Murnnecuoe ny1emec1nne no anuuommm ynnnum n nnomunm. Ceupe1m n 1unm npemenn, ero no1ouon n nnnn, nupunnene n mepnnunon
Hecxontxo cnon o1 an1opa 3ra xnnra ne nx rex, xro conpaercx nsyuart no ne ncropnm. Xorx ncropnn sect mnoro, a n manonsnecrntx ncropnuecxnx erane npeocrarouno. 3ra xnnra n ne nx rex, xro nocnpnnnmaer xnsnt rontxo c marnuecxo rouxn spennx, uacro satnax o peantnocrn. Xorx n mncrnxn na crpannnax, xoropte nt yere unrart, mnoro nosmoxno, axe nepenstrox. 3ro xnnra nx rex, xro nonnmaer, uro nonxrnax PEAHIHA xnsnt ncera cnxsana c xnsntm rano, saraouno uAHTACTHuECKOH. Ocoenno xora peut ner o crapnnnom ropoe, rem onee o raxom, xax nama nenonropnmax Mocxna. Cnxst peantnocrn n ]anracrnxn sect cront xe nepasptnna, xax otunt, nenno, xnonornnnt ropo cnxsan c ropoom nountm marnuecxnm, nacropaxnnammnm, no n npnrxrarentntm ononpemenno. 3ra xnnra nx rex, xro xouer conepmnrt eme ono Marnuecxoe Hyremecrnne no raxnm, xasanoct t, snaxomtm ynnnam n nnomaxm. nx rex, xro nmer marnm n cnoe otenno xnsnn. Kro xaxer cnoe Marnuecxo Heenn. Tontxo na +ror pas +ro yer Hyremecrnne no Bpemenn. Horomy uro ner nnuero npnrxrarentnee n nx ncropnxon, crpemxmnxcx pacxptrt pennne rant Mocxnt, n nx rex, xro npocro nmnr nam ropo n xouer ysnart Ofpepakfupoean u onynukoean ua cafe : PRESSI ( HERSON ) ero noraennte cexpert, uem rant Bpemenn ero noroxon n nnnn, napannene n mepnnanon. Tem onee uro nce nanncanmne mne nocne nepno xnnrn Mocxna mncrnuecxax (Koponnna E.A. Mocxna mncrnuecxax. M.: Henrpnonnrpa], 2012) xax pas ceronann, uro xort xnnr npo ropo n mnoro, no nor ropocxnx npeann n neren xax pas ne xnaraer. A es neren, nycrt n c nanerom nnreparypnocrn, peantnax ncropnx repxer mnoxecrnennocrt cnonx xpacox. Hy uro x, nycrt yer noontme xpxocrn n npasnnunocrn na name Mncrnuecxo Heene. Pasne +ro nnoxo? Hrax naunem. Hac1t nepnan Iopo: xontna npeuen Crapt ropo ncera nactmen mncrnxo. Hama Mocxna nsnecrna c 1147 roa, no ncropnxn n apxeonorn ynepent n rom, uro na camom ene ropo na nexa n nexa crapme. Koneuno, nanepnoe, Hapnx nnn Honon pennee. Cunraercx, uro nepnt ocnonan n III nexe o n. +., a nropo n 43 roy n. +. Ho nor camte mncrnuecxne ropoa Enpont n mnpa ocnonant npnmepno n ry xe ncropnuecxym +noxy, xax n nama Mocxna. pennxx Hpara, ropo anxnmnxon, uepnoxnnxnnxon n xononcrna, nsnecrna c IX nexa. Kentn, ue coop nanpxmym cnxsan c Anoxannncncom, c X cronernx, xorx n xponnxax ynomnnaercx c 29 oxrxpx 1237 roa. Herena yrnepxaer, uro nmenno Kentncxn rornuecxn coop xnnxercx cnmnonom pasnnrnx nnnnnnsannn. Hoxa coop crponrcx, nam mnp crponrcx roxe. Ecnn xe coop naxonen oxaxercx ocrpoenntm, mnpy nesauem yer ontme cymecrnonart, n ero xer xonen cnera. Onaxo nyrartcx ne cronr coop o cnx nop oxonuarentno ne saxonuen n nce eme ocrpannaercx. Cnonom, cpen crapnnntx mncrnuecxnx ropoon Mocxna nnonne n omem npemennom pxy. Onaxo nmemrcx n ornnunx. H saxnmuamrcx onn, necomnenno, nmenno n xauecrne ro mncrnuecxo npnpot, xoropax oxyrtnaer nam ropo. Hentsx cxasart, urot Mocxna tna ropoom nmonno mncrnxn, xax, nanpnmep, ror xe Hapnx. Ho +ro n ne cronnna ntnepenno npnsemnenno mncrnxn, xax ropo roprontx mprepon Fepnnn. Xorx n nmonnoe nanaxenne, n ropronoe npnrxxenne n Mocxne nectma n nectma npncyrcrnymr. He moxer Mocxna noxnacrartcx n rem, uro tna sacrpoena n ennt onpeenennt nepno, xax, nanpnmep, unopennnx nnn Benennx no npemena Bospoxennx. Xorx, necomnenno, n namem ropoe mnoxecrno crapnnnemnx sann, no nce onn pasntx nexon. Ceuac pennemnm npnsnan Cnxro-annnoncxn monacrtpt, nocrpoennt n xonne XIII nexa no npnxasy xnxsx annnna Anexcanponnua (annnt Mocxoncxoro). Hpana, o namnx ne omnn ne camn nocrpoxn sa monacrtpcxnmn crenamn, a nnmt nx noxnern. Kro ne snaer, +ro nnxnne +raxn epenxnntx nnn xamenntx omon, ne xnnte, a npenasnauennte nx xosxcrnenntx nyx. A nor ns peantno coxpannnmnxcx crapnnntx nepxonntx sann nanpennemnm cunraercx Cnaccxn coop Cnaco-Anponnxoncxoro monacrtpx, nocrpoennt n 14201425 roax. Cam +ror monacrtpt ocnonan eme n 1357 roy, no rora ero rnannt xpam tn epenxnntm. Onaxo nocne noxapon, cnyuanmnxcx no Mocxne perynxpno, pemeno tno ycranonnrt coop ns enoro xamnx, xoropt narononyuno nosntmaercx n no ce ent. On tn pacnncan nennxnmn xnnonncnamn semnn Pyccxo Anpeem Pynentm (ox. 1375/801428) n ero coronapnmem annnnom uepntm (ox. 13501428), no, x coxanennm, ceuac or pocnnce ocranoct rontxo necxontxo ]parmenron. Ipaxancxnm xe pennemnm sannem Mocxnt xnnxercx nerenapnax Ipanonnrax nanara n Kpemne. Ona tna nosneena n 14871491 roax no yxasy Bennxoro xnxsx Mocxoncxoro Hnana III (ea Hnana Iposnoro) cnennantno ntnncanntmn ns Hrannn apxnrexropamn Hterpo Anronno Conapn n Mapxo Py]]o. Hepnonauantno crpoenne nastnanoct Fontmo nanaro, xoropax n cnyxnna n xauecrne nepenero npnemnoro noxox rocyapena. o roro, xax noxnnncx Kpemnencxn nopen, nmenno Fontmax nanara ntcrynana xax rnannt npnemnt napant xnxxecxn san. Ipanonnro xe ee norom crann nennuart noromy, uro crent ee yxpament c nnemne cropont xamenno pycronxo, npnntuno nx nrantxncxnx sounx, no neotuno nennuano nx pyccxoro rnasa. Cnonom, axe camtx crapnnntx nocrpoex n Mocxne ocrarouno. Onaxo n ornnune, nanpnmep, or craptx enponecxnx ropoon onn ne xnnxmrcx rpaoopasymmnmn. Koneuno, nam Kpemnt cronr nor yxe mecrt nexon. Ho on ncero nnmt rouxa na nnane name Mocxnt. A no ncemy ropoy pennxx +neprernxa xort n npoxonr no roueuntm sacrpoxam, no ne omnnnpyer, xax, nanpnmep, n rex xe ropoax Hrannn nnn ro xe Hpare. Mocxna npnuynnnax cmect +neprernxn BCEX +nox. H ecnn, nanpnmep, n ropoax Enpont npomnte nexa xonnenrpnpymrcx n oceamr n nenrpe, ntnyxax cosanart n Crapom Ipae nnn Crapom Mxcre mysen no orxptrtm neom, noromy uro +neprernxa pennnx npemen ne xenaer cmemnnartcx c conpemenno +neprernxo, ro n Mocxne +roro ne nponcxonr. 3ect crapnnnte nocrpoxn nnuero ocooro nx cex (xpome epexnoro ornomennx) ne rpeymr. Crapnnnax +neprernxa es xanpnson nepememnnaercx c +neprernxo conpemenno xnsnn. H +ro cosaer nenepoxrnoe omymenne nx ropoa n ero ropoxan. He noromy nn, nx no Mocxne, nnxro ocoo ne ynnnxercx, uro na pennnx ynnnax n n nepeynouxax moxno ncrpernrt nnoe npemx. uame npomnoe. Ho nnora n xycouex yymero, xax nexym meury, eme ne ocymecrnnnmymcx. Heapom xe n pasntx memyapax n nocnomnnannxx coxpannnnct npnmept cmemennx mocxoncxnx npemen. Hanpnmep, nennxn pyccxn ncropnuecxn xnnonncen Bacnnn Cypnxon ynnen na Kpacno nnoman xaprnnt ns Herponcxo +noxn. Bpemx cnonno npnnonxno nx nero sanecy ns Hpomnoro. Bor xax cam xnnonncen sanncan +ro: Hauanoct sect, n Mocxne, co mnom uro-ro crpamnoe rnopnrtcx. Kya nn noy, a nce x xpemnencxnm crenam nty. 3rn crent cenannct nmnmtm mecrom monx nporynox nmenno n cymepxn. Temnora naunnana cxpatnart nce oueprannx, nce npnnnmano xaxo-ro nesnaxomt nn, n co mnom crann rnopnrtcx crpannte nemn. To npyr noxaxercx, uro +ro ne xycrt pacryr y crent, a croxr xaxne-ro nmn n crapnnnom pyccxom oexnnn, nnn nouynrcx, uro nor-nor ns-sa amnn ntyr xenmnnt n napuontx ymerpexax n c xnxamn na rononax. a rax xcno nce, uro axe ocranonnmtcx n xemt: a npyr n n camom ene ntyr? H nor onaxt ny x no Kpacno nnoman, xpyrom nn ymn. Ocranonnncx neanexo or Honoro mecra, sacmorpencx na oueprannx Bacnnnx Fnaxennoro, n npyr n noopaxennn ncntxnyna cnena crpenenxo xasnn, a rax xcno, uro cepne sannoct. Houyncrnonan, uro ecnn nannmy ro, uro mne npecrannnoct, ro nter norpxcammax xaprnna Ofpepakfupoean u onynukoean ua cafe : PRESSI ( HERSON ) Bor rax Btcmne cnnt, nepennerx Hpomnoe c Hacroxmnm, noxasann xyoxnnxy ero yymym xaprnny, nasnannym norom Vrpo crpenenxo xasnn. Bnno, ee nanncanne tno npeonpeeneno Cyto. A nor apxeonorn Anexce n Hpacxontx Vnapont uerxo ynnenn n 1860 roy Fyymee sanne cnoero Hcropnuecxoro mysex, xoropoe yer nocrpoeno rontxo nourn uerneprt nexa cnycrx, n 1883 roy. To snmo Vnapont ntmnn no sacnexenno Tnepcxo ynnne x Kpacno nnoman. H npyr. Inta nsnnnammerocx nnepx orpomnoro oma sacnonnna nect nn. a n ne om +ro nonce ro nn samox, ro nn nopen c nymx amnxmn no oxam, a nanepxy. Inxn-xa! xpnxnyn Anexce monoo xene. Ha amnxx ntnt n ennoporn, a na xptme cner. Cnonno xptma, nonnmaxct, sauepnnyna ero c semnn! Ho Hpacxontx ne nnena enoro cnera. Ona cmorpena nnns, x nonoxnm nenecrt orxya nsmernynmerocx sannx, ram na rporyape anena xpont. Hxrno pasnnnanoct, pacrexanoct, ynennunnanoct. Ax! H Hpacxontx n yxace ynana na pyxn myxa. Hpomno ontme nanarn ner, n n 1883 roy cocroxnoct orxptrne rnannoro ernma rpa]a n rpa]nnn Vnapontx Hmneparopcxoro Hcropnuecxoro mysex. Hpxmo na Kpacno nnoman nosneccx npexpacnt nopen-samox, cosannt no npoexry apxnrexropa B.O. Bepnya n nnxenepa A.A. Cemenona. Ha amnxx ero nocennnnct sonouente ntnt n ]anracrnuecxne ennoporn, a na xptme nancera ner ent poccncxn cner. Bor rontxo cnycrx nonropa roa nocne orxptrnx mysex rpa] Vnapon ymep. Ho Hpacxontx Cepreenna npoonxnna eno myxa. H axe xora nauanact penonmnnx n penonmnnonnt nponsnon ntnynn ee exart ns Mocxnt n Maxon, nepnoe, uro cenana +ra yxe crapax n neorarax xenmnna, tno nauano nontx pacxonon xypranon n ontmenon nosne mxnoro ropoa. H yxe norom, ynntnax na nocnenem napoxoe ns Honopoccncxa n rnxx na rammn pono eper, Hpacxontx Cepreenna Vnapona ncnomnnna nnenne ro anexo cnexno, no cuacrnnno Mocxnt nsmernynmn nntct ]anracrnuecxn nopen. Bor rontxo rpa] Vnapon ynnen rora nxonnnntx ntnon n ennoporon na amenxax c nnxymmem entm cnerom na xptme, a Hpacxontx Vnapona, nepexnnmax myxa, nyxn xponn na mocrono. Bce rax n ntmno. To ecrt n Mocxne nexa n npemena cnoxono npoxonnn pyr uepes pyra. Onn ne nyrannct, no nnnerannct, nn y xoro ne ntstnax paspaxennx. Hpomnoe n Fyymee npoxnnxnnct n Hacroxmem, Hacroxmee roronnno Fyymee. H mocxnnun nnxora ne cmexnnct na raxnm crpanntm pacxnaom npemen, ne ncxntnann cxenrnuecxn ponn mon, rax ne moxer trt. Kax nn crpanno, nx mocxnnue mncrnuecxn cxna yma ncera tn n nopxxe neme. 3ro nam ne nemenxne mprept n ]nnncrept Fepnnna nnn Iamypra, ne arnnnxne neronnanrt, nx xoroptx, xax ronapnnan uapns nxxenc, peantno rontxo ro, uro moxno norporart pyxamn n orpasnrt n roprontx sanncxx. Ho mocxnnun-ro ncera snann (nnn xorx t oratnannct): IHABHOE H TAHHOE ne orpaxaercx nn n xaxnx ymarax. 3ro ranoe xnner rontxo rnyoxo n cepnax n eme n. xpnntx, crapentxnx, nenpnrnxntx c nepnoro nsrnxa nepeynxax n ynouxax, nepecrpoenntx ro nennxnmn apxnrexropamn, a ro n crponrenxmn-neoyuxamn, nepexpyuenntx pennnmn nerpamn, mronantx n nepemronantx, no nancera cxpennenntx npemenntmn nnrxmn. H +ror ysop nnn xonep npemen nenosmoxno pasopnart, ecnn rontxo noome ne ynnuroxnrt. Ho n on rora nosponrcx, xax ]ennxc ns nenna. Horomy uro camo marepnantnoe, ynnunoe reno ropoa n ecrt cpeoroune ero npemennoro xonrnnyyma. H npemx ntcrponr ero sanono no onxrt xe no saxonam Beunocrn. Honyuaercx, Mocxna ne npocro mecro nx npoxnnannx, no n cnoeopasnax mamnna Bpemenn, re +ro camoe Bpemx rnopnrcx, axxymynnpyercx, nospacraer n paccpeorounnaercx. Ono conpaercx n pasntx mecrax, ymnoxaercx, a norom cnona ntaercx ropocxnmn Cnnamn nx nyx Iopoa n ero Iopoxan. Bet cocrnenno Bpemx ropoa n panno cymme nnuntx npemen ncex mocxnnue. Kaxt nnocnr cnom nenry. H omee npemx cxnatnaercx ns ncex npemen. He noromy nn cront npocro narn n raxom ropoe HRFOE npemx? Bor Cypnxon ynnen npomnoe, a nerenapnt yymn nerunx Banepn uxanon ram xe, na rnanno nnoman Mocxnt, yymee: cnon nonert n nosymnte noet-npeoonennx. Btxonr, npemena n ropoe ne crarnunt, ne saxpennent n ocrynnt nx rex, xro XOuET nx ynnert n nonxrt. Ho xax xe rax?! Bet mocxnnun ne marn, ne xonynt n anxnmnxn. 3ro, nanpnmep, n 3nara Hpare nam xaxt +xcxypcono noxaxer na nmo om, yrounxx: 3ect xnn nsnecrnt anxnmnx, xoroporo norom Iere nasnan uaycrom//. 3ect Fen Fenanent, cornopnnmn Ionema na rnnnxntx norax. 3ect xnnonncen Apunmonto, cosananmn na xaprnnax onnxn nme ns onome, nneron n nnoon A y nac no Mocxne ecnn n tn xaxo saymnt renn-uepnoxnnxnnx, rax rontxo n ncnomnnaercx, uro xon Fpmc, xnnmn na nerenapno Cyxapeno amne. A ontme-ro nnxoro n ne ncnomnnrt Orxya xe rora y mocxnnue mncrnuecxoe mtmnenne?! Onn xe nce n otenntx enax n saorax, ronopx no-nonomonomy, nnocrpannomy n nsnece. A no-pyccxn a no-crapomy ronopnnn xynnt no ntroe, no cnyuam. H nor noxasarentno re ntronocrn n cnyuan xynnt ocyxann ne c yuentmn-anxnmnxamn nnn uepnoxnnxnnxamn, n axe ne c napontmn raanxamn n nopoxexmn, xon nmennct na oxpannax Mocxnt. Her! Ecnn yx yuentm npopoxam nept ne tno, ro npo nopoxe noome ronopnnn xax y Ocrponcxoro: a nce npyr onn! Ho-nacroxmemy-ro xynnt n pyrne nourennte ropoxane nepnnn. cnonm cynpyram-marymxam. a-a, nmax xynunxa rex npemen nnonne morna n xaprnmxn pacxnnyrt, n npocro, rnxx na nmne c yrpennnm uaem, nepno npecxasart yymee coner art myxy na ntroy, a eme n npomnt cnyua npnnomnnrt. H uro xe nonyuaercx? A ro, uro npaxrnuecxn xaxax mocxnnuxa onaana cocrnenntm mncrnuecxn-npopouecxnm mtmnennem. a n ntnemnne nsnecment nnonne moryr ncnomnnrt, xax nepno n rouno ronapnnann-coneronann-cunrann nx cocrnennte aymxn. Bnno, npoxnn onrym xnsnt n omax namero pennero ropoa, xaxax aymxa nonyuana cno nponnuecxn ap. H xort nocnonnna yunr, uro aymxa nanoe cxasana, no mocxoncxne aynn pexo omnannct. Bor na Tnepcxom yntnape x cntmana raxoe cyxenne mocxoncxo aynn, oero no- crapnnnomy n mnxnxe n n nepuarxax-mnrenxax: Ofpepakfupoean u onynukoean ua cafe : PRESSI ( HERSON ) Bpemx +ro xpyrono nnrox, no nymn nce npemx nnepx na pasnnrne. On n yer cocrannxrt nonoxnrentnoe pasnnrne xnsnn. Ho ecrt n pyro xpyr, ns nyx samxnyrtx nnrxon cocroxmn. 3ro nenra Menyca, a nx npemenn nacroxmax nonymxa. Ecnn no raxomy xpyry norn, roxe yer xasartcx, uro nemt nnepx na pasnnrne. Tontxo +ro nenpana. Ha camom ene xpyr Menyca samxnyr ns nero ner ntxoa. Bor rax xe npemx n n namem ropoe ner ono no xpyrono cnnpann: nnepx na pasnnrne. H ne a or emy npyr sannrtcx n nono xpyr nenrt Menyca. Tora nacrynnr ynaox. A uro, pasne xaxoe cosanne ne ponrcx n ne ymnpaer? Iopoa rax xe poxamrcx n pacctnamrcx n npax. Cxontxo tno nx, nennxnx, nenoxonenmtx A rnxnmt yxe n ner. Xopomo, ecnn namxrt ocranercx. A ro n nonce sactnnmr necxn Bpemen. Tontxo nor uro +ro sa xpyrn n ropoe-ro? Orxya onn epyrcx n name Mocxne? He oraannct? A anare nsrnxnem na ropo cnepxy. Mnc1nxa pennnx c1en nenannxy cner Onoopasntx snes. 3pancrny, mo annn pe Famnn crpentuaro pocr! <> Fyer n mo uepe uym pasmax xptna. Tax no xya yer Mtcnn xnno crpena? O. Mauoe.iuma+
Hauanact nama semnx, ncem nonxrno, or Kpemnx. 3ect eme n ponsonom nexe (2-e rtcxuenerne o n. +.) nosnnxnn nepnte nocenennx na Foponnnxom xonme. Komy nnrepecno, nycrt nocmorpxr 3araounym +neprernxy Betmnno ropt n moe xnnre Mocxna mncrnuecxax. A sect rontxo ncnomnnm, uro Betmnno ropo nastnann rora Foponnnxn xonm noromy, uro n crapte npemena netma tno cnonom ne pyrarentntm, a ouent axe nourenntm. Osnauano ono ra, xro neaer, npennnr, noconeryer. Ftnn n netmaxn myxecxa nony, ro ecrt nmn mypte, neammne rnannoe. H noromy n nenrpe xonma pacnonarannct ne rontxo nennxoxnxxecxne xnnnma, no n omnna xpenon rex camtx, neammnx. Koneuno, o oxnnennx +roro nocenennx ropoom Mocxno ocranannct eme nexa, no xnsnt-ro xnnena. Hmn poxannct, xnnn, ymnpann. Xoponnnn nx ryr xe n uepre xonma n opa. Hemypeno, uro conpemennax ncropnx, +sorepnxa n ncxyccrno cunramr, uro co npemen xstuecrna na Kpemnencxom xonme cxonnnact nemtcnnmax ronma +neprernxn. Koneuno, cxonnnact. Hpecrannxere xaxo nnacr Bpemen n nacxontxo on cnpecconan?! Bet nopnt, nnoman n amnn xpncrnancxoro Kpemnx croxr na TOH XE CAMOH neontmo nonocxe semnn, uro tna cpeorounem xstuecxoro mnpa. Onaxo cnopno pyroe yrnepxenne ncropnxon n +sorepnxon uro +neprernxa +ra cunraercx orpnnarentno. Houemy?! Koneuno, sect pasmemannct ne xpamt ns copoxa copoxon n ne nxont narocnonnxnn crpoxmncx ropo, a nonnma norante. Tontxo nor oruero onn norante-ro? B nnx nmn rax xe, xax nocne n mt n nxonax, nnenn oron, a npannntnee cnoe, uenoneuecxoe crpemnenne x oxecrnenno cyrn. Koneuno, xax n nmo xnsnn, ram naxonnact n orpnnarentnax +neprernxa, rontxo, ymaercx, nonoxnrentno tno xya ontme. Hnaue orxya t nmn pann cnny na nocrpoxy, pacmnpenne n yxpamenne ropoa? A net crponnn, pacmnpxnn n yxpamann. Cnauana +ro tno roponme n npeenax ntnemnero Kpemnx, Kpacno nnoman n Fenoro ropoa (mexy ynnnamn Bapnapxa n Fontmax Hnxnrcxax). cnoe eno, xonm nepenmenonann nonarosnyunee c npnxoom xpncrnancrna na Pyct Betmnna ropa crana neaxryantno. 3aro noxnnncx Foponnnxn xonm. B ero nasnannn ntpasnnact n ero mncrnuecxax cyrt: on xe ne npocro xnnxncx xonmom na Fopy, no cranonnncx opnom-ooponnrenem xnnmnx na nem nme. K romy xe Betmnna ropa, xort n naxpenxo satrax, nce panno nnocnna cnom nenry. 3neprernxa Kpemnx nosnonxna neart, nponnert a eme n n oe cropont nnert npomnoe n nponnert yymee. Ho xaxnm xe naxanom onxna tna ona onaart! Hemypeno, uro raxonym cnny mano xomy no nneuy nepenecrn. a n or camnx nnenn-npospenn nmo uenonex cnocoen norepxrt ronony. Byrxa nn ynnert ro, uro tno, a eme yxacnee ro, uro yer?! He ncxxn ntnecer. Tpeyrontnmn xpyr Bpeuenn Mocuoecuu Kpe+uo a, +neprernxa mecra tna cnoxno no ne sa cuer npecnonyro orpnnarentnocrn, a sa cuer Mecra Cnnt orpomneme. Bet mano roro, uro semnx tna namonena n xstuecxne npemena, a norom n xpncrnancxne, nnnrana cnny cye xnnymnx na ne nme, no semne nmenno n annom mecre cymecrnonan eme n +neprernuecxn pasnom, nocroxnno ntpactnammn na nonepxnocrt cnom ocoym cnny. Taxoe mecro ne xaxt cmoxer ocnonrt, a cnny nepenecrn. Kro-ro n +rom mecre nouyncrnyer cex na xone, a xro-ro xax n remnom norpee. Onoro cnna oxptnnr, a pyroro n x semne npnannr. He noromy nn n xpemnencxnx crenax cennnnct rontxo camte ntnocnnnte, moxno axe cxasart, oepxnmte enamn n nnacrtm? Ocrantnte npenounrann paccenxrtcx nonnsocrn. Hmenno rax nosnnxnn pasnnunte cnoot npoxnnannx npexnero ocnyxnnammero nepconana nonapon na Honapcxo, mxcnnxon na Mxcnnnxo, conxntx en macrepon na Conxnxe. axe snamennrt oepxnmen Hnan Iposnt nocroxnno ceran ns Kpemnx n xaxo-nnyt napcxn nopen nnn norunny. H enan on +ro ne noromy, uro pyxn sannrt xpontm, a yma xopunnact n econcxom npnnaxe. Hpocro axe emy, rnpany, tna rxxena +neprernxa Kpemnx, no ee nao tno nepenapnrt n nsnnrt xya-ro. Bet xaxt uenonex, nonanmn na Foponnnxn xonm, cnyxnn nexnm npononnxom ncero orpomnoro nnacra +neprn +roro mecra. 3ect moxno nauart samnmart crpany, enart uro-ro macmranoe nx ncex nme. H rora +neprnx naennr raxoro exrenx n samnrnnxa nennanntmn cnnamn. Ho moxno nocrynnrt no-nnomy ntnnecxnnart +ry +neprnm n oprnxx, xasnxx, ntrxax n npounx remntx enax, xonmn cront asaprno ynnexancx ror xe Hnan Iposnt (o pyrnx, onee nosnnx exrenxx semnn Pyccxo n ronopnrt crpamno). Bor rontxo nosmesne sa pasasapnnanne momnemero noroxa +neprnn ncera nacrnrner. He noromy nn Iposnt napt uacamn nanxncx na xamenntx nnnrax nepxonnoro nona n Ofpepakfupoean u onynukoean ua cafe : PRESSI ( HERSON ) noxaxnntx monnrnax? H ne noromy nn cexan ns Mocxnt n nonoe mecro, uax ycrponrt ram cronnny n ornrtcx or saxnecrtnammero +neprernuecxoro noroxa, napt Herp I? Bet na camom ene, cxont nennuamnm t ero nn nennuann, n noncenenno xnsnn tn on npocrtm poxnm napnem, crpaammnm neuno neynepennocrtm n cee, a eme n nayue onesntm. H rontxo cynpyra ero, cranmax Exarepnno-nmneparpnne, no nce panno ocranmaxcx npauxo Mapro Cxanponcxo, ymena no-xpecrtxncxn cnoponncro yxpomart remnte crpacrn Herpa, oneruart ero ont n ynnmart nayuym. H mexy npounm, Exarepnna I, xpane pexo tnanmax n Mocxne, ontme ncero nmnna Kpemnt. H pyrne pyccxne nmneparpnnt Ennsanera Herponna n Exarepnna II uyncrnonann cex n xpemnencxnx crenax npeornnuno. Bnno, cxastnanact nnsocrt +neprernxn Betmnno ropt.
Kpemnt npemen Anexcex Mnxanonnua. 1662 r.
A nor napn-myxunnt ne tnn sameuent n nmnn x Foponnnxomy xonmy. Onn rontxo Anexcanp I ncxpenne ooxan Kpemnt. Ho net na ro on n Ocnoonrent Enpont, noenrent Hanoneona. Bnno, ero +neprernxa, xax n momt ero aymxn Exarepnnt Bennxo, tna cosnyuna nexonomy Kpemnm. Ceronx xonm sannmaer npnmepno 27,5 rexrapa. H otuno nmn npecrannxmr ero nouemy- ro xpyrntm. Cnpocn nmoro, axe mocxnnua ecrt nn na xapre Mocxnt xontno? Kaxt cxaxer: nepnoe n camoe crapoe xontno +ro xpemnencxne crent. A nor n omnercx! Her, xoneuno, crent Kpemnx crapemne n ropoe, no nor ecnn nornxert c ntcort, Kpemnt ne xpyr, ne onan, a. rpeyrontnnx, eme n ne cnnmxom npannntno ]opmt. To ecrt xort n nsnecrno, uro nama Mocxna crponnact no xpyrono ]opme (raxo npnnnnn nastnaercx panantno-xontneno), samtxammecx na Kpemne n nenrpe, no cam Kpemnt nnxaxo xontneno ]opmt ne nmeer. Ho ecnn nsrnxnyrt na xpemnencxn rpeyrontnnx mncrnuecxnm nsrnxom, nosnnxaer xaprnna nemnoro neotunax. Bo-nepntx, ecnn yunrtnart, uro nsnauantno ropo crponncx no pexe Mocxne, n pennne coopt, nopnt n nanart pacnonaramrcx sa ooponntmn crenamn, onxrt xe nnxe x pexe, ro ntpncontnaercx rpeyrontnnx nepmnno nnepx. Taxoe pacnonoxenne yxastnaer na cnmnon neyracaemo xnsnn n cnntnemym conneunym +neprernxy. B marnuecxnx pacxnaax raxo rpeyrontnnx cnmnonnsnpyer yx noenoro ornx n ornocnrcx x xpacnomy cnexrpy camomy cnntnomy n nnerono ramme. Hy a xax nastnaercx nama rnannax nnomat? Koneuno xe Kpacno. a n camn crent Kpemnx cnoxent ns xpacnoro xnpnnua. Bor n ronopnre nocne +roro, uro pennne crponrenn ne snann marnuecxnx ason. 3nann. H npnmenxnn ymemun. K romy xe rpeyrontnnx uncno 3. Cnmnon rpnenncrna xnsnn oren, mart n peenox, cnmnon Xnnonauantno Tponnt Oren, Ctn n yx Cnxro. To ecrt nam ropo nsnauantno ntcrpannancx xax CEMI n VXOBHOCTI Foxtx. Hy a n nymeponornn (nayxe o uncnax) rpoxa cnmnon nmnmunxon uoprynt, Vaun, Besennx. Btxonr, neapom pennne mocxnnun samtcnnnn cnoe roponme rpeyrontntm. Kora xe noxnnnnct re crent pennero Kpemnx, uro mt n ceuac moxem nnert? Onosnauno art ner. Crent ns xpacnoro xnpnnua npnmnn na cmeny enoxamenntm, nocrpoenntm no npemena mnrpnx oncxoro. Hmenno c +roro npemenn cronnny n crann nastnart Fenoxamenno. Hy a xora nosnenn crent Fenoro ropoa, nasnanne yxpennnoct eme onee. Ho nepnemcx x xpacntm crenam Kpemnx. Hx nosnenn na pyexe XV n XVI nexon mexy 1485 n 1516 roamn. To ecrt crponnn nx ocnonarentno nentx rpnnart ner. Moxer, noromy n croxr?
Kpemnt
Bnpouem, cymecrnyer n mncrnxa raxo nerenapno ycrounnocrn. Hpeannx rnacxr, uro no xaxym ns nanarn amen nomecrnnn no xnnomy uenonexy, xoropt oponontno cornacnncx noxeprnonart coo pan samnrt ncero napoa mocxoncxoro. Koneuno, cxopee Ofpepakfupoean u onynukoean ua cafe : PRESSI ( HERSON ) ncero, +rn nerent ntymant. Ho net nnuero ne nosnnxaer na nycrom mecre. 3naunr, sa npemx nocrpoxn xpemnencxnx cren nornno mnoxecrno napoa. Bnpouem, nnaue raxne nocrpoxn n re npemena n ne mornn t nosnnxnyrt. Crpoxa-ro mna npyunym. 3naere, xaxym reppnropnm oxnarnnn crent n amnn Kpemnx? Fontme 27 rexrapon. A nnna camnx cren? uyrt ontme 2 xnnomerpon n 200 merpon. H nomnnre? Famen 20. To ecrt ocnonntm uncnom Mocxoncxoro Kpemnx crano 2. H ne yntarect, ncnomnnax Onxrt noxa!. B mncrnuecxom ntpaxennn 2 uncno napnocrn, omennx, pyse, pasronopon n xonraxron. Hocnrenn +roro uncna reneparopt ne. Onn moryr nnnxrt na orpomnte macct nme, sacrannxrt enart neuro raxoe, o uem pantme n ymart ne ymanoct. Hy uem ne camoe noxoxmee uncno nx cronnuntx ]ynxnn? Bor rontxo 2 eme n xencxoe uncno. 1 myxcxoe, a 2 xencxoe. Heapom cunraercx, uro y name Hepnonpecrontno xencxax yma mymnax, ronopnnnax, cyerxmaxcx. Mocxna- marymxa, n ornnune or Herepypra-armmxn. noxa rocrenpnnmna, couyncrnenna, rorona ncex npnnxrt, nepesnaxomnrt n nepememart no cnoemy ycmorpennm. Heapom ronopxr, uro Mocxna ontmax epennx. C nepnoro nsrnxa ona noannxer, xort n ne nnnxaer n cyrt npnesxammnx. Ho n no panxnpy crannrt ne crpemnrcx xax nter, rax n nter. Orcma n nesaaua ne Mocxna crponr nme, xax, nanpnmep, Fepnnn nnn Honon, no nmn crpoxr cno ropo. H ropo nocrpannaercx no nx ycnnnx. Onaxo, xax ncrnnnax xosxxa, Mocxna nocrynaer antnonnno: cnauana npnnnmaer a noruyer, no norom naunnaer orop xoro ocrannr, a xoro n ntronnr. Hy a na mecro ntrnanntx rorona npnnxrt nontx naprnepon. 3ro xe xencxax yma ona ne moxer es napt, naexn n onopt. Tannc1nennan yma amen Mocuoecuu Kpe+uo: cmeum u auuu H eme xencxax yma ne moxer es rant. He noromy nn nepno cpen xpemnencxnx amen sanoxnnn n 1485 roy Ta-nnnxym. Bosnonn ee nrantxncxn ]oprn]nxarop n soun Anron upxsnn. Ha camom ene apxnrexropa snann Anronno Xnnxpn (xnnapn), ny a ]pxsnnamn rora na Pycn nmenonann ncex, xro npnexan c 3anaa c sement ]pxse (]panxon). Hao cxasart, uro tn +ror upxsnn ne npocro soun, a onepennt nocnannnx Barnxana. Hy na cne nocnancrno mocxnnuam tno nannenart, a nor ymenne souero nosnonrt nocrpoxn c ranamn npnmnoct nectma xcrarn. Bor n Tannnxax amnx crponnact c cexperom: nnyrpn nee nmencx rant xo x Mocxne-pexe n rannx-xonoen na cnyua ocat. Tam xe n mnorouncnenntx ornernnennxx Tannnxo amnn tnn cenant n norante xnern, noxnern n nomemennx nx xpanennx cynyxon c napcxnmn coxponnmamn. Heapom nmenno sect yxe nxrt nex nmyr snamennrym nennxym nnnorexy Hnana Iposnoro nerenapnym Hnepem. Ho ecrt y amnn eme ona rana: n pasnoe npemx pasnte ncropnxn n conpemennnxn sameuann crpannte cotrnx, nponcxoxmne noxpyr ee cren. To sect noxnnxnnct nmn n crapnnntx oexax, ro, nanpornn, peantnte ropoxane ncuesann n ne oxnnxnnct norom. Tax nsnecrno, uro no npemx ocnooxennx Kpemnx or nontcxnx nocx, noepxnnammnx camosnanna Hxemnrpnx, npxmo nenecrt orxya nosnnxna no crenamn amnn nenax narara nnmnx n pnante n xnamte concem ne no noroe mna cepenna max, a narara tna n pantx snnynax ns cepmxrn, otuno nocnmtx nnmnmn n mopost. Orxya nocpen noennoro nma nsxnact narara yornx, rax nnxro n ne nonxn. Ho eno xonunnoct nnoxo nnmne nonann no pasauy n c mocxoncxo n c nontcxo cropont. Tax nce n nornnn. Hy a yxe n XIX nexe, uepes nxrt ner nocne Oreuecrnenno nont 1812 roa, npxmo no crenamn Tannnxo amnn nenecrt orxya nosnnxnn nonmxnnt conar, ynepxnmne o]nnepa nonnnnn n uerneptx nnxnnx unnon, xonm npnmnoct sapart eonar n ornecrn n osnanarentnym, uro onn rontxo uro c nonx ox. Ho xaxne on? Bona c Hanoneonom oxonunnact eme n 1814 roy. Cnonom, conar ornpannnn no +rany neuero nosnnxart nosne nenpnxocnonenntx cren Kpemnx. A ny xax onn xaxym sanapymxy yuynrt xorenn? Hpana, nosxe onn ns osnanarene nce-raxn cymen ysnart, uro ecrnnrentno tn raxono cnyua mecrepo conar npxmo na rnasax nponann n tmy cpaxenn no Cmonencxom. Ho net mna nona. H nce tnn ynepent, uro conar ynnn. A onn nono xax oxnnnnct y cren Tannnxo amnn, a eme nxrt ner cnycrx. Hocne raxnx nsnecrn conar pemeno tno axe orosnart c +rana n nopaccnpocnrt nonoponee. Ho, ynt, nce onn cxonuannct, xro ne nepexnn nepexoa, a xro n npocro noromy, uro ymom rponyncx. Txxent nepexot no npemenn-ro Hopasnrentno, no rannnxn nopran ]ynxnnonnponan n n XX nexe. Xorx, xasanoct t, c uero? Famnm xe mnoro pas pasnpann, pecranpnponann n noccranannnnann naxt n XVIII n crontxo xe n nexe XIX. Ta xpacannna ntcoro n 38 merpon n 40 canrnmerpon, xoropym mt ceuac nnnm, tna noccranonnena n ]opmax, crnnnsonanntx no apxnrexrypy XVII cronernx, n 1862 roy. To ecrt, na nsrnx ncropnxon, ona noome nonoen. Bor rontxo pennne nosemnte xot, nosementx n rannxn nnxro n rporart ne rporan. a n nensnecrno, re onn npoxonnn, satnoct nce anno, yxe n nnant XVII nexa cosant no npnmepnocrn oueprann. Ho nnno, n nonte oueprannx Tannnxo, ncranmne na npexnem mecre n npnxptnmne crapnnnte rant, necyr n cee nce ry xe +neprnm cmemennx nexon. Orcma n nepexot no npemenn. pyrax mncrnuecxax amnx Kpemnx nt ne nonepnre ra camax nnomaxa, uepes xoropym nourn nce nocemammne Kpemnt xoxr xaxt ent enax n roncrentxax Kyra]tx amnx. B XX nexe uepes nee mnn enerart, npnexanmne co ncex mecr Conercxoro Comsa na pasnte saceannx no nopen ceson, ceuac napo no neuepam ner na xonneprt n cnexraxnn. H mexy npounm, crynax no momenomy xoporentxomy mocry, mano xro snaer, uro ner npxmo no anntm-anno sactnannomy orpaxammemy pny, no xoropomy tnn n crapoannne npemena nyment not pexn. a-a, +ra xpacannna amnx, roncrax n, xasanoct t, neyxnmxax, na camom ene tna ono ns rnanntx oentx amen, rposno nperpao nx ocaxanmnx Foponnnxn xonm. Mocr uepes pexy nonnmancx, nopora narnyxo saxptnannct n Kpemnt cranonnncx nenpncrynno xpenocrtm. Hy a re pesnte nanepmnx, uro ceuac rax xnnonncno cmorpxrcx na amne, na camom ene rposnte onnnt, ns-sa xoroptx ocaxennte mornn necrn npnnentnt oront no nanaanmnm. He noymare, uro n re npemena tnn pyxtx, a rem naue nnnronxn. Her merann xamnn, saxxennte ]axent n ropmxn c ropxme cmectm. H uro noxasarentno nmenno +ra oenax amnx-crpentnnna- apaan (xax ee nastnann) n coxpannnact enncrnennax ns npemocrntx amen Kpemnx, ro ecrt rex, uro cnyxnnn nx samnrt mocron, neymnx n camy xpenocrt. Crponn ee n 1516 roy onxrt xe upxsnn (mt yxe snaem, uro +ro ne ]amnnnx, a nposnnme, annoe mocxnnuamn npnesxnm nrantxnnam-]pannysam), no no nmenn Anenns. Hcropnxn n apxnrexropt o cnx nop cnopxr tn nn +ro Anenns no nposnnmy Crapt, nnn yxe npnexanmn n 1504 roy n Ofpepakfupoean u onynukoean ua cafe : PRESSI ( HERSON ) Mocxny Anenns Hont. Cnop ner, no ono xcno: Kyra]tx amnx tna cosana na cnany o cnx nop cronr n nepnosanno xpace, ne cunrax axypno nepxne exoparnnno nacrpoxn, cenanno n 1865 roy nx xpact. H ceuac y oxontx nopor amnn moxno ynnert menn-npopesn nx nene noemnoro mocra n pyrnx noemntx mexannsmon. Hn nene, nn mocra anno ner, a npopesn ocrannct. Kcrarn, orxya raxoe nasnanne? Mocxnnun anno yxe satnn, uro xyr no-crapnnnomy +ro yxptrne, samnmennt yron. H rouno oenax amnx samnmana nonnon. Ho ecrt n pyrax nepcnx, cornacno xoropo xyra]tx +ro nonnorenax, oponax xenmnna-xosxxa. ecrnnrentno, nmenno na raxym ocoy noxoxa roncrax, npnnapxxennax amnx c enoxamenntm nepxom. Baxno ono: Kyra]tx amnx c uncro xencxo +neprernxo. Cama ona mncrnxo npaxrnuecxn ne sannmaercx, no nectma nanopncro n oemno oraer +ry cnom xpxym xencxym +neprernxy oxpyxammnm ee crenam n nocrpoxam. Hy a pxom c ne uro? Hpannntno Anexcanponcxn ca. Tya xax pas n ntxonr ona ns cropon xpemnencxoro rpeyrontnnxa. He noromy nn ram, n Anexcanponcxom cay, moryr marepnannsontnartcx camte nennannte n nn]epnantnte cnnt. Ho uro ynnnrentno nce +rn cnnt, nosnnxnyn, ne moryr nanpenrt rontxo nomout! 3neprernxa Anexcanponcxoro caa ne ymnoxaer cnnt, xax Kpacnax nnomat. 3ro +neprernxa onee mxrxax, cxopee ne myxcxax (xn Kpacno nnoman), a xencxax (nnt). Hnrepecno, uro no npomecrnnn npemen Kpacnt opox (rax nmenonanoct mecro) cran Kpacno nnomatm (ro ecrt nomenxn po nasnannx c myxcxoro na xencxn), no ero myxcxax +neprernxa ocranact. A mecro, re nosxe tn pasnr Anexcanponcxn ca, pantme nmenonanoct Kyra]te mocrnne. Mocrnna +ro epenxnnax mocronax nepe croxme pxom Kyra]te amne. H rax yx onpeennnoct, uro +neprernxa sect xencxax, samnrnax. 3ra +neprernxa ne npnnnocnr cnny nsnne, a naxonr ee nnyrpn camoro uenonexa. Bor nouemy axe camte momnte nn]epno-cnnt ne nnacrnt nanpenrt, net onn ne moryr onnaert uenonexom es ero nnyrpennero paspemennx n cornacnx. Onaxo ntsnart +rn camte nn]epnantnte +neprernuecxne cymnocrn Anexcanponcxn ca moxer. Houemy? a noromy, uro n nenrpe ero na xpyce Bepxnero caa (a n nem cymecrnymr, mexy npounm, rpn xpyca: Bepxnn, Cpenn n Hnxnn) nmeercx nenepoxrno cnnt nopran, xoropomy nonnacrno npaxrnuecxn nce: nepenecrn no npemenn n npocrpancrne, noxasart yymee n ntcnernrt npomnoe. O +rom crpannom n nenocrnxnmom mecre nncann n neronncxx, xora nnxaxoro Anexcanponcxoro caa eme n n nomnne ne tno. Tax, n XVI nexe coomanoct, uro no cenepo-sanano creno Kpemnx crnnynn necxontxo crpaxe, ornpannnmnxcx ocmorpert cocroxnne crent. A n pyroe npemx na rom xe mecre, nanpornn, noxnnnnct nmn, oerte n crpannym xoporxym oexy, ronopxmne npoe no-pyccxn, no nce x raxn ne nonxrno. B XVII nexe neronncn coomann, uro y cenepo-sanano Foponnnxo xnaxn n remnte esnynnte noun perynxpno noxnnxmrcx xaxne-ro nenonxrnte renn, cymnocrn, opasnnt, xoropte, ncrpxxnynmnct, npnnnmamr onnx ropoxan n ncuesamr n remnore ynnn. Hepnte Pomanont axe npononnn paccneonannx no +romy nosnnxnonennm nenme, no nnuero ne onnnct nn nonnmannx, nn pesyntrara. Opasnnt xax macrann, rax n npoonxnnn +ro enart. Ho uro noxasarentno nnxaxnx nenpnxrnocre nocne nx noxnnennx na Mocxne ne cnyuanoct. 3naunr, npox uepes nopran na cenepo-sanano crene, onn repxnn cnom remnym, orpnnarentnym, snym cymnocrt. A moxer, uepes +ror nopran moryr npoxonrt rontxo opoxenarentnte ne nmn. Hnn, moxer, cnnt Foponnnxoro xonma oxpanxnn nme, a cnnt yymero Anexcanponcxoro caa ycmnpxnn n ymnpornopxnn cymnocre. Tpyno cxasart rouno. Ho ono xcno +neprernxa n nopran Bepxnero xpyca Anexcanponcxoro caa ne necyr nx ropoa nnuero nnoxoro. A nor Hnxnn xpyc caa, xort n ntcrpoennt xora-ro, renept saxptr nx nocernrene. a o nem n ne snaer npaxrnuecxn nnxro. Ha Bepxnn neyr ronentxne ac]antrnponannte rponnnxn, na Cpenem xpyce xax pas n rynxer ocnonnax uacrt rocre caa. Hy a re Hnxnn xpyc, nyume ne nnrepeconartcx. Bet xro snaer, npyr nmenno orrya cnnsy moxer npocounrtcx raxax +neprernxa, xoropym nmn ne cmoryr nocnpnnxrt. Heapom xe Hnxnn xpyc ne ]ynxnnonnpyer. Ceuac on naexno sanemenrnponan npn nocrpoxe ntxoa ns merpo n ry cropony, re naxoxrcx xacct Kpemnencxoro nopna ceson. A nor na Bepxnn xpyc Anexcanponcxoro caa moxno nonxrtcx. H x nnxora ne nonnmana, oruero npaxrnuecxn nnxro ns nocernrene ne enaer +roro? Oxasanoct, pasraxa npocra. 3ror xpyc ne nnno cnnsy c rex opoxex, re rynxer ocnonnax macca napoa. H ecnn ronentxax rponxa eme yratnaercx c ocnonnoro nyrn Cpenero xpyca, ro nyxaxn naexno cxptrt. a-a, ram ecrt npenmontrnemne nyxaxn, o xoroptx nnxro n ne snaer! Tam moxno npocro cecrt na rpany, moxno saropart xort ronnec, xort rontmom nnxro n ne ynnnr. Henepoxrnte, sauaponannte nyxaxn, nanoxmne na ]anrasnn o +nt]ax n ]exx, n nenrpe Mocxnt! Onn npnmtxamr npxmo x crapnnno momno xnaxe crent. Ee moxno norporart pyxamn. Ha omynt ona rennax n mxrxax. A net +ro xnpnnu n xament. Touno xencxax +neprnx. Ho pasne rontxo ona napnr n Mocxne? Her, sect nmeercx neoxonmt ananc. Bet ropo nonon n myxcxo +neprernxn. Heapom xe nce naunnanoct c rpeyrontnnxa ornennocroxoro n anoro. H camax cnntnax myxcxax +neprernxa noxpyr Kpemnx xonnenrpnpyercx xax pas na Kpacno nnoman. Heapom ram ne npocro nosnnxamr meurt n crpemnennx, xax n Anexcanponcxom cay, no n nnxrcx pesyntrart, nocxastnamrcx nosmoxnocrn ocymecrnnennx. 3neprnx Kpacno nnoman nacrontxo cnntna, uro, nonan rya, uenonex uyncrnyer, uro cranonnrcx ncecnntntm, moxer cenart nce n npxmo ceuac. Bet nmenno rya cnnnaercx Cnna pennero Kpemnx, xora ntxonr n ropo. Bcnomnnm c pyro cropont Kpemnencxo naepexno +neprnm racnr noa Mocxnt-pexn. A nor na Kpacnym nnomat npocro ntnnecxnnaercx npemenno n +neprernuecxn norox. Kamnn pycuarxn, pacnonoxennte npxmtmn xuexamn, ne amr +ro +neprnn pacrexartcx na ynnnt Mocxnt, nor ona n cxannnnaercx. Hmenno ee xonnenrpar aer raxne crpannte +]]exrt: xro-ro ncntrtnaer na nenrpantno nnoman Poccnn nocropr n +]opnm, xro-ro, nnaax n nexn rpanc, nnnr yymee. Ho npaxrnuecxn nce nonyuamr orpomnt sapx cnnt. Heapom xe namn xocmonanrt nepe nonerom npnxoxr na Kpacnym nnomat. H ne onn onn. 3ect moxno ncrpernrt n nonopauntx, n ornpannxmmnxcx n antnne xpax, n cryenron nepe +xsamenamn. Cnonom, cma nnrynrnnno npnxoxr nmn, y xoroptx nnepen nonte cnepmennx, ena, ncntrannx re, xro xorxr, urot nce n nx xnsnn cnoxnnoct yauno. Ofpepakfupoean u onynukoean ua cafe : PRESSI ( HERSON ) Tpeyrontnnx, c1peunmnncn x xpyry Ha ropo ynann rymant Xononom eno ]aro Bosnnxnn nemte omant anexo, uyxo uepeo B. Xooaceeu:. Oceuuue cv+epru
Onaxo nepnemcx x ncropnn. Hpnmnn npemena, xora xnrenxm crano recno n crenax Mocxoncxoro ernnna, xax rora nennuann Kpemnt. Iopo paspacrancx. Teppnropnn Kpemnx yxe xnno oxasanoct neocrarouno nx ncex xnrene. H ecnn nsnauantno nocenenne na Fopy (na Betmnno rope nnn Foponnnxom xonme xomy xax ontme npannrcx) samnmanoct npnpontmn pecypcamn (c ono cropont Mocxno-pexo, c nyx pyrnx pnamn no Fopom), ro pacmnpnnmemycx ropoy nonaonnact nonax naexnax oxpana. H rora pennne ]oprn]nxaropt-apxnrexropt nosnenn nropte crent esonacnocrn. Iopoa xn1ancxnn n enmn Kuma-eopo, Beum eopo u Byuoeapuoe uououo Honte crent nosnnrnn n nonom paone paccenennx xnrene n Knra-ropoe. Ha camom ene nn x xaxomy Knram nasnanne ornomennx ne nmeer. Knra +ro nnornax cnxsxa xepe, ns xoroptx n nocrannnn nonym ropocxym creny. Ecrt n nropax nepcnx, ncxoxmax ns roro, uro crponrentcrno crent n 1530-x roax tno nopyueno nrantxncxomy souemy n ]oprn]nxaropy, xoroporo na Pycn xoneuno xe nasnann no-cnoemy Herpox Mano, onxrt xe upxsnn. Bosmoxno, on ronopnn o crene nnrra, ro ecrt crena nnraenn-xpenocrn. Ho no-pyccxn nce ono ntxonno xnra. Bor n yrnesnncx Knra-ropo n name cronnne. Ecnn nsrnxnyrt na conpemennym reppnropnm Mocxnt, ro moxno nonxrt, uro n re anexne npemena n uepry Knra-ropoa nomnn semnn, orxoxmne neepom or Kpacno nnoman o conpemenntx Oxornoro Pxa, Hyxnxn n Bapnapxn. Onaxo cxopo crano nonxrno, uro n Knra-ropo ne moxer nmecrnrt n yxptrt ncex mocxnnue. Pemeno tno crponrt nonte, eme onee npoonxnrentnte crent. Bor rora-ro n npnmna pennnm sounm rennantnax mtcnt nosnnrnyrt noxpyr rpeyrontnnxa xpemnencxnx cren ne yry, xax n Knra-ropoe, a nonnonennt oxpannrentnt xpyr. Kpyr, xax nsnecrno, camax cnntnax uepra orpaxennx. Hy yx +ro nce snamr. Heapom xe Xoma Fpyr ueprnn marnuecxne xpyrn, o xoroptx paccxasan nam Hnxona Bacnntennu Ioront n Bnn. a n monooxent naenamr pyr pyry na nanen xontna, npnsnannte orpanrt nx yymym conmecrnym xnsnt or ncex nanacre.
uparmenr Knraropocxo crent
Hy a rpeyrontnnx, nnncannt n xpyr, na xstxe cnmnonon osnauaer xnsnt, nnncannym n neunocrt. Fonee roro xnsnt semnym (rpeyrontnax rnept), nxoxmym n neunocrt (neecnt xpyr). Eme +ror cnmnon npounrtnaercx rax: rpeyrontnnx xnnax uenoneuecxax +neprnx, yxoxmax n npocropt xocmoca-xpyra. Hy a c rouxn spennx cnmnona npemenn +ro osnauaer, uro norox neunoro npemenn (xpyr) ncera yer nmert cnoont nxo n semnoe cymecrnonanne anno reppnropnn (rpeyrontnnx). To ecrt ropo, ntcrpoennt n noonom nnane, ncera yer nmert cnon noprant npemen. H npemx craner ntxonrt sect na nonepxnocrt xort ns xocmnuecxo ncropnn, xort ns semno. Bor orxya ncrpeun nme pasnnuntx npemen, o xoroptx paccxastnan ror xe Cypnxon. H samertre, +ro ne npnspaxn nnn npnnnennx. 3ro cmemenne npemen, nponcxoxmee raxnm cnocoom, uro nce yuacrnnxn npemennoro cotrnx uyncrnymr cex peantno xnntmn. He noromy nn n ncrpeuennte Cypnxontm at n crapnnntx oexax nyrannct ero rax xe, xax n on nx? 3ro ceronx, urot ntunrart nce +rn cnmnonnuecxne npemypocrn, nao onasnrt +nnnxnonenn. A n pennocrn nmn snann n nonnmann nce +ro. He noromy nn antnemee crponrentcrno Mocxnt nomno no xpyry? Hrax, nonaonnoct Kontno. Hy a xaxoe xontno mt ceuac snaem n Mocxne? Touno Fyntnapnoe. Ha camom ene +ro xontno cnoxnnoct eme o yntnapon. H uro noxasarentno ne no ycranonxe cnepxy, a nnrynrnnno xax naponax rpona. Xnrenn npocro paccennnnct antme no oxpyre, ro ecrt renept yxe xnno no xpyry. H n XVI nexe nx samnrt nontx reppnropn tna nosneena rpertx crena (nocne Kpemnencxo n crent Knra-ropoa) crena Fenoro ropoa. Orxya nasnanne? Or nyx cocrannxmmnx. Bo-nepntx, nocrpoxa tna ns enoro xamnx. Bo-nroptx, cma nepecennnact camax enax xocrt oxpe n ocoo npnnnxennte Ofpepakfupoean u onynukoean ua cafe : PRESSI ( HERSON ) nopxne. Bor n ntmen Fent ropo. Hpocroxna crena nourn nex. Horom, n xonne XVIII nexa (17701780), Fenoropocxym creny pasopann. K romy npemenn ona yxe anno oxasanact n uepre paspocmerocx ropoa. Bor na ee mecre n pasnnn yntnapt: nao xe tno mocxnnuam re-ro rynxrt, xax rora ronopnnn npomena enart. A snaere, uro snaunr cnono yntnap? Ho-]pannyscxn +ro n ecrt xpenocrnax crena. Bor rontxo n re npemena n Hapnxe anno yxe nce xpenocrnte crent tnn cnecent, a na nx mecre ntcaxent epentx, pasnrt xnymt n annen. Bor n namn yntnapt crann mecrom nporynox n ortxa. Ceuac +ro 10 yntnapon, nymnx pyr sa pyrom no xpyry. Camt nnnnt Tnepcxo yntnap (857 merpon), camt xoporxn Cperencxn (214 merpon), camt mnpoxn Crpacrno (123 merpa). Ho nor nesaaua na camom ene Fyntnapnoe xontno onxrt xe ne xontno. Ono ne samtxaercx! Hpocro nt xonr x reppnropnn Kpemnx n paccexaercx c mra Mocxno-pexo. To ecrt ntxonr +axoe xontno no nmo pasmep pasemnoe. uro xe nonyuaercx? Bce rpn crent, ncropnuecxn nsnecrnte xax KOHIHA (Kpemnt, Knra- ropo n Fent ropo), na camom ene ne raxont, npocro nyr, pacmnpxxct no ropocxo cnnpann. Ho nn ono ns nnx ne samxnyro n nepasptnnoe xontno. H o uem +ro ronopnr? a o rom, uro xnsnt ropoa ne samxnynact, ne ocranonnnact. Kpyr es samxnyrocrn ronopnr o rom, uro annoe npocrpancrno rorono nxnmunrt n cex n pyrne reppnropnn. Ono ne ocranonnnoct n pasnnrnn, nonnxno, rorono nopart n cex eme n eme. Cnonom, nnrxn raxoro xpyra neyr x pasnnrnm, pacmnpennm, narococroxnnm. Xorx, nnpouem Ecnn mt nsrnxnem na xapry Mocxnt, ro ynnnm, uro Fyntnapnoe xontno ntxonr na Kpemnt c nyx cropon. H Mocxna-pexa sect nnonne moxer ntnonnnrt ]ynxnnm coennennx xpyra n samxnyroe xontno. Hy a yunrtnax, uro y nac na Pycn enxrt mecxnen, cunra, xono, npn xoropom Mocxna-pexa noxptnaercx ntom, ro sacrtnmne not pexn n nnpany moryr nrpart pont coennnrentnoro +nemenra. Oconnno ecnn ncnomnnrt, uro ocnonno ]ynxnne mocxoncxnx yntnapon crana nporynounax. Ho net n na nty Mocxnt- pexn n npexnne npemena nocroxnno ro xarannct na xontxax, ro ycrpannann ]eepnepxn. Cnonom, nemypeno, uro xontno yntnapon Mocxnt crano xontnom ropocxo Cnnt. Ecnn nam ne xnaraer nnyrpenne Cnnt, ynepennocrn n cee, camoonenxn, nnre na cnntnemn yntnap ropoa Tnepcxo. On camt crapt n camt nporxxennt. Eme n npoxexrnponannom nnane Mocxnt 1775 roa on tn nponoxen ram xe, re n naxonrcx ceuac. Ero cpasy xe sacannn ne rononxmn (epentxmn ouent tcrpo pacrymnmn, no nmemmnmn nerarnnnoe cnocrno ntxaunnart +neprnm ns xnntx cymecrn, n rom uncne n nme, oxasanmnxcx pxom; y nac na ocranonxe omecrnennoro rpancnopra raxo ronont cronr cam n rpn oxnara, nerxn npxmo-raxn x ronnxmemycx napoy rxnyrcx; a xax nocronmt oxono nero, rax cnn ner axe n anroyc sapartcx), xax na pyrnx yntnapax. Her, na Tnepcxom ntcannn cnauana epest, norom nnnt, ro ecrt camte opte n cnntnte nx uenonexa epentx-onopt. Hamn npexn-cnanxne, xax n marnuecxne snaroxn npnpot pynt, aconmrno oocnonanno cunrann, uro +neperernxa nmenno +rnx epenten nnxe ncex x uenoneuecxo. Fepesa peno paocrn n ncnonnennx naex. Hnna peno cuacrtx n oxpannrentnnna poa nmcxoro. He noromy nn +rn epentx ncnontsymrcx npaxrnuecxn no ncex marnuecxnx opxax? Tax nor Tnepcxo yntnap, cosannt n xonne XVIII nexa apxnrexropom C. Kapnntm, rnannoe mecro Cnnt n Mocxne n ocnonno reneparop +ro ropocxo Cnnt. Ecnn nosne necno, xora semnx yxe renna, nam nocuacrnnnnrcx npnrn na Tnepcxo yntnap, nt moxere ynnert crpannym xaprnny: nmn, cxnnyn oynt, nyr no ero semne ocnxom. ymaere, onn cnxrnnn? Hnuyrt ne tnano! Mano roro, uro cam yntnap napan Cnny sa onee uem rpn nexa, rax net n o npoxnaxn +roro senenoro xontna sect nmn xnnn. Tontxo npecrantre, cxontxo +neprnn naxonnnn opoxxn, epentx n axe cxamexn Tnepcxoro yntnapa? Hemypeno, uro cneymne nmn, crynax no yntnapy octmn, conpamr ero cnntnemym +neprernxy. Horom onn norparxr ee na cnon ena, samtcnt n ocymecrnnennx. Ho uro enart, ecnn, nanpnmep, uenonex nacrontxo nonon cnn, uro xnner yxe xax n nnxopaxe? Emy t nennoxo orart raxym nnxopaounym +neprnm, samennn ee na pyrym. Ie cenart raxoe? nx +roro, oporne ropoxane n rocrn cronnnt, ecrt pyro snamennrt yntnap Hoxponcxn. Hy, yx ]nntm-ro Hoxponcxne nopora nce cmorpenn. Koneuno, nnxaxnx nopor anno ner. Xorx no npemena crponrentcrna yntnapon onn tnn, xax n Hnxnrcxne nopora, or xoroptx naunnaercx Tnepcxo yntnap. Ho nce +ro tnn nopora n crenax roro camoro Fenoro ropoa, xoropte cnecnn n na mecre xoroptx n xonne XVIII nexa n nauann oycrpannart Fyntnapnoe xontno. Hoxponcxn oxasancx ntcrpoenntm nocnennm yxe n 1820 roy. On pasnr na ne uacrn, xax t paspesan nanpornn Kasapmennoro nepeynxa. 3ro nocnomnnanne o noenntx xasapmax, xon nauann crponrt no npnxasy Hanna I, no rax n pocnnn norom no npnunne cmeprn nmneparopa-saxasunxa. nx nac naxno pyroe: nepnax uacrt Hoxponcxoro yntnapa ornpaer y uenonexa nenyxnte emy +monnn, remnym +neprernxy, nenpnxrnte nocnomnnannx, nropax uacrt noccranannnnaer ero cnnt n nyxnym cnernym +neprernxy. 3ect xopomo cex uyncrnymr nnmnennte, meurarenn n ente marn, no nectma nnoxo re, xro pyxar c remntmn cnnamn nnn sannmamrcx uepno marne. H eme sect nonesno noponrt rem, xro nnmnen esornerno, esnaexno. Cnnt yntnapa ocnooxr nx ymy or nerarnnntx uyncrn n nepnyr naexy na nyumee yymee. Ho nepnemcx x crenam Fenoro ropoa n x npennrepecneme erann: at samnrnrt ropo ne rontxo or namecrnnx npaxecxoro, no n yxonno-orpnnarentnoro, Mocxny onecnn monacrtpxmn no reppnropnn Fenoro ropoa. Bcero cnxrtx onrene tno 11. Cpen nnx nerenapnte: Hnanoncxn (mexy Fontmo Hnanoncxo ynnne n Conxnxo), Cperencxn (ynnna Cperenxa), Poxecrnencxn (yron ynnnt Poxecrnenxa n Poxecrnencxoro yntnapa) n p. A nor nepxne oxasanoct n crenax Fenoro ropoa nanart. To ecrt onn nonropnnn uncno, naroarnoe nx ropoa, xoropt nauan crponrtcx or Kpemnx, re nmenno 20 oxasanoct neymnm uncnom. Born n nenrp ns Fenoro ropoa moxno tno rontxo n ropocxne nopora. Ftno nx (a npn nnx n amen) roxe 11, xax n monacrtpe. Mncrnunemee n xpane cnntnoe uncno, rocnocrnymmee n nymeponornn nayxe o uncnax. 11 nmenyercx rocnonnom npocnernnrenem nnn npocro npocnernennem. uncno +ro nanpxmym cnxsano c Btcmnmn cnnamn, nonyuaer or nnx noepxxy. Ho sa +ro n camo onxno nnocnrt npocnernenne n semnym xnsnt oxopmnxrt ncex, xro noxpyr. Bor n monacrtpn, amnn n nopora Fenoro ropoa nexamn oxopmnxnn n oxpanxnn mocxnnue. Tax uro, npano xe, cronr nasnart +rn Ofpepakfupoean u onynukoean ua cafe : PRESSI ( HERSON ) nopora, rem onee uro xort camnx nopor n ner, no nasnannx coxpannnnct npocro mecra, re onn pacnonarannct, crann nastnartcx nnomaxmn. Bcexcnxrcxne (Tpncnxrcxne) mexy Hpeuncrenxo n Bonxonxo, ntxonnmne x Fontmomy Kamennomy mocry; ueprontcxne (Hpeuncrencxne) ceuac nnomat Hpeuncrencxne Bopora; Aparcxne (Cmonencxne) ceuac nnomat Aparcxne Bopora; Hnxnrcxne ceuac nnomat Hnxnrcxne Bopora; Tnepcxne panee nnomat Tnepcxne Bopora, ceuac Hymxnncxax nnomat; Herponcxne ceuac nnomat Herponcxne Bopora; mnrponcxne (n XVII nexe nepeenant n rnyxym amnm); Cperencxne ceuac nnomat Cperencxne Bopora; Mxcnnnxne ceuac nnomat Mxcnnnxne Bopora; Hoxponcxne ceuac nnomat Hoxponcxne Bopora; yscxne ceuac nnomat yscxne Bopora. H yx nensnecrno ro nn mncrnxa Cnnt noconna, ro nn npocro crponnn na conecrt, no nexoropte nopora Fenoro ropoa ynenenn axe nocne cnoca ero cren ax o nropo uerneprn XX nexa. Hanpnmep, Cyxapencxne (tnmne Cperencxne nopora) npocymecrnonann o 1934 roa. Onn n crann onnm ns camtx mncrnuecxnx n ncenonpnxnmuenuecxnx cnmnonon-snaxon namero ropoa. He nepnre? Bcnomnnre nerenapnym Cyxapeny amnm y Cperencxnx nopor. Mocxoncxnn uapoen Vuuua Cpemeuua u npuueeamuue nepeyuuu Cperencxne nopora naxonnnct na yrny ynnnt Cperenxa n ntnemnero Caonoro xontna. Orxya raxoe nasnanne? Or crapnnnoro cnona cperart, ro ecrt, no-ntnemnemy, ncrpeuart. Heronncn rnacxr, uro n 1395 roy Tamepnan nomen na Mocxny. Ocoo ooponxrtcx mocxnnuam tno neuem. a n xonnuecrno ropoxan ncraxno naxanyne tn nennxn nomop ro nn or +nnemnn, ro nn c ronoyxn. H rora nennxn xnxst Mocxoncxn Bacnnn mnrpnennu npnxasan nepenecrn ns Bnanmnpa n Mocxny nerenapnym Bnanmnpcxym nxony Foxte Marepn, no npeannm, nanncannym c eme spancrnymme Foroponnt enanrenncrom-xnnonncnem Hyxo, xoropt renept n cunraercx noxponnrenem ncex xyoxnnxon.
Cyxapena amnx
26 anrycra 1395 roa mocxnnun ntmnn ncrpeuart nxony sa uepry ropoa xenann oxasart e uecrt. H nxona onpanana nce camte nenepoxrnte oxnannx. Tamepnany n ry nout npncnnnact Cnxrax 3acrynnnna semnn Pyccxo. H rax ona ero nanyrana n raxne et nocynnna, ecnn nanaer na ropo, naxoxmncx no ee samnro, uro nayrpo Tamepnan cnepnyn cranxy n ymen ns mocxoncxnx sement. A na rom mecre, re nponcxonna nerenapnax mocxoncxax ncrpeua (cpeua) Bnanmnpcxo nxont Foxte Marepn, ropoxane n nosnenn Cperencxn monacrtpt. Hy a no nemy n ynnna crana Cperenxo, a norom n nopora Cperencxnmn, n amnx roxe. B xonne XVII nexa (yxe npn Herpe I) Cperencxne nopora pemeno tno cenart xamenntmn. Onn tnn nosneent na nepeceuennx ntnemnero Caonoro xontna n ynnnt Cperenxa n 16921695 roax no nnnnnarnne camoro Herpa Bennxoro n no npoexry apxnrexropa Mnxanna uernoxona, xoropt napt nnuno oopnn. Ho nasnant tnn renept yxe ne Cperencxnmn, a Cyxapencxnmn n uecrt cnonnxnnxa Herpa crpenenxoro nonxonnnxa Hanpenrnx Cyxapena. Bo npemx nerenapnoro Crpenenxoro ynra 1689 roa Cyxapen nepemen na cropony mnoro Herpa, n nmenno ero nonx oxpanxn monooro rocyapx. Ofpepakfupoean u onynukoean ua cafe : PRESSI ( HERSON ) Cnannt nocrynox xpaporo nonxonnnxa. Bor rontxo n ncropnm Cyxapencxne nopora nomnn, cnxsannte c nmenem ne noennoro, no uepnoxnnxnnxa-mara. Bet na noporamn nosnnrnn Cyxapeny amnm. Ty camym meramncrnuecxym, n xoropo camt nerenapnt mocxoncxn xonyn xon Fpmc pasmecrnn cnom ocepnaropnm, ranym naoparopnm, ny a norom, no npeannm, n cynyxn c coxponnmamn, xonnexnnm sanpemenntx n oronpornnntx marnuecxnx xnnr no rnane c ocoo norano uepno xnnro, n xoropo tnn onncant uyeca nennxnx n mepsxnx or npocroro xononcrna o penenra eccmeprnx. Xorx na camom ene, xoneuno, nce tno ne rax, xax menrannct mocxnnun, xpecrxct npn ynomnnannn uepnoro xonyna Fpmca.
Vnnna Cperenxa
xon Bnnnmonnu Fpmc (16701735), cnonnxnnx Herpa Bennxoro, yuent, acrponom n maremarnx, nexapt n nnxenep, nnunocrt o cnx nop conepmenno saraounax. Tpyon o nem cocranneno nemepeno, rontxo nor no ncex rpyax nce pasnoe. Cnonno o pasntx nmxx peut ner. Ho onnm cneennxm, +ror saraount yuent ponncx n Mocxne, no pyrnm n Hcxone, no rpertnm eme re-ro. H cnyunnoct +ro ro nn n 1669, ro nn n 1670, ro nn n 1675 roy. Fpmc noome nmnn samerart cnet, sanyrtnart nme. Kora xe on ymep, ro onroe npemx tronann nerent o rom, uro Fpmc xnn, no ro nn npxuercx or nnacre, ornpannnmnx ero n cctnxy n ono ns oranenntx nmenn, ro nn or txnona, xoropomy on npoan ymy, no ne xenaer oranart. Cnonom, Fpmc nen cex rax, urot neopoxenarenxm nerue tno npnnncart emy xpamontnte mtcnn, rante crpacrn, a ro n nonce omenne c txnonontmn cnnamn. Oren Fpmca Innnem Poepr, nmenyemt na Pycn Bnnnmom Pomanonnuem, npnexan cnyxnrt Anexcem Tnmamemy, orny Herpa I, ns Bornannn eme n 1643 roy. H tn on ne nexapem, ne marom, a xpapenom noxxo n ocnyxnncx o nononxonnnxa. Cam xon roxe naunnan n noremnom nonxy mnoro Herpa, norom yuacrnonan n Asoncxnx noxoax, ntxasan peantnym cmenocrt n nonyunn narpay entramn n nomecrtxmn, xonx n ome cnoxnocrn sa nepnym cnyxy on nonyunn or Herpa onee 700. Onaxo noennax cnyxa ne npentcrnna monooro cnonnxnnxa Herpa. Vxe nepnynmnct ns Asoncxoro noxoa, on cocrannn xapry Poccnn, nenepoxrnym no rem npemenam. Horom on yer conponoxart Herpa n noesxax no Enpone n ram ynneuercx acrponomne n acrponorne. Cocrnenno, n cno snamennrt Kanenapt Fpmc cocrannr npexe ncero xax acrponom n maremarnx. B 1698 roy Fpmc axe nannmer xnnry Teopnx nnxennx nnaner, re nepntm ns pyccxnx yuentx yer nponnrart reopnm ncemnpnoro rxrorennx. Vnt, axe cran uenonexom seno yuentm acrponomom, maremarnxom, xnmnxom, noenntm nnxenepom, n naponom cosnannn Fpmc ocranercx uepnoxnnxnnxom, xonynom, coomnnxom txnona. Hpnnomnxr n ero nponcxoxenne ns mornancxoro xnana Fpmcon, utn npexn npannnn Bornanne cronernx nasa n, xax ronopxr, npoann ymy carane, urot yepxnnart nnacrt. Heapom nocne cmeprn Fpmca mocxnnun crann nepeanart ns ycr n ycra nereny o ero uepno xnnre, n xoropo on onncan cnoe marnuecxoe ncxyccrno n cexper neuno monoocrn, a ne pemnncx nnxomy noxasart, a rax n samyponan n crenax cnoe snamennro Cyxapeno amnn. Ha camom xe ene Fpmc oocnonancx n Cyxapeno amne noromy, uro nmenno sect cosann Hannranxym mxony yuenoe saneenne, neoxonmoe nx nororonxn yymnx mopexoon n mrypmanon. B npocropneme amne oopyonann ne rontxo xnacct nx sanxrn, ]nsnuecxym n xnmnuecxym naoparopnn, pannpnt xnacc, no n xnnte nomemennx nx yuennxon, xnnmnx na nonnom rocyapcrnennom xomre. Ha xptme amnn oycrponnn camym conpemennym acrponomnm n acrponxnm, net mopxxn ncxonn opnenrnponannct n mope-oxeane no snesnomy ney. Bo ncem +rom n npnnxn camoe exrentnoe yuacrne yuent n acrponom xon Fpmc. Tam on n oopyonan cno paoun xanner, a nnocnecrnnn n xnnte noxon, re ocranannnnancx, xora npnesxan n Hepnonpecrontnym ns nono, crpoxmecx no yxasy Herpa cronnnt Canxr-Herepypra. Ofpepakfupoean u onynukoean ua cafe : PRESSI ( HERSON )
Vnnna Cperenxa
Onaxo mocxnnun nocnpnnnmann ero sanxrnx nayxo no-cnoemy. H amnx na Cyxapenxe yopaxnna nx noopaxenne, ncenxx yxac. Ho nouam n amne ne racner cner xonyn- uepnoxnnxnnx rnxnr na neo n cnon yxacnte nosopnte rpyt. A ny xax ns-sa ero uepnoro nsrnxa snest c nea noctnnmrcx +ax net nnxomy mano ne noxaxercx n pyxner mnp! Cnonom, Fpmca ne npocro oxnnct nenannenn. Cyxapenxy crapannct oxonrt cropono, a ecnn nce xe cnyuanoct xpecrnnnct ncrono. He nomorno axe cocrannenne nyxnemero n xosxcrne noconx xanenapx, n xoem no cocroxnnm norot npecxastnaercx ypoxa n neypoxa xnea n ncero nponspacrammero xe onnctnamrcx remnepamenrt xaxoro uenonexa, cyx no romy, xro no xoroptm ns nenanarn neecntx snaxon ponncx. Hastnancx xanenapt npocrpanno: Hpesnamenonanne npemenn na ncxxn ro no nnaneram, nnn Hpesnamenonanne ecrn na xaxt ent no reuennn Hynt n 3onn. A ecnn xopoue: Kanenapt, nnn Mecxnecnon xpncrnancxn. Bnpouem, no ncex nocneymmnx nepensannxx (a ero nepensanann nnnort o nauana XX nexa) on nmenonancx npocro Fpmcon xanenapt. H mexy npounm, c cepennt XVIII nexa cran cront nonynxpen, uro na nexa cam xanp xanenapx nmenonancx n Poccnn npocro pmc. Hepnte na nncra Fpmcona xanenapx ntmnn n 1709 roy, nocnenne c noxcnennem n 1711 roy. Ha xaxt ent ram tn an ne rontxo pacxna nnaner n Hynt, no n conert no omamnemy n centcxomy xosxcrny, npecxasannx norot, nnoxoro n xopomero na ent, a ram axe paccxas o cornopennn mnpa tn, ny n, xoneuno, cnxrnt, no xoroptm xnnn. Eme ram coepxannct npecxasannx na ro, na ent n noome roro, uro cnyunrcx. H paspaoran xanenapt tn na 300 ner nnepe. Cnonom, +ror rpy cran nacroxme +nnnxnonene xnsnn. Hpana, cronr ormernrt, uro ne onn Fpmc npnnnman yuacrne n cosannn +roro rnopennx. B camom xanenape naneuarano, uro nsan on no naspennem Ero Hpenocxonrentcrna rocnonna renepana-nerenanra xona Bnnnmonnua Fpmca rmannem nnnorexapx Bacnnnx Knnpnxnona 2-ro max 1709 roa. ne cornn ner no +romy xanenapm nmn xnnn, napexann ere, npecxastnann noroy n cotrnx. Ho nemy raann na yymee, naunnann n saxanunnann ena n cenxn. Cnonom, on tn nacrontno xnnro. Hpana, x npecxasannxm ornocnnnct cxenrnuecxn. a n uro nsxrt c xanenapx, xoropt esanennxnnonno yrnepxaer, uro, nanpnmep, n ent 30 oxrxpx 1821 roa noxnnrcx na cner uenonex nennx? Hyrun mexy parnxmn cnonmn, xoropomy, necmorpx na xnopn renecnt, ctmyr cnany rpyt nenotmaemt, no xoropt, operx +ry cnany, ymper or xponnennx. Ho xaxono xe tno nsymnenne noromxon, xora onn nonxnn, uro nmenno n nasnannt ent ponncx nennxn nncarent ueop Mnxanonnu ocroencxn, onn ns nyumnx counnnrene cnoero npemenn, xoropt yer nncart ecrnnrentno rpyt nenotmaemt orpomnte pomant, yer onert n ymper or pasptna nerouno aprepnn n xponoreuennx ropnom. Hnn nor na npecxasannx XX nexa. Ha 1917 ro: Kpononponnrnax nona mexy npocnemenntmn napoamn cuacrnnnoe noonme ecrnnrentno, naunercx penonmnnonnax nona, no nouemy noonme cuacrnnnoe? a noromy, uro nce pannct sa cuacrte naponoe. A nor npecxasanne na 1998 ro: Bennxax nepemena nont opas npannennx cuacrnnnoe noonme ecrnnrentno, nepemena e]onr. H nont opas npannennx. Hy n onxrt noonme sa cuacrte napoa. onontno rouno cxasano, yunrtnax, uro Fpmc nncan +ro sa rpn nexa o cnyunnmerocx. Heapom Herp cunran Fpmca myxem nanmypemnm, nepntm coparnnxom n enax pe]opmaropcrna. Xant, uro napo npecrannxn Fpmca xonynom, c yxacom oxox cropono om uepnoxnnxnnxa na mocxoncxo Cperenxe. axe yuennxon Fpmc naxonn c rpyom. A xro snaer, nan t on rora ocrontx npoonxarene, moxer, n Poccnn tno t noontme cnonx Hocrpaamycon, moxer, onn cmornn t oxcnnrt nam namn yymne omnxn, urot mt ne enann nx?.. Hemypeno, uro c nerponcxnx npemen mncrnuecxax cnana Cyxapenxn rax n ne pasnexnact. H xorx n XIX nexe na Cyxapenxe nosnnxna camax uro nn na ecrt exax xnoaxa ropoa Cyxapencxn ptnox, n npocropeunn nmenyemt Cyxapenxo, xya no neuepam oxnnct saxaxnnart ne rontxo camn mocxnnun, no n ropocxax nonnnnx, nocxontxy rpaex n yncrna oxastnannct ram exenenntmn otuntmn ocroxrentcrnamn. Onaxo n rora mncrnxo-pomanrnuecxax cnana rex mecr ne ncuesna. Ho-npexnemy ocoo uyncrnnrentnte nmn nnenn ram npnspax ro camoro Fpmca n uepnom nname n crapnnnom nanypennom napnxe, ro ero nomomnnxon xonynon n netm. Koe-xro axe xnxncx n rom, uro npxmo n nee na amne nnen xpyxamnx na nomene netm, oconnno no 1 max, xora nacrynaer rnannt netmnn npasnnx Hout na Htco rope, nnn, no-sananomy, Bantnyprnena. Hy a +nrysnacrt no-npexnemy ncxann rnannoe coxponnme Fpmca uepnym xnnry, cnpxrannym n rantx nonanax, a moxer, n crenntx rannxax Cyxapeno amnn. B raxom xonrexcre nnonne onpananna ncropnx cnoca amnn yxe n 1934 roy. Bo-nepntx, ee cnocnnn nocne nnunoro nnctma Crannna. A xax nsnecrno, noxt napoon noome-ro pasnpancx n mncrnxe n axe rxroren x oxxyntrntm snannxm. ymam, on snan n o nerene cymecrnonannx mncrnuecxo uepno xnnrn, noromy uro nonenen cnocnrt Cyxapeny amnm ne at xax no yntosep, a pasnpart yxnantno no xnpnnunxy. Hpn +rom mnorouncnennte pnrat paounx cmenxnnct uyrt ne xaxt ent n ryr xe, Ofpepakfupoean u onynukoean ua cafe : PRESSI ( HERSON ) pac]opmnpontnaxct, nanpannxnnct na pyrne mecra paort. A nocne xaxoro paouero nx na ntxoe ncex rmarentno otcxnnann. Pyxononnn ncem cnencorpynnxn HKB, onxrt xe sannmanmnecx ne at uem, a cexperntmn nonpocamn marnuecxnx ncxyccrn. Onaxo cxont nn pasnpann amnm no xnpnnunxy (axe semnm npocennann), no nnuero, n yx rem naue nnxaxo uepno xnnrn ne namnn. Bor rontxo npana nn +ro, uro cront rmarentno ncxann? He paorann nn na nynnxy, a camn npn +rom crapannct cxptrt ro, uro ncxart n ne cneonano? Heapom xe ronopxr, uro cpen nasnparene sa paoramn tno necxontxo, xax yxe norom ntxcnnnoct, unenon ranoro parcrna Posa n Kpecr, nposnanntx n Enpone posenxpenepamn. Orxya n Mocxne npyr rant open ns annnx nexon, nensnecrno. Ho ne o nem ceuac peut, a o rom, uro na camom ene nocne cnoca nasemno uacrn Cyxapeno amnn ee nonant n ]ynamenrt ynenenn. O uem crano nsnecrno rontxo nnmt n name npemx, n 2006 roy, xora npn crponrentcrne nosemntx nepexoon no Cyxapencxo nnomatm tnn nponeent pacxonxn. Ho onxrt xe uacrnunte, tcrpte n mano erantnte. Kax yro yrnynxrtcx n ocneonanne ]ynamenra ne pexomenymr nexne mncrnuecxne ropocxne cnnt. uro x, ropo nnonne moxer xpannrt cnom rany. A nor +nrysnacron ncxarene coxponnm uepnoxnnxnnxa Fpmca n ero seno noraenno uepno xnnrn o cnx nop macca. Tax uro, ecnn ncrpernre n rom paone uenonexa n crapnnnom uepnom nname n nanypennom napnxe nerponcxoro npemenn, ne cnntno nyrarect. Bnonne nosmoxno, uro +ro ne cam noccranmn ns mornnt xon Fpmc, a ncero nnmt ror, xro xaxer ctcxart ero semnte n oxxyntrnte cexperno saxoponennte xnat. Ho npeannm, romy, uro oer xax xonyn Fpmc n noxox na nero nnxom, onn nnonne moryr orxptrtcx. Bor n poxr nonnxn uepnoxnnxnnxa-acrponora no nouno remnore. Haemrcx Hyeca cxnost npeun Vcaoa Iuuuuu, Mouuuo, Heuuoecuu paou Ho+ocuoeoa Hpana, ecrt yxasannx na ro, uro uepnax xnnra c cynyxamn, nanrtmn sonorom, naxonrcx nnxax ne n Cyxapeno amne, a n nomocxonno ycate Fpmca n Innnxax. Tam acrponom- xonyn nocennncx n 1726 roy nocne cmeprn Herpa I n cnoe nocneymme onant n xnn esntesno. Tam xe n ymep npn camtx saraountx ocroxrentcrnax. Herena rnacnr, uro xora Fpmc nocrapen, ro pemnn omononrt cex c nomomtm meprno n xnno not. Tontxo nx +roro rpeonanoct ymepert. Ho+romy Fpmc an nennte yxasannx cnoemy onepennomy cnyre uro n xax cneyer cenart. Ho yxasannm xonyna cnyra cpynn emy ronony nonmentm meuom n paspynn na necxontxo xycxon (yx npocrnre sa noponocrn). antme pasnte nerent paccxastnamr no-pasnomy. Hanonee npanonoonax nepcnx raxona: cnyra ncnyrancx coexnnoro. He npocro xe paspynrt uenonexa! Hy a xora cptsnyn reno, xax nenen xosxnn, meprno noo, noome yxacnyncx. Ho reno cpocnoct axe es mpamon. Bor rora-ro cnyra n nannxe n cexan ns nmennx. Xorx anee emy cneonano oxponnrt reno xonyna xnno noo, urot ror nonnocrtm oxnn.
