Evseeva Razrab BD

C#
ADO .NET

, 08080165
. .
. .
2009
681.3(075)
22.18 7
P 13
:

(. . .-. ,
. . );
,
. . .
-

P 13
C#.
DO .NET: / . . . , . . .
: , 2009. 170 .
ISBN 978-5-9795-0475-9
ADO (ActiveX Data Object) .NET
#. Microsoft Access
Microsoft SQL Server; SQL,
ADO .NET.
, ( 080801
( )) ,
, .
681.3(075)
22.18 7
ISBN 978-5-9795-0475-9
. ., . ., , 2009
. , 2009
2

..................................................................................................................................5
1. ......................................................................................................7
1.1. .............................................................................7
1.2. .............................................................8
1.2.1. .................................................................................................9
1.2.2. .........................................................................................................10
ER- ......................................................................................................................10
, ...............................................................................................11
.......................................................................................................................13
1.2.3. ........................................................................................................15
1.3. Microsoft Access ...............................................................................15
1.3.1. ..........................................................................................................................15
1.3.2. ..............................................................................................................................17
1.3.3. ...............................................................................................................................18
1.4. Microsoft SQL Server........................................................22
1.4.1. .........................................................................23
1.4.2. Microsoft SQL ...........................................28
1.5. 1.....................................................................30
2. SQL ....................................................................................................................32
2.1. SQL- ......................................................................................33
2.2. SQL ...................................................................................36
2.3. like ........................................................................................37
2.4. SQL .........................................................................38
2.5. DML ...........................................................................39
2.6. 2.....................................................................41
3. ..........................................................................................42
3.1. ..................................................................42
3.2. ADO .NET ..................................................................................................53
3.2.1. DataSet..............................................................................................53
3.2.2. ( DataTable DataColumn) ..................................................53
3.2.3. DataRelation ....................................................................................................53
3.2.4. ( DataRow)..............................................................................................53
3.2.5. DataAdapter .....................................................................................................................54
3.2.6. DBConnection DBCommand .......................................................................54
3.3. Server Explorer .......................................................................................................................54
3.4. ...................................................................56
3.5. 3.....................................................................58
4. ADO .NET...................................................................................................................59
4.1. .................................................................................................59
4.1.1. ConnectionString ........................................................59
4.1.2. . Connection ............................................................60
4.1.3. Connection.........................................................................................61
4.1.4. .................................................................................................64
MS SQL ..........................................................................................................64
MS Access ......................................................................................................65
4.1.5. ...........................................................................................65
4.2. ...........................................................................................................67
4.2.1. ...........................................................................................68
4.2.2. ...................................................................................................70
3
4.2.3. ...............................................................................74
4.2.4. Management Studio..................................................80
4.2.5. Visual Studio 2008 ...................................................82
4.3. .........................................................................................................85
4.3.1. SQL- CommandText...........................................................85
4.3.2. Command ...........................................................................................................86
.................................................................................................86
CommandType CommandText..........................................................................88
ExecuteNonQuery......................................................................................................89
ExecuteScalar.............................................................................................................93
ExecuteReader ...........................................................................................................95
4.3.3. ....................................................................................97
ExecuteNonQuery ..........................................................................98
ExecuteScalar ...............................................................................104
ExecuteReader..............................................................................104
4.3.4. .........................................................................................108
...........................................................108
...................................112
SQL- ...............................................113
4.3.5. ....................................................................................................................115
ADO .NET ...................................................................................................119
4.4. ...............................................................................................123
4.4.1. DataSet, DataTable DataColumn................................................................123
DataTable DataColumn ...........................................124
PrimaryKey .........................................................................................................126
UniqueConstraint ForeignKeyConstraint..................................................127
, .............................................................128
.........................................................................130
.....................................................................................................132
4.4.2. DataRow ...........................................................................................................133
....................................133
RowState .............................................................................................................137
RowVersion ........................................................................................................138
DataTable ..............................................................................................143
4.4.3. DataGridView...................................................................................................145
DataGridView.........................145
DataGridView ..................................149
4.4.4. DataView ..........................................................................................................149
...........................................................................................................150
............................................................................................................151
.....................................................................................................................152
4.4.5. ............................................................................................157
HashTable .................................................................................................................157
ArrayList ...................................................................................................................158
4.5. 4...................................................................160
...................................................................................................................................162
...............................................................................................................167
.......................................................................................................170

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: http://www.microsoft.com/downloads/details.aspx?familyid=C243A5AE4BD1-4E3D-94B8-5A0F62BF7796&displaylang=ru
22
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Select < >
From < >
Where <>

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33

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36
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37
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create table:
create table ClientInfo (
FirstName varchar(20), LastName varchar(20), Address varchar(20), Phone varchar(15)
);
38
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1) DEFAULT.
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4) NULL , DEFAULT.
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insert into ClientInfo (FirstName, LastName, Address, Phone)
values('Petr','Petrov','Chehova 13','1234567');
39
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values('Ivan','Ivanov','Naberejnaya 13','1234568');
values(null,'Sidorov','Naberejnaya 25','1234569');
(. 37):
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40
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select * from where in ('', '');
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41
3.
3.1.
,

Microsoft Access.
Windows-1.
392.
(Data)
. 39.
39 (Data),
.
Binding Source.
.
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42
Binding Source
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44
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45
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. (Finish)
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(. 46).
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: (Enable Adding), (Enable Editing),
(Enable Deleting); :
(Enable Column Reordering); -.
,
.
(. 47).
47
. 47. DataGridView
.
(. 48).
. 48. DataGridView
, BindingSource TableAdapter, . ,
design-time .
48
.
DataGridView (. 49).
. 49. DataGridView
, (Binding Source)
. ,
.
.
50.
. 50.
49
.
BindingNavigator. (. 51).
. 51. BindingNavigator

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ToolStripContainer.
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BindingSource.
BindingSource.
(. 52).
. 52. BindingNavigator
DataGridView , . ,
. , TextBox .
Panel, TextBox (. 53).
50
. 53.
TextBox .
DataBindings Advanced, 54.
. 54. DataBindings Advanced
,
55. ,
,
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TextBox Binding
BindingSource .
TextBox
.

(. 56).
51
. 55. DataBindings Advanced
. 56.

. , , , . , DataSet,
. .
52
, Update
TableAdapter. , Click
:
TableAdapter.Update(bDTur_firmDataSet);
__TableAdapter.Update(bDTur_firmDataSet);
, . ,
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3.2. ADO .NET

3.2.1. DataSet
ADO ,
DataSet. DataSet DataTable
DataRelation. DataSet,
, . Tables
DataTableCollection, DataTable
.
3.2.2. ( DataTable DataColumn)

DataTable
DataSet. , DataTable
DataColumn.
DataColumn DataTable.
DataColumn DataType, , DataColumn. ,
, . ,
DataTable, , .
3.2.3. DataRelation
DataSet Relations,
DataRelationCollection, DataRelation.
DataRelation (
- ()). ,
DataColumn.
3.2.4. ( DataRow)
Rows DataTable () .
53
. .
3.2.5. DataAdapter
DataSet , . DataSet DataAdapter.
, , . DataAdapter
Fill() DataSet.
3.2.6. DBConnection DBCommand

DBConnection .
.
DBCommand ( , SQL ). DBConnection DBCommand DataSet,
.
3.3. Server Explorer

Visual Studio 2008
(Server Explorer).
.
(View)
(Server Explorer).
(Server Explorer).
(Data Connections)

. 57.
(Add Connection) (. 57).

, (. 3.1. . 43, 44). . (. 58). 58 , .
54
. 58. Server Explorer
(Server Explorer) .
(Retrieve
Data) (. 59).
. 59.
.
.
55
3.4.

, , (. . 3.1).
, , :
Microsoft Access BDTur_firm.mdb (. . 1.3);
Microsoft SQL BDTur_firmSQL.mdf (. . 1.4).
Visual Studio 2008 Windows
Application.
DataGridView, Dock Fill. :
MS Access using System.Data.OleDb;
MS SQL using System.Data.SqlClient;
System.Data.
InitializeComponent DataAdapter.
, MS Access,
:
public Form1()
{
//
// Required for Windows Form Designer support
//
InitializeComponent();
OleDbDataAdapter dataAdapter =
new OleDbDataAdapter(CommandText, ConnectionString);
}
, MS SQL:
public Form1()
{
//
// Required for Windows Form Designer support
//
SqlDataAdapter dataAdapter =
new SqlDataAdapter(CommandText, ConnectionString);
}
, .
DataAdapter
CommandText

ConnectionString. string CommandText 56
SQL- ,
onnectionString , , , .
:
// MS Access
CommandText: "SELECT [ ], , , FROM ";
ConnectionString: "Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0;Data Source="D:\\For ADO\
BDTur_firm.mdb"
// MS SQL:
CommandText: "SELECT CustomerID, CompanyName, ContactName, ContactTitle, Address,
City, Region, PostalCode, Country, Phone, Fax FROM Customers"
ConnectionString: Data Source=.\SQLEXPRESS;AttachDbFilename="D:\\For ADO\
BDTur_firmSQL.mdf";Integrated Security=True;Connect Timeout=30;User Instance=True
CommandText
ConnectionString. DataAdapter, , cmdText conString, cmt cns

, , ,
Form1. Visual Studio 2008
CommandText ConnectionString,
.
.
.
DataSet:
DataSet ds = new DataSet();
ds :
dataAdapter.Fill(ds, "");
dataGridView1
ds:
dataGrid1.DataSource = ds.Tables[""].DefaultView;
. ,
.
:
dataAdapter.Fill(ds, "2");
dataGridView1.DataSource = ds.Tables["2"].DefaultView;
2 , - .
, , , Fill dataAdapter
. (DataSource) dataGridView1
57
, Fill. , .
, .
3.5. 3
1. , . 3.1, .
2. UML- .
3.
DataSet, DataAdapter, DataTable,

DataRelation?
4. DataSet, DataTable, DataRelation; DataTable
DataRelation; DataColumn DataTable; DataRow DataTable.
5. . 3.4
Microsoft Access.
6. . 3.4
Microsoft SQL NorthwindCS.
7. UML-
.
8. BindingNavigator ?
9. ?
.
10. DataGridView BindingNavigator ?
11. TextBox ?
12.
ConnectionString
CommandText?
13. . 3.1
(. . 1.5, 4).
14. .
15. (. . 1.5, 11). . 3.1 .
16.
.
58
4. ADO .NET
4.1.
4.1.1. ConnectionString
ConnectionString ,
.
, ( ) .
, BDTur_firm.mdb BDTur_firmSQL.mdf.
// BDTur_firm:
Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0;
Data Source="D:\\For ADO\BDTur_firm.mdb" //
// NorthwindCS:
Data Source=.\SQLEXPRESS;
AttachDbFilename="D:\\For ADO\ BDTur_firmSQL.mdf";
Integrated Security=True;
Connect Timeout=30;
User Instance=True

