(. 6:10), , ,
/ .
,
. .

. ,
! ,
.3. ,
(.1:26-27), , !
!
, , ,
, , , .
, .
, , , .
.1:15; .3:16 19; 20:21,
1.1:9; .2 3. (. .13:3)! .
6:10.
:
1. , BDB 770, KB 847, Hiphil-, 30:33
/ ; ,
.5:2; 9:9;
(. 29:15)
2. , BDB 694, , . .13:5; .1:5; 31:6; .
28:16; 29:32
379

 :
1.
2. , ,
3.
3.
31:7 ,
(.
17:8) . .
, , , , .
31:8 ,
(. .10:5),
(. 10:12; 14:15; 30:31-33; 37:7). ,
612 . ..
36 37 ,
.
(
), 37:36.
(NASB )
:
1.
2.
3.
(. .1:1).
. ,
.
31:9
, (NASB ) (
, . .32:31,37) (.., ),
(BDB 651, . .13:2; .50:2; 51:12,27) .
(
30:33 ), ,
(. , 29:1,2,7, ).

380


, , , ,
.
, .
, .
.
.
, - .
1. 31
?
2. ,
?
3. ?
4. . , --,
? :
?
5. , ?

381

 , 32

NASB

32:1-8
(1-8)

NKJV

32:1-8
(1-4)

NRSV

32:1-8
(1-8)

TEV

32:1-8

32:9-20
(9-20)

32:9-15
(9-11)

32:9-14
(9-14)

32:9-14

(12-15)

32:16-20
(16-19)

32:1-5
(1-5)

(5-8)

NJB

32:15-20
(15-20)

32:6-8
(6-8)

32:9-14
(9)
(10)
(11)
(12-13)
(14)

32:15-20

32:15-20
(15-17)
(18-20)

(20)

( . 24)

, , , ,
.
, .
, .
.
. .
.
, ,
. , .
1. .
2. .
3. .
4. .
382


. 31-32 ,
(28:1; 29:1,15; 30:1; 31:1; 33:1), XXV .
. , .
/ ,
.
. (. . 1; 9:6-7; 11:1-5; .5:2-5a). ,
. ,
37:14-20,30.

: .32:1-8
1
, ,
;
2

,
,
.
3
,
.
4
;
.
5
,
, .
6
,
,
,

.
7
:
,
,
.
8

, .
32:1 1-8 , /
/ (. 9:6-7; 11:1-5; 16:5; .5:2-5a). , , (,
7:14-15), (
, . 7:14, .1:23).
383

32:2 , ,
:
1. (BDB 285; NASB . )
2. (BDB 712) ( #1)
3. (NASB )
4. (BDB 853)
25:4 .
, , (.., , ,
BDB 979, KB 1362, Qal-).
(BDB 224, KB 243 Qal-)
. 1, , .31:31-34.
32:3-4 ,
6:9-10 (. .29:4):
1.
2.
3.
4. ( [NASB ], BDB
748, )
32:5-8 ,
, (. 6-7). ,
6-7 , . 8 ,
:
1. (NASB ; BDB 614), . 6
)
)
(1)
(2)
)
)
2. (NASB ; BDB 647, , ),
. 7
)
)
)
)
3. , (BDB 622), . 8
) ( ) , ,
. 6 7
) ,

: .32:9-20
9
! ,
;
!
.
384

10

11

12
13
14

15

16
17
18
19
20

,
, !
,
.
, !
, !
, .
, .
,
;
; ;
, ,
,
,
,
.
,
.
,
.

, .
,
.
,
.

32:9-12 (.
3:16-4:1). , :
1. , , . 9, BDB 877, KB 1086, Qal-.
, ,
,
, , ( )
2. , . 9, BDB 1033, KB 1570, Qal-
3. , . 9, BDB 24, KB 27, Hiphil- (. 28:23).
, ,
(. . 11) ,
. 10,11
4. , (NASB ), . 10, BDB 919, KB 1182, Qal. , , , ,
, .
. 10:
)
)
)

385

5.

, . 11, BDB 353, KB 350, Qal-, . 10:29; 19:16; 41:5.

. 10 ( ,
. 11 , )
6. , . 11, BDB 919, KB 1182, Qal-, , . 10
7. , . 11, BDB 832 II, KB 980, Qal-. (1)
(. .26:16) (2) (. .2:5).
8. , . 11, BDB 792, KB 889, Qal-
9. , . 11, BDB 291, KB 291, Qal-, . .
15:2-3.
10. , . 12, BDB 704, KB 763, Qal- ,
, .18:13; 23:48.
701 . ..
, .
32:9,10,11
NASB, NKJV,
NRSV

NJB

REB

LXX

JPSOA

(BDB 105, KB 120)
, ,
(BDB 105 II, KB 121), (NIDOTTE, . 1, . 649).
32:17 ,
(NASB, . ).
(NJB).
32:10 (,
) , -,
701 . ..
32:12 :
1. . 11,
2. ( , BDB 994, )
(BDB 961, , . 56:9), JPSOA.
, ,

.
3. , ,
()
32:13 (BDB 965) . 14
(. ).

1.
2.
3. .
386

 , . .
, ,
.
, , , .
,
. ,
. ,
!
. 24:10 26, . .
,
, -
(. 5:6; 7:23-25; 9:18; 10:17; 27:4; .3:18).
32:14 (. 6:11; 64:10),
, , ,
(. 1:8-9; 8:8; 29:1-8; 37:36-37).
(.., ),
,
(.., .27-28).
,
, .
!
, :
1. (. ) (.., )
2. (. ) (.., )
3. NASB,
NJB (BDB 779), - ,
( , ,
). 2.27:3; 33:14; .3:26-27; 11:21
4. (NASB );
,

5. (. )
6. , ;
, (.
13:21; 34:13)
:
1. , BDB 643, KB 695, Pual-, Pual
2. , BDB 736, KB 806, Qal- ( Pual) , . .49:25

NASB

NKJV

NRSV

NJB

(BDB 792) , /.
, -
387

1. ( ), ( )
2. , , , , . 11
3. , (NIDOTTE, . 2, . 1034)
olam.
,
.

(OLAM)

olam, ( BDB 761, KB 798) (NIDOTTE, . 3,

. 345). ( ).
:
1. ,
) , .6:4; 1.27:8; .5:15; 28:8
) /, .58:12; 61:4
) , .92:2; .8:23; .63:16
) , , , .49:26; .22:15; .23:7,9; .46:9
) , .32:7; .51:9; 63:9,11
2. /
) , .21:6; .15:17; 1.1:22; 27:12
) , 3.1:31; .60:8; .2:3
)
(1) , .78:69; 104:5; .1:4
(2) , .148:6
)
(1) .21:33
(2) .15:18
(3) .32:40
(4) .92:2
(5) .40:28
(6) .10:10
(7) .12:7
)
(1) .9:12,16; 17:7,13,19
(2) .31:16
(3) .24:8
(4) .18:19
(5) 2.23:5
(6) .104:10
(7) .24:5; 55:3; 61:8
(8) .32:40; 50:5
)
(1) 2.7:13,16,25,29; 22:51; 23:5
(2) 3.2:33,45; 9:5
(3) 2.13:5
(4) .17:51; 88:5,29,37,38
388

(5) .9:7; 16:5; 37:35; 55:3

)
(1) .44:3; 71:17; 88:36-37; 109:4
(2) .9:6
)
(1) .29:28; 30:21
(2) .6:18,22; 7:34; 10:15; 24:9
(3) .18:8,11,19
(4) .118:89,160
(5) .59:21
)
(1) 2.7:13,16,25; 22:51
(2) 3.9:5
(3) .17:51
(4) .40:8
)
(1) .13:15; 17:19; 48:4
(2) .32:13
(3) 1.16:17
)
(1) .12:14,17,24
(2) .23:14,21,41
(3) .10:8
)
(1) 3.8:13
(2) .60:8-9; 76:9; 89:3; 102:17-18; 144:13
(3) .26:4; 45:17
(4) .9:24
) ,
(1) , .29:13; 78:13
(2) , .40:13; 60:5,8
(3) , .51:10
(4) , .51:11
(5) , / , .60:9; 88:2
(6) , .74:8-10
(7) , .85:12; 144:2
(8) , .144:1
3. ( )
) .40:14 ( )
) .89:3 ( )
) .102:17-18 ( )
, .
(.., .7).

, .
.

389

32:15-20 , .
1. .
,
. (. .1:2;
.26:13; .103:29-30). ! ,
, .

:
(.., ruach) ,
, , ( ).
,
:
1. , (. .12:31; .3:29)
2. (. .12:12; .14:26)
3. (. .15:26)
4. (. .16:7-15)
5. , (.., hos, . .1:14)
6. , (. .4:30)
7. (. 1.5:19)
, ,
(. .2:32-33 .6:8):
1. , 28:19
2. 2 , 13:13
3. 1 , 1:2
:
1. , 15:28
2. , 8:26
3. 1 , 12:11
4. , 4:30
.
, .
. , .
.
, - ,
, , !
2. (. ), . 15.
. 12-13. . 29:17.
3. (. ) , . 16
4. , (. ) , . 17. ,
(. . 18).
5. 19 .
6. 20 , .
32:15
NASB, NKJV,
NIV
NRSV, JPSOA

390

TEV

NJB

REB

, ,
(.., , 11:2, , 44:3; 59:21; .2:28),
(BDB 924). , /
?
1.
2.
3. ,
1 3,
2.
. ,
: .44:3; .39:29; .2:28-29; .12:10; .2:1-21.
.53:12 .
, : (1)
, (2) , (3) , (4) , (5) , (6) (7)
.
, , (.
.16:19; 31:2; .33:5).
32:16 (NASB ) (. 1.8:15; 3.10:9; 1.18:14; 2.9:8; .98:4; .9:7; 32:16;
33:5; 59:14; .4:2; 9:24; 22:3,15; 23:5; 33:15; .18:5,19, 21,27; 33:14,16,19; 45:9; .5:7,24).
(. . 17-18), ,
. ,
.
32:17 . .

