5

E xercise 5.1 20

1) 8, 16, 24, 32,

2) 14, 28, 42, 56,
3) 23, 46, 69, 92,
4) 4, 3, 2, 1,
5) -3, -1, 1, 3,
6) 11, 13, 16, 20,
7) 4, 16, 64, 256,
8) 5, 25, 125, 625,
9) 1, 1, 1, 1,
12 24 36 48
10) 2, 3, 4 , 5 ,
4 9 16 25

1)

........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

129
 2)

........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

3)

........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

4)

........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

130
 1 2 4 … 10 …
1) 5 6 7 8 … 14 …
1+4
…………………. 2+4
…………………. 3+4
…………………. 4+4
………………….. … 10 + 4
…………………. … n+4
…………………..

2) 3 5 7 9 … …
…………………. …………………. …………………. ………………….. … ………………….. … …………………..

3) 6 8 10 12 … …
…………………. …………………. …………………. ………………….. … … …………………..

4) 5 8 11 14 … …
…………………. …………………. …………………. ………………….. … … …………………..

5) 7 10 13 16 … …
…………………. …………………. …………………. ………………….. … … …………………..

6) 8 11 14 17 … …
…………………. …………………. …………………. ………………….. … … …………………..

7) 1 3 5 7 … …
…………………. …………………. …………………. ………………….. … … …………………..

8) 0 3 6 9 … …
…………………. …………………. …………………. ………………….. … … …………………..

9) 2 6 10 14 … …
…………………. …………………. …………………. ………………… … … …………………..

10) 4 9 14 19 … …
…………………. …………………. …………………. ………………… … … …………………..

11) 1 3 7 15 … …
…………………. …………………. …………………. ………………….. … … …………………..

12) -1 6 25 62 … …
…………………. …………………. …………………. ………………….. … … ………………….

131
 1) 1 2 3 4 5 … n
11 15 19 23 27 …
..........................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................

........................................................................................................................................................

2)
26 27 28 29 30 … n
1 2 3 4 5 …

……………………………………………. ...................................................................

........................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................

............................................................................................

..............................................................................................

3)
1 3 5 7 9 … n

3 5 7 9 11 …

...............................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................

........................................................................................................................................

.........................................

..........................................

............................................

132
1 1 1 1
81 , 27 , 9 , 3 , …

133
 1 90 1 50 (90 1) + 50 = 140
2 90 2 50 (90 2) + 50 = 230
3 90 3 50 (90 3) + 50 = 320
4 90 4 50 (90 4) + 50 = 410

n 90 n 50 (90 n) + 50

134
 1 2 3 4 … n
1,299 1,598 1,897 2,196 …

1 2 3 4 … n
1,299 1,598 1,897 2,196
…

135
 1)

1 2 3 4 … 14 … n

5 8 11 14

........................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................

.........................................................

……………………………………………………… ........................................................................

2)

1 2 3 4 … 29 … n
3 4 5 6
136
 ........................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................

.............................................................

………………………………………………………… ....................................................................

3)

1 2 3 4 … 15 … n
4 9 16 25

...................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................

…………………………………………………… ...........................................................................

137
 x , 0

E xercise 5.2 10

1) 6 + x .................... 2) a - 12 = 30 ………………

3) 7x .................... 4) 81 = 27 ………………
m
.................... 6) 5x ………………

7) 4z 3+ 1 .................... 8) y-7=6
3 9 ………………

.................... 10) 9 - 2x ………………

x+b=0
1) x+8=0
2) 3x2 - 3 = 0
3) x2 - 5x + 6 = 0
4) 2x - 4 = 6
5) x - 73 = 83
6) -9x - 5 = -4
7) 10 - 7x = 9
8) x3 = -27
9) -4x + 1.6 = 1.6
10) 1.5x = -7.5
138
 1) x + 9 = 17 [8] ............................ 2) -14 + x = -20 [-6] …………………..

3) 18 - x = 22 [4] ............................ 4) 9x + 13 = -5 [-2] …………………..

5) -16 - 3x = 5 [-7] ............................ 6) -2x = 36 [18] …………………..

7) 6x = 0 [0] ............................ 8) x+6=4 [25] …………………..

12 8
9) 2x - 9 = 7 [-43] 10) x + 23 -15
11 ............................
19 = 19 [2] …………………..

4.
1) x + 6 = 10 ……………………….. 2) -13 + x = -72 ..................................

3) x - 51 = 30 4) -48 = 3
………………………..
x ..................................

5) 40 + 7x = 5 ……………………….. 6) 11x - 37 = 51 ..................................

7) 25 - 9x = 88 ……………………….. 8) x + 19 = 4 ..................................
3
9) 4x = -12 ……………………….. 10) 7 + 3x = 11 ..................................
11 8

1) x + 25 = -13
…………………………………………… .................................................................

2) 1 - 3x = 16
…………………………………………… .................................................................

3) x4 + x4 = x2
…………………………………………… .................................................................

139
 4) 2x + 7 = 2(x + 3)
…………………………………………… .................................................................