. 8 .
8

Provider ()

, OleDbConnection
Connection Timeout
Connect Timeout
( ) . 15
Initial Catalog

( )
Data Source
SQL-, ( )
, Microsoft Access
Password ()
SQL Server
User ID
SQL Server
( ID)
Workstation ID

59
Integrated Security
Trusted Connection
( , )
Persist Security Info
(
)
, , . True, False SSPI (SSPI

True)
False, , , , - . True
. False
4.1.2. . Connection

. , , MS Access 255 .
, ,
.
, .
DataAdapter (, Fill),
, . , DataAdapter , .
:
;
;
.
Connection.
, , DataGridView, Dock
Fill. :
using System.Data.OleDb;
Form1 InitializeComponent Connection:
OleDbConnection conn = new OleDbConnection(ConnectionString);
conn
ConnectionString.
onn:
OleDbConnection conn = new OleDbConnection();
conn.ConnectionString = ConnectionString;
60
, (. . 3.4). ,
string ConnectionString = @"Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0; " +
"Data Source=D:\\For ADO\BDTur_firm.mdb";
, Open
Connection:
conn.Open();
4.1.3. Connection
Connection , . 9.
9
Connection
Disposed
InfoMessage
StateChange
Dispose

Dispose Connection
.
Close.
Windows-,
BDTur_firmSQL.mdf.
dataGridView Dock=Top,
btnFill , (
Label). AutoSize False, Dock
(label2) Top, Dock (label1) None, , (. 61).
Form1.cs:
using System.Data.SqlClient;
connectionString commandText:
string connectionString = @"Data Source=.\SQLEXPRESS; AttachDbFilename=" +
@"D:\\For ADO\BDTur_firmSQL.mdf" +
";Integrated Security=True;Connect Timeout=30";
string commandText = "SELECT * FROM ";
61
ADO Click :
private void btnFill_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)
{
SqlConnection conn = new SqlConnection();
conn.ConnectionString = connectionString;
// EventHandler - conn_Disposed
// Disposed conn
conn.Disposed+=new EventHandler(conn_Disposed);
// StateChangeEventHandler - conn_StateChange
// StateChange conn
conn.StateChange+= new StateChangeEventHandler(conn_StateChange);
SqlDataAdapter dataAdapter = new SqlDataAdapter(commandText, conn);
dataAdapter.Fill(ds);
dataGrid1.DataSource = ds.Tables[0].DefaultView;
// Dispose, Close,
// .
conn.Dispose();
}
- TAB
. 60.
conn_Disposed
label2:
private void conn_Disposed(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
label2.Text+=" Dispose";
}
.
conn_StateChange :
private void conn_StateChange(object sender, StateChangeEventArgs e)
{
label1.Text+="\n : "+e.OriginalState.ToString() +
"\n : "+ e.CurrentState.ToString();
}
. conn
(Closed).
Open, Closed. , (. 61). ( Dispose)
(Closed),
(Open). , .
62
. 60. - Intelligence
. 61.
63
, . , , .
4.1.4.
MS SQL

.
.

.
Microsoft SQL Server
SqlException SqlError. , ( 10).
10
SQL Server

17
4060
18456
SQL Server, ( 11).

11
SQL Server
1116
1719
2025
64

,
.
SqlException. Errors,
SqlError. Number, . , , .
MS Access
MS
Access OleDbException.
Errors. :
1) Message . MS Access, . . , .
2) NativeError ( ) ,
.
SQL State , , .
4.1.5.
, , , ,
.
, Close,
:
.
, .
(. 62, ). ,
, , 60 .

(. 62, ). , , 35 , , ,
(. 62, ).
65
. 62.
,
,
. . , , , .
.NET
. Close
, . 60 , ,
. -
, , onnectionString
.
66
OLE DB:
SQL Server:
OLE DB Services=4;
Pooling=False;
Close .
Microsoft SQL Server ( 12).
12
MS SQL Server
Connection
Lifetime
( ), .

. , ,
, , . 0 , (60 .)

.

Enlist
Max Pool Size
Min Pool Size

Pooling
True
100
0
True
, ,
ConnectionString.
, ,
. .
4.2.
SQL-,
.
.
SQL- 67
- . , .
. . ,
,
.
4.2.1.
Management Studio SQL-,
:
exec sp_databases
, (. 63):
. 63. exec sp_databases
,
master. (Stored Procedures) .
sp. ,
.
:
exec sp_monitor
SQL-
(. 64).
68
. 64. Microsoft SQL Server
Northwind3
:
USE Northwind
exec sp_stored_procedures
Northwind 1312 (. 67),
. .
. 65. Northwind
NorthWind SQL Server 2000,

http://www.microsoft.com/downloads/details.aspx?displaylang=en&FamilyID=06616212-0356-46a0-8da
69
4.2.2.
.
:
create procedure proc1 as
select [ ], , , from
create procedure ,
, proc1 , as
SQL-. , . :
.
The COMMAND(s) completed successfully.
, proc1. , Management Express (. 66)4.
. 66.
:
exec proc1

(. 67).
,
SQL-.
13 .
Management Express ( , F5).
70
. 67. proc1
13

SQL-
create procedure proc1

as select [ ],
, ,
from
exec proc1

select top 3
from

exec proc2

select *
from where
= ''

exec proc3
71
SQL-

select count (*)
from
exec proc4
13
72

select sum()
from

exec proc5

select max()
from

exec proc6

select min()
from

exec proc7

select *
from
where like '%%'

exec proc8

,
( )
SQL-

select *
from inner
join [ ]
on .[ ]=
[ ].[
]
exec proc9
13
10

select *
from left
join [ ]
on .[ ]=
[ ].[
]
exec proc10
,

BDTur_firm
.
6 ,
5.
inner join , (),

, . :
from 1 inner join 2
on 1.1 < > 2.2
left join
. 73
() , () . :
from 1 left join 2
on 1.1 < > 2.2.
4.2.3.

() .
, .
, :
create proc proc_p1
@ nvarchar(50)
as
select *
from
where =@
@ . ,
nvarchar c 50, .
exec proc_p1 .
:
exec proc_p1 ''
,
(. 68).
. 68. proc_p1
, ,
, .
14 .
74
14

75
SQL-

create proc proc_p1
exec proc_p1 ''
@ nvarchar(50)
as
select *
from
where =@
SQL-

create proc proc_p2
exec proc_p2 ''
@nameTour nvarchar(50)
as
select *
from
where =@nameTour
SQL-

create procedure proc_p3
exec proc_p3 ''
@ nvarchar(50)
as
select *
from inner
join [ ]
on .[ ] =
[ ].[ ]
where . = @
SQL-
create procedure proc_p4
@nameTour nvarchar(50)
as
select *
from inner join
on .[ ]=.[ ]
where . = @nameTour
14

exec proc_p4 ''

( )
SQL-
create proc proc_p5
@nameTour nvarchar(50),
@ float
as update set
=/(@)
where =@nameTour

exec proc_p5 '', 26
exec proc_p5
@nameTour = '',
@= 26

SQL :
select * from
.
. update, ,
select

(1 )
select
76
14

exec proc_p6 ''
exec proc_p6 '', 28
SQL-
create proc proc_p6
@nameTour nvarchar(50),
@ float = 26
as update set
=/(@)
where =@nameTour
, @
.

.

:
exec proc_p6 ''
select:
,
SQL- . ,
( ). :
create proc proc_po1
@TouristID int,
@LastName nvarchar(60) output
as
select @LastName = from where [ ] = @TouristID
output ,
@LastName. ,
4:
declare @LastName nvarchar(60)
exec proc_po1 '4',
@LastName output
select @LastName
declare ,
. (. 69):
77
. 69.
proc_po1
. 70.
proc_po1.
:
exec proc_po1 '4',
@LastName output
select @LastName as ' '
(. 70).
15 .
15

SQL-

1 create proc proc_po1
@TouristID int,
exec proc_po1 '4',
@LastName nvarchar(60) output as
@LastName output
select @LastName =
select @LastName as
from
' '
where [ ] = @TouristID
SQL-

declare @CountCity
@CountCity int output as select
int exec proc_po2 @CountCity
@CountCity = count([ ])
output select @CountCity
from [ ]
as ' , where like '%%'
%%'
,
. (, ,
)
78
SQL-

15

SQL

declare @CountTour int
@TouristID int,
exec proc_po3 '1', @CountTour output
@CountTour int output
select @CountTour
as select
AS ' , @CountTour = count(.[ ])
'
from inner join on
.[ ]=
.[ ]
inner join on
.[ ] = .[ ]
inner join on
.[ ] =
.[ ]
where .[ ] =
@TouristID
SQL
@TouristID int,
@BeginDate smalldatetime,
@EndDate smalldatetime,
@SumMoney money output
as select @SumMoney = sum()
from inner join on
.[ ] =
.[ ]
inner join on
.[ ] =
.[ ]
where [ ]
between(@BeginDate)
and (@EndDate)
and .[ ] =
@TouristID
79

declare
@TouristID int,
@BeginDate smalldatetime,
@EndDate smalldatetime,
@SumMoney money
exec proc_po4 '1',
'1/20/2007',
'1/20/2008',
@SumMoney output
select @SumMoney
as ' '
15

SQL-
, . 1 4/13/2007

SQL
@CodeTour int,
@ChisloPutevok int output as
select @ChisloPutevok =
count(.[ ])
from inner join on
.[ ] =
.[ ]
inner join on .[ ] =
.[ ]
where .[ ] = @CodeTour

declare @ChisloPutevok
int exec proc_po5 '1',
@ChisloPutevok output
select @ChisloPutevok
AS ' ,
'
drop:
drop proc proc1
proc1 (. . 13 1).
4.2.4. Management Studio

SQL Management Studio .
.
:
-- ================================================
-- Template generated from Template Explorer using:
-- Create Procedure (New Menu).SQL
--- Use the Specify Values for Template Parameters
80
-- command (CtrlShiftM) to fill in the parameter

