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Authorized translation from the english language edition, entitled COMPJXTE MANUAL OF TYK)GWHY, THE,
1st Edition, 0321127307 by FELICI, JAMES, published by Pearson Education, Inc, publishing as Adobe Press,
Copyright @ O 3 . All rights Itsenred. No p a t of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any Eo~mor by any means,
electm~ucor mechanical, including photocopying, recording or by any information storage retrieval system, witimut permis-
sion from Pearson Education, Inc. RUSSIAN lanbwage edition published by BHV- St. Petenburg, Copyright O 2004.
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L I ~ I Postscript H ATM ..............................................................
~ K ~ X I HLLIPI?+TJ, 138
I'apamypa a ee HaqepTaHaa ................................................................................ 139
~KPXIHLU HMEITaUIU OTCYTCTBYIOllIeTOIIXpII+Ta ............................................... 141
~ K P X I H L ILU~LI+TLI
~ +op~a~ TrueType
a ..........................................................142
K ~ OIIepauaoHHbIe
K CIlCTeMbI JTlpaBNfHIT LIIPM+T~MII .............................................142
H c n o p q e ~ ~ rupnclp~osb~e
b~e + a i i n ~........................................................................
~ 144
~0TepXHHbIeIIIpIl@oBbIe +*LI ..........................................................................145
& y 6 m p o s a ~ ~ bm 1 ep ~ + ~ o s bcl3aiin~1
~e ...................................................................
147
y6naposame HOMepOB ~ N + T O B ........................................................................ 147
B ~ e n p e ~ IJ.IpFi+Ta
ae B AOKyMeHT ............................................................................ 148
B ~ e n p e m eg a m rupx+~a...................................................................................... 149
ABTOPCKO~ npaBo B o6nacm I I I ~ H + T.......................................................................
~ 149

.
YACTb I1 KAK BEPCTATb TEKCT ....................................... 167
& E I H H ~ I ~CTPOKH H ~ A ~ T H b lHf H
i TepAHHbRX ..................... . . ...........................160
n p 0 6 A e ~ b 1Y3KHX KOAOHOK .................................................................................. 161
B H 3 y a A b H b l e 3 + + e ~ T b 1 H n p 0 6 A e ~ b 1BbIPaDHHBaHHR ....................... . ............ 163
Jo~ep&e rnasy ............................. . ......................................................................
165

.
r n a ~ a9 l l I a p n ~ anonocax ~ a 6 o p a .
KerAb H EiHTepAEXHbRXC ..........................................169
&HHa CTpOKH NAH Q O ~ M ~KOAOHKN
T ..................................................................... 169
Kerhb N + O P M ~ T KOAOHKH ...................... . . ..................................................... 174
~ ~ ~ A I ..............................................................................................................
I H ~ X ~ 175
ABTOM~T~I'I~CKH H~H~T e p A H H b X X ...................... . ...................................................178
&T~~ANH~XX B TeKCTOBbIX p a M K a X ...................................................................... 179
~ Z ~ B H C H M O COTT~~ U B K UOT K W A R ............................................................................ 180
~ I H T ~ ~ A H H Ei
~ XOT~EIBKU
X ......................................................................... 182
C A B H ~AHHHH IIIpH+Ta .............................................................................................183
~ H T e p h H H b X XB BbIBOPOTKe ............................................................................. 185
ACIIMM~T~H H HYT eH
p A~HIH~b X~X B B m A e H T H O M ~ a 6 0 p e....................................185
k h T e p A N H b x ~B HeTeKCTOBOM ~ a 6 o p e................................................................... 186
~ I H T ~ ~ A ~ In H p H~~Ra x6 0 p B e HeCKOAbKO KOAOHOK ................................................186
Oco6b1e n a p a ~ e ~ p m b rp n Q ~ a.................................................................................. 188
~ I I K B K~e r ,A b H + O ~ M ~KOAOHKEi T ..................................................................188
POCT~ O Z I H ~ ~I YX K B............................................................................................. 188
O~IQZI.X I l I H p H H a 3HPKOB ....................................................................................... 189
H ~ C ~ I L ~ ~rrrrpHXOB H H O C.....................................................................................
T~ 190
r p o r e c ~K, e r s H msipnna ~ O A O C ~~ aI 6 0 p a...................................................... 190
ra~HHTYpb1 H H H T e p A H H b R X .................................................................................... 191
Mecra paspb~aac r p o ~......................................................................................... 203
P e r y n q o s a ~ u en p o 6 e ~ ....................................
o~ ......................................................
204
PeryhuposaHue nepeHocoB ............................................................................... 2 0 6
3 o ~ b nepe~oca
1 ........................ .
. ..........................................................................
208
Cnoco6b1nepe~oca............................................................................................... 208
Bxnbl A ~ + U C O B ..................................................................................................... 209
C m u n e p e ~ o c o........................
~ ....... .............................................................
210
go6asneme B a o ~ a p nb e p e ~ o c o.........................................................................
~ 211
Bm-e +op~a~ n ao ~ o ~ca ~6 o~p a.......................................................................... 212
M ~ X C A O Bnpo6enb1 H ~ I ~ &i+naroabrii ~ a 6 o p............................................................ 212
Merncnos~b~e npo6enb1 11 BbIKAWYKa no + O P M ~ T ~.............................................. 214
& i a n a s o ~ bu~ s ~ e ~ anpomefi e ~ m .............................................................................. 219
h P 0 H XIpHHyAHTeAbHaX
~ BbIKAWsKa ............................................................ 220
npHeMb1 p a s p ~ q ~Hk npo6ne~b1i .........................................................................
222
M ~ M ~ HU~ ~HM HB HH~~ K O BB ~ O U ~ BC~ ICK A~ W ~ K .........................
H . . ...................223
.
.
l l p o a e p ~ aYCT~HOBOK+ ~ H K W E I n e p e ~ o c oH ~B ~ I K A W W H ..................... ............225
Y c r a ~ o ~nomp o n ~ m r .....................................................................................
o 225
Bbmsnemie ki ycrpaHe~uen p o 6 n e ~BepCTKH ..........................................................225
Pasperne~~m b ~ue c x a ~ ~~ Oe K ........................................................................
H 226
O T A W Kn~e p e ~ o c o.............................................................................................
~ 226
McIIpaBheHue npo6enoa .....................................................................................227
np06he~b1uweTa>>a63aua ..................................................................................... 228
Bucmne ~ O K .........................
H . . ........................................................................
230
Cnace~ue~ B ~ O B ................................................................................................
~ I D 231
I I o ~ o w b<<cupme>> ...............................................................................................
231
Bep~manbHoeBbIpaBHHBaHIle ................................................................................. 232
B ~ ~ T H K u ~BbIpaBmiBaHEle
Ho~ TeKCTOBOrO ~ A O .............................................
K ~ 234
Kopwopb~B TeKCTe .................................................................................................. 234
B c Tpamoro ~ ~ KPM ....................................................................................... 236
M e a a pa3pbIBa c r p o ~ .............................................................................................. 203
Peryh~iposamenpo6eho.s ............................................................................................ 204
Peryhrposm~en e p e ~ o c o.......................................................................................
