คณิตพื้นฐาน ม.5

เอกสารประกอบการสอนวิชาคณิตศาสตร2พื้นฐาน ม.
5 1
เอกสารประกอบการสอน
วิชาคณิตศาสตร+พื้นฐาน
ม.5
ชื่อ …………………………………………………………………………ชั้น ………………….เลขที่ ………….

โรงเรียน …………………………………………… ครูผู7สอน ………………………………………………….
เอกสารประกอบการสอนวิชาคณิตศาสตร2พื้นฐาน ม.5 2
แบบฝ<กหัด 1.1
1. จงหา
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2. จงเขียนจำนวนต-อไปนี้ให3อยู-ในรูปอย-างง-ายและเลขยกกำลังทุกจำนวนมีเลขชี้กำลังเป?นจำนวนเต็มบวก
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3. ให3 𝑥, 𝑦
และ 𝑧 เป?นจำนวนจริงที่ไม-เป?นศูนยF จงทำให3พจนFต-อไปนี้อยู-ในรูปอย-างง-ายและเลขยกกำลัง
ทุกจำนวนมีเลขชี้กำลังเป?นจำนวนเต็มบวก
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1. จงหา
1) รากที่ 2 ของ 64 2) รากที่ 2 ของ 5
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3) รากที่ 4 ของ 4 4) รากที่ 3 ของ -343
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5) ค-าหลักของรากที่ 4 ของ 625 6) ค-าหลักของรากที่ 4 ของ -1296
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2. จงเขียนจำนวนต-อไปนี้ให3อยู-ในรูปอย-างง-าย
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3. จงเขียนจำนวนต-อไปนี้ให3อยู-ในรูปที่ตัวส-วนไม-ติดกรณฑF
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1) √45 ∙ √20 2) ;7√5 − 3√5=;3√2 + √2=
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5. จงเติมเครื่องหมาย < หรือ > หรือ = ใน ที่ทำให3แต-ละข3อความต-อไปนี้เป?นจริงพร3อมแสดงแนวคิด

1) 8(−7)# -7 ………………………………………………………………............................…….

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แบบฝ<กหัด
1.3

1. จงเขียนจำนวนต-อไปนี้ให3อยู-ในรูปอย-างง-ายและเลขยกกำลังทุกจำนวนมีเลขชี้กำลังเป?นจำนวนจริงบวก
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2. ให3 𝑥 และ 𝑦 เป?นจำนวนจริงบวก จงเขียนจำนวนต-อไปนี้ให3อยู-ในรูปอย-างง-ายและเลขยกกำลังทุกจำนวน

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4. ให3 𝑥 และ 𝑦 เป?นจำนวนจริงบวก จงทำให3พจนFต-อไปนี้อยู-ในรูปอย-างง-าย

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5. จงเติมเครื่องหมาย < หรือ = หรือ > ใน ที่ทำให3แต-ละข3อความต-อไปนี้เป?นจริง พร3อมแสดงแนวคิด
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6. ในวันที่มีอากาศสดใส ชายคนหนึ่งยืนอยู-บนชั้นสูงสุดของตึก เขาสามารถมองไปได3ไกล

เป?นระยะที่สามารถคำนวณได3จาก 𝑑 = 3.57√ℎ เมื่อ 𝑑 แทนระยะที่สามารถมองไปได3
(มีหน-วยเป?นกิโลเมตร) และ ℎ แทนความสูงของตึก ณ จุดที่ยืน (มีหน-วยเป?นเมตร)
จงหาว-าถ3าเขายืนอยู-บนตึกที่สูง 49 เมตร แล3วเขาจะสามารถมองไปได3ไกลที่สุดประมาณกี่กิโลเมตร
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7. ถ3าน้ำหนักของวาฬสามารถคำนวณได3จาก 𝑊 = (0.0016)𝐿 $ เมื่อ 𝑊 แทนน้ำหนักของวาฬ
(มีหน-วยเป?นตัน) และ 𝐿 แทนความยาวของวาฬ (มีหน-วยเป?นฟุต) จงหาว-าถ3าวาฬมีความยาว 32 ฟุต
แล3ววาฬจะมีน้ำหนักประมาณกี่ตัน
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8. กำหนดให3 𝑛 แทนจำนวนประชากรเมื่อเวลาผ-านไป 𝑡 ปT โดยที่ 𝑛 = 𝑛" (1 + 𝑟)6 เมื่อ 𝑛"
แทนจำนวนประชากรตอนเริ่มต3น และ 𝑟 แทนอัตราการเพิ่มขึ้นของจำนวนประชากรต-อปT
ถ3าใน พ.ศ. 2561 จังหวัดหนึ่งมีประชากร 112,000 คน และมีอัตราการเพิ่มของประชากร 4% ต-อปT
แล3วใน พ.ศ. 2571 จังหวัดนี้จะมีประชากรประมาณเท-าใด
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9. ธนาคารแห-งหนึ่งกำหนดอัตราดอกเบี้ยร3อยละ 0.75 ต-อปT โดยคิดดอกเบี้ยแบบทบต3นทุกปT

1) ถ3าฝากเงิน 50,000 บาท โดยไม-มีการถอนเงิน จงหาจำนวนเงินฝากในบัญชีเมื่อสิ้นปTที่ 10
และดอกเบี้ยทั้งหมดที่ได3รับ

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2) ถ3าต3องการให3มีเงินในบัญชีเมื่อสิ้นปTที่ 15 เป?นจำนวนเงิน 150,000 บาท จะต3องฝากเงินต3น

ไว3อย-างน3อยเท-าใด

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10. ธันวาฝากเงิน 20,000 บาท กับธนาคารแห-งหนึ่งที่คิดดอกเบี้ยแบบทบต3นทุกปTเป?นเวลา 5 ปT

โดยที่ไม-มีการฝากและถอนเงินในระหว-างนี้ เมื่อครบ 5 ปT พบว-ามีเงินรวม 22,081.62 บาท
จงหาอัตราดอกเบี้ยที่ธนาคารกำหนดสำหรับเงินฝากนี้
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11. บริษัทแห-งหนึ่งกำหนดเงินเดือนเริ่มต3นสำหรับพนักงานวุฒิปริญญาตรี 18,000 บาท

โดยเงินเดือนจะเพิ่มขึ้นร3อยละ 7 ต-อปT และเงินเดือนสูงสุดที่พนักงานวุฒิปริญญาตรีจะได3รับคือ 80,000 บาท
ถ3าสายธารมีวุฒิปริญญาตรีและเริ่มทำงานที่บริษัทแห-งนี้เมื่ออายุ 24 ปT จงหาว-า
1) เมื่อสายธารอายุ 30 ปT จะได3รับเงินเดือนเท-าใด

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2) สายธารต3องทำงานอย-างน3อยกี่ปTจึงจะได3รับเงินเดือนเกิน 50,000 บาท

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3) สายธารจะได3รับเงินเดือนสูงสุดเมื่ออายุเท-าใด

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1. จงเขียนจำนวนต-อไปนี้ให3อยู-ในรูปอย-างง-ายและเลขยกกำลังทุกจำนวนมีเลขชี้กำลังเป?นจำนวนเต็มบวก
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2. ให3 𝑥, y และ z เป?นจำนวนจริงที่ไม-เป?นศูนยF จงทำให3พจนFต-อไปนี้อยู-ในรูปอย-างง-ายและเลขยกกำลังทุกจำนวน

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1) รากที่ 2 ของ 121 2) รากที่ 3 ของ 396
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3) รากที่ 4 ของ -81 4) รากที่ 5 ของ -32

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3) √20 − √45 + 2√5 4) ;5√2 + 1=;5√2 − 1=
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#
5) ;√6 − √3= 6) 3√5;√10 + 2√5=
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7) ;√5 − 2=;2√5 − 1= 8) ; √3 − 1=; √9 + √3 + 1=
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9) ;2√3 + 7=;√3 − 3√7= 10) ;√98 − √18=;√8 + √50=
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√%# ! √(0- √)#
11) " 12) +√1296 + − # ,
√% √# √) √'
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!% !% !% ) #(("
13) " − ' ++ 14) 2 B2 +108 , −
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√!)% √#% √!#% ')#" #' "
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6. ให3 𝑥 และ 𝑦 เป?นจำนวนจริงบวก จงทำให3พจนFต-อไปนี้อยู-ในรูปอย-างง-ายและเลขยกกำลังทุกจำนวน
มีเลขชี้กำลังเป?นจำนวนจริงบวก
1) 3√4𝑥 % − 5𝑥√36𝑥 )

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2) 𝑥 √8𝑥 − 4√27𝑥 ' + "
√#%+ !

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3) + ,'
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5) +6𝑥 ! 𝑦, +3𝑥𝑦 ! ,

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+ %! , !
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7. ให3 𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑥 และ 𝑦 เป?นจำนวนจริงบวก จงทำให3พจนFต-อไปนี้อยู-ในรูปอย-างง-ายและตัวส-วนไม-ติดกรณฑF

:')#; " < $ " %; "
1) √!'';<! 2) 7#-<
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'"+ ! , $ !!; " < ##+ ! ,
3) 7 );! <$ 4) B7 #+, " C B7 #%;< C
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8. จงเติมเครื่องหมาย < หรือ = หรือ > ใน ที่ทำให3แต-ละข3อความต-อไปนี้เป?นจริงพร3อมแสดงแนวคิด
1) 2√2√5 3√5 ………………………………………………………………............................…….
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2) ; √−56=;√−49= ;√48=; √36= ………………………………………………………………............................…….
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9. กำหนดให3 𝑛 แทนจำนวนประชากรเมื่อเวลาผ-านไป 𝑡 ปT โดยที่ 𝑛 = 𝑛" (1 + 𝑟)6

เมื่อ 𝑛" แทนจำนวนประชากรตอนเริ่มต3น และ 𝑟 แทนอัตราการเพิ่มขึ้นของจำนวนประชากรต-อปT ใน พ.ศ. 2559
พบว-า โลกมีประชากรทั้งหมด 7.4 พันล3านคน ถ3าอัตราการเพิ่มของประชากรโลกเป?น 1.13% ต-อปT
แล3วโลกจะมีจำนวนประชากรประมาณเท-าใดใน พ.ศ. 2586
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10. ในเมืองหนึ่งมีประชากรอาศัยอยู- 10,000 คน ถ3า 𝑛 แทนจำนวนประชากรเมื่อเวลาผ-านไป 𝑡 ปT
,
โดยที่ 𝑛 = 10000(1.3)*& แล3วในอีก 10 ปTข3างหน3า จะมีจำนวนประชากรในเมืองนี้ประมาณกี่คน
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11. กำหนดให3 𝑆 แทนค-าประมาณของพื้นที่ของผิวหนังของมนุษยF (มีหน-วยเป?นตารางฟุต)
หาได3จาก 𝑆 = (0.1091)(𝑤ℎ)".% เมื่อ ℎ แทนความสูง (มีหน-วยเป?นนิ้ว) และ 𝑤 แทนน้ำหนัก
(มีหน-วยเป?นปอนดF) จงหาค-าประมาณของพื้นที่ของผิวหนังของคนที่สูง 5 ฟุต 4 นิ้วและหนัก 180 ปอนดF
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12. ในการปรับปริมาณการให3ยาชนิดหนึ่งกับคนไข3 พบว-า เมื่อรับประทานยาแล3ว ร-างกายจะขับยาที่เป?นส-วนเกิน
ออกทางป[สสาวะ ให3 𝐴 เป?นปริมาณยาที่เหลืออยู-ในร-างกายเมื่อเวลาผ-านไป 𝑡 ชั่วโมง (มีหน-วยเป?นมิลลิกรัม)
ถ3าคนไข3ได3รับยาชนิดนี้ 10 มิลลิกรัม จะได3ว-า 𝐴 = 10(0.8)6 ถ3าต3องการให3ปริมาณยาที่เหลืออยู-ในร-างกาย
น3อยกว-า 1 มิลลิกรัม แล3วจะต3องใช3เวลาอย-างน3อยกี่ชั่วโมง
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13. เมื่อ ค.ศ. 1609 - 1618 โยฮันเนส เคพเลอรF (Johannes Kepler) นักดาราศาสตรFชาวเยอรมัน
ได3สร3างกฎของเคพเลอรF (Kepler's Laws) ซึ่งสามารถหาระยะทางเฉลี่ยจากดาวเคราะหFไปยังดวงอาทิตยF
!
ได3จากสมการ 𝑎 = 𝑝" เมื่อ 𝑎 แทนระยะทางเฉลี่ยจากดาวเคราะหFไปยังดวงอาทิตยFมีหน-วยเป?น AU
(Astronomical Unit) และ 𝑝 แทนเวลาที่ดาวเคราะหFโคจรรอบดวงอาทิตยF 1 รอบ มีหน-วยเป?นปT
ถ3าดาวเนปจูนมีเวลาโคจรรอบดวงอาทิตยFประมาณ 165 ปT แล3วระยะทางเฉลี่ยจากดาวเนปจูน
ไปยังดวงอาทิตยFเป?นเท-าใด
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14. ธนาคารแห-งหนึ่งกำหนดอัตราดอกเบี้ยร3อยละ 4 ต-อปT โดยคิดดอกเบี้ยแบบทบต3นทุกปT
1) กรฝากเงินไว3กับธนาคารแห-งนี้ 100,000 บาท ถ3าเขาป`ดบัญชีกับธนาคารเมื่อฝากครบ 50 ปT
แล3วกรจะได3รับเงินทั้งหมดเท-าใด

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2) ถ3าต3องการให3มีเงินในบัญชีเมื่อสิ้นปTที่ 30 เป?นจำนวนเงิน 10,000,000 บาท
แล3วต3องฝากเงินต3นไว3อย-างน3อยเท-าใด

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15. ญดาฝากเงิน 50,000 บาท กับธนาคารแห-งหนึ่งที่คิดดอกเบี้ยแบบทบต3นทุกปTเป?นเวลา 10 ปT

โดยที่ไม-มีการฝากและถอนเงินในระหว-างนี้ เมื่อครบ 10 ปT พบว-ามีเงินรวม 67,195.82 บาท
จงหาอัตราดอกเบี้ยที่ธนาคารกำหนดสำหรับเงินฝากนี ้
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16. นายแพทยFศุภกุลอายุ 24 ปT เป?นแพทยFที่ได3รับปริญญาแพทยศาสตรบัณฑิตและได3รับใบอนุญาต
ประกอบวิชาชีพเวชกรรม ได3เงินเดือนเริ่มต3นเดือนละ 17,920 บาท และแพทยFหญิงวัฒนาอายุ 27 ปT
เป?นแพทยFที่ได3รับวุฒิบัตรแสดงความรู3ความชำนาญในการประกอบวิชาชีพเวชกรรมของแพทยสภา
ที่มีกำหนดเวลาศึกษาอบรมไม-น3อยกว-า 3 ปT ต-อจากวุฒิปริญญาแพทยศาสตรบัณฑิตและได3รับใบประกอบ
วิชาชีพเวชกรรม ได3เงินเดือนเริ่มต3นเดือนละ 20,000 บาท กำหนดให3เงินเดือนของแพทยFเพิ่มขึ้นร3อยละ 6 ต-อปT
จงหาว-า
1) เมื่อทั้งสองคนมีอายุ 30 ปT ใครจะมีเงินเดือนมากกว-ากันและมากกว-ากันเท-าใด

