3 (741)

mat.1september.ru

1992 .

310

c. 37

c. 22

1september.ru

. 6

c. 41

2013
: c - 32030 ( ), 26113 (); - 79073 ( ), 12717 ()



:

( )
:

( )
, IT :

( )
,
:

:

-
:
:

()

35

/

140

12

77-44335 21.03.11

: 13.02.13,
13.02.13 _________


. , . 1, ,
. , 142300; : www.chpk.ru;
E-mail: sales@chpk.ru; : 8(496)726-54-10,
8(495)988-63-87

Shutterstock
:
---.
: .

:
. , . 24, , 121165
/ : (499) 249-3138
: (499) 249-9870
:1september.ru

:
: (499) 249-4758
E-mail: podpiska@1september.ru

2013

37

/
,

41

..

. , .

. ,
. ,
. ,
. ,

. ,
. ,
. ,
. ,
. ,

. ,
. ,
. ,
. ,
. ,
. ,
. ,
. ,
. ,
. ,
. ,
. ,
.

310

14
16

49

.
/

/ ,
,
XXI .

. , . ,
. , . ,
.

17

.
6 . 7

53

. , .

:
10. .

20

60

22

62

26

/ CD

64

, , CD-.

1992 .

:
: .
. : .
: . , . , .
: .
: .
: .

31 677 .

. : (499) 249-3460
E-mail: mat@1september.ru
: mat.1september.ru

:
: 32030; 26113;
: 79073; 12717

, TIMSS,
. , 25%

. 75%? , , , , , ,
. , ! , , , -
, , ,
. . . .
, , ,
. TIMSS, . ,
? .

? ,
, ?
? ,
, , ,
, .
: + +
. ,
, , .
, 1- : .
, , ,
. , . .
.

3
3

2013

140

http://oldmos.ru/

2013

. 2 2009 .
.
1872 . . , , , , .. , ; .. ,
, ;
.. ; .. .
1918 . : -, -
( , -
) . 1919 .
- 1- .
(19181919 .) 2- , , ,
.
1921 . 2- , , 1924- 2- . ( ) , 1.
2030- . XX . - 2- , .. , , ; .. -

; ..
, ;
.. , ,
, ,
; .. ;
.. ,
; .. , .
1930 . 2- ,
2- . 2- .
.. , 19411990 . . .. . 1934 . 7 : , , , , , .

,
, 3- . 1944-
.
. . ,
1960 . . .. ,
.
5060- . . ,

: , ,
.
,
.
, . . , . ,
. , . , . , . ; . , . ;
. , . ; . .
, , .

, ,
; , .
-,
- , .. , .. , .. , .. , .. .
19701980 . ,

. , , - ,
, . , -

711- , .

,
. 1990 .

.
18 5
, 17 73 .
,
. ,
, , , - . c .. .
, , , , .

5
5

2013

 : 3 1 0

1703 .

http://library.petrsu.ru/rarebook/arifmetika.jpg

., .
. , .

1. ..
(, 1914, 2-
).
2. -
, . VII, . 205210
267308, . VIII, . 2847 106145.
3. .. . . ., 1997.

2013

5- . .
310-
.. .
: 1) ;
2) : .., .., .. : 5 : . .: -, 2012; 3) .
:
, .
..
...
, ....
..
. .
: , , , .
CD-.

http://library.mpgu.edu/v-pomosch-chitatelyu/iz-fonda-redkoi-knigi/kollekciifonda-redkih-izdanii/2/arifmetika-leontiya-magnickogo-5

1.
?
, ?

.
.
,

, .
,
,

.
, ,
,

, .
,
,

.
. , ? : .. .
, , .
! , ,
,
, . ,


.
. ,
. , :
. , 300 !
.
,
.
1. () (9 (19) 1669 19 (30) 1739) XVIII .,
.
2. .

. ..

,
, . ,
XVIII .
I:
. , ,
2.

,
,
, :


.
,

.
(.. )
1. 1684
-
.
.

,
.
4.
, , !
,
...
, , !
, ,
...
! ?
.
.
...

7
7

2013

 : 3 1 0

:
.
:
,

.
, ,
?.. , !

, !
,


.

- ,

!
:
, ...

, !
,
,

,
, ,
,
,
!
(.. )
2. 16851694 . -- .
, , ,
. .
I
.
I , , .
1. 16941701 . ,
. .
2. I :
,
,

2013

, 1695 ., 1934 .

1701 . I
,
, . , , , .
. 21 1701 . . 1703 .

.
, .
.
1. .
, , .
,
.

8
8

 , , ...
.
, .
.
.
, I . , .
, .
. , , : \ .
2. , , ,
.
, ,
. ,
. , ,
, .
5.

,

,
,
, !

,


.
,
,
,
;

.
,
,
,
.
(.. )
1. I
1701 .

1220 , .
. 1703 .
300 , 1711- 500.
(,
). , , ; () , , ; ,
, , , , .
2. , , , . , , . ( )
,
, .

..
. .
.
!
1.
14 ,
10 ,
,
.
.
.
, .
, 70 .
- .
, 70 ,
35 .
2.
,
40 .
, 45 . ?
.
1- .
40 , ,

9
9

2013

 : 3 1 0

3.
, 60 ,
54 , 48 ,
81 , ,
, ,

.
.
60 , 54,
48, 162 .
81 ?
81 162 .
, 12 . ?

. , 30 , 27, 24.
: 1- 30 , 2- 27 , 3- 24 .
12 .
4.
6 8 . ,
3 .
. 8 6 ,
48 ,
3 16 .
: 16 .
5. ?
96 . , 2 7 . 2 .
?
. 12 ,
2 7 212 + 7 =
= 31 . , 4831 = 1488 .
48(24 1) = 4823 =
= 1104 , ..
1488 + 1104 = 2592 ,

40 .
40 ,
45 , 5 . 40 8 .
8- .
2- .
x ,
(x 1) .
40x ,
45(x 1) .
40x = 45(x 1); 40x = 45x 45; 5x = 45; x = 9.

2013

10
10

2592 : 4 = 648 , 6 48 ,
6 16 .
. , !
1. 1715 . ,
, , .
-
.

. 1732 .
..
.
1739 .
70 .
( ).
2.
.
. , .. ,
,
,
;
-,
- ( ) ;
,
;
, 1707 .
() .
. ? .. -
XVIII . . ,
-- ; , ,
! -

, , , , . , ,
, , , , , , .
.
XVIII .,
!
.. (17111765) .
2. .. (1726
1809) : , ,
. ... , , , ,
. .
1. .. (17081769),
, -, :
, , , ; .
2. .. (1896
1969)
, (, ,
).
. - , ,
, ? ( ). !
.
,
. ,
. , I
. , ,
,
, -, ( , ). ,
, , .. :
1.

,
,
, .
;
, .

11
11

2013

www.nn.ru

: 3 1 0

,
..

. ,
. , .

.. . ,
, .
, .
, .
,
, .

1914 .

:
,
;
;
, .

, , .

I

4 .
:
12 .
.

II
.

12
2013

5
3
1 5
2. 2 + .
12 24
3 9
3 4
7
: 2.
6. 2 . 7.
4 11
12

1. + .

4
7

3. 6 2 .
2
5

8. 2 : 1

1
.
15

1
8

1
4

4. 5 2 .

6 5
7 6

5. .

9. 2 : 3.

: 1 .

 . , .
, ,
.

III
.

VI

7 66
.
8 77
2828
2.
.
5656

1.

3. : 1 1 1 1 1 1 ... 1 1 .
10 11 12

20
4. :
1
1
1
1
1
1
+
+
+
+ ... +
+
.
10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14
98 99 99 100

.
.

