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Authorized translation from the english language edition, entitled COMPJXTE MANUAL OF TYK)GWHY, THE,
1st Edition, 0321127307 by FELICI, JAMES, published by Pearson Education, Inc, publishing as Adobe Press,
Copyright @ O 3 . All rights Itsenred. No p a t of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any Eo~mor by any means,
electm~ucor mechanical, including photocopying, recording or by any information storage retrieval system, witimut permis-
sion from Pearson Education, Inc. RUSSIAN lanbwage edition published by BHV- St. Petenburg, Copyright O 2004.
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YCT~HOBKM no YMOAZI~HF~H) ..................;................................................................. 225
Bbm~heme~i y c r p a ~ e ~n~pioe6 h e ~sepcncn ........................... . . ......................225
Pasperne~~bre ~ l cxamxeh ~ CTPOKH ....................................................................... 226
O T A ~n K e p~e ~ o c o.............................................................................................
~ 226
M c n p a ~ h e ~npo6eno~
~ie ....................................................................................... 227
n p 0 6 h e ~ b <<riBeTas
1 a6aaqa ..................................................................................... 228
B ~ i c m ce r p o ~........................................................................................................
~i 230
C n a c e ~ ~Ni eB ~ O B ~ ................................................................................................
I, 231
n0MoIIXb <<CHpOTeB............................................................................................... 231
Bep~nKaAb~oe BbIpaBHFiBElHFie ................................................................................. 232
Bep~FiKaAbHoeBbIpaBHHBElHHe TeKCTOBOI'O ~ A O ..............................................
K ~ 234
Kopwopbr B T e ~ c r e.................................................................................................. 234
B c ~ e m p~saa ~ o r oK P ~ S........................................................................................... 236
r ~ a 12 .
~ aOTCTJ'IIBIEi BbIPSLBHWBaHHe ................................... 257
B W ~OI T ~ I ~ ~ .......................................................................................................
O B 257
O r c ~ y n. 6 y ~ .....................................................................................258
a ~ p ~ a6saqa
llomorm~b~e 0~erym.1............................................................................................ 259
B H C ~ Y~ HO~ K EIHn o c ~ o m m e0~crym.1........................................................... 260
A63am1e OTCTYII~I ............................................................................................... 260
A63au~b1Go ~ c r y n p +~n a r o s o ~na6ope ....................................................... 262
h a 3 OT a63aq~oroo ~ c ~ y n.............................................................................
a 262
OTcrynb~BTIDKICOG .............................................................................................2 6 3
&c?ynb1 no TOYKe EZhH 3H;LKY ................................................................................ 264
H a K n o ~ ~ KOAOHKH
b~e ~ a 6 0 pH a 0 6 ~ e ~ a ~..............................................................
ne 265
HaKno~~bre ~ A O K HTeKcfa ................................................................................266
npkmukmb1o 6 ~ e ~ ............................................................................................
m s 266
O ~ T ~ K~PXM0)TOhbHkiKOB
~ H H ~ ......................................................................268
O ~ T ~ KO ~~ H ~ ~H K ~Tnenpasmbnofi
O B + o p ~ b l.......................................................271
Bbxpa~misame~ Y K BH TeKCTOBbX ~ A O K O B................................................................272
C-rpa~~lua H cema r u p ~ l + ~....................................................................
a 273
T e ~ m o s a aPpaMa H ee BbIpaBHMBaHHe ..........................................................273
B~PH-I BepTElKaAbHOrO BbIpilBHuBXIHX .............................................................274
B b r p a s ~ ~ s a mnoe sepxy .....................................................................................275
Bbrpasmswne no uem-py ................................................................................... 276
Bbrpa~nmameno HH3Y ................................................................................... 277
B~lcsque3HaKPi .........................................................................................................277
B~3yahb~oe BbIpaBHHBaHEIe .........................................................................................278
Coaepma~ue XXl
XXII CoJepxanue
.
r n a ~ a14 CTPYICTYP~n0KyMeHTa
m npasmna ~ ~ n o r p a + m ~ u ....................................... 313
C-rpyr~qpm~e ~A~M~HT .............................................................................................
LI 313
~ ~ ~ O A O BrAElK HBLI ......................................................................................................315
~OA~WOAOBKM .........................................................................................................316
O c o 6 e ~ ~ oO m T ~ H B O KB 3WOAOBKaX .................................................................. 319
~ ~ T J T B~ 3WOAOBKaX
L I .........................................................................................
320
~ ~ ~ O A O BBK0H 6 0 p ~ y.............................................................................................
320
B L I A ~ A ~UHMH T ~~TI................................................................................................
~~I 321
P ~ X H c-rpyr~qp~x
M A o ~ p e m Ma orna~neaae..................................................... 322
00pMa XIpeACTaBAeHIvr CrpYKTJ'PbIAOKyMeHTa ................................................. 323
Ornasne~~ ...........................................................................................................
e 324
C p e ~ c m aH m ~ r a q ~..................................................................................................
n 325
H y ~ e p a ~ ~c lrrpr a ~ .....~ q ..........................................................................................
; 326
K O A O H T ~ ~............................................................................................................
ALI 327
C ~ p o npononmeHlUl
~a ..............................................................................................
328
Map~epbiKo~uaMa~epaana............................................................................... 330
H ~ ~ ~ B M TeKCTOBbIe
C H M ~ I3AeMeHTLI ~ .........................................................................
330
n o n n ~ Hc n~e r e a n ~................................................................................................
~ 331
CHOCKH .......................................................................................................................
332
kern^ II x m e p n ~ m r r xB C H O C K ~ X ........................................................................ 333
~ l e ..........................................................................................
B b ~ p a n m a a ~CHOCOK 335
Y K ~ ~ ~CHOCOK M
.
T ~ A.................................................................................................
r
336
B C I I O M O ~ ~ TyKa3aTeAM
~ A ~ H L I(MHA~KCLI)
~ ...................................................................
337
LUPII+T M kern^ AAX y ~ a 3 a ~ e n............................................................................
ei 337
C m u O T C T ~ ~ OyB~ a s a ~ e n ...................................................................................
ef 338
C ~ m Bb n o ~ 6 o p..................................................................................................... 339
CT~lnbC OTcTynaMM ............................................................................................... 340
np06ne~b1p a s p ~ ~ c-rpa~~lu aa B y~a3a~enrrx ..........................................................
340
~ ~ 6 n ~ o r p a + ~ s oe n c ~~ ocea ..................................................................................
~~e 341
IIp06hem1 ~ H I I + I ~ ~ I I P O B ~ H H OIIOAXOAa
~O K IIOCTpOeHIIIo T ~ ~ A M..................
U 350
rapHHTYpa. KerAb H MHTepAHHbXX .......................................................................... 352
B ~ I P ~ ~ B M BB~~HaH6 X n ~ u .....................................................................................
ax 353
~TCT~IB I ~Xsef
I ax ~ a 6 m u b 1.............................................................................
354
P a s r p a m i ~ m e n ~ n~ m b ~r e i i ~B ~ a 6 n ~ u a............................................................
x 355
T e m k i ~ a~ a 6 o p ~a a 6 m 4............................................................................................
355
COTHOLII~M~ IlIMpPiH KOAOHOK ki npo6eno~MeXAy HHMM ....................................357
~ H T ~ ~ A H HB ~~ X aX6 n ~ u ......................................................................................
ax 358
~ I H T ~ P A~ I~I ~H~ ~~ ~ ~ H W Y H TAMHeeK ~ A L H.....................................................
~ I X 358
~ e q ~ p o s a mTiee~ c r aMemy n m e i i ~ a m..........................................................
i 361
Bb~paswi~awle 3WOAOBKOB H AXIHbIX .................................................................... 363
n p o 6 n e ~ b BbIpaBHHBmX
1 YHCAOBbIX naHHbIX ...................................................... 364
Bucswe ~ H ~ KB YMCAOB~IX M ~ a 6 n ~ q ...................................................................
ax 366
B~IP~BHMB~LHH~ 3 H Z O B BaAIOTbI ..............................................................................368
f i ~ e i6e3 i ~~~~ a ~ e m..............................................................................................
iii 369
kIMmpykre ................................................................................................................. 370
.
rnasa 17 T e x ~ o n o mc ~ w n e i i .............................................. 385
Karc p a 6 o ~ a T ~HOAOITIX CTmefi ............................................................................ 385
eeX
Pacnesama ~a6mub1 c m e i i ................................................................................... 387
C'I'HAHCUMBOAbHbIe Li a63mb1e .............................................................................. 387
C m a uenyrouero a63a4a ......................... . . ................................................. 388
Cosname m a ............................................................................................................ 388
Hachenoaamie m e i i ..............................................................................................389
Co3ame ems Ha O C H O B ~cymemymuzero Te~cra............................................391
kTcno~b30same~a6-u cruneii .............................................................................392
Ynaheme m e i i ...................................................................................................... 393
Mow+nmpym~neY C T ~ H O B K...............................................................................
~ 393
EIcno~bsosanne m e i i CO~A~HFIX nepeonpeneneIMii................................394
~ I O n~3C aK~ em~ ae i i ..................................................................................... 3 9 5
~ e n c~pymypan o ~ y ~ e w.............................................................
A 6 3 a u ~ crunw ra 395
Phmopmpoaa~aem e i i ........................................................................................ 396
.
rnasa 18 npo6ne~axpa3peme~~ur
n p sd~sone
~ ......................399
I ' I p e v e m a sbico~oropa3peruem ....................................................................399
~ ~ K T Oonpenexmane
P~I, Y ~ T K q O n~ @ a npa n e ~ a m ................................. 400
nesam c M ~ K E I M p a ~ p e m e m .............................................................................
e~ 400
H36eraiiTe Men~oroKerm ................................................................................... 402
EIa6erah-e B~IBOPOTOK n Te~craHa +one ...........................................................402
H36eraiiTe na6opa non y r n o ~ Te~craKmxnoro Kerm ..................................402
3 ~ p a m ~ 1q i in + .....................................................................................................
~ 403
IIIpn+-rb~, qR~3 ~ p a ~ n onpencrasnemx
r0 ............................................................. 403
dpyfue cnoco6b1y A p m e m pa360p~moc~n Ha 3~pane ...................................... 405
Tmorpa+ma n ~ o s a rnay~nxia i ...................................................................... 4 0 7
b ~ ....................................................................................................408
l I e p c n e ~ m CSS
ZITO M O I ~ Tn e ~ a m~ a c ~ w w ~ e ..................................................................409
K o M M ~ H T ~ ~IIepeBOn9HKa
HH .................................................. 413
K rnase 1 ..................................................................................................................
413
K rnase 2 ...................................................................................................................
422
K rnase 3 ...................................................................................................................
424
K rnase 4 ...................................................................................................................
432
K rnase 5 ...................................................................................................................
434
K rnase 6 ..................................................................................................................
436
K rnase 7 ...................................................................................................................
439
K rnase 8 ............................................................................................................... 439
K rnase 9 .................................................................................................................
442
K rnase 10 ...............................................................................................................444
K rnase 11 .................................................................................................................
446
K rnase 12 .................................................................................................................
447
K rnase 13 ...............................................................................................................
449
K rnase 14 .................................................................................................................
451
K rnase 15 ...............................................................................................................