~ 206
30Hb1 nepe~oca .......................................................................................................... 208
Cnoco6b1nepe~oca................................................................................................ 208
Bx,qb~ne+acoa ........................................................................................................209
C ~ n e pHe ~ o c o....................................................................................................
~ 210
JI, 0 6 a ~ n e m eB choaapb n e p e ~ o c o......................................................................
~ 211
B m m ~ i e+ o p ~ a ~nohocbr a ~ a 6 o p a................................................................... 212
M~XC~OB H ~ I ~Fi +haX'oBb~ii ~ a 6 o p......................................................... 212
npo6enb1
Mexcho~xb~e npo6ehb1 Fi BbIKhlosKa no +0pMaTJ' ............................................... 214
&ma30Hb1 H3MeHeHPUI ~ ~ I I P o I I..............................................................................
I~~~ 219
hp0ll.I~ Fi IIpkmynMTeAbHaR BbIKAlosKa ........................... .
. ................................220
npFieMb1 pa3pWKH Fi np06heMb1 ......................................................................... 222
b ~ e ~ e mupm m e B H ~ K O BB nposecce B~IKAIOYKEI ................................................. 223
n p o s e p ~ a~ C T ~ H O B O +K~ H K ~ I I I In e p e ~ o c o~i~~ b ~ ~ n l o.......................................
wa 225
YCT~HOBKM no YMOAZI~HF~H) ..................;................................................................. 225
Bbm~heme~i y c r p a ~ e ~n~pioe6 h e ~sepcncn ........................... . . ......................225
Pasperne~~bre ~ l cxamxeh ~ CTPOKH ....................................................................... 226
O T A ~n K e p~e ~ o c o.............................................................................................
~ 226
M c n p a ~ h e ~npo6eno~
~ie ....................................................................................... 227
n p 0 6 h e ~ b <<riBeTas
1 a6aaqa ..................................................................................... 228
B ~ i c m ce r p o ~........................................................................................................
~i 230
C n a c e ~ ~Ni eB ~ O B ~ ................................................................................................
I, 231
n0MoIIXb <<CHpOTeB............................................................................................... 231
Bep~nKaAb~oe BbIpaBHFiBElHFie ................................................................................. 232
Bep~FiKaAbHoeBbIpaBHHBElHHe TeKCTOBOI'O ~ A O ..............................................
K ~ 234
Kopwopbr B T e ~ c r e.................................................................................................. 234
B c ~ e m p~saa ~ o r oK P ~ S........................................................................................... 236
r ~ a 12 .
~ aOTCTJ'IIBIEi BbIPSLBHWBaHHe ................................... 257
B W ~OI T ~ I ~ ~ .......................................................................................................
O B 257
O r c ~ y n. 6 y ~ .....................................................................................258
a ~ p ~ a6saqa
llomorm~b~e 0~erym.1............................................................................................ 259
B H C ~ Y~ HO~ K EIHn o c ~ o m m e0~crym.1........................................................... 260
A63am1e OTCTYII~I ............................................................................................... 260
A63au~b1Go ~ c r y n p +~n a r o s o ~na6ope ....................................................... 262
h a 3 OT a63aq~oroo ~ c ~ y n.............................................................................
a 262
OTcrynb~BTIDKICOG .............................................................................................2 6 3
&c?ynb1 no TOYKe EZhH 3H;LKY ................................................................................ 264
H a K n o ~ ~ KOAOHKH
b~e ~ a 6 0 pH a 0 6 ~ e ~ a ~..............................................................
ne 265
HaKno~~bre ~ A O K HTeKcfa ................................................................................266
npkmukmb1o 6 ~ e ~ ............................................................................................
m s 266
O ~ T ~ K~PXM0)TOhbHkiKOB
~ H H ~ ......................................................................268
O ~ T ~ KO ~~ H ~ ~H K ~Tnenpasmbnofi
O B + o p ~ b l.......................................................271
Bbxpa~misame~ Y K BH TeKCTOBbX ~ A O K O B................................................................272
C-rpa~~lua H cema r u p ~ l + ~....................................................................
a 273
T e ~ m o s a aPpaMa H ee BbIpaBHMBaHHe ..........................................................273
B~PH-I BepTElKaAbHOrO BbIpilBHuBXIHX .............................................................274
B b r p a s ~ ~ s a mnoe sepxy .....................................................................................275
Bbrpasmswne no uem-py ................................................................................... 276
Bbrpa~nmameno HH3Y ................................................................................... 277
B~lcsque3HaKPi .........................................................................................................277
B~3yahb~oe BbIpaBHHBaHEIe .........................................................................................278
Coaepma~ue XXl
XXII CoJepxanue

.
r n a ~ a14 CTPYICTYP~n0KyMeHTa
m npasmna ~ ~ n o r p a + m ~ u ....................................... 313
C-rpyr~qpm~e ~A~M~HT .............................................................................................
LI 313
~ ~ ~ O A O BrAElK HBLI ......................................................................................................315
~OA~WOAOBKM .........................................................................................................316
O c o 6 e ~ ~ oO m T ~ H B O KB 3WOAOBKaX .................................................................. 319
~ ~ T J T B~ 3WOAOBKaX
L I .........................................................................................
320
~ ~ ~ O A O BBK0H 6 0 p ~ y.............................................................................................
320
B L I A ~ A ~UHMH T ~~TI................................................................................................
~~I 321
P ~ X H c-rpyr~qp~x
M A o ~ p e m Ma orna~neaae..................................................... 322
00pMa XIpeACTaBAeHIvr CrpYKTJ'PbIAOKyMeHTa ................................................. 323
Ornasne~~ ...........................................................................................................
e 324
C p e ~ c m aH m ~ r a q ~..................................................................................................
n 325
H y ~ e p a ~ ~c lrrpr a ~ .....~ q ..........................................................................................
; 326
K O A O H T ~ ~............................................................................................................
ALI 327
C ~ p o npononmeHlUl
~a ..............................................................................................
328
Map~epbiKo~uaMa~epaana............................................................................... 330
H ~ ~ ~ B M TeKCTOBbIe
C H M ~ I3AeMeHTLI ~ .........................................................................
330
n o n n ~ Hc n~e r e a n ~................................................................................................
~ 331
CHOCKH .......................................................................................................................
332
kern^ II x m e p n ~ m r r xB C H O C K ~ X ........................................................................ 333
~ l e ..........................................................................................
B b ~ p a n m a a ~CHOCOK 335
Y K ~ ~ ~CHOCOK M
.
T ~ A.................................................................................................
r
336
B C I I O M O ~ ~ TyKa3aTeAM
~ A ~ H L I(MHA~KCLI)
~ ...................................................................