Vcata Innnxn
Honxrno, uro nce +rn npncxasxn ocnonant na napontx noneptxx o meprno n xnno noe. Hy a Fpmc neuno +xcnepnmenrnponan n cnoe naoparopnn a cnepxncx no snesam. B cnoe nmenne Innnxn on ntnes ns Cyxapenxn n oopyonanne n nncrpymenrt. Tax uro n Innnxax ycrponn n naoparopnm, n ocepnaropnm. Heynnnrentno, uro uacrt ncropnxon n xnaoncxarene cunraer, uro coxponnma, marnuecxym nnnorexy n camy uepnym xnnry nyxno ncxart nmenno n Innnxax. Tem naue uro nmenno ram coxpannnoct npxmoe yxasanne na nonmente cnnt rpa]a Fpmca. B nmennn ecrt cxyntnrypa paxona, ouent yx rouno ntnonnennax. Xorx, xoneuno, xro snaer, xax +rn camte paxont ntrnxxr? Ho ecrt n nerena. Fpmc cymen ntsnart ns norycroponnero mnpa +ro mn]nuecxoe cymecrno, a xora ro orxasanoct ntnonnxrt ero npnxast, oparnn enoro paxona cnauana n xmepa, a norom n noome n xament. Cnonom, yxasannx na rante coxponnma, cnpxrannte n ycate, nmemrcx. Eme ncxarene npnnnexaer npy, na xoropom, xax yrnepxaer monna, mocxoncxn uapoe xarancx na xontxax nerom n na noxe snmo. Horomy uro ymen nerom samopaxnnart noy n ne, a snmo, nanpornn, ne pasmopaxnnart. Koneuno, ymente xnmnxn noxmyr nneuamn net raxoe npn onpeenenntx snannxx nnonne nosmoxno. Ceuac n xaxom ome croxr xononntnnxn, npexpacno samopaxnnammne ne n nerom. H nouemy t Fpmcy ne cnpoexrnponart raxym xononntnym xamepy? Hy a xax ne art noe samepsnyrt c nomomtm ocotx peaxrnnon, ceuac moryr nayunrt axe n mxone. Ho no npemena Fpmca nce +ro nocnpnnnmanoct xax xononcrno. Ho neyxenn ne tno n npaxrnxe Fpmca peantntx uyec rex, uro moxno tno t omyrnrt cxnost nexa? Koe-xaxne paccxast o raxonom nmemrcx. Ionopxr, uro Fpmc ocrannn noromxam ne rontxo yxpomennoro paxona, no n saxononannoro nyrnanoro opna na mnnne ycatt. Homnnre 3onororo nerymxa ns cxasxn Hymxnna? Tor npeynpexan cnoero napx o rpxymem Ofpepakfupoean u onynukoean ua cafe : PRESSI ( HERSON ) namecrnnn. Open xe Fpmca oxasancx xya cnntnee on ne npocro npeynpexan o cotrnn, no eme n yxastnan, uem eno xonunrcx. Tax, n xonne XVIII nexa ynpannxmmn ycatt nnmnncx n cnyxanxy npn rocnocxom nope. H onaxt, xora men mnmo opna na mnnne, ynnen, uro open epxnr n xorrxx orpomnym sonorym monery. Vnpannxmmn n pemnn +ro x orarcrny. H rouno xora on xnnyncx n norn nomemnxy (o 1791 roa ycato rax n nnaenn noromxn Fpmca) c npocto osnonnrt emy ntxynnrt enymxy, urot norom c ne onenuartcx, ro nonyunn cornacne. Ho rem npemenam +ro tno nennannoe eno. Bet no omemy npannny axe cnoont uenonex, xennnmncx na xpenocrno ennne, cam cranonnncx xpenocrntm. A ryr, ysnan npo monery n nanax nonmenoro opna, nomemnx npoan xennxy nenecry. 3ro nn ne uyo?! Ho ntmno axe eme nonmenee nomemnna, xopomo ornocxmaxcx x enymxe, ana sa ne npnanoe. Bor nam n entrn! Cnonom, axe ecnn +ro n ne xononcxoe uyo, ro nce panno yma Fpmca onxna trt nosnarpaxena sa raxoe. Bet ero nsenne nomorno nnmnenntm opecrn cuacrte. A naxanyne nanaennx ]pannyson n 1812 roy mnorouncnennte cnnerenn ynnenn n xorrxx poccncxoro, nycrt n nonmenoro, opna ]pannyscxoro xcrpea, cnntno norpenannoro n cxpmuennoro. Hy a uepes mecxn, xax nauanact nona, no Mocxne pacnpocrpannnoct npeanne nexon cam mocxoncxn uapoe npecxasan ]pannysam nopaxenne or nan poccncxoro opna. H net rax n ntmno n pano, xon Bnnnmonnu Fpmc! B 1815 roy y npannyuxn Fpmca E.. Mycnno-Hymxn-no-Fpmc (ne nyrart c Hymxnntmn; Mycnn-Hymxnn ror, uro orxptn pyxonncnym xemuyxnny Cnono o nonxy Hropene) ycaty ntxynnn xynen Hnan Vcauen, pasorarenmn na nncueymaxno orpacnn. Ho xnrt ram ne cran, a ncnontsonan nocrpoxn nx xosxcrnenntx nyx cnoe ]apnxn. H uro t nt ymann? Hpannntno, xononcxo ycate +ro ne nonpannnoct! H nponsnocrno Vcauena npnmno n nonnt ynaox. Vcaty Innnxn roxe npnmnoct npoart. Horom n cama ]apnxa ns nncueymaxno crana xnonxonpxnntno. H renept n ycaentx ]nnrenxx rxann n npxnn. Horom ]apnxy n ycaty ntxynnn xynen Konecon. Ho n emy ne cnesno nomep xynen. Hy a ycata oromna ero cynpyre xynunxe. Ocmorpen ycaty, Konecona npnmna n nencroncrno noxpyr crpannte xamennte ]nrypt, npoe roro xe paxona. Crent yxpament ypanxnmn crpamntmn macxamn, ny a n napxe noxpyr oma, na annexx n npn nannntonax ronte myxnxn c aamn, npo xoroptx ronopxr, uro onn xaxn-ro ram rpenxne orn c ornntxamn. Kaxn ornntxn onn cpam xpyrom! Cnonom, xynunxa npnxasana ncm +ry cpamnym cxyntnrypy pasponrt a n ncnontsonart npn crponrentcrne nnornnt na nporexamme pxom pexe Bope. Hpana, nexoroptx mpamopntx enox c napnxmn pacxonornrt ne yanoct. Tora nx saptnn. C rex nop n crann rnopnrtcx crpannocrn ro Bopx ns eperon xntner (a net rnxax tna pexa), ro ns-no semnn n cay cront cntmarcx. Mecrnte crann noronapnnart, uro n ne cxyntnrypt ro tnn nonce, a xnnte nmn, saneprte xonynom Fpmcom n mpamop-xament. H nor renept rex eonar n semnm xnntem saxonann onn n mamrcx. Hy a n onepmenne xo ncemy cran cam rpa] ype-xynunxe cnnrtcx. Cnonom, Konecona ns ycatt cexana. B 1902 roy ]apnxa noome pasopnnact, rax uro ]nnrenx n pyrne nocrpoxn Fpmcono ycatt ocrannct es npncmorpa. Hy a n penonmnnm, nonxrno, nce, uro eme ocrananoct, noome pacramnnn. Ho n 30-x roax n ycate ycrponnn om ortxa, a c 1948 roa canaropn Monnno. Koneuno, ocoo orpecranpnponart Innnxn canaropnm ne na uro. Hy xort n nopxox npnnenn n ro nano. A nor +nrysnacrt n mecrnte xpaenet orxptnn n Monnno myse .B. Fpmca. Paoraer no nocxpecentxm npnesxare nornxert, xax xonynt-ro xnnn. Vxe n xonne XX nexa +nrysnacrt nponenn nonoxannm ]ynamenra ycatt Fpmca. Btxcnnnoct, uro no ]ynamenrom ecrnnrentno ecrt nonte xamept (xomnart, xopnopt, rannxn?), n xoroptx nmeercx cxonnenne npemeron ns meranna, epena n crexna. Cxopee ncero npemert ns naoparopnn Fpmca. Ho nor cneon xnnr noxa ne onapyxeno. Bnpouem, nce nnepen. Cymecrnyer nerena, uro, xora n ycaty xnnrcx ncrnnnt nacnennx (n ne no xponn, a no enam) Fpmca, emy n pyxn nce n acrcx. A o rex nop Fpmc nce cnoe neuartm saneuaran mano nn xomy n xax saxouercx pacnopxnrtcx ero nacnecrnom n napaorxamn. A ny xax onn rontxo npe nce +ro npnnecer? Marnuecxoe nacnecrno ono xe nenpecxasyemo Hacm, o1uepnmmne ne-npeun Vuuua Cnapmauoecuaa, 2/1 Onrarenn omon, nnsnexamnx x +romy xpacnnomy sannm oxono merpo Faymancxax, yxe anno npnntxnn x nesnaxomnam, xoropte noonry croxr y oma ns crapnnnoro xpacnoro xnpnnua na Pasrynxe. Koneuno, y oma ecrt apec: Cnapraxoncxax ynnna, 2/1. Ho ero no-npexnemy sonyr om na Pasrynxe. uro sa Pasrynx raxo? Herenapnt mocxoncxn rpaxrnp, a no-crapomy xaax, pasne ne nomnnre? Orxptr on tn eme ax n XVII nexe, no na +ro ynnne (nnpouem, rora ynnnt eme ne tno, a tn Hoxponcxn rpaxr) oocnonancx re- ro n 1750-x roax n npocymecrnonan eme ontme nexa nnnort o 1860 roa.
om na Pasrynxe
Ofpepakfupoean u onynukoean ua cafe : PRESSI ( HERSON ) Kax nanncan conpemennnx, nocernnmn Mocxny n XVII nexe: Hepe ropoom ecrt y nnx omeocrynnoe xpyxano, cnanxmeecx nonoxamn, n ne ncera naropontmn; onaxo co cnocrnenntmn mocxonnrxnam yonontcrnnxmn. V nnx npnnxro ornonrt mecro paxnnuantm ne n camo Mocxne nnn npemecrte, a na none, at ne y ncex tnn na nny esopasnx n pyrant ntxnuyr Koneuno, ne ncem nomnnrt mecra ropocxnx xaaxon. Ho apec Cnapraxoncxax, 2/1 nsnecren n camtm nnrennnrenrnemnm nmxm. Horomy uro +ro snamennrax ycata Mycnntx- Hymxnntx. Kpacanen om c nnymnrentno xononnao n npnnerammnmn xort n mentmnmn, no roxe xpacnntmn nocrpoxamn n npncrpoxamn nosnen Marne ueoponnu Kasaxon ror camt npocnannennt apxnrexrop Mocxnt, uro crponn sannx Cenara n Mocxoncxom Kpemne, ynnnepcnrera na Moxono n Fnaroponoro copannx (n conercxoe npemx nepenmenonannoro n om Comson) n Oxornom Pxy.
om na Pasrynxe, nn csan
Ipa] Anexce Hnanonnu Mycnn-Hymxnn (17441816) no+ry Hymxnny npnxonncx antnnm pocrnennnxom n nmen c nnm omero npexa. Cam xe Anexce Hnanonnu roxe tn uenonexom ne nocnennm nsnecrntm rocyapcrnenntm exrenem, ncropnxom, conparenem crapnnntx pyxonnce. 3ro on namen opnrnnan pyxonncn Cnona o nonxy Hropene. Onaxo coxpannrt ne cymen. Bo npemx rpannosnoro noxapnma Hepnonpecrontno, n xoropym nroprnnct nocxa Hanoneona n 1812 roy, xemuyxnna pyccxo nnreparypt cropena. Tax nor rpa] tn xenar na Exarepnne Anexceenne Bonxoncxo. Hy a ra ne rontxo npoonxana cnannym ]amnnnm Bonxoncxnx, no n npnxonnact nnyuaro nnemxnnnne mocxoncxomy uapoem Fpmcy. Ho nerene uepnoxnnxnnx nsroronnn nx +ro monoo napt uapoente uact, xoropte onxnt tnn noxastnart yymee, ecnn no nnmn ncrart. uact +rn nomecrnnn na ynnuno crene oma, at n mocxnnun mornn nocnontsonartcx npecxasannxmn. Pasne nnoxo ncrart no uacamn n ynnert ro, uro npecronr ree n Tnoem Bpemenn? Onaxo nocnontsonartcx nonmentmn uacontmn npopouecrnamn nnxro ne cymen. To nn cam rpa] Mycnn-Hymxnn, ro nn ero nacnennxn orxasannct sannarnrt Fpmcy. Tora on n cepnax n nocxnnxnyn, npoxnnnax cnom paory: Hycxa orntne +rn uact noxastnamr rontxo nnoxoe! Xopomee npemx xo mne yer, a ryr nycrt rontxo ne-npemx ocranercx! H crano no cnony uapoex. uact nepecrann noxastnart npemx npannntno. Te, xro oxastnannct no nnmn y oma na Pasrynxe, ynepxnn norom, uro npoxonnn no uacamn ncero-ro no nape cexyn, a norom ntxcnxnoct, uro yx n ent npomen. To ecrt uact ntxaunnann ns nme nx npemx n nepeanann ero xya, xomy? Heyxro nenactrnomy xonyny Fpmcy? A uro xonynt, onn raxne, nm uyxoe npemx naono A norom n nonce samernnact crpannocrt. Hepe namecrnnem Hanoneona n 1812 roy mpamopnax ocxa, na xoropo xpennncx uacono mexannsm, nannnanact xponantm nnerom, npopoua xpont, rnent n npoune necuacrtx ropoxanam. To xe cnyunnoct n nepe penonmnne 1917 roa. Ecrt cnnerentcrna, uro axe nepe nauanom Bennxo Oreuecrnenno na crene oma noxnnnnct cnet xponn. uact Fpmca npopounnn ey. Bnpouem, Fpmca nn? Conocrannm art. xon Bnnnmonnu Fpmc ymep n 1735 roy. A Mycnn- Hymxnn cymen ponrtcx rontxo cnycrx 9 ner. To ecrt saxasart uact uapoem nnxax ne mor. Panno xax n ro, uro ymepmn Fpmc ne mor ntnonnnrt saxas. Orxya xe nomna nerena? Hs nyx ncrounnxon. Bo-nepntx, na Pasrynxe nepno nononnnt XVIII nexa ecrnnrentno croxno necxontxo omon, n xoroptx xnnn noromxn mocxoncxoro uapoex. H mexy npounm, noromxon tno mnoro. Hanpnmep, nnemxnnnx Fpmca xnn n nenrpe Mocxnt ram, re ceuac Fpmcon nepeynox. A no-nroptx, cynpyra Mycnna-Hymxnna ecrnnrentno nmena ornomenne x poy Fpmca. Ho orxya xe nsxnnct camn uact? Bnyuxa rpa]a Anexcex Hnanonnua Mycnna-Hymxnna Co]tx Memepcxax pacxptna cemenym rany. Oxasanoct, uact ycranonnn na ome nocnnrarent rpa]cxnx ere ]pannyscxn aar Cmpmr. On tn opasonanntm n npocnemenntm uenonexom, cosan yuennxn no ncropnn, mn]onornn n ]pannyscxo nnreparype. H xax ncnomnnana norom Co]tx, xora uact ycranonnnn, na Pasrynx crann crexartcx ronnt napoy nonmonartcx na nennannym n Mocxne nxonnny, a n nonent cma npnxonnn uaconmnxn co ncero ropoa cnepxrt rounoe npemx. Ho neyxenn mocxnnun uacon ne nnenn?! Hnn +ro cosanne rexnnxn ecrnnrentno tno raxnm yx neotuntm? Ceuac, xoneuno, rpyno cynrt. Ho nccneonarenn ymamr, uro +ro tnn ne mexannuecxne nn]epnarnte uact, a conneunte. K romy xe ne npocro noxastnammne npemx, no n cnyxnnmne neuntm conneuntm xanenapem. Boxpyr nx crepxnx, xoropt n sanncnmocrn or nonoxennx connna noxastnan ro nnn nnoe npemx, tnn ntnrt nenonxrnte otuntm nmxm acrponornuecxne n oxxyntrnte snaxn, nn]pt, nepoxrno nsxrte ns nymeponornuecxnx cnmnonon npemenn. Cnonom, mocxnnuam nce +ro xasanoct ranncrnenntm n saraountm. Hy a nce saraounoe crpamnr. K romy xe xenot or crepxnx n ero xpenexa cnnsy nanomnnann xpecr, ny a cama uaconax mpamopnax ocxa tna noxoxa na neprnxantno ycranonnennt rpo co cpesanntmn, xax y omonnnt, yrnamn. B omem, rnxx na nxonnnxy, tno oruero nonepnrt n marnuecxym cnny crpanntx uacon. Ofpepakfupoean u onynukoean ua cafe : PRESSI ( HERSON ) Mncrnxa ycyrynxnact eme n rem, uro, no noneptm, xpecr uacon yxastnan, n xaxo cropone craptx ynnn moxno ctcxart xna. H net npoonann ncxann! Koneuno, nnxro nnuero ne naxonn. Ho nnora, ne nax, cxonnn c yma. Xanocrt-ro, ona n ne o raxoro oneer. Onaxo nocne penonmnnn npocrte ropoxane oparnnn nnnmanne nnacre (naponax nnacrt net onxna tna nmcrn nnrepect npocrtx mocxnnue), uro n annom paone nenonxrno nouemy nponcxonr orpomnoe xonnuecrno camoyncrn. Cnonno nce, xro npoxnnamr n sone crpanntx uacon n axe npocro npoxoxr no nnmn na ynnne, nnaamr n uepnym menanxonnm. Ta pasnnnaercx n cnnpom esnaexnocrn, ny a orrya n o cynnna ncero mar. Bor nnacrn n pacnopxnnnct crepxent cnxrt, snaxn na ocxe cxonort, ny a camy ee saxpacnrt. Onaxo ecnn nornxert na creny oma no onpeenenntm yrnom, ro saxpamennym ocxy eme onro norom moxno tno pasrnxert. Hy a nepe nono, na pyexe 1930-x n 1940-x roon noxnnnnct crpannte nsnecrnx. xot npxmo ns crent oma no uacono ocxo npemx or npemenn noxnnxmrcx myxunnt, oerte no crapnnxe n apmxxax n noenax. Onn n ynnnennn rapamar rnasa, ncrono naunnamr xpecrnrtcx, yro ne nonnmamr, re ouyrnnnct. Hnora xnnxmrcx n monoyxn n pasnonnerntx capa]anax, cnonno yuacrnnnt ancamnx napono camoexrentnocrn. Ho, ynnen, re ouyrnnnct, nnaamr n nannxy n naunnamr ronocnrt. Bcex +rnx nenecrt orxya nsxnmnxcx rocre cronnnt sanpann n mecrnoe orenenne mnnnnnn, ny a orrya onn nonaann n HKB, orxya yx nnxro ne nosnpamancx. Kem onn tnn, +rn nmn? Hpnmentnamn ns npomnoro, nepememennamn n npocrpancrne? Ho rora npnxonrcx npnsnart uact ne-npemenn oxasannct nacrontxo cnntntmn, uro axe nocne ynnuroxennx yxnrpxnnct enart cnoe eno nepememart npemena, cosanax Henonxrnoe npemx. H orxptnancx ouepeno nopran npocrpancrna, xonx rax mnoro n name mncrnuecxo Mocxne. Tnept-xontno n nsnec-xontno Xnsnt nepnynact rax xe ecnpnunnno, Kax xora-ro crpanno npepnanact. na ro xe ynnne crapnnno, Kax rora, n ror nernn ent n uac. B. Hacmepuar. Oocueuue
Hrax, nce rpn xontna, o xoroptx mocxnnun npnntxnn ronopnrt, na camom ene ne tnn samxnyrt. Kpemnt n nonce rpeyrontnnx. Knraropocxne crent npecrannxnn coo nonyxpyr co cropont Kpacno nnoman. a n snamennroe Fyntnapnoe xontno, nosnnxmee na reppnropnn paspymenntx cren Fenoro ropoa, oxastnaercx samxnyrtm rontxo snmo, xora na Mocxne-pexe craner ne. Ho tno xe n ncrnnnoe oxontnenanne! Xorx ceuac mano xro noome snaer raxoe nasnanne 3emnxno ropo. A nor nmenno ero crent n crann nepntm peantntm xontnom noxpyr Mocxnt. Cxopoou 3eunnnon ropo 3e+uauo eau Caoeoe uououo 3ror samnrnt semnxno nan c epenxnntmn crenamn n amnxmn (34 amnn cpannnre c ncero 20 amnxmn Kpemnx) tn ntcrpoen noxpyr Mocxnt n camom xonne XVI nexa npn ueope Hoannonnue (nropom ctne Hnana Iposnoro) nocne naera xptmcxoro xana Kast- Inpex II. Hepe nanom ntptnn ontmo n rnyoxn pon, sanonnnn ero noo ns Mocxnt- pexn n oxpecrntx peuymex. B nenrp ropoa c reppnropn, nomemnx n uepry 3emnxnoro nana, moxno tno norn rontxo uepes nopora cren Fenoro ropoa, o xoropom yxe mna peut. Ceuac nopor, ecrecrnenno, ner. Ho nexoropte nx nasnannx coxpannnnct n ropocxo rononnmnxe. 3ro n re camte nerenapnte Hoxponcxne nopora, Hnxnrcxne n Aparcxne (ntne +ro nasnannx nnomae, xoropte opasonannct nocne cnecennx nopor) n pyrne. Hecmorpx na cnom ontmym nporxxennocrt n cnoxnocrt nocrpoxn, ooponnrentnoe coopyxenne 3emnxnoro ropoa tno cosano sa onontno xoporxoe npemx c 1592 no 1593 ro. Bet oxnancx nont naer xptmcxoro xana. a n sanante cocen ne pemann. Tax uro pyccxne macrepa nocrapannct n na +ror pas oomnnct eso ncxxnx samopcxnx apxnrexropon. B napoe 3emnxno ropo axe nastnann Cxopoomom sa pexopnoe npemx nocrpoxn. Ho ne cronr ymart, uro nan nosnonnn na nycrom mecre. Ha +rnx reppnropnxx, xort n ne nxonnmnx n uepry ropoa, nspenne pacnonarannct oxpecrnte epennn, monacrtpcxne reppnropnn, uyrt nosxe crann nosnnxart n pemecnennte cnoot. Bpemx nosnnxnonennx pemecnenntx cnoo moxno npocnenrt no ncropnn ono ns camtx snamennrtx ynnn Mocxnt nerenapnoro Apara. Cunraercx, uro ero nasnanne nponsomno or apacxoro cnona paar, ro ecrt npemecrte, npnropo. Koneuno, no npemena sanncnmocrn Mocxnt or optncxnx xanon +ro nosmoxno. Bor rontxo nepnoe ynomnnanne Apara n neronncxx raxono: Horopen concem na Opare Hnxn]op Facen-xon. Kro on raxo renept ne ysnart. Ho nanncanne Opara uepes o ronopnr n nontsy ne apacxo nepcnn ero nanmenonannx, a o uncro pyccxo. H ne Opar on nonce a Iopar, noromy uro n pente] mecrnocrn n nepenaax or nnsnn o xonmon, n cama ynnna nsnnnncra. o xonna XIV nexa ncx +ra reppnropnx noome nastnanact Bcnontem. 3ro ronopnno o rom, uro ona ne tna sacenena, a npecrannxna uncro none, ro camoe, o xoropom ncera ynomnnamr pyccxne cxasxn, xora ronopxr, uro ntmen, nanpnmep, repo Kontxa-Iopynxa (uyncrnyere cosnyune ropar ropynox?) n uncro none snart cnoero Kontxa. ecrnnrentno, xya x nrn cxnnxart marnuecxoro nomomnnxa? ne n nenrp xe, a rontxo na oxpanny, noantme or nmontrntx nmcxnx rnas. Onaxo roparcxoe Bcnonte neonro naxonnoct es ynorpenennx. Vxe n nepno uerneprn XV nexa ero sacrponnn n sacennnn macreponte n pemecnennnxn, ocnyxnnammne nennxoxnxxecxn nop. Ha Apare n oxpecrntx emy ynouxax oocnonannct re, xro ocnyxnnan xnxxecxne xonmmnn: xysnent, ceentnnxn, yseunnxn, ntryntmnxn n pyrne. Orcma ncx cnooa n tna nasnana Konmmenno. Koneuno, oma crponnn tcrpo n neoporo ns epena. Orcma nocroxnnte noxapt, xax, nnpouem, n no nce cronnne, n ro npemx roxe epenxnno. Hy a no npemena Cmyrt, 20 mapra 1611 roa, nect Cxopoom (oma n crent) noome tn coxxen nontcxnmn nocxamn. Boccranonnnn ero rontxo cnycrx rpnnart ner n 1641 roy, yxe npn nape Anexcee Mnxanonnue (armmxe Herpa I). Hpn +rom crent oxnarnnn eme ontmym reppnropnm, a amen crano ax 57. H mexy npounm, camte onacnte cropont or rarapcxnx naeron (Cepnyxoncxne n Kanyxcxne) cenann xamenntmn. Tora xe n yxptrne 3emnxnoro nana nomno n 3amocxnopeute, o roro ne nxonnmee n reppnropnm 3emnxnoro ropoa. Xnrenn Ofpepakfupoean u onynukoean ua cafe : PRESSI ( HERSON ) paona sa Mocxno-pexo axe nposnann nactnt, naxonen-ro n nx yxptnmym, Tneptm. Tax n nonyunnoct rnept-xontno. na nexa 3emnxno nan samnman mocxnnue. Bnpouem, yxe x cepenne XVIII nexa onermann ne rontxo epenxnnte crent, no n opymnnnct xamennte. Tax uro n 1783 roy mocxoncxn rnannoxomanymmn, renepan-ryepnarop rpa] 3axapn uepntmen npnxasan cptrt n pasopart 3emnxno nan, npenparnn ero onxrt xe n sony npomenaa nx ropoxan. Bnpouem, npemena tnn cnoxnte, n o cptrnx nana eno rax n ne omno. Cnauana ne xnarnno ener, norom nauannct Hanoneononcxne nont, ny a norom Fonanapr n noome n namy Hepnonpecrontnym cam noxanonan. Hy +ro nsnecrno xax noxanonan, rax n orxanonan. A nor y 3axapnx uepntmena, xpome cnecennx nana, tna n eme ona saymxa ntcrponrt sanne, nyxnemee ropoy pesnennnm ropocxoro ronont. H n 1782 roy uepntmen ntcrponn na Tnepcxo ynnne, 13 nopen mocxoncxoro renepan-ryepnaropa. H cronr samernrt, uro na ero nnxnn +rax nomen xament pasnpaemtx n ro xe npemx cren Fenoro ropoa. Tax uro rpannnx nannno. He snaere, uro sa nopen raxo? Henpana! 3anne Mocconera conercxnx npemen, a ntne sanne Mocxoncxo m+pnn nepe namxrnnxom Rpnm onropyxomy snamr nce. A nor re, xro npouryr xnnry antme, ysnamr n o ananrmpntx npnxnmuennxx, n o mncrnuecxo noonnexe, c xoropo cnxsano +ro sanne. Ho noxa peut ne o nem, a o 3emnxnom ropoe c ero nanom. Bo npemx rpannosnoro noxapa 1812 roa nan, xax, nnpouem, n nourn ncx Hepnonpecrontnax, ntropen nauncro. Hy a nocne nont, no npemx paor no noccranonnennm ropoa c 1816 no 1830 ro nan tn noome cptr, pon sactnan, a nnaentnen omon, croxnmnx nont craporo nana, oxsann pasnrt na cnonx yuacrxax cat. uro onn n cenann nectma oxorno. Tenept nonnmaere, uem eno xonunnoct? Koneuno xe Caono ynnne n ee npoonxennem no xpyry, ro ecrt ntnemnnm Caontm xontnom. Hmenno ono n crano HEPBIM ecrnnrentno samxnyrtm xontnom namero ropoa. Kauep-Konneacxnn nan Mocuoecuue sacmaem Cneymmnm xontnom cran rax nastnaemt Kamep-Konnexcxn nan. Onaxo +ro xontno nn npn nepnonauantno nocrpoxe, nn npn nocneymmnx ocrpoxax-pexoncrpyxnnxx nnxora ne xnnxnoct samxnyrtm noxpyr Mocxnt. Bet +ro tnn npocro semnxnte nactnn noxpyr ropoa na rex mecrax, re n ropo nxonnn ocnonnte rpancnoprnte oporn. H +ro tno ne ooponnrentnoe coopyxenne, xax crent Fenoro nnn 3emnxnoro ropoon, a ramoxennoe, cosannoe n 40-x roax XVIII nexa. Cnonom, nsnec-xontno octmnanaroro cronernx. Ha xaxo opore tnn ycranonnent sacrant, at conpart nomnnny n ne nponycxart neosnonennte ronapt. Ouent tcrpo noxpyr neontmnx nomemenn sacran noxnnnnct n noconte crpoennx, a rnannoe xaaxn c nocroxntmn nopamn, re xaxt nesxammn mor nepenouenart nnn nooxart cnon rpyst, sanastnammne n nyrn. Hy yx o xaaxax na sacranax nce nacntmant. o 1754 roa na +ro ramoxenno rpannne ropoa cymecrnonano 16 sacran no ncem rnanntm oporam. Horom nx crano 18. H xorx ramoxennt ocmorp n 1750-x roax tn ormenen, no saro nneen nacnoprnt xonrpont, xoropt npononna nonnnnx. C cepennt XVIII nexa sacrant crann ]axrnuecxn ormeuart rpannny ropoa. A n 1806 roy ona tna nponeena sect o]nnnantno. Hmena ocnonntx sacran snamr nce: na Tpexropnom nany (ceuac Vnnna 1905 roa) tna Tpexropnax sacrana (nosxe snamennrax ]apnxa Tpexropno many]axrypt nerenapnax Tpexropxa), na Fyrtpcxom Fyrtpcxax (orcma, nonxrno, Fyrtpxa), ny n anee sacrant Hpeopaxencxax, Poroxcxax, Cemenoncxax, Kanyxcxax, oporomnnoncxax n pyrne. Kaxoe nasnanne ncropnx!
Mocxna n rpannnax Kamep-Konnexcxoro nana. 1836 r.
Hy a nouemy cam nan tn nasnan Kamep-Konnexcxnm? A noromy, uro npn Herpe I tnn yupexent Kamep-xonnernn (ceuac cxasann t mnnncrepcrna). Kamep-xonnernx sannmanact ynpannennem rocyapcrnenntmn oxoamn, n rom uncne n copom nanoron, xax ronopnnn noare. Vxe rora cunranoct, uro cne yupexenne cosano nx conmennx panencrna mexy noarxmn n sanncnmocrn or yponnx noymntx oxoon. Bona eme c xaxnx nop nnacrn npeepxamne saornnnct o panencrne! A mt n ne snann. Tenept nor snart yem. A eme snaere, xaxona tna ocnonnax ]ynxnnx crpaxe na sacranax? Hpornxert no noanntm ymaram xro nmeer npano na ropronnm noxo n Mocxne, a xomy ne nonoxeno ee nnosnrt. Hmenn npano rontxo orxynmnxn, ro ecrt re, xro sannarnn noarn sa orxyn raxo ropronnn. Cnonom, orcnexnnanne noouno ropronnn n rora cunranoct ocnonno ]ynxnne rocyapcrna. Bor nx +roro n nosnenn 18 sacran n nactnann nan nnno n 37 xnnomerpon. Ofpepakfupoean u onynukoean ua cafe : PRESSI ( HERSON ) Boxpyr nana c oenx cropon ouent tcrpo pacnnonnnct xaaxn ne rontxo na sacranax, no n npocro no naonocrn. A naonocrt, xoneuno, nmenact. Xorx axn o rom, cxont nxo napo nnn n xaaxax, ontme npnyxpament. Otuno myxnxn nnnn, xora ntptnannct na ropr ns cemenoro nnena. Ho noome-ro axa o nceome poccncxo ntxnxe +ro axa. Hamn npexn n paorart nnonne ymenn. Hnaue xax t onn ntnenn Poccnm n nauane XX nexa n camym pasnnnammymcx epxany mnpa? Ho xoneuno xe n xaaxn cnon mncrnuecxne nerent n xnsnt Mocxnt nnocnnn. Ho net uero cntxny ne npnnnnrcx? Macno n oront nonnnano n ro, uro nmenno sa crent Kamep- Konnexcxoro nana nnacrn npnxasann ntnecrn nce xnanma. Bcnomnnm xorx t Hpeopaxencxoe, Poroxcxoe, Cemenoncxoe. Honxrno, uro noxpyr nana paccennnact rontrta xomy x cennrtcx na oxpannax? Hy n nauannct pasopxn, pasonnuante. Hy a re pasnte npecrynnnxn c npecrynnennxmn ram n uro? Koneuno, rmptmt. Bor Fyrtpcxax rmptma n nam ncem nsnecrna. Bexa nepexnna, moxno cxasart. Hemypeno, uro no Mocxne xonnn nerent n o pasonnxax Maptnno pomn, n o npnspaxax Hpeopaxencxo nnn Hsmanoncxo sacran, re otuno xnnxnnct crpentnt, nexora yunnnnmne ynr cynpornn Herpa Bennxoro. A nor na Cemenoncxo sacrane oxnnncx concem crpannt npnspax. H net yxe sacrant-ro anno ne tno. Cam nan cptnn eme n cepenne XIX nexa. Ho nor reppnropnx Cemenoncxoro ornnunnact n n XX nexe. Mo1op n npnnnenne Hpocneum Byeuuoeo, 16 Boxpyr Cemenoncxo sacrant nsanna cnoxnnact Cemenoncxax cnooa, re rnanntm cran Cnoocxo npoes. B 1922 roy ero nepenmenonann n npocnexr Fyennoro n uecrt eccrpamnoro penonmnnonnoro mapmana-noenauantnnxa. C 1912 roa sect pasmemannct xopnyca sanoa (cnauana conmecrnoro poccncxo-]pannyscxoro, a norom n poccncxoro), xoropt renept nocnr nasnanne Canmr nmenn M. upynse (onxrt xe conercxoro noenauantnnxa) n nmeer apec npocnexr Fyennoro, 16. 3ano +ror nsnauantno ntnycxan npoyxnnm camtx ntcoxnx rexnonorn cnoero npemenn annannonnte nnrarenn-moropt. A nor nmenonancx onontno cxasouno sano Inom. B 1912 roy on tn ]nnnanom ]pannyscxo ]npmt Inom-Pon. H nonauany nnrarenn sect nnmt conpannct, a nce erann nocrannxnn ns upannnn. Ho nor rontxo onn nocroxnno saepxnnannct n nyrn, a uacrentxo oxastnannct noome nexauecrnenntmn. Hx npnxonnoct ononrt o yma yxe na camom Inome npyunym. H rora nnxenep-pnxannn ueop ueoponnu (no-nnomy Teoop Teooponnu n axe Ienpnxonnu) Kanen n 1911 roy nsroronnn na ase moropon Inom cocrnennt annannonnt morop K-60. uepes napy ner yconepmencrnonan ero. a rax yauno, uro nce nerunxn ormernnn, uro ero moropt, ycranonnennte na camonert, onaann onee ntcoxnmn +xcnnyarannonntmn xauecrnamn, uem ]pannyscxne. Tax nauanact ncropnx annannonntx nnrarene n moropon Poccnn. Ho n anpene 1913 roa nepnt poccncxn xoncrpyxrop annannrarene ymep n camom pacnnere cnn. Emy ncero-ro tno 47 ner. H nor n nexax Inoma crann noronapnnart ne ycnoxonncx xoncrpyxrop, xnnxercx npnrnxert sa nponsnocrnom. Koneuno, +ro tno ontmoe onymenne. Bet na camom ene Kanen ontmym uacrt paort nponen na sanoe Morop n Pnre, re tn connaentnem n npexropom. Ha mocxoncxom xe sanoe ero nnrarenn rontxo oentnannct, cpannnnaxct c ]pannyscxnmn. Ho, nnno, paounm tno npnxrno yrnepxart, uro xoncrpyxrop n nocne cmeprn neuercx o cnoem ernme. Hy ne npannnoct nm ]pannyscxoe pyxonocrno. Xorenoct noropnrtcx cnonm, poccncxnm moropom. Hocne penonmnnn sano cran Canmrom, no npoyxnnx ero no-npexnemy nennnact nenepoxrno ntcoxo. Pasnnnammemycx nponsnocrny nonaonnnct nonte nnoman. H uero anexo xonrt? Hpxmo pxom naxonnact reppnropnx craporo Cemenoncxoro xnanma. Hpana, o nem nmenact ncropnuecxax namxrt. Opasonanoct ono xax pas nocne nactnn semnxnoro Kamep-Konnexcxoro nana rora tno pemeno ntnecrn sa ero xontno mocxoncxne xnanma. Bor n y Cemenoncxo sacrant tcrpo coopynnn norocr. B ocnonnom xoponnnn sect cnyxnnt nm conar n mnamnx o]nnepon, nocxontxy neanexo tn He]oproncxn noennt rocnnrant. Hocne Oreuecrnenno nont 1812 roa cma cnesnn naennte no Mocxne rena ]pannyscxnx saxnarunxon. Vxe n XX nexe cxopnte pxt nononnnnnct remn, xro tn ynr no npemx penonmnnn 1905 roa paounmn Kpacno Hpecnn. Hy a ram noocnena Hepnax mnponax nona n Oxrxptcxax penonmnnx. H nce nnecnn cno nxna n nononnenne Cemenoncxoro xnanma. Onaxo nnacrn mano xora ornnuannct nourennem x oreuecxnm rpoam. Tax uro n 1930-x roax uacrt reppnropnn xnanma (nont ynnnt Cemenoncxn Ban) pemeno tno orart no npomtmnennte nnoman sanoa Canmr. Becno 1935 roa na xnanmencxnx noporax ntnecnnn oxnnenne o rom, uro nexponont saxptr n saxoponennx sanpement. Koe-xax cponnxn mornnt c semne, na nx mecre cnemno nosnenn nonte nexa n anrapt. H n onom ns nnx pasmecrnncx ontrnt nex nx ncntrannx annannonntx nnrarene. H nauanoct nenonxrnoe. Paoune, ocrammnecx n nounym cmeny, crann xanonartcx na nenonxrno xax nosnnxammn nnnxn crpax, rononoxpyxenne n ont, na ro, uro onn uyncrnymr ute-ro nocroponnee n nyrammee npncyrcrnne. omno o roro, uro nmn crann orxastnartcx ntxonrt n nounym cmeny n nepecxastnann pyr pyry neenxmne ymy ncropnn o ncrpeuax c npnspaxom. A noromy, menrannct paoune, uro nex +ror nocrponnn npxmo na xocrxx. Knanme tno ryr. Bor noxonnxn n mcrxr. He nmxr onn, xora nx rpenoxar! Hpana, n opranax noymann nnaue. Kaxne npnspaxn, xora noxpyr nonno nnocrpanntx mnnonon, xaxymnx ntneart n yxpacrt rexnnuecxne cexpert Crpant Coneron?! a n cocrnenntx npenrene n crpane macca. Heoct rpnmnpymrcx no npnspaxon n ntramrcx copnart paory no ncntrannm nontx nnrarene. Hponcxoxmnm sannrepeconancx HKB. Pemeno tno nopyunrt pasnexy ontrnomy ronapnmy xommynncry co craxem n noromcrnennomy paouemy, xoropt, xcrarn, n 1920-x roax n cam paoran n uK, Hnany Cepreennuy Xpanony. B arax annte necxontxo pacxoxrcx. Ecrt sanncn, uro paccneonanne nauann n exape 1939 roa, a ecrt uro necno 1941-ro. Cxopee ncero, npocro eno nnranoct menenno, noromy uro ro, uro ntxcnxnoct, ne nesno nn n xaxne nopora. Honxrno, uro o TAKOM npocro oxnnct onoxnrt nauantcrny. Xpanona nepenenn n ncntrarentnt nex, on nosnaxomnncx c paounmn n cran ntxonrt exypnrt n nounym cmeny. Honauany nnuero noospnrentnoro ne nponcxonno, no nor na Ofpepakfupoean u onynukoean ua cafe : PRESSI ( HERSON ) ncntranne nocrynnna nonax moent moropa. B nepnt xe ent, npoxox no nexy, nnnmarentnt Xpanon ycntman cannennt n ncnyrannt ncxpnx. Monoo napent, croxnmn y ncntrarentnoro crena, npyr noenen n menxo sarpxccx. uro raxoe? mernyncx x nemy Xpanon. Ho napent yxe npnmen n cex. Hporep rnasa n npomenran: Hnuero rax noxasanoct uepes napy uacon noxnmunnn morop na pyrom ncntrarentnom crene. Ho rontxo on nauan paorart n noomemn paoun nontrancx ynennunrt momnocrt, xax morop nspenen, a ncntrarent cxnarnncx sa ropno. Hoexanmn Xpanon noxnarnn paouero, ntraxct ysnart, uro nponcxonr. H ror, nyraxct, cxasan, uro, ena on copancx sanycrnrt morop na ontmym momnocrt, nexro nennnmt cxnarnn ero sa ropno. K neuepy sanycrnnn morop na rpertem ncntrarentnom crene. H cnona, ena paoun na crene nontrancx ynennunrt momnocrt, ero roxe nexro nennnmt cxnarnn sa ropno, ntraxct nomemart ncntrannxm. 3ro tn yxe xnnt caorax n, xoneuno, npenrentcrno. Xpanon pacnopxnncx, urot ncntrannx npononnn na onom crene. Ferart no ncemy nexy tno ne xo npemenn. A npenrenx cneonano cxnarnrt sa pyxy c nonnuntm. Ho crpannte cnyuan npexparnnnct. Onaxo noutm nponsomno nonoe uH. Xpanon ocrancx n nexy c onnm moropncrom. Hoomna nonnout. Inasa y craporo paouero crann saxptnartcx, n ryr npyr on ycntman nxn rpoxor nnrarenx, sa nnm nonnoe monuanne. Ho xax nnrarent mor samonuart?! Xpanon c rpyom pasnennn nexn n ynnen nenepoxrnym xaprnny: cren paoran nxonocrym, a y crent pannct noe moropncr nouno cment n nexro enect, nourn npospaunt. Hentcoxax ]nrypa, cete nonoct n raxne xe yct. H +ror npnspax ntrancx orronxnyrt moropncra or ncntrarentnoro crena, na xoropom nxonocrym xpyrnncx morop. Xpanon xnnyncx x moropncry na nomomt. Hyxno orronxnyrt nocroponnero enecoro, a norom n cxpyrnrt +roro npara napoa. cno xe, uro +ro nponnxmn n nex npenrent, a moxer, n mnnon. Bor rontxo pyxn Xpanona npomnn cxnost enecym ]nrypy. H cam npnspax pacrnopnncx n nosyxe. H n +ror mnr nnrarent, nsntn na crene, npyr satmnn. H moropncr, n Xpanon nspornynn n nxom ncnyre ecnn t +ror morop sanycrnnn na nonnym momnocrt, on t nsopnancx. H rora noxaneunn t n Xpanona, n paouero. Btxonr, npnspax, ne an +roro cenart, cnac nm xnsnt. On uro xe, nonnman, uro morop nencnpanen n nsopnercx?! Hayrpo Xpanon onoxnn nce npnmememy uenonexy ns opranon. Tor, xoneuno, ntcnyman. Ho rontxo nneuamn noxan. C ono cropont, ne onepxrt sacnyxennomy paouemy-uexncry n xommynncry co craxem y nero ne tno ocnonann. C pyro mano nn uero moxer npnmepemnrtcx uenonexy n nospacre xort cro pas sacnyxennomy Koneuno, Xpanon nouyncrnonan, uro nept emy ner. Horomy cam nomen no nauantcrny n npenoxnn nepenponepnrt copxy n xomnnexrannm moropon nono cepnn. Btxcnnnoct nopasnrentnoe moropt c paxom. Mnoro ne n noue yman norom crapt paoun a net npnspax ne npocro rax ponn no ncntrarentnomy nexy n ne anan paounm nxnmuart nencnpannte moropt na nonnym momnocrt. A ny xax onn t nxnmunnn nx nce? H nme n nex pasnecno t npeesrn A onaxt n sanocxo mnorornpaxxe crapnx narxnyncx na crarexy o nnonepe moropocrpoennx n ynnen pasmtrym ]ororpa]nm c nonnctm ueop Kanen. Axnyn a n xnnyncx x moropncry, c xoroptm exypnn y crena n ry poxonym nout. Moropncr nornxen n npncnncrnyn: Inxn-xa, on! Hnxomy ne cxastna! samenran crapnx Xpanon. Monun! He nonepxr. 3aracxamr eme Btxonr, npany cxastnann crapte paoune npo ro, uro nnxenep n nocne cmeprn xonrponnponan ntnycx cnonx nnrarene. Bor n orpaxan nme or cmeprn. Henpana +ro, uro ymemne ncera ntramrcx nanaxocrnrt xnntm. uame onn xax pas ntramrcx yepeut rex, xro ocrancx. Ocoenno re, xro npn xnsnn tnn xopomnmn nmtmn. Horomy n npoptnamrcx ns cnoero npemenn n name. A xax nnaue? Bce mt mocxnnun. H npemx y nac ono mocxoncxoe. Mnc1nxa opor Hoes ymen. Hactnt uepna. Ie x opory nnortmax pasoyy? Heysnanaemax cropona, Xort x n cyrxn rontxo orcma. 3amep na mnanax nxsr uyryna. Bpyr uro sa nonax, npano, npnuya? Fecronout, xymymex nepecyt uro nx nonyran sa carana? B. Hacmepuar. Onmi eecua
Hrax, nacrano npemx rexnnuecxoro nporpecca. Pyex XX nexa ormernncx nenepoxrno ypntm nxoxennem nayuntx orxptrn n rymy xnsnn. Inanntmn crann, xoneuno, +nexrpnuecrno n rene]onnax cnxst. Hmenno +rn na ]axropa +nexrpnuecxoe ocnemenne n npononax cnxst n nosnonnnn nosnecrn noxpyr Mocxnt peantnoe xenesnoe xontno. na aenesnmx xontna naseunoe n noseunoe Mauoe uououo Mocuoecuo xeuesuo opoeu; Kououeeaa uuuua Mocuoecuoeo +emponouumeua Koneuno, xenesnte oporn cymecrnonann yxe mnorne ecxrnnernx. Hepnax Hapcxocentcxax, coennxmmax Herepypr c saropono napcxo pesnennne n Hapcxom Cene, tna orxptra eme n 1837 roy (mexy npounm, ncero mecrax n mnpe). Bcne sa ne xenesnte pentct norxnynnct no nce crpane. Ho nor urot xenesnym opory crponnn nx Ofpepakfupoean u onynukoean ua cafe : PRESSI ( HERSON ) nyx onoro ropoa, a yx rem naue ononnn em ropo rax, urot moxno tno oexart ero no xontny, +ro tna aconmrno nonax nex, a sa ne n nonnomenne. Crponrentcrno nauanoct 3 anrycra 1903 roa. H nepnt yuacrox Oxpyxno oporn tn nocrpoen yxe nerom 1904 roa. 3naere, uro +ro tno? Heperon or Hanenenxo nnnnn. Cama +ra nnnnx nastnanact Pxsano-Vpantcxo n tna nocrpoena eme pantme x xonny XIX nexa, a ee rnannt noxsan Hanenenxn (rora nmenonanmncx Caparoncxnm, no n rom ropoe naxonnoct ynpannenne +ro oporo) tn orxptr n 1900 roy. Hy a Oxpyxnax opora nporxnyna cno nepnt neperon or Hanenenxo nnnnn o crannnn Kanarunxono. Bnnmanne! He nyrart c Kanarunxono aue, ro nmt c ncnxontnnne, o xoropo nen nesanennt Bnanmnp Btconxn, xort ncnxnarpnuecxax ontnnna N 1 n naxonrcx pxom (nocrpoena n cepenne XIX nexa). Crannnx xe Kanarunxono coxpannnact o cnx nop (Kanarunxoncxn npoes, 6) nyx+raxnoe xopnunenoe sanne, ontme noxoxee na repem c entmn nannunnxamn, om oxounxa n na xnntx oma nx paornnxon crannnn. Bor xax crponnn na nexa. Heynnnrentno, uro nmenno c +ro crannnn n nauann pecranpannm Mocxoncxo Oxpyxno oporn (Manoro xontna) n name npemx n 2002 roy. H renept crannnx paoraer. Bcm xe Oxpyxnym Mocxoncxym opory orxptnn n 1908 roy. Crannn rora tno rpnnanart. Ho nx naccaxnpon tnn orxptrt enxrt: Hnxoopt, Cepepxnt Fop, Boennoe Hone, Kanarunxono, Koxyxono, uepxnsono, Fenoxamennax, Bnatxnno n Bopotent Iopt. Bce orpomnoe samxnyroe xontno rxnynoct na 54 xnnomerpa n oxnartnano reppnropnm Mocxnt n onacrn (oxono 85 xnnomerpon). Orcuer crannn naunnancx or Hnxonaencxo (norom Oxrxptcxo, ntne Hennnrpacxo) xenesno oporn n men no uacono crpenxe. Mocxoncxne rasert cpasy xe crann neuarart pacnncanne nnxennx noeson. Hena sa npoes tna onontno ntcoxo (20 xoneex sa neperon). Tax uro npoxarnrtcx, oexan ncm Hepnonpecrontnym c npnropoamn, ntmno t 3 pynx 40 xoneex. Vunrtnax, uro sapnnara paouero cocrannxna npnmepno 20 pyne, nx ocnonno macct ropoxan +ro tno neocrynnoe yonontcrnne. Tax uro nnxaxnm cnpocom naccaxnpcxne nepenosxn ne nontsonannct. B xonne cenrxpx 1908 roa ntxcnnnoct, uro naccaxnpt sannarnnn ncero 132 pynx. H noromy Manax Oxpyxnax Mocxoncxax xenesnax opora tcrpo nepemna na ronapnte rpysonepenosxn nx nyx ropoa. Onaxo nor npomen nex, n ceronx mt nnont opamaemcx x nee Oxpyxno xenesno oporn. Ceuac n ne 12 ecrnymmnx rpysontx crannn. H xort xontno nce ro xe 54 xnnomerpa, no c yuerom npnmtxammnx nerox n noesntx nyre xenesnoopoxnoe nonorno paspocnoct yxe o 145 xnnomerpon. H +ro BTOPOE nocne Caonoro 3AMKHVTOE xontno noxpyr Mocxnt. TPETIE 3AMKHVTOE xontno nmeer cnom neotuanym cnenn]nxy. Ono ne nasemnoe, xax nce o nero, n samxnyrte, n ne samxnyrte, ono nosemnoe. Haemct, nce yxe nonxnn, xoneuno, +ro Kontnenax nnnnx Mocxoncxoro merpononnrena. Kro ocoo nnrepecyercx mncrnxo merpo, orctnam x nepno xnnre Mocxna mncrnuecxax. A ceuac nac nnrepecyer rontxo xontno. Kontnenax nnnnx merpo orxptnact ne npas. 3aymana ona tna eme n 1930-x roax npn crponrentcrne nepno nnnnn mocxoncxoro merpo (or Coxontnnxon o Hapxa xyntrypt). Ho norom tna nona, paspyxa n noccranonnenne. Tax uro o Kontneno nnnnn crponrenn opannct rontxo n xonne 1940-x. Hepnax ouepet Kontneno or Kypcxo o Hapxa xyntrypt orxptnact n 1950 roy. Bropax or Komcomontcxo o Fenopyccxo nauana nepenosxn uepes na roa. A n 1954 roy merpoxontno samxnynoct, npox or Kpacnonpecnencxo o Knencxo n coennnnmnct c Hapxom xyntrypt. Mexy npounm, nauantnym cxemy Mocxoncxoro merpononnrena yrnepxan nnuno ronapnm Crannn. Hpoexrnponmnxn n cnonx nepntx nnanax nnxaxo Kontneno nnnnn noome ne npeycmarpnnann. Hanpornn, npenarann panantnte nnrn. Ho ronopxr, Crannn, ntcnyman +ror panantnt nnan pasnnrnx merpo, neonontno nocmorpen na ueprex. H npyr neoxnanno nocrannn na cxemy xo]enym uamxy, xoropym epxan n pyxe. Bor nam rnannt neocrarox! nporonopnn on. B nnane ner enncrna xontna. Ero n nocrpore! Hmenno no+romy, cornacno nerene, Kontnenax nnnnx nensmenno nsopaxaercx na cxeme merpononnrena Mocxnt xopnunentm xo]entm nnerom. Hpana, orxptnn Kontnenym nnnnm yxe nocne cmeprn nyumero pyra conercxoro merpo. Ho npoexrnponart nauann saonro n no ero uyrxnm pyxonocrnom. Eme ronopxr, uro Crannn pemnn xontnenart nnnnn merpononnrena ne no npnxorn nnn nanrnm o neoxonmocrn xontneno crpyxrypt nasemno n nosemno Mocxnt on npouen ne re-nnyt, a n pyxonncn cnntnemero mocxoncxoro xonyna nerenapnoro uepnoxnnxnnxa xona Fpmca, o xoropom mt yxe ronopnnn. Crannn nnuno osnaxomnncx c remn pyxonncxmn Fpmca, uro ocranannct n cexperntx apxnnax. Coxpannnnct oxymenrt, re oren napoon nacrannan na rom, urot Mocxny n antme crponnn n coornercrnnn c acrponornuecxo xapro, cocrannenno nexora Fpmcom. H axe, xora rpannosnoe nosemnoe crponrentcrno sanepmnnn n 1950-x roax, onapyxnnoct, uro nonm Fpmca n Crannna nce-raxn ntnonnnnn. Ha Kontneno nnnnn nocrponnn nenanart crannn no uncny snaxon sonaxa. H ntmno nor uro: crannnx Kypcxax rouno coornercrnonana nepnomy snaxy sonaxa Onny, Tarancxax Tentny, Hanenenxax Fnnsnenam, optnnncxax Paxy, Oxrxptcxax Htny, Hapx xyntrypt ene, Knencxax Becam, Kpacnonpecnencxax Cxopnnony, Fenopyccxax Crpentny, Honocnoocxax Kosepory, Hpocnexr Mnpa Boonem, Komcomontcxax Ptam. axe ecnn erno nsrnxnyrt na +ry pacxnaxy, cpasy nnnrcx ee npanora. Ta xe Komcomontcxax ntxonr ax na rpn noxsana, ro ecrt nmn, xax ptxn, pacnntnamrcx no nce xonnt. Honocnoocxax npnnanexnr Kosepory camomy ynepromy, xoncepnarnnnomy snaxy, ne nmxmemy nepemen. Tax n ntmno nmenno na +ro crannnn nosxe ncex nocrponnn nepecaount ysen. Or nononneenn ona crapanact yepxartcx o nocnenero. K romy xe Kosepor snmnn snax, na nero npnxonrcx Hont ro. Bor n crannnx ropnr nocneuenno mosanxo, xax enxa pasnonnerntmn ]onapxmn. H nn onoro raxoro o]opmnennx nn na xaxo pyro crannnn ner: net Hont ro ennnunt npasnnx roa. Hy a Fenopyccxax (nonn-Crpenen) yxpamena nsopaxennem nonncxo cnant. ena, ooxammax pasnneuennx, nmeer n cnoem pecypce nmenno Hapx xyntrypt. K romy xe ena Ofpepakfupoean u onynukoean ua cafe : PRESSI ( HERSON ) cunraercx camtm nnrennnrenrntm snaxom sonaxa rax uro ne npocro napx, no nmenno xyntrypt. Hy pasne ne oxxyntrnax cxema? Mano roro, uro +ro xontno cymecrnyer no semne, rax ono npxmo-raxn nactmeno mncrnxo. Heapom na Kontneno nnnnn merpo ontme ncero neoxcnnmtx cotrn. Eme t, xontno cpeoroune nosemnoro mnpa ropoa. Hpaxrnuecxn nce naccaxnpt, uro nyremecrnymr nmenno no +ro nnnnn merpo, roront nornepnrt noesxn sect camte rxxente, nacrpoenne naaer axe y camtx sansxrtx onrnmncron. 3ect ncera ymno n rpyno tmart. Tonna nannpaer ocoo xecrxo. Ha crannnxx neuno nenonxrnte snyxn. uacro mepemarcx n pasnte nnennx. Heapom nmenno no +romy xontny xonr noes-npnspax mocxoncxoro merpo. Henepoxrno, no ]axr xyrxn noes ncrpeuano mnoro nme. Kaxt mecxn 30-ro uncna no Kontneno nnnnn merpo nponocnrcx, npnropmaxnnax y nepponon, +ror mncrnuecxn cocran. Haccaxnpt n nem cnxr nnn croxr ne menoxnynmnct. He cntmno nnxaxnx snyxon, ne nnno nn onoro nnxennx. Otuno nepn +roro npnspaunoro noesa ne orxptnamrcx. a n ontmnncrno peantntx naccaxnpon, oxnammnx na nnar]opme, noesa-npnspaxa ne nnxr. Ho ncxnmuennx nce xe naxoxrcx. Hanepnoe, +ro nmn, onaammne ocoo pasnnro ncnxnxo n nexnmn +xcrpacencopntmn nosmoxnocrxmn. Mncrnxn ronopxr, uro +ror nonnount noes neser ocotx naccaxnpon rex, xro norn na npoxnaxe n crpoxax merpononnrena. Kro snaer, cxontxo napoa sactnano semne npn npoxoxe crannn, cxontxo ymepno or ncromennx n nsmorannocrn na ro crpoxe xommynnsma? Cnauana, uyrt ne npyunym, nanpxrax nce cnnt, ncnontsyx saxnmuenntx, xax cxornny, utx xnsnt nnuero ne cronr, crponnn n 1930-x roax nepnoe merpo or Coxontnnxon o Hapxa xyntrypt, norom nosnonnn nosemnte nopnt nocne nont, yxe n 1950-x. H onxrt nourn es nomomn mamnn, na nmxx, xax na rxrnono cnne. Cxontxo xe crponrene n npoxnaunxon nornno! H ymecrnnnct nn onn n onn noes, nnn no Kontneno nnnnn ponr rtma raxnx noeson-npnspaxon, n xoroptx o cnx nop, xax n eccmeprno nenre Menyca, xpyrxrcx sarynennte ymn, ne naxox noxox? Kcrarn, nouemy +ro nponcxonr na Kontneno nnnnn? Orner npocr Kontnenax coennena nepexoamn co ncemn pyrnmn. Ona cpeoroune. Tax re xe xonrt noesy-npnspaxy, urot oxnarnrt nce crannnn merpo, xax ne no nosemnomy xontny? Ho net n ropoxanam re esnrt? Kontno ocnonnax marncrpant nosemxn. Hopran, npnnnmammn ne rontxo conpemenntx naccaxnpon, no n xpanxmn re-ro n nepax cnoe namxrn naccaxnpon Beuntx, nancera ocranmnxcx na crpoxax rex yapntx conercxnx nxrnnerox. H sanomnnm TPETIE 3AMKHVTOE xontno ropoa. Be1onnme xontna cxopoc1n Mocuoecuaa uououeeaa aemo+ouuouaa opoea; 1pemoe mpaucnopmuoe uououo Bex cxopocre nocrpeonan cxopocrnte marncrpann. cno, uro epeno, xament, xeneso nx +roro yxe ne ronnnct. Ha nomomt npnmen xenesoeron marepnan XX nexa (xorx na camom ene on, xax ranem xenesa n erona, npnyman eme n 1861 roy). Mocxna paspacranact, n ee rpancnoprnte nponemt rpeonann pemennx. Inannoe, nyxno tno pasrpysnrt ncropnuecxn nenrp meranonnca or rpansnrnoro rpancnopra, cneymmero uepes Mocxny nnn n pyro xonen Mocxnt. Bor rora-ro n cepenne 1950-x roon n tno nauaro nocrpoenne Mocxoncxo xontneno anromonntno oporn (MKA) uerneproro 3AMKHVTOIO xontna noxpyr Mocxnt. Boome-ro snaroxn nomnxr, uro npoexrnt nnan n nauano crponrentcrna npnmnnct eme na pyex 19301940-x roon. Ho nona npepnana +rn nnant. H nosnnxna MKA no+ranno rontxo n 19501960-x roax. Ceuac nnna xontna nourn 109 xnnomerpon. Ha nem 76 mocron n nyrenponoon, n rom uncne n mecrt ontmnx mocron uepes Mocxny-pexy. Bnpnna MKA paccunrana na ecxrt rpancnoprntx nonoc no nxrt n oe cropont. Tenept opory nocroxnno pexoncrpynpymr n ynyumamr. Ho nce ynyumennx nyr no npnnnnny nesanennoro B.C. uepnomtpnna: Xorenn xax nyume, a nonyunnoct xax ncera. Tpancnoprnax nponema xax n ocranact nponemo. Hy a npoxn na MKA anno crann npnrue no xstnex. He pemnno rpancnoprnym nponemy n eme ono anromonntnoe xontno, ntcrpoennoe n xonne 1990-x nauane 2000-x roon, Tperte rpancnoprnoe. Ero nponoxnnn n uepre ropoa, n mxno uacrn ono axe ner napannentno Oxpyxno opore n nmeer rpn ronnenx He]oproncxn, Kyrysoncxn n Iarapnncxn. Omax nnna Tpertero rpancnoprnoro xontna (TTK) 36 xnnomerpon, a ronnenn sannmamr 5 xnnomerpon. Ono n crano nxrtm 3AMKHVTIM xontnom noxpyr namero ropoa. Hrax, notroxnm. Bcero noxpyr Mocxnt ntxnnnoct cemt xonen: Fyntnapnoe xontno (ne samxnyroe); Caonoe xontno (nepnoe samxnyroe); Kamep-Konnexcxn nan (ne samxnyr); Oxpyxnax xenesnax opora (Manoe xontno Mocxoncxo xenesno oporn nropoe samxnyroe); Kontnenax nnnnx merpononnrena (rperte samxnyroe xontno); Mocxoncxax xontnenax anromonntnax opora (MKA uerneproe samxnyroe xontno); Tperte rpancnoprnoe xontno (TTK nxroe samxnyroe). H o uem +ro moxer ronopnrt ntrnnnomy ymy? Her, ne o rom, uro xort n ecrt cemt xpyron, no nce panno ne nporn, ne npoexart xpyrom npoxn. Cemepxa uncno marnn. 3sorepnxn cunramr, uro nmenno 7 orpaxaer nocrnennocrt mnpa, nxnmuammero ne nnocracn mnpa xnnoro (nn) n mnpa ranoro, nanaxenuecxoro (Hann). 3ro uncno semntx ran n coxponnm ncnomnnre cemt uyec cnera. Ho +ro eme n uncno ran Kocmoca n Bpemenn (7 npanxmnx nnaner n ne neenn). A raxxe n uncno rapmonnn n xpacort (7 nneron payrn, 7 nor). 3ro uncno neunoro yuennx, nocrnxennx, no rax n ne pacxptrnx cymecrna rant. Tax n ropo, oxontnonannt cemtm xontnamn, emy cyxeno neuno crpemnrtcx x uemy-ro, enart, cosanart, nosnanart, no rax n ne nosnart. Bcnomnnm, Herepypr ropo pesyntrara. Mocxna ropo cmemennx ncero co ncem n xaxoro c xaxtm. A npn raxom pacrexannn no peny xora eme pesyntrar namernrcx!.. Onaxo npn raxom neunom nnrarene ecrt n camax nonoxnrentnemax cropona. Cemepxa +ro rpn nnmc uertpe. Hn]pa ne napnax. A nor noctmepxa 4 n 4 nn]pa napnax n noxxax. A eme snaere, uro raxoe noctmepxa? 3ro nenra Menyca saxontnonannt nepeneprtm, ns xoroporo nentsx ntpnartcx. Taxax nenra mopox. Kaxercx, uro nonnmaemtcx nnepx, na Ofpepakfupoean u onynukoean ua cafe : PRESSI ( HERSON ) nont nnrox, a rnxnmt, n onxrt oxastnaemtcx na rom xe mecre, a ro n nonce cxartnaemtcx nnns. Honyuaercx, namemy ropoy eme cnntno nonesno. Oxontnonannt cemt pas, on napamnnaer +neprnm. Xort n rparnr ee uacro saspx, no nce panno nonnmaercx nnepx no nyrn pasnnrnx. H or crarnannn ero xax pas n orenxer orcyrcrnne eme onoro xontna noctmoro. Tax, moxer, yer nyume nocrponrt noxpyr nero ne eme ony xontnenym opory, xax ceuac npenaraercx? Eme ono xontno nponemt ne pemnr. Moxer, nao ncxart xaxoe-ro nnoe pemenne rpancnoprntx nponem? 3aro n marnuecxom nnane cemt xonen noxpyr Mocxnt npnamr ropoy nenepoxrnt marnuecxn norennnan. Xopomo +ro nnn nnoxo? 3ro xax nornxert. Marnuecxne xontna necyr nenepoxrnym +neprnm. Cemepxa noranxnnaer ropoxan na snanne, nosnananne. Kaxt ent neoxonmo ysnanart neuro nonoe, npnuem ne naxno uro nonocrn nnanerapnoro macmraa nnn npocro ropocxne cnnernn. Bce npnronrcx. H nepno: xro nnaeer nn]opmanne, nnaeer mnpom. Ham ropo nancnntnemn nnannntnt marnuecxn xoren. He noromy nn cma pnyrcx rontxo nyumne cnnt co nce crpant? Ho Mocxna nepennannxer ne rontxo cytt, no n npemena. He noromy nn sect nenmonepnoe xonnuecrno nopranon npemen nocroxnno orxptnammnxcx, x romy xe aconmrno nexonrponnpyemtx? Houemy rax? A noromy, uro omee npemx cnaraercx ns npemen orentntx nme. A mocxnnun, samorannte nepennanxamn n ropocxo cyero ronopnnno cronnnt, npaxrnuecxn yxe ne nmemr nnunoro npemenn. Honyuaercx, onn cnoe-ro npemx ne xonrponnpymr. Kya yx nm xonrponnponart npemx ropocxnx nopranon? Bor n noxnnxmrcx na namnx ynnnax n nnomaxx crpannte nnunocrn, nenonxrnte nesnaxomnt, nyramrcx npemena n nepexoxr pyr n pyra. 3romy cnococrnyer n eme onn ]axrop: nxrt samxnyrtx xonen. Hxrepxa uncno ornenno crnxnn, cnooonmnno n nenpecxasyemo. 3ro uncno nmontrcrna, xaxt nneuarnenn, npnxnmuenn n pncxa. Ona rxner nme x ananrmpam, tcrpomy ooramennm, nosyxnnaer na pasnte neoxnannte ntxoxn. Hxrepxy nastnamr nennxnm nocnxrnrenem. Ona nocnxrnr nac no uro yrono norom ne xanyrect. Heapom nam ropo nepemener ncex. Hpnnnnn nxrepxn nce nnn nnuero. ennsom moxer crart noronopxa: nan nnn nponan. Ona yer rpeonart xaptepnoro pocra, racxart n nyremecrnnx, rnepnrt, uro xnrt nao no nonno nporpamme or paccnera o saxara. A norom n ncm nout. Cnonom, nnepe n c necne! H ecnn y nac ne xnarnr na raxym xnsnt +neprnn, ona npocro ntxnner nac na oounny cnoero nxroro xontna. Hxrepxa rpeyer noe. Heapom onnmnncxnm cnmnonom crann nxrt xonen. Koneuno, cxaxyr, uro +ro cnmnon nxrn xonrnnenron. Ho +ro nxrepxa asapr, pncx, ycnnnx na rpann ncex nosmoxnocre n noea. Taxona n xnsnt n conpemenno Mocxne. Or nepnoro xontna oopont (3emnxno nan) ona nepexonna xo nropomy xontny omennx n enontx cnxse (Kamep-Konnexcxn ramoxennt nan). Bopana n cex semnym +neprnm rexnnuecxo nnnnnnsannn (Oxpyxnax xenesnax opora) n nosemnym +neprnm (Kontnenax nnnnx merpo). Hapana cxopocrn na MKA n TTK. Hxrt nn]pa pasnnrnx, nnxennx n nmontrcrna, onaxo n napamerp nenpecxasyemocrn, neycrounnocrn. Hamn nxrt samxnyrtx xonen yxe ne oxpanxmr ropo, xax mornn t, nanpnmep, uertpe (4 ycrounnocrt). Ho nxrt xonen, xax nxrt nyue saraouno snest, rxnyr n nxrt pasntx cropon. He noromy nn conpemennte ropoxane ne moryr onpeennrtcx n cocrnenntx xenannxx, xaxyr nce nnn nnuero, ne ro uro ne saorxct, a axe n ne saymtnaxct o pesyntrare. Cnonom, cncrema oxpannrentnoro xpyra nepecrana paorart. Ho urot ne norn npasnoc, cncreme nyxno xax-ro ntnycxart nap. Bor nx +roro n xopomn na nesamxnyrtx xontna. He noromy nn mocxnnun o cnx nop cront rporarentno ornocxrcx x cnonm yntnapam n nomnxr o pacnonoxennn pennnx sacran, uro Fyntnapnoe xontno n cert ynnn, nasnanntx nanamn, nosnonxmr ropoy samenxrt crpemnrentnt er no nxrn samxnyrtm xontnam? Hy a npemx saropmaxnnaer +ror esymnt er no-cnoemy onxrt-raxn cosaer noprant, at nepememart rxryune npemena npomnoro co crpemnrentntm paserom nacroxmero. Orcma n re xe xnnennx crpanntx rocre n ranncrnenntx nesnaxomnen. Iopo n npemx xpannr nac, nepasymntx. Bet mt camn nrncnynn cex n nxrt ananrmpntx xonen. Bnpouem, xro snaer, moxer, nam cyxeno nmenno crart nanamn n nonyunrt nce, a ne nnuero. Moxer, raxax xpyroneprt xnsnn n npemen saymana cntme? H moxer, ecnn mt paccmorpnm rant cnoero ropoa n ero saraounte mecra, mt cymeem nonxrt uro-ro naxnoe? Haunem, noxany. Hac1t n1opan Hy1n npeuen Oc1anxn npeuen, nnn Hepc1ent Mnposannn Bt ocrantrect. Bam sa mnom He nrn. Tyman rnyox. yy, saxpomct mrnom Hyrt neneom n anex B. Xooaceeu:
Ceronx npn cnone Ocranxnno nosnnxaer enncrnennax acconnannx xpynnemn renenenrp n Enpone, utx reneamnx sannmaer nxroe mecro no ntcore n mnpe. Bnepen Ocranxnncxo amnn rontxo neocxpet Fypx-Xann] (ya), Heecnoe epeno Toxno, reneamnn n Iyanuxoy (Knra) n Toponro (Kanaa). Hpn1naenne seunn Vuuum Apeyuoecuaa, 12; Hauepa, 7 u p. e paoue Ocmauuuuo Kasanoct t, paorart n raxom npecrnxnemem mecre ono yonontcrnne. H nnpany, nonauany nmn pnyrcx na renennenne xort onnm rnasxom nsrnxnyrt. Ho nor saxantxa: notnan n nmom ns nomemenn cryn Ocranxnno, nouemy-ro norom ncera n ncem paccxastnamr, cxont ram nexom]oprno orpomnte xopnopt naronxmr crpax, xaxercx, uro n nnx sanynmtcx pas n nancera, npnrnymennt cner n nepexoax nanenaer crpannym rocxy n rpenory, naxptnammne uenonexa npxmo-raxn c ronono. Bxox n renenenrp, nmn otuno yntamrcx, no na ntxoe nn onoro ne ro uro yntammerocx cnoxonoro nnna ne ncrpernmt. Kaxercx, nce, xro ntneraer ns pasntx sann nenrpa, necyr n ropo rpenory, Ofpepakfupoean u onynukoean ua cafe : PRESSI ( HERSON ) cymxrnny, nexym mncrnuecxym xyrt. a ram axe npemx ner no-cnoemy ro ocranannnnaercx, ro nernr crpeno. Cxontxo npomno nenonxrno. Kya ymno- pacnnecxanoct nensnecrno. Omymenne npemenn noome repxercx, ocrannxx n yme uenoneuecxo nyrammee omymenne neycrounnocrn, nenpecxasyemocrn n noome xaoca antneme xnsnn. Paoune, cnyxamne, nxropt, axrept nce, xro rpynrcx n Ocranxnne, xoneuno, cctnamrcx na nepnosnocrt paort, nocroxnnym nepnorpenxy, neunym xponnuecxym ycranocrt, rononnte onn n enpeccnm, xanymrcx na ro, uro nx xnsnt cnonno cxnraercx na xocrpax ncxyccrna. Ho nouemy rora onn ne xorxr ntpnartcx ns +ro cnoe samxnyro xpyroneprn, pasnennamme nx xnsnn? Houemy o nocnenero ocramrcx na cnonx mecrax, epxct axe sa nnoxo onnaunnaemym paory na nepnax, no nce panno n pyrom mecre cex nnxax ne nnxr? Houemy n xonne xonnon axe re, xro ynonnncx ns Ocranxnna, myunrentno rxxeno npnntxamr x nonomy mecry paort, a uacro n npocro rax esxr nornxert na cnom amnm? Bce +ro rnernopnoe npnrxxenne menansneca n macc-ncxyccrna, cxaxyr onn. 3ro npocro noronx sa nsnecrnocrtm xort na uac, a eme sa ontmnmn axamn, npnconoxynxr pyrne. Ho neyxenn nmn moryr ne opamart nnnmannx na rxxenoe camouyncrnne n nepnnoe ncromenne? A na crpannte mtcnn, xoropte naunnamr ponrtcx n ronone, na nxne uyncrna, naunnammne paseart ymy, onn roxe ne opamamr nnnmannx?! A mtcnn n paone Ocranxnna nmemr nectma rparnuecxn orrenox. Crarncrnxa camoyncrn ram nenonxrno ntcoxa. H net ne nensneunmo ontnte xonuamr c xnsntm, a nnonne nopmantno o roro xnnymne nmn. To ecrt xnn uenonex cee n xnn. H npyr an! n ner ero. H cnoco yxoa ns xnsnn y ncex onnaxont mar n oxno c ntcort. Hpxmo n Heeca. Hpnuem uacrentxo n c ertmn sa pyxy. a, tn cnyua n nonce nenepoxrnt. Monoax mama noonnnyna cron x oxny, nsxna sa pyuxy ouxy n marnyna nnns. A ncne sa nnmn marnyna n cocexa, saexanmax nornxert, a uro +ro raxoe rxxenoe sect nnrann. Oruero xe raxax crpannax armoc]epa, cront npnrxrnnammax camoyncrna?! Cma axe npnesxamr nmn c pasntx xonnon Mocxnt, urot, marnyrt nnns. Koneuno, pannonanncrt cxaxyr: xnsnt raxax nnoxax, nor nmn n ne ntepxnnamr. Texnapn ncnomnxr ecuncnennte cnnonte xaenn n cnntnemee +nexrpnuecxoe none, nnnxmmee na nmcxym ncnxnxy. Ho mncrnxn n +sorepnxn rxxeno nsoxnyr Onn-ro xoe-uro snamr. Hy a, xax nsnecrno, ymnoxammn snanne ymnoxaer neuant, Tax cxasan Conomon, a on tn Myptm. Ha camom ene nme npnrxrnnaer cama semnx. Bet sect, n Ocranxnne, nspenne eme o XIV nexa tno xnanme. camoynn. Ho nepxonntm saxonam nx ne paspemann xoponnrt na otuntx norocrax, net onn conepmnnn camt crpamnt rpex orxasannct or xnsnn, aponannt nm Forom. Orpnnynn +ror Foxn ap. Cronr ncnomnnrt, uro raxoe orpnnarentnoe ornomenne x camoyncrny cymecrnyer ne rontxo n npanocnannn, no n n pyrnx pennrnxx. Hanpnmep, nnyct cunramr, uro uenonex, conepmnnmn rpex camoyncrna n rem camtm oxasanmn, uro on ne nyxaercx n xnsnn, ontme ee nnxora n ne nonyunr. Btcmne cnnt ne paspemar ero yme nepeponrtcx. Hanpornn, neyanmymcx ymy npocro pacntnxr n xocmnuecxom npocrpancrne. Tax nor, camoynn n Ocranxnno cnosnnn co nce Mocxnt (rora xe +ro tna axe ne oxpanna ropoa, a concem oranennoe mecro), ne saxantnann n semnm, a npocro cpactnann n onn omn pon. H +ro npoonxanoct nexa. Heynnnrentno, uro ncx semnx tna ycexna ocranxamn. Orcma n nposnanne ee Ocranxnno nnn Ocranxono, xax ronopnnn pantme. Xyrt, nepno?
Ocranxnncxn nopen-myse
Heynnnrentno, uro n nepnte xe nn paort no nosneennm xomnnexca Ocranxnncxo amnn, n 1960 roy, cnyunnoct crpamnoe xonm +xcxanaropa narxnyncx na xaxym-ro nonocrt. Ta octnanact. H rnasam yxacnynmnxcx crponrene n eranme noxpyr nmontrno ernopt npecrann crapte nonyncrnenmne xocrn. Orpomnoe xonnuecrno xocre. Ocranxn 3ror cnyua sanncana n oxrxpe 1960 roa Harantx 3axapona, tnmax rora nnonepnoxaro ono ns ocranxnncxnx mxon. K ne npnexann ern, ncnyrannte, no c nnxopaouno necrxmnmn rnasamn. Hac ntrnann co crpoxn! nepennax pyr pyra, xpnuann onn. Ho mt raxoe nnenn!.. Hemypeno, uro +ror paon nexamn nmen yxacammym penyrannm. axe xora n xonne XVII nexa rpa]t Bepemerent nosnnrnn ram cnon nanart n nopen, nepecrponnn n nounnnnn pasnannnmnecx nst cnonx xpenocrntx n npnnenn nce xosxcrno n nopxox, ypnax cnana mecra ne yneryunnact. a, n Ocranxnncxn nopen cesxanoct mnoxecrno rocre. Hy a n snamennrt xpenocrno rearp, re n onepntx naprnxx nncrana Hapama Xemuyrona, nennxax nennna c uncro pyccxo rparnuecxo cyto, oxorno n ne pas npnesxann nmneparopt n nmneparpnnt. Ho nor erant nnxro ns rocre nnxora ne ocranancx y Bepemerentx na nout. Bce crpemnnnct pasexartcx no cnonmn omam. Bnno, nce-raxn, Ofpepakfupoean u onynukoean ua cafe : PRESSI ( HERSON ) necmorpx na xneocontnocrt rpa]a n nennxoe ncxyccrno ero xpenocrntx axrepon, rocrn uyncrnonann cex n Ocranxnne ne n cnoe rapenxe. H tno c uero! Koneuno, rpa] ne paccxastnan npnrnamenntm ncropnm cnonx sement. Ho +roro n ne rpeonanoct rocrn n camn snann rparnuecxne nerent n cotrnx ocranxnncxnx mecr. Koneuno, camnm Bepemerentm ycata ocranact n npnanoe nocne xennrtt Herpa Fopnconnua Bepemerena na xnxxne Bapnape uepxaccxo n 1743 roy. Hy a poy xnxse uepxaccxnx Ocranxnno tno noxanonano eme rocyapem Mnxannom ueoponnuem Pomanontm. 3ro nce npnxrnte ncropnn. Ho tnn n norante net n o XVII nexa Ocranxnno cymecrnonano. Ho nouemy-ro nmenno o rex npemenax nnxro ne xoren ncnomnnart. Xpann1entnnna oc1anxonon nyc1omn 1-a Ocmauuuucuaa yuuua, 5 Hepnte oxymenrantno nornepxennte ynomnnannx o Ocranxnncxnx xnanmencxnx semnxx ornocxrcx x 1558 roy. Tora napt Hnan Iposnt noxanonan +rn ecxosnte, rora eme nomocxonnte semnn cnoemy nmnmny oxpnny Anexcnm Carnny. Tor n nopemnn nocrponrt sect poonym ycaty. om-ro oxpnn nocrponn. Ho xora copancx pacnaxart nycromt, na xoropo norom, cnycrx nonropa nexa, n tn nosneen mepemerencxn Ocranxnncxn nopen, x nemy neoxnanno saxnnnact roparax crapyxa. Hnxro ne snan, xax ee sonyr, cxontxo e ner. Ho nce oxpecrnte xnrenn nomnnnn ee ncera. Iopyntx sannmanact sentenapennem, ro ecrt napnna rpant, neunna onesntx n crpaxymnx, a no conmecrnrentcrny npnrnxtnana sa craptmn mornntnnxamn. Koneuno, xora xro-ro saonenan, ro xnancx x crapyxe, nennuax ynaxnrentno aymxo, no xax ntsopannnnan, ryr xe menxn cno nsrnx, ostnax crapyxy netmo. 3ro yx rax saneeno. Faxa-ro, nnno, tna ymno. Ona ne rontxo morna nanepe npecxasart, uro cnyunrcx, nonopoxnrt na xopomym xnsnt, no n nonnmana, uro xnanmencxne semnn rporart ne cne. A yx rem naue ornonrt nx no namnm. Bet, nonpoonan ee ypoxax, moxno n na ror cner ornpannrtcx. Tax uro, xnnnmnct x nonomy xosxnny, oxpnny Carnny, crapyxa ropyntx nspexna: He cme pacnaxnnart! He rpenoxt ocranxonym semnm. Ocnymaemtcx trt ee! Ho pasne oxpe xoro cnymamr? Carnn npnxasan nauart paort. Kpecrtxne nonnnonannct n nepnax oposa ncnopona semnm. Bor rontxo na pyro ent npntn x Carnny npnnnxennt napcxn uenonex nexn ntxoen ns nemenxnx sement, nastnaemt Opnom n cranmn n Mocxne nmnmnem Hnana Iposnoro, ny n, xoneuno, nnnxrentntm onpnunnxom. O uem ronxonann na napcxnx nmnmna, neneomo. Ho nsnecrno pyroe x neuepy nocne ontmo pyrann n noraconxn oxpnn Carnn cexan ns cnoero nonoro xnnnma. Ero ctcxann c coaxamn n ynesnn n Kpemnt. Hy a ram mnnocrnnen-napt Hnan npnxasan xasnnrt oxpnna. Kax oxnnnn sa mxrex. Hy a sa uro na camom ene neneomo. Bor rontxo onpnunnx Opn nonyunn narpay noxanonannte renept yxe emy ocranxnncxne semnn. Hepnoe, uro cenan, nauan pacxantnart semnm noxpyr nononocrpoennoro oma. uro ncxan? Oxpecrnte xnrenn ycmexannct: nsnecrno uro neoct oxpnn Carnn orar tn, a nor nocne cmeprn nnxaxnx coxponnm n ome ne naeno. H re xe rora onn? cno saxonan re-ro. uepes napy ne n nonoe nomecrte Opna npncxaxann ero pyxxn-onpnunnxn. Xnsnt xpyro nsmennnact. nem xomnannx cnana, saro no nouam rynxna. Kpnxn, necnn na nenonxrnom xstxe, crpannte nx pyccxoro cnyxa nncrpymenrt npnnonnn oxpecrntx xnrene n yxac. Ho norom nauanoct n nonce cneronpecrannenne nepeptn semnm noxpyr oma, Opn co ronapnmn nauann pacxantnart mornnt no ncemy Ocranxnny. H cnona xnnnact crapyxa ropyntx. Cnona nontranact ypesonnrt sapnanmerocx ropoxannna: Houro sannmaemtcx ecunncrnamn? Houro rporaemt mornnt? Houro ne ynaxaemt npexon? 3ro xe ne mon pocrnennnxn! ocxnanncx Opn. Bce uenonexn pocrnennnxn, nporonopnna crapyxa. Bce nponsomnn or npaponrene Aama n Ent. Bce xnnn, xaxt n cnoe npemx. H na nx xocrxx renept nor n mt xnnem. H onxnt ynaxart rex, xro tn o nac. Kaxoe mne eno o rex, xro xnn npexe? sno ocxannncx Opn. xnny n cnoe npemx. A na ocrantnoe mne nnenart! He tnaer cnoero npemenn! orpesana axa. Bpemx omee. Hpocro xaxt nnocnr n omym rxant cno nxna. Exenn rax ymart, ncxnnyncx onpnunnx, ro ns omero xorna xaxt moxer n cee nsxrt. He nosanmcrnonart nn mne npemeuxa, urot xnrt nexa? Hmt cxannmtcx! Iopyntx rxxeno onepnact na xnmxy. He yer y rex ontme npemenn! Ocranoct ree rpn nx n rpn noun! Faxa xpyro pasnepnynact n nomna npout. Onpnunnx xoren xnnxnyrt crpaxy, urot naxocrtnxna axe sa raxoe npopouecrno, no nouemy-ro sacrtn, axe pra ne cymen orxptrt. H rontxo noyman: Bor netma! a uro e a ee xe npopouecrno! Hy a yx npemx-ro ee x nnonne cee sapart mory! Houtm onpnunnx ntmen nornxontxy, urot ronapnmn ne ynnenn. On snan, re onraer crapyxa ropyntx n crapo epenxnno xnxnne na npornnononoxnom xpam Ocranxnna. Tam noyrpy n ctcxan yannennym axy napnnmxa, uro npnmen x ne sa rpanxntm nexapcrnom nx orna, ntnnxnynmero nory. Cnyx o cmeprn snaxapxn-nopoxen oneren oxpyry. Bnpouem, xomnannx Opna ne oparnna na nero nnxaxoro nnnmannx. Hm npecroxno eno rocyapeno naxnocrn, pan xoroporo onn n cnenn nann or Kpemnx n ocranxnncxo ycate. Ho +ro noutm nm npecroxno ncrpernrt nosnpamammnxcx rantx napentx cnyr, nocnanntx no cexpernomy nopyuennm camnm Hnanom Iposntm. B uem tna nent raxoro ranoro yxasa, snan rontxo Opn. onepennte cnyrn rocyapx Mocxoncxoro nesnn emy ony ns camtx pennnx n morymecrnenntx pennxnn crapnnnt sonoro nepcrent. Hecxontxo noue xpxy napt Hnan Bacnntennu eceonan o +rom nepcrne c Opnom. Bnno, onepxn. uro x, n napn onxnt xort xomy-ro onepxrt. Bor Ofpepakfupoean u onynukoean ua cafe : PRESSI ( HERSON ) rontxo cam Opn ornnuno snan, uem xonunnn nnxnne oxpe, xonm Iposnt roxe onepxn. Kocrep, nnaxa, x, yanxa nor uem narpann nx npecnernt rocyapt sa onepennocrt. Ho Opn pemnn no-pyromy no-cnoemy. Hepcrent, xoropt nesnn ns antnnx crpan napent cnyrn, tn ne rontxo sonortm, no n marnuecxnm ncemorymnm. Horomy uro xnnxncx crapnnnemnm Hepcrnem Mnposannx. uenonex, nnaenmn nm, mor nnaert n npocrpancrnom n npemenem. Mor nonyunrt neorpannuennym nnacrt n ncenpomenne no ncex enax cnonx. Bnaenen nepcrnx cranonnncx nooen ory, no n cam nepcrent tn cosan onnm ns pennemnx oron penneernnercxnm Iopom. Hapt Hnan nastnan roro ora Xop nnn npocro Op es npntxamme cornacno. Eme n samernn, uro Op connaaer c ]amnnne Opna. Moxer, noromy n ornnunn ero onepnem cpen nce onpnunnnt? pennn Iop ernnercxn tn orom nanmorymecrnennemnm. On noenn cnoero npara, snoex Cera, ocnoonn or ero nnacrn napo, nocxpecnn cnoero orna Ocnpnca, ynroro Cerom. 3a ro Ocnpnc n oran Iopy no nnaenne napcrno xnntx. Cam xe cran nnatxo napcrna meprntx. To ecrt nonyuanoct, uro, xax ctn, Iop tn napem xnntx, a xax nacnennx, napem meprntx. Bor n Hnan Iposnt meuran nonyunrt Bcennacrne, crart panntm oram, no ouent yx crpamnncx Foxtero cya. Bor net uenonex-ro! nem pexer saxnno, a no nouam nanxercx na xamennom nony, rpexn samannnax. Crpanna ona, +ra saraounax yma pyccxax. a n crpamna x romy xe Cnonom, nopasmtcnnn, Opn pemnn cenart no-cnoemy. onepenntx cnyr napx on ncrpernr. Hepcrent Iopa-Opa y nnx saeper. Camnx nx, xax npnxasan Iposnt, sapexer. Ho nor xontno Mnposannx ocrannr cee. C nnm n cxpoercx. Houtm nce npomno xax saymtnanoct. Hoxa pyrn-onpnunnxn cpaxannct c oxpannnxamn napcxnx nocnannen, Opn cymen nponrtcx x camnm onepenntm nnnam. Or onocunxon on snan, uro marnuecxn nepcrent samnr n noxce y onoro ns nnx. Tax uro cnauana sapesan oonx, a norom ncnopon na onom ns ren noxc, axe ne cnnmax ero. Txxenoe sonoroe xontno ynano n naont, npnxrno payx necom n necxom. Opn yonnernopenno xmtxnyn n, sacxounn sa anno npnroronnenntm memxom c copanntmn no omy nennocrxmn, ncxounn na pesnoro xonx. Mnr n on noneren crpeno. Hpout or +roro oma, npout or Ocranxnna, npout ns Mocxnt. Hyna cnernna ne cnntno, no n ne cnao. B camt pas nx ranoro n nocnemnoro oresa. H npyr. nyna saxptnact onaxom. Berep saxpyrnn nerxn epenten. Kont no Opnom saxpanen n npyr ncran, ena ne ntpocnn ncannxa ns cena. Hpxmo na paccroxnnn ntrxnyro pyxn nepe onpnunnxom ntpocna ns-no semnn xopxnax ]nrypa ropyntn, uepnax n orpaxennom cnere nynt. Crapyxa snono yxmtnxnact n nporxrnnana pyxy: otn xoneuxo, nya? Hy rora ana! H or +roro npocroro xecra xpont Opna sacrtna n xnnax. Hpout! nxo saopan on. Tt meprnax! H uero? xnxnxnyna ropyntx. 3aepy xoneuxo n yy xnrt neuno! 3ro x yy neuen! Bet +ro x sapan rnoe npemx cee! He n xonx xopm, ronyunx! nnoroxno yntnynact uepnax aynx n cryxnyna xnmxo o semnm. Kont, sapxan, ntrnyn cnnny n cpocnn ncannxa. Opn rpoxnyncx nasemt, cnoman mem. Bemyntx axe ne naxnonnnact x nemy, a rontxo menxnyna nantnamn. Hs noraenno cxnaxn pyaxn Opna ntnntn nepcrent Opa n noneren x cxpmuenno naonn. Pasne x moxno rax-ro? nsoxnyna nemyntx. Taxoe coxponnme no mnpy racxart?! A ny xax nonaer n nnxne pyxn? H net uyrt ne nonan. uro nmr-napt Iposnt, uro onpnunnx- ynnen. He nm nnaert Hepcrnem Mnposannx! Koneuno, raxnx nepcrne cemt. Ho pasntm crpanam cxptrt. Ho n namnx semnxx, nnno, mne ero xpannrt npnercx. pyrnx-ro xpannrene ne ctcxanocx. H ropyntx menenno nopena no nonm. O uem ona ymana? uero xorena? Ie cnpxrana norom mncrnuecxn nepcrent nensnecrno. Ho nsnecrno nnoe c rex nop ona crana neuntm npnspaxom Ocranxnna. Hnn ero neuno xpannrentnnne?.. Horomy uro naxanyne pasntx rparnuecxnx cotrn ona xnnxnact x nmxm, crapaxct npeynpenrt o sne, noxape, yncrne n pyrnx necuacrtxx. B 1799 roy nmneparop Hanen nocernn Ocranxnno, rocrx y rpa]on Bepemerentx. Crpaxa orrecnnna mocxnnue, xoropte cymenn xax-ro npopartcx nonnxe x Bepemerencxomy nopny. Ho crapax roparax xenmnna n onpxrnom nnarouxe nce xe cymena neneomtm cnocoom oxasartcx pxom c nmneparopom. Oxpannnxn xnnynnct x ne, no Hanen ocranonnn nx. On n cam tn ne uyx marnuecxnm snannxm n cpasy nouyncrnonan n crapymxe neuro mncrnuecxoe. Hent uac on eceonan c nopoxee c rnasy na rnas npn saxptrtx nepxx. Kora ntmen x Bepemerentm, rontxo n cxasan: Tenept x snam, uero oxnart. Oxpana mex rem xnnynact n sany x crapyxe. Ho ram nnxoro ne tno. Ho npeannm, ocranxnncxax nemyntx npecxasana Hanny, uro on yer npannrt uertpe roa, uertpe mecxna n uertpe nx. Tpn uernepxn uncno neornparnmocrn rparnuecxoro cotrnx. He nam, cmeprntm, cnopnrt c cyto! cxasana npopounna. Ho re x ympy? cnpocnn Hanen, xoroporo c poxennx npnrxrnnann erann ero yyme cmeprn. Tam xe, re n ponnnct, rocyapt! xparxo ornernna nponnnna. pyrax ncrpeua ocranxnncxo ropyntn sa]nxcnponana n 1856 roy. Tora n yxe sapomennt Ocranxnncxn nopen npnexan Anexcanp II. Honnmaxct no xamenntm crynenxm napanoro xptntna, nmneparop ocrynnncx. Ho ero noepxana no noxort nenecrt orxya nsxnmaxcx crapyxa: Ocropoxno, rocyapt-armmxa! Tee xe eme uerneprt nexa npannrt. Tt Fory naoen. Konn naoen, ynpannmct, nporyen nmneparop. Konn c Forom-ro Ho yter rex esoxnnx! xanocrnnno npomenrana crapymxa n ncuesna. Kax nsnecrno, rax n ntmno. nanart nxrt ner c 1855 no 1881 ro Anexcanp, ocnoonrent napoa or xpenocrnoro npana, napcrnonan n Poccnn, nnuero ne oxct. Ho 1 mapra 1881 roa tn ynr omo, pomenno napoonontnamn-esoxnnxamn. Ofpepakfupoean u onynukoean ua cafe : PRESSI ( HERSON ) A net ocranxnncxax ropyntx ntranact npeynpenrt rocyapx o esoxnnxax-ro. Ho nnno, uemy trt roro ne mnnonart. H nmenno n npannenne Anexcanpa no Poccnn npomna orpomnax nonna esoxnx. Hy a norom nacrynnn n enxrt nan A ocranxnncxax netma no-npexnemy npeocreperaer mocxnnue. Ionopxr, axe nepe rparnuecxnm noxapom na Ocranxnncxo reneamne peaxropt nnenn n xopnopax ee npnspax. uepnax crapyxa ropyntx uro-ro essnyuno xpnuana n maxana xnmxo. Horom, xoneuno, cxasann +ro ona n nnnonara. H nnxro ne noyman, uro +ro naronop. uepnax nemyntx, nanpornn, ntranact npeynpenrt, uro uepes napy uacon naunercx crpamnemn noxap sa ncm ncropnm n Ocranxnna, n Mocxnt. uro nmxm nao noxnnyrt poxonoe mecro. Ho xro x yer cnymart crapnxon, xort n npnspauntx?.. Tannm sane1noro xontna Ocmauuuucuue yuuum, yuuua Auae+uua Kopoueea Hy a uro xe nepcrent Opa nnn Iopa xomy yx xax npnrnxnercx? Kya cnpxrana ero crapyxa noantme or nenactrntx nmcxnx rnas, neneomo. Ho cymecrnyer nerena o rom, uro onaxt, npxmo nepe npnesom nmneparopa Hanna n Ocranxnncxn nopen, nepcrent Opa xnnn cex nmxm. Ho onomy napnanry, xpenocrno xnnonncen rpa]a Bepemerena ynnen no cne nexym ]nrypy n, nonxnmnct, eme ne npnx n cex co cna, sapnconan nnennoe. Honyunncx noprper c onontno pasmtrtmn uepramn nnna, saro c rountm erantntm nsopaxennem sanopaxnnammero xontna crpanno ]opmt na nantne y nounoro nnennx. Ho pyro nepcnn nesnaxomen nnuno xnnncx x xyoxnnxy n npnxasan nanncart noprper. Ho nosnponan ncero pas, oruero xnnonncen cymen sapnconart rontxo xpyxena n crapnnnoe sonoroe xontno na nantne, camo xe nnno nesnaxomna ocranoct nenponncanntm. Ecrt nn no ncem +rom onx npant, ne xcno. Ho Hanen I, npntn n Ocranxnncxn nopen n noronopnn c nemynte, ecrnnrentno norpeonan noxasart emy xonnexnnm xnnonncn n paort xpenocrntx xyoxnnxon. H onro croxn, pasrnxtnax onn ns noprperon, re tn napnconan xananep n uem-ro ronyom. Herent yrnepxamr, uro ronytm tn xamson xananepa. Ho corpynnxn mysex (a ceronx Ocranxnncxn nopen myse) cunramr, uro peut moxer nrn n o noprpere, re noprpernpyemt n mnpoxo ronyo nenre uepes nneuo, n axe o noprpere mantunxa n ronyom. Bor rontxo sameuarentnax erant nocne nocemennx Hanna +ror noprper nponan. Hy a norom, xora noxnnncx nnont, xontna na nantne xananepa yxe ne tno. Her ero n na xaprnnax, coxpannnmnxcx o namnx npemen. Bnno, ocranxnncxax nopoxex nosaornnact o rom, urot axe nsopaxenne xontna nnxoro ne cmymano. Hy a noxas ero npenasnauancx rontxo nx onoro nmneparopa Hanna c ero rparnuecxo cyto.