455
K rnane 18 ............................................................................................................... 456
qpyrmn C A O B ~ M ~-, K ~ Knpo-
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O
+ ~ C C M O H ~ ~~
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n B e p C T a T b TeKCT.
osepem, oxia nocamqeea rupucPry B nomrpa+m, XOTR
TCM, K T 0 ZIHTaeT TeKCT C 3 K p a H a MOHFiTOpa, BCe P a B H O
nymna ~ ~ l n o r p a + n s e c ~nao xn a e p m K a , n o c K o A b K y
B b I B o n rupe+~aH a 3 ~ p Hae 0~6 x o n m c f i 6e3 H e e .
K n ~ r aopram30sa~aT ~ K H M06pa30~,w o B ~ MO- I
me-re M C ~ O A L ~ O B ~ee T Lnaomo: ax ~ Y ~ ~ H K U OKT,O P ~ I ~ ~
cnenye-r r I m a T b OT KOPKU AO KOPKM, M K a K cnpanos-
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H~O~XO~MMOCTM.
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~ ~ H H O C T X rMu p ~ + ~(style
a guide), a ero n p n M e H e m m
(execution guide). B KHMre H e O ~ % B C H I I ~ T C XH,a n p M M e p ,
n o s e M y nywue ~ b 1 6 p a nr a p H m y p y Bembo, a H e rap-
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~b16paHHb1ji LUPU* Ha&keXaL4MM o6paao~. Xoporuati
,UM3alH H e B O 3 M O X e H 6e3 r p a M O T H O BbInOAHeHHOrO
~ a 6 o p rau p F i + ~ a .
n p m ~ l h ~al m
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HeCKOAbKO C T O A ~ T I 38
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BTO BpeMff T e X H O A O ~ k CMAbHO
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y T H ~ ' I o I ' P ~ ~ M KOCTahaCb
M XIpeXCHek n p a B l z ? b ~ b 1 2 BbI-
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AMMbIX XlpMffl'HOrO M nOAe3HOI'O W e H M R . XOTR
B KHMre ~ ~ ' ~ R C H I I ~ T K
C aI K
I , IIpaKTUYeCKW nOAb30BaTbCR
COBPeMeHHbIMM K O M n b m e P H b I M F i CpeACTBaMU, R nFi-
cah npemne B c e r o o H e n p e x o n r r r r r M x n m H a x . C C ~ I A K ~
H a KOHKPeTHbIe n P O r P a M M b I CBeAeHbI K MHHHMYMY
(T~M
H e M e H e e , BO3MOXHOCTII 6 0 ~ b m m I aI p O l p M M
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He BCe C # ~ Y H K U H O H ~ A ~B03MOXHOCTkl,
H~I~ KOTOpble O ~ C ~ X A ~ H ) T C eCTb
II, B K~X~OG
nporpaMMe m a onepawio~~oti c k i c r e M e , HO HH o n H a 113 HHX H e n p w y M a H a a p e a ~ ~ a o ~ a -
H a B TOM MnH WHOM n p H A o X e H H H . h 6 0 ~ TyX n ~ r p a C j I yHAH 11a60pw~~y OCTaeTCX TOAb-
KO H w e m c x , =froo,g~axcnb~ B c e OHH 06ae,g~~xrcrr B o n ~ o inip o r p a M M e . B TO x e B p e M a
a O n H c a A MHOXeCTBO IIpHeMOB, I I O 3 B O A ~ U @ i X~ 0 6 F i T b ~ Xf tO p O u l e r O aa6opa B CYUleCTBy-
K ) ~ H X n, o K a ewe H e y H m e p c a n b H b r x n p o r p w a x .
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p TOAbKO npki I l p H C T U b H O M BHHMZLHHEI K M P i p I l W a M
~ e ~ b g a i i r u I ne~aheii.
ix OHC T ~ O ~ C nonqac I I H a AOMX K ~ ~ ~ A LEI H O ~ perue~uf,
COTHXX
cyuremesao B n E I a I o q H x H a ero r p a + ~ ~ s e c ~n poeen c T a B n e H H e . Ha6op urpaC#l~a H sep-
CTK~ ~ p e 6 y mK~a ,K O A H a X n b I H-CaA MOG K o M e r a , n p e a e A b H 0 f CTOGKOCTM,cnoco6aoii
IIpOTEIBOCTOXTb O ~ B H H ~ H H RBMH3AHUIHeM BHMMaHLIII K MeAOYaM.
MbI OnHCLIBaeM 3TOT IIPOLleCC, 0Tp;UKPH)T eAHHCTB0
TCXHHKH, T e X H O A O r H l i H OIILITL, HaKOllAeHHbIX 38
500 AeT, c T e x nop, K a K n o A y - r u n a c B o e p a s s m e cwc-
TeMa neqam EIorm~ar y ~ e ~ 6 e p r ao"c H o B a H H u H a
npuaxpine nonaaxworo rupa@a. 0 Y e n b M H o r o OTKP~I-
TIlti H ~ 3 0 6 p e ~ e mn fe in p e m e M y ~ c n o ~ b 3 CyK Px~ I -
T b I e B O ~ O A O Y KIIPEIBbIYHblX
~ CerOAHX KOMnLIOTePHLIX
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HbIX TeKCTOBbIX I I ~ O U ~ C C O ~ ~ X P) . OH ~ C ~ X A ~ H E I H
m p ~ + ~H ea0 6 0 h c b 6e3 CAOB, B KOTOP~IX e c T b KOP-
IM HeMeUKOrO, ( P P ~ I ~ ~ ~ c H
K KTaAbXHCKOTO
o ~ o X3bIKOB.
kI H e B 3 T Z - I H a MHOrOBeKOByIO 3 B O N O W H ) KHHrO-
n e s a T a m R , + y H A & f e W T a A b ~ b ~ e I I p H H ~ E I I I b IH ~ ~ O P H ~ I X
npoueccoa nerre B c e r o nom'rb, o 6 p a m r r r ~ cK ~cno-
co6y, KOTOpbIM ryre~6epr3CtAYMaA ~ a 6 ~ p I aU p~P ibc p ~ .
B 3~0fir n a B e ~ s n a r m c nO C H O B ~ IH ~ ~ O P H ~npouec-
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a KaHcAaR 6 y ~ -
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ofi ITpoGen M e m n y ~ s o 6 p a m e m e ~ T o p e m p a + ~ a )o y e p T a I l u R 311a-
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If it had been intended to leave it in the discretion of If it had been intended to leave it in the discretion of the
the legislature to apportion the judicial power be- legislature to apportion the judicial power between the
tween the supreme and inferior courts according to supreme and inferior courts according to the will of that
the will of that body, it would certainly have been body, it would certainly have been useless to have pro-
useless to have proceeded further than to have de- ceeded further than to have defined the judicial power
fined the judicial power and the tribunals in which it and the tribunals in which it should be vested. The sub-
should be vested. The subsequent part of the section sequent part of the section is mere surplusage-is entire-
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FOR SALE One sllghrly used Monormc FORSALE Oor slightly uwd M o n o m r m o g machine
casting machine In impeccable working in i w b t e working o r b , inoludmg m&r aod a
order, Including matrices and a liletlmc hfeb31y of paper rape Manuals mmi caodl:ian.
8uppIy 01 paper Iapc. Manuals in mint m y Fardeudsuldpncmg.cnlt1301-555-6178
condition. hardly used. For derails and
prlcing. call 1-201-555-6278.
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p e ) Pa3MeCTkiTb 3HaYtlTeAbHO 6 0 ~ b r u eTeKCTa H a CTPaHHUe, + O P M ~ T
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fi
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visitors from North America. The more commonly sighted KOM~H A ~ a63aya cosxae~
lcouga
O T C T ~B HaZiahe cneny~oweji
ones include: *.
npotcll, a KohxaH+aa?congacmpolcu
Magpie < 1
HawiHaeT cneny~o~uy~o C T ~ O K ~
Roller
6e3 06pa30na1m~IIoBoro a6saua
Blue-Cheeked Bee Eater",<-
Golden Oriole
Kestrel 4
Apart from the Magpie and Kestrel, these birds are
migratory, and only spend the summer months in the south.
K O M ~ Hyenmpupooama
A~ cmpolcy n p o ~ (quad-
~ ~ u
center) BLIKnIosaeT TeKyrrryIo CTPOKY H p a 3 ~ e m a ee e~
no seHTpy nonocLI ~ a 6 o p a( ~ e x n nonrrw
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pa (quad middle) c o s ~ a npo6en
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(B TOM MecTe CTPOKH, K KOTOPOMY npHMeHeHa K O M ~ H -
&a)H pa3ABHraeT TeKCT A 0 rpaHHU IIOAOCLI ~ a 6 o p a( A 0
rpamu nonef) (PHC.6.3).
A 'IT0 KaCaeTCII ~ a 6 o p aB TeKCTOBbIX PeAaKTOPaX
H nporpaMMax BepcTKH (makeup programs), TO KoMaH-
AbI, CBR3aHHLIe C n p o 6 e ~ ~ ~ bKBaApaTaMH,
ulu B Hllx nOKa
He HCIIOAL3)WTCX. Y HeKOTOpLIX IIpOrpaMM HMeeTCR
BapHam KoMambI 6allcAm'lama cmpolcy u3 yenmpa (quad
middle), HO B UeAOM, ecAH BaM HyXHO UeHTpHpOBaTL
oTAenLHym CTPOKY HAH npkixaTL ee K OpyroMy ~ p m ,
H e X e A H O C T U ~ H O ~TeKCT, B a M IIpHAeTCR HCIIOAb30BaTb KOMafWy B O 3 B p a T a K a p e T K H ,
Y T O ~ OTAeAliTb
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I I p M e H I I T I . p a 3 H b I e KOMaHAbI BbIPaBHHBaHEIR (alignment).
The Issue
Investors are seeing our situation as a problem rather than as
an opportuniq As The Wa//StreetJour~fpointed out just last
week, our industry is doing well even if we aren't. Our job is
to transfer the gloss of the indwny, with irs good reputation,
to our own company.
Ha n x r u p e i i M a r u m m e - T O A ~ K Oo n H a Y e p T o Y K a (dash):.qer@ic!' (hyphen). A c T a m a p -
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Kopomoe TNpe (en dash), IIOAOBMHa OT A A l w H O r O T H p e , KOTOpOe MCIIOAb3yeTCX
B KaYeCTBe C O ~ ~ H H H T ~ A ~ H
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EI H a x o a m c B o e M e m o TOALKO B cnewiahbwx ILIPU+TOB~IX +Gnax (pi fonts),H a n p m e p ,
Symbol. B m o r p a + m e c ~ o~~a 6 o p ee i J m m e H H b I M n o B o n o M n p m e a a b ne+xc RBAX-
e T c x n e p e H o c CAOB (PHC. 6.5) M c n o m H b I e cnosa, H a n p m e p , <<strike-oub(aaseprursa~~).
3 ~ ne+aca a ~ M o m e T a B T o M a m r e c m i ~ 0 6 a s n m b c+~y ~ ~ u ~ rn ee pGe H o c o B B n p o r p a M M a x
PMC. 6.5. Hapan-anne s e p T o -
qeK. B nOpRAKe UX nORBAeHUR: This hard-hitting action film--the first by
ne+nc o6aenu~sie~cnosa n p a -
AeAReT YaCTU CAOB JAR n e p e H 0 - director Carlos Young--looks at the eastern
Ca B KOHqe CTPOKU; AAUHHOe
front during the war of 1914- 18, with winter
TUpe pa3AeAReT nono6ao ~ ~ 0 6 -
KaM UAU TOYKaM C ~ E U I X T O ~ ; action scenes filmed at temperatures of -10".