337
LUPII+T M kern^ AAX y ~ a 3 a ~ e n............................................................................
ei 337
C m u O T C T ~ ~ OyB~ a s a ~ e n ...................................................................................
ef 338
C ~ m Bb n o ~ 6 o p..................................................................................................... 339
CT~lnbC OTcTynaMM ............................................................................................... 340
np06ne~b1p a s p ~ ~ c-rpa~~lu aa B y~a3a~enrrx ..........................................................
340
~ ~ 6 n ~ o r p a + ~ s oe n c ~~ ocea ..................................................................................
~~e 341
IIp06hem1 ~ H I I + I ~ ~ I I P O B ~ H H OIIOAXOAa
~O K IIOCTpOeHIIIo T ~ ~ A M..................
U 350
rapHHTYpa. KerAb H MHTepAHHbXX .......................................................................... 352
B ~ I P ~ ~ B M BB~~HaH6 X n ~ u .....................................................................................
ax 353
~TCT~IB I ~Xsef
I ax ~ a 6 m u b 1.............................................................................
354
P a s r p a m i ~ m e n ~ n~ m b ~r e i i ~B ~ a 6 n ~ u a............................................................
x 355
T e m k i ~ a~ a 6 o p ~a a 6 m 4............................................................................................
355
COTHOLII~M~ IlIMpPiH KOAOHOK ki npo6eno~MeXAy HHMM ....................................357
~ H T ~ ~ A H HB ~~ X aX6 n ~ u ......................................................................................
ax 358
~ I H T ~ P A~ I~I ~H~ ~~ ~ ~ H W Y H TAMHeeK ~ A L H.....................................................
~ I X 358
~ e q ~ p o s a mTiee~ c r aMemy n m e i i ~ a m..........................................................
i 361
Bb~paswi~awle 3WOAOBKOB H AXIHbIX .................................................................... 363
n p o 6 n e ~ b BbIpaBHHBmX
1 YHCAOBbIX naHHbIX ...................................................... 364
Bucswe ~ H ~ KB YMCAOB~IX M ~ a 6 n ~ q ...................................................................
ax 366
B~IP~BHMB~LHH~ 3 H Z O B BaAIOTbI ..............................................................................368
f i ~ e i6e3 i ~~~~ a ~ e m..............................................................................................
iii 369
kIMmpykre ................................................................................................................. 370
.
rnasa 17 T e x ~ o n o mc ~ w n e i i .............................................. 385
Karc p a 6 o ~ a T ~HOAOITIX CTmefi ............................................................................ 385
eeX
Pacnesama ~a6mub1 c m e i i ................................................................................... 387
C'I'HAHCUMBOAbHbIe Li a63mb1e .............................................................................. 387
C m a uenyrouero a63a4a ......................... . . ................................................. 388
Cosname m a ............................................................................................................ 388
Hachenoaamie m e i i ..............................................................................................389
Co3ame ems Ha O C H O B ~cymemymuzero Te~cra............................................391
kTcno~b30same~a6-u cruneii .............................................................................392
Ynaheme m e i i ...................................................................................................... 393
Mow+nmpym~neY C T ~ H O B K...............................................................................
~ 393
EIcno~bsosanne m e i i CO~A~HFIX nepeonpeneneIMii................................394
~ I O n~3C aK~ em~ ae i i ..................................................................................... 3 9 5
~ e n c~pymypan o ~ y ~ e w.............................................................
A 6 3 a u ~ crunw ra 395
Phmopmpoaa~aem e i i ........................................................................................ 396

.
rnasa 18 npo6ne~axpa3peme~~ur
n p sd~sone
~ ......................399
I ' I p e v e m a sbico~oropa3peruem ....................................................................399
~ ~ K T Oonpenexmane
P~I, Y ~ T K q O n~ @ a npa n e ~ a m ................................. 400
nesam c M ~ K E I M p a ~ p e m e m .............................................................................
e~ 400
H36eraiiTe Men~oroKerm ................................................................................... 402
EIa6erah-e B~IBOPOTOK n Te~craHa +one ...........................................................402
H36eraiiTe na6opa non y r n o ~ Te~craKmxnoro Kerm ..................................402
3 ~ p a m ~ 1q i in + .....................................................................................................
~ 403
IIIpn+-rb~, qR~3 ~ p a ~ n onpencrasnemx
r0 ............................................................. 403
dpyfue cnoco6b1y A p m e m pa360p~moc~n Ha 3~pane ...................................... 405
Tmorpa+ma n ~ o s a rnay~nxia i ...................................................................... 4 0 7
b ~ ....................................................................................................408
l I e p c n e ~ m CSS
ZITO M O I ~ Tn e ~ a m~ a c ~ w w ~ e ..................................................................409
K o M M ~ H T ~ ~IIepeBOn9HKa
HH .................................................. 413
K rnase 1 ..................................................................................................................
413
K rnase 2 ...................................................................................................................
422
K rnase 3 ...................................................................................................................
424
K rnase 4 ...................................................................................................................
432
K rnase 5 ...................................................................................................................
434
K rnase 6 ..................................................................................................................
436
K rnase 7 ...................................................................................................................
439
K rnase 8 ............................................................................................................... 439
K rnase 9 .................................................................................................................
442
K rnase 10 ...............................................................................................................444
K rnase 11 .................................................................................................................
446
K rnase 12 .................................................................................................................
447
K rnase 13 ...............................................................................................................
449
K rnase 14 .................................................................................................................
451
K rnase 15 ...............................................................................................................
455
K rnane 18 ............................................................................................................... 456
qpyrmn C A O B ~ M ~-, K ~ Knpo-
K ~ KU C T O ~ ,q06mbc~,
O
+ ~ C C M O H ~ ~~
~aH 6On p a Pi B IIepByIO
n B e p C T a T b TeKCT.
osepem, oxia nocamqeea rupucPry B nomrpa+m, XOTR
TCM, K T 0 ZIHTaeT TeKCT C 3 K p a H a MOHFiTOpa, BCe P a B H O
nymna ~ ~ l n o r p a + n s e c ~nao xn a e p m K a , n o c K o A b K y
B b I B o n rupe+~aH a 3 ~ p Hae 0~6 x o n m c f i 6e3 H e e .
K n ~ r aopram30sa~aT ~ K H M06pa30~,w o B ~ MO- I
me-re M C ~ O A L ~ O B ~ee T Lnaomo: ax ~ Y ~ ~ H K U OKT,O P ~ I ~ ~
cnenye-r r I m a T b OT KOPKU AO KOPKM, M K a K cnpanos-
H o e ~ ~ K O B O U C T B OK, KOTOPOMY 0 6 p a ~ ~ m cno 1 1M e p e
H~O~XO~MMOCTM.