-- values below.
--- This block of comments will not be included in
-- the definition of the procedure.
-- ================================================
SET ANSI_NULLS ON
GO
SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ON
GO
-- =============================================
-- Author:
<Author,,Name>
-- Create date: <Create Date,,>
-- Description: <Description,,>
-- =============================================
CREATE PROCEDURE <Procedure_Name, sysname, ProcedureName>
-- Add the parameters for the stored procedure here
<@Param1,sysname,@p1> <Datatype_For_Param1, ,int>=<Default_Value_For_Param1, , 0>,
<@Param2,sysname,@p2> <Datatype_For_Param2, ,int>=<Default_Value_For_Param2, , 0>
AS
BEGIN
-- SET NOCOUNT ON added to prevent extra result sets from
-- interfering with SELECT statements.
SET NOCOUNT ON;
-- Insert statements for procedure here
SELECT <@Param1, sysname, @p1>, <@Param2, sysname, @p2>
END
GO
:
,

, ,

(. 45).
71.
81
. 71.
4.2.5. Visual Studio 2008

Visual Studio 2008

.
Visual Studio (
- ),
(Server Explorer), ,
(Stored Procedures)

(New Stored Procedure)
(. 72).
. 72.
Server Explorer
82
, :
CREATE PROCEDURE dbo.StoredProcedure1
/*
(
@parameter1 int = 5,
@parameter2 datatype OUTPUT
)
*/
AS
/* SET NOCOUNT ON */
RETURN
,
/*, */.
NOCOUNT ON , .
,
(SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE DELETE) SET NOCOUNT ON, SELECT SET NOCOUNT OFF.
, proc_po1 (. 15) :
CREATE PROCEDURE dbo.proc_vs1
@TouristID int,
@LastName nvarchar(60) OUTPUT
)
AS
SET NOCOUNT ON
SELECT @LastName =
FROM
WHERE ([ ] = @TouristID)
RETURN
SQL- .
SQL (Design SQL Block),
(Query Builder) (. 73).
,
74, Execute.
83
. 73. (Query Builder)

, .

. , "proc_vs1" .
,
:
ALTER PROCEDURE dbo.proc_vs1
ALTER
() .
. 74.
84
4.3.
4.3.1. SQL- CommandText

SQL-. , CommandText
SQL-,
.

,
CommandText. , , SQL- :
string CommandText = "SELECT , , FROM ";
(. 75).
. 75.
, "":
string CommandText = "SELECT , ,
FROM where like '%'";
76.
85
. 76.

(DML) SQL CommandText .
4.3.2. Command

ADO .NET DataAdapter ,
, .
,
, , ADO .NET , Command. SQL- .
InitializeComponent. .
Connection . , .
CommandType (),
. :
Text. SQL-, . .
StoredProcedure. .
TableDirect. .
.
SELECT * FROM _. OLE DB.
CommandText .
, Connection Command
Connection:
86
// , Connection
conn.ConnectionString = ConnectionString; // . 4.1
conn.Open();
// Command Connection
OleDbCommand myCommand = new OleDbCommand();
myCommand.Connection = conn;
Connection CreateCommand,
Command,
Connection:
conn.Open();
OleDbCommand myCommand = conn.CreateCommand();
Command . SQL-, .
, .
myommand
CommandText. ,
CommandText commandText ( ):
MyCommand.CommandText = commandText;
OleDbDataAdapter:
OleDbDataAdapter dataAdapter = new OleDbDataAdapter();
dataAdapter SelectCommand,
myCommand:
dataAdapter.SelectCommand = myCommand;
DataSet:
ds dataAdapter:
DataSource dataGrid1:
dataGrid1.DataSource = ds.Tables[""].DefaultView;
:
conn.Close();
. , 60, , ,
.
87
:
public Form1()
{
string commandText = "SELECT , , FROM ";
string ConnectionString = @"Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0; " +
"Data Source=D:\\For ADO\BDTur_firm.mdb";
OleDbConnection conn=new OleDbConnection(ConnectionString);
conn.Open();
OleDbCommand MyCommand=new OleDbCommand();
MyCommand.Connection = conn;
// OleDbCommand MyCommand=conn.CreateCommand();
MyCommand.CommandText = commandText;
dataAdapter.SelectCommand = MyCommand;
dataGridView1.DataSource = ds.Tables[""].DefaultView;
conn.Close();
}
SQL .

OleDbConnection,
OleDbCommand, OleDbDataAdapter SqlConnection, SqlCommand, SqlDataAdapter
.
, ( ) ADO .

. , ,
(, Web-) ADO .
,
TextBox, Label .
(. . 3.1).
CommandType CommandText
Windows-
. DataGridView, Dock Fill. connectionString commandText:
private string connectionString = @"Data Source = .\SQLEXPRESS; AttachDbFilename = " +
@"D:\\For ADO\BDTur_firmSQL2.mdf" +
";Integrated Security=True; Connect Timeout=30; User Instance=True";
88
private string commandText = "SELECT * FROM ";

:
private string connectionString = @"Data Source = .\SQLEXPRESS; AttachDbFilename = " +
";Integrated Security=True; Connect Timeout=30; User Instance=True";
private string commandText = "SELECT * FROM ";
public Form1()
{
SqlConnection conn = new SqlConnection(connectionString);
conn.Open();
SqlCommand myCommand = conn.CreateCommand();
//myCommand.Connection = conn;
myCommand.CommandText = commandText;
//myCommand.ExecuteNonQuery();
SqlDataAdapter dataAdapter = new SqlDataAdapter();
conn.Close();
dataGridView1.DataSource = ds.Tables[""].DefaultView;
}
. . DataAdapter,
.
SqlCommand . MSDN.
ExecuteNonQuery

.
.
Command.
ExecuteNonQuery , , UPDATE, INSERT DELETE
, .
.
:
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
89
using System.Text;
namespace ConsoleApplication3
{
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
string connectionString = @"Data Source=.\SQLEXPRESS;AttachDbFilename="+
";Integrated Security=True;Connect Timeout=30;User Instance=True";
conn.Open();
myCommand.CommandText = "UPDATE " +
"SET = '' WHERE [ ] = 3";
myCommand.ExecuteNonQuery();
conn.Close();
}
}
}
CommandText ,
= 3.
ExecuteNonQuery:
, F5.
. Management Studio, ,
(. 77).
. 77. ,
90
ExecuteNonQuery
.
, , :
int UspeshnoeIzmenenie = myCommand.ExecuteNonQuery();
if (UspeshnoeIzmenenie !=0)
{
Console.WriteLine (" ");
else
{
Console.WriteLine(" ");
,
.
CommandText :
myCommand.CommandText =
"INSERT " +
"INTO ([ ], , , ) " +
"VALUES (6, '', '', '')";
, SQL Server Enterprise Manager
(. 78).
. 78. ,
CommandText,
:
myCommand.CommandText = "DELETE FROM WHERE [ ] = 4";
(. 79).
ExecuteNonQuery , DDL SQL. (Data Defi91
nition Language, DDL)

, , . CREATE, ALTER, DROP.
DDL
ExecuteNonQuery.
. 79. ,
CommandText ,
BDTur_firm2 :
myCommand.CommandText = "CREATE TABLE ( INT NOT NULL, " +
" INT NOT NULL, VARCHAR(50))";
, Management Studio,
() (. 80).
. 80. ""
. 81. BDTur_firm2,
.. ""
CommandText
:
myCommand.CommandText = "ALTER TABLE ADD VARCHAR(50)";
Management Studio (. 81).
92
,
CommandText:
myCommand.CommandText = "DROP TABLE ";
Management Studio , . , , :
myCommand.CommandText = "DELETE FROM ";
,
, , .
DDL.
ExecuteNonQuery ,
DCL. (Data Control Language, DCL) ( )
.
GRANT, DENY, REVOKE. Commnad .
ExecuteScalar
ExecuteScalar Command , . COUNT, MIN, MAX. . :
using System;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
{
class Program
{
{
@"D:\\For ADO\BDTur_firmSQL2.mdf"+
conn.Open();
myCommand.CommandText = "SELECT COUNT (*) FROM ";
string KolichestvoTurov = Convert.ToString(myCommand.ExecuteScalar());
93
conn.Close();
Console.WriteLine(" : " + KolichestvoTurov);
Console.ReadKey();
}
}
}
ExecuteScalar string
. 5
(. 82).
. 82.
.
myCommand.CommandText = "SELECT COUNT (*) FROM ";
string KolichestvoTurov = Convert.ToString(myCommand.ExecuteScalar());
myCommand.CommandText = "SELECT MAX () FROM ";
string MaxPrice = Convert.ToString(myCommand.ExecuteScalar());
myCommand.CommandText = "SELECT MIN () FROM ";
string MinPrice = Convert.ToString(myCommand.ExecuteScalar());
myCommand.CommandText = "SELECT AVG () FROM ";
string AvgPrice = Convert.ToString(myCommand.ExecuteScalar());
conn.Close();
Console.WriteLine(" : " + KolichestvoTurov +
"\n , . : " + MaxPrice +
"\n , .: " + MinPrice +
"\n : " + AvgPrice);

(. 83).
. 83.
,
ExecuteScalar.
.
94
ExecuteReader
ExecuteReader.
. , DataReader, . ,
, DataSet. DataReader,
DataSet, , , .
. :
using System;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
{
class Program
{
{
@"D:\\For ADO\BDTur_firmSQL2.mdf"+
conn.Open();
myCommand.CommandText = "SELECT * FROM ";
SqlDataReader dataReader = myCommand.ExecuteReader();
while (dataReader.Read())
{
Console.WriteLine(dataReader[""]);
}
dataReader.Close();
conn.Close();
Console.ReadKey();
}
}
}
dataReader ExecuteReader
myCommand:
95
Read dataReader .
84.
. 84.
DataReader object,
:
Console.WriteLine(dataReader[1]);
:
(. 85).
. 85.
( object),
:
...
Console.WriteLine(dataReader[0] + dataReader[1] + dataReader[2] + dataReader[3]);
...
96
string :
Console.WriteLine(Convert.ToString(dataReader[0]) + " " +
Convert.ToString(dataReader[1]) + " " +
Convert.ToString(dataReader[2]) +" " +
Convert.ToString(dataReader[3]));
(. 86).
. 86.
4.3.3.
Command . ,
- . ,
, ? , , ,
. , , , .
, ,
. ,
ExecuteNonQuery commandText :
"UPDATE SET = '' WHERE = 3";
,
, , . :
myCommand.CommandText = " UPDATE SET
= '-_,___'
WHERE = '-_,___' ";
, SQL, . :
"UPDATE SET = @Family WHERE = @TouristID";
97
@Family ,
@TouristID . ,
.
,
.
ExecuteNonQuery
Windows .
(. 87).
. 87. ,
:
conn:
SqlConnection conn = null;
btnUpdate :
private void btnUpdate_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)
{
try
{
string Family = Convert.ToString(this.txtFamilyUpdate.Text);
int TouristID = int.Parse(this.txtTouristIDUpdate.Text);
conn = new SqlConnection();
conn.ConnectionString = @"Data Source=.\SQLEXPRESS;AttachDbFilename=" +
conn.Open();
98

