แบบฝึ กหัด

เรื่อง การแก้ อสมการเชิงเส้ น

จงหาคำตอบของอสมการต่อไปนี้
1. x  7  2  x 2. 2 x  1  5  2 x
……………………………………………………..... …………………………………………………………..
………………………………………………………. …………………………………………………………..
………………………………………………………. …………………………………………………………..
………………………………………………………. …………………………………………………………..
………………………………………………………. …………………………………………………………..

3. 3x  2 > 18  2x 4. 7  2x < 11  x
……………………………………………………..... …………………………………………………………..
………………………………………………………. …………………………………………………………..
………………………………………………………. …………………………………………………………..
………………………………………………………. …………………………………………………………..
………………………………………………………. …………………………………………………………..
………………………………………………………. …………………………………………………………..
………………………………………………………. …………………………………………………………..

5. 5 x  3  3  2  x  6. 3  x  2  < 2 x  1
……………………………………………………..... …………………………………………………………..
………………………………………………………. …………………………………………………………..
………………………………………………………. …………………………………………………………..
………………………………………………………. …………………………………………………………..
………………………………………………………. …………………………………………………………..
………………………………………………………. …………………………………………………………..
………………………………………………………. …………………………………………………………..
………………………………………………………. …………………………………………………………..
………………………………………………………. …………………………………………………………..

1 3 1 1
7.  2 x  1  x 8.  x  4   x  1
3 5 4 3
……………………………………………………..... …………………………………………………….....
………………………………………………………. ……………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………….
2 3
9. 3x   5x 
5 5
…………………………………………………….....
……………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………….
11.
x  2

2

x  4
4 3
…………………………………………………….....
……………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………….
การแก้อสมการเชิงเส้นที่มีเครื่ องหมาย ≠
13. 5x  2  3x  8
…………………………………………………….....
……………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………….
 3
10. 5  4x    17  x  1  2
 5
…………………………………………………….....
……………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………….
12. 8  3  1  2x  > 0
6
…………………………………………………….....
……………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………….
14. 5  x  1  2  3x  4 
…………………………………………………….....
……………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………. ……………………………………………………….

x x x 1 1 x
15. 2
 5 
3
 6 16. 6

2

3

2
……………………………………………………..... …………………………………………………….....
………………………………………………………. ……………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………. ……………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………. ……………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………. ……………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………. ……………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………. ……………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………. ……………………………………………………….
17. 3x  8  5  2 x  3 18.
1
 2  x 
1
 3  x 
1
2 4 2
…………………………………………………….....
………………………………………………………. …………………………………………………….....
………………………………………………………. ……………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………. ……………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………. ……………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………. ……………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………. ……………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………. ……………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………. ……………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………. ……………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………….
ตัวอย่าง จงแก้อสมการ 1  x < 2 x  4 < 20  2x
วิธีทำ จากโจทย์แยกเป็ นสองกรณี ได้ดงั นี้
1  x < 2x  4 2x  4 < 20  2x
1  x  2x < 2x  4  2x 2x  4  2x < 20  2 x  2x
1  3x < 4 4x  4 < 20
1  3x  1 < 4 - 1 4x  4  4 < 20 - 4
3x < 3 4x < 16
3 x 3 4x 16
3
> 3
<
4 4
x > 1 x < 4

สรุ ปได้วา่ -1 < x < 4

ดังนั้นคำตอบของอสมการนี้คือ จำนวนทุกจำนวนที่มากกว่า -1 แต่นอ้ ยกว่า 4
จงแก้อสมการ 2 x  3 < x  3 < 3x  8
วิธีทำ แยกเป็ น 2x  3 < x  3 และ x  3 < 3x  8
.......................................................................... ……………………………….……………….
.......................................................................... ……………………………….……………….
.......................................................................... ……………………………….……………….
.......................................................................... ……………………………….……………….
.......................................................................... ……………………………….……………….
สรุ ปได้วา่ ………………………………………………………………….
ดังนั้นคำตอบของอสมการนี้คือ ……………………………………………………………………….
3x  4 x  1 x  5
จงแก้อสมการ 5

3
 1 
3
วิธีทำ ................................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................................