Ocranxnncxax amnx
Bnpouem, o xontne Iopa ne satnn. Ero ncxann ncera. B 1812 roy ]pannyst nomnn n Mocxny, n n Ocranxnne pasmecrnncx nonx renepana `Opna. Cam renepan nonen cex crpanno. On esnn no oxpecrnocrxm. Hax nepenounxa, ntrancx nananrt ecey c oxpecrntmn xpecrtxnamn. Te, noptnmnct n xonnexrnnno namxrn, ncnomnnnn, uro nexora, no npemena Hnana Iposnoro, n +rnx mecrax tn om, noapennt napem nnxnemy onpnunnxy Opny. H xorx ror npoe tn ns nemnen, no nce panno ]amnnnx ero noxonna na ]amnnnm ]pannyscxoro renepana. Tax uro xpecrtxne pemnnn, uro ntnemnn renepan noromox roro, anno crnnynmero onpnunnxa. Bor n ne xnennnct ecet c ]pannysom. A ny nx, cynocraron +rnx! Ho namencx n epenne onn xpecrtxnnn, xpenxn cepenxuox, saymanmn cpynrt c ]pannysa entxar na xosxcrno. Koneuno, oeropnrt saxnarunxa eno cnxroe. Kpecrtxnnn nonxn, uro na camom ene nmer ]pannys. H net ne n cynyxax c coxponnmamn eno-ro tno, xax ymann oxpecrnte xnrenn. Kpecrtxnnn-cepenxuox ypasymen, uro renepan nmer ro marnuecxoe xontno, xoropoe npoe t sapan nexora ero npeox cee, no norom norepxn. Hy a nonxn xpecrtxnnn ncnomnnn, xax onaxt men on no sapocme nycromn. Vromnncx n ycrponncx oroxnyrt no pacxnncrtm craptm yom xcrarn, enncrnenntm epenom Ofpepakfupoean u onynukoean ua cafe : PRESSI ( HERSON ) na nce nycromn. Pacxnnyn pyxn nexa, a nantnt-ro n nonann ro nn n xporonym nopy, ro nn n pacmennny mexy xopnxmn epena. H nor ram-ro, n pacmennne, namynan xpecrtxnnn xaxo-ro neontmo memouex. Xoren ntramnrt, a ryr ero xax monnne yapnno. B rnasax noremneno, nantnt sarpxcnnct. Orxarnncx on noantme or ya, no xax n cex npnmen, cnona nporxnyn pyxy x pacmennne. H onxrt rax nnoxo crano, uro ax neo c onunnxy npnrpesnnoct. Hnmnyn rora xpecrtxnnn: ny ee, +ry naxoxy, cee opoxe craner! H nor renept, npnnomnnn nce +ro, pemnn on paccxasart ]pannysy nycrt renepan cam ns- no ya crpannym naxoxy ntracxnnaer. A emy, cmernnnomy xpecrtxnnny, sonornmxa orctnner. Xopomax mtcnt! a rontxo ne cnyunnoct saymannoro-ro. Hpnmna n cymepxax n epenymxy crapyxa ropyntx c xpnno xnmxo a n npomna npxmo x nsenxe cmernnnoro xpecrtxnnna. Hemnoro npemenn ram nponena, norom onxrt uepes ncm epennm, ne raxct, nepnynact. Btmna sa oxonnny a n. crnnyna n remnore. A nayrpo xpecrtxnnna-ro na nanxe meprntm namnn. H nonerenn no epenne pasronopt: xoren, ecxart, noxonnx ]pannysy `Opny ranoe mecro ocranxnncxoro xnaa orxptrt. a nor xpannrentnnna Ocranxnna ero ocranonnna. H net npnnmno xnnnact na nny y ncex. Bnart, ncex npeynpenrt xorena c xaxtm npearenem rax cranercx! B omem, yexan renepan `Opn ne conono xneanmn. 3naunr, ne npemx eme oranart xomy- ro Hepcrent Mnposannx. Her eme cront ocrontx nme, urot npemenem n npocrpancrnom pacnopxxartcx. H yx rem onee ne ]pannyscxomy renepany n axe ne camomy Hanoneony raxoe morymecrno n pyxn anart. Bnpouem, ne onn nepcrent Iopa ranrcx re-ro na cnere. Homnnana xe ocranxnncxax ropyntx o cemn nepcrnxx. H nor onaxt n 1860 roy onn ns nepcrne ctcxancx. Tora nsnecrnt ]pannyscxn ernnronor mapxns Htep `Arpen namen na pacxonxax n ernnercxo onnne ]apaonon crpannt nepcrent c neotuno rpannponxo: na pannocroponnnx rpeyrontnnxa, nepeuepxnyrte rpemx napannentntmn, no npeptnammnmncx nnnnxmn. Hoont ysop ne ncrpeuancx na penneernnercxnx xontnax n ranncmanax, no naen on tn n mornne xpena, xoroporo, ecnn cynrt no nanncxm, snann Bya, nnn Xya, nnn ya. Koneuno, unrarenxm XX nexa, snaxomtm no pomany Macrep n Maprapnra Fynraxona c nmenem Hemya, cpasy nnnrcx nexax ananornx. H xoneuno xe ona nectma cnopna. penneernnercxn xpen xnno ne moxer nmert nnuero omero c npoopasom camoro Cosarenx, rax uro n crpannt ero nepcrent, cxopee ncero, npocro nexn xpeuecxn snax. Ernnronor `Arpen noome ne ycmorpen nnuero ntammerocx n nepcrne mano nn orxptrn npnnocnr ernnronornx uyrt ne xaxt ent Hy ysop, ne ncrpeuennt panee. ny xament, ns xoroporo ero ntrounnn, ne snaxom Bnpouem, nmo yuent ncera nmontren. Bor n Htep oran nepcrent na +xcneprnsy. Btxcnnnoct, uro pennxnnx tna nsroronnena ne ns xamnx, a ns xepamnxn ocooro poa, co npemenem nourn ne ornnuammecx or npnponoro marepnana (neapom ee axe nposnann accnancxnm xamnem). Ho nor npemx cosannx nepcrnx nopasnno ncex: paronennax pennxnnx oxasanact crapme camtx pennnx nnpamn. Fonee roro, +sorepnxn, noxnmunnmnecx x nsyuennm neotunoro nepcrnx, saxnnnn, uro cnmnont, nsopaxennte na nepcrne, onaamr xpane cnntno +neprernxo. Onn cnocont oxpannrt onaarenx xontna or cnntnemnx nerarnnntx nnnxnn n or nmo arpeccnn, na nero nanpannenno. Hsnecrnt ]pannyscxn nccneonarent Apnont e Fennsan axe ntcxasan rnnoresy, uro nepcrent xpena Bya nepemen x nemy uepes mnoxecrno noxonenn or nnnnnnsannn, xoropax cymecrnonana saonro o pennnx ernnrxn. Tax, moxer, +ro tna Arnanrna n saraount nepcrent nexora npnnanexan xpeny-arnanry? Bceptes nnn c yntxo Fennsan ntcxasan raxym nepcnm, ncropnx ymanunnaer. Ho nsnecren nopasnrentnt ]axr. Hamemn neotunoe xontno ernnronor Htep `Arpen cenan c nero necxontxo xonn, xoropte nectma nonpannnnct ero co-partxm-nccneonarenxm. Ona raxax xonnx nepcrnx xpena-arnanra oxasanact y nerenapnoro anrnncxoro apxeonora-ernnronora Ionapa Kaprepa. 4 noxpx 1922 roa on namen sactnannt nxo n rponnny Tyranxamona. Orxptrne +ro ]apaonono rponnnt crano xpynneme naxoxo n ncropnn ernnronornn. Onaxo, xax +ro nn crpanno, npaxrnuecxn nce yuacrnonanmne no ncxptrnn rponnnt yuente cxonuannct npn saraountx ocroxrentcrnax. Orcma n nomnn pasronopt o npoxnxrnn ]apaonon. Onoro nnmt Kaprepa nerenapnoe npoxnxrne ne xocnynoct. On ymep rontxo n 1939 roy y cex oma n cnoe nocrenn n or nnonne ecrecrnenntx npnunn. Oxasanoct, uro nepe nauanom paor npeycmorpnrentnt nop Kaprep naen cee na nanen xonnm crapnnnoro nepcrnx arnanron. Cnonom, moxno cunrart, uro yuentm tn nponeen cnoeopasnt +xcnepnmenr, oxasanmn neocnopnmym ncrnny: axe ynt nepcrnx arnanron ecrnnrentno onaaer momneme +neprernxo n oxpannrentno cnno. Tenept +ror nepcrent Arnanrnt naxonrcx n Hynpe. Ho ymaercx, uro cpen cemn xonen, no-npexnemy nastnaemtx nepcrnxmn Iopa, on ne rnannt. Hanepnoe, noromy n noxasancx nmxm. A nor Hepcrent Mnposannx, xpanxmncx re-ro n nepax Ocranxnna, x nmxm ne cnemnr. Xorx npn crponrentcrne Ocranxnncxo amnn n renexomnnexca crponrenxm necxontxo pas nonaannct crapnnnte cxpont. Bcrpeuannct ram n monert, n mnennpnte noenxn. Ho nnxaxoro nepcrnx ne naxonnoct. 3aro nocne yxpennennx xornonanon no nocrpoxy xnrenxm paona crano xnnxrtcx ono crpannoe npnnnenne, nauanmee noxnnxrtcx n n xomnnexce renesann, n n omax, ntcrpoenntx nx paornnxon crynn na npnnerammnx ynnnax. Kynart uenonex c uepno opoo na crapnnnt manep menran nnxopaouno, uro emy nyxno npemx, a norom nponcxonno. ouepenoe camoyncrno. Tax ne snoe nn onpnunnx Opn ntmannnan nme ns oxon mnoro+raxex, urot onn, ynan na semnm n pasnnmnct, orann emy cnoe npemx, xoropoe nm ontme ne nonaonrcx na +ro semne? A mt-ro nce na aymxy-ropyntm rpemnm. Ionopnm, crapyxa netma nnnonara. A n uem ee nnna? B rom, uro, xax pennxx neyntx, ona mnoro uero neaer? B rom, uro npeynpenrt nac, ropoxan, crapaercx? H ne ee nnna, uro ne npnmno eme npemx nx orxptrnx nmxm Hepcrnx Mnposannx n ncex ero ran. Hy a xora x ono npner? Hpo ro nam neneomo. Ho xcno ono: xax rontxo rax cpasy. H nepcrent naercx, n Mnposanne cnon rant orxpoer. Hernnnxa: pexa npeuenn Pexa npemen n cnoem crpemnentn Vnocnr nce ena nme H ronnr n nponacrn sanentx Ofpepakfupoean u onynukoean ua cafe : PRESSI ( HERSON ) Hapot, napcrna n nape. A ecnn uro n ocraercx upes snyxn nnpt n rpyt, To neunocrn xepnom noxpercx H ome ne yer cytt. I.P. epraeuu
3anncxn c1apon 1ea1panxn Heeuuuuaa yuuua, 15; yeou yuuu Kysueuuu Mocm u Poxecmeeuua, 20/6/9 Kax nsnecrno, n apxnnax xpannrcx crontxo ncero, uro axe camte ontrnte apxnnncrt ne snamr coepxannx ncex oxymenron. Ho net ram ne rontxo oxymenrt na apxnnnoe xpanenne nonaamr n nnctma, ymarn, sanncnte xnnxxn npocrtx nme, uro pyxnnn, nepennctnannct, omannct c pasntmn snamennrocrxmn. Otuno raxne nanxn nonaamr n none apxnnntx rpeonann cnyuano, rax cxasart, sa xomnannm nmecre c ocnonntmn sanpocamn. Hmenno rax cnyuano n onapyxnnact ro nn crpannna ns nennnxa, ro nn orentnax sannct nnrepecnoro cnyuax, ocrannennax nexoe Tamapo nouxnno. Her, ona ne tna n pocrne c nncrarentno xopn]exo Manoro rearpa axrpnco Anexcanpo Anexcanponno nouxnno. Hama Tamapa npocro ooxana rearp n n cnny pocrna ]amnnn crana ropxue noxnonnnne Anexcanpt Anexcanponnt. Hao cxasart, uro crapemax axrpnca npocnannennoro Manoro rearpa oxnna o 98 ner. A snaunr, n 1956 roy, o xoropom noer nepnt paccxas Tamapt, axrpnce tno ponno 90 ner. Koneuno, ona yxe ne ntcrynana na cnene, no nnxaxnm crapuecxnm mapasmom ne crpaana n axrnnno sannmanact omecrnenntmn enamn. Xnna ona pxom c Mantm rearpom n nauantnom ome roramne Hymxnncxo ynnnt (ntne cnona, xax o penonmnnn, Fontmo mnrponxn). Ceuac +roro oma ner. Ha ero mecre ]nnnan Fontmoro rearpa. Ho n ro npemx y crent +roro oma, ntxonnme xax pas na yron Fontmoro rearpa, tn axe neontmo oropoxennt canx c xycramn cnpenn. Tam npocnannennax axrpnca n nmnna rynxrt. Tam xe npnnnmana n rocre, n uncno xoroptx nxonnn n camte npeannte noxnonnnxn. Bor ram-ro, cnx na cxameeuxe n nyuax norennenmero anpentcxoro connna, npeannax noxnonnnna Tamapa n ycntmana paccxas crapo axrpnct o nanonennxx n camom nenrpe Mocxnt. Koneuno, +ro nenepoxrno, no no ynnnam n nnomaxm Mocxnt pasnnnannct n Mocxna-pexa, n ysa. B rennom anpene 1908 roa +rn pexn saronnnn nce 3amocxnopeute n axe Kpemnt, crent xoroporo oxasannct no noo na 2,5 merpa. A camn not n pexax nonnmannct o 9 merpon. Ho x tna nopaxena nanonennem Hernnnxn, nporonopnna nouxnna. Bet ona nor ryr, pxtmxom. H xpacnntm axrepcxnm xecrom Anexcanpa Anexcanponna onncana mnpoxn xpyr. Bt xe snaere, mnnouxa, uro Hernnn-pexa eme n nauane XIX nexa tna sapana n rpyy. Orcma n nasnanne nnoman sect neanexo Tpynax. Orrya ona n reuer no semne xax pas no Hernnnno ynnne, a norom n no Mantm rearpom npoxonr. To ecrt nor sect noxpyr. H cnona xpacnnt axrepcxn xecr. Ho ro nn xapaxrep y pexn xynnranncrt, ro nn macrepa nopaorann ne cnnmxom xopomo, no He-rnnnxa nocroxnno ntptnaercx napyxy. A nt camn nnenn nanonenne? nonmontrcrnonana Tamapa. H ne pas! Homnm, n mae 1923 roa not tno crontxo, uro no Tearpantno nnoman noxn esnnn nosnnn nac, axrepon, ns Manoro rearpa n Fontmo. A Bacx Cnnpnonon, nam paoun cnent, ne noyman, orxptn ony ns nepe rearpa. A ra nnxe yponnx not oxasanact. Tax nect xopnop n saronnno. Konpt norom na nx no nopnxe cymnnnct. A na Tpyno rora noome nent ponxno cxna cnecno raxo nanop not, uro pona ns cxnaa ntnno. Hy onn npxmo no nnoman n nonntnn. Hsnosunxon n +xnnaxn a, a, mnnouxa, rora eme no Mocxne esnnn nsnosunxn! o nepxa xonec sannnano. Tax uro nnxro yx na nnx n ne esnn. a-c, cxaxy x nam, xyrxax xaprnna, mnnouxa Crapax axrpnca npnxptna rnasa. Ha ee nnne ecrnnrentno mentxnyno ntpaxenne yxaca. Tamapa nacropoxnnact, ncrpenenynact nanepnoe, ne cronno sacrannxrt ncnomnnart nenpnxrnoe enxnocronernmm amy. Ho ryr Anexcanpa Anexcanponna npnxana nantnt n nepuarxax x nncxam, yxyranntm n rennt nxsant nnarox (nonepx ero xoneuno xe xoxernnnax snmnxx mnxna axrpnca net n n cro ner axrpnca!), n, nsoxnyn, npomenrana: Mano xomy paccxastnana, mnnouxa Ho ceuac paccxaxy. Koneuno, pantme sa raxne pasronopt moxno tno t n n narepx yronrt, no renept net moxno ncnomnnrt. Kax +ro ronopxr? renept orrenent y nac n crpane. Pncxny paccxaxy! B 1923 roy tno mne yxe 57 ner. Mnoro x uero nepexnna n mnoro nepennana. He yy Fora rnennrt n npn Hmneparopcxnx rearpax xnna xopomo, n npn napono name nnacrn nncxontxo ne xyxe. Horomy uro rananr nce nenxr, poxo cxasana Tamapa. a, rananr Ho crapyxa sannynact, ne onn rananr na cnene nyxen. Hyxna eme ]anracrnuecxax nepa n pasnte npenaraemte nosmoxnocrn. B npenaraemte ocroxrentcrna! nocxasana Tamapouxa. Tax Cranncnancxn ronopnn. Her, x ne npo ro, mnnouxa, noxana ryt axrpnca. npo mncrnuecxn cxna yma, npo ]anracrnuecxoe nnenne mnpa. Moxere mne nonepnrt, x yxe nex xnny, xoe-uro nonxna uro xe? A ro, uro ne onn rontxo xnnt mnp noxpyr, no n rant, ne ncem nnnmt. H n nem raxne saraounte cotrnx nponcxoxr H on c namnm mnpom uacrentxo nepecexaercx. Bor nocnymare! B 1923 roy x n rearpantno xnaprnpe npn yunnnme xnna. Ono rora nastnanoct Tearpantnte macrepcxne npn Manom rearpe. Tora tno nyxno nouepxnnart, uro n axrept paoune ncxyccrna. 3ro renept yunnnme npocro Benxo n uecrt nesanennoro Mnxanna Cemenonnua Benxnna sonyr. Tora ner. Tora nce tno crporo. Bor n ent nanonennx-ro mne t n nocnemnrt n cnom xnaprnpy na Hernnnxe, 6, no mne y noprnnxn tno nasnaueno antme no Hernnnxe n nymepe 15. A noprnnxa nx axrpnct, camn nonnmaere, mnnouxa, naxnemn uenonex. Ofpepakfupoean u onynukoean ua cafe : PRESSI ( HERSON ) Hxrnanart om ontmo, ns craptx oxontx. Hanpornn nero xax pas snamennrte Canynoncxne ann n ome 14. Hy uepes Tearpantnym nnomat menx paoune na noxe nepenesnn. A yx na nepeceuennn Kysnenxoro Mocra nocyme crano, ram xe nosntmenne. Tyr x nsnosunxa nanxna. Xort n ne anexo, no no noe ne noemt. Homnm, noa xoneca sannnana, no nce-raxn nepennrartcx moxno. Hoexann mt x omy 15. Tam xptntno tno na nosntmennn. Honxnact x no crynenxm, oepnynact na nsnosunxa, urot ptsramn ne sannn. Boa-ro rpxsnmmax. Hernnnxa yx anno ne pexa xnoaxa. Hy n sanennna xax-ro nsrnxom Canynt. uanrasnx-ro axrepcxax cpasy Hnsanera Canynona, nennna, na utn entrn ann-ro tnn nocrpoent, ncnomnnnact. Crpannax cyta npoe myx nmnn o ecnamxrcrna, a norom nsxn n pocnn. Bsoxnyna x, xoneuno, nor ona, myxcxax nmont. Ho cama-ro nomna x noprnnxe. Hnartx naxne ncero. onro y nee npocnena. Hpnmepxa nponecc ne ns nerxnx. Btmna x or nee yxe no remnore. Boa cnana. Xorx, xoneuno, nce panno no rporyapam ne npoemt. Ipxsno, cxnnsxo. Pemnna nocroxrt nooxart nsnosunxa. Ocranonnnact na crynenxx-ro a ryr menx n oxnnxnynn.
Vnnna Hernnnnax, om 15
Ionoc xencxn, rnxn n axe poxn: Hosnontre na namn xoneuxn nsrnxnyrt! V menx ax cepne ynano. Bopnmxa, uro nn? Ornxnynact ne noxoxe. ama nentcoxoro pocra x npornn nee nennxanma. Hnno nnrennnrenrnoe. Ho nor nnarte xe axrpnca moy nexon snam. Hesnaxomxa n oexe crnnx Fnepmaep +ro naunnax c 1820-x roon. Hn] npnranen, rannx uyrt nontme ecrecrnenno, mxa cnoono nncnaammax. A nx renna na ame cnencep, roramnn yxopouennt nnxauox. Ionopxr, ero npnyman anrnncxn nop Cnencep. Kora rymnn noxap n cnoem nmennn, ]ant ]paxa emy cnntno memann. On nx nsxn n oopnan. Cnonom, nnxax mox nesnaxomxa n 1923 ro ne nnnctnaercx. tno pemnna axrpnca. Ho net x n Mocxne ncex n nnno snam. Ho +ro ne nnana. Bor rontxo ncmorpenact nonyume remno yxe n cepne-ro y menx npxmo n nxrxn ymno. ama rout-n- rout xax na snamennrom noprpere Hnsanert Canynono n cnencep, n mnxnxa. Mne ax xyrxo crano. A nesnaxomxa cnona sa cnoe: Hosnontre na nepcrenex nsrnxnyrt! n ne xorena pyxa cama x crpanno ame norxnynact. Ta nsrnxnyna n saoxana: Her, ne ro! uro x nmy pyroe! Ho nosnontre, uro xe nt nmere? ronopm x, a y camo uyrt ne syt cryuar. Hepcrent sanernt, marymxo Exarepnno noapennt, ronopnr ama. H uro menx sa xstx epnyno? Hxnnyna x npyr: Tax nt Canynona Ennsanera? unrana, uro nam rocyaptnx nepcrent noapnna, a nt ero npoann. 3anoxnna, yrounnna ama. Horom ntxynnna. Ho ono onxrt norepxnoct. Bor renept nmy. Ho xax xe nt n XX nex-ro npomnn? Ho Hernnnxe, oxcnnna ama. Pexa npononnx Bpemen. Cama nce npemx ononnxercx reuer n yymee. A epera, renept, xoneuno, xamennte cnot, nce re xe ocramrcx. Bor n moxno n onpeenennte nn, xora norox operaer camym ontmym cnny, nepern ns onoro npemenn n pyroe. A mne nouemy-ro noxasanoct, uro n XX nexe mo nepcrent onapyxnrcx. Bt nnuero ne cntxann? rontxo ronono noxauana. Ecnn raxo nepcrent namencx, nce t ysnann n xonnexnnonept, n rasert. Hy n x t, xoneuno. Ipemna ncm xnsnt crapnnnte xontna cxynana. Mne t ero n npnnecnn. Ho ne tno raxoro. Xorena x o +rom Hnsanere cxasart, a n sacrtna nnxoro pxom. Ftn npnspax n nery. Horomy n ronopm nam, mnnouxa, xopomo, uro x axrpnca. pyrax t na moem mecre sanonnna, co crpaxy n omopox ynana. Ho y menx, xax y xaxo xopome axrpnct, mncrnuecxoe mnponosspenne. Mt nepnm n npnmert, n snaxn cytt n npouee. Bor n x o cnx nop nepm, uro cronxnynact n npnspaxom nennnt Canynono. C rex nop nor yxe rpnnart ner nce xy a npyr nepcrent ee oxnnrcx, npyr xro ero npnnecer na npoaxy. t xynnna. Xort mne no nospacry yxe n ne onxno trt eno o yxpamenn-ro. Ho net xpacora npnrxrnnaer n nmom nospacre Crapyxa samonuana. 3anstxana. O cnoem. O nepexnrom. A Tamapa rora noymana: uynr crapax axrpnca. B npnnnennx nepnr. Hernnnxa pexa Bpemenn Inyno-ro xax Ho cnycrx enxrt ner Tamapa concem no-pyromy ncnomnnna +ry ncropnm. Horomy uro n cama nonana n neuro noonoe. 14 nmnx 1965 roa Hernnnxa-pexa cnona ntmna ns eperon. Ha +ror pas nomornn eme n nponnnnte oxn. Hosemnte croxn ne ntepxann crontxo not n ntnnecnynn ncm ee na nonepxnocrt. Hnnxax nosemnax rpxst, naxnymax ncxxo mepsocrtm, pacnpocrpannnact nmecre c noo nourn na 25 rexrapon n nenrpe or Tpyno o onxrt xe Tearpantno nnoman. Hpana, renept nanonenne ne tno cront yx momntm ncero-ro nonyropamerpont yponent not, a mecramn n mentme. Ho nce panno noa npocounnact n nonant, nnxnne +raxn omon. Oxasancx sannrtm n cxna HVMa, xoropt, xax nsnecrno, naxonrcx na Hernnnno ynnne. Tonapt, xoneuno, npomoxnn, mnorne npnmnn n neronocrt. Tamapa n ror neuep mna no nepxne uacrn ynnnt Kysnenxn Mocr. Tya noa ne omna. Xorx sarxnt sanax nnran n sect, ne nosnonxx ocranannnnartcx. H ryr Tamape noxasanoct, uro nroponxx ona uyrt ne nacrynnna na rpxsnym xyuy. Ho ra npyr nocxounna, nsnnsrnyna. H ne xyua nonce enuonxa, xyymax, ncx n noxmortxx, rpxsnax. Hpnnonxnact c mocrono n cnona yxnynact npxmo Tamape n norn: Hpocrn, marymxa-aptnx! Hpocrn ymy rpemnym! Tamapa orcxounna, cama uyrt ne sannsxan or neoxnannocrn n crpaxa. uro-ro n enuonxe (nnn monoo enymxe?) tno nenonxrnoe, nronxmmee n oropont. He ro, uro ona tna nsmoxena n xya o npeena npxm ysnnna Ocnennnma. H axe ne ro, uro n norn yxnynact n marymxo-aptne nasnana. A neuro concem crpannoe or enymxn ncxonno Ofpepakfupoean u onynukoean ua cafe : PRESSI ( HERSON ) nenonxrnoe cneuenne n nexno xonoom, or xoroporo, xaxercx, nmnr osxno ne reno, no yma Tamapnna. A ennna rem npemenem nontranact onxrt norn omanenme Tamapt. Hy +ro yx cnnmxom! Tamapa rpxxnyna noro n ryr nonxna noome nemtcnnmoe nantnt enymxn npomnn cxnost ee nory, no ona ne nouyncrnonana nnxaxoro npnxocnonennx. a uro xe +ro?! Mano roro, uro cymacmemax xaxax-ro, rax eme n npnspaunax. Heyxenn ecrnnrentno npnspax? Ho re?! B nenrpe Mocxnt na Kysnenxom Mocry?! Hs oroponn Tamapy ntneno npnunranne ennnt: Tax nt ne marymxa-aptnx? Her, nnxy, uro ner! Bor cnana re, Iocnon! A x yx ymana nonanact Komy nonanact? ax aptne name, apte Hnxonaenne Canrtxono! Tamapa cxpnnnnact npo Canrtunxy nce nomnxr. Vx ontme nyxcor ner npomno c ee cmeprn, a namxrt o npoxnxro ymerynne xnner. H ro sa nxrt ner nourn nonropacra sarynenntx ym. Xosxxa ntrana xpenocrntx cocrnennopyuno onnnana xnnxrxom, nportxana pacxanenntm npyrom, pesana noxamn. Fontme ncero nenannena enymex n monotx xenmnn, oconnno ecnn re, ne a or, tnn xopomn coo. Hsnepr. Ho nouemy +ra npnspaunax ennna ronopnr o ne?! ax mt x n ee nnaennxx! orosnanact ra. Tamapa nonxna nsrnx no nanpannennm nporxnyro ennute pyxn. Vron Kysnenxoro Mocra n Poxecrnenxn. Tenept +ro om c rpontm nomepom 20/6/9. 3ro ceuac nce ntrnxnr ne xax rora, npn aptne-ro. npomenrana enymxa. yx ne nnepno ryr oxastnamct. Honnmam, uro pyrne npemena. Ho nce n yxace npyr nama ymerynna roxe no npemenam crpancrnyer. Kax xe moxno crpancrnonart?! nsymnnact Tamapa. Ona axe nosatna npo crpax nmontrcrno nsxno nepx.
Vron ynnn Kysnenxn Mocr n Poxecrnenxa, om 20/6/9
ax net pexa Hernnnxa nporxnyna npnspaunax enymxa. Ho ne n xonm no npemenn-ro Tamapa npyr ncnomnnna oruernnnt ronoc crapo axrpnct: Pexa npononnx Bpemen. Cama nce npemx ononnxercx reuer n yymee. A epera, renept, xoneuno, xamennte cnot, nce re xe ocramrcx. Bor n moxno n onpeenennte nn, xora norox operaer camym ontmym cnny, nepern ns onoro npemenn n pyroe. Btxonr, crapax axrpnca ne ntxnna ns yma, xax rora noxasanoct Tamape. Honyuaercx, Hernnnxa nopran npemen, opora nx noroxa Bpemenn. Ho xax nt sect xonre? nsymnnact Tamapa. ax x n cama ne neam Hpocro ntnocnr menx. -ro eme n 1756 roe n Hernnnxy xnnynact. Cnana ory, menx Mnrpnu, npnnnxenno x marymxnntm noxoxm, ynpenn: snaer npo rex aptx Hnxonaenna-ro uro snaer? uro mt c Bacxrxo-xonmxom ny uro nma x emy. On mne orxptncx. Hy n x emy n pyxn anacx Ho-naroponomy-ro +ro nmont npostnaercx. Hy a y nac no-npocromy ronapnnann n pyxn nomna. Bona xax! Tamapa ncxnnynact rax nor orxya ntpaxenne norn no pyxam. Btxonr, nsnauantno ono nmeno concem ne orpnnarentnt cmtcn, ne ocyxammn. Marymxa-ro +roro ne ntnocnna concem! nce oxcnxna ennna. Ona x Kponano Faptne ne npas crana. A xax myx ymep a ocranact ona es myxcxo nacxn-ro, nauana yxaxepon npnmannnart. Hy n nnmnnact n onoro Hnxona Anpeennu Tmruen ero snann. Ofpepakfupoean u onynukoean ua cafe : PRESSI ( HERSON ) Tmruen uro-ro ncnomnnaercx. ecrnnrentno, e namero snamennroro no+ra Tmruena nmen xaxym-ro nmonnym nnrpnxxy Xopomn tn apnn, opt, npoonxana enymxa. uacrentxo nac npeynpexan, uro marymxa ne n yxe. Ho ontct ynnen Kponanym Faptnm n ene, xax ona nopontx-ro cexna rax nmont c nero, cnonno uynox, n cnana. Vexan on or marymxn-ro. Hy a norom n nonce pyrym samyx nosnan. Tax nama aptnx-ro rax ocepuana na ecxrxa enox xnnxrxom sannna. Ony, na cnocxx yxe monoyxy, npyrom xenesntm nporxnyna. Iocnot Cnacnrent, xax xe xpnuana, enax Mortxa, cnyra, rora yxn sarxnyn ne tno nosmoxnocrn xpnx-ro raxo crpamnt cnymart, ax marymxa n cepnax, pacnanxct, emy yxn-ro n orpesana. Ouent yx ona rora na ncex nnmnenntx ocepuana. Oconnno na enox. Bce e xasanoct, pas ne moxer naxasart nenecry Tmruena, rax cnonx enox nsneer. Hy n nsnonna. Tax uro, nposnan, uro e npo menx c Bacxrxo nsnecrno crano, x n Hernnnxe n yronnnacx. Bce nerue, uem nsoxnyrt, nporxnyro xenesxxo-ro. Horomy x roxe peenouxa xana. Hy a pas menx ne ocrart yx tno, Canrtunxa-marymxa Bacxrxy xnnxrxom n ouxe sannna. H xax xe renept? co crpaxom ocneomnnact Tamapa. A nnuero ennna yntnynact. Tyra mnoro enox xro or nmnn n peuxy xnnyncx, xoro myxnxn, uro cxptrt cno rpex, cronxnynn. 3a nexa-ro ryr rtcxun ym nocnenn npnmr namnn. Ho ea recno nam. Bor n ntranxnnaer noa napyxy. A xro n cam ntxonr. V nac xe nent nmeercx. Ecnn xro xnnym ymy nmecro cex n peuxy saneer, rax cam ns nonoro nnena ntpnercx. Ho mt, Canrtunxnnt enxn, pyrym nent nmeem. Xornm n xaxom- nnyt npemenn Kponanym Faptnm nocrepeut n c coo ynonout. He nter y nac, nporonopnna Tamapa ocnnmnm ronocom. Ee sa snepcrna ocynnn n 1768 roy n noneprnn rpaxancxo xasnn. Kasnnnn? Bor cuacrte-ro! enymxa ncnnecnyna pyxamn. Her, rpaxancxax xasnt +ro xora uenonexa npnnxstnamr x nosopnomy crony. Ee na Kpacno nnoman npn ncex npnnxsann. Ha ronono y nee cnomann mnarn. 3ro sauem? Tax noxasann, uro nnmamr ee nopxncrna, uro renept ona nnxro. A norom ynesnn n Hnanoncxn monacrtpt n ram nocannn n xamennt memox. 3ro xopomo! yntnynact enymxa. Btxonr, nepe cmeprtm ona ysnana, uro raxoe crpaannx. Ho c pyro cropont nnoxo. Hnanoncxn monacrtpt n Fenom ropoe. Tam Hernnnxa ne reuer. A mt ne moxem ntxonrt sa npeent pexn-ro. 3naunr, nam Kponanym Faptnm ne cnonnrt nn n xaxom npemenn. Hnoxo Ho moxer Hpnspaunax ennna nonxna rnasa na Tamapy. Moxer, x rex cnonnm? Tomax npnspaunax pyxa nporxnynact x Tamape, nauana pacrn na rnasax, ntraxct orxnyrtcx o ropna, sacnernnact n nacrynammnx cymepxax Tamapa nsnnsrnyna n nenponsnontno nepexpecrnnact. Koneuno, xax n nce xnrenn Crpant Coneron, ona ne onxna tna nepnrt n Fora. Ho yx cnnmxom uacro Tamapa omanact co crapo axrpnco nouxnno. A Anexcanpa Anexcanponna nepnna croxo n ncrono, axe necmorpx na ro, uro nepa sanpemanact n ntcmennanact. H nor renept Tamapa nenponsnontno ncnomnnna monnrny, xoropo ee yunna crapax axrpnca. Orue nam, samenrana Tamapa, nxe ecn na Heecex Hpnspax eno yronnennnnt epnyncx n pacraxn n neuepnem cympaxe. Ftn nnn npnnnencx? Henonxrno. Ono xcno: crapax axrpnca cnacna xnsnt cnoe nepno noxnonnnne. Ho1ox Bpeuenn Paou peuu Heeuuuuu Koneuno, n namem ropoe Mocxna-pexa rpaoopasymmax. Heapom y ropoa n pexn ono nmx. Ho Hernnnxa pexa ranax. H xorx n nyumne npemena tna y nee nnna ncero-ro 7,5 xnnomerpa n uncnnnact ona nnmt npnroxom Mocxnt-pexn, no nnnxnne ee na xnsnt ropoa nceoemnmme. axe saxnmuennax n 1817 roy n rpyy n cnpxrannax no semnm, ona mncrnuecxnm opasom nosecrnyer na mocxnnue. Pexa-mn]. Pexa-npnspax. Ho ee cnmnont na nce nonepxnocrn nenrpa: paon Camorexn c Camoreuno nnomatm ram, re pexa rexna, xasanoct, nosnnxax cama coo, no na camom ene nnraxct ns mnorouncnenntx pyuten; Hnerno yntnap ram, re nexora no eperam tnn pasnrt nnerounte cat, Tpynax nnomat n Tpynte ynnnt ram, re pexy cnpxrann n rpyy, Hernnnnax ynnna ny +ro nasnanne ronopnr camo sa cex. A uero cronr rontxo nponoxennt uepes Hernnnxy Kysnenxn mocr roxe mocr-npnspax, xoroporo yxe anno ner, na mecre xoroporo renept xpenxax yntxnax mocronax. Ho net nmenno ram, na Kysnenxom, oocnonannct camte nerenapnte mocxoncxne npnspaxn: cept +xnnax c npnspauntm nosnnne, xoropt sanpaer n neunocrt nountx sasenanmnxcx npoxoxnx, npnspax necuacrno ]pannyxenxn Xyxy, nornme no xonecamn nnxaua n nauane XX nexa, nnn nor yxe ynomnnaemte npnspaxn samyuenntx xpenocrntx Kponano Faptnn Canrtunxn. A pxom c ycato Canrtunxn mexy Kysnenxnm Mocrom n Hyxnxo cymecrnonana or nerponcxnx o exarepnnnncxnx npemen eme n Kannenxpnx rantx en c ntrountmn xamepamn n npounmn npenecrxmn nx pasnxstnannx xstxon. Tax uro nemypeno, uro n XX nexe na rom xe mecre nosnnxnn crpoennx Hyxnxn uK HKB CCCP. Cnonom, nx npnspaxon sarynenntx ym mecro nnonne noxoxmee. Hy a not pexn ecrnnrentno noroxn Bpemenn. Koneuno, nonauany Hernnnxa tna npexpacno, uncro pexo, ne orxromenno nnxaxnmn crpamntmn nocnomnnannxmn. Hsnecrno, uro eme c XIV nexa sect xnnena xnsnt. Pexa nonyunna cnoe nasnanne ro nn orroro, uro y nee tno nernnnncroe no, ro nn orroro, uro no eperam ee pocnn nncrnennnnt (nerna pasnonnnocrt nasnannx +roro epena), ro nn orroro, uro es rnnnt tna no mnornx mecrax saonouenno (Hernnnox osnauano onorne). Eme ee nposnann Camorexo, noromy uro rexna xax t nnorxya cama no cee. Xorx na camom ene ona nanonnxnact noamn pasntx pyuten (nnpana n cex 17 npnroxon) n 11 npyon. Haunnanact ona x sanay or Maptnno pomn ns ontmoro onora, nastnanmerocx n XVII nexe Hamencxnm, Hammencxnm nnn Hommnncxnm (no-mmnncxnm ro nmt no mmn-ny mxy). Maptnna poma n camo no cee mecro nerenapnoe. Ho y Hommnncxoro onora ecrt n cocrnennax nerena. Ona paccxastnaer o rom, uro nexora n +rnx mecrax tno nnonne npnronoe nx npoxnnannx eso ncxxoro onora mecro. Hpnmepno n XIV nexe ram Ofpepakfupoean u onynukoean ua cafe : PRESSI ( HERSON ) oocnonancx nexn apon Pesnxx (nnno, ooxan pesart a ynnart), nenecrt xax xnnnmncx n Mocxonnm ns samopcxnx sement. H tn on xecroxocepen n nomat ne snan. Bcero onacancx, nnno, tno uero. Ocoo ne nmnn nesnaxomtx, nenecrt orxya sapeammnx crpannnxon. Taxnx on caxan n ocoym amnm ntrox n npnxastnan xasnnrt. Ho onaxt monoax ntranxa ntsnonnna onoro ns crpannnxon n npoxnxna semnn apona. Camoro ero oopornna n nonxa. A semnn aponcxne crann onorom, orxromenntm mncrnuecxo n xecroxo ncropne. Hpo +ro nenpemenno cronr nounrart mocxoncxym nereny, annym n xonne xnnrn, urot ceuac ne npeptnart paccxas o cocrnenno Hernnnno pexe. Ho ono xcno: axe ncrox pexn Hernnnxn tn onexn mpauntmn n mncrnuecxnmn nerenamn uro yx ronopnrt o camnx noax pexn? Or ncroxa pexa Hernnnxa ner no Crpenenxnm ynnne n nepeynxam, paony Cymenxn (Crapocymenxn n Honocymenxn), or paona crannnn merpo Honocnoocxax nepexonr na Camorexy (Camoreunte ynnna, nepeynxn n nnomat). 3arem He-rnnnxa saxonna no Hnerno yntnap n ntxonna n paone Tpyno nnoman, re n 1817 roy n tna saxnmuena n orpomnym rpyy. Horom pexa nonopaunnana na mro-sana. Bt ne nonepnre, no n ceuac ona reuer no HVMom, Tearpantno nnomatm, Manexno nnomatm, ntxonr x Kpemnencxo crene, ner no Anexcanponcxnm caom n y Boonsnono amnn Kpemnx nnaaer n Mocxny-pexy. A mt nnuero +roro ne nnnm, nx nac Hernnnxa pexa-npnspax. Tax cronr nn ynnnxrtcx, uro ram rnopxrcx camte nanmncrnunemne ena? Cynre camn. B 1966 roy nponeeno nropoe ycrte, nocxontxy, xax noxasann nocroxnnte nanonennx, ono ycrte ne cnpannxercx c noamn xynnranncro Hernnnxn. Or Tearpantno nnoman npoptnn xonnexrop xnnomerp nnno n 4 merpa mnpnno no ynnnamn Hnxontcxo n Bapnapxo. Tax uro Hernnnxa nauana cnnnart not n Mocxny-pexy pxom c rocrnnnne Poccnx. Cocrnenno, n ro npemx rocrnnnny-rnranr n crponnn nauann n 1964-m n saxonunnn n 1969-m. 3anne ntmno xaprnnxa. Tontxo nor xnrt n nem nnxro ne pnancx. axe xomannponounte nocroxntnt crapannct cnnnxrt ns nee xort x pystxm, xort x snaxomtm, xort npocro na nocro sa cno cuer. Mo pyr, noxnnmn ram 10 ne, saxnnn, cesxax, uro yx neenm cnart ne moxer, n ne n rapaxanax, xnmamnx ram, eno, no n camom yxe n nacrpoennn. Bce npemx uro-ro xaxercx nouamn, mepemnrcx. Emy, nanpnmep, rpesnncx myxunna no ]paxe n xorenxe no moe xonna XIX nexa, a ero xonnere xaxax-ro oxptmnx n crapnnno mye c pyxanamn o nony. H net nemypeno! Hmenno na ncroxe pexn cxannnnaercx ontme ncero crpannoro mncrnuecxoro nerarnna, npnspauntx nnenn, npomemnx cxnost Bpemena. Hy n uro n nrore an +ror nerarnn? Iocrnnnny Poccnx nmecre c ee snamennrtm xonneprntm sanom n pecropanom, re ntrannct nosponrt crapnnnt p cnecnn. H na ee mecre nnxax ne moryr pemnrt, uro xe crponrt. Heynnnrentnt n re ]anracmaropnuecxne cotrnx, uro nponcxoxr no npemx nanonenn, xora Hernnnxa nanpaer camym Cnny. B 1973 roy no npemx momnoro nanonennx (nor n nropoe pycno ne cnacno!) nponsomno uH npxmo na Hernnnno ynnne ns xonnexropa not nonxnn na nonepxnocrt. rpyn nensnecrnoro myxunnt. Oexy ero counn crapomono no net xaxnx rontxo uynxon ne xnner n Mocxne. H n xonne nexa cronnunte crapopexnmnte crapymxn uacro ro n mnxnxn, ro n mnrenxn onauannct. Bnpouem, xpnmnnanncrt, npntnmne na mecro, oexo ne crann samopaunnartcx sa npemx npetnannx n noe ona ncrnena n pasopnanact. Ho nor no nnyrpennem samnrom xapmane onapyxnnact nenepoxrnax naxoxa rxxent sonoro nepcrent c ontmnm pnnnnanrom. Hanepnxxa xpaent. Hnaue oruero xapman samnr? Mnnnnnonept npomepcrnnn apxnnt ntxcnnnn, uro noont nepcrent nn y xoro no npemena CCCP ne nponaan. Koneuno, nosmoxno, xontno yxpann y xonnexnnonepa- anrnxnapa, no net rora tno ne xax ceuac nce xonnexnnonept roxe croxnn na nernacnom yuere. H npo nx xonnexnnn roxe tno nsnecrno. Hn y xoro ns nnx noonoro coxponnma ne nmenoct. H nor rora cneonarent Erop Coonen pemnn oparnrtcx sa ornerom x ncropnn pexn Hernnnxn. H onapyxnnact ]anracrnuecxax, no peantno nponsomemax ncropnx, cnxsannax c nepcrnem, noapenntm Exarepnno Bennxo nexoe nennne. Hanepnoe, nt yxe oraannct, uro nennne ro tna Ennsanera Canynona. Ta camax, o xoropo paccxasana nenepoxrnym ncropnm nerenapnax axrpnca Anexcanpa nouxnna. Ta camax nennna, uro ntcrponna na Hernnnxe-pexe nerenapnte ann, cymecrnymmne n no ce ent. Ho xaxo xe mncrnuecxo nnrtm oxasancx cnxsan nepcrent, ntnonnennt ns Hernnnxn XX nexa, c nennne nexa XVIII? A anare ncnomnnm ncropnm Canynm: umntnan onepa Vuuua Heeuuuuaa, 14 Monoo renop Merantnnxon nononnn y npoxono Herponcxoro rearpa Ennamnnm Hpoxopony a n samenran na yxo: Cxaxn namnm mntm nenyntxm, aymxa, uro nauantcrno na sanrpa annt ent nasnauaer! Hpoxopona, ncnonnxnmax ponn naropontx crapyx, ax xpxxnyna or yonontcrnnx nor nonpemx! A ro or nontx exopann ntnt cronom, or cnexexpaxmanentx xocrmmon reno uemercx, a n na macxnx ynnnax Mocxnt xapnma. Koneuno, exenn xro orar, n cocrnenno ane ropocxym ntnt cmtrt moxer. a axrepam cnon antxn orxya nsxrt? Cnonocnemtcx n noxann nor n nce mtrte! Hapy ner nasa omecrnennte ann n Mocxne n ony nout cropenn. Tenept rontxo xynunxa Homaxnna epxnr nomonoe saneenne na pexe Hernnnno. Hapo rya saremno ouepen sannmaer. C yrpa xencxomy nony nasnaueno, a c nonynx myxecxomy, cnaxo npomenran monoo renop. Hy yx a x nopantme npnery. Hamn cyapymxn n pyamxax xpaca- ncroma. Hornxxy! Ocoenno sa nonentxo nennne Hnsontxo Canynono! Htn, oxantnnx! Crapyxa Hpoxopona rxnyna monooro renopa no pepo nantnem. 3ro mt ryr x npocrtm npanam npnntunte, a Ennsanera Cemenonna cronnunax mryuxa. B Canxr-Herepypre, ronopxr, nmnmnne camo nmneparpnnt Exarepnnt Bennxo tna! A uro x rora n Mocxne oxasanact, npoe xax n cctnxe? ynnnncx Merantnnxon. 3ro eno nenonxrnoe orptsnynact crapyxa. Temnoe eno Bce remnte ena na npocner onnaxont! Monoo nonenac cnepxnyn ouamn. Myxenex- ro y Canynono, xort n nepnocrarent aprncr, a na ecxrox ner cnoe cyapymxn crapme. Heoct ra n sanena amypt nenosnonnrentnte. Bor ns cronnnt n cnponannn. Monun, cnnernnx! samnnena Hpoxopona, nonex rnasamn. Ofpepakfupoean u onynukoean ua cafe : PRESSI ( HERSON ) Tenop oepnyncx a axnyn na necrnnne croxna ra camax cronnunax mryuxa. Hnxo noxpyrnn yc, rearpantnt noneca xnnyncx x ne nonenonart pyuxy. a rontxo naronxnyncx, xax na crenxy, na xonont nsrnx xpacannnt. Xopoma, nnuero ne cxaxemt! Inasa remnte, esonnte, ]nrypxa rouenax, nneun onaxennte cnonno ns aneacrpa ntnennent. Ho nmt xax nenpncrynna. Pyxn ne noana n rontxo ocneomnnact rnynnntm apxarntm ronocom: Mt, xaxercx, ne npecrannent? Hy npxmo nopnont nepemonnan! K uemy raxo sa xynn-camn-ro? Hmnmen rearpantntx am ne npnntx x xonontm nsrnxam. nam naprnep, renop Merantnnxon! ycmexnyncx on. Hosnontre nam nepno coomnrt: n sanrpamnn ntxono nauantcrno nasnauaer annt ent! Kpacannna axe ne cmyrnnact, rontxo nneuamn noxana mne, mon, uro? H ryr xonapnt nonenac ne cepxancx c noxontpxo: Bt net y nac n onepno rpynne camax monoax yere. Tax uro nam, necpannennax, nouernax oxsannocrt ntnaer xypannem noy nx namnx nourenntx marpon xauart! Crapyxa Hpoxopona orrecnnna nacmemnnxa: He cnymare ero, xpacannna nama! Koneuno, y nac ryr nce no-npocromy. B Herepypre-ro, ronopxr, noonponot nponenn. A y nac n mocxoncxnx antxax nmn camn cee noy ns He- rnnnxn nexnrptm xypannem xauamr. a nac +ro ne xocnercx, na ro enuonxn ns xopa ecrt. 3aro nomoemcx nce ncnacrt! H crapyxa cnaxo sennyna. Canynona naryxno yntnynact n ntcxontsnyna ns rearpa. Bor xax xnsnt nonepnynact! B Canxr-Herepypre tna Hnsontxa onepno npnmo, nena nepe camo rocyaptne, a n Mocxne ona nnxomy ne nsnecrna. Tyr cnon onepnte npnmt ecrt. Hycrt n ne raxne ymente, xax nncrarentnax Canynona, saro cnon, nmnmte. Xopomo myxy, Cnne Hnxonaennuy, on na mocxoncxo cnene eme saonro o nerepyprcxo nrpan. 3ect ero nce nomnxr, cunramr nyumnm xomnxom. A Hnse non npenaramr noy nx mocxoncxnx crapyx racxart!.. A net tno npemx Hnsa sanoxana xanyuxamn no momeno mocrono ne xouercx part nsnosunxa, xora nemt, nce xpue ncnomnnaercx Cemt ner nasa, n xnnape 1787 roa, 15-nernxx Hnsa nnepnte cnena n xonnepre na 3pmnraxno cnene, n ne uro-nnyt, a cnoxnemym apnm ns onept Hansnenno Cnyxanxa-rocnoxa. Hpnnopnte rpomxo, nnuyrt ne saorxct o uyncrnax ncnonnnrene, ocyxann nennn. Hnso nce nocxnrnnnct menno-conpano, pexoe no xpacore n cnne c nanasonom n rpn oxrant. Cama nmneparpnna noxenana ee npe cnon cnernte oun. Btcoxax, rpysnax, no nce eme oaxrentnax, Exarepnna Bennxax croxna n Ionyo sane, oerax no- omamnemy n pacmnrt xemuyramn xanor, net n cam 3pmnraxnt rearp cunrancx omamnnm. Xnnte rnasa nmneparpnnt xano nnnnnct n monoentxym nennny, xoropax npncena n nnxamem penepance, onycrnn oun ony. Kax rex sonyr, mnnax? c yntxo ocneomnnact nmneparpnna. Hnsa saanena, xax maxon nner, n ene cntmno ntannna: Ho a]nme Hnsontxa A ]amnnnn ner Hmneparpnna ynnnenno nonepnynact x croxnmemy pxom xnxsm Fesopoxo: Tt y menx sa rearpamn nasnpaemt. A ny pacronxy, xax +ro ner ]amnnnn? Knxst ntrep ncnapnny: Tax net enymxa cnpora. Heneomo utx. Onn ronopnnn xonmxa xonnena nnyuxa, pyrne nonapa ueopona. Ecnn n mecrt ner ne nsxnn ee n Tearpantnym mxony, nomepna t c ronoy. H ryr Hnsa opena ap peun. Marymxa! saxpnuana ona, pyxnyn na xonenn nepe +ro opo xenmnno, sannrepeconanmecx ee cyto. Bt mox marymxa! pyro ne snam! Exarepnna nonxna enymxy: Pas x rnox mart, cama n ]amnnnm am. Bor neanno acrponom-anrnnuannn c+p Vnntxm Iepment orxptn nonym nnanery Vpan nastnaercx. A x orxptna rex. Fyt xe c +roro nx Vpanono! Bor rax no nenennm nmneparpnnt n opena Hnsa cnom nepnym cnennuecxym ]amnnnm. Hpnnopnte e pyuxn nenonann, a n Mocxne xaxo-ro renopnmxa es npecrannennx neser. A nce noromy, uro myx, ne orxonnmn nn na uac or xent n Herepypre, renept nce npemx re-ro nponaaer. V nero xe non-Mocxnt n npnxrenxx, a Hnsa o cnx nop cnonx rearpantntx ronapox nyraer ona net nnsopyxa A xora-ro crpacrnax nmont tna! Cnna Canynon nrpan c Hnso n npnnopnom rearpe npnxrntm apnronom nen n xomnuecxnx onepax, a n pamax cnannncx n amnnya rearpantntx cnyr: ncnonnxn Cxanena n nepepaorxe ntect Montepa, Cnyry nyx rocno n xomenn Iontonn. Ftn Cnna xpacnn, ananraxen rnasa xryune, npnrxrarentnte, nonoct xax noponono xptno. Becen, oaxrenen no-xanxascxn, neapom ntxoen ns poonnro rpysnncxo cemtn. B nanart nxrt ner npnexan n Mocxny, nonan n rearp a n ne cmor xnrt es cnent. C pontmn nonsopnn, ]amnnnm no-pyccxn nepennaunn. Cnauana nrpan n Mocxne, a c 1783 roa n Herepypre. Vnnen Hnsy n, xax xanxascxn myxunna, nnan n crpacrt. Hoapox cenan nopasnrentnt cnennantno nx nmnmo npnmt nepenen nnperro onept Moncnntn Hpexpacnax Apcena, naro opasonanne nmen npenocxonemee. Hy xax raxoro ne nonmnrt?.. A ryr eme nmneparopcxn noapox. Onaxt nocne cnexraxnx marymxa Exarepnna noapnna Hnse pnnnnanront nepcrent c cocrnenno pyxn: Tt, mnnax, npexpacno na cnene nmont nrpaemt. Ho mo nenuantnt noapox ne nx nrpt ero rontxo xennxy yymemy oramt, xora npemx npner! Bor npemx n nacrano. Cnna xaran ee na rpoxe no Hencxomy, npnnocnn yxert c Mapcona nonx. Taxom, xoneuno. Vnnena t nonnnnx, uro axrep nomaer cnpent na napcxom none, nocannn t n xyrysxy. Ho Cnna eccrpamnt n nonxn nn pasy ne nonancx. Ono nnoxo: nce npemx neprnrcx noxpyr Hnst cnxrentnt xnxst Fesopoxo ro no rononxe nornanr, ro meuxy ymnnner, a ro n nonce noponnr nnnxnmn ryamn umoxnyrt. A nepe npemtepo onept nannno peno, nasnauenno na xonen xnnapx 1790 roa, re Hnsa onxna tna ncnonnnrt pont Amypa, noome yxacnt cnyua ntmen. Hnsa o cnx nop poxnr, xora ncnomnnaer Ofpepakfupoean u onynukoean ua cafe : PRESSI ( HERSON ) Tora Vpanony nosnann n xocrmmepnym. Tam yxe cyernnnct noprnnxn. Tynnxa Amypa oxasanact o roro xoporxa nnuero ne npnxptnaer Hnsa saneprenact nepe sepxanom, ne samernn, uro noprnnxn xya-ro ncuesnn. Vntnynact cnoemy orpaxennm a n sacrtna na mecre. Hs sepxana na nee cmorpeno cnacronmnnoe nnno Fesopoxo n enom napnxe. Hnsa nsnnsrnyna, ntraxct npnxptrtcx Amypono rynnxo. a uro cxpoemt no xycouxom rxann c naomxy?.. He nyracx, mo Amypunx! crpacrno samenran xnxst. op, x mep. 3a onn rno noneny noapxamn sananm! Heoct cntmana, xax x rannopxy Henymxy cnoe nosntmenno nmontm xanonan? Cyty e ycrponn: samyx sa ecrnnrentnoro crarcxoro conernnxa ntan. B npnanoe c nenoro ropoa orxyn nanoront noxanonan exeront oxo 80 rtcxu. Cnepx roro om n Herepypre noapnn, 300 rtcxu croxmn Hnsa cnymana xapxn menor n nxnmanact n xononoe sepxano. Kro x ne cntxan o meporax cnernemero xnxsx! a rontxo Hnse n ]nnan ro ncropnn nsnecren saymnn xax-ro crarcxn conernnx cnom xeny Henymxy. A na cnecrnnn noxasan: cama neuaxnno na nnnno xoce yannnact. Oropnanmnct or sepxana, Hnsa ntnannna npxmo n pacnanennte rnasa xnxsx: , name cnxrentcrno, samyx sa axrepa Canynona ntxoxy! Fesopoxo cxpnnnncx: 3auem ree +ror nnmn? Inxn, uro x ree npnnec! H xnxst ntnyn nauxy accnrnann raxo ronmnnt, n xaxym n ne nepnnoct. Honmnnnnona rontxo onycrn o cex! H xnxst cynyn nauxy npxmo n exontre Hnsouxn. Ta ncxpnxnyna, ornnxnyna cnxrentnoro cnacronmna n, ne rnxx, pocnna entrn n ropenmn crapt xamnn Ha pyro ent ysnana Hnsa, uro xnxst ntcnan Cnny n Xepcon. a ne npocro ntcnan, a nenen npn oxasnn npoart ero n pacrno na xaxo-nnyt rypenxn xopant. A camy Hnsy cnacronmen copancx noxnrnrt n ynesrn n ono ns cnonx nmenn, re y nero rant cepant. nx rocyaptnn xe npnroronnn nereny: mon, enymxa ne ntepxana pasnyxn c nmnmtm n yronnnact n Hene. Knxxecxn xamepnnep axe nsxn n rearpe onn ns xocrmmon Vpanono. Hasanrpa ero onxnt narn y camo not. Bor rora-ro Hnsa n nonxna nentsx mennrt! Ha nnxamem cnexraxne ntexana ona na cneny c npomennem. A re eme ona, axrpnca, morna ynnert nmneparpnny? B ror neuep mna onepa ueyn c ertmn na mystxy pyccxoro xomnosnropa Hamxennua n ncnancxoro ma+crpo Maprnn-n- Conepa, paoranmero n Herepypre, no ntece camo rocyaptnn. H nor, rporarentno pacxpacnenmnct, Hnsa sanena apnm reponnn paccxas o rom, xax npnesxan n epennm ropocxo nepronpax, cepepom apnn, sonoro cynnn, ntrancx conasnnrt nennnnym enymxy. Ho x n oman ne oranact! rnenno nponena Hnsa n, noexan x noxe npexnnn, re, cnonno npocro anrop nnperro, cnena nmneparpnna, ynana na xonenn:
Mnnocepna xoponena! He nme na nac rt rnena, uro rpenoxnm rno noxo! Xanoy ree npnnocnm H ycepno, cnesno npocnm: Hac onen apnn sno!
H Hnsa nporxnyna rocyaptne xanonym nernnnm. Hayrpo ee ntsnann n npnemnym mantx +pmnraxntx noxoen. Exarepnna cnena sa cronom paouero xannera n uro-ro tcrpo nncana. Hnsa xnnynact e n norn: Marymxa! Ho namemy conery x apent nepcrent eperna. Kax nt nenenn, xorena xennxy orart axrepy Canynony. a pasnyunnn menx c nmnmtm! Exarepnna oropnanact or nnctma: Xennxa rnoero n Herepypr nepnyr. ]enterepx nocnana. Bamy cnaty x paspemam n npnanoe ree am. Ho npo ntxoxy Fesopoxo nam npnercx satrt. cnoero xannnepa nenm! Cnata cocroxnact 14 ]enpanx 1791 roa n npnnopno nepxnn 3nmnero nopna. H ymaere, nonoxnra Fesopoxo ocrannn monooxenon n noxoe? Haoopor! Cronxnynmnct c Hnso, renept yxe Canynono, sa xynncamn, canonnt pasnparnnx rontxo neceno xoxornyn: A rt eme xpame crana! Xant, uro ne or monx rpyon. Ho ne ocx, x nanepcram! H nanepcran-raxn! Hocne xaxoro cnexraxnx cnyra xnxsx npnnocnn Hnse ro xemuyxnt pacner, ro anmasnte cepexxn. Iopxuax rpysnncxax xpont pocanact Canynony n ronony, no paccyox cepxnnan noptn, n pasxpennt axrep, cxpnnx syamn, xnan ouepenoe nonomenne na nonoc n xpnuan cnyre: Bepnyrt xnxsm! Ho onaxt Cnna onapyxnn oemncrt xomenex c nnnnnanamn Fesopoxo n, ne cepxanmnct, ycrponn xene nepnt cxanan. Beuepom, ncnonnxx pont nontnonmnno ntranxn Inrt n onepe Maprnn-n-Conepa Pexax nemt, Hnsa pocnna snononyunt xomenex n noxy xnxsx n nponena:
Hepecrantre ntcrnrtcx noxno H mtcnnrt rax esoxno, uro entramn nosmoxno B nmont x cee cxnonnrt!
Hynnxa npnmna n nocropr. Hpnxrno net nnert, uro npocrte axrept oepxnnamr noey na ncecnntntm nentmoxe. Fesopoxo naryxno yntancx. Ho pasne cnernemn xnxst npnntx nponrptnart?.. Hayrpo n xnaprnpy Canynontx conepmenno orxptro ocrannnn mxarynxy c pnnnnanrontm rapnnrypom oxepente, xontno, pacner, cepexxn. H ymary sa nonnctm xnxsx: Fnaroapm sa npnxrnemee yonontcrnne! Cnna ycrnonan. Hnsa xoxorana: Oromnem nasa! Hocmorpnm, uro Fesopoxo oparno npnmner! Hapy nnncxnx cnonon! ypxnyn Canynon, no ycnoxonncx. Ofpepakfupoean u onynukoean ua cafe : PRESSI ( HERSON ) B xonne xonnon, pnnnnanrt moxno nsxrt sa mopantnt ymep. K romy xe mano nn uro cnyunrcx Bon nont npexrop xnxst Rcynon cran npnnpartcx x Canynony n nrpaer on-e nnoxo, n pone nx nero ner. 3ro on n yroy Fesopoxo! yremana xena. Ho Cnna yxe pemnn onn ocranxr nnacronmnnym cronnny n yeyr n cnoxonym Mocxny. Tam axrepa Canynona nomnxr n nmxr. H nepno, n 1794 roy Herponcxn rearp ncrpernn ero c pacnpocreprtmn oxrnxmn. Ho ne ero xeny Hnsa oroponeno ornxnynact: xya ona sapena, ncnomnnax nerepyprcxne rot? Ox yx +ra Hepnonpecrontnax! B cronnne nce ynnnt npxmt n neyr n nenrp, a n Mocxne onn xpnnte nepeynxn, re npas norepxemtcx. Hpnercx part nsnosunxa. Ha cemnym xnaprnpy ona nepnynact sannaxannax. B nepxx cronxnynact c myxem ror cnxn, xax naunmennt camonap, n rax xe pasynancx or ropocrn. uemy rt payemtcx? Tomy, uro x nponnyrana na uaca, ne naxox oporn?! osnnnact Hnsa. Cnna noxnarnn xeny na pyxn: Fontme ne yemt nnyrart! om xynnn n nyx marax or rearpa npxmo na Hernnnxe, pxom co snamennrtmn noponnoncxnmn caamn. A sanncart om xouy na rnoe nmx. Hpecrannxemt, xax snyunr: oconxx axrpnct Hmneparopcxnx rearpon rocnoxn Canynono! Hnsa axnyna ner, ne ymepna nmont! Ee Cnna cront xe mep n ntnox, xax n Herepypre. Ha pyro xe ent ornpannnnct cmorpert nont om.