5. ( XVII .)
,
, 3 . ,
, , .
: 1 2 2 ; 3
3 ; 4 4 ; 5 5 .

,
. ,
.
6!

(
).

VII

IV

2
1. 140 .
7

. ?
2. 200 , 40% .
?
?
3.

3
,
8

2
,
5

240 . .
: 1 2 ; 2
3 ; 3 7 .
.

.

V

.. (
). .
, .
.

, . , ,
,
. , 0,35

7
, 0,25
20

1
..
4

VIII
7 ,
,
. - .

IX
,
,
.
. ( .. .) ,
12 . , 7 ,
. 5 , , .

13
13

2013

 : 3 1 0

. ,

14

2013
2013

,
.
, , , .
? .
,
. , , . , . ?
. .
, , ,
. , .
, ,
- , .
,
- , , , ,
.
.
. ,
- . . ,
.
: ,
, ( ).
, 28, 496, 8128 .
( 20 .
, .)
! - 5 7, 11 13, 17 19
.
(- , . .)
10 999 949 10 999 951 : . .
, , . , : !. , ?
. ?
- . ,
. , . , , .
- .
, ?
.

.

 ! .
,
: 21. .
, .
: 102.
:
201. ! . , . .
, . . ,
.
, ! .
? .
: 10;
: 20.
, .
0,1 0,2.
. ! !
:
. .
. , .

! , , . ,
, .
, , . - , (). -

. .
.
.. 0. .
.
,
.
: ,
. . .
:
, , ,
, . .
, ,
.
12 , ,
. , , ,
1 2.
, 0.

. , ,
-: 12, 102,
120. , . ,
. .
.
.
.
,
, , .

: .. ,

744,
.

15
15

2013

... ,
... ,
, , ,
, ,
.
.. - (18261889)

,
. , ... : ,
, []
.
( !)
, ,
,
, , .

.
, ,
,
( ) , , .
- XX .
, , , ..
, ,
, , . .
-... ,
. .
*,
, : ?
?
* : . (1), . (2), . (3),
. (4)
(. , . , . , . , .).

2013

.,
avshevkin@mail.ru,
.

( ) , , ,
. .
1. N
,
. 100 . , , 3%. , 20. ,
,

. ? (5, 10 15%)
2.
25%
, ( , ). (36%)
)
? ,

.
) ,
? . ( 56%)
3. ) 40 , 20 . . . 35
, 20% , , 5 , , . ? (48 . .)
) 10,
-,
. ? (32 . .)
) ,
? (20 . .)
4. .
.
( ).
. 10% ,
. (7, 4%)
) ( )?
. )
? ( 20%)

16
16

6
. , . ,
.

.
: gglevitas@gmail.com,
(8-495) 389-27-17 ( );
(8-495) 314-51-83 ( ).

,
. . , 7 2 = 5
7 2 - , . 6- ,
.

= b,
(1)
( 0) b .
a

, (1), , + = b, = b, = b, = b, : = b : = b
, : , , , , , .
, ,

.
. .

1.

17
2013

3 + 10 = 31.
1().
5 + 92 = 7.
1().
101 + 2 = 15.
2.
3 13 = 50.
2().
5 7 = 92.
2().
2 107 = 153.
3.
17 3 = 77.
3().
82 5 = 17.
3().
11 2 = 153.

CD-.

4.

5.
5
1, 3 = 6,7.
x

x
+ 3,5 = 2, 4.
7

4().

5().
2
+ 4,5 = 2,5.
x

x
0, 8 = 1, 3.
4

4().

5().

x
+ 2,1 = 4,7.
5

3
7, 3 = 10, 3.
x

1.
3 + 10 = 31.
. 10 ____________ .
________.
: 3__ = 31 __ 10.

__________ 3 __ 21.
__. = __.
:
3 + 10 = 31.
3 = 31 __ 10,
3 = ___,
= ____.
: ____.

1().
5 + 92 = 7.
. 5 + 92 __ 7,
5 = __ __,
____ = ____,
= _____.
: ______.

2().
5 7 = 92.
. ________ = 92,
5 = ____________________,
___________________
___________________
: ____.

3.
17 3 = 77.
. 17 3 = ____,
3 = 77 ______
3 = ____,
= ______.
: ______.

3().
82 5 = 17.
. 82 ____ = 17,
5 = 17 __ 82,
5 = ____,
= ______.
: ______.

2.
3 13 = 50.
. 3 13 ______,
3 = ____________________,
_________________
__________________
: ____.

4.
x
+ 3,5 = 2, 4.
7

. x + 3,5 = _____,
7

x
= ____________,
7
x
= _____,
7

9
1

1()

2()

3()

4()

5()

1()

2()

3()

4()

5()

2013

= 7_____,
________________
: ______.

18
18

1. 4 . 2 , 6 , .
.
1(). 6
.
2 , 24 , . .
1(). 3
. 2 , 8 , . .

2. 15.
6 , 3
, . .
2(). 3.
10 ,
5 , .
.
2(). 7.
12 ,
5 , . .

3. 3 ,
. 30
, .
?
3(). 2 ,
.
15 , 10 ,
.
?
3(). 1,5
, .
1,5 ,
.
?
3

9
1

1()

2()

3()

4()

5()

1()

2()

3()

4()

5()

4. 1 , 0,75 . , , 10 /.
4(). 0,8 ,
1 . ,
,
, 20 / , .
4(). 0,8
,
0,625 . , ,
21 /.

1. 4
. 2 , 6 ,
. .
. x .
+ __.
__ , 2. __ ,
( + 4) + __.

__________. 2 __ ( + 4) + 6.
:
2 = + __ + __,
2 = + __.
,
-
__________________ ,
________,

= ____.
:
____ .

19
19

2013

. ,
avshevkin@mail.ru,
.

,
b, p%
a , a p
b =

a p
.
100

, ,
.
1. 10%,
10%. ?
. a ,
a+

10
10

a = 1+
a = 1,1a
100
100

1,1a +

10
10

1,1a = 1 +
1,1a = 1,12 a = 1,21a = a + 0,21a
100
100

, 21% , a.
: 21%.
:
p%,
p

1+
.
100

, p%,

p
.
100

2. .
, .
, 44%?
. a
p%,
1 +

p
a. p%,
100
2
p

a,
1 +
100

20
2013

1,44a. :
2

1 +
a = 1, 44a,
100

1 +

p
= 1, 44.
100

CD-.

 1 +

p
> 0,
100

1 +

p
= 1,2,
100

p = 20. ,
20%.
: 20%.
,
, () .
3. 50
, 40?
. 50 40

50 100%
(50 40) 100%
100% =
125% 100% =
.
40
40

:
a , b,

(a b) 100%
.
b

, . ,
.
4. 40
, 50?
40 100%
= 80%.
50

100% 80% = 20% , 50.

: 20%.
, :
100% 80% = 100%

5. 60% ,
.
, ?
. p t 60
. p = 1
t = 0, 4t.

50 100%
= 125%.
40

125% 100% = 25% , 40.

: 25%.
, :

. 40 50

, , () ,
( )
, ,
100.

40 100% (50 40) 100%

=
.
50
50

, ,
(t p) 100% (t 0, 4t) 100% 0,6t 100%
=
=
= 150%.
p
0, 4t
0, 4t

: 150%.
6. 25% ,
.
, ?
. p t

. p = 1 +

25
t = 1,25t.
100

, ,
( p t) 100% (1,25t t) 100% 0,25t 100%
=
=
= 20%.
p
1,25t
1,25t

: 20%.
7. 50% 50% . , ?
. p , t .

