‫اﻟﺰ ة واﻟﻀﺮ ﻳﺒﺔ‬

‫واﻟﺘﻔﺎﻋﻞ واﻟﺘ ﻣﻞ ﺑﻴﻨﻬﻤﺎ‬

‫اﻟﺪﻛﺘﻮر‬

‫رﻓﻌﺖ اﻟﺴﻴﺪ اﻟﻌﻮﺿﻲ‬

‫أﺳﺘﺎذ اﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎد اﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ‬
‫ﻛﻠﻴﺔ اﻟﺘﺠﺎرة ـ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ اﻷزﻫﺮ‬
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‫ﻳﻘﻮل رﺳﻮل اﷲ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ اﻟﻨﺒﻲ ﺻﻠﻲ اﷲ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ وﺳﻠﻢ‪:‬‬

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‫اﻷﻣﻮال اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺠﺐ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ اﻟﺰ ة‬
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‫ا‪U‬ﻄﻠﺐ اﻷول ‪ :‬أﻫﻤﻴﺔ اﻟﺘﺤﻠﻴﻞ اﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎدي ﻟﻔﻬﻢ وﻋﺎء اﻟﺰ‪I‬ة‬

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‫اﻟﺘﺸﺮﻳﻊ واﺳﺘﻨﺒﺎط ﻣﻌﺎﻳﻴﺮ ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ وﻋﺎء اﻟﺰ‪I‬ة‬

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‫ا‪U‬ﺴﺘﺠﺪة ﻣﻊ اﻟﺘﻄﻮر‬

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‫اﻟﻘﺴﻢ اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﻣﺼﺎرف اﻟﺰ ة‬

‫ا‪7‬ﻄﻠﺐ اﻷول‪ :‬ﻣﺼﺎرف اﻟﺰ ة وأﻫﺪاﻓﻬﺎ‬

‫ا‪7‬ﻄﻠﺐ اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ‪ :‬وﻇﺎﺋﻒ ﻣﺼﺎرف اﻟﺰ ة‬
‫ا‪7‬ﻄﻠــﺐ اﻟﺜﺎﻟــﺚ‪ :‬اﺳــﺘﻨﺒﺎط أﺳــﺲ ﻣﺤــﺪدة‬
‫‪7‬ﺼﺎرف اﻟﺰ ة‬
- ٤٨ -
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‫ﻄﻠﺐ اﻷول‬%‫ا‬

‫ﻣﺼﺎرف اﻟﺰ ة وأﻫﺪاﻓﻬﺎ‬

: ‫ﺗﻤﻬﻴﺪ‬
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‫ﺴﻜﻴﻦ‬7‫ اﻟﻔﻘﻴﺮ وا‬: ‫ﺼﺮف اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ ﻟﻠﺰ ة‬7‫ﺼﺮف اﻷول وا‬7‫ا‬

G
: ‫ﺼﺮف‬U‫ اﻷﺷﺨﺎص أو اﻟﻔﺌﺎت اﻟﺪاﺧﻠﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻫﺬا ا‬: ‫أوﻻ‬
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: ‫ﺒﻠﻎ اﻟﺬي ﻳﻌﻄﻰ‬U‫ ا‬:‫ﺛﺎﻧﻴﺎ‬

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‫ﺛﺎﻟﺜــﺎ‪ :‬اﻷﻫــﺪاف اﻟﺘــﻲ ﻳﺴــﺘﻬﺪﻓﻬﺎ اﻹﺳــﻼم ﻣــﻦ ﺧــﻼل ﻫــﺬﻳﻦ ا‪U‬ﺼــﺮﻓﻴﻦ‬
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‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪)Q‬‬

‫راﺑﻌﺎ‪ :‬ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺎت اﺳﺘﻜﻤﺎﻟﻴﺔ ‪:‬‬

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 ‫‪- ٥٢ -‬‬

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‫‪2 n ™LC‬‬ ‫‪6n‬‬

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‫ا‪7‬ﺼﺮف اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ ‪ :‬اﻟﻌﺎﻣﻠﻮن ﻋﻠﻲ اﻟﺰ ة‬