()

(BDB 1022, KB 1532) .

A. :
1.
2.
3.
. ():
1.
2.
. :
1.
2.
. :
1. ,
2. /
3.
391

4.
. :
1. , ,
2. ,
3. , ,
4. ,
, .
(..,
). ,
.
(BDB 1052 BDB 105)
30:15, , , (. .
1,16).
32:19 , ,
. , .
10:18-19,33,34, 24:10; 25:2,3; 26:5.

NASB

NKJV

NRSV

TEV
( )
NJB

LXX

Peshitta

REB

JPSOA

: ( ) , BDB
135, , . 28:2,17.
REB ,
(BDB 135).
NJB JPSOA
, :
1. Qal-
2. Qal- ,
()
32:20 . ,
:
, ,
.

392

 , 33

NASB

33:1-12
(1-12)

NKJV

33:1-4
(1)

NRSV

33:1-24
(1)

TEV

NJB

33:1

33:1-16
(1-5)

33:2-4
(2-4)
33:5-9
(5-6)

(2-6)
33:5-6
(6)
33:7-9

(7-9)
,

33:10-13
(10-13)
33:13-16
(13-16)

33:17-24
(17-24)

(7-12)

(7-16)

33:10-13

(13-16)
33:14-16
(14-16)

33:17-24
(17-19)
(20-23a)

33:14-16

33:17-24
(17-22)

33:17-24
(17-20)
(21-24)

(23-24)

(23a)
(23-24)

( . 24)

, , , ,
.
, .
, .
.
. .
.
, ,
. , .
1. .
2. .
3. .
4. .
393


. (
).
:
1. , . 1
2. , . 2
3. , , . 7
4. , , . 7
5. , . 8
6. , . 12
7. , , . 13
8. , , . 13
9. , . 14
10. , (. ), . 15
11. , , . 16
12. , . 18-20
13. (. ), . 23
14. , . 24

.
. , /
:
1. , . 2
2. /, . 5,10
3. (. ; . ), . 6
4. , , . 6
5. (), . 6
6. , . 17
7. , . 21
8. , . 22
. , ,
DSS ,
39.
. / :
1. , , . 1
2. , . 2
3. , . 3-6,10-12
4. , . 7-9
5. , . 13-16
6. , . 17-20
7. , . 21-24

394


: .33:1-12
1
, ,
,
, !
, ;
, .
2
! ; ;

.
3
;
, ,
4
, ;
, .
5
, ;
.
6
,
, ;
.
7
, ;
.
8
; ;
, ,
.
9
, ;
, ;
,
.
10
, ,
, .
11
, ;
, .
12
, ,
, .

33:1 28-33 ,
(.
28:1; 29:1,15; 30:1; 31:1; 33:1). . 5:8.
(NASB ) 1 ,
3,4,7-9,11-12,17-19,23; . 21 ,
.
:
1.
2.
395

3. ( )
4. , (. 32:1)
, (. ; BDB 994, KB 1418, , Qal- , Qal- )
(. , ; . ; BDB 93, KB 108, , Qal , Qal-),
21:2 . ,
. , ,
/, ,
.
, ,
, !
33:2 :
1. , BDB 335, KB 334, Qal-, . 30:18,19
2. , BDB 875 I, KB 1082, Piel-, . 8:17; 25:9; 26:8; 40:31; 49:23;
51:5; 60:9
3. (. ) , BDB 224, KB 243, Qal-
4. ( )
(. 59:16; 63:1,5). ( ),
( ), .
, .
, , !
(NASB ) (BDB 283).
,
.
(BDB 447)
// (. 12:2 [], 3; 25:9; 26:1,18; 33:6).

()

(BDB 447) :
1. , , , , , .30:15
2. , ,
) .49:18
) .32:15
) .3:3,9; 21:2; 34:3; 61:3; 68:30; 69:6; 77:22; 79:4; 88:27; 90:16; 105:4; 139:8
) .12:2; 33:2; 51:6,8; 52:7,10; 56:1; 59:11; 60:18; 62:1
3. .2:9-10
4. , 1.2:1; .25:9; 26:1; .9:15;
12:6; 34:9

, .
, , !

396

33:4 (BDB 1021) ,

.
(BDB 62, KB 74, Pual-) 32:10
. 24:22 ( )
. , , ,
. :
1. /, .13:48; 24:31
2. /, .13:40-41
.
(. .28:38,42; .1:4; 2:25; .7:1-2).
, ! ,
.
, ,
, (1) , (2) .
33:5 / (. 32:15;
.16:19; 31:2). ,
, . , , , , , .
, ,
. , .
, , ,
. ,
.. , .
, !
,
.
(NASB ) . 32:16.
33:6
NASB, NKJV,
NRSV

(.
)
NJB

Peshitta

REB

, . , , BDB 53, . 25:1.
(. .32:4; .35:6; 87:12; 88:2-3,6,25,34,50; 91:3;
142:1). . 2.
:
1. (BDB 340)
) (BDB 447)
) (BDB 315 , . 11:2)
) (BDB 395, . 11:2)
2. (BDB 432, , . 11:2; .1:7,29; 2:5)
(BDB 69, , . 1.27:27-28;
2.11:11)
397

33:7-9 ,
(. 4.18:13-16).
33:7 .
[Robert Lowth],
.
. ,
( ,
. [Adele Berlin, The Dynamics of Biblical
Parallelism: Revised and Expanded], . 64).
:
1.
2. , (. . 8)
/ :
, BDB 858
, BDB 113
,
, ,
.
(NASB )
(NJB, . 29:1,2,7; 31:9).

33:8
NASB, NKJV,
Peshitta

NRSV, DSS

TEV

NJB, RSV

REB

(, BDB 746), , ,
(, BDB 729).
.
UBS (..,
).
33:9 ,
701 . ..
(. 16:8; 24:4,7).
(. .27-28).
, .
.
, , !
33:10-12 , , . 1.

398

33:11-12 //
(. 1:7; 5:24; 9:18-19; 10:16-19; 26:11; 29:6; 30:27-28; 33:11-14; 47:14,
.2:3). . 1:31.
, :
1. , BDB 247 I, KB 255, Qal-, 8:3; 26:18; 59:4,13
2. , 9:6; 13:8; 21:3; 23:4; 26:17,18; 39:7; 51:18; 54:1; 59:4; 66:7,9
(NASB ) ruah (BDB 924)
, ,
(. ()
6:1). , (. .15:18;
2.22:16; .17:16) (. 11:4; 30:28; 40:7).

: .33:13-16
13
, , ;
, , .
14
;
:
" ?
?"
15
, ;
,
,
, ,
, ;
16
;
;
;
.

33:13 ,
, , ,
(. .9:7). , ,
(. 49:1; , .
.25:26).
33:14
() () .
1. , BDB 808, KB 922, Qal-, . 2:10,19,21;
24:17,18; 12:2; 19:16,17; 44:8,11; 51:13
2. , BDB 28, KB 31, Qal-, . 13:8; 21:3
32:6 (BDB 338) ,
(. 9:17; 10:6).

399

 ?
? ,
, (. .4:24; 5:24; .30:27,30).
(NASB ) . /
/ (Olam) 32:14.
33:15
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.

, :
(NASB )
(NASB )
(NASB )

(.., )

33:16 , , . 15
1.
2.
3.
4.
. !

: .33:17-24
17
,
;
18
:
" ?
[?]
?"
19
,
, ,
, .
20
, ;
, ,
;
,
.
21

, ;
,
.
22
,
,
;
.
23
,

.
400

24

,
.
: " ";
, , .

33:17 (BDB 302, KB 301)

, (. 26:11; 33:17,20; 48:6;
.23:8-9; .45:9; 62:3). ,
:
1. (.., nephesh, )
2. (.., ruah, )
, .3, !
,
32:1, , 7:14.
33:18 ? (NASB , )
, .
33:19 (. 28:11).
33:20 , : (. .36-37).
. 24:10
26, . . ,
.
(. ) ,
. ,
. (.., ) 54:2
.
33:21
(. . 23). , ()
(. . 22).
33:22 (. . 20) ( ),
( ).
33:23 . :
1.
2.
3. ,
17 . 18,
,
. 19, ,
. , 20 ,
. , 21 22
, . 24 .
401

 , (BDB 1021) . 23
, 701 . ..,
, 612 . ..
33:24 . 1,
(. 1:5-6). ,
(. .40:5; 102:3; .53:5).
(. .5:14; .5:14-15).
/ (.
33:2).

, , , ,
.
, .
, .
.
.
, - .
1.
2.
3.
4.

32 33 28-31?
: ?
, 32:15-18.
33:7-9.

402

 , 34

NASB


34:1-15
(1-15)

NKJV

34:1-4
(1-4)
34:5-7
(5-7)
34:8-15
(8-12)

NRSV


34:1-17
(1-4)

TEV

34:1-4

NJB

34:1-17
(1-4)

34:5-8
(5-7)

(5-8)

(8-17)
34:9-15
(9-11)
(12-17)

34:16-17
(16a-17)

(13-15)
34:16-17
(16-17)

34:16-17

( . 24)

, , , ,
.
, .
, .
.
. .
.
, ,
. , .
1. .
2. .
3. .
4. .

403


. 34 35 24-27.
, ,

.
1. 34 .
2. 35 ,
.
. , ,
33 34 , ,
( 34-35 38-39) ,
40-66 ( ). 35 ,
. ,
(.3)
.

: .34:1-15
1
, , , !
, , !
2
,
.
,
.
3
,
,
.
4
;
, ;
,
,
.
5
:
,
, .
6
,
, ,
:

.
7

,
,
.
404

,
.
9
,
,
:
10
, ;
;
;
;
11
;
;

.
12
,
,
.
13
,
;
,
.
14
,
;

.
15
,
;

.

