МИНИСТЕРСТВО СЕЛЬСКОГО ХОЗЯЙСТВА РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ

ФЕДЕРАЛЬНОЕ АГЕНСТВО ПО РЫБОЛОВСТВУ

ФЕДЕРАЛЬНОЕ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОЕ ОБРАЗОВАТЕЛЬНОЕ УЧРЕЖДЕНИЕ
ВЫСШЕГО ПРОФЕССИОНАЛЬНОГО ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ
МУРМАНСКИЙ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЙ ТЕХНИЧЕСКИЙ УНИВЕРСИТЕТ

Кафедра
иностранных языков

ENGLISH FOR MARINE ENGINEERING CADETS

(Английский для курсантов-судомехаников)

Учебное пособие
для курсантов I курса СМФ

Мурманск 2011
Составители - Лариса Ивановна Окунева, доцент кафедры иностранных
языков Мурманского государственного технического
университета.

Методические указания рассмотрены и одобрены кафедрой иностранных

языков, протокол №

Рецензент - кафедры иностранных языков Мурманского

государственного технического университета.

Редактор Г.В. Зобнина

© Мурманский государственный технический университет, 2011

 Введение

Данное учебное пособие предназначено для курсантов 1 курса

судомеханического факультета на начальном этапе обучения по дисциплине
«Английский язык». Целью данного курса является обучение как устной, так и
письменной форме общения.
Для обучения устной речи в учебное пособие включены упражнения и
задания, помогающие обучаемым приобрести навыки подготовленного и
неподготовленного монологического высказывания, развить умения и навыки
диалогической речи и научиться участвовать в беседах и дискуссиях, а также
воспринимать на слух различные сообщения по изучаемой тематике.
Особое внимание уделяется изучению грамматического материала и
расширению активного и пассивного словаря общеразговорной и морской
лексики. Учебное пособие включает упражнения на активизацию новой
лексики, справочный грамматический материал и лабораторные работы на
закрепление полученных знаний. Наряду с тренировочным лексико-
грамматическим материалом в пособии предусмотрен раздел на повторение
изученной лексики и грамматики для подготовки обучаемых к выполнению
контрольных заданий.
 ОГЛАВЛЕНИЕ

ОГЛАВЛЕНИЕ.......................................................................................................
ВВЕДЕНИЕ............................................................................................................
UNIT 1....................................................................................................................
UNIT 2....................................................................................................................
UNIT 3....................................................................................................................
UNIT 4....................................................................................................................
LABORATORY WORK 1....................................................................................
LABORATORY WORK 2....................................................................................
LABORATORY WORK 3....................................................................................
LABORATORY WORK 4....................................................................................
REVISION………………………………………………………………………..
 UNIT 1.VISITING A PORT (GIVING DIRECTIONS)

avenue ['xvinjH] проспект, широкая улица

bakery ['beikqri] булочная
bank [bxNk] банк
bar [bR] бар
beach [bJC] пляж
block [blOk] квартал
bus station [bAs steiSn] автовокзал
bus stop [bAs stOp] остановка автобуса
café [‘kxfei] кафе
cinema ['sinimq] кинотеатр
east [Jst] восток
hotel [hou’tel] гостиница
get out [get aut] выходить (из транспорта)
go past (pass (by)) [gou pRst (pRs)] проходить мимо
library ['laibrqri] библиотека
market ['mRkit] рынок, базар
museum [mju(:)'ziqm] музей
north [nLT] север
park [pRk] парк
port [pLt] порт
post office [poust 'Ofis] почта
railway station ['reilwei 'steiSn] железнодорожный вокзал
restaurant ['restqrLN] [rOnt] ресторан
road [roud] дорога, путь
shop [SOp] магазин, покупать
skating-rink ['skeitiN 'riNk] каток
south [sauT] юг
square ['skwFq] площадь
stadium ['steidjqm] стадион
straight [streit] прямой, прямо
supermarket ['sjHpq'mRkit] супермаркет
swimming pool ['swimiN pHl] бассейн
take (a bus) [teik q 'bAs] сесть (в автобус)
theatre ['Tiqtq] театр
Town Hall [taun hLl] администрация (здание)
traffic lights ['trxfik laits] светофор
turn [tWn] повернуть
west [west] запад

LESSON 1

1. What places are in a town? Match the words with the pictures.
 2. What other places are in a town? Name and write more words. Use a
dictionary.