‫أوﻻ‪ :‬اﻟﻔﺌﺎت أو اﻷﺷﺨﺎص اﻟﺪاﺧﻠﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻫﺬا ا‪U‬ﺼﺮف ‪:‬‬

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‫ﺛﺎﻧﻴﺎ ‪ :‬ﻳﺸﺘﺮط ﻓﻲ اﻟﻌﺎﻣﻞ ﻋﻠﻲ اﻟﺰ‪I‬ة ‪:‬‬

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‫‪H n‬‬

‫ﺛﺎﻟﺜﺎ‪ :‬ا‪U‬ﺒﻠﻎ اﻟﺬي ﻳﻌﻄﻲ ﻟﻠﻌﺎﻣﻞ ﻋﻠﻲ اﻟﺰ‪I‬ة‬

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‫‪25 Ce w 84‬‬ ‫‪*:‬‬
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‫راﺑﻌﺎ‪ :‬اﻷﻫﺪاف اﻟﺘـﻲ ﻳﺴـﺘﻬﺪف اﻹﺳـﻼم ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﻬـﺎ ﻣـﻦ ﺧـﻼل إﻋﻄـﺎء‬

‫اﻟﻌﺎﻣﻠﻴﻦ ﻋﻠﻲ اﻟﺰ‪I‬ة‪:‬‬
‫‪29 !: 5" ˜# 9% Et 2‬‬

‫‪H (F4@ >(? # % Q8# 9 !:‬‬ ‫" ‪>?@ _ L‬‬ ‫^‪; F‬‬ ‫‪2S‬‬
‫‪2 9 !: i E L t‬‬

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‫‪2H8 "#‬‬

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‫ﺧﺎﻣﺴﺎ ‪ :‬ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺎت اﺳﺘﻜﻤﺎﻟﻴﺔ ‪:‬‬

‫! „ ‪2R‬‬ ‫‪9 !:‬‬ ‫‪H# n‬‬ ‫‪6n 2‬‬

‫‪29 y% 9 !:‬‬ ‫‪_ #n‬‬ ‫‪Q< 2S‬‬

‫‪(( _ # ((n _ ((l‬‬ ‫"((˜‬ ‫((‪% (( J _ (( n@ N ; ((<8C W‬‬ ‫‪2U‬‬

‫‪29 !:‬‬

‫ا‪7‬ﺼﺮف اﻟﺮاﺑﻊ ‪ :‬ا‪7‬ﺆﻟﻔﺔ ﻗﻠﻮﺑﻬﻢ‬

‫‪G‬‬
‫أوﻻ ‪ :‬اﻷﺷﺨﺎص أو اﻟﻔﺌﺎت اﻟﺪاﺧﻠﺔ ﻓﻲ ا‪U‬ﺆﻟﻔﺔ ﻗﻠﻮﺑﻬﻢ‪:‬‬
‫‪2 *+‬‬ ‫‪N RP Q^ H)E _# −‬‬
 ‫‪- ٥٤ -‬‬

‫" _ ‪2 % ŒP N‬‬ ‫‪_# * −S‬‬

‫‪2 *+‬‬ ‫‪W Ln *+ A •n‬‬ ‫‪4 J −U‬‬

‫‪2 < 8^ 5 ^ i‬‬ ‫‪A $oI 5 4 5 #+‬‬ ‫‪i‬‬

‫‪A −.‬‬
‫‪G‬‬
‫ﺛﺎﻧﻴﺎ ا‪U‬ﺒﻠﻎ اﻟﺬي ﻳﻌﻄﻰ ‪:‬‬
‫‪2 9 !: 5 F^ >"^ 9% L[ >"^ š‬‬ ‫‪; ”m EQ4‬‬
‫‪G‬‬
‫ﺛﺎﻟﺜﺎ اﻷﻫﺪاف اﻟﺘﻲ ﻳﺴﺘﻬﺪف اﻹﺳﻼم ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﻬﺎ ﺑﻬﺬا ا‪U‬ﺼﺮف ‪:‬‬
‫‪2 *+‬‬ ‫‪Q<n‬‬ ‫‪P Q^ 5 ^ −‬‬