34:1 :
1. , BDB 897 I, KB 1132, Qal-
2. , BDB 904, KB 1151, Hiphil-
3. , BDB 1033, KB 1570, Qal-
:
1. , BDB 156, . . 2; 43:9
2. , BDB 522, . 17:12; 43:9
3. , BDB 75, . 37:16,20; .18:18; 22:18; .1:2
4. , , BDB 571, . 6:3
5. , BDB 385, . 13:11; 24:4
6. , BDB 481 BDB 425
, , ,
.
34:2 ,
, (.
; BDB 355 I, KB 353, Hiphil-),
.
405

 (.., , . ..6:16,17
[]; 7:1 [], 12 [], 13 [], 15).
34:3 2
:
1. , BDB 1020, KB 1527, Hophal-
2. , BDB 748, KB 828, Qal-, . .4:10
3. (. ) , BDB 587, KB 606, Niphal-
,
.
/, .
.
, .
34:4 , ,
:
1. .13:13; 34:4; 51:6
2. .32:7,8
3. .2:31
4. .24:29
5. 2.3:10
6. .6:12-14; 20:11
:
1. (, , , , ..),
2. (. 24:21-22; ..5:14-15, .32:8
LXX .10)
.
, ! ,
, !
, .6:14.
(1)
, (. .40:22), (2) (.
.103:2). (. .21:1).

NASB, NRSV
(. )
NKJV, TEV

(BDB 615, KB 663) :

1. Qal-
2. Qal-
3. Qal-
, 24-27 (. 24:4 []).
, . ,
/,
(. .3:17-19; .8:19-22).

406

34:5
, .25:10-12. (
) , .
34:6-7 (. BDB 830, f, . .50:27; 51:40; .39:17-20):
1. , . 6
2. , . 6
3. , . 7
, (. ;
BDB 910).
.32:41-42 .21:28-32.
34:6
NASB
(. )
NKJV

NRSV, REB,
LXX

NJB

(BDB 206, KB 234, Hothpael-)
. /. . 7
Pual-, (. ).

(, ).
, .
34:8 , ,
:
1.
2.
3.
-,
! ,
. . . . , 5,
[The Language and Imagery of the Bible by G. B. Caird, chapter 5, Hebrew
Idiom and Hebrew Thought], . 107-117. 1-2
. . . 1- [John H. Walton,
The Lost World of Genesis One].
, 1
2. ,
, ,
! , .
34:9 (BDB 278, 172, 278/128)
(.19:24). .
.49:17-18. (..,
).
407

34:10 , ,
(. 1:31; 13:20; 66:24).
, :
1. 2, ( BDB 761, . // (Olam) 32:14)
2. 4, ( BDB 664, . 2.2:26; .13:20; 25:8; 28:28; 33:20; 57:16)
.14:11 19:3.
, (1) 25:10-12; (2) , (3)
,
, , .
/ .
, :
[Plowshares and Pruning Hooks: Rethinking the Language of Biblical Prophecy and
Apocalyptic by D. Brent Sandy], . 98-101.
34:11-15 ( ).
, .11, .
(. 13:19-22).
: (1) ,
, ,
, (2) (. .12:43).
, NEB, ,
(. . 14):
1. NASB
(. )
NKJV

NRSV

TEV

NJB

REB

(BDB 972 III)

) (. 2.11:15)
) , , (. .17:7)
) (. .13:21)
2. NASB, TEV (. )
NKJV

NRSV, NJB
REB

(BDB 535) (
).
/ (KB 528).
. .

: ( )
A. . ,
, .
.
408

. , ( ).
(genii) , ( ),
.
1. :
2. :
3. : W. F. Albright, Archaeology and the Religion of Israel, Fifth Edition, pp.
67-92 [.. , , , . 67-92].
B. , ,
(. .8:10; 9:14; 15:11; . 4:35,39; 6:4; 33:26; .34:10; 70:19; 85:6; .46:9;
.10:6-7; .7:18). (Shedim, .
.32:17; .105:37), :
1. Se'im (, , . .17:7; 2.11:15)
2. Lilith (-, . .34:14)
3. Mavet ( , ,
, , . .28:15,18; .9:21; , .28:22)
4. Resheph (; . .33:29; .77:48; .3:5)
5. Dever (; . .90:5-6; .3:5)
6. Az'azel ( , , ,
, . .16:8,10,26)
[ Encyclopaedia Judaica, vol. 5, p. 1523 (
, . 5, . 1523)]
, .
(.1-3; .3), (. . . Davidson, A Theology of the Old
Testament, pp. 300-306 [.. , ]).
. (586538 . . X.),
,
[Mazda], [Ormazd],
[Ahriman]. ,
.

-, . 2, . XIII (. 749-863), XVI
(pp. 770-776) [Alfred Edersheim, The Life and Times of Jesus the Messiah, vol. 2, appendix XIII
(pp. 749-863), XVI (pp. 770-776)]. :
1. (Sammael)
2. (yetzer hara)
3.
: 1) ; 2) 3) (. 2, . 756).

.
. , , , ,
( , ).
, .
(
, . .4:36; 6:18; , . .7:21; 8:2) .
( )
. ,
. ,
, .
409

 .
,

.
. ; ; .
, .
. .
; ,
.
. (. .4:7). (.
1.5:18), .
(. .6:10-18).
.
( ); (
) (
). , .
!
34:11 (BDB 1062, . 24:10) (. ; BDB 96)
.1:2 . (..,
) (.., 13:9-11;
.4:23-26).

: .34:16-17
16
;
,
.
,
.
17
,
;
,
.

34:16 ,
1, .
( ) . 1 ,
( ):
1. , BDB 205, KB 233, Qal-
2. , BDB 894, KB 1128, Qal-
, .2,
!
(BDB 706) .
(. 29:11,12; 30:8). , ,
.7:10; 12:1 .20:4-15, :
410

1.
) .32:32
) .68:29
) .4:3
) .7:10; 12:1
) .10:20
) .4:3
) .12:23
) .3:5; 13:8; 17:8; 20:12,15; 21:27
2. /
) .55:9; 138:16
) .65:6
) .7:10
) .3:16
) .20:12-13
,
.
,
. , .
, (. 24:3; 25:8; 55:10-11).
(NASB ) . 11:2
32:15-20.
/ , 11-15.
34:17 (.., ),
..12-19. ,
!

411

 , 35

NASB

35:1-10
(1-10)

NKJV

35:1-7
(1-2)
(3-4)
(5-7)
35:8-10
(8-10)

NRSV

35:1-10
(1-2)
(3-4)
(5-7)
(8-10)

TEV

NJB

35:1-10
(1-2)
(3-4)
(5-7)

35:1-10
(1-7)

(8-10)

(8-10)

( . 24)

, , , ,
.
, .
, .
.
. .
.
, ,
. , .
1. .
2. .
3. .
4. .

. , , 34.
. : ?
1.
(.. )?
2. (..,
)?
3. (.., )?
4. ,
,
?
412


: .35:1-10
1
,

;
2

, ;
,
;
,
.
3
;
4
:
, ;
, ,
;
.
5
,
.
6
, ,
;
,
.
7
,
;
, ,
.
8
,
:
;
; ,
, .
9
,
;
,
.
10
,
;
;
,
.

35:1 (NASB )
(BDB 184, . .1:19-20).
413

 (NASB ) (BDB 851)

(. 41:18; 53:2; .2:20). ,
(. ).
(NASB ) (BDB 787)
(. 33:9).
. 1
:
1. , BDB 965, KB 1314, Qal- (, ),
61-66
2. , BDB 162, KB 189, Qal-, . . 2; 25:9; 61-66
, . .2:21,23
, (BDB 897, KB 965, Qal-), ,
( ).
(. 33:9; 44:23; 55:12; . NASB, .
1004). (.1-2) ; !
10 51:11.
(. 7:21-25; 27:6; 32:15; 41:8-19; 55:12-13).

NASB, NRSV,
Peshitta

NKJV, JPSOA

NJB, REB

JB

LXX

(TEV ).
, (BDB 287),
, . ,
! , ,
, UBS.
35:2
. (NASB )
Qal- Qal-
(BDB 827, KB 965), ,
, .
, .
35:3-6 :
1. (. ; . )
2. (. ; . )
3. , (. ; . )
4. (BDB 734)
5. (BDB 361)
6. (BDB 820)
7. (BDB 48)
414

 , :
1. #1 (NASB ; BDB 304, KB 302, Piel-)
2. #2 (NASB ; BDB 54, KB 65, Piel-)
3. #3
) (NASB ), BDB 304, KB 302, Qal-
) , BDB 431, KB 432, Qal-,
4. #4 , BDB 824, KB 959, Niphal-
5. #5 , , #4
6. #6 , , BDB 194, KB 222, Piel-
7. #7 , BDB 943, KB 1247, Qal-
, ,
(. .11:4-5; .7:20-22). !
35:4
1.
2.
3.

, :
, BDB 668, . 34:8; 59:17; 61:2; 63:4; .32:25; .50:28
, BDB 168, . 59:18 (); 66:6, . 65:6
, BDB 446, KB 448, Hiphil-, . 25:9; 33:22; 38:20; 45:17; 49:25; 59:1;
63:1,5,9; 64:5

35:6
1 2.
, (. . 7).
35:7 KJV (BDB 1072) .
, , ,
. ,
(1) , (2)
(. 34:11-15).
,
.

NASB
(. )
NKJV

NRSV

REB

, BDB 918, . NRSV
( . NIDOTTE, . 1, . 692-693).
.
(NASB )
,
, .
35:8 (NASB ) (. 26:7; 40:3-4; 42:13). ,
, . ,
, .4:5, .
415

 ,
, .
35:9 , , , (.
.11:6-9). ,
.26:22.