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2) ถ3าเงินเดือนสูงสุดที่แพทยFจะได3รับ คือ 76,800 บาท แล3วนายแพทยFศุภกุลและแพทยFหญิงวัฒนา
จะได3รับเงินเดือนสูงสุดเมื่ออายุเท-าใด

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1. จงพิจารณาว-าเซตของคู-อันดับต-อไปนี้เป?นฟ[งกFชันหรือไม-
1) 𝐴 = {(1, 𝑝), (3, 𝑝), (2, 𝑟)} 2) 𝐵 = {(𝑝, 1), (𝑝, 3), (𝑟, 2)}
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3) 𝐶 = {(𝑥, 𝑦)| 𝑥 = 𝑦 # + 7} 4) 𝐷 = {(𝑥, 𝑦)| 𝑦 = 𝑥 # + 7}
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2. จากแผนภาพแสดงฟ[งกFชัน 𝑓 จงหา 𝑓(𝑎), 𝑓(𝑏), 𝑓(𝑐) และ 𝑓(𝑑)
1) 2)

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3. กำหนดให3 𝑓 เป?นฟ[งกFชัน โดยที ่ 𝐷> = {−2, −1, 0, 1, 2} จงเขียน 𝑓 แบบแจกแจงสมาชิก เมื่อ

1) 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 # 2) 𝑓(𝑥) = √𝑥 + 2
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1 เมื่อ 𝑥 < 1
4. ให3 𝑓(𝑥) = p 𝑥 เมื่อ 1 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 3
2 เมื่อ 𝑥 > 3
𝑓(−2), 𝑓(0), 𝑓(1), 𝑓 +#, , 𝑓;√3=, 𝑓(9) และ 𝑓(3 + ℎ) − 𝑓(3) เมื่อ ℎ > 0
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จงหา
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5. จงเขียนกราฟของ 𝑟 และพิจารณาว-า 𝑟 เป?นฟ[งกFชันหรือไม-

1) 𝑟 = {(𝑥, 𝑦)| 𝑦 = −𝑥 + 2}

𝑥 0 1 2
y
(𝑥, 𝑦)

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2) 𝑟 = {(𝑥, 𝑦)| 𝑦 # = −𝑥 + 4}

𝑥 0 1 2
y
(𝑥, 𝑦)

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6. จงหาโดเมนและเรนจFของฟ[งกFชันต-อไปนี ้
1) 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 # − 1

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2) 𝑓(𝑥) = √𝑥 − 7

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3) 𝑓(𝑥) = #+ & )

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4) 𝑓(𝑥) = −√𝑥

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7. กำหนดให3 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 # − 6 และ 𝐷> = {𝑥| − 4 < 𝑥 < 3} จงหา 𝑅>
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1. จงจับคู-สมการกับกราฟที่กำหนดให3ต-อไปนี ้
1) 𝑦 = 2𝑥 + 9 2) 𝑦 = −1 − 𝑥
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# !
3) 𝑦 = % 𝑥 + 4 4) 𝑦 = − # 𝑥 + 2
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5) 𝑦 − 𝑥 = −3
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2. จงพิจารณาว-าจุดที่กำหนดให3ต-อไปนี้อยู-บนกราฟของฟ[งกFชันที่กำหนดให3หรือไม-
1) จุด (3, 5) เมื่อ 𝑦 = #- 𝑥 + 1

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2) จุด (-4, -5) เมื่อ 2𝑥 + 𝑦 = −7

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3) จุด (4, -5) เมื่อ 𝑦 = −1

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4) จุด (2, 0) เมื่อ 𝑥 = 2

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5) จุด (1, -1) เมื่อ 𝑥 + 𝑦 = 0

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3. จงเขียนฟ[งกFชันแสดงสิ่งที่กำหนดให3ต-อไปนี้ พร3อมทั้งเขียนกราฟ
1) ค-าขนส-งสินค3าจากกรุงเทพฯ ไปยังจังหวัดที่อยู-ในเขตชายแดนภาคใต3ซึ่งประกอบด3วยค-าขนส-งขั้นต3น
150 บาท กับค-าขนส-งที่คิดตามน้ำหนักสินค3ากิโลกรัมละ 5 บาท

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2) รายได3ของพนักงานขายสินค3าของบริษัทแห-งหนึ่งในแต-ละเดือนซึ่งประกอบด3วยเงินเดือนประจำ
6,000 บาท และค-านายหน3า 5% ของยอดขายสินค3าในแต-ละเดือน (มีหน-วยเป?นบาท)

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4. ใน พ.ศ. 2560 ยอดขายสินค3าชนิดใหม-ของบริษัทแห-งหนึ่งอยู-ที่ 12,000 ชิ้น ถ3าบริษัทคาดว-ายอดขายสินค3า
จะเพิ่มขึ้นปTละ 10%
1) จงเขียนฟ[งกFชันแสดงยอดขายสินค3า เมื่อเวลาผ-านไป 𝑥 ปT

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2) ใน พ.ศ. 2565 บริษัทนี้จะมียอดขายสินค3าเท-าใด

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5. เดชเป?นนักเดินทางที่ชอบขับรถยนตFท-องเที่ยวตามสถานที่ต-าง ๆ โดยตารางด3านล-างแสดงระยะทาง
ที่เดชเดินทางกับค-าใช3จ-ายที่ใช3ระหว-างเดินทาง

ระยะทางที่เดช
0 600 1,200 1,800 2,400 3,000
เดินทาง (กิโลเมตร)
ค7าใช9จ7าย (บาท) 5,000 5,300 5,600 5,900 6,200 6,500

จากข3อมูลที่กำหนดให3ในตาราง จงเขียนฟ[งกFชันเชิงเส3นแสดงค-าใช3จ-ายที่ใช3ระหว-างเดินทางพร3อมทั้งเขียนกราฟ
แล3วตอบคำถามต-อไปนี้

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1) ถ3าเดชต3องการเดินทางจากกรุงเทพฯ ไปยังจังหวัดขอนแก-น ซึ่งมีระยะทางประมาณ 400 กิโลเมตร
เขาจะต3องเสียค-าใช3จ-ายประมาณกี่บาท

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2) ถ3าเดชมีงบในการเดินทาง 5,500 บาท เขาจะเดินทางได3ประมาณกี่กิโลเมตร

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3) ถ3าเดชมีงบในการเดินทาง 6,000 บาท เขาจะสามารถเดินทางจากจังหวัดแม-ฮ-องสอนไปยัง
จังหวัดยะลา ซึ่งมีระยะทางประมาณ 2,100 กิโลเมตร ได3หรือไม- ถ3าไม-ได3 เขายังขาดเงินอีกเท-าใด

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6. ชบาแก3วส-งออกมะม-วงอบแห3งบรรจุถุงไปประเทศเพื่อนบ3าน โดยขายในราคาถุงละ 150 บาท

ถ3าชบาแก3วมีต3นทุนคงที่ (fixed cost) 100,000 บาท และต3นทุนการผลิตถุงละ 25 บาท
1) จงเขียนฟ[งกFชันแสดงต3นทุนรวมในการผลิตมะม-วงอบแห3งของชบาแก3ว พร3อมทั้งเขียนกราฟ

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2) จงเขียนฟ[งกFชันแสดงรายได3จากการขายมะม-วงอบแห3งของชบาแก3ว พร3อมทั้งเขียนกราฟ
ในระบบพิกัดฉากเดียวกับข3อ 1)

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3) ถ3าชบาแก3วขายมะม-วงอบแห3งได3 900 ถุง ชบาแก3วจะได3กำไรหรือขาดทุนเท-าใด

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4) ชบาแก3วจะต3องขายมะม-วงอบแห3งกี่ถุง จึงจะคุ3มทุน

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5) ถ3าชบาแก3วขายมะม-วงอบแห3งได3มากกว-าจำนวนมะม-วงอบแห3งในข3อ 4) แล3วส-วนต-างของ
ต3นทุนกับรายได3จะเป?นอย-างไร

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7. โรงงานแห-งหนึ่งมีเครื่องคัดแยกน้ำหนักเนื้อไก- 2 เครื่อง เครื่องที่ 1 คัดแยกน้ำหนักเนื้อไก-ด3วยอัตราเร็ว
12 ตันต-อชั่วโมง และเครื่องที่ 2 คัดแยกน้ำหนักเนื้อไก-ด3วยอัตราเร็ว 16 ตันต-อชั่วโมง ถ3าเริ่มเป`ดใช3งาน
เครื่องที่ 1 ในเวลา 07:00 น. หลังจากนั้นสองชั่วโมง จึงเป`ดใช3งานเครื่องที่ 2 และป`ดการใช3งาน
เครื่องคัดแยกทั้งสองเครื่องในเวลา 17:00 น.
1) จงเขียนฟ[งกFชันแสดงน้ำหนักเนื้อไก-ที่คัดแยกโดยเครื่องคัดแยกเครื่องที่ 1 และเครื่องที่ 2
ตั้งแต-เวลา 07:00 - 17:00 น. พร3อมทั้งเขียนกราฟของฟ[งกFชันทั้งสองในระบบพิกัดฉากเดียวกัน

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2) ณ เวลา 12:00 น. จะได3น้ำหนักเนื้อไก-ที่คัดแยกจากเครื่องใดมากกว-า และมากกว-ากี่ตัน

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3) เครื่องคัดแยกเครื่องที่ 2 จะสามารถคัดแยกน้ำหนักเนื้อไก-ได3มากกว-าเครื่องที่ 1 ณ เวลาใด

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8. จากการสังเกตการซื้อขายยางพารา พบว-า ปริมาณยางพาราที่ผู3บริโภคต3องการซื้อ (มีหน-วยเป?นกิโลกรัม)
ณ ระดับราคาต-าง ๆ จะสอดคล3องกับฟ[งกFชันอุปสงคF 𝐷(𝑝) = 220 − 2𝑝 และปริมาณยางพาราที่ผู3ผลิต
ต3องการขาย (มีหน-วยเป?นกิโลกรัม) ณ ระดับราคาต-าง ๆ จะสอดคล3องกับฟ[งกFชันอุปทาน 𝑆(𝑝) = 𝑝 + 90
เมื่อ 𝑝 แทนราคายางพาราต-อกิโลกรัม (มีหน-วยเป?นบาทต-อกิโลกรัม)
1) จงเขียนกราฟของฟ[งกFชันอุปสงคF 𝐷(𝑝) และฟ[งกFชันอุปทาน 𝑆(𝑝) ในระบบพิกัดฉาก
เดียวกัน พร3อมทั้งเขียนจุดดุลยภาพ (จุดที่กราฟของฟ[งกFชันอุปสงคFตัดกับกราฟของฟ[งกFชันอุปทาน)

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2) จงหาราคาดุลยภาพ (ราคาสินค3าเมื่ออุปสงคFเท-ากับอุปทาน)
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3) ถ3าผู3ผลิตตั้งราคาขายต่ำกว-าราคาดุลยภาพ จะเป?นอย-างไร
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1) 𝑦 = (𝑥 − 4)# − 3 2) 𝑦 = −(𝑥 − 4)# + 3
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3) 𝑦 = (𝑥 + 4)# − 3 4) 𝑦 = −(𝑥 + 4)# + 3
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5) 𝑦 = 2(𝑥 − 2)# 6) 𝑦 = (𝑥 + 3)# − 4
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7) 𝑦 = − # (𝑥 + 1)# − 3 8) 𝑦 = −2(𝑥 + 3)# + 2
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9) 𝑦 = 𝑥 # − 2𝑥 + 3 10) 𝑦 = 2𝑥 # − 4𝑥 + 5
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2. จงเขียนกราฟของฟ[งกFชันที่กำหนดให3ต-อไปนี้ พร3อมทั้งหาโดเมนและเรนจFของฟ[งกFชัน จุดที่กราฟตัดแกน 𝑋

และจุดยอดของกราฟ และหาว-าจุดยอดของกราฟเป?นจุดที่ฟ[งกFชันมีค-าสูงสุดหรือค-าต่ำสุด และมีค-าเท-าใด
1) 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 # − 4𝑥 – 5

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2) 𝑓(𝑥) = −𝑥 # + 6𝑥 − 8

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3) 𝑓(𝑥) = −𝑥 # − 2𝑥

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4) 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 # − 6𝑥 + 8

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3. ถ3ากำไรจากการขายสินค3า (ต-อชิ้น) หลังหักค-าใช3จ-ายแล3วเท-ากับ 100 − 0.1𝑥 บาท

เมื่อ 𝑥 แทนจำนวนสินค3าที่ขายได3
1) จงเขียนฟ[งกFชันแสดงกำไรจากการขายสินค3า 𝑥 ชิ้น
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2) จงหาว-าจะต3องขายสินค3ากี่ชิ้น จึงจะมีกำไรมากที่สุด และมีกำไรมากที่สุดเท-าใด
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4. เจ3าของหอพักแห-งหนึ่งมีห3องพักสำหรับให3เช-า 80 ห3อง เขาพบว-า ถ3าคิดค-าเช-าห3องละ 4,000 บาทต-อเดือน

จะมีผู3เช-าเต็มทุกห3อง แต-ถ3าเพิ่มค-าเช-าห3องพักเป?นห3องละ 4,200 บาทต-อเดือนจะมีห3องว-าง 1 ห3อง
และถ3าเพิ่มค-าเช-าห3องพักเป?นห3องละ 4,400 บาทต-อเดือน จะมีหอ3 งว-าง 2 ห3อง โดยจำนวนห3องว-างจะเพิ่มขึ้น
1 ห3อง เมื่อเพิ่มค-าเช-าอีกห3องละ 200 บาทต-อเดือน
1) จงเขียนฟ[งกFชันแสดงรายได3ของเจ3าของหอพักแห-งนี้
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2) ถ3าต3องการให3มีรายได3เดือนละ 375,000 บาท เจ3าของหอพักต3องคิดค-าเช-าห3องละเท-าใด
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3) เจ3าของหอพักต3องตั้งราคาค-าเช-าห3องพักห3องละเท-าใด จึงจะทำให3มีรายได3มากที่สุด
และมีรายได3มากที่สุดเท-าใด
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5. จงเขียนฟ[งกFชันแสดงพื้นที่ของรูปสี่เหลี่ยมจัตุรัสที่แต-ละด3านยาว 𝑥
เซนติเมตร และเขียนฟ[งกFชัน
แสดงพื้นที่ของรูปสี่เหลี่ยมมุมฉากที่มีด3านกว3างยาว 𝑥 เซนติเมตร และด3านยาวยาวกว-าด3านกว3าง 1 เซนติเมตร
พร3อมทั้งเขียนกราฟของฟ[งกFชันทั้งสองในระบบพิกัดฉากเดียวกัน แล3วตอบคำถามต-อไปนี ้