50
50

t = 0,5t.
1 +
p = 1,5 p, 1
100
100

, 1,5p = 0,5t,
, t = 3p.
, ,

:
b , a,

100

(a b) 100%
.
a

(t p) 100% (3 p p) 100%
=
= 200%.
p
p

: 200%.

, , !
, !
: .. ,
. ,
.

21
21

2013

. ,
.

, . , ,

.

.

(k; b). = k + b
.
, = 2 + 5 (k; b)
(2; 5), = 2 (0; 2).

1. (k; b) ,
: = , = 3 + 2, = 2 3.
2. (; ) , , , , ... (k; b),
. : a, b, c

22
2013

3. (k; b) , = k + b, = 2.
4. (k; b) , = k + b, (0; 3).

5. (k; b) ,
= k + b.
(; ) .
(; ) .
CD-.

9. (; ), (1; 1).
(k; b)?
10. (; ), (m; n).
(k; b)?
11. (k; b)
b = uk + v. (; ) .
12. (k; b) , = k + b (.
). (; )
. (;
) .

) ).
, .
6. (; )
.
(. ). (k; b) ,
(
).
)
)

(k; b)
7. (k; b) b = k.

(; ) , b = k (; ) . ?

b = k
(; ), .

13. (; ) , :
= k1 + b1, = k2 + b2, = k3 + b3.
, = b1 + k1 , = b2 + k2,
= b3 + k3 ?
14. (k; b) b = k b= k + 2. (; y)? ?
15. (k; b) b = k + 1 b = k + 2. (; y)?
14 15.
16. (k; b) , .
(; ). ?
17. (k; b) .
(; ). ?

2.

8. (; ) ,
7?

23
23

2013

3. k = 2 c (2; 0).
5. )
)

) ). ,
(k; b) (; ), :
, (k; b)
. (; )
,
,
, .
)
6.
)

) .

,
[0; 2] .
: -

2013

(2; 0).
7. b = k, (; ) = kx + k.
= k(x + 1), ,
(1; 0).
8. = 1,
(1; 0).
9. (1; 1) k + b = 1. , (k; b) b = 1 k.
10. 9: b = mk + n.
11. b = uk + v, (; ) = kx + uk + v.
= k(x + u) + v.
(u; v).
12.

13. , = k1 + b1, = k2 + b2,

= k3 + b3, (k; b)
(k1; b1), (k2; b2) (k3; b3 ), (
) . , (b1; k1), (b2; k2) (b3; k3 )
, , .
14. b = k (; y) ,
(1; 0); b = k + 2
, (1; 2).
(k; b)
(1; 1), y = x + 1
.
15. b = k + 1 (; y) , (1; 1); b = k + 2
, (1; 2).

= 1, (k; b) ,
b = k + 1 b = k + 2.
16. (; y), ,
.
17. , 16: (; y),
,
. 17
, 16 .

24
24

25
25

2013

. ,

.

:
;
;
.
,
.
,
, .
, . , .
, , . , , .
:
| x2 + x 90 | + 2| x2 9 | + 3| x2 27x + 180 | = | x2 + 55x 468 |, ()
| x2 + x 80 | + 2| x2 10 | + 3| x2 27x + 160 | = | x2 + 55x 420 |. ()
.
() (), 711- .
,
, , () ().

()
,
, .
:
x2 + x 90 = 0 x1 = 10, x2 = 9;
x2 9 = 0 x3 = 3, x4 = 3;
2
x 27x + 180 = 0 x5 = 12, x6 = 15;

26
2013

x2 + 55x 468 = 0 x7 =

55 4897
55 + 4897
, x8 =
.
2
2

x.
,
55 4897
< 10 < 3 < 3 < 9 < 12 < 15,
2


x7 < x1 < x3 < x4 < x2 < x5 < x6.
,
x
x8 =

55 + 4897
.
2

. , , .
1

.
, ,
65 = 4225 < 4897 < 4900 = 70.

5=

55 + 4225
55 + 4900
< x8 <
= 7,5,
2
2

,
x4 < x8 < x2,
, , x:

,
(1.1)(1.9).

55 4897
,
x
2

55 4897
< x 10,

10 < x 3,

3 < x 3,

3 < x 55 + 4897 ,

55 + 4897
< x 9,

9 < x 12,

12 < x 15,

15 < x,

(1.1)

(1.2)

(1.3)
(1.4)

(1.5)

(1.6)

(1.7)
(1.8)
(1.9)

*

() , . .
, , -

, ,
(; x7], (9; 12] (15; +),
(1.1), (1.7) (1.9)
.

(10; 3] (3; x8].
,
(1.1)(1.9) (!)
(2.1)(2.6):

55 4897
x ;
(9; 12] (15; + );
2

55 4897

< x 10,
2

55 + 4897
x ( 10; 3] 3;
,
2

3 < x 3,

55 + 4897 < x 9,

12 < x 15,

(2.1)

(2.2)

(2.3)

(2.4)

(2.5)

(2.6)

. (1.1)(1.9)
(2.1)(2.6)
.
.
1, , (3; 3]
(12; 15] .
(3; 3]

27
27

2013

(x2 + x 90) 2(x2 9) + 3(x2 27x + 180) =

= (x2 + 55x 468),
(3.1)
(12; 15], ,
(x2 + x 90) + 2(x2 9) 3(x2 27x + 180) =
= (x2 + 55x 468).
(3.2)
, (3.1) (3.2) , (1).

(1.1)(1.9) (!) :

55 4897
x ;
(9; 12] (15; + );
2

55 4897

< x 10,
2

55 + 4897
x ( 10; 3] 3;
,
2

x ( 3; 3] (12; 15],

55 + 4897 < x 9,

(4.1)

(4.2)

(4.3)

(4.4)

(4.5)

(4.1)(4.5). 1 .
(4.1)(4.5)
(5.1)(5.5):

55 4897
x ;
9; 12 (15; + ),
2

+
=
x
x
27
180
0

55 4897 < x 10,

2
7x 2 25x 36 = 0

x ( 10; 3] 3; 55 + 4897 ,

2
x
x
5

27
+
144
=
0

x ( 3; 3] (12; 15],
x 2 27x + 180 = 0

55 + 4897

< x 9,
2

2
x 27x + 216 = 0.

(5.1)

(5.2)

(5.1)

(5.2)

(5.4)

,
(5.1) (5.4), (5.1), (5.2) (5.4) ,
(5.1) (5.4).
,
(6.1) (6.2):

55 4897
x ;
3; 3 (9; + ),
2

+
=
x
27
x
180
0

55 4897 < x 10,

2
7x 2 25x 36 = 0.

(6.1)

(6.2)

(6.1) , :
D = 272 4180 = 9 = 32.

55 4897
x ;
( 3; 3] (9; + ),
(6.1)

x {12; 15}

x = 12 x = 15.
(6.2) ,
7x2 25x 36 = 0 , , , x =

25
, 14

x = 10.
(5.3)

(5.4)

(5.5)

(5.3) (5.5) .
, (5.3) (5.5)
. (5.1)(5.5)
: (5.1),
(5.2) (5.4):

2013

55 4897
x ;
9; 12 (15; + ),
2

+
=
x
x
27
180
0

55 4897 < x 10,

2
7x 2 25x 36 = 0

x ( 3; 3] (12; 15],
2
x 27x + 180 = 0.

(6.2) .
, (6.2) , -. , , , (36), . , (6.2)
x =

25 1008
,
14

x (6.2) .

28
28

,
25 1008 25 1024 25 32
1
>
=
= > 10.
14
14
14
2

(6.2) , x = 12 x = 15.
: {12; 15}.

()
, .