(. .13:13,15). , ,
.
(BDB 145 I, KB 169, Qal- ) . 9 (BDB 804, KB
911, Qal- ) . 10 51:11. .
/ 29:22.
35:10 (BDB 996, KB 1427, Qal-) , (.., , ).
( . 8) ( ,
, 40-66). ,
.
(.., ).
(
) , , ,
, .
:
1.
2.
3.
4. ,
)
)
5.
6.

olam (BDB 761). . // (Olam)
32:14.
. .25:8 .21:4.

416


, , , ,
.
, .
, .
.
.
, - .
1. , , , ,
. ,
?
2. : .
3.
?

417

 , 36

NASB

NKJV

NRSV

36:1-3
36:4-10

36:1-3
36:4-10

36:11-12

36:11-12

36:11-12

36:13-20
36:21-22

36:13-20
36:21-22

36:13-20
36:21-22

36:1-3
36:4-10

TEV

36:1-6
36:7-10
36:11
36:12
36:13-20
36:21-22

NJB

36:1-10

36:11-12
36:13-20
36:21-22

( . 24)

, , , ,
.
, .
, .
.
. .
.
, ,
. , .
1. .
2. .
3. .
4. .

(36-39)
. ( ,
, . 853) , 1-39
( ), , ,
40-66 ( ).
52 , ,
4.24:18-25:30.
418

. 4.18:13-20:19,
38:9-20; . 2- , 32.
. ,
( 36 37) ( 38 39).
.
,
4.18:14-16. ,
, .
.
. ,
, ,
, , , , (BDB 105, KB
120):
1. .36:4,5,6 (),7,9,15
2. 4.18:19,20,21 (), 22,24,30; 19:10
3. 2.32:10
, , ( ) , (, .
, , , 22:23)
,
.
!

: .36:1-3
1
, , ,
. 2
;
. 3 , ,
, , , , .

36:1
, ,
. 4.18:1 ,
729 715 . .., ,
(. . ,
[Gleason L. Archer, Encyclopedia of Bible Difficulties], .
207,211; . , [Edward J. Young, Book of Isaiah], . 540-542;
[The Expositors Bible Commentary], . 6, . 234; .
. , , . [J. A. Motyer, Tyndale OT
Commentaries], . 18, . 222).
419

 4 , . ,
:
1. 715-687 ..
2. .. 727-699 ..
3. ..
) 729-716/15 ..
) 716/15-687/86 ..
, , , ,
.
.
. , ,
, !
, ,
(NASB )
( 705-681 ..) ,
. ,
701 . ..
36:2 (BDB 913)
:
1. (NASB, NKJV)
2.
3. (Peshitta, NIV)
4. (NKJV )
5. (NJB)
, (JPSOA )
(. 4.18:17).
NIDOTTE, . 3, . 1029, :
1. , . 4.18:17
2. - , . 4.18:17
3. - , . 4.18:17
4. -
5. -
6. -
7. :
) . #1
) --
) - . #3
) - #6
8. rb swq
,
. -
, .

, (.7:3),
. , ,
420

 : ( , . 37:14-20,30)
( ).
36:3
.22:15 22:20-24
, .
, , ,
:
1.
) NASB, NKJV, (. )
) NRSV, TEV, JPSOA,
) REB,
) NJB,
2.
) NASB, NKJV, JPSOA,
) NRSV, NJB,
) REB, -
) TEV,
3.
) NASB, NKJV, NRSV, TEV, JPSOA, (. )
) REB,
) NJB,

: .36:4-10
4
: : , :
, ? 5 , ,
: , ? 6,
, , , ,
! , , . 7
: " , ", ,
: "
"? 8 , ;
; ? 9
, , ,
? 10 , ?
: .

36:4 ,
(. . 11-12)!
, (BDB 55, KB 65):
1. Qal-
2. Qal-
3. Qal-
,
36 37, ,
, , , , (BDB 105, KB 120, Qal421

, . 12:2; 26:3,4; 31:1; 32:9-11; 36:4,5,6 [],7,9,15; 37:10),

? ? ,
.
: ,
(.
36:4,5,7,10,15,18; 37:4,6,10,17,20 ., 23,29).
.3 , ,
, (. 37:20; 45:6; 2.32:7-8).
!
36:5
NASB, NJB

NKJV

NRSV

LXX

LXX (BDB 182 BDB 973).
, (. .14:23).
(NASB ) ,
(. 4.18:7),
, , -, ,
.
36:6 , ,
,

- . (. 30:1-5; 31:1-3).
36:7
(. 4.18:5).
, ,
(. 4.18:7).
, ,
, , ,
(. .12:2-5).
(. 4.18:4).
36:8 (NASB )
(BDB 786, KB 876, Hithpael-)
(. 4.18:23; .17:3; .118:122). :
( ).
, , (. .
6,9), !
!

. ,
, ,
, ,
.
422

36:9
NASB, TEV
(. )
NKJV, NRSV

NJB

REB, Peshitta

LXX

(BDB 808, . 4.18:24; . NIDOTTE, . 3, . 603)

, .
.
,
.
, ,
, ,
.
36:10 (NASB )
, (1) ,
(2) ! , ,
,
10:5-7.
, :
1. , , (BDB 116)
2.
, (.. )
.

: .36:11-12
11
: -,
, -, , . 12
:
? , , ,
.

36:11 -- (BDB 74)

, - -
(BDB 397, . 4.18:26,28; 2.32:18). ,

, .
36:12 ,
(.., ),
. , , ,
.

423

 : .36:13-20
13
, -, :
, ! 14 : ,
; 15 , : "
; ". 16 ,
: ,
,
, 17 , ,
, . 18 , :
" ". , ,
? 19 ? ?
? 20 ?
?

36:13-16 (
) :
1. , . 13 BDB 1033, KB 1570, Qal-
2. (. ), . 14 BDB
674, KB 728, Hiphil-, ,
. 37:10; , .3:13!
3. (.
), . 15 BDB 105, KB 120, Hiphil-,

4. , . 16 BDB 1033, KB 1570, Qal-,

5. , . 16 BDB 793, KB 889, Qal-
6. , . 16 BDB 422, KB 425, Qal-
7. , . 16 BDB 37, KB 46, Qal-
8. , . 16 BDB 1059, KB 1667, Qal-
36:17 , . 16
, ,
. , , . 17,
. , . ,
, . , ,
, !
36:18 , ,
. , !
, (BDB 664, KB 717) . 18-20 .
Hiphil-, Hiphil-.
36:19 (NASB )
1. () - ;
, II 720 . ..,
(. 4.17:24).
424

2. - ,
, 740 . .. III.
.
, .
II (722-705 . ..) (. 4.17:24).
(
, 722 . ..).
4.17:31 , ,
, .
,
. .
,
. - ,
, . -, -
, -
, , ,
(. 4.17:5,6,24).

: .36:21-22
21
, :
. 22 , , , ,
, , ,
.

36:22 .
15:2-3.

425

 , 37

NASB


37:1-4
37:5-7

37:8-13

37:14-20

37:21-29
(22-29)

NKJV

37:1-7

37:8-13

NRSV

37:1-4
37:5-7

37:8-13

TEV


37:1-4
37:5-7

37:8-13

NJB


37:1-4
37:5-7

37:8-9

37:9-13

37:14-20

37:21-29
(22)
(23-25)

37:14-20
37:21-29
(22)
(23-25)

37:14-20

37:14-20

37:21-25

37:21-29
(22-25)

37:26-27
(26-27)

(26-27)

(26-29)
37:28-29

37:30-32

37:33-35

37:36-38

(28-29)
37:30-32
(30-32)
37:33-35
(33-35)

37:36-38

(28-29)
37:30-32

37:30-32

37:33-35

37:33-35

37:30-32

37:33-35
(33-35)

37:36-38

37:36-38

37:36
37:37-38

( . 24)

, , , ,
.
, .
, .
.
. .
.
426

 , ,
. , .
1. .
2. .
3. .
4. .

. 1-7 , 36.
. , . 1-7 14-20
. , . 8-9
, , . 14-20
.
, , (. 1-7),
. 9 (. . 14-20,30).

: .37:1-4
1
, ,
; 2 , , ,
, , , . 3 :
: ,
, . 4 ,
, , ,
, , ; ,
.

37:1 . .
15:2-3.
.
.
. , , ,
.
427

37:2 . 36:3,22.
37:3 (. 4.19:3):
1. NASB, NRSV , (. ; BDB 865 I)
NKJV,
NJB,
LXX,
2. NASB, NKJV, NRSV, (. ; BDB 407)
NJB,
LXX,
3. NASB, (. ; BDB 611)
NKJV,
NRSV, NJB,
LXX,
4. LXX, Peshitta,
5. ,
, . ,
.
,
.
37:4 , , (.., , BDB
357, KB 355, Piel- , . . 17,23,24), (. 36:15,18,20),
(.., .36:22-23).
(NASB )
. . ( ) 1:9.

: .37:5-7
5
. 6 :
: : , ,
. 7, , ,
, .

37:6 , (.
. 21)!
(BDB 431, KB 432, Qal-,
) (. 7:4;
8:12; 10:24; 35:4; 40:9; 41:10,13,14; 43:1,5; 44:2; 51:7; 54:4; .15:1; 21:17; 26:24; 46:3; .20:20;
.14:9; .1:21,29; 3:2,22; 7:18; 20:1,3; 31:6,8; ..8:1; 10:8,25; 11:6; .6:23, ..).
37:7
NASB, NJB,
LXX

(. )
428

NKJV

NRSV

TEV

REB

Peshitta

ruah (BDB 924),
, . (. 36:4)
!
, ,
( ).
, (. . 37).
, . 9 , , , ,
, ,
.
. . 38,
.

: .37:8-13
8
;
, . 9 , ; :
, . , , : 10
, : ,
, : " ". 11, ,
, ; ?
12
, , , , ,
, ? 13 ,
, ?