TO PYKOBOACTBO nOCBffWeH0 H e CTUheBbIM OCO-
~ ~ H H O C T X rMu p ~ + ~(style
a guide), a ero n p n M e H e m m
(execution guide). B KHMre H e O ~ % B C H I I ~ T C XH,a n p M M e p ,
n o s e M y nywue ~ b 1 6 p a nr a p H m y p y Bembo, a H e rap-
~ m y p Garamond,
y a 06cyx,gae~crr,KaK E I C ~ O A ~ ~ O B ~ T ~
~b16paHHb1ji LUPU* Ha&keXaL4MM o6paao~. Xoporuati
,UM3alH H e B O 3 M O X e H 6e3 r p a M O T H O BbInOAHeHHOrO
~ a 6 o p rau p F i + ~ a .
n p m ~ l h ~al m
~ ~rpa+MKM
HeCKOAbKO C T O A ~ T I 38
~~~,
BTO BpeMff T e X H O A O ~ k CMAbHO
i M3MeHIlhACb, HO U e A b
y T H ~ ' I o I ' P ~ ~ M KOCTahaCb
M XIpeXCHek n p a B l z ? b ~ b 1 2 BbI-
60p n a p a M e T p o a ~ a 6 o p rupn+~a
a M sepcncn, ~eo6xo-
AMMbIX XlpMffl'HOrO M nOAe3HOI'O W e H M R . XOTR
B KHMre ~ ~ ' ~ R C H I I ~ T K
C aI K
I , IIpaKTUYeCKW nOAb30BaTbCR
COBPeMeHHbIMM K O M n b m e P H b I M F i CpeACTBaMU, R nFi-
cah npemne B c e r o o H e n p e x o n r r r r r M x n m H a x . C C ~ I A K ~
H a KOHKPeTHbIe n P O r P a M M b I CBeAeHbI K MHHHMYMY
(T~M
H e M e H e e , BO3MOXHOCTII 6 0 ~ b m m I aI p O l p M M
~ p M H M M a A M C bBO B H U M ~ H H ~ ~) . P O ~ P ~ MMeHHKlTCR,
M ~ I
HO y p O K H 3 ~ 0 f iK H H r E l 6 y n ~~ e i i C T B F i T e A b H b 1H A A a 20-fi BepCHEI nm6oii ~aIX.lefI I p O T a M -
MLI, K a K ~ Y A T O3 T a BepCHX BbIILIAa TOAbKO W O .
He BCe C # ~ Y H K U H O H ~ A ~B03MOXHOCTkl,
H~I~ KOTOpble O ~ C ~ X A ~ H ) T C eCTb
II, B K~X~OG
nporpaMMe m a onepawio~~oti c k i c r e M e , HO HH o n H a 113 HHX H e n p w y M a H a a p e a ~ ~ a o ~ a -
H a B TOM MnH WHOM n p H A o X e H H H . h 6 0 ~ TyX n ~ r p a C j I yHAH 11a60pw~~y OCTaeTCX TOAb-
KO H w e m c x , =froo,g~axcnb~ B c e OHH 06ae,g~~xrcrr B o n ~ o inip o r p a M M e . B TO x e B p e M a
a O n H c a A MHOXeCTBO IIpHeMOB, I I O 3 B O A ~ U @ i X~ 0 6 F i T b ~ Xf tO p O u l e r O aa6opa B CYUleCTBy-
K ) ~ H X n, o K a ewe H e y H m e p c a n b H b r x n p o r p w a x .
I h 3 p p e s H b I f i ~ a 6 o IIOAy%L€TCR
p TOAbKO npki I l p H C T U b H O M BHHMZLHHEI K M P i p I l W a M
~ e ~ b g a i i r u I ne~aheii.
ix OHC T ~ O ~ C nonqac I I H a AOMX K ~ ~ ~ A LEI H O ~ perue~uf,
COTHXX
cyuremesao B n E I a I o q H x H a ero r p a + ~ ~ s e c ~n poeen c T a B n e H H e . Ha6op urpaC#l~a H sep-
CTK~ ~ p e 6 y mK~a ,K O A H a X n b I H-CaA MOG K o M e r a , n p e a e A b H 0 f CTOGKOCTM,cnoco6aoii
IIpOTEIBOCTOXTb O ~ B H H ~ H H RBMH3AHUIHeM BHMMaHLIII K MeAOYaM.
MbI OnHCLIBaeM 3TOT IIPOLleCC, 0Tp;UKPH)T eAHHCTB0
TCXHHKH, T e X H O A O r H l i H OIILITL, HaKOllAeHHbIX 38
500 AeT, c T e x nop, K a K n o A y - r u n a c B o e p a s s m e cwc-
TeMa neqam EIorm~ar y ~ e ~ 6 e p r ao"c H o B a H H u H a
npuaxpine nonaaxworo rupa@a. 0 Y e n b M H o r o OTKP~I-
TIlti H ~ 3 0 6 p e ~ e mn fe in p e m e M y ~ c n o ~ b 3 CyK Px~ I -
T b I e B O ~ O A O Y KIIPEIBbIYHblX
~ CerOAHX KOMnLIOTePHLIX
H ~ ~ O P H ~c ImXx e M (H A r n e B c a ~ b r xH ~ ~ ~ H T X ~ ~ T ~ A L -
HbIX TeKCTOBbIX I I ~ O U ~ C C O ~ ~ X P) . OH ~ C ~ X A ~ H E I H
m p ~ + ~H ea0 6 0 h c b 6e3 CAOB, B KOTOP~IX e c T b KOP-
IM HeMeUKOrO, ( P P ~ I ~ ~ ~ c H
K KTaAbXHCKOTO
o ~ o X3bIKOB.
kI H e B 3 T Z - I H a MHOrOBeKOByIO 3 B O N O W H ) KHHrO-
n e s a T a m R , + y H A & f e W T a A b ~ b ~ e I I p H H ~ E I I I b IH ~ ~ O P H ~ I X
npoueccoa nerre B c e r o nom'rb, o 6 p a m r r r ~ cK ~cno-
co6y, KOTOpbIM ryre~6epr3CtAYMaA ~ a 6 ~ p I aU p~P ibc p ~ .
B 3~0fir n a B e ~ s n a r m c nO C H O B ~ IH ~ ~ O P H ~npouec-
I X
COB H HCTOPWI MX Pa3BIITIIX.