. , , :
| x2 + x 80 | + 2| x2 10 | + 3| x2 27x + 160 | =
= | x2 + 55x 420 |,
()
.
() . ,
, (24 = 16) ( 2).
2
-1 (+ + + +)

-2 (+ + + )

-3 (+ + +)

-4 (+ + )

-5 (+ + +)

-6 (+ + )

-7 (+ +)

-8 (+ )

-9 ( + + +)

-10 ( + + 1) -11 ( + +) -12 ( + )

-13 ( + +) -14 ( + ) -15 ( +) -16 ( )

.
.

(I.1) . , (I.1).
,
x2 27x + 160 = 0, :
(!) : x2 = 27x 160.
. (I.1) .
, :
28x 240 0,
(27x 160) + x 80 0,
(27x 160) 10 0,
27x 170 0,

(27x 160) + 55x 420 0, 82x 580 0,

x 2 27x + 160 = 0
x 2 27x + 160 = 0

60

x 7 ,

60 170 290
x 170 ,
;
,
x max ;

27
7 27 41

x 2 27x + 160 = 0
290

,
x
41
2
x 27x + 160 = 0

60
,
7
x 2 27x + 160 = 0.

(I.2)

, ,
, 1 (+ +
+ +)
, (I.1) (I.2):
x 2 + x 80 0,
2
60

,
x 10 0,
x

7
2

2
+

x
55
x
420
0,
x 27x + 160 = 0.

x 2 27x + 160 = 0

1 (+ + + +):
x 2 + x 80 0,
2
x 10 0,
2
x 27x + 160 0,
x 2 + 55x 420 0.

,
, x2 27x +

() :
(x2 + x 80) + 2(x2 10) + 3(x2 27x + 160) =
= x2 + 55x 420 5x2 135x + 800 = 0
x2 27x + 160 = 0.
, ,
1 (+ + + +) :
x 2 + x 80 0,
x 2 + x 80 0,
2
2
x 10 0,
x 10 0,
2
(I.1)
x 27x + 160 0, 2
x + 55x 420 0,
2
x 2 27x + 160 = 0.
x + 55x 420 0,

x 2 27x + 160 = 0

+ 160 = 0

60

; + .

27 89 27 + 89
;
.
2
2

x2 27x + 160 = 0 x
,

27 + 89 27 60
>
>
,
2
2
7

.
,
1 27 100 27 89 27 81
<
<
= 9,
8 <
2
2
2
2

8 1 < 60 < 9.
2 7

29
29

2013

60 27 89
2 60 7 27 89

7
2

7 89 7 27 2 60 7 89 69

7 89

) 69
2

, .
3 (+ + +):

4989 4761

x 2 + x 80 0,
2
x 10 0,
2
x 27x + 160 < 0,
x 2 + 55x 420 0.

4361 4761 0 < 400.

, .
1 (+ + + +):
27 89 27 + 89
x
;
.
2
2

2 (+ + + ):
x 2 + x 80 0,
2
x 10 0,
2
x 27x + 160 0,
x 2 + 55x 420 < 0.

()
(x2 + x 80) + 2(x2 10) + 3(x2 27x + 160) =
= (x2 + 55x 420),

7x2 25x 40 = 0.
, 2 (+
+ + )
x 2 + x 80 0,
2
x 10 0,
2
(II.1)
x 27x + 160 0,
2
x + 55x 420 < 0,
7x 2 25x 40 = 0.

7
7x2 = 25x + 40.
,
(25x + 40) + 7(x 80) 0,

(25x + 40) 7 10 0,

(II.1) (25x + 40) + 7( 27x + 160) 0,

(25x + 40) + 7(55x 420) < 0,

7x 2 25x 40 = 0
52

x 4 ,

32x 52 0,
x 6 ,

25
x

30

0,

164 + 1160 0, x 290 ,

41
410 2900 < 0,

290

x > 41 ,
7x 2 25x 40 = 0
2
7x 25x 40 = 0.

,
2 (+ + + ) .

2013

() (x2 + x 80) + 2(x2 10) 3(x2 27x + 160) =

= x2 + 55x 420,

() x2 27x + 160 = 0.
, 3
.
4 (+ + ):
x 2 + x 80 0,
2
x 10 0,
(III)
2
x 27x + 160 < 0,
x 2 + 55x 420 < 0.

() x2 + 137x 1000 = 0.
(III),
:
115

x 17 ,

(1000 137x) + x 80 0,
x 1010 ,
(1000 137x) 10 0,

137

290

+
<
x
x
(1000
137
)
27
160
0,
x >

41
(1000 137x) + 55x 420 < 0

290

x .

x >

41

115 290

<
:
17
41
23 58
115 290

17 41
17
41

2341 1758 943 < 986.

5 (+ + +):
x 2 + x 80 0,
2
x 10 < 0,
2
x 27x + 160 0,
x 2 + 55x 420 0.

(B) x2 135x + 840 = 0,

x2 = 135x 840

30
30

115

x 17 ,

(135x 840) + x 80 0,
x < 170 ,
(135x 840) 10 < 0,

27 ,

170
(135
x

840)

27
x
+
160

0,
x

27
(135x 840) + 55x 420 0

126
x
19

9 ( + + +) (. 8 (+ )):
520

x < 69 ,
x + x 80 < 0,

2
x 970 ,
x
10
0,

137
2

80
x
x

27
+
160

0,

,
x
11
2

x + 55x 420 0,
115

2
3x 137x + 960 = 0
x 16 ,

2
3x 137x + 960 = 0
2

520

970 80 115
max
;
;
,
x<

69
137 11 16
3x 2 137x + 960 = 0

6 (+ + ):
x 2 + x 80 0,
2
x 10 < 0,
2
x 27x + 160 0,
x 2 + 55x 420 < 0.

f(x) = 3x2 137x + 960.

520
< 8,
69

137
> 8 f(8) > 0, 6
80 520
;
.
11 69
x =

() 3x2 25x = 0 x = 0 x =

520
80
x<
,

69
11
3x 2 137x + 960 = 0.

25
.
3

, .
.
7 (+ +):
x 2 + x 80 0,
2
x 10 < 0,
2
x 27x + 160 < 0,
x 2 + 55x 420 0.

.
10 ( + + ) (. 7 (+ +)):
x 2 + x 80 < 0,
2
x 10 0,
2
x 27x + 160 0, x ,
2
x + 55x 420 < 0,
5x 2 27x + 120 = 0

() 5x2 27x + 120 = 0 x ,

D = 272 45120 = 729 2400 < 0.
8 (+ ):
x 2 + x 80 0,
2
x 10 < 0,
2
x 27x + 160 < 0,
x 2 + 55x 420 < 0.

() 3x2 137x + 960 = 0.

3x2 = 137x 960,
:
520

x 69 ,

(137x 960) + x 80 0,
x < 970 ,
(137x 960) 10 < 0,

137

(137
x

960)

27
x
+
160
<
0,
x < 80 ,

11
(137x 960) + 55x 420 < 0

115
x <
16

x ,

.