37:9-11 , , 36:13-20.
37:9 , (NASB , )
,
, ,
707/06-690 696/695-685/84 .. (?). 690
664 . .. (. 4.19:9). ,
(
, ).
, ,
.
37:12-13 ,
:
1. 4.17:6; 18:11; 1.5:26 (.., )
, III ,
; II .
429

2.

(. .12:4; 24:4), ,
763 . .. - III.
3. , III (858-824 ..);
, ,
.
4. , III;
.
5. (NASB ) ;
.
6. , (-);
III 740 . ..
7. , (BDB
746, , NJB, NET).
8. . 36:19.
9. , , (. ABD, . 3, .
137).
10. .
#8 #9 .
( , -, ,
)
, !

: .37:14-20
14
, ,
; 15
: 16 , , !
; . 17, , ; ,
, , , ,
. 18, , ! 19
; , ,
, . 20 , , ;
, , , .

37:14 .
. ,
(. 3.8:33),
, . . 4 ,
, . ,
!
37:16
1.
2.
3.

, :
(NASB )
() , . ..7:13,19,20
(NASB ), . .25:22; 1.4:4; 2.6:2;
4.19:15; 1.13:6; .79:2; 98:1
4. () (NASB , ), . .10:17
430

5. , (BDB 94)

6. , . 42:5; 45:18; .1:1
. 1:1.
37:17 ,
:
1. , BDB 639, KB 692, Hiphil-, . .9:18
2. , BDB 1033, KB 1570, Qal-
3. , BDB 824, KB 959, Qal-, . .9:18
4. , BDB 906, KB 1157, Qal-
5. , , #2
(. () 6:1), ,
.

3.8:29,52; 2.6:39-40; 7:15.
(.
() 6:1). ,
, .. ,
.
. .3:14,
, (. ).
37:18 .
37:19 . 18 ,
, !
. , ( . 17), ,
!
37:20 :
1. , BDB 446, KB 448, Hiphil-, . 25:9; 33:22; 35:4; 40-66

2. , BDB 393, KB 390, Qal-, ; .
/ 19:21.
, .
(. .19:5-6).
(. .12:3) , (.
45:8,22). . 1:3.
, , , ,
. !
(. 43:11; 45:5,18,21-22)!
!
, DSS, LXX 4.19:19.
431

 : .37:21-29
21
, , : , :
, ,
22
, :
,
,
.
23
?

?
.
24

: " ,
,
, ,
, ;
25
, ;

".
26
,
,
,
,
, ?
27
,
;
,
, .
28
,
, ,
, .
29

, ,

,
, .

37:21-24 ,
, , ,
:
1. . 22, (. ; BDB 100, KB 114, Qal-),
(BDB 541, KB 532, Qal-), (BDB 631, KB 681, Hiphil-)
,
)
)
, TEV REB
, ,
432

 , ,
. : ( . )?
. 22 ,
:
)
)
2. . 23, (.., ):
) , BDB 357, KB 355, Piel-
) (NASB ), BDB 154, KB 180, Piel-
) , BDB 926, KB 1202, Hiphil-
) , BDB 669, KB 724, Qal-, . 10:12
3. . 24, :
) , (NASB
, )
) , (
)
) , (NASB
, )
24 (
, -, . 39:1), 14:13. ,
, ,
, (.
14:13-14).
37:21 (NASB ) ,
, , .
/ .
, ,
. , , .

:
I.

A. :
1. , .1:35; .3:21; 6:12; 9:29; 22:29-46;
2. , .21:13; .11:17; .19:46;
3. , .6:5-13; .11:2-4.
.
, , ,
.
. ,
(. .4:2).
.
, .
. - -, .
, , ,
.
433

. :
1. ;
2. ,
;
3. , , ;
4.
;
5. .
. . , , ,
, , ,
, , , ,
.
II.

A.
1. :
) , .18:22 .
) :
(1) , 5:22-23
(2) , 32:31 .
(3) , 5:5
(4) , 9:18,25 .
) :
(1) 1 , 7:5-6,8-9
(2) 1 , 12:16-23
(3) 1 , 15:11
) : 2 , 12:16-18
2. : , 59:16
3. ,
:
) 65:18
) , 28:9
) , 59:1-2; 64:7
. :
1. :
) :
(1) , 8:34
(2) , 7:25
(3) 1 , 2:1
) : , 8:26-27
2. :
) :
(1) , 9:1 .
(2) , 10:1
) :
(1) , 1:9
(2) , 1:16
(3) , 1:3-4,9
(4) , 1:3,9
434

(5) 1 , 1:2-3
(6) 2 , 1:11
(7) 2 , 1:3
(8) , . 4
) :
(1) , 15:30
(2) 2 , 1:11
(3) , 6:19
(4) , 4:3
(5) 1 , 5:25
(6) 2 , 3:1
3. :
) :
(1) , 6:18
(2) 1 , 2:1
(3) , 5:16
) :
(1) : , 5:44
(2) : , 13:18
(3) : 1 , 2:2
(4) : , 5:13-16
(5) : 1 , 5:16
) : 1 , 2:1
III.
A. :
1. : , 15:7
2. : , 14:13,14; 15:16; 16:23-24
3. : , 6:18; , 20
4. : , 6:10; 1 , 3:22; 5:14-15
. :
1. : , 21:22; , 1:6-7
2. : , 18:9-14
3. : , 4:3
4. : , 4:2-3
. :
1. :
) , 18:1-8
) , 4:2
) , 5:16
2. :
) , 7:7-8
) , 11:5-13
) , 1:5
3. : 1 , 3:7
4. :
) 65:18
) , 28:9
) , 59:1-2
435

) , 64:7
IV.
. ! !
!
. . .
.
. , , , !

37:22 (BDB 631, KB 681, Hiphil-)

,
(. 4.19:21; .16:4; .21:8; 108:25; .2:15; .27:39; .15:29).
37:25-29 , ( ,
. 25 , . 26 ),
, :
1. . 25, (.., , . 11:15; 44:27)
2. . 26-27, (.
10:5); 27
3. . 28, ( .138)
4. . 29, :
)
) ( )
) , (. 37:37)
37:26 ,
,
,
, , .. (. 10:5;
.18:11), (. 14:24,26; 22:11; 25:1; 46:10-11; .
12:5). ,

.
, (BDB 935), .

1. ,
2. , . 2.7:19; 1.17:17
37:28 (BDB 919, KB 1182, Hithpael-
) 29.
!
Hiphil (.
14:16; 23:11) (. 13:13). .16:43
.
37:29
. ,
.
436

 , , ,
, (. 4.19:28). .

: .37:30-32
30
, , , : ,
; , ,
. 31
, 32 , .
.

37:30 , , , (NASB )
, (.., 7:14-16),
(.., 8:8,10). (BDB 16) 38:7 (
7:14).
. , 37:30-32
, 37:33-35 36-38.
30 ,
(..
27-28 ):
1. BDB 37, KB 46, Qal- ;
(), () Qal-,
;
) , MT
) ,
2. BDB 281, KB 282, Qal-
3. BDB 894, KB 1126, Qal-
4. BDB 642, KB 694, Qal-
5. , , . #1
. ,
, . [James Freeman, Manners and
Customs of the Bible], . 96.
37:31 . ( ) 1:9.
.

1.
2.
37:32 , , ,
, (. 9:7; 59:17) !
, !
(BDB 888)
( .1-3).
(. 63:15-19, , , , . .12:1437

3) . 9:7 59:17
. ,
: (1) (2) .
, . ,
!
: .37:33-35
33
: "
, , . 34
, , , , . 35
, , ".
37:33-34 , .
, , .
, , ,
:
1. ,
2.
3.
4.
5. ,
37:35 ,
, :
1. (BDB 170, KB 199, Qal-) (..,
)
2. / (BDB 446, KB 448, Hiphil- )
3.
) (..,
, . .36:22-38)
) (. 9:7; 11:1; 16:5; 22:9,22; 29:1; 38:5; 55:3; 2.7)
: .37:36-38
36

. , , . 37 , ,
, , . 38 ,
, , , ,
. , , .
37:36 ,
, (. .11 12:23,29;
. 2.24:16).
- .
. .
438

 , .
. , , .
, ,
(.., .6:25-27; 10:28-31),
.

, ,
. ,
. - ()
, ,
.

, ,
, :
1.
) .24:7,40
) .23:20-23; 32:34
) .22:22
) .5:23
) 2.24:16
) 1.21:15-30
) .1:12-13
2.
) .16:7-13; 18:1-19:1; 22:11-15; 31:11,13; 48:15-16
) .3:2,4; 14:19 (13:21)
) .2:15; 6:22-24; 13:3-23
) .12:3-4
) .3:1-5

, , , , (.
4.19:35). , , ,
, .
. 31:8,
. , /. ,
, , .

, ( )
,
!
37:37 , , .
37:38 , , , .
1. LXX
(), .
439

2. , (BDB 652),
, ,
(.., ).
3. .. , . .
[James Freeman, Manners and Customs
of the Bible], . 182.
, 37 38
.
681 . .., ,
.
(NASB ) ,
681-669 . ..

440

 , 38

NKJV

NASB

NRSV

38:1-3

38:1-3

38:1-3

38:4-6

38:4-8

38:4-6

38:7-8
38:9-14
(10-14)
38:15-20
(15-20)
38:21-22

38:9-14
(10-14)
38:15-20
(15-19)
(20)
38:21-22

TEV

38:1
38:2-3
38:4-6
[38:21-22]

38:7-8

38:7-8

38:9-20
(10-15)

38:9-20
(10-15)

(16-20)
38:21-22

(16-20)

NJB

38:1-3
38:4-6
[38:21-22 7-8]

38:9-20
(10-15)
(16-20)

( . 24)

, , , ,
.
, .
, .
.
. .
.
, ,
. , .
1. .
2. .
3. .
4. .