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1) รูปสี่เหลี่ยมมุมฉากที่มีด3านยาวยาว 3.5 เชนติเมตร จะมีพื้นที่เท-าใด
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2) รูปสี่เหลี่ยมจัตุรัสที่มีพื้นที่ 6.25 ตารางเชนติเมตร จะมีความยาวด3านเท-าใด
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3) ถ3าแต-ละด3านของรูปสี่เหลี่ยมจัตุรัสยาวเท-ากับความกว3างของรูปสี่เหลี่ยมมุมฉาก
และพื้นที่ของรูปสี่เหลี่ยมทั้งสองรูปต-างกัน 3 ตารางเซนติเมตร จงหาพื้นที่ของรูปสี่เหลี่ยมทั้งสองรูป
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4) ถ3าแต-ละด3านของรูปสี่เหลี่ยมจัตุรัสยาวเท-ากับความกว3างของรูปสี่เหลี่ยมมุมฉาก
จงหาความสัมพันธFระหว-างความยาวด3านของรูปสี่เหลี่ยมจัตุรัสและผลต-างของพื้นที่ของรูปสี่เหลี่ยมทั้งสอง
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1. จงเขียนฟ[งกFชันและกราฟของฟ[งกFชันแสดงอัตราค-าบริการในการส-งพัสดุของบริษัทแห-งหนึ่ง
ซึ่งกำหนดอัตราค-าบริการ ดังนี้

พิกัดน้ำหนัก ค7าบริการ (บาท)

ไม-เกิน 1 กิโลกรัม

20.00
เกิน 1 กิโลกรัม แต-ไม-เกิน 2 กิโลกรัม

35.00

50.00

65.00

80.00

95.00

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2. จงเขียนฟ[งกFชันและกราฟของฟ[งกFชันแสดงอัตราค-าบริการในการส-งจดหมาย (ไปรษณียFลงทะเบียน)
ของบริษัทแห-งหนึ่ง ซึ่งกำหนดอัตราค-าบริการ ดังนี้
พิกัดน้ำหนัก ค7าบริการ (บาท)
ไม-เกิน 20 กรัม

16.00
เกิน 20 กรัม แต-ไม-เกิน 100 กรัม

18.00

22.00

28.00
เกิน 500 กรัม แต-ไม-เกิน 1,000 กรัม

38.00

จากนั้นใช3ฟ[งกFชันในการตอบคำถามต-อไปนี ้
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1) ถ3าต3องการส-งจดหมายหนัก 700 กรัม ต3องเสียค-าบริการเท-าใด
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2) ถ3าส-งจดหมายหนึ่งฉบับเสียค-าบริการ 22 บาท จดหมายฉบับนี้มีน้ำหนักอยู-ในช-วงใด
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3) ถ3าทุกเดือนต3องส-งจดหมาย 2 ฉบับ ฉบับหนึ่งหนัก 500 กรัม และอีกฉบับหนัก 230 กรัม
เมื่อครบ 1 ปT จะเสียค-าบริการทั้งหมดเท-าใด
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3. รถโดยสารประเภทหนึ่งคิดค-าโดยสาร 2 กิโลเมตรแรก 20 บาท และทุก ๆ 300 เมตรต-อไป

คิดค-าโดยสาร 3 บาท โดยเศษของ 300 เมตร คิดเป?น 300 เมตร ถ3าเส3นทางที่รถโดยสารวิ่ง
มีระยะทางทั้งหมด 5 กิโลเมตร จงเขียนฟ[งกFชันและกราฟของฟ[งกFชันแสดงค-าโดยสารของรถโดยสารนี้
แล3วตอบคำถามต-อไปนี้
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1) ถ3าเดินทางด3วยรถโดยสารตั้งแต-ต3นสายจนสุดสาย จะต3องเสียค-าโดยสารเท-าใด
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2) ถ3าเดินทางด3วยรถโดยสารเป?นระยะทาง 3.82 กิโลเมตร จะต3องเสียค-าโดยสารเท-าใด
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3) ถ3าจ-ายค-าโดยสารไป 38 บาท จงหาระยะทางที่เป?นไปได3ในการเดินทางครั้งนี ้
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4) โดยปกติมัดหมี่เดินทางด3วยรถโดยสารจากบ3านไปโรงเรียนเป?นระยะทาง 4.5 กิโลเมตร
ถ3ามัดหมี่จะซื้ออุปกรณFกีฬาที่ร3านซึ่งอยู-ระหว-างบ3านและโรงเรียน โดยเดินทางจากบ3านด3วยรถโดยสาร
เป?นระยะทาง 2.6 กิโลเมตร เพื่อแวะที่ร3าน แล3วจึงขึ้นรถโดยสารอีกครั้งเพื่อไปโรงเรียน
จงหาว-ามัดหมี่จะต3องจ-ายค-าโดยสารมากหรือน3อยกว-าปกติเท-าใด
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4. ร3านค3ามีซิมการFโทรศัพทFเคลื่อนที่แบบเติมเงินสองแบบที่มีอัตราค-าโทรออกดังต-อไปนี ้
• ซิมคุยคุ3ม อัตราค-าโทรออกนาทีละ 75 สตางคF
• ซิมคุยสนุก อัตราค-าโทรออกสองนาทีแรก 3 บาท นาทีต-อไป นาทีละ 50 สตางคF
โดยเศษของนาทีคิดเป?น 1 นาที
1) จงเขียนฟ[งกFชันแสดงค-าโทรออกโดยใช3ซิมคุยคุ3มและซิมคุยสนุก พร3อมทั้งเขียนกราฟของฟ[งกFชัน
ทั้งสองในระบบพิกัดฉากเดียวกัน
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2) สำหรับผู3ที่ใช3โทรศัพทFสำหรับโทรออกไม-เกิน 5 นาที ควรจะใช3ซิมคุยคุ3มหรือชิมคุยสนุก

จึงจะประหยัดกว-า
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3) ค-าโทรออกของทั้งสองซิมจะเท-ากัน เมื่อโทรออกเป?นระยะเวลาเท-าใด
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4) ซิมคุยคุ3มจะประหยัดกว-า เมื่อใช3โทรออกเป?นระยะเวลาเท-าใด และซิมคุยสนุกจะประหยัดกว-า
เมื่อใช3โทรออกเป?นระยะเวลาเท-าใด
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1. จงเขียนกราฟของฟ[งกFชันที่กำหนดให3ต-อไปนี้ พร3อมทั้งหาโดเมนและเรนจF
1) 𝑓(𝑥) = 3+

𝑥 𝑓(𝑥) (x, 𝑓(𝑥))
-3
-2
-1
0
1
2
3

! +
2) 𝑓(𝑥) = +),

𝑥 𝑓(𝑥) (x, 𝑓(𝑥))
-3
-2
-1
0
1
2
3

3) 𝑓(𝑥) = 2+ + 1

𝑥 𝑓(𝑥) (x, 𝑓(𝑥))
-3
-2
-1
0
1
2
3

4) 𝑓(𝑥) = 3+ − 1

𝑥 𝑓(𝑥) (x, 𝑓(𝑥))
-3
-2
-1
0
1
2
3

5) 𝑓(𝑥) = 2+ & !

𝑥 𝑓(𝑥) (x, 𝑓(𝑥))
-3
-2
-1
0
1
2
3

2. ป[จจุบันเมืองหนึ่งมีประชากร 4,000 คน และมีอัตราการเพิ่มของประชากร 3% ต-อปT
ถ3าจำนวนประชากรในปTที่ 𝑥 นับจากป[จจุบัน หาได3จาก 𝑓(𝑥) = 4,000(1.03)+
จงหาจำนวนประชากรในอีก 10 ปTข3างหน3า และในอีก 20 ปTข3างหน3า
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3. ชายคนหนึ่งกู3เงินจากธนาคาร 850,000 บาท เพื่อซ-อมแซมบ3าน โดยธนาคารกำหนดอัตราดอกเบี้ย

ร3อยละ 8 ต-อปT และคิดดอกเบี้ยแบบทบต3นทุกปT ถ3าชายคนนี้มีกำหนดชำระหนี้ในอีก 3 ปTข3างหน3า
และจำนวนเงินที่เขาต3องชำระคืนให3ธนาคารหาได3จาก 𝑓(𝑛) = 850,000(1.08)? เมื่อ 𝑛 แทนจำนวนปTที่กู3เงิน
1) จงหาว-าเมื่อครบกำหนดชำระหนี้ เขาจะต3องชำระเงินคืนให3ธนาคารเท-าใด โดยคิดเป?นดอกเบี้ยเท-าใด
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2) จงเขียนกราฟของ 𝑓 เมื่อ 𝑛 ∈ {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}
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𝑛 f(𝑛)
1
2
3
4
5

แบบฝ<กหัดท7ายบท

1. จงพิจารณาว-ากราฟในข3อใดบ3างเป?นกราฟของฟ[งกFชันและข3อใดบ3างไม-เป?นกราฟของฟ[งกFชัน
1) 2)

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3) 4)

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2. จงพิจารณาว-าเซตของคู-อันดับต-อไปนี้เป?นฟ[งกFชันหรือไม- ถ3าไม-เป?น จงให3เหตุผล
1) {(1, 𝑎), (2, 𝑏), (3, 𝑐), (4, 𝑑), (4, 𝑒)}
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2) {(𝑥, 𝑦)| 𝑥 = 3}
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3) {(𝑥, 𝑦)| 𝑦 = −1}
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3. ถ3า 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 # + 3𝑥 − 5 จงหา 𝑓(0), 𝑓(−1), 𝑓(3) และ 𝑓(𝑎)

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4. จงหาโดเมนและเรนจFของฟ[งกFชันต-อไปนี ้
1) 𝑓(𝑥) = −3𝑥 − 4
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2) 𝑓(𝑥) = √𝑥 − 2
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+!
3) 𝑓(𝑥) = #

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4) 𝑓(𝑥) = 2𝑥 #
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5. จงเขียนกราฟของฟ[งกFชันต-อไปนี้ พร3อมทั้งหาโดเมนและเรนจF
1) 𝑓(𝑥) = −5𝑥 + 2

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2) 𝑓(𝑥) = 5𝑥 + 2

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3) 𝑓(𝑥) = −𝑥 # − 6𝑥 − 10

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4) 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 # − 6𝑥 − 10

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! +
5) 𝑓(𝑥) = −1 − +#,

𝑥 𝑓(𝑥) (x, 𝑓(𝑥))
-3
-2
-1
0
1
2
3
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! +
6) 𝑓(𝑥) = 1 − +#,

𝑥 𝑓(𝑥) (x, 𝑓(𝑥))
-3
-2
-1
0
1
2
3
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1) 𝑦 = 5𝑥 + 3 2) 𝑦 = 𝑥 # + 4𝑥 + 2
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!
3) 𝑦 = 𝑥 # − 4𝑥 + 6 4) 𝑦 = − # 𝑥 + 3
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! +
5) 𝑦 = +), − 3 6) 𝑦 = 2+2!
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7. กำหนดกราฟของฟ[งกFชันแสดงอัตราเร็วของรถยนตFที่ศจีขับจากบ3านไปเยี่ยมปูdและย-าที่อีกจังหวัดหนึ่ง
ในเวลา 8 ชั่วโมง ดังรูป
อัตราเร็วของรถยนตF (กิโลเมตรต-อชั่วโมง)

เวลา (ชั่วโมง)

จงเขียนสถานการณFที่อธิบายการขับรถของศจีให3สอดคล3องกับกราฟที่กำหนด
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8. ถ3าบริษัทแห-งหนึ่งซื้อคอมพิวเตอรFในราคา 50,000 บาท เพื่อใช3งานเป?นเวลา 5 ปT หลังจากนั้น
จะจำหน-ายไปในราคา 5,000 บาท
1) จงเขียนฟ[งกFชันเชิงเส3นแสดงราคาของคอมพิวเตอรF เมื่อเวลาผ-านไป 𝑥 ปT
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2) ค-าเสื่อมราคาต-อปTคำนวณได3จากการนำราคาทุนลบด3วยราคาคงเหลือแล3วนำผลลบไปหารด3วย
อายุการใช3งาน จงหาค-าเสื่อมราคาต-อปTของคอมพิวเตอรFของบริษัทแห-งนี้
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3) ให3 𝑔(𝑥) = 19,200 − 3,200𝑥 เป?นฟ[งกFชันแสดงราคาของอุปกรณFสำนักงาน เมื่อเวลาผ-าน

ไป 𝑥 ปT จงหาราคาทุนและค-าเสื่อมราคาต-อปTของอุปกรณFสำนักงานนี้
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9. ในการดำน้ำแบบ SCUBA นักดำน้ำต3องคำนึงถึงความดันน้ำที่ระดับความลึกต-าง ๆ ซึ่งสามารถแทนด3วย
ฟ[งกFชัน 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏 โดยที่ 𝑓(𝑥) แทนความดันน้ำในหน-วยปอนดFต-อตารางนิ้ว (pound per square
inch: psi) ที่ระดับความลึก 𝑥 ฟุต 𝑎 แทนความดันน้ำที่เพิ่มขึ้นต-อความลึกทุก ๆ หนึ่งฟุต (psi) และ 𝑏
แทนความดันที่ผิวน้ำทะเล (psi) จงหาว-าความดันน้ำทะเลเป?นเท-าใดขณะที่นักดำน้ำอยู-ที่ความลึก 40 ฟุต
เมื่อความดันน้ำทะเลเพิ่มขึ้น 0.45 psi ทุก ๆ ความลึกหนึ่งฟุต และความดันที่ผิวน้ำทะเลประมาณ 14.7 psi
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10. บริษัทแห-งหนึ่งจ-ายค-าจ3างให3กับพนักงานโดยจ-ายค-าเบี้ยเลี้ยงและค-าพาหนะให3กับพนักงาน
เป?นจำนวนเท-ากันทุกคน และจ-ายค-านายหน3าโดยคิดเป?นร3อยละของยอดขายที่พนักงานแต-ละคนทำได3
ถ3าเดือนที่แล3ว กนกได3รับเงินจากบริษัท 34,000 บาท โดยที่เขามียอดขาย 200,000 บาท และอานันทFได3รับ
เงินจากบริษัท 28,000 บาท โดยที่เขามี 150,000 บาท
1) บริษัทจ-ายค-านายหน3าให3กับพนักงานร3อยละเท-าใดของยอดขาย
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2) บริษัทจ-ายค-าเบี้ยเลี้ยงและค-าพาหนะให3กับพนักงานคนละเท-าใด
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3) จงเขียนฟ[งกFชันแสดงรายได3ที่พนักงานได3รับในแต-ละเดือน
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11. รถไฟสายเหนือออกจากสถานีรถไฟหัวลำโพงแล-นด3วยอัตราเร็วเฉลี่ย 50 กิโลเมตรต-อชั่วโมง
1) จงเขียนฟ[งกFชัน 𝑠(𝑡) แสดงระยะทางที่รถไฟแล-นได3ใน 𝑡 ชั่วโมง พร3อมทั้งเขียนกราฟ
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2) ถ3ารถไฟแล-นจากสถานีรถฟหัวลำโพงไปสถานีรถไฟนครสวรรคF ใช3เวลา 5 ชั่วโมง
จงหาระยะทางจากสถานีรถไฟหัวลำโพงถึงสถานีรถไฟนครสวรรคF
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12. พิภพสังเกตว-า ถ3าเขาขายขนมชิ้นละ 35 บาท เขาจะขายขนมได3วันละ 100 ชิน