11 ( + +) (. 6 (+ + )):
x 2 + x 80 < 0,
2
x 10 0,
2
x 27x + 160 < 0,
2
x + 55x 420 0,
3x 2 25x = 0.

x = 0, , .
x =

25
, , , 3

.
.
12 ( + ) (. 5 (+ + +):
x2
2
x
2
x
2
x
x2

115

x < 17 ,

+ x 80 < 0,
x 170 ,
10 0,

27

170
,
27x + 160 < 0, x <
,

27

+ 55x 420 < 0,

126
x <
,
19
135x + 840 = 0

x 2 135x + 840 = 0,

31
31

2013

 .
13 ( + +) (. 4 (+ + )):
115

x 2 + x 80 < 0,
x > 17 ,
2

x 10 < 0,
x > 1010 ,
2

137
x 27x + 160 0,

290
2
,
x
x + 55x 420 0,
2 41
x 2 + 137x 1000 = 0

x + 137x 1000 = 0

16 ( ) (. 1 (+ + + +):
x 2 + x 80 < 0,
2
x 10 < 0,
x ,
2
x 27x + 160 < 0,
x 2 + 55x 420 < 0,

.
,
():

27 89 27 + 89
x
;
.
2
2

x ,
. .
14 ( + ) (. 3 (+ + +)):
x 2 + x 80 < 0,
x 2 + x 80 < 0,
2

<
10
0,
x
2

2
x 10 < 0,

27
160
0,
x
x

2
x + 55x 420 < 0,
2

x + 55x 420 < 0,

x 2 = 27x 160

x 2 27x + 160 = 0

(27x 160) + x 80 < 0,

(27x 160) 10 < 0,

(27x 160) + 55x 420 < 0,

x 2 27x + 160 = 0

60

x < 7 ,
28x 240 < 0,

27x 170 < 0,

x < 170 ,

27
82x 580 < 0,

290

,
x <
x 2 27x + 160 = 0

2 41
x 27x + 160 = 0

170
60 170 290

x < min ;
;
,
,
x <

7
27
41
27

2
x 2 27x + 160 = 0
x 27x + 160 = 0

(. .).

()
()
| P | + 2| Q | + 3| R | = | P + 2Q 2R |,
,
- ,
.
R = 0,
()
PQ 0.
() :
x 2 27x + 160 = 0,
() 2

2
x + x 80 x 10 0

)(

x 2 = 27x 160,

((27x 160) + x 80 )((27x 160) 10 ) 0

x 2 = 27x 160,

(7x 60)(27x 170) 0

x 2 = 27x 160,

2
189x 2810x + 10 200 0
x = 27x 160,

189(27x 160) 2810x + 10 200 0

2

x 2 27x + 160 = 0,
27 89 27 + 89
x
20 040
;
.
x

2
2

22
93

27 89 27 + 89
;
.
2
2

: x
15 ( +) (. 2 (+ + + )):

52

x 2 + x 80 < 0,
x < 4 ,
2

x 10 < 0,
x < 6 ,
2

5
x 27x + 160 < 0, 290 x .

2
,
x>

41
x + 55x 420 0,

290
7x 2 25x 40 = 0

2013

41

R = 0,
| P | + 2| Q | + 3| R | = | P + 2Q 2R |
PQ 0.
.
q 0,
|f|=q
f = q f = g,

32
32

| P + 2Q 2R | = | P | + 2| Q | + 3| R |
P + 2Q 2R = | P | + 2 | Q | + 3 | R |

P + 2Q 2R = | P | + 2 | Q | + 3 | R |

(
(

) (
) (

) (
) (

)
)

| P | P +2 | Q | Q +2 | R | + R + | R | = 0

| P | + P + 2 | Q | + Q + 2 | R | R + | R | = 0.
:
m: | m | m 0,
,
(!) .
, .

|m|m=0m0

| m | + m = 0 m 0.

1m1 0,
1m1 0,
m m 0,

() 2m2 0, 2m2 0, 1 1 2 2
m3 = 0.
m = 0,
m = 0,
3
3
, :
= 1 | m | = m m 0;
= 1 | m | = m m 0;
1 | m | = m m = 0.

| m | = m (. .).
) = 1
) = 1
) 1

| P | + 2| Q | + 3| R | = | P + 2Q 2R |
| P | P = 0,
| P | + P = 0,

| Q | Q = 0,
| Q | + Q = 0,

| R | + R = 0
| R | R = 0
| R | = 0,
| R | = 0

P 0,
P 0,
R = 0,

Q 0, Q 0,
PQ 0,
R = 0,
R = 0

.
.
.
. , ,
,
.
i {1},
i : m 0
mi = imi i : imi 0.
i i

, i [1; 1],
,
i {1; 1}, , i (1; 1).
, i {1; 1}, .
, i (1; 1),
mi = 0.
()
m1 = P, m2 = 2Q, 3R = m3.
() :
| m1 | + | m2 | + | m3 | = | 1m1 + 2m2 + 3m3 |,
2
3

1 = 1, 2 = 1, 3 = .

, ,
()
| P | + 2| Q | + 3| R | = | P + 2Q 2R |?
.
, , , , .
, () , x2 + 55x 420 x2 + x 80, x2 10 x2 27x + 160?
, , ,
, x
x2 + 55x 420 =
2
= (x + x 80) + (x2 10) + (x2 27x + 160)?
.
. :
(1 )x2 + (55 + 27)x +
+ (420 + 80 + 10 160) = 0.

x, . -

33
33

2013

, .
:
1 = 0,

55 + 27 = 0,
420 + 80 + 10 160 = 0

= 1,
+ + = 1,

27 = 55,
= 2,
8 + 16 = 42
= 2.

: x2 + 55x 420 = (x2 + x 80) +

+ 2(x2 10) 2(x2 27x + 160).
. x. , x = 1, x = 0 x = 1.
474 = 60 9 + 188 ,

420 = 60 10 + 160 ,
364 = 58 9 + 132 ,

.
, ,
. , , , , , .
1. ().
2. , :
) | m1 | + | m2 | + | m3 | = | m1 + m2 + m3 |
m m 0,
1 2
m2m3 0;
m m 0,
) | m1 | + | m2 | + | m3 | = | m1 m2 + m3 | 1 2

m2m3 0

4. :
) | (x 1)(x 6) |(2| x 4 | + 3| x 5 |) +
+ 2| (x 2)(x 5)(x 7) | = 4| x 7 |;
) 2| x3 10x2 + 23x 14 | + 3| x3 11x2 +
+ 31x 21 | + 2| x3 13x2 + 52x 60 | = 5| x 5 |;
) | (x 1)(x 7) |(2| x 3 | + 3| x 4 |) +
+ 2| (x 3)(x 5)(x 6) | = 8| x 6 |;
) 2| x2 5x + 4 | + 3| x2 7x + 6 | + 2| x2 11x + 30 | = 20;
) 2| x3 9x2 + 23x 15 | + 3| x3 10x2 +
+ 31x 30 | + 2| x3 12x2 + 39x 28 | = 8| x 4 |;
) | (x 3)(x 5) |(2| x 1 | + 3| x 2 |) +
+ 2| (x 2)(x 4)(x 6) | = 3| x 4 |.
: ) 5; ) 2; ) 3; ) {5; 6}; ) 1; ) 2.
. 2| u1 | + 3| u2 | + 2| u3 | = | 2u1 3u2 u3 |
u u 0.
1 2
u3 = 0.
.
2| u1 | + 3| u2 | + 2| u3 | = | 2u1 3u2 u3 |
(*)
2| u1 | + 3| u2 | + 2| u3 | = 2u1 3u2 u3

2| u1 | + 3| u2 | + 2| u3 | = 2u1 + 3u2 u3
2(| u1 | u1) + 3(| u2 | + u2) + (2| u3 | u3) = 0

2(| u1 | + u1) + 3(| u2 | u2 |) + 2( u3 | u3) = 0.

k| m | + lm 0 k | l |,
u1 + u1 = 0,
u1 u1 = 0,

u2 + u2 = 0, u2 u2 = 0,

2 u3 u3 = 0
2 u3 u3 = 0.

| m | m = 0 m 0,

| m | + m = 0 m 0,
k | m | + lm = 0 m = 0 k | l | .

m m 0,
1 3
m1m2 0;
) | m1 | + | m2 | + | m3 | = | m1 m2 m3 |
m m 0,
1 2
m2m3 0;
ac 0,
) 2| a | + 3| b | + 2| c | = 2| a + b + c |
b = 0;
) 2| a | + 3| b | + 2| c | = | a b c | a = b = c = 0.
3. :
) 2(| x2 16x + 48 | + | x2 30x + 200 |) +
+ 3| x2 24x + 119 | = | 6x2 134x + 653 |;
) 2(| x2 + 5x 6 | + | x2 5x 14 | | 2x2 +
+ 6x 29 |) + 3| x2 x 20 | = 0.
: ) {10; 20}; ) {2; 7}.