"UPDATE SET = @Family WHERE [ ] = @TouristID";
myCommand.Parameters.Add("@Family", SqlDbType.NVarChar, 50);
myCommand.Parameters["@Family"].Value = Family;
myCommand.Parameters.Add("@TouristID", SqlDbType.Int, 4);
myCommand.Parameters["@TouristID"].Value = TouristID;
{
MessageBox.Show(" ", " ");
}
else
{
}
conn.Close();
}
catch(Exception ex)
{
MessageBox.Show(ex.ToString());
}
finally
{
conn.Close();
}
}
, finally , ,
. , txtFamilyUpdate
txtTouristIDUpdate, Family TouristID.
@Family @TouristID.
Command Add Parameters,
Family TouristID.
Add . . Add 16.
Add, Parameters Command OLE DB .
99
16
Add
parameterName
sqlDbType
size
sourceColumn

DataSet,
btnInsert.
private void btnInsert_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)
{
try
{
int TouristID = int.Parse(this.txtTouristIDInsert.Text);
string Family = Convert.ToString(this.txtFamilyInsert.Text);
string FirstName = Convert.ToString(this.txtFirstNameInsert.Text);
string MiddleName = Convert.ToString(this.txtMiddleNameInsert.Text);
conn.Open();
myCommand.CommandText = "INSERT INTO " +
" ([ ], , , ) " +
"VALUES (@TouristID, @Family, @FirstName, @MiddleName)";
myCommand.Parameters.Add("@Family", SqlDbType.NVarChar, 50);
myCommand.Parameters["@Family"].Value = Family;
myCommand.Parameters.Add("@FirstName", SqlDbType.NVarChar, 50);
myCommand.Parameters["@FirstName"].Value = FirstName;
myCommand.Parameters.Add("@MiddleName", SqlDbType.NVarChar, 50);
myCommand.Parameters["@MiddleName"].Value = MiddleName;
{
}
else
{
100

}
}
catch(Exception ex)
{
}
finally
{
conn.Close();
}

: @TouristID, @Family,
@FirstName, @MiddleName.
.
btnDelete.
private void btnDelete_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)
{
try
{
int TouristID = int.Parse(this.txtTouristIDDelete.Text);
conn.Open();
myCommand.CommandText = "DELETE FROM " +
"WHERE [ ] = @TouristID";
{
}
else
{
101

}
}
catch(Exception ex)
{
}
finally
{
conn.Close();
}
}
. , . , Management Studio
(. 88 90).
. 88.
102
. 89.
. 90.
103
ExecuteScalar
ExecuteScalar Command Windows-
( , )
.
ExecuteReader
ExecuteReader. .
. ListBox,
Dock Bottom. Splitter,
Dock Bottom. , ListView, Dock Fill.
, ListView: Properties
(...).
Columns
Column Header Collection Editor :
Name
Text
chTouristID

chFamily
chFirstName
chMiddleName
View Details.
GridLines True.
.
:
conn dataReader:
SqlDataReader dataReader;
:
public Form1()
{
try
{
104
conn.Open();
dataReader = myCommand.ExecuteReader();
{
// , dataReader,
// Get
int TouristID = dataReader.GetInt32(0);
string Family = dataReader.GetString(1);
string FirstName = dataReader.GetString(2);
string MiddleName = dataReader.GetString(3);
// listBox1
listBox1.Items.Add(" : " + TouristID+ " : " + Family +
" : "+ FirstName + " : " + MiddleName);
// item ListViewItem
// dataReader
ListViewItem item = new ListViewItem(new
string[]{Convert.ToString(dataReader[0]), Convert.ToString(dataReader[1]),
Convert.ToString(dataReader[2]), Convert.ToString(dataReader[3])});
listView1.Items.Add(item);
}
}
catch(Exception ex)
{
}
finally
{
dataReader.Close();
conn.Close();
}
}
Get , DataReader, .
. ListBox ListView (. 91).
ListView ,
DataGridView. , DataSet,
DataGridView :
dataGridView1.DataSource = dataset.Tables["_"].DefaultView;
105
:
dataGridView1.DataSource = dataset;
DataReader
:
dataGridView1.DataSource = datareader;
. 91. ExecuteReader
DataTable. DataTable , .
. DataGrid, Dock Fill.
:
:
// FullDataTable,
DataTable FullDataTable = new DataTable();
// FullDataTable
DataTable ShemaDataTable = new DataTable();
SqlDataReader dataReader;
SqlCommand myCommand;
// objectRow
object[] objectRow;
// myDataRow
DataRow myDataRow;
:
106
public Form1()
try
{
conn.Open();
myCommand = conn.CreateCommand();
dataReader = myCommand.ExecuteReader();
// GetSchemaTable,
// ShemaDataTable
ShemaDataTable = dataReader.GetSchemaTable();
// FieldCount .
// objectRow
objectRow = new object[dataReader.FieldCount];
// FullDataTable
for(int i =0; i <dataReader.FieldCount; i++)
{
FullDataTable.Columns.Add(ShemaDataTable.Rows[i]["ColumnName"].ToString(),
((System.Type)ShemaDataTable.Rows[i]["DataType"]));
}
// FullDataTable
while(dataReader.Read())
{
dataReader.GetValues(objectRow);
myDataRow = FullDataTable.Rows.Add(objectRow);
}
// dataGrid1
dataGrid1.DataSource = FullDataTable;
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
}
finally
{
dataReader.Close();
conn.Close();
}
}
107
(. 92):
. 92.
4.3.4.

. ( 13),
, ,
Windows-. ( 14), , .
Windows-, .
93.
:
string connectionString = @"Data Source=.\SQLEXPRESS;AttachDbFilename=" +
Connection Command,
,
Parameters:
private void btnRun_p1_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e) {
myCommand.CommandType = CommandType.StoredProcedure;
myCommand.CommandText = "[proc_p1]";
string FamilyParameter = Convert.ToString(txtFamily_p1.Text);
108
myCommand.Parameters.Add("@", SqlDbType.NVarChar, 50);

myCommand.Parameters["@"].Value = FamilyParameter;
conn.Open();
{
// , dataReader,
// Get
int TouristID = dataReader.GetInt32(0);
string Family = dataReader.GetString(1);
string FirstName = dataReader.GetString(2);
string MiddleName = dataReader.GetString(3);
// lbResult_p1
lbResult_p1.Items.Add(" : " + TouristID+ " : " + Family +
" : "+ FirstName + " : " + MiddleName);
}
conn.Close();
} // btnRun_p1_Click
private void btnRun_p5_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)
{
myCommand.CommandText = "[proc_p5]";
string NameTourParameter = Convert.ToString(txtNameTour_p5.Text);
double KursParameter = double.Parse(this.txtKurs_p5.Text);
myCommand.Parameters.Add("@nameTour", SqlDbType.NVarChar, 50);
myCommand.Parameters["@nameTour"].Value = NameTourParameter;
myCommand.Parameters.Add("@", SqlDbType.Float, 8);
myCommand.Parameters["@"].Value = KursParameter;
conn.Open();
{
}
else
{
}
conn.Close();
}
109
private void btnRun_proc6_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)

{
myCommand.CommandText = "[proc6]";
conn.Open();
string MaxPrice = Convert.ToString(myCommand.ExecuteScalar());
lblPrice_proc6.Text = MaxPrice;
conn.Close();
}

9395.
. 93. proc_p1
110
. 94. proc_p5
. 95. proc_p6
111

(. 15). Windows, 96.
. 96.
Connection:
btnRun :
private void btnRun_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)
{
try
{
myCommand.CommandText = "[proc_po1]";
int TouristID = int.Parse(this.txtTouristID.Text);
// , .. .
//myCommand.Parameters["@TouristID"].Direction = ParameterDirection.Input;
myCommand.Parameters.Add("@LastName", SqlDbType.NVarChar, 60);
myCommand.Parameters["@LastName"].Direction = ParameterDirection.Output;
conn.Open();
myCommand.ExecuteScalar();
lblFamily.Text = Convert.ToString(myCommand.Parameters["@LastName"].Value);
}
catch (Exception ex)
{ MessageBox.Show(ex.ToString()); }
finally
{ conn.Close(); }
}
112
@LastName Parameters, output Direction:

myCommand.Parameters["@LastName"].Direction = ParameterDirection.Output;
@TouristID ,
Direction Input.
Parameters, . , , InputOutput,
, ,
ReturnValue.
97.
. 97.
SQL-
SQL-, . , .
proc_NextResult. proc_NextResult
: , :
CREATE PROCEDURE proc_NextResult
AS
SET NOCOUNT ON
SELECT * FROM
SELECT * FROM
RETURN
Windows-.
ListBox, Dock Bottom. Splitter (), Dock
Bottom. , ListBox, Dock Fill.
: ListBox ,
.
:
113
public Form1()
myCommand.CommandText = "[proc_NextResult]";
conn.Open();
{
listBox2.Items.Add(dataReader.GetString(1)+" "+dataReader.GetString(2));
}
dataReader.NextResult();
{
listBox1.Items.Add(dataReader.GetString(1) +
". : "+dataReader.GetString(3));
}
dataReader.Close();
conn.Close();
}
98.
. 98.
114
4.3.5.
(SQL) , , . , ,
, .
? , BDTur_firm2
. ,
, , , -
, ,
. .
Management Studio, :
INSERT INTO ([ ], , , )
VALUES (8, '', '', '');
INSERT INTO [ ]([ ], [ ], , ,
, )
VALUES (8, 'CA 1234567', '', '', 1234567, 996548);
:
(1 row(s) affected) // ( : 1)
(1 row(s) affected) // ( : 1)

:
VALUES (8, '', '', '');
INSERT INTO [ ]([ ], [ ], , ,
, )
VALUES (9, 'CA 1234567', '', '', 1234567, 996548);

. , ,
:
2627, 14, 1, 1
Violation of PRIMARY KEY constraint 'PK_'. Cannot insert duplicate key in object
'dbo.'.
The statement has been terminated.
( : 1)
115
:
SELECT * FROM
SELECT * FROM [ ]

(. 99).
, .
. 99.
SQL :
116
BEGIN TRAN
DECLARE @OshibkiTabliciTourists int, @OshibkiTabliciInfoTourists int
VALUES (8, '', '', '');
SELECT @OshibkiTabliciTourists=@@ERROR
INSERT INTO [ ]([ ], [ ],
, , , )
VALUES (8, 'CA 1234567', '', '', 1234567, 996548);
SELECT @OshibkiTabliciInfoTourists=@@ERROR
IF @OshibkiTabliciTourists=0 AND @OshibkiTabliciInfoTourists=0
COMMIT TRAN
ELSE
ROLLBACK TRAN
BEGIN TRAN.
@OshibkiTabliciTourists, @OshibkiTabliciInfoTourists
. , @@ERROR :
:
,
:
( ) COMMIT TRAN.
@OshibkiTabliciTourists
@OshibkiTabliciInfoTourists ,
ROLLBACK TRAN.