Canynt
A anx n nem ecrt? cnpocnna Hnsa. Cnna nouecan n sartnxe. om ncem xopom npocropnt cnerno-xenrt oconxx n na +raxa c mancapo. Pxom ontmo yxoxennt npy. Hy xro x snan, uro xene eme n anx nonaonrcx?! Koneuno, uro oxasart cnom nmont, Canynon na nce roron. Fanx rax anx! A nnpouem Cnna npnxnnyn: moxer, nocrponrt ne rontxo nx cex? Bon, ronopxr, xynunxa Homaxnna co cnonx omecrnenntx ant entrn nonaramn rpeer. Ornnunax nexa yer orxya cpecrna na oecneuennym crapocrt nsxrt! Cnna net yxe ne mantunx nxrt ecxrox pasmenxn. a rontxo yuacrxa sa omom nx ontmnx ant manonaro. A cocen nent emente sanomnnn. Onaxo Hnsa or myxa ne orcrana: A nomnnmt, Cnna, mxarynouxy, xnxsem apennym? He cxynnrt nn yuacrxn sa ee neny? Cxasano cenano. Hpoann xnxxecxne pnnnnanrt, concem tno no pyxam c cocexmn yapnnn, no onn onxrt saapraunncx eme rtcuonxy sanpocnn. Cnna omo xmypt nepnyncx. A Hnsa cnoe rner: Bce panno nam nepx yer! Homna a n sanoxnna xontno, apenoe marymxo. Tax na xnxxecxne pnnnnanrt a nmneparopcxn nepcrent snamennrte ann n nauann crponrtcx. Fontme ecxrn ner Canynont eno nanaxnnann. Boonpono nponenn, ne ro uro y Homaxnno. Booorno cenann ns Mocxnt-pexn. Tam noa unme. A n saraxennym x romy npemenn pexy Hernnnxy rontxo ncnontsonannym noy cnnnann. Bce +ro sanxno mnoro npemenn. Tax uro rontxo n 1806 roy ann orxptnnct. Cnna nanxn ontrntx anmnxon a pacroponntx cnyr. Tenept nocernrenn mornn nonyunrt n ane pasnnunte ycnyrn nomtrtcx n nonapnrtcx, nocrpnut norrn n nonoct, cpesart mosonn. B mrare uncnnnnct nexapn-xocronpant, ncera roronte pasmxrt xocrouxn, n nexapn-rpannnxn, ryr xe sanapnnammne cnoe xnrpoe napeno. Inannomy anmnxy Canynon ntan necxontxo cepepxntx maex nx ocoo snarntx nepcon, xon nocemann rax nastnaemoe nopxncxoe orenenne. C ocotm pasmaxom ycrponnn y]er c orpomntm ntopom nnn n nannrxon. A nmecro recntx npeannnxon Hnsa yronopnna myxa cenart netnanoe n npocronaponom orenennn ontmne n uncrte pasenantnte sant, a n nopxncxom axe c sepxanamn n mxrxnmn nnanamn c enocnexntmn npocrtnxmn. Hycrt nmn ne npocro momrcx, no n omamrcx ncnacrt! H net npana oxasanact yxe na pyro ro n nopxncxnx sanax opasonancx cnoeopasnt annt xny nce, xro conpancx n snamennrtx mocxoncxnx canonax a n arnnnxom xnye, nanom nonannnn x Canynontm. Ho rem npemenam +ro tno nennanntm enom. Heapom mocxnnun axe nmx anxm nacxonoe npnymann Canynt. H cpasy xe nerent annte noxnnnnct xenmnnt saronopnnn o rom, uro xont nomoemtcx ns cepepxno canynoncxo maxn, cpasy cranemt camo xenanno nx cnoero myxunnt, xax Hnsa nx myxa Cnnt Hnxonaennua. Henecrt n anm nepe cnatamn nonannnn, amt n roax sa cepepo annoe ax pannct. H crontxo c anxmn xnonor oxasanoct, uro pemnnn Canynont cart nx n apeny ro xe Anorte Homaxnno. Oruero ne cart ena nanaxent Xnrt t es xnonor a paonartcx, a rontxo cran Cnna y pyse neenxmn nponaart, x xene nnrepec norepxn. Paccrpoennax Hnsa pemnna mept npenpnnxrt cama nomna n Canynt ns cepepxno maxn nomtrtcx. Pas ncx Mocxna ronopnr, uro cepepo Ofpepakfupoean u onynukoean ua cafe : PRESSI ( HERSON ) saronopennoe, neyxro ne nomoxer ono xosxxe?! Cnxna Hnsa orentnt xanner, napana nonnym maxy ropxue not a n ycntmana pasronop n cocenem xannere. Ionopxr, xosxnn ant, axrep Canynon, renept nentmn nxmn n oconxxe nopxnxn Crontnnno npocnxnnaer. a ne camy Crontnnny npnneuaer, a ee noponym enxy Hnsanery Iopynony! nsnonnonanno nsnnsrnnan onn xencxn ronoc. He noponax ona yxe! xnxnxax, orneuan pyro. Crontnnna ee sa nocnnrannnny epxana, a renept n nonce nontnym ana. Tax uro Canynon ony Hnsanery na pyrym cmenxn, n net uro ra, uro pyrax es poy es nnemenn! Hnsa ntcxounna ns ann, ene naxnnyn canonunx na moxpoe reno. Bexana n om, satxaxct or cnes, na xponart pocnnact. uro xe +ro?! Ona pan Cnnt ns ponoro Herepypra n nesnaxomym Mocxny yexana, cunra, cneny pocnna net sect e nert nourn neuero. A on nsmenmnxom oxasancx: xeny na noponym enxy npomenxn. o noun ona npoptana. A noutm no cne noxonym marymxy-nmneparpnny ynnena. Ta rnenanact: Ionopnna x ree, Vpanona, nnxomy nepcrent nonment ne orana! A rt ero pan xaxnx-ro ant npoana. Bor n naptcx renept!.. Hayrpo Hnsa npnxasana cnyram conpartcx: B Herepypr yeem! Tax uro, xora uepes ent nepnyncx Cnna omo, ram tno nycro nn xent, nn cnyr. B Herepypre Ennsanera Cemenonna Canynona nnont crana nert na nmneparopcxo cnene n onxrt c ]ypopom. Ocoennt ycnex ntnan na ee onm, xora no npemx nont 1812 roa ona nauana ntcrynart na xonneprax c pyccxnmn napontmn necnxmn, a norom n cama crana counnxrt necnn n pyccxom crnne. Tem npemenem nsmenmnxy Cnne npnmnoct-raxn ocrannrt cneny nmont c nontnoornymenno enxo ne npomna nesameuenno nx rearpantnoro nauantcrna. K romy xe axrep npnxnn c nenenuanno xeno eme n nesaxonnoro ctna Bnxropa, xoroporo sanncan na cnom poonym ]amnnnm 3anyxenn. a n co sopontem nauannct nponemt. H n 1820 roy Cnnt Hnxonaennua Canynona ne crano. Bor rora-ro Ennsanere Cemenonne onxrt npnmnoct ncnomnnrt opory n Hepnonpecrontnym: nona Iopynona nauana cyenym rxxy sa uacrt nacnecrna, ornncannym e Canynontm. Txxa rxnynact necxontxo ner, n, xasanoct, xonna e ne yer. Ennsanere Cemenonne, xnnme n Herepypre, npnxonnoct ne pas npnesxart n Mocxny. B onn ns raxnx npneson ona cnntno npocrynnact. Ftna ocent 1826 roa. Bepnte cnyrn ornannann xosxxy nnnontm uaem. Honpannnmnct, Canynona pemnna cex noanonart nomna n mnennpnym nanxy. Cxnonnnact na nnrpnno n axnyna n cnne apxarno xopoouxe cnernncx nepcrent c pnnnnanrom, noapennt xora-ro noxono Exarepnno Bennxo, a norom npoannt na ann. omo ona nepnynact cnxmmax. Ho yxe x neuepy sarpycrnna: Bor namnact norepx, a yx Cnnt ner. Hexomy noapnrt!.. B nout na 22 noxpx (c 3 na 4 exapx) 1826 roa Ennsanera Cemenonna Canynona nerna cnart, naen na estmxnnt nanen nnont operennt nepcrent. Kax oxasanoct, n nocnenn pas: x yrpy ee namnn estxanno. Ho uro camoe ynnnrentnoe, nepcrent c ee nantna ranncrnenno ncues. Moxer, ona nnont orana ero myxy renept yxe ncrpernnmnct c nnm na Heecax? Bcxxoe, xoneuno, trt moxer. O nnaennne Canynon, xoropte cpasy xe nonmnnnct mocxnnuam, no ropoy xonnn pasnte nerent. Mano xro snan, uro xosxxa ant na camom-ro ene axrpnca. Bce ymann, uro ona ns xynunx. Eme mentme nme snano, uro Ennsanera Canynona yexana n Herepypr, pocnn nsmenmnxa myxa. Ho net xya-ro xe ona enact? He noromy nn mocxnnun paccxastnann +ry ncropnm uncro no-pyccxn ynepxnn, uro, ysnan o nsmene myxa, enax Hnsa npocro yronnnact n ro camo Hernnnxe, na epery xoropo n croxn ee om. Eme paccxastnann, uro nepe crponrentcrnom ant xonna Ennsanera coneronartcx x snamennro raanxe, xnnme na Tpyno nnoman. Hy xax es raanxn-ro?! Mocxnnun ncera cnxro nepnnn npecxasannxm. B xaxom oxonorxe cnox, uyrt ne mrarnax raanxa nmenact. Ho x ntranxe, ocenme na Tpyno nnoman, esnnn co ncero ropoa. Tax nor ronopxr, uro +ra raanxa npepexna Hnse neuro nexopomee. axe orronapnnana noxynart om n crponrt ann na rnnno noe. Hyrana nontmn meprnenamn a ennnamn, yronnnmnmncx n Hernnnxe or necuacrno nmnn a nosopa. Ionopnna: He yer ree ram cuacrtx! Meprnxxn ero cee saepyr. H mocxnnun ynepxnn pyr pyra, uro enax Hnsa nonepnna raanxe n ntranact orronopnrt Cnny crponrt om c anxmn. Ho ror ropxun xanxascxn uenonex. H noromy xeny rontxo ntcmexn. Tax nnn ner, xonna nn Hnsanera x xaxo-nnyt raanxe, nensnecrno. Ho tna nepnax yma, snanmax npany, xomnantonxa Ennsanert Bapnapa Herponna. Mnoro ner npotna ona pxom c nennne, nce ee uyncrna n crpaxn neana. Tax nor, ycntman npo raanxy, Bapnapa Herponna rontxo nneuamn nepeeprnnana n ronapnnana: Inynocrn +ro! Axrpnct Hmneparopcxnx rearpon ne cyenepnt. 3nana Bapnapa n ro, o uem ne oratnannct noxnonnnxn nennnt Canynono-Vpanono. Ha camom ene, nrpax na nomocrxax reponuecxne ponn, n xnsnn Hnsontxa tna poxo, cxpomno xenmnno, spenne xoropo tno ncnopueno xpxnm cnerom cnennuecxo pamnt. Ona no ncem nonaranact na myxa, no ror Bapnape tno rxxeno ncnomnnart, no, ynt, ns necnn cnona ne ntxnnemt Cnna, xora-ro roront ymepert sa ooxaemym xeny, no npnese n Mocxny uacrentxo ee noxonaunnan. A pas rax ronxnyn, uro enax Hnsontxa ynana c necrnnnt n nonpenna nory. C rex nop rax n xonna, npnxpamtnax. H rontxo n rearpe epxana ]opc ntcrynana xoponennmno. uro x, nennrenn onepnoro ncxyccrna, a norom n pamarnuecxoro npenosnocnnn Ennsanery Cemenonny. Bet Canynona nrpana n n pame, nepno ntcrynnna n ponn Amannn n rontxo uro nocrannenno pomanrnuecxo ntece u. Bnnnepa Pasonnxn. Bapnapa craparentno ntpesana n naxnennana n ocoym rerpat rasernte crpoxn. Hanpnmep, raxne: Bneuarnenne, xoropoe nponsnonna ona na conpemenntx spnrene, tno uapymmee. 3romy cnococrnonana ee xpacora, ntpasnrentnoe nnno, npexpacnte, xnnte rnasa nce +ro, coxpanennoe o noxnnoro nospacra. Ofpepakfupoean u onynukoean ua cafe : PRESSI ( HERSON ) Kax nepno cxasano! Bapnapa roxe ncera rorona tna ronopnrt o xosxxe xnanente cnona. Ho nmenact nce-raxn ona erant, o xoropo nepnax xomnantonxa nomanxnnana. Oxasanoct, uro Ennsanera, saonen, npnxasana: Konn npyr nompy, snam, cma nona Iopynona xnnrcx. Heoct noymaer, uem noxnnnrtcx. Tt xort nce e ora. Ho nepcrenex mo c pyxn ctmn n ornecn ero n nepxont Cnxrtx Ennsanert n 3axapnx n 3naroycroncxom monacrtpe. Bapnapa Herponna rax n cenana. Ena cxonuanact ee xosxxa, nepcrenex tn cnxr n nonoxen n ocoym mxarynouxy. a rontxo cnauana cxopnte xnonort, norom ymaxnte ena, no n cnycrx neenm ne ornesna Bapnapa n monacrtpt sanernt nepcrenex. Vx ne c ecxrox npomno, a npyr noutm cntmnr xomnantonxa mym xaxo-ro n tnme xosxcxo cnantne. Xorena ncxounrt a omepna norn ne epxar. A ny xax Ennsanera nnn, roro xyxe, cam Cnna Canynon noxont n om xnnncx? 3apoxana Bapnapa menxo, xpecrnrtcx nauana, monnrny npomenrana npo cex mym n crnx. Hooxnact xomnantonxa n cnantnm nxonrt, rontxo yrpom ocmennnact. nept npnorxptna, a ram Oxomxo nacrext. Cexperep crapnnnt nsnoman. Oe mxarynxn c paronennocrxmn na nony nanxmrcx. Oe nycrte. Bnart, nopt nocernnn om noxonnnt. Bce c coo n yramnnn. Hepcrenex sanernt roxe yxpann. Koneuno, nonnnnm ntsnann. Ho uro ee ntstnart-ro?! Hpncran rontxo n cxasan: Hnre na Tpynym nnomat. Tam renept noncm xpaentmn nemamn roprymr. Moxer, samernre cnon nponaxn. Ham cxaxere. Hy a yx mt ryr xax ryr. Bapnapa Herponna nnmnyna n cepnax a n pemnna: For an For n nsxn. A nor nona Iopynona onro eme npo paronennocrn myxnnno xent cnpamnnana. Ho roxe nnuero ne onnact. Bce, n rom uncne n sanernt nepcrent, xax n noy xanyno. H nor cnycrx na nexa ntxcnnnoct, uro ecrnnrentno xanyno n noy. B peuxy Hernnnnym. Bnno, peunte orn naxasann onunxa ne crepnenn roro, uro nosapnncx xro-ro na sanernt nepcrent. Bor n crnnyn nop nmecre c xoneuxom na no Hernnn-pexn. A snaere, uro camoe nenepoxrnoe? Hocne roro xax tno saneeno eno o naxoxennn neonosnannoro rena nocne nanonennx n anrycre 1973 roa, cneonarent Coonen npnconoxynnn naennt anrnxnapnt nepcrent x eny. Tontxo nor ror nnocnecrnnn. ncues. He nao ymart npxmonnneno norepxncx nnn cnepnn. B re rot npecrynnenne noome tno pexocrtm, rem onee c rpynom n ncropnuecxnm nanerom. a n nnxaxnx xpax n mnnnnnn trt ne morno cee t opoxe crano. Tontxo nor nepcrent xax ncnapnncx. To ecrt on ntmen ns not na nonepxnocrt, cunra, uro cnaccx. Ho n pyxn nnxomy ne ancx. Moxer, o cnx nop ponr nmer xosxxy A nor ann Canynoncxne na epery Hernnn-pexn cee nonym xosxxy ctcxann. Ho oo ncem no nopxxy. Cnauana o camnx anxx. Canynt tcrpo opocnn cocrnenno ncropne, nerenamn n ranamn. Fanmnxn nopxncxoro orenennx noncm xnannnnct pyr nepe pyrom, xro xaxoro nouernoro rocrx nomtn a nonapnn. Cpen sanepnyrtx n enocnexnte npocrtnn nocernrene ocotm ycnexom ncera nontsonancx paccxas o rom, xax napnncx cmyrnt no+r Hymxnn. Fanmnxn cmauno paccxastnann, uro tn on raxo monoo a xpenxn, uro nmoro anmnxa o cetmoro nora ononn. A cam, ncxnecrannt na nonxe nennuxom ns monotx epes, pesno pocancx n nanny co ntom. a rontxo uepes mnnyry ntcxaxnnan na nonox n cnona rpeonan, urot anmnx ornoruenan ero xopomentxo. Fentm anmnxam, urot yronrt no+ry, menxrtcx npnxonnoct, a romy xort t uro. B y]ere nmnnn ncnomnnart pyrym ncropnm o ennce antone, nerenapnom repoe nont 1812 roa. Ce rycap, naxnnyn npocrtnm, ntnonsan ns napnnxn n y]er n rpeonan pycnnuno not, exnamnpyx ns Hymxnna: Fomct, pycnnunax noa mne ne naenana npea! Xopomo, xonn y]erunx tnan n xypce n nonocnn noy nxyne c noxo, a ro pasrnenannt nepasannenntm pycnnuntm npnnomennem rycap mor n onneyxy nnennrt. Kyneuecxoe cocnonne n Canynax cnom nereny sanmeno. Oxasanoct, urot crart cuacrnnno n paxe, xynunxe-nenecre nanexano naxanyne cnatt nomtrtcx n orentnom xannere ns cepepxno maxn. Kynunxn cnxro nepnnn, uro cama xpacannna Canynona ns +roro cepepa mtnact, orroro myx ee cront ropxuo n nmnn. Horom noxnnnnct n cemente orenennx. Hpana, nmecro xen c myxtxmn, nx oxxynnponann amt c montmn ononxamn n xomeuxamn. Tax uro anmnnam npnxonnoct mtrt ne rontxo nynornx, no n uerneponornx nocernrene. Onaxo es xosxxn nnoxo. Hocne cmeprn Ennsanert Cemenonnt nacnennxam Cnnt, nontnoornymenno Iopynono n ee ctny Bnxropy, onn ne nonaonnnct. Bce annoe eno Iopynont npoann nnyxy xynunxn Anortn Homaxnno, ro camo, uro epxana nomoeunte mecra eme o Canynoncxnx ant. Onaxo nnyx ee Bacnnn nxnatnart entrn n nomonoe eno ne cuen nyxntm. Tax uro ann nornxontxy npnxonnn n ynaox. Her, xoneuno, mocxnnun no-npexnemy nx nmnnn n nce eme snann Canynamn, no nce yx tno ne ro. B xonne xonnon Bacnnn Homaxnn sanoxnn Canynoncxne ann xynny-mnnnnonmnxy Hnany unpcanony, nnaentny xpynnemnx ponxntx cxnaon, no ntxynnrt ne cymen. Kynen xe cam anxmn ne sannrepeconancx n can nx n apeny npocromy canynoncxomy anmnxy Herpy Fnpmxony. Tontxo n cxasan: On +ro eno nonyume moero snaer! Bpeuena cauoypc1na Vuuua Kysueuuu Mocm, 15/8, cmp. 2 uuaue Poxecmeeuua, 8 Kynen-mnnnnonmnx Hnan Ipnroptennu unpcanon tn nnunocrtm no rem npemenam nnrepecneme. Xort n xnn n camom nenrpe Mocxnt na Kysnenxom Mocry n yrnonom ome 15, uro ntxonn oxnamn n na Kysnenxn n na Poxecrnenxy, no mecro cnoe na connantno necrnnne snan. H uacrentxo n cemte ronapnnan: Mt ne at xaxn oraren. Oren mo n Cepnyxone ponamn ropronan. H mne trt t ponxnnxom, no For nomor. Bsxn menx n Mocxny xpecrnt mnp npaxy ero! xynen nepno rnntnn Cemen Cemenonnu Beronen, xoroporo x xax orna nounram. uro x, Hnany unpcanony tno uem ropnrtcx. Bcero cam onncx. Haunnan n nanxe xynna Beronena n Crapom Iocrnnom nope, uro na ynnne Hntnnxe. Topronann ram ne at uem, a Ofpepakfupoean u onynukoean ua cafe : PRESSI ( HERSON ) mnennpntmn nsennxmn n paronenntmn xamnxmn. eno +ro ronxoe: no-nepntx, conasn na npnnanxax xe ronap na rtcxun pyne nexnr, no-nroptx, rnas nepnt nyxen, urot ne omanyrtcx: re paronennt xament, a re crexnxmxa. Ho Hnan unpcanon oxasancx uecren n uyrte nmen ormennoe: ns mantunxa na noerymxax cran npnxasunxom, a norom n onenmnxom. Cnoe eno orxptn. Cnauana cxynan y nomemnxon crapnnnte paronennocrn. H ropronan nmn ncero-ro na norxe. Tontxo x rpnnarn roam cxonnn ocrarouno ener nx orxptrnx cocrnennoro ena yxe n Honom Iocrnnom nope. H nnmt n 1857 roy on cmor xynnrt nepnt cocrnennt om neanexo or Tnepcxo ynnnt n Craponnmenoncxom nepeynxe, uro nanpornn snamennroro Fnaronemencxoro. Tya Hnan Ipnroptennu n xeny monoym npnnes. H onxrt xe nce c npnxnmuennxmn, a nepnee, co cnonm pacuerom n noponom. Ponrenn npnrnxnynmecx emy Bypouxn Hasapono orxasann cpasy n naorpes. He tn rora eme unpcanon mnn-nnonmnxom-ro. H xax xe on nocrynnn? A nsxn a n yxpan ennny ns nancnona. A yx xora ynann cnon cepeunte ena c Bypouxo a oxnnn ncem, uro ona y nero xnner, rora n nocnan sanono cnaron. uro tno enart ponrenxm cornamartcx na ro, urot nx out cnannnn na xaxom yrny?! Mocxna net ropo xort n ontmo, no narpnapxantnt. 3ro nam ne camoonontnt Herepypr. B Mocxne snte xstxn xymymex an npanxr. Cnonom, npnmnoct cornacnrtcx na pax. a rontxo nor nenepoxrnocrt-ro uepes napy ner xynunmxa rperte rnntnn Hnamxa unpcanon npas mnnnnonmnxom saenancx. Hy xro t noymart o raxom mor?! A ntmno nor uro. B 1861 roy, xax yxas o ormene xpenocrnoro npana oxnnnn, nomemnxam ne c uero crano xnrt. Bor onn n nonecnn pacnpoanart cemente nennocrn. A pacroponnt Hnan unpcanon ryr xax ryr: Ioron nsxrt, at nam nomout. Koneuno, ontmnx ener art ne mory. Camn nonnmaere, ceuac nn y xoro ener ner. Ho nce, uro nmem, nam oram. A cam orpomno cnoe nannme yxe n sarpeaer x cee ceptrn, pomn, nepcrnn sonorte a pnntxnronte. Homemnxam xya enartcx? entrn nyxnt. Bor n cnycxann nce sa nonnent. Hy a na pasnnne Hnan unpcanon cee mnnnnont n cxonornn. H, napan xannran, cran enom sannmartcx, a ne xamemxn onennnart nauan ropronart necom n crponrt n Mocxne oma. B enax on tn xpyr. Ecnn uro n ecnomaen. Onaxt na nero nanann nopt, snanmne, xax, nnpouem, n ncx Mocxna, uro unpcanon nocroxnno nosnr c coo nannunocrt. Tax on onoro ynn npocro yapom xynaxa, a nroporo sapesan. Xyrxn uenonex! menrannct no Mocxne. A xynen ne nooxncx axe cnecrnnx. Cam xnnncx n nonnnnm. Ftn ynepen, uro onpanamr. K romy npemenn on yxe npnxynnn om na camo oraro ynnne ropoa na Kysnenxom Mocry ror camt, yrnono 15/8, crpoenne 2 (nnaue Poxecrnenxa, 8). B 1875 roy nepeenan ero no npoexry apxnrexropa M. Apcentena. Hao cxasart, uro om tn c peantno ncropne. Mano roro, uro sect tnn ynnnrentnte marasnnt Fpnnnnanronax nanxa uynta, Marasnn nosymntx mapon uentmrema, areppornnnx Mmxxe (ro ecrt npemecrnennnna ]oromacrepcxo ona ns nepntx n Mocxne), no sect eme n pamarypr A. Cyxono-Kotnnn (xro ne snaer anrop Cnatt Kpeunncxoro) cnnman xnaprnpy nx cnoe nosnmnenno Hynst Cnmon-nmanm, n yncrne xoropo pamarypra n onnnnnn. Onaxo npoanancx raxo om n n raxom mecre nectma sa ymepennym neny. oromnt unpcanon, xoneuno, nonnrepeconancx nouemy? Emy n paccxasann nereny npo Cept +xnnax. Monna yrnepxana, uro n nauane XIX nexa, xora Kysnenxn Mocr eme ecrnnrentno tn mocrom uepes pexy He-rnnnxy, a ne ynnne, nactnanno nonepx pycna pexn, ro ecrt o 1817 roa, xora pexy pemeno tno saxnmunrt n nosemnym rpyy, pacnonarannct sect ]pannyscxne nanxn. Topronann rnnnuno ]pannyscxnmn ronapamn napxamn, xocmernxo, nap]mmepne. Hanxn tcrpo napann oopor, xosxena pasorarenn. Hy a ram, re noxnnxmrcx ontmne entrn, uro nao? Bepno anxn n nropnte oma. Hepnte tnn nerantntmn, nropte, xax otuno, ner. Ho+romy, urot ne nonecrn sanpemennt nsnec, +xnnaxn cnonann noxpyr n ocranannnnannct rontxo oxono sannx rpex anxon, orxptrtx aconmrno saxonno. Ho na camom ene nsnosunxn oxnannct rex, xro ntxonn ns nropntx omon. H cronr cxasart, uro ne nce nponrptnannct, mnorne, naoopor, ntxonnn c xapmanamn, nonntmn sonortx n accnrnann. H nor namencx onn nsnosunx pemnn sarpaacrart xym c raxoro ntnrpanmero cuacrnnnunxa. Hocann n cno +xnnax, sanes n rnyxomant a n ynn ram. enexxn, nsnecrno, cee sapan. Tontxo y ynroro nomemnxa tno rpoe ctnone-yantnon. Btxcnnnn onn, uro oren nx nsxn nsnosunxa, oeroro n nepocxym cepym oexy, cen n nenpnmernt cept +xnnax c rex nop ero nnxro n ne nnen. Hpocnennn napnn roro nsnosunxa n ysnann, uro uepes ent nocne ncuesnonennx nx orna nonoxnn ymeryen n anx orpomnym cymmy ener, connaammym c ornontm ntnrptmem. onro ymart ctnontx ne crann nsxnn n ynnn ceporo nosnny. a rontxo c rex nop n camte rnyxne n remnte noun cran noxnnxrtcx na Kysnenxom Mocry Cept +xnnax c nosnnne n cepom. Hnora on onro croxn es ena, nnora noome yesxan, no nnora nce xe noesxan x uenonexy, ntmememy ns nropnoro oma. H nnxora ne omnancx ror, x xomy on opamancx, ncera oxastnancx ns rex, xro nponrpancx nynent. Fapnn! npenaran Cept nosnnna cnaxnm ronocom. Bnx name nonoxenne, roron nonesrn n nmo xonen Mocxnt sa 10 xoneex. A nao cxasart, uro camax manax nena na xoporxn mapmpyr n npeenax Caonoro xontna cocrannxna 40 xoneex. cno, uro nponrpanmncx oxorno cornamancx, eme n naroapnn, caxct n Cept +xnnax. Bor rontxo nnxro eonary nnxora yxe ontme ne nnen. pyro t uenonex, ntcnyman raxym mncrnuecxym ncropnm, cro pas noyman, noxynart nn om rem naue nmenno ror, nepe xoroptm, no npeannm, uame ncero n noxnnxncx n cymepxax Cept +xnnax c npnspauntm nosnnne. Ho xpyroro unpcanona +ra ncropnx ne nponxna. Fontme roro, yxe uepes napy neent nocne noxynxn oma crapt rpexononnx cenan nemtcnnmoe npnxasan nepexpacnrt nce cnon +xnnaxn n cept nner n ntan xyuepam nnornte cepte naxnxn. Konn n xnnrcx +xnnax c roro cnera, emy npnercx xnrt no saxonam monx nosnnn. A xonn saxouer no-cnoemy rax y nnx xynaxn naontmne. Ormyrysxr rax, uro mano ne noxaxercx. Cnonom, n na npnnnenne xnanoxponnt unpcanon namen ynpany. H ecrnnrentno, nnxaxoro nocroponnero Ceporo +xnnaxa ne ncrpeuann na Kysnenxom Mocry, noxa ram Ofpepakfupoean u onynukoean ua cafe : PRESSI ( HERSON ) nepxononn unpcanon. A nor nocne cmeprn unpcanona n 1881 roy Cept +xnnax nnont nauan noxnnxrtcx, nyrax o cmeprn sasenanmnxcx npoxoxnx. Hy a n nauane XXI nexa mncrnuecxax n xommapnax cnana oma nornepnnact eme pas. Kora n 2009 roy crapoe sanne pemeno tno ro nn orpecranpnponart, ro nn nepecrponrt, axrnnncrt ropoa pemnnn oxornponart crpoxy. 5 anrycra 2009 roa onn ns KamA3on xpane neyauno pasnepnyncx n, ecrecrnenno, ne xenax roro, naexan na nsnecrnym omecrnennnny, samnrnnny ncropnuecxo sacrpoxn ropoa Hmmnny mnrpnenny Mennxony. V noxnno xenmnnt oxasanact nonpexenno nora, n ona nonana n ontnnny. Tam ona n cxonuanact 7 anrycra. H uro nopasnrentno KamA3 tn roxe ceporo nnera. Bor n ne yma nocne raxnx cnyuaen, uro npnspaxn ntptnamrcx na cnooy n conpamr cnom xarny Bnpouem, npn unpcanone nnxaxnx rparen ne cnyuanoct. On tn nourn xecrox c nounnenntmn, rax xe xax n xpyr co cnoe cemte. Xort n nmnn xeny Bypouxy n enncrnennym out Bepouxy, no cno nepx epxan esxanocrno. Kax norom ncnomnnana out, cuacrtx monoocrn x ne snanana. B 17 ner rxrentxa pemnn ntart ee sa anxnpa Boponnna. He nocmorpen axe, uro out n yxac npnmna or nenanncrnoro samyxecrna. H rora enymxa pemnnact na nennannoe noer ns ponrentcxoro oma. B ro yxacnoe yrpo noxpx 1879 roa c nea mopocnn xonmun oxt. Ocent npnnosnnnact. B +axym noroy n coax na ynnny ne ntronxmr!.. Bnpouem, n Bepouxy nnxro ne rnan cama ntexana. Ho xax tno nocrynnrt nnaue, xora rxrentxa, yxox n nanxy, nooeman, uro nmenno ceronx n nonent on npneer c xennxom?! Xennx!.. a pasne rax moxno nasnart crapnxa anxnpa Boponnna?! Hnnom ne rox, ryt npornnnte, pyxn nnnxne. Hy xax sa raxoro samyx nrn?! Vx Bepouxa n monnna nanentxy ne rynrt ee monoocrt, n ptana ropmunmn cnesamn nce spx. Vnepcx Hnan Ipnroptennu n rouxa. Ionopnr: nno ynnxy rex sa Boponnntm samyxem, nno meprno. cno, uro nn roro nn pyroro eno enymxe ne xorenoct, nor ona n cexana ns oma. Hponnyrana no rpxsntm mocxoncxnm ynnnam, sanepnyna sa yron xaxoro-ro oma, nocxontsnynact a n cexana na npoesxym uacrt. A ryr xax na rpex nsnosunx-nnxau: Hocroponnct! a xax xe nocroponnrtcx, xora norn ne epxar? Tontxo saxpnuana ne cnonm ronocom a n noxarnnact n npnopoxnym xanany H net nce panno namnn! Oren camonnuno, pyraxct na uem cner cronr, npnnes nenoxopnym out omo. A moxer, +ro cuacrte, uro npnnes?.. Hnaue nomepna t ernxnxa. H rax norom nent mecxn maxnact xamnxmn a npocryo. Hpana, naexnact: npyr oren nomer, cxont nenanncrno e samyxecrno? Kya ram! Mnnnnonmnx-npomtmnennnx Hnan unpcanon ncm xnsnt npnepxnnancx camtx crpornx omocrpoencxnx npannn. Ho xnarxe n ecnomanocrn xynnt nposnann ero necntm nonxom, nor n out cnom, enncrnennym nacnennny, ne nomann: ntan-raxn sa npnxrenx anxnpa Boponnna. Ho nnuero xopomero ns +roro paxa ne ntmno. Myx oxasancx pennnn a cxyn: epxan monoym xeny nsaneprn, ns pacxoon xaxym xonexy cunran. Ono cnono anxnp. Kpacannna Bepouxa rax n ne ysnana nn cuacrtx, nn necentx. Kasanoct, yx n ncx monoocrt npoer mnmo, no n 1881 roy ymep rposnt nanama unpcanon. Bepa ryr xe nsxna cnom cyty n cocrnennte pyxn: ntsnana nonepennoro n npnxasana nauart paxopasnont nponecc. Koneuno, eno oxasanoct nenerxnm: nenanncrnt anxnp cnoero ne ynycrnn sarpeonan mnnnnon orcrynnoro nannuntmn. Ho Bepa tna rorona na nce. 3aro y nee renept nauanact nesanncnmax xnsnt nontrornax a necenax. B oconxxe, ocranmemcx or orna, ona copana sonorym mocxoncxym monoext: xommepcanron n unnonnnxon, xyoxnnxon n axrepon. Bce monot, necent n cnmnarnunt. Hocrntx-ro nnn Bepa n npn npexne xnsnn nacmorpenact. Tontxo nor nocne anon a pasnneuenn Bepa o yrpa npocnxnnana na ymaramn, ntraxct pasopartcx n nanamnntx enax. uepes napy mecxnen yxe nnnxna no nce xosxcrno, sarpeonana nonepenntx n oxnnna, uro orntne craner necrn ena camonnuno. Tax nauanact ee npenpnnnmarentcxax xnsnt. Bnpouem, ne onn enonte xnonort sannmann Bepy unpcanony. Homnnna ona, cxont rxxena moxer trt nonenontnax xnsnt xenmnnt. Ho net yuacrt non eme xyxe. He noromy nn nauana ona crponrt om nx non n cnpor ontmo, yont, uertpex+raxnt. H coepxart ero nsxnact na cnon entrn. Hy a n ycate unpcanonxe ycrponna Bepa +axn nomocxonnt xyntrypnt nenrp, norom na cnon xe entrn nponena rya nerxy xenesno oporn. A xax ne nponecrn? B ee unpcanonxy npnesxann n noonry rocrnnn n Banxnnn, n Paxmannnon, n pyrne nsnecrnte nnn rontxo naunnammne axrept, xomnosnropt, nnreparopt, xnnonncnt. Kax xe nm onpartcx-ro? Hpnmemnn ns yymero Vuuua Hpeuucmeuua, 20 Onaxt na snmnem macxapae na concem eme mntx nacmemnnxa, xyoxnnxn Banenrnn Cepon n Koncranrnn Ron, noxnarnn Bepy no noxorxn, samenrann c nyx cropon:
Vnnna Hpeuncrenxa, om 20
Ofpepakfupoean u onynukoean ua cafe : PRESSI ( HERSON ) Oparnre nnnmanne na rnapecxoro nopyunxa Ianen-xoro! Enncrnennt nacnennx nontcxoro marnara-mnnnnonepa. B nac nnmnen, coxner-ynnaercx! Bepa nsrnxnyna n oomnena +roro xpacanna ona nnena uacrentxo. Ho noorn ror nnxora ne pemancx. A mt ero ceuac npnneem! H pasnecente npnxrenn xnnynnct x nopyunxy, cepxnnax xoxor. Haynn xynunxy! norep pyxn Ron. V nee ener nemepeno! pesonno samernn Cepon. A pyxnme Ianenxn nect n onrax. Moxer, ona nx sannarnr? Btmno eme saannee Bepa sa nopyunxa samyx ntcxounna. Vx nocne cnatt ysnana, uro nnxaxoro nant-marnara orpoxct ne tno. Hpana, Ianenxn-crapmn npocnannennt renepan, repo Pyccxo-rypenxo nont 1877 roa. Onaxo ener y repox ner. Ho pasne x n nnx, npoxnxrtx, cuacrte? Mnoro nn nmena ero Bepa, xora tna xeno anxnpa?! Cuacrte n conmecrnom rpye. A ymnnna Anexce Ianenxn cpasy xe npenoxnn xene nmecre enamn sannmartcx. Monoax ax npocnesnnact: +ro xe nennannoe, urot myx nperenonan ne na cocroxnne xent, a na omne xnonort! B xonne xonnon, Bepe ne sa yxranrepcxnmn xnnramn ropuart nao, a noxnrt-nonecennrtcx, noxa monoocrt ne ymna. enamn myxunna sannmartcx onxen. Oocnonannct monote na Hpeuncrenxe n ome N 20. Koneuno, y unpcanontx no Mocxne ontme nyx ecxrxon omon n nce n nenrpe. Ho om na Hpeuncrenxe Bepa xynnna cama n 1884 roy y nsnecrnoro xynna Bnanmnpa mnrpnennua Konmnna, pocrnennnxa Tpertxxontx, Moposontx n Pxymnncxnx. B +rom ome Bepy ne npecneonann nnxaxne nocnomnnannx nn o camoype-orne, nn o npaxnne-myxe nomep onn. 3ect onn c Anexceem mornn crponrt cnom xnsnt xax saxorxr, es ornxa na xoro-nno. Onaxo cxopo xnsnt monoo uert oxpacnnact nenonxrntmn mncrnuecxnmn ronamn. Ho neuepam n xomnarax pasanannct nenonxrnte snyxn, no nouam cntmannct rxxente nsoxn. Bepa crana saxnrart nounnxn, Anexce nce uame saronapnnan o rom, uro nao t nponecrn n ome samopcxym nxonnnxy +nexrpnuecrno. Ho xora Bepa ycntmana neny, nonpoc o samopcxom uye rexnnuecxo mtcnn tn cnxr. oporo! Ho rem npemenem myx nce ontme nepnnnuan, Bepa ncnomnnana ncropnm o rom, xax nanama unpcanon ornann or cnoero oma na Kysnenxom Mocry npnnnenne Ceporo +xnnaxa. Ho urot cront xe ycnemno nsannrtcx or yrnerammero nacrpoennx n saraountx cronon- snyxon, cneonano ysnart, xro nnnonnnx. Bepa pemnna ntxcnnrt, xro xnn n ome o Konmnna. Bet n cam Bnanmnp mnrpnennu nouemy-ro nectma tcrpo n neoporo npoan +ror om. 3naunr, n on cronxnyncx c uem-ro nenonxrno-nenpnxrntm? Oxasanoct, uro o 1861 roa n +rom ome na Hpeuncrenxe xnn, sect xe n ymep nncrarentnt renepan, repo Oreuecrnenno nont 1812 roa Anexce Herponnu Epmonon. Tontxo nor uem noxont renepan, ornnuanmncx nenepoxrntm eccrpamnem na oxx cpaxenn, mor noecnoxonrt uery nontx xnntnon, xynnnmnx om, xoropt nexora tn ero? a on onxen tn t paonartcx, uro n om nexann monote n nnmnennte nmn, net renepan n cam tn xnsnenmnn n asapren. Onaxo tna n ero xnsnn ona mncrnuecxax ncropnx, c xoropo on npomen ncm xnsnt n o xoropo crano nsnecrno nocne ero cmeprn. Bor uro pacxonan neyromnmt Anexce Ianenxn. Iepo Oreuecrnenno nont 1812 roa n noxopnrent Kanxasa, renepan Epmonon tn onnm ns nyumnx pyccxnx noenauantnnxon, uenonexom orpomnoro nnunoro myxecrna, nontsonanmnmcx esrpannuno nmontm n apmnn. Vxe npn xnsnn nonnrn renepana nocnenann Hymxnn, Hepmonron, Xyxoncxn. Monoo Hen Toncro ocyxan c Epmonontm remy cnoe yyme +nonen Bona n mnp. Onaxo n ncropnn Anexce Herponnu Epmonon ocrancx ne rontxo xax cnmnon onecrn pyccxoro opyxnx. Coxpannnnct mnorouncnennte cnnerentcrna roro, uro renepan onaan nopasnrentntm apom npecxastnart cyty, n, xax npannno, esomnouno. Tax, nanpnmep, n nout nepe Foponncxnm cpaxennem on nonpomancx co cnonm pyrom monotm renepanom Kyracontm, cxasan, uro ror naer cnom cmeprt or nymeunoro xpa. H ecrnnrentno, na cneymmn ent Kyracon tn ynr xpom, ntnymenntm c ]pannyscxo arapen. Hanpornn, sa ent o nrnt no Hennnrom 1813 roa Epmonon n pasronope c aponom Ocren-Caxenom xax t ncxontst samernn: He poe, nynn nx rex eme ne ornnro! Horom cenan neontmym naysy n oannn: a n noome nnxora ne yer ornnro. H net xax n noy rnxen! mnrpn Epo]eennu Ocren-Caxen ne rontxo ne nonyunn nn ono napannnt n Hennnrcxom cpaxennn, no ne tn panen n n ecxrxax nocneymmnx, yuacrnnxom xoroptx on cran sa cnom nonynexonym cnyxy n pyccxo apmnn. Horonapnnann, uro cnoconocrn x npecxasannm y Epmonona npoxnnnnct necnpocra. Bcnomnnann, uro xora on n monoocrn tn n cctnxe n Kocrpomcxo ryepnnn, ro cymen ncrpernrtcx co snamennrtm npopnnarenem roro npemenn monaxom Anenem. H xxot Anent orxptn emy nexym rany xax nosmoxno ynnert yymee. Tax +ro nnn ne rax, ceuac yxe ne ycranonnmt. Onaxo xe ecrt oxymenrantno nornepxennt ncropnuecxn ]axr sa nxrtecxr c nnmnnm ner o cnoe xonunnt Epmonon c aconmrno rounocrtm snan o ocnonntx cotrnxx, xoropte nponsoyr nnuno c nnm na nporxxennn nce ero nocneymme xnsnn, nxnmuax n ary cocrnenno cmeprn. H ocroxrentcrna, n xoroptx on nonyunn +rn snannx, tnn nectma n nectma saraounte. B ro npemx Anexce Herponnu cnyxnn ncero nnmt n unne nononxonnnxa n tn nocnan n neontmo nponnnnnantnt ropoox nponecrn ono cnyxenoe osnanne. H nor xax-ro neuepom cnen on sa cronom n xomnare ntenennoro emy oma, oymtnax noxasannx pasntx nme, c xoroptmn cronxnyncx n xoe paccneonannx. Bnesanno npxmo nepe cnonm cronom Epmonon ynnen nesnaxomoro uenonexa, cyx no oexe mecrnoro neoraroro ropoxannna. Anexce Herponnu nspornyn nnart, rax rnyoxo saymancx, uro axe cxpnna ornopxemo nepn ne ycntman. Xoren nosnart opnnapna, a xstx cnonno x ney npnpoc. Xoren cnpocnrt y nesnaxomna, uro romy nyxno, a n xax on noome sect oxasancx, no n ryr xaxax-ro cnna ocranonnna. Hesnaxomen xe, nncxont ne cmymaxct, nsrnxnyn npxmo n rnasa Epmonony, yntnyncx n npyr norpeonan: Bostmn nepo n ymary. Hnmn! Ofpepakfupoean u onynukoean ua cafe : PRESSI ( HERSON ) Kax sanopoxennt, Epmonon norxnyncx sa uncrtm nncrom, a npnmemn, onxrt yntnynmnct, nauan nxronart: Honnnnax norpa]nx. Hncan renepan or nn]anrepnn Epmonon Anexce Herponnu xoren tno nospasnrt, uro nnxaxo on eme ne renepan, a noxa nnmt cxpomnt nononxonnnx, no onxrt nnuero ne cmor ntmonnnrt n, cnonno sarnnnornsnponannt, ncnncan nent nncr ymarn, na xoropom npecrann ocnonnte cotrnx nce ero nocneymme xnsnn. 3ect ronopnnoct n o none 1812 roa, n o noesxe xo nopy nepcncxoro maxa n 1817 roy, n o cotrnxx na Kanxase, n o onane renepana npn Hnxonae I, n o nectma onrom nepnoe xnsnn n orcranxe nnnort o xonunnt n nectma nourennom nospacre. 3axonunn nxronart, ranncrnennt uenonex yonnernopenno nsoxnyn n npyr neoxnanno ncues, cnonno ero n ne tno. Epmonon xe, ounynmnct, xnnyncx x cnoemy opnnapny, naxonnmemy n cocene xomnare. Ho ror noxnxncx, uro nnxro ne npoxonn n xanner ero ntcoxonaroponx. Fonee roro, n ne ntxonn orrya. a n cama nxonax nept oma anno tna saxptra na samox. Honnmax, uro ncropnx +ra ntrnxnr necxontxo crpanno, Epmonon onro nnxomy o ne ne paccxastnan. H rontxo n rnyoxo crapocrn nonean o ne onomy ns cnonx nnsxnx snaxomtx. 3naxomt +ror ornpannxncx co cnennopyuennem n Enpony n samen nonpomartcx c Anexceem Herponnuem n ero mocxoncxn om na Hpeuncrenxe. Ftno +ro n xonne 1859 roa, n rora Epmonony men yxe 83- ro. pyr rpenoxnncx, sacraner nn on n xnntx crapnxa, xora nepnercx. He ocx, cxasan Epmonon. Esxa cnoxono. ne ympy o rnoero nosnpamennx. Tt yx nocrapacx! nomyrnn rocrt. Heuero yntartcx! xmypo cxasan Epmonon. rouno nce snam. Hy yx n rouno? Touno rontxo For moxer snart, a nam, rpemntm, nnuero ne neomo A nor +ro ne ncera. Exenn For onycrnr, n uenonexy nce moxer trt neomo! Hy +ro xax cxasart Ienepan rxxeno nonxncx co cnoero maccnnnoro xpecna n npoypuan: He nepnmt a n x t ne nonepnn, xat cxasann. Ho nor cmorpn! Epmonon noomen x nnctmennomy crony n nsnnex ns nero noxenrenmn or npemenn nncr ymarn: Vsnaemt, ue nouepx? pyr nsrnxnyn: Tno! Tora cmorpn. Epmonon pacxptn noxenrenmne nncrt. 3ect sanncant nce naxnemne art moe xnsnn. H sanncan nce +ro x eme n monoocrn. H Anexce Herponnu paccxasan pyry ry camym ranncrnennym ncropnm, cnyunnmymcx c nnm mnoro ner nasa. On axe noxasan cnoemy coecennxy nect oxymenr, saxptn nnmt nocnenmm crpoxy. 3roro ree ne nao unrart, nponsnec on. 3ect sanncant ro, mecxn n ent moe cmeprn. pyr npouen nce nnnmarentno n nsymnncx. B camom ene, n oxymenre rouno tnn nsnoxent ocnonnte ]axrt epmononcxo norpa]nn. a n ymara no nny tna onontno crapax. Ho, trt moxer, crapnx pemnn nomyrnrt n pastrpart cnoero rocrx? Tem onee uro nocnenmm crpouxy nocmorpert ne an. Ho yx xax-ro ne noxoxe nce +ro tno na xapaxrep Epmonona, xnno ne cxnonnoro x noontm postrptmam. Comnennx pasnexnnct oxonuarentno, xora nocne cmeprn renepana n ero apxnne onapyxnncx ror camt oxymenr c yxasannem aconmrno rouno art xonunnt 11 anpenx 1861 roa. Hao cxasart, uro n ncrpernn renepan cnom cmeprt nectma npnmeuarentno. On cnoxono cnen sa cronom n cnoem nmnmom xpecne, nocryxnnax no crapo npnntuxe noro o non. To ecrt on cnoxono xan ynepennt n rom, uro nponsoer. Cnyua +ror, cranmn nsnecrntm nocne cmeprn renepana, naenan mnoro myma. Conpemennnxn xnno ocyxann ero, raax, xro xe tn ranncrnenntm nesnaxomnem, nocnxrnnmnm Epmonona n rany ero cocrnenno cytt? Hepconaxem nemero cna? Bpx nn, no noonte cnt ecnn n npecxastnamr cotrnx, ro ne n raxnx xonnuecrnax n ne c raxo rounocrtm. Bnennem nexoero yxa n cnnpnryanncrnuecxom nonnmannn? Comnnrentno. Bet renepan ne ysnan n ranncrnennom rocre nnxoro, c xem tn t snaxom. Bnocnecrnnn ctn renepana Epmonona n noponocrxx nepecxasan saraounym ncropnm, npnxnmunnmymcx n monoocrn c ero ornom, nsnecrno nccneonarentnnne oxxyntrntx xnnenn Enene Herponne Fnanarcxo. Ona xnno sannrepeconanact +rnm cnyuaem n axe nocnxrnna emy ontmym crartm no ntpasnrentntm nasnannem Acrpantnt npopox. B crarte +ro n coornercrnnn c nocrynaramn oxxyntrnsma n +sorepnuecxo ]nnoco]nn ona yrnepxana, uro cnyunnmeecx tno npoxnnennem nexoero ntcmero +ro renepana Epmonona. Bet ecnn npnnxrt oxrpnny o rom, uro nx nnnnnyantnoro eccmeprnoro +ro uenonexa n Beunocrn ne cymecrnyer nn npomnoro, nn yymero, a rontxo ono ecxoneuno nxmeecx nacroxmee, ro oxaxercx nnonne ecrecrnenntm, uro ncx xnsnt Hnunocrn, xoropym oymennxer +ro, or poxennx o cmeprn, onxna trt cront xe xcno nnna ntcmemy +ro, xax ona nennnma n cxptra or roro orpannuennoro spennx, xoropoe nmeer ero npemennax n cmeprnax ]opma. Ho nepcnn Fnanarcxo, Epmonon, paorax nosno neuepom, nnesanno nnan n nexoe pemornoe cocroxnne. H nnunocrt ero nnesanno crana nocnpnnmunno x npncyrcrnnm cnoero ntcmero +ro. Hmenno no ero nocxasxe Epmonon n sanncan uncro mexannuecxn nce cotrnx orxptnmecx emy norpa]nn. uro xe xacaercx opasa crpannoro uenonexa, oeroro xax neorart ropoxannn, ro on, no mnennm Fnanarcxo, ornocnrcx x romy xnaccy xopomo nsnecrntx xnnenn, xoropte snaxomt nam xax acconnannn ne n pemnnncnennnn n namnx cnonnennxx. Hnaue ronopx cnoeopasntm orpaxennem mnoxecrna ropoxan, xoroptx Epmonony nepe +rnm npnmnoct onpocnrt n xoe cnoero paccneonannx. uro x, moxer trt, raxoe oxcnenne npennennx renepana Epmonona n cnpanennno. Kro snaer? Horonapnnamr, uro x nemy xe cxnonxncx n crapocrn n cam renepan, xora na nonpoc onoro ns snaxomtx, nposnanmnx o +ro nnrpnrymme ncropnn, ornernn, uro ranncrnenntm uenonexom tn on cam rontxo npnmemn ns yymero. Ofpepakfupoean u onynukoean ua cafe : PRESSI ( HERSON ) Btcnyman raxym ncropnm, Bepa noexnnact. Heyxro raxoe nosmoxno? Xorx nouemy t n ner? Ionopxr xe cneymne nmn, uro nce npemena nepenneramrcx. uacro ner uenonex no ropoy n npyr nonnmaer, uro yxe tn ryr. Ho xora n xax ncnomnnrt ne moxer. Cmor net nanama unpcanon nsrnart snonemero nosnnny Ceporo +xnnaxa c Kysnenxoro Mocra. Tax nouemy t n Bepouxe ne sacrannrt craporo renepana necrn cex nonpnnnunee n ne nyrart ee c myxem. axe ecnn on ymep n ne moxer narn cee noxox n nnom mnpe, +ro ne nono rpenoxnrt onrarene mnpa, xoropt on noxnnyn. Ho xax +ro cenart? Bepa n ne npecrannxna. Ho y Ianen-xoro tna orarax ]anrasnx. Honnmaemt, cxasan on xene, renepan sanncan cnom xnsnt na nncrox ymarn. Tax nouemy t ne art emy nont nncr n ne ocrannrt na crone n xannere nacrontnym namny? Hycrt nnmer n ne memaer nam! Koneuno, crpannt ntxo. Ho net nonpoonart-ro moxno. H nor, xax cremneno, nonoxnnn na cron n xannere ymary n nncune npnnanexnocrn, ocrannnn nacrontnym namny, a camn ymnn, nnorno sarnopnn nept. H axe cnyram sanpernnn noxonrt x xannery. Homorno! Henonxrno nouemy no nomorno. Bnno, renepany n nnpany ne xnarano na rom cnere cnonx sanncox. Tax uro xnntx onrarene on n ry nout ne norpenoxnn. a n n nocneymmne roxe. Ha paocrxx Bepa pemnna ornaroapnrt mnnoro myxa. a ecnn ne ero ymnoe npenoxenne, rax n ne cnann t onn nouamn, cnymax oxn a nsoxn necnoxonoro renepana-mncrnxa. Honecnact ona n anx, ntnncana ecxrxa na uexon na nonmnnnnona n npnxasana nasanrpa ntart nx rocnonny Ianenxomy na nnxamne pacxot no enam. Tontxo nosnmnennt myx nnoe npnmenenne uexam namen ornec n cno anx a n omenxn na npexnne onronte oxsarentcrna. Hpo +ro Bepa, xoneuno, ne ysnana. 3aro yxe cxopo ntxcnnnoct, uro ener na ena y myxa ne xnaraer xax on samernn: cnnmxom yx pasnepnyncx. Ho Bepa raxomy pasnopory rontxo opaonanact. Inannoe, myx npn ene, oma rnxo-cnoxono, a ener na nce xnarnr. Onaxo, nnart, ne xnarnno, noromy uro y Ianenxoro nonoe npenoxenne noxnnnoct: Xopomo t nam, Bepouxa, x annomy eny npncmorpertcx. Bon Xnyon n Knracxom npoese Henrpantnte ann ntcrponn, orpomnemne aptmn nmeer, a rnon Canynt, or nanamn ocranmnecx, na rnasax pasnannnamrcx. ana Xnyona ooem, no-nonomy ann nepecrponm. Koneuno, npnercx mnoro ener nnoxnrt, saro norom xaxne oxot yyr! Ha pyro ent ornpannnact uera Ianenxnx n Canynt. Myx cran annoe xosxcrno ornxtnart, nomerxn cee enart. A Bepa nenena npnnecrn n orentnt xanner cepepxnym maxy ry camym, nerenapnym, xoropo, ronopxr, xpacannna Canynona nontsonanact. Fanmnn ntrnana, cama n sanernym maxy not napana. Hoxa mtnact, noxonym xpacannny npocnna-monnna, uro ana n e, nono xosxxe Canynon, nmont cront xe cnntnym n nepnym, uro n cama nmena. Btmna x myxy pacnapennax, posonax, xpont c monoxom. Ianenxn ee n oxanxy crpe a omo na rpoxe nones. Bnec na pyxax n cnantnm, ynoxnn na nocrent enocnexnym a n samenran: Fornnx, nnm]a, Benepa ns nent! Hayrpo Benepa, ncx eme n ncrome, nonepennoro ntsnana n npnxasana ycrponrt npoaxy Canynon rocnonny Ianenxomy. Hnary nasnaunrt 10 pyne n xpenr annt orxptrt es orpannuennx. Honnctnart oxymenrt nomnn n xanner. Honepennt ynnnncx: Heyxenn nt yx paorann c yrpa? Bon namna-ro na crone ropnr. Ianenxn yntnyncx. He paccxastnart xe nonepennomy o omamnem npnspaxe panoro renepana? Ho ryr nsrnx ero ynan na cronemnnny sa cronxo ymarn croxna xpoxornax cepepxnax maeuxa, ns rex, xonmn ropronann n Canynax n xauecrne cynennpa. Hs raxo nocynnxn snaroxn annoro ena noouxy pacnnnann. Ho sect-ro ona orxya? A ryr n Bepa cynennpunx pasrnxena n roxe axnyna: Hy rouno no mtcnxm! Bnno, xopomee mt eno sarexnn! A npo cex noymana: Bnno, renepan roxe oopxer name annoe eno! Onaxo ymart npn cnere nx ono, a ncnomnnart noutm concem pyroe. Bepa erantno onpocnna npncnyry ne npnnocnn nn xro ns nnx cynennp n xanner. Hnxro ne npnsnancx. Hanpornn ntxox nocne onpoca, nce rontxo xpecrnnnct. Foxnnct cnyrn yxa renepantcxoro. a n cama Bepa crana sameuart, uro nce uame noxpyr ornxtnaercx. H na yme rpenoxno. Bnno, naoeno renepany nncart cnon samerxn. Pemnn on cnona nonyrart cnonx nocroxntnen. Hy a xora Anexce n xnye ocranancx nnn y pyse nouenart, Bepa naunnana nceptes noymtnart, ne nepepartcx nn n pyro om. Hponemy pemnna npocro npnrnxena sa Canynoncxnmn anxmn mecro nx nonoro oma na Hernnnno ynnne, 14 rax, urot ann xax pas sa omom naxonnnct. Vx xonn sannmartcx nmn uero xe anexo xonrt?! A y myxa yxe n nonoe npenoxenne narorone: Hao t o nonnnxax annoro ena no ncemy mnpy ntneart. Cesxy-xa x tcrpentxo n Enpony a Typnnm. Cama snaemt, cxont rypenxne ann cnanxrcx! H nor nonerenn n om na Hpeuncrenxe renerpammt: Ocmorpen Hapnx. Ey n Hpnannm. Btmnn ener. Henym. Ocmorpen Honon. Ha ouepen Bena. Hepemnn entrn. Hpnnntn n Cramyn. en mnoro. Tenerpa]npy cymmy. Cnonom, mnponoe annoe rypne pacrxnynoct nourn na ro. 3aro nepnyncx Ianenxn c rpannosntmn nnanamn: Ocnacrnm ann no nocnenemy cnony rexnnxn. Bce nyumee or Bocroxa n 3anaa. 3ant orenaem xappapcxnm mpamopom n ypantcxnm manaxnrom. Hacroxmn annt nopen yer! A Bepa yx na nce cornacna. A ontme ncero xouercx cexart ns oma ecnoxonoro renepana na Hpeuncrenxe n nont cnoxont om. Hycrt es pasntx ncropnuecxnx nennocre, saro rnxn. B xoropom onn n Anexceem naunyr nonym xnsnt. Ofpepakfupoean u onynukoean ua cafe : PRESSI ( HERSON ) Ouan no nopne Vuuua Heeuuuuaa, 14 Tax n ntmno. B 1894 roy na mecre craptx ant nauan crponrtcx ncrnnnt nopen c mpamopntmn sanamn, manaxnrontmn xamnnamn, xmmontmn yxpamennxmn. nx nocrpoxn npnrnacnnn onoro ns camtx nocrpeonanntx mocxoncxnx apxnrexropon 44-nernero Fopnca Bacnntennua upeenepra. Hpana, apxnrexrop oxasancx uepecuyp ynepenntm n cocrnenno npanore, a Ianenxn onaan npocro-raxn nsptnntm xapaxrepom. Tax uro saxasunx c apxnrexropom pyrannct uyrt ne xaxt ent. B xonne xonnon upeenepry naoenn npnnpxn Ianenxoro, n on orxasancx saxanunnart nocrpoxy n ant, n oma. onecrn annoe eno o xonna nsxncx ero yuennx n nomomnnx 38-nernn Cepre Mnxanonnu Kanyrnn. om xe ocrpannan Bnanmnp Hnanonnu uarnn, monoo mocxoncxn apxnrexrop, npecrannrent napoxammerocx nanpannennx moepn. om ntmen sarnxente. Btxonn na ne ynnnt Hernnnnym n Herponcxne nnnnn. Onn exop uero cronn n nect n nono remarnxe: na xptme cxyntnrypt xynammnxcx mantunxon, na xynone pesnxmnecx rpnront, na nxoom c Hernnnno ynnnt mnoma n enymxa na mopcxnx xonxx, ntcxaxnnammnx ns nstnenno mopcxo nent. O xom]opre xnntx nnyrpn n ronopnrt ne npnxonnoct. nx cex xe crponnn ne n oxo canart. Fann ntmnn eme rpannosnee. Hernnnxa-ro x romy npemenn yxe rpxsntm onorom cntna xax ns nee noy part?! Hponenn ocoym noonpononym nnrxy or Mocxnt-pexn. Ho +ro rontxo nx rexnnuecxnx nyx. nx mtrtx xe nontsonarene ntptnn 700-merponym apresnancxym cxnaxnny, urot noa aconmrno uncro tna. nx mxrxocrn not crann ncnontsonart nonomonte amepnxancxne ]nntrpt rnna Henryn, nx ocnemennx nxonnnnte nx roro npemenn +nexrpnuecxne namnouxn, no nope nocrannnn cocrnennym +nexrpocrannnm. onncx-raxn Anexce cnoe meurt ynoman xeny na +nexrpnuecxne pacxot. 14 ]enpanx 1896 roa npn orpomnom cxonnennn nauantcrna, yxonencrna n xyneuecrna cocroxnoct ocnxmenne Canynon. Bepa cnymana ropxecrnennte peun n npyr nonxna nropoe poxenne ant nponsomno ponno uepes 90 ner nocne nx nocrpoxn. a n cama Bepa ponno na 90 ner mname xpacannnt Canynono. Mncrnxa xaxax-ro, npeonpeenenne!.. Ha pyro ent mocxnnun n ann nanom nonannnn, xax na +xcxypcnm, xpacoramn nmonartcx. Ho camt ontmo ]ypop nacran nx Canynon, xora +nexrpnuecrnom or anno +nexrpocrannnn ocnernnoct mocxoncxoe nenuanne na napcrno nmneparopa Hnxonax II. Tenept nxo n omne sant cronn 5 xoneex, n nopxncxne pynt, no nanontmnm cnpocom nontsonannct 27 nnuntx xanneron c orentntmn napnnxamn. Hnara sa nnx oxonna o 10 pyne, no nce panno xynnt, nopxne n nnrennnrennnx ooxann ram nosaceart. Foremnt napo nnora axe cnan ram. Cam Banxnnn, ontmo pyr Bepouxn, yxptnancx n xannere or ocoo pernntx noxnonnnn. B camom ene, re narn yxptrne naexne, uem n myxcxo ane? A nor neuno cmymammncx Anron uexon, naoopor, xort n nmnn nonapnrtcx, no xonrt n monte Canynt onacancx: ram net nce cnercxne nepronpaxn ryxymrcx saronopxr, saanamyrxr, n ornxsartcx or nnx nenonxo, n npemenn norpauennoro xanxo. H mexy npounm, xnn uexon renept n rom camom ome na Hpeuncrenxe, 20, orxya cama unpcanona xort n nepeexana na Hernnnnym ynnny, no oma ne npoana, a crana canart nnaem. Cnymax nocropxennte noxnant anxm Ianenxoro, Bepa myxem crpamno ropnnact. Ho onaxt ysnana nenpnxrnoe nonrptnaer ee myxenex n xaprnmxn. A xax-ro noyrpy, xora Ianenxn orctnancx nocne ouepeno xaprouno noun, npnxarnn ynpannxmmn anxom cam xpacnt, or nonnennx sanxaercx, ne snaer, xax cxasart. B xonne xonnon ntnoxnn: nponrpancx Bepnn myxenex n nyx n npax n nonncan saxnanym na Canynt. Bepa, xoneuno, ne nonepnna. Ho ryr ynpannxmmn cxasan c onom: Bonx nama, Bepa Hnanonna, no mt, Epmonont, ncera cronm sa npany! Bepa npo cex rontxo axnyna ]amnnnx ynpannxmmero nposnyuana xax npeynpexenne or anno yx n satroro renepana Epmonona. Hy xax ne npncnymartcx x cnonam? V Bept cnonno rnasa orxptnnct. Bcnomnnna, xax, nmex uexn na nonmnnnnona, Ianenxn y nee nocroxnno ener npocnn. a n xaraxct no Enpone, neoct ne cront nonnnxn annoro ena ntcmarpnnan, cxont c nonooxnmn oanncxamn napnncx. A neanno ueop Banxnnn no xmenm ntnoxnn Bepe, uro Ianen-xn no Tnepcxo c xaxo-ro nennuxo na nnxaue pacxartnaer. H net nce sa ee, Bepnnt, enexxn! Bor nam n myxcxax nomomt onn oman nemepent!.. Cnonom, Canynt Bepa ntxynnna, a myxy-omanmnxy na nept yxasana. a rontxo ror mnnnnon orcrynnoro sarpeonan. Bepa cnoero nepnoro myxa ncnomnnna. Taxca raxax, uro nn, y npoxnxrymnx myxnxon?.. Btnncana Bepa uex n sannaxana. He nomorna sanernax cepepxnax maxa nennnt Canynono. A moxer, Bepa cama nenpannntno ecrnonana? o cnatt nao tno ns cepepa mtrtcx, a ne nocne 3xcnnya1a1opma 1pyonoro napoa Vuuua 1-a Meuaucuaa, umue npocneum Mupa; Apamcuaa nuouao, 2/1; yuuua Hempoeua, 10; yuuua Apam, 43/27 C rex nop pemnna Bepa Hnanonna or ncxxnx samyxecrn epxartcx noantme, rem onee uro en mnoxecrno. Ee necoropronte npenpnxrnx tnn paspocant no nce crpane, crponrentcrna mnn n pasntx ropoax, no rnannte ee ernma tnn, xoneuno, n nmnmo Mocxne: crponrentcrna ax na 26 yuacrxax. H sa nce Bepa nsxnact xenesno pyxo. B cpee npomtmnennnxon ee axe nposnann npenpnnnmarentcxo ao. B nposnnme snyuana, xoneuno, nsenxa: xax +ro aa moxer ena necrn?! Ho tno n ynaxenne: neer net, a eme n c mnnnnonno npntntm! Hs oma na Hernnnno nepepanact unpcanona n om na 1- Memancxo ynnne noantme or nocnomnnann. B re rot na Memancxo (necmorpx na nenpnrnxnoe nasnanne) npoxnnan nner oraremero mocxoncxoro xyneuecrna. om N 5 npnnanexan uaeropronny Ceprem Bacnntennuy Hepnony romy camomy, uro x npnesy xnracxoro npnnna n Mocxny orxptn na Mxcnnnxo ynnne nerenapnt uant xnracxn omnx ntne marasnn ua. Ko]e. B ome N 41 xnn Marne ueoponnu Kysnenon xopont pyccxoro ]ap]opa (nomnnre, snamennrt xysnenoncxn ]ap]op?). unpcanona xe nocennnact n ome N 3, nocrpoennom eme n 1885 roy no npoexry apxnrexropa B.H. 3aropcxoro. Ofpepakfupoean u onynukoean ua cafe : PRESSI ( HERSON ) Tpynnact Bepa Hnanonna es omana, no n onron ne npomana. Bor sa onrn-ro n oromen x ne pecropan Hpara (Aparcxax nnomat, 2/1). Ftn on nexora npocnannen, oraun n nnrennnrennnx ram orxymnnann, no ntne nporopen. Bepa ero nepeenana, oycrponna nnreptept c nennanno orone pocxomtm: ne pecropan uncrt nopen! B nauane XX nexa Bepa Hnanonna ncrynnna n Topronym nanary. H onxrt pemnna necrn ena ne at re, a n nonom nopne ropronnn. 7 ]enpanx 1906 roa orxptnact ee ropronax ranepex, panno xoropo ne tno no nce crpane, Herponcxn naccax (ynnna Herponxa, 10). Crponnn ero apxnrexropt Kanyrnn n upeenepr (re camte canynoncxne), a ynenuan crexnxnntmn ranepexmn nnxenep Byxon (nnocnecrnnn crponrent snamennro nepno reneamnn Mocxnt). Mocxnnun oxpecrnnn ynnxantnt naccax uyom cnera ouent yx on nanomnnan nerenapnte nncxune cat Cemnpamnt. B nem tnn npecrannent nce camte snamennrte poccncxne n sapyexnte ]npmt. Bor rora-ro unpcanony n nasnann camo pocxomno npenpnnnmarentnnne Poccnn n axe saronopnnn o craryce nouernoro rpaxannna ropoa. Ho Penonmnnx pacnopxnnact nnaue. Kaxoe ram nouernoe rpaxancrno ycrponrentnnna mocxoncxo pocxomn oxasanact n nnmere! Bepy Hnanonny ntcennnn ns oma na 1- Memancxo ynnne n xpoxornym xomnarenxy xommynantno xnaprnpt na Apare, 47/23. Bcero cemt ner nasa Bepa Hnanonna ]nnancnponana crponrentcrno +roro oma no npoexry apxnrexropa M.. Xonmoropona. om nosnonncx xax oxont ymrnt c ontmnmn xnaprnpamn. Ho cpasy nocne penonmnnn xnntnon ynnornnnn. Knaprnpt crann xommynantntmn. 3xcnnyararopme rpyonoro napoa nerpyonomy +nemenry rp. Ianenxo (unpcanono) B.H. ocranact xomnarxa n 6 merpon, n xoropo pantme pasrpyxann pona. unpcanona crana nnmenxo es npana na nacnopr, cnoonoe nepememenne n npoonontcrnennt naex npaxrnuecxn es npana na camy xnsnt. Hpana, ona eme morna xonrt mnmo cnoe Hparn nnn naccaxa. 3axonrt rya yxe ne nmeno cmtcna ener ne tno. Ho nouam, nexa es cna na xenesno xponarn, Bepa nenontno ncnomnnana, cxontxo cpecrn yrpoxana na narornopnrentnocrt: ntcrponna unpcanoncxn om nx non n cnpor, om-mxony nx cnentx ere, nponena xenesnoopoxnym nerxy n unpcanonxy, exerono xeprnonana no nonmnnnnona na pasnnrne ncxyccrna n xyntrypt, na exrentnocrt ontnnn, npnmron, mxon. Ho nce oxasanoct nanpacno. axe ns unpcanoncxoro oma nontronxnn non n cnpor, pasmecrnn ram ouepenoe neomcrno nono nnacrn, npome ronopx, eme ony mpoxparnuecxym crpyxrypy. Kax Bepa mtxanact, rpyno npecrannrt!.. He ymepna rontxo noromy, uro nomor crapt pyr ueop Banxnnn, ycrponn rpnmepme n onn ns mocxoncxnx rearpon. C +rnm rearpom Bepa Hnanonna n cymena ntexart na racrponn sa rpannny. Oparno ne nepnynact c 1928 roa oocnonanact n Hapnxe. He ecrnonana xoncyntrnponana ]pannyscxnx npomtmnennnxon, no yxacno rocxonana no Mocxne, a ontme ncero no Canynam. uacro e cnnnact ra camax cepepxnax maeuxa, no renept yxe es not nycrax. Ho onaxt e noxasann neanno cnxroe ]oro sanon ann, ynenenme n penonmnnn. H, ynnen, uro Canynt ne norepxnn cnoe tno pocxomn, Bepa Hnanonna cuacrnnno pacnnaxanact. Ee ne crano n 1934 roy. B ror ro e ncnonnnnoct t 72. A Canynt orxptnn nx conercxoro napoa. Hpenonaranoct, uro ram eso ncxxnx unnon n snann yyr mtrtcx cooma. Ho rontxo crapte ann-ro snann, uro ronte xort n nce pannt, no xro-ro pannee. B xannerax c pecropanamn rynxno renept conenoncxoe nauantcrno, a npocro nm no-npexnemy mtncx n omem orenennn. Ho cnyunnoct c Canynamn n nennannoe ann crann repoxmn xnnemarorpa]a. Hauanoct nce c nennxoro Fponenocna Horemxnn: Cepre 3senmren cnxn n accene Canynon rnent maxera xpecepa. Honte npemena npnnecnn nonoe xyntronoe xnno rnannte xapt ]nntmon Tt mne, x ree n Crapt Hont ro roxe cnnmannct n canynoncxnx npeannnxax n napnnxax. B name npemx n orenennxx ntcmero paspxa npoxonnn cemxn Onnrapxa, erexrnnnoro cepnana Mapocexa, 12, nonynxpnemero TB-npoexra Kyxnt. Ionopxr, ram axe cnnmann snamennrt an Carant nx ]nntma Macrep n Maprapnra. Hpana, no xaxnm-ro mncrnuecxnm npnunnam ]nntmy Rpnx Kapt rax n ne yanoct ntrn n mnpoxn npoxar nnnort o 2011 roa. Ho Canynt ryr rouno ne nnnonart. K xonny conercxo +noxn ann, xax n nce xosxcrno, sauaxnn, no n 1992 roy nauanact pexoncrpyxnnx. Ceronx onn noccosant no ncem nennxonennn. Hx c npexnnm nocroprom nocemamr n exrenn ncxyccrna, n cnoprcment, n sanceraran ryconox. Tam moxno ncrpernrt n Bnpnnnra, n Rpcxoro, n Ca]nna, n Fype. Ftnann n mocxoncxom annom nopne n saesxne snest ont] Hynrpen n Kno Ban amm. Cnnmannct ram n ronnnnycxne ]nntmt nanpnmep, Komannponxa n Mocxny ns nonynxpnoro cepnana Honnnecxax axaemnx n Kpacnax xapa c camnm Bnapnenerrepom. Tax uro n nt, oporne unrarenn, yere n Mocxne saxonre! Bpyr ram Bnapnenerrep c Ban ammom n narypantnom nne cnxr n nonym mtntnym onepy cnnmamr A nor n snamennrom xnnom ome na Hernnnno, 14 nnnort o xonna XX nexa pacnonarancx snamennremn na ncm Enpony marasnn Hort. H, sax rya, nmn eme mornn npecrannrt, cxont rpannosntm n pocxomntm tno nexora +ro xnnte. Onaxo xyntrypa, a mystxantnax rem naue, nnxora ne npnnocnna ocooro oxoa. Hort saxptnnct. Kax myrnnn snte xstxn, naxptnnct mentm rasom. Bor yx rouno n annym remy Tenept sect ranepex, pecropan n +nnrnoe xnnte. Btnot moxere cenart camn. Komy xaxne nnxe. Hanepnxxa moxno cxasart rontxo ono: nnxaxoe npnnnenne nnn yx-npnspax ne cmoxer nauynrt ontme, uem camn nmn. Oconnno n raxom mncrnuecxom ropoe, xax nama Mocxna. Cnnm no1annme Cnnt norante, cnnt nennxne, ymn, ortnmne n mnp neneomt! K nam nstnam! Ceua eaoauu Mapqi us onepi M. Mvcopecroeo Xoeauuuua
Koneuno, xopomo ronopnrt o mncrnuecxnx ranax ropoa, xora peut ner o crapnnntx nenrpantntx paonax. Tam xe nce nponnrano ncropnuecxnmn nerenamn, cexperamn npomnoro n saraxamn cronern. Ho net y Mocxnt nmemrcx n nonte paont. C nnmn-ro xax? Ctmyrcx nn y nnx saraxn n rant? Ofpepakfupoean u onynukoean ua cafe : PRESSI ( HERSON ) Hy +ro yx xax nocmorpert Bc1peua na noseunon pexon Vuuua Bauauocuaa u pyeue, exoauue e paou Hepuuumuo Paon Iontxnono nomen n cocran Mocxnt rontxo n 1960 roy. o roro sect tn cronnunt npnropo. Hy a o nepno uerneprn XX nexa n nonce epennn: Iontxnono, uepnnntno n Kanomnno. (Oronopnmcx cpasy npannntnoe cxnonenne +rnx nasnann na o nac sannmart ne yer. Ho ycroxnmerocx npannna na +ror cuer ner. Bor n mt cranem cxnonxrt, xora +ro noxaxercx ymecrntm, n ner, xora xopomo unraercx n es cxnonennx.) Bo nropo nononnne XX nexa o Kanomnne xort uro-ro snann ram tna npomsona c ontmnmn sanoamn. B Iontxnono cymecrnonano crapnnnoe xnanme (Kyprancxax ynnna, ntne om 11) n Faaencxn npy, noxpyr xoroporo cnoxnnact sona ortxa. Ho nor npo uepnnnt-no mano xro axe n cntxnnan. Mecro +ro n npocropeunn nastnanoct y xnnorearpa Vpan nnn npocro na xpyry, noromy uro pxom c xnnorearpom cymecrnonana xpyronax rpancnoprnax pasnxsxa. Hy a xora yxe n nauane XXI nexa xnnorearp saxptnn, a norom n nonce cnecnn, ocranonxy omecrnennoro rpancnopra nepenmenonann c Knnorearpa Vpan n +ro camoe uepnnntno. Onaxo axe mecrnte xnrenn noxnmann nneuamn: Orxya raxoe nasnanne nensnecrno. A net na camom ene mnorne ouent axe xopomo ocneomnent o ncropnn +roro mecra, xort n ne noospenamr o +rom. Bnpouem, y nac rax uacrentxo mt snaem o uem-ro, no ne cnxstnaem +ro nn c uem pyrnm. Kax? A nor cmorpnre! Onepy Mycoprcxoro Xonanmnna nce cntmann, a n npo camy +ry Xonanmnny (crpenenxn ynr, ycrpoennt napenno Co]te npornn mnoro parna Herpa, yymero Herpa Bennxoro) yunnn n mxone. Xnrenn mocxoncxoro uepnnntna, xoneuno, ne ncxnmuenne. Ho xax-ro ne ymamr onn o rom, uro raanxa Map]a ns onept Xonanmnna (nomnnre snamennrym cneny raannx c ne menee snamennro pennnxo, opamenno x xnxsm Xonancxomy: Tee yrpoxaer onana?) n neyntx Mapra, xnnymax n nx cene n XVII nexe, o xoropo ner-ner a n npoxnmnercx namxrt nexon, ona n ra xe nnunocrt. Hpo +ry nerenapnym Mapry nsnecrno, xoneuno, mano. Ho xnna ona n cene uepnnntno nect XVII nex. H esnnn x ne raart co ncex oxpecrnocre, ny n, xcno, ns Mocxnt-cronnnt. A nocxontxy npx nn raanxa morna npoxnrt cro ner, ro cam coo nanpamnnaercx ntno: raantntm pemecnom sannmanact ne ona, a, cxopee ncero, necxontxo xenmnn n poy. Hponnuecxn ap otuno nepeaercx or aymxn x nnyuxe, xorx, xoneuno, n out moxer ero nonyunrt. Cxopee ncero, ncex enouex n cemte nastnann onnm nmenem. Hpana, nx Pycn roro npemenn +ro nenpnntuno-nnocrpannoe nmx. Ho nosmoxno, uepnnntncxax nopoxex n ne tna nnxaxo nnocrpanxo, a npocro nsxna cee nmx npoe n saraouno snyuamee, no n nnonne conocrannmoe c npnntuntm nmenem Map]a. Camo xe centno uepnnntno, croxmee no peuxe Cocenxe, yxonr xopnxmn n rnyt nexon. B nnctmenntx ncrounnxax ynomnnaercx xax pas c XVI nexa. Tora ono npnnanexano Anexceencxomy crapoennutemy monacrtpm romy camomy, nerenapnomy, uro c XIV nexa croxn n uepronte na rom camom mecre, re n XIX nexe nosnenn xpam Xpncra Cnacnrenx, ny a Anexceencxym onrent nepenenn na Kpacnocentcxym ynnny. Hcropnx +ra, oxpamennax rparene n mncrnxo, onncana n xnnre Mocxna mncrnuecxax. Ho nor ctcxanoct n npoonxenne annnx npeann. Onxrt xe cronr nanomnnrt, uro monacrtpt nastnancx crapoennutnm nonce ne noromy, uro ram npoxnnann crapte ent nnn crapte enymxn. Hanpornn +ro tno nouernoe nasnanne. Ono yxastnano na ro, uro +ror ennun monacrtpt camt rnannt no crapmnncrny pennemax xencxax onrent Mocxnt. Bet ona tna orxptra eme n 1358 roy no narocnonennm Mocxoncxoro mnrpononnra Anexcnx orcma n nanonee nounraemt n monacrtpe cnxro cnxro Anexce, uenonex Foxn. Hapt Mnxann ueoponnu no nocmecrnnn na npecron nocne Cmyrnoro npemenn ornnunn Anexceencxn monacrtpt cnonmn mnnocrxmn. eno n rom, uro nacnennxom Mnxanna Pomanona xnnxncx ero crapmn ctn napennu Anexce (yymn napt Anexce Mnxanonnu, armmxa Herpa I). Bor n Anexceencxym onrent n norexnn onntnte apt, e ornncann yrotx n semnn. B uncne nnx oxasanact n epenentxa uepnnntno. Bnpouem, ymam, uro rora epennx eme ne nmena raxoro nmenn. Bet uepnnna +ro monaxnnx n uepnom xnoyxe. Bor n crana epennx uepnnntna, ro ecrt npnnanexamax monacrtpm. Koneuno, semnx sect tna ne ocoo naxorno, mecramn onorncro ns-sa nopeutx, mecramn xonmncro a nstnenno ns-sa neponnocre pente]a. Ho epennx tna c opom n yrotxmn, ro ecrt, no anm, nmena nce nyxnoe n nonesnoe n onxono centcxo xnsnn, uro aer npnpoa. Onaxo xpecrtxncxnx nopon sect cymecrnonano mano. H xorx semnx nmenact, napo uypancx nepecenxrtcx. Bnno, cxastnanact monna o uepnnntncxo nopoxee. ecrnnrentno, na ormne n ro uacrn opa, uro renept nxonr n cocran nannonantnoro napxa Hocnnt Ocrpon, nocpen neontmo uepemyxono pomn (tnn n crapnny n raxne uyecnte mecra, norynennte norom ocrptmn ronopamn) croxna nsenxa Maprt-nemyntn. Cma n npnesxann raxom re, xro xoren ysnart cnoe yymee nnn nonyunrt xaxym pyrym marnuecxym ycnyry. Bo nopy nnerennx uepemyxn napo norxrnnancx ocoo. a rontxo, ronopxr, n ry napy neent, uro noxpyr pasnnnanact enax xnnent, nopoxex npnnnmana rontxo nspanntx. Ho nce npoxonr. Or nopoxen (nnn or nenoro poa nemynn) ocranact rontxo cnena raannx Map]t na onepntx nomocrxax, ram ee nsopaxamr crarno n nnacrno ennne, cxptnamme cnom xpacory no remntm nnarxom. A nor xnrenn Vpantcxo, Hpxyrcxo ynnn, Hprtmcxnx npoeson, ocoenno rex omon, uro neanexo or necnoro maccnna, uacro nyramr mantmnm, rax n crpemxmymcx ynnsnyrt n nnsnexamne nponecxn Hocnnoro Ocrpona, uro nor, mon, xnnrcx necnax axa, snax crapyxa n saeper ocnymnnxon. Onaxo manonernne necnyxn nnuyrt ne crpamarcx. A moxer, onn npocro uyncrnymr, uro necnax aymxa nnuero nnoxoro ne cenaer? Onaxt cemnnernxx ouxa moe npnxrentnnnt paccxasana mame, uro nm c nopyxxo nomorna nporn no necno opoxxe crapax rerentxa n remnom nnarouxe. A n mxone y nnx mantunmxn ronopxr, uro, ecnn sanynmtcx n necy, nao nosnart Mapry n Inea. Te, mon, cro ner n necy xnnyr n nomoryr ntneyr na ac]antrnponannym opory. Koneuno, pexrnx nmnr npnymtnart. a n xax noome moxno sanynrtcx ram, re ncx reppnropnx noxptra xyntrypno saac]antrnponanntmn rponnnxamn n oycrpoena nanouxamn? Ho net na rpex n nocpen rpex cocen nmn xpyxar! Ofpepakfupoean u onynukoean ua cafe : PRESSI ( HERSON ) Ono nsnecrno rouno: pennmm neyntm Mapry, cranmym mecrntm npnnnennem, n paone ne oxrcx. A ropoxane, saxaxnnammne n nmym noroy n nponecxn Hocnnoro Ocrpona notmart nosyxom, nmxr paccxastnart o Mapre mecrnte nerent. Koe-uro x sanncana n npnney sect, a necxontxo npeann ntnecna n npnnoxenne. Vx ouent onn cnoeopasnt. Hpournre ynnnrect, nacxontxo no+rnuecxne nocnomnnannx nexon moryr ctcxartcx n otunom cnantnom paone. Bor nepnt paccxas amt ner rpnnarn nxrn ns rex, uro no conpemenntm mepxam nce eme npoxoxr no paspxy enymex. B ror ro (a tn +ro xonen nnxnx enxnocrtx) x mna neuepom no Faxantcxo ynnne x Iontxnoncxomy npyy. Vxe remneno. Ocnemennx rora no ynnnam nourn ne tno. Tax uro x ne ynnnnact, uro n remnore xo mne npnnnact ayntxa nnoem ne rax crpamno. Ftna ona n uepnom nnarouxe, cnonsmem na rnasa, c xnmxo n n sacanenno xo]re. pemnna, uro +ro oromonxa, nymax n namy nepxont Cnxrtx 3ocnmt n Cannarnx. pyrnx-ro nepxne n oxpyre ner, nor n xoxr rya nce namn aymxn. Mne rora noymanoct: xoneuno, crapymxa-oxn oynanunx ocoo ne nomoxer no remnore, ecnn uro, no xort xpnx nonnmer. Bnpouem, or xpnxa n rex mecrax nontst nnxaxo. Cnauana no Faxantcxo ynnne o nnoman Fent Kyna npomsona (nontx omon, uro ram ceuac, eme ne tno), norom Iontxnoncxn npy, re oma noome naunnamrcx no- uynomy c nomepa 5. Horomy uro ram, re onxnt croxrt nomepa 13, xax pas n ecrt cam npy. To ecrt, moxer, +rn oma ram, n noe, y noxnoro n croxr, no na nonepxnocrt ne ntxoxr. Tax uro opoxxa nont npya onxrt xe remno-crpamnax. 3ro renept noxpyr napx, uncroe coxponnme c ]onapxmn, ropxmnmn rax, uro cnerno xax nem. A n nnxne enxnocrte n +rom Iontxnoncxom napxe y npya uyrt ne xaxt mecxn rpynt naxonnn. Paso xe tn n nopxxe neme. Bor mt c ayntxo n xontnxnn no remnore. Ona mne npo oxpecrnocrn paccxastnana. Hanepnoe, ymana, uro or +roro ne rax crpamno yer. H raxax naunrannax axa oxasanact! 3ro or nee x ysnana, uro ropocxym sacrpoxy sect nauann rontxo n 60-x roax. Or epennn uepnnntno ocranoct rontxo nasnanne uepnnntncxoro npoesa. Horom mt x npyy nonepnynn. Crapymxa npo nero peut sanena. Mon, pantme +ro tna pyrax epennx Iontxnono. H o 80-x roon npomnoro nexa na mecre npya tno onoro, npenpamennoe mecrntmn xnrenxmn n cnanxy. Ho no 0nnmnnay-80 mecrnocrtm pemnnn sanxrtcx a ny xax rocrn cronnnt ynnxr +axoe xnamnoe mecro? Fonorne ocymnnn, cenann nooorrox n peuxy Cocenxy, n o roro uacrtm sapannym n rpyy, ny a renept yxe onosnauno cranmym nosemno pexo. Mne, xoneuno, cpasy xe ncnomnnnact camax ranncrnennax pexa-npnspax Mocxnt Hernnnxa. V nee nnna 7,5 xnnomerpa. A y name Cocenxn snaere cxontxo? Hourn 9 xnnomerpon. To ecrt, npecrannxere, nama peuxa ontme snamennro Hernnnxn! A nt ronopnre, mt oxpanna. a y nac cocrnennte ocronpnmeuarentnocrn ecrt. Mne rora ayntxa paccxasana, uro or nosemno Cocenxn na nonepxnocrt ceuac ax rpn npya ntxoxr. V neca n Hocnnom Ocrpone Faaencxn npy, cpenn nam Iontxnoncxn, a pxom c merpo Hpeopaxencxax nnomat uepxnsoncxn. Ho nam Iontxnoncxn x npnpoe nnxe ncex. Ha nem n yrxn, n axe uaxn. Moxer, rontxo neee ne xnaraer. Ha +rom paccyxennn ayntxa nsoxnyna. Bnno, neee e xorenoct. H ryr Hs-sa epenten, nocaxenntx noxpyr npya, ntcxontsnyna napouxa xynnranon. Bnpouem, +ro pantme nx rax snann. Tenept npnxonnoct nennuart no-rmpemnomy nacxono parxamn. Tontxo nor namepennx y +rnx pnroronontx, xcno, tnn ne parcxnmn. Onn nnxanyn axy. Bropo cxnarnn menx sa pyxy norxnyncx cnxrt xoneuxo, npearentcxn necnynmee n rycxnom cnere ]onapx. yx n cama copanact emy nomout x-ro cee opoxe xoneuxa, no n nonxrt ne ycnena, xax axa nnxo napnna xnmxo roro, xro croxn x ne nonnxe. Fyra npxmo-raxn pyxnyn nasemt. Bropomy ocranoct no ronone csan. On xnno ne oxnan nanaennx. Ho romentxax ayntxa rax napnna ero, uro parox pacrxnyncx pxom c npnxrenem. H nor uro camoe nopasnrentnoe xora aynx samaxnynact na nroporo, x ynnena n remnore ee xnmxy. a-a, ynnena n remnore. Horomy uro xnmxa cnernnact! Crpanntm rxryunm rpxsno-cnnnm orcnerom. Koneuno, mano nn o uero oymanact rexnnxa. B ro npemx xax pas nauann noxnnxrtcx yxasxn c nocnerxo. Ho urot cnernnact crapax rpxsnax xnmxa?! n crpaxe ycrannnact na noonme. na parxa nexann, ne noanax npnsnaxon xnsnn. A ny xax +ra oxtx xoponxa nx npnxonunna?! A ayntxa xax npouna mon mtcnn: He onct! rnxoneuxo. Bon yxe n senxn pasnennxmr. Tt ryrouxn nocro. H rnasa npnxpo. A x nx myrany uro nnpet ne macrann. Fayntxa noomna nnnornym x nexamnm na semne oponam, npncena pxtmxom n noxptnact cama raxnm xe npnspauntm cnerom, uro n ee xnmxa. 3namo, xro x? Mapra. B pyr pas ypom! C coo na ror cner saepy! H raxnm yxacom or crapymennnn nonexno, uro nepeart nenosmoxno. A net ona menx npeynpenna: 3axpo rnasa. Ho x, ypa, ne nocnymanact. H uro renept co mno yer?! 3ro xe npnspax, npnnnenne Horn mon copnannct c mecra n nonecnn menx, ne pasnpax oporn. Inannoe noantme. Bor xaxym nopasnrentnym ncropnm nno pas oneercx ycntmart or cnyuano cocexn no mnxpopaony. Bnpouem, moxer, noromy, uro x o raxnx ncropn cama oxoua, mne nx n paccxastnamr? To nn nmn uyncrnymr, uro mne +ro nnrepecno n x ne crany cmexrtcx or nenepnx, ro nn npocro neser na paccxasunxon? Htnue net mano xro xoro ntcnymnnart craner oma x, xoneuno, nauana ptrtcx n xnnrax. Xopomo, uro nnnorexa orpomnax uro-ro or npexon ocranoct, uro-ro cama npnxynnna. B Hnrepnere xe npo ncropnm namnx mecr mano uro nmeercx. Koneuno, macca npemenn na noncxn ymna. Ho ono roro cronno. Horomy uro ysnana x maccy nnrepecnoro. Hanpnmep, raxo ]axr: eme n 1808 roy n namem uepnnntne saxonunnoct xpenocrnoe npano. Hpecrannxere?! A cnyunnoct +ro rax. B xonne XVIII nexa nmneparop Hanen noxanonan epennm mnrpononnry Mocxoncxomy n Konomencxomy Hnarony, nocxontxy ror yxe nnaen semnxmn uepxnsona n Kanomnna, rpannuamnmn c uepnnntnom. Ho nacrpoenne Hanna, xax nsnecrno, uacro menxnoct. H xora mnrpononnr ocynn ero nexoropte nononneennx, nmneparop npaxrnuecxn nsxn Hnarona no omamnn apecr sanpernn ntesxart ns Mocxnt n nce apt cnon sapan oparno. uepnnntno cnona oxasanoct n xasne n yxe npn nmneparope Anexcanpe I tno orano no nnaenne ouepn nornmero n pyccxo- rypenxym nony renepana Ipnropnx Iexnna, nepoxrno, sa npoxnnennym ocoym xpapocrt. Ienepantcxax out, Harantx Ipnroptenna, ntmna samyx sa crarcxoro conernnxa Ofpepakfupoean u onynukoean ua cafe : PRESSI ( HERSON ) 3anena n sarnxnyna n nmenmymcx nomocxonnym epenymxy. Tam yxe anno tna nycromt, a xnrenn orcyrcrnonann. 3anent pemnnn nce xe nsxrtcx sa naroycrpocrno sement. a rax ptxno, uro uepnnntno c rex nop nposnann Harantnn ntcenox. eno n rom, uro npenpnnmunnax Harantx n 18071808 roax ntcennna cma 11 ym xpenocrntx ns nnsnexamero cena Iontxnono. Ceno ro nosnnxno xort n xya nosxe, uem uepnnntno, no oxasanoct nnxe x npoesxe opore, n noromy xnrenn ero xya oraue. Tam, n Iontxnone, nmencx nonxn ynpannxmmn apcxnm nmennem, onaxo roxe xpenocrno unnnnn Hnanon. Bor on-ro n npenoxnn ro nn cnoemy rontxnoncxomy apnny, ro nn 3aneny ontmne entrn sa ro, urot emy c pone ornncann nontnym. Vx xax onn ram nce +ro ocrpxnann, nensnecrno, no nsnecrno, uro n Harantnnom ntcenxe noxnnnnct 11 myxecxnx ym (xencxn non no rem npemenam noome nnre ne cunrann) Hnanontx, xoroptm Harantx 3anena ntana nontnym n nepenena n craryc cnoontx semnenamnen. Tax n 1808 roy uepnnntno crano nepnonpoxonem semnn Poccncxo y nero noxnnnact nenax epennx nontntx, a ne xpenocrntx nme. Hpana, nonauany n epenne tno ncero 5 omon, no nao xe c uero-ro naunnart. Hpy nounoro yxa Baaeecuu npy, yuuua Kypeaucuaa unnnnn Hnanon nauan c neca. Pynn, nnnnn, npoanan. Ecrecrnenno, ne rnymancx n paxontepcrnom. Xenmnnt ero cemtn nauann c npxxn n menxorxauecrna. Cnonom, epennx- cemtx ne ecrnonana. Onaxo ncex cmymano ono: unnnnn uacro yxonn ns epennn rya, re eme coxpannnnct nentpynennte uepemyxonte epentx. H pynrt nx rnana cemtn ne osnonxn. Moxer, ram, nocpen crnonon, ocranmnxcx or tnoro apomarnoro orarcrna, unnnnn nnen Mapry? Ionopnn c ne? Cnpamnnan conera? Hpo ro nensnecrno. Ho nerent o rom, uro unnnnn snaercx c mecrntmn npnnnennxmn n uepronmnno, coxpannnnct. Heapom paccxastnamr, uro, yrnynn n ntuncrnn npnpont npy y neca, unnnnn nauan nastnart ero Faaentm nnn Fa-axnntm (ceuac yrnepnnoct nasnanne Faaencxn npy). Xorx norom yxe mecrnte ynepxnn, uro tn, mon, raxo apnn ns nnocrpanntx aen-aaen, no snammne nmn ncera oxcnxnn, uro aa +ro nouno yx, ymemmn nerart no nosyxy, nx xoroporo ner nperpa n xoropt ouent nmnr nopxox. Heapom nmenno nm nyrann nenocnymntx ere: Bor aa npner n saeper rex!