2013

u1 0,

(*) u2 0,
u = 0,
3

u1 0,
u1u2 0,

u2 0,
u3 = 0.
u = 0
3
:
2| u1 | + 3| u2 | + 2| u3 | = | 2u1 3u2 u3 |

34
34

u u 0.
1 2
u3 = 0.



2012 .
( ) - ,
2012
. - (.: , 2007), -2
(.: , 2009) -3 (.:
, 2013).
,
.
(
, 19.00) . . ,
.
, , .
.. .. , .. .
.
1. .. ..
1543 - . .. 5- . .. .
2. ..
. ..
.
3. .. : , , . .. -
.

. ,
. ,
http://www.mccme.ru/nir/seminar

4. ..
218. , .
5. .. .
1514.
6. .. .
.
7. ..
,
, , . .. .
,
, , .
. , , : , . , ,
( , ) http://www.mccme.
ru/nir/seminar. ,
,
.
, , -, .
: .. ,
.. .. ,
.. .. ,
.. ,
.. .. ,
.

35
35

2013

MimioVote

,
.
.

!
MimioVote
, .
.
MimioVote
.

.
MimioStudio, Microsoft PowerPoint
.
,

.
,
,
.
.
,
. 24 32
. .
MimioVote MimioClassroom,
, , -
.

, :

http://www.mimioclass.ru

8 (800) 5555-33-0

Mimio

2013

36
36

. ,
georg_v@list.ru,
.

-
, .
[6,
10] , ,
, .
,
.
.
, .
3.0.
,
. ,
,
.
.
, , .

:
.
.

37
2013

. 1

CD-.

. 3

(. 1).

,
, 10 .
, ,
.
, . (. 2).

. 2

:
. , , :
1, 2 5 . , , ,
.

.
.
(
). , ,
,
.

, , .

(. 3).

2013

.
.
:
3 , 3 4 . . , .

. 26 , 10 , . ,
-
.

:

. ,
, , .
, . . .
.


-.
. , , -

38
38

 , (. 4).
,
,
. .

. 5

. 4

:
.

: , , , .
. .

. , , .
,
.
,
, ,
, ,
.
( , ),
, .

, (. 5):

,
.
,
, , . ,
, ,
.

1. .. . ., 1982.
2. .
: ? // , 2009, 14.
3. .., ..
. , 59 . ., 2002.
4. : . . - / .
.. . ., 1988.
5. .., .., ..,
.. .
2- ., . .: , 2008.

1. http://school-collection.edu. ru . 2. http://www.
infojournal.ru/ .
3. http://www.informika.ru . 4. http://school-collection.edu.ru/ .., ..
. -
. , 2008. 5. http://www.int-edu.ru/object.php?m1=
1035&m2=2&id=201 .

39
39

2013

. 77 000349, . 027477 15.09.2010

2013/14

( )

1 2013

:
108

2990 .
72
2390 .

edu.1september.ru

, :
,
www.1september.ru

. ,
.

- , . :
. 1- 11- ,
- . , , .
. , .. .. .
: - .
. ,

, ,
, . .
, . , , , . - ,
.
,
.
, ,
. ,
. , , , , . ,
, , .

. , , . , .
, CD-.

2013
2013

,
, .

. -, ,
, , . -,
(
, , ). ,
,

, ,
-
(, , ).
,
, ,

.

.
. , .
, ,
, . , .
, ,
,
. ,
. , , , .
, , , , .
, , .
1. 2011 ,
4 . ?
. ,
. 20114,
. ,
, ,
20114 : 2 = 4022.

2013

, , ,
, .
2. 20 . , ,
.
?
. , . , , . . . , . , . 195 . , . 195 , ,
. , , , .
, .

.
3. ,
,
100 ?
.
, (
) .
, , .
. ,
. , 1002 : 3.
200 , : ,
.
:
.
4. 9 , ?
. , . .
, . 3
2

9 ,
. , ,
, .

42
42


. ,
.
5. -. 21
, ,
20. ,
(, ).
. , . n .
, . , ,

20n + 21
. ,
2

20n + 21 n. , , , .
6.
, , .
?
. . .
,
.

. , ,

. 10. , , .
.

,
, , .

7. 100 .
, .
, 100 .

? ( .)
. , .
, .
, ,
,
. ,
, ,
. 100 , , . 99

100 99
= 4950, 2

, ( ) ,
,
( ). ,
, , , . ,
,
.
,
, . , , ,
. . , .
, ,
.
. , ,
.

43
43

2013

 * *) . ,
A*,
B*. , A*
B*, , ,
.

.
1.
, . , - ,
(, ).
. , .
. ,
.
. , .
. ,
.
2. : .
.
-
,
, . , . ,
,
.
. , A
B . , A, B. A B
. ,
A B (-

2013

, -, -
.
3. ) n (n 3) .
,
?
) n (n 3)
.
,
?
. ,
(n 2)(n 2)
. , ,
.
,

. (n 2)(n 2) + 1 . , ,
, . , ,
(n 2)(n 2) . , . , .

(n 2)
(n 2)(n 2) .

44
44


, ,
, . ,
,
.
.
, , .
, , .
,
, .

.
, , , , ,
, , ,
. , , .
1. : ) ; ) ; )
. , , , , , .
, .
, , , ?
. ,
. ,
,
.. , ,
. ,
- ,
. - , ,
,
, .
.
: 12345
6781, . : 512673
45. . , : 5 2,
6 3. ,
8 4, . ,
: 3 5. .

.
2. 1
10, 7, , ?
. , , . , 9
1 3, 5 1
10. , 391510. 10
2, 3 6. 4 8 6 2, 6
4, 8, ,
.
, . , - .
2 1, ,
.
. ,
.
3. ,
, . ,
?
. , ,
. , ,
. , . ,
.

. ( , , .) , , , 4 . , ,
. ,
, ,
, . .
4. . ,
?

45
45

2013

 ( )
, , .
, ?

. ,
.
,
. ,
,
.

.

, ,
.
, .
.
1. ,
. ,
. A
.
A, :
) ;
) , ;
) ?
.
,
. , ,
, ,
. , , , ,
. . ,
, .
,

.
2. . ( ) -

2013

. ,
,
,
, ,
, . , , ,
. , , , . D B. , ,
, ,
. ,
.
.
,
.
3. , ,
. , , .
. .
, , . , n 1 , . , n . . ,
, , , , n 1 . , . ,
- . , , .
.

46
46

 . . .

.

.
1.
, , ,
?
. ,
. , 8 ,
7 . , 7 . ,
14 , 12. , .

,
. , .
.
2. , ( ) ,
.
. , ,
.
. , .
,
. , . - , - - .
.
, ,
, , -

, , . , , .
,
.

, , , .
, ,
, : , ?.

,
.
3. , ) ; ) ; ) , . ?

.
- . , , .
. , , .
, .
.
. ( .)
-
. .
(.
).
. , , -

47
47

2013

, .
.
5-
[1], [2].