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If it had been intended to leave it in the discretion of the legislature to If it had been mended ta leave it in the discretion of the legislature19 a p
apportion the judicial power between the supreme and inferior courts portion the judicial power behveen the aupreme and inferior courts accord-
accordine to the will of that body, it would certainly have been useless ing to the will of that bod", it would certainly havs been useless to have pro-
to have proceeded further than to have defined the judicial power and ceeded further than to have defvled the judicid power and the tribunak in
the uibvnatj in which it should be vested. The subsequent part of the which it should be vested. The subsequent pan of the section is mere sur-
section is mere surplusage-is entirely without meaning-if such is to plusage-is entirely without meaning-if such is to be the construction. If
be the construction. If Cangress remain* at liberty to give this court ap- Congress remains at liberty to give this court appellate jurisdiction, where
pellate jurisdiction, wherc the Constitution has dedared their jurisdic- thc Conatitution has dedared their jurisdiction will be original, and origi-
tion will be original, and original jurisdiction where the Constitution nal jurisdiction wherc the Constitution has dedared it shall be appellate,the

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If it had been intended to leave it in the discretion of If it had been intended to leave it in the discretion of the
the legislature to apportion the judicial power be- legislature to apportion the judicial power between the
tween the supreme and inferior courts according to supreme and inferior courts according to the will of that
the will of that body, it would certainly have been body, it would certainly have been useless to have pro-
useless to have proceeded further than to have de- ceeded further than to have defined the judicial power
fined the judicial power and the tribunals in which it and the tribunals in which it should be vested. The sub-
should be vested. The subsequent part of the section sequent part of the section is mere surplusage-is entire-

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HOIIepBbIM H 3 3THX H 3 0 6 p e T e ~ H f iC T a h a I I H U l y I I i M MaIIIHHKa Remington. OH^ COeAHHH-
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,
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72 Yacma I. Ocnosa~munozpa$u~u

B TO B p e M X K a K I I e s a ~ a I o w H i iy 3 e A HeIIOABHXeH. B 3AeKTPOHHbIX n P H H T e P a X O ~ ~ I S H O
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O T H o c m e h b H o n e s a T a I o w e r o ysna B nonoxcewze r o T o n H o c T H K nesam cnenyrowero 3 ~ a -
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PHC. 2.1. H 3 0 6 p a x e ~ l l r rA w e - ~ M K M(picas)


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C y r r I e C T B O B U 3 a A O A r O A 0 3 T O r 0 , eAMHOTO C T a H A a P T a ,

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MeHm Preferences ( H a p a M e ~ p bno
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PHC. 2.3. K e r h b XLIpxf$~a OAH- AXIoLUerO K a X A y I o ~ Y K B YXIpXMOyrOALHPiKa, ( c B ~ A ~ H H I ~


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Azam (agate), K a K U n H K a , - TepMUH, COXP~HHBIUH~~CII


C T e X B p e M e H , KOI'Aa K ~ X S A K
~WI ~A b
~ MMeA CBOe co6-
CrBeHHOe Ha3BaHUe (XOTEI B pa3HbIX CTpaHaX OHM MOrhEl
Ha3bIBaTbCEI n o - p a 3 ~ 0 M y ) . ha^ - 3 T 0 KeI'Ab B 5,5 IIyHK-
Ta, K O T O P L I ~KOrAa-TO LUUPOKO MCnOAb30BaACR B r a 3 e T -
HbIX O ~ % B B A ~ H E I X X
Y'IMTbIBaEI
; O%HL M ~ A K Up a~3 ~
Mep
~a6xpancrrTeKCT A 0
O'IKa I U p M c p ~ a , 3THM K e r A e M
14 c r p o H~ a m b ,mrna KaK ~ a 6 o cpo s p e i v e m b m rupa+
TOM T O ~ Ox e K e r M easa a o c m a e T 13 c r p o ~ Ha n m b .
B ~MIO X e T e BCTPeTUTb a r a T b I , KOTOPbIe MCIIOAb3y-
KITCX K a K eAMHUUbI H3MepeHkiX BbICOTbI KOAOHOK (HAM
KaK + ~ H K Y ~ I YCTaHOBOK
I~ ANHM~~
O ~ S ~ P K N B ~ H N3ZT )a ;
eAMHHUa M3MepeHMEI COOTBeTCTByeT CTapOMj' ~a6opy
B 14 CTPOK H a A D ~ M .T ~ P M M
U CH
a M a eAMHU4a CYHTB-
Bsrnnny~~a m 6 y m neqanxym crpa~wuy, B ~ I npex-
,
e ~ e (type). O O P Ma~nponop-
ne B c e r o , s a ~ e ~ azupu$m I
UMM ~ Y K B3 T O r 0 U I P U + T ~ 0Tpa.ZZiDT O C O ~ ~ H H O C TAM-
M
s a i i ~ a~ o ~ ~ p ezap~nu~myopa^^
i i (typeface). G a ~ ~ b r e
r u p ~ + ~xpa~mcrr
a B u@u$rnoeo,u $ache (font), a3 KO-
TOpOrO CMcTeMa TeKcTOBOrO ~ a 6 o p Ei3BAeKaeT
a MH+OP-
M a u M m , H ~ O ~ X O A U M ~AM
EO P ~ ~ M ~ U I ~ H
u xE pI ~
R i + ~Ha a
c-rpamue. LlIpaQm~b~e
+&bi rapea-
KOHKP~TH~IX
T y p RBNIDTCR MCXOAHbIM C b I p b e M A M ~ a 6 o p TeKCTa.
a
B TOG r n a e o n p e n e n r r e T c a paanasae M e x a y rupa+-
M rapau'rypoii, a s a ~ neo ~
T O B ~ I M+ a i h o ~ ~ p o 6 pac-
~0
c ~ a 3 b x s a e ~ c ror TOM, PTO T a K o e r a p H m y p a urpa+~a
(typeface). B z ~ 4. noiine~p e g b o LUPHC~~TOB~IX Qaii-
nax (fonts).

T a K PaCTO nyTahtr - KOMIIAeKT AElTeP HAM I~~PEI+TO-


BOG + a h (font)M r a p H I l T y p a (typeface).LUPH+T ~ 0 0 6 -
me - TO C O B O K ~ ~ H O C 3T n~ a ~ 0 6(characters): ~ Y K B ,
UM+P, CUMBOAOB, B H ~ K O Bnpenwams M T. A., KOTO-
P b I e CIIpOeKTHpOBaHbI &AX COBMeCTHOrO IIpEiMeHeHEiR
TaK me, KaK, C K W e M , lTpUAZVKeHb1 apyr K A p y r y sac-
TU K~KO~O-nx60 C H a p m c e H a a . rapnumypa (typeface) -
3TO ILIPII+T COBepUIeHHO O l l P e A e A e H H O r O PUCYHKB.
A Kckuruelcm ~ u m e pupu$rnosoii
, @ a c (font)
~ - wo +u-
~ H ' I ~ C K O
B o~ n n o q e H H e MAU O n n c a H E i e r a p H u T y p b I
rupaCp.a: B K O ~ ~ P H E LK oXn a x , H a +morpa+mec~oG
PBC. 3.1. Cnosa font u opeface
o 6 0 3 ~ a ~ apa3HOe.
m ~ BA ~ B O ~ rupa+~osoh+aln (font) rapnnrypa wpu@a (typeface)
KOAOHKe np' IrCTaBAeH ~ e 6 0 ~ ; -
New
l l ~ l n r v n tNe*enNry*hihk-Eoman
I P I - A ~ O ~ F O ~u ~~-cI* e n t u i y s c ~ ~ b ~ - ~ m 001
a n na m
I~IOL; -5r -' nporpahlh..rioro t w r a t r o n b l Man O r l 9 0: ,s<5 i 9 S i
IIVMusr$r 3475147045
unotyp no ana,oi
i-s- II NIW ~ D N I I~ n r n m u o t1s L V I J ~ D I B01
~X
KOAa -t
(font), B KOTOPOM OrMCaHbI
L-IAa
BCe
lh rvbudllrln
I l diilw,"
, ~ n t ! n f o10 atit amp %a
/v(r*on 1001 0 4 ) readonil del
Century
napaMeTpk.1 o ~ o 6 p a x e ~~YuK~B
TapHUTypbI New Century
n u ~ a r n em e w century ~ ~ u o ema
~ 8 m l l y N ~(NeWCcnturg

,,la,,ung,e eder
m~
/Welghl (Rman>rsrdnnly dri
k wan)~readonly ae!