Faaencxn npy
Onaxo unnnnn Hnanon nnxaxnx nountx yxon ne oxncx. 3aro ncera snan nent n Mocxne na nec n rxann. H xora nent naann, nnuero ne npoanan. 3aro ecnn ornosnn ronap n Mocxny, snaunr, ram rouno nent nnepx nonesnn. Cocen axe sno myrnnn, uro emy nonocrn uepr no nosyxy npnnocnr. A moxer, +ro tn ne uepr, a mecrnt aa? On xe xax pas no nosycxm n nyremecrnyer Hpana, nce +rn cnxsn c neuncro cnno mornn oxcnxrtcx n nnonne semno. Hnanont tnn crapoopxnamn. Mexy npounm, n Map]a n Xonanmnne Mycoprcxoro craponepxa. Kcrarn, +ro cnnerentcrnyer o rom, uro n mecrax uepnnntna n Iontxnona nsanna naxonnn npnmr cornannte co cnonx npnntuntx mecr croponnnxn pennxro pyccxaro narouecrnx, xax nmenonann cex crapoopxnt. Ionnmte n npecneyemte nnxonnanamn, onn ntnyxent tnn cnnartcx n copt n ranrtcx mnorne cronernx. H npano cnono, npnxrno, uro cpen annnx xnrene uepnnntna n Iontxnona naxonnnct uecrnte n nepoxne nmn, roronte art npnmr crpaxymnm. ymaercx, uro nmenno +rn ennonepnt-crpannnxn n paccxastnann unnnnny Hnanony nonocrn npo nent, ocranannnnaxct n ero epenne na nouner. B pyrnx-ro epennxx craponepon n na nopor ne nycxann oxnnct nosmesnx nnacre. Eme n uepnnntno nnora sarnxtnann noxnnte n crapte enymxn. Hoxnntmn cunrannct n ry nopy ennnt or 23 o 28 ner, ne cymenmne ntrn samyx. Hy a ecnn n x 29 roam enxxxn ne cmornn ctcxart cee myxa, ro nepexonnn n paspx craptx en. Bnpouem, n pasntx mecrax tnn pasnte rpaannn nanmenonann, no ono ocrananoct nensmenntm: ecnn ennna ne samyxem, +ro nosop ne rontxo nx nee, no n nx nce cemtn. Bor n ornpannxnnct ennnt n ranoe nyremecrnne n nec x rpannnam epenent uepnnntno n Iontxnono. Ho npeannm, n necy rom tna nsymxa, nox n xoropym n ycrponn onpeenennt pnryan moxno tno samannrt n cnom cyty cyxenoro. Hy a nocne raxo mncrnuecxo npnmanxn on oxnnxncx n n xnsnn. Esnnn n sanonent nec n myxunnt. V nnx cnox nerena nmenact. Tam, n necy, nao tno ctcxart cnnn xamemex. He naxno, Ofpepakfupoean u onynukoean ua cafe : PRESSI ( HERSON ) xaxoro pasmepa, xort xpomeunt yntxnnx, no nenpemenno onxen trt y nero cnnn orrenox. Horomy uro raxo Hccnnt-xament n npnmannr x uenonexy EIO Cuacrnnnym onm. Cunranoct, nexora raxnm xamnem nnaen xnxst Cenep Ocrya. Ho marnuecxomy noneptm, xora onx naxonnact, xament nyxno tno orart. Ho xomy nenonxrno. Bor Cenep n ne cran nomart ronony, a npocro cpocnn xontno c nantna re-ro n paone pyutx Bemnn ncrox. Kro naer romy n onx. Bemnn ncrox rax tn nasnan noromy, uro ne samepsan axe n mopos. Houemy ceuac ne ysnaemt. Toro pyutx, npnroxa peuxn Cocenxn, anno ner. Ho nnno, Cenep nepnn, uro x mncrnuecxomy no rem npemenam ncroxy yyr npnxonrt ocote nmn, nepxmne n marnm. Onn n nayr sanernoe xontno. H nosmoxno, yyr nyume snart, xax nocrynnrt c nnm antme. Hensnecrno, naxonnoct nn xontno. Ho +nrysnacrt nmyr ero n no ce ent. Hereny +ry npo Hccnnt-xament nt roxe moxere npouecrt n npnnoxennn. 3ect xe mt noronopnm o peantno ncropnn. Xorx xro snaer, uro peantno, uro nerenapno? Hnora nce +ro cnnro n raxo xnyox, uro ne pasontemt n sa cro noxonenn. Hrax, cnona peantnax epenymxa uepnnntno. Vxe nropax nononnna XIX nexa nomna. Ho nor xaxax saxantxa onapyxnnact nacenenne epennn pocno xpane menenno, saro narococroxnne nepno. Pennsnx 1857 roa (+ro cnycrx nonnexa ntxoa na nontnte xnea) ntxnnna n epenne 7 nopon c 53 ymamn ooero nona. axe x xonny XIX nexa sect nmenoct ncero 17 nopon c 58 xnrenxmn. 3aro nenepoxrnt cnyua no rem npemenam npaxrnuecxn nce myxcxoe nacenenne oxasanoct rpamorntm. a n xenmnnt roxe ymenn nocrannrt nonncn n nocunrart no omamnnm nyxam. H nnxaxnx mxon n epenne ne nanmanoct. To ecrt onn camn cex yunnn. Bor nam n craponept! A x xonny nexa onn noome ntxynnnn y rocyapcrna cnon semnn. To ecrt +ro crana HX semnx. H ne omnnnax onn ee noennnn! Bor nam n uepnnntnnt npano cnono, onxrt ecrt uem ropnrtcx! Vxe n 60-x roax XIX cronernx onn orxptnn y cex ymarorxanxym ]apnxy, a norom n ]apnxy no ntnycxy oexn. 58 xnrene, ns xoroptx nononnna (xoneuno, xenmnnt) xnonorana no omy, ro ecrt n omecrnennom nponsnocrne ne morna trt sanxra, n ne ]apnxn! 3ro x uecrt n xnana. A mt nx ne nomnnm Kya x raxoe ronrcx-ro?! He noromy nn npnxonrcx eno Mapre ponrt no oxpecrnocrxm n paccxastnart cnon pasnte ncropnn? Moxer, xort ern npncnymamrcx Hepec1penxa na sanopxax ouon Vuuua Aumacuaa Bt ne nonepnre, no cnycrx xaxoe-ro npemx mne onenoct cnona ycntmart paccxas o Mapre, o cnx nop rynxmme no uepnnntny n Iontxnony. Paccxas +ror tn o eme onee rparnuecxnx ocroxrentcrnax. H noneana mne ero cocexa no ouepen n xnmuncrxe nana. Croxnn mt onro, noromy uro ama nnepen nac sarexna nepnnoe ntxcnenne ornomenn c npnemmnne, xoropax nontranact oxcnnrt ame, uro nemt c nxrnom nao tno npnnocnrt n uncrxy ryr xe, a ne xart neenm, noxa nxrno npncoxner oxonuarentno. ama cnymart nnuero ne xenana, nsnnnact na tt n ntcxasana no ]nnan pasronopa, uro npnmner nx pasnparentcrn cnoero o]pena, a on nsnecrnt n paone parox. Hpnemmnna rontxo nneuamn noxana, nanepnoe, cntmana na cnoe paore n ne raxoe. Ona nonepnynact x cneymme xnnenrxe, n nauanoct nonoe nynoe pasnparentcrno. A nor croxmax sa mno xenmnna cpearnponana na nosrnac o parxe: Hy epxnct! oepnynact x ne n ntcxasana: Kaxo parox? Ceuac xe ne nnxne enxnocrte! A n namem paone n n enxnocrte ne cnntno mannnn, nporonopnna xenmnna. Xorx x pasox nonana na raxoe A uro raxoe? ne yepxanact x. Hy npxmo xax noronxnyn menx xro-ro c nonpocom. H npannntno cenan! Horomy uro xenmnna paccxasana nectma npnmeuarentnym ncropnm. Hpnnoxy, xax mory: B 1996 roy mna x omo. Xorena nyrt coxparnrt, nomna no sanopxam Anracxo ynnnt c pyro cropont omon. Hy n npyr cntmy. ntcrpent. Koneuno, x snana, uro no Mocxne rora mnn pasopxn. Ho urot nor rax nonacrt camo?! Ornxnynact rnxxy, x mnmo ant ny. Koneuno, ann rpomxo cxasano. Tax, uro-ro n nonane nomemanoct npoe xaxo-ro nomtnouno. Hapo noronapnnan, uro rya parxn esxr napnrtcx. H nor nornepxenne: ntcrpent x mecry npnpocna. A xya enartcx? Crom na orxptrom mecre. A ns nepe +rnx nonynonantntx ant myxnx ntcxounn. Hy, ymam, ceuac ero xe parxn no nemy nannrt n cranyr. A ryr xax pas n x crom H npyr sa cnnno y menx ronocox narpecnyrt: Hn nnepe! He cro! rnxnyna uepes nneuo axa n remnom nnarouxe c xnmxo. Xnart menx sa pyxy n erom x omam. Tontxo mt npocxounnn n n noes mpxnynn, sa namn onxrt ntcrpent. Bnno, ecrnnrentno xro-ro ns ann ntexan n sa rem, xro ypan, npnnycrnncx, crpenxx na xoy. Hy ena! Honyuaercx, menx axa npxmo ns +nnnenrpa cotrn ntramnna. Or era-ro x crom, rxxeno tma. A oxtemy oynanunxy xort t xnt. Tontxo rnasxamn stpxnyna n xnmxy cnom ns pyxn n pyxy, xax mnxapnym rpocrt, nepexnnyna. axe noymana: moxer, ee xnmxa ns rex xe marnuecxnx npnamacon, uro n nerenapnax rpocrt Bonana, nomnnre y Fynraxona? A axa xnxnxnyna, nnarouex cnan rnxxy, a ona monoentxax concem. Monoxe menx. uanracmaropnx xaxax-ro. Xorena cnpocnrt, a mnr n ner nn axn, nn monoxn. Crom ona n noese oma pxom c monm. Bor xax raxoe nonnmart? Hoymana, y menx rnmxn or crpaxa. A norom neuepom no mecrnomy xaentnomy xanany Amerncr cxasann, uro ecrnnrentno tna nepecrpenxa na Anracxo. A nt npo Mapry xora-nnyt cntmann? nonnrepeconanact x. 3ro npo mecrnoe npnnnenne? 3ro rontxo axn onramr. Ha namy ecey npyr cpearnponan myxunna csan. Txxeno xe croxrt n ouepen. A uro, na Mapry nnonne noxoxe. Ionopxr, ona ro crapyxo, ro enuonxo oopaunnaercx. H mexy npounm, pacxpacannne. Ofpepakfupoean u onynukoean ua cafe : PRESSI ( HERSON ) Hy a npnntuno cpearnponana xenmnna. Bam, xoenxm, rontxo npo xpacannn ymart Hpn uem ryr xoenn? ]tpxnyn myxunna. Herena ecrt Ho xaxax nerena n npo uro, ysnart ne yanoct. B npnemnym ntmnn cpasy ne npnemmnnt, n ouepet mrnonenno pacrexnact na rpn pyuexa. Bce mt n x, n xenmnna, n myxunna nauann oxcnxrt npnemmnnam npo cnon saxast. Bnpouem, ysnart npo mecrnym nereny mne nce-raxn npnnenoct. Ha namem xonne Hocnnoro Ocrpona ecrt cnoeopasnoe mecro ncrpeu. Tam nocrannent cront, n crexamrcx rya crapnuxn n crapymxn co nce oxpyrn ro n omnno nrpamr, ro axe n xaprnmxn. Hy a xora omecrno ne conpaercx, ram onnouxn cnxr. Bor x ram xax-ro n npncena. A xo mne crapymxa noomna. Aconmrno conpemennax n xnncnxax n, xax renept mono nastnart, rynnxe npome ronopx, nnnno pyamxe es nyronnn. Bor ona-ro n paccxasana crapnnnym ncropnm. Kax nonrcx, npo Hmont. Hy a x xe ooxam nce +ro sannctnart. Bor n sanncana, xax cmorna. Ceuac na nee orptnartcx ne cranem, no n npnnoxennn ona ecrt. Hounrare: Ceronx noutm ne npnercx cnart. Herena epennn uepnnntno. H ne ronopnre norom, uro xnnere n rnyxom n oranennom paone Mocxnt n Harantnnom ntcenxe. Cnon npeannx ecrt nese. apa n Mocxne Iouoauoecuu npy +exy yuuua+u Aumacuo u Vpauocuo, nepexoaue e Vccypucuym Hernxx xapa 2010 roa cenana ns Mocxnt ]nnnan aa. Cnauana ontme mecxna mocxnnue noxapnnann na connnenexe sa 30, a sarem n no 40 rpaycon. Horom nauancx noome xommap saropennct nomocxonnte rop]xnnxn, n cronnny naxptn exn cmor. Crano ne npocro yymnnno xapxo, no noome neuem tmart. C yrpa o neuepa cnent (a na camom ene mano uro nonnmammne nmn) ntrannct anart mocxnnuam conert. Bce +ro cnononyne tno nyx copron: onn c neno y pra xpnuann: Cpouno yesxare!, pyrne c eme onee xyrxo ncrepnxo saxnnnann: 3axpore oxna, sannntre mropt n nn n xoem cnyuae ne ntxonre na ynnny! Hpn +rom nepnte satnn, uro ontmnncrno mocxnnue paoraer, a n ern n nencnonept ne moryr nor rax npocro copnartcx nmnr n exart xya-ro. Hy a nropte, xaxercx, ncxpenne n camn ne nonnmann, uro coneronann, net npn saxptrtx oxnax n nourn copoxarpaycno xape eronnte oma mocxnnue npenpamannct n nacroxmne nonymxn cmeprn. Hy a xonnnnonepon y ontmnncrna napoy n n nomnne ne tno. Bo-nepntx, noromy, uro nx ne paspemann crannrt es cnennantnoro o]opmnennx ymar. Bo-nroptx, noromy, uro nx noxynxa, ycranonxa n nnarnoe paspemenne cronnn acnocnonntx ener. a n nenosmoxno tno xynnrt nx n rem onee ycranonnrt n re npoxnxrte nn.
Iontxnoncxn npy
Vrpom n nocxpecente 8 anrycra crano concem nentnocnmo +ro tn yxe rpern ent conepmenno yrapnoro cmora. Pano naptnanoct n conerax saxynopnrtcx n eronntx xnnnmax n ne ntcontnart noca na ynnny. Ho mt c myxem pemnnn no-nnomy mt ntmnn na ynnny. H nopasnnnct, nacxontxo ram nerue tmart. Bet y nac no oxnamn Iontxnoncxn npy, noxpyr nero epentx. Koneuno, onn nourn ne amr renn, no nce panno xorx t eronnte crent ne anxr na ncnxnxy. Boa pana na cex ocnonno yap, n xaxercx, axe sanax nnnsy uyncrnonancx mentme, uem n saxononauenno or +roro sanaxa xnaprnpe-ymeryxe. K romy xe n 15 mnnyrax xott or Iontxnoncxoro npya nec Hocnnoro Ocrpona. Hpana, o nero nrn no connnenexy no 40 rpaycon. Ho mt nepernxnynnct n pemnnn pncxnem. O, xax mt tnn npant! Bor +ro n nao tno coneronart oesymenmnm or xapt n xyrxo rapn mocxnnuam ntxonrt ns xnaprnp-ymeryox no epentx, na nmo xnouox npnpot xort no xycr, xort na rpanxy. Hy a n namem Hocnnom Ocrpone tn pa. Bor xora moxno tno nonxrt n nouyncrnonart, uro +ro raxoe. 3ro ne pasnneuennx c rypnxmn, ne xaxo-ro ram ocot xom]opr. Pa +ro mecro, re moxno tmart. Koneuno, nonnma n necy roxe uyncrnonanact no ne o raxo xe crenenn! Cnonom, x neuepy mt nepnynnct omo, nourn ortmanmnecx. H ryr pasancx snonox. Mox nepnemax nopyra, xnnymax na cocene ynnne, ronopnna raxnm ronocom, uro mne crano noncrnny crpamno He mory ontme. menrana ona sannerammnmcx xstxom. 3nonm npocrnrtcx. Bpyr uro Tt oma? ncrpenenynact x. Hemenenno ntxon na ynnny! Hentsx npomenrana nopyra. Bpaun nenenn nce menn saxononarnrt n oma cnert. Hnxoro ne cnyma! saxpnuana x. Hn no nop x nepnomy nonanmemycx epeny! Ortmnct nemnoro n nonsn n nec! Ofpepakfupoean u onynukoean ua cafe : PRESSI ( HERSON ) Hentsx na ynnny. nonropxna ypanxoe yexenne nopyra. ceuac x ree npny! xpnuana x. Cama rex ntney! He nao Cama neoct ene na norax cronmt, cnoxnarnnact nopyra. Tora nn na ynnny! Hanepnoe, x opana rax ncromno, uro ona raxn nomna. Ocmennnact. H yxe uepes necxontxo mnnyr snonnna nourn n +]opnn: no nope. Tyr y nac epentx n xycrapnnx. Tyr ropaso nyume. Houemy xe onn yexann ncex ne ntxonrt ns omy?! ne crana cnpamnnart, xro raxne onn. H rax xcno! 3rn camte onn nanepnxxa nenn peut o rom, uro nao saxononarnrtcx n xnaprnpe, nxnmunn KOHHHHOHEP na ncm xarymxy. Onn, ram, na nepxax, axe n ne noospenann, uro y mocxnnue nnxaxnx xonnnnonepon orpoxct ne nonnoct. 3rn onn-conerunxn noome xnnn ne n name peantnocrn. Hopyra nosnonnna npnmepno uepes uac yxe ns neca, re nnonne ortmanact. Tontxo n cxasana: Kaxercx, rt menx cnacna A cxontxo rex, xro nonepnn, uro nao saxptrtcx n eronno ymeryxe, npocneno ram n nn cmora n cxontxo norom nonnarnnoct sopontem sa +ror crpannt coner He ntxonre ns oma?.. Koneuno, cnauana-ro nce npoe nepexnnn +ror a. Ho cnycrx napy mecxnen y macct napoa onapyxnnnct cepeunte, cocyncrte, xoxnte n anneprnuecxne saonenannx, ne npomemne n no ce ent n cranmne xponnuecxnmn. Bor yx noncrnny xponnxa mocxoncxo xapt. Ho mt c myxem neuepom 8-ro uncna onxrt ntnonsnn na ynnny. Cnenn nanpornn cnoero npya. Monuann. Mtcnt tna rontxo ona: ecnn n sanrpa nce npoonxnr nrn no napacramme xapa n xonnrax rapt, +ro craner nauanom xonna. Kro snaer, cmoryr nn axe epentx n nam npy npornnocroxrt napacrammemy ay. A nmn onn xe, xax mox nopyra, nepxr, uro nao cnert n eronntx ymeryxax, uro yer c nnmn? Bet axe ceuac, no nout, nourn nnxro ne ntnons ns xnaprnp. A moxer, onn yxe ne n cocroxnnn? Bet npomenrana xe mox nopyra: He mory ontme snonm npocrnrtcx Heyxenn npana n +ro nauano xonna?.. Fenax ]nrypa ntcoxax, ronxax nosnnxna na epery Iontxnoncxoro npya. Myxunna n eno nnnno, no xoneno, pyaxe, cnoontx ntnxntx pmxax n entx xpocconxax noomen nnnornym x noe n ncxnnyn pyxn. Ptnox, pesxn ncxpnx. H na rom epery npya nosnnx orxnnx. 3axrnnct na ornx remno-antx, xponantx. uro +ro tno? He nonxrt. Iontxnoncxn npy ontmo. He npy osepo pasnnnnoe. Ecnn n Faaencxom npyy ncero- ro sepxano not n 1 rexrap, ro Iontxnoncxn pasnnncx nourn na 9 rexrapon. K romy xe nout ]onapn ene ropxr. 3ro renept noxpyr npya na Anracxo ynnne nnnmmnnannx, ram xe cosann naroycrpoennt napx. A n 2010 roy or ]onape tnn onn ocrarxn. He noromy nn na ornx na npornnononoxnom epery ntcnernnnct pesxo n rpenoxno? To nn ne ]apt mamnnt, ro nn na npoxexropa. Ho ontme ncero onn noxonnn na napy nonutnx oxponannenntx rnas. H rnasa +rn samnrann n crpannom pnrme. Myxunna n enom nanpxrcx. Ero ronxne nantnt ncxnnynnct n xaxom-ro nanpxxennom nsnere. Mnr n onn nonropnnn pnrm mnrammnx xponantx orne. Hantnt cxnmannct n pasxnmannct, pyxn saxpyrnnnct n crpannom xoponoe. Myxunna cnona uro-ro ropranno ntxpnxnyn H npyr x nonxna 3ro mar. Fent mar paoran y not Iontxnoncxoro npya. Houemy sect? HE noromy nn, uro nama pexa Cocenxa, saxnmuennax n rpyy, crana nosemno? Pexo-npnspaxom. Mncrnuecxo pexo, nponoxme Bpemena n Tant. Hpana, ceuac ns-sa uyonnmno xapt ona xnno omenena, noromy uro yponent not n npyy cnntno ynan. Hanepnoe, n cnnt pexn ncronunnnct roxe. He noromy nn ent mar npnmen cma xononart-paorart ne onn? Kro-ro na pyrom epery npya noepxnnaer ero antmn ornxmn. Oront. Boa. Bosyx. 3emnx no noramn. uertpe ocnonnte crnxnn, c xoroptmn paoramr marn. Ho ecrt eme ona merann. H cnonno n orner na mon mtcnn pyxn mara sapoxann n nosyxe, n crano xcno, uro na ero pyxax mnoxecrno xenesntx pacneron. 3naunr, on noyman n o nxro crnxnn meranne. Otuno marnuecxne pnryant conponoxamrcx pnrmnuntmn snyxamn necnxmn, apaanntmn yapamn. Ho ceuac nnuero +roro ne tno. Tontxo na xpocrntx n pesxnx ncxpnxa mara. H nor nposnyuan rpern. Pyxn n enom nsmernynnct nnepx, cnonno n npomantnom ncnnecxe. Ornn na rom epery npya ryr xe noracnn. Fenax ]nrypa ormarnynact or not n menenno nopena npxmo na nac. Mt c myxem cnenn na cxamexe, onenenen. Kasanoct, mar nooer. Ho on, rxxeno tma, oomen namy cxamtm n ocranonnncx csan. Myx nouemy-ro nsoxnyn n nonepnyncx x mary cnnno. A x cmorpena, ne n cnnax oropnartcx. Hnna +roro uenonexa ne tno nnno. Tontxo enemmax ntcoxax n xyax ]nrypa. H mne nouemy-ro xasanoct, uro on cronr, noxaunnaxct, ne noromy, uro ycran, a noromy, uro xouer uro-ro cxasart, no ne pemaercx. nauana nonnmartcx nancrpeuy. Ho ryr on maxnyn pyxo n, nonepnynmnct, tcrpo nomen npout. Hy a x cnona nnmxnynact na cxamtm. Ha nocxoe nsomno xpocrno-opanxenoe connne, n mocxnnun yxe npnroronnnnct x ero nono cmepronocno araxe. Ho nponsomno neoxnannoe cronnx repmomerpa ynan. onnrax rapt pasnexnact. Hs remno nenent nosyx nnont operan tnym npospaunocrt. Hopyra nosnonnna n, ne onepxx cee, cnpocnna: 3ro ecrnnrentno naxner ne rax yxacno nnn mne xaxercx? E ne xasanoct. Mocxnnun tnn cnacent. Ho ena myx ntmen ns oma, xax nepnyncx nasa: Tam, y noesa, meprnt! ntcxounna. Bnnsy ronnnnnct nmn, omapamenno nepernxtnaxct. B neontmo xananxe ooxxenno xapo semnn nexan uenonex n enom. Hnno tno cnoxono. H nosa nourn esmxrexna. On cenan cnoe eno saxptn ropo or cmeprentno xapt. Ho nce nmeer cnom neny. H on ee sannarnn. Ofpepakfupoean u onynukoean ua cafe : PRESSI ( HERSON ) Hpana, na pyro ent cnona nonexno yymnnno raptm. Ho xonnrt norox nosyxa xax npnmen, rax n ymen. 3naunr, mar tn nce-raxn cnnen n snan cnoe eno. 3naunr, n nena tna ormepena n npenasnauena sapanee. Tontxo nor xax on conpancx c cnnamn, urot ntrn x noe? nx menx +ro crpamnax saraxa. On snan, na uro men. Ho, nanepnoe, nce xe naexncx na mncrnuecxne cnnt nosemno pexn. H ne ntxonnn nn n ry xe nout pyrne marn na pyrne mncrnuecxne pexn n nnte Mecra Cnnt Mocxnt? Moxer, n rax. Kro snaer?.. H eme x nce npemx ymam: nouemy nsmaxom pyxn mar ocranonnn menx, ne an noorn? Moxer, ecnn t x oxasanact pxom, HEHA noennnact t na nonx? Ho on xnno ne xoren +roro Hac1t 1pe1tn Conpa1enn npeuen Moxer, n pyrnx crapnnntx ropoax n ne rax, no n Mocxne crpacrt x pasnnuntm conparentcrnam npocro-raxn pasnnra n nosyxe. A xax nnaue? 3a nexa sect crontxo cxonnnoct ncero n pasnoro, uro xaxt xonnexnnonep ctmer cnom nnmy. Bnpouem, crapte xonnexnnonept nmxr ronapnnart no-cnoemy: Mt ne copannx xonnm, a BPEM COFHPAEM. He at sauem, a urot npomnoe c nacroxmnm nepemno n yymee. H camn mt ne naxonnrenn, a COFHPATEHH BPEMEH. C +rnm npx nn xro nocnopnr. Hmenno onn, xonnexnnonept, ntyxnnax, xasanoct t, nnxomy ne nyxnte nemn, xnnrn, axe npocro crapym oexy, uro n npocropeunn nmenyercx pnantem, naxoxr n +rom crapte ncrnnnte xemuyxnnt, xoropte cnacamr or ynnuroxennx. a ne yt conparene ncex macre, mt t n ne snann, uem nmn pantme nontsonannct, uro naenann, na uro nnnnnct n uem nocroprannct. a n pasne conparenn ne apxeonorn npemenn?! Boccranannnnamr no xpynnnam, nnocx cno nxna n ro, urot Hpomnoe ne xanyno n Hery. Hpn raxom noxoe n nacrpoe nemypeno, uro xonnexnnonept napo mncrnuecxn nacrpoennt. Heren n npeann n nx cpee xonr nemepeno. H xaxax ncropnx y nnx ranncrnennax. Kaxax ocooro paccxasa rpeyer. O ncem ne nannmemt. Ho camte nnrepecnte saraxn n rant nce xe ncnomxnem. Camte nneuarnxmmne n nopaxammne noopaxenne rant xoneuno xe conpxxent co Bpemenem. A xnat ryr sannmamr nepnemee mecro. Crapnnnte cxpont-ro ncera npnrxrnnamr. Ho +ra saraxa no-cnoemy ynnxantna, no nmeer pasnxsxy xax n peantnom, rax n n nnpryantnom mnpe. Hoseunme coxponnma uaxaptencxnx cynyxon Kpe+uo, no auua+u Kypanron o n renn rocyape. O. Mauoe.iuma+
O rantx xnaax Mocxoncxoro Kpemnx ne nncan rontxo nennnt. Onaxo npaxrnuecxn nce ncropnn ocnonant rontxo na nsycrntx npeannxx. Ho cymecrnyer sanncannt paccxas o ranncrnenntx nosementntx maxaptencxnx cynyxax pexn npnmep peantnocrn nponcmemero. Hcropnx +roro nerenapnoro xnaa, nonyunnmax nceomym ropocxym ornacxy, nauanact n 1718 roy n saxonunnact yxe n XX nexe. A nnpouem, no-nacroxmemy-ro n ne saxonunnact. oxnaercx cnonx nccneonarene. Hrax ocent 1718 roa. Ha npecrone Poccncxo nmnepnn n anexom, nourn npnspaunom nx Mocxnt Canxr-Herepypre Herp I Anexceennu. Hy a y nac mecro ecrnnx xoneuno xe Mocxna, Hpeopaxencxn rocyapen npnxas. Inannt repo Konan (no-nnomy Konon) Ocnnon, nonomapt nepxnn Hoanna Hpereun, uro na Hpecne. 3ect cpasy cneyer cxasart, uro nepxont +ra ne cront crapnnnax, cxont ocnonarentnax n nounraemax. Her rpnnart nasa, n 1680-x roax, ona tna nosneena eme epenxnno, no yxe nmena nounraemym cnxrtnm nxony Poxecrno Cnxroro Hoanna Hpereun. Honauany n nepxnn ne tno n cra nopon npnxoxan. Onaxo x nauany nonoro XVIII nexa nx uncno ynennunnoct o 200 c nnmxom. Bnpouem, no mocxoncxnm mepxam axe roro npemenn +ro tno nenennxo uncno. Ho eno-ro oxasanoct n rom, uro nce onn tnn nectma cocroxrentntmn. Moxno axe cxasart, roramnnmn orauamn. H ro mecro y pexn Hpecnn (ro ecrt npecnonono, rono nx nnrtx, ne saonouenno, xax mnorne nnte peuxn n oxpyre, xax, nanpnmep, n rom xe uepronte) tno sameuarentntm. Hepxont nosnenn na nsropte n y nsnyunnt pexn. Heynnnrentno, uro epenxnno ona npocroxna ncero-ro napy ecxrnnern. Forarte npnxoxane copann enexxn na ononnenne nosneenne xpama xamennoro, o uem n tno n 1714 roy noano npomenne n coornercrnymmne rocyapent oprant: B npomntx roex nocrpoena y nac nepxont epenxnnax no nmx Poxecrna Hoanna Hpereun, uro sa pexom Hpecnem, xoropax or annnx nop nectma onermana. Bnpouem, npnxoxane necxontxo nyxannnn nepxonxa eme croxna nectma npouno. Ho pas entrn copant moxno n xamennt xpam crponrt. a nor sarnosxa. Crponrentcrno-ro nauanoct, no tcrpo oxasanoct cnepnyrtm. Ho no nce crpane ntmen yxas, sanpemammn xamennoe crponrentcrno, noennxy nect xament onxno na crponrentcrno Hono cronnnt nepenpannxrn. Honax cronnna, +ro xax nce nonnmamr, rpa Herpa Canxr-Herepypr. Bor n sacrtno pasnnrne xamennoro souecrna no nce crpane. Ocranact eme na 15 ner epenxnno n nepxont Hoanna Hpereun, uro na peuxe Hpecne n Mocxne. Tontxo n 1728 roy (yxe cnycrx rpn roa nocne cmeprn Herpa Bennxoro) sanper yer cnxr n crponrentcrno xpama nosononnrcx. Ho noxa nepxonxa epenxnnax, nexasncrax, nnxaxoro ocooro nouera x ee cnyxnrenxm ne nmeercx. He noromy nn ee romn nonomapt Konan Ocnnon necxontxo pas ntrancx npopnartcx x npnexanmemy no enam n Mocxny ns Herepypra nauantnnxy Hpeopaxencxoro npnxasa xnxsm Pomoanoncxomy. Honomapm-ro ero eno xasanoct enom ontmo naxnocrn. Ho, nnno, n n re npemena unnonnnun nm ne crpemnncx x pasronopam co ncxxnmn npocnrenxmn. Crpaxa npocro ntpactnana nacrtpnoro Ocnnona non, a onaxt n nonna. Bor rora-ro nonomapt n ne crepnen rapxnyn npnnmno: Iocyapeno Cnono n eno! Taxo xnnu osnauan yxe ne nnunym nyxy, a eno rocyapeno naxnocrn. H noromy crpaxnnxn ne nocmenn nnont ntrnart Konana, a nponycrnnn x nauantcrny nycrt pasnpaercx. B xonne xonnon, ecnn nacrtpnt nonomapt conpan, n eno ero ne naxno nx Ofpepakfupoean u onynukoean ua cafe : PRESSI ( HERSON ) nmneparopcxnx nyx, ero npnmepno naxaxyr. Henpannntnoe nponosrnamenne Cnona n ena rposnr rxxentmn nocnecrnnxmn: moryr n na ty nsepnyrt, moryr n xstx ntpnart a rnasa ntxonort. Onaxo y Ocnnona namnnct necxne oxasarentcrna nx ynorpenennx ranoro xnnua. Hpnuem raxne, uro npocroro nonomapx ryr xe ornesnn n om xnxse Pomoanoncxnx, re n ro npemx rocrnn camt nnnxrentnt npecrannrent +roro crapnnnoro poa nnunt pyr camoro nmneparopa Herpa I Hnan ueoponnu Pomoanoncxn. Ce nentmoxa tn ctnom xnxsx-xecapx ueopa Rptennua Pomoanoncxoro nnunoro pyra n nannpnnnxennemero npnnopnoro napx Herpa I. Heapom xe Herp ocrannxn ueopa Rptennua pyxononrt napcrnom n nepno cnonx sarpannuntx noesox. Hmenno on pacnpannxncx co Crpenenxnm ynrom, emy xe nmneparop onepnn n pyxonocrno Hpeopaxencxnm npnxasom, xoropt sannmancx ctcxntm enom. Hy a nocne cmeprn orna xnxsem-xecapem n nmnmnem Herpa cran n ctn Hnan ueoponnu. 24 ]enpanx 1718 roa nmneparop nnuno nanncan Hnany ueoponnuy Pomoanoncxomy: Kax cnonecno Bamemy Bennuecrny nnn uenom, rax n nnctmenno onocnm, at narononnnn ena Hpnxasy Hpeopaxencxoro npnnxrt rax, xax naxennte namxrn oren nam ynpannxn. He cronr ynnnxrtcx, oruero Herp nmenyer Pomoanoncxoro-ctna Bennuecrnom nmneparop cam npncnonn emy raxo rnryn. Herp noome nmnn npnrnopxrtcx nnxuemntm, nourenntm cnyro n np. On xe snan, uro on nmneparop. B annom xe cnyuae Herpy neoxonmo tno, urot Pomoanoncxn-mnamn cnyxnn emy cront xe ycepno, cxont Pomoanoncxn-crapmn. 3a-pan nepnoro cnyxennx moxno n ne raxym sanncxy nanncart. Bor Pomoanoncxn-ctn n nauan crapartcx. A ryr xax pas n nonepnyncx nonomapt Konan Ocnnon. Hpana, nonauany xnxst-xecapt ne ocoo nnnmarentno ntcnyman nonomapx. Ho Xnrpt nonomapt peut nonen ncnonont. Oxcnnn, uro no onry nepxonno cnyxt uacrentxo cranxnnaercx c ncropnxmn, ncnntnammnmn na ncnonen roro nnn nnoro ntcoxonocrannennoro npnxoxannna. Koneuno, nonomapt ne cnxmennnx, no n y nero ecrt ymn. Bor n ycntman on xax-ro cnnunnoe nocnomnnanne tnmero txxa Fontmo xasnt Bacnnnx Maxapona. Tor paccxastnan o xaxom-ro crapnnnom rannxe n nosementxx Mocxoncxoro Kpemnx. entrn ram, nnart, nemante. Hy a ntnue nce nonnmamr, uro monooe rocyapcrno Herpono ocrpo nyxaercx n cpecrnax, nor Konan n pemnn paccxasart, uro ysnan. Pomoanoncxn rontxo xmtxnyn. Kaxnct, eno cxyunoe otunt onoc nnn, roro xyxe, ntymxa. Ho cneymmee nmx, nponsnecennoe Ocnnontm, sacrannno xnxsx npncnymartcx. Peut ner o mxrexno napenne Co]te! ntoxnyn nonomapt. Knxst nanpxrcx. Onantnax crapmax cecrpnna nmneparopa Herpa I, npannnmax 7 ner c 1682 no 1689 ro, o cnx nop cunranact nepcono npaxte, xort ee yx anno n na cnere ne tno. 3ro cnyunnoct n nepnt ro ee npannennx nauan oxcnxrt Ocnnon. txx Bacnnn Maxapon n ro npemx sannman n Fontmo xasne mecro, xoropoe mt ceuac nasnann t mnnncrpom ]nnancon. H ntsnana ero napenna Co]tx. Honenena norn c nponepxo n ranoe nosemente. H men on uepes nect Kpemnt samacxnponanntm nosemntm xoom or Tannnxo amnn o Coaxn-no, ona xe Apcenantnax Vrnonax. Xo tn pennn, octnanmncx. Co]tx nnuno nponncrpyxrnponana Maxapona, re, xax n xya cnopaunnart. onepxna, snaunr. H txx onepne onpanan. Hepexpecrnncx rpn pasa y nxoa, nonoxnncx na mnnocrt Foxtm n marnyn n remnt, octnammncx npoxo. Ocnemax nyrt norpecxnnammnm ]axenom, npopancx no Fnaronemencxnm coopom, norom no Ipanonnro nanaro. Hy a norom ynnen cnpana ne uepnte roncrennte xenesnte nepn, saneprte na rxxenennte nncxune samxn, a nonepex nepe nenn xenesnte nanepuent. Orxptnart samxn txxy ne tno npnxasano, a neneno tno nocrynnrt no-pyromy: nocnernrt cneuo n oxonna, ntpynennte oxono xaxo nepn. Oxonna re sapant tnn xenesntmn pemerxamn, no xonn ncynyrt uepes pemerxn cneuy, craner nnno, uro nnyrpn. Maxapon rax n cenan, a n oomnen. 3a xaxo neptm oxasanoct no xamenno nanare, n oe sacrannent cynyxamn ax no camte cnot. Boxpyr nexonax ntnt, rax uro xcno: x nnm anno yxe ne npnrparnnannct. Ha cynyxax rxxente samxn n cmyrno enemmne orpomnte nocxonte neuarn nce nerponyrte. Cnonom, napcxn rannx n nenocrn n coxpannocrn. Hy a uro morno t ram xpannrtcx? Konan ycrannncx na xnxsx Pomoanoncxoro noentm nsopom. cno, orarcrna necmernte, nexamn naxonnennte. Bor t opartcx o rannxa a ntnyrt coxponnma! Pomoanoncxn cnona xmtxnyn: A ree, xoneuno, ecxrnny, xoropax nanounxy nonaraercx! A npyr ram ne sonoro c pnnnnanramn, a oexonxa nenyxnax nnn xnnrn crapte, nerxne? Bpoe norepxnno nnnorexn napx Hnana Iposnoro, xox nastnanact Hnepee. Konan rontxo ronony cxnonnn: uro x, moxer, no moemy cnony n eny, nt cranere cnacnrenem ce Hnepen, Bame Bennuecrno? uro x, Pomoanoncxomy, npetnammemy na nocry rnant Hpeopaxencxoro ctcxnoro npnxasa, saxnnenne Ocnnona npnmnoct nectma xcrarn. Tpyon nnxaxnx. A moxer cnyunrtcx Bennxax naxoxa, sa xoropym nmneparop octnner mnnocrxmn. H nor n oxrxpe 1718 roa nauannct noncxn. Pomoanoncxn an Ocnnony n nomomt notxuero Herpa unuepnna n nonenen npnxasntm xpemnencxnm txxam oxasart nyxnym nomomt. Ho rem npemenam npnxas ceptesnt. H noncxn nauannct cnopo. a rontxo tcrpo saxonunnnct. Bor xax onnctnaer +ro ncropnx roro npemenn: H ont notxun ror nxo ocmorpen n onec nm, txxam, uro raxo ntxo ecrt, roxmo sactnan semnem. H ann emy xannrana n 19 conar, n ont rannx optnn n ne necrnnnt ouncrnnn, no crana semnx nannrtcx cnepxy. H ont xannran nocnan sanncxy (es ymarn nanepx n n re npemena tno nnxax ne oornct! E. K.), uro nonecrt no ro semnem ocxn, urot rom semne nme ne sactnano. H txxn nme ne ann n anee nrn ne nenenn, n no cnm nopy nce ne nccneonano. Kax xe rax?! A npnxas Pomoanoncxoro, neyxro ero ocnymannct? Vnt. Hpocro rnana Ctcxnoro npnxasa x romy npemenn yxarnn n Herepypr. Tam xnnenne xnsnn n ontmax nonnrnxa. Hy a mocxnnun napo cnoxont a menennt. Tyr cnox nonnrnxa: mentme snaemt xpenue cnnmt. A cxopee ontme xnnemt Hanepnoe, +ro n nronxonann naxonen Ofpepakfupoean u onynukoean ua cafe : PRESSI ( HERSON ) Konany Ocnnony, xoropt eme napy pas noptnancx ncxart coxponnma, xon nnen Maxapon. Cnonom, npnmnoct Konany satrt o xnaax rocyapeno naxnocrn. Fontme roro yexart ns ropoa nensnecrno xya. Bex nnxro ne nnrepeconancx rantmn coxponnmamn xpemnencxnx nonanon. Ho nor n poxono 1812 ro n Mocxny noxanonann nesnante ]pannyst. Hanoneon, cxnonnt x pasntm saraountm ncropnxm, nposnan npo annn paccxas o maxaptencxnx cynyxax n nauan nx noncxn. a rontxo pas yx rannx ne ancx cnonm, xya o nero ]pannysam! V nnx tcrpo namnoct onee nacymnoe eno orcrynart oparno. Bnont npo paccxas Konana Ocnnona ncnomnnnn rontxo nerom 1894 roa, xora nccneonannxmn nosemenn Kpemnx sanxncx cnxrentnt nmnrent crapnnt, xnxst H.C. Beparon. Ho n emy ne xnarnno ener na pacxonxn. Xort xnxst n cymen oprannsonart pacuncrxy necxontxnx rantx xoon, no x maxaptencxnm cynyxam ne nponncx. Fontme nonesno poccncxomy ncropnxy, apxeonory H.. Crennenxomy. On nauan nsyuenne nosemenn Kpemnx eme n 1908 roy, cnxro nonepnn n cymecrnonanne nexora norepxnno nnnorexn Hnana Iposnoro. Bnpouem, n or pyrnx xnaon on t ne orxasancx. Crennenxn nauan pacxonxn n 1914 roy tcrpte n ycnemnte, no nx ocranonnna Hepnax mnponax nona. Cnonno cama Hcropnx c ontmo yxnt ne nosnonxna pacxantnart rant Kpemnx. Ho neyromonnt Crennenxn or meurt ne orxasancx n nocne Oxrxptcxo penonmnnn nauan sapactnart nnctmamn Mocconer, HHK, Connapxom. Feccrpamno oparnncx, naxonen, x camomy Crannny. H oren napoon an opo. 1 exapx 1933 roa Crennenxn c pnrao paounx ns Vnpannennx xomenanra Mocxoncxoro Kpemnx nauan pacxonxn no Vrnono Apcenantno (Coaxnno) amne. C nepnoro xe nx nauannct paocrnte orxptrnx: oxasanoct, cno ranoro xoa ne nonpexen, on npocro sanoxen enoxamenntmn rntamn na xpenuamem pacrnope. Kora samyponxy nponomnnn na nonropa merpa, orxptncx onee ysxn npoxo, n xonne ero necrnnna, norom cnouarte apxn, cnona xot. B onom ns raxnx ornernnenn yuent n npnsnan ror camt rant xo, neymn x maxaptencxnm rannxam. Tyr, xax n nonaraercx, cocroxnoct saceanne cnennantno xomnccnn, xya nxonnn npecrannrenn xomenarypt Kpemnx, npexrop Opyxeno nanart B. Knen n nnnemne apxnrexropt A. Bycen n H. Bnnorpaon. Komnccnx ana opo na antnemne paort, no n Kpemnt Crennenxoro ontme ne nnycrnnn. Emy npocro ne ntann nponycx, nnuero ne oxcnxx. Hosementx xe noome samyponann. Hy uncrax mncrnxa Bnpouem, tnn n peantnte oxcnennx. Onn yuente cunrann, uro ncemy nonpenno yncrno C.M. Knpona nce xort n uem-ro comnnrentnte ena tnn npnxptrt. pyrne nanomnnann, uro paort ne concem cnepnynn. Hpocro ncem nnnmte pacxonxn oxasannct npexpament. Ho nosnnxna neontmax rpynna noncxontx cnennanncron, xoropte paorann rano, npnnnexax n xauecrne paoue cnnt conar-cpounnxon. H noromy nemypeno, uro uacrt conpemenntx nccneonarene cunraer, uro conercxne cnent nce xe nponnnct x cynyxam, o xoroptx paccxastnan Konan Ocnnon. uro xe cranoct c coxponnmamn? Kax nnmer nsnecrnt ncropnx-xnaoncxarent: Onn tnn ncnontsonant no npxmomy nasnauennm. Hntmn cnonamn, onn renept yxpamamr ue-ro cxpomnt, no nourn napcxn tr. Hopasnrentno nnoe ncuesnyn c peantnoro ropnsonra, coxponnma Konana neoxnanno noxnnnnct n mnpe nnpryantnom. Bnno ncemy oxasancx monoo amepnxancxn nncarent Poepr Hpnnn Ionap. C 1932 roa on nauan counnxrt ncropnn o nerenapnom Konane- napnape. Bnpouem, nnauane +ror nepconax ne nponsnen ]ypopa, saro x xonny XX nexa xaxt semnxnnn yxe snan o npnxnmuennxx nerenapnoro Konana n ero nonmeno- nnpryantnom, xnnemarorpa]nuecxom n xomntmrepnom, mnpe. H snaere, uro camoe nopasnrentnoe? Bnauane Ionap nasnan ncero repox cnacarent, uro snyuano xax Konan- ocna (or penneenpecxoro cnacart). Hy npxmo Konan Ocnnon! Bor n ne nept nocne +roro no nsanmonponnxnonenne peantnoro n ntmtmnennoro mnpon! Ocoenno ecnn ncnomnnrt, uro n ono ns ncropn eccrpamnt Konan cnacaer npexpacnym npnnneccy, sarouennym cnnpentm parom n Kpacnym amnm (ne nanomnnaer npaxy Co]tn n Herpa?). H mexy npounm, npnnnecca noctnaer cnoero myxecrnennoro cnacnrenx n nosemente, re n rantx cynyxax xpanxrcx ee coxponnma. B nauane XXI nexa paccxas nepenenn n xomntmrepnym nrpy n nor o cnx nop napo ynneuenno ponr no nosementxm n noncxax xnaon. Tax, moxer, yxe ne naxno, ecrt nn rannx n peantnocrn n nnpryantnom mnpe xaxt naer cno xna. Cuaparona neua1t Opyxeuaa nauama, Kpe+uo Iocyapt, xopont on Hepo, Tt nnmnncx t noxox, Ecnn nean, ecnn snan rt, uro nanncno na room. Po+aucepo. Ceueuuur npeovnperoaem
Bcemy mnpy nsnecrno, uro Opyxenax nanara Mocxoncxoro Kpemnx myse-coxponnmnnna, re xpanxrcx coxponnma n paronennocrn, copannte pyccxnmn napxmn n nnacrnrenxmn, ntnonnennte xpemnencxnmn macrepamn n nonyuennte n ap or nocontcrn nnocrpanntx rocyapcrn.
Ofpepakfupoean u onynukoean ua cafe : PRESSI ( HERSON ) Opyxenax nanara
Kasnoxpannnnme neoxrno: xpynnemne copannx sonortx, cepepxntx nsenn, paronenntx xamne n mnennpntx meenpon, rocyapcrnennte perannn, namxrnnxn opyxenoro ncxyccrna, xoponannonnte nnartx, napanax napcxax oexa, ntmnrax sonorom n paronenntmn xamentxmn, copanne +xnnaxe n napanoro xoncxoro ypancrna. H eme mnoroe n mnoroe. 3a xaxym nemt nmo xonnexnnonep xnsnt t oran! Bor n coxponnme, o xoropom cpen conparene xoxr ocote nerent, xaxercx, onxno tno t trt nmenno ram. H ronopxr, nnora ono ram oxnnxercx. Ho norom onxrt nponaaer na roa, a ro n na nexa. Tax uro xe +ro sa mncrnuecxax Ipesa xonnexnnonepon? 3ro nerenapnax cmaparonax, ro ecrt nsympynax, neuart napx Anexcex Mnxanonnua. Hsnecrno, uro Herp Bennxn npopynn oxno n Enpony. Onaxo na camom ene eme ero armmxa, napt Anexce Mnxanonnu, yxe, ecnn moxno rax cxasart, npnorxptn ]oprouxy: nauan nanaxnnart cnxsn c ramomnnmn rocyapxmn, nnrepeconartcx ncxyccrnom n axe sanen Komennym xopomnny rearp npn cnoem nope, uro no rem saxocrenentm npemenam tno nocrynxom xpane nonaropcxnm. Hposnan Anexce Mnxanonnu n o roramne moe ntpesart neuarn npxmo na paronenntx xamentxx. eno +ro rpeonano xpanero macrepcrna n tno nectma rpyoemxnm, no pyccxne macrepa nnnom n rpxst ne yapnnn cosann nx armmxn-napx neuart na cmaparonom xamne (rax nmenonancx nsympy). a ne at xaxym neuart-ro! Ecnn na can]npono neuarn, npnnnctnaemo xoponm pannero Cpenenexontx Anapnxy, tno ntrpannponano ncero-ro rpn cnona: Anapnx, xopont roron, ro na nsympye pyccxoro napx oreuecrnennte nenmn cymenn nomecrnrt ne rontxo ntmnt rep crpant, no n nonnt rnryn rocyapen: Hapt Bennxax, Fenax, Manax n rax anee no ycrany. Boncrnny meenp rnopennx! Anexce Mnxanonnu ouent ropnncx cnonm neuarntm nepcrnem, uacro nontsonancx nx nornepxennx ro nnn nno ymarn n rpannponxa na nsympye nn xanentxn ne crnpanact! Hnora no ocoomy pacnonoxennm napt noxastnan ce nstcxannt nepcrent nouerntm pyccxnm n nnocrpanntm rocrxm. Te rontxo axann, oconnno nnocrpannt. Bor rontxo nocne cmeprn rocyapx n 1676 roy cpen ero nnuntx n rocyapcrnenntx paronennocre ynnxantnoro nepcrnx ne oxasanoct. Kya encx nensnecrno. cno pyroe: ne cronno, nnno, noxastnart a ropnrtcx Hpomno npemx, ctn napx Anexcex Mnxanonnua, Herp Anexceennu, cranmn Herpom I Bennxnm, n noxpe 1712 roa tn npoesom n Fepnnne (esnn no enam, a saono n noneunrtcx na xypoprax Kapncaa). Tax nor n Fepnnne Herpy naapnnn ncxxnx pexocre snann, uro eme co npemen nepnoro npetnannx n Enpone pyccxn camoepxen rpenerno conpaer ncxxne nxonnnxn nx cnoro xannera pexocre, nmenyemoro na ronnancxn manep Kyncrxamepo. A nor nanopnt oep-xomnccap Hnnmann ropxecrnenno npenonec pyccxomy napm noapox, xoropt axe npnnepennnoro Herpa npnnen n nocropr. Xnrpen Hnnmann re-ro pastcxan nx noapxa. ncuesnynmn nexora ns napcxo xasnt nepcrent- neuarxy armmxn ntnemnero nmneparopa Anexcex Mnxanonnua. Ie nponaan ce nsympynt cxnranen, ocranoct rano, no n ntmnt pyccxn rep, n nce rnrynt rocyapent tnn na mecre n nncxontxo ne crepnnct or npemenn. Vmenn xe pyccxne macrepa enart! onontnt cnepx mept, Herp Anexceennu camonnuno npnnes n cocrnennom xomentxe armmxnny nxonnny na ponny. B ro npemx n nononocrpoennom Canxr-Herepypre xax pas pemeno tno sanoxnrt nonoe nomemenne nx Kyncrxamept. H xax rontxo n 1714 roy ono tno rorono n Hernem nopne, Herp nnuno ornec rya n nonoxnn na nouernemee mecro nsympynym neuarxy noxonoro armmxn. Eme n nouepxnyn: n cam ntrancx no xamnxm pesart, noromy snam, cxont rpyno raxonoe cornopnrt na cmaparonom xamemxe. H nycrt ce nepcrent yer ne nemt-namxrt or orna moero, a ncrnnnoe nponsneenne ncxyccrna. Taxontm ero n cunrart! uro x, nmnn nam Herp no ncem anart nennte yxast, yxasan n mecro nsympynoro meenpa. a rontxo nocne cmeprn Herpa Anexceennua Kyncrxamepa nepecrana nontsonartcx ocotm nnnmannem. Mnorne +xcnonart nonoprnnnct, onermann, nexoropte n nonce nponann or npemenn. omno o roro, uro mnorontxnx neme neocunrannct npn nepenncn, xoropym nonenena nponsnecrn Ennsanera, out Herpa, nocne xoponannn 25 anpenx 1742 roa. Bor n nsympynt nepcrent-poxra ns Kyncrxamept onxrt ncues xya-ro. Kya, nouemy nensnecrno. Hsnecrno nnoe: nsomemn na npecron cnycrx 54 roa Hanen I, nectma rxrorenmn x mncrnxe n oxxyntrnsmy, ntrancx pastcxart +ror ncuesnynmn nepcrent. Koneuno xe on nyxancx ne n neuarn n ne n paronenntx xamnxx (x romy npemenn crapannxmn Exarepnnt II, marepn Hanna, xasna poccncxax tna nonnexontxa) nmneparop-mncrnx nepnn n ro, uro rep n rnrynt rocyapx, ntrpannponannte na nsympynom nepcrne, moryr narpanrt nnaentna xontna ocoo momtm n cnno n ynpannennn rocyapcrnom. Koneuno, no npnxasy Hanna nepcrent ycepno ncxann, a nanpacno. Bnpouem, n npemenn-ro ontmoro nx noncxon ne oxasanoct uepes uertpe roa nocne nonapennx Hanen I, xax nsnecrno, tn ynr. Onaxo ronopxr, uro nocne cmeprn Hanna Herponnua nsympynax neuart rano noxnnnact n Mocxne n nerenapno Opyxeno nanare. Orrya ee rano n c ocoo oxpano nepenpannnn n roramnmm cronnny Canxr-Herepypr. H nemypeno, uro xora 31 mapra 1814 roa pyccxne nocxa ncrynnnn n Hapnx, oxonuarentno noenn apmnm Hanoneona, na yxasarentnom nantne nmneparopa Anexcanpa I xpxnm cmaparontm nyuom nepennnancx nexn crapnnnt nepcrent, xoropt moxno tno ncnontsonart n xax neuart. Honyuaercx, uro ncuesammn nsympy cnona nepnyncx nencnonenmtmn nyrxmn. Horom n nerenapnax raanxa Henopman, xoropym napt poccncxn yocronn aynennne, cnnerentcrnonana, uro na nantne noenrenx-camoepxna tn nsympynt nepcrent Cnnt. Bnpouem, Henopman xort n tna nponnnne, no cyty paronennomy nepcrnm ne npecxasana. a n o roro nn e tno? ocrarouno, uro e npnmnoct npecxasart rparnuecxym cyty nexoroptm pyccxnm o]nnepam, rem camtm, uro n yymem crann exapncramn- ynronmnxamn. H cronr ormernrt, uro Henopman ne xorena enart cront yxacntx npecxasann A nor nsympynt poxra nocne nosnpamennx ns Hapnxa ne noxnnxncx na nynnxe. H onxrt xe nensnecrno, ro nn on sarepxncx cpasy xe no npntrnn n Herepypr, ro nn norom. Ho cpen nepcrne Hnxonax I, ncrynnnmero na npecron nocne nnesanno cmeprn para Anexcanpa, raxoro xontna ne tno. Kya ncuesna cmaparona neuart rana. Ho npnorxptnact ona rontxo n 1880-x roax, no npemena napcrnonannx nmneparopa Anexcanpa III. Ionopxr, y nero crapnnnt nsympynt nepcrent-neuart nmencx. H net Ofpepakfupoean u onynukoean ua cafe : PRESSI ( HERSON ) nopasnrentno: napcrnonanne +roro monapxa npomno na ynnnenne cnoxono. A net ero armmxy, Anexcanpa II, ynnn reppopncrt-nepnomapronnt. Ho npn Anexcanpe III nnyrpennxx n nnemnxx nonnrnxa oxasanact raxo cnntnoecrnymme, uro nmneparop nnonne mor cxasart: Hoxa pyccxn napt nonnr pty, Enpona nooxer! Onaxo nocne cmeprn Anexcanpa III nnxaxoro nsympynoro nepcrnx-neuarn ne onapyxnnoct. Ha npecron ncrynnn ero ctn Hnxona II. uem saxonunnoct ero npannenne nsnecrno. He nsnecrno rontxo, xya xe onxrt ncues nerenapnt cmaparont ananrmpncr. A moxer, eme ctmercx? Kro snaer Henacm1nan Baepyuuucuu nepeyuou, 10 ne snam. ne snam. Ho menx romnr meura: Moxer trt, or nac coxptra Ecrt Hnax Kpacora, Btme ncex xpacor orxptrtx. ee nmnm, omct Moxer trt, n ne cmeprt, yncrno, Ho x x He ny, necyct! B. Xooaceeu:. Hua Kpacoma
Crapte xonnexnnonept uecrno npeynpexann naunnammero: He ynnexacx, Hannyma! Conpanne xaprnn eno cymepeunoe. Pasnte xyoxnnxn pasnoe nsopaxamr: nmont, crpax, nenanncrt. A rt nce +ro n cno om nonecemt cranemt uyxne uyncrna nepexnnart, uyxnmn crpaxamn maxrtcx. A eme nonaamrcx raxne xaprnnt mncrnuecxne. Oconnno noprpert nounnmnx xpacannn. 3arnxnmtcx na raxym, a ona ns rex xnsnt-ro n ntcocer Taxne pasronopt Hanen Mnxanonnu Tpertxxon cntman ne pas, a rontxo nneuamn noxnman: nsnecrnoe eno, xonnexnnonnponanne narynax crpacrt. H xonapna, n asaprna, n pacrounrentna. Bor n ceronx Tpertxxon ns mxera ntmen. Hoexan cnosapanxy no xyoxnnxam. K onomy na uepax ene sapancx. Tam ncx recnexontxax macrepcxax xoncramn sacrannena. Kaprnn mnoro, a na crone xopxa xnea. Bnart, ne epyr xaprnnt-ro. Cam xosxnn yx noxenren c ronoyxn, a sa sananecxo ero xena xamnxer. Hocmorpen Tpertxxon xoncrt ne or necrt uro, no onn +cxns croxmn. Btnyn xarentxy, a conecrno crano. A ryr ns-sa sananecxn eme n nncx nocntmancx nnart, erentm ronont B omem, ocrannn Hanen Mnxanonnu n ro yoro macrepcxo 300 pynnxon. Bosnpamancx n cnom xonropy na Hntnnxe, pyran cex: pasne moxno sa +cxns crontxo ener nnarnrt?! a rontxo xax ncnomnnrcx ronont nncx, cepne memnr nce t oran Hpana, oconnno n oranart noxa neuero ne mnnnnonmnx! Txrentxa noxont, Mnxann 3axaponnu, ocrannn ctnontxm n 1851 roy xannrany no 100 rtcxu. Hanny Mnxanonnuy tno rora nourn 19, a Ceprem Mnxanonnuy 17 ner. Cecrpam cocroxnne tno ornncano ocoo. C rex nop sa 20 ner n rexcrnntno ropronne Hanen naxnn eme 200 rtcxu: no mocxoncxnm mepxam entrn ne ocoo ontmne. Ho xax ne nomout npocrtm pyccxnm xyoxnnxam?.. Cnom nepnym xaprnny Crtuxa c ]nnnxncxnmn xonrpaanncramn Bacnnnx Xyxxona Tpertxxon xynnn n 1856 roy, xora emy tno 24 roa. Hpana, paccmorpen, nonxn: ecrnnx na xoncre xort n mnoro, no ono ne saxnartnaer no-nacroxmemy. 3aro pyroe xynnennoe nonorno Hcxymenne nnxomy ne nsnecrnoro xyoxnnxa Hnxonax Bnntepa nopasnno naunnammero xonnexnnonepa. Inxx na nero, Tpertxxon cnonno nnen nponcxoxmee nor nam mncrnuecxax cnna xaprnn, npo xoropym ronopnnn crapte conparenn. Ha xoncre crapax cnonx npenarana pacner monoo enymxe. Ta orxastnanact, no onro nn ona npoepxnrcx n nnmere n ctpom nonynonane? A y crapyxn n orart xnnenr narorone. Bennxo ncxymenne-ro 3ra npannnax cnenxa rax norpxcna monooro Tpertxxona, uro on ne rontxo ntnoxnn sa xaprnny npnnnunym cymmy, no n ncrannn crpannt nynxr n cnoe sanemanne: 8 rtcxu pyne cepepom npocnn ynorpenrt na ntauy n samyxecrno entx nenecr sa oponopxountx nme. Bor xax crpanno naunnanact xonnexnnx Vcrano onycrnnmnct n nmnmoe xpecno cnoero xannera, Hanen Mnxanonnu eme pas npocmorpen sanncn n xonropcxo xnnre: ecrnnrentno, neocraua ntxonr. A xax ne nonpemx! Ha nxx nonyunn nnctmo or ueopa Bacnntena. Tananrnnnemn nesaxncr, monoo eme, n nao xe uaxorxa! Hpnmnoct art ener na noesxy n nry moxer, ntneunrcx. H nor cnona nnmer: Honoxenne moe camoe rxxenoe, esntxonoe: x onn n uyxom ropoe, es ener n ontno! Hpnercx pynnxon nxrtcor orocnart. Onxrt pacxot ena ceuennme Veou 1-eo u 3-eo Iouymeuucuoeo nepeyuua, 8/10; Baepyuuucuu nepeyuou, 10 Hanen Mnxanonnu nonxncx ns-sa crona n pacrxnyncx na uepnom xoxanom nnane. Cymaromnax xnsnt! Ho uro nn ronopnre, ner nyumero mecra na cnere, uem ero om n rnxom Hanpymnncxom nepeynxe 3amocxnopeutx. om +ror nnnsn Hnxono-Tonmauencxoro xpama ntnpana cemtx Tpertxxontx. Kora eme tn xnn oren Hanna Mnxann 3axaponnu. Ho nor nexart n nont om Tpertxxon-crapmn ne ycnen. Tnxo-rnxo cxonuancx. enxrnanarnnernn Hanen ocrancx n cemte sa crapmero. Hponcxonnn Tpertxxont ns manoxpocnannen. Tam, n Manoxpocnanne, nx xyneuecxn po ne orart, no crapnnnt tn nsnecren eme c 1646 roa. B Mocxny xe Tpertxxont nepepannct n 1774 roy. Tora rnane oma Enncem Maprtnonnuy tno yxe 70 ner. Ho +ror xpenxn n xnarxn crapnx ne nooxncx nepemen. Cnauana cemtx nocennnact na Fponno ynnne. Ho nenrp ropoa tn opor. a n cemtx tcrpo paspacranact. Pemeno tno noymart o xnnte n 3amocxnopeute. H or nenrpa nnsxo, n omecrno xyneuecxoe, n oma ne cront oporn. Topronana cemtx nonornxntm nannntm ronapom, ro ecrt rxanxmn. H n nepno uerneprn XIX nexa nmena nxrt nanox na ynnne Hntnnxe, re pacnonarannct rora xonmonte n snaroxpyxennte ropronte pxt. Ofpepakfupoean u onynukoean ua cafe : PRESSI ( HERSON ) Oren Hanna, Mnxann 3axaponnu, xnn co cnoe mnorouncnenno cemte n eymxnnom ome n Ionyrnnne, rora eme ne pacnanmemcx na necxontxo Ionyrnnncxnx nepeynxon. omnx ror tn neontmnm, no c npocropntm mesonnnom n naxonncx pxom c xonoxontne nepxnn Hnxonax uyornopna. Tam n ponnnct n Hanen Mnxanonnu, n ero mnamn par Cepre. Ho norom oren, Mnxann 3axaponnu, nepepancx n ontmym naemnym xnaprnpy n ome N 8/10 na yrny 1-ro n 3-ro Ionyrnnncxoro nepeynxa. Bect +ror ontmo om npnnanexan xynnam Pxymnncxnm, n onn axe cunrann ero poontm omom. Ho nor net nepexpecrte cye n 40-x roax XIX nexa sect nocennnnct Tpertxxont n npoxnnn o cmeprn orna Mnxanna 3axaponnua. H nor n 1851 roy cranmn crapmnm n poy Hanen Mnxanonnu oocnonancx c omamnnmn nenoanexy n Hanpymnncxom nepeynxe n ome, rontxo uro xynnennom n ocrannennom. Ha nepnom +raxe xnn cam Hanen, ero par Cepre n crapmax cecrpa c myxem. Bropo +rax tn oran mamentxe Anexcanpe annnonne n enouxam mnamnm cecrpam. Onaxo npemx mno. Bce cecrpt oxasannct samyxem, n nce pasexannct no 3amocxnopeutm. Fpar Cepre, ncera rxroremmn x enponecxo xnsnn, cuen 3amocxnopeute cnnonantm mecreuxom n nepepancx na pyrym cropony Mocxnt-pexn n oporymee n nonomonoe nrantxncxoe nananno na Hpeuncrencxom yntnape, 6/7 (ntne +ro Ioronencxn yntnap. E. K.). H nor renept n ome n Hanpymnncxom nepeynxe ocrancx rontxo Hanen. Ho cnana ory, xoneuno, ne onn c ooxaemo xeno n ertmn. Tenept sect nce rontxo no ero nxycam. Ha ncex crenax xaprnnt. B xannere camax nmnmax Ipaun npnnerenn Canpacona. Cmorpnmt: npocrax pyccxax necna, a yma orrannaer, oxnnaer H npyr Kro-ro ncxpnxnyn n ome. Eme n eme, cnonno saxnetnaxct. Hanen Mnxanonnu ncxounn c nnana. Houemy-ro ncnomnnncx nncx rononoro peenxa n macrepcxo, xya xonn yrpom. Tpertxxon xnnyncx nanepx n ercxne xomnart. B nexcnom cnere nouno namnt ns xopnopa ntnerena 6-nernxx Bepouxa, crapmax ouxa, n pocnnact x orny: Hana! He orana menx! Cexannct cnyrn. Xena, Bepa Hnxonaenna, nponnact cxnost nx ronny n cxnarnna Bepouxy na pyxn. ouxa saptana eme cnntnee: Onn snann menx, mama! A x ne xouy x nnm! V nnx crpamno! Tpertxxon nsrnxnyn rya, xya noxastnana enouxa. Hanpornn nepn n ee xomnarxy rpenemymn cner namnt ntxnartnan ns remnort orpomnym Macxym nout xncrn Kpamcxoro. Txxent nynnt cner. Kononcxoe sarxrnnammee osepo. Hpnspaunte pycanxn, ntmemne na nouno eper 3auem rt nonecnn +ry xyrxym Hout n ercxn xopnop, Hama? Bepa Hnxonaenna, ynoxnn Bepouxy, nomna n xanner myxa. A xya mne ee enart? Hpncnyra orxastnaercx ynpartcx n sane, re nncxr +rn yronnennnnt! Bor x n nsrpomosnn xaprnny na xomo n nepxnem xopnope, yman: ram remnonaro, ee ne nnno, a norom x mecro nay. a ryr, xax na rpex, nxntxa na xomo namny nocrannna. Bepouxa nept orxptna, a ram pycanxn Hamtxaemcx mt, Hama, c rnonmn xaprnnamn! Bepa Hnxonaenna nepnno saxonna no xannery. neanno mnmo uaennrnx n Mtrnmax Hepona npomna, rax roncrt non c xaprnnt na menx cront npespnrentno rnxnyn, yro x emy ecrnnrentno ua nnrt memam! n cam, Bepyma, uyncrnym, rnxo cxasan Tpertxxon, xaprnnt cnoe xnsntm xnnyr. Heanno nepenec na noprpera na ony creny n cpasy nonxn: ne xorxr onn pxom nncert. pyr pyry sannymr ny uncrte ananrmpncrt! H rouno yrpom onn noprper ynan nnart, ntxnn ero conepnnx! 3ro onn nac cxopo ntxnnyr! Bepa Hnxonaenna ocranonnnact n c ntstnom nsrnxnyna na myxa. Ha ynnne xnrt cranem nor ree n nce ananrmpt c npnxnmuennxmn! A pasne nnoxo na cnexem-ro nosyxe? sayntancx Tpertxxon. Bexn y nac yyr xpont c monoxom. Hpxmo na ynnne uan pacnnnart cranem. Hy xax c raxnm nacmemnnxom cnopnrt?.. A net ronopxr, n ercrne Hama tn rnxnm n axe nenmnmtm. Kora cemtx n Coxontnnxn rynxrt esnna, npxrancx y cex n xomnarenxe, ns oma ntxonrt ne xoren. A n mnocrn pystx nposnann Hanna apxnmanpnrom ontno poox on tn c xenmnnamn. a on na roa oxncx x Bepe Hnxonaenne noorn, nsann nmonancx. Onaxt rax sanopoxenno sacmorpencx, uro c nepnoro xpyca n rearpe uyrt ne rpoxnyncx. Kro +ro? nonnrepeconanact rora mnax xpacannna Bepouxa Mamonrona. Monoo Tpertxxon, ornernna ee cecrpa 3nnana. Kynen nepno rnntnn ns 3amocxnopeutx. Topryer ntnxntm nonornom. Ionopxr, rexcrnntnym ]apnxy crponr, napoxot noxynaer. a eme n entrn rparnr na conpanne xaprnn. Cecrpt ntmnn n ]oe n nanpannnnct x cnycxanmemycx no necrnnne noxnonnnxy. Tax ror noome pernponancx ns rearpa. Fnnsopyxo Bepe n paccmorpert ero ne yanoct. Hy uro npnxaxere enart c raxnm poxnm ooxarenem? Hpnmnoct noxnmunrt ro camoe ncxyccrno, nepe xonm cront naroronen Hanen Tpertxxon. B xonne xonnon, cemecrno xynnon Mamonrontx roxe ne uyxo nayxam xpacort. Mart Bept ncxycno nrpana, oren, Hnxona Mamonron, npexpacno nen y+rom co cnonm mnamnm parom Hnanom. Ctn Hnana, nompont par Bept Canna Hnanonnu, penn rearpom. Cama Bepa n cecrpa 3nnana cnannnnct no Mocxne xax npexpacnte nnanncrxn n uacro nrpann na nynnxe n uertpe pyxn. Bor n pemeno tno npnrnacnrt Hanna Tpertxxona na mystxantnt neuep. Hanen npnmen x Mamonrontm, no sanncx n yron sa mropy. Onaxo nocne nepnoro xe ntcrynnennx Bept ntpancx na cner n pocnncx x npnxrenm: Kaxax uyecnax nnanncrxa! Hpnxrent ne pacrepxncx n noramnn Hanna npxmo x nncrpymenry. Bepouxa nonxna rnasa n naxonen ynnena nnnsn cnoero nocropxennoro ooxarenx. On nnuyrt ne noxonn na samocxnopenxnx xynnon ronxoe nepnnoe nnno, ntcoxn no, xcnax yntxa. a on oxasancx xpacnn, +ror neorena! Vxe na pyro ent Tpertxxon npnmuancx x Mamonrontm c nnsnrom. C rex nop n ome uacro cntmannct nacrannennx npncnyre: He crantre uamxn na xpa! Vepnre c oporn manentxn cronnx! Bnmnennt neorena yxnrpxncx cmaxnnart na non uamxn, cnopaunnart cront n cryntx. Ho npenoxenne ocmennncx cenart Bepouxe rontxo uepes Ofpepakfupoean u onynukoean ua cafe : PRESSI ( HERSON ) necxontxo mecxnen. Cnaty ctrpann 22 anrycra 1865 roa, a n oxrxpe 1866 roa ponnact crapmax ouxa Bepouxa (nn o xaxom pyrom nmenn Hanen n cnymart ne saxoren!), uepes ro Camentxa, n 1870-m Hmymxa, n nor n 1871-m naxonen-ro ctn Mnma. Ho uro enart ontno. Kaxnx rontxo npaue Bepa ne snana! Bce rontxo rononamn xauann: Txxente pot, ronyymxa! Haeemcx, peenouex ntnpannrcx Ho narnosa nnxro ne crannn. B xonne xonnon Hanen npnnes nyx nemenxnx cnernn. Ipysnte, xonente, onn onro ocmarpnnann Mnmy, omyntnann roncrtmn nantnamn, norom nomnn nnrt ua. Ionopnnn no- nemenxn. Bepa xort n snana xstx, no or nonnennx nnuero ne nonnmana. Honnn uam, oxropa nonpocnnn npnnecrn crapmnx ere. B conponoxennn onnt rpn enouxn poxo nomnn n rocrnnym. Hemnt cnpamnnann nx o pasntx nemax na nomanom pyccxom. enouxn nyrannct n nyrannct. Haxonen nx orocnann, n npaun no-pyccxn ntnecnn nepnxr: enomx ecrt nopma, manmnx nan. Horom onn npau pesrnnno saronopnn c pyrnm no-nemenxn. Bepa pasopana rontxo: Idiotismus. Bcm nout ona ptana. Hanen repnennno yreman: He nepm x nemenxnm narnosam! Btnpannrcx nam mantunx! Cnycrx napy neent on npncrannn x Mnmentxe crapymxy Ontry Hnxonaenny n nosnoxnn nce naext na nmont n saory. Ho npemx mno Mnma nauan npnannxrt n nece, no ne n yme. .Tonxne nantnt Bept Hnxonaennt rpenoxno erann no xnannmam. Tenept om npoctnancx no snyxn ee poxnx n sactnan no nnx. Ho yrpam snyuann ypnte naccaxn, yro ona nanpanact or nnx myxecrna na nent ent. Ho neuepam snyxn cranonnnnct neuantntmn n onesnenntmn, cnonno ona oranana nm cnom rpenory. Onaxt, xora Bepa Hnxonaenna nauana nrpart, om ornacnncx nxnm penom. Oxasanoct, enouxn sanesnn no poxnt n, ycntman neuantnym nrpy marepn, saptann n ronoc. Hpnmnoct ntynrt nx ns-no nncrpymenra. 3auem nt sanesnn no poxnt? paccepnnact mart. Hma natunnact n saxpnuana, ntrnpax cnest: Hao xe nam re-ro nrpart! A paccynrentnax Bepouxa oxcnnna: Hana ronopnr, no omy nrpart n erart nentsx. Ionopnr, or namero ronora xaprnnt moryr co cren ynacrt. A mope Anasoncxoro noome ns pamt ntnnecnercx! Beuepom Bepa Hnxonaenna sanena c myxem cno annn pasronop: Heyxenn ne nnnmt, Hannyma, n ome xnrtx ne crano! erxm nrpart nere. B xomnarax nosyxa ner nce crent sanemant. Kpacxa, nax, cxnnnap pasne +ro sanaxn nx ere? Ono ns nyx: nno x c ertmn, nno rnon xaprnnt! Tpertxxon osaouenno norep cno noc (ny uro sa crpannax npnntuxa!): Tt xe snaemt, Bepyma, nt nce mne oporn. He mory x ntnpart! a, conparentcrno crpacrt. H xax ronapnnann pennne, nmra +ra crpacrt n rxrocrna Bepa ormaxnynact: Tax npo yntnne ronopxr! Hanen nsoxnyn: Bor x es xaprnn n npny n yntnne-ro! He mory x es ono crpacrn Ho x nor uro nayman npncrpom-xa x omy xptno. Hepenecy rya xaprnnt. Fyer xyoxecrnennax ranepex! ena ranepennme Baepyuuucuu nepeyuou, 10, quueeuo H nauannct rananrepente xnonort nmenno rax, nepenyran ranepem c rananrepee, ronopnnn ern. na roa nosnonnact npncrpoxa, a n nauane 1874 roa nauanact pasnecxa xaprnn. Tpertxxon camonnuno racxan nce, uro mor nonxrt. K neuepy, ntmorannt, sactnan npxmo n xannere. Ho nocpen noun ncxaxnnan, ynn xeny: Bepyma, mne xaxercx, Apecranrt na npnnane xon samepsamr. Fepn oexna, yxpoem nx! Bepa conpornnnxnact: Onn ne nenacroxmne, a napnconannte! Ho Hanen yxe exan n ranepem co cneuo n pyxe, rpenoxno cmorpen na repmomerpt n sane: nenanart rpaycon! A onxno trt ne mentme mecrnanarn! Haxonen na ncxoe necnt 1874 roa na caono xannrxe oma n Hanpymnncxom noxnnnact cxpomnax ntnecxa: Kaprnnnax ranepex. H norxnynnct nocernrenn. Hpoart cno xoncr n Tpertxxoncxym ranepem crpemnncx ncxxn xyoxnnx. Ho ne ncxxym xaprnny Hanen Mnxanonnu noxynan. Xyoxecrnennt nxyc y nero tn ormennt nn cyxnx axaemnuecxnx, nn nperennnosntx xaprnn on ne pan. Tontxo npana xnsnn nnrepeconana Tpertxxona, n or xyoxnnxon on rpeonan: He nao mne nn oraro npnpot, nn nennxonenno xomnosnnnn, nn +]]exrnoro ocnemennx! are mne xorx t nyxy rpxsnym, a urot n ne npana tna! Ofpepakfupoean u onynukoean ua cafe : PRESSI ( HERSON )
Hanpymnncxn nepeynox, om 10
On n cam tn raxnm cxpomntm, nenpnrxsarentntm, sacrenunntm. He nmnn nn anon, nn copann, nn ropxecrnenntx npnnercrnn ny ne cnercxn tn uenonex! He ro uro ero mnamn par Cepre Mnxanonnu. Tor cntn monnxom, ocrpocnonom, ymo omecrna. axe npoxnnan ne n xyneuecxom 3amocxnopeute, a na apncroxparnuecxom Hpeuncrencxom yntnape. pyxy nonn c cenaropamn n c ntcmnm cnerom. B 1877 roy ornt ropoa ntpann ero mocxoncxnm ropocxnm ronono. Ho n on ropen ro xe crpacrtm, uro n par conpan xonnexnnm xaprnn, npana npenmymecrnenno ]pannyscxnx. Hs Hapnxa npnctnan pary noponemne nnctma. Kax-ro nanncan: Kynnn 3 nennxonennte nesaxa onntn. Cuacrnnn! A uepes neenm: Ha mecro monx rpex onntn npnopen onoro ouent xopomero. Horom: Homenxn 5 cnonx xaprnn onntn, Kopo, Pycco, Mnnne, Tpyae na 3 pyrnx, cpen nnx Kype. Cuacrnnn! A norom n nonce cmex: Cnoero Kype ctn, Pycco npnopen onxrt. H cnona cuacrnnn! 3aro ero copanne yocrannanoct pasntx Houerntx nncron co nce Enpont, n Cepre ropennno noxastnan nx n Poccnn. A Hanen Mnxanonnu, xora nonyunn nouernoe snanne xommepnnn conernnxa, concem cxon]ysnncx. Bepe rax oxcnnn: ceronx n camom xopomem nacrpoennn tn, a orxptn rasery ram o npncnoennn +roro snannx nnmyr! Pasymeercx, x ero ynorpenxrt nnxora ne crany. Ho net nnxro ne nonepnr, uro ncxpenne! Vxe npnxnearenn c nospannennxmn xnnxnnct. Xopomo, ycnen cxasart mnenapy, uro menx ner! Tax, oxon]ysxct, Hanen neenm oma n npocnen!.. B om Tpertxxontx sauacrnn Bacnnn Cypnxon n ouent ncem nonpannncx. Heontmo, nnornt, noxoxn na neyxnmxero monooro menex, on mor trt n crpamntm, n nenepoxrno nexntm. A yx no xapaxrepy +ror ntxoen ns Cnnpn oxasancx noome nenpecxasyem. Mocxnnun paccxastnann o nem pasnte netnnnt. Ionopnnn, uro onaxt on npoan xynnam ne paort sa orpomnym neny, a na pyro ent pnanyncx noronxy sa noxynarenxmn. Fpocnn nm entrn, ntxnarnn xaprnnt a n ynnuroxnn. Kynnt eme axann: xopomo xaprnnt, a ne nac camnx! A cam Cypnxon xanonancx na Mocxny: Co mno sect, n pennem ropoe, nauano rnopnrtcx uro-ro crpamnoe. Bty na Kpacnym nnomat, npyr xaxercx: y crent Kpemnencxo nmn croxr. H nce n crapnnntx pyccxnx oexnnxx. Cnonno nept n pyrym +noxy nepeo mno orxptnaercx n xyrxo, n nmontrno! A xax-ro noneuepy ocranonnncx x y Honoro mecra, n npyr nepeo mno cnonno ncntxnyna cnena crpenenxo xasnn. a rax xcno, ax cepne sannoct! 3ro rparnuecxoe nonorno Tpertxxon ycmorpen eme n macrepcxo Cypnxona. Pemnn ntxynnrt nx ranepen, 8 rtcxu cepepom ne noxanen. Ho ryr x Cypnxony saexan Pennn. Hocmorpen na xaprnny n ronopnr: uro x y nac nn onoro xasnennoro ner? Bt t xort onoro na nncennne nonecnnn! Cypnxon npnsaymancx. H nnpxmt, xaxax xasnt, exenn ner xasnenntx? Bsxn a n npnpnconan nonemennoro. Ho ryr xax pas ero crapax nxntxa n macrepcxym nomna. Vnnena a n omopox n rpoxnynact. A n ror xe ent eme n Tpertxxon saexan. 3a ronony cxnarnncx n saopan narnm marom: uro nt xaprnny-ro noprnre?! Bet oxnanne xasnn crpamne, uem ona cama! Hpnmnoct crepert nonemennoro. Tax n ornpannnn crpentnon na nepennxnym ntcranxy n onom xyrxom oxnannn. H xro-ro ns nocernrene oxpecrnn xaprnny Vrpo crpenenxo xasnn Hocne ntcranxn orpomnoe nonorno c rpyom npncrponnn n ranepee. Cypnxon ponn no sanam, oxcnxx Bepe n enouxam: Bt +roro nonorna ne orect! yx oroxncx, noxa nncan. Vxacnemne cnt nnen: xasnn xaxym nout, xpontm xpyrom naxner. Honepnre nn, sactnart oxncx! Ho For yeper: nce n cnax ocranoct n yxac, n xpont. Her nnuero +roro na xaprnne! Bepa Hnxonaenna nocxnmanact: 3aro nam yanoct nepeart namy nxym n snepcxym ncropnm! To ocentm 17-nernxx Bepouxa pemnna yrnynenno nsyunrt Herponcxym +noxy. Hapana xnnr, onro unrana, n xonne xonnon, nomna nsrnxnyrt na nonorno Cypnxona nx narnxnocrn. Fontme ncero nopasnnact ne crpentnam, a monoomy napm Herpy crontxo rnena n nccrynnennocrn tno n ero nnne! Beuepom npnnerna na xponart, a ncrart ne cmorna. Bpaun xoncrarnponann ropxuxy. Bepa Hnxonaenna noun cnena c ontno, onnmana, ntraxct npornart pe. Ho pe oxasancx xpenxnm, xax napcxax noxa, Bepouxa penna crpamntm napem Herpom B xonne 1880-x n Hanpymnncxn nepeynox rano npnnesnn saneuarannym xaprnny. Hanen Mnxanonnu cam nponec ee n om, nonecnn ne n ranepee, a n sane n naxnnyn npocrtnm. Xene oxnnn xoporxo: Kaprnna Pennna Hntn E]nmonnua Hnan Iposnt n ero ctn Hnan. Ofpepakfupoean u onynukoean ua cafe : PRESSI ( HERSON ) Bepa axnyna: Ta camax, sanpemennax Cnxremnm Cnnoom?! Ona camax! H Tpertxxon cepnyn npocrtnm. Bepa onemena or yxaca: esymnt napt rontxo uro ynn ctna. Tor nexan na nony. H xpont, noncmy xpont 3auem rt ee xynnn? rnxo cnpocnna Bepa. Bet no ntcouamemy yxasy ee xorenn ynnuroxnrt! H ryr Tpertxxon nsopnancx: A renept ne nocmemr +ro mox uacrnax cocrnennocrt! Ho xaprnny sanpemeno ntcrannxrt! nontranact opasymnrt myxa Bepa. H rora Tpertxxon nourn cnoxono cxasan: A mt n ne yem! B nauane 1889 roa on nonecnn Iposnoro ne n sane, a n manentxo xomnarxe, saxptro nx nanntna nynnxn. Ho nspanntm noxastnan xaprnny cam. Orxptnan nept, cxntnan enoe noxptnano, n. Kpacnt nepcncxn xonep, nexanmn na nony xomnarxn, oxastnancx xax t npoonxennem xonpa na nonorne. Bxonnmnm nocernrenxm xasanoct, uro ynrt ctn Iposnoro nexnr npxmo na nony +ro peantno xomnart. Hmn ncntrtnann mox. omamnne xe, snax o crpamno xaprnne, crapannct n +ry xomnary noome ne saxonrt. A yx ecnn nentsx tno mnnonart xpecrxct, npoerann mnmo. a, ne nce rnaxo. Konnexnnonnponanne nmrax crpacrt n rxrocrnax. Heanno Tpertxxon ysnan nemtcnnmoe. Hpxmo ns sanon ero ranepen crann nponaart pncynxn! K romy xe ntxcnnnoct, uro camn xyoxnnxn raxom samennnn necxontxo cnonx paor na xonnn. Koneuno, xonnn anropcxne, no ne opnrnnant! A onaxt Tpertxxon onapyxnn na xaprnnax cnet cnexnx xpacox. Oxasanoct, naunnammne xyoxnnxn, xonnpymmne paort crapmnx, cnepxmr cno nner npxmo na xoncrax. Cnonom, nopt, noentnarenn n napnapt! Pasne ycnenmt sa nnmn ncero-ro c nymx nomomnnxamn?! pemnn saxptrt ranepem nx nocemenn! oxnnn Tpertxxon xene. Xouy npocnrt mocxoncxne nnacrn nsxrt ee no cnoe xptno. Hycrt yer ropocxax ranepex, re n xaxom sane cmorpnrent. Hnaue nce pasnopymr n ncnaxocrxr! na roa mnn neperonopt. Haxonen pemnnn: mocxoncxne nnacrn cranyr coepxart ranepem na cnon cpecrna, a Tpertxxon noxynart xaprnnt nx nononnennx. Ha 15 anrycra 1893 roa namernnn o]nnnantnoe orxptrne Ianepen parten Tpertxxontx, xoropym onn nepeamr ropoy Mocxne uertpe rpomante npncrpoxn noxpyr cranmero npyr xpomeuntm oma n Hanpymnncxom nepeynxe. 1276 xaprnn n oxono 500 pncynxon. Hanen Mnxanonnu ne xoren ntmntx ropxecrn. C yrpa on menenno ponn no cnonm sanam, n onom ocranonnncx n sanstxan: par Cepre ne oxnn o +roro nx. Io nasa, 26 nmnx 1892 roa, on nnesanno cxonuancx n Herepypre. Cnom xonnexnnm ]pannyscxo xnnonncn XIX nexa saneman nx yyme Tpertxxoncxo ranepen. Bor t paonancx orxptrnm, ne ro uro Hanen, xoropt rax ne nmnr ropxecrnenntx meponpnxrn!.. Tpertxxon namynan nepnym crynentxy nonentxo necrnnnt n marnyn nnns. Ionopxr, na orxptrne n ranepem npneer cam Anexcanp III c cemte. H nor nao ntxonrt ncrpeuart, xnanxrtcx. Hanen Mnxanonnu cnycrnncx na napy crynenex, n ryr npyr rpomxo cryxnyna nxonax nept. K yxacy cnoemy, Tpertxxon ynnen, uro y nonoxnx necrnnnt noxnnncx nmneparop. Konnexnnonep xoren pnnyrtcx nancrpeuy, a nooxncx cxarnrtcx no nanomenntm crynentxam. Tax uro nmneparop tn ntnyxen nonnmartcx emy nancrpeuy. Bepa Hnxonaenna, ntexanmax ncne sa myxem, pacrepxnact. Honyuanoct, ne nmneparop oxastnan uecrt conparenm, a ror, cnycxaxct, nmneparopy. Kax t xon]ysa ne ntmno! Ho na cepenne necrnnnt Tpertxxon n Anexcanp ncrpernnnct, n nmneparop nepntm noxan xonnexnnonepy pyxy. Horom nce nnnn xo]e n Bacnenoncxom sane, pxom c Forartpxmn n Anenymxo. Hpnuem cnauana xo]e pasnnnana xosxxa, sarem cama nmneparpnna. Horom nomnn no ranepee. B Cypnxoncxom sane rocyapt saronopnn o npnoperennn Foxptnn Moposono, no Tpertxxon ornernn: Ona yxe ne mox. Hpnnanexnr ropoy, a nmecre c nnm Poccnn! H rora Anexcanp III nnsxo noxnonnncx Hanny Mnxanonnuy. Hocne nocemennx nmneparopa nauantcrno paccrapanoct noxanonart rocnonny Tpertxxony noromcrnennoe nopxncrno. Ho ror pemnrentno orxasancx: xynnom ponncx, xynnom n nompy! H net xax n noy rnxen! B 1895 roy no Mocxne nonons cnyx o onesnn Tpertxxona. Ionopnnn, uro y nero pacmnpenne xenyxa n, nanepnoe, xsna. Benrannct, uro on npnnonr n nopxox cnon ena n cran neotuano npnxnmncr sa xaxt pynt ropryercx. Bnepnte orxastnaer xyoxnnxam no ncnomomecrnonannn. Bepemarnn, mon, npocnn nsamt xpynnym cymmy, a Tpertxxon ne an. Xort n mor t xannran yxe na mnnnnon rxner B xonne 1897 roa n om n Hanpymnncxom ocrannnn nonoe nonorno. Hecmorpx na nce necuacrtx, ranepex rpeonana nononnennx. Bepa Hnxonaenna nsrnxnyna na npxy: Bacnenon B.M. Hapt Hnan Bacnntennu Iposnt. Onxrt +ror yxacnt Iposnt! K uemy t? Hpana, Bacnenon sameuarentnt, cnernt xyoxnnx. Bpx nn +ro neopoe snamenne Vnt! uepes necxontxo mecxnen, n mapre 1898-ro, Bepy Hnxonaenny pasnn napannu. V nee napymnnact peut. Hanen Mnxanonnu ne nonnman ee, n ona essnyuno nnaxana. Tpertxxon yxonn n xanner n ram oruaxnno ptan. Bcm xnsnt na npoxnxrte xaprnnt rpoxnyn, axe ne mor pemnrt, uro mne opoxe: ranepex nnn Bepouxa? yman on. Tenept nnxy: Bepouxa! urot nonpannnact, nce t xaprnnt oran! a oranart-ro yxe neuero. Bce npnnanexnr ropoy Fnent, xyo n xenrt, Tpertxxon ponn no ranepee. Houe ne cnan, cnona n cnona nepenemnnax xaprnnt. Taxom, urot nnxro ne ycntman (nonnmyr net na cmex!), pasronapnnan c xoncramn. Bce uame ncnomnnan npeocrepexennx, ycntmannte n monoocrn: Btcocyr onn ns rex xnsnt! Konnexnnonep ropecrno nstxan: ecnn rontxo ns nero! Ho uem nponnnnnact Bepyma?! a n cam Hanen Mnxanonnu ns-sa one n xenyxe nourn nnuero ne ecr. Hs-sa nepexnnann oeccnnen onentsx. Hmra +ra crpacrt n Ofpepakfupoean u onynukoean ua cafe : PRESSI ( HERSON ) rxrocrna a n nenactrna nce ranepex sapana cee, nnuero yxe cosarenm cnoemy ne ocrannna B xonne xonnon Tpertxxon cnannncx. 4 exapx 1898 roa ntsnan cnxmennnxa ncnoneonartcx n npnuacrnrtcx. Ho oxonuannn ncnonen cxasan: Fepernre ranepem! Horom, nsoxnyn, samenran: Bepym! To nn xeny snan, ro nn Fora Ha rpertem Bepym ero ne crano. Or Bept Hnxonaennt xorenn cxptrt cmeprt myxa. Ho ona nonxna n nanncana ena pasopunno: Tpeym trt ram. ouepn ornesnn ee n sany nx npomann. Ona cnena n nnnannnom xpecne, rnxena na Hamentxy, nexanmero n nnerax, n xnnana emy: cxopo! 7 exapx npn orpomnom creuennn napoa xyoxnnxn, nosrnannxemte Bacnenontm n Honenontm, ornecnn na pyxax rpo c renom Tpertxxona na annnoncxoe xnanme. Peue, xoroptx cront ne nmnn Hanen Mnxanonnu, ne nponsnocnnn. Hpocro onro croxnn y cnexe mornnt. Bepa Hnxonaenna na noxoponax ne npncyrcrnonana. uepes uertpe mecxna ona n rax ymna x myxy. Hocne cmeprn Tpertxxona no onnm ns xmnxon nnctmennoro crona namnn crpannoe sanemanne. Hanen Mnxanonnu pacnopxnncx, urot nocne ero xonunnt nnxro ne nmen npana nononnxrt ranepem nontmn paoramn, net copanne ouent nennxo, ono moxer cenartcx yromnrentntm, a n xapaxrep copannx moxer nsmennrtcx. Cnycrx 15 ner Bacnenon, nocernnmn Tpertxxoncxym ranepem, nncan Ipaapm: He conepmnnn nn mt npecrynnennx ornocnrentno namxrn H.M., nnonsmenxx ero paronennt ap Mocxne n pyccxomy napoy? axe cxpomnt ]aca ero oma na napant nepeenann n ncenopyccxom crnne. yx n xanem, uro no moemy npoexry. Henontno xnaercx n rnasa, uro cocrnenno Tpertxxoncxo ranepen, trt moxer, yxe ner, a ecrt ropocxax ranepex rontxo nmenn Tpertxxontx, cocrannennax ns xaprnn, noxeprnonanntx Tpertxxontm, n ns xaprnn, npnoperenntx nocne nero. H xpannrent Tpertxxonxn Ipaapt onro eme yman: npan nn tn Tpertxxon, sanpemax nononnxrt ranepem? Hnn nce-raxn npana ranepex, neuno n nenactrno rpeymmax nononnennx?.. Conparenn npemen Hannmn une nnctuo Kponomuuucuu nepeyuou, 5 nyxan n nrpymeuno uame H orxptn nasopent rpor Heyxenn x nacroxmn H ecrnnrentno cmeprt npner? O. Mauoe.iuma+
Oa cosarenx opasa nesanennoro Ocrana Fenepa Hntx Hnt] n Enrenn Herpon tnn n camn ontmne myrnnxn, ooxanmne postrptmn. K romy xe oa onn, xax n nonaraercx ncrnnntm raserntm xoppecnonenram, xoropte moryr nonarartcx rontxo na cex, tnn nmtmn nectma npenpnnmunntmn. Ha camom ene Herpon ncenonnm, nsxrt no nmenn orna. Tor tn yunrenem ncropnn n nnonne mor ropnrtcx npoxnro xnsntm, net oa ero ctna Banenrnn Karaen n Enrenn Herpon crann ynnxantntmn nncarenxmn. Cocrnenno, nmenno ns-sa roro, uro Banenrnn Karaen yxe npocnannncx cnonmn counnennxmn, Enrenn n nsxn cee ncenonnm, nocmennaxct: a cxontxo xe yer n nnreparype xarartcx Karaentx? B Mocxny Herpon npnexan ns Oecct n 1923 roy. Hocennncx on n Kponorxnncxom nepeynxe n neontmom omnxe N 5 (ceuac coxpannncx nnmt yuacrox, cam crapentxn om cnecen). 3ry orpomnym, ecronxonym, nepenonnennym xommynantnym xnaprnpy nosxe on nmecre n coanropom Hnte Hnt]om onncan n 3onorom renenxe, nasnan Boponte cnooxo. Ho na camom ene nasnanne nosnnxno saonro o noxnnennx xyntronoro pomana. Onn ns conpemennnxon nncarenx ncnomnnan: Taxoe nasnanne Enrenn Herponnu cnepna an cnoemy peantnomy xnnnmy, a norom yxe nepenec ero n poman nmecre c noxoxnm onncannem ocranonxn n onrarene +ro xnaprnpt. Ftnn n ecrnnrentno Boponte cnooxe n Kponorxnncxom n nnutx aymxa, n rpyxmncx Bocroxa tnmn rpysnncxn xnxst, n mnorne pyrne nepconaxn, onncannte n pomane. Onncanne oxasanoct nacrontxo xpxnm, uro mocxnnun c rex nop rax n snann cnon nerenapnte xommynanxn Bopontnmn cnooxamn. V Enrennx Herpona tna ocoax crpacrt: on ncm xnsnt xonnexnnonnponan xonneprt. Ha nourax on cxynan nx nauxamn. Ho xax ocrart xonneprt, noramennte nnocrpanntmn mremnenxmn, rem onee n 30-x roax XX nexa, xora Conercxax crpana xnna sa xenesntm sananecom? Iennantnt nana Ocrana nomen no cronam ctnouxa: npnyman ]enomenantnt xo. C paspemennx Comsa nncarene on nepennctnancx c xem-ro ns-sa rpannnt, a na camom ene orctnan nnctmo na. saneomo noxnt apec. Ecrecrnenno, uepes napy mecxnen xonnepr nosnpamancx x camomy Herpony c nomerxo: apec nenepen. 3aro na nem croxno mnoxecrno pasnnuntx mremnene nnocrpanntx nour. H nor onaxt n anpene 1939 roa Herpon nocnan nnctmo n Honym 3enannm, cront nmnmym nnreparopamn eme no xyntronomy pomany Xmnx Bepna ern xannrana Ipanra. Herpon npnyman ropo Xaepnnnn, ynepennt na cro nponenron, uro raxoro samtcnonaroro nasnannx npocro ne moxer trt. Hpnyman n ynnny Parnu, om N 7. 3arem cornopnn camoe rnannoe nmx apecara: M+pnnn Oxnn V+snn. Hemnoro snax anrnncxn xstx, cocrannn xoporentxoe nocnanne: oporo M+pnnn! Hpnmn ncxpennne coonesnonannx n cnxsn c xonunno xn Hnra. Hpocrn, uro onro ne nncan. Haemct, uro c Hnrpn nce n nopxxe. Honeny or menx ouxy. Ona, nanepno, yxe concem ontmax. Tno Eeeeuu. Hnctmo nepnynoct rontxo n anrycre. Ho +ro tno ne ero, Herpona, nnctmo! Bcxptn nensnecrnt xonnepr, nncarent npouen: oporo Enrenn! Cnacno sa coonesnonannx. Henenax cmeprt xn Hnra ntnna nac na nonroa ns xonen. Ho+romy, naemct, rt npocrnmt, uro mt ne cpasy ornernnn. Mt c Ofpepakfupoean u onynukoean ua cafe : PRESSI ( HERSON ) Hnrpn uacro ncnomnnaem re na nx, uro rt nponen c namn. Inopnx concem ontmax n ocentm noer no nropo xnacc. Ona o cnx nop xpannr mnmxy, xoroporo rt npnnes e ns Poccnn. Tno pyr Mopu... Hpourx raxo orner, Herpon cmyrnncx. He moxer xe trt noontx connaenn! On nnxora ne snan nnxaxoro cemecrna V+snn, ne tn n Hono 3enannn n yx xoneuno ne apnn nnxaxo enouxe Inopnn nnxaxnx mnmex! a on xe ncex nx npnyman n ropo, n cemecrno! Moxer, +ro utx-ro myrxa?! Herpon eme pas nnnmarentno ocmorpen xonnepr. On tn nacroxmn! Kax n mremnent Honax 3enannx, noura Xa-epnnnn. H apec ornpannrenx, n nmx, nonnocrtm ntymannte, oxasannct peantnt! Ho rnannoe, xax on mor trt c nnm snaxom?! Herpon nepenepnyn xonnepr n naxonen nonxn, uro ram eme uro-ro ecrt. Oxasanoct, ]ororpa]nx. Ha oopore nonnct: Btctnam ]oro, xoropoe x rora cenan, no rt, roponxct, ne cmor sapart. H ara: 9 oxrxpx 1938 roa. C ]ororpa]nn na nncarenx cmorpen on cam, onnmanmncx c xaxnm-ro myxunno xpenxoro renocnoxennx. V Herpona txanne nepexnarnno. a uro xe +ro raxoe?! On ne snaer +roro uenonexa, a 9 oxrxpx npomnoro roa on tn H ryr nncarenm noome uyrt ne crano nnoxo. On ncnomnnn, uro nmenno n +ror ent sarpemen n ontnnny n eccosnarentnom cocroxnnn. V nero orxasann nerxne, n npaun necxontxo ne oponnct sa ero xnsnt. Tax uro xe ntxonr, n +ro npemx ero yx (nnn ]anrom nastnare xax xornre) nonan n Honym 3enannm, omancx ram c +rnm camtm M+pnnnom?! He noromy nn n namxrn nncarenx ncnntnn ero xoopnnart, xora on yman, uro npocro npnymtnaer nx?! Bce +ro tno cnnmxom nenepoxrno, urot satrt o crpannom nnctme n ocrannrt nce xax ecrt. Herpon nanncan nropoe nocnanne M+pnnny. Ho 1 cenrxpx pasnepnynact Bropax mnponax nona, n ornera ne npnmno. Hy a norom nauanact Bennxax Oreuecrnennax nona. Enrenn Herpon, necmorpx na ent nner, onncx nasnauennx noenntm xoppecnonenrom. On uacro neran na ]ponr n nepeonym. 2 nmnx 1942 roa camoner, na xoropom on ntneren na nnnnm ]ponra, nponan. Bepoxrno, on tn cnr ]amncramn. Enrennm Herpony tno ncero-ro 39 ner. Hy a n Mocxne na xnaprnpy Herpontx npnnecnn nnctmo ns. Hono 3enannn. Bona nncarenx ne ronopnna no-anrnncxn, n e nepenenn rexcr. Cnauana mno nsnonnonannoe npnnercrnne M+pnnna, norom ero nocxnmenne myxecrnom conercxnx nme, cpaxammnxcx c ]amncrcxnmn sanoenarenxmn. A n xonne crapt pyr Herpona ncnomnnan, uro xora nncarent rocrnn y nnx, ro eccrpamno nnes n xononoe osepo. ncnyrancx, xora rt cran xynartcx, nncan M+pnnn. Boa tna ouent xonono, no rt cxasan, uro ree cyxeno pasnrtcx n camonere, a ne yronyrt. Hpomy rex, yt axxyparnee nera no nosmoxnocrn mentme Honyuaercx, Enrenn Herpon, a nepnee, mncrnuecxax cocrannxmmax ero nocosnannx sapanee snana, xax nornner nncarent Heapom ero pystx ncnomnnann, uro, caxct n camoner, on ncera cranonnncx xmyptm n samxnyrtm. 3ro on-ro, xoropt n otuno xnsnn nocroxnno myrnn Mnc1nxa c1apon o1xpm1xn Moxoeaa yuuua, 26; Hpeuucmeuua, 5 A nocpen ronnt saymunnt, paart Vxe croxn rpanep pyr menoxnontx ocx O. Mauoe.iuma+
Kaxte Bpemena conpamr cnon xonnexnnn. Pantme mocxnnun Tpertxxont, Pxymnncxne, Moposont conpann xaprnnt n cxyntnrypt. nx +roro n nx npocropntx oconxxax xnarano mecra. Hy a ecnn ner, rax onn cnennantnym npncrpoeuxy nosnonnn, xax ronapnnan Hanen Mnxanonnu Tpertxxon, ]nnrenex. Hy a xax xonnexnnx paspacranact mornn n nent myse nx nee nocrponrt. Hocne penonmnnn, nonxrno, nce nsmennnoct. Konnexnnonnponanne tno npnsnano ypxyasntm nepexnrxom. 3a raxoe moxno tno n n narepx nonacrt. Ho, xoneuno, crpacrt nepecnnnnana, xonnexnnn nce panno conpannct rontxo yxe no-rnxomy, raxct, osnpaxct. Hy a nocxontxy ontmne npemert xaprnnt, meent, cxyntnrypt rpeonann nnomae, ro ocnonnax macca xonnexnnonepon nepemna na manoraapnrnte copannx mapxn, monert, cnnueunte xopoxn n npouax. Cpen nnx oxasannct n ]nnoxaprncrt. He snaere, xro +ro? A +ro re, xro c ncrnnno crpacrtm conpaer orxptrxn. nx raxnx xonnexnn mnoro mecra ne rpeonanoct antomunx x antomunxy moxno nocrannrt na xnnxnym nonouxy. Hpana, n ryr xnarano nonontx xamne n onacenn. Bet nce ypxyasnoe, xcno, nonano no sanper, n rom uncne n openonmnnonnte orxptrxn. a n ro x uemy onn enuonxam n antx xoctnouxax, nnmmmnm cemeuxn na nanouxax mocxoncxnx yntnapon, nnn napnxm n xpacntx pyamonouxax, opymnm no neuepam nocne paort marepnte uacrymxn? openonmnnonnte orxptrxn net coxpanennte nocnomnnannx o amax-xpacannnax n +neranrntx nnartxx, o npasnonannn Poxecrna c poxecrnencxo sneso, o npasnnxax nmennn c nneramn n mamnancxnm. Bect +ror ymemn mnp c ero nennocrxmn n xpacoro tn oxnnen tnmnm. Hy a ero orxptrte nnctma, nexora paonanmne nme, onacntmn. 3a xpanenne nx moxno tno n n uK nonacrt. Ho nmn xpannnn. Bo nsexanne nosmoxntx penpeccn orxnennann mapxn napcxnx npemen, saxnennann uncrtmn nncrnxamn ymarn apeca n rexcr na oopore Co cnerntm nem Hacxn!, Co Cnxrtm Poxecrnom!, at nnxro ne mor ynnunrt nx n rom, uro unen cemtn tn xora-ro nx cnxrentcrnom nnn mrac-pormncrpom n axe npocro npoxnnan n ome nx naroponx rocnonna raxoro-ro. Ofpepakfupoean u onynukoean ua cafe : PRESSI ( HERSON )
Orxptrxa c omom Hamxona
Bnpouem, co npemenem noxnnnnct n orxptrxn conercxnx npemen. Cnauana arnrannonnte, penpoyxnnn osnonenntx xaprnn, norom nornxontxy nsopaxennx ernmex, nneron, centcxnx xonxosntx nesaxe n ropocxnx ynnn, nepenmenonanntx n uecrt repoen nonoro npemenn. Hcropnx, o xoropo noer peut, xacanact nmenno raxo orxptrxn, nsopaxamme snamennrt om na Moxono tnmn om Hamxona, ny a n conercxne npemena cranmn onnm ns sann Fnnnorexn nmenn B.H. Hennna. Hcropnx +roro oma nerenapna n saraouna. Bxparne eno ocroxno rax. Oconxx tn nocrpoen na onom ns camtx cnntntx n mncrnuecxnx mecr Mocxnt. Heapom xe n pomane M. Fynraxona Bonan co cnoe cnnro ortxann nmenno na reppace +roro crapnnnoro oma, orxya ncx Mocxna nm xnnxnact xax na naonn. Ho nor no npemena remnte nexa +ax c XIII nnn XIV semnx +ra nmenonanact Barantxoncxnm xonmom, a norom n Crapo- Barantxoncxnm n npnnanexana napcxomy omy. Ho nmenno cma ntxonnn rante xot, npoptrte ns Kpemnx na cnyua ocat. Tyr xe n naxonnnct menxntnte nopt, re sa onpeenennt nsnoc n napcxym xasny menxnn samopcxym enry na oreuecrnennym mocxoncxym. Hy a n rantx nonanax nosemntx xoon pacnonarannct cexpernte cxpont cynyxn c napcxnmn sanacamn. Cnonom, mecro tno cexpernoe, noraennoe, nnonne mncrnuecxoe. Oo ncem +rom moxno npouecrt n xnnre Mocxna mncrnuecxax. 3ect xe npocro ynomnnanne nx ocosnannx mecra n npemenn. axe ecnn nsrnxnyrt nonpncrantnee na camo nasnanne ynnnt Moxonax, ecrt o uem npnsaymartcx n uemy ynnnrtcx. Koneuno, ncropnxn ynepxmr, uro sect npoanann cyxo mox, xoropt pantme ncnontsonancx n crponrentntx paorax nx saenxn mene n menxnx tpox. Bor n crana ynnna snartcx Moxono. Ho mt nocmorpnm nponsnonte or cnona mox. Moxnart rax nastnann uepra, at ne nomnnart neuncroro. Momnrt saxnatnart mxom menn, no n cxptnart, napactnart neneny, yrannart. Moxonart saentnart tpt, no n. xononart. 3aanno nonyuaercx moxonart na Moxono. Her, neapom Bonan onmonan +ro mecreuxo Onaxo n pyrne uyncrnonann nonxnonanne Moxono. Heapom ee, xax n nect Crapo- Barantxoncxn xonm, oxpyxnnn nepxnxmn cnnomntm xontnom. Hycrt nenonxrnte, nesemnte Cnnt oxaxyrcx saneprt nonaexnee. B 1783 roy nect orpomnt sementnt yuacrox, npaxrnuecxn nect Crapo-Barantxoncxn xonm, xynnn orcranno xannran-nopyunx ne-rnapecxoro Cemenoncxoro nonxa Herp Eroponnu Hamxon. Ftn on ns noenno cemtn, no cxasouno pasoraren ornmt ne na noennom nonpnme, a na nnnntx orxynax. Ionopxr, cran nepntm noountm xoponem Poccnn. Cnxsn nmen orpomnte, nor n cymen npnxynnrt na neunoe nontsonanne semnm n camom npecrnxnom paone Mocxnt.