, . ,
,
, . , , , ,
. . , ,
710 [1] , , 711
,
,
. [2] 84, ,
,
,
,
.
, ,

. : -

, , . ,

, . [3], [4].

,
6- 7- . , ,
. ([5]), , , .

1. .., .., ..,

.. . 5 : . 11- ., . .: , 2012. 2. .., .., .. . : 5
/ . .. , .. . 3- . .: , 2000.
3. - .., .., .., .. 1993
2005 . .: , 2005. 4. .., ..,
.., .., .. 1993
2006. . .: , 2007.
5. .. . .: , 2005.

11- .

: .. ,
1, -

2013

48
48

. , . ,
. , . ,
. ,
.

XXI

, ,

2011/2012
30 , , , , .
.
18
3 .
, .
.
, , , : 121165,
, . , 24, ,
,
info@arhimedes.org.
www.arhimedes.org.

(6- , 853, . ); (6- , 5, . , .); (6- , 90, . ).

II
(7- , 39, . ); (7- , 8 , . , );
(7- , 464, . );
(6- , 15, . , .).

III

49
2013

(6- , , . , ); (6- ,
80, , . ); (6- , 15, . , .); (7- , 1189, . ); (7- , 2, . ,
.); (6- , 57, . ); (6- , 1534, . );
(7- , 1189, . ); (7- ,
1, . , ); (5- , , . , ); (7- , 1329, . ).

I
67- (. , -, .; .. ).

 II

, ,

6- 12 (. ;
.. ).
6- 3 6 (. ,
.; .. ).

1. :
4, 6, 9, 10, 14, 15, 21
, .
2.
,
?
3.
, .
, ,
,
.
,
?
4. 2011 ,
n , 12n 2011
. ?
5.
. -
, .
: , 20 . .
, ( ) , 207. ,
. .
.
6. .
5 5 02, 12, 22, , 242 , ? .
7. 16
, 7
, 11 ?
8. ( .)
17 .

1. , ,

( ), .

2013

:
..., 22, 25, 26, 33,
.
,
, (, 4 6, ).
.
2. .
30 20 ( ).

, 19
, 38 . .

3.

5
.
12

, . ,

1
2
,
3
3

. , ,

1 1 1
=
. 2 4 4

, , ,
2 1 5
.
=
3 4 12

4. , .
,
8055! 5
8055! ( ).
128055 5.
:

8055
= 1611 . ( [n] 5

n.)

50
50

 128055
25.

= 322 25

. .
8055

:
8055 8055 8055 8055 8055
5 + 25 + 125 + 625 + 3155 =

= 1611 + 322 + 64 + 12 + 2 = 2011.

, 8056!, 8057!,
8058!, 8059! 2011 .
.
. ? : ( )
1000!, 1500! ..
5. 15 1986 .
, ,
, 3 3. , x, 9x. , 23
(207 : 9 = 23). . , ,
, 15-,
31- . ,
31 . , 31
. 1986 . ,
15 1986 .
. ,
, ,
, .
6. .
4900, ,
980.
, 4 (
13), 4 1 (
12). 980 4, ,
0, 4.
, 1 4. , . .
16 , 12. , .
7. .
: 5, 5, 13, 5, 5, 5, 13, 5, 5, 13, 5, 5,
5, 13, 5, 5.

. : , (
), , .
4 12 . .
,
, .. ?,
2013 .
8. .
-:
I. , .
1, 2, ..., 17.
( 11 , ):
S1 = (a1 + + a11) +
+ (a2 + + a12) + + (a7 + + a17) =
= a1 + 2a2 + 3a3 + 4a4 + 5a5 + 6a6 +
+ 7a7 + 7a8 + 7a9 + 7a10 + 7a11 + 6a12 +
+ 5a13 + 4a14 + 3a15 + 2a16 + a17 > 0.
(
7 , ):
S2 = (a1 + + a7) +
+ (a2 + + a8) + + (a11 + + a17) =
= a1 + 2a2 + 3a3 + 4a4 + 5a5 + 6a6 + 7a7 +
+ 7a8 + 7a9 + 7a10 + 7a11 + 6a12 + 5a13 +
+ 4a14 + 3a15 + 2a16 + a17 < 0.
, S1 = S2. .
II. , 17 . :
1. , . 7
( ). , 11 ( ). ,
.
2. , , . , . , (), . , , , .

, : .
3.
,
- . .

51
51

2013

2- 2013

1440 .
( ) + CD +
www.1september.ru :
32030 ( )
79073 ( )

594 .
CD ( ) +
www.1september.ru :
26113 ( )
12717 ( )

300 .
www.1september.ru

0 .
www.1september.ru ,

( )

CD

( )

www.1september.ru

www.1september.ru
on-line

 10
. ,
.

..
www.vcnmo.ru
,

www.mmf.nsu.ru/pupil/use

az

f (x) = 0

=t

s = vt
log
gab = c

g((x))< 0

f ( ; y) 0,

g (x; y) 0

ssiin
inx = a

a2 b2

lg

. ,
,
. ( - ).
.
.

[1].

, , ,
, ( ), ,
. , , - , .
1. a,
4ax + y = 8a 4,

(1 5a)x + (a 2)y = 9 18a

53
2013

.
y x , y a .
: y = 8a 4 4ax.
:
(1 5a)x + (a 2)(8a 4 4ax) = 9 18a.
(1)
:
(2)
(4a2 3a 1)x = 8a2 2a 1.
x a x. ,
, ,


.
, , , ,
. a,
x . a = 1 a = 0,25.
, (2) ( , ) ,
. a , , a = 1. .

1 1 8b
1
1 b .
4
8

z+:
1 + 1 8b
1
1 3 b ,
4
8
1
z+ 1 1 8b 3 b .
8

z+ 1

(. 1),
, (2)(3)
1
8

3 b .

2. a,

x
17
log a2
+ cos x sin = 3
8
2

(1)

.
:

: a ; 3 3; 2 +
5
2

.
. x

2

26
.
2

.
(5). b
z,
(z; b).
2

1 1

b = 2z2 z = 2 z + +

4 8

(2)

[1; 1] (. 2) , b , : b
? ,

(3)

3 b .

z z:
17
2
3
+ 1 2z z = (a 2) ,
8
1 z 1.

5
26
25
1
.
+ (a 2)3 a 2 +
2
2
8
8

(1) -

x
17
3
8 + cos x sin 2 = (a 2) ,
(1) a > 2,

a 3.

, z = sin

. 1

a:

1
8

:
a (2) , (3)?
, (2),

2z2 + z

25
+ (a 2)3 = 0.
8

(4)

, .

25
+ (a 2)3 = b. 8

(4) :
2z2 + z + b = 0.
(5)
(5)
z =

1 1 8b
.
4
1
8

, z 1 b . 1 z:

2013

. 2

3. a,

| x a | x2 1
(1)
.
(1)
| x a | 1 + x2.
(2)
(2) :
x2 x + 1 + a 0
x a 1 + x2

2
2
x a 1 x
x + x + 1 a 0.

54
54

(3)


, ,
.
(3) (3),
a 0,75 a 0,75. (1)
a (; 0,75] c [0,75; +).

. .
(2)
, a | x |. , | x a |
x2 + 1.
, ,
(. 3).

. 3

a x = 1 + x2,
a 0,75, x a = 1 + x2,
a 0,75. .
. (2) a x, (x; a)
(2) (3) (. 4).

. 4

,
a 0,75 a 0,75.

.
, .
, , .
,

, , ,
.
4. p,

(1)
x2 + 2(p 1)x + 3p + 1 = 0
x < 1.

