.

1. - ping
2. Windows
traceroute
3. -
4.

, ,

.

tracert <destination network name or end device address>
( Microsoft Windows)

traceroute <destination network name or end device address>

( Unix )
,
IP-. .
traceroute ( tracert) .
,

. ,
.
, .
,
, -.
, . (),
, ,
.
, ,
, .
,
.
c
.
, VisualRoute,
. VisualRoute
, .
VisualRoute.
VisualRoute , :
http://www.visualroute.com/download.html.

2014 Cisco / . .
Cisco.

. 1 12

 .
VisualRoute
. , Lite Edition.

- ,
.
, , .
tracert, Windows, -
(http://www.subnetonline.com/pages/network-tools/online-traceroute.php) , ,
VisualRoute.

1 ( Windows 7, Vista XP ).

1: -
ping
1: , .

.
a. - ping. ping .
. ,
. , ,
.
b. , cmd
.

c.

ping www.cisco.com.

2014 Cisco / . .
Cisco.

. 2 12

d. (Full Qualified Domain

Name, FQDN) e144.dscb.akamaiedge.net. IP- 23.1.48.170. -
Cisco, , (
) . , FQDN IP-
.
e. .

, - ping,
. -
ping, , (0 % ).
54 (). 1/1000 .

-. - ,
4 - ping, ,
100. .

f.

- (ping) - - (Regional
Internet Registry, RIR), .

C:\> ping www.afrinic.net

2014 Cisco / . .
Cisco.

. 3 12

C:\> ping www.apnic.net

C:\> ping www.ripe.net

C:\> ping www.lacnic.net

2014 Cisco / . .
Cisco.

. 4 12

- (ping) , .
- ( ),
( ), ,
?
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
- (ping), -?
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________

2:
tracert
1: , -
.
ping,
, . tracert.
a. tracert www.cisco.com.

2014 Cisco / . .
Cisco.

. 5 12

 .
b. , tracert, ,
.
1)
> .
2)
> .
3) Windows. >
> .
4) , .
5)
tracert1.txt.
c.

tracert -
.
C:\> tracert www.afrinic.net
C:\> tracert www.lacnic.net

d. , tracert.
-
.
. ,
. ,
.
, .
, ,
.
.
, ,
IP- ( x.x.x.x). tracert ,
. , tracert
, .
,
. , ,
tracert www.cisco.com.
.

2014 Cisco / . .
Cisco.

. 6 12

, tracert,
( 1: 192.168.1.1),
(Point of Presence, POP) - ( 2:
10.18.20.1). POP.
- .
Verizon, ,
alter.net. , -.
,
. , -
. , alter.net
-?
e. - whois,
. - whois ( )
http://whois.domaintools.com/. , whois, alter.net
Verizon.

2014 Cisco / . .
Cisco.

. 7 12

, -
( 1). -
( 27), ( 8).
, .
, .
f.

- . tracert www.afrinic.net.

2014 Cisco / . .
Cisco.

. 8 12

 .
7? level3.net -,
26? , whois.
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
, ,
10, 19?
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
18? whois
168.209.201.74. ?
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
g. tracert www.lacnic.net.

7?
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________

2014 Cisco / . .
Cisco.

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3:
-
1: - .
- http://www.subnetonline.com/pages/network-tools/online-tracepath.php
-:
www.cisco.com;
www.afrinic.net.
.
www.cisco.com (.
1), -? (
, - .)
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
1
-. ?
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
asymm. ,
? ?
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________

2: VisualRoute Lite Edition.

VisualRoute ,
.
a. VisualRoute Lite Edition ,
:
http://www.visualroute.com/download.html.
VisualRoute
. , Lite Edition.
b. VisualRoute 2010 Lite Edition www.cisco.com.
c.

IP- .

2014 Cisco / . .
Cisco.

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4:
www.cisco.com, 2 3.

1: www.cisco.com,
tracert.
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________

2: www.cisco.com, subnetonline.com.
_______________________________________________________________________________________

3: www.cisco.com,
VisualRoute Lite Edition.
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
www.cisco.com?
.
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
2014 Cisco / . .
Cisco.

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( tracert, VisualRoute). , VisualRoute
- , ?
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________

2014 Cisco / . .
Cisco.

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