KOpOTKOe T U p e COeAUHRfX AUa-
n a 3 0 H AaT. &AX n0AHOTbl Itap-
THH~n I p e U c T a m e n H ~ C T O X W U ~ ~ BePCTKR, T a K 0 f i A ~ + H C nOAy'IHA H a 3 B a H U e i u ~ 2 K 0 2 0 "
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p0fi CT~OK~Y
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YMCAIITeNl MOXHO C03AaTb nOA-
xonamue npo6a ( a p o 6 b B Tpe-
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BLXX CHCTeM WYSIWYG C C a O <AG><AF><RR><AH><CS5,5,5>cTl><CPlO.5>
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A O ~ H ~ I3TOMY,
X XOTX OEIU ~ ~ I A U
CTaHAapTHbIMU &AX C I I e U B U E -
t h e c o m p l e x i t y o f t h e c r a f t of
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cTom.qne B y~-AOB~IX
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0 3 H a Y W : Pa3PeLUUTb A U r a T y - processing i s based on a mnemonic
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cosna~ue~ J O C T ~ Inpo6ei;
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I cmpolcy 80 xonya snpaao (quad-right) a saluwuumb cmpolcy u s
yellmpa (quad middle), K o T o p b I e y r ~ o ~ n H m pca Hb e e , r ~ r v y wBrCoBpeMeHHbIX T e K m
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BaTb- c r p o K y a6saua, BbIKAIOqeHHOM no +OPM~TY, 6e3 C03A;1HIIII HOBOrO a63aua.
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By a Faction, I understand a num-
eT n p o 6 n e ~ y<<weTa*Ha ~e6onbmnxy=racrKax TeK- ber if citizens, whether amounting to
cra, HO nono6~b1enpo6ne~b1o c o 6 e ~ ~3 oa ~ e m b 1Ha a majority or minority of the whole,
who arc unitcd and actuated by some
crpamrue, Korna o n m a63a4 XameTcx TeMHee a3-3a common impulse of passion, or of
MeHbIIIHX npo6eno~,seM OKpyXaIoWHe a6aaub1, HAM interest, adversc to the rights of other
citizens, or to the permanent and ag-
~ a o 6 o p o( p~~ c 8.1).
. gregate interests of the community.
There are two methods of curing
T a o e p a s n m ~ eccuBe?.aBHe 0 6 ~ 3 a ~ e h BAHXeT
b~0 the mischiefs of faction: the one, by
Ha y , ~ ( 0 6 0 s m a e ~ o cXOTII,
~ b , KOHesHO, He MOXeT He removing its causes; the other, by con-
trolling ics effects.
mAeKam. Korna Ha cTpaHHue BcTperaeTcx ~ a ~ o i Thm ~ I C again two methods of re-
moving the cauw of Faction: the one, by
a6sau, OH B O A ~ ~ ~ - H nPHTIIrHBaeT
~ B O A ~ BHIIMaHne.
~ d m y i n g the liberty which is essential
A ~TOI-o 6 b m He A O ~ POa ~. h ~ l ' I<<meram
~le mpn+~a m its adstenae;the other, by giving to ev-
ery ddzen the same opinions, the same
co34ae~BnesaTAeHMe HenocraTosHoro KoHTponx Ka- passions, and the same interem.
secma, Twamx AH onbma. T e ~ m ~b1r-n~ ~ e 6 p e x - It could never be more truly said
than of the first remedy, that it was
HO n Hepxmumo. worse than the disease. Liberty is to
faction what air is to fire, an aliment
P H C ~ H OUIpki+~a
K TaKXe BHOCHT CBOEBKAaA wirhout which it instantly expires. But
B <<wrn, crp-~, n o m q m&epy H ~ a 6 o p q it could nor be lcss folly to abolish lib-
erty, which is essential to political life,
(sepcxurmm$) cneaye-r m -man. H e ~ o ~ o p b ~ e because it nourishes faction, than it
rupn(PTb1, K ~ Kn o ~ a 3 a ~Hao pHc. 8.2, 6onee cBeTnbxe would be to wish the annihilation of
air, which is essenrial to animal life,
H MOT ~a6npa~bcri m m e e . B TO x e s p e w npymie because it imparts to fire its destruc-
tive agcncy.
rupn*~ 6 0 ~ e Tmex.Ie
e n TeMHbIe, m mix ~e06xom-
MO a60fime BOW~V,',d b 1 OHM He BbIThqqeAPi m C H y -
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HO T e M H e e , Y e M O C T a b H b I e a6-
3 a u b I . Y M ~ H ~ I I I ~ H nI p~ oL 6I e~~ b r
Plainly the central idea of seces- Plainly the central idea of seces-
sion is the essence of anarchy. A sion is the essence of anarchy. A A ~ ~ ~ C T B H T ~ A LAHe A
Oa l o T er0 Ha-
majority held in restraint by majority held in restraint by consti- c L x q e r l e e e , IIOBTOMY y H e r o He-
constitutional checks and limi- tutional checks and limitations,
tations, and always changing and always changing easily with CKOALKO OTAHYHLIG <U.XBeT*
easily with deliberate changes of deliberate changes of popular opin-
popular opinions and senti- ions and sentiments, is the only
ments, is the on1 true sover- true sovereign of a free people. PMC. 8.2. E O A L ~BO
K A~
a A~ B
eign of a free peopL. nl.l.Bm> lupli+~aBHOCUT PNCYHOK
Plainly the central idea of seces- Plainly the central idea of secession lupa+ra. LIIPN+T~Ic BLICOKNM
sion is the essence of anarchy. A is the essence of anarchy. A majori- p m c r p~o w b a 6 y UAU
~ m~rc-
majority held in restraint by ty held in restraint by constitution-
constitutional checks and limita- al checks and limitations, and al- CWIYAISiO MaCCUBHbIMII LurpUXaMEl
tiom, and always changing easi- ways changing easily with deliberate 6ynyr BLITW~TL 6o~eeTemmm.
ly with deliberate changes of changa of popular opinions and
popular o inions and senti- sentiments, is the only m e sover- Bce 4 npwepa I r a pacyme ~ a 6 p a -
ments, is g e onl true sover- eign of a &ee pcoplc. HbI OAUHaXOBLA4 K e r A e M N C OdR-
eign of a free peopL.
HaKOBLlM N I f R P A U H ~ e M
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xxce 3 u T a T e n l o T ~ ~ A Hnepeao-
O tues. Among these the rice ofreading is foremost. That reading trash is a vice is
generally conceded; but reading per re-the habit of r e a d i n p n e w as ~t is, a1-
CUTh B3rAR,4 OT IIpaBOI'O K p a R ready ranks with such seasoned h c s as duift, sobriery, early rising and regular
O A H O ~CTPOKU K AeBOMy K p a l o exercise. There is, indeed, something peculiarly aggesnve m the virmousness of
the seme-of-duty reader. By those who have kept to the humble paths of pre-
~ y x c ~ oCTPOKU.
ii Peuen~o~ cept he is revered as follomng a counsel ofperfection. "I wish I had kept up my
B ABHHOM CAy.lae RBARIoTCR 60- reading as you have," the unlettered novice declares to this adept in the super-
erogatoty; and the reader, accustomed to the incense of uncritical applause, not
nee ~ p y n ~ IIIPN+T
b ~ i N yBenn- unnaturally looks on his occupation as a noteworthy intellectual achievement.
' I e H ~ bN
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a majority or minority of the whole, KOAOHKH, T O B e C b M a 3aTPYnHIIeT n O A y Y e H H e XOpOIIIO
who are united and actuated by some
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interest, adverse to the rights of other
citizens, or to the permanent and ag-
c!)Tbn p o 6 ~ e ~ COCTOHT
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gregate interests of the community. Me, 3a,II0AHZIO~efi CrpOKIl TeKCTOM, I I P H X O ~ H ' I UT O - T O
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7 70 Y a c m a II. KUKsepcmarna rneltcrn
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It has been urged as an argument in favor of re- It has been urged as an argument in favor of re-
chartering the present bank that the calling in its chartering the present bank that the calling in its
loans will produce great embarassment and dis- loans will produce great embarassment and dis-
tress. The time allowed to close its concerns is tress. The time allowed to close its concerns is
ample, and if it has well managed its pressure will ample, and if it has well managed its pressure will
be light, and heavy only in case its management be light, and heavy only in case its management
has been bad. If, therefore, it shall produce dis-
tress, the fault will be its own, and it would fur- has been bad. If, therefore, it shall produce dis-
nish a reason against renewing a power which tress, the fault will be its own, and it would fur-
has been so obviously abused. But will there ever nish a reason against renewing a power which
be a time when this reason will be less powerful? has been so obviously abused. But will there ever
To acknowledge its force is to admit that the be a time when this reason will be less powerful?
bank ought to be perpetual, and as a consequence To acknowledge its force is to admit that the
the present stockholders and those inheriting bank ought to be perpetual, and as a consequence
10112 X 18 nUK
It has been urged as an argument in favor of It has been urged as an argument in favor of
rechartering the present bank that the calling rechartering the present bank that the calling
in its loans will produce great embarassment in its loans will produce great embarassment
and distress. The time allowed to close its and distress. The time allowed to close its
concerns is ample, and if it has well managed concerns is ample, and if it has well managed
its pressure will be light, and heavy only in its pressure will be light, and heavy only in
case its management has been bad. If, there-
fore, it shall produce distress, the fault will case its management has been bad. If, there-
be its own, and it would furnish a reason fore, it shall produce distress, the fault will
against renewing a power which has been so be its own, and it would furnish a reason
obviously abused. But will there ever be a against renewing a power which has been so
time when this reason will be less powerful? obviously abused. But will there ever be a
To acknowledge its force is to admit that the time when this reason will be less powerful?
bank ought to be perpetual, and as a conse- To acknowledge its force is to admit that the
It has been urged as a n argument in favor It has been urged as a n argument in favor
of rechartering the present bank that the of rechartering the present bank that the
calling in its loans will produce great calling in its loans will produce great
embarassment and distress. The time al- embarassment and distress. The time al-
lowed t o close its concerns is ample, and lowed to close its concerns is ample, and
if it has well managed its pressure will be if it has well managed its pressure will be
light, and heavy only in case its manage-
light, and heavy only in case its manage-
ment has been bad. If, therefore, it shall
ment has been bad. If, therefore, it shall
produce distress, the fault will be its own,
and it would furnish a reason against re- produce distress, the fault will be its own,
newing a power which has been so obvi- and it would furnish a reason against re-
ously abused. But will there ever be a newing a power which has been so obvi-
time when this reason will be less power- ously abused. But will there ever be a
ful? To acknowledge its force is t o admit time when this reason will be less power-
PMC. 9.25 (crp. 172). Korna +mp
It has been urged as an argument in favor of rechartering the MaT KohOlIKH IlpcBhIILIaeT 1 8 m , IIa-
present bank that the calling in its loans will produce great embar- 60p n o a e M e lO/1 1 m o u , u~r,013
rassment and distress. The time allowed to close its concerns is
TUZbKO BbMIpaeT Or O ~ I O l Y AOnOA-
l
ample, and if it has well managed its pressure will be light, and
heavy only in case its management has been bad. If, therefore, it Imam ny~mram m p ~ w m a ,
shall produce distress, the fault will be its own, and it would fur- urn u ne.voHnpnpyeT rrpmep w cxe-
nish a reason against renewing a power which has been so obvi- ~ o i 10/12.
r C H ~ ~ O A ~ U Mme- M
m o UOB~ n crpoKe 11a6op no c x e
Me 11/12 He E i L l m J 4 W T O~HOpOLWO
It has been urged as an argument in favor of rechartering the cepbm, a , x o n m m w u i I I ~ H K TK
present bank that the calling in its loans will produce great ernbar- m e p m m m c y ( c x e ~ 11/13)
a y m -
rassment and distress. The time allowed to close its concerns is Barn BIIe9PrAeIiMe B03AYIlIIIOCTlf.
ample, and if it has well managed its pressure will be light, and C KerAeM 12 U OAHKM A O ~ O ~
heavy only in case its management has been bad. If, therefore, it wm WOM m e p m m m a (cxe
shall produce distress, the fault will be its own, and it would fur- ~a 1 F 3 ) ~ d o frarmiacr
p B~I~M-
nish a reason against renewing a power which has been so obvi- A m TSK€AOtcaW R KaK 6yATa 3a-
10112 X 24 nUKU
x a m m B 3 a n * ~ l y l onpocrpanme.