3. Work with a study partner. Ask and answer questions about your home
(native) towns.
Example: - Does your town have a swimming pool?
- No, it doesn’t.

- Is there a bus station in your town?

- Yes, there is.
- Where is it?
- It’s next to the railway station. (in … street, far from the center,
not far from the center, right in the center)

4. In the table given below there are questions which help you to ask for
directions. Possible answers may help you to describe the way.

Where is a port? Go straight on Lenin You can’t miss it.

street.
How do (can) I get to the It’s on the corner.
bus station? Go straight for two blocks.
It’s in front of you.
How do (can) I get from Go straight up to the traffic
the post office to the bank? lights (until Kirov street.) It’s on the opposite side.

Can you tell me the way to Go two blocks. It’s on the left (right).
the Town Hall?
Go past the cinema (pass It’s at the end of the street.
Which way to the (by) the cinema).
swimming pool? It’s next to the post office.
Turn south (north, west
Is it far from here? east). It takes you 10 min to walk
there.
How long does it take me Turn right (left) on
to get there? Pushkin street. It’s a 10-minutes’ walk
from here.
Must I take a bus? Take a bus.
It’ quite a distance. You’d
Get out in three bus stops better take a bus.

Get out at (the next bus

stop, at Kirov street.)

Go as far as the traffic

lights and …

Cross the street at the

traffic lights.

5. This is a map of Mariposa. Look at the key. Find the places on the map.

MARIPOSA
6. Look at the map again. Follow the directions. Answer the questions.
7. Using the map of Mariposa describe the directions:
 a) from the restaurant to the bar;
b) from the bank to the cinema;
c) from the park to the port;
d) from the port to the school;
e) from the beach to the post office;
f) from the school to the cinema.

LESSON 2

1. Listen to the CD and repeat the phrases which help you to ask for
directions.

2. Your ship visits Mariposa. You ask for directions. Read the travel agent’s
answers. Where do you want to go? Complete the dialogues and act them
with your study partner.

Example: You – Excuse me, how do I get from the school to the beach?
Travel Agent – OK. Start at the school. Turn east. Go straight on Daffodil
Lane. Turn right on Main street. Go south until Boardwalk
Avenue. It’s in front of you.
You – Is it far?
Travel Agent – Not very far. It takes you 10 minutes to get there.

a) You -
Travel Agent – OK. Start at the cinema. Turn east then turn north on Tulip Street.
Go two blocks. It’s on the left, opposite the port. You can’t miss
it.
You –
Travel Agent –

b) You -
Travel Agent – OK. Start at the hotel. Go north straight up Rosewood Street.
Turn right onto Oak Road. It’s there on the left.
You –
Travel Agent –

c) You -
Travel Agent - OK. Start at the railway station. Go straight on Boardwalk
Avenue. Pass the cinema. Then turn left on Tulip Street. Go
north past Portside Avenue. It’s on the left.
You –
Travel Agent –
3. Look at the map of Mariposa again. Ask a study partner to give you
directions. Start from the port.

4. Now you are in your home town next to the railway station. Can you give a
stranger directions to:
  The nearest bank;
 Drama Theatre;
 The park;
 The Fishing port;
 The stadium;
 The museum;
 The nearest supermarket.
 Town Hall

5. Pair work. Make up a short conversation with your study partner about
your friend’s first visit of your town using the following sentences:

 I like skiing (skating, swimming). Where can I go to do that?

 I’m fond of history and I’d like to know much about your city. Does
your town have a museum?
 I’d like to buy some souvenirs to take home. Can you tell me a good
place to shop?

LESSON 3

1. Match the phrases with the pictures.

2. Listen to the CD. A visitor wants to see the ship. The Chief Officer takes
him on a tour. What places do they talk about?

3. Listen to the dialogue again. Rearrange the places they talk about in
correct order (according to the dialogue). There are some extra places
which you don’t need to use.
  The chart room
 The officers’ messroom
 The bridge
 The officers’ cabins
 The hospital
 The radio room
 The ratings’ cabins
 The engine room
 The laundry
 The galley
 The Captain’s office

4. Match the questions with the answers.

Where is the hospital? Behind the bridge.