om Hamxona
Btxynnn yuacrox, npnxasan nce nmemmnecx nocrpoxn cnecrn n sanono ntcrponrt napant n pocxomnt nopen, at nopasnrt ncm Mocxny nemepentm orarcrnom. ecrnnrentno, ener na nocrpoxy ne xanen. B apxnrexropt nsxn nennxoro Bacnnnx Faxenona, crponnmero n camom Kpemne rocyapen nopen, a ne norpa]nnmero Exarepnne Bennxo ne cront cnonmn nocrpoxamn, cxont neuntmn crpemnennxmn orpasnrt n +rnx nocrpoxax maconcxoe nnenne mnpa, naunnax or ocotx snaxon maconcrna n xonuax mncrnuecxnmn cnmnonamn mnposannx. Hpana, x romy npemenn, xora Hamxon npnrnacnn Faxenona ntcrponrt cno nopen, apxnrexrop yxe tn ne n uecrn rpxnyna napnntncxax xaracrpo]a Exarepnna nonenena cnecrn nocrpoennt nopen n Hapnntne. Ho Hamxon or apxnrexropa ne orxasancx, Ofpepakfupoean u onynukoean ua cafe : PRESSI ( HERSON ) nanpornn, nooeman rpomanoe xanonante. He noromy nn onxennt na monapmym nnacrt Faxenon pasnepnyn nopen Hamxona saom x Kpemnm?.. Kax t ram nn tno, nennxonennemn enocnexnt nopen tn roron n camte xparuamne no rem npemenam cpoxn Hamxon cnpannn nonocente yxe n 1786 roy. Bcx Mocxna ceranact nocmorpert na nonoe uyo cnera. ecrnnrentno, nopen tn nenepoxrno xpacnn, a noxpyr nero pasnr nonment ca, xya sanycrnnn xpxnx pasnonnerntx nrnn, cnesenntx ns nnosemntx crpan. Eme tnn ntxonant npyt na arnnnxn manep c neexmn n nymx accenamn. H nect ropo cxonncx na rom, uro npexpacne +roro oma- nopna n trt ne moxer. Onaxo cuacrtx n npexpacntx crenax ne tno. Bnno, renn mecra, nocxnrnnmnct enocnexno nocrpoxo, xapaxrepa ne cmennn n n oemannxx omanyn. Faxenon, rpesnnmn o npomennn nmneparpnnt, xoropoe ona t ana, ynnen cront npexpacnt nopen, n cnonx oxnannxx omanyncx. Ero anropcrno rax n ne npnsnann o]nnnantno. H o cnx nop nyr cnopt xro xe anrop nncrarentnoro xnaccnnncrnuecxoro Hamxona oma. K romy xe nnxaxoro ocooro ronopapa apxnrexrop ne nonyunn or npnxnmncroro saxasunxa. Cam xe Hamxon, necmorpx na nce nenmonepnoe orarcrno n xpacory cnoero nopna, paocrn roxe ne ncntran. Bcxope ero pasnn napannu, ntnynn nepennrartcx na xonxcxe. Hamxon nepecran ntxonrt, nopen cenancx samxom, n xoropom xnsnt samxnynact n uertpex crenax. Hy a nocxontxy Hamxon nnxoro ne npnnnman, ro axe ro ero cmeprn ne yanoct ycranonnrt. To nn on cxonuancx uepes uertpe roa nocne nocrpoxn nopna, ro nn npoxnn n samxe oponontntm npnnnennem o 1800 roa. Cnonom, Hamxon om noxoponnn cnoero xosxnna saxnno Mpaunax ncropnx ns mpauntx npemen Ho xro t snan, uro n ncropnx nayunoro XX cronernx nexa aroma, nerpnno n nepntx xomntmrepon oxaxercx ne cnernee? Onaxo nepnemcx ns npomntx npemen XIX cronernx n ro 1947- x onomy ns mocxoncxnx xonnexnnonepon. uamnnnx y nero tna xax pas Hamxon. He noromy nn on n sanxncx xonnexnnonnponannem nsopaxenn Hamxona oma, onroe npemx o penonmnnn nastnanmerocx Myseem Pymxnnena (roxe xonnexnnonepa, noapnnmero xonnexnnm ropoy), a n nocnenoennte rot cranmero rnanno nnnorexo Crpant Coneron. Ftnn y xonnexnnonepa Hamxona pasnte nsopaxennx crapnnnoro pacnpexpacnemero oconxxa Mocxnt. Bet nam Hamxon paoran n rnnorpa]nn Mocxoncxn paoun na Herponxe, 17. Tam, n rnnorpa]cxom xnocxe, on mor npnxynart cee pasnte nsannx. Ho ocooe npenourenne oranan nam conparent orxptrxam. Hy a nocne nont xax pas Mocxoncxn paoun n nauan neuarart na orxptrxax nsopaxennx Mocxnt xax cronnnt rocyapcrna, noennmero ]amnsm. Ctcxancx n pyro rpannosnt nono npasnonanne 800-nernx camo Mocxnt. Tax noxnnnnct nsopaxennx Kpacno nnoman, nenrpantno ynnnt Ioptxoro n snamennroro sannx Mocconera (tnmero nopna mocxoncxoro renepan- ryepnaropa roro camoro sannx, o xoropom yxe mna peut, no yer pasronop n antme). Ho nocropr namero xonnexnnonepa ntsnana nnornax orxptrouxa c +mnemxo 800 ner Mocxnt, arnponannax 1947 room Mocxna. 3anne Iocyapcrnenno nnnorexn nm. B.H. Hennna (. Pymxnnencxn myse). Ipanmpa na epene xyoxnnxa M.H. Honxxona. Hena 40 xoneex. Tnpax ncero-ro 50 rtcxu. Pexocrt no npemenam, xora orxptrox nsananoct xort n mano, saro rnpaxn nx samxannnann sa mnnnnont. C rpenerom npnopen Hamxon +ro orxptroe nnctmo n mecrnom rnnorpa]cxom xnocxe n npnnec omo. A nao cxasart, uro xnn on na Hpeuncrenxe n omnmxe, mrnnmemcx no nope crapnnnoro oma N 5, nocrpoennoro eme n XVIII nexe rora xe, xora n cam snamennrt om Hamxona. Hpana, om TOIO Hamxona nncrarentno nosntmancx na ropoom, a om namero Hamxona yxe roron tn paspymnrtcx. Ho uro xonnexnnonepy o norexon na crenax, ecnn n ero pyxax ncrnnnoe coxponnme nonax orxptrxa. Ona n nnpany tna xopoma. Kapron nnornt. Heuart ormennax, rnyoxax. uerxocrt pexocrnax xaxym nnnnm nnno. Koneuno, rpanmpa tna uepno-eno. Ho nnera yratnannct, npounrtnaxct na pas. Hpexpacnt enocnexnt Hamxon nopen nosntmancx na xonme. K nemy nena an]nnaa rpannrntx necrnnn oxpyrnax, cnonno npnrnamammax nonxrtcx n norn. Ha camnm sannem cnmnonom npemen rpeneran ant ]nar Hoet. Ho rporyapy y sannx mnn npoxoxne. Onn o uem-ro neperonapnnannct, neceno ornxtnaxct pyr na pyra. Onn tnn paocrnt n cuacrnnnt nmn, noennmne n yxacamme none. H xax npnmert yyme eme onee cuacrnnno n oecneuenno xnsnn no mocrono exann anromonnn. Onn. Bropo. Tpern Konnexnnonep Hamxon axnyn. Tpertnm tn nyrammn uepnt noponox. Tor camt, n xoropom x mocxnnuam xnnxnnct nounte rocrn, ynosnnmne n nensnecrnocrt nnont orxptrtx nparon napoa. H Hamxony npyr aconmrno uerxo npecrannnoct, uro noponox +ror sanopaunnaer na ero ynnny Hpeuncrenxy n npyr nesxaer no nop ero oma N 5. Eme cexyna n pasaercx cryx n EIO nept. Iocnon, cnacn! Vx ner nanart Hamxon, xax ncrnnnt conercxn uenonex, ne nponsnocnn nnxaxnx monnrn. a n 1947 ro ne cront crpamen, xax npncnonamxrnt 1937 ro, yt on npoxnxr! Ho pyxn y xonnexnnonepa sapoxann, norn camn nonecnn ero x cryny, na xoropt on n ynan n xononom nory. Hy yt t on cam onn. Ho net xena mnnax Hmymxa. H ctnox Pomymxa. Onn xe cranyr cemte npara napoa. Hm xe nce n xnsnn yer saxptro, ecnn or nero ne orpexyrcx. A ne orpexyrcx rax n nx xer narept Hamxon nponen pyxo no ncnorenmemy ny. uro +ro on?! 3ro xe orxptrxa! Hpocrax orxptrxa! C uero on nsxn, uro ona nemax?! Hao ycnoxonrtcx n neut cnart. Cxopee ncero, on npocro ycran nepepaoran. Bor n mepemarcx yxact Hayrpo npnx na paory, Hamxon sacran n rnnorpa]nn cosarenx rpanmpt xyoxnnxa Honxxona. H yx ne xcno, c xaxnx rnas, no crapt neuarnnx npyr xnnyncx x nemy, noramnn n yxpomnt saxyrox na necrnnne n samenran xapxo, yronapnnax: Tonapnm! Mnn mo uenonex! Vepn, yt pyrom, noponox c xaprnnxn! Hy uero nme nyrart?! Bet xpaca-ro xaxax enocnexnt om! H nmn necente nnepen xe npasnnx. 800 ner cronnne name! A ryr Hamxon samxncx, saxamnxncx. On xe n ne snan ronxom +roro xyoxnnxa a ny xax ror npxmnxom noexnr n oprant?! Hponan rora n cam Hamxon, n cemtx ero, a n n rnnorpa]nn naunyrcx uncrxn. Kax xe ne yrnxenn, ne ntxnnnn npara napoa c ero cmyrntmn peuamn! Ho Honxxon rontxo nxrepnm sanycrnn n cnon uepnte nonoct: Ofpepakfupoean u onynukoean ua cafe : PRESSI ( HERSON ) a ono, xoneuno, arx Ho net x ne cam. Ontrnte ronapnmn ns Comsa xyoxnnxon nocxasann, uro ntrpannponart-ro. a n rnpax net nsan! A mt nepensanm! oneuaraem! Ona xe tcrpo pasoercx, +ra orxptrouxa. Bcero-ro 50 rtcxu na ncm crpany. a ee yxe uepes napy neent n ne craner. Pacxynxr. A rt yepn noponox n no nono npnnocn! Tt uro, ne nonnmaemt, arx? npomenran Honxxon. 3ro x no nono Komnccnm npoxonrt nao. Hensypnponart. Heuarn x osnonennm nonyuart. A saro nepensanne! Cam snaemt, rax rontxo n ocotx cnyuaxx enamr. Ie xe x ero nostmy, cnyua raxo? A ryr yx x nocrapamct. Hamxon nepnno onnsnyn ryt. Hnoxax npnntuxa, a nnxax ne orenaemtcx. x n Tpyonom xomnrere. x crapemn neuarnnx. H unen naprnn. Mt or napontx macc ymary nannmem. uro ouent npannrcx xaprnnxa. uro yx conercxoro narpnornsma n nce raxoe. Tt rontxo ]nar cena noone, n uro on xontxancx. Hpasnnx net! He xouercx o nnoxom-ro ymart! Hy nano nornxxy Honxxon nsoxnyn, ornxnyncx ne nocnyman nn xro n nomen nnns no necrnnne. A Hamxon ocrancx, rxxeno tma. H nce yman: uero +ro on sanencx? 3auem c raxo npocto ntcynyncx? Hao trt xax nce. Tnme not nnxe rpant. Btcynynmymcx ronony-ro yx rouno n noponxe npnrnyr Ho nnno, n npocte craporo rnnorpa]cxoro paouero-xonnexnnonepa tna ntcmax naonocrt. Vxe uepes napy mecxnen ntmna pyrax orxptrxa. Ha ne nce ro xe camoe. Tontxo cpen mamnn uepnoro moncrpa ner. A Hamxon om raxo xe xpacanen. H nor nao xe, n ror ent, a nepnee, n ry nout, xora neuarnnx Hamxon npnnec omo +ry nonym ncnpannennym orxptrxy, no nope ero oma N 5 pasanoct ypuanne moropa. Hamxon ntrnxnyn n axnyn n yxace. Boponox mamnna opranon! Cepne ynano xya-ro nnns n, nanepnoe, noxarnnoct no nony. 3a xem?! Heyxenn sa nnm?! Ho ntmemn ns mamnnt oconcr oomen noponox n rxnyn noro no xonecy. Menxrt nao! nocntmanoct no nope. Cxontxo xe nme samepnn y oxon, ne saxnrax cnera?! Cxontxo cepen sacryuano n yxace?! A ns mamnnt rem npemenem ntcxounn nropo napent nomonoxe. Bac cenaem, E]nm E]nmonnu! Ce mnr! H noeem. Ce mnr! Hapent ntramnn sanacxy n nauan cnoponncro menxrt xoneco. Cxontxo nennnmtx nme sa oxnamn oneruenno nsoxnynn. He sa mno! H noome nn sa xem! Hpocro ocranonnnnct. Koneco nomenxrt. Iocnon Cnxrt npocro xoneco nomenxrt!.. Vxe uepes nonuaca, xax mamnna yexana, om sactnan. B paocrn. He ceuac! He ceronx! Moxno nocnart. H rontxo Hamxon, nenonxrno nouemy ntramnnmn ns xomoa cnom nonym orxptrxy, ro nn monnncx na nee, ro nn ncnomnnan co cuacrnnno yntxo xyoxnnxa Honxxona. Kro snaer, moxer, n npana npocta craporo xonnexnnonepa n rpy xyoxnnxa- rpanepa cenann nenosmoxnoe ornenn ey or xnntnon oma na Hpeuncrenxe?! Kro snaer? Hencnonenmt xe nyrn Iocnonn. Hy a conpemennte xonnexnnonept n ceuac ronxmrcx sa pexnm rnpaxom oneuarxn ro nerenapno orxptrxn. Fent nopen nosntmaercx na nerenapno Moxono. Ho mocrono necnemno nyr nmn, nanepnoe ymax o npecroxmem npasnnxe ropoa. H mamnn mano ncero na pocxomntx nmecrnrentntx n no-crapomy rpomosxnx, no raxnx xpacnntx anromonnx. Bor raxym ncropnm paccxasan crapt ]nnoxaprncr. Koneuno, orxptrxn ncero nnmt manax uacrt tra. He xaprnnt, ne xnnrn anrnxnapnte. Ho n y nnx ecrt cnon nerent. P. S. Mnxann Hnanonnu Honxxon (19031978) nsnecrnt conercxn xyoxnnx-rpanep, macrep xnnxno nnnmcrpannn. Ha ero rnopuecrno oxasan cnntnoe nnnxnne nam nennxn rpanep Bnanmnp uanopcxn. Honxxon paoran n pasntx xanpax n rexnnxax (nncan n macnom, n ryamtm). Ho npenourenne oranan nce xe rpanmpe n xcnnorpa]nn. 3ect y nero tn ntcouamn yponent npo]eccnonantnoro macrepcrna n cocrnennt crnnt. Fontme ncero Honxxon nmnn paorart n xnnxno rpa]nxe. On nnnmcrpnponan nponsneennx A.C. Hymxnna, B.A. Xyxoncxoro, H.-B. Iere, B. Imro, I. Iene, u. Bnona n p. Hpn xnsnn emy npnnecnn nsnecrnocrt na antoma Maxcnm Ioptxn n Hymxnncxne cmxert (pyex 4050-x roon XX nexa). Ceuac ero rnopuecrno nosatro. A net xopomn tn uenonex n sameuarentnt xyoxnnx. Moxer, ncnomnnm? Mocxoncxnn yxnnnc1 Bepceueecuaa uaepexuaa, 26; Moxoeaa yuuua, MIV; 1eampauoum npoes, 2; peuemua Aueucaupoecuoeo caa, Kpacuaa nuouao O, unrannte mnoroxparno Crpannnt, mnocrn pystx! Bt, xax tnano, apomarnt! Bsnonnonan rax xe namn x! Heopi Ceeepuuu. Hoc.e Oueeuua
Fyxnnncrnxa crpacrt, noxany, camax npnnxsunnax. Haunemt xonnexnnonnponart crapnnnte xnnrn n orxasartcx ne cmoxemt. Fyxnnncramn cranonxrcx pas n na ncm xnsnt. Horomy n conerymr tnante nmn cro pas npnxnnyrt, npnmepnrt na cex n nnmt norom npnnnmartcx sa conparentcrno xnnr. Crarncrnxa xax-ro nocunrana, uro n mnpe unramr xnnrn uertpe uenonexa ns nxrn, a nor noxynart xnnrn c nentm cocrannrt xort manym xonnexnnm crapaercx xaxt mecro (!). Heapom y nmnrene xnnr cymecrnyer nent nernacnt mnp. Tam ecrt n cocrnennte cnxrte noxponnrenn xoneuno xe enanrenncrt, nanncanmne nennxne rexcrt. Hoann Forocnon, anocron, enanrenncr, nepnt yuennx Xpncra, anrop Orxponennx (Anoxannncnca), cunraercx noxponnrenem nncarene, peaxropon, nsarene n ncex nntx nme, cnxsanmnx Ofpepakfupoean u onynukoean ua cafe : PRESSI ( HERSON ) cnom xnsnt c xnnro. Ero ent npanocnannax nepxont ormeuaer 21 max. Hpanocnannte raxxe monxrcx cnxrnrenm mnrpnm Pocroncxomy (ent namxrn 4 oxrxpx), cocrannnmemy 12-romnoe copanne Xnrnx Cnxrtx. Karonnxn xe cunramr noxponnrenem nncarene n xypnanncron cnxroro upannncxa Cantcxoro, enncxona Xenent, xnnmero na pyexe XVI n XVII nexon. ent ero namxrn ormeuaercx 24 xnnapx. Hpana, y xaronnuecxnx xypnanncron ecrt n ocot cnxro nontcxn cnxmennnx Maxcnmnnnan Konte. On npaxrnuecxn moxer cunrartcx namnm conpemennnxom xnn n nepno nononnne XX nexa. B xonne 30-x roon xcens Konte peaxrnponan xaronnuecxn xypnan, ornnuanmncx xpocrntmn anrn]amncrcxnmn nacrpoennxmn. 3a uro n nonnarnncx ]amncrt pocnnn xcensa n Ocnennnm. Ho on n ram npoonxan cnyxnrt mecct, anax nmxm nocnenmm naexy, croxocrt n myxecrno. 14 anrycra 1944 roa Maxcnmnnnan Mapnx Konte (n mnpy Pamyn Konte) nomenxncx mecramn c nesnaxomtm emy uenonexom, ornom manentxnx ere, n oponontno nomen nmecro nero na cmeprt. 3ror ent n cran nem ero namxrn. Ecrt noxponnrent n y rex, xro nnmer nx Bcemnpno nayrnnt, a raxxe y ncex nontsonarene n xomntmrepmnxon cnxro Hcnop Cennntcxn. On ponncx n Hcnannn n 560 roy. Hs enoro cryenra cran onnm ns camtx opasonanntx nme cnoero npemenn. Cosan +nnnxnonenn, cnonapn, ncropnm roron n axe ncropnm cornopennx mnpa. B 1999 roy nana pnmcxn yrnepnn nmenno ero, xax crpemxmerocx x nceoxnarnomy opasonannm, noxponnrenem ncex, nmemmnx ornomenne x Hnrepnery. Ecrt cocrnennax noxponnrentnnna n y renennennx cnxrax Knapa Accnscxax, monaxnnx XIII nexa. H raxono ona crana ne cnyuano. Kora na cxnone ne Knapa yxe ne morna yuacrnonart n mecce, nsopaxenne cnyxt nenocrnxnmtm opasom noxnnxnoct na crene ee xentn. ent namxrn Knapt Accnscxo 11 anrycra. V xnnxnnxon ecrt n nnunte npasnnxn: Bcemnpnt ent nncarenx 3 mapra, Bcemnpnt ent nnreparypnoro pomana 10 oxrxpx, Bcemnpnt ent xnnr 23 anpenx. Hocnenxx ara nmeer n mncrnuecxn cmtcn n +ror ent ymnn ns xnsnn n 1616 roy na nennuamnx rennx nnreparypt Vnntxm Bexcnnp n Mnrent e Cepnanrec. Hpana, ara +ra onee uem cnmnonnuecxax Anrnnx rora xnna no mnnancxomy xanenapm, a Hcnannx no rpnropnancxomy. Ho net connaenne ar nnxora ne tnaer cnyuantm. B nnx Heeca npnorxptnamr cno cxptrt cmtcn. Ho or mexynapontx xnnxntx cotrn nepnemcx x namnm mocxoncxnm. Oxastnaercx, n y mocxoncxnx conparene xnnr yxnnncron, xonnexnnonepon nmeercx cocrnennt, mocxoncxn, ropocxo noxponnrent Hnan Anpeennu unxnpnn. Ponncx n nocnennx roax nexa XVIII n npoxnn 75 ner, ro ecrt ymep n xonne 70-x roon XIX nexa. Opasonannx nnxaxoro ne nonyunn, no cntn necrxmnm camoyuxo. Hnrnponan no namxrn mnorne nponsneennx. Crapancx nce pasysnart o xnnrax, xoropte npoanan no Mocxne ncm xnsnt. Bonn pyxy co mnornmn opasonannemnmn xnnrouexmn (apncroxparamn, xonx nastnan oxpamn, n pasnounnnamn, xonx xnnxan xnnrounnamn), tn nxox n oma nnrennnrenron n axe npo]eccopon Mocxoncxoro ynnnepcnrera. Bce nmnrenn xnnr snann cronr nonpocnrt mnnemero Hnana Anpeennua, n ror ctmer n xparuamn cpox nyxnym xnnry xort ns-no semnn. Orcma n npnntuxa xonnexnnonepon-nnno]nnon XIX nexa opamartcx x unxnpnny. Orcma n npnmera, ocranmaxcx cpen yxnnncron axe nocne cmeprn +roro ynnnrentnoro ropronna n nmnrenx xnnr, ecnn nyxna xaxax-ro xnnra, cneyer oparnrtcx x yxy Hnana unxnpnna. Horomy uro, n yx na ror cner, on ne yrparnn nmnn x xnnram n ncera roron nomout uenonexy, xoropt nmer ro nnn nnoe nsanne, ry nnn nnym xnnry nnn axe pyxonnct. Mexy npounm, noonoe ornomenne unrarene crpaxymnx nanomnnaer ornomenne unrarene nnnoreuntx n crenax rnannoro xnnroxpannnnma name crpant n Fnnnorexe nmenn Hennna, uro pacnonoxena, xax nsnecrno, na camom mncrnuecxom mecre Hepnonpecrontno Crapo-Barantxoncxom xonme, n nanxpacnnemem crpoennn cronnnt nerenapnom ome Hamxona. Vx nenonxrno, ro nn noromy, uro nnnorexa nomemaercx n mncrnuecxom sannn, ro nn noromy, uro nmeercx ocrpemax naonocrt, no n crenax xnnxnoro copannx nor yxe ontme 60 ner onraer. neotuant nnnorexapt, nomomnnx, ecnnornt crpax xnnxntx coxponnm. Kax ymaere, xro noxonr na raxym pont? Koneuno xe crpacrnt xnnrone, snamennrt nnnorpa], xonnexnnonep n, naxonen, nnreparop. Hmenno raxnm tn npn xnsnn Hnxona Anexcanponnu Pyaxnn (18621946) nnunocrt npnmeuarentnemax n rananrnnnax. Hmenno raxnm on n ocrancx nocne cmeprn, ne noxenan yrn na ror cner n ocranmnct npnspaxom npn xnnrax. B mnocrn Pyaxnn oxonunn cpasy rpn ]axyntrera Herepyprcxoro ynnnepcnrera: mpnnuecxn, ecrecrnennt n ncropnxo-]nnonornuecxn. Ho rnanntm crpemnennem +roro ynnnrentnoro uenonexa crano naponoe opasonanne. On tn npocro ]anarom nceome rpamornocrn, yuet n camoopasonannx. B xauecrne cexperapx Komnrera rpamornocrn cnococrnonan orxptrnm mnoxecrna mxon, opasonarentntx yupexenn n xoneuno xe omeocrynntx nnnorex. Hepntm n mnpe H. Pyaxnn cran paccmarpnnart nponecc urennx c nayuno rouxn spennx n nonoxnn nauano nnnoncnxonornn nayxe o nocnpnxrnn rexcra. Camtm nsnecrntm ero rpyom crana xnnra Hcnxonornx unrarenx n xnnrn. Bnocnecrnnn XX nex pasnnn ero nen n ncnxonornn rnopuecrna, ncnxonnnrnncrnxe, crpyxrypnom anannse rexcra. Pyaxnn n cam ne uyx tn nnreparypnomy rnopuecrny, paoran na nnne nsarentcrna. Bmecre c nennxnm npocnernrenem-nsarenem H. Ctrnntm Pyaxnn ntnycxan emente xoneeunte xnnrn nx macconoro unrarenx. Ho ontme ncero npemenn yuent yenxn xnnxnomy conparentcrny. Ero nnunax nnnorexa tna orpomno. Hpaxrnuecxn nmax xnnra, ntmemax c xonna XIX n n nepno rpern XX nexa xax n Poccnn, rax n sa pyexom, naxonna ram cnoe mecro. Bce +ro orpomnoe copanne xnnr Pyaxnn n saneman Fnnnorexe nmenn Hennna. H xorx on ymep 23 noxpx 1946 roa n Bnenapnn (Hosanna), re neunncx o nont n ne cmor ntpartcx na ponny n rpynte noennte rot, ncm ero omnpnemym nnnorexy yanoct npnnesrn n Mocxny. H nor ynnnrentno npeannt cnoe nnnorexe xnnrone Pyaxnn xort n ecnnorno rentm, no npnexan nmecre co cnonmn xnnramn. Bnno, ne mor c nnmn paccrartcx. C rex nop on n onraer n xnnroxpannnnme Fnnnorexn Hennna, nnora axe noxastnaercx n unrantnom sane. Tora ram cranonnrcx ocoenno sxxo n xonono, net npn noxnnennn npnnnenn remneparypa nosyxa mrnonenno naaer. Onaxo ceporo nonynpospaunoro xnnronea ne cronr oxrtcx on opt npnspax n marepnannsyercx, rontxo xora unrarent ne moxer onpeennrtcx, uro emy nao, nnn cnyxamne nnnorexn nnxax ne moryr ortcxart nyxnym xnnry. Hoxnnte n mnoro nonnanmne nnnorexapn Ofpepakfupoean u onynukoean ua cafe : PRESSI ( HERSON ) ornnuno snamr: ecnn uro-ro nnxax ne nmercx, nao nonpocnrt Hnxonax Anexcanponnua. Hmenno rax ynaxnrentno, no nmenn-oruecrny cneyer rnxontxo oparnrtcx x Pyaxnny. H ror nomoxer ortcxart nyxnym xnnry na xnnomerpontx nonxax xpannnnma. Ecnn xe unrarent oxastnaercx n rpynom nonoxennn, ro n on moxer oparnrtcx x Pyaxnny sa conerom n nomomtm. Cronr nnmt nonpocnrt. Bo ncem +rom ecrt rontxo ona nyrammax cropona xora nonpocnn ne rt, a xro-ro pyro. A rt cam cnnmt cee n orpomnom unrantnom sane, satn oo ncem, cxnonxemtcx na nnrepecno xnnro, noxpyr pasnnr rycxnt cner or nacrontntx namn n senentx aaxypax, n npyr. Armoc]epy sana nponsaer mrnonenno pasnnnmncx xono, re-ro nenonxrno, ro nn csan, ro nn coxy pasamrcx cxpnnxmne marn, na noronxe npyr naunnamr nnxcart cepte renn. B raxom cnyuae ne cronr nyrartcx n ncxaxnnart c mecra, naoopor, nao nonecrn cex nocxpomnee yrxnyrtcx n xnnry n enart nn, uro nnuero ne sameuaemt. H nor utx-ro nerxax rent npocxantstnaer mnmo rnoero crona, coce nnepen, nnxopaouno nncranmn xnnry, ycnoxannaercx. Benecr crpannn nponaaer coce namen n orpomnom ]onnanre nyxnt asan. Fnaroapcrnym, Hnxona Anexcanponnu! rnxo menuer on. Homornn narn ro, uro nyxno! H nnxaxo renn yxe n n nomnne ner. H n unrantnom sane cranonnrcx ropaso rennee, n mxrymnecx ncnonoxn ncuesamr c noronxa. Knnrone Pyaxnn nomor n ncues. opoe npnnnenne, o cnx nop nomorammee nmxm. Bor n nam repo yxnnncr XIX nexa Hnan Anpeennu unxnpnn o cnx nop roron nomorart ynneuenntm conparenxm pexnx xnnr. Ho n x nemy roxe, xoneuno, cneyer opamartcx c npocto. Ho xax n re? Ha nepnt nonpoc orner npocremn xax ymeere, rax n npocnre. A nor re npocnrt? 3ro yxe nao paccmorpert xya erantnee. Omn npnnnnn onxrt xe necnoxen npocnrt Hnana Anpeennua nocnococrnonart n noncxax pexnx +xsemnnxpon nao ram, re ero npnspaunt yx moxno ncrpernrt n namem ropoe. Bnpouem, n nntx-ro ropoax unxnpnn n ne tnan. Hy a xax ero ysnart xax conparent ntrnxen? Conpemennnxn, nanpnmep mocxoncxn yxnnncr xonna XIX nexa A]anacn Acranon, ncnomnnann o nerenapnom xnnxnom uepne rax: Crapnx tn ntcoxoro pocra, ]nsnonomnx ntpasnrentnax, nmen nnnnym opoy, xypannnnym noxoxy; n pasronope tn, uro nastnaercx, ocranonncrtm, ymen nonxo nontsonartcx, re nyxno, cnoeopasno naunrannocrtm. Oenancx n nernee npemx n onronont cmpryx, a snmom n rynyn. Kocrmm +ror, ymaercx mne, cnyxnn emy ner rpnnart.
Fepcenencxax naepexnax, om 48
Bor raxoe onncanne, ns xoero xcno, uro npn ropronne n conpannn xnnr ne naxnn cee unxnpnn nnxaxoro orarcrna. Xnn Hnan Anpeennu onee uem cxpomno cnnman na Fepcenencxo naepexno cropoxxy sa 2 pynx 50 xoneex n mecxn. ere y nnx c xeno ne tno, rax uro xnnn nnoem. He orxox or oma, oecneunnann cee eme n nenepoxrnt npnpaorox nonnnn na Mocxne-pexe copnannte n noy cyutx epenten, cnecennte ocxn, cornannym nerpom meny. H +ro anano nm nosmoxnocrt ne rparnrt entrn na pona. B omem, +xonomnnn na ncem, oxpomx xnnr. Tax uro nepnoe mecro, xya n ceuac cronr norn, urot nonpocnrt Hnana Anpeennua o nomomn n naxoxe pexnx nsann, +ro yer Fepcenencxax naepexnax, o xoropo mt eme noronopnm. Cropoxxa xe unxnpnntx croxna pxom c roramnnm xxr-xnyom. Bt ynnnrect, no Mocxoncxn xxr-xny n ntne nce ram xe na Fepcenenxe, oma 26. Ofpepakfupoean u onynukoean ua cafe : PRESSI ( HERSON )
Fepcenencxax naepexnax, om 6
Cneymmn no snaunmocrn apec, xya moxno sarnxnyrt, Cmonencxax nnomat. Tam o 20-x roon XX nexa pacnonarancx crapt Cmonencxn ptnox, c nauana XIX nexa nsnmnennoe mecro ropronnn craptmn xnnramn. uero rontxo ram tno ne ncrpernrt! H craponeuarnte ynnxantnte xnnrn n renxutnx nepennerax, n pexocrnte nnxynaynt, pyxonncn c npopnconanntmn sarnanntmn nnrepamn. Hy a yx o xnnrax XVIII nexa n ronopnrt neuero. 3ro ceuac onn pexocrt, anrnxnapnar. A rora nx cnosnnn nosamn ns nnnorex pasopnnmnxcx apncroxparon. Hy a yx xax nosox-ro npnyer, nam Hnan Anpeennu nnxora ne senan. Bnpouem, ropronart na onom mecre on ne nmnn. A nao cxasart, uro no ry nopy Mocxna tna nanonena xnnroropronnamn. Ho npoanann rora ymaxnt ronap ne n marasnnax oporo tno marasnnnte-ro nnoman cnnmart, a npocro na ynnuntx norxax. V unxnpnna tno necxontxo nsnmnenntx mecr. H nce no panxnpy! Hanpnmep, yuennxamn n pasntmn nayuntmn xnnramn ropronan on oxono orpat craporo Mocxoncxoro ynnnepcnrera. 3ro nastnanoct no pemerxe. Orpaa ra n no ce ent xnna. Moxere cxonrt nornxert.
Crapoe sanne MIV
Pomant, npnxnmuennx n pasnte nmonnte rnopennx npoanan Hnan Anpeennu na Tearpantno nnoman y oma uentmena, na npncrynxe. Tora ram tna rpex+raxnax rocrnnnna c anxmn n rpaxrnpamn. Mexy npounm, ee crponnn no npoexry snamennroro mocxoncxoro apxnrexropa Ocnna Fone roro camoro, uro cosan Fontmo rearp. Tax uro om tn nsnecrnemnm. Heapom nonyunn n nmx cocrnennoe mocxnnun snann nect +ror xomnnexc nocrpoex uentmamn. Bor y +rnx uentme-ro n mna ocoo oxax ropronnx xnnramn. Hy a ecnn uero na norxax ner ro noxanyre, noonre x Hnany unxnpnny. On nam saxas na ocoym ymaxxy sannmer n cxaxer, xora sa nyxno xnnro xnnxrtcx. H nnxora ne omaner. A snaere, uro sa mecro +ro ceuac? B nauane XX nexa nmecro oma xynna uentmena tna ntcrpoena rocrnnnna Merponont (ceuac Tearpantnt npoes, 2).
Iocrnnnna Merponont
Ofpepakfupoean u onynukoean ua cafe : PRESSI ( HERSON ) Ha nero nam xnnronm ntesxan n napxn Coxontnnxn, x Ocranxnncxomy nopny, n Herponcxo-Pasymoncxoe. Herom on nyremecrnonan, ne sa rpannny, pasymeercx, a no mocxoncxnm oxpecrnocrxm, nncan ror xe Acranon. Haxnaer, tnano, n memox nya rpn ronapa nnreparypnoro coepxannx, npoe counnenn 3arocxnna, Fynrapnna n nepenoon Bantrepa Cxorra. C nennxnm repnennem racxan on +ry nnreparypy na cnonx nneuax, xorx tnann nn n es nounna. uro x, pas na pas ne npnxonnoct. Cnyuannct nn n es npnpaorxa. A tnano n rax, uro, npnoperx y xaxnx-nnyt nepasymntx nacnennxon nenym nnnorexy, ro ecrt otn xnnr na npoaxy na ro nnepe, Hnan Anpeennu paccrpannancx, uyrt ne nnaxan. Onno emy tno, uro ne nennnn nmn xnnrn, pasasapnnann ro, uro pantme npexn nx noxynann c nmontm, cocrannxx cocrnennym nnnorexy. Cxontxo pas ronapnnan unxnpnn xene n cepnax: He nennr napo xopomym xnnry! Hacroxmne pexocrn nonnxoncxne mncrnuecxne nsannx, Pycco npomnoro cronernx mne sa xonexn npoann! Tax +ro x xopomo! nnnnact xena. Btrono!
Anexcanponcxn ca
A crapt yxnnncr nstxan: Btrono Ho onno-ro xax! He nenxr xnnry-ro. A nuepa apnn x moemy norxy na rpoxe npnrnan. H snaemt, uro xynnn? Knnrn no pocry uro rouno no nonyropa nepmxon tnn. Ha coepxanne-ro n ne cmorpen pan nce es pasopa. Hnmt t na ero nonxn n mxa]t xnnrn nomnn rmrt-n-rmrt. Hy xax raxomy n pyxn xopomym xnnry orart? V menx, snaemt, tn romnx Bontrepa. Touno n nonropa nepmxa. Tax x ero ene ycnen c npnnanxa ypart. He xouy, uro xnnra n mxa]y ntnnnact nenpounranno. Bor, oxastnaercx, n nexa nasa xnnrn pann nx meenn nnn no meent. Ho y craporo yxnnncra tnn cnon npnnnnnt.
Kpemnt. Cnaccxax amnx
Ouent nmnn on ropronart ncxxnmn nosnanarentntmn xnnxxamn ementmn, uro napo mor xynnrt es ymepa nx xomentxa. nx +roro men, snaere xya? B Anexcanponcxn ca. Tam pacnonarancx y camo nepno nxono pemerxn. A urot sacrannrt unrarene oparnrt nnnmanne na ceptesnym nosnanarentnym xnnry, sastnan, paccxastnax o pasntx nmonntx pomanax. Cocrannr noxpyr norxa unrarene, a cam nmecro pomanunxa-ro n nauner ronopnrt ro npo xnnry o nnanerax, ro o nosymntx noroxax nnn eme o uem ymnom. Inxnmt, npn raxo pexname ero nosnanarentnte xnnrn-ro n cmeryr. Hy a n ony ns nepntx cyor unxnpnn nsxn a n nepenec cnom nanarxy c xnnramn npxmo na Kpacnym nnomat, no ouox x Cnaccxo amne. pyrne-ro xnnromant n npoannt emy ronapnnann: Hnxro ram xnnrn ne npoanan n noxynart nnxro ne craner! Tya napo sa spennmamn xonr anaran nornxert nnn xax xoro cexyr. Bce pasnneuenne. A rt c xnnramn Ho Hnan Anpeennu ne pornyn: A nouemy t na rnanno nnoman crpant ne rnannoe npoanart-noxynart, ro ecrt KHHIV?! H rouno crann-raxn noxynart. Tax uro n nxo n Anexcanponcxn ca, n Kpacnym nnomat roxe moxno cmeno sanncart n nsnmnennte apeca namero xnnronma-yxnnncra. Ofpepakfupoean u onynukoean ua cafe : PRESSI ( HERSON ) H ecnn nt yxnnncr, conpaere-npoaere crapnnnte xnnrn (yxnnncrnxa net n snaunr no- ]pannyscxn npoaxa craptx xnnr), cmeno ncnomnnare npo Hnana Anpeennua unxnpnna. On n n enax nomoxer, n n noncxax nyxntx xnnr. P. S. Tpertero nx ana nounrart +ry rnany onomy xonnexnnonepy na npoy. Tax ne snam, nonpannncx nn emy rexcr, rontxo nor snam, uro men on mnmo rocrnnnnt Merponont n ncnomnnn npo crapnxa unxnpnna. A y moero conparenx xnnr yxe mecxn xax tna meura ynnen on na onom ns caron, uro npoamr romnx crnxon Axmarono 20- x roon. Xouercx xynnrt no oporonaro. Her ceuac raxnx ener. H npyr Bepnyncx neuepom omo, a ryr snonox. Hpoanen cornacen cpocnrt neny. Bor cnesno-ro! Hnn, moxer, n npana crapt yxnnncr nomor nocnococrnonan?.. Hac1t ue1nep1an C1pannnxn no npeuenn 3ancera1an ap1nc1nuecxnx xaqe Vuuua Heeuuuuaa, 6 u coepe+euume uaqe e ueumpe On nnxomy ne enan sna H nnn mamnancxoe pexom. uro noxnana n uro xyna Tomy, xro cnpxran no semnem? . Heucru. Jnumaqu ca+o+v ceoe
Axrept, xax nsnecrno, nmxr paccnanrtcx ntnnrt n saxycnrt, ocoenno npn npnxrno xomnannn. Bnpouem, n nnax rnopuecxax nnrennnrennnx ne uyxa raxomy npemxnpenponoxennm. a n xro x orxaxercx?! Haunnax c XIX nexa, xax nosnnxnn n Mocxne crannonapnte Hmneparopcxne rearpt, opasonannct noxpyr nnx, a ro n na oranennn, rax nastnaemte aprncrnuecxne xa]e. Camtm nsnecrntm n XX nexe tno xa]e nanpornn MXATa n ononmennom npoese. Tenept +romy npoesy nosnpameno ero ncxonnoe nasnanne Kameprepcxn nepeynox, nosnnxmee or roro, uro rpemx omamn ryr nnaenn nacroxmne xameprept Hmneparopcxoro nopa. Conpemennt Kameprepcxn nepeynox noome nectma nnorno nanr xa]e n pecropanamn. Tenept onn ryr uyrt ne n xaxom ome. B onom ns nnx (ne yem anart nasnanne, urot nac ne ynpexnynn n pexnamntx ycrpemnennxx) n ome N 5 no Kameprepcxomy nepeynxy ormeuana xaxoe-ro cnoe cotrne ona ns axrepcxnx xomnann. B cepenne neuepa, xora nce npncyrcrnymmne npnsnann yxe, uro xnsnt npexpacna n noome yanact, x nnm noomen c nospannennxmn xaxo-ro nocernrent +roro pecropana-xa]e. Hoxnannn onoro ns npncyrcrnymmnx sa nonym pont, nonenonan pyuxy y monoo axrpnct, ntctnan rpyy xomnnnmenron. Hocne +roro rocrx, ecrecrnenno, npnrnacnnn sa cron. uepes napy mnnyr nce yxe tnn ynepent, uro snaxomt anntm-anno n noome nmama cnannt napent. H rontxo ona ymnax enymxa nonnrepeconanact, na nero rnxx: A pasne renept mono nocnrt anrt? nmama cmyrnncx, nornann cno ]panronart anr, sanxsannt nmecro rancryxa, no ero ntpyunn xosxnn neuepa: Tt, nanepnoe, cpasy nocne cnexraxnx? Hepeoertcx ne ycnen? Ocrponcxoro, uro nn, crannnn? nmama yntnyncx: Hyume noennnt! Hen Iyptu Cnnnuxnn, nnn Hponnnnnantnax emranrxa rocnonna Hencxoro cntmann? Axrept samymenn xoneuno xe Htna Iyptua snann nce. Hrpart n raxom xnaccnuecxom noennne ontmax uecrt. Mano xomy yaercx. Cxynt rearpt ntnue na crapnnnte noennnn. a n macrepon-axrepon, cnocontx na noennntnym ncxpomernocrt, anno ner. Ftnn Anpe Mnponon a Hmmnna Iypuenxo. A renept uro?! Ho nor, ntxonr, nmama cnoonncx ctrpan n Cnnnuxnne. Koro cnpamnnart ne crann. H rax xaa sa ymy nsxna sannno crano. Cnonom, nce noxpxxrenn nemnoro, no pemnnn xopomo cnert n antme. Horomy Htna Iyptua ns ronont ntxnnynn, a nmame crann nannnart noontme moxer, yntercx n ocxanannrcx?.. Tora n ne yer sannno, uro on n noennne nrpan. B omem, nmamy ynonnn ax uepes xpa. axe n raxcn ero sacynynn. Kora camn crann paccunrtnartcx, oxasanoct, cuer ontmenar. Xosxnn neuepa, monoo mxaronen Heonn, ns xapmana nocnenmm menout ntrpe. O]nnnanrxa axe pasxanonnact, rnxx, xax on menout cunraer. A nt +roro npomentry spx nonnn! cxasana ona. ymaere, on necentuax Hencxn? Her! Ero npocro sonyr xax Hencxoro. A anr on cnennantno nanxnnnaer n npo Htna Iy-ptua sannnaer, urot ero na xanxny noxopmnnn. A npn uem ryr Hencxn? ynnnncx Heonn. Boome-ro noennnncr Hencxn anno nomep, eme n XIX nexe! ncrpxna ymnax enymxa. H uro? ]tpxnyna o]nnnanrxa. Mano, uro nomep. Pasne ne snaere, uro on yx rpern nex no xa]emxam-pecropanam ponr? Hpnnnennem, uro nn?! axnyna ennna. O]nnnanrxa cxpnnnnact: A eme aprncrt! Hpocrtx rearpantntx neren ne snaere! Becentuax Hencxn xa]emnt npnspax. H x nam sarnxtnaer. On noome nmnr nmenno aprncrnuecxne xa]e. K xomy n sane nocxer, rex ycnex, cnana, orarcrno oxnamr. Ho rontxo n rom cnyuae, ecnn ero xopomo ncrperxr, naxopmxr-nanoxr. A ecnn emy uro ne nonpannrcx, rax +ror axrep-npnspax nmnr nponan oprannsyer. Tora npomacx c axrepcxo xaptepo. Bce noer no orxoc. H nnuero ne nomoxer. Hy, ymam, +ro cxasxn! npoopmoran Heonn, pacnnaunnaxct. Bonce ner! orpesana o]nnnanrxa. V nero axe nopaxarenn namnnct. He onn nmama anr nanennxer n no aprncrnuecxnm xa]e onraercx. Hnoxo nn na xanxny Ofpepakfupoean u onynukoean ua cafe : PRESSI ( HERSON ) noecrt?! H net nnxro ne ronnr. Bce oxrcx cee xaptepy ncnoprnrt. A ny xax on nacroxmn Hencxn? oma nmontrnt Heonn npounran nce, uro namen npo noennnncra n n xnnrax, n n Hnrepnere. Oxasanoct, mnrpn Tnmo]eennu Hencxn (18051860) npenmontrnemn uenonex. Hnxaxo on ne Hencxn, a Bopoten, ns saxnrountx mocxoncxnx xynnon. Taxne na cneny n axrept na xaxnnann. Bor n Bopoten-crapmn onpeennn ctna no nourenno xommepuecxo uacrn n axe npncrponn xnepxom n orenenne anrnncxoro anxa n Mocxne, no ctn nomen nonepex. Kax norom uacro ronapnnan: Mnoro ropx x npnnec crapnxy! Onaxo na cnoem nmama (ero n nnpany rax snann npnxrenn) nacroxrt cymen nomen na cneny. B 1824 roy emrnponan na cnene rearpa n ome Hamxona na Moxono. Her-ner, ne n nerenapnom ome, re ceuac Fnnnorexa nm. B.H. Hennna. Peut ner o pyrom ome, ntcrpoennom nacnennxom Hamxona pxtmxom c omom-nereno na nepeceuennn Moxono n Fontmo Hnxnrcxo (no Hnxnrcxo ynnne om 1). Tenept n +rom xopnyce naxonrcx aynropnoe sanne MIV, no nropo nononnne XX nexa pasmemancx n Cryenuecxn rearp. Hy a npn nosneennn sannx na pyexe XVIIIXIX nexon ero nnaenen, nnemxnnnx Hamxona, npenasnauan om ne nx uacrno xnsnn, a nx omecrnenno: ropocxnx anon, ynecenenn, rearpantntx nocranonox. Onaxo aprncrnuecxax xaptepa Hencxoro ne saanact, xorx on n ctrpan Monuannna n Iope or yma. Ho y nero onapyxnncx nno rananr on ymen nncart xnecrxne rexcrt, cmemnte penpnst n counnxrt necente crnxn. Hs ncero +roro n ntmen noennnt n ro npemx xanp camt nocrpeonannt. Koneuno, snaroxn paspyrnnann +ror nerxn xanp n nyx n npax, saro nynnxa nanom nannna. H na ene]nc xaxt axrep crpemnncx nocrannrt nmenno noennnt. Bet xax nanncan Hencxn:
Fes noennntntx nsoxon H ene]nc neer. A ene]nc axrepon Enncrnennt oxo.
Bor nce mocxoncxne n nerepyprcxne axrept n ymonxnn Hencxoro: Hannmn noennnt! H necentuax crpounn nerxnm nepom, ne ocoo yrpyxaxct. Cosan ontme cra noennne. He pesronan part cmxert ns uyxnx xnnr, nepennnontnart ]pannyscxne noennnn na pyccxn na. Ho cpen mnorouncnenntx noenox ncrpeuannct y nero n nacroxmne xemuyxnnt, npoe Htna Iyptua Cnnnuxnna.
Vnnna Hernnnnax, om 6/2
Onaxo, crpxnax cnon ecxoneunte noennnn, Hencxn nnuyrt ne oorarnncx. Xyxe ontmo nmnrent xomnann, on ne ntnesan ns onron. uame ncero ero nnenn n xo]ene Faxenona, recrx snamennroro rparnxa Mouanona, na Hernnnno n ome N 6. C 1860-x roon ram pasmecrnnoct nerenapnoe Tearpantnoe yunnnme npn Manom rearpe. A n 1840-x roax n +rom, rora nyx+raxnom, sannn pacnonarannct no ono xptme aprncrnuecxax xo]enx Faxenona n rpaxrnp Heuxnna. Bor ram-ro n ortxann axrept Fontmoro n Manoro rearpon. Omannct, unrann rasert (pexocrt no rem npemenam), enn-saxyctnann n, xcnoe eno, ncnptcxnnann. Koneuno, enexnte axrept nnarnnn camn. A nor rontrta uacrentxo orxymnnana sa cuer rocrenpnnmnoro, xneocontnoro Hencxoro. Hy xax ryr ne nnesrt n onrn? Tyr nonenone yemt npomtmnxrt xynnernamn! nncan Hencxn n Herepypr pyry nennxomy rparnxy Bacnnnm Kapartrnny. Onaxo pacxomennnartcx sa pyrnx ocrpocnon ne nepecranan. A nce noromy, uro tn ynepen: ero ronapnmn rananrnnnt, a y nero camoro rananra na xonexy. Hpana, pystx ymann nnaue. B Mocxne noome cunrann ero camtm oapenntm conpemenntm ocrpxxom. H nao cxasart, uro cnon ocrport on pacrouan ne rontxo n nnreparype, no n n otuno xnsnn. Hpnuem ecnn nx cnent Hencxn ntnpan ron necenoro cmexa, ro n xnsnn +ro uacro oxastnanact xsnnrentnemax carnpa. Bor necxontxo cnyuaen, nepeammnxcx mocxnnuamn ns ycr n ycra. Onaxt Hencxn tn ntnyxen npnrn c npomennm x naxnomy mocxoncxomy unnonnnxy. Hapoy n npnemno tna rtma. Xart npnmnoct rax onro, uro onn crapentxn renepan yxe concem sanemor. Vcencx na cryntunx n nauan omaxnnartcx rpeyronxo. a rax pernno, uro ns nee neptx ntnann. Hencxn nonxn ono a n saxnmunn n cepnax: Bnmt, xax samyunnact nynnxa axe renepant nnnxrt nauann. Ofpepakfupoean u onynukoean ua cafe : PRESSI ( HERSON ) B pyro pas notnan on y ono aprncrxn. Ta cront onena myxa, uro enxra nauan nnrt. Cama xe nna sanena xyuy nmonnnxon. Hencxn ne yrepnen n nanncan na +ry napouxy +nnrpammy:
Ona xena, xaxnx nemnoro, A on npnmep myxe. Ona npoesxax opora, A on xaax na ne.
Hencxn noome tn cnocoen na exne n snte +nnrpammt n orstnt. Ho x nyxammemycx uenonexy on cranonnncx nacrontxo nnnmarenen, uro mor n npxmom cmtcne orart nocnenmm pyamxy. Cxontxo pas on ntpyuan xonner-axrepon entramn, cxontxo pas npnxonn na nomomt, xnonoran sa nnx uacro cee no npe! Tontxo uenonex camo orstnunno n opo ymn cmor rax nepenecrn snamennroe crnxornopenne Hnmax H. Fepanxe, uro nmoe ero npourenne, ncnonnenne ntstnaer orxnnx n yme xaxoro. H nao cxasart, uro crpoxn Hencxoro nponsnoxr ontmee nneuarnenne, uem opnrnnantnoe crnxornopenne Fepanxe. uro x, n +rnx crpoxax cyta ne onoro noxonennx poccncxnx axrepon.
3nma, merent, n n xpynntx xnontxx Hpn cnntnom nerpe cner nannr. V nxoa n xpam ona, n noxmortxx, Crapymxa nnmax cronr H mnnocrtnn oxnax, Ona nce sect c xnmxo cnoe, H nerom, n snmo, ocax. Hoare x mnnocrtnm e! Cxasart nn nam, crapymxa +ra Kax nanart ner romy xnna! Ona tna meuro no+ra, H cnana e nenox nnena. Kora ona na cnene nena, Hapnx n nocropre tn or ne. Ona conepnnn ne nmena Hoare x mnnocrtnm e! B ro npemx ropxecrna n cuacrtx V ne tn om; ne om nopen. H n +rom ome cnaocrpacrtx Tomnnnct rtcxun cepen. Kaxnmn ntmntmn xnanamn Kann e xpyr ee rocre Hpn cuacrte nce pyxarcx c namn; Hpn rope nery rex pyse Cnxrax nonx nponnentx. Aprncrxa cenanact ontna, Hnmnnact ronoca n spentx H ponr no mnpy ona. Ftnano, ent ne onrcx Hpnrn sa mnnocrtne x ne, Ona x y nac npocnrt crtnrcx. Hoare x mnnocrtnm e! <>
Crnxn +rn Hencxn cosan n 1840 roy, n necxontxnmn roamn nosxe nennxn pyccxn xomnosnrop Anexcanp Anxten nonoxnn nx na mystxy. C rex nop onn uacro unrannct c +crpat, xax crnxornopenne, n nennct, xax pomanc. H axe cnycrx nexa +rn crpoxn naxoxr orxnnx n cepnax cnymarene. Vxe n xonne XX nexa nerenapnax ncnonnnrentnnna pyccxnx pomancon Iannna Kapena nesatnaemo nena Hnmym. Ha crpoxe Ona x y nac npocnrt crtnrcx nennna opamanact npxmo n san, cnonno npeuyncrnonana, uro npoer ncero necxontxo ner n naponte aprncrt, nmnmte mnnnnonamn, oxaxyrcx n camom xecroxom n nnauennom nonoxennn no npemx nnxnx enxnocrtx es sapaorxon, es noepxxn nnacrt nmymnx, npocro ntpomennte ns camoro ncxyccrna. A no oxonuannn pomanca Kapena emoncrparnnno xnanxnact n rax nastnaemym axrepcxym noxy. Bo nce nexa ram otuno cnenn npnrnamennte crapte axrept. H nennna xnanxnact xax yro t nm. Ho n 1980-x roax ram yxe nocceann ro naprnnte onst, ro nyxnte nmn, cnoconte x ocranannm e]nnnra. H xax crpanno n nourn onnnxmme snyuann cnona: Ona x y nac npocnrt crtnrcx Taxoe ncnonnenne ntstnano mox. 3pnrentnt san samnpan, cnonno ocmtcnnnax ycntmannoe-ynnennoe. H rontxo norom nsptnancx annoncmenramn. H na rnasax mnornx spnrene ntcrynann cnest. Oxasanoct, uro necentuax n anaryp Hencxn cmor npenocxnrnrt yxacammee n nnauennoe nonoxenne, n xoropoe nonaer nner poccncxo xyntrypt n xonne XX nexa A nor n xnsnn noennnncr Hencxn nnxora ne yntnan. Herxn na noem, on cranonnncx ymo nmo xomnannn. 3naxomte, manosnaxomte n noome nesnaxomte mocxnnun nocroxnno sastnann ero x cee. Bce snann: Hencxn uenonex-npasnnx, ]onran myrox n necentx. Cxonuancx mnrpn Tnmo]eennu Hencxn n 1860 roy, ro ecrt ncero-ro 55 ner or poy. Hepe cmeprtm ronapnnan: Mano nn x noennne namxpxan? He n nnx cyrt. Cyrt xnsnn n rom, urot nepnocoprntx, rananrnnntx nme or nroporo copra ornnuart. Hepntm-ro nomorart nao, a nropte, xax copnxxn, camn nponesyr. He +rnm nn npannnom nauan on pyxonocrnonartcx n nocne cmeprn, xora yxe mocxoncxnm npnspauntm nmnrenem necentx cran xaxnnart no aprncrnuecxnm xa]e? Kax ram ronopxr? Kro nonpannrcx necentuaxy Hencxomy, romy on n n xaptepe nomoxer, a xoro courer nropocrenenntm, romy n nponan na cnene yunnnr. Bor rontxo mnoro nopaxarene-nonnxon y Hencxoro noxnnnoct. Koneuno, nce xorxr noecrt-nonnrt na xanxny. Ofpepakfupoean u onynukoean ua cafe : PRESSI ( HERSON ) Hmenno rax yman Heonn, xora ero rennax xomnannx copanact cnona, n onxrt x nnm nocen xaxo-ro ]panr co crapnnntm anrom na mee, nasnanmncx nmame. Ho na +ror pas axrept ne nonennct na pasnoxy ormnnn tcrpo nonoro camosnanna. H uro t nt ymann?! Vxe na cneymmn ent nce, xro tn n ro xomnannn, nouyncrnonann nenanoe. V xoro-ro ]nntm ornoxnnn o nyumnx npemen, xro-ro npot ne npomen, a xoro-ro n noome c ponn cnxnn. Tax uro xe +ro ntxonr neyxenn nropo nmama tn nacroxmn Hencxn, axrep- npnspax? Ho npoe nnxaxnx npnsnaxon npnnnennx ne nosnnxano n xonono ne cranonnnoct, n samornntntm nerpom ne nexno, n nnxaxoro crpaxa ne nosnnxano. Bor net nacroxmn axrep npnrnopnncx xnntm uenonexom! Onaxo cnpocnrt o necentuaxe Hencxom tno ne y xoro. Cnonooxornnnax o]nnnanrxa, uro ocnyxnnana xomnannm n npomnt pas, ne paorana. A ra, uro noxonna x cronnxy, nmena raxo rposnt nn, uro n nocrynnrtcx crpamno. Bor xomy t yxacnoro npnspaxa nsopaxart! Cnonom, ecnn x nmo pyro xomnannn nooer necentuax nmama, nao epxart yxo nocrpo. axe ecnn nt n ne axrept. Kro ero snaer, moxer, Hencxn onxaercx ne na ony cnom axrepcxym parnm Rnnme n 1annme oua uocxoncxoro manonan Kro, snax rex, ne nonepnr ree na cnono cnoero nmennx, ror cam ne cronr nnxaxo onepennocrn. Huci+o Hvuruua Hauoruuv
3ra ncropnx nauanact mnoro ner nasa, xora x ycntmana, xax mox 10-nernxx nopyxxa- ponecnnna pasronapnnaer co cnoe aymxo. Ceuac cesnm n ercxn mnp, ny a norom, ecnn xynnm, sarnxnem na ynnny uypmanona. Hopyxxa xnnnyna n noomna x cnoe nemanxe n pasenanxe. eno nponcxonno nocne ypoxon n mxone, xya aymxa npnmna ncrpeuart nnyuxy. Hoxa mt oenannct, nopyxxa npomenrana: Hano yx, cronxem na +roro uypmanona Moxer, n nnpany omnx xynnm Kaxo omnx? ne nonxna x. B ercxn mnp xyxontnte omnxn npnnesnn. Bor t nonesno, uro xynnnn! Kyxontnt omnx!.. Ho conercxnm npemenam +ro tna neocrnxnmax meura xaxoro peenxa n ne rontxo enouxn. Mantunxn roxe oxorno sannmannct xyxontntmn omnxamn. Bor rontxo onaann nmn cuacrnnnunxn, re, xomy ponrenn yxnrpnnnct npnnesrn nonmenym nrpymxy ns-sa rpannnt. a x t sa ne na xpa cnera nomna, ne ro uro n ercxn mnp noexana Bor n y nopyxxn Hapouxn yxe rnasenxn ropenn xorenoct nrpymxy meurt! Beuepom ona nosnonnna: Fern xo mne! Kynnnn!!! H x noexana. Hopyxxa xnna n ome, npnmocrnnmemcx c oparno cropont namero. Tontxo nor o nero ecrnnrentno nao tno exart, ro ecrt nrn mnnyr ecxrt, noromy uro npxmoro npoxoa ne cymecrnonano. Hamn oma croxnn mexy xpnntx n recntx mocxoncxnx npoynouxon n saxoynxon. Cnonom, nnannnact x x Hapouxe santxanmaxcx. Or nerepnennnoro npenxymennx yonontcrnnx axe nantro mntpnyna na nemanxy, ne rnxx, n pnnynact n Hapouxnny xomnary. Ha crone croxno uVO. Cnernoe, epenxnnoe, noxptroe naxom. ne xomnart nnnsy n ona ontmax nanepxy. Kptma ns epenxnntx xepouex cemnax. 3anxx crenxa cnnomnax, a n oxontx ntpesano no orpomnomy oxny nx xaxo xomnarxn. Hepene crenxn, ecrecrnenno, ner. Hapouxa ocrana manentxym xyxny canrnmerpon c nocemt n nnena ee n nonoe xnnnme. Hpncnonnna x crenxe: Tenept yemt sect xnrt! Horom nopyxxa nonepnynact xo mne: A rt cnom nsxna? V menx roxe tna raxax xe xyxonxa, mt axe napxt nx nnx mnnn nmecre, no x ne coopasnna nsxrt ee c coo. Bor ypa! 3anrpa npnnecn! nouemy-ro menorom nporonopnna nopyxxa. Hanepnoe, or ouent yx ontmoro nocropra. H tno or uero npnrn n nocropr: namn xyxnt cranyr xnrt n cocrnennom omnxe! Ho ryr nam npyr crano xax-ro nentpasnmo neuantno. Mt nocmorpenn pyr na pyra. Meenn ner! necuacrno nporonopnna Hapouxa. H nocyt, n nrpymex! uyrt ne ncxnnnnyna x. B ome onxnt trt nrpymxn Hrpymxn moxno nsxrt or manentxo enouxn, coopasnna Hapouxa. V rex tna re- ro Ara! nemnoro yremnnact x. A meent a nocyy?.. Faymxa! sanonnna Hapouxa. H xora aynx nomna, sannaxana. Meenn ner! C rex nop aymxa c nnyuxo crann uacrentxo esnrt n marasnn ercxn mnp. e]nnnrnym xyxontnym meent n nocyy moxno tno xynnrt rontxo ram. H onaxt neuepom pasancx onroxannt snonox: Meent xynnnn! Fern cxope! nnerena x nopyxxe, xora oe namnx xyxnt yxe ropo nocceann na xpomeuntx cryntunxax, cnnnxn xoroptx, xax n ncx pyrax meent, tnn pacxpament xpacntmn nneramn. Kpacora! Vmr! Hpecrannxemt, nocne marasnna aymxa noramnna menx onxrt na ynnny uypmanona. Mt axe samepsnn ram! ronopnna nopyxxa. Ofpepakfupoean u onynukoean ua cafe : PRESSI ( HERSON ) Ho x, rnxx na nonmenym xaprnnxy omnxa n meenn, nponycrnna ee cnona mnmo yme. Bcnomnnna rontxo norom, xora uepes napy mecxnen Hapouxa c aymxo yxnrpnnnct xynnrt eme n nocyy xyxnam n omnx. Onxrt na uypmanona xarannct! coomnna nopyra. H nor! Vraa, uro a no omnx nonoxnna? Koneuno, x ne yraana, xort n nepeuncnnna mnoro uero. Ho Hapouxa orornyna yron cxareprn, na xoropo pacnonoxnncx omnx, n x ynnena ecxrxy ontmne entrn no rem npemenam! Hao xe H sauem?! Paccnpamnnart x nocrecnxnact. Hy a norom, nocne oxonuannx yuenoro roa, nopyra oxnnna mne, uro ona yesxaer sa rpannny. Ponrene nasnaunnn xaxnmn-ro ram npecrannrenxmn, n onn epyr ee c coo. Fontme nopyxxn x yxe ne nnena. Horomy uro x romy npemenn, xora ee cemtx nepnynact n Mocxny, aymxa yxe omenxna nx nerxoe n pasnannnammeecx xnnte na nonym xnaprnpy. A nor o xyxontnom omnxe, nepeynxe uypmanona n enexno xynmpe no cxareprtm x ysnana conepmenno nopasnrentnym mncrnuecxym ncropnm. Oxasanoct, nce +ro recnemnm opasom cnxsano ono c pyrnm. A no rnane yrna nexar xoneuno xe rant mocxoncxnx ynnn. Tennmn ou: nmrancxan uarnn Veou Iaeapuucuoeo nepeyuua, 4/2 u Hauouuucuoeo nepeyuua, 2/4 Vnnna uypmanona, xya aymxa racxana nnyuxy nocne xaxo noxynxn xyxontnoro omnxa n ero npnunnanon, nonyunna cnoe nasnanne n 1933 roy n namxrt o nncarene mnrpnn uypmanone, cosarene pomana uanaen, no xoropomy tn cnxr xyntront conercxn ]nntm. o roro +ro mecro nastnanoct Hamoxnncxnm nepeynxom, n uecrt renepana Hamoxnna, xoropt nnaen sect omamn n cam xnn n xonne XVIII nexa.