441


. 36-37 , 38-39 ; .
. , ,
:
1. - II (721-710, 703-702 . .., . 4.20:12; .39:11)
( , , 13-14 ).
2. (626-605 . ..)
II (605-562 . ..),
586 . .. (605, 597, 586, 582
..).
. [The Jewish Study Bible] : ,
38-39, , 36-37, 10 .
- II.
. 4.20:1-11.
.6 117, .2.
20- 4- .

: .38:1-3
1
. , ,
: : , ,
. 2 , : 3",
! ,
". .

38:1-8 , ,
(. 37:21). ,
, , ,
. ,
.
, .
38:3 (BDB 269, KB 269, Qal-)
. , (. .13:14,22),
, . , , ,
, , ,
.
442


, .
, :
1. (BDB 229, KB 246, Hithpael-) (. ,
BDB 54); ,
(.., .25:3; 85:11)
2. , ,
/- ( )
3. ,

(. 3.3:6; 9:4; 11:4; 1.28:9); (.
1.29:9); (. 3.15:14).
(. 4.18:5-6).
(NASB ) ,
, :
(1) , . 10, (2)
, (. . 19; 39:7; 4.21:1). ,
, , , - . ,
- ,
,
. ,
, ,
,
.

: .38:4-6
4
, : 5 : ,
, : , , ,
, 6
.

38:4-6 .
, :
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6. (.., LXX, . .7:14)
, . . ,
,
.
.
443

38:5 , , 37:35
55:3, .
, , 2.7; 3.8:24-26.
9:7; 16:5; 55:3.
38:6 , !
.
!

: .38:7-8
7
, , . 8,
, .
, .

38:7-8 , ,
,
( 4.20:8-11 ). -,
- :
1. , , ,
2. / (.
4.20:9-11, JPSOA, . , [James
Freeman, Manners and Customs of the Bible], . 183)
3. - /
,
, .
. ,
, , -
. ,
..10:12-13, , , ,
, . , ,
, , .

(., ).
(. . 1-
[John H. Walton, The Lost World of Genesis One, IVP (2009)]).

: .38:9-14
9
, , :
10
" :
;
.
11
: ,
;
;
444

12

13

14

, ;
;
;
, .
;
, ;
, .
, ,
;
:
! ; .

38:10-20 .
(.
2.29:25-30). , 4.20:1-11.
38:10
NASB
(. )
NKJV, TEV,
REB

NRSV


NJB
LXX

Peshitta

( BDB 198, KB 226 II), ,
, , , , , , , ,
, . ,
. , 226 I, , ,
(NIDOTTE, . 1, . 972). LXX
, .
(NASB ) . ?
5:14.
.38:17; .9:14; 106:18 .16:18 (
). /.

(., , . .34:7; , . ..24:29).
, (.
.54:24; 88:46,47-49; .10:27).
38:11
, .
.
,
.
445

 (, . 12:2; 26:4) , , -,
(). ,
, .
(NASB )
( ) . ,
, (.., , BDB 293 I, ;)
(BDB 317, )
. UBS ,
(. 93), . ,
(. ), .48:2.
38:12 :
1. (. 2.5:1; 2.1:13,14)
2.
, , ( BDB
189, KB 217):
1. , (BDB 190, #4, KB 217 I), NASB, NRSV,
NJB, JPSOA, REB
2. ; / , (BDB 189, KB
217 II), LXX, Peshitta, NKJV, TEV
(, BDB 162, KB 191).
:
1. , , BDB 164 II, Niphal-, . 34:4 (
)
2. ; , , , Niphal-, ,
:
) ,
) , ; ,
2, 1
.
,
.4:20; .72:14), .

(.

38:13
NASB
(. )
NKJV

NRSV, NJB


TEV
REB

(.., ), , BDB 1000, KB 1436, Piel, , BDB 1002, KB 1443 I,
, . 58:9, , , .
446

 , ,
.
- .
.
:
.
38:14 13 , 14
:
1. NASB, NJB, REB (. )
NKJV
NRSV
TEV
(BDB 861, KB 1050, Pilpel-) , ,
. 10:14 ,
(. 8:19; 29:4).
2. (. ) BDB 211, KB 237, Qal-, . 16:7; 59:11;
.7:16; .2:7. .
3. (. )
) BDB 195, KB 223, Qal-,
.78:8; 114:6; 141:6 (. NIDOTTE, . 1, . 951)
) (. ) BDB 928, , /
(. 32:15; 57:15; 58:4)
4. (. ) BDB 799, .
Pual 23:12 , ,
. , .102:6 145:7 (.
).
(BDB 10), . 16, , .
3,4,5,7,11,20 (), 22.
(NASB ) (BDB 786,
KB 876, Qal-) , .
; , ; , (.
.17:3; .118:122). !

: .38:15-20
15
?
, .
, .
16
! ,
;
, .
17
, ,
,
.
447

18

19
20

,
,
.
, , :
.
;

".

38:15-20 (. ).
, .
38:15 , (NASB )
. , (.
55:11)!
38:16 . LXX
; JPSOA .
38:17
NASB
, (. )
NKJV

NRSV

NJB

REB, Peshitta

(, BDB 365 I, KB 362, Qal),
, , , ,
(, BDB 362, . 14:6; 54:2; 58:1).

, ,
. , , ,
. , ,
. ,
, ! ,
.102:11-14; .1:18; 43:2-5; 44:22; .31:34; .7:19.
, !
, , ,
, , , ,
!

448

,

:
1. , , BDB 699, KB 757, ., .34:9; .4:20, 26, 31, 35; 5:10,
13, 16, 18; 6:7; 19:22; .14:20; 15:25-28; 30:5,8,12; 3.8:30, 34, 36, 39, 50; .24:11; 102:3;
.55:7; .9:19; .7:2 ( ,
)
2. , , , , ; , ( ) BDB 669, KB 724, ., .23:21; 32:32;
34:7; .14:18; ..24:19; .24:18; 31:1,5; 84:3; 98:8; .7:18
3. , , , , , BDB 497, KB 493, .,
; .64:4; 77:38; 78:9; .6:7; 22:14; .18:23; .16:63; .9:24
4. , ; , , , , ,
BDB 562, KB 567, ., .4:5; .50:3,11; .43:25; 44:22; .18:23
5. , , BDB 950, KB 1272, ., 2.7:14; .40:5; 102:3; .6:10;
57:18; .3:22; 17:14; 30:17; .5:13; 14:4
6. , , BDB 716, KB 778, ., .19:11;
.7:8; 8:2; .7:18
7. , , , , , BDB 460, KB 459, ., .50:4,9;
.2:22; 4:14
8. , , BDB 372, KB 369, ., .16:30; .50:9; .20:9; .24:13;
36:25
9. (. ), BDB 1020, KB 1527, ., .38:17;
.7:19
10. , , , BDB 306, KB 305, ., .50:9 ( )
11. , BDB 711, KB 771, ., .50:11
12. , , (.), BDB 269, KB 269, ., .43:25
13. (. , , , ), BDB 461, KB 460,
., .7:19
38:20 (NASB ) .
33:2.
, ,
, . . 22; 4.20:5,
.22:6.

: .38:21-22
21
: ; . 22
: , ?

449

38:21-22 ,
LXX. , ,
4.20:7-8. NJB . 6.
38:21 ;
,
( ). (.., ).
.
, , (.. )
. ,
/ /
. .
, , !
:
1. (. ) BDB 669, KB 724, Qal-,

2. (. /) BDB 598, KB 634, Qal-,

3. (. ) BDB 310, KB 309, Qal-

450

 , 39

NASB


39:1-4

NKJV

39:1-2
39:3-8

39:5-8

NRSV

-
39:1-4

TEV

39:1-3
39:3
39:4
39:5-7
39:8

39:5-8

NJB

39:1-2
39:3-4

39:5-8

( . 24)

, , , ,
.
, .
, .
.
. .
.
, ,
. , .
1. .
2. .
3. .
4. .

.
. [Gleason L. Archer, Encyclopedia of Bible
Difficulties], . 212-213.

451


: .39:1-4
1
, , ,
, , . 2
, , , ,
, , ;
, . 3
: ?
? : , . 4
: ? : , ;
, .
39:1 (NASB -) -, (721-710, 703-702 ..), .
. 38.
, ,
, ,
(. . 2):
, . ,
.
39:2
NASB, NKJV
(. )
NRSV, TEV,
REB

NJB

LXX

, (BDB 970, KB 1333, Qal-),

, , .
,
(BDB 906, KB 1157) Hiphil-.
. ,

(. . 4).
39:3-4 ? ,
, !
: .39:5-8
5
: : 6, , ,
, ;
, . 7 , ,
, . 8
: , ; , ,
.
452

39:5 (, BDB 1033, KB 1570, Qal-), ,

.
39:6 ,
II (.. 605, 597, 586 582 . ..). ,
(1) ,
(2) , (. 4.21:1-18), (3)
. ,
,
. , ,
38,
.
39:7 , ,
,
(. 2.7).
, ,
, .
,
1.
2.
3.
4.
(. 4.24:15).
(NASB ) (BDB 710) ,
(.,
, .39:1). , ,
1.
2.
39:8 , !
,
, , , , . 8,
, .
, ,
, .

453


, , , ,
.
, .
, .
.
.
, - .
1. ,
, 36 37?
2. , ?
3. .37:20?
4. ?
5. ,
?

454

 1

I.
. 1/3 .
(
) .
. .
, ,
, .
. ,
.
. , (-),
.
.
II.
. .
. , .
. , .
. :
1. ()
2.
3.
III.

(.. , [R. K.
Harrison, Introduction to the Old Testament], . 965-975)
.
[Robert Lowth, Lectures on the Sacred Poetry of the Hebrews, 1753] ,
,
.
, :
1. , :
) .3:2; 48:2; 82:15; 102:13
) .19:5; 20:1
) .1:3,10
) .5:24; 8:10
2. ,

:
455

) .1:6; 89:6
) .1:29; 10:1,12; 15:1; 19:4
3. , .1:12; 18:8-10; 28:1-2
4. , (
) ;
. . [Charles A.
Briggs, General Introduction to the Study of Holy Scripture, 1899]
:
1. , ,
, .41:2; 102:3
2. , ,
, .18:8-15; 28:1-2; 102:20-22
3. /,
, , 1-
4-, 2- 3- .29:9-11a
.