‫‪25 #+‬‬ ‫‪i‬‬ ‫‪A 5 ^ −S‬‬

‫‪2 IL „ J *+‬‬ ‫‪9:<fJ +) _# *+‬‬ ‫‪9%‬‬ ‫‪M@ K # −U‬‬

‫‪G‬‬
‫راﺑﻌﺎ ‪ :‬ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺎت اﺳﺘﻜﻤﺎﻟﻴﺔ ‪:‬‬
‫" ‪2‬‬ ‫‪L Œ 9 !:‬‬ ‫‪6n@ G −‬‬

‫• ‪2‬‬ ‫˜ ‪5C‬‬ ‫"› <‬ ‫‪8‬‬ ‫"‬ ‫‪−S‬‬

‫‪2 `LF N iE E{ W v 5f 4 −U‬‬

‫‪( M@ ( J ( w((C @ 9L(( n‬‬ ‫((‪z ( H((! i ` Q‬‬ ‫‪4(( J −.‬‬

‫‪2W v‬‬
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‫‪o(I w84‬‬ ‫‪d•= W v k l #‬‬ ‫@‬ ‫‪I 5 #+‬‬ ‫‪5 Q −/‬‬

‫"‪2 _ e‬‬ ‫? <‪L 8C ; 6 t Qn E L=A Q‬‬

‫ا‪7‬ﺼﺮف اﻟﺨﺎﻣﺲ ‪ :‬ﻓﻲ اﻟﺮﻗﺎب‬

‫> ‪w L‬‬ ‫‪L n oI J c d ,{ ? t f‬‬ ‫=‬ ‫@‪L N L n‬‬

‫(‪( ; ([8 VQ< ( *+‬‬ ‫‪J V L(n‬‬ ‫‪_(# ,* (z‬‬ ‫‪oI Qf #Q‬‬
‫"(‬ ‫(‪•L‬‬ ‫‪M‬‬ ‫> ‪# O n@ iG ^ x‬‬ ‫‪"L n‬‬ ‫`‪oI ,•L * z‬‬
‫‪2 R8 %‬‬
‫‪G‬‬
‫أوﻻ‪ :‬اﻷﺷﺨﺎص أو اﻟﻔﺌﺎت اﻟﺪاﺧﻠﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻫﺬا ا‪U‬ﺼﺮف ) ﺣﺪﻳﺜﺎ( ‪:‬‬
‫" ‪2‬‬ ‫‪L A−‬‬

‫@‪_((# k ((` DJ , + ((^G r((4‬‬ ‫((‪((e@ (( 5 #+‬‬ ‫‪n((M −S‬‬

‫‪2 c d L „ J22222 E F‬‬ ‫‪J Le" , + ^G‬‬

‫@‪2 E <6lG _# O n‬‬ ‫‪5 #+‬‬ ‫‪i‬‬‫‪A −U‬‬

‫‪G‬‬
‫ﺛﺎﻧﻴﺎ‪ :‬ا‪U‬ﺒﻠﻎ اﻟﺬي ﻳﻌﻄﻲ ﻟﻬﺬا ا‪U‬ﺼﺮف ‪:‬‬
‫‪2 9 !: 5 F^ >"^ 9% L[ >"^ š‬‬ ‫‪EQ4‬‬
‫‪G‬‬
‫ﺛﺎﻟﺜﺎ‪ :‬اﻷﻫﺪاف اﻟﺘﻲ ﻳﺴﺘﻬﺪف اﻹﺳﻼم ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﻬﺎ ﺑﻬﺬا ا‪U‬ﺼﺮف ‪:‬‬
‫`‪2 E f # ! #Q •L * z‬‬ ‫‪; [8 −‬‬