Where is the Captain’s office? At the end of the corridor.
Where is the ratings’ accommodation? Up the stairs.
Where is the chart room? On the port side.
Where is the bridge? Two decks/levels down

5. Pair work. Act as the Chief Officer and explain a visitor the way to
different places on the ship. Start from the main deck. A visitor (your
study partner) wants to get to:

 The bridge
 The radio room
 The chart room
 The hospital
 The officers’ cabins
 The ratings’ cabins
 The Captain’s office

6. Read the dialogue and check whether your directions were correct.

Сhief Officer: Ah Mr. Hansen, it's pleasure to meet you. I'm the Chief Officer.
I believe you want to see some places on the ship?
Mr. Bubbles: Ah yes, that's correct.
Сhief Officer: OK, let me show you the way. First, we can look at the bridge.
Please turn right and go up these stairs one level... it's in front of
you there.
Mr. Hansen: Yes, I see. Very good. Which way to the radio room?
Chief Officer: The radio room is on the right and the chart room is
behind us.
Mr. Hansen: I see. Is the Radio Officer in there?
Chief Officer: No, he isn't. Let me show you the hospital.
Mr. Hansen: Certainly.
Chief Officer: OK, go straight ahead to the end of the corridor. It's on the
starboard side.
Mr. Hansen: All right, then. And where are the cabins?
Chief Officer: The officers' cabins are one level below us. The ratings' cabins
are two levels down.
Mr. Hansen: OK.
Chief Officer: So here we have the hospital. Do you want to see inside?
Mr. Hansen: No, that's not necessary. There is somebody in there.
Chief Officer: In that case Captain MacMillan is ready to see you. Please come
this way. We can turn left here and his office is on the port side.
Mr. Hansen: Very good. Thank you for showing me around.

7. Read the phrases below. They show that you understand or agree. Find
the words and phrases in the dialogue in Ex 6 and reproduce the situations
where these phrases are used.

8. Listen to the recording. Repeat the phrases.

9. Make up short dialogues “Guests at the University”. Ask for directions to

the Dean’s office (the library, the English chair, the gymnasium, the
college hostel, the messroom and so on). Your study partner must explain
the way to the place you need.

LESSON 4 (additional lesson)

approximately [q'prOksimitli] приблизительно

area ['Fqriq ] регион, территория
beautiful ['bjHtiful] красивый
buy [bai ] покупать
chef [Cef] шеф повар
clothes [klouDz] одежда
continue [kqn'tinjH] продолжать
east [Jst] восток
explore [iks'plL] исследовать
explorer [iks'plLrq] исследователь
famous ['feimqs] известный
food [fHd] еда
free [frJ] бесплатный
hill waking ['hil 'wLkiN] горный туризм
in honour [in 'Onq] в честь
journey ['GWni] путешествие
local people ['loukql 'pJpl] местные жители
market ['mRkit] рынок
mountain ['mauntin] гора
north [nLT] север
outdoor sports ['autdL 'spLts] спорт на открытом
воздухе
owner ['ounq] собственник
rent [rent] взять на прокат
restaurant ['restqrOnt] ресторан
shop (go/do shopping) [SOpiN] делать покупки
skiing ['skiiN] катание на лыжах
south [sauT] юг
souvenir ['sHvqniq] сувенир
square [skwFq] площадь
statue ['stxtjH] статуя
surfing ['sWfiN] серфинг
view [vjH] вид
village ['viliG] деревня
west [west ] запад

1. Look at the map of the area of New Dale. Look for : a hotel, a hospital, a
river, a hill town, the beach, two bridges, four villages.
2. Read the tourist information about the area of New Dale. Write the names
of the towns and villages on the key on the map.
 3.
4.
5. Look at the map of New Dale again. Imagine that you live in the area. A
seafarer arrives in Marlay and asks you for information. He has some free
time and he wants to see around New Dale. Complete the dialogue.

Seafarer: Excuse me, can you help me, please?

You: Yes, what is it?
Seafarer: Can you tell me the way to Maguan, please?
You: Sure. ……………………………………..
Seafarer: I see. Do you know how far it is, approximately?
You: ……………………………………………
Seafarer: OK. I like walking. Where can I go to do that?
You: …………………………………………….
Seafarer: Right. And is there a place to stay in the mountains?
You: ……………………………………………
Seafarer: Oh that’s good. I would also like to buy some souvenirs to take
home. Can you tell me a good place to shop?
You: ...................................................................
Seafarer: That sounds good. How do I get there from Sierra?
You: ……………………………………………
Seafarer: Great! Thanks for your help!
You: You’re welcome – enjoy your visit!