5) 13x7+ 9 = 5
…………………………………………… .................................................................

6) -11x + 5 = 5 - 11x
…………………………………………… .................................................................

7) 6x 2- 8x = -x
…………………………………………… .................................................................

8) x + 4x = 8x - 3x - 1
…………………………………………… .................................................................

9) x - 34 = -22
…………………………………………… .................................................................

10) x3 - x3 = 0
…………………………………………… .................................................................

F.
..................... 1) 0.5 + x = 3.75 A. [-49]
C.
..................... 2) 3x - 1 = 62 B. [50]
..................... 3) x +3 1 = -16 C. [21]
G.
..................... 4) x - 3 23 = 1 13 D. [-3.25]
E.
..................... 5) -3.5 + x = -35.5 E. [-32]
F. [3.25]
G. [5]

140
 1 0
1=b 1 a=b 0

E xercise 5.3 10

x x =z ..........................................................

x x = 13 ..........................................................

1 ..........................................................
5
m = n 3- 5 n-5=m ..........................................................
3 3 3
n+6 ..........................................................
8
x x = -20 ..........................................................

n-5=m ..........................................................
3 3
..........................................................

x x = -5 ..........................................................

x x ..........................................................

141
 x x+3= .
x = 5 x + 29 = ..........................................................................................................
5+2
9 9 9
x = - 47 3
………… … 7………………………………………………… = -
4 +3
7 7
x 5 - 11
x - 11 = .....................................................................................
x 20 - 7 + 9
……………………………………………………………………………… =x+9
x = 16 x - 127
………………………………………………………………………….. = 16 - 127
x = - 143 - 143 - 37
x - 37 = ..........................................................................................................
x -6x + 19 - 19
………………………………………………………………….. = (-31) - 19
x x 8
……………………………………………………………………………… =3 8
x (-6) 2
x = .......................................................................................................................
2
x = 1113 1113 4
x = .......................................................................................................................
4
x = - 154 x
……………………………………………………………………. = - 154 5
5
x 51
x = .......................................................................................................................
3
4x 12 54
x = .......................................................................................................................
5
x-7 x-7
……………………………………………………………………………… =4 3
3

1. x x
2. x x
x x
2
4. x x
5. x+2 x
9
142
1. x + 52 = 3 38 4x + 2
3 3

2. x 2 3x - 3 x - 4 = x
3 4

143
 E xercise 5.4 A 5

1) x - 15 = -9 2) x + 29 = 34

3) 59 = 30 + x 4) -10 = x + 27

144
5) x - 57 = 97 6) x - 13 3
24 = 8

7) x - 25 7
36 = - 12 8) 158 + x = 15

9) - 23 = (-x) - 17
302 10) -1 19 5
24 = (-x) + 3 6

145
 E xercise 5.4B 5

1) 11x = -8 2) - 15x = -5

3) -14x = -126 4) 0.2x = 7

146
5) -0.88 = -2.2x 6) 132 = - 116 x

7) 118 x = 21
44 8) - 15 3
38 = 19 x

9) - 209 x = 8.1 10) -10.4 = -1 58 x

147
 E xercise 5.4C 10

x+2=5

x + 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 x+2=5
……………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………

-1 -1 ……………………………………………………………

-1 -1 -1 -1 ……………………………………………………………
x + 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 x+2-2=5-2
……………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………
x 1 1 1
x =3
……………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………

1) x + 4 = -2
x+ 1 1 1 1 -1 -1

-1 -1 -1 -1
-1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1
x+ 1 1 1 1 -1 -1

x -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1

148
2) 3(2x - 5) = 5(x + 3)

x x -5
x x -5 x 3 x 3 x 3
x x -5 x 3 x 3

x 3 x 3 x 3
x x x x x x -15 x 3 x 3

x x x x x x -15 x x x x x 15

-x -x -x -x -x

-x -x -x -x -x -x -x -x -x -x
x x x x x x -15 x x x x x 15

x -15 15

+15
+15 +15
x -15 15

x 30

149
 1) x3 - 5 = 4 2) - 15x + 1 = 8
-x

3) 10 + x4 = 7 4) 5x + 4 = -36

150
5) 2x
15 - 13 = 5 6) - 3x4 + 10 = 22

7) -9 = 13 (x + 11) 8) 4(x - 6) = 20

151
 9) 67 (x - 4) = 54 10) 3(5x 4+ 11) = -18

1) (-0.9x) - 1.8 = 2.7 2) 37 x + 47 = 25 x - 57

3

3) 2x - 11 = 56 x + 3 4) 7x + 20(x - 9) = -18

152
5) 16x - 39 = 11x + 21 6) - 58 (3x + 5) - 6 14 = 7 12

7) x4 + 14 = x3 - 125 8) x2 - 34 = 169 + x8

153
 5.5

E xercise 5.5 15
x

154
 x

2
3

155
156
3
4

157
 Math in Real Life
2
5

1
2
1
3

158
10

159
 5 10

1. 1, 2, 3, 4, …
2 4 5 6 7
1. n n+ 4 2. n +n 3
3. nn +- 12 4. 2nn ++ 11
2
2.
1. 0, 1, 3, 6, 10 2. 0, 1, 3, 8, 15
3. -1, 0, 3, 6, 10 4. -1, 0, 3, 8, 15