‫" _‪2‬‬ ‫‪DL J L L4@ −S‬‬

 - ٥٦ -

2 5 #+ i A 5 ^ −U
G
: ‫ ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺎت اﺳﺘﻜﻤﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬:‫راﺑﻌﺎ‬
((I , ((" ( < # O ((n i+e((M# 5((<f VL((F o((I −
2 A 5f%Q N 5 J 5 ` "`t ,5 ) 5n j i d i+eM#

E <6((l > ( " L((l 4 `L((F N VL((F o((I 5(( IJ iE E{ −S

9:(((<fJ N *+(( ((M 5(( 4 > ((" 5 #+(( i (( A
2 *+

2 9 !: K= E H! Q< ? = 9 !: 5 Q 8@ dt −U

‫ اﻟﻐﺎرﻣﻮن‬: ‫ﺼﺮف اﻟﺴﺎدس‬7‫ا‬

G
: ‫ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ اﻟﻐﺎرم‬:‫أوﻻ‬
2 _ Q oI E Q _ :? k LM# > " Q
Šmy *% Œ
G
: ‫ﺼﺮف‬U‫ اﻷﻫﺪاف اﻟﺘﻲ ﻳﺴﺘﻬﺪف اﻹﺳﻼم ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﻬﺎ ﺑﻬﺬا ا‬:‫ﺛﺎﻧﻴﺎ‬
2 _ Q > " c d • myA Q^J K8@ 5 # 5a% ! 5<f # −

2_ " _ _"4 pL8 K ?M@ −S

_ ( _ ( i d 0+( (" _ Q (" #Q( _ ( i d 0+ t −U

2_ "
 - ٥٧ -
G
: ‫ ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺎت اﺳﺘﻜﻤﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬:‫ﺛﺎﻟﺜﺎ‬
E EQ" 5 LM# 54 F# "C` 54 F Q Do ŠmM −
25 jN Q ,E Q" _ :f , ^ _ Q < # Z LM

( ( E EQ(" 5 L(M# 5 f 54 F Q Do ŠmM −S

2R „ !

9Q (("# \ (( ((`A ً :((?n# 9 ((!: K L((M@ H((n? _ #% ((Œ <(( −U

G DE (F G <j (M` N I% L >@‹ _ L"n
G ( i (n ? N ƒQ4 # oI ,5 E F G < 6M`J CF@
2 5 a # i n LM@ < = w 6@ G J 9 !: < = w 6@

% L8 ( G 3(( ^ _((# ً :((?n# 9 ( !: K L((M@ H((n? _ #% ( Œ <(( −.

( v ( # 8 _ o(( K((# ( n \ ( ( `A c(( d , ( fG
,K(( ? N 5(( L m (( A œ((M @ o((• ,5 L((M# 5(( f
H((P# K(( ? 5 (( J 5(( f i #Q(() L = ((@ c(( d _ (([
2 5 4F i #Qm

( H( n (`A c( d ً :(?n# 9 (!: K L(M@ H(n? _ #% Œ < −/

* ( 8 Šmy _ Q " #Q c d w84 fG _#A w 84@
_ #% (Œ <( _(# ( E EQ" ŠmM oI ,_ m#_ \ F
2R „ ! ^
 ‫‪- ٥٨ -‬‬

‫ا‪7‬ﺼﺮف اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻊ ‪ :‬ﻓﻲ ﺳﺒﻴﻞ اﷲ‬

‫‪G‬‬
‫أوﻻ‪ :‬اﻷﺷﺨﺎص أو اﻟﻔﺌﺎت اﻟﺪاﺧﻠﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻫﺬا ا‪U‬ﺼﺮف‪ :‬ﻳﺼﺮف ﺳﻬﻢ ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﺳﺒﻴﻞ اﷲ ﻟﻸﺻﻨﺎف أو اﻟﻔﺌﺎت اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‪:‬‬
‫‪2 E <? K68‬‬ ‫‪−‬‬

‫" _‪2‬‬ ‫‪L „ + ^ _# *+‬‬ ‫‪p%J L L4@ −S‬‬

‫‪2 5 #+‬‬ ‫‪9 Q :! L# −U‬‬

‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪k =Q‬‬ ‫‪*+‬‬ ‫‪W Ln *+‬‬ ‫‪HX‬‬ ‫‪−.‬‬