~
H e c ~ c x p aHa TO, w o @pvar ~o
It has been urged as an argument in favor of rechartering AOHKU UIHOCXEJ&liO Y30K, KpYIIHb6
the present bank that the calling in its loans will produce Ker* ~ p e 6 y en o~n o n s m e s s o r o
great embarrassment and distress. The time allowed to close EpOCIpWCrea<WAXBZiAOW,, K U I D p
its concerns is ample, and if it has well managed its pressure o6ecnewae~ aeMa ttabopa ly14
will be light, and heavy only in case its management has
been bad. If, therefore, it shall produce distress, the fault
will be its own, and it would furnish a reason against renew- PMC. 9.2B. F.CAH @ P M ~ T KOAOHKU
ing a power which has been so obviously abused. But will )'Be?K.Msm TO mpAlEWD£CTax-
x e He A w e H a m a m . ropu30~-
T W H m T e K q a y TeK- ~a6pa~-
It has been urged as an argument in favor of rechartering ~ o r noo cxeMe 10111, He y ~ m y 6 ~ 1
the present bank that the calling in its loans will produce npu o ? n o c m t i o MUIHOOM m p
great embarrassment and distress. The time allowed to close mm.xxe A o n o m m ~ b Gqmx
its concerns is ample, and if it has well managed its pressure y p m m . x x a B ~ a 6 o p eno cxeMe
will be light, and heavy only in case its management has 10/1L p m ~ Memm o ~ e ~ co ra ,
been bad. If, therefore, it shall produce distress, the fault m o ~ ropawo m npUBneKaw
will be its own, and it would furnish a reason against renew- Hee. Ei ~ e ~ csa6prumbG
r, no a e M e
ing a power which has been so obviously abused. But will 11/12, m e ~ a m ~m H ~ E H O
TeMHLIM, B TO BpeMA K a TuMep K
cxeMe 11/13 0 6 n m a e ~6ahbmeii OT-
K ~ ~ I T O C I ~liK60nee
) dana~cupona~.
It has been urged as an argument in favor of rechartering H&p no aeMe 11/14 F e m i o ~ m -
the present bank that the calling in its loans will produce 0 3 Ye- pa3peXeHHbIM, HO
great embarrassment and distress. The time allowed to close M O J & K ~ r a p m q p a Sabon m ~ o c x -
its concerns is ample, and if it has well managed its pressure -
0 MaCCIIBHa, TO UT~IIBKP He Be-
will be light, and heavy only in case its management has A ~ TK WeAelmm CIPOK npyr OT
been bad. If, therefore, it shall produce distress, the fault ~ p y mY 6 o ~ e eC B ~ J & I X rap-
H,Ui l r r p u w C MeHbrUUM POCTOM
will be its own, and it would furnish a reason against renew-
rrp0-X ~ Y K B3TO MO)I(eT npnnec-
11/14 X 24 nUKU TM K Y F I ~ ~ M ~pa3peXeHHOCIU
~ H o ~
7 74 Yacrna II. Kalc aepcrnarna rnelccrn
B n p y r ~ xn p o r p a M M a x B ~M
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PHC. 9.3. B H ~ ~ ~ ~ F X CTpO- H L I X
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Truthfulness Truthfulness
Aside from the moral aspect of the ques- As~de&om thc nloral dspccr of tilo yucs-
tion, advertising should be truthful merely t ~ o n atlvertlstng
, b h o ~ l j ( f hc tr~ltllfulmcrcIy
because truthfulness pays. When a firm gets hccauw t r ~ t I ~ f ~ 1 1pdys.
1 c ~ slK11len a hrln gets
8 ~ CUTyasr?m
y ElhnIoCTpEiPYeT PMC. 9.7. y TeKCTa, PHC. 9.7. K ~ 3UaH
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BbIrARAeTb OAMHaKOBO, B IIpOUeCCe BepCTKPi ITyCTaR CTpOKa Pi O T ~ U B K&~e f i c T B y H ) ~no-
pa3HOMY.
~ Y C T ~CTpOKa,
X CO3AaHHaX H a X a T I l e M KAaBHILIM <Return>, RBAReTCR ~OCTORHHO~~
M H ~ I I ~ M ~ H9aCTbH)
H O ~ ~ AOKyMeHTa. Ha CaMOM A e A e 3 T 0 O ~ ~ I Y H CTpOKa,
M 3ZUIOAHeHHaX
n p o 6 e ~ a A~ O~T.~ I I B K BOnpe,4eAReTCX I I p o r p a ~ ~ o Kf ai K 3 A e M e H T C N3MeHXeMbIM P a C -
CTORHHeM hleXCAy AByMR OTAeAbHbIMH CTpOKaMH TeKCTa, K O r A a OHM HaXOAXTCR BHYTPM
KOAOHKH. ECAH 3TM CTPOKM H e CAeAyll3T O a H a 3a ,l(p)Tofi, H a I I p M M e p , K O r A a 3arOAOBOK
OKa3bIBaeTCR H a CaMOM B e p X y CTpaHEiubI, TO O T ~ E I B KB~ 3TOM C A p a e HrHOPMPYeTCR.
A IIyCTaR CTpOKa HeT.
Ha pMC. 9.8 o ~ o 6 p m e c~u a- r y a U a s , B ~ o ~ o p oOf Ti ~ H B KH ~a A 3arOAOBKOM co3aa~a
C IIOMOILlbm KAaBHIlIM <Return>. B C e p e A A H e KOAOHKH O H a BbITAXAHT T a K Xe, K a K eCAH
a paa M e T p o M ombuaxa do ab3aya. K o r ~ me
6b1 o H a 6 b 1 ~ as a ~ a n~ a TeKcT n e p e B e p c T a n TaK,
YTO 3arOAOBOK OYYTMACX B B e p X y KOAOHKH, I I P O r p a M M a YAaAXeT O T ~ H B K Y ,60~b111e HeT
C M b I W a ee UCIIOAb3OBaTb, HO O ~ R ~ ~ T ~COXpaHXeT A ~ H O IIyC.r)w CTPOKY. A 3 T 0 yXe 0 1 ~ 1 4 6 -
K a BepCTKM, M ~ A E I H C T B ~ H H C I~I O
I~ ~ ~MCnpitSHTb ee - B P p H y l l 3 YnaAPiTb r1yCTyIO CTPOKY.
CO
moisture that it could in itself when
it was hotter, and that moisture is Bumps in the Night
apt to affect the state of whatever Perhaps we cannot be quite certain
object it is deposited on. that furniture cracks so much more
at night than in the daytime. For
Bumps in the Night one thing, there are another noises
Perhaps we cannot be quite certain that go on in the daytime that we
that furniture cracks so much more are more likely to be attending to.
at night than in the daytime. For Still, it is no doubt that furniture
one thing, there are another noises does make strange noiscs at night,
that go on in the daytime that we and that it is not difficult to under-
are more likely to be attending to. stand is we remember that the air
n p o 6 ~ e ~ ecnn
y : npousoii~mc M e m e H H e n o T o K a TeK- KOM cosnaaa c n o M o I q b I o He-
CKOAbKMX H ~ x ~ T M GKAaBHlllM
CTa H nOA3arOAOBOK CHOBa IIOIIiyIeT B C e p e A U H y KOAOH-
<Return>. OH^ BblTARnMT XOPO-
KU, TO ~ p e 6 y e ~ oOiTi~ M B K UT e n e p b H e nonyqmcrr. ruo B cepenuae KOAOHKU ( ~ e ~ a x
C n e w a m s ~ p o s a m b ~ ea 6 o p ~ b 1c He c r e M b I o6b1.r- K O A O H K ~ )M n A O X O B H a Y a A e
HO PaCIIOAaK'awT KOM~HAOG,K O T O p U nO3BOASieT n o 6 a ~ - ( n p a ~ Z U 3K O A O H K ~ ) ,T a K K a K n p 0 -
AXTb OT~EIBKU~10601-0 p a 3 ~ e p aH B npOH3BOAbHOM MeC- r p a M M a BOCnpMHUMaeT ee He
T e T e K C T a . T a ~ u eO T ~ H B K U NMeIOT H e 3 a B H C N M O e K a K UCrMIIHYIo O T ~ H B K Y , a K a K
B n o n y M p H b I e H a c r o s H b I e 113,qa~esc~ue cxcreMb1.
B CneUUW3HpOBaHHbIX ~ a 6 0 p ~ b 1CUCTeMaX
x HHTep-
AUHbXXC 6bIA, eCAki HCIIOAb30BaTb C O B P ~ M ~ H H
X a~pIr~O~H
U ~ A ~ T ~ A ~n pCo rEp a~MXM , amjmbjmau c w o u a (character
attribute).%-o ~ H ~ Y U m T, ~ax,qb~C f i ~ O BAc r p o K e M o r
m e n C B O ~c 0 6 r n e ~ ~ b r umepnrmbm.
ji Ijosmi~c-mo
n p o r p a M M n e p m , cnenyx n o m e TeKcrosbuc. p e n m e
POB, COW umephMHbm a~pu6yro ~
a63aqa, nonarm,
TO echu 1 1 3 ~ e m cu x m e p m m XOTSI 6b1 y O A H O ~ O3 ~ a -
Ka, TO n o m c e H E I ~ M ~ H mepnrmbm
~ U I B c e r o a63wa.
H ~ K O TIIpOfpaMMbI
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T
CUMBOAB, HO H a CaMOM A e A e H e
~TPU~YTOM 06ecnesu-
B W T ~ O A X H O0~6 p a 6 0 ~ ~
3TuO r 0 n a p a M e T p a . B TaKEIX
PEC. 9.9. K o ~ a ~ nc nan U r a n p O r p a M M a X EI3MeHeHMe ElHTepAHHbXXa y OTAeAbHOrO
AUHUU LUPII+TB HCIIOAb3YeTCX 3 H a K a B CTpOKe MeHHeT U H T e p A U H b R X s e A 0 f i CTPOKEI.
n e p e M e q e a n x yMeHbrueH- C ~ e n o s a ~ e a~~ao~, on ai pia M e T p 6ecnone3e~.
