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4. Арчак. Мастерские
Конюшенного приказа
Московского Кремля
2-я половина XVII в.
Пищаль. Москва, Оружейная палата. XVII в.
Saadak (a case for the bow and a quiver for the arrows).
Moscow Armoury. 1667
Stitching by Prokofy Andreyev and Ostafy
9. Наручи. Москва, Оружейная палата. XVII в. Vambraces. Moscow Armoury. 17th century
Шестопер. Запорожье. 1659 г. Shestopyor (kind ot a mace). Zaporozhye. 1659
Стремена. Мастерские Московского Кремля. XVII в. Stirrups. Moscow Kremlin workshops. 17th century
Afanasiev and Stepan Fyodotov are now in the worked again. Chiselling was very often used to
Museum's collection. On one of the saddles, ex decorate handgun barrels, maces, axes, stirrups,
quisite enamel ornaments cover the entire surface etc. "Embassy" axes, as the weapons of the
of the pommel and the cantle. The same style is ryndy (the Tsar's bodyguards who stood watch
used in decorating the headstalls, gunstick tubes by the throne) were called, were made of cast
on pistols and rifles, gun powder boxes and carbonik steel and decorated with gold chiselling
sabres. representing two-headed eagles under a crown,
Chasing techniques, highly developed in the the symbol of the Tsar's authority, and fierce
17th century, were used to create expressive lions amid a foliate pattern.
high-relief patterns on the cantles and pommels Moscow was frequently visited by merchants
of saddles, weapons, chains, etc., which were from the Orient who brought thoroughbred horses,
also gold plated to make them even more at jewellery, spices, carpets, horse accoutrements
tractive. The staff of command made by Russian and swords for sale. A 17th-century Iranian
armourers at the time is embellished with weapon, a small sword with a richly decorated
beautiful chasing; the smooth gilt bands on the steel blade and set in fine gilt fretwork, is now in
pommel form patterns studded with large chased the collection. The proportionality of the forms of
beads. the blade and the handle and the exceptionally
Intricate decoration and simple forms are also fine finish testify to the skill of the Iranian ar
characteristic of wrought iron weapons and mourer.
riding gear. Breast and back armour plates were Turkey was a major trading partner of the
often decorated with fine engraving or gold and Moscow state. Things made by Turkish crafts
silver chiselling. In the latter case, deep incisions men, jewellers, weavers and armourers, were
were made on the surface of the metal to follow widely used by the Russian feudal nobility,
the pattern needed, wherein a precious metal Turkish saddles being particularly popular.
wire was placed; then the product was thoroughly With their broad frame, high narrow pommels
20. Сабля. Китай. Конец XVII — начало XVIII в. Sabre. China. Late 17th or early 18th century
Стремена. Китай. 2-я половина XVII в. Stirrups. China. Second half of the 17th century
мент выполнен в технике высокорельефного Gunsmiths in Italy, where Brescia was the
шитья, высота которого достигалась тем, что major centre of gun making, also decorated their
под него подкладывали картон. Рельефное weapons with chiselling. A favourite technique of
шитье напоминает чеканку, ее техникой в со
the Italian gunsmiths was that of decorating
вершенстве владели немецкие серебряники.
Чеканные накладки украшали пистолеты, pistols with lacework plates for greater decorative
ружья, предметы конского убора. Комплект, effect. Dirks were also used as hunting weapons
состоящий из нагрудного и головного ремней, in the 17th and 18th centuries. German dirks had
выполненный в Западной Европе, украшен silver, gilt bronze and antler handles.
овальными накладками с чеканными изобра The collection of weapons and horse accoutre
жениями охотников. ments in the Moscow Kremlin museums offers
В Центральной Европе для оформления one a fine opportunity to acquaint oneself with
парадной упряжи часто использовали перла the decoration and design of works by craftsmen
мутровые накладки, мерцающий блеск кото
рых перекликался с серебристым цветом ме from Europe and the Middle and Far East.
талла. Украшение изделий дополнялось гра
натами густого красного цвета, добывавши
мися в Богемии.
Для оформления западноевропейского
охотничьего оружия широко применялись че
канка, литье, резьба. С большим мастерством
нанесены на замочную доску колесцового
штуцера, выполненного в Вене в начале
X V I I I века, гравированные сцены охоты. При
клад штуцера сделан из карельской березы,
древесина которой отличается большой жи
вописностью, и дополнен небольшими сереб
ряными накладками с резными изображе-
ниями.