‫‪G‬‬
‫ﺛﺎﻧﻴﺎ ‪ :‬ا‪U‬ﺒﻠﻎ اﻟﺬي ﻳﻌﻄﻰ ﻟﻬﺬا ا‪U‬ﺼﺮف ‪:‬‬
‫(‪J p‹(C ,9 (!: 5 (F^ >("^ ,5( 4 >("^ š‬‬ ‫‪EQ4‬‬
‫@‪•(= _e‬‬ ‫‪d•= ,9 !: w 6@ r` ! dt 5 Q š‬‬ ‫@‪oI Q Q4‬‬ ‫‪Do‬‬
‫!‪2c d N Q< ? 9 !: K= E H‬‬
‫‪G‬‬
‫ﺛﺎﻟﺜﺎ ‪ :‬اﻷﻫﺪاف اﻟﺘﻲ ﻳﺴﺘﻬﺪف اﻹﺳﻼم ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﻬﺎ ﺑﻤﺼـﺮف ﻓـﻲ ﺳـﺒﻴﻞ‬
‫اﷲ ‪:‬‬
‫‪: < # V QIJ w 84@ VLF‬‬ ‫‪o• *+‬‬ ‫" <‪VQ‬‬

‫‪2 *+‬‬ ‫‪_ k =Q −‬‬

‫" _‪2‬‬ ‫‪5 ^ −S‬‬

‫‪2*+‬‬ ‫‪p%J _ k =Q −U‬‬

 - ٥٩ -
G
: ‫ ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺎت اﺳﺘﻜﻤﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬: ‫راﺑﻌﺎ‬
( 5(( L4 ( A DJ ,E ( <? Š((Fm H ( N VL((F# −
2_ " _ K= Q@ *+ 4@

E ( <? 5((#{+ WX ( Y H ( M 3(( 4 E ( <? ( n# N K(( −S

c( d N H)Q( E (<? *Q(m@ 5 i FFm@ H @ HP# c d
*:(( f ( e *Q((8 _((# R(( ` n ( Šm((y ( • ( C`G
2 P H 5 * n ŠFm@ E <?

k (68 ( (8 J _(e (# J E L(=A Hn? H N VLF# −U

2E <? H @ N 5 Q K# I " • m

• ((m k ((68 -E L((=A (( nf 3(( ^ _((# H (( N VL((F# −.

(4 o(I ( VL(F oI – E <? 5C Y H @N I"
J E L(=| D ( n E Q( 3( ^ _(# ً :(?n# 9 (!: K LM@ Hn?
2E <? 5C Y H @ _ 5 ˜" N 5!% M N • m k 68

‫ اﺑﻦ اﻟﺴﺒﻴﻞ‬: ‫ﺼﺮف اﻟﺜﺎﻣﻦ ﻟﻠﺰ ة‬7‫ا‬

G
: ‫ اﻷﺷﺨﺎص أو اﻟﻔﺌﺎت اﻟﺪاﺧﻠﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺼﺮف اﺑﻦ اﻟﺴﺒﻴﻞ‬: ‫أوﻻ‬
:5 i …C J • myA H " _ H M

2 # _ K68` 5 LM# 5f 4 L= " −

 - ٦٠ -

2 58C` Q? G k LM# LC" ŸM −S

2 n 5 j −U

2 …f+ −.