:
( : 1)
( : 1)
:
BEGIN TRAN
VALUES (8, '', '', '');
INSERT INTO [ ]([ ], [ ],
, , , )
117
VALUES (9, 'CA 1234567', '', '', 1234567, 996548);

COMMIT TRAN
ELSE
ROLLBACK TRAN
,
:
2627, 14, 1, 3
Violation of PRIMARY KEY constraint 'PK_'. Cannot insert duplicate key in object
'dbo.'.
The statement has been terminated.
( : 1)
(. 100).
. 100.

(1 row(s) affected), ,
, SQL-
, .
118
,
, .
ADO .NET
ADO .NET. EasyTransaction. :
.
:
using System;
namespace EasyTransaction
{
class Class1
{
[STAThread]
{
//
conn.Open();
//
myCommand.Transaction = conn.BeginTransaction(System.Data.IsolationLevel.Serializable);
try
{
"INSERT INTO ([ ], , , ) " +
"VALUES (9, '', '', '')";
"INSERT INTO [ ]" +
" ([ ], [ ], , , , ) " +
"VALUES (9, 'CA 1234567', '', '', 1234567, 996548)";
//
myCommand.Transaction.Commit();
Console.WriteLine(" ");
}
catch(Exception ex)
{
119
//
myCommand.Transaction.Rollback();
Console.WriteLine(" : "+ ex.Message);
}
finally
{
conn.Close();
}
} end Main
} end Class
} end namespace

. , (. 101).
. 101. EasyTransaction.

(. 102).
. 102. EasyTransaction.

, , :
//
. EasyTransaction
//
myCommand.Transaction = conn.BeginTransaction();
120
try
{
// ,
//
myCommand.Transaction.Commit();
}
catch(Exception ex)
{
//
myCommand.Transaction.Rollback();
finally
{
//
conn.Close();
}

:
Dirty reads . ,
. (
) , .
Non-repeatable reads . , .
. (, SELECT) .
Phantom reads . , .
, .
, .
:
Read uncommitted. , . .
Read committed. , .
.
121
Repeatable read. , .
, .
, .
Serializable. .
.
Read committed. Microsoft
SQL Server 20055 ,
(. 103).
. 103. Microsoft SQL Server 2005
(Serializable)
, . , (Read uncommitted)
. ,
.
:
SET TRANSACTION ISOLATION LEVEL
READ UNCOMMITTED
READ COMMITTED
REPEATABLE READ
SERIALIZABLE
, , , :
BEGIN TRAN SET TRANSACTION ISOLATION LEVEL SERIALIZABLE
...
ROLLBACK TRAN
isolation levels overview
122
ADO .NET :
myCommand.Transaction = conn.BeginTransaction(System.Data.IsolationLevel.Serializable);
(. 104):
Chaos.

,
,
. ,
, ;
Unspecified. ,
,
. 104.
.
.
, .
4.4.
4.4.1. DataSet, DataTable DataColumn
DataSet .
, , , DataSet DataTable. DataSet , DataTable.
( ) ().
DataTable
DataColumn DataRow. DataRelation. , Constraint UniqueConstraint
ForeighKeyConstraint . , .

, .
, . , , :
DataSet = < > = < DataTable>.
DataTable = <>.
123
DataTable = <> = < , , > =

= < DataColumn>.
DataTable = <> = < > = < DataRow>.
DataColumn = <, , >.
DataRow = <>.
DataRelation = < >.
: ,
, DataGridView?
,
, , Microsoft Word. DataSet
, , . ,
(, , )
.
DataTable DataColumn
, ADO .
, :
DataSet dsTests = new System.Data.DataSet();
//
// dsTests
//
dsTests.DataSetName = "NewDataSet";
dsTests.Locale = new System.Globalization.CultureInfo("ruRU");
, : ruRU. , , ( ).
DataTable Questions ():
DataTable dtQuestions = dsTests.Tables.Add("Questions");
//
//DataTable dtQuestions = new DataTable("Questions");
//dsTests.Tables.Add(dtQuestions);
dtQuestions DataTable,
Add Tables dsTests, Questions. dtQuestions:
DataColumn dQuestID = dtQuestions.Columns.Add("questID", typeof(Int32));
dQuestID.Unique = true;
DataColumn dcQuestion = dtQuestions.Columns.Add("question");
DataColumn dcQuestType = dtQuestions.Columns.Add("questType", typeof(Int32));
124
,
Questions. Add Columns
dtQuestions (. 105).
. 105.
Unique , , ( questID
Questions).
DataTable Variants ( ) :
//C "Variants"
DataTable dtVariants = dsTests.Tables.Add("Variants");
// "Variants"
DataColumn dcID = dtVariants.Columns.Add("id", typeof(Int32));
dcID.Unique = true;
dcID.AutoIncrement = true;
DataColumn dcVariantQuestID = dtVariants.Columns.Add("questID", typeof(Int32));
DataColumn dcVariant = dtVariants.Columns.Add("variant");
DataColumn dcIsRight = dtVariants.Columns.Add("isRight", typeof(Boolean));
AutoIncrement dcID
true. AutoIncrement ()
, Microsoft Access.
.
Questions Variants questID, . questID Questions
dQuestID, Variants
dcVariantQuestID. :
DataRelation drQuestionsVariants = new DataRelation("QuestionsVariants",
dQuestID, dcVariantQuestID);
dsTests.Relations.Add(drQuestionsVariants);
125
DataRelation drQuestionsVariants () DataRelation, "QuestionsVariants" relationName ,

drQuestionsVariants. ,
drQuestionsVariants DataRelation, , relationName ,
.
, , .
PrimaryKey

DataSet, .
Unique.
, :
DataColumn dcTouristID = new DataColumn(" ", typeof(int));
dcTouristID.Unique = true;
Variants:
DataColumn dcID = dtVariants.Columns.Add("id", typeof(Int32));
dcID.Unique = true;
dcID.AutoIncrement = true;

. Unique , . . .
, ,
, ( )
. PrimaryKey DataTable:
DataTable dtTourists = new DataTable("");
dtTourists.PrimaryKey = new DataColumn [] {dtTourists.Columns[" "]};
:
dtTourists.Columns.Add(" ", typeof(int));
dtTourists.PrimaryKey = new DataColumn [] {dtTourists.Columns[" "]};
:
DataTable dtTourists = new DataTable("");
DataColumn dcLastName = new DataColumn("",typeof(string));
dtTourists.PrimaryKey =
new DataColumn [] {dtTourists.Columns[" "],dtTourists.Columns[""]};
126
.
DataTable
AllowDBNull ( null) DataColumn,
, false.
, ,
PrimaryKey. ,
.
UniqueConstraint ForeignKeyConstraint
,
, . Constraint ()
DataTable UniqueConstraint ForeignKeyConstraint.
UniqueConstraint , ,
Questions questID. dQuestID :
DataColumn dQuestID = dtQuestions.Columns.Add("questID", typeof(Int32));
UniqueConstraint, dQuestID,
:
UniqueConstraint UC_dtQuestions = new UniqueConstraint(dQuestID);
dtQuestions.Constraints.Add(UC_dtQuestions);
dQuestID :
dQuestID.Unique = true;
, UniqueConstraint.
Unique, UniqueConstraint
.
ForeignKeyConstraint ,
. ADO
.NET ,
ForeignKeyConstraint :
UpdateRule ;
DeleteRule ;
AcceptRejectRule AcceptChanges
DataTable, .
, AcceptRejectRule,
:
Cascade ;
127
None ;
SetDefault , DefaultValue ;
SetNull Null.
AcceptRejectRule Cascade None.
UpdateRule DeleteRule Cascade,
AcceptRejectRule None.
QuestionsVariants:
ForeignKeyConstraint FK_QuestionsVariants =
new ForeignKeyConstraint(dtQuestions.Columns["questID"],
dtVariants.Columns["questID"]);
dtVariants.Constraints.Add(FK_QuestionsVariants);
, (. 106).
DataTable, ( dtVariants).
. 106. FK_QuestionsVariants
UpdateRule, DeleteRule
AcceptRejectRule , . . Cascade None, . .
,
,
. BDTur_firm.mdb, .
, . 128
, , , . . (), .
ADO .NET DataColumn, . Windows-.
, :
CommandText ConnectionString:
string commandText = "SELECT , [ ], , FROM ";
string connectionString = @"Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0;Data Source=" +
@"D:\\For ADO\BDTur_firm.mdb";
DataGridView:
public Form1()
{
OleDbConnection conn = new OleDbConnection(connectionString);
DataSet dsTours = new DataSet();
DataTable dtTours = dsTours.Tables.Add("");
DataColumn dIDtour = dtTours.Columns.Add(" ", typeof(Int32));
dIDtour.Unique = true;
DataColumn dcName = dtTours.Columns.Add("");
DataColumn dcPrice = dtTours.Columns.Add("", typeof(Decimal));
DataColumn dcInformation = dtTours.Columns.Add("");
conn.Open();
dataAdapter.Fill(dsTours.Tables[""]);
conn.Close();
dataGrid1.DataSource = dsTours.Tables[""].DefaultView;
}
(. 107).
129
. 107.
DataColumn, , dcPrice:
...
DataColumn dcPriceNDS = dtTours.Columns.Add(" c ", typeof(Decimal));
dcPriceNDS.Expression = "*0.15+";
DataColumn dcPricewithDiscount = dtTours.Columns.Add(" c ",
typof(Decimal));
dcPricewithDiscount.Expression = "*0.10";
...
Expression DataColumn
(. 108).
. 108. ,
Expression , , .