Vron Iarapnncxoro n Hamoxnncxoro nepeynxon, om 4/2
Ienepan +ror nponcxonn ns pennero n cnannoro poa Hamoxnntx. Hpeox nx npnexan n pyccxne semnn eme n nauane XIV nexa ns anexo Hrannn. Tam on naxonncx n onane, a y nac, npn nope nennxoro xnxsx Tnepcxoro Anexcanpa Mnxanonnua, nonan n ]anop, nocxontxy tn ontrntm n myxecrnenntm nonnom. Hposnnme Hamoxa, xoropoe nonyunn ro nn on cam, ro nn onn ns ero xpaptx ctnone, roxe ronopnno o parntx enax. Hameexa (nmenno rax, c nymx e) snaunno sartnox, nenponnaemt n oeno cxnarxe. Bnno, xpenxax ronona tna y Hamoxnna. Heapom nnocnecrnnn nce onn cranonnnnct noenntmn n ornnuannct n cpaxennxx. otnn ne rontxo cnany, no n orpomnte orarcrna oma n ycatt n Herepypre n Mocxne. Onaxo camtm snamennrtm n ncropnn cran Hanen Bonnonnu Hamoxnn, xoropt roxe uecrno nomen na nonncxym cnyxy, no tcrpo nonxn mymrpa n nnan ne nx nero. eno n rom, uro tn Hanen Bonnonnu no cxnay cxopee ]nnoco]om n nennrenem ncxyccrn. Ho rnannoe on xnnxncx nnxamnm pyrom Hymxnna, y xoroporo no+r otuno ocranannnnancx, npnesxax n Mocxny. Tyr cronr nanomnnrt, uro cam Hanen Bonnonnu n Mocxne omon ne nmen, a cnnman nx. Tax, n xonne 1820-x roon on cnnman om ram, re xnnn ero npexn na yrny Hamoxnncxoro n Iarapnncxoro nepeynxon, ecnn cunrart no nepnomy om 2/4, no nropomy 4/2. B XIX nexe +rn mecra nastnann no crapnnxe y Cnnnena Bpaxxa (napnanr na Cnnnenom Bpaxxe), noromy uro pxom tn onpar (npaxex), no xoropomy nporexna peuxa Cnnxa. Hastnann ee rax noromy, uro noa n ne tna rpxsnax (cnnax). Cama ona nnaana n nerenapnt pyue uepropt (no nerene, npoptrt ueprxmn), o xoropom yxe mna peut. Hanomnnm, ero mecrnocrt uepronte ona ns camtx saraountx n mncrnuecxnx reppnropn Mocxnt. Ceuac +ro Hpeuncrenxa. Hasnanne nomno or nxont Hpeuncro ent Mapnn. omnnanramn ceronxmnero paona Hpeuncrenxn Ofpepakfupoean u onynukoean ua cafe : PRESSI ( HERSON ) cnyxar nononosneennt xpam Xpncra Cnacnrenx n Myse nsopasnrentntx ncxyccrn nmenn Hymxnna na Bonxonxe. ecrnnrentno, xomy xe cnacart reppnropnm or neuncroro yxa, xax ne xpamam Bept n Hcxyccrna? Ho no npemena, xora Hanen Hamoxnn nocennncx n Hamoxnncxom nepeynxe na Hpeuncrenxe, ne cymecrnonano eme nn xpama Xpncra Cnacnrenx, nn rem naue Mysex ncxyccrn. A nor peuxa Cnnxa yxe tna saxnmuena n rpyy oxono Apara, rax uro rpxsn n paone noyannnoct. Mecro tno rnxoe, no ymrnoe. B rocrenpnnmnt om Hanna Bonnonnua npnesxann uacrte rocrn. 3aesxan cma x pyry n Hymxnn nocne roro, xax nepnyncx ns cctnxn n 1826 roy. Onn pyxnnn c ercrna. Hanen tn na na roa mname Hymxnna (ponncx n 1801 roy), yunncx n Hapcxocentcxom nnnee nmecre c mnamnm parom no+ra. B ornnune or Hymxnntx cemecrno Hamoxnntx tno oraro. Oren Hanna npocnannennt renepan, onacxan monapme mnnocrtm. Ho ctnox or nero mano nsxn tn nsanonan marymxo, no ncem emy noraxanme. Heapom Hanen nonyunn or cronnuno sonoro monoexn nposnanne opnrnnana, a npome ronopx, manonax. uynn n Herepypre n xax rontxo cnon myrouxn-ro ntymtnan?! Hepeexan or marepn n cnon cemnte anapramenrt n nanxn n nopenxne xapnnxa. Orctnan ero snaxomtm n. noapounom yxere. 3anecyr raxo orpomnt yxer n rocrnnym, a ns nero, xax ueprnx ns raaxepxn, xapna ntcxounr n camom ]anracrnuecxom napxe. cnoe eno: myxunnt n moxe, amt n omopoxe. A n 1821 roy Hamoxnn ycrponn n nonce xynnrancxym ntxoxy: nocnopnn c nnxnm rycapom Hynnntm, nnocnecrnnn snamennrtm exapncrom, uro ror ocmennrcx npocxaxart na xone no Hencxomy narnmom. Tax perep Hynnn napn ntnrpan. Hpana, npxmo na rnannom npocnexre cronnnt ero n sapann n yuacrox ronoro, no onontnoro, net ntnrptm roro cronn. Koneuno, cxanan samxnn, no nor rora-ro pocrnennnxn nsxnn cyty ecnyrnoro manonax Hamoxnna n cnon pyxn onpeennnn Hanna n apmnm, n Hsmanoncxn nonx. Onaxo opnrnnan Hamoxnn n n npnnnnernponannom nonxy ne saepxancx. B 1823 roy n orcranxy ntmen n cnona nauan xyponecnrt. Honen xnsnt ypnym n ecmaamnym. Cnxn nent ent+rax n orpomnom ome na uonranxe, xya n costnan rocre-npnxrene. Hounte xaprounte nrpt nepexonnn n nonoxn, xyrexn n xarantx no nounomy Hencxomy n xaperax, orenanntx sonorom. Hpana, sarynt uacrentxo cmenxnnct no+rnuecxnmn neuepamn, a eccmtcnennte rpart mepo narornopnrentnocrtm na ena ncxyccrna (xax ormeuann conpemennnxn): Hanen nomoran mnornm nnreparopam n xyoxnnxam. Cam on ncxyccrnamn ne sannmancx, no ymen nectma xpacouno paccxastnart. Ho ero paccxasam Hymxnn nanncan yponcxoro n omnx n Konomne. A Ioront nocnxrnn Hamoxnny necxontxo rnan ns nropo uacrn Meprntx ym. Cam xe Hanen Bonnonnu ronopnn o cee: uenonex pasnonactmennt: n optx en sanonna, n crpamnt mor n xyrnna. Ho, nnno, nrpt c xnntmn nmtmn Hamoxnny naoenn, n nsxncx on sa nrpy n. xyxnt. Hauan cosanart cee nxonnnnym nrpymxy xyxontnt omnx. Touno neonrpan n ercrne. omnx oycrpannan xax yro on peantnt. Moxer, noromy, uro cocrnennoro oma y Hamoxnna nnxora ne tno onn cemnte. Bor n pemnn xort manentxn, no CBOH cocrnennt, no cnoemy ycmorpennm no ncem oycrpoennt. Ftn ror omnx-xpomeuxa ntcoro n na apmnna (oxono 142 canrnmerpon) co crexnxnntmn crenamn urot nnno, uro nnyrpn. Hacroxmn crexnxnnt samox, oomemncx, mexy npounm, n 40 rtcxu. 3a +axne-ro entrn moxno tno na peantntx oma xynnrt! Tontxo net n peantntx-ro nce no uyxomy nxycy ycrpoeno, a ryr nce no ero yer Hamoxnncxomy! Bnpouem, eme ony nepcnm noxnnennx omnxa-nrpymeuxn oocnonan pyr Hamoxnna n Hymxnna nx ponecnnx, nsnecrnt nncarent-pomanrnx Anexcanp Bentrman, o ]anracrnuecxo cyte xoroporo mt ronopnnn n xnnre Mocxna mncrnuecxax. Tax nor n cnoe mocxoncxo pomanrnuecxo nonecrn He om, a nrpymeuxa! Bentrman paccxasan, uro om na yrny Iarapnncxoro n Hamoxnncxoro nepeynxon, xya nepeexan Hanen Bonnonnu, na camom ene cocroxn ns nyx craptx omon. A n xaxom ns nnx xnno no eymxe- omonomy. Ho xora oa oma nont xosxnn oennnn n onn, omonte crann ccopnrtcx, ntxcnxx, xro renept rnannee. Onn xpnuan: !, no net n nropo ro xe camoe. H nor onee ymnomy eymxe npnmna n ronony mtcnt nnymnrt xosxnny (ro ecrt Hamoxnny), uro nennoxo tno t ycrponrt y cex xyxontnt omnx. Vx re omono raxo nnen, nensnecrno. Ho pasmeurancx ymnt eymxa, uro craner cnona na oma (ontmo, a n nem manentxn), n rora y xaxoro omonoro yer cnoe mecro. Vx xax on oxcnnn +ro Hamoxnny, neneomo. Ho pesyntrar nannno Hanen Bonnonnu nsxncx sa oycrpocrno xyxontnoro oma. Cpecrn, xoneuno, ne noxanen. Ha nepnom +raxe ycrponn xnnte noxon, orenannte cnonno no nopne: non ntnoxen mosanuntm napxerom, crent ro mpamopnte, ro onrte sonortm mro]om, xpyrom mnxpocxonnuecxne xaprnnt n cxyntnrypxn, nnnorexa c xpomeuntmn ntnnmammnmncx xnnramn, nntxp c mapamn n xnxmn. Ha nropom +raxe rannenantnax sana c rpemx cepepxntmn nmcrpamn, mnorouncnenntmn xanenxpamn na manaxnrontx nocranxax. Hocpenne oeennt cron, cepnnponannt na 60 nepcon, n antnem yrny nomepnte cronnxn c xpoxorntmn xonoamn xapr. Ftno ram axe xpoxornoe ]oprennanne, na xoropom moxno nrpart, naxnmax na xnannmn nxsantntmn cnnnamn. axe o nnnnom norpee Hanen nosaornncx: nnnsy n nonane n orxptrtx xmnxax nomecrnn manmcentxne yrtnxn, no c peantntmn nannrxamn. Bcm ocranonxy onro conpan no uacrxm: uro-ro npnnes, uro-ro saxasan co ncero mnpa ns upannnn, Iepmannn, Ionnannn n axe Knrax. He npocro xyxontnt om nx nrpt nx xnsnn. om meurt Hanna Hamoxnna. A moxer, npana, n ero omonoro. Bet romy rouno noxonn pasmep omnxa-nrpymeuxn. Ho xro t mor noymart, uro +ra nrpymxa ne npocro cnpononnpyer nonecrt-cxasxy Bentrmana, no n oxaxer nnnxnne na peantnym xnsnt Hanna Hamoxnna!.. Opacrax peantno ocranonxo, omnx-xpomeuxa operan n cocrnennt xapaxrep. Hepntm samernn +ro nesecymn Hymxnn. Eme o cnatt Anexcanp nauan nocropxenno pacnnctnart Harann sauaponanmym ero nrpymxy pyra. uro sa nocneunnxn, uro sa cepnns! nocxnmancx Hymxnn, onnctnax omnx Hamoxnna n nnctme x xene, on saxasan ]oprentxno, na xoropom moxno yer nrpart nayxy B pyrom nnctme Hymxnn nocxnnnan: omnx Hamoxnna oneen o conepmencrna neocraer rontxo xnntx uenoneuxon. H onn noxnnnnct! Hanen saxasan na Herepyprcxom Hmneparopcxom ]ap]oponom sanoe ]nrypxn Hymxnna, Ioronx, camoro cex, ny n, xoneuno, npenecrntx am. Bcex pasmecrnn n ome cnoe meurt nycrt xnnyr na cuacrte, pasne emy xanxo? Ofpepakfupoean u onynukoean ua cafe : PRESSI ( HERSON ) Cam xe Hymxnn, xnno n sopont, uacro rocrnn y Hanna n 18311833 roax, xnn n oxono mro-nocrouno xomnare, ymrno n cnerno. Ho rnannoe ouent renno, c nymx xa]entntmn neuamn, net n Hymxnn, n Hamoxnn tnn rennonmnnt (cxastnannct nrantxncxne n a]pnxancxne xopnn). Ouent rennt om! nocxnmannct ouennnt. Hymxnny ram tno ymrno. Heapom no+r uacrentxo ronapnnan, uro no nce Mocxne rontxo Hamoxnn n nmnr ero no-nacroxmemy. Heynnnrentno, uro 18 ]enpanx 1831 roa Hanen Hamoxnn npncyrcrnonan na cnate Hymxnna n Harann Ionuapono. Bnpouem, nnmnen rora tn ne onn Hymxnn. Hanen Bonnonnu nosnaxomnncx n Mocxne n snamennrom pecropane p na Kysnenxom Mocry (om 9/10) c Ontro Conarono, oueptm snamennro ntrancxo nennnt Cremn, xoropo nocroprancx Hymxnn. Kpacannna Ontra Anpeenna, xax n ee nerenapnax marymxa, nena n nsnecrnemem mocxoncxom ntrancxom xope Hntn Coxonona. Homnnre
Coxononcxn xop y pa Ftn xora-ro snamennr. Coxononcxax rnrapa o cnx nop n ymax snennr.
Bor n ymy Hamoxnna onopoxnna npenecrnax Ontra. Koneuno, onenuartcx tno nenosmoxno nx pasnnno connantnoe nonoxenne, no nnmnennte saxnnn nmecre. V nnx ponnnct ern. ouxy nasnann Anexcanpo n uecrt Hymxnna. Ho+r axe cran ee xpecrntm ornom. a nor necuacrte enouxa npocrynnact, saonena n ymepna n nmne 1831 roa. Ctnox Hannyma roxe cnntno onen. Ha oxropon n nexapcrna rpeonannct entrn. K romy xe Hanen Bonnonnu, xenax xort xax-ro yremnrt necuacrnym Ontry, sanannn ee noapxamn, napxamn, paronennocrxmn. Onaxt axe xynnn sonouent +xnnax. Bce +ro axe y raxoro oraua, xax Hamoxnn, nponno pemt n mxere. Ontra pemnna nomout, xax ymena ntrancxo marne. c tnano ntranxo noconeronanact, onaxt nporonopnna ona. H nor uro ra mne cxasana: Tno Hanen noome moxer nnxora ne ecnoxonrtcx o cpecrnax. On xe cosan cocrnennt mnp, nycrt n cornopnr cee neunoe orarcrno. Hamoxnn ycmexnyncx: Hpo uro +ro nt, ntranxn, mne ronopnre? He nomy nnxax. Menx axe mamentxa ns sanemannx ntxnnyna ne npannncx e mo opas xnsnn. Tax uro orarcrn x nnorxya ne xy. Ho Ontra noxasana na xyxontnt omnx, croxnmn na crone n nenrpe sant: Pas rt sect cymen cornopnrt nent mnp, rax cornopn cee orarcrno! Hanen ynnnncx: Ho xax? Ontra yntnynact: urot entrn ne nepenonnnct, nonoxn no om xynmpy noxpynnee! Hanen ]tpxnyn: a y menx ncero 100 pyne ocrannct, n re norparnrt naono! Htranxa cnepxnyna uepntmn rnasnmamn: Knan, ena, uro ronopm! Hycrt xort ent nonexar. Hy a yx ecnn nenmorory craner, n rt nce-raxn entrn nostmemt ns nepntx xe cpecrn, uro npnyr, cpasy nosmecrnrt nao! Hanen nonoxnn xynmpy no nnme omnxa n uepes napy ne nonyunn nexannoe nacnecrno. C rex nop rax n nomno: xax entrn noxoxr x xonny, noxnnxmrcx nno nexannte cpecrna or pocrnennnxon, nno pystx oramr crapnnnt onr, nno cam Hanen ntnrptnaer n xaprt. Bnpouem, ]aprnno ne ncera. B xaprt on nrpan cront pasopnrentno, a sanpoct y nero oxastnannct cront nennxn, uro axe ntrancxax marnx sa nnmn ne nocnenana. H rora Hamoxnn naunnan pacnpoanart cnon orarte xonnexnnn monert, xaprnnt, ]ap]op, ponsy, no uyo-omnx eper. Xononmn ou: nna1a sa npoannanne Bopomuuuoecuu nepeyuou, 12 (umue eauepea o+ Hauouuua) Ho x 1834 roy ns rennoro oma na Cnnnenom Bpaxxe npnmnoct cexart. Kax, nouemy renept ne ysnaemt. 3aro nsnecrno pyroe c Ontro Hamoxnn pasomencx, n n nont mocxoncxn om n Bopornnxoncxom nepeynxe nepeexan yxe es nee, xort n c ctnom Hannyme. Htranxa Ontra nepnynact n xop, ny a nenyrent Hanen Bonnonnu cran nce uame naesxart n Herepypr. Hy n rax yx ntmno, uro ram 2 xnnapx 1834 roa on xennncx na ennne Bepe Anexcanponne. V ro tna crpamnax cyta: ona xnnxnact nesaxonnopoxenno oueptm antnero pocrnennnxa Hanna Bonnonnua Anexcanpa Hamoxnna. H npnxnn ror ee or xpenocrno xpecrtxnxn. H nor ro nn yx noxanen Hanen ennny, ro nn pemnn, uro out xpenocrno ne yer nmert x nemy nnxaxnx nperensn n nnuem ne orpannunr ero cnooy, no rontxo nsxn on ee n saxonnte cynpyrn. H nao cxasart, ne nporaan. Bepa nn n uem myxy ne nepeunna, n ror xnn cnonno xonocro. axe n Mocxny on xeny ne npnnes, ocrannn n Herepypre. Xnnnme n Bopornnxoncxom nepeynxe, 12, nns Tpnym]antno nnoman tno axe xom]opraentnee, uem n Cnnnenom Bpaxxe. Hepeynox tn crpannemn no Mocxne. Eme xora rontxo nocrponnn Kpemnt, n rom nepeynxe nocennnnct ero xnmuapn re, xro saxptnan na nout nopora Kpemnx, a norom n nosnnxmero Fenoro ropoa. Cnonom, mecro xnsnn nourennemnx n orartx. Heapom onrarenn +rnx mecr xoco cmorpenn na ecnyrnoro manonax. Tor n nposnan cno om xonontm. Ho npnntuex cnonx Hanen n ryr ne cmennn. pystx cesxannct n ero xneocontnt om uyrt ne co nce Poccnn. Hpnesxan n Hymxnn ns Herepypra. B mae 1836 roa Hymxnn tn n rocrxx y Hamoxnna, onxrt nocxnmancx omnxom-nrpymeuxo n xro t snan, uro n nocnenn pas o rparnuecxo y+nn tno yxe pyxo noart Ofpepakfupoean u onynukoean ua cafe : PRESSI ( HERSON )
om Hamoxnna
Hocne cmeprn pyra Hanen nosnenannen cnom nrpymxy. Cnnmxom oruernnno ra nanomnnana o cuacrnnntx npemenax, xora onn c Hymxnntm oycrpannann omnx n meurann noapnrt ero Harante Hnxonaenne! Fenxra Hanen n ne ocosnan, xax cxnarnn xouepry, pemnn pasnecrn om n menxn. Ho ynnen npyr ]nrypxy no+ra, cnoxono cnxmero n nrpymeuno nnnorexe, n pyxa ne nonxnact. Fontme roro, noymanoct: a net pyr Camxa xnn, noxa xnner n +rom nonmenom ome!.. B ocot rannx omnxa Hamoxnn nonoxnn neotunt rpaypnt ranncman. eno n rom, uro, xora no+r ymep, Hamoxnn nmecre c nymx pyrnmn nnxamnmn pystxmn Hymxnna, no otuam roro npemenn, pasennnn mexy coo n snax neuno namxrn rpn nocnenne xynmpt, xoropte nexann n ymaxnnxe no+ra. 3ro tnn rpn 25-pynenxn, n pystx nanncann na nnx ro, ent, uncno n uac cmeprn Hymxnna. Bnocnecrnnn Hanny anann ontmne entrn sa +ry cmeprnym 25-pynenxy, no on, xort n uacro naxoxct na menn, ee ne npoan. Hocne cmeprn Hymxnna Hamoxnny crano rxxeno axe xnnxrtcx n Herepypr, n on oxonuarentno nepepancx n Mocxny. 3ect ero npnnnexno ocene nennannoe mncrnuecxoe ecrnne: crononepuenne c ntstnannem yxon. H Hanen nauan ntstnart yx nesanennoro pyra Hymxnna. Onaxo pyr nouemy-ro ne npnxonn. Hanen ynonn ycnnnx. Hauan npononrt ceanct n cnoem ome n ro camo sane, re pacnonarancx xyxontnt om. Onaxt nponsomno neoxnannoe. Kora Hanen nauan ntstnart yx Hymxnna, ]ap]oponax cxyntnrypxa no+ra, cnoxono cnenmax n omnxe, npyr nonannnact na non. Hcnyrannt Hanen cuen +ro nexopomnm snaxom n npexparnn ceanct crononepuennx. On cxer nce ymarn n axe ocnxrnn cnom xnaprnpy. Tax omnx cnona npoxnnn cno xapaxrep, sanpernn xosxnny sannmartcx cnnpnrnsmom. Hpana, nmontrnt Hamoxnn ryr xe nsxncx sa anxnmnm cran esnrt x xaxomy-ro oxropy-uepnoxnnxnnxy n Coxontnnxn. Anxnmnx ynepxn ero, uro moxer enart pynnt npn nynnom cnere. H axe xax-ro npoemoncrpnponan Hamoxnny cnoe ymenne: saxan xynax ero neno pyxn, norom pasxan, n na naonn Hamoxnna noxnnncx ontmo ant xament. Hyxno rontxo eme 10 rtcxu, urot xynnrt neoxonmte marnuecxne rpant! npomenran anxnmnx. Hopaxennt Hanen nooeman npnnesrn entrn, a marnuecxn pynn sapan omo. Honoxnn na oeennt cron n xyxontnom omnxe, saxer nce cepepxnte nmcrpt n manaxnronte xanenxpt, urot nonmonartcx na pynnont cner. a rontxo npn cnere namoxnncxoro omnxa pynn nouemy-ro nauan ntnnerart. Hanen nacropoxnncx n pemnn nooxart necxontxo ne ener ne nosnrt, a pynn paccmorpert nonyume. Bnpouem, uepes napy ne ne yrepnen noexan n Coxontnnxn. Ho oxasanoct, uro sa +ro npemx nonnnnx yxe apecronana anxnmnxa sa mnorouncnennte momennnuecrna. Bnno, mnnmt uepnoxnnxnnx ntntrannnan entrn ne y onoro Hamoxnna. Bnpouem, Hanny eme nonesno. Hnn ero onxrt cnac omnx?.. Onaxo ena Hamoxnna, npnntxmero xnrt na mnpoxym nory, nopaccrponnnct. Hpana, n ryr cnyuannct manentxne uyeca. B ony ns xomnar cnoero omnxa Hamoxnn eme anno nomecrnn ]nrypxy crapnnnoro npnxrenx Anexcanpa Crenanonnua Koxomnna, c xoroptm neceno xyrnn n mnocrn. Ho oxasanoct, uro x spenomy nospacry Koxomnn ocrenennncx, cxonnn xannran n nauan sannmartcx narnmn enamn anan nnmnm o]nnepam no 5 pyne, a mrac-o]nnepam no 10. Onaxt, xora npnmna xpanxx nyxa, Hamoxnn n ncnomnnn o npnxrene: uro x on y menx n omnxe apom xnner? Hycrt onnaunnaer npoxnnanne! H uro t nt ymann? Forau ecrnnrentno cran perynxpno anart Hamoxnny entrn. Byrnn: Ha npoxnnanne! A net +ro tno npano. omnx saornncx o cnoem xosxnne ns nocnennx cnn. Ho onaxt Hanen Bonnonnu nocrynnn xpane onpomerunno: norparnn nocnenmm xynmpy, ntnyrym ns-no nnma omnxa, a xora cnona nonyunn entrn, ne nosmecrnn rpart. To nn cpecrn ne xnarano, ro nn on yxe nosatn o naxase ntranxn. H cnyunnoct crpamnoe noxanonann xpenropt. Hpnmnoct Hamoxnny cxpenx cepne sanoxnrt cno uyo-omnx mocxoncxomy norapnycy Hnporony sa 12 rtcxu. Koneuno, Hanen naexncx ntxynnrt cnoe coxponnme, conpan entrn. Vxe c 1851 roa on axe nepeexan na enym xnaprnpy mexy Honoxonmmenntm n 1-m Heonannmoncxnm nepeynxamn y nepxnn Heonannmo Kynnnt nns ennutero nonx. Ho nce crapannx nonpannrt ena oxasannct rmerntmn. B 1854 roy Hanen Bonnonnu Hamoxnn ymep, rax n ne cymen nepnyrt cnoe uyo omnx-xpomeuxy. Hoxoponnnn Hamoxnna na Barantxoncxom xnanme. omnx xe rax n ocrancx n pyxax norapnyca. Ho n romy ne npnnec ntrot onro ne xoren npoanartcx, noxa ero ne xynnn anrnxnap Bonxon, sa nnm nexn apxnrexrop, xoropt oxnan ontmo saxas or ropoa. Ho saxasa ne nocneonano. Cnonom, uyo-omnx ne xenan nomorart nontm xosxenam! Ha uerneprt nexa on noome sarepxncx n onapyxnncx rontxo yxe n nauane XX nexa n xonnexnnn xyoxnnxon parten Ianxmxnntx. Onn orpecranpnponann crapnnnoe uyo n n 1910 roy noxasann na ntcranxe. Ho omnx cencannn ne ntsnan, n noromy nocrpancrnonan eme necxontxo ner nanepnoe, ncxan xosxnna. He nax nnxoro, on ocen n Mysee A.C. Hymxnna n Herepypre nce-raxn Hymxnn tn emy ne uyxo. Tax camtm nenepoxrntm opasom ncnonnnnoct crpacrnoe xenanne cemtn Hymxnntx nmert +ro nonmenoe coxponnme. B nauane XXI nexa uyo-nrpymxy npnnesnn na ntcranxy n peantnt om Hanna Bonnonnua n Mocxne ntne ranepem om Hamoxnna. H nauanoct neoxcnnmoe: n Ofpepakfupoean u onynukoean ua cafe : PRESSI ( HERSON ) peantntx crenax uro-ro nstxano n nocryxnnano, a nomemennx omnxa orstnannct remn xe rocxnnntmn snyxamn. Bnno, omnx noxastnan, uro nce eme cxyuaer no cnoemy nacroxmemy xosxnny. Hopasnrentnax ncropnx, nepno? Otuno nmn pasenxmr cyty c pontmn n nnsxnmn, nnora npocro c nesnaxomnamn. Ho +ro npnmep roro, xax cyta uenonexa oxasanact camtm poxontm opasom cnxsana c nrpymxo. Hnn ona tna cnxsana c xaxnmn-ro cnnamn mocxoncxnx ynnn n nepeynxon? He spx xe aymxa moe nopyrn xonna na ynnny uypmanona, ro ecrt n nepeynox Hamoxnna. 3auem? Moxer, noxynax nrpymeunt omnx, ona xorena npnxocnyrtcx x ro cnne, uro onee nexa nasa naronpnxrcrnonana cosannm namoxnncxoro xyxontnoro omnxa? Mypax aymxa xorena nonyunrt uacrt ro nennnmo, no neuno cnnt, xoropym pasynna nexora ntrancxax marnx. Heapom xe crapymxa nonoxnna no xyxontnt omnx nnyuxn xynmpy, xax +ro enan nexora Hamoxnn, nayuennt ntranxo. Tontxo no npomecrnnn mnornx ner x nonxna saymxy crapymxn. Bet nocne ee nonropennx crapnnntx marnuecxnx ecrnn cemtx Hapouxn n nnpxmt ntnnact ns enocrn ponrenn moe nopyrn nonyunnn sarpannunym xomannponxy, n xoropo cymenn nonaxonnrt ener. a n cama aymxa ntrono omenxna nx crapoe xnnte na onee xom]opraentnoe. Ho net rora xyxontnt omnx tn neocxraemo nrpymxo, ne ro uro renept. Tax, moxer, rem, xro ceuac meuramr ntpartcx ns enocrn, cronr noconeronart ecrnonart xax ra mypax aymxa? Kynnrt xyxontnt omnx, oycrponrt ero n noxonrt-norynxrt no namoxnncxnm mecram, a nyume ncero nocroxrt na yrny Hamoxnncxoro n Iarapnncxoro nepeynxon. Tam, npnannennt orpomntmn conpemenntmn eronntmn sannxmn- xopoxamn, eme coxpannncx nyx+raxnt ]nnrenex peantnt rennt om, re Hanen Bonnonnu onpoonan enexnym marnm nx cnoero ranoro omnxa ymn. Hpnspaunmn nop Xnsnt ynana, xax sapnnna, Kax n craxan not pecnnna. Hsonranmnct na xopnm, Hnxoro x ne nnnm O. Mauoe.iuma+
Kora rponneyc N 1 npoesxan mnmo Hymxnncxo nnoman, x ycntmana cannennt menor: Fepern cymxy! Fepern cymxy! ncrpenenynact: xaxo snaxomt pe]pen. Touno rax mox aymxa ncera menrana mne, oxct, uro n rpancnopre xro-nnyt nno oeper menx, nno nopexer cymxy. Ho na +ror pas ne mox, a utx-ro uyxax aymxa-oxn oynanunx eprana ro nn nnyuxy, ro nn yxe npannyuxy sa pyxy. enuymxa ner nenanarn pannoymno xenana xnauxy, ne opamax nn na xoro nnnmannx. Fepern cymxy! cnona nsenact axa. Mano nn uro! Bpyr onxrt Bneep mntpxer! Cnonocoueranne Bneep mntpxer ntmno raxnm ]axrypntm, uro cpasy pesanyno cnyx n sanomnnnoct. Ho enuymxe tno ne o ncxxnx ram mnnxmnx na m. Ona rontxo nennno npoopmorana: B rpoy x nnana rnoero Bneepa! Fepern cymxy! sayuenno nonropnna axa, nponycxax mnmo yme rpyym nnronannm enouxn. H npyr xaxo-ro crapnuox, croxnmn no npanym pyxy or menx, nonepnyncx x axe n npoxpnuan: He nonnyrect! Bneep anno ymep! A nt ero n rpoy nnann? npoxpnuana axa, ntcynynmnct c neno cropont. Hnuno x ner! H nnxro ne nnen! Onn eme necxontxo mnnyr nepepyrnnannct uepes menx, a mne ocrananoct rontxo ronono xpyrnrt, rnxx ro n cropony axn, ro crapnxa. Hao t ororn or rpexa noantme. Ho xax? Hmn n rponneyce nnorno npnxart pyr x pyry. Btx ns rpancnopra, x nce ymana: o xaxom Bneepe onn ncnomnnann? Bneep mntpxer nnn Bneep mntpxer xax ronopnna axa? Horom ne pas n ne na npnmnoct mne ycntmart, xax nmn crapmero nospacra, ne onapyxnn nocne noesxn n omecrnennom rpancnopre xomentxa nnn ymaxnnxa, ronapnnann: Onxrt Bneep mntpxer! Hmontrcrno nsxno nepx x crana ncxart, xro raxo +ror Bneep. H uro raxoe mntpxrt nnn mntpxrt. Oxasanoct, mntpxrt snaunr erart, pasnetnart, ntcmarpnnart c xaxo-ro (otuno nenpnrnxno) nentm. Hmenno rax onpeenxercx +ro ecrnne n nerenapnom Cnonape anx. A mntpxrt +ro cornart, cramnrt, xopoue cnepert uro-ro. Vxpacrt. To ecrt erart- ntcmarpnnart uro-ro, at norom yxpacrt. Ho rora xro raxo +ror Bneep? Hnrepner ryr xe ycnyxnnno nocxasan, uro +ro: 1) cpenenexont ropo na Pene; 2) coxpamennoe nasnanne crapnnnoro coopa +roro ropoxa. Ho pasne Hnrepner ncera npan? Hnuyrt ne tnano! Ham Bneep nnonne xnno uenonex. To ecrt, xoneuno, tn raxontm. Hanen Kapnonnu Bneep, nmenonanmn cex axe aponom, cntn nnpryosnemnm a]epncrom n mor ouncrnrt nmoro. Bor rontxo xnn ce apon no nropo nononnne XIX nexa. Ho xax xe on mor t nperenonart na cymxy enuonxn, exanme n rponneyce nauana nexa XXI?! Tannmn nropnmn ou, nnn Hocneona1enn poxauonn Vuuua Mapoceua, 4 Ofpepakfupoean u onynukoean ua cafe : PRESSI ( HERSON ) Boome-ro Bneep, necrxmn cnercxn momennnx, paoran no-xpynnomy n c pasmaxom. H nnxaxnm rpancnoprntm nopnmxo, npoe, ne tn. K xonny XIX nexa mnp noome saxnecrnyna nonna epsxnx, no +neranrntx a]ep. H mano xro nomnnr, uro nepntmn na +rom nyrn tnn nmenno namn poccncxne nonxaun. 3ra ranncrnennax oprannsannx ecxrt ner yopaxnna noopaxenne otnarene. Iasert c yonontcrnnem cmaxonann cnyuan, xoropte moxno tno t e npnnncart. Ocoo npnnnexann cnyxn o rom, uro n ee pxax mnoro nme ns omecrna. Ho ononnnno nnxro nnuero ne snan. Bce nauanoct c xanpt. Croxna ocent 1867 roa. oxnnnax Mocxna nacmypno xmypnnact, ne snax, uem sanxrtcx. Cnercxne meronn, xyneuecxne ctnxn, ornptcxn cocroxrentntx otnarene pasronxnn xanpy na ynnne Mapocexe n ome N 4 (or cepennt XX nexa o 1990 roa mocxnnun snann ee xax ynnny Forana Xmentnnnxoro), npnnanexanmem monoomy xynny Hnnoxenrnm Cnmonony. Ooporncrt xynen ycrponn y cex rant ]emeneentnt opent nx pasnneuennx nspanntx. Hpn nem nropnt om. Ho n sa senentmn cronamn tno cxyuno. H nor onaxt nocne nroporo xmnxa ntnnroro mamnancxoro Cnmonon npenoxnn cosart xny nonxaue n momennnxon. He urot rpanrt n ynnart ynacn Foxe! Ho urot xort uem-ro nonecennrtcx. On nanomnnn pasropxuenntm mnnam o cepnn montx pomanon mecte Honcona m Teppanx, paccxastnammnx o noxoxennxx nonect Poxamonx, n mnnt pemnnn sanecrn cocrnennoe ranoe omecrno. Hasnanne nsxnn y uertpex mynepcxnx xapr. Tax ponncx Kny uepnonntx naneron.
Vnnna Mapocexa, om 4/2, crp. 1
B npecearenn ntpann Hanna Kapnonnua Bneepa. Tor tn ctnom nourennoro renepana, nmen +xonomnuecxoe opasonanne n ntne cnyxnn n Mocxoncxom ropocxom xpenrnom omecrne. Kax n nce nonect, on tn mono, npana, ronopxr, yxe crynan no cxontsxo opoxxe: onannunn noentnt nexcent. Ho xro ne es rpexa? Tem onee uro nnnt Hanna Kapnonnua oxasart ne yanoct. Ha onxnocrt xaccnpa roxe namencx yano monoen nrpox n xyrnna Anexce Oront-oranoncxn. V roro asapr tn n xponn. Oren ero, Bacnnn Cemenonnu, npo]eccnonantnt nrpox, yxnrpnncx ocentm 1830 roa ntnrpart y camoro Hymxnna ax 30 rtcxu, n npn +rom ocrartcx c no+rom n npnxrentcxnx ornomennxx. Hymxnn axe cenan Bacnnnx npoopasom uexannncxoro ns Hnxono amt, a Ioront nepennaunn ero ]amnnnm nx cnoero roponnuero Cxnosnnx-myxanoncxoro ns Pennsopa Cnom exrentnocrt nanert nauann c rananrntx pasnneuenn. Hapxxaxct n uepnte emonnuecxne xocrmmt, nyrann am, ntraxct nx nonenonart n ntxnarnrt nepuarxy nnn nnarouex. Cptnann xorenxn c npnnosnnnmnxcx nyrnnxon. Ho +rn menxne npoenxn tcrpo npnennct. Pemnnn noymart o uem-ro onee saxnrarentnom. K romy npemenn xny yxe paspoccx, sanex ]nnnant n pasntx ropoax Poccnn. K 1874 roy nacunrtnanoct nourn nonrtcxun naneron, cpen xoroptx tno mnoro unnonnnxon n cnyxamnx, ocoenno nouronoro neomcrna. H xnrpen Bneep pemnn nmenno c nx nomomtm npncrynnrt x xpynno nrpe, paccunranno uyrt ne na ro. Onepannm nauann 22 anrycra 1874 roa n Cmonencxe. Tam na noure yxe ontme mecxna ntnnncx cynyx c rorontm nnartem, onenennt n 950 pyne. Cymma noctnxn tna snaunrentno, n rem onee crpanno, uro sa ne nnxro ne npnxonn. Kora cpox xpanennx ncrex, ntsnann nonnnecxnx n pemnnn ncxptrt cynyx. Vnnennax xaprnna ncex omapamnna. B ontmom cynyxe oxasancx mentmn, n nem concem xpoxornt. Hnxaxnx rorontx nnarten ram ne onapyxnnoct. 3aro n rpertem cynyuxe nexana pommpa Bocnomnnanne o nmneparpnne Exarepnne Bropo no cnyuam orxptrnx e namxrnnxa. Houronnxn c nonnnecxnmn npnmnn n xpocrt: xaxo-ro myrnnx, norexn pan, ntcnan nnorcxne noctnxn a eme n ne sapan nx?! Hponenn osnanne: pommpa oxasanact nsana conepmenno nerantno n mocxoncxo rnnorpa]nn. Hpana, npoananact ona nnoxo, nocxontxy nepnonoannnuecxnx uyncrn noxynarenn ne nsxnnnn. H noromy rnnorpa]nx tna paa ne rnxx ctrt rnpax xaxomy-ro rocnonny. Cnonom, eno saxptnn. Onaxo uepes napy neent ntxcnnnoct, uro uyrt ne nce nouronte orenennx crpant oxasannct sananenntmn cynyxamn c Bocnomnnannxmn o nmneparpnne. Cmtcn a]ept pacxptncx ne cpasy. Oxasanoct, uro noura, onennnax cymmy sa nepectnxy n crpaxonanne rpysa, ntanana pacnncxy na repono ymare. Hy a reponte ymarn-pacnncxn moxno tno sanoxnrt n anx n nonyunrt o 75 nponenron or npocrannenno n nnx cronmocrn. uro n cenann uepnonnte nanert no nce crpane, nonyunn xnnte entrn. H mexy npounm, cymma napanoct nemanax nonropt rtcxun, no rem npemenam xannran! Ho uro camoe nopasnrentnoe: ecrnnx tnn nponeent n pamxax saxona. Bce nonnmann, uro +ro a]epa necrxmax n ocrpoymnax, no nenaxasyemax. ou renepan-ryepna1opa, nnn Bennxan aqepa Vuuua 1eepcuaa, 13 Iennantnax xomnnannx nponsnena nneuarnenne na nect xpnmnnantnt mnp. Em nocxnrnnact cama napnna noponcxnx a]ep Co]tx Fnmnmren, onee nsnecrnax n mnpoxnx xpyrax xax Contxa 3onorax Pyuxa. Ionopxr, mexy ne n Bneepom axe cnyunncx poman. Moxer, noxnonnennt nmenno nm nncrarentnt ym Bneepa n paspaoran Bennxym a]epy ry camym, uro nocnyxnr opasnom nx momennnxon ncero mnpa na nce npemena. Ofpepakfupoean u onynukoean ua cafe : PRESSI ( HERSON ) Hnan tn epsxn, n ocymecrnnrt ero cneonano xonnexrnnno n crpemnrentno. Bneep oxnnn naneram, uro sayman yrepert noc nenanncrntm anrnnuamxam n npoart nm om mocxoncxoro renepan-ryepnaropa. Pasymeercx, ]nxrnnno ro-ro cmexy yer! H nor n nauane 1875 roa n Mocxne nponsomnn na conepmenno nesnaunrentntx cotrnx. Bo-nepntx, rpynna uepnonntx naneron orxptna n nenrpe na 2- Tnepcxo-mcxo ynnne neontmym, no pocxomnym norapnantnym xonropy mnenap y nepn, napa nonxnx crpxnunx sa xonropxamn, cron nx xnnenron ax c nosonouenntmn uepnnntnnnamn. Hpana, paspemennx y ropocxnx nnacre ne tno ncnpomeno. Ho ero n ne norpeonanoct, no n nonnnnm nocrynnno saxnnenne, uro osnauennax xonropa ncero nnmt xny no nnrepecam nx copannx norapnantntx cnyxamnx n cnoonoe npemx. Bropoe cotrne tno concem otenntm: cnnnxn mocxoncxoro omecrna, apncroxpart n orarte xynnt, sauacrnnn n anrnncxoe npecrannrentcrno, re cnenn snaxomcrna c xpynntmn ropronnamn. 3arem anrnnuan crann sastnart n nyumne oma Mocxnt n n nx npncyrcrnnn necrn ecet o rom, uro n ntnemnne nenerxne npemena mocxoncxne apncroxpart ntnyxent npoanart oma nnoe emenne nx peantno cronmocrn. Anrnnuane, xoneuno, n ne noospenann, uro nce ceptesnte xommepcanrt, xanemmne n nx npncyrcrnnn, uro camn ne moryr ntxynnrt raxne oma (a net npoart nx nnocnecrnnn moxno c orpomno ntroo!), unent Knya uepnonntx naneron.
Vnnna Tnepcxax, om 13
Onaxt na snanom oee Oront-oranoncxn nonean anrnncxomy npnxrenm-nopy o npoaxe oma renepan-ryepnaropa na Tnepcxo, 13 (nx cnpanxn: n XX nexe ram nomemancx Mocconer, ceuac m+pnx). 3ror snamennrt om nocrpoen n 1782 roy no npoexry nerenapnoro apxnrexropa Kasaxona n eccmenno cnyxnr omom nx renepan- ryepnaropon Mocxnt. Htnemne ero nnaenen renepan-ryepnarop xnxst B.A. onropyxon. Hao cxasart, uro n Bneep, n Oront-oranoncxn, n pyrne unent Knya naneron tnann na anax n npnemax onropyxona. Tax uro nnxoro ne ynnnno, uro onaxt Hanen Kapnonnu xnnncx x xnxsm n conponoxennn anrnncxoro nopa n nonpocnn paspemennx noxasart om renepan-ryepnaropa samopcxomy rocrm nycrt nonnnrcx mocxoncxo pocxomn! Iocrt n nnnncx, ocmarpnnax nce oromno n npncrantno n cam om, n npncrpoxn, n xonmmnn. Or nennxonennx n naroycrpoennocrn npnmen n nocropr, no, xax n nonoxeno npnxnmncrtm anrnnuanam, nauan ropronartcx. Bneep npocnn sa om nonmnnnnona, no nop cnn neny o 100 rtcxu pyne. H uro nopasnrentno npn +rom npncyrcrnonann n pystx, n cnyrn xnxsx onropyxona, no nnxro nnuero ne sanoospnn, nocxontxy nnxro, xpome Bneepa, ne nonnman no-anrnncxn. B xonne xonnon nce paymno pacxnanxnnct, a nop, ncxounn n xonxcxy Bneepa, noexan na 2-m Tnepcxym-mcxym ynnny n norapnantnym xonropy. Fenxra roponnncx, nocxontxy nonxau Bneep oxnnn emy, uro nce conponoxanmne nx n ocmorpe oma roxe xorxr ero xynnrt. Hapy ne cnycrx, xax pas xora onropyxon ortn ns Mocxnt, anrnncxn noxynarent noexan x pesnennnn renepan-ryepnaropa n conponoxennn orpomnoro uncna nono n npnxasan ntrpyxart nemn. Cam xe on na npanax xosxnna npomen npxmo n xanner onropyxona. Cnyrn, ne nonnmax, uro rnopnrcx, ntsnann nonnnnm. nnnmncx npncran norpeonan pasxcnenn, na uro cexperapt nopa noxasan xynuym ymary, sanepennym y norapnyca, n pacnncxy n rom, uro entrn ynnauent cnonna. Cxanan ntmen nxn. Cpouno nepnynmncx onropyxon npnxasan nponecrn paccneonanne. Hopasnrentno, no n paccneonart tno ocoenno neuero noncornn naneron ryr xe nsxnn no crpaxy, onn net n ne ymann saornrtcx o xoncnnpannn. nx nnx nponcmemee tno xort n sno, no myrxo. H rontxo a]epncr Bneep snan, sauem sarexna nrpa, no, npnxnarnn otuy, on narononyuno cexan sa rpannny. Paccneonanne nnnoct na roa. B nauane 1877-ro nauancx cyent nponecc. Or onnnennx ntcrynnn ontrnt npoxypop H.B. Mypanten. Ftno onpomeno 300 cnnerene. Btxnnnoct ontme noncornn npecrynntx exnn. Ho onnnxemte ne yntnann. Onn naexnnct na cnncxoxenne cya npncxxntx n cnoe nponcxoxenne (36 ns nnx npnnanexann x cnnnxam omecrna). Onn epxannct cnoono, myrnnn n xsnnnn. Mnorne tnn monot n xpacnnt, n neynnnrentno, uro san cya oxastnancx nonon pomanrnuecxn nacrpoenntmn amouxamn. Hocne saceannx xpacannt onnnxemte axe yxnrpxnnct pacnnnart c amamn mamnancxoe. Ho paccxasy ouennnen, camoe nnrepecnoe nponsomno nocne peun Mypantena. Hs sana saceannx ntmen nourennoro nna crapnx. Hoosnan ropoonoro, nepean emy saneuarannt xonnepr n nenen ornecrn n cy. Cam xe yxarnn na nnxaue. B xonnepre oxasanact nnsnrxa Bneepa c xapanamno npnnncxo: Fnaroapm sa ceronxmnn cnexraxnt! Hpana +ro nnn ntymxa, renept ne ycranonnrt. Ho ro, uro nect nponecc tn noxox na nrpy, sacnnerentcrnonano conpemennnxamn. Ho ncx panaa saxonunnact, xora npncxxnte Mocxoncxoro oxpyxnoro cya npnsnann naneron nnnonntmn. 3aunnmnxam nasnaunnn crporoe naxasanne. B Cnnpt na onrne rot ornpannnnct: ctn ranoro conernnxa antoncxn, orart nnxeropocxn nomemnx Maccapn, yxranrep Vuernoro anxa Byxnn, cnercxne meronn-apncroxpart Heo]nron, Fpmxaron, Hporononon, Kaycron, xyneuecxne ctnxn Hnexanon n mnrpnen, noennt nonxonnnx Meeponnu. Cnmonon, n ome xoroporo nce n nauanoct, oxasancx pasopen Ofpepakfupoean u onynukoean ua cafe : PRESSI ( HERSON ) n nomemen n paornt om. Ocrantntx npecrynnnxon ornpannnn n apecranrcxne port. A nor Bneepa rax n ne namnn. Koneuno, nnaentna yxpaenno ]anracrnuecxo cymmt ctcxart ncera rpyno Onaxo na pyexe XIX n XX nexon crana nontsonartcx nonynxpnocrtm xpnmnnantnax xponnxa tntx ner. Tora xro-ro n ncnomnnn o Bneepe. Crann ntxcnxrt erann ero norpa]nn n onapyxnnn, uro on xnn n Enpone, no concem neanno ero nnenn n Mocxne. Ho n xaxom xauecrne! Ftnmn +neranrnemn a]epncr ns ntcmero omecrna renept noponan xomentxn n nnsnrnnnt y naccaxnpon ypno pasnnnammnxcx n ro npemx rpamnantx nnnn! Btxonr, uro nocrapenmn Bneep npocann nce cnon ]anracrnuecxne orarcrna n, ocranmnct es rpoma, sanxncx menxnm noponcrnom. Bnocnecrnnn ero nnenn n na mapmpyrax anroyca, nauanmero n Mocxne cnon noesxn n 1907 roy. Ho +ro t nano! Onaxo xora n 1933 roy n cronnne tnn orxptrt nepnte mapmpyrt rponneycon, nomannte xapmannnxn, pacxantnaxct n mnnnnnn, npnsnanannct, uro oyuaer n pyxononr nmn onxrt xe Hama Bneep. Ho cxontxo xe emy ner no cornm?! H axe xora 15 max 1935 roa orxptncx Mocxoncxn merpononnren n noxnnnnct nepnte merpoxapmannnxn, onxrt nosnnxno nmx nesanennoro Bneepa. Ono ncnntnano n nocne nont, xora ropo ntunmann or xpnmnnana. a +ror npontpa npocro maran cxnost npemx! Bop-npnspax, a]epncr-npnnnenne raxoro ner axe n Anrnnn, xort ona n cnannrcx cnonmn napanopmantntmn xnnennxmn. A nor n Mocxne ecrt! Bneep mntpxer! Bneep mntpxer! ronopxr n ceuac. Tax uro epernre cymxn! Hpxutre xomentxn n noprmone. Hpnspaunt nop apon Hama Bneep mntpxer n no ce ent. Ocoenno n paone Mapocexn, Tnepcxo ynnnt n npounx Tnepcxnx-mcxnx, re on cymen cront npocnannrtcx. Hpecxasanne no mxontnon 1e1paxe. Bepceueecuaa uaepexuaa, 20, uuaue yuuua Cepaqu+oeuua, 2 O, snan t x, uro rax tnaer, Kora nycxancx na emr, uro crpouxn c xpontm ynnamr, Haxntnyr ropnom n ytmr! B. Hacmepuar
3ror om conercxo Mocxnt snaer, es npeynennuennx, nect mnp. om na naepexno nmenno rax oxpecrnn ero nncarent Rpn Tpn]onon, nepntm noneanmn rparnuecxym ncropnm xnntnon +roro oma.
om na naepexno, nn co cropont Fonorno naepexno
om orpomen. 3annmaer rpn rexrapa na Fonornom ocrpone, o xoropom, npana, conpemennte xnrenn meranonnca n ne noospenamr, uro +ra semnx xora-ro tna ocrponom. 3aro nce nnxr na rpomantx mocra Fontmo Kamennt n Mant Kamennt. B +rom ome 12 +raxe, 505 xnaprnp n 25 noeson, xoropte ntxoxr na ynnny Cepa]nmonnua (Bcexcnxrcxym) n Fepcenencxym naepexnym. Apeca ycnoxannamr: Cepa]nmonnu nsnecrnt nncarent, ny a crapnnnoe nasnanne Bcexcnxrcxax, nonxrno, ronopnr o nepxnn Bcex Cnxrtx. Hpana, ne ncem nsnecrno, xro raxo Fepcenen n nouemy naepexnax nasnana no ero nmenn. Ho +ro moxno ysnart. Fepcent crapocnanxncxoe nasnanne xptxonnnxa. Hmenno ero sapocnn eme n XIIIXV nexax nononnnn reppnropnm no epery Mocxnt-pexn. Or crapnnnoro xptxonnnxa n nomna ]amnnnx. B XVI nexe +rn semnn npnnanexann ymnomy nopxnnny Hnany Hnxnrnuy Fepcent-Fexnemnmeny (nepnax nononnna XV nexa 1525 ro). Ftn ce Fepcent uenonexom ntammnmcx nnnomarom n rocyapcrnenntm exrenem npn Hnane III, a norom n ero nacnennxe Bacnnnn III rom camom Mocxoncxom Bennxom xnxse, xoropt c ncenencxnm mymom pasnencx c saxonno cynpyro Conomonne Caypono n nsxn n xent xpacannny-mononny Eneny Innncxym. Homnnre raxym? 3ro xe yymax mart Hnana Bacnntennua, nposnannoro Iposntm. Ofpepakfupoean u onynukoean ua cafe : PRESSI ( HERSON )
om na naepexno
Pasno n rocyapeno cemte tn enom necntxanntm, nn pasy o roro ne cnyuanmnmcx. H noromy mnorne npnnnxennte xax cnercxne, rax n yxonnte nnna ne npocro ne oopnnn ero, a axrnnno ntcrynnnn npornn. Cpen raxnx onnosnnnonepon cnoero npemenn oxasancx n cnannt nnnomar Hnan Fepcent-Fexnemnmen. Ero po tn nourenntm. Ho npeannm, npeox ero eme na pyexe XIVXV nexon oxpanxn nennxoro xnxsx Bacnnnx I, or xoroporo n nonyunn nposnanne exnemnm, uro no-rmpxcxn osnauaer oxpanxmmn, cropoxamn. Ho nouemy npyr rmpxcxoe nposnnme? A noromy, uro nmenno n roncrtx snnynax- exnemnmax n xonna oxpana roro npemenn. Cnonom, po tn nopxncxnm, nourennemnm. Poonax ycata Fexnemnmentx, ny a norom n Hnana Hnxnrnua Fepcent-Fexnemnmena, naxonnact npxmo n uepre Kpemnx, oxono amnn, nposnanno n napoe Fexnemnmencxo. 3ro xax pas mro-nocrount yron xpemnencxoro rpeyrontnnxa oxono Mocxnt-pexn n Mocxnopenxoro mocra. Onaxo nsopnt Bacnnn III n cnoem crpemnennn pasnecrnct co crapo onocrtnenme xeno n xennrtcx na monoentxo nnxoro ne mann n nnuero yxe ne pan no nnnmanne nn nourennocrt nepnoro npecrony poa, nn nnunte sacnyrn uenonexa. Bor n Hnan Hnxnrnu Fepcent-Fexnemnmen sa cnon peun nontnoymnte, ne oopxnmne pasnoa n nono xennrtt Bacnnnx III, nonnarnncx ronono. 3nmo 1525 roa Bennxn xnxst Bacnnn npnxasan oesrnannrt mxrexnoro Fepcenx npxmo na nty Mocxnt-pexn. Bor rax c xponn n nomno nasnanne Fepcenencxo naepexno. Mexy npounm, nocrpaana n Fexnemnmencxax amnx. Bacnnn nonenen orntne ncnontsonart ee xax ocoo rxxxym rmptmy nx onantntx oxp. Hpana, norom ncropnxn nocrapannct onaroponrt cnyunnmeecx nanncann, uro naepexnax nasnana Fepcenencxo nonce ne no xasnn mxrexnoro oxpnna, xoroporo napo nmnn n noromy nomxnyn, xax mor. A nasnanne xxot nosnnxno or roro, uro eme n monoocrn Fepcent nocrannn n cnonx nnaennxx pemerxy, at orroponrtcx or nnxnx nme, nouamn macrammnx, npome ronopx, pasonnxon-rpanrene. Bor +ry pemerxy n nposnann n napoe epcenenxo, a or nee n nomno nasnanne naepexno. Ho nor xax t nn tno no xasnn nn, no pasoxm nn nce ono n nasnannn xpont uyncrnonanact. Heapom ncx oxpyra epcenencxoro oma oxasanact nnocnecrnnn ycrannena nepxnxmn, n xonx monnnnct sa po nmcxo, crapaxct nsrnart nnxo yx mecra. Xnnte xe oma, necmorpx na nnsocrt x Kpemnm, na ro semne nourn ne nosnonnn. Hpana, yxe n XIX nexe (1885 ro) ntcrponnn ]apnxy nerenapnoro xonnrepa 3nema, norom nepenmenonannym n ne menee nerenapnt Kpacnt Oxrxpt. Ho ]apnxa ne xnnte oma. Onaxo n ona ne ycroxna nce-raxn na cem mecre n 2007 roy ee nexa tnn saxptrt, a npenpnxrne nepeneeno na ynnny Manax Kpacnocentcxax no ox x snamennreme Faaencxo xonnrepcxo ]apnxe (tnmax ]apnxa Tonapnmecrna Apnxocona). Ho ne o rpyno cyte xonnrepon peut, a o rom, uro ne npnxnnannct xnnte oma na Fepcenencxo naepexno. Ho nor nocne penonmnnonnoro nepeesa cronnnt ns Herepypra n Mocxny onapyxnnact nacymnax neoxonmocrt nao xe re-ro tno nocennrt nepeexanmnx unnonnnxon, nepntx exrene penonmnnn, unenon nonoro npannrentcrna n r. n. Cnauana onn xnnn no pasntm rocrnnnnam Mocxnt, no norom pemeno tno nosnecrn om Hpannrentcrna. Hy a nnoman na Fepcenenxe xax pas oxasannct cnoont. Tam n nauanoct crponrentcrno. om sacennnn n 1931 roy. Tam tno nce nx xom]oprno xnsnn: npaueunax, amynaropnx, cepxacca n noura c renerpa]om. Eme xcnn n ercxn ca, cnoprnnnt san n xny, a raxo, uro norom ram nnonne xom]oprno pasmecrnncx Tearp +crpat. 3ect xe n ome nmencx n npoyxront marasnn n ynnnepmar. H xoneuno, tna crononax nx xnntnon, re re no ranonam nonyuann ecnnarnte oet, a no xenannm n cyxne naxn. Knaprnpt tnn ocrannent meentm, xort n xasenno, no nnonne yono. Cnonom, ne om, a nonnomennax meura, nxnmuanmax nect ymrnt n xom]oprnt tr. Bor rontxo nouemy-ro nn cuacrtx, nn paocrn xnntnt ne omymann. Her, xoneuno, nexan, onn ncntrtnann uyncrno ropocrn n nosmoxnocrn cmorpert cntcoxa na ncex ocrantntx ropoxan, no npoxonn mecxn, nropo, n n cepna xnntnon nnonsan nnnxn crpax. Horomy uro onn naunnann nonnmart, uro xnnyr na nny, no pasnapxxe. B xnaprnpe nnuero nm ne npnnanexnr nce xasennoe, naunnax or meenn, xonuax mropamn na oxnax nnn pyuxamn na nepxx. Ho roro xyxe nmn naunnann ocosnanart, uro sa nnmn nocroxnno nanmamr nocmarpnnamr n nocnymnnamr. Xnntnt samernnn, uro 11- noes nx oma nexnno neuno saxptrt, n nem ner nn xnaprnp, nn axe nn]ron rontxo necrnnna, yxoxmax nnepx n cnycxammaxcx nenecrt xya n nonantnte nomemennx. Hs +roro noesa moxno tno uepes nonant nonacrt n nmo pyro noes, a norom uepes rante npoxot mexy crenamn n nmym xnaprnpy. Koneuno, xnntnt n rax noospenann, uro naxrept n nn]rept arenrt HKB, a n xnno uacrn oma ecrt rante xnaprnpt nx uexncrcxnx nyx nx roro, urot eceonart c ocneomnrenxmn, npxrart rantx arenron n np. Ho rorantnax cnexxa sa BCEMH xnntnamn xnnnact onesnenntm orxptrnem. Ho yx raxono tno npemx c ero noncxamn xonrppenonmnnonepon n nparon napoa. cno, uro noont om crponncx ne at xax. Kypnponan crpoxy nnuno I. roa onn ns rnanntx pyxononrene opranon rocesonacnocrn, napxom nnyrpennnx en CCCP (c 1934 no 1936 ro). Onxrt on xe nnuno xypnponan n apecrt nparon napoa, n penpeccnn Ofpepakfupoean u onynukoean ua cafe : PRESSI ( HERSON ) nparon penonmnnn, n xoroptx x 1930-m roam oparnnnct re, xro +ry penonmnnm n enan n 1917-m. Tax uro oxnnct xnntnt oma na naepexno ne spx. Hnrepec rot x nnm tn eranen. Tenept nnaentnt xnaprnp menxnnct, xax n xaneocxone. Onnx ynosnnn cemtxmn na paccrpen nnn n narepx, pyrne ncenxnnct. Tenept yxe neoxorno, c onacxo, no no ocoo pasnapxxe. Pasne or nee orxaxemtcx?.. Cemtx ueorontx nexana n xnaprnpy npannrentcrnennoro oma n cepenne 1930-x roon. Ha camom ene ona ne tna ntcoxonocrannenno. Kommynncr ueop Kannncrparonnu ueoron xort n crapancx, no n naprnnte occt ne ntnncx. A n xonne 1930-x roon ero nocnann na Anra, re on n ymep or pasptna cepna. Cynpyra xe ero c manentxnm ctnom ocranact n Mocxne n ome na naepexno. Ho onxnocrt sannmana nancxpomnemym paorana xocrmmepme n onom ns mocxoncxnx rearpon. He noromy nn +ry cemtm ne xocnynnct penpeccnn? Onaxo nmenno n +ro cemte nopacran mantunx, ynnnxnmn rex, c xem on conpnxacancx. Hena ueoron ponncx 10 xnnapx 1923 roa n poc neotuantm uenonexom. Ero ne npnnnexann mantunmecxne npoxast. 3aro on unran nsaxne n ne xaxym-nnyt npnxnmuenuecxym, a ]nnoco]cxym nnreparypy rpyt pennnx rpexon, nanpnmep. H eme on nen nennnx. nennnx, xoneuno, neyr mnorne mxontnnxn. Ceuac +ro nmenyercx nnuntmn crpannnamn n Hnrepnere. Ho pantme nennnxn nennct nnctmenno or pyxn, n +ro xnnxnoct nectma pasnnrtm cnocoom nosnannx xax mnpa, rax n camoro cex. Crpannnt nennnxon sanonnxnnct nonocrxmn, eranxmn n onncannxmn cotrn, nnrepecntx rontxo camomy anropy, ny, moxer, eme n ropcrxe ero nnsxnx pyse. Koneuno, no nce nexa nmennct eme n nnreparypnte, memyapnte, npo]eccnonantnte nennnxn, no ne o nnx peut. erxm- mxontnnxam nnrepecnt nx nnunte cotrnx n nepexnnannx. uro cxasan yunrent, uro cenann ponrenn, xax orpearnponana enouxa c nepno naprt, xoropo rax xouercx cxasart uro-ro xopomee, no nmecro +roro nso pra ntneraer ouepenax rpyocrt. Cnonom, nce ro, uro nspocnte nastnamr ouepeno epyno nnn rnynocrtm. Ho nennnxn mocxoncxoro mxontnnxa Hent ueorona 15 omnx nnuem ne npnmeuarentntx rerpae, sanonnenntx yopncrtmn, nerxo unraemtmn crpoxamn c cepennt 1930 no cepenny 1941 roa, nocrpoent no nnomy npnnnnny. Her, xoneuno, ram ecrt n mxontnte nonocrn, n xpacounte erann cotrn, nponcxoxmnx c otuntm mantunxom, a norom n mnome, no uacro +rn erann npocro xnsnn cocecrnymr c conepmenno nenepoxrntmn yrnepxennxmn, xacammnmncx rnoantntx mnpontx n nonnrnuecxnx nonpocon. Bnpouem, ro, uro onn nenepoxrnt, ymanoct rontxo n ro npemx, xora nncancx nennnx. Horom xe crano xcno, uro onn no-nacroxmemy npopouecxne, no oropaxamr Fyymee. uero cronr, nanpnmep, sannct or 27 exapx 1940 roa: Mt sect raxym nontnxy naxpyrnnn, cxasan x, paccmarpnnax 1-m rasery, uro c raxnm xe ycnexom mornn oemart pexram oprannsonannoro namn nonera na Mapc x Honomy roy!.. A uem nnoxax mtcnt? cxasan Foptxa. Ecnn t ocranoct mecro, mt mornn t n o +rom nanncart Tontxo norom oannrt, npoonxan x, uro <>+ror noner ormenxercx n oxnaercx n 1969 roy n Amepnxe! Kax nam raxo naccax n 1940 roy? Bxontnnx ueoron nnmer cnon cnona o nonere c 3emnn na pyro xocmnuecxn oexr noxox, on npocro ornernn npnxrenm. Ho xax c xaxnm uyncrnom nonno ynepennocrn: yer rax n ne nnaue! Eme nao ormernrt, uro n re npemena ern Crpant Coneron nnenn n mnpontx nnepax rontxo cnoe Oreuecrno. Hmo pyro mxontnnx cxasan t, uro noner yer xoneuno xe n CCCP. Ho ne Hena ueoron. On-ro xcno nnen, uro xopant nsnernr n 1969 ns Amepnxn. On uro, ne narpnor?! a, narpnor, narpnor, no eme n mnt npopox. A npopoxam nenosmoxno ronopnrt nenpany. Xorx xoe n uem Hena omncx: n 1969 roy cocroxncx amepnxancxn noner ne na Mapc, a na Hyny. Bnno, no monoocrn ner n npopoxn omnamrcx n eranxx. Onaxo n cnoem camom snaunmom npopouecrne Hen ueoron ne omncx. Hanepnoe, yxe nonspocnen, xorx npomno ncero-ro nonroa. Ho +ro tno npemx, xora n ent mor nocunrartcx sa ro, a yx ro noome sa nenym xnsnt. B nauane 1941 roa 18-nernn mnoma nauan nncart nente crpannnt o. yyme none. H uro camoe nopasnrentnoe: xaxax ero crpoxa ctnact nnocnecrnnn. Hemypeno, uro onapyxennte no npemena orrenenn ero nennnxn nponsnenn cencannm. C noaun nsnecrnoro nncarenx Rpnx Tpn]onona ntepxxn ns nnx tnn naneuarant no mnornx raserax n nayuno-nonynxpntx nsannxx. H ntxcnnnoct, uro npocro mxontnnx npecxasan ne rontxo npemx nauana Bennxo Oreuecrnenno nont, no n ee pasnnrne. Tyr cronr ncnomnnrt, uro armoc]epa rex ner xort n tna nanpxxenno, no o nosmoxno rpxyme none ronopnnn c +nrysnasmom, nourn n nocroprom. Omecrno rex ner esoronopouno nepnno naprnno nponarane, uro ecnn nona naunercx, ro onecrnax Kpacnax apmnx n ror xe ent orpocnr npara n nepeer x neennm oen na ero reppnropnn. Hy a onecrnax conercxax annannx ryr xe nopasnr npara n ero norone. Tax uro nona oxaxercx xparxo n noeonocno. unntmt, pomant, rasernte crartn nsaxne paccxastnann o noonom cnenapnn. Hy a x nauany 1941 roa yxe co cnon camoro Crannna tno nsnecrno: nont noome ne yer. Conercxn Coms n ]amncrcxax Iepmannx, saxnmunnmne naxr o nsanmnom nenanaennn, partx nanex. H npyr sannct n nennnxe Hent ueorona or 5 nmnx 1941 roa: ymam, uro nona naunercx no nropo nononnne +roro mecxna nnn n nauane nmnx, no ne nosxe roron art cex xo nseprnnannm na nncennny, no x roron ynepnrt nmoro, uro nemnt oxsarentno saxnarxr nce +rn namn nonte paont (ro ecrt semnn, nomemne n cocran CCCP no naxry Monorona Pnenrpona 1939 roa) n nooyr x name crapo rpannne. Ouennno, y crapo rpannnt onn saepxarcx, no norom nnont nepeyr n nacrynnenne, n mt yem ntnyxent npnepxnnartcx raxrnxn orcrynnennx. Ho+romy ner nnuero ynnnrentnoro, uro nemnt ncrynxr n sa namn crapte rpannnt n yyr nponnrartcx, noxa ne ntoxnyrcx. Bor rora rontxo nacrynnr nepenom, n mt nepeem n nacrynnenne. a nonno, mantunx nn nncan raxoe n na ]one nceomero +nrysnasma noennoro manxosaxnarentcrna?! Taxne anannrnuecxne crpoxn no nneuy noenntm reopernxam, a ne mocxoncxomy mxontnnxy. a xro on raxo tn, +ror Hena ueoron? Ofpepakfupoean u onynukoean ua cafe : PRESSI ( HERSON ) Kax +ro nn rxxeno, no nnonne nosmoxno, uro mt ocrannm nemnam axe raxne nenrpt, xax Xnromnp, Bnnnnna, Bnrecx, Hcxon, Ioment Mnncx mt, ouennno, canm; Knen nemnt raxxe moryr saxnarnrt, no c nenomepno ontmnmn rpynocrxmn. O cytax Hennnrpaa, Honropoa, Kannnnna, Cmonencxa, Fpxncxa, Kpnnoro Pora, Hnxonaena n Oecct ropoon, nexamnx ornocnrentno nenanexe or rpannn, x omct paccyxart. Hpana, nemnt, esycnonno, nacrontxo cnntnt, uro ne ncxnmuena nosmoxnocrt norept n +rnx ropoon, sa ncxnmuennem rontxo Hennnrpaa. To, uro Hennnrpaa nemnam ne nnart, +ro x ynepen rnepo. Hennnrpant napo opnt! <>Oxpyxnrt Hennnrpa, no ne nsxrt ero, ]amncrt eme cmoryr oxpyxnrt Mocxny onn, ecnn t axe n tnn n cnnax, ro npocro ne cmoryr 3a Oeccy, xax sa xpynnt nopr, mt onxnt, no-moemy, oportcx nnrencnnnee, uem axe sa Knen n x ymam, oeccxne mopxxn ocrono nctnxr repmannam Ecnn xe mt n canm no ntnyxennm Oeccy, ro ropaso nosxe Knena. H net +ro crpoxn ne Conercxoro nn]opmmpo, a npocroro mnomn. H on nncan nx n ro npemx, xora na crpannnax rnanno rasert CCCP Hpana or 14 nmnx 1941 roa noxnnnoct nosmymennoe onponepxenne TACC, re ronopnnoct, uro cnyxn o cxopo none CCCP n Iepmannn aconmrno eccmtcnennt. a n nect conercxn napo tn ynepen, uro rnrneponnt ne pncxnyrt nanacrt. H npyr sannct ueorona or 21 nmnx 1941 roa neornparnmo rparnuecxax: uyncrnym rpenoxnoe nenne cepna, xora ymam, uro nor-nor npner necrt o ncntmxe nono rnrneponcxo ananrmpt. Orxponenno ronopx, renept, n nocnenne nn, npoctnaxct no yrpam, x cnpamnnam cex: A moxer trt, n +ror momenr na rpannne yxe rpxnynn nepnte sannt? Tenept nyxno oxnart nauana nont co nx na ent. Hopasnrentnte crpoxn! A net cnepcrnnxn Hent n +rn nn xnnn concem nntmn uyncrnamn: cnerntmn, paocrntmn, npasnnuntmn oxnannxmn ntnycxntx neuepon, xora mnt uenonex ntxonr ns mxont n nonym cuacrnnnym nspocnym xnsnt. H rontxo Hena ueoron snan, uro roronnr nm +ra nonax xnsnt 3nanne +ro, onaxo, oxasanoct uepecuyp rxxentm. uepes mecxn nocne nauana nont Hena nanncan nourn c yxacom: Cnpanennnocrt monx npenonoxenn tna xnno ne no mne. t xoren, urot x nyume oxasancx ne npan! Ho on oxasancx npan. H n onncannxx macmranoro orcrynnennx, n n npecxasannxx +noxantno noet: n nout c 22 na 23 nmnx ueoron nanncan, uro Kpacnax apmnx ocnoonr ne rontxo cnom crpany, no n crpant Enpont, sanxrte ]amncramn, oer o Fepnnna, n ram, nocne rxxenemnx oen, yer nonncan naxr Hoet. Kax mocxoncxn mxontnnx cmor cront rouno onncart xo nont saraxa. Kax, nnpouem, n nnunocrt +roro mnoro nynepxnna. Ho cnnerentcrnam ero pyse-onoxnaccnnxon, on noome tn uenonexom rant. 3a +nnnxnonenuecxne snannx n mxone ero snann mecrntm Iymontrom, sa mnoxecrno nenepoxrntx rananron Heonapo ns 7F. ueoron nsyuan oxeanorpa]nm n naneonronornm, ncropnm n nnreparypy. On nncan ]anracrnuecxne pomant n nayunte rpaxrart n crnne XVIII nexa, pnconan xaprnnt n counnxn mystxy. Ho ncera ero npnrxrnnann crapnnnte n crpannte npemena: otuan n pennrnx pennero Ernnra, ncropnx rantx omecrn Enpont. pyr n onoxamnnx ueorona, yymn nncarent Rpn Tpn]onon, ronopnn: On tn rax nenoxox na ncex! Crpacrno pasnnnax cnom nnunocrt, nocnemno nornoman nce nayxn, nce ncxyccrna, nce xnnrn, ncm mystxy, nect mnp. On rouno oxncx onosart xya-ro! H nor uro npnmeuarentno: ncera orxptrt nx pyse, Hena nn cnona ne cxasan nm o cnonx nennnxax. Bnno, nonnman, uro nanncannoe xnnax xpamona, sa xoropym moxno n nocrpaart, net ero nnennx mnn npaspes c renepantno nnnne naprnn na tcrpym n noeonocnym nony. Ho nor nonpoc: nnx yymee crpant, snan nn Hen ueoron o cnoem yymem? Tora ero nocrynox nnone nennx: no, onaax saxonntm entm nnerom (xax nce yuente-rennn, on tn cnntno nnsopyx, a eme n nnoxo cntman), Hen ueoron nomen oponontnem na nony. Bnpouem, noenart emy ne npnmnoct: n rpysonnx, xoropt nes ero na ]ponr no Tyno, nonana oma. Hen ueoron norn 25 nmnx 1943 roa. Bnpouem, ecrt n nnte nepcnn Conpemennte nccneonarenn onycxamr, uro HKB nposnan npo nennnxn, n monooro npecxasarenx apecronann, ena on ntexan ns Mocxnt. Hs sacrenxon on ne nepnyncx. Hy a noptn mamnnt nncnennponan. Otunt cnenapn rex crpamntx ner. uro x, saxon ntxnnannx tn npocr: mentme snaemt xpenue cnnmt. A nepnee, xnnemt, noxa ne snaemt. Hen ueoron 3HAH. A snaunr, n xnrt emy tno neonro. Bet snanne cmeprentno onacno Cnn1ounoe raanne Bonyxuucuu nepeyuou, 3 3a oxnom rynr merennna, Cner nsmeraer na xptntno. nrpam or esentnna B opyuantnoe xontno. B. Xooaceeu:. Hs ur.a Mo.ooocmi
Ceronx n npecce n n Hnrepnere moxno narn oxnnenne: Iaam. Kro n xax renept rontxo ne raaer na otuntx xaprax n Tapo, na xo]eno ryme n no pyxe, no nmenn nnn snesam. Ho uerneprt nexa nasa nmoe raanne conepmanoct rano, no tno ocyxaemo, morno npnnecrn x camtm xaracrpo]nuecxnm nocnecrnnxm nnnort o ncxnmuennx ns pxon KHCC n ntrona c paort c nonutnm nnerom. Hpana, ecnn nt ymaere, uro or +roro crpacrt x raannxm yracna, nt omnaerect. Crpemnenne ysnart yymee ono ns camtx croxnx n nmxx. H xax t nn ornocnnnct x nemy nnacrn npeepxamne, ouepen y raanox, nopoxe n npecxasarene cymecrnonann ncera. Bor n n conercxne npemena raann, xax ymenn, y cex oma rano. Hoantme or nmcxnx rnas xpannnn connnxn n xnnrn pasnnuntx cnocoon npecxasann. Hy a camte ornaxnte nstcxnnann no Mocxne npopounn. Koneuno, nonnann nopyxex noexart x raxo aymxe, urot ne rax crpamno tno. Hy n nopyxxn xoneuno xe exann. Bor n mox npnxrentnnna Karentxa onaxt x xonne 1980-x roon noramnna cnom nopyry x raanxe. Ta xnna n nenrpe n Honyxnncxom nepeynxe, coennxmmem ne nerenapnemne n Mocxne ynnnt Hpeuncrenxy n Ocroxenxy. Paon tn crapt, nsnecrnt eme c XIII nexa. Bor rontxo nmx y nero pantme tno onacnnnoe nmenonancx on ueprontem. 3ro Ofpepakfupoean u onynukoean ua cafe : PRESSI ( HERSON ) ceuac, nanncan ncropnm +roro crpannoro mecra n xnnre Mocxna mncrnuecxax, x snam, uro nasnanne nomno ncero nnmt or roro, uro o XIV nexa +rn semnn npocro ne nxonnn n ropocxym uepry. H nce, uro tno sa ne, nmenonanoct nonpocry sauepronte. Bnpouem, tna n pyrax nepcnx. 3a uepro nporexan ypnt pyue, ute pycno oxasanoct cront nsnnnncro n npoptro n raxnx neotuntx nonoporax, uro mecrnte xnrenn ronopnnn, uro ero rontxo ueprn n mornn npoptrt. Tax n oxpecrnnn pyue ueproptcxnm nnn ueproptntcxnm. Hy a xora n XVI nexe reppnropnx ueproptx nomna n uepry ropoa, ynnnt n oxpyre crann nastnart ueprontcxnmn. Mocxnnun net nnonne nannn co cnonmn ueprxmn, rax uro nasnanne nx ne cmymano. Ho nor napt Anexce Mnxanonnu, armmxa Herpa Bennxoro, xort n nmenonancx Tnmamnm, no npan nmen nnonne pe]opmaropcxn. Horomy n nonenen nepexpecrnrt uepronte. eno n rom, uro no +ro ynnne on esnn na oromonte n Honoennun monacrtpt noxnonnrtcx nxone Hpeuncro Foxne Marepn Cmonencxo. Bor n napexnn camo uepronte Hpeuncrentem, ny n ynnny Hpeuncrenxo. A nor Honyxnncxn nepeynox, orxoxmn or Hpeuncrenxn x Ocroxenxe, nonyunn nanmenonanne no ]amnnnn omonnaentna rnapnn nopyunxa Honyxnna, utn oma croxnn sect n nauane XIX nexa. Hpo Honyxnntx Karentxa c nopyxxo xoneuno xe cntmann. Bet ns poa Honyxnntx tna nepnax cynpyra Herpa Bennxoro Enoxnx, na xoropo ero xennnn uyrt ne nacnntno n c xoropo on pasnenuancx, cocnan cynpyxnnny n monacrtpt, xax rora tno, xax cxasann t mt, mono. Ho nor cnono uepronte nronxno Karentxy n rpener. O ncropnn ero nosnnxnonennx nnxro n ne snan. He noromy nn ona noramnna c coo nopyxxy? Hpana, ra ornecnact x +romy nnsnry conepmenno cnoxono, pesonno paccynn: re xe eme xnrt raanxe, xax ne n crapnnnom uepronte? eno tno n exape. uonape n re npemena axe n nenrpe Mocxnt tn mnnnmym. Cnernnn onn xyrxnm, meprnenntm, ene nnntm cnerom. Cner na rporyapax nnxro ne uncrnn. Crapte oma cmorpennct xommapno. 3ro nam ne yxoxennte pecranpnponannte omnxn nenrpa ceuac. Kora xe enymxn noomnn x rpex+raxnomy omy nopoxen, nm crano npocro xyrxo. nept napanoro, ene epxanmaxcx n nsanmax npn orxptnannn xyrxn cxpexer, nanena nx na mtcnt cexart ns +roro npnmra npopouecrn xya noantme. Ho ryr ornopnnact nepna xnaprnpxn na nepnom +raxe, n aymxa n cepom nxsanom openyprcxom nnarxe rnxontxo nporonopnna: Bt net xo mne, enouxn? Karentxa axnyna, no noxopno xnnnyna. H nopyrn nomnn. H cpasy crano xcno, uro aymxa mnnax n opax crapymxa. uro nnxaxnmn ueprxmn ryr n ne naxner. uro sannmaercx ona raxnm noraenntm enom nonce ne or xopome xnsnn, a or manentxo nencnn. Hy n eme, moxer, or onnouecrna n xenannx noomartcx. Horomy uro, ena nauan raart Karentxe, aymxa nce npemx yxonna c pasronopamn xya-ro n cropony. To ncnomnnana, uro n +rom ome xora-ro xnna ee ontmax ponrentcxax cemtx. To naunnana onnctnart, xax ee crapmn par norn n anromonntno anapnn. To ceronana na ro, uro cocrnennte nnyxn ee pexo nocemamr. B omem n raannn aynx cnnact n, nanepnoe, urot onpanartcx, cxasana: Ho pacxnay-ro y rex, enouxa, nce yer xopomo n xnsnn. A nor nacuer rnoero cyxenoro x cxasart rouno ne mory uro n xax. Ho xax xe oroponena Karentxa. Ona net n npnmna, urot ysnart, xro ns nyx napne, yxaxnnammnx sa ne, npenasnauen e n myxtx. Heyxenn nt axe ne moxere cxasart, xro mne ontme noxonr Hnxona nnn Mnxann? Faymxa samxnact: Honnmaemt, enouxa, xaprt rontxo omym nnnnm namernrt moryr. Ho xoneuno, ecnn rt xouemt ysnart rouno nmx Karentxa ax ncxounna co cryna: Xouy! Hmenno +ro n xouy! A moxno ysnart? Crapymxa eme ontme samxnact, nsoxnyna n cxasana: Moxno, no +ro ne ceuac. Hpnxon uepes mecxn na Cnxrxn. H npnxon nonosxe. Tontxo n nonnout raxoe ysnart moxno. A xora +ro Cnxrxn? H nouemy n nonnout? ntnannna Karentxa. Faymxa oxcnnna, uro Cnxrounax neenx yer na camom ene nenanart ne nocne Poxecrna c 7 xnnapx n o Kpemennx. A n nonnout nao raart noromy, uro raxono npemx cnxrountx crapnnntx raann. Moxno pocart cno ammax n xart, xro noeper cnpocnrt nmx. Bcnomnnna! coopasnna Karentxa.
