1

A J (
).
NaNO2 H2O2, t H2SO4
A B C D
HCl C4H11N Zn, HCl C4H9NO
HCl HCOONH4 NH2OH NH2
1) NaBH4 O H2O2
E F
2) H2SO4 ., t CF3COOH
1) O3 1) Br2, CH3COOH Na
2) NaBH4 2) HNO3 SeO2 OH (C2H5)2O

LiAlH4 Pb(CH3COO)4
G H I J
C2H4O2 C4H6O2 Al(OC3H7)3
A J.
2
, B C X Y,

.. . (, B
C) D
( X). ( pH 7)
E ( B). E
Y. , B C,
.
m(D), m(E), t
8.75 9.567 100
26.25 4.783 12
43.75 13
m(D) m(E) , B C.
1. X Y , B, C, D E.
2. .
3. , , UF4
Co3O4. , ,
SbF5, NOF. .
4. C , -
, B . .
5. ?
, .
-1-
 3

X: X , SiO2
NaOH t0 t 0

A- CaOCl2 Ca Al
0
+ t t0
B HCl
D
C X
, .
; ,
F.
E 40% HF
G, F.
AgNO3
; AgNO3
F , .

.
1. X A G.
2. .
3. X, E, F, C G. OXO
C G (109.5).

4

M (, ) ,
- . R M
.
()
( ).
.
1. a)
;

-2-
 b)
R + M R, kp;
c)
R + R' R-R', kt;
d) [R]
rin kt;
e) ,
[R].
, ,
.

.
.
2. CH2=CHBr,
. E(C-H) = 400420 -1,
E(C=C) = 630 -1, E(C-C) = 346 -1, E(C-Br) = 310 -1.
,
,
.
rin = 2bIa (b , Ia
,
).
645 (
10.0 /, e = 16000 /,
l = 0.50 ).
C = 1.010-4 /, 2.0 /.
3. : a) Ia = I0 - I /;
b) b = 0.60;
c) ( ) kp2 / kt = 0.0100 /.
:
lg(I / I0) = elC E = hc / h = 6.6310-34 c = 3.00108 /

-3-
 5

, 3,3',5,5'- (
), : 2 + 2+.
,
: + = + 2+ ( K).

H3N NH3 HN NH
Cl Cl
A
H H

H2N NH2 H2N NH2

Cl Cl Cl B Cl
C
1. K2S2O8, .
2. a) - ,
6.5 ( )
,
2.0104 3.0105 ? b)
K ( = 5104).
3. , . 2a,
5.5 .
? , .
4. 5.0 , . 2,
D. ,
.
D? , .

-4-
 6
( meta tithemi )
. 2005 . . , .
.
(A=B + C=D A=C + B=D)
.
a) ; b)
.
1. a) -2, b) -1,11.
(A) A1,
. ,
, .
B B1, .
C8H17
C8H17

A
C8H17 B
C8H17
2. A1 B1.
(C) .
C
D, 2,3--5,6--1,4-
(DDQ) S, .

H2C CH2 DDQ

D S
KM C21H12
C
3. , C
,
C .
4. , D S.
5. D C. , .
6. S.

-5-
 7
, ,
.
( , )
.
1. (B) ().
HO tBuOOH SO3 *
A B OH
* N OH
N * *
O N
H NaOH N
+ Cl C D E
2. ,
E NaCl.
3.
1000 116000 /.
.
4. ,
.
, ,
, .
.
5. ,
.
6. ,
.
7. - ((C4H9)(C6H4)OH)
NaOH F 648.
F .

-6-
 8
,
, ,
.
50.0 .
CuSO4 5.00 0.100 CuSO4 0.0077 .
ZnSO4 5.00 0.100 ZnSO4
0.0012 .
0 0
Cu 2+
/Cu = +0.337 , Zn 2+
/Zn = 0.763 .
0.059 [Ox]
E = E0 + n lg [Red], n .

.
1. , .
, ?
2. , 0.01 ZnSO4 0.05 CuSO4.
3. .
4. .
5. 50.0 CuSO4 9.94 /
(V = 25.0 , c = 0.24) 0.2289 .
2+ [Cu(NH3 ) 24+ ]
[Cu(NH3)4] . K = .
[Cu 2+ ][NH3 ]4

-7-