DataSet DataTable
GetChanges, (. 109).
130
. 109. GetChanges
GetChanges DataSet DataTable

,
. . 109 myDataSet (A)
myDataTable (), , GetChanges newDataSet ()
newDataTable ().
DataRowState, , ,
(Deleted) (Added).
DataSet, GetChanges,
. , , DataSet.

.
GetChanges , , . , , :
private void Form1_Closing(object sender, System.ComponentModel.CancelEventArgs e)
{ DataSet ds = dataSet11.GetChanges();
if(ds == null) return;
if(MessageBox.Show(" ?",
" ", MessageBoxButtons.YesNo,
MessageBoxIcon.Question) == DialogResult.Yes)
DataAdapter1.Update(ds);
}
131

. DataSet, DataTable DataRow
HasErrors, .
:
private void Form1_Closing(object sender, System.ComponentModel.CancelEventArgs e)
{
try
{
sqlDataAdapter1.Update(dataSet11);
}
catch(Exception ex)
{
if(dataSet11.HasErrors)
{
foreach( DataTable myTable in dataSet11.Tables)
{
if(myTable.HasErrors)
{
foreach(DataRow myRow in myTable.Rows)
{
if(myRow.HasErrors)
{
MessageBox.Show(" #: " +
myRow[" "], myRow.RowError);
foreach(DataColumn myColumn in myRow.GetColumnsInError())
{
MessageBox.Show(myColumn.ColumnName, " ");
}
myRow.ClearErrors();
myRow.RejectChanges();
}
}
}
,
DataTable, DataRow DataColumn. ClearErrors myRow, RejectChanges .
132
4.4.2. DataRow
DataSet ,
DataRow. DataSet , , DataGridView, , ,
.
DataRow, .
.

Windows-.
dtTours , :
public Form1()
{ InitializeComponent();
DataTable dtTours = new DataTable();
DataColumn dIDtour = dtTours.Columns.Add(" ", typeof(Int32));
dIDtour.Unique = true;
DataColumn dcName = dtTours.Columns.Add("");
DataColumn dcInformation = dtTours.Columns.Add("");
DataView myDataView = new DataView(dtTours);
dataGrid1.DataSource = myDataView;
}

DataGridView, myDataView DataView. DataTable DataView, , , DataTable.DefaultView. , , :
DataTable DataView
, . . (. 110).
. 110.
133
- . myDataView
:
DataRow myRow = dtTours.NewRow();
myRow[" "] = 1;
myRow[""] = "";
myRow[""] = 25000;
myRow[""] =
" ( 7)";
dtTours.Rows.Add(myRow);
(. 111). .
. 111.
:
DataRow myRow2 = dtTours.NewRow();
myRow2[" "] = 2;
myRow2[""] = "";
myRow2[""] = 32000;
myRow2[""] = " ";
dtTours.Rows.Add(myRow2);
, myRow
myRow2, , .
.
:
DataRow myRow = dtTours.NewRow();
myRow[0] = 1;
myRow[1] = "";
myRow[2] = 25000;
myRow[3] = " ( 7)";
myRow2[0] = 2;
myRow2[1] = "";
134
myRow2[2] = 32000;
myRow2[3] = " ";
.

ItemArray DataRow, :
myRow3.ItemArray = new object[] { 3, "", 30000, null };
, null, (. 112).
. 112. null
, DataSet, , . ,
( ) .
.
DataGrid:
.
, , , Rows
dtTours , 4,
, BeginEdit ,
,
EndEdit:
DataRow myRow=dtTours.Rows[4];
myRow.BeginEdit();
myRow[" "] = 5;
myRow[""] = "";
myRow[""] = "27000";
myRow[""] = " 15 ";
myRow.EndEdit();
ItemArray:
135
DataRow myRow=dtTours.Rows[4];
myRow.BeginEdit();
myRow.ItemArray = new object[]
{5,"", 27000, null, null, " 15 "};
myRow.EndEdit();
,
, null, , ,
(. 113).
. 113.
DataRow,
, Remove Rows
DataTable:
DataRow myRow2 = dtTours.Rows[0];
dtTours.Rows.Remove(myRow2);
, , , Delete:
myRow2.Delete();
(. 114), DataTable
,
(, ).
. 114. , 0,
136
RowState

, . DataRow
RowState, .
.
, , :
public Form1()
{
DataTable dtTours = new DataTable("");
DataColumn IDtour = new DataColumn(" ", typeof(Int32));
dtTours.Columns.Add(IDtour);
dataGrid1.DataSource = dtTours;
DataRow myRow;
// ,
myRow = dtTours.NewRow();
richTextBox1.Text += Convert.ToString(" : " + myRow.RowState);
// DataTable
richTextBox1.Text += Convert.ToString("\n : " + myRow.RowState);
// DataTable
dtTours.AcceptChanges();
richTextBox1.Text += Convert.ToString("\n AcceptChanges: " + myRow.RowState);
//
myRow[" "] = 1;
richTextBox1.Text += Convert.ToString("\n : " + myRow.RowState);
//
myRow.Delete();
richTextBox1.Text += Convert.ToString("\n: " + myRow.RowState);
// DataTable
dtTours.RejectChanges();
richTextBox1.Text += Convert.ToString("\n RejectChanges: " + myRow.RowState);
. myRow
(. 115).
Detached , DataTable.
Added DataTable, . ,
137
, , DataGrid .
AcceptChanges DataTable, , DataRow Unchanged , .
Delete ,
. ,
RejectChanges DataTable Unchanged.
. 115. RowState
RowState ,
. , , .
RowVersion
RowVersion ( DataRow), .
:
Current
Default
Original
Proposed
. DataRow
DataTable:
DataRow myRow;
DataTable dtTours;
,
DataGridView, :
138
public Form1()
{
dtTours = new DataTable("");
DataColumn IDtour = new DataColumn("", typeof(string));
dtTours.Columns.Add(IDtour);
myRow = dtTours.NewRow();
myRow[""] = "";
dataGrid1.DataSource = dtTours;
dataGrid1.Enabled = false;
}
TestRowVersion,
RowVersion :
private void TestRowVersion()
{
if(myRow.HasVersion(DataRowVersion.Original))
rtbReport.Text += String.Format(" original: {0}\n",
myRow["", DataRowVersion.Original]);
if(myRow.HasVersion(DataRowVersion.Current))
rtbReport.Text += String.Format(" current: {0}\n",
myRow["", DataRowVersion.Current]);
if(myRow.HasVersion(DataRowVersion.Default))
rtbReport.Text += String.Format(" default: {0}\n",
myRow["", DataRowVersion.Default]);
if(myRow.HasVersion(DataRowVersion.Proposed))
rtbReport.Text += String.Format(" proposed: {0}\n",
myRow["", DataRowVersion.Proposed]);
}
HasVersion , myRow
, . rtbReport .
btnBeginEdit ()
BeginEdit, :
private void btnBeginEdit_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)
{
myRow.BeginEdit();
myRow[""] = "";
rtbReport.Text += "BeginEdit\n";
TestRowVersion();
}
139
btnEndEdit :
private void btnEndEdit_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)
{
myRow.EndEdit();
rtbReport.Text += "EndEdit\n";
TestRowVersion();
}
btnCancelEdit :
private void btnCancelEdit_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)
{
myRow.CancelEdit();
rtbReport.Text += "CancelEdit\n";
TestRowVersion();
}
btnDelete myRow:
private void btnDelete_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)
{
myRow.Delete();
rtbReport.Text += " \n";
TestRowVersion();
}

:
private void btnClear_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
this.rtbReport.Text = "";
}
.
Begin Edit ,
. (Default) Proposed, (Current) (. 116).
140
. 116. . 1
, Cancel Edit. (Current) (Default)

(. 117).
. 117. . 2
(. 118).
141
. 118. . 3
, End Edit (Current)

(Default) (. 119).
. 119. . 4

myRow
(. 120).
142
. 120. . 5
DataTable
DataTable ,
. :
ColumnChanged ;
ColumnChanging
;
RowChanged DataRow ();
RowChanging DataRow;
RowDeleted DataRow;
RowDeleting DataRow.
DataTable:
public Form1()
{
...
dtTours.RowChanging += new DataRowChangeEventHandler(dtTours_RowChanging);
dtTours.RowChanged += new DataRowChangeEventHandler(dtTours_RowChanged);
dtTours.RowDeleting += new DataRowChangeEventHandler(dtTours_RowDeleting);
dtTours.RowDeleted += new DataRowChangeEventHandler(dtTours_RowDeleted);
...
}
:
143
private void dtTours_RowChanging(object sender, DataRowChangeEventArgs e)

rtbReport.Text += String.Format(" \n", e.Row[""]);
}
private void dtTours_RowChanged(object sender, DataRowChangeEventArgs e)
rtbReport.Text += "\n \n";
}
private void dtTours_RowDeleting(object sender, DataRowChangeEventArgs e)
rtbReport.Text += String.Format(" \n", e.Row[""]);
}
private void dtTours_RowDeleted(object sender, DataRowChangeEventArgs e)
rtbReport.Text += "\n \n";
}
.
Begin Edit, End Edit
RowChanging RowChanged. RowDeleting
RowDeleted (. 121).
. 121.
, , (RowChanging) (RowDeleting).
144
4.4.3. DataGridView
DataGridView
Microsoft Access BDTur_firm.mdb , . DataGridView , . Windows-.
DataGridView, Dock Fill. :
, OleDbCommand, CommandText:
BDTur_firm.mdb, connectionString commandText:
string commandText = "SELECT [ ], , , FROM ";
string connectionString = @"Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0;Data Source="+
@"D:\\For ADO\BDTur_firm.mdb";
string commandText2 =
"SELECT [ ], [ ], , , , " +
"FROM [ ]";
DataAdapter SelectCommand
myCommand, :
conn.Open();
DataSet:
DataSet . TableMappings
DataAdapter :
dataAdapter.TableMappings.Add("Table", "");
OleDbDataAdapter OleDbCommand
:
OleDbCommand myCommand2 = new OleDbCommand();
myCommand2.Connection = conn;
myCommand2.CommandText = commandText2;
145
OleDbDataAdapter dataAdapter2 = new OleDbDataAdapter();