SibrniWti r?sdurdy
Schoolbook
Schoolbook. B npasoi KOAOH-
Ke - C O ~ C T B ~ H H Or a p H U T y p a
,,*xdPiIm
Nndenln~wrbon lo3 dcl
mnderi~ne~birtnrr
end riadmly MI
,l*del
- 6s der abcdefghij
ABCDEFG
nonumm* ,N*eent"ryYnibx-Roinaa d i l
nnemmr rendaidsn<mmr del
New Century Schoolbook, ,hL"tTSP Bd*
IPontTYpl l dCl
I l o n V * ~ V I Y I O O O I 0 O O D O I 0 OlleadYnlyd*
IIpeACTaBAeHHaR KOMnAeKTOM
BHBKOB, o 6 ~ ~ a 1 o woa6xr u u ~ n
KlnlquelD25bbOdrl
~PrnmMxI-2I7 -2 15 IOU0 9bOlieailuniY dd
eUrrcnldlcLlnd
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!a#$%&?*
cYr<en""e~iBc
~DBDBJ?~~'~EU~~~)~~~~AA~~FFS~~>IPEIEIDS'~~VIA~B~O.R~~F~~~A~
XapaKTepHbIMU npU3IIaKaMPi, P>3~53)CiAA4D4~3138b562E15CCACA6AOO1CE2CPA~PC95759B
5EC4917754PIC852F990291J
KOTOPbIe I1 OnpeAeARIoT ee AU-
3aiiH

nneme ~ l B Mn eT~ m e . Font - TO + O P M O Y K ~ AM T e c -


a typeface - yro yme c o 6 m e ~ sbrnewca
Ta, ~o ( p ~ c 3.1).
.
Korna B b I BHARTe C T P W H U Y C TeKCTOM, T O M O m e T e
cnpocmb: & a ~ o i i3 T 0 XIIpH+T (KBKU r a p ~ ~ n n ) a ) ? wW
<<%!M ( K a ~ o f ri a p H I I ~ y p 0 f i )~ a 6 p T~KCT?,,
a~ HOB a M H e
I I p m e T B I'OAOBY CnPOCHTb: & a ~ o f 3TO KOMILXeKT AH-
T e p ( K a K o i i XIIPN+TOBO~~ +ah)?,, n O T O M y T O BLI BII-
A m e p e 3 y n b ~ na ~ e s a ~ ~ai ~e , Y C T ~ O ~ ~ C TH
B OC O C T ~ B KOM-
m e m a nmep ( r u p ~ + ~ o ~+oar hoa ) .
n y ~ a ~ H MeXCAy
u a 3TIIMH T e p M H H a M I l I I p O I I 3 0 U I A a
6onbmeii YaCTbW 113-3aIIPOTHBOPe'lIIBOrO IICIIOAb30Ba-
HHII T e p M H H a font ( L U P H ~ T O B O+
~ ~a h ) B KOMIIbIoTep-
H ~ D n( p o r p a M M a x , B ~ O ~ U I M H C TKOTOPLD(
B~ n p ~ i c ~ c m y -
e T IIYHKT MeHH) Font ( ~ P I I + T ) . XOTR CIIMCOK,
npennarae~b~ii
Memo, ocHoBaH H a nepewe m p ~ + -
TOBbIX + a f i ~ 0 ~AOCTYIIHbIX
, AAX IICIIOAb30BaHIIII
B A ~ H H On p~o ~
rpaMMe, ero B e p H e e 6 ~ ~ 6b1
x 0~ a 3 ~ a ~
Typeface ( T a p ~ qrupa+~a),
a n o c K o s K y OH BUW-
gaeT B ce6x HMeHHO H a 3 B a H H R r a P H M T Y p IIIpII+Ta, AO-
CTyIlHbIX A M ~a6opa.kI 3m T e M B e p H e e l T O HeKOTOp1,lC
E;\~Y~B~IM
nOHHTHeM K a K n H 3 a G H a XLIpEicpTa, T a K H
xmorpa+um B U e n o M X B N I ~ XxezemmzR (em square).
-
,zar o a o p m o c b B n p e ~ b m p e i mi a B e , K e r e n L H a x cly-
7

X I I T O C H O B O ~A~ M UeAOI'O P X A a OTHOCHTeALHbIX eAH-


:Gill I13MepeHEE3, YbEl3HaYeHIIEI 3aBHCXT OT KOHKPeTHO-
ro Kernx acnonbsye~ororrrpu+~a.
~ H P H H 3HaKOB
~ I BbIPZlXaKTCIi B OTHOCHTeAbHbIX
?JI[MHHJJaX: K a K I I p a B I m O , B TbICXYHbIX AOAXX KeI'eAb-
:iok B +Gne B c e r n a n p u H u M a e T c a
XLI~~+TOBOM co-
:.rarueHue, H a CKOALKO enmuu (~oneii)p a 3 6 u n a e ~ c x
:;erenbHarr. 3a BTHM c n e n y e T ~ a 6 n u u a~ H ~ K OuBHX
X U P H H ( B L I P ~ ~ X ~ H H ~3THMH
IX ~ A I I H H U ~ M H )n
. p ~ e p
It is time to
~ a o irna6~uy.a~
i ~ e m p u x(melricstable) CM. H a puc. 2.5. pause in our
B ~ T O Mcnyqae K e r e n b H a x C T a H o s u T c x O C H O B O ~ ~
:emu, H a KOTOPOG pacnonaramcx B c e ~ H ~ Kmpu+- H career to
TOBOrO ClXlkAa. n p a B ~ a eCTb
Jm 3a p a M K I l
,
IIAOuaKEi,
3HaKH, KOTOpbIe BMXO-
o6pa3ye~ofiK ~ ~ ~ A ~ H o C ,
review our
HO
TaKUX 3HaKOB HeMHOI'O. principles.. * *
PEIC. 3.2. A u a k r a r u p ~ + ~ aB ,~ I -
A e A e H H a X H a PkICj'IIKe, 0 6 b 1 ~ 1 1 0
B CTpOKaX O ~ ~ I Y H OTeKCTa
~ O BCe ~ Y K B L Ip a C n O A a r a m T - IIeBMAklMa. no 3 ~ 0 f ANIIklki
i BLIC-

IR H a H~BIIAEIMO%AMHEIH, K O T O P U Ha3bIBaeTCX A U H U ~ ~ T p a k i B a l O T C X 6 y l i ~ b 1 ,kl O H a CAY-


)ICUTOCHOBO~~AA~O~~~A~A~HMR
z(~pu(bma' (base line), K a K n o ~ a 3 a ~
H aopuc. 3.2. nono-
u ~ - r r e p ~ ~ e ~ r~ l ox ~a o, p b tpia in e 1 3
XeHEIe AMHHX LUPH+TB H a ~ e r e h b ~ o ii
IIAOIIlaAKe MOXeT
He connanan y p a 3 ~ ~ UIPH+TOB,
1x OHO onpenenxrcx
pHCYHKaMEl3HaKOB,KZLK UCOKa3aHO H a PMC. 3.3. O ~ ~ I ' I H O
A M Hm
~ p ~ + r apacnonaraeTca npxMepHo H a paccros-
HEIM 0 ~ ~ 0'I'peTEi
f i OT HEIXHerO KpaSl Kere~bHOfiIIAOUa,4-
KM. ,&W Tor0 yT06b1 pa3HbIe IIIpM+TbX MOXHO 6 b ~ CO-
0
OAHOG cTpoKe, nonomeHHe AHHMH r u p ~ l + ~ a
B M e u a n Ha
B npenenax ~ e r e a ~ onnorya,4mi
fi onpeaenseTca M 3 KO-
AOB rupa@oaoro + a h a . Ees 06ecne~1e~us nocromo-
ro nonomemix ~ U H E I M m p ~ + ~ a~ ,a 6 o p6 y n e ~= c a n
BBePX-BHM3, KaK B pa360~TaHHofi
IIMIIIj'XIlefi MaUIHHKe.