6. Practise the dialogue with your study partner. Ask for information and
directions to other places in New Dale.

UNIT 2. SEASONS AND WEATHER

average [′ævərid ] средний

blizzard [′blizəd] снежная буря, буран
boiling [′b iliŋ] горячий, палящий
bright [′brait] яркий
cause [′k :z] вызывать, быть
причиной
changeable [′t∫eind əbl] изменчивый
chilly [′t∫ili] прохладный
clear [′kliə] безоблачный, ясный
cloud [′klaud] облако, туча
common [′k mən] обычный
damp [′dæmp] влажный, сырой
daylight [′deilait] дневной свет, день
drizzle [′drizl] моросить
dry [′drai] сухой
fog [′f g] туман
freezing [′fri:ziŋ] холодный, ледяной
fresh [′fre∫] свежий
frost [′fr st] мороз
heavy [′hevi] сильный
humid [′hju:mid] влажный
melt [′melt] таять
mild [′maild] мягкий
occasional [ə′kei ənəl] редкий, случайный
overcast [′ouvə-ca:st] покрытый облаками,
мрачный, хмурый
pour [′p :] литься, лить
range [′reind ] колебаться в
определенных пределах
rare [′rεə] редкий
shower [′∫auə] ливень
skies [′skaiz] небеса
sleet [′sli:t] дождь со снегом
slush [′sl Λ∫] слякоть
snow [′snou] снег, идти (о снеге)
spell [′spel] промежуток времени,
период
strong [′str ŋ] сильный
sun [′s Λn] солнце
sunshine [′s Λn∫ain] хорошая, солнечная
погода
thick [′θik] густой
thunderstorm [′θ Λndə-st :m] гроза
wet [′wet] влажный, сырой
wind [′wind] ветер

LESSON 1

Look at the table below. Make new words, memorize them and enrich your
vocabulary.

noun + -у, -ous → adjective

sun солнце sunny солнечный

wind ветер windy ветреный
fog туман ~ ~
snow снег ~ ~
rain дождь ~ ~
cloud туча ~ ~
slush слякоть ~ ~
sand песок ~ ~
hill холм ~ ~
rock скала ~ ~
chill холод ~ ~
mountain гора mountainous горный

verb + -able → adjective

change менять changeable изменчивый

move двигаться ~ ~
forget забывать ~ ~
comfort утешать ~ ~
irritate раздражать ~ ~
service обслуживать ~ ~

Безличные предложения

1. Русским безличным предложениям типа «Осень», «Ветрено», «Туманно»

в английском языке соответствуют безличные предложения: It is autumn.
It is windy. It is foggy.
2. Русским предложениям «В январе часто идет снег. В ноябре часто идет
дождь.» соответствуют английские: It often snows in January. It often rains
in November.
3. Безличные предложения выражают:

 явления природы

It snows in winter. Зимой идет снег

 время и расстояние

It is two p.m. now. Сейчас два часа дня

It is far from the center. Это далеко от центра

 оценку совершения действия и состояния

It is difficult to translate the text from Трудно переводить текст с русского

Russian into English. на английский
It is cool in the classroom. В классе прохладно

1. Read the sentences and say which of them are suitable for today’s
weather.
1. It is cold (cool, freezing, warm, hot, boiling) today. 2. It is snowy (rainy). 3. It is
cloudy (sunny, overcast). 4. It is frosty. 5. It is windy. 6. It is wet (dry). 7. It is slushy.
8. It is nasty. 9. It is fine.

2. Complete the sentences with a correct form of the verb to be.

1. The weather is OK, but there … a lot of clouds.

2. There … some interesting countryside around here.
3. I know a place where there … some fantastic mountains.
4. There … a lot of people in this country.
5. … there a lot of snow in this part of the country?
6. I think there … a lot of money in tourism.
7. … there a lot of tourists in the capital?
8. There … some incredible beaches along the coast.
9. This is a lake where there … a fantastic waterfall.
10. I don’t think there … a lot of wind or rain in this area.

3. Use it or there with a correct form of the verb to be.

1. … very windy today.

1. … always a beautiful blue sky when we go to the beach.
2. “Where is the nearest pub?” “… at the end of this road”
3. … cold and damp in this country.
4. … a lot of rain this week.
5. … a train to Glasgo at 9:15 every day.
6. I think … a bank in Peter Street.
7. The weather’s awful. … awful the whole day.