. :
p
x < 1,
x < 1.
(1) ,
,
p2 5p = 0. p = 0, x = 1, ;
p = 5, x = 4,
.
, ,
p2 5p > 0.

(2)
x = p + 1 p2 5 p.
x < 1,

x x+ 1,
, ,
. .

.
f(x) = ax2 + bx + c, a 0. , ,

55
55

2013

 a > 0 a < 0. x0. , f(x), : , a, b, c, f(x) , x0? a > 0

a < 0 f(x),
x0 (. 5).

:
x < 3, x+ 1 x 1, x+ < 3, x, x+
(1). .
a2 + 2a + 29 (1) , . :
x =

a 1 a2 + 2a + 29
.
2

, x+ > 1 a, . ,
, , ,

(., , [2]):
1
a 1 a2 + 2a + 29
< 3 a > ,
3
2

. 5

( ), a > 0 x0
, f(x0) < 0,
a < 0 , f(x0) > 0, , x0

, a f(x0) , ,
(3)
af(x0) < 0.
.
(3) p,
x0 1:
1 2(p 1) + 3p + 1 < 0 p < 4.
,
(1) 1,
1,
, 1.
x+ = 1 p.
: p (; 4) c {5}.
, (2).
, p =

(x 1)2
.
2x + 3

5. a,

x2 + (a + 1)x 7 = 0
(1)
[3; 1).
,
: ,
, ,
, .

2013

a 1 a2 + 2a + 29
1 a 7.
2

,
: a ( ; 7] ; + .

1
3

, .
f(x) = x2 + px + q.
f(x) [; ),

6, a, ,
, p
(x =
2

).
)

)
. 6.

6:
a) D < 0;
) f() < 0, f() 0;
) D 0, f() 0, x ;
) D > 0, f() > 0, x < D = 0, f() 0, x .
6, a ,
, .
6, g(x) = x2 +
+ (a + 1)x 7 : g(3) =
= 3a 1 < 0, g(1) = a 7 0,
1
a > . 6, :
3

g(1) = a 7 0, x =

a +1
1,
2

a 7. , .
, ,

56
56

 (1)
x a.
(1) a
, a x (x; a).
(1) : a(x) =

7
x 1. x

a(x). a(x) x 1,
x
a(x)
x 1. x ,
,
.
, ,
a(x) , 7.

. f(x) = ax2 + bx + c, a 0. ,
D = b2 4ac > 0. ,
x0,
x0 , af(x0)
> 0 (. 8,a 8,). , x0 , x0,

(. 8, 8,).
)

b
b
< x0
> x0
2a
2a

. 8
. 7

a(x), 1
3

[3; 1). , a( 3) = ,
a(1) = 7, a,

7; ,

3
.
6. p,

px2 + 2(p 1)x + p 3 = 0
(1)
.
: , . ,
, , , , x2 ,
.

. -

. g(x) = px2 +
+ 2(p 1)x + p 3. p = 0,
,

p 0. :
4(p 1)2 4p(p 3) > 0 p > 1.
,
,
p<0
pg(0) = p(p 3) > 0
p > 3.
, , ,
p<0
p 1

<0
p
p > 1.
,
: p (1; 0) c (3; +).
, x1, x2
c
a

f(x), x1 x2 = , x1 + x2 =

b
(a 0).
a

, , ,

c
> 0,
a

57
57

b
< 0.
a

2013

 , :
p3
p > 0,

p 1 < 0,
p

, , .
,
,
x0.
, x x0
, .
,
, , ,
. 2.
,
. , , , , ,
.

, , ,
- .
:
?
4 6 8 (. [3]) , ,
, . . , - .

.
, :
a2 6a 7 > 0, a (; 1) c (7; +).
:
. ,
, , x1, x2
x2 + px + q = 0,
(2)
x1 + x2 = p, x1x2 = q.
(2)
. ,
(2) , :
x12 + x22 = p2 2x1 x2 = p2 2q
,
x12 + x22 = (a 1)2 2(a + 2) 4(a + 2).
a2 8a 11 0
, ,

a 4 3 3; 4 + 3 3 .
, :
a 4 3 3; 1 7; 4 + 3 3 .

) (

8. a,

(4a + 5)x 2x2 6a + 3
(1)
.
,
, . (1) a , , a x,
. (1):
(1) 2a(2x 3) 2x2 5x + 3.
(2)
(2) (2) :
2a(2x 3) (2x 3)(x 1)
(2x 3)(2a + 1 x) 0.
(3)
(3)
:

7. a,

x2 + (a 1)x + a + 2 = 0
(1)

.

2013

58
58

x = 1,5

a = x 1

2
x > 1,5,

(1)
x 1
a > 2

x < 1,5,

x 1
a <
.

2

(4)

 , (4) (. 9).
x = 1,5, a =

x 1
x > 1,5 x < 1,5
2

. 9

9 ,
x = 2 a = 0,5, a = 1
x = 3, , a [0,5; 1)
. ,
a (0,5; 0], 1 ,
x = 0 . :
a (0,5; 0] c [0,5; 1).
, . (3) , , 2a + 1 1,5
a 0,25 2a + 1 < 1,5 a < 0,25. : a 0,25,
x [1,5; 2a + 1], a < 0,25, x [2a + 1; 1,5].
, , , x = 2, 2 2a + 1 < 3
(
, 2,
2 , 3), x = 1,
, 0 < 2a + 1 1. .
9. ,
a
(1)
ax2 + 3x + 2a2 = 0
.
(1) , a = 0.
, x = 0, a = 0 .
a 0. .
?
, , . -

.
,
.
.
, , , . ,
(., ,
[4, 5]), , , , a, ,
a, .
, , ,
3
a

. (1) ,
2a. ,
3
2a. 2a a
n
, a , n Z. 2

3
a

6
, n Z,
n

n = 1, 2, 3, 6, a = 0,5, 1, 1,5, 3,
, 8 . a = 3
a = 1,5 ( ). a
,
a {3; 1,5; 1}.
, : {3; 1,5; 0; 1}.

1. .. , , . 7. . : - - , 2010. 2. .. : 4.
// , 2012. 8. . 5359. 3.
.. : 8.
// , 2013. 1. . 5157. 4.
.., .. ,
, . 4. . : - - , 2008.
5. .., .. : . : - - , 2012.

59
59

2013

C D

60
2013

. (. , .). : . 9 . : ; ; .
, .
.. .
:
.
, 9 .. .
., . <natalya.shishkina.1968@mail.ru>
(. , .). -. 89 . :
. 89- . : , . : ; ; ; ;
.
. <peskovata@gmail.com> (. ). .
56 . : , ; ; . . , . : ; ; ?
. ,
. , , .
. (. ). : .
8 . . .
. .
. (. , . ). .
89 .
. ,
. -

. ,
, , .
. (. ).
. 6 . . : , , ,
, ?.
, , . .
. (. , .). .
?. . , ,
.
.
. .

: 50 50; ( ); .

: , , , .
. <kovalenko481@rambler.ru>
(. ). : .
: , ! . ! ,
. .
, ,
, , , . ,
, , .
:
; ;
, .

. :

61
61

2013

. ,

,
. .
.
.
. 120 ( 6). ,
.
. ( 3). ( 1).
( 4 5) 2 2 2. .

avilow@rambler.ru,
. , .

62
2013

,
( 2),
, 8 . , .
. , , , , . , , , .
. .

CD-.



---, .
.
,
, ,
. .

, . , ,
.

.

, . ! ,
.
, ,
. ! ,
, ,
.
, . ,
, ,
. , ? !
VI ., ,
XII . . ,
.
?

2013
mat.1september.ru

: c - 32030 ( ), 26113 (); - 79073 ( ), 12717 ()