HOrO 3 H a K a A O M a p a U 3 CBOerO
A TO, T O B HeKOTOPbIX HaCTOAbHbIX I13AaTeAbCKUX
0 6 b I S ~ 0 r 0 II0AO)KeHHR H a AU-
c u c r e M a x ~ a a b ~ s a e ~cdsuzm
csi AUNUU upu$mai3 (baseline
HUU mpn+~aB no3uuum, B ~ I -
POBHeHHYIO no B e p l u M H e COCeA- shift), 3aMeHElAO UHTepAUHbXX n M 3HaKa. COCTO-
Hero c H n M =iucAa UT B TOM, T O BMeCTO EIHTepAUHbXXa ,4WHOrO CMMBOAa
(UAU COBOKYIIHOCTU CEIMBOAOB) BBepX EIAU BHM3 C M e U a -
eTCX AUHUX rupaQ~aCUMBOAa (UAU B C ~ GC O B O K ~ O C W )
(pEIc. 9.9).
Roche onpenehem cnama ~UHI~E~ ~ E I + B ~ MO-
I
xme M e m u m e p m m x m BO BceM pa3nae, w m
COXPX-ETGI HerIpUKOCHOBeHHbIM, rfle 6b1Hki HaXOAHACII, no-
T O M ~w o OH OTHOCUTCX K mmm r.upu+rra 3 ~ a ~ aaH,e crpe
mi. ,D,pymm c n o B a m , OH H e B~BEICHT m m p m m m a .
C n ~ mhIIHEM UIPEI@a V C T B H T e h e H K EI3MeHeHUH)
K e r m qacp?.a, T ~ K K ~ XOH o n p e n e h R e T a ~GCONOTHO~~
U~M@ T
B BbIBOpOTKe (reverse), TO eCTb n e Y a T b 6 e n b 1 no
~ YePHOMY, CAeAyeT ~ a 6 P i p a ~ b
C ~OSUIEIMII n p o 6 e n a ~ a M e X A y 6 y ~ ~U aCAOBaMH,
~ a o ~ae ne o ~ p o 6 -
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HO 0 6 c y x & a e ~ c6 ~ZJ.5).JAR 6 a n a ~ c a o6wero N u s e T a , rupa+~anpa ~ a ~ op ai 3i p e m e ~ -
HOG T e K C T y p e n o ~ p e 6 y e ~ c
PixH3MeHeHEie HHTepAMHbRXa.
H ~ Y H ~C TOrO,
M YTO B ~ I B O P O T H ~TeKCT
I~ BCerAa YEiTaTb TPYAHee, n03TOMY HeB03MOX-
HO 3 a p a H e e CKa3aTb, KOrAa OH CTaHeT BOCnpHHliMaTbCR fiOCTOBePH0. ,@3 TOfO Y T O ~ 3~ TI 0
YXCHEITb, CAeAyeT CAeAaTb BbIBOPOTKY BLIBOPOTKM (EI IIOCMOTPeTb, K a K 3 T 0 6 y ~ BLIrNI-
e ~
33%B H O p M U b H O M npe.LJcTaBAeHaa - YepHbIM H a ~ ~ A o M I)I .p o 6 e ~ b 1M e m a y CAOBaMElH
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M M Ka3aTbCX CAULUKOM IlIkipOKMMII, 3TOM)' AOAXeH COOTBeTCTBOBaTb W HHTep-
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y ~ a - c mMOXHO
srHoroe Apyroe B m o r p a + m e , W e a n b H o e c o o m o r u e H a e H ~ B O ~ M O X H OH&TH H a s K p a H e ,
r o s K o 11p06~a5-1 nevam npa BJJCOKOM pa3pemewa n o K a m e T , K o r A a B ~ yI r a ~ a n ~ .
E C ~ InI p o 6 e ~ M
~ 1e m a y KOAOHKaMM UMLLIKOM IUEI-
POKM, KOAOHKH BbIrARAXT OTAeAbHbIMH TeKCTOBLIMH
ECAH
~AOK~MH . npo6en~rCAHUIKOM Y3KM, TO 3 T 0 CKa-
3bIBaeTCR H a ~ ~ O ~ O ~ ~ ~ ~ M O C T I I f ,A a 3 3 a X -
nOCKOAbKy
B a T b I B a e T TeKCT Ei3 C O C ~ A KOAOHKM
H ~ ~ BCRKM~~ pas, KOr-
aa A o c m r a e T K o H q a CTPOKH.
-
T m o r p a 4 M ~ a TO C m o m H b I e " e w > >~,~ T a w i c eHwUHO?,.
Type Sizes BCRM H ~ o P M B I ~ H RI ' I p e A b I A ~ H XP a 3 A e A O B TOG r A a B L I
OTHOCNTCX K + O P M ~ ~ A ~ H L I M
I I a p a M e T p a M , HO H PHCYHOK
n a p a ~ e ~ p b KOTOPbIe
1, IIOAXO- ~ 0 ~ ~ k m I i M a e M
p a b3 M
6 e p IIIpZi@a O K a 3 b I B a e T POCT a-0
0 6 i a zuupuna
~ analcoo (set width - < < m H p I i H a~ a 6 o p as~m) a e T H a ~ a r n y wca
~ fp a a ~ e p
LIlpEi+~a,K a K H KOAUYeCTBO 3HaKOB HAH CAOB, KOTOPbIe B M e 4 a e T C T p O K a TeKCTa. Y ~ K H ~
J.IIPEI~$T~I C03AaIOT B I I e Y a T A e H U e CKYYeHHOCTH, KiUKeTCR, W O CTpOKH AAHHHee, Y e M H a
CaMOM A e A e . d A S I T o r 0 Y T 0 6 b 1 KOMIIeHCHpOBaTb 3TOT ~++C?KT, Y3KHe I J I p H ~ T b 1C A e A y e T
~ a 6 H p a ~~ obA ~ I I I H M
K e r A e M HAM HCIIOAb3OBaTb M e H b U I y l o LUUPMHY IIOAOCbI ~ a 6 0 p aHe-
.
KOTOPbIe KHMrHO LUPH+T~XIIpeAAaraHYT CIIpaBOVHbIe ~ a 6 ~ 1 l b 1B ,KOTOPbIX CPaBHHBaIOT-
CR l i p H H b I pa3AIIYHbIX ILI~H+ToB, H 3TEl AaHHbIe M O T IIOMOYb I I p H I I p e ~ ~ a p H ~ e h b ~ O f i
Y C T m O B K e K e r M H C $ O ~ M ~ T KOAOHKU
~ A M KiUKAOrO KOHKPeTHOrO LUPH+TB.
O ~ H ~ H T U ~ OIIO
M KOTOPOMJ'
, CYAXT 0 UIHPHHe J.IIPH+TB, RBASIeTCR AAUHa U + ~ B H T ~
CTPOYH~IX ~ Y K B6e3 n p o 6 e ~ o ~ p
(CM. ~ c 5.2).
. C ~ p o ~ ~U o+ ~fBiH T cmanaapm~ozo(standard)
H ~ ~ O ~ HI I IO Oa 3 a H H M a e T OKOAO 13 K e r e A b H b I X (ems). &R I I I ~ H + T K
p H~@ T ~ e r A R 10 A h H -
H a U + a B I i T a COCTCtBXT OKOAO 130 IIYHKTOB. n 0 ~ b 3 y R ~3b~ 0 f i~ e p o f i MbI , M O X e M y6e-
AHT~CII, TO r a 3 e ~ ~ b IIIPH+T~I,
1e T a m e , K a K Times Roman (Linotype), ~ e i i c m ~ ~ e n b ~ o
y 3 K H e , IIOCKOAbKy y I M X C T ~ O Y H O&~% C ~ ) ~ B HKTe r A R 10 3 a H H M a e T BCerO 118 W K T O B .
A ~ ~ a c c ~ s eH ca 6 0~p H~b 1ff ii ILIPH+T, H a n p H M e p , Garamond (Monotype), s a ~ ~ l ~ a e ~
127 IIYHKTOB, TOYHO IIOIIEtAasI B C T ~ H A ~ P T HA H~ aI I~I a~3 0 H . K IIIHPOKHM OTHOCRTCR T a K H e
LLIPH+T~I c e ~ e f i c ~ ITC~ a Bookman Light, y K O T O P ~ I X a n + a s a ~K e r m 10 a a ~ u ~ a e ~
140 IIYHKTOB. TO A ~ ~ ~ c T B H T ~ AI I~I H PoO K H ~ IIIPM+T,~ H YKa3aHHj'IO O C O ~ ~ H H O CIIpH-T~
AeTCR K O M n e H C H p O B a T b I I p H ~ a 6 o p e .
~ O C K O A ~ KKHHr,
Y KOTOPbIe C O A e p X a T CTOAb IIOAe3HYIO H H ~ O P M ~ ~ E I0H LUUPHHe
)
ILIPH+TOB, O Y e H b M U O , TO B a M C A e A y e T BbIIIOAHXTb 3 T H BbIYHCAeHHR CaMOCTOXTeAbHO.
Y 6 e ~ m e c b T, O O T K N O s e H b I CtBTOMaTHYeCKHe K e p H H H r H TpeKHHI'. ECAH AALIIIa CTpOYHOrO
790 Yacma II. K a x sepcmama meKcm
, anpMMep, O ~ ~ I S H~
POCTOM CTpOYHbIX ~ Y K B H Ope6y10~
Simoncini Life, n o ~ p e 6 o ~ a ~ c f i
U H T e p A U H b f i X 12 IIYHKTOB, 'ITO-
n o n o m e ~ ~ . ~EoI Ir1oT e p m m m i a @UC. 9.16).A c ~pyroii 6 6 1 AOCTfl'Ib T o r 0 Xe W B e T a , ,
CTOPOH~I, ILIPEI*I c ~ e 6 0 h b ~ l k POCTOM
1~ H ~ X , T ~ ~ T C XW ~ H + T ~
B CIIeUPiahbHbIX H ~ C T ~ O ~ ~3aK PiCKADYeHPieM
~ X , K p a f i ~ H xCAyYaeB, KOrAa T ~ ~ ~ Y ~PiH-
T C X
TepAPiHbXX yXe, ' I e M O~~I'IHO.
P a 3 ~ e p b BbIHOCHbIX
l 3AeMeHTOB T P K X e HaAO YYPiTbIBaTb. Y HeKOTOPbIX raPHPiT)'P
AOCTaTOZIHO AAPiHHbIe BbIHOCHbIe 3AeMeHTb1, ZIT0 A e A a e T ~ a 6 o p. 6 e 3 IIInOH)) HellpMeMAe-
MbIM, IlOTOMy YTO BbIHOCHbIe 3AeMeH"ibl O ~ H O CTPOKH
C M O T KaCaTbCX BbIHOCHbIX 3 A e -
MeHTOB ~pyr0fiCTPOKX.
B ~ ~ e p h P i ~ b XBNleTCff
f f X B a X H b I M UHCTPYMeHTOM YllPaBAeHPiB <<UBeTOM))TeKCTa H a
CTpaHPiue, I'lO3TOMy AhcI r a p H u T y p C 6 o n b r u e i i HaCbILUeHHOCTbi-0 IUTPHXOB T P ~ ~ Y ~ T)B
' eC
- R
A H Y ~ H H PiHTepAHHbXX
~ I ~ ~ AAX TOrO, ' l ~ 0 6 b 1 OCBeTAUTb <<UBeT))TeKCTOBOrO ~ A O Pi
K CAe-
~
AaTb eI'0 M e H e e IlAOTHbIM. EAOKHTeKCTa AOAXHbI UMeTb OTYeTAPiBOe r O P H 3 0 H T U b H O e
a 3 e p ~ 0 ) ) ,a AAX T o r o , ~ ~ 0 6 0b 61 e c n e ~ ~
3TOT
~ b KT KT C I I O M O ~ b D6onee H a C b I 4 e H H b I X
I~IPH+TOB, H ~ O ~ X O A H MYBeAH'IHBaTb
O MHTePAPiHbRX.
