.

,
,

-- 25, 13355
: +49 / (0) 30 / 314 72356; : +49 / (0) 30 / 314 72248
e-mail: stefan.rettig@tu-berlin.de
1


: (
, )
( )

:

+ ()
+ ( )

1914 . (, )
Departement of urban water management



1. ( )
2. (
),
3.
( )
( ,
)
( )



Departement of urban water management

Summenhufigkeit
[%]

[%]

100
90
80

70
60

[%]

50
40
30
20
10
0
0

100

200

300

400

500

600

Qo in m /d
Qo 3/

Departement of urban water management

Bc, COD [1000 /] 4

(Bd,BOD Bd,COD),

(Bd,SS) (Bd,P)
, ,

( ,
)
: /N;

QDW,h (/)
-

QWW,h (/)

Departement of urban water management

: , 5, NH4-N, NO3-N, P


(
)

Departement of urban water management


/() 85% ,

. ,
/(Inhabitantd)
/( )

Qh,DW
0,5-1
1,5-2

(ATV-DVWK A 131)

5 0,04-0,05 0,01 .
*) , .
20 %.
Departement of urban water management


I
1.
2.
=> /

( 1)

/; P;

;
DN

Departement of urban water management




(
)

Co,TKN

N - :
Co,N = Co,org N + Co,NH4-N+ Co,NO3-N+ Co,NO2-N
N - :
Ce,N = Ce,org N + Ce,NH4-N+ Ce,NO3-N+ Ce,NO2-N
N - :
CNS = 0,04 - 0,05 Co,BSB5
Departement of urban water management

60 5/()

5
/

NH4-N *)
/

N .
/

P
/

< 1000

150

40

1000 < 5000

110

25

5000 < 10000

90

20

10

10000 < 100000

90

20

10

18 **)

> 100000

75

15

10

13 **)

:
Departement of urban water management

(AbwV 2004)
10

 (DWA-A 131e, 2000)

Departement of urban water management

11

 I

:
,
SSEAT

SSRS

RS = QRS/Q

( XSS,EST)
[/3]

Departement of urban water management

12

 II
QWW,

QRS = 0,75QWW,
. QRS = 1,0 QWW,

Departement of urban water management

13

10 12 (1
1 5 )

[ -
]

[
]

(DWA-A 131e, 2000)

Departement of urban water management

14



tSS:

[]

tSS =

tSS = 1/(SPdBSS)

tSS = 1/max

MLSSAT VAT
QS MLSSES + Q MLSSE

tSS ..10 - 12

MLSSAT: (MLSS) (.) [/ /3]

MLSSE:

( ) ,
( )
Departement of urban water management

15

 (DWA-A 131, 2000)

( ) ,
( )

1200 /

6000 /

Departement of urban water management

16

 SPd
SPd = SPd,BOD+ SPd,P
SPd,BOD= SPC, * Bd,BOD,ZB

[ . / 5] 10-12
()

(DWA-A 131e, 2000)

SPd,P [kg/d] = Qd [m/d] (3 XP,BioP + 6,8 XP,Prec, Fe + 5,3 XP,Prec,Al)/1000

Departement of urban water management

17


1.
2. tTh

3. (SSRS)
4. (RS)
(SSAT).

VAT SSAT.
AST tST SSAT.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.

(AST)
qa qav


()
(
)

:
Departement of urban water management

18


MLSS:
C
: 3 - 6 /

SV:
, 1000 30

> 250
()

: 200 600

SVI:

SVI = SV / MLSS
: 75 - 180 /
SVI > 150 /

Departement of urban water management

(Steinke, 2009)

19

(SVI) (/) - / c

( )

= MLSS

MLSS

SSRS =
0,7SSBS

(DWA-A 131e, 2000)

Departement of urban water management

20

(Austermann-Haun, 2011)

Departement of urban water management

21

 (tTh)

tTh []

1,5 2,0

1,0 1,5

2,0 - (2,5)

tE = 2,0
.

Departement of urban water management

22

SSBS



SVI tTh

[/3]

(DWA-A 131e, 2000)

Departement of urban water management

23



qA


DSV :

[/]
(DWA-A 131e, 2000)

Departement of urban water management

24

QWW,h (/) -
,
SVI (/)

SSEAT (/)
,

QRS

Departement of urban water management

25



:
[2]

(DWA-A 131e, 2000)

Departement of urban water management

26

(DWA-A 131e, 2000)

Departement of urban water management

27


II
:

( 2)

( O2; )
;

pH

Departement of urban water management

28


:
MSS,AT = tSS,Dim SP []

MLSS,AT: 2-6 /

:
[3]

5 (BR) (BSS):
5/(3 )

Bd = 5 Qo

BR =0,35
5/()
5/( .
)

Departement of urban water management

BSS= 0,10 5/(

. )
29

QWW,

RC

S NH 4, N
S NO 3, AN

S NH 4, N C N , ZB S orgN , AN X orgN , BM

:
Q
Q
RC RS RZ []
Qt
Qt

QRZ Qt * RF QRS

Departement of urban water management

Q
QRZ
RF RS
Qt
Qt
30

 ( O2)
C
OUd,C [ O2/] = OUC,BOD,spez Bd,BOD,I
OUC,BOD[ O2/ 5,
CCOD,IAT/CBOD;IAT 2.2

(DWA-A 131e, 2000)

OUd,N [ O2/.] = Qd * 4,3*(SNO3,D SNO3,IAT + SNO3,EST)/1000

(+)
OUd,D [kgO2/] = Qd * 2,9 * SNO3,D / 1000
Departement of urban water management

31

 ( OVh)

OV [O2 / ]

f C * (OVd ,C OVd , D ) f N * OVd , N

24

fC fN =
( )
,

: :
: I fN = 1 fC = x
II fN = x fC =1

( 2 24 ,
)

()

10

15

25

fC

1.3

1.25

1.2

1.2

1.15

1.1

fN BC,BOD,I 1200
/

2.5

2.0

2.0

1.8

1.5

15fN BC,BOD,I > 6000

/

Departement of urban water management

32



(Q, , , N )

:



A 131
A 131

Departement of urban water management

33