, dataAdapter2 conn, dataAdapter.
commandText2 :
string commandText2 =
"SELECT [ ], [ ], , , , " +
"FROM [ ]";
OleDbDataAdapter
.
DataSet :
dataAdapter2.SelectCommand = myCommand2;
dataAdapter2.TableMappings.Add("Table", " ");
dataAdapter2.Fill(ds);
DataSet . , .
. DataColumn:
DataColumn dcTouristsID = ds.Tables[""].Columns[" "];
DataColumn dcInfoTouristsID =
ds.Tables[" "].Columns[" "];
DataRelation,
DataColumn:
DataRelation dataRelation = new
DataRelation(" ", dcTouristsID, dcInfoTouristsID);
DataSet:
ds.Relations.Add(dataRelation);
DataViewManager, DataSet
DataGrid:
DataViewManager dsview = ds.DefaultViewManager;
DataSource DataGridView
DataViewManager:
dataGrid1.DataSource = dsview;
, , DataGrid, () , , :
dataGrid1.DataMember = "";
:
conn.Close();
Form1 :
public Form1()
{
146

conn.Open();
dataAdapter.TableMappings.Add("Table", "");
OleDbCommand myCommand2 = new OleDbCommand();
myCommand2.Connection = conn;
myCommand2.CommandText = commandText2;
OleDbDataAdapter dataAdapter2 = new OleDbDataAdapter();
dataAdapter2.SelectCommand = myCommand2;
dataAdapter2.TableMappings.Add("Table", " ");
dataAdapter2.Fill(ds);
DataColumn dcTouristsID = ds.Tables[""].Columns[" "];
DataColumn dcInfoTouristsID =
ds.Tables[" "].Columns[" "];
DataRelation dataRelation = new
DataRelation(" ", dcTouristsID, dcInfoTouristsID);
ds.Relations.Add(dataRelation);
DataViewManager dsview = ds.DefaultViewManager;
dataGrid1.DataSource = dsview;
dataGrid1.DataMember = "";
conn.Close();
}
. +, , (. 122).
. 122.
147
+
. (. 123).
. 123.
. , .
, .

(. 124).
. 124.
148
DataGridView
, , ,
.
DataGridView,
.
:
dataGridView1.DataSource = dsview;
dataGridView1.DataMember = ". ";
125.
. 125.

:
dataGridView1.DataMember = ". ";

.
4.4.4. DataView
DataSet ,
, . DataView
, DataSet. ADO .NET,
, .
149

Windows-.
SQL- DataGridView.
. Form_Load:
DataView myDataView = new DataView(bDTur_firmSQL2DataSet.);
myDataView.RowStateFilter = DataViewRowState.Deleted;
dataGridView2.DataSource = myDataView;
, .
DataGridView
(. 126).
. 126.
DataView DataSet
( ) , .
(DataViewRowState.Added)

(DataViewRowState.ModifiedCurrent) :
myDataView.RowStateFilter =
((DataViewRowState)((DataViewRowState.Added | DataViewRowState.ModifiedCurrent)));
RowStateFilter 17.
RowFilter , .
150
17
RowStateFilter DataView
Unchanged
New
Deleted
Current Modified
Original Modified
:
myDataView.RowFilter = " = ''";
(. 127).
. 127.

Sort
(ascending, ASC) (descending, DESC) .
, DataGridView .
, DataView .
RowFilter, Sort ASC ( . 128):
151
myDataView.Sort = ", ASC";

. 128.

ADO .NET , DataSet, DataTable, . RowFilter
DataView .
Visual Studio 2008 Windows
Forms Control Library (. 129).
130.
. CheckedChanged
CheckBox:
public FindCheckBox()
{
txtColumnValue.Enabled = false;
chbForSearching.CheckedChanged += new
EventHandler(chbForSearching_CheckedChanged);
}
CheckedChanged
CheckBox , CheckBox.
152
. 129. Windows Forms Control Library
. 130.
private void chbForSearching_CheckedChanged(object sender, EventArgs e)

{
txtColumnValue.Enabled = chbForSearching.Checked;
}
[Category("Appearance"),
Description(" , ")]
public string ColumnName
{
get {return lblColumnName.Text;}
set {lblColumnName.Text = value;}
}
153
[Category("Appearance"), Description(" ")]

public string ColumnValue
{
get {return txtColumnValue.Text;}
set {txtColumnValue.Text = value;}
}
[Category("Appearance"), Description(" ")]
public bool SearchEnabled
{
get {return chbForSearching.Checked;}
set {chbForSearching.Checked = value;}
}
}
ColumnName, ColumnValue SearchEnabled , Properties.
, .
.
Windows-, . :
Panel, Dock Left, Splitter DataGridView
( Dock Fill).
ToolBox Toolbox
FindCheckBox.
131.
, Properties, ,
ColumnName Appearance. . .
:
private void btnSearch_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)
{
try
{
FindCustomers();
}
catch(Exception ex)
{
MessageBox.Show(ex.Message);
}
}
154
. 131.
FindCustomers, :
private void FindCustomers()
{
// filteringFields ArrayList
ArrayList filteringFields = new ArrayList();
// fcbCustomerID
if (fcbCustomerID.SearchEnabled)
// filteringFields ColumnValue
filteringFields.Add("CustomerID LIKE \'" + fcbCustomerID.ColumnValue + "%\'");
if (fcbCompanyName.SearchEnabled)
filteringFields.Add("CompanyName LIKE \'" + fcbCompanyName.ColumnValue + "%\'");
if (fcbContactName.SearchEnabled)
filteringFields.Add("ContactName LIKE \'" + fcbContactName.ColumnValue + "%\'");
if (fcbPhone.SearchEnabled)
filteringFields.Add("Phone LIKE \'" + fcbPhone.ColumnValue + "%\'");
string filter = "";
// .
// ""
if (filteringFields.Count == 1)
filter = filteringFields[0].ToString();
155
else if (filteringFields.Count > 1)

for(int i = 0; i < filteringFields.Count 1; i++)
filter += filteringFields[i].ToString() + " OR ";
// ""
//
for(int i = 0; i < filteringFields.Count 1; i++)
//
filter += filteringFields[i].ToString() + " AND ";
filter += filteringFields[filteringFields.Count 1].ToString();
}
// dvSearch DataView
DataView dvSearch = new DataView(dsCustomers1.Customers);
// RowFilter DataView filter
dvSearch.RowFilter = filter;
dataGrid1.DataSource = dvSearch;
, , , .
.
(. 132).
. 132.
156
: (. 133).
. 133.
4.4.5.
HashTable
Hashtable ,
. , . Hashtable ,
: . (Keys), (Values) object, ,
int, object!
. :
using System;
using System.Collections;
namespace HashtableExample
{ class Statistics
{ public Hashtable AbonentList;
public Statistics()
{
AbonentList = new Hashtable();
}
}
157
class Abonent
{
public string Name;
public int Phone;
public Abonent(string n, int p)
{
Name = n; Phone = p;
}
}
class Class1
{ [STAThread]
{ Abonent a1 = new Abonent("", 1234567);
Abonent a2 = new Abonent("", 3216547);
Statistics myStatistics = new Statistics();
myStatistics.AbonentList.Add(a1.Phone, a1.Name);
Console.WriteLine(myStatistics.AbonentList[685472]);
}
}
Main
Abonent,
Hashtable AbonentList (myStatistics.AbonentList) Values. Phone.
, Add() Hashtable :
. 134.
HashTable
, .
,
() (. 134).
ArrayList
ArrayList, Hashtable,
System.Collections,
158
.
.
ArrayList 16
object.
ArrayList 32 .
.
.
.
using System;
using System.Collections;
namespace ClassArrayList
{
class Class1
{
[STAThread]
{
ArrayList ar = new ArrayList();
ar.Add("A");
ar.Add("AB");
ar.Add("ABC");
ar.Add("ABCD");
ar.Add("ABCDE");
ar.Add("ABCDEF");
ar.Add("ABCDEFG");
ar.Add("ABCDEFGH");
ar.Add("");
ar.Add("");
Console.WriteLine(" :\n");
foreach (object element in ar)
{
Console.WriteLine(element);
}
ar.Remove("ABCD");
{
}
ar.Insert(6, "XYZ");
Console.WriteLine(" \n :\n");
{
159
. 135. ArrayList
}
ar.Clear();
{
}
} // end Main()
} // end class
} // end namespace
135.
135 ,
ArrayList ,
object.
.
4.5. 4
1. , . 4.1.2.
2. - . 4.1.3.
3. , , , .
4. . ? (. 12)?
5. UML- , btnFill_Click (. 4.1.3).
6.
InfoMessage (. 9).
7. , (. 13), .
8. , (7-) .
9. , 2 (. 2.6).
160
10. , (9-) .
11. , (. 14), SQL Management Studio
. ,
.
12. , (. 15), Visual Studio 2008 . , .
13. , 75 76.
14. Command (.4.3.2)
13. :
Microsoft Access Microsoft SQL Server.
15. , . 4.3.2, CommandType CommandText
Command.
16. ExecuteNonQuery,
ExecuteScalar, ExecuteReader Command?
17.
?
18. Windows-,
. 4.3.3 (. 87 90),
ExecuteScalar Command / .
19. ?
20.

. , EasyTransaction (. 101, 102).
21. ( ) Questions Variants (. DataTable
DataColumn 4.4.1)?
22.
DataTable?
23. . 4.4.1, ,
dsTests ( DataSet),
questID ( DataTable) (Questions) (Variants),
ForeignKeyConstraint.
161
24. , 23,
.
GetChanges DataSet
.
25. , 24, .
: ) ,
) ,
)
ItemArray DataRow, ) DataRow BeginEdit EndEdit.
26. RowState, RowVersion DataRow?
27. DataTable ?
28. , RowVersion
(. RowVersion . 4.4.2), ColumnChanged
ColumnChanging, (
RowChanged, RowChanging,
RowDeleted, RowDeleting).
29. , 24,
DataGridView, DataGridView.
30. ?
?
31. ?
?
32. , (.
. 4.4.4, . 132-133), .
33. Hashtable, ArrayList? ?
, .
. ,
, . , . , . , .
162

ADO .NET, Microsoft, .NET Framework. ADO .NET, Microsoft
.NET Framework, , ( 136).
ADO .NET
. 136. ADO.NET
ADO.NET , Microsoft, ADO, ADO.