1 2 4 5 …
9 12 15 18 21 …

1. 81 2. 83 3. 85 4. 87
4.
1. 2(n + 3) 2. 2n + 3
3. 3(n + 2) 4. 3n + 2

1 2 4 5 …
-3 -2 -1 0 1 …
5.
1. 48 2. 49 3. 50 4. 51
6.
1. 95 2. 96 3. 97 4. 98

160
 1 2 4 …

4(4 - 3) = 2 5(5 - 3) = 5 6(6 - 3) = 9 7(7 - 3) = 14 …

2 2 2 2

7.
1. 90 2. 95 3. 100 4. 105
8. x+7 x
5

x
1. 4 - 3x = 25 2. 2(4x - 9) = 30
3. 6x - 29 = 2x - 1 4. 5x + 13 = 4x + 6
10. x
1. x-7=x+x 2. x - x2 - 1 = 3
3 2
3. 3 (x + 5) = 9 4. 17 x - 10 = -11
4
11.
1) 1 (x - 3) = 4
2 2) (-x)6+ 6 = 8 2- x
3) 15 - 6x = -39 4) 3x + 4 = 2(x - 3)

12. 2x x
3
1. 32 2. 36 3. 40 4. 44

161
 x
1. 2(2 4- 3x) = -5 2. 3(2x6+ 2) = -2
3. 3(2 7- 3x) = 6 4. 4(3x8+ 2) = 7
14. 3x + x = 1x - 5 x
4 2 6
1. - 23 2. - 34 3. - 45 4. - 53
15. 8
1. 34 (6 - 2x) = - 34 x 2. 23 (15 - 3x) = - 34 x
3. 14 (2 + 3x) = 23 x - 16 4. 13 (13 + 2x) = 14 (x + 1) + x
16.

1. 74 2. 87 3. 103 4. 119
17.

1. 21 2. 27 3. 36 4. 42
18.

1. 119 2. 128 3. 131 4. 134

3
5

1. 375 2. 390 3. 405 4. 420

20.

1. 16 2. 22 3. 26 4. 30
162
 5
1.

2.

163
 1.

164
2.

165
 1. x x
1. -10 2. 10 3. -32 4. 32
2.
1. -3 2. 3 3. -13 4. 13

1. -22 - 10 - 37 + 58 = -11
2. 13 - 27 + 42 - 24 = 4
3. -54 + 36 - 9 + 42 = 15
4. 78 - 49 + 31 - 91 = -29
4.
1. -28 2. 28 3. -31 4. 31
5. [(-9) + 15 - (-23)]
1. -4 14 2. 4 14 3. -7 14 4. 7 14
6.
1. (a

3. b
4. b
7. A B C D
-3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3

1. A D 2. B D
3. C B 4. D A

166
 8. - 15
28 5 7
1 2 56 - 1 127
1. - 121 2. 12 3. - 365 4. 6 15
5
8
1
3

10. (2 102) + (6 10) + (3 1) + 5 1 + 1 1

102 103
1. 26.351 2. 263.015
3. 263.051 4. 2,635.10
11.
1. -0.089 -0.09 -0.093
2. -0.2476 -0.2674 -0.2746
3. 0.21463 0.2146 0.214
4. 0.56103 0.5681 0.586
12.
1. -19.3850 2. 19.3850
3. -56.8258 4. 56.8258
(41.76 - 32.9) 1.058
0.612
1. 9.373 2. 9.918 3. 15.317 4. 16.205
14.

1. 16.105 2. 16.125 3. 17.317 4. 17.125

15. (0.8)4 0.8 (0.64)3
1. (0.8)10 2. (0.8)11 3. (0.8)12 4. (0.8)13

167
 16. - 111 a5 b4 - 121
1 ab3
1. 111 a5 b12 1 a6 b7
113
3. - 111 a5 b12 1 a6 b7
113
17. (x6 yz-2)2 (-4x3)3
21 14
1. -12x2 y 2. -12x4 y
z z
21 2 14 2
3. -64x 4 y 4. -64x 4 y
z z
0
18. + 15 + 51 + (-1)5 - (-5)0
1. 0 2. -1 3. 2 4. 5

10-5
1. 2.14 103 2.14 105
3. 2.14 106 107
20. 1011

3.

21.
1.

168
22.

1. 2.

3. 4.

1. 2.

3. 4.

169
 24.

1. 2. 1
1 2 4 5 3 2
1 1 1 2 2 2
1 1 3 2 1 2
1 1 3 2 1

3. 1 4. 2 3 4 3 2
3 2 2
1 2 5 2
1 2 3

1 2 4 5 …
1 7 17 31 49 … 2n2 - 1

25.
1. 195 2. 196
3. 391 4. 392
26.
1. 25 2. 27
3. 29 4. 31

170
27. x
x
x
x
x

28. x x x x

29.
x
x
x
x
30. x x
x

171