2 ELM −/

2k LM# L „ > " # _e G # Šmy −1

G
: ‫ﺒﻠﻎ اﻟﺬي ﻳﻌﻄﻲ‬U‫ ا‬: ‫ﺛﺎﻧﻴﺎ‬
: #R @ 6ΠH " _ <

22G J N iL!d i …C J • my| LC" i 8C` K f −

2 n > j ƒ n _# *: # −S

2 # _# _e L „ _ …f+ _ ELM 5 Ce w 84 *: # −U
G
: ‫ اﻷﻫﺪاف اﻟﺘﻲ ﻳﺴﺘﻬﺪف اﻹﺳﻼم ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﻬﺎ ﺑﺴﻬﻢ اﺑﻦ اﻟﺴﺒﻴﻞ‬: ‫ﺛﺎﻟﺜﺎ‬
: < # V QIJ w 84@ *+ VQ< "

L= ( " *+(( L(( „ N L(( z` ( ' ( H((= e _((# k ( ` w(( 84@ −

2 # _ K68

2 _ ELM _ …f+ 5 4 #H @ L = @ −S

2K ? 5#{+ 5 n AH @ −U
 - ٦١ -
G
: ‫ ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺎت اﺳﺘﻜﻤﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬:‫راﺑﻌﺎ‬
: œ [ $oI _# ,H " _ I _# P VLF 5 <8= œ l Qf @

N R(f 4# (e J H (" _( <( _(# ( VL(F _ = Z‹M −

2 $Q N R „ ! E f e

2 5 Fn# L „ N LC" e J Z‹M −S

2 $Q # lL8 _# H " _ < VLF _# Q? G −U

(# •(= $Q( N R( „ H " _ < _# Q C " ŠmM ! dt −.

2 # _# _e #Q $EQ" RlL e 6n
 - ٦٢ -

‫ﻄﻠﺐ اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ‬%‫ا‬
‫وﻇﺎﺋﻒ ﻣﺼﺎرف اﻟﺰ ة‬
‫ﺗﻤﻬﻴﺪ‬

_ I 9 !: V% F • m HFC N O P > 6 I oI −
V QIv 56 @L# 9 !: V% F# WX Y 29 !: V% F# WX Y
2w " > 6 N < P4 9 !: V% F#

<C 9 !: V% F# WX Y 9 !: V% F# V QIJ _ Z @%G −S

Ÿ?@ 9Q $% _e # EQ4@ V QIA : qx 4
2w 6 t 9Q 8 $oI H8 = WX Y

^J 9 !: V% F# _# VLF# H! H 4 @J V −U
oI +) _# < Ev@ @ WX Y J 5C Y u
J 5 Q 8 5C Y $oI 5n 6 W Ln 5 4# K# VLF
2 WX Y _# c d L „ 5 % Et J 5 E F

2 9 !: V% F# WX Y pL J Q < oI Qn
 ‫‪- ٦٣ -‬‬
‫‪5‬‬
‫أوﻻ‪ :‬اﻟﻮﻇﺎﺋﻒ اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺆدي ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل ﻣﺼﺮﻓﻲ اﻟﻔﻘﻴﺮ وا‪7‬ﺴﻜﻴﻦ ‪:‬‬

‫‪2 <f+‬‬ ‫اﻟﻮﻇﻴﻔﺔ اﻷوﻟﻲ‪L8C 5 eM# 5<f # :‬‬

‫‪DE (F G _(#A w 84@ L8C 5 eM# u+‬‬ ‫اﻟﻮﻇﻴﻔﺔ اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ ‪>@‹ :‬‬
‫‪NL(F 5( ` P 5(C Y‬‬ ‫? ‪(I DE (F G _#A w 84@ K‬‬ ‫‪N‬‬
‫"‪_ e‬‬ ‫‪L 8C‬‬

‫‪,‬‬ ‫اﻟﻮﻇﻴﻔــﺔ اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺜــﺔ‪(( fG _((#A w((84 DE ((F G _((#A w(( 84@ :‬‬
‫‪L((( 8C NL(((F 5(((P P 5(((C Y‬‬ ‫‪(((I‬‬ ‫@‪((( fG _(((#A w(( 84‬‬
‫"‪2 _ e‬‬

‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪f DE F K j i d ƒ+P WX Y‬‬ ‫‪$oI‬‬