Ilepenoc u s a ~ ~ ~ w n l c(hyphenation
a' and justification,
COKpaUJeHHO H&J) - +YHKUEIEI, KOTOPbIe MCIIOAb3YIOT-
CX K O M ~ ~ H ) T ~n~p H
o rO
p a~M ~ 0 f iA M BrOHKH TeKCTa
B CTPOKY. CaMbIe HeIIpIITR3aTeAbHbIe TeKCTOBbIe
p e A a K T O p b I p a C n O A X a I O T HeKOTOpbIM no,a061ie~3 ~ 0 %
+YHKIJMII, B e A b T a K MAM MHaYe CAOBa Pi ~ Y K B p~a 3
I Me-
WaIoTca B cTpoKe. OAHHM
~3 n o ~ a ~ a ~ eK~
aYe efc im a
IIpOI'paMMbI XBAXeTCX Y p O B e H b YnpaBAeHPiR 3TPiMH
npoueccaMPi. kI XOTR ~ O A L ~ H H C T B nOp o r p a M M B e p c T -
KPi0 6 e c n e ~ ~ AOBOAbHO
~ a e ~ CAOXCHbIe iVWOpMTMbI PaC-
CTaHOBKM nepeHOCOB M BbIKAIOYKEI, PiCCAeAOBaHUR no-
KasbIBaIOT, 9 T O OKOAO 90%I I o A b 3 0 ~ a T e A e fHHKOrAa H e
np2iMeHRIoT 3TM B03MOXCHOCTII, a CAenyIOT YCTaHOBKaM
no yMOAYaHIIIO, KOTOPbIe I I p l i X O A m BMeCTe C I I p O r p a M -
~ o f i HO
. npmqxn <<OAMHp a 3 ~ e pAAX B c e x n H a K o r A a
H e p a 6 o ~ a eu~o, c o 6 e ~ B
~ ~oP i n o r p a + u ~ e~. ~ H Hma-
M
B a nOCBRrrleHa TOMY, K a K IlPaBPiAbHO p a 3 M e r U a T b TeKCT
B CTpOKe.
B ~ ~ u w n x(justification)
a~ - TO npoqecc s a n o m e ~ l i ~
~ P U + T O M II n p o 6 e n a ~ ~ o n p e n e ~ e ~ ~AoA iMiH ~ I .
CTPOK
Ilepenoc c ~ o a(hyphenation) - TO cnoc06, n o M o r a m -
WMfi 6 o ~ e e ~ + + ~ K T I I B H O 3alTOAHkfl-b CTPOKY, COCTOR-
~ ~ H a 'iilCTM, YTO 0 6 h e r ~ a BbI-
4 M f i B p a 3 6 1 l e ~CAOBB e~
PaBHPiBaHHe n p a B O r 0 K p U CTPOKPi.
K a m ~ CTpOKa
u TeKCTa BbIKAIoYaeTCX no LUMpUHe
(HAM@ 0 p ~ a ? ynOAOCbI
) ~ a 6 o p a .TO npOTMBOpeYMBOe
Even lines that don't y T s e p w e H k i e , nocKo&Ky UOBO 6 b ~ m w ~ e n n b(justified)
~ii
appear to fill their measure OTHOCIlTCX K TeKCTJ', B KOTOPOM K a X V W l cTpOKa nOAHOC-
TbIO 3 a n o m ~ e T
nOAOCy ~a6opa,OCTX3hRR POBHbIe BepTEI-
are in fact justified; it's just KahbmIe noM cnpasa H mesa. Ho n a x e ~ O K H KOTO- ,
that the ends of the lines p b I e H e 3 m O N W O T A 0 KOHUa nOAOCy ~a6opa, H a CaMOM
are filled out to the margin nene B ~ I K A I C I Y ~ C (PHC. SI 10.I), ~ P O C T Oo m A o n o m m T -
with space,When such text CcI n p o 6 e n a ~ (UU~I-). Korna Xe TeKCT BbIKXOYaeT-
crr c 0 6 p a 3 o s a ~ POBH~IX ~ e ~ no~efi,TO o c T a B m e e c x H e 3a-
is set with justified margins,
nomemoe T e K c r o M npocrpmmo pacnpenemmcx no
this space is distributed cTpOKe TOTO, ~ 0 paCTXH)Tb
6 ~ TeKCT A 0 r p W J l b I
among the word and letter n o n o c b r . P a c n p e n e n e ~ x l eworo npo6ena3 H s s h R e T c r r 3 a -
spaces on each line. naqeii ~ o ~ m b r n e p ~+ o~ Hi K i W H n e p e H o c a u B~~KNOYKEI.
~ P O U ~ CMC o x e T n o ~ a ~ a ~ CAOXH~IM,
b c x HO TOT KO-
P O T K U ~c~q e ~ a p ~TOAbKO
fi HAAIOCTpMPYeT, K a K IIpMHM-
MaeTCR peLUeHMe
HOCOB W BbIKAIO'IKM
06 O ~ O P M A ~ H H LKIO H U a CTPOKU.
40 TOrO, KaK BbI BBeAeTe I I e p ~ b 1 63HaK, Q~HKUUR
nepe-
yXe B O O p y X e H a M M ~H ~ ~ ~ O P M ~ -
~ C C O
Looser
qua, 6 o ~ b u r e iria C T b m K O T O P O ~BbI
~ MOXeTe y n p a B m r b .
H a n p a ~ e p s, ~ a ~ e mpeh-unza~ u e (tracking) 6 y ~ e ~
BAMIlTb H a np06es1 M e X A y BCeMM 3HaKaMU CTpOKU.
(Eonee nonpo6~oeo n H c a H x e T o r o , K a K A e f i c ~ ~ Typ e -~
KMHr M KaK MM YIIpaBARTb, C A . 6 U.
BBOAEIMOI'O 3 H a K a +YHKUEIR IIepeHOCOB M BbIKAIO9KM
u c n o ~ ~ s sy ~
17.) &U K a X A O r O
~ ~ P ~ HI4 BbIKAIOYKa
O C C P e T O M HeCKOAbKIlX CTPOK
~ o A ~ I L I H H c T B on p O r p a M M HCIIOAb3yeT IIOCTpO'iHbIe IIepeHOC H BbIKNO'iKY, nOTOMy ' i T 0
3 T 0 A e r ' i e H G b ~ c ~ p e 9e e, M 0 6 p a 6 a n 1 s a ~ bHeCKOAbKO CTPOK OfiHOBPeMeHHO. B nocne-
AHeM CA)nlae IIepeHOC Pi B b I K N o Y K a CTaHOBSITCR ~ e o 6 b 1 4 a fHO
i CAOXCHbIM nP0UeCCOM. &X
Tor0 TOG~I ,4OCTEiYb OIIlUMahbHbIX npo6eno~BO BCeM a 6 3 a u e , n p o r p a M M a BbInOAHHeT
IIepeHOCbI K BbIKAIO'iKY, IIOCTOXHHO OrMfibIBaRCb, H e IIpeBbILIIeHa AU IIAOTHOCTb A~HHOE
CTPOKU no CpaBHeHHK, CO CBepCTaHHbIMH CTPOKBMH.
ECAHn p o r p a M M a , cnenyrr n p a B E i n a M n e p e H o c a u B ~ I K N ~ ~ KnHo n, a A a e T B TynHK,
H a n p u M e p , n o n y s a e T T e K y q y m CTPOKY H e c K o n b K o p a s p e r n e ~ ~ e e n n o T H e e npyrxx,
HAM
TO O H a BO3BpaWaeTCX H a s a n , ' I T O ~ ~H3MeHEITb
I 3HaqeHHR np06en0~ B npefibIfiyWHX CTPO-
KaX, IIepeBepCTbIBaII Fix, E i T e M CaMbIM YCTPaHUTb n p 0 6 n e ~ y BO3HHKUryIO , B ~e~yIIlefi
CTpOKe (pEic. 10.5).
T a ~ o Ae B H X e H H e B3a.A-BIIepeA ~ p e 6 y 3Ha.IUTeAbHOrO
e~ B p e M e H H H K0MnbX)TePHbIX
pecypcoa, s a ~ Ho p e 3 y n b ~ ropasno a ~ nysrue, s e M y n o c T p o r H b I x n e p e H o c a ~i B~IKAIOZIKEI.
Harpys~yKOMIIbroTepa MOXHO YMeHbIUHTb, Pery-hIIPYR A B a n a 3 0 H CTPOK, KOTOPbIe n p 0 -
r p a M M a IIpOCMaTpEiBaeT OAHOBpeMeHHO. & i a I I a 3 0 ~ 0 6 p a 6 a ~ b 1 ~ a e ~ bCTPOK
1x BCe B P e M R
MeHrreTcrr: H a n p z i M e p , n o n y u H B s ~ a ' i e ~ ~20 p a 6 o ~ a ec ~~ e ~ y m e f i
i eCTPOK, n p o r p a M M a
CTPOKO% IIAIOC 19 I I P e A b I L [ ~ H XCTPOK. APY~HMII CAOBaMU, O H a H e 0 6 p a 6 a ~ b 1 ~&UCK-
ae~
1 4 20 CTpOK, a ~ i u ~ a bpa3
P e T H b I e 6 ~ 0 ~ XI0 ~ f yCpeAH5IeT
i OTHOCIlTeAbHO ~ e ~ y I I l eCTPOKH
fi
3HaYeHHII npo6eno~ B IIOCAeaHEiX 20 CTpOKaX, KOTOpbIe yXCe CBepCTaHbI.
n0CTpO.lHaR BblKJllO.lKa (H&J) MHOrOCTpOLiHaR BbIWIH)'iKB (HBJ)
So long as free land exists, the op- So long as free land exists, the op-
portunity for a competency exists, portunity for a competency exists,
and economic power secures po- and economic power securespoliti-
litical power. But the democracy cal power. But the democracy born
born of free land, strong in of free land, strong in selfishness
selfishness and individualism. in- and individualism, intolerant of
tolerant of administrative experi- administrative experience and edu-
ence and education, and pressing cation, and pressing individual lib-
individual liberty beyond its erty beyond its proper bounds, has
proper bounds, has its dangers as its dangers as well as it benefits.
well as it benefits.
" ., .
i Word space: ~etterspace: i
1 Minimum 90% Minimum OX 1
optlmum lW% optimum 0% 1 optimum IW% optimum 0%
CTHAHnepeHocoB
~ o A ~ I L I H H c T B on p a B H A n p H M e H e H H X ~ ~ + H c o BnHKT)'eT KOPpeKTOP, a H ~ ~ O P I I I H K Y( B e p -
C T ~ ~ ~ W I I KHY~ )O ~ X O A E I MTOAbKO
O Y s e C T b HeCKOAbKO ~ H ~ ~ a l J l l f i .