.. [G. B. Gray, The Forms of Hebrew

Poetry, 1915]
:
1.
, .82:15 .1:3
2. , .58:17; 74:7

.
( ) ,
(a,,,a; a,,,,a),
, ().
. , ,
:
1. (, . .9,33,36,118; .31:10 .; .1-4)
2. (, . .6:9; 26:7; 121:6; .1:18-26)
3. (, . .49:17; .14:14; .27:27)
4.
()
5. ,
, ()
6. ()
. .
, :
1. .21:17-18
2. (, .9:27); .16:10;
.25:30; 48:33
3. .21:27-30; .23:16
4. , .5:11-13; .6:4-7, , .22:13
456

5. ; .14:10-18,
.44
6. / (, 2.1:17
2.35:25) 2.3:33; .26, 27; .9:17-22; .; .19:1-14; 26:17-18;
.3:15-19)
7. / .4:23-24; .15:1-18,20; .10:35-36; 21:14-15;
..10:13; .5:1-31; 11:34; 1.18:6; 2.1:18; .47:1-15; 37:21
8. .49; .6:24-26; .32; 2.23:1-7
9. , .24:3-9
10. /
11. .9,33,36,118; .31:10 .; .1-4
12. .21:22-30
13. - .14:1-22; 47:1-15; .28:1-23
14. (, ) .21:14-15; ..10:12-13;
2.1:18
IV.

. ( ,
). RSV
, .
.
. . ,
,
.
. ,
, ( )
.
.

4 5 , ,
. 4 , 5 ,
(
14 15 ).

. , ()
: , , .
.

457

 2

I.
. :
1. .
(,
), .
2. :
) ( ):
(1) ,
() .20:7
() .12:6-8; .18:15; 34:10
() .7:1 ( )
() .15:20
() .11:24-30
() .4:4
() .6:7-10
() 1.3:20
(2) .13:1-5; 18:20-22
(3) , 1.10:5-13; 19:20; 3.20:35,41; 22:6,10-13;
4.2:3,7; 4:1,38; 5:22; 6:1, ..
(4) .18:15-18
) , ( )
(1) 1.22:5; 2.24:11; 1.29:29
(2) 2.7:2; 12:25; 3.1:22
(3) 3.11:29
(4) 3.16:1,7,12
(5) 3.18:4,13; 20:13,22
(6) 3.18-4.2
(7) 3.22
(8) 4.2:9,12-13
) ( , ): ( )
.
1. Roeh = , , 1.9:9. Nabi. roeh
, , . , ,
, ,
.
2. Hozeh = , , 2.24:11. ,
Roeh. , ,
. (
, , ).
3. Nabi = , , Nabu = , ;
Nabaa = , .
458

 ( 300 ).
, ,
. ,
,
(. .4:10-16; 7:1; .5:5). ,
(.3:8; .1:7,17; .3:4.)
4. , , 1.29:29;
Roeh; Nabi Hozeh.
5. ish ha - elohim, ,
, / .
76 .
6. . : (1)
pro = , ; ; , , (2) phemi = ,
; .
II.
. , . (
) . (.20:7;
.104:5), (.18:18) ( , .15:20).
!
. ,
,
, [The Interpreters
Dictionary of the Bible], . 3, . 896.
. , ,
, , ,
, , .
[Prophets and Prophecy, Encyclopaedia Judaica], . 13, . 1152.
III.
. , , ,

, ,
. , , .
, , , ,
, /.
. ,
,
, (.13:1-3; 18:20-22). ,
.
. -
.

.
459

. , (. 18:18)
.
,
. , .
400 , . ,
.
(.11:27-28; 13:1; 14:29,32,37; 15:32; 1.12:10,28-29; .4:11)
,
.
. / , .

, , 2%
. 5% -
. 1% , (
, , [Gordon Fee and Douglas
Stuart, How To Read The Bible For All Its Worth], . 166).
. , .
, , ,
.
. , : ,
.
. , ,
, .
,
. (1)
; (2) ; (3)
.
IV.
. , .
,
.
(4.2).
(1.10:10-13;
19:18-24).
. , , . , ,
(, ). , ,

(). , (,
4.22:14).
. ,
, . ,
, .
,
460

 .
/ ( , . 150). ,
. ,
, .
. .
, -
, . , ,
, .
,
.
. / :
1. ; , () (.4;
.6).
2.
(.5; .2).
3.
, , ,
(.27-29).
V.
. 13:1-5 (/ )
. 18:9-22 (/ )
. (),
():
1. 15
2. 4:4-6
3. 4- 22:14-20; 2- 34:22-28
.
.
1.
2. /

VI.
. / (),
.
.
. , ;
. , ,
. .
. , -
(, );
.
461

.
. ,
, , .
. , :
1. ?
2. ?
3. ,
?
4. , ?
5. ,
.
. :
1. -
?
2. , ( )?
3. , , / ,
?
4. , ,
, . ,
.
, .
VII.
. . . , [A Guide To
Biblical Prophecy by Carl E. Amending and W. Ward Basque]
. , , [Gordon Fee and
Douglas Stuart, How To Read The Bible For All Its Worth]
. . , , [My Servants the Prophets by Edward J. Young]
. . , :
[Plowshares and Pruning Hooks: Rethinking the Language of Biblical Prophecy
and Apocalyptic by D. Brent Sandy]
. . . , [D. Brent Sandy and
Ronald L. Giese, Cracking Old Testament Codes]

462

 3

(
[John Bright, A History of Israel], . 462 .)
I. (.10:11)
. / .
. :
1. 1354-1318 - I:
(a)
()
2. 1297-1266 - I ( )
3. 1265-1235 I ( )
4. 1234-1197 - I

5. 1118-1078 I

6. 1012-972 - II
7. 972-967 -- II
8. 966-934 II
9. 934-912 - II
10. 912-890 - II
11. 890-884 - II
12. 883-859 -- II
13. 859-824 III
853 ..
14. 824-811 - V
15. 811-783 - III
16. 781-772 IV
17. 772-754 - III
18. 754-745 - V
19. 745-727 III:
) 4.15:19
)
)

) 735 .. - ,


.
. III,
(. 4.16; .7-12).
) 732 . .. III ,
(732-722).
(. 4.15).
463

20. 727-722 V:
)
) 724 . ..
21. 722-705 II:
) , V, II
. 27000 .
) .
) 714-711 . ..
.
. .
.
22. 705-681 :
) 705 . .., II,
. .
701 . ,
(. .36-39
4.18-19).
) .
23. 681-669 :
) ,
)
24. 669-633 :
) .4:10
) -- (
).
,
, 652 . ..,
--.
) , 663 . ..
) , 653, 645 . ..
25. 633-629 --
26. 629-612 --
27. 612-609 - II:
) ,
) () 614 . .. 612 . ..
II.
. 703-?

. 652
--:
1.
2. ,
. 626-605 :
1.
2. , -
3. , (), 614 . ..,
, , 612 . ..
464

4. ;
.
5. 608 . .. II (. , . 4.23:29)

. ,
(. 4.23), .
.
(. 4.23:29-30). , .
,
.
II 605 . ..
, .

. , ,
. , (.
4.23:31-35).
6. II , ,
,
. , , .
, , ,
.
.
. 605-562 II:
1. 597-538 . .. .
2. 597 .
(. 4.24).
II. .
, ,
/ ().
3. 586 ., ,
II (. 4.25)
. , ,
,
.
4. , , .
,
. , (605, 596, 586, 582),
, ,
.
. 562-560 -, , (. )
, (.
4.25:27-30; .52:31)
. 560-556 (. --, )
1. -,
2.
(. .39:3,13).
465

. 556 -
, ,
(
[Berossos])
. 556-539 (. -, ):
1. ,
.
2.
.
.
.
3.
( ), .
4. ,
, , (. .5).
. ? - 539 ()

.
. .
, .
II . ,
(),
.5:31; 6:1. , .
III. - . II (.41:2,25;44:28-45:7; 46:11;
48:15):
. 625-585 , ,
. 585-550 , , ( ).
II , I (600-559, )
( , ).
. 550-530 II ( )
:
1. , ,
2. , ,
3. II
4. , , :
)
) , ( )
5. 547 II ( ), 546
. ..
6. 539 , ,

. ,
. .
466

7. 539 II , .


.
8. 538 (. )
(. 2.36:22,23; .1:1-4).
,
(. .1:711; 6:5).
9. 530 II, II, , ,
, .
. 530-522 II:
1. 525 . .. -
2. :
) ,
) , ,
,
3. - () 522 .
. 522-486 I :
1. ,
2. , -
(. .5-6;
)
3. ,
4. ,
. 486-465 I:
1. I
2. , , ,
480 .. 479 . ..
3. ( ); 465 . ..

. 465-424 I (. .7-10; . ; . ):
1.