‫أﻫﻤﻴﺔ وﻇﺎﺋﻒ ﻣﺼﺮﻓﻲ اﻟﻔﻘﺮاء وا‪U‬ﺴﺎﻛﻴﻦ ‪:‬‬

‫@ ?\ ‪; [8 N‬‬ ‫‪9L n‬‬ ‫? ‪in‬‬ ‫‪t‬‬ ‫‪8 _e‬‬
‫‪N HMC‬‬ ‫‪,5 eM‬‬ ‫‪$oI‬‬ ‫‪H n i f%E N i C@ E f K# ,L8C‬‬
‫‪DE F‬‬ ‫? ‪L6l _# i n‬‬ ‫‪$oI N QI M # $Q ˜ L8C u+‬‬
‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪f‬‬
‫‪5‬‬
‫ﺛﺎﻧﻴﺎ‪ :‬اﻟﻮﻇﺎﺋﻒ اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺆدي ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل ﻣﺼﺮف اﻟﻌﺎﻣﻠﻴﻦ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ‪:‬‬

‫˜ " ‪9 !: 5‬‬ ‫اﻟﻮﻇﻴﻔﺔ اﻷول ‪w 84@ :‬‬

‫‪25 Q‬‬ ‫‪{ <? _ 9 !: 5" ˜# +8‬‬ ‫اﻟﻮﻇﻴﻔﺔ اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ ‪w 84@ :‬‬
 ‫‪- ٦٤ -‬‬

‫اﻟﻮﻇﻴﻔﺔ اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺜﺔ ‪9 !: 5" ˜ D% E _#A w 84@ :‬‬

‫اﻟﻮﻇﻴﻔﺔ اﻟﺮاﺑﻌﺔ ‪9 !: 5" ˜ DE F G _#A w 84@ :‬‬

‫˜ "‪9 !: 5‬‬ ‫اﻟﻮﻇﻴﻔﺔ اﻟﺨﺎﻣﺴﺔ ‪n 34 _#J w 84@ :‬‬

‫أﻫﻤﻴﺔ وﻇﺎﺋﻒ ﻣﺼﺮف اﻟﻌﺎﻣﻠﻴﻦ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ‪:‬‬

‫@ ‪9E ( % ”( n 9 (!: 5 (" ˜# +() _(# w(84‬‬ ‫‪H= e 5" ˜#‬‬
‫‪! dt ,*+‬‬ ‫‪H‬‬ ‫‪" ˜# H= e L jv@ VLn‬‬ ‫! ‪3 ^ *+ ‘ 5 #‬‬
‫‪L jv((( _(((# ; (((y ((( = L(((<z 9L((( n‬‬ ‫? ‪i (((n‬‬ ‫‪•(((n N H(((= e‬‬
‫‪_((# H((= e‬‬ ‫˜ "(‬ ‫((‪L jv‬‬ ‫˜ "( =•`( ‪( t H((F (# ( t ( L G‬‬
‫‪29 !:‬‬ ‫)‪+‬‬

‫‪w( 84@ (I 5("# m 5(C Y‬‬ ‫‪(#J 54l‬‬ ‫‪A K %A WX Y‬‬

‫‪$o(I ,\ l‬‬ ‫˜ "‪_# ; y t u 4@ €•= 9 !: 5‬‬ ‫‪n 34 _#J‬‬
‫‪H(! <=% (F# (• E L *:( @ ( 9 (!: 5 n ƒ 4 _#˜@ 5C Y‬‬
‫˜ "‪2 5 = e 5‬‬ ‫‪$o< *: #‬‬
‫‪5‬‬
‫ﺛﺎﻟﺜﺎ‪ :‬اﻟﻮﻇﺎﺋﻒ اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺘﺤﻘﻖ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل ﻣﺼﺮﻓﻲ ا‪7‬ﺆﻟﻔﺔ ﻗﻠـﻮﺑﻬﻢ‬
‫وﻓﻲ اﻟﺮﻗﺎب ‪:‬‬

‫‪2 _ =LF‬‬ ‫اﻟﻮﻇﻴﻔﺔ اﻷوﻟﻰ‪_ oI N H)Q _ O "` _#A w 84@ :‬‬

 ‫‪- ٦٥ -‬‬

‫‪_ =L(F‬‬ ‫اﻟﻮﻇﻴﻔﺔ اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴـﺔ‪_ o(I N H)Q( _( DQ( 8n _(#A w( 84@ :‬‬
‫• ‪2‬‬ ‫˜ ‪5C‬‬ ‫) ‪VLF# 5‬‬