ADO .NET ADO
.
ADO.NET ,
,
. ,
.
, ADO .NET . .NET .
, ADO .NET,
System.Data. , .NET, ADO .NET .NET.
ADO .NET :
. ADO .NET
. DataAdapter,
ADO .N.
ADO .N . ADO .NET
.
SQL SERVER SqlConnection. .NET.
ADO.NET :
Connection. , ( OleDbConnection, SqlConnection, OracleConnection).
163
Transaction. (OleDbTransaction, SqlTransaction, OracleTransaction). ADO .NET System.Transaction.

DataAdapter. ADO .NET. , , , .
(DataAdapter SqlDataAdapter, OracleDataAdapter)
Command. ,
.
Parameter. .
DataReader. .
, , , , , , . .

, ADO .NET
, .
,
,
. -
, .
DbConnection , .
.
. .
ADO .NET ,
. ,
. , , ADO .N , , ADO .N , .
ADO.NET , . ,
.
, ACID,
: (Atomic), (Consistent),
(Isolated) (Durable). 164
,
IsolationLevel, : Chaos, ReadUncommited, ReadCommited, RepeatableRead, Snapshot,
Serializable.
ADO .NET .
ADO .NET ,
. System.Transactions
.
ADO.NET .
.NET , .NET Framework
OleDb, SqlClient, OracleClient, ODBC
. IDbTransaction System.Data.
. ,
.
, . , ADO .NET,
. DataAdapter.
, . , , .

, . ,
, ,
, .
,
.

.
, .
ADO .NET DataSet DataTable.
ADO.NET , .
ADO .NET:
DataSet. DataSet
ADO.NET. ,
, .
165
DataTable. .
DataColumn, DataRow, .
DataView. .
DataRelation. ,
.
ADO.NET
, , , .
166

ACID, 164
ADO .NET, 5, 163
, 163
DCL, 93
deny, 93
grant, 93
revoke, 93
DDL, 38, 92
alter, 92
as, 70
create, 92
create procedure, 70
create table, 38
drop, 80, 92
DML, 39
delete, 39, 89
insert, 39, 89
update, 39, 89
ER-, 10
SQL, 32
BEGIN TRAN, 117
between, 36
COMMIT TRAN, 117
DECLARE, 117
from, 33
group by, 36
in.., 36
inner join, 73
left join, 73
like, 37
null, 37
order by, 35
percent, 35
ROLLBACK TRAN, 117
select, 33
where, 33, 36
SQL-,
avg, 37, 94
count, 36, 93
max, 37, 94
min, 37, 94
sum, 37
Windows-, 42, 56, 60, 61, 88,
98, 108, 112, 113, 129, 133, 137, 138, 145,
150, 154
, 7, 11
(), 7
, (), 7
, , 8
, 13
, 13
, 13
, 7
, 32
, 97
Bottom, 104
Cascade, 127
Detached, 137
Details, 104
Fill, 88
input, 113
InputOutput, 113
None, 128
output, 113
ReturnValue, 113
SetDefault, 128
SetNull, 128
StoredProcedure, 86
TableDirect, 86
Text, 86
, 132
, 44
Database, 44
Object, 44
Service, 44
(Binding Source), 49
ArrayList, 158
Hashtable, 157
OleDbCommand, 87
OleDbConnection, 87
OleDbDataAdapter, 87
OleDbException, 65
Parameters, 113
SqlCommand, 88
SqlConnection, 88
SqlDataAdapter, 88
SqlError, 64
SqlException, 64
TableAdapter, 53
, 17
, 12
, 38
, 38
167
, 7,
12, 127
, 12
Binding Source, 42
BindingNavigator, 50
CheckBox, 152
DataGridView, 47, 56, 129
DataSet, 47
ListBox, 104, 113
ListView, 104
Panel, 50
Splitter, 104, 113
TableAdapter, 48
TextBox, 50
, 135
AcceptChanges, 138
Add, 99, 125, 158
BeginEdit, 135
ClearErrors, 132
Close, 61
CreateCommand, 87
Delete, 136
Dispose, 61
EndEdit, 135
ExecuteNonQuery, 89, 91
ExecuteReader, 95, 104
ExecuteScalar, 93, 104
Fill, 54
Get<>, 105
GetChanges, 130
HasVersion, 139
InitializeComponent, 56, 86
Read, 96
RejectChanges, 132, 138
Remove, 136
Update, 53
, 65

, 10
, 15
, 12

(1) , 13
(2) , 13
(3) , 13
(4) , 13
Command, 86
, , 87
Connection, 60, 87, 112

Constraint, 123
DataAdapter, 54
DataColumn, 53, 123, 129, 130
DataReader, 95, 96, 105
DataRelation, 53, 123, 126
DataRelationCollection, 53
DataRow, 123, 133, 135, 137
DataSet, 53, 123
DataTable, 53, 106, 123, 133
DataTable.DefaultView, 133
DataTableCollection, 53
DataView, 133, 150
DataViewManager, 146
DBCommand, 54
DBConnection, 54
ForeighKeyConstraint, 123
Rows, 53
UniqueConstraint, 123
DataRelation, 146
, 12
SQL Server, 64
, 64
CommandText, 56, 85
ConnectionString, 56, 59
, 7
, 129
AcceptRejectRule, 127
DeleteRule, 127
UpdateRule, 127
, , 89, 93, 95, 119,
157, 159
, 56
System.Collections, 158
System.Data, 56
System.Data.OleDb, 56
System.Data.SqlClient, 56
, , 67, 113
, 71
, 83, 108

, 75
, 78
, 80, 83
, 78
, 66
, 67
,
DataBindings, 51
168
Advanced, 51
AllowDBNull, 127
AutoIncrement, 125
AutoSize, 61
BindingSource, 50
Columns, 104, 125
CommandType, 86
Connection, 86
Constraint, 127
DataSource, 43
DataType, 53
Direction, 113
Dock, 56, 88, 104
Errors, 65
Expression, 130
ForeignKeyConstraint, 127
GridLines, 104
HasErrors, 132
ItemArray, 135
Message, 65
NativeError, 65
PrimaryKey, 126
Relations, 53
RowFilter, 150, 152
Rows, 135
RowState, 137
RowStateFilter, 150
RowVersion, 138, 139
SelectCommand, 145
Sort, 151
SQL State, 65
TableMappings, 145
Tables, 53
Unique, 125, 127
UniqueConstraint, 127
View, 104
, 19
--, 20
--, 20
--, 20
, 9
CheckedChanged, 152
ColumnChanged, 143
ColumnChanging, 143
Disposed, 61
InfoMessage, 61
RowChanged, 143
RowChanging, 143
RowDeleted, 143
RowDeleting, 143
StateChange, 61

, 59
, 12
, 15
, 20
, 16, 24
, 19
, 115
, 120
, 121
Dirty reads, 121
Non-repeatable reads, 121
Phantom reads, 121
, 121
Chaos, 123
Read committed, 121
Read uncommitted, 121
Repeatable read, 122
Serializable, 122
Unspecified, 123
, 122, 123
, 8
, 10
, , 36
169

1. ADO .NET
[
].
:
http://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/ADO.NET/, . . .
2. ADO. NET [ ] / . . , . . : http://www.codenet.ru/db/other/ado-dot-net/, . . .
3. ADO.NET: [ ]. :
http://www.cyberguru.ru/dotnet/ado-net/adonet-overview.html,
.
. .
4. C# 2005 / . , . , . , . ,
. , . . ; -; : ,
2007.
5. , . . .
- / . . . . : , 2003.
6. , . . Windows- Visual C# /
. . . . : . , -
., 2007.
7. , . . Microsoft ADO. NET / . . . . : . , - ., 2007.
8. , . # 2005 : / .
. . , . . . : , 2008.
9. , . . Windows / . . .
, , 2003.
10., . . C# 2.0 / . . .
. : . , -
., 2007.
11. # 2005 : / . . . ,
. . . : , 2008.
12., . Microsoft Windows C# / . . 2 . : . . . : - , 2002.
170

C#. DO .NET

. .
020640 22.10.97.
29.10.2009. 6084/16.
. . . 10,23. 100 . 1200.
, 432027, . , . , 32.
, 432027, . , . , 32.
171

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C#

1.3. Microsoft Access

. , Microsoft Access (. 10).

1.4. Microsoft SQL Server

. 14. Microsoft SQL Server Management Studio Express

. 16. Management Studio

, . . . , Access. Access SQL Server,

. 17. Management Studio

1.4.2. Microsoft SQL

Microsoft SQL Server.

, . Windows (Windows authentification)

where <, >, >=, <=.

, , between <_> and <_> (. 33):

. 40. Binding Source

, , Add Project Data Source

. 54. DataBindings Advanced

. 55. DataBindings Advanced

3.2. ADO .NET

3.2.2. ( DataTable DataColumn)

3.2.6. DBConnection DBCommand

3.3. Server Explorer

. 58. Server Explorer

ConnectionString. string CommandText 56

ConnectionString. DataAdapter, , cmdText conString, cmt cns

DataSet, DataAdapter, DataTable,

, , . True, False SSPI (SSPI

SQL Server, ( 11).

Min Pool Size

. 63. exec sp_databases

. 64. Microsoft SQL Server

NorthWind SQL Server 2000,

create procedure proc1

create procedure proc2 as

create procedure proc3 as

create procedure proc4 as

create procedure proc5 as

create procedure proc6 as

create procedure proc7 as

create procedure proc8 as

create procedure proc9 as

create procedure proc10 as

inner join , (),

exec proc_p6 '', 28

4.2.4. Management Studio

-- command (CtrlShiftM) to fill in the parameter

4.2.5. Visual Studio 2008

. 73. (Query Builder)

private string commandText = "SELECT * FROM ";

nition Language, DDL)

SqlCommand myCommand = conn.CreateCommand();

MessageBox.Show(" ", " ");

MessageBox.Show(" ", " ");

myCommand.Parameters.Add("@", SqlDbType.NVarChar, 50);

private void btnRun_proc6_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)

@LastName Parameters, output Direction:

VALUES (9, 'CA 1234567', '', '', 1234567, 996548);

. 103. Microsoft SQL Server 2005

DataTable = <> = < , , > =

DataRelation drQuestionsVariants () DataRelation, "QuestionsVariants" relationName ,

GetChanges DataSet DataTable

, Cancel Edit. (Current) (Default)

, End Edit (Current)

private void dtTours_RowChanging(object sender, DataRowChangeEventArgs e)

OleDbDataAdapter dataAdapter2 = new OleDbDataAdapter();