Pas n Kpemencxn neuepox enymxn raann: 3a nopora ammauox, Cnxn c norn, pocann; Cner nononn; no oxnom Cnymann; xopmnnn Cuerntm xypnny sepnom; pt nocx ronnnn
Hymxnn! Hy ryr nopyra ne yepxanact: Heyu rt, Karepnna! He Hymxnn, a Xyxoncxn. Ho+ma Cnernana! Ho Karentxa rontxo ]tpxnyna: Bce panno ne nooer! Kax rt +ro cee npecrannxemt? Hy pomy x canor ero xe noepyr. Hasa nnxro ne npnnecer. A cnymart no oxnom ceuac onacno. H noome n nonnout na ynnny ntxonrt?! a ytmr xe! Her, +ro x nac! enymxa nonepnynact x ayne: Bt +ro mne ne npenarare! K romy xe x n y cex oma mory na ynnny ntnonsrn. 3auem x nam exart? Ofpepakfupoean u onynukoean ua cafe : PRESSI ( HERSON ) Faymxa xax-ro xnrpo comypnnact n nmnr crana noxoxa na saannym netmouxy, xoroptx pncymr n ercxnx cxasxax. a, ecnn rt yemt raart y cex oma, ro rouno moxemt napnartcx na rpanrene! nporonopnna ona. Ho npneemt xo mne nnxya ns xnaprnpt nrn ne npnercx. B +rom ome moxno npxmo sect raart. H nce yer rouno! Tyr n nopyra sannrepeconanact: Houemy n +rom ome moxno raart, n nce yer nepno? Karentxa noepxana: A uro sa rana? Paccxaxnre! H nor xaxym ncropnm ycntmann nopyxxn n crapentxo xnaprnpxe, ocnemenno rycxntm cnerom ymaxnoro aaxypa. Or cxnosnxxa ero axpoma xontxanact, orpactnax renn, ymara mypmana, cnonno ncnomnnax tnoe. H enymxam noxasanoct, uro onn nepenecnnct no npemenn na necxontxo cronern nasa. Tora men 1736 ro. Hepeynox eme ne nastnancx Honyxnncxnm, xorx ono+raxnt om na +rom camom mecre yxe cymecrnonan. 3ro norom ero nacrpoxr, nosneyr noxpyr pyrne oma. Ho rora, n nepno nononnne XVIII nexa, +ror ono+raxnt omnx nxonn n crpoennx ontmo ycatt, npnnanexame xnxsm Anexcanpy Fopnconnuy Fyrypnnny. Tor tn uenonexom noenntm, naxonncx n snannn renepana n no xomanonannem snamennroro ]entmapmana Mnnnxa yuacrnonan n cpaxennxx npornn rypox n Kptmy, re n ornnunncx ormenno xpapocrtm. Kora xe nacrana snma, nocxa oromnn na snmnne xnaprnpt. Hy a repom Fyrypnnny tna oxasana mnnocrt Mnnnx paspemnn emy nepnyrtcx n Hepnonpecrontnym x xene n erxm. Bnpouem, x romy npemenn ctnontx Fyrypnnna yxe cnyxnnn n Herpono cronnne Canxr-Herepypre, enax xaptepy npn nope nmneparpnnt Annt Hoannonnt. B Mocxne xe xnxsx Fyrypnnna xann xena n ouxa Maptmmxa, nmnmnna orna, ymn n ne ne uaxnmero. B Mocxny renepan nosnparnncx c nmnmtm amranrom Bnanmnpom. Ce monoo uenonex, necmorpx na rot, onaan camtmn ocronemnmn xauecrnamn ymom n oporo, xpaco n oxonrentnocrtm. Ho rnannoe on tn myxecrnen n xpap, n n ono ns oruaxnntx nepecrpenox cnac cnoemy xomannpy xnsnt, sacnonnn coo. Horom, xoneuno, maxncx panennem, no ntxnn n cnona oxasancx no nauanom Fyrypnnna. H nor renept xnxst npnnes mnomy n cnom mocxoncxym ycaty. Cronr npnsnart, uro cynpyra renepana, Map]a Anpeenna, ncrpernna monooro amranra c nectma xpnno yntxo n noutm xe nonenxna myxy: He nao tno npnnosnrt napnx n om! V nac xe Maptmmxa na ntante. A ny xax cnyxn noyr! Fyrypnnn, xoneuno, n yxom ne nonen na xennnt onacennx. Ha ro on n oeno renepan, urot ne nonnmart, cxont ocrep xstuox mocxoncxnx cnnernnn-raparopox. Tontxo nonanct! Ho Maptmmxa nena cex npnmepno. a n npana tna rnxoro. Xorx c monotm amranrom omamnxx xnsnt cranxnnana ee nocroxnno. To sa oeom oxastnanoct neuernoe uncno rocre (nexopomax npnmera!), n npnxonnoct caxart sa cron monooro uenonexa. To Maptmmxe nao tno na ]oprennanax yunrtcx, a nort nepenopaunnart nexomy, nor n snann opasonannoro amranra. To na ypoxe ranna naprnep rpeonancx onxrt xe xnnxann nonxoro Bnanmnpa Htnonnua, oxasanmerocx ymentnem ne rontxo na none ox, no n n rannenantntx na. Cnonom, monote nmn omannct nacrontxo uacro, uro ent Bnanmnp c yxacom ocosnan, uro nnmnncx n Maptmmxy. Ho na uro on mor paccunrtnart? V ero orna nmenoct eme uernepo ere. H na ncex nxrtcor ym xpenocrntx. Xanonante y camoro Bnanmnpa, xoneuno, xopomee, no cemte na nero ne npoxnnemt. a n xax noome-ro on mor meurart o xpacannne Maptmmxe, ecnn po Fyrypnnntx orar n snaren o nenepoxrnocrn. Knxxecxax cemtx-ro K Maptmmxe xe nocroxnno cnarannct poonnrte a oraremne xennxn. Bnanmnp ysnan, uro nor rontxo ocentm tno na npenoxennx ono or xennxa, sa xoroptm uncnnnoct es manoro 15 rtcxu ym xpenocrntx (orpomnoe xonnuecrno), nropoe or xypnxncxoro apona pocrnennnxa ncecnntnoro nmneparopcxoro amanra Fnpona. 3ro xe xaxne naprnn nanntronemne! Pan raxoro cnaroncrna xnxst Fyrypnnn axe na necxontxo neent ns apmnn npnesxan. Ho Maptmmxa orxasana oonm concxarenxm. A ponrenxm oxnnna: Bonx nama! nam ne nonnnonartcx ne mory. Ho x nx oonx ne nmnm. H ecnn nt moe nornenn ne xenaere, ne oranare menx! Map]a Anpeenna-ro rora, cxastnamr, na out cnntno onenact. Ho renepan rontxo xynaxom no crony yapnn: Pas ne mnnt xennxn, nacnntno out no nenen rnart ne crany. Horom noxocnncx na xeny a n nxnnyn: 3ro x nce panno uro ree nmecro menx n nocrent nxryxy sacynynn t. Tt t crepnena? Map]a Anpeenna rontxo ]tpxnyna: a x ecxrxy xennxon orxasana, rex oxnamunct! Bor n Maptmmxa nycrt cnoero cyxenoro xer! notroxnn renepan. Henmnmt myx xort sonortm yt, nce panno nenmnmt Ho nepe Poxecrnom nocrynnno nonoe npenoxenne. Ipa] ns poa Bynanontx, a ne npocro rpa] xameprep c xnmuom, ro ecrt nmemmn npano nxonrt n nmoe npemx n nnunte noxon nmneparpnnt Annt Hoannonnt c oxnaom nn, no cocrnenno nn naonocrn, npnexan ns cronnnt n Hepnonpecrontnym a n nocnaran Maptm Anexcanponny. H ne npocro cnaron npncnan, no n noxpennn cnon namepennx ymaro, xax +ro y nnx n Herepypre nonrcx. Bnanmnp cam +ry ymary nepntm npouen, noromy uro renepan Fyrypnnn onepnn amranry ncxptnart ncm noury n cnyxenym, n nnunym, noromy xax nnxaxnx cexperon y xpaporo noxxn orpoxct ne nmenoct. Bnanmnp, xoneuno, ymarn na cron n xannere xosxnna nonoxnn. Ho cam c nnna cnan. Xorx na pyro ent n npnmnoct emy co ncemn omouanamn ncrpeuart nouernoro rocrx n nnnxrentnoro cronnunoro nentmoxy. Monoo amranr-ro xort n cam tn crpoen n nnnom npnrox, no npn nne mynanoncxoro xameprepa y Bnanmnpa cepne ynano ntcox, moryu, xpacnn, oaxrenen oxasancx Bynanon-ro. Hy a neuepom mart Maptmmxe npnxasana uyrt ne na nce rannt c rocrem cranonnrtcx n n xypanre, n n naype, n n pyrnx. Fent Bnanmnp rontxo ronono xpyrnn, nponoxax Ofpepakfupoean u onynukoean ua cafe : PRESSI ( HERSON ) cxontsxmym no napxery napy. Ho nor nocne onoro ranna Bynanon nonen Maptmmxy x xpecny, nnno, ra yromnnact. Cam sa npoxnanrentntmn nannrxamn ornpannncx. enymxa pacxptna neep, omaxnynact napy pas a n yponnna. Bnanmnp mernyncx n nonxn. Hoan, yntaxct poxo. Maptmmxa rnasa nonxna n ntronopnna: Fnaroapm, uro nomout nsnonnnn nonepxnynact cnonno n npomenrana: Bnanmnp Htnonnu Bnanmnp Vx uro antme cxasart xorena, amranr ne ysnan. Ienepantma Map]a Anpeenna nocxounna. out sa pyxy epnyna n nonena xya-ro. Bcm nout Bnanmnp sacnyrt ne mor. Bce pycax rononxa Maptmmxn mepemnnact. Benorom ona ero nmx nponsnocnna. 3nana. H yro cnesxn ns rnas xarnnnct Hayrpo amranra n xosxcxne xomnart ne nnycrnnn. Iopnnunax Maptmmxn cptnammnmcx ronocom noneana, uro rocnoxa ee, enax enymxa, or npenoxennx xameprepa c xnmuom naorpes orxasanact. Ienepantma cnntno rnenanact. Hy a cam-ro renepan rontxo rnasamn cnepxan. Iposno n ornenno. A na pyro ent renepantma oxnnna ouepn: He noemt sa Bynanona ornpannm n monacrtpt! Maptmmxa axnyna n ynana es uyncrn. Tontxo x neuepy ntmna ns cnonx noxoen ncx n uepnom. B pyxe ysenouex xpoxornt. Hornxena na armmxy-renepana n cxasana: rorona B monacrtpt nyume, uem sa nenmnmoro. Ienepan xpxxnyn a n ntcxounn ns xomnart. B xopnope nomxncx, pyxo nonoctx npnrnann, nepexpecrnncx n nomen x xene. Vx uro e cxasan, neneomo. Tontxo ntmemax norom Map]a Anpeenna, cyopoxno nsoxnyn, oxnnna ouepn: Cryna x cee! Oren rex ne nenonnr. He nmnmt +roro yem xart pyroro. Tontxo rnxn ne npornxn cyxenoro-ro! Ho c roro npemenn npnxasana renepantma Bnanmnpy nepepartcx n camym antnmm xomnarxy. H x crony ero renept npnrnamart nepecrann. H nort Maptmmxe on yx rem naue ne nepenopaunnan. Hy a ennna-xpacannna nauana raxrt ent oro nx. Marepnno xomnantonxe, mnneme pnranpme Anne Cemenonne, xnxxna cxasana: Bnno, ner mne nyrn x moemy cyxenomy! Vx o uem ennna raxnmn cnonamn ronxonana, pnranpma ne nonxna. Ho pemnna, uro nao xax-ro pasnecennrt nooneunym. A ryr xax pas Cnxrxn nacrann. Camoe npemx nx raann o cyxentx-ro. Bor n pemnna pnranpma ycrponrt crapnnnoe raanne nycrt Maptmmxa ysnaer nmx cnoero cyxenoro. Cnxna ennna, xax nonrcx, ammauox a n xnnyna ero na nepexpecrxe mocxoncxnx ynnn. He npomno n nxrn mnnyr exnr xaxo-ro mantuonxa, ammaxom pasmaxnnaer. ue ammauox? cnpamnnaer. Maptmmxa rnasamn n mantunmxy nnnnact: Mo! A rex xax sonyr? Bonotxa x! ronopnr mantuonxa. A sa poxecrnencxn ammax msa nonaraercx. Maptmmxa cnxna c nantna xontno sonoroe n noana. Cama rontxo nepexpecrnnact sa raxoe nmx nnxaxoro sonora ne xant! Mart nayrpo npo raante ysnana na pnranpmy nsenact: He ronrcx nam raxax nonma! Hponen nonym! Fpnranpma n nomna noutm c Maptmmxo no oxnamn cnymart. Hoomnn x onomy oxny rnxo. Ko nropomy roxe nnuero ne cntmno. Tontxo nonepnynnct x rpertemy, a ram npyr xro-ro xomy-ro ronopnr: Bor sannmancx t cueramn Bnanmnp Htnonnu, nce tno t n axype! Maptmmxa ene cnera crana. Hnno cnneno, uro nynntm cnerom nomno. Honepnynact x pnranpme n ntmonnnna: Onxrt Bnanmnp Htnonnu A cama ene na norax cronr. Kax cnenax o cnonx noxoen opena. Hayrpo renepantma pnranpmy uyrt ne sa nonoctx ormyrysnna. Bce xpnuana: 3ro uro x rt enaemt?! 3ro eme xaxo Bnanmnp Htnonnu?! Heperaa, netma! urot out mox n nmx raxoe satna! Bor n yronopnna pnranpma Maptmmxy na rperte raanne camoe nepnoe na Bacnnten neuep, ro ecrt n nout no Hont ro. Ho nonnout n crapo xnaono cron nocrannnn. Ha nero sepxano. Hepe nnm na npnopa a ne cneun. Cama pnranpma ns xnaono ntmna, no ennny nayunna, xax ecrnonart. Hyxno saxeut cneun, cecrt nepe sepxanom n nponsnecrn: Cyxent-pxxent, npnopt na crone! Hpnxon, nooea! Hoxaxnct, noecey! Hy a sarem nao rnxert n sepxano npxmo na orpaxammnecx ornn cneue. Cnauana noxnnrcx necrxmax rouxa. Horom ona craner pacrn. Hy a norom n sepxane n ynnnrcx cyxent. Ho xax rontxo ero paccmorpnmt, nao npepnart raanne cxasart na pasa: uyp, menx, uyp, menx! H nerontxo yapnrt n sepxano. Bnenne n nponaer. Hy nor uact na amne Kpemnx nponnn onnnanart pas. Maptmmxa nonxnact n crapym xnaonym. Cena nepe sepxanom. Foxsno 3axrna cneun. Crpamno! Hepexpecrnnact n nauana ronopnrt: Cyxent-pxxent! Hpnopt na crone Hy a Bnanmnp Htnonnu xax pas n ror mnr or npnxrenx nosnpamancx. Fpen ene-ene. Tocxa ero rounna. H ecea c pyrom ne nomorna ee pasnexrt. Honnman, enxra, uro nnxora ne nasnart emy Maptmmxy cnoe. A es nee yx nyume n npopyt ronono ntpnyrt. Bce ne rax ontno craner Honxn on ronony n ynnen crpannt xontmymncx cner n crapo xnaono, xya nnxro yx roamn ne saxonn. Heyxenn nopt? noyman on. Ann roro xyxe noxap?! Ofpepakfupoean u onynukoean ua cafe : PRESSI ( HERSON ) Bsexan on no necrnnne. A ra paccoxnact, sacxpnnena nenmonepno. Kro-ro nanepxy nsnnsrnyn n noexan. Bnanmnp npnannn mary. Bneren n ropnnny n ram Maptmmxa n sepxano rnxnr. Bnnr cnoero cyxenoro nsepomennoro, rxxeno tmamero, crpannoro. Axnyna enymxa n saxpnuana uro ecrt moun: uyp, menx! Haontm no sepxany yapnna. Crexno npeesrn. A no nantnam-ro xpont norexna Maptmmxa n yxace x Bnanmnpy nantnt nporxnyna. Tor cmpryx cxnnyn. Pyamxy na cee nopnan. Hauan nmnmo nantnt nnronart. Tyr sa neptm n pnranpma sanonnna. Cnauana-ro ona n cama yexart xorena. Hanyran ee erymn cnnsy amranr. Ho norom coopasnna ona, uro +ro ne npnspax, a xnno uenonex. Hy n nexana n xnaonym. A xax ynnena Maptmmxy n xponn saopana narnm marom. Or ee xpnxa ennna-ro concem uyrt cosnanne ne norepxna. Bnanmnp ee n oxanxy cxnarnn. A ona xononax xax ne. Knnyncx on e norn pacrnpart A ryr n cam renepan n xnaonym nopnancx. Kpnxn-ro nect om pasynnn. uro cnyunnoct? cnpamnnaer. 3ro uro?! Bnanmnp-ro nnuero n cxasart ne moxer. Hy a Maptmmxa n cex npnmna n ornernna: 3ro mo cyxent, armmxa! Bor raxax ncropnx co cnxrountmn raannxmn. Vx xax renepan ynoman cynpyxnnny art cornacne na pax nensnecrno. Ho cnyrn cntmann, xax on cxasan n cepnax: Hycrt yx Bonotxa ee, xax nonoxeno, nenyer, a ne n norn! Henpnnnuno, n norn-ro! 3ax no Mocxne uepr-re o uem noymamr! uro mocxnnun noymann, onxrt xe nensnecrno. Ho saro c roro npemenn noxpyr renepantcxo ycatt crann na Cnxrxn xpyrnrtcx enymxn. Kro ammauox noxnner, xro y npoxoxero nmx cnpocnr, a xro n nonpocnrcx n nonnout n crapym xnaonym noraart nepe sepxanom. H net uro ynnnrentno, nporonopnna raanxa xonna 80-x roon XX nexa, raannx ctnannct. Bepntmn tnn! Vcntmnr xaxax ennna nmx Crenan sa Crenana n nter. Hy a ueop rax on n ecrt cyxent. C rex nop, xoneuno, nexa npomnn. Ho ronopxr, uro nam om cronr na ]ynamenre roro crapnnnoro oma. H crent moero nepnoro +raxa crapte. Tax uro y menx raannx nepnte. Karentxa ntcnymana nce +ro, no orpnnarentno noxauana ronono: Bce panno ne noy n nonnout na ynnny! Faynx-raanxa yntnynact: H ne nao! Fyem n xnaprnpe raart. Bce panno nepno nonyunrcx. Mt net na rom ]ynamenre cronm. Ha crapnnnom nepnom. Cnonom, yronopnna aynx Karentxy. 10 xnnapx ra onxrt x ne npnexana. Horom paccxasana nopyre: Faxa na xaprax noraana. Horom ana mne na noy nornxert. 3epxano mt ne ncnontsonann. B noe x, npana, nnuero ne ynnena. Tora ayntxa saronop crapt npouna n npyr nxnmunna pano. A ram n ronopxr: Hoer Hnxona Ornnnnen. A x-ro xax pas npo Hnxonax nnn Mnxanna ymam. A ayntxa menx x rene]ony nonena, ronopnr: Hanpa nomep nayra! napana n cnpamnnam: 3ro xro ronopnr? A napent mne orneuaer: Hnxona. Hpecrannxemt?! H axe ronoc noxox na moero Hnxonax! Hopyra rontxo nneuamn noxana. Koneuno, ecnn n ome raxoe onroe npemx raamr na Cnxrxn, xcno, uro raannx nepnte. Ho urot raart no rene]ony?.. Horom Karentxa n mne +ry ncropnm paccxasana. xe nnrepecymct pasntmn neotuntmn cnyuaxmn. H snaemt, uro camoe nenepoxrnoe? oannna. V oma raanxn x eme nyx enuonox ncrpernna. Kax ymaemt, onn roxe npo ero raarentnym cnny nposnann n npnmnn? Orxya tno mne snart? Tora o Cnne ropoa x n ne ymana. A yx o rom, uro raannx nnonne moryr npoxonrt cxnost nexa, n nonxrnx ne nmena. A nor oxastnaercx, ne rontxo nmn moryr crpancrnonart no npemenn, no n cotrnx ponrt. B XVIII nexe cnxrounte raannx coennnnn nnmnenntx, ny a Karentxe nocxasann cyty yxe n nexe XX. H mexy npounm, ona c myxem Hnxonaem nor yx cxontxo ner xnner cuacrnnno. a onn axe ne pyrannct xpynno nn pasy. Vx mne t tno nsnecrno. c Karentxo o cnx nop omamct. A npomno snmo na Cnxrxn mne npnmnoct nporn mnmo TOIO oma nomep 3 no Honyxnncxomy nepeynxy. Tenept-ro ram xpxne ]onapn. Ho nce panno x nocxontsnynact sanennnact sa uro-ro. Oxasanoct sa ue-ro canoxox. Btntpnynmn nenecrt orxya npoxoxn sacmexncx: Hmt, renept nmecro ammauxon canoxxn paspactnamr! mna x merpo Kponorxnncxax n, satn npo ro, uro ynana, yntanact. Btxonr, napo eme nomnnr, xax raart na Cnxrxn n IE raart oxono raarentnoro oma. Meu1a o apoua1e cuac1tn Boeoaeueucuu nepeyuou, 1; Kysueuuu Mocm, 8/4/7 Hpepnyrcx cnt, uro ymy ymar. Haunercx nce, uero xouy. H connne anrent norymar, Kax yrpom nnmnmm cneuy. B. Xooaceeu:. Hs orua
B omecrnennom rpancnopre Mocxnt n uac nnx nmn npnrncnyrt pyr x pyry. Hmenno n +ro npemx mne uacrentxo ncnomnnamrcx ntcxastnannx nnocrpanntx ncnxonoron npo rax nastnaemoe nnunoe npocrpancrno. Onn onennnamr ero no-pasnomy xro n 50 canrnmerpon, a xro n n nonropa merpa. 3ro ror camt pyex, sa xoropt ne pexomenyercx saxonrt, omaxct c uenonexom. A nnaue, oxcnxercx, on yer nocnpnnnmart name npnnnxenne xax nameuammymcx arpeccnm, saxnar ero uacrno reppnropnn, Ofpepakfupoean u onynukoean ua cafe : PRESSI ( HERSON ) nocxrarentcrno na nenpnxocnonennocrt npocrpancrna, ero oxpyxammero. Bor o uero oymannct rocnoa ncnxonorn! Hm t n name merpo n pyro rpancnopr n uac nnx! Kaxoe nnunoe npocrpancrno nnmt t n naron nrncnyrtcx. Kaxne yocrna nnmt t ne pasannnn, ne yymnnn n npxmom cmtcne net n naronax naxner BCEM n CPA3V n ]pannyscxnm nap]mmom, n cro ner ne crnpanntmn nocxamn, n nporyxme cenexo, n noxo c uecnoxom. Ho tnamr n ocote sanaxn. Ha apomar npoe t n ne pasnnunmte, no nce panno tmmne axe ne no oonxnnm, a npxmo no nepnam. Hnora noemt n naron, n xouercx npyr ns nero ntcxounrt, xorx nnuem nenpnxrntm npoe t n ne naxner. A nnora npoe t n nnxaxne ne yxn pasnnrt n nosyxe, n nnxaxoro ]pannyscxoro apomara ne omymaercx, a namxrt uyncrn npyr naunnaer nocxastnart neuro paocrnoe n npnxrnoe. Kaxo-ro anno satrt apomar cuacrtx, nonnennx, npenxymennx. Apomar Hpasnnxa. Tor naron rpamnax tn nanr naccaxnpamn, xax centxmn n ouxe. 18.30 camoe nnxonoe npemx. Hapo nomnr c paort, omo roponnrcx. Haccaxnpt, npnrncnyrte pyr x pyry, ntnyxent cnymart rant rex, xro eer c pystxmn-no-pyxxamn n pasronapnnaer. O xaxnx rontxo rantx cexperax ne nacnymaemtcx! Tt npnxnnt npxmo npnxnmuenne! pasaercx enuonoun ronoc. Hy nuepa neuepom no ynnne. Vxe remneer. uero rax nosno? ynnnxercx nopyxxa. Hosnonnna t Mnxe. On t c roo nomen. xe n nenrpe tna. uero ram onacartcx? Kax pas ram n nao! Tam xe nocne paouero nx nnxoro ner. Knaprant nexnnte. Tontxo n xnsnt, re nounte xnyt. Epyna. no Foroxnnencxomy nepeynxy mna. Tam pxom, na Hntnnxe, monacrtpt. Tnxoe mecro. A xpam snaemt xaxo! Kaxo? cexnnnuana nopyxxa. Foroxnnencxn! Kpacora. Kynona axe n cymepxax cnerxrcx. Touno Foroxnnencxn! Hy n xro ree ram xnnncx? exnno nponopxonana nopyxxa. A ny rex! enuonxn samonuann. Onennct? Hoymann o uem-ro cnoem? Hopyxxa ounynact nepno: xe nnxy, y rex rnasa ropxr. Ionopn npo cnoe npnxnmuenne! H nauancx paccxas. mna, myson cnymana. Hpo Mnxy ymana. Kax on mne cepexxn noapnn. Bnena? Hy-y B ronoce nopyxxn npocxnosnna ennutx sanncrt. He ontmax. Ho cntmnmax. Or ac]antra tmxa nonnmaercx. Temneer. Ho eme cnerno. raxoe npemx nmnm. Kax n pomane cymepxn. Ho n osopax nce cnymr, pyr pyxxy nonarxr. A no mne rax cymepxn nonmenoe npemx. Honnmaemt, ent c noutm ncrpeuamrcx. Onnmamrcx. Hy +ro xora nmont, nporxnyna nopyxxa. 3ro ne re cymepxn. 3ro n care npo namnnpon. Kora x ree xro-ro noxonr csan n xnart! Onxrt samemarentcrno. H ronoc nopyrn: 3, rt uero? Honenena? Heyxenn rax n ntmno? Hpexpacnt namnnp?! Hepecrant! Kaxo namnnp?! A xro? Cama ne snam On peantno csan noomen n Vxycnn? ypa, a? 3a pyxan norxnyn npocro. Moxer, o roro on n nosnan. Ho x xe nneep cnymana. H roponnnact. H npyr an ocranonxa. Hcnyranact? Her. Hpocro npnropmosnna. A on? uro on? Monoo? Kpacnnt? A mamnna xaxo mapxn? Kaxax mamnna? Hy pxom xe onxna croxrt ero mamnna! He tno nnxaxo mamnnt! Ionopm xe, x mna. On sa mno. Ocranonnn. cnxna naymnnxn. H uro cxasan? Cxasan enuonxa samxnact. Cxasan, uro nouyncrnonan, uro x paocrnax. uro y menx n xnsnn cuacrte! 3mnar, uro nn? Ha +ror pas ne nonxna paccxasunna: A xro +ro? 3mnar +ro npoe +xcrpacenca. Tontxo re mncrnxy uyncrnymr, a +mnart moryr nouyncrnonart uyncrna y pyroro uenonexa. Hopyxxa xmtxnyna: A nor n ner! On xpyue +mnara! On sanaxn ynannnnaer. yxn ]pannyscxne? Her! 3anaxn uenoneuecxoro cocroxnnx. On mne oxcnnn, uro n xaxom cocroxnnn uenonex naxner no-ocoomy. Hy a, neenm ne mtncx sanamox n nomen! onxrt cexnnnuana nopyxxa. Inyno! oosnnnact paccxasunna. He yy ronopnrt! Hy, Tant santna nopyra. Hy ocxaxn! Hano Oxastnaercx, ecrt sanax paocrn, ecrt ropx, ynnnennx, rnena. Ofpepakfupoean u onynukoean ua cafe : PRESSI ( HERSON ) Tax on nap]mmep! axnyna nopyra. Homnnmt ]nntm? Kax +ro eme ronopxr? Bcnomnnna nmxau! Hoxoxe! On cxasan, uro meuraer onapyxnrt ynnnepcantnt sanax cuacrtx n paocrn. A uro xneno! oopnna nopyxxa. Cenan raxne yxn n npnxnnt? Cptsnyncx n nouyncrnonan cuacrte. 3ro xe sopono! Moxno ntneunrtcx or necuacrno nmnn. Hmnx n nosatn npo ncm rocxy! 3oponcxo! emy roxe rax cxasana! Mano nn ropx ncxxoro a ryr or onoro sanaxa paocrt nepnercx. Tt t nyume ero nnsnrxy nsxna. On re paoraer? He snam, ne nonxna x. On cxasan, uro paoraer sect n xnmnaoparopnn na cxnae n ome unxona. A xro +ror unxon? Orxya mne snart? axe ne nonnmam, xax +ro om unxona? Pasne crann oma no ]amnnnxm nastnart? He cntmana npo raxoe. Ho ]npmam n marasnnam a. Bon npo nam om pantme ronopnnn Konexa, xora ram raxo marasnn tn. Tenept ronopxr Hxrepxa, noromy uro raxo marasnn cran. a rt t y +roro nmxaua-ro cnpocnna! xorena Haysa. H uero? A nnuero! On ncues. Kya? Orxya x snam? Hpxm xax pacrnopnncx. Tax ne tnaer. Hanepnoe, sanepnyn xya-nnyt. Xant A on xpacnnt? He ouent nnno tno. uonapn eme ne saxrnn. Ho npn uem ryr +ro?! Xorx, a xpacnnt H nanepnoe, ouent orart. Bo ]pax oer. Bo ]pax?! 3naunr, onnrapx. Kro eme raxym xpent nocnrt craner? Hanepnoe, na neuepnnxy men. Hemxom?! Fes mo]epa? Hanepnoe, neuepnnxa re-nnyt n +rom nepeynxe. Bor on n xaxo-nnyt om n samen. A xant Tenept ne ncrpernmt ontme. Vnycrnna rt cno manc, Tantxa! Hao xe, onnrapx no ]paxe! A moxer, ero moxno narn? A moxer, rt cnpocnna, xax ero sonyr? On cam cxasan. Hpocrnre, ronopnr, mt ne npecrannent Hpxm Bepcant! 3ro x n xaxo xnam ynnrtcx nao, urot raxoe monort?! Kax n crapom nexe! Bt, ronopnr, menx ne nyrarect, x 3pnecr 3yaponnu. Tax on crapt? pasouaponanno nporxnyna nopyra. Tontxo crapnxn no nmenn- oruecrny Her, monoo. He ontme nanarn nxrn. uerneprax! Onnrapx! upax! H rt ero ornycrnna?! Hopyra uyrt ne sannsxana. Tt ypa, a? Hao tno sa pyxan xnarart n n nmnn npnsnanartcx. 3ro xax ee c nepnoro pasa! Bsrnxa! orpesana paccxasunna. Ionopxr c nepnoro nsrnxa. Ono]nrcrnenno! npoypuana nopyra n axnyna. Ham xe ntxonrt! enuonxn saronxannct, nponpaxct x ntxoy. Croxnmne n narone nepememannct sanono. Ho nocntmancx nont ronoc. nno ne enuonxa ama. Konrpantro. H yro axe cnerxa onxennoe: Tt uero sacnymancx? Hoymaemt, mmaxoxnxn! Bpyr onn nce! Hnxaxoro onnrapxa onn ne nnenn! A ree sannno, uro nn? 3ro yxe myxcxo ronoc. Bnno, o]pen, a moxer, axe n myx, oparnnmn cnnmxom ontmoe nnnmanne na monoentxnx enuonox. A snaemt, re +ra ennna npo 3pnecra 3yaponnua npouna? V menx n nore. neanno npo cnom crpannym ncrpeuy ram asannx ntnoxnna. Bor x rouno 3pnecra 3yaponnua nnena. H on xax pas tn no ]paxe. Ouent nmnosanrnt monoo uenonex. Btcoxn, uepnononoct. Inas opnnnt. Kpacanen ranntcxoro rnna. 3naemt, raxo yxoxennt, nor rontxo nantnt nouemy-ro n pasnonnerntx nxrnax. emy axe nonenxna. Ho on cxasan, uro nepuarxn nocnrt ceuac xapxo, nero xe. A y nero nantnt raxne or xnmnxann. Xnmnx? npoopmoran myxunna. H re rt ero nonennna? un, xax nyntrapno! Tee moxno na enuonox sacmarpnnartcx, a mne nentsx napo cnon nepexnnyrtcx c npnnnuntm uenonexom? Hpany on cxasan: x naxoxyct n pacrepxnnocrn n uacro snmct na cex. Moxer, x n npana cenana nenpannntnt ntop? Moxer, nao tno sa Bennamnna samyx ntrn? 3naunr, +ro nce-raxn myx, a ne o]pen. H onxrt myxcxo ronoc, renept yxe paspaxennt: Hy n ntxonna t! Kro ne anan? Monuanne. H onxrt myxcxo ronoc: Tax re rt +roro 3pnecra namna? Hnre! orpesana ama. Cam na Kysnenxom noomen. Cxasan, uro emy ouent mon yxn nonpannnnct Banent N 5. Crapte! nponenn cynpyr. Hpomnt nex. Cro pas ronopnn xynnna t uro noconpemennee. Bon axrept nap]mmepnm enamr. A nor 3pnecr cxasan, uro Banent sanax paocrn! H cxasan, urot x nmn nouame ymnnact, noromy uro +ror apomar npnacr mne ynepennocrn n cosacr xopomee nacrpoenne. axe emy noxasana cnon mnnn-yxn, urot on ynnen, xaxax y nnx +rnxerxa. Ofpepakfupoean u onynukoean ua cafe : PRESSI ( HERSON ) 3ro eme sauem? oosnenno ynnnncx cynpyr. urot y rex ns cymouxn xomenex cramnn? Homen t cam n marasnn n xynnn! ypax! orpesana ama. 3ro xe npnnnunt napent. On oxcnnn, uro ne moxer sarn n marasnn ram cnnmxom mnoro yxon. V nero mox yer. Hap]mmept ne moryr mnoro sanaxon ononpemenno nepenocnrt. V nnx nmx cotercx. Coaxa, uro nn, oxornnutx? npoypuan myx. Cam rt coaxa Konrpantro sapoxano or nosmymennx. A on nocnnrannt monoo uenonex. Pyuxy mne nonenonan. axe pemnna ero n xa]e npnrnacnrt. Hy a, uro on ree ram ne pyuxy nonenonan Xam! Konrpantro sasneneno. Ho xpane mepe, x ne npncram x aam na ynnne! orpesan cynpyr. Tee npocro +roro ne cnernr. Tex oromtmr. Konrpantro meurarentno nsoxnyno. A nor 3pnecr tn pa moemy npnrnamennm. H uro antme? nsnnncx cynpyr. A nnuero B ronoce amt nposnyuano xnnoe pasouaponanne. On xnnnyn, n npyr ero ne crano. Touno, xax cxasana +ra ennna ncnapnncx. Ha rnasax. Pas n ner! noromy n n nore npo +ry ncrpeuy nanncana. Crpanno xax-ro. n moprnyrt ne ycnena a pxom nnxoro ner. a on or rex npocro cexan! xoxornyn cynpyr. Btymaemt roxe ncnapnncx!.. Koneunax ocranonxa! oxnnn nnamnx. nepn orxptnnct, n napo nonep x ntxoy. axe ne ycnena ynnert, xax ntrnxena ama-xonrpantro c myxem, xax pantme ne cmorna ynnert, uro sa enuonxn paccxastnann o cnoem 3pnecre, net x croxna x nnm cnnno. Ho nce panno mtcnn o crpannom nap]mmepe saxpyxnnnct n ronone. 3araxa. Apomar rant Ax, npornn apomara x ne mory ycroxrt! sanesna n nexc n napana: Hap]mmep 3pnecr 3yaponnu. Fo, nocxasan mne Hnrepner. 3pnecr Fo?! Bor nam n pasraxa. Ho ona ne moxer trt TAKOH! Bet nennxn nap]mmep 3pnecr Fo ymep eme n npomnom nexe! Kax xe on mor ouyrnrtcx na Kysnenxom Mocry nnn n Foroxnnencxom nepeynxe n namem npemenn?! Hnn mor? Bet eno nponcxonr n nanmncrnunemem ropoe Mocxne, re nce npemena cnnerent n ryro ysen! Cron. Hoem no nopxxy. 3pnecr 3yaponnu Fo ponncx n Mocxne n 1882 roy n ymep n Hapnxe n 1961-m. Cemtx 3pnecra tna noromcrnenno nap]mmepnax nmxauamn tnn ero e n oren. Hmenno nocnenn, 3yap Fo, n npnexan n Poccnm ns upannnn paorart na xpynneme pyccxo nap]mmepno ]apnxe rex ner n Tonapnmecrne ntcme nap]mmepnn Ant]onca Panne n K 0 . Cam Panne tn nsnecrnemnm poccncxnm nap]mmepom, nocranmnxom Hmneparopcxoro nopa, uro rora tno pannocnntno 3naxy xauecrna, npnuem nanntcmero. B Poccnn cemecrno Fo tcrpo opyceno. ern crann ronopnrt no-pyccxn, no or nap]mmepnn ne oromnn. Ocoenno rananrnnntm oxasancx nropo ctn 3pnecr. On onaan ne rontxo ornnuntmn nantxamn n snannxmn nap]mmepa- xnmnxa, no n pemnn nrn n apomarno nayxe nenporopenntmn nyrxmn nsxncx ncnontsonart ne onn rontxo npnntunte nnrpenenrt, no n maccy roro, uro panee n nap]mmepnn ne ncnontsonanoct. K romy xe, yyun ornnuntm xnmnxom, on nauan cosanart sameuarentnte n conepmenno neoxnannte nap]mmepnte xomnnannn. Vxe n 1907 roy 25-nernn 3pnecr Fo cranonnrcx rnanntm nap]mmepom ]npmt Panne. 3ro yxe nenepoxrnax xaptepa. Tananrnnnt, xpane paorocnocont n epsnonennt monoo nap]mmep cymeer cosart yxn n uecrt Exarepnnt Bennxo (Fyxer Karpnn) n Hanoneona (Fyxer Hanoneona), xoropte npnnecyr emy nsnecrnocrt ne rontxo n Poccnn, no n sa pyexom. Ho ero rnanno meuro ocranercx Apomar Cuacrtx, xax nap]mmep ero nastnan. urot xaxt uenonex mor, ncero nnmt npnorxptn npoouxy ]naxona, omyrnrt paocrt, satrt npo neuann n neyaun. 3ro nn ne nennxax nent? Tax neyxenn enuonxa ronopnna npany o nexoem nap]mmepe 3pnecre, xoropt meuraer cosart Apomar Cuacrtx?! H nor n crarte nomeueno, uro nnpryosnocrt rananra 3pnecra Fo omna o raxo crenenn, uro on mor no nnunomy sanaxy ornnunrt cuacrnnnoro uenonexa or necuacrnoro, paocrnoro or ropmmmero. Ho npx nn conpemennte enouxn unramr raxne crartn! Onaxo n counnnrt +ro cama rpamnanax Tartxna ne morna. Tax neyxenn ecrnnrentno ncrpernna Fo n mocxoncxom nepeynxe? Ho n xaxom Foroxnnencxom! A net nor n +ro cxasano nmenno ram tnn cxnat n npn nnx naoparopnx nap]mmepno ]apnxn Panne. enouxa eme nasnana nmx. Kaxoe? unxon om unxona. Hopyra ynnnnact y omon ne tnaer ]amnnn. a, ceuac ne tnaer. Ho o penonmnnn oma nastnann no nmenn omonnaentnen. H nor net rouno naoparopnx ]apnxn n cxna npoyxnnn pasmemannct pantme n ome unxona.
Haccax Conoonnnxona
Ofpepakfupoean u onynukoean ua cafe : PRESSI ( HERSON ) Hy yx +roro enuymxa rouno ne morna snart! Taxne snannx conpemenntm ennnam noome, ntpaxaxct nx xstxom, no ]nry. Ho net cxasana xe ona nmenno rax om unxona. Heyxenn ecrnnrentno ncrpernna nap]mmepa, xoropt nouyncrnonan ee sanax Cuacrtx? Bet y enymxn c ee Mnxo tna cuacrnnnax nmont. On e n cepexxn noapnn. A xax ennna onncana nesnaxomna? Monoo, xpacnnt. ecrnnrentno, 3pnecr Fo tn ouent xpacnn. O +rom moxno cynrt ]ororpa]nn xe ocrannct. Bo ]paxe, ner nanarn nxrn. B ee nonxrnn onnrapx. Komy x eme xonrt no ]paxe? Ho on nemxom es mamnnt. Koneuno, ecnn +ro ecrnnrentno 3pnecr Fo orxya y roro n 1907 roy mamnna? Tora no Mocxne ona tna pexocrtm. A Fo eme rontxo naunnan n ener na samopcxym nxonnnxy y nero eme xnno ne nmenoct. A pyrax ama xonrpantro uro ona cxasana? Hantnt n xnmnxannxx. Peantno! Fo xe tn xnmnxom. Ho n nocnnran xax n ntcmem cnere. Heapom paoran na ]apnxe, xoropax nocrannxna nap]mm x Hmneparopcxomy nopy. Tax uro nenonanne pyuex nx nero eno nnonne npnntunoe. 3ro nama ama sacmymanact n noymana, nanepnoe, o nmnn. A nx 3pnecra, xcno xe, rnanntm tn apomar, xoropt on nouyncrnonan y amt na Kysnenxom Mocry. Ho nouemy nmenno na Kysnenxom? Koneuno, +ro camoe monoe mecro n Mocxne openonmnnonno cnnomt marasnnt ]pannyscxnx onon n nap]mma. Kcrarn, nor n Hnrepnere cxasano, uro na Kysnenxom Mocry n ome Conoonnnxona tn n marasnn ]npmt Panne. om Conoonnnxona +ro xe nnocnecrnnn snamennremn Haccax. H ecnn yx 3pnecry Fo n ponrt no Bpemenn, ro oxono cnoe naoparopnn n marasnna. A nor n saannte crnxn no+ra, pexropa Mocxoncxoro ynnnepcnrera, ncropnxa Ceprex Mnxanonnua Conontena (mexy npounm, rpomponoro para nennxoro Anexcanpa Fnoxa):
Meura nernr na Mocr Kysnenxn, Kax rontxo nponn nxrt uac. Tam napt ennutnx neanon B ntcoxnx ornnxax Kauanon Hpoxonr y nepe Panne H orpaxaercx n crexne Hstcxannoro marasnna, Orxya ntercx apomar. 3ect cenana mne max n mar Tnox npenecrnax xysnna, H nycrt mo npax crnner n semne: yma nernr x nepxm Panne.
Bor xaxne pantme nap]mmept-ro tnn nm crnxn nocnxmann, n axe ne nm camnm, a nx nap]mmepntm marasnnam! Ho net camoe cnorcmnarentnoe nor n uem! Ecnn 3pnecry 25 ner, ny nycrt uyrt ontme nnn mentme, ro on noxa xnner n Poccnn, n Mocxne. Horom, xora naunercx Hepnax mnponax nona, emy npnercx yexart no upannnm. Bet no nacnopry on ]pannys, n ero npnsonyr n ecrnymmym apmnm a upannnx, xax nsnecrno, comsnnna Poccnn. H nam mnpnt nap]mmep npoxnnr cex xpapemnm n myxecrnenntm nonnom. C ]pannyscxo cropont on nonyunr Boennt xpecr n open Houernoro nernona, c poccncxo open Cnxroro Bnanmnpa c meuamn n anrom. Btcmne narpat! Bor rontxo na mocxoncxym ]apnxy Panne on ne nepnercx. Bet nocne penonmnnn 1917 roa ]apnxy nannonannsnpymr, n ona craner nap]mmepno-xocmernuecxo ]apnxo Cnooa. 3pnecr Fo nepnercx no upannnm. Orrya n naunercx ero rpnym]antnax cnana net +ro mocxoncxn nap]mmep cosacr yxn ncex npemen n napoon nerenapnym Banent N 5. 3nesa napnxcxoro oma mot Koxo Banent nonpocnr Fo cosart apomar nx ee xonnexnnn. 3ro onxen trt Apomar Cuacrtx! cxaxer saxonoarentnnna mot. Bet nona npnnecna mnoro ropx. H nmxm npocro neoxonmt paocrt n cuacrte! Meura nennxo Koxo contercx c meuro ntxona ns Mocxnt. Fo cenaer necxontxo nponnxon n nonecer nx Banent n nponpxax. Ta nonmxaer nce n nteper nxrym. H ne craner samopaunnartcx nasnannem: xcno xe, yxn Banent, ny a nponpxa nxrax, snaunr, Banent N 5. B 1921 roy noxnxrcx 100 nepntx npontx ]naxonon yxon. C rex nop npoer yxe ontme 90 ner, a Banent N 5 ocranercx camtm nstcxanntm apomarom mnpa. Bor +ro onroxnrentcrno, yunrtnax, uro no-ome-ro apomart onee 15 ner ne xnnyr na nnxe mot. Kcrarn, norom noxnxrcx n Banent N 22, n pyrne nomepa. Ho nomep 5- ocranercx meenpom. Onaxt y M+pnnnn Monpo cnpocxr: uro nt oenaere na nout? H ona ornernr: Hapy xanent Banent N 5. Onaxo, nosnontre, uro ram paccxastnana ama-xonrpantro? Hap]mmep 3pnecr tn nopaxen apomarom ee yxon. H ona axe noxasana emy ]naxon Banent N 5. H uro nonyuaercx?! 25-nernn 3pnecr Fo nosnaxomnncx c yxamn, xoropte emy rontxo npecroxno cosart n nospacre oxono 40 ner. Ho rora ncraer saxonnt nonpoc: a cosan nn on nx nnn npocro ncnomnnn sanax n cymen ero nonropnrt? Henepoxrno!.. Ho net eno nponcxonno n Mocxne. Tam, re npemena nxoxr pyr n pyra, cmemnnamrcx, nyramrcx. Hnrepecno, a samernn nn nap]mmep 3pnecr Fo, uro omancx c xnrentnnnamn Mocxnt ne cnoero cronernx? Kro snaer? Bet c enuymxo on ncrpernncx n cymepxax, xora ynnna tna norpyxena n nonyrtmy. Hpana, nensnecrno, xora emy noncrpeuanact ama-xonrpantro. Ho moxer, +ro roxe tno, xora ]onapn eme ne saxrnnct? A moxer, norpyxennt n cnon meurt nap]mmep noome nnuero ne sameuan noxpyr, xpome sanaxon? Bet on yman o Apomare Cuacrtx. nx cex. nx ncex nme. nx namero ropoa. Ecnn t n pyrne mocxnnun ymann o ymnoxennn Cuacrtx, xaxt n cam tn t namnoro cuacrnnnee n paocrnee. Pasne +ro ne nepnemax saaua xaxoro uenonexa, xnnymero na semne, crart cuacrnnntm? Ofpepakfupoean u onynukoean ua cafe : PRESSI ( HERSON ) Hpnnoaenne. Mocxoncxne nerenm Hccnnt-xauent Beeeua Bocuuoeo Ocmpoea Cxopee! Cner xnontxmn sananecnn semnm. Konn xpanenn, or]tpxnnaxct. Enena rnana xone cxnost cnenxmn cner. Cxopee! Bpemenn, npemenn mano. Bcero onn neuep. K noun ee xnarxrcx. 3anpnunraer, ntexnr na mopos nxntxa Hyxeptx. Fecronxono sacyerxrcx no noenocxomy nopy npncrant. Oren, noenoa, cam cxnarnrcx sa opoxnt rynyn. K yrpy nao xart noronn. Ee, xoneuno, nayr n nepnyr. H nce-raxn ona onxna ycnert! Cxopee! Boenocxax out Enena, xya necyr rex rnon ycrante xonn? uro xouemt rt narn na crapo, sapomenno mentnnne? 3auem ree +ra ranax ncrpeua? Knxst Cenep Pomanonnu Ocrya. Knxxe Cenep, xax o cnx nop sonyr ero n oxpyre. ne snam ero. Ho y nero ecrt Hccnnt-xament. Merent xonunnact. Cner mxrxnm noxponom ner noxpyr crapo mentnnnt. Onncnn enonte nant. Mecxn ocrptm xpaemxom necnyn n oxno. Cpocnn mant n pyxannuxn, Enena crpemnrentno npomna n yron. Tam, na nocranne, necrenn na mentx nocneunnxa xaxt na ony cneuy. ne cneun, ronopxr, snax neopt. 3aro marnuecxn. Tor, xoropt ceuac nyxen. H nonauany nyxna rontxo ona cneua. Cner npeopasnn ropnnny. Cpasy crano nnno, uro sect xort n ne xnnn, no tnann naesamn. He cnnmax myt, Enena ornepna xomo. na nonorenna, entx c xpacntmn ysopamn, nernn na uncro ntcxonennt cron. Tonxne ennutn pyxn nocrannnn na npnopa, na xyxa ns rxxenoro cepepa. Tenept nyxno cecrt n cocpeorounrtcx. Hyxno ouent xcno npecrannrt, uro ree naono. Hyxno esorptnno cmorpert na rnxoe nnamx cneun xart, noxa ona ncntxner pesxnm orcnerom. 3ro n yer Tnoe Bpemx or ncnonoxa o roro, xax noracner cneua. Tax yunna axa. A ona nonnmana ronx n nopoxe. Cneua ncntxnyna n samnnena. Hopa! Enena pacnaxnyna nept. Knxst exan onn. Mecra noxpyr tnn nycrte n rnxne. Cocnt nocxpnntnann no rxxecrtm entx manox. Kpxxncrte enn rxxeno oceann no cnerom. Bann yratnanact peuxa Cocenxa, sacrtnmax no snme. A nor no npanym pyxy or nee nmencx pyue Bemnn ncrox. H tn ror ncrox crpanntm ne samepsan no snme. Heapom noronapnnann, uro n nem xnner neuncrax cnna. Hnaue c uero t noa nna xort ronmcentxnm, no xnmuom axe n mopost? Bnno, n nnpany ueprn cyerxrcx, nrpamr. H nycrt cee. axe xopomo. Ho xpanocrn, xorx t pasonnxon sect moxno ne onacartcx. Heuncro xe cnnt xnxst ne oxncx. On cmorpen na cyxoe moposnoe neo, n emy xasanoct, uro snest npnnnxamrcx x semne. H xorx on snan, uro +ro nenosmoxno, mtcnt, yro ceronx on ropaso nnxe x snesam, npnnonna ero n xpanee nosyxenne. On nnuero ne nnn n +ror neuep, no ecneunoe ontxnenne nce cnntnee oxnartnano ero. Or +roro ontxnennx on n exan co nopa. B nout. B mopos. B +rn nycrtnnte mecra, re nnxro ne cmor t ero ncrpernrt. On ne nonnman, uro c nnm rnopnrcx. Emy xorenoct rnmnnt, noxox, uerxo xpycrxmero cnera.
A. Canpacon. Hocnnt ocrpon n Coxontnnxax
Cnauana Cenep nornan cnoero rneoro xonx. Bosyxenne rontxo ycnnnnoct. Tora xnxst ornycrnn nonotx. Tenept on nntn cxnost nout, cnnax cner c enontx nan, oxyrtnaxct rnmnno n noxoem. C nnm tno nce camoe oporoe. Bepnt rneo yx ner nxrt xax ronapnm no ecxoneuntm crpancrnnxm. H sanernt nepcrent na nantne ranncman, onpannennt n sonoro. Kontno c Hccnnt-xamnem. Knxst ncnomnnn anno, re-ro cpen xonontx cxan, crapnx c sananmnmn rnasamn cnxn +ro xontno n orner na xant nsrnx Cenepa. Hpocro cnxn, nporxrnnax. H xnxst co cmemanntm uyncrnom npnnxn ap n nsxrt xorenoct, n samntpnyrt noantme. Horom, xora nepnyncx na ponny, nsrnxnyrt na ynnnrentnt nccnnt-cner npnesxann ne rontxo co nce oxpyrn, no n c oxpecrntx sement. On ne anan xontna. Hmn rpeonann. Cmorpenn pannnnct n axann. Vesxann nosnpamannct cnona. Ocoenno xano naesxann noe. Pesxn, pasmamncrt xnxxnu, mnamn ctn nennxoro xnxsx Iannnxoro, n monoo monax ns Ceprnencxo nanpt. Cenep sanomnnn, xax onn oa nnepnte nsrnxnynn na xament. Ofpepakfupoean u onynukoean ua cafe : PRESSI ( HERSON )
Hocnnt Ocrpon
Cnnxx uyt! naxmypnncx xnxxnu. onxno trt, xament ynn n nem uyncrno npaxt n rpenorn. Bet on nastnan ero rax, xax xora-ro parnte npexn 3onorym Opy. Monax nnuero ne cxasan ncnyx. Tontxo xpecrnncx n essnyuno menran: Iocnon, a! a, Iocnon! Mnoro nosxe Cenep ysnan, o uem on npocnn. Ionopxr, on cran oromasom. H For an emy ynnnrentnoro nnera cnneny na nxonax. Hccnnt-cnneny. Tex cnxrtx nnxon Cenepy yspert ne npnmnoct. Ho uacro norom no nouam mepemnncx emy menor monooro monaxa: B noun snest uacrte n nonnout xomert xnocrarte Bnart, cnnena ooxrna romy ymy. H nor ceuac, n nynno noun, xontno sanopouanoct na nantne. Cenep crxnyn pyxannny. Fyntm nnamenem nontxnyn Hccnnt-xament, cnonno snesa saxrnact npomex nantnen. Honnout! noyman xnxst, npnntuno saxmypnnaxct. Camax nonnout. A nem cnnena neneer, cnonno cnnt pasannxercx noo. Orxya-ro ns-sa ropnsonra nononsno remnoe onaxo. Moposnt nosyx nanpyxnnnncx, cnonno xoren art ornop neneomo cnne. Berep nsnnxpnn cner nxpyronym. Co ncex cropon saryenn, sacronann, sasnenenn enn. H npyr uepnora merenn cmxna nce. Knxst rax n ne nonxn, ro nn xont, yraan uyrtem, nocxaxan na cner, ro nn ntmra, noxnarnn n nomat n ncannxa, mntpnyna nx x crenam sanopomenno necno nsymxn. Hepexpecrxct, Cenep pnanyn nept. B cenxx ntcnernnact ennutx ]nrypxa. Cneua n ee pyxe roruac noracna, no Cenep nce xe cymen pasrnxert, uro +ro Enena, out mecrnoro noenot. Knxst nnen ee ncero pas, n ona ne nponsnena na nero nneuarnennx. Ho ceuac on ysnan ee roruac. Berep ncxnnnnyn, cnonno peenox. Knxst ntnycrnn nept. Ona cryxnyna pesxo n rpenoxno. Bmnr Enena cxnarnna pyro nocneunnx c nocranna. unpxnyno ornnno. 3axrnact cneua. H noenocxax out nonepnynact x Cenepy. Hocmorpena na nero nanpxxenno, nnpnrnx. H Cenep ornen nsrnx. Hnxora ero, crarnoro n oraroro, ne cmymann xencxne nsrnxt. Hanpornn, nonx nx, xnxst ropnncx coo. A ryr cmyrnncx ne nomn nouemy. H +ro tno nnepnte. Mnp omy +romy, cxasan on ocnnmnm ronocom. Hpocrn mantnoro rocrx, Enena mnrpnenna. Ha nope nenoroa. Hosnont nepexart? Merent xpyxnr, ornernna noenocxax out n noana cneuy. Cenep nporxnyn pyxy n nsxn nocneunnx. Kament n ero xontne naxptncx antm orcnerom. 3ro n ecrt rno snamennrt xament? cnpocnna Enena. Cnnmn, nornxxy! Hecnnmaemt on, Enena mnrpnenna, mornyn ronono Cenep. Concem? 3apox an. He cnnmart. Hoxya ne nay. A uro nmemt? Toro ne ncrpernn. Xort noxaxn xontno. He xouemt? He xouy! orpesan xnxst n cam nonnnncx. uero npoe? Bcem noxastnan. Hnxoro ne xanen. H npyr +ry enuonxy xanxo?! Monoa eme, noyman on. Xnsnt nnepen. Mnoronnertx. 3aant. A +ror xament nnxomy eme necentx ne npnnocnn. Crapnx, npexnn xosxnn, o xontne ronopnn ne nerxoe ono. nx ncex nenerxoe. A nx rex, xnxxe, moxer, norxxentme pyrnx yer. onm cnom ree c nnm ncxart. Haemt nepcrent ora! A xomy orart ne cxasan. a n re ee nsxrt onm-ro? B pasntx crpanax tn. B samopcxnx xnxxecrnax. omo nepnyncx. Mnoro uero n xnsnn namen: nouer, orarcrno, nnacrt. A nor onn ne ctcxan noxya. A ncnyx xnxst cxasan: 3axononan, nnno, mo Hccnnt-xament. Kro na nero sarnxnrcx nex cmorpert saxouer. Hoxopntm nx menx craner. Vrn ne cmeer. He ornycxaemt?! 3auem ne ornycxam? He xonyn x, ne nopoxennx. B Hccnnt-xamne Cnnena sanpxrana. H rocxy no ro Cnnene xament n nmxx ynr. Vnnnr ero uenonex onaxt rocxonart naunnaer. Hcxart ncmy ry Cnnt. He naer xo mne xe n nopouaercx. Btxonr, n x yrn ne cmory? Btxonr. 3auem ree +ro xoneuxo, Enena mnrpnenna? Merent yrnxner, x ree nmoe npnnesy pynn, nsympy, xemuyr. Ecrt y menx. Oren naapnn. Hoxaxn +ro! Enena norxnynact sa xontnom, a rontxo xnxst nepexnarnn pyxy. Ofpepakfupoean u onynukoean ua cafe : PRESSI ( HERSON ) Knxsm npyr nouynnoct n ero naonn ne pyxa, a ncx ona, +ra crpannax oxptmnx. A moxer, n ne oxptmnx nonce, a cxasounax nrnna 3onoro nepo. Bcnyrnemt ynernr. He ctcxart norom Kax ona cma-ro nonana? Kax ns oma ntpnanact? He spx o ne pasronopt xoxr oront- enxa! A moxer, n nnpany noxasart? Moxer, e rax na poy nanncano n crapo necno nsymxe cnom rocxy-xpyunny narn? Bce naxonnn, c rex nop xax ponr Hccnnt-xament no cnery. Bexonax rocxa n rom xamne. Hepenepnyrt naont, cxasart: Cmorpn, Enena! Xapue cmorpn, omannax Xap-nrnna. Moe yemt. He ynerert ree n neo. A nsnernmt xo mne xe nopornmtcx! Hoxaxn, Cenep Pomanonnu! He cnno xe mne ree pyxy pasxnmart! a n ne ocnnnmt rt menx, Enena mnrpnenna. Konunm +ry saany! Hy uro x, nocnnm, ntmry nepexnax. Konunrcx merent paseemcx: rt x cee, x x cee. Cnonno n ne tno ncrpeun. 3auem rax? Moxno n no-pyromy. K orny rnoemy npney. Bor n cnnnmcx. Bce panno o +ro ncrpeue nomnnart ne cranem. ana sa nee ntntem. Bnno y menx sect ecrt. Eme axa enana. uro x, ecnn rontxo corpertcx. Kpyxxy ne ontme. Hpany npo rex ronopxr, Enena mnrpnenna. Feonax rt, ne oxsnnnax. A uero oxrtcx? Pasonnxon ryr ner neuncro cnnt onacamrcx, pyue nesamepsammn cropono oxoxr. 3naemt, xax ero n napoe sonyr? He Bemnnm ncroxom, xax n naro- pontx-ro omax, a ueprorpnmem ueprontm Hrpnmem. Tax uro nsymxy +ry nce cropono oxoxr. Hy a sapeer xaxo nnxomanen cryxny pasox. Pyxa y menx rxxenax. a n ronop no pyxo. B poy y nac oxsnnntx ne tno. A npana nn, Enena mnrpnenna, uro axa rnox nopoxee tna? Ionopxr, nx nopoxt +ry nsymxy crponna? Kaunynact cneua. Ocropoxno, Enena! Fea, xont n nropax cneua noracner. Cxopee! Bpemenn, npemenn mano! He xe, xnxst! 3a rex, Enena mnrpnenna! On ntnnn sannom. Bsrnxnyn na nee n yntnyncx. H npyr, ynnnenno oxnyn, pyxnyn na cron. Kyox ntnan ns pacxptro pyxn. Bce. Cenano! Tenept cnemn noxa ropnr cneua. Taxo sapox nepeana axa. Hoxa ropnr cneua +ro yer Tnoe Bpemx. 3axouemt naer na monona rocxa-xpyunna. 3axouemt naunercx merent. 3axouemt saneser xont x crapo nsymxe cnoero xosxnna. Bor on cnnr, onpoxnnynmnct na cron, xnxst Cenep Pomanonnu Ocrya. Pyxa cnncaer cnntnax, a renept ecnomomnax. Ha estmxnnom nantne rycxno mepnaer cnnn oront. Hao rontxo cnxrt n rnox yer Cnnena, Enena mnrpnenna. Hao rontxo cnxrt n exart! Hoxa ropnr cneua Pnanyna xontno noenocxax out. Bcntxnyno n pyxe cnnee nnamx. Enena! Her, ne mor on ounyrtcx! 3ro on penr. Ho nouemy penr nmenno ee nmenem?! Oronex na nocranne yx concem xoporox. Vxonr rnoe npemx, Enena. Hn o uem ne saymtnacx. Hn o uem ne xane. Cnemn, noxa ropnr cneua! Moxer, rontxo rax naono? Kaxt pas cnonno n xpann cpox? He ocx! Hnxro ne ynnnr rnoero xonx. Hnxro ne ysnaer, n xaxym cropony rt nonerena. Cner ner. Cner nce cnet noxpoer. Orxya ponrcx n uenonexe rocxa no Cnnene? For aer nnn txnon? He nce nn panno! Xnner n mnpe Cnnena. Mepnammax Cnnena osep. Cnnee nnamx nacnntxon. H neunax Cnnt noneectx. Fponr no cnery Cnnena. Conasnxer nme. Ionopxr, n crontnom rpae na xynone coopa xaxo-ro oromas cnnne snest ntnen. Foromasy-ro pyxn orpynnn, uro pyro raxo xpacort ne cornopnn. A xynen onn npnnes ns-sa mopx xpacxy xpacnr xoncr cnne-cnne. 3amopcxax cnnena txnontcxax. Kynna-ro ntrann. Ie nsxn? Monunr, ne cxastnaer. A onaxt, Enena cama cntxana, ronxonan onn crpannnx, uro re-ro ram, sa ntcoro noneecno, ecrt pyrne mnpt cnnne a npanente. Moxer, rax ono n ecrt. a rontxo coxrnn roro crpannnxa. uro ne onran nnmnero. Bnart, ocoax +ro rana Cnnena. H Cenep rana. Ie tn, uro nntnan nnxomy ne cxasan. A net ecxrt ner npocrpancrnonan. Hnuero ne npnnes onn Hccnnt-xament. Bnart, oporo ona, Cnnena-ro, ocraercx! Tenept x nemy nmn crpannte xoxr. H cam xnxst xnner ennenno, ranncrnenno. Cnntnt uenonex. Kax nosnan-ro: Enena! uyrt ne ocranonnnact. uyrt ne satna npo nce. A cmxnna nce-raxn. Oonena. He xoro-nnyt camoro xnxsx Ocryy Cenepa. Crpannoro xnxsx. Cryenoro. Ox, paocrt-nrnna! Bonpemx nn npnnerena? Xopomo noemt. Haonro nn ocranemtcx? Ecrt n necy eme ona noraennax nsymxa. He snaemt ne naemt. Onxrt xe axa crponna. Ono nnyuxe Enene rany orxptna. a n Enene camo snmo ne narn. Tponnnxy x ro nsymxe rontxo ee xont rneo snaer. Ero ro opore axa ner nxrt nasa nayunna, noxa xnna na +rom cnere. Ftn eme pyro rneo xepeunx, roxe axnn ntxopmtm, roxe snanmn opory, a crnnyn xya-ro. Tnxo n nsymxe. Crent nocxpnntnamr. Merent onana. Tontxo nerep yer. Enena nepenpaer nantnamn xemuyxnoe oxepente. Hccnnt-xament na ee nantne cxontsnr no cepepxnomy xemuyry. Kaxax paocrt rnxax nera esnpemente uy! A +ro ne nerep. Enonte nant cryuar, nomamrcx. H xoncxn xpan yro. Horonx!.. 3a oxnom ronor n pxanne. 3a oxnom cnncr n mepnanne ocnnonoro ]axena. 3a oxnom uyxo mnp. Bosnparnt. Fecronxont. Ofpepakfupoean u onynukoean ua cafe : PRESSI ( HERSON ) Oren! Horonx! Hoenenmnmn pyxamn cptnaer xemuyr Enena. Konunnoct ee npemx! Ceuac naunercx camoe crpamnoe. Boer oren. 3axpnunr. Horamnr omo. Ho opore cpamnrt yer. Horom onxrt rnmnna. H neunt cneprt nosyx, n xoropom neuem tmart. Xopomo Cenepy: on xnxst, on mor yexart. A ona cnnr ryr xnamne nropo ecxrox ner. ymno. Cepne tercx. yma pnercx. Tontxo es ronxy. Bce panno ne ntpnartcx ns ymntx noenocxnx noxoen. A ecnn n ntpnemtcx n xent xaxomy-nnyt oxpnny ra xe yxora, nepnnt a mxrnt yx o oypn. Tpemnr menxonax nnrxa. Karxrcx no rpxsnomy nony oropnte xemuyra. Konunnoct rnoe npemx, Enena mnrpnenna. Horacna rnox cneua. He naxno! Tenept nce ne naxno! Kontno c Hccnnt-xamnem ropnr na moem nantne. Co mno mox Cnnena. uro t nn cnyunnoct, renept x snam, xya npnrn. K Cnnene. Tontxo uro +ro?! Cnnt yro ntnneraer. Connne ncraer cnnena nponaaer. Heyxenn cner ynnaer ee? A moxer, nce oman? 3px nmn npo xament onrann? 3px Enena +roro Cenepa nomannna? Btxonr nce oman? Oren omanyn ne ceper ercxo paocrn. Cenep omanyn pacrpannn ymy nycrtm nanaxennem. Oren ronopnn: ecrt nasypnr, ronyen, can]np. Fnpmsa ecrt. Hccnnt-xamnx ner. Moxer, n nnpany ner? Ha nantne-ro ronyax nonna. A Cenep npocro xonyn. uepnt xonyn. Henpanent. Tontxo na ero pyxe xontno +ro xontno c Hccnnt-xamnem. Fexart! Fexart or ymntx noenocxnx noxoen, re nosyx nponnran mxrntm meom. Fexart or cnntntx pyx Cenepa, nonntx nanaxennx. Fexart or noxno cnnent +roro xamnx. Tontxo t ne nonacrtcx nnxomy n pyxn. Vexart, noxa cnoona. Ie-ro xe ecrt nacroxmax Cnnena. Cner, re rt, cner? Ie merent, cnna n nnxpt cnera? He cnacrn nam menx. Cxpexemyr nsnomannte sanopt. Iyxr cenn or rxxentx maron. Bptnamrcx n cenn moposnte xnyt napa. Berep xpyxnr cner, neo n snest. Kpyxnrcx. Bce xpyxnrcx. Hon nnsxo. Hononnnt n mepnnax. H rontxo rnasa. Inasa Cenepa. Orxya? Hamen, cnana re, Iocnon! Tax +ro ne noronx. He oren npnexan. Cenep npnmuancx sa cnoe nponaxe. H xax rontxo ntcnenn? He nomorno, nnart, axnno saxnxrte. Hamen! Bcera rnepnn cee ner ronapnma nepne rneoro. Tontxo on n ntpyunn. Cam xax no npnnxsxe npnmen. Fes nero ne namen nnxora t. Hamen, rax epn! Enena nporxnyna pyxy. Fepn cnoe xontno. H ne Cnnena ro nonce. Tax, nonna. He onxa xamnx, Enena mnrpnenna! He snaemt net, a ronopnmt. K yrpy on ncera ntnneraer. nem uyrt cnnentxn. 3aro noutm ero Cnnena n nonno cnne. Cama ynnnmt. Bce ono! 3anpa, xont namen. B raxym-ro ant esnn Tt npana nce nostmy, uro namen. 3x, Xap-nrnna, nmt xya sanerena! a rt, nnxax, nnauemt? Kax oxcnnrt e uTO namen? Oun ennutn. Cnnecnnne. na xnntx Hccnnt-xamnx. Bor ona onx-ro. Bor npo uro crapnx ronopnn. A x-ro, ypax, ncm semnm oomen. Fontno anexo ncxan, nnno. B uyxnx xpaxx cnoe onn ner. 3ect ona, pxom. Cama npnmna. Ho xax ctcxana yxent no Hccnnt-xamnm? Bor nx uero, nnart, tn on naoen necnnmaemt. Ho pas onx namnact, orart xament nyxno. Tontxo xomy? Komy? Bam, moxer? Kpyxnr net no cnery Xaxa Cnnent. Xaxa Cuacrtx Anmn nnxpt Beeeua Ha+uuucuoeo ouoma Buepa tna oxora. 3arpannnn c mxnny nonxon. Bym, cnncr, no. o cnx nop no nopy nanxmrcx oyrnennte ]axent. Bon, na yono nepn nonanennax ocxa. Hontnnnmn Xmapt rxnyn saxxenntm ]axenom. Hocne oxort ncm nout rynxnn. Horom nect ent apon npocnan. K neuepy rontxo rnasa orxptn. Vmar not na ronony onpoxnnyn. o cnx nop tmart neuem. Fapon nonxncx na amnm. Hoomen x onnne. Bnnsy, y xpax xonma, ropenn xocrpt. Htrane, ocrannn xnnrxn, ypno xpnuann uro-ro na cnoem roprannom xstxe, cnopnnn, uro nn? 3! xpnxnyn apon, cnycxaxct. Ha necrnnny ntexan Xmapt, ntrnpax sacanennte nocne oea ryt. Cnemnn. Horomy xax snan, uro apon cxop n rnene. uro ne rax nnn c nomenennem sa ro pacnpana yer. Heapom apona +roro, nenecrt orxent n Hammnno npnexanmero, Pesnxxom xnnuyr. a emy nopesart n sapesart uro nonnt xnenyrt. Xmapt cxnonnncx xnonennax cnnna npxmym mem cepexer. Ho Pesnxx oruero-ro mennn c npnxasom. Tam, nnnsy, cxasan on naxonen, ram ntrane. Hpnnen ntranxy! Kaxym? yxmtntnyncx Xmapt. Ty, uro cama saxouer npnrn. Xmapt ntexan. A apon cmorpen ns oxna na ant oront pxnn, na xpacnte nncrtx xnena. Xmapt uro-ro ronopnn ram, nnnsy, pasmaxnnax pyxamn. Hs ronnt ntmna ntranxa. Homna sa Xmapem. Onn nonxnnct na ranepem samxa. Xmapt nnepen, no-npexnemy yxmtnxxct. Htranxa sa nnm, cxpecrnn pyxn no mantm. Ofpepakfupoean u onynukoean ua cafe : PRESSI ( HERSON ) Fapon ntxnyn na cnyry, ror mrnonenno nonxrnncx. Xnonnyna nept. Pesnxx nonepnyncx x ntranxe. He xpacannna n ne ypoxa. Cxontxo ner ne pasepemt. Hnno cmyrnoe. Rxa necrpax. Bant anax. Bcx rax n xonr. Cnonno nnxpt xpyxnr. Horaaemt? Fapon nporxnyn e pyxy. Her. Ho pyxe ne raam! Ona sacmexnact. Cmex tn snonxn, nnuyrt ne oxsnnnt. Ho xapram? Her! He raam! H cnona cmex. He ymeemt, uro nn? Houemy? Bce ymem. He xouy! Xouemt, noraam no snesam? Tontxo nanepx nao. Ha amnm. V rex ntcoxne amnn. Hoem! H onn nomnn. Hecrnnna nnnronax. Xenesnax. Bcx npopxanena. A uro y rex sect, apon? Htranxa cnpocnna n ornena rnasa. Cnyr epxy, xoropte nponnnnnnct. Eme nponer nanepx. Crynenn cxpnnxr, xauamrcx. A ryr? Bopnmex epxy, nonpomaex. Rxa no crynenxm rax n xpyrnrcx. B rnasax pxt or +rnx nonoc pasnonnerntx. A ryr xro? Bant no nneuam nepeepnynact. Anax axpoma no cnnne pacxarnnact. Tyr poxra onn. Ionopnr, monax. Hs monacrtpx exan. B roax yxe n xnopt. Tax ornycrnn t. 3auem epxart xnoporo? Feconcxne peun ronopnr. nopnm mom cmymaer. Bce, ronopnr, uro no onnm neom, omee. Bce, ronopnr, poxrcx nontntmn. A nontntm, ronopnr, nonx Honxnnct na amnm. Hoomnn x onnne. Bnnsy nontxann xocrpt. uepntmn renxmn noxpyr nnnnct xoponot. Inrapa snenena uro-ro onoronno n sanopaxnnamme. Hmt, xax rnon nsnecennnnct! ntoxnyn apon. Ceronx Hout ntrancxo pyxt. Fontmo npasnnx. Bce, xro noxpyr onoro xocrpa noyr, camte nepnte pystx yyr. He cxyuno xnnere. Her. He cxyuno. A mne raart-ro yemt? Ona ncrpenenynact: Fyy! Btepn cee snesy, apon. He ymax. Hayra! Bon ram! For c roo, apon! Tam ner snest. Pasne rt nnnmt ram snesy? A uro, ner? Bon mnraer! Heyxenn nnnmt? Crpamnt rt uenonex, apon. 3ro Anrapec, uepnax snesa. Ona xyer crpaxn n onnouecrno. K ne opamamrcx uepnte marn. Ho ynnert ee nm ne ano. Tontxo nonxn nnxr +ry snesy. Hoymaemt, nonxn!.. Buepa nenanart mryx nsxnn. Fontmax oxora Cntxana. unaxxn xpacnte nnana. Ho necy rpenemyr. Bnnsy ynt pacctnannct uacrtmn yapamn. Kocrpt nsnnnnct ax o onaxon. Hcxpt samerannct. H n nx roueuntx ornxx ncntxnynn ante nncrtx xnena. 3axpyxnnnct n ornennom nnxpe. 3arpenerann, cropax. Fapon ncrpenenyncx: pyrnx saan ner. Iaa na uro ecrt! Xouemt, paccxaxy npo pyrne saant? Htranxa ncxnnyna pyxy. Anax axpoma cxontsnyna no nnny apona. Bnnmt enym necrxmym rouxy? Ecnn onro cmorpert sanopaxnnaer. H rxner-npnrxrnnaer. He oropnartcx! 3ro 3annax. 3nesa nsroen n ornepxenntx. Ho +ro n snesa ntrancxo pyxt. Kro na nee sacmorpnrcx poxro craner. 3aory cxnner. Heuant cxnner. K cnnnm mopxm noer, x senentm necam. Kaxt ent nonoe mecro. Kaxt ent nonte nmn. Kaxt ent nonax xnsnt. yma nonax! Vrpom neo rnoe. Houtm snest rnon. Mnp nect rno. Tt ero nnatxa n nonennrent. Mnp npoxonr cxnost rex. Bontnomy nonx! .Bontnomy nonx. Ie on +ro yxe cntman?.. Hmt rt n onpare onxrt santnn nonxn. Hnuero! 3anrpa Xmapt nx orcrpenxer. A nennoxo tno t norn sa +ro necrxme sneso. Hpocro nrn. Hn o uem ne xanex. Hn o uem ne ymax. Xnsnt nonax. yma nonax. Mnp npoxonr cxnost rex. H ne crpamno. A paocrno!.. Tenn noxpyr xocrpa nnnsy nsmernynnct nnepx. ecxrxn uepntx pyxanon ncxnnynnct n onann. Xoponot pacctnannct. Bce cmemanoct. uro +ro onn? H re +ra ntranxa? Fapon xnnyncx x necrnnne. Toponnnno nepemarnyn nponer. uepr! nept x monaxy, x +romy poxre, orxptra. Tax n ecrt xnmua ner na noxce. Cramnna, netma! 3nana, sa uem mna. H net ne nooxnact! H pan xoro?! On xe xnopt, na naan tmnr Fapon cxarnncx c necrnnnt. Btneren no nop. Xoren xpnxnyrt, uro saepxann, no cnyr ne tno. Htranxa c monaxom yxe nnnsy y xocrpon. A ram n xnnrxn copant. H noman nnpxxent. Cro! saopan on n remnory. Cnyrn, xo mne! Bxypy cnymy! Fapon ntneren na oront. Hpxmo nepe nnm no ry cropony xocrpa croxnn poxra n ntranxa. Kpacnnte n cnere nnamenn n monote. Vtm! saptuan on n nptrnyn uepes xocrep. Koporxo ncxpnxnyna ntranxa n pesxo ntrxnyna nnepe pyxy. Xryuax axpoma ooxrna nnno. Kpyranyn ant nnxpt. Ofpepakfupoean u onynukoean ua cafe : PRESSI ( HERSON ) Bce ntpocno n rnasax apona +rn noe, yracammn xocrep, xnenonte renn. 3anaxno naneno mepcrtm. 3amnrana na nee xponano-uepnax snesa. Anrapec. 3annax. Hout ntrancxo pyxt. A ero uro xe, pocnnn sect onoro?! Fapon nonxn mopy n santn. Cnntnee, nporxxnee. Hao, urot ycntmann n samxe! Hao, urot sanrpa nauanact ontmax oxora! Ceronn noutm ne npne1cn cna1t Beeeua epeeuu Hepuuumuo C neenm, xax axa Hacractx yexana na oromonte. A o +roro mecxn nnnnna Inea: nentsx, nnyuox, xnrt es paocrn!.. Fyro y nero mano paocre n xnsnn? Forar. 3naren. Poonnr. Hacnennx poa oxpcxoro. Kpacnn, ymen, ynaxaem. 3ro n nanart-ro ner! uyrt ne nonnoenocrna ns ero pyx xopmnrcx. Cam noenoa xaxt ent x cee sastnaer. Bor rontxo ouxa ero Arnax. Crponrnnnna. Ha xstx epsxa. cno noenocxax. Ftna t out Bantxn-xnmunnxa, nomanxnnana t!.. Monoo oxpnn npnmnopnn xonx. Hao ycnert o remnort. Hpana, axa ronopnna, ryr neanexo exart. Bor none xonunnoct renept nanpano. Kont nocnymno nonepnyn, no era ne cannn. opt xont. Faxy ne nepeyenmt. Bnacrnoro npana oxptnx Hacractx Cannnuna. Bor n nnyxa n pyxax xpenxo epxnr. Hoexan t on nyume ceronx x noenoe, a npnxonrcx necrnct x nopoxee, c xoropo y axn crapte oronopennocrn. H ne orneprnmtcx, net cnono an. Hacractx Cannnuna yxe n opoxnom nosxe cnena, eme nxrt nosxon c coo pana xax xe, poonnrax oxptnx copanact na oromonte, a nce nnyxy naxast xpnuana. Konna nocnenero naxasa on, npana, ne pasopan nosox n nyrt rponyncx. 3aro nauano cronr n ymax: He sayt! ena, xax x ronopnna! a pasne ronopnna? Bannnnana! Ho cro pas na nm: Kax nepnt nner uepemyxn ncxpoercx, ooxn eme ent. Ha rpern, xora connne nauner xnonnrtcx, n noesxa. Kax pas na saxare nocneemt. Hsy npnsnaemt npas: yer ona ncx n uepemyxe. H rouno mnmo ne npoeemt. Feno xonno uepemyxonax poma cronr na nyrn. yx saxnartnaer. cno, uro rxnyno cma axy, xpacora neoxnannax. Herponyrax. Fenax xpacora. Hy a ne o xpacort renept. eno ecrt. Foxpnn cnptrnyn c noman, npnnxsan ee, neonro ymax, npxmo x uepemyxonomy crnony. Hapan ropcrt xamymxon n nauan nerontxo xnart n oxno. Onn, nropo, rpern. Horom nepeptn. Horom eme onn, nropo. Bce, xax yunna axa. Oxno pacrnopnnoct. Hoxasanact ]nrypa n remnom anaxone, axe nonoct uepno rpxnnne noopant. uro nao? 3pancrny, crapax. oxpnn Ine. Mox axa c roo oronapnnanact oxptnx Hacractx Cannnuna. H o uem? neoymenno nporxnyna nopoxex. Ine rpxxnyn pyctmn nonocamn: Cama xe rpeonana, urot x npnexan. 3anamxronana, uro nn? Ionopnna moe axe, uro xouemt xenanne moe ncnonnnrt. Bopoxex nsoxnyna: H uero xenaemt? 3entx npnnopornoro. K uemy ono ree? Tnoe xaxoe eno, crapax xapra! xoren ornernrt oxpnn, no noocrepercx n ncnyx cxasan: Buepact Arnax, noenocxax ouxa, nao mno nacmexnact. uro x, ona xpacannna, x romy x anonannax. Ha rnasax y ncex nme ne n mom nonosxy cena, a x oxpnny A]anacteny! Hy, +ror rpex nerxo npocrnrt. Tt npocrnrt moxemt. Tee sa cemtecxr. Hoxnna cnoe! A x eme n rpern ecxrox ne pasmenxn. He xouy npomart. He npner Arnax no-xopomemy npnercx no-nnoxomy. Ho pasne Hacractx Cannnuna ne ronopnna, uro npnnoporamn Mapra nnxora ne sannmanact? Ionoc nopoxen sasnyuan snonxo n neroymme. Tax uro nosnpamacx omo, oxpnn! Hy yx ner! n rax ne conpancx cma exart, a axa npncrana, xax pene. Esxa, ronopnr, Mapra Hnxynnmna rnoe sanernoe xenanne ntnonnnr. ncm opory yman, uro t raxoe noxenart? Tenept snam. Xouy, uro ropxuxa Arnax cama menx o nmnn nonpocnna. B norax nycrt nonanxercx! ocronoe xenanne! Mapra ]tpxnyna. Heyxro pyrnx ner? 3naemt, uro ropxuxa mne cxasana? Xouemt, ronopnr, uro x rex nonmnna, cyme npnnopoxnrt. Tax net npnnopor nopoxa. eno rpemnoe! Tee nn, Mapra Hnxynnmna, o rpexax nomnnart? Paccxastnana mne aymxa, xax nt c ne n monoocrn norynxnn. Kax no xpmapxam esnnn, xpacannen n rno omnmxo samannnann a n necennnnct no nce rxxxne. nac ne ocyxam nn rex, nn axy Hacractm. 3nam, uro e mo nsnepr tn, nn ee, enym, cmeprntm oem. Bor ona n norynnnana or nero. Hacxn-ro net xouercx. Heoct mnorontxo myxnxon nt c ne npnnopoxnnn n ne onnx xynnon-xopoennxon, a oxp roxe? uro tno ro tno! nepenna oxpnna Mapra. a rontxo or ceronxmne nopoxt nect rpex na ree yer! Ofpepakfupoean u onynukoean ua cafe : PRESSI ( HERSON ) Hycxa, cornacnncx Ine. Tt cena, ram nocmorpnm. Tontxo cama noyma, oxpnn nonno rpytm noxnyn uepemyxont yx, xaxne moryr trt rpexn n raxom enom mecre?.. 3a rpanamn n pyrne mecra noem. B neca a n onora. Hao noem. Ho net xnonorno! nx npnnopora-ro ns nst n nept ne ntemt. uepes oxno ntnesart nao. Pas oemana, snaunr, nest! pxnxnyn Ine. Mapra nsoxnyna, nooxana, no nonesna. Foxpnn xnnyncx nomorart. Crapyxe nce-raxn sa cemtecxr. Tontxo ra oxasanact nectma pesno nerxo cnptrnyna na semnm, ne oxnaxct nomomn. Vronopnym ]pasy nomnnmt? cnpocnna ona. 3axanunna sa mno: ceronx noutm ne npnercx cnart Honyunm nce no xenannm namemy, npoopmoran Ine. Bnn monua. Vxonnn or uepemyxonoro nnera cranonnnoct nce remnee. Hyna, uro nn, saxptnanact onaxamn? Bnyrpn Inea napacrano uyncrno nensnecrnocrn. ocat. H uero nonepcx?.. Hauancx nec. H xora nyna saxonna sa onaxa, nce noxpyr noxptnana rement. Hecxontxo pas oxpnn ocrynancx, nennxncx sa xopnn. B xonne xonnon rpoxnyncx. Btpyrancx. Bcran. Crapyxa xpyrnnact noxpyr, no ne nomorna, a rontxo nonnna macna n oront: Cam noxenan npnnopornoro sentx. Hocnema renept! Kya rt menx ramnmt? osnonncx Ine. npnexan sente nsxrt, a ne no necam macrart! Heua snnrtcx! orpesana axa. nx nacroxmero npnnopora rpant nao pnart c rem, xomy npenasnauent. pyrne nopoxen camn napxr! Oman +ro. He ecrnenno. Tax, uro entry copnart. Ho xont Mapra Hacracte Cannnune nooemana, yem enart no-nacroxmemy. Hyna naxonen-ro ntpanact ns onaxon. Crano xort uro-ro nnart. Mapra sacyernnact: ana, noxa cnerno, naem epesonym necorontpxy! Ona nonecnact nnepe. Kpyxnna no necy. Htpxna no enxn. B ee-ro rot! V camoro oxpnna nce cnnt yxonnn na ro, uro ne rpoxnyrtcx npyropxt. Hy, re rt ram? Ionoc Maprt npocro snenen or nerepnennx. Hocnema! Ho cama ona npyr ocranonnnact na ynanmnm epesontm crnonom. Bnnmt? Ine nnuero ne nnen. Farmmxa necono! Crapyxa noxnonnnact na uertpe cropont. Hosnont nsxrt. He camn epem nyxa sacrannxer! Ionoc snyuan ne no-sayuennomy, a ynnnenno n asaprno. Fyro ona n cama ne nepnna, uro naer, no, nao xe, namna! Fepesonax necorontpxa! Crapyxa oropana uro-ro c nonanenno epest n cynyna Iney no noc. Ho-xnnxnomy uara, penecnt rpn. Hepnentxn! Ee rnasa ropennno cnepxnynn n remnore. Fyro namna ne rpn nepnt, a nepnt pnnnnanr. Tenept nonecercx sa nroptm. H rouno. Hanopor! paocrno nponosrnacnna ona. Tenept nao narn monoo nanopornnx! a ne nnart nnuero! uem cnntnee cnom Arnam nmnmt, rem tcrpee naemt! A moxer, ryr nnxaxnx nanopornnxon n ner? onxrt oosnnncx Ine. H uemy crapax rptmsa payercx? Hmt, xax pasnnxonanact Pas ne namen nn onoro nanopora, nmnmt nnoxo! Koro nmnrt-ro? ypy xanpnsnym Arnam Marnenny? a ona rontxo raxomy cmypnomy, npoe A]anactena, n cronrcx. Taxym nenonart rnasa saxptnart. Bona rno nanopornnx! Mapra croxna na xpam nonxnt. Pnn rpn nncra. H sauem ree sente npnnopornoe? Hnxaxym Arnam rt ne nmnmt Kaxercx, crapax netma sayntanact. Ine npocro nspenen: He rnoe eno! Hay, xoro npnnopoxnrt! A es nopoxt enxn ne cmorpxr? cexnnnuana crapax xapra. Homonun, samny! Ine uyrt ne ueprtxnyncx. 3ro n necy-ro, re ncxxax neuncrt n cnne. Hy, ocrana crapax! Mapra mernynact n cropony noocropoxnnact nce-raxn n ryr xe sanpnunrana: A nona, xax no saxasy, nnanon nner! 3ro xe pomamxa otunax. Heua syt saronapnnart! Komy otunax, a xomy ner. 3ro ontmax pomamxa, eme nononnnxom sonyr. A no marnn nnanon nner. Beser ree, oxpnn. Otuno xpyxnmt-xpyxnmt no necy, uro nce copart. A ryr nce na ono nonxne. Ceuac eme pasnnnxy pxnnt copnem n x onorny. Bnmt, xax nnera na pxnne mnoro no ocenn oraro yponrcx. Bce-ro rt snaemt! noxonon Ine. Vunnact neoct y axn cnoe. Tt nor uro npo pxnny snaemt? Pxnnonxy ns nee enamr. Xopoma nacroxa! Ine meurarentno ncnomnnn, xax at n ennute no ocenn xnonouyr nepe uanamn, nonntmn pxnnt. uro-ro nenpocroe enamr. Tanoe. Penenr nnxomy ne ntayr. 3aro uepes mecxn-nonropa npnnecyr n noxon Hacracte Cannnune nepnym uapxy pacnpoonart Ofpepakfupoean u onynukoean ua cafe : PRESSI ( HERSON ) cno, myxnx, o pxnnonxe rontxo n ymaer. snnrentnt ronocox ntnen Inea ns meurann. A npo ro, uro pxnna or nmo neuncrn samnrnrt moxer, snaemt? A npo ro, uro nmym noy ouncrnrt moxer? Kax +ro? Onycxa n noy cnexym pxnnony nerxy a noepxn uyrox. Hmax noa nx nnrtx npnrona craner. uepemyxy raxxe ncnontsonart moxno. Hpana, n nnere ona cnntnee. a, nnart, axa mnorontxo snaer. Bor x xomy namnx enox na yuente noctnart nao. A ro cnxr no omam xnamnx xnamne. Monuar a neennt cocyr mxrnte. yx raxo ne npooxnemt. Cnaxn, nnnxn. A pasronopxrcx roro xyxe. Bpoe Arnan. Beuopact, ronopnr, mamama menx cunrart yunna. Ho rapaxanam. Kax rapaxana ytem rax courem. Copox mecrt rapaxanon nacunrann. Mapra, a rt nncart-cunrart ymeemt? Mapra, xoneuno, ne nncapt, no nomanentxy ncera morna. Crapyxa nsoxnyna. A nor nnyuxa xopomo moxer. Cnennantno y txuxa yunnact. Bcemy cuery, rpamore. mxe nmnrentnnna oxasanact. Tax y rex nnyuxa ecrt? Ine ncxpenne ynnnncx. Hnxora net Hacractx Cannnuna o nnyuxe Maprnno ne nomnnana, xorx o camo Mapre paccxastnana uacro. Ie x nnyuxa- ro? C ponrenxmn? Ponrenn anno ymepnn, nexorx nporonopnna Mapra. C axo xnner. A ceuac re? Ho necy xonr. Ona? Ho nouam? A uero oxrtcx? Ona ncm oxpyry c ercrna snaer. Heoct n rex xpacannna? Ftnn xe xpacannnt n cnoe npemx +ra nor Mapra nnn axa Hacractx. Heapom crapyxn n nmcxo o cnx nop raxom nomnnamr nx neoptm cnonom. Bnart, mnornx myxe Mapra c Hacracte cmannnn. A renept nce ronopxr, Ine n axy nomen n nnnom n crartm. Ecnn n y Maprt nnyuxa xpaco n nee nomna meura, a ne enxa. Xant, nponaer n necno cropoxxe. Toro xyxe, no pyxam saesxnx xynnon noer. 3x, tna t nonx, raxnx ymnnn- xpacannn nepecennn t n oxpcxne nanart. A rex xnamne n epenxnnte nst. Hexora tno rapaxanon nepecunrtnart. Paorart npnmnoct t. Moxer, nayunnnct uemy Cmorpn-xa! Ionoc Maprt onxrt ntnen ero ns ym. uernepnx! uertpe crnona c onoro xopnx pacryr. Ceuac xenanne saraaem! Ona tcrpo saexana n npocrpancrno mexy uertptmx ronentxnmn crnonamn, nocroxna cexyny n ntnerena: ana rt! a cxopee! Ine noomen, nennxxct sa crnont. Houemy-ro semnx yxnyna ns-no nor. Bor t raxym enuonxy narn xpacannny! nponecnoct n ronone. A Mapra yxe rxnyna sa pyxan: Hem xe! Onosaem! Bon snesa ntrnxnyna. Hpn uem ryr snesa? Kya onosaem? Cenn t, oroxnynn. Tt uero, oxpnn? Cnnt pacrepxn? Bnart, xanoe xenanne saraan. Bce cnnt n nero ymnn. A rt nce nocnmtcx. Hentsx ocranannnnartcx. eno name saronopennoe. C ocranonxn opo n xyo oparnrtcx moxer. Crapyxa noxnarnna Inea n noramnna na cee. Tontxo anexo nn yramnmt raxoro soponoro a moryrnoro? Hpnmnoct x epeny npncnonnrt. Ine croxn, cnrt c ronxy. Cnn ne tno. Ho ne +ro nopasnno ero. On rontxo uro onnman ner, ne crapyxy. Xorx ona tna crapyxo. Ho reno ennute, nannroe! Crapyxa Betma! He ona nn ero cnny nsxna? Cama nomonoena. A c nnm uro yer? Cnennantno axy Hacractm yronopnna nnyxa npncnart. Monooro! uro na cex monoocrt nepenecrn. uero rt cran-ro nent nnem? Bropax snesa nomna! Ionoc snyuan nnsrnnno, rpenoxno. Bon yxe onorne. Fopen-rpany copnem n omo. o rperte snest ycnert nao. Benennct! 3atn yronop ceronx noutm ne npnercx cnart!.. Tontxo Ine ne mor nomenennrtcx. Crpax cxonan. Fent crpax. Henecomt. Kax yx uepemyxn. Crpax nponons no noram, nonnmancx nnepx. 3axnarnr ronony xonen Ine nauan ncnomnnart monnrny. Ho mtcnn nyrannct. Iyt ne cnymannct. Ceuac +ra netma npnnnsnrcx. Orue nam! Hxe ecn na neecex Orcrynnna. a cnxrnrcx nmx rnoe Oromna. a npnner napcrnne rnoe! a yer nonx rnox! Kya ona? Mapra nnmnyna n noexana. Camo npnercx rpany copnart. Bropax snesa yxe n cnny nomna. A xax rpertx noxnnrcx, es open-rpant moxno n ne ntcroxrt. Hemax, xyxe roro onornnna, sapart moryr sa ro, uro ne ynoxnnnct nonpemx. Cop rpan na npnnopor eno nemyrounoe. Onacnoe. A Ine-oxpnn, xax nasno, cnaauxom oxasancx. Hepnax xe nonna cnnt ero n naxptna. Ine nornxontxy npnxonn n cex. Mtcnn nponpannct nsanexa, ntrecnxx crpax. Homorn, Iocnon! Xnntm ntepyct nect xpam cneuamn ycrannm. Monacrtpm orart nxna ornnmy. Kaxt ent cam monnrtcx yy. Faxe Hacracte c +ro netmo snartcx sanpemy. H ryr na necom noneren xpnx. Iocnon, uro +ro?! Ofpepakfupoean u onynukoean ua cafe : PRESSI ( HERSON ) A-a-a! Ine epnyncx. Bcxounn. Hoexan. Homornre! a ryr xe onoro! Horn cxontsxr. Tnna uanxaer. Tont! Ine! Ine! 3ro Mapra. Kro x eme? Ho ronoc snonxn. ennun. Hepenyrannt nacmeprt. A ny xax nonymxa? 3asoner crapyxa, nocnenmm cnny nostmer, a camoro n onoro! uro x, pocnrt? Vronner net Mtcnn xonornnnct, xax cepne n rpyn. A norn-pyxn paorann. Kax ntramnn ns rpxcnnt, n cam ne nonxn. Btnonox uro-ro nnnxoe, rpxsnoe. Boa pyutem. a n cam ne nyume. 3anyrancx n ee uepnom anaxone. Pnanyn a n onemnn B cnone nynnoro cnera nponnnnct na nneun nonoct sonorte, nnnnmmne, moxpte. Inasa rnxnynn ncnyrannte, nsmyuennte, concem mnte. Tt xro? Ionopn! Ine sarpxc enuonxy. Mapra? Betma? Bnyuxa x ee. enuonxa oceana n ero pyxax ro nn or ncnyra, ro nn or eccnnnx. A re Mapra? Hpany ronopn! Ine ptnxom nocrannn ee na norn. Oparno n onoro pomy! Vmepna Mapra. A x nnyuxa ee! Ionocox npearentcxn sapoxan. Ceuac sannauer nnn, roro xyxe, n omopox rpoxnercx. Ine ocnann xnarxy. Ho enuonxa npyr ntpnanact n nonecnact npout. Ine xnnyncx ncne. Harnan tcrpo. Ocranonnn pesxo: Paccxastna! uro?! Vmepna Mapra! Tpertero nx cxoponnnn. Kax uepemyxe sannecrt. A menx sauem ntsnana? Orxya mne snart? He x snana. Ona! enuonxa cnona ntpnanact n samarana x omy. Ine nomen pxom. Bnn monua. Kax nnauane. Hpomnn necox. Ine ne ntepxan: Btxonr, rt nmecro nee menx no necy nonna? Btxonr A sauem? Houemy ne cxasana, xro rt? A rt cnpamnnan?! Onn nomnn n uepemyxont ca. Bnepen sanecreno oxno. enuonxa ocranonnnact, npnmnpnrentno norxnyna Inea sa pyxan: Tt ne xypnct! nce no npannnam cenana. Bce copana. 3ente cnapnrt eme ycneem. Koneuno, ceronx yxe ne npnercx cnart Ona npouna neoymenne n ero nnne. 3amonuana. Vcntmana nerepnennnoe pxanne npnnxsannoro xonx. H ryr xpaem rnasa ynnena rent. uro-ro orpomnoe mernynoct x Iney. Horom pocnnoct na nee. Ona eme ycnena ycntmart xpnx oxpnna: Bonx!, ynnert nacrt c rpomantmn syamn, omyrnrt xpocrnoe txanne H nce nponano. Oron! Hpout! Ine notman enuonxy, ns nocnennx cnn ntraxct ornrtcx. Hmnmax coaxa, nposnannax Bonxom, nensnecrno orxya nsxnmaxcx, nocropxenno nptrana noxpyr. Memana nnecrn enuonxy n nsy. Hpnmnoct orornart noro n nnnxom orxptrt nept. Crpanno, no na nocranne ropenn ne cneun. Konenmmnecx ncnonoxn ocnernnn ennute nnno. Iocnon! a ona n nnpxmt xpacannna! Bor uyeca-ro Taxo xpacore no nopne xnrt, a ne n yoro nauyxxe. Ine npyr xcno ynnen, xax cnnr on n cnonx napantx noxoxx, axa Hacractx no nenym pyxy, enuonxa no npanym. a yx n nnpxmt uyeca! Bonx, ero nxn Bonx, xoropt nnxoro x cee ne nonycxan, nnsan enuonxe pyxy. Btxonr, npnsnan xosxxy. Hpocnn npomennx, uro nanyran. Bnnxn xnocrom ne xoren, mon. H cam oxpnn Ine nepemnnancx, xax ypax, c norn na nory, ecnomomno nonropxx: Mapra, ounnct, Mapra! He Mapra x, rnxontxo npomenrana enuonxa. Haexa. H oruernnno ncnntn ronoc Hacractn Cannnunt, oresxanme na oromonte: He sayt! ena, xax x ronopnna! A norom Ine npyr nonxn, uro ntxpnxnyna aymxa, xora nosox rponyncx n nyrt: Cryna cnom naexy ncxart! Touno namen. Touno cnom. H rouno no yronopy: ceronx noutm ne npnercx cnart