‫‪2 _ =LF‬‬ ‫_ ‪_ oI N H)Q‬‬ ‫اﻟﻮﻇﻴﻔﺔ اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺜﺔ‪" _#A w 84@ :‬‬

‫أﻫﻤﻴﺔ ﻣﺼﺮﻓﻲ ا‪U‬ﺆﻟﻔﺔ ﻗﻠﻮﺑﻬﻢ وﻓﻲ اﻟﺮﻗﺎب‪:‬‬

‫‪(<<f‬‬ ‫[ @‪[8 L6)J _# ” n‬‬ ‫‪H n@ WX Y‬‬ ‫‪$oI‬‬
‫‪”( n WX (Y‬‬ ‫‪$oI‬‬ ‫‪H n *+‬‬ ‫‪2 <f‬‬ ‫‪: G R Q‬‬ ‫`"‬
‫‪( H( n N 9L( n‬‬ ‫? ‪i (n‬‬ ‫‪•(n ( t r‬‬ ‫„ ‪# ,• "# L‬‬
‫‪29 !: w 6@ #Q w84 # t HF‬‬ ‫‪WX Y‬‬ ‫‪$oI‬‬
‫‪5‬‬
‫راﺑﻌﺎ‪ :‬اﻟﻮﻇﺎﺋﻒ اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺘﺤﻘﻖ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل ﻣﺼﺮف اﻟﻐﺎرﻣﻴﻦ ‪:‬‬

‫‪_ #v(( c(( d _(("4 pL((8‬‬ ‫"( _ (‬ ‫اﻟﻮﻇﻴﻔــﺔ اﻷوﻟـﻰ‪K ?((M@ :‬‬
‫‪29 !: _# $E Q‬‬

‫اﻟﻮﻇﻴﻔــﺔ اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴــﺔ ‪0+(( t _ ( m # _ ( 0+(( ‘ 5` Q ( G K ?((M@ :‬‬

‫_ ‪2 9 !: _# _ Q E Q _ #v c d‬‬ ‫‪id‬‬

‫‪_ Q( E Q( _ #v c d L m‬‬ ‫اﻟﻮﻇﻴﻔﺔ اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺜﺔ‪A 5` Q G K ?M@ :‬‬

‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪fG _#A 9 !: _#‬‬

‫‪c(( d 5 L((M‬‬ ‫اﻟﻮﻇﻴﻔــﺔ اﻟﺮاﺑﻌــﺔ‪5 E ( F G 56((M`A % L ( _ #v((@ :‬‬

‫" > ‪2 DE F G _#A _ Q‬‬ ‫" ‪L"n _ o 9Q‬‬
 ‫‪- ٦٦ -‬‬

‫أﻫﻤﻴﺔ وﻇﺎﺋﻒ ﻣﺼﺮف اﻟﻐﺎرﻣﻴﻦ ‪:‬‬

‫? ‪:(` Q( 5( X r(` ! ( i (n‬‬ ‫‪J R m % @ V Ln‬‬ ‫‪_#‬‬
‫(‪Do( _ Q‬‬ ‫@‪( K( @ r(` ! _ ` ( (• i (n ?# (< # 9 (!: K LM‬‬
‫‪9 (!: K L(M@ Ÿ(? _#:( o(I N ,i ( 8n k (`J " J E Q" _ :?n‬‬
‫‪5(C Y‬‬ ‫‪,5( <8C j LM E Q" _ :?n Do _ E E Q‬‬ ‫‪=% F# Q^J‬‬
‫‪(€•= 5(n L 5(C Y‬‬ ‫<‪(#J , ( IJ o‬‬ ‫‪fG _#A‬‬ ‫‪H n@ 5P P‬‬
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‫اﻷﺳﺎس اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ‬

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