JkiHM5I IKIpMC#)TaXBMeTCR B ~ ~ X H ~ ~3A
~eM
LeU
HTN
OMM
~xnorpa+ma.P a c c ~ o x Memay
~~e e. ,UPI-
c - ~ ~ o K ~T.M
rnep~uua~3tc"leading),BbIpaxcaeTca B nyHKTax u M3Me-
paeTcs OT AMHUM m p u + ~ aO A H O ~CTPOKM
~ AO AMHMM
m p a + ~ anpenmecmyrorrleii C'I'~OKM (PMC. 3.4). K p o ~ e
T O ~ O ,~ H M m
X p ~ + ~ a
nep~ofi CTPOKM CTpaHnubI SIBAX-
eTcx ~ i c x o n ~ oTiOi Z I K O ~ ~OT
, K O T O P O ~ HaYaHaeTcs
~ pa3-
Meryeme ocranbHoro TeKcTa n m ~ o KOAOHKM
i (nono-
C ~ ~I a 6 0 p a ) .

Kerns, BneZIaTneHMe 0 BeAMZIMHe mp~l+TaCO-


~OMMMO
o ~ CTPOZIH~IX ~ Y K B . TOT p a s ~ e p ,
s n a e ~ c ps a 3 ~ e p ero
o n p e n e n s e ~ ~K~~i iKpaccromxe OT AMHHM L U P H + T ~AO
3.4.
all the glyphs in a font are cre H ~ ~ e p ~ ~u3Me-
DrreTcrr OT AUHIIII
l = m
m n c b ~ OAHO:
a
A .

14 nYmOB are glyphs that ex tend outside ~ o K ~ A o - ~ ~ P ~ J T ~ ~ P ~ A -


u r e c r ~ y m w e i i Ha
. p n c y H K e norca-
14 nYHnoB square, but these are rare. 3 a ~ b 1c y ~ e m s e ~ 200%
u e ~ pa3-
M e p b I N H T e P A n H b R X a , BKAIOYaJI
O T ~ U B K UM e X A Y TeKCTOM 11 3 a -

16 nywros III normal lines of type all the


14 npKToF3 an invisible line called the bas
14 ~ ~ H K T o B as shown above. he position

urpuQra N c p e ~ ~ exjii~ u e i CO-


i
CTaBAReT pOCT CTpOSHbIX ~ Y K B
BeprUHHbI CTPOYHO~ b 1 Ha3bIBaeTCX PoG~~ZOM
6 y ~ ~ <<XB,
cmpozlnalx snalcoe (x-height).hm, nponeneaaaa H a
3~0fiBbICOTe U IIapXAAeAbHasI AIlHkIU LUPII+T~,Ha3bI-
B a e T c s cpedneu"~unuez7(mean line) (pac. 3.5).
B nposecce a c r o p a s e c K o r o pa3nmm POCT CTPOY-
HbIX ~ F B HeOAHOKPaTHO MeHtL1CR. CYIITB~TCX, YTO
ILIPU+T c K ~ ~ ~ H L I M 6 y Yw
OYKOM ~ r a e~T c s nerqe, a H a
s ~ p a M~oeH m o p a n o 6 a s ~ e ~ n aex e o n H o r o nmcena
HeCOMHeHHO C ~ O C O ~ C T B YIIX
K POCTY CTpO'IHLIX ~ Y K B ~T
6 o ~ b m e pa360p~mocmi.
f np~l
~KP~HHOp
Ma 3 p e m e ~ m
K a X ~ b ~l fl uiK C e A OKa3bIBaeT CJ'WeCTBeHHOe B A M H M e .
M ~ I K C H M X A ~ H O3Ha.IeHUX
~O pOCT CTPOYHLIX ~ Y K B
DOC-
mr B cepeame 1960-x ronos, Hanpmep y rapHmyp
Antique Olive n Americana, c Tex nop ~ a 6 ~ 1 o n a e ~ c
TeweHIJMR K er0 YMeHLUIeHHIo (PIIC. 3.6).

C n o ~ aKoTopbre
, ~ onacamx n 06-
M ~ nI c n o ~ b a y eAM
CyXAeHEW +OPM 6 y ~ ~R'B,ARHITCR CMeUIeHIleM TepMH-
HbIX ~ Y K BX npM OAHOM Pi TOM
x e 311ase~nnKerm. B ~epxriefi HOB K a K UCIIOTP~+MKM, TaK EI K ~ A A M T P ~ +IIM OR MBA, RB-
CTpOKe, IIaqMHaR C ~ Y K B A~ I UIHXCR B TeSeHHe C T O A ~ T WBE Pa3HLIX CTpaHaX.
( r a p ~ m y pTimes
a Roman), B ~ R - H e ~ o ~ o p b~r ea a 6 o n e eBWKHLIe TePMHHbI 06cyxfiam-
TO^ AAII CPaBHeHMR, IIpeACTaB- ca aanee, a caMLIe u s n e c ~ m ~ e
npenm-ranner-rbx H a pnc. 3.7.
AeHbI TPPHMTYPbI: Centaur
(Monotype), Bodoni (Linotype),
Janson (Monotype), Gillard 8epXHUR s u ~ o c ~ o A
3neMenr (ascender)
(1TC)x Americana (ATF).