O A H-~ n e p e H o c nocnenHero cnosa a6saua. a ~ o r o~ e A o n y c K a T L HH B K o e M
n b s x
C A y s a e . 0 6 b 1 9 ~ 0 ~ O A ~ U I H H C T BIOI P O r P a M M H H e AOnyCKaHIT 3 T O r 0 , HO MHOrIJa B npene-
A a X YCTaHOBAeHHbIX I I a p a M e T p O B IIepeHOCa enHHCTBeHHbIM c n o c o 6 0 ~~ a 6 o p npeAIIOC-
a
n e ~ ~ eCfTi~ O K Ha6aaua x s n x e T c x p a 3 6 ~ e ~ nn oec n e n H e r o chosa. ITPO~P~MMLI, KoTopbIe
HCnOAb3yloT MHOrOCTPO'IHLIe aArOpHTMb1 n e p e H o c o B Ei BbIKNO'IKB, O ~ ~ I Y HHaXOAXT
O
pemeaae. Bpys~yron p o 6 n e ~ aYCTPHReTCX YCTBHOBKO~~HOBOrO p a 3 6 a e ~ CTPOK ~ s a63a-
ua (YTO n p o B o u H p y e T nepe~epcmf T ~ K C T ~HAH
) n p H M e H e H H e M T p e K m r a a63aua (TO
BO3BpaIIIaeT g a C T b CAOBa H a IIpe.I(LI~YWYI0CTPOKY HAH BbITahKMBaeT CAOBO UeAEIKOM H a
nocnenaroro CTPOKY).
fip)TaR COCTOMT B IIORBAeHHH B CAOBe A B O ~ ~ H O I ' O
A€?+IICP. C O C T ~ BCAOBO,
HO~ COnep-
XaIIIee m e c T K H f i ne+Fic, M O X e T OKa3aTbCR B KOHUe CTPOKEf EI IIOAYYHTL B T O P O ~A~~ + I I C
KaK 3HaK n e p e H O C a . ECAHnPHCBOEfTb 'IBCTRM CAOBa n O 0 6 e CTOpOHaM
~ ~ OT X e C T K O r O
ne+~icaa ~ p a 6 yue~pasbueama, n p o r p a M M a BbIHymneHa 6 y n e ~p a 3 6 w s a ~ bT a K o e c n o ~ o
TOAbKO TBM, r A e CTOHT X ~ C T K M A
~ ~~+ H c . fiB0fiH0fi A ~ + H C M O X e T nORBHTbCR, eCAH
B CAOBe eCTb H e p a ~ p b ~ B H bneQEfc
~fi (He 3HaK I I e p e H o c a ) , Ei +YHKUHH ? ~ ~ ~ ~ ? H OUC6btMWZIKU
OB
B b I H y X A e H a HCKaTb npyr0fi U O r A M p a 3 p b I B a . 3 n e c b CHOBa C n a C a e T npHCBOeHHe CAOBy
Heapasbueama.
a~pa6y~
AART o r 0 ~ 0 6 b IIpeAOTBpaTUTb
1 IIepeHOC C A O B - C O K ~ ~ I I ~ ~KOTOpbIe
H H ~ ~ , IIOXOXEI H a
0 6 b 1 s ~ b 1 eCAOBa, CAeAyeT 3iiIIpeTUTb n e p e H o c CAOB, H ~ ~ P ~ H H ~ I X
IIpOnMCHbIMH ~YKB~MH.
K o r ~ nap o r p a M M a H e B COCTORHMM n p a s M A b H o BbInoA-
ero H ~ O ~ X O A H M O
H m b n e p e H O c K ~ K O ~ O - A E CAOBa,
~~O
~ 0 6 a B~ CAOBaPb
m n e p e H o c o B . %A O ~ ~ B A ~ HHHOr-
MR
A a COXpaHRloTCR B OCHOBHOM CAOBape n p O r p a M M b 1 , HO
same B c e r o - B A o n o A H m e n b H o M cnoaape, HAU CAO-
sape uclc~lovenuii(exception dictionary). K TOM^ AO-
IIOAHMTeAbHOMy C A O B a p l o n p O r p a M M a o 6 p a u a e ~ c ~
B n e p B y m o s e p e a b n s b 1 6 ~ p a TOT
e ~ B a p x a m nepeHoca
CAOBa, K O T O P ~ IYCTaHOBAeH
~~ BaMM, a H e ee C O ~ C T B ~ H -
~ b 1 2 .( H a n p ~ ~ eBp~,P H T ~ H C K O H M aMePMKaHCKOM Ba-
p H a m a x a ~ r m j i c ~ o Ir o I ~ ~ Ipasable
K ~ npasma nepe-
HOCa MHOrMX CAOB, I I O 3 T O M y s a C T 0 lIpMXOAHTCR
OTMeHRTb ~b160pI I p o r p a M ~ b 1 . )
Korna BbI ~ 0 6 a ~ A S i e TChOBO
e B CAOBapb n e p e H o -
COB, T P ~ ~ Y ~ TOCn pRe A e M i T b IIpMOpIiTeTbr B03MOXHbIX
nepeHocoB B C o o m e T c T B m K npeanosma-
c TeM, K ~ BBI
eTe n e p e H o c m b ,qmaoe CAOBO (PMC. 10.11).
~IPOI'PBMM~I,
KOTOpbIe n03BOARHIT CO3AaBaTb AO-
IIOAHUTeAbHbIe CAOBapM, MOrJ'T MMeTb MX HeCKOAbKO:
O T d e f i H b I e CAOBapM nNI pa3HbIX p a 6 0 ~MAR pa3HbIX
s a ~ a s s m oY~ s. a m m p~a 6 0 ~ 1 u crpym AOAXH~I 6 ~ 1 %
YBepeHbI, YTO OHM UCl7OAb3YloT OAHM N T e Xe CAOBBPM,
eCAU XOTSIT AOCTIIPb MAeHTMSHbIX Pe3YAbTaTOB.
I
Word: MOM--no-type
Dictionary: 1- HOM CApae OAHa TnAbAa YKa3bI-
BaeT aan6onbmnI-i npXOpUTeT.
Add: Q As all lowercase Tpn TIlnbAbI YKa3bIBWT H a npa-
Q Wactly as typed B H A ~ H ~ I I - ~HO
, ae oqeHb xena-
T ~ A ~ H ~IIepeHOCIG
2 72 Yacma II. K ~ sepcmama
K mexcrn
Harmony, liheral intercomewith Harmony, liberal intercoursewith Harmony, liberal inrercourse with
all nati~~ns,
we reu>mmendedhy all natic>nmare reconrmetded by all nttilms, are rcu~mlnelldcdhy
policy hitmmity, andinterat. Bot policy, humanity, and interesr. Bur policy, hhumaniry,and interest. But
cvcnour commcrcial policy should crcnour commcrcid should even our commercial policy
holdanequal and impartial hand; holdan equd and impartial hand; should hold an equal m d impar-
neithcrsekingtt~~rgrantin~exclu-neither seeking nor granting ex- tial hrnd; neitlier seeking nnr
sivc favors or preferences; con- clusive 6avors or prefrrences; cun- granting exclusive f;~vorsor prrf-
sultingthcmrural wurs~ofthin~s: sulringthcnatucll coursc ofthings: crcnccs: consulting thc natural
dimLFinganddivcrsifj4ngbySC"tlc diffusing and diversifying by gcntlc ~ourscof things; d i i i n g and di-
means the streams of commerce, means the streams of commerce, versiFying hy gentle mrans the
but forcing nothing; rstablishing but forcing nothing; rstablislung strruns of conmlercr, but forcing
with powers so disposed, in order with powers so disposed, in or- nothing; establishingwith powers:
min opt max rnin opt max min opt max ;
npO6~bl 50% 100% 200% npo6enb1 75% 100% 150% npo6enb1 90% 100% 125% '
anpowu 90% 100% 110% anpowu 90% 100% 110% anpou 100% 100% 110%
Harmony, liberal intercr)urse with all natir~ns,are Harmony, liberal interu)urse with all nations, are
recotiimmded by policy, hunlanity, and interest. rcwrnnlended by policy, h~rmanicy,and interest.
But even our commercial policy should hold an But even our commercial policy shoulld hold an
cqud and impartial hand; ncithcr sccking nor grant- cqud and impartial hand; ncithcr sccking nor
ing exclusive favors or prefcrcncec; consulting the granting aclusive favors or preference; consulting
natural u~urseof things; diffusing and diversifying the naturnl ulurse of things; diffusing and diversi-
by gentle means the streams of commerce, btit forc- &ng by gentle means the streams of commerce, but
ing nothing: establishing with powcrs so disposed, forcing nothing: cstablihing with powcrs so dis-
in ordcr to givc to tradc a stablc coursc. to dtfinc posed, in ordcr to givc to tradc a stablc coursc, to
the rights ofour merchants, and to enahlc the p v - define the rights of our mcrchants, and to cnahle
ernmrnt to support them, co~iventionalrules of in- the government to support them, conventional
tercourse, the best thar present circumsrimces and rules of intercourse, the best thar present circum-
mutual opinion will pcrmit, but tcmporary and li- stances and mutual opinion will pcrmic, but tcm-
able to be from time to time abandoned or varied, porary and li.ible to be from time to time aban-
as experience and circumstances shall dictate; o n - doned or varied, as wcpcriencc: and circunlstanccs
scantly keeping in view, that it is folly in one nation sball dictate; constaxtly keeping in view, that it is
to look for disintcrcstcd favors from anothu; that folly in onc nation ro look for disintcrcstcd favors
it must pay with a portion of its indcpcndcncc for from anothcr; that it must pay with a portion of its
whatwcr it may acccpt undcr that character; that independence for whatever it may accept under
min opt max min opt max
npo6enbl 75% 100% 150% npo6en~ 85% 100% 125%
anpowu 97% 100% 103% anpowu 9756 100% 103%
MaKCUMYM IlOCJlWOBaTWlbHblXnepeHOCOB 3 MaKCLtMYM nOCne,CPBaTenbHblXnePeHOMB 3
Harmony, liberal intercourse with all nations, are Harmony, liberal intercourse with all nations, are
recommended by policy, humanity, and intcrrst. But recommended by policy, humanity, and interest.
even our commercial policy should hold an equal But rvrn our commercial policy should hold an
and imp& hand; neither seekingnor grmting ex- equal and impamd hand; neither seeking nor grant-
clusive favors or consulting the natural ing exclusive favors or pafirmcrs; consulting the
couusc of things; diffusing and diversifying by gcntle natural course of things; dimising and divcrsihng
means the streams of commerce,but forcing noth- by means the streams of commerce, but forc-
ing; estlhlishing with pnwers so disposed, in order ing nothing; establishing with powers so disposed.