2. ( )
3. 20
4.
5. II 423 .
. 423-404 II
. 404-358 II
. 358-338 III
. 338-336
. 336-331 III ,
331 . ..,
467

IV.
. ( - ) 1720/10-1550
. 18- (1570-1310):
1. 1570-1546 (.-. ):
)
)
2. 1546-1525 I ( I)
3. 1525-1494 I
4. 1494-1490 II I,
5. 1490-1435 III ( )
6. 1435-1414 II ( II)
7. 1414-1406 IV
8. 1406-1370 III ( III)
9. 1370-1353 IV ():
) ,
) ()
) --
10. ?
11. ? ()
12. ? (-)
13. 1340-1310
. 19- (1310-1200):
1. ? I ()
2. 1309-1290 I ()
3. 1290-1224 II ( II):
) , ,

) , -, (,
)
4. 1224-1216 ()
5. ? ()
6. ? II
7. ?
8. ?
. 20- (1180-1065)
1. 1175-1144 III
2. 1144-1065 IV XI
. 21- (1065-935):
1. ?
2. ?
. 22- (935-725 ):
1. 935-914 ( I I)
) I
) 925 . .. (. 3.14-25; 2.12)
468

2. 914-874 I
3. ? II
4. ? II
. 23- (759-715 )
. 24- (725-709)
. 25- (716/15-663 //):
1. 710/09-696/95 (, )
2. 696/95-685/84 ()
3. 690/689, 685/84-664 ()
4. ? ()
. 26- (663-525 ):
1. 663-609 I ()
2. 609-593 II ()
3. 593-588 II ()
4. 588-569 ()
5. 569-525
6. ? III ()
. 27- (525-401 ):
1. 530-522 II ( II)
2. 522-486 I
3. 486-465 I
4. 465-424 I
5. 423-404 II
. (404-332):
1. 404-359 II
2. 359/8 - 338/7 III
3. 338/7 - 336/7
4. 336/5 - 331 III
*, , .
[The Zondervan Pictorial Encyclopedia of the Bible], . 2, .
231.
V.
. 359-336 II :
1.
2. 336 . ..
. 336-323 II ( ):
1. III, ,
2. 323 . .. 32/33
3. :
)
)
469

) I
)
) ()
. :
1. ():
) 312-280 I
) 280-261 I
) 261-246 II
) 246-226 II
) 226-223 III
) 223-187 III
) 187-175 IV
) 175-163 IV
) 163-162 V
) 162-150 I
2. ():
) 327-285 I
) 285-246 II
) 246-221 III
) 221-203 IV
) 203-181 V
) 181-146 VI
3. :
) 301 181
) 175-163 IV , ,
, :
(1) ( )
(2)
) 168 13 IV
; ,
8
) 167 , ,
; ,
) 165 25 ;

,
[The
Expositors Bible Commentary], . 4, . 10-17.

470

 4

.

( )

471

- ()
- ()
- ()
- ()
- ()
- ()
- ()
- ()
- ()
- II ()

I & II

(4)
(3)
(2)
(1)

DR. BOB UTLEY

BLI 96

- ()
- I ()
- ()
- ()
- ()
- ()

12-50 . . . .
1-11

. . .

()

472

II

III & IV

II ()
()

III ()

1-6

()
()
()

()

()
()

()

I ()
II ()
II ()

I ()

7-10

I ()

10

 ( 1-11)
1.
2.
3.
4.

(. 1-2)
(. 3)
(. 6-9)
(. 10-11)

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.

(. 12-50 )
()
(.)
(, , )
(- I)
()
()
()

()

2000 ..
1445 1290 ..
1405 1250 ..
1000 ..
922 ..
722 ..
586 ..
538 ..
516 ..
430 ..

A.
1. (a)
2. ()
3. ()
.
1. I ()
2. ()
3. II ()
.
1. ()
2. ()
3. ()
4. ()
5. ()
6. ()
7. ()
8. ()
9. ()
10. ()

.
1. III (745-727)
2. V (727-722)
3. II (722-705)
4. (705-681)
5. (681-669)
6. (669-663)
.
1. (626-605)
2. (605-562)
3. (556-539)
4.
.
1. II (550-530)
2. II (530-522)
3. I (522-486)
4. I (486-465)
5. I (465-424)

473

. : ,

612 . ..

()

608

II (. )

, ,

,
, ,
II

605

,



(),
,

,

605 538

, 597; 10000

586

582

,
,

562 560

- ( ) -

560 556

556

474

556 539

:

, .

.

,
.
,
, ,
:

585 550

( II , )

550

II, ,
, , :
1.
2. ,

547

II ( )

539

(.5;
; ,
, .5:31).

539, 11 .

II ,
, .

530

( II)

530 522

II ( )

525

522 486

I
-,

475

 ,
486 465

I (. )

,
480 ..
465 . ..

480

465 424

I (. .7-10; . ; .
)


20

423 404

II

404 358

II

358 338

III

338 336

336 331

III

359 336

II ,
336 . ..

336 323

II ( )
III, ,
323 . ..

:
1.
2.
3. I
4.
5.
476


301

181

175 163

IV
,
( )
;

168, 13 .

IV
; ,

167

.
. .

165, 25 .

626 605

(, )

625 585
605 562

II
(, )

585 550
562 560

550

II

556

556 539

539

-
550 530

II (538, -,
/)
477

530 522

II ( )

522

- ( 6 )

522 486

I ()

486 465

I ( )

465 424

I ( )

423

II

424 404

II

404 359

II

359 338

III

338 336

336 331

III

359 336

II

336 323

II

323

:
1.
2.
3. I
4.
5. ( 301 . ..)

, 175 163 . ..

175 163

IV ,

*
[John Bright, A History of Israel], . 461-471.
478

.
(1.3:1-16; .1:6-11)

922915

933917

()

915914

913873

873849

931/30913

3.11:4312:27;
14:21-31
2.9:3112:16

916914

913911/10

3.14:3115:8
2.11:20,
22

913873

911/10870/69

3.15:830; 16:8,10,
23,29;
22:41,43,46
.41:9

873849

-------

870/69848

853-848

3.15:24;
22:1-51
4.3:1-12;
8:16-19
1.3:10
2.17:121:1

(,
)

--------

()

849842

849842

848-841

1.21:120; .1:8

842

842

-------

4.8:249:29
2.22:1-9

3.22:50
4.1:17;
8:16; 12:18

922901

933912

931/30910/09

3.11:2640; 12:1214:20

()

901900

912911

910/09909/08

3.14:20;
15:25-31

900877

911888

909/08886/85

3.15:1616:7;
4.9:9
2.16:1-6
.41:9

877876

888887

886/85885/84

3.16:8-14

()

()

876

887

885/84

3.16:9-20
4.9:31

876869

887877

885/84874/73

3.16:1528
4.8:26
.6:16

869850

876854

874/73853

3.16:2922:40

850849

854853

853-852

3.22:40,4
1,49,51-53
2.18:13,19

479

 (.)

()

842837

842836

841-835

()

837800

836797

835-796

800-783

797779

796-767

(
)

-------

-------

()

783-742

779740

(
)

750-742

742-735

-------

740736

(.)

()

849842

853842

852-841

4.1:17;
3:1-27;
8:16-9:29

()

842815

842815

841814/13

3.19:1617
4.9:110:36; 15:12
2.22:7-9
.1:4

4.12:21;
14:1-22
2.25:128

815801

814798

814/13798

4.10:35;
13:1-9

791/90767

4.14:21;
15:1-7

801786

798783

798782/81

767740/39

2.26:123; .1:1
.1:1
.14:5

4.13:913,25
2.25:1725; .1:1
.1:1

(. II
)

-------

-------

793/92782/81

4.13:13;
14:16,23-29
.1:1

II

786746

783743

782/81753

.1:1; 7:911

746745

743

753-752

4.15:8-12

745

743

752

4.15:10,1
3-15

750740/39
740/39732/31

4.8:26;
11:1-20
2.22:223:21
4.11:2-3;
12:1-21
2.22:1112; 24:1-27

4.15:7,
32-38
1.5:17
2.26:2327:9
.1:1; 7:1
.1:1
.1:1

(
)

-------

-------

744/43732/31

4.15:3016:20
2.27:928:27

745738

743737

752742/41

4.15:14,1
6-22

735-715

736728

732/31716/15

.1:1; 7:1
.; 14:28;
38:8; .1:1
.1:1

738737

737736

742/41740/39

4.15:2326

480

 (.)

(.)

(
)

-------

-------

729716/15

4.16:20;
18:1-20,21
2.28:2732:33;
.25:1

715-687

727699

716/15687/86

(
)

-------

-------

687/86642

737732

736730

740/39732/31

4.15:2731; 16:5
2.28:6;
.7:1

.1:1; 36:139:8; .1:1;

.1:1
.1:9-10

732724

730722

732/31723/22

4.17:1-18

696/95687/86

4.20:2121:18;
23:12,26;
24:2

724
..

722

..

722
..

698643

687/86642/41

2.32:3333:20
.15:4
.
4.21:1826

642-640

643641

642/41640/39

2.33:2025; .1:2;
.1:1
3.13:2-3

610609

640609

640/39609

4.21:24;
22:1-23:30
2.33:2535:27
.1:2
.1:1
.1:10-11

609
(3 .)

609

609

4.23:3034
2.36:1-4

609598

609598

609-597

4.23:3424:6,19
2.36:4-8
.1:3;
22:18-23;
25:1 .;
26:1 .;
27:1 .;
35:1 .;
36:1 .
. 1:1-2

481

 (.)

(.)

598/97
(3 .)

598

597

4.24:6,817; 25:27-30
2.36:8-9
.52:31;
.1:2

597586

598587

597-587

4.24:1725:7
2.36:1011; .1:3;
21:1-7;
24:8-10;
27:1 .;
32:4-5;
34:1-22;
37:1-39:7;
52:1-11

586
..

587

..

587
..

, , . .
[E. R. Thiele, The Mysterious Numbers of the
Hebrew Kings].

482

 5

, .
, ,
, .
,
.
1. , , , , ,
. ,
. .
.
2. , .
. ,
. : , ;
, .
3. . ,
,
. , ,
. ,
. ,
, .
.
4. , ,
. ,
.
.
, - .
5. . ,
, ,
.
.
, .
6.
.
.
7.
.
.
, . , ,
, .
8. . ,
. .
, ,
483

. , ,
. ,
.
9. .
. ,
, .
. , ,
.
.
, ,
, .
:

, ,

484