LUpxct,~
- - 6e3 s a c e s e ~
BO ~ ~ o p o i i
CTpOKe, HaYNIiaH C G ~ K B MA
( r a p ~ r i ~ y pHelvetica),
a
CTaBAeH rapHMTypaMM Futura
npen- \
(Bauer), Gill Sans (Monotype), KOHLIeIOA

B/sFT
HMHUH BMHOCHOU u m p a (spur) 3neMeHT (termma[) XBonHK (tall)
3neMeHT (descender)
Univers 55 (Linotype), Avant

A
Garde Gothic (ITC) n Antique
Olive Medium nonyosan (bowl) nepennanu~a(crossbar)

paasunra (uotch) ' 1 '


OWOBHOR
urpnx (stem) mpU3O~lanbHMh
wrpux (bar)

PHC. 3.7.3~e~e1rrb1 ~ Y K BM NX CO~RMHUT~~~HM~~

Ha3BaHMII. H ~ K O T Pi3 O IIapa-


~~I~
MeTpOB, HanpMMep ~ 3 r a 6
(spine), XapaKTepHbI T O A b K O
AAR OTAeAbIILIX ~ Y K B(B ,Z(aHHOM
cnysae S), no G O A ~ ~ N H C T B ORB-
AXroTCR 0 6 4 M npHMeHMMb1
~ ~ ~ TwKa (dot)
KO MIIOI.&iM ~ F B ~ M
Q O P M ~ I ~ Y K B~ a 6 0 p ~ b xILIPEI+TOB,
x n o ~ o 6 ~ b xT ee M ,
K o T o p b I e BM c e h a c B u n H T e nepen m a s a ~ uxcnbrrana
,
CEihbHOe B N M H H e ~ Y K B BbInOAHeHHbIX
, K X pe340M, T X
H ~ a x a r p a + ~ r e cn~e pm
o M . n p r ? s e ~60nbruas sacrb
TOTO, ' I T 0 rOBOpHTCX 0 ~ Y K B ~ X ,
CBR3aHa HMeHHO C nOC-
AeAHHM cnoco6o~.
O6pasub1A M COBpeMeHHOrO LUpHcPTa 6bm~
nep-
BOHaYaAbHO H a n H C a H b I LUHPOKOKOHeYHbIM n e p O M , K a K PHC. 3.8. Q O P M ~ I 6 y ~ Facne- n
n o ~ a a a H~ aopac. 3.8. B ~ ~ B H C H M O C TOUT T O ~ O , K ; ~ Xnepo nosalxbr u 3 ~ a ~ n r p a C p nQop- u.
~ I Y K O T O P O ~IIBMeIIR-
M a ~ Y K B 0, ~
Y n e p X H B a I o T B P y K e H n O A KaKHM YrAOM O H 0 PaCnOAO-
eTCR TOAIuIlHa UlTpMXa, o~o6pa-
meHo K Gpare, n o n y Z I a m c x mrpma n e p e ~ e ~ ~TOA-
oji m a e T chea r u u p o i c o e o r x e s n o r o
UHHbI. ECAHT a K H M 0 6 p a 3 0 ~PHCOBaTb OKpYXHOCTb, nepa, K o T o p o e a B u x e T c x n p o -
TO AHHHX H3MeHXeTCR OT T O H ' I & L L I ~ ~ OI U T p H X a A 0 IIIH- THB S ~ C O B OCTpeAKki.
~~ H~XHM
p O K O r 0 H a I I A b l ~ a jEI H ~ O ~ O P O TT
. a~ax
M3MeHVHBOCTb cosnae~cx,K o r n a nepo s e p T u T
CaMJW LZIIIPOKY+OAAIIIIIO
TOAUHH~I mrpnxa 0npeAeme-r u a u o u ocu oaubualx
9 ~ e ~ e x r n o(stress).
s B e m r ~ H~a aK n o H a OCH s s n r r e T c a
X a p a K T e p H b I M I I P H 3 H a K O M O I I p e A e A e H H O r O CTHAX
m p a + ~ a ,o s e M pacc~a3b1~ae~crr A a e e B BTOG mase.
T ~ K H06pa30~,
M W H P H H ~ Iturnpuxos (strokes) 3 ~ a -
K a M3MeHXDTCR B 3aBHCHMOCTH OT TOrO, B KaKOM H a -
npEU3AeHHH A B H X e T C R nep0 - B B e p X HAH BHH3. ~ T H M
y T a K H X 3HaKOB C O ~ ~ I K H O B ~ H H O
O ~ ~ X C H X ~ T CIIOYeM)'
X,
anPIIMbIMH HOXKBMHD, K a K M,N H A, ~ O X B A R I o T C f f
m p a x pasaol
~ TOAUHH~I (PHC. 3.9).

PMC. 3.9. n e p b e ~ 0 CIIITPEiX


o s e m yam0 onpeaenzh OCHOB-
HYIO ~ $ O P M YMtIOrAX AaTMHCKBX
3acezlxuu (serifs) H ~ ~ ~ I B ~c nI eOr KT a p a c r u E i p r r I o q H e -
6)'~s.B naHI1OM C A y a e y 6 y ~ -
CX pOC'3epKH H a KOHUaX OCHOBHbIX T H X O B . CAOBO BLI M n s u x e H u e nepa a t r a a
s e r i f ~ e a c ~ o~ iTi E I M O A O ~HO,
, BO~MOXHO, OHO B O C X O A ~ ~ $ O P M A P Y ~ UIMPOKNe
T UITPHXII,
K A p e B H e H e M e U K O M Y CAOBY, 0 3 H a 9 a I O W e M Y <IIITpHX*. a n s n m e H u e nepa B n e p x - Y ~ K H ~
XOTRc a M n no ce6e sacesan nMeloT r o p a s ~ o6 o ~ e eA p e B H e e n p o u c x o X A e H a e : HX
H ab KaMeHHbIX HaAnACSIX G p e B ~ e f i~ P ~ L I I IOAHHM
MOXHO 0 6 H a p y ~ H ~ II. H 3 OCHOB-
HbXX IIpHHYIlIIOB K A ~ c c I ~ + u K ~ ~ L Fix H a I L I P U ~ T ~CI
HUHP E I ~ T O BRBASleTCII p a 3 A e A e H H e
s a c e s ~ (seriffed
a ~ ~ faces) u UIPM+TM 6 e 3 3 a c e s e ~IIocne~awe . B ~ H ~ A H ~ C KSOI M~ ~ I K ~
u e serif, 0 6 a e ~ ~ ~ a m Bu oe ~e s o i+pase
HOCIIT ~ a s s a ~ sans i + p a ~ r r y 3 c ~ o CAOBO
e sans
(~6e3w)Ei T ~ B T O H C K UK~ O~ p e H b serif ( < < U T ~ M X P ) .
-
~ ~ c ~ ' I K 3E
T 0I H e TOAbKO AeKOPaTkIBHbIe 3AeMeHTbI. O H H U r P a H l T BaXHJ'XJ P O A b
B BOCnPHRTUU UIPEIC$T~L, nOCKOAbKY nOMOralOT r A a 3 y OTAeAMTb OAMH 3HaK OT APYrOrO
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