to give ti, t r d e a stahle course, to define the rights in order tn give to trade a stahle course, to define the
of our merchants, and to enable the government to rights ofour merchants, and to ctrable die gtoverii-
support thcm, convcnciond d c s of intcrcoursc,thc m a t to support them, conventional rules of inter-
bcst that present circumstanccs and mutual opin- counc, thc bcst that prcscnt circumstanccsand mu-
ion will permit, hut tempnraryand liable to he From tual opinion will ycrmit, but temporary and liablc
time to time abandoned or varid, as experience and to he from time to time ahandoned or varied, as ex-
circumstmces shall dicmte; constantly keeping in puience and circ~~iiistances shall dictate; constantly
vicw, that it is folly in one mtion to look for disin- keeping in vim, rhat it is folly in one nation to look
terested favors from another; that ir must pay with for disintcrcstcd favors from anothcr: that it must
a portion of its it~deprndencefor whatever it may pay with a portion of its independence for whatever
accrpt undu that char~ctet;that by such acceptance, it may accept undcr that character; that hy such ac-
min opt max min opt max
npo6enbl 85% 100% 125% npo6enu 90% 100% 110%
anpowu 95% 100% 105% anpowu 95% 100% 105%
MaKCUMYM I l O C I l ~ O B a T W l b H b l XnePeHOCOB 3 MaKCUMYM llWe&OBaTenbHblXllepeHOWE 3
PMC. 10.146 (CTP. 216). IIpa
Harmony, liberal inrerwilrse with all nations, are recornrnmded by + O P M ~ T KOAOHKH,
~ PaBHOM
policy, I~unw~ily, and inrcrzrt. BIILeven our cornmercia1policy shoiild 17% n&iKH, 1 1 p o 6 n e ~ b 1BepCTKI?,
hold an equal and impartial hand; nei~l~er seeking tlor gran~irigcr-
KOTOPbIe 6 b I A t i 3aMeTHbI H a ripe-
clusive favors or preferenus; consulting the natural course of things;
A b U y L t t e M PPiCyHKe, CTaHOBXTCX
diffusing and diversifying hy gentle means the streams ofcommerce,
M e H e e O U I ~ ~ I I M ~ I MBUA
. ~BOG
KO-
but forcing nothing; establishing with powcrs so disposcd, in ordcr
AOHKe B e p X H e r O P X A a BCe T O -
to givc to tradc a stablc coursc, to dcftnc thc rights of our mcrchants,
K a caepcramr 6e3 ~apymeHIlii 3a-
and tn cnablc thc govcrnmcnt to support thun, wnvcntional rules of
rnin opt max AaHHbIX A N a n a 3 0 H O B npo6e~oa
npo6enb1 85% 100% 125% M e X A y c h O B a M I l U ~ ~ K B ~ MHO
M ,
anpowu 95% 100% 105% Y p e 3 M e p H O U I H P O K M ~A~H X I a 3 0 H
AAX npo6enoa M e X A y CAOBaMH
Harmony, liberal intercourse with all nations, are reconmended by c 0 3 ~ a en p~ o 6 n e ~ b 1C u B e T a n
policy, humanity, and interest. But even our comn~ercialpolicy should U I ~ I ? + T ~ .C T ~ O KCHY ~ T B ~ P T O ~ ~
hold an equal and inlpartial hand; neither seeking nor granting aclu- A0 B O C ~ M O GH a 6 p a ~ b 1C X a T O EI
sivc favors or preferenas; consulting the natural course of things; dif- BblrMAXT 6onee TeMHbIMII, Y e M
Fusing and diversifyingbygendc m a n s the strcams of commerce, but npyrxe 6onee pa3pemen~bre
forcing nothing; establishing with powers so disposed, in ordcr to give CTPOKM. B npa~oGKOAOHKe B e p -
to tradc a stablc coursc, to d&nc thc rights of our mcrchants, and to mero pwa cyxeeue naanasoaa
cnablc thc govcrnmcnt to support thcm, convcntional d c s of intcr- AAX npo6e~oaMeXCAy CAOBBMH
min opt max 6e3 pacruapexrm A a a n a o a a ~ 3 -
npo6en~ 90% 100% 110% M e H e H u a anpomeii coanae~ MHO-
anpoluu 95% 100% 105%
ro p a 3 p e x e ~ ~ b 1CTPOK.
x Ae~m
KOAOHKa B HEIXHeM PRAY R B M -
Harmony, liberal intercourse with all nations, arc recommended by
policy, humanity, and interest. But even our commercial policy eTCX n p e K p a C H b I M n p U M e p O M
should hold an equal and impartial hand; neither seeking nor grant- KOMnpOMUCCa: o6wai BMA n p O -
ing exclusive favors or preferences; consulting the natural course of 6 e n o ~I4 XUBeT, I I I ~ I I + T ~AOCTa-
rhings; d i % i and diversifying by gentle means the streams of corn- TOYHO p a B H O M e p H b I e . B~~BBOG
mace, but forcing nothing; establishing with powcrs so disposed, in KOAOHKe HIIXHeTO P R A a O r p a H H -
order to givc to trade a stable course, to dcfmr. the rights of our mer- Yeme manaxma npo6eno~M e x -
chants, and to enable the government to support them, convrnrional ~y cnosama a a e T npueMneMbre
rnin opt max pe3YAbTaTb1, HO 38 CYeT 6 o ~ b m e -
npo6enbl 9056 100% 110% r0 KOAUYeCTBa IIepeHOCOB
anpouu 97% 100% 103%
Harmony, liberal intercourse with all nations, are recommended by PMC. 10.14B. IIpa + o p ~ a ~KCFe
policy, humanity, and interest. But even our wmmzrci;tl policy AOHKkI, PaBHOM 24 IIMKaM, ~ a 6 o p
should l~oldan equal and impartial hand; neither seeking nor grant- K e r A e M 11 A a e T x o p o ~ ~ ~ pe-
xfi
ing exclusive favors or preferences; cnnsulting the natural course of
things; diffusing and divers$ing by gentle means the srrams of
ulmmrrcr, hut forcing nothing; rstal~lishin~ with powers so dis-
posed, in order to give to trade a stahle course, co define the rights of
our mcrchants, and to cnablc thc govcmmcnt to support thcm, con-
rnin opt max
npoSenb~ 85% 100% 125%
anpoluu 100% 100% 100%
2 78 Yacmb II. Kalt sepcrnarnb rneltcrn
T a ~ o i iA H a I I a 3 0 H A O A X e H C # ~ O ~ M H ~ O B ~ T L TeKCT
C M U H H M U b H L I M KOhElYeCTBOM A ~ + E I C O B H 6 e 3 ~ o n e 6 a -
~ P ~ B H L I Xq 0 K a . x . ECAH
~ I l i<i < w e T a *L I I P E ~ + T~a BLI HC-
n O A b 3 y e T e Y ~ K & LLIPH+T, TO MOXHO H3MeHIITb 3HaYe-
HHZ TaK: 90%, 100%Pi 120% COOTBeTCTBeHHO. M ~ o r o e
pe BO BTOPOM PRAY c B e p x y yxe- 3aBHCHT OT raPHHTJ'PLI IIlpr?+~a, H lpe6ye~cx
HeKOTO-
C T O Y ~ H H ~ ~
AUaJIa30H npo6e~o~ p O e 3KCnepHMeHTHpOBiUXHe, AAX T o r 0 ~ ~ 0 OIIpeAe-
6 ~ 1
M e X A y CAOBaMA 3 a C T a B A X e T
A H T ~n p n e M A e M L I e ~ H ~ Y ~ H HIIPH
R . o Y e m IIIH~OKO~~
I I p O r p a M M y OCHOBbIBaTbCX 60-
Aee H a anpornax, YTO npmonm
nonoce ~ a 6 o p UX
a MOXHO ewe YBeAHrHTb.
K H ~ K O T O P OCX~TOCTII
~ T~KCTB. ~ P O ~ P ~ M MBePCTKM
L I M O X H O HaCTPOHTL TaKUM
3 u a ~ ~ b I1I aep a M e T p b I T e K C T a 06pa30~,'ITO~LI OHH IIOACBeYHBaAH CTPOKH, KOTOpLIe
np0-
B T p e T b e M P X A y H e AalOT HapyLLIaIoT yCTaHOBAeHIILIe n a a n a 3 o H L I npo6eno~( p a -
6 e ~ ~a o~c r a ~ o s c~~ oo 6i o ~ b 1 ,
-'IT0 IIpHBOAIlT K TOMY, W O MHO-
K) .o
3YMHO AepHcaTL 3TY + Y H K ~ U H ) ~ K T U B H O ~ ~ r ~ aTa-
rne CTPOKN nonpnhucb sepec- m e n p e n y n p e m n e H a r r noxsNimca, TO n p ~ 3 T~o r oa , ~
.iyp p a 3 p e X e H H b I M H . n p N ~ e p
B H H X H e M PXAY 6e3 B03MOXHO-
H ~ M ~ H ~ Hnpo6eno~
CTI~ U R M~X-
Ay 6 y ~ ~ HaIIOMNHaeT
a ~ n pp-
HOG ~ e ~ a n n a s e c ~~nai 6
r op,
y KOTOpOrO npo6enb1 AOBOAbHO
OAHOpOAHbIe, HO n0 COBpeMeH-
HbIM I I p e A C T a B A e H N X M CAMLU-
KOM LLIMPOKMe
Pasperurn a n p o r u a M C I I A ~ H OI I ~ M ~ H X T ~ CnXp ,o K n a n b 1 -
B a e M ~ e p H b 1 Gn y T b K Y P O A A I I B O ~BepCTKe
~ Pi K TpyAHO-
YHTaeMOMy TeKCTY. CM~ICA
Xe H ~ C T P O ~ ~ aKnHp 0 J l I e f i
COCTOEiT B TOM, w 0 6 b 1 TOALKO A a T b BO3MOXHOCTb np0-
r p a M M e OTbICKaTb OnTUMZlAbHOe MeCTO p a 3 p b I B a CTPO-
KII. k I ~ e Z l A b H b 1IIpeACTaBAXeTCX
~ T a K O e II3MeHeHHe
n p o 6 e ~ o K~ o, T o p o e ocTaeTca n p a K m r e c K H ~ e 3 a ~ e ~ -
HbIM. ~ T O ~Aer=Ie
O BCerO A O ~ I I T ~ C Xn p I I AOCTaTOYHO
JlIHpOKOM ~ O P M ~KOAOHKU
T ~ HAM IIOAOCLI ~a6opa.
K o r ~ aXe KOAOHKa Y3KaX (KBK B r a 3 e ~ a ~TO) , 3 T 0 MO-
X e T OKa3aTbCX II BOBCe HeB03MOXHbIM.
B K H I I X H O ~C?pOKe, ~ ~ e m a ~ 60-70
o ~ e SHBKOB,
f PMC. 10.15. , b X 3 a X KOAOHKa Ha-
H ~ M ~ H ~ anporueii
H I I ~ Ha 5%n a e T n p o r p a M M e eme OKO- 6pa11a 6e3 p a s p e m e ~ ~ a~a 3 ~ e -
: When you prepare a manuscript for an in- When you prepare a manuscript for an incom-
compatible computer system or program, or patible computer system or program, or when
when the target computer is unknown, you the target computer is unknown, you should
should produce your manuscript in a univer- produce your manuscript in a universally rec-
2 sally recognizable file format. A writer pre- ognizable file format. A writer preparing a
paring a manuscript for an unspecified pub- manuscript for an unspecified publisher
lisher would work this way. So would an au- would work this way. So would an author who
: thor who posts a manuscript on an elec- posts a manuscript on an electronic bulletin
tronic bulletin board that can be read by any board that can be read by any kind of com-
kind of computer. Most computers and pro- puter. Most computers and programs need
- grams need formatting instructions written formatting instructions written in their own
in their own particular way. particular way.
220 Yacma II. K a x aepcmama mexcm
an-
OYeHb OCTpOe 3 p e H H e , w 0 6 b 1 3 a M e T H T b p a 3 A U s A e
p0IIIeii B 5%. (Ha PAC. 10.15 OCHOBHOe p a 3 ~ ~ = 1 a M
e eX-
ny I I p u M e p a M H COCTOHT B )'MeHbUIeHHH MeXCAOBHbIX
npo6enoa, a H e anporueii.)
,&iana30~H ~ M ~ H ~anpo~efi, H H ~ p a ~ ~ b r*lo%,
i i OKa-
3 b I B a e T 6onee CHAbHOe BAARKIle H a BepCTKy, A H a 3TOM
Y p O B H e yXe 3 a M e T H O p a 3 A H r H e M e X n y C T P O K a M H
c 6onee YBKI~MH A M e H e e Y ~ K H M Aa n p o r u a M A . ~ O B T O -
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