้ แต-ถ3าเขาตั้งราคาขาย
สูงขึ้นทุก ๆ 1 บาท เขาจะขายขนมได3ลดลงวันละ 2 ชิ้น
1) จงเขียนฟ[งกFชันแสดงปริมาณขนมที่ขายได3 ณ ระดับราคาต-าง ๆ
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2) จงเขียนฟ[งกFชันแสดงรายได3จากการขายขนม ณ ระดับราคาต-าง ๆ
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3) ถ3าพิภพต3องการมีรายได3จากการขายขนมวันละ 3,000 บาท เขาจะต3องขายขนมในราคาชิ้นละเท-าใด
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4) พิภพจะต3องขายขนมในราคาชิ้นละเท-าใดจึงจะมีรายได3มากที่สุด และเขาจะมีรายได3มากที่สุดเท-าใด
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13. ต3องการล3อมรั้วเป?นรูปสี่เหลี่ยมมุมฉากเพื่อทำการเกษตร โดยด3านหนึ่งของพื้นทีท

่ ี่ต3องการล3อมรั้ว
อยู-ติดคลองจึงไม-ต3องมีรั้วกั้น ถ3ารั้วทั้งหมดยาว 120 เมตร
1) จงเขียนฟ[งกFชันแสดงพื้นที่ของรูปสี่เหลี่ยมมุมฉากที่ได3จากการล3อมรั้ว โดย 𝑥 แทนความกว3าง
ของรูปสี่เหลี่ยมมุมฉาก
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2) พื้นที่ที่มากที่สุดที่ได3จากการล3อมรั้วเป?นเท-าใด
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14. ต3องการล3อมรั้วเป?นรูปสี่เหลี่ยมมุมฉากให3มีพื้นที่ 30 ไร- ถ3าวัสดุทำรั้วด3านกว3างราคาเมตรละ 1,200 บาท และ
วัสดุทำรั้วด3านยาวราคาเมตรละ 1,000 บาท จงหาว-าจะต3องล3อมรั้วให3มีความกว3างและความยาวเท-าใด
จึงจะเสียค-าใช3จ-ายน3อยที่สุด และค-าใช3จ-ายน3อยที่สุดเป?นเท-าใด
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15. จุดเยือกแข็งของน้ำบริสุทธิ์คือ 0℃ หรือ 32℉ และจุดเดือดของน้ำบริสุทธิ์คือ 100℃ หรือ 212℉

ซึ่งความสัมพันธFของอุณหภูมิที่เป?นองศาเซลเซียส (℃) และองศาฟาเรนไฮตF (℉) เป?นฟ[งกFชันเชิงเส3น
1) จงเขียนฟ[งกFชัน 𝑓(𝑥) แสดงอุณหภูมิที่มีหน-วยเป?นองศาฟาเรนไฮตF เมื่อ 𝑥 แทนอุณหภูม ิ
ที่มีหน-วยเป?นองศาเซลเซียส
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2) จงเขียนฟ[งกFชัน 𝑔(𝑥) แสดงอุณหภูมิที่มีหน-วยเป?นองศาเซลเซียส เมื่อ 𝑥 แทนอุณหภูม ิ
ที่มีหน-วยเป?นองศาฟาเรนไฮตF
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3) จงเขียนกราฟของฟ[งกFชัน 𝑓 และฟ[งกFชัน 𝑔
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4) ถ3าวัดอุณหภูมิของน้ำบริสุทธิ์ได3 117℉ จะคิดเป?นกี่องศาเซลเซียส
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5) ถ3าวัดอุณหภูมิของน้ำบริสุทธิ์ได3 30℃ จะคิดเป?นกีอ ่ งศาฟาเรนไฮตF
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16. กล-องขนมทำจากกระดาษรูปสี่เหลี่ยมมุมฉากกว3าง 10 นิ้ว ยาว 15 นิ้ว โดยตัดกระดาษเป?น

รูปสี่เหลี่ยมจัตุรัสที่แต-ละด3านยาว 𝑥 นิ้ว ออกจากมุมทั้งสี่ แล3วพับด3านข3างขึ้นทำเป?นกล-องทรงสี่เหลี่ยมมุมฉาก

1) จงเขียนฟ[งกFชัน 𝑉(𝑥) แสดงความจุของกล-อง เมื่อ 𝑥 แทนความยาวด3านของรูปสี่เหลี่ยมจัตุรัส

ที่ถูกตัดออก
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2) จงหาโดเมนของฟ[งกFชัน 𝑉(𝑥) โดยพิจารณาจากขนาดของกระดาษที่ใช3ทำกล-อง
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3) ถ3ากำหนดให3 𝑥 เป?นจำนวนเต็ม กล-องจะมีความจุมากที่สุด เมื่อ 𝑥 เป?นเท-าใด และ
กล-องจะมีความจุมากที่สุดเป?นเท-าใด
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4) จงเขียนกราฟของฟ[งกFชัน 𝑉(𝑥)

5) จากกราฟในข3อ 4) จงหาความยาวด3านของรูปสี่เหลี่ยมจัตุรัสที่ถูกตัดออกที่ทำให3กล-องมีความจุ
100 ลูกบาศกFนิ้ว

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17. สนามบินแห-งหนึ่งกำหนดอัตราค-าบริการจอดรถชั่วโมงแรก 35 บาท ชั่วโมงถัดไป ชั่วโมงละ 20 บาท

โดยเศษของชั่วโมงที่เกิน 6 นาที คิดเป?น 1 ชั่วโมง จงเขียนฟ[งกFชันและกราฟของฟ[งกFชันแสดงค-า
บริการจอดรถที่สนามบินแห-งนี ้
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18. อาคารจอดรถแห-งหนึ่งไม-คิดค-าบริการจอดรถ 3 ชั่วโมงแรก ชั่วโมงต-อไปคิดค-าบริการจอดรถชั่วโมงละ 30 บาท
หลังจากชั่วโมงที่ 8 เป?นต3นไป คิดค-าบริการจอดรถชั่วโมงละ 50 บาท โดยเศษของชั่วโมงคิดเป?น 1 ชั่วโมง
จงเขียนฟ[งกFชันและกราฟของฟ[งกFชันแสดงค-าบริการจอดรถของอาคารจอดรถแห-งนี้

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19. อัตราค-าโดยสารรถแท็กซี่เริ่มต3นกิโลเมตรแรก 35 บาท กิโลเมตรต-อไป คิดค-าโดยสาร 3 บาทต-อ 100 เมตร

ถ3าระยะทางที่มากกว-าหรือเท-ากับ 10 เมตร คิดเป?น 100 เมตร จงเขียนฟ[งกFชันแสดงค-าโดยสารรถแท็กซี่
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20. ใน พ.ศ. 2559 ประเทศหนึ่งมีประชากร 86 ล3านคน ถ3าจำนวนประชากรในปTที่ 𝑥 หาได3จาก

𝑓(𝑥) = 86(1.021)+ (มีหน-วยเป?นล3านคน) จงหาจำนวนประชากรใน พ.ศ. 2565
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21. ถ3าจำนวนแบคทีเรียในชั่วโมงที่ 𝑥 หาได3จาก 𝑓(𝑥) = 25,000(1.125)" (มีหน-วยเป?นเซลลF)
จงหาจำนวนแบคที่เรียเมื่อเวลาผ-านไป 12 ชั่วโมง
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22. ร3านค3าออนไลนFแห-งหนึ่งกำหนดราคาสินค3าทุกชิ้นเท-ากันทั้งร3าน และคิดค-าส-งสินค3าครั้งละ 100 บาท
ไม-ว-าจะสั่งซื้อเท-าใดก็ตาม ถ3าซื้อสินค3าจากร3านนี้ 2 ครั้ง โดยครั้งแรกสั่งซื้อสินค3า 26 ชิ้น คิดเป?นค-าใช3จ-ายทั้งหมด
800 บาท และครั้งที่สองสั่งซื้อสินค3า 30 ชิ้น คิดเป?นค-าใช3จ-ายทั้งหมด 1,000 บาท
1) จงพิจารณาว-ากราฟของฟ[งกFชันแสดงค-าใช3จ-ายทั้งหมดจากการซื้อสินค3าที่ร3านค3าออนไลนFแห-งนี ้
มีลักษณะเป?นอย-างไร เพราะเหตุใด
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2) จงเขียนกราฟของฟ[งกFชันแสดงค-าใช3จ-ายทั้งหมดจากการซื้อสินค3าที่ร3านค3าออนไลนFแห-งนี ้
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3) ถ3าซื้อสินค3า 10 ชิ้น จะต3องเสียค-าใช3จ-ายทั้งหมดเท-าใด
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4) สินค3าราคาชิ้นละเท-าใด
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5) จงเขียนฟ[งกFชันแสดงค-าใช3จ-ายทั้งหมด เมื่อซื้อสินค3าจำนวน 𝑥 ชิ้น
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6) ถ3ามีเงิน 3,000 บาท จะซื้อสินค3าได3มากที่สุดกี่ชิ้น
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23. เมื่อเครื่องบินลำหนึ่งบินออกจากสนามบินได3ระยะเวลาหนึ่งจะบินด3วยอัตราเร็วคงที ่
โดยเมื่อบินด3วยอัตราเร็วคงที่เป?นเวลา 1, 3 และ 6 ชั่วโมง จะบินได3ระยะทาง 500, 1,300
และ 2,500 กิโลเมตร ตามลำดับ
1) จงเขียนกราฟของฟ[งกFชันแสดงระยะทางที่เครื่องบินลำนี้บินได3 และพิจารณาว-ากราฟที่ได3
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2) เมื่อเครื่องบินบินด3วยอัตราเร็วคงที่เป?นเวลา 2 ชั่วโมง จะบินได3ระยะทางเท-าใด

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3) จงเขียนฟ[งกFชันแสดงระยะทางที่เครื่องบินลำนี้บินได3 เมื่อบินด3วยอัตราเร็วคงที่เป?นเวลา 𝑥 ชั่วโมง
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4) ระยะทางทั้งหมดก-อนที่เครื่องบินจะบินด3วยอัตราเร็วคงที่เป?นเท-าใด
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24. ภานุช-วยพ-อทำความสะอาดบ-อเลี้ยงปลาสูง 1.3 เมตร เมื่อทำความสะอาดเสร็จ พ-อให3ภานุเป`ดน้ำให3เต็มบ-อ

แต-ภานุไม-อยากนั่งเฝfาจนน้ำเต็มเพราะต3องการจะไปเล-นกับเพื่อน เขาจึงสังเกตว-า ถ3าเป`ดน้ำด3วยอัตราเร็วคงที่
เป?นเวลา 1, 3 และ 5 นาที ความสูงของระดับน้ำในบ-อจะเป?น 5, 15 และ 25 เซนติเมตร ตามลำดับ
1) จงเขียนกราฟของฟ[งกFชันแสดงความสูงของระดับน้ำในบ-อ และพิจารณาว-ากราฟที่ได3
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2) ถ3าเป`ดน้ำด3วยอัตราเร็วคงที่เป?นเวลา 7 นาที ความสูงของระดับน้ำในบ-อจะเป?นเท-าใด
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3) จงเขียนฟ[งกFชันแสดงความสูงของระดับน้ำในบ-อ เมื่อเป`ดน้ำด3วยอัตราเร็วคงที่เป?นเวลา 𝑥 นาที

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4) เมื่อเป`ดน้ำด3วยอัตราเร็วคงที่เป?นเวลา 23 นาที น้ำจะล3นบ-อหรือไม- ถ3าไม- จงหาว-าระดับน้ำ
อยู-ต่ำกว-าขอบบ-อกี่เซนติเมตร
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5) ต3องเป`ดน้ำด3วยอัตราเร็วคงที่เป?นเวลานานเท-าใด น้ำจึงจะเต็มบ-อ
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25. เพรียวชอบรับประทานขนมหวานแต-ไม-ออกกำลังกายเลย ส-งผลให3เมื่อระยะเวลาผ-านไป
น้ำหนักของเพรียวเพิ่มขึ้นเรื่อย ๆ ดังตาราง

เวลาที่ผ7านไป (เดือน)

1 2 3 4
น้ำหนักที่เพิ่มขึ้น (กิโลกรัม)

1 3 7 15

ถ3าตอนเริ่มต3นเพรียวหนัก 40 กิโลกรัม
1) จงเขียนกราฟของฟ[งกFชันแสดงน้ำหนักที่เพิ่มขึ้นของเพรียว และพิจารณาว-ากราฟที่ได3
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2) เมื่อเวลาผ-านไป 5 เดือน น้ำหนักของเพรียวจะเพิ่มขึ้นเท-าใด

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3) จงเขียนฟ[งกFชันแสดงน้ำหนักที่เพิ่มขึ้นของเพรียว เมื่อเวลาผ-านไป 𝑥 เดือน
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4) เมื่อเวลาผ-านไป 7 เดือน น้ำหนักของเพรียวจะเป?นเท-าใด
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5) น้ำหนักของเพรียวจะมากกว-า 100 กิโลกรัม เมื่อเวลาผ-านไปกี่เดือน
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26. อรซื้อรถยนตFราคา 1,000,000 บาท ถ3าในแต-ละปTราคารถยนตFลดลงด3วยอัตราคงที่ ดังตาราง

เวลาที่ผ7านไป (ปI)

1 2 3 4
ราคารถยนตK (บาท)

900,000 810,000 729,000 656,100

1) จงเขียนกราฟของฟ[งกFชันแสดงราคารถยนตFในแต-ละปT และพิจารณาว-ากราฟที่ได3
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2) ราคารถยนตFจะน3อยกว-าครึ่งหนึ่งของราคาที่ซื้อมา เมื่อเวลาผ-านไปกี่ปT
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3) จงเขียนฟ[งกFชันแสดงราคารถยนตF เมื่อเวลาผ-านไป 𝑥 ปT
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4) เมื่อเวลาผ-านไป 7 ปT ราคารถยนตFจะเป?นเท-าใด
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5) ราคารถยนตFจะน3อยกว-า 300,000 บาท เมื่อเวลาผ-านไปกี่ป T
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27. กำหนดกราฟของฟ[งกFชันแสดงจำนวนผู3ใช3บริการศูนยFออกกำลังกาย A, B และ C ตั้งแต-เวลา 07:00 น. ดังรูป

จำนวนผู3ใช3บริการ (คน)

เวลา

10:00 น.
12:00 น.
14:00 น.
16:00 น.
18:00 น.
20:00 น.
22:00 น.
24:00 น.
08:00 น.

1) ณ เวลา 07:00 น. มีผู3ใช3บริการศูนยFออกกำลังกายแต-ละแห-งเท-าใด

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2) เวลาใดบ3างที่ศูนยFออกกำลังกาย A และ B มีผู3ใช3บริการเท-ากัน และมีผู3ใช3บริการกี่คน

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3) ศูนยFออกกำลังกาย B มีผู3ใช3บริการมากที่สุด ณ เวลาใด
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4) ณ เวลา 09:00 น. ศูนยFออกกำลังกาย C มีจำนวนผู3ใช3บริการต-างจากศูนยFออกกำลังกาย
A และ B เท-าใด
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5) จงอธิบายเกี่ยวกับจำนวนผู3ใช3บริการศูนยFออกกำลังกาย A, B และ C ในเวลา 07:00 - 21:00 น.
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28. จากการสังเกตการซื้อขายมันสำปะหลัง พบว-า ปริมาณความต3องการซื้อมันสำปะหลัง (มีหน-วยเป?นกิโลกรัม)

ณ ระดับราคาต-าง ๆ จะสอดคล3องกับฟ[งกFชันอุปสงคF 𝐷(𝑝) = 150 − 2𝑝 และปริมาณความต3องการขาย
มันสำปะหลัง (มีหน-วยเป?นกิโลกรัม) ณ ระดับราคาต-าง ๆ จะสอดคล3องกับฟ[งกFชันอุปทาน 𝑆(𝑝) = 3𝑝 + 75
เมื่อ 𝑝 แทนราคามันสำปะหลังต-อกิโลกรัม (มีหน-วยเป?นกิโลกรัม)
1) จงเขียนกราฟของฟ[งกFชันอุปสงคF 𝐷(𝑝) และฟ[งกFชันอุปทาน 𝑆(𝑝) ในระบบพิกัดฉากเดียวกัน
พร3อมทั้งเขียนจุดดุลยภาพ (จุดที่กราฟของฟ[งกFชันอุปสงคFตัดกับกราฟของฟ[งกFชันอุปทาน)
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2) จงหาราคาดุลยภาพ (ราคาสินค3าเมื่ออุปสงคFเท-ากับอุปทาน)
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3) ถ3าผู3ค3ามันสำปะหลังตั้งราคาขายต่ำกว-าราคาดุลยภาพ จะเป?นอย-างไร
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4) ถ3าผู3ค3ามันสำปะหลังตั้งราคาขายสูงกว-าราคาดุลยภาพ จะเป?นอย-างไร
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แบบฝ<กหัด 3.1.1

1. จงหาสี่พจนFแรกของลำดับต-อไปนี้
! ?
1) 𝑎? = 2𝑛 + 5 2) 𝑎? = +#,
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?2!
3) 𝑎? = (−2)? 4) 𝑎? = ?
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!2(&!). #.
5) 𝑎? = ? 6) 𝑎? = ).
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7) 𝑎? = (𝑛 − 1)(𝑛 + 1) 8) 𝑎? = 𝑛(𝑛 − 1)(𝑛 − 2)

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2. จงหาเจ็ดพจนFแรกของลำดับของจำนวนเต็มบวกที่หารด3วย 2 และ 7 ลงตัว โดยเรียงจากน3อยไปมาก

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1. จงหาสี่พจนFแรกของลำดับเลขคณิต เมื่อกำหนดให3
1) 𝑎! = 2 และ 𝑑 = 4 2) 𝑎! = 3 และ 𝑑 = 5
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3) 𝑎! = −3 และ 𝑑 = 3 4) 𝑎! = −4 และ 𝑑 = 2
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5) 𝑎! = 5 และ 𝑑 = −2 6) 𝑎! = −3 และ 𝑑 = −4
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! ! % )
7) 𝑎! = # และ 𝑑 = # 8) 𝑎! = # และ 𝑑 = − #
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2. จงหาพจนFของลำดับเลขคณิตที่กำหนดในแต-ละข3อต-อไปนี้
1) 𝑎) เมื่อกำหนดให3 𝑎! = 4 และ 𝑑 = 3
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2) 𝑎!# เมื่อกำหนดให3 𝑎! = 7 และ 𝑑 = −3

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3) 𝑎#" เมื่อกำหนดให3 𝑎! = % และ 𝑑 = −1
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4) 𝑎!! เมื่อกำหนดให3 𝑎! = 4 และ 𝑑 = #
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3. จงหาพจนFที่ 𝑛 ของลำดับเลขคณิตต-อไปนี้
1) 11, 13, 15, 17, 19, . ..
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2) 7, 10, 13, 16, 19, . ..
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3) 2, −1, −4, −7, −10, . ..
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4) 4, 2, 0, −2, −4, . ..
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5) 0, # , 1, # , 2, . ..
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) %
6) # , 2, # , 3, # , . ..
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4. จงหาพจนFที่ขาดหายไปของลำดับเลขคณิตต-อไปนี้
1) 13, 25, ............... , ............... , ...............
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2) 18, ............... ,11, ............... , ...............
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3) 13, ............... , ............... , ............... , 33, ...............

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4) ............... , ............... , 100, ............... , ............... , 142, ...............

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5. จงหาพจนFที่ 15 ของลำดับเลขคณิต 3, 8, 13, 18, 23, ...
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6. จงหาพจนFที่ 20 และพจนFที่ 50 ของลำดับเลขคณิตที่มีพจนFที่ 𝑛 เป?น −𝑛 − 3

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7. จงหาพจนFแรกของลำดับเลขคณิตที่มี 𝑎0 = 12 และ 𝑎!" = 16
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8. จงหาพจนFที่ 25 ของลำดับเลขคณิตที่มี 𝑎) = 20 และ 𝑎- = 32
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9. จงหา 𝑎? และ 𝑑 ของลำดับเลขคณิตที่มี 𝑎# = 16 และ 𝑎!# = 116

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10. -176 เป?นพจนFที่เท-าใดของลำดับเลขคณิต -1, -6, -11, ...
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11. ถ3า 39 และ 51 เป?นพจนFสองพจนFของลำดับเลขคณิตที่มีพจนFอีกหนึ่งพจนFอยู-ระหว-างพจนFทั้งสองนี้
จงหาพจนFที่อยู-ระหว-างพจนFทั้งสองนี้
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12. จงหาว-าจำนวนนับที่อยู-ระหว-าง 100 ถึง 1,000 ซึ่งหารด3วย 13 ลงตัว มีทั้งหมดกี่จำนวน
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13. ถ3าสามพจนFแรกของลำดับเลขคณิต คือ 𝑎, 6𝑎 + 2 และ 8𝑎 + 1 จงหา 𝑎 และพจนFทั่วไปของลำดับนี้
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14. สมศักดิ์ทำงานที่บริษัทแห-งหนึ่งได3รับเงินเดือนเดือนละ 25,000 บาท และได3รับเงินเดือนเพิ่มขึ้นปTละ

1,000 บาท จงหาว-าเมื่อสมศักดิ์ทำงานได3 6 ปT เขาจะได3รับเงินเดือนเดือนละเท-าใด
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15. บริษัทขายรถยนตFแห-งหนึ่งรับซื้อรถยนตFคืนจากผู3ซื้อ โดยจะซื้อรถยนตFที่ใช3แล3ว 1 ปT ในราคาที่ต่ำกว-า

ราคาที่บริษัทขาย 100,000 บาท สำหรับรถยนตFที่ใช3แล3วเกิน 1 ปT ราคาซื้อคืนจะลดลงอีกปTละ 70,000 บาท
ถ3าซื้อรถยนตFจากบริษัทนี้มาในราคาหนึ่งล3านบาท จงหาว-าเมื่อใช3รถยนตFไปแล3ว 5 ปT บริษัทจะรับซื้อรถยนตF
คืนในราคาที่ต่ำกว-าราคาที่ซื้อจากบริษัทเท-าใด
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1. จงหาอัตราส-วนร-วมของลำดับเรขาคณิตต-อไปนี้
#
1) 2, 4, 8, 16, . .. 2) 18, 6, 2, ) , . ..
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3) 75, 15, 3, % , . .. 4) −8, −0.8, −0.08, −0.008, . ..
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# ' ( !0
5) −1, 1, −1, 1, . .. 6) ) , ) , ) , ) , . ..
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! ! ! %; %; ! %; "
7) + , + ! , + " , . .. เมื่อ 𝑥 ≠ 0 8) 5, # , ' , ( , . .. เมื่อ 𝑎 ≠ 0
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2. จงหาสามพจนFถัดไปของลำดับเรขาคณิตต-อไปนี้
1) 1, 7, 49, 343, . ..
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2) −1, 2, −4, 8, . ..
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3) 3, 1, ) , $ , . ..
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3. จงหาพจนFที่ 9 ของลำดับเรขาคณิต 2, 4, 8, 16, ...
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4. จงหาพจนFที่ 11 ของลำดับเรขาคณิต 2, -10, 50, -250, ...
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! ! ! !
5. จงหาพจนFที่ 8 ของลำดับเรขาคณิต # , 0 , !( , %' , . ..
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6. จงหาพจนFที่ 𝑛 ของลำดับเรขาคณิตต-อไปนี้
1) 1, 3, 9, . .. 2) 25, 5, 1, . ..
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3) 1, −1, 1, −1, . .. 4) −2, 4, −8, . ..
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! ! !
5) , ! , " , . .. เมื่อ 𝑥 ≠ 0 6) 1, 0.3, 0.09, 0.027, . ..
+ + +
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7) −8, −0.8, −0.08, −0.008, . .. 8) 2, 2√3, 6, . ..
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7. จงหาพจนFแรกของลำดับเรขาคณิตที่มี 16 เป?นพจนFที่ห3า และ 2 เป?นอัตราส-วนร-วม
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8. จงหาอัตราส-วนร-วมของลำดับเรขาคณิตที่มี 𝑎) = 12 และ 𝑎0 = 96
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9. 162 เป?นพจนFที่เท-าใดของลำดับเรขาคณิต 2, - 6, 18, ...
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10. จงหาพจนFที่ขาดหายไปของลำดับเรขาคณิตต-อไปนี้
1) 4, 1, .......... , .......... , ..........
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2) 2, .......... , $ , .......... , ..........
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3) - , .......... , .......... , .......... , )') , ..........
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4) .......... , .......... , 1, .......... , .......... , #- , ..........
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11. จงหาพจนFที่อยู-ระหว-างพจนFสองพจนFของลำดับเรขาคณิตที่กำหนดให3ต-อไปนี้
1) 5 และ 20
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2) 8 และ 12
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12. ถ3าสามพจนFแรกของลำดับเรขาคณิต คือ 𝑎 + 3, 𝑎 + 20 และ 𝑎 + 105 จงหา 𝑎 และพจนFทั่วไปของลำดับนี้

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13. ใน พ.ศ. 2550 อำเภอหนึ่งมีประชากร 60,000 คน ถ3าประชากรในอำเภอนี้เพิ่มขึ้นปTละ 2%

จงหาสูตรการคำนวณจำนวนประชากรในแต-ละปT พร3อมทั้งหาจำนวนประชากรใน พ.ศ. 2565
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14. เมื่อปล-อยลูกบอลที่ความสูง 2 เมตร จากระดับพื้นดิน แล3วในแต-ละครั้งที่ลูกบอลกระทบพื้นลูกบอล
จะกระดอนขึ้น โดยความสูงของลูกบอลจากระดับพื้นดินจะลดลง 8% จงเขียนฟ[งกFชันแสดงความสูง
ของลูกบอล เมื่อลูกบอลกระทบพื้นไป 𝑛 ครั้ง
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1. จงหาผลบวก 𝑛 พจนFแรกของอนุกรมเลขคณิต เมื่อกำหนดให3
1) 𝑛 = 4, 𝑎! = 3 และ 𝑑 = 2
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2) 𝑛 = 7, 𝑎! = 5 และ 𝑑 = 4
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3) 𝑛 = 9, 𝑎! = −3 และ 𝑑 = 5
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4) 𝑛 = 11, 𝑎! = −7 และ 𝑑 = 3
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5) 𝑛 = 14, 𝑎! = −5 และ 𝑑 = −2
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1) 𝑛 = 50 และลำดับเลขคณิต คือ 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, ...
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2) 𝑛 = 30 และลำดับเลขคณิต คือ 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, ...

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3) 𝑛 = 60 และลำดับเลขคณิต คือ -2, 3, 8, 13, 18, ...
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4) 𝑛 = 75 และลำดับเลขคณิต คือ 5, 2, -1, -4, -7, ...
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! ) %
5) 𝑛 = 50 และลำดับเลขคณิต คือ # , 1, # , 2 # , . ..
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3. จงหาผลบวกของอนุกรมเลขคณิตต-อไปนี้
1) 6 + 9 + 12 + 15 + ... + 99
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2) (-7) + (-10) + (-13) + (-16) + ... + (-109)
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3) (-7) + (-4) + (-1) + 2 + ... + 131

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4. จงหาผลบวกของอนุกรมเลขคณิตที่มีพจนFแรก คือ 6 ผลต-างร-วม คือ 4 และพจนFสุดท3ายคือ 26
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5. จงหาผลบวกของจำนวนคี่บวก 100 จำนวนแรก
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6. จงหาผลบวกของจำนวนเต็มบวกยี่สิบจำนวนแรกที่เป?นพหุคูณของ 3
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7. จงหาผลบวกของจำนวนคี่ตั้งแต- 17 ถึง 379

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8. ลำดับเลขคณิตลำดับหนึ่งมีพจนFที่ 10 คือ 20 และพจนFที่ 5 คือ 10 จงหาผลบวกของพจนFที่ 8 ถึงพจนFที่ 15

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9. ทับทิมเริ่มออมเงินวันแรก 1 บาท วันที่สอง 2 บาท วันที่สาม 3 บาท ถ3าทับทิมออมเงินเช-นนี้ไปเรื่อย ๆ

จนครบ 30 วัน ทับทิมจะมีเงินออมทั้งหมดเท-าใด
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10. จัดแผ-นไม3ที่มีขนาดเท-ากันกองหนึ่งวางซ3อนกัน โดยเริ่มจากวางแผ-นไม3ในชั้นล-างเรียงตามแนวยาวชิดกัน
จำนวน 30 แผ-น จากนั้นวางแผ-นไม3ในชั้นที่ 2 โดยให3แนวกึ่งกลางตามด3านยาวของแผ-นไม3แต-ละแผ-น
อยู-ตรงกับรอยต-อของแผ-นไม3แต-ละคู-ในชั้นแรก ทำเช-นนี้ไปเรื่อย ๆ จนชั้นบนสุดมีแผ-นไม3 5 แผ-น
จงหาว-าแผ-นไม3กองนี้มีกี่ชั้น และมีแผ-นไม3ทั้งหมดกี่แผ-น
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1. จงหาผลบวก 𝑛 พจนFแรกของอนุกรมเรขาคณิต เมื่อกำหนดให3
1) 𝑛 = 4, 𝑎! = 3 และ 𝑟 = 2
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2) 𝑛 = 7, 𝑎! = 5 และ 𝑟 = 4
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3) 𝑛 = 9, 𝑎! = −3 และ 𝑟 = 5
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4) 𝑛 = 11, 𝑎! = −7 และ 𝑟 = 3
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5) 𝑛 = 14, 𝑎! = −5 และ 𝑟 = −2
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1) 𝑛 = 9 และลำดับเรขาคณิต คือ 2, 6, 18, 54, ...
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0'
2) 𝑛 = 8 และลำดับเรขาคณิต คือ 9, 12, 16, ) , ...
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# ' ( !0
3) 𝑛 = 10 และลำดับเรขาคณิต คือ ) , $ , #- , (! , . ..
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3. จงหาผลบวกของอนุกรมเรขาคณิตต-อไปนี้
1) 9 + 27 + 81 + ... + 729
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2) 4 + 2 + 1 + ... + %!#
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3) 1 + (-2) + 4 + ... + 256
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4. มังกรตั้งใจจะออมเงินเพื่อซื้อหนังสือ โดยวันแรกจะออมเงิน 1 บาท วันที่สอง 2 บาท วันที่สาม 4 บาท

วันที่สี่ 8 บาท เช-นนี้ไปเรื่อย ๆ เมื่อครบ 15 วัน มังกรจะมีเงินออมทั้งหมดเท-าใด
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5. ผู3จัดการฝdายขายของบริษัทแห-งหนึ่งตั้งใจจะเพิ่มยอดขายให3มากขึ้น 3% ของยอดขายเดิม
ทุกไตรมาส (ทุก 3 เดือน) ถ3าในไตรมาสแรกของปTที่ 1 เขาทำยอดขายได3 300,000 บาท
จงหาว-า
1) เขาควรทำยอดขายไตรมาสแรกของปTที่ 3 ให3ได3เท-าใด
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2) เมื่อครบสองปT เขาควรทำยอดขายรวมทั้งหมดให3ได3เท-าใด
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6. ถังใบหนึ่งมีน้ำอยู- 5,832 ลิตร ถ3าใช3น้ำในถังทุกวัน โดยในแต-ละวันใช3น้ำ )
ของปริมาณน้ำที่มีอยู-ในถัง
เมื่อครบ 6 วัน จะมีน้ำเหลืออยู- ในถังกี่ลิตร
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7. บริษัทแห-งหนึ่งซื้อรถยนตFมาในราคา 1,000,000 บาท ถ3าในแต-ละปT รถยนตFมีมูลค-าลดลง 20%

ซึ่งหมายถึงราคารถยนตFคันนี้จะลดลง 20% ทุกปT จงหาว-าเมื่อครบห3าปT รถยนตFคันนี้จะมีมูลค-าเท-าใด
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1. สมมติว-าเริ่มฝากเงินด3วยเงินต3น 100,000 บาท ได3รับอัตราดอกเบี้ย 4% ต-อปT โดยคิดดอกเบี้ย
แบบทบต3นทุกปT จงหา
1) จำนวนเงินเมื่อฝากเงินครบ 10 ปT
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2) จำนวนปTที่จะทำให3มีเงินเพิ่มขึ้นเป?นอย-างน3อยสามเท-าของเงินต3น
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2. ฝากเงินกับธนาคารจำนวน 100,000 บาท ได3รับอัตราดอกเบี้ย 3% ต-อปT จงหาจำนวนเงินในบัญชี
เมื่อครบปTที่ 𝑛 เมื่อ
1) ธนาคารคิดดอกเบี้ยให3ครั้งสุดท3ายครั้งเดียว
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2) ธนาคารนำดอกเบี้ยเข3าบัญชีเงินฝากทุกปT
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3. สมมติว-าเริ่มฝากเงินด3วยเงินต3น 100,000 บาท ได3รับอัตราดอกเบี้ย 4% ต-อปT โดยคิดดอกเบี้ยแบบทบต3น

ทุกไตรมาส (ทุก 3 เดือน) จงหาเงินรวมเมื่อฝากเงินครบ 10 ปT
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4. สมมติว-าเริ่มฝากเงินด3วยเงินต3น 100,000 บาท เมื่อฝากเงินครบ 10 ปT มีเงินทั้งสิ้น 141,060 บาท

ถ3าธนาคารคิดดอกเบี้ยแบบทบต3นทุกปT จงหาอัตราดอกเบี้ยต-อปT
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5. เมื่อต3นปTป[ญญาฝากเงิน 100,000 บาท กับธนาคารแห-งหนึ่ง และฝากเงินเพิ่มอีก 100,000 บาท ทุกต3นปT
โดยธนาคารกำหนดอัตราดอกเบี้ย 3% ต-อปT และคิดดอกเบี้ยแบบทบต3นทุกปT จงหาเงินรวม
เมื่อฝากเงินครบ 15 ปT
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6. ราตรีต3องการฝากเงินกับธนาคารแห-งหนึ่ง ซึ่งกำหนดอัตราดอกเบี้ย 4% ต-อปT โดยคิดดอกเบี้ย

แบบทบต3นทุกปT ถ3าราตรีต3องการให3มีเงินในบัญชี 1,000,000 บาท ในอีก 20 ปTข3างหน3า
ราตรีต3องฝากเงินต3นไว3อย-างน3อยเท-าใด โดยที่
1) ราตรีไม-ฝากเงินเพิ่มอีก
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2) ราตรีฝากเงินเพิ่มอีกปTละ 2,000 บาท

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7. อนันตFกู3เงินจากวิเชียรจำนวน 2 ยอด โดยยอดแรกต3องชำระ 12,682.42 บาท ในอีก 3 ปTข3างหน3า

ส-วนยอดที่ 2 ต3องชำระ 26,115.36 บาท ในอีก 7 ปTข3างหน3า ถ3าวิเชียรกำหนดอัตราดอกเบี้ย 8% ต-อปT
โดยคิดดอกเบี้ยแบบทบต3นทุก 3 เดือน จงหาจำนวนเงินทั้งหมดที่อนันตFกู3จากวิเชียร
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8. สุดาฝากเงิน 2,000 บาท เข3าบัญชีธนาคารทุกต3นเดือน ได3รับอัตราดอกเบี้ย 3% ต-อปT โดยคิดดอกเบี้ย

แบบทบต3นทุกเดือน เมื่อสิ้นปTที่ 5 สุดาจะได3เงินรวมเท-าใด
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9. ทอแสงฝากเงิน 3,000 บาท เข3าบัญชีธนาคารทุกสิ้นไตรมาส (1 ไตรมาส เท-ากับ 3 เดือน)

ได3รับอัตราดอกเบี้ย 6% ต-อปT โดยคิดดอกเบี้ยแบบทบต3นทุกไตรมาส เมื่อสิ้นปTที่ 4 ทอแสงจะได3เงินรวมเท-าใด
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10. ใบเตยซื้อรถยนตFราคา 700,000 บาท โดยตกลงจ-ายเงินดาวนF 200,000 บาท และผ-อนชำระส-วนที่เหลือ

เป?นจำนวนเงินเท-ากันทุกเดือน เป?นเวลา 5 ปT โดยผ-อนชำระทุกสิ้นเดือน ถ3าอัตราดอกเบี้ย 3% ต-อปT
โดยคิดดอกเบี้ยแบบทบต3นทุกเดือนแล3ว ใบเตยจะต3องผ-อนชำระเดือนละเท-าใด
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11. วัชระฝากเงิน 10,000 บาท เข3าบัญชีธนาคารทุกต3นเดือน ได3รับอัตราดอกเบี้ย 3.6% ต-อปT

โดยคิดดอกเบี้ยแบบทบต3นทุกเดือน เมื่อสิ้นปTที่ 4 วัชระจะได3เงินรวมเท-าใด
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แบบฝ<กหัดท7ายบท

1. จงหาพจนFของลำดับเลขคณิตที่กำหนดในแต-ละข3อต-อไปนี้
1) 𝑎( เมื่อกำหนดให3 𝑎! = − 4 และ 𝑑 = −5
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2) 𝑎$ เมื่อกำหนดให3 𝑎! = − 5 และ 𝑑 = 2
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!
3) 𝑎!% เมื่อกำหนดให3 𝑎! = − # และ 𝑑 = −2
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4) 𝑎!% เมื่อกำหนดให3 𝑎! = ) และ 𝑑 = )
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2. จงหาพจนFทั่วไปของลำดับเลขคณิตต-อไปนี ้
1) −2, 4, 10, . ..
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! ! !
2) − 0 , 0 , # , . ..
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#-
3) 11, # , 16, . ..
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4) 19.74, 22.54, 25.34
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5) 𝑥, 𝑥 + 2, 𝑥 + 4, . ..
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6) 3𝑎 + 2𝑏, 2𝑎 + 4𝑏, 𝑎 + 6𝑏, . ..
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3. จงหาพจนFที่ 100 ของลำดับเลขคณิตที่มีพจนFที่ 7 คือ 5 และพจนFที่ 12 คือ 10

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4. ถ3า 𝑝, 5𝑝, 6𝑝 + 9 เป?นพจนFสามพจนFที่เรียงติดกันในลำดับเลขคณิต จงหา 𝑝 และเขียนสี่พจนFถัดไปของลำดับนี้
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5. ถ3าสามพจนFแรกของลำดับเลขคณิต คือ 20, 16 และ 12 แล3ว -96 เป?นพจนFที่เท-าใดของลำดับนี้
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6. จงหา 𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐, 𝑑 และ 𝑒 ของลำดับเลขคณิต 5, 𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐, 𝑑, 𝑒, 29, . ..
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7. ผลบวกของสามพจนFแรกของลำดับเลขคณิต คือ 12 และผลบวกของกำลังสามของแต-ละพจนFของทั้งสามพจนFนี้
คือ 408 จงหาพจนFทั่วไปของลำดับนี ้
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8. จัดแผ-นไม3ที่มีขนาดเท-ากันกองหนึ่งวางซ3อนกัน โดยเริ่มจากวางแผ-นไม3ในชั้นล-างเรียงตามแนวยาวชิดกัน
จำนวน 52 แผ-น จากนั้นวางแผ-นไม3ในชั้นที่ 2 โดยให3แนวกึ่งกลางตามด3านยาวของแผ-นไม3แต-ละแผ-น
อยู-ตรงกับรอยต-อของแผ-นไม3แต-ละคู-ในชั้นแรก ทำเช-นนี้ไปเรื่อย ๆ จนชั้นบนสุดมีแผ-นไม3 7 แผ-น
จงหาความสูงของแผ-นไม3กองนี้ ถ3าแผ-นไม3แต-ละแผ-นหนา 3 เซนติเมตร
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9. จงหาพจนFที่ 𝑛 ของลำดับเรขาคณิตต-อไปนี้
1) −3, −6, −12, . ..
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%
2) 10, −5, # , . ..
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! % #%
3) ' , ' , ' , . ..
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% % !"
4) 0 , ) , ) , . ..
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# ! !
5) − $ , !# , − )# , . ..
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6) 𝑎𝑏 ) , 𝑎# 𝑏 # , 𝑎) 𝑏, . .. เมื่อ 𝑎 ≠ 0 และ 𝑏 ≠ 0
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10. จงหาพจนFที่ 12 ของลำดับเรขาคณิต -162, 54, -18, 6, ...
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;! ;"
11. จงหาพจนFที่ 10 ของลำดับเรขาคณิต 1, # , ' , ( , . .. เมื่อ 𝑎 ≠ 0
;
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12. จงหาอัตราส-วนร-วมของลำดับเรขาคณิตที่มี 𝑎# = ) และ 𝑎% = (!
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13. 5,103 เป?นพจนFที่เท-าใดของลำดับเรขาคณิต 7, - 21, 63, -189, ...
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14. จงหา 𝑎, 𝑏 และ 𝑐 ของลำดับเรขาคณิตต-อไปนี้
1) −15, 𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐, −1215, . ..
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' #-
2) ) , 𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐, 0' , . ..
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15. จงหาจำนวนที่บวกกับ 5, 22 และ 107 แล3ว ผลบวกที่ได3เป?นพจนFสามพจนFที่เรียงติดกัน

ในลำดับเรขาคณิต
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16. จงหาพจนFทั่วไปของลำดับเรขาคณิตที่เป?นไปได3ทั้งหมดที่มีผลบวกและผลคูณของสามพจนFแรกเป?น -3
และ 8 ตามลำดับ
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17. การรณรงคFลดการใช3ถุงพลาสติกในอำเภอหนึ่ง ทำให3จำนวนถุงพลาสติกที่ใช3แล3วลดลงปTละ 5%
ถ3าในปTที่เริ่มต3นการรณรงคFมีจำนวนถุงพลาสติกที่ใช3แล3ว 100,000 ถุง จงหาสูตรการคำนวณ
จำนวนถุงพลาสติกที่ใช3แล3วในแต-ละปT พร3อมทั้งหาจำนวนถุงพลาสติกที่ใช3แล3วในปTที่ 10
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18. จงพิจารณาว-าลำดับที่กำหนดให3ต-อไปนี้เป?นลำดับเลขคณิตหรือลำดับเรขาคณิต ถ3าเป?นลำดับเลขคณิต

จงหาผลต-างร-วม ถ3าเป?นลำดับเรขาคณิต จงหาอัตราส-วนร-วม
1) 7, 9, 11, 13, . . . , 2𝑛 + 5

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2) 6, −6, 6, −6, . . . , 6(−1)?&!

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3) 4, 2, 0, −2, . . . , 6 − 2𝑛

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! ! ! ?
4) 3, 1, ) , $ , . . . , 9 +),

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! # ! ' ?
5) − ' , − % , − # , − - , . . . , − ?2)

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19) จงหาพจนFที่ขาดหายไปของลำดับเลขคณิตหรือลำดับเรขาคณิตต-อไปนี้
#-
1) 11, # , 16, ___________ , __________ , __________
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- !! #0%
2) !! , - , __________ , -- , __________ , __________
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(
3) 6, 4, ) , __________ , __________ , __________
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% % #"
4) 0 , − ) , __________ , − ) , __________ , __________
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20. ให3พจนFที่หนึ่งและพจนFที่สองของลำดับเลขคณิตเท-ากับพจนFที่หนึ่งและพจนFที่สองของลำดับเรขาคณิต
ตามลำดับ และพจนFที่สามของลำดับเรขาคณิตมากกว-าพจนFที่สามของลำดับเลขคณิตอยู- 2.5
ถ3าพจนFแรกของลำดับทั้งสอง คือ 10 จงหาพจนFทั่วไปของลำดับเลขคณิตและลำดับเรขาคณิตดังกล-าว
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21. บริษัท 𝐴 และบริษัท 𝐵 มีเงื่อนไขในการให3เงินเดือนเจ3าหน3าที่ฝdายทรัพยากรบุคคล ดังนี้
• บริษัท 𝐴 ให3เงินเดือนเริ่มต3น 20,000 บาท และแต-ละปTจะขึ้นเงินเดือนให3 1,500 บาท
• บริษัท 𝐵 ให3เงินเดือนเริ่มต3น 20,000 บาท และแต-ละปTจะขึ้นเงินเดือนให3 5%

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1) จงเขียนลำดับแทนเงินเดือนเจ3าหน3าที่ฝdายทรัพยากรบุคคลของบริษัท 𝐴 และบริษัท 𝐵 ในแต-ละปT

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2) จงหาผลต-างของเงินเดือนในปTที่ 10 ของเจ3าหน3าที่ฝdายทรัพยากรบุคคลของทั้งสองบริษัท
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22. จงหาผลบวกของอนุกรมเลขคณิต 19 + 23 + 27 + ... + 999

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1) 𝑛 = 40 และลำดับเลขคณิต คือ 2, 6, 10, 14, ...
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2) 𝑛 = 70 และลำดับเลขคณิต คือ 20, 17, 14, 11, ...

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! ! %
3) 𝑛 = 100 และลำดับเลขคณิต คือ − ) , ) , 1, ) , . ..
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24. จงหาผลบวกของจำนวนที่ 7 หารลงตัว ตั้งแต- 9 ถึง 357

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25. ลำดับเลขคณิตลำดับหนึ่งมีพจนFที่ 4 คือ 11 และพจนFที่ 9 คือ -4 จงหาผลบวกของพจนFที่ 12

ถึงพจนFที่ 25
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26. ลำดับเลขคณิตลำดับหนึ่งมีพจนFที่ 4 เป?น 20 และพจนFที่ 9 เป?น 10 จงหาผลบวกของพจนFที่ 7 ถึงพจนFที่ 17
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27. ยงยุทธเริ่มต3นทำงานใน พ.ศ. 2560 โดยได3รับเงินเดือน 17,500 บาท ถ3าเงินเดือนของยงยุทธ

เพิ่มขึ้นปTละ 1,200 บาท จงหาเงินเดือนของยงยุทธใน พ.ศ. 2590 และเงินรวมทั้งหมดที่เขาได3รับ
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28. โรงละครแห-งหนึ่งต3องการจัดเก3าอี้สำหรับการแสดงใหญ-ที่จะจัดขึ้น โดยจัดเก3าอี้แถวแรกไว3 12 ตัว
แถวที่สอง 14 ตัว แถวที่สาม 16 ตัว เช-นนี้ไปเรื่อย ๆ จงหาว-า
1) ถ3าต3องการจัดเก3าอี้ไว3ทั้งหมด 20 แถว จะต3องใช3เก3าอี้ทั้งหมดกี่ตัว
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2) ถ3าโรงละครแห-งนี้ต3องการจัดที่นั่ง 600 ที่นั่ง จะต3องจัดเก3าอี้ทั้งหมดกี่แถว และแถวสุดท3าย

มีเก3าอี้ทั้งหมดกี่ตัว
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29. โรงเรียนแห-งหนึ่งจัดการแข-งขันวิ่งวิบาก โดยมีกติกาดังนี้

• ให3ผู3เข3าแข-งขันเริ่มต3นที่จุดวางตะกร3าใส-ลูกป`งปองของแต-ละคน
• ใช3ช3อนตักลูกป`งปอง 1 ลูกจากตะกร3า แล3วนำลูกป`งปองไปใส-ชามใบที่ใกล3ตะกร3าที่สุด
• กลับไปตักลูกป`งปองอีก 1 ลูกจากตะกร3า แล3วนำลูกป`งปองไปใส-ชามใบที่ใกล3ตะกร3าใบถัดไป
• ถ3าผู3เข3าแข-งขันทำลูกป`งปองตกจากช3อน ให3กลับไปตักลูกป`งปองจากตะกร3า แล3วจึงทำการแข-งขัน
ต-อไป โดยไม-ต3องเริ่มใหม-
• ทำเช-นนี้ไปเรื่อย ๆ จนผู3เข3าแข-งขันนำลูกป`งปองไปใส-ชามครบทุกใบ แล3วกลับไปที่จุดเริม่ ต3น
• ผู3เข3าแข-งขันที่ใช3เวลาน3อยที่สุดเป?นผู3ชนะ
ถ3าเรียกชามใบที่ใกล3ตะกร3าที่สุดว-า ชามใบที่ 1 เรียกชามใบที่ใกล3ตะกร3าใบถัดไปว-า ชามใบที่ 2
เช-นนี้ไปเรื่อย ๆ โดยวางตะกร3าใส-ลูกป`งปองห-างจากชามใบที่ 1 เป?นระยะทาง 5 เมตร และชามใบที่ติดกัน
อยู-ห-างกัน 3 เมตร ดังรูป
5 เมตร 3 เมตร 3 เมตร
1) จงหาระยะห-างระหว-างตะกร3ากับชามใบที่ 1
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4) จงหาระยะห-างระหว-างตะกร3ากับชามใบที่ n
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5) ถ3าระยะห-างระหว-างตะกร3ากับชามใบสุดท3ายเท-ากับ 23 เมตร จงหาจำนวนชามทั้งหมด

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6) จากข3อ 5) จงหาระยะทางจากจุดเริ่มต3นจนสิ้นสุดการแข-งขัน
6.1) ถ3าผู3เข3าแข-งขันไม-ทำลูกป`งปองตกเลย
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6.2) ถ3าผู3เข3าแข-งขันทำลูกป`งปองตกระหว-างที่นำลูกป`งปองไปใส-ในชามใบที่ 4
โดยทำตกห-างจากตะกร3า 3 เมตร
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30. บันไดทางขึ้นวัดแห-งหนึ่งสร3างด3วยอิฐเป?นทรงตันจำนวน 15 ขั้น โดยบันไดแต-ละขั้นยาว 1 เมตร

กว3าง 0.35 เมตร และสูง 0.25 เมตร จงหาปริมาตรของอิฐที่ใช3สร3างบันไดนี้
0.35 เมตร
0.25 เมตร
1 เมตร
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31. จงหาผลบวกของอนุกรมเรขาคณิต 6 + 18 + 54 + ... +1,458

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1) 𝑛 = 30 และลำดับเรขาคณิต คือ 1, 4, 16, 64, ...
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) ) ) )
2) 𝑛 = 43 และลำดับเรขาคณิต คือ − )# , !0 , − ( , ' , . ..
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#- $ ) !
3) 𝑛 = 28 และลำดับเรขาคณิต คือ )# , !0 , ( , ' , . ..
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33. ลำดับเรขาคณิตลำดับหนึ่งมีพจนFที่ 5 คือ -4 และพจนFที่ 8 คือ # จงหาผลบวกของพจนFที่ 2 ถึงพจนFที่ 9
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34. ลำดับเรขาคณิตลำดับหนึ่งมีพจนFที่ 3 คือ 6 และพจนFท ี่ 7 คือ 24 จงหา

1) ผลบวกของพจนFที่ 7 ถึงพจนFท ี่ 17
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2) ผลคูณของพจนFที่ 3 ถึงพจนFท ี่ 26
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35. วิทยามีเงิน 6,561 บาท ถ3าเขาไปเที่ยวและใช3เงินทุกวัน โดยที่แต-ละวันใช3เงิน ) ของเงินที่มีอยู-
จงหาว-าเมื่อครบ 8 วัน เขาจะมีเงินเหลือเท-าใด
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36. วิบูลยFเริ่มต3นทำงานที่บริษัทแห-งหนึ่ง โดยได3รับเงินเดือน 21,000 บาท ถ3าเงินเดือนของวิบูลยFเพิ่มขึ้นปTละ

9% จงหาเงินเดือนของวิบูลยFเมื่อขึ้นปTที่ 6 และเงินรวมที่วิบูลยFได3รับเมื่อทำงานครบ 15 ปT
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37. รายการลูกทุ-งเสียงทองเป?นรายการแข-งขันร3องเพลงลูกทุ-ง เพื่อเฟ3นหาสุดยอดนักร3องลูกทุ-งเสียงทอง
จากผู3เข3าแข-งขันที่ผ-านการคัดเลือกมาแล3วจำนวน 32 คน โดยการแข-งขันรอบแรกผู3เข3าแข-งขัน 16 คู-
จะต3องประชันเสียงร3องเพลง เพื่อให3กรรมการตัดสินว-าใครคือผู3ชนะในแต-ละคู- ซึ่งผู3ชนะจะมีสิทธิ์ได3เข3าแข-งขัน
ในรอบต-อไป และดำเนินการแข-งขันเช-นนี้ต-อไปเรื่อย ๆ จนได3ผู3ชนะในรอบสุดท3ายเป?นสุดยอดนักร3องลูกทุ-ง
เสียงทอง จงหาว-า
1) ในรอบที่ 𝑛 มีผู3เข3าแข-งขันกี่คู-
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2) รายการลูกทุ-งเสียงทองมีการแข-งขันทั้งหมดกี่รอบ
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3) รายการลูกทุ-งเสียงทองมีการแข-งขันทั้งหมดกี่คู-
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38. คอนโดมิเนียมแห-งหนึ่งมีโครงการกำจัดแมลงสาบภายในอาคาร โดยได3ประมาณจำนวนแมลงสาบ
ที่มีอยู-ขณะเริ่มต3นโครงการไว3 6,000 ตัว หลังจากวางยากำจัดแมลงสาบในจุดต-าง ๆ ภายในอาคาร
พบว-า อัตราการลดลงของจำนวนแมลงสาบเท-ากับ 17% ต-อวัน ถ3าไม-มีแมลงสาบเพิ่มขึ้นในระยะเวลา 7 วัน
นับจากเริ่มต3นโครงการ จงหา
1) จำนวนแมลงสาบที่ถูกกำจัดในวันที่เริ่มต3นโครงการ
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2) จำนวนแมลงสาบที่เหลืออยู-หลังจากดำเนินโครงการไปแล3ว 1 วัน
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3) จำนวนแมลงสาบทั้งหมดที่ถูกกำจัดหลังจากดำเนินโครงการไปแล3ว 7 วัน
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4) จำนวนแมลงสาบที่เหลืออยู-หลังจากดำเนินโครงการไปแล3ว 7 วัน
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39. เศรษฐีคนหนึ่งต3องการจ3างพรานปdานำทางไปหารากไม3หายากชนิดหนึ่งในปdาลึก เพื่อนำมาสกัดเป?นยา

อายุวัฒนะ โดยพรานปdาได3คาดการณFไว3แล3วว-าน-าจะใช3เวลาในการปฏิบัติภารกิจทั้งหมดอย-างน3อย 25 วัน
เขาจึงเสนอให3เศรษฐีเลือกจ-ายค-าตอบแทนแบบใดแบบหนึ่งในสองแบบต-อไปนี้
แบบที่ 1 จ-ายเงินวันละ 50,000 บาท
แบบที่ 2 วันแรกจ-ายเงิน 5 สตางคF วันที่ 2 จ-ายเงิน 10 สตางคF วันที่ 3 จ-ายเงิน 20 สตางคF
ทำเช-นนี้ไปเรื่อย ๆ จนปฏิบัติภารกิจเสร็จสิ้น
จงหาว-า
1) ถ3าเศรษฐีทราบระยะเวลาที่พรานปdาคาดการณF เศรษฐีควรเลือกจ-ายค-าตอบแทนแบบใด
จึงจะประหยัดเงินที่สุด
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2) ถ3าเศรษฐีเลือกจ-ายคำตอบแทนแบบที่เลือกในข3อ 1) และการปฏิบัติภารกิจใช3เวลาทั้งสิ้น 30 วัน

เศรษฐีจะประหยัดเงินกว-าการจ-ายค-าตอบแทนอีกแบบเป?นจำนวนเงินเท-าใด
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3) ถ3าการปฏิบัติภารกิจผิดไปจากที่พรานปdาคาดการณF โดยใช3เวลาไม-ถึง 25 วัน การจ-าย

ค-าตอบแทนแบบที่เลือกในข3อ 1) ยังจะประหยัดกว-าอีกแบบหรือไม-
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40. จงพิจารณาว-าอนุกรมที่กำหนดให3ต-อไปนี้เป?นอนุกรมเลขคณิตหรืออนุกรมเรขาคณิตพร3อมทั้ง
หาผลบวกของอนุกรม
1) 2 + 8 + 32 + ... + 8,192
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2) 7 + 14 + 21 + ... + 98
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3) # + 1 + # +. . . + 30
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4) 16 + 8 + 4+. . . + )#
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5) (-1) + 3 + (-9) + ... + (-729)

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6) -10 – 6 – 2 + ... + 90
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41. ฝากเงินกับธนาคารแห-งหนึ่งจำนวน 5,000 บาท ได3รับอัตราดอกเบี้ยร3อยละ 1.5 ต-อปT โดยคิดดอกเบี้ย
แบบทบต3นทุก 3 เดือน จงหาจำนวนเงินในบัญชี เมื่อฝากเงินครบ 3 ปT
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42. ฝากเงินกับธนาคารแห-งหนึ่งจำนวน 18,600 บาท ได3รับอัตราดอกเบี้ยร3อยละ 4 ต-อปT โดยคิดดอกเบี้ย
แบบทบต3นทุก 6 เดือน จงหาจำนวนเงินในบัญชี เมื่อฝากเงินครบ 15 ปT
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43. แม-ของสุทัศนFขายที่ดินได3เงิน 10,000,000 บาท และต3องการนำเงินไปฝากธนาคารเพื่อเก็บไว3เป?น

ทุนการศึกษาของสุทัศนFในอีก 10 ปTข3างหน3า โดยแม-ของสุทัศนFได3ข3อมูลจากธนาคาร 2 แห-ง ดังนี้
• ธนาคาร A กำหนดอัตราดอกเบี้ย 12% ต-อปT โดยคิดดอกเบี้ยแบบทบต3นทุกสิ้นเดือน
• ธนาคาร B กำหนดอัตราดอกเบี้ย 12.5% ต-อปT โดยคิดดอกเบี้ยแบบทบต3นทุกสิ้นปT
แม-ของสุทัศนFควรเลือกฝากเงินกับธนาคารใด จึงจะได3เงินรวมมากที่สุด และจะได3เงินรวมเมื่อสิ้นปTที่ 10 เท-าใด
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44. เอกฝากเงิน 100,000 บาท กับธนาคารแห-งหนึ่ง โดยธนาคารคิดดอกเบี้ยแบบทบต3นทุก 6 เดือน
เมื่อฝากเงินครบ 10 ปT เขาพบว-ามีเงินในบัญชีประมาณ 148,595 บาท จงหาอัตราดอกเบี้ยต-อปT
ที่ธนาคารกำหนด ถ3าอัตราดอกเบี้ยคงที่ตลอดระยะเวลาที่ฝากเงิน
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45. ต3นตระการกู3เงินจากวิทวัสเพื่อเป?นค-าผ-าตัดของแม-จำนวน 200,000 บาท โดยมีกำหนดชำระหนี้ทั้งหมด

ในอีก 2 ปTข3างหน3า เป?นเงิน 300,000 บาท จงหาว-าดอกเบี้ยที่วิทวัสเรียกเก็บคิดเป?นอัตราดอกเบี้ยต-อปTเท-าใด
ถ3าคิดดอกเบี้ยแบบทบต3นทุกปT และอัตราดอกเบี้ยดังกล-าวเป?นไปตามที่กฎหมายกำหนดไว3หรือไม-
(อัตราดอกเบี้ยเงินกู3ยืมตามกฎหมายไม-เกินร3อยละ 15 ต-อปT)
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46. วิชัยต3องการฝากเงินกับธนาคารแห-งหนึ่งซึ่งกำหนดอัตราดอกเบี้ย 5% ต-อปT โดยคิดดอกเบี้ยแบบทบต3นทุกปT
ถ3าวิชัยต3องการให3มีเงินในบัญชีประมาณ 250,000 บาท ในเวลา 10 ปT เขาต3องฝากเงินต3นไว3อย-างน3อยเท-าใด
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47. ธีระฝากเงินจำนวนหนึ่งไว3กับธนาคารแห-งหนึ่ง เมื่อเวลาผ-านไป 10 ปT พบว-ามีเงินในบัญชี
122,079.42 บาท ถ3าธนาคารคงอัตราดอกเบี้ย 2% ต-อปT และคิดดอกเบี้ยแบบทบต3นทุก 3 เดือน
จงหาเงินต3นที่ธีระฝากไว3เมื่อ 10 ปTก-อน
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48. ถ3าฝากเงินเดือนละ 1,000 บาท ทุกวันที่ 1 ของเดือน เข3าบัญชีที่ให3ดอกเบี้ยร3อยละ 2.4 ต-อปT

โดยคิดดอกเบี้ยแบบทบต3นทุกเดือน จงหาเงินรวมเมื่อสิ้นเดือนที่ 𝑛
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49. หมากฝากเงินกับธนาคารแห-งหนึ่งเดือนละ 2,000 บาท ทุกสิ้นเดือน ถ3าธนาคารกำหนดอัตราดอกเบี้ย
ร3อยละ 3 ต-อปT โดยคิดดอกเบี้ยแบบทบต3นทุกเดือน เมื่อสิ้นเดือนที่ 24 หมากจะมีเงินรวมเท-าใด
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50. มะปรางมีรายรับเดือนละ 20,000 บาท ถ3ามะปรางต3องการออมเงินทุกสิ้นเดือนเดือนละ 10%

ของรายรับ โดยฝากเข3าบัญชีธนาคารที่กำหนดอัตราดอกเบี้ย 12% ต-อปT และคิดดอกเบี้ยแบบทบต3นทุกเดือน
เมื่อเวลาผ-านไป 2 ปT มะปรางจะมีเงินออมทั้งหมดเท-าใด
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51. ในวันที่ 1 มิถุนายน 2561 ส3มซ-าฝากเงิน 100,000 บาท เข3าบัญชีเงินฝากออมทรัพยFที่ให3อัตราดอกเบี้ย

ร3อยละ 1.2 ต-อปT โดยคิดดอกเบี้ยแบบทบต3นทุกเดือน ถ3าส3มซ-าโอนเงินให3น3องสาวผ-านบริการ e-Banking
เดือนละ 5,000 บาท ทุกวันที่ 1 ของเดือน ตั้งแต-เดือนมิถุนายน 2561 โดยไม-เสี่ยค-าธรรมเนียมในการโอนเงิน
เมื่อครบ 1 ปT ส3มซ-าจะได3รับดอกเบี้ยจากบัญชีเงินฝากนี้เท-าใด
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52. ยอดรักผ-อนตู3เย็นราคา 30,000 บาท ด3วยยอดชำระเท-ากันทุกเดือนเป?นเวลา 6 เดือน โดยผ-อนชำระ

ทุกสิ้นเดือน ถ3าอัตราดอกเบี้ย 18% ต-อปT โดยคิดดอกเบี้ยแบบทบต3นทุกเดือนแล3ว ยอดรักจะต3องผ-อนชำระ
เดือนละเท-าใด
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53. อนงคFซื้อรถยนตFราคา 600,000 บาท โดยตกลงจ-ายเงินดาวนF 15% ของราคารถยนตFและผ-อนชำระ

ส-วนที่เหลือเป?นจำนวนเงินเท-ากันทุกเดือน เป?นเวลา 4 ปT โดยผ-อนชำระทุกสิ้นเดือน ถ3าอัตราดอกเบี้ย 6% ต-อปT
โดยคิดดอกเบี้ยแบบทบต3นทุกเดือนแล3ว อนงคFจะต3องผ-อนชำระเดือนละเท-าใด และเสียดอกเบี้ยทั้งหมดเท-าใด
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คณิตพื้นฐาน ม.5

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เอกสารประกอบการสอนวิชาคณิตศาสตร2พื้นฐาน ม.

ชื่อ …………………………………………………………………………ชั้น ………………….เลขที่ ………….

5. จงเติมเครื่องหมาย < หรือ > หรือ = ใน ที่ทำให3แต-ละข3อความต-อไปนี้เป?นจริงพร3อมแสดงแนวคิด

2. ให3 𝑥 และ 𝑦 เป?นจำนวนจริงบวก จงเขียนจำนวนต-อไปนี้ให3อยู-ในรูปอย-างง-ายและเลขยกกำลังทุกจำนวน

" " " #

4. ให3 𝑥 และ 𝑦 เป?นจำนวนจริงบวก จงทำให3พจนFต-อไปนี้อยู-ในรูปอย-างง-าย

6. ในวันที่มีอากาศสดใส ชายคนหนึ่งยืนอยู-บนชั้นสูงสุดของตึก เขาสามารถมองไปได3ไกล

9. ธนาคารแห-งหนึ่งกำหนดอัตราดอกเบี้ยร3อยละ 0.75 ต-อปT โดยคิดดอกเบี้ยแบบทบต3นทุกปT

2) ถ3าต3องการให3มีเงินในบัญชีเมื่อสิ้นปTที่ 15 เป?นจำนวนเงิน 150,000 บาท จะต3องฝากเงินต3น

10. ธันวาฝากเงิน 20,000 บาท กับธนาคารแห-งหนึ่งที่คิดดอกเบี้ยแบบทบต3นทุกปTเป?นเวลา 5 ปT

11. บริษัทแห-งหนึ่งกำหนดเงินเดือนเริ่มต3นสำหรับพนักงานวุฒิปริญญาตรี 18,000 บาท

2) สายธารต3องทำงานอย-างน3อยกี่ปTจึงจะได3รับเงินเดือนเกิน 50,000 บาท

!#" ×!"%* ×)"!

2. ให3 𝑥, y และ z เป?นจำนวนจริงที่ไม-เป?นศูนยF จงทำให3พจนFต-อไปนี้อยู-ในรูปอย-างง-ายและเลขยกกำลังทุกจำนวน

3) รากที่ 4 ของ -81 4) รากที่ 5 ของ -32

7. ให3 𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑥 และ 𝑦 เป?นจำนวนจริงบวก จงทำให3พจนFต-อไปนี้อยู-ในรูปอย-างง-ายและตัวส-วนไม-ติดกรณฑF

9. กำหนดให3 𝑛 แทนจำนวนประชากรเมื่อเวลาผ-านไป 𝑡 ปT โดยที่ 𝑛 = 𝑛" (1 + 𝑟)6

15. ญดาฝากเงิน 50,000 บาท กับธนาคารแห-งหนึ่งที่คิดดอกเบี้ยแบบทบต3นทุกปTเป?นเวลา 10 ปT

3. กำหนดให3 𝑓 เป?นฟ[งกFชัน โดยที ่ 𝐷> = {−2, −1, 0, 1, 2} จงเขียน 𝑓 แบบแจกแจงสมาชิก เมื่อ

5. จงเขียนกราฟของ 𝑟 และพิจารณาว-า 𝑟 เป?นฟ[งกFชันหรือไม-

2) ถ3าเดชมีงบในการเดินทาง 5,500 บาท เขาจะเดินทางได3ประมาณกี่กิโลเมตร

6. ชบาแก3วส-งออกมะม-วงอบแห3งบรรจุถุงไปประเทศเพื่อนบ3าน โดยขายในราคาถุงละ 150 บาท

2) ณ เวลา 12:00 น. จะได3น้ำหนักเนื้อไก-ที่คัดแยกจากเครื่องใดมากกว-า และมากกว-ากี่ตัน

2. จงเขียนกราฟของฟ[งกFชันที่กำหนดให3ต-อไปนี้ พร3อมทั้งหาโดเมนและเรนจFของฟ[งกFชัน จุดที่กราฟตัดแกน 𝑋

3. ถ3ากำไรจากการขายสินค3า (ต-อชิ้น) หลังหักค-าใช3จ-ายแล3วเท-ากับ 100 − 0.1𝑥 บาท

4. เจ3าของหอพักแห-งหนึ่งมีห3องพักสำหรับให3เช-า 80 ห3อง เขาพบว-า ถ3าคิดค-าเช-าห3องละ 4,000 บาทต-อเดือน

พิกัดน้ำหนัก ค7าบริการ (บาท)

3. รถโดยสารประเภทหนึ่งคิดค-าโดยสาร 2 กิโลเมตรแรก 20 บาท และทุก ๆ 300 เมตรต-อไป

2) สำหรับผู3ที่ใช3โทรศัพทFสำหรับโทรออกไม-เกิน 5 นาที ควรจะใช3ซิมคุยคุ3มหรือชิมคุยสนุก

3. ชายคนหนึ่งกู3เงินจากธนาคาร 850,000 บาท เพื่อซ-อมแซมบ3าน โดยธนาคารกำหนดอัตราดอกเบี้ย

3. ถ3า 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 # + 3𝑥 − 5 จงหา 𝑓(0), 𝑓(−1), 𝑓(3) และ 𝑓(𝑎)

3) ให3 𝑔(𝑥) = 19,200 − 3,200𝑥 เป?นฟ[งกFชันแสดงราคาของอุปกรณFสำนักงาน เมื่อเวลาผ-าน

12. พิภพสังเกตว-า ถ3าเขาขายขนมชิ้นละ 35 บาท เขาจะขายขนมได3วันละ 100 ชิน

13. ต3องการล3อมรั้วเป?นรูปสี่เหลี่ยมมุมฉากเพื่อทำการเกษตร โดยด3านหนึ่งของพื้นทีท

15. จุดเยือกแข็งของน้ำบริสุทธิ์คือ 0℃ หรือ 32℉ และจุดเดือดของน้ำบริสุทธิ์คือ 100℃ หรือ 212℉

16. กล-องขนมทำจากกระดาษรูปสี่เหลี่ยมมุมฉากกว3าง 10 นิ้ว ยาว 15 นิ้ว โดยตัดกระดาษเป?น

1) จงเขียนฟ[งกFชัน 𝑉(𝑥) แสดงความจุของกล-อง เมื่อ 𝑥 แทนความยาวด3านของรูปสี่เหลี่ยมจัตุรัส

17. สนามบินแห-งหนึ่งกำหนดอัตราค-าบริการจอดรถชั่วโมงแรก 35 บาท ชั่วโมงถัดไป ชั่วโมงละ 20 บาท

19. อัตราค-าโดยสารรถแท็กซี่เริ่มต3นกิโลเมตรแรก 35 บาท กิโลเมตรต-อไป คิดค-าโดยสาร 3 บาทต-อ 100 เมตร

20. ใน พ.ศ. 2559 ประเทศหนึ่งมีประชากร 86 ล3านคน ถ3าจำนวนประชากรในปTที่ 𝑥 หาได3จาก

2) เมื่อเครื่องบินบินด3วยอัตราเร็วคงที่เป?นเวลา 2 ชั่วโมง จะบินได3ระยะทางเท-าใด

24. ภานุช-วยพ-อทำความสะอาดบ-อเลี้ยงปลาสูง 1.3 เมตร เมื่อทำความสะอาดเสร็จ พ-อให3ภานุเป`ดน้ำให3เต็มบ-อ

3) จงเขียนฟ[งกFชันแสดงความสูงของระดับน้ำในบ-อ เมื่อเป`ดน้ำด3วยอัตราเร็วคงที่เป?นเวลา 𝑥 นาที

2) เมื่อเวลาผ-านไป 5 เดือน น้ำหนักของเพรียวจะเพิ่มขึ้นเท-าใด

26. อรซื้อรถยนตFราคา 1,000,000 บาท ถ3าในแต-ละปTราคารถยนตFลดลงด3วยอัตราคงที่ ดังตาราง

900,000 810,000 729,000 656,100

1) ณ เวลา 07:00 น. มีผู3ใช3บริการศูนยFออกกำลังกายแต-ละแห-งเท-าใด

2) เวลาใดบ3างที่ศูนยFออกกำลังกาย A และ B มีผู3ใช3บริการเท-ากัน และมีผู3ใช3บริการกี่คน

28. จากการสังเกตการซื้อขายมันสำปะหลัง พบว-า ปริมาณความต3องการซื้อมันสำปะหลัง (มีหน-วยเป?นกิโลกรัม)

7) 𝑎? = (𝑛 − 1)(𝑛 + 1) 8) 𝑎? = 𝑛(𝑛 − 1)(𝑛 − 2)

2. จงหาเจ็ดพจนFแรกของลำดับของจำนวนเต็มบวกที่หารด3วย 2 และ 7 ลงตัว โดยเรียงจากน3อยไปมาก

2) 𝑎!# เมื่อกำหนดให3 𝑎! = 7 และ 𝑑 = −3

3) 13, ............... , ............... , ............... , 33, ...............

4) ............... , ............... , 100, ............... , ............... , 142, ...............

6. จงหาพจนFที่ 20 และพจนFที่ 50 ของลำดับเลขคณิตที่มีพจนFที่ 𝑛 เป?น −𝑛 − 3

9. จงหา 𝑎? และ 𝑑 ของลำดับเลขคณิตที่มี 𝑎# = 16 และ 𝑎!# = 116

14. สมศักดิ์ทำงานที่บริษัทแห-งหนึ่งได3รับเงินเดือนเดือนละ 25,000 บาท และได3รับเงินเดือนเพิ่มขึ้นปTละ

15. บริษัทขายรถยนตFแห-งหนึ่งรับซื้อรถยนตFคืนจากผู3ซื้อ โดยจะซื้อรถยนตFที่ใช3แล3ว 1 ปT ในราคาที่ต่ำกว-า

12. ถ3าสามพจนFแรกของลำดับเรขาคณิต คือ 𝑎 + 3, 𝑎 + 20 และ 𝑎 + 105 จงหา 𝑎 และพจนFทั่วไปของลำดับนี้

13. ใน พ.ศ. 2550 อำเภอหนึ่งมีประชากร 60,000 คน ถ3าประชากรในอำเภอนี้เพิ่มขึ้นปTละ 2%

2) 𝑛 = 30 และลำดับเลขคณิต คือ 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, ...

3) (-7) + (-4) + (-1) + 2 + ... + 131

7. จงหาผลบวกของจำนวนคี่ตั้งแต- 17 ถึง 379

8. ลำดับเลขคณิตลำดับหนึ่งมีพจนFที่ 10 คือ 20 และพจนFที่ 5 คือ 10 จงหาผลบวกของพจนFที่ 8 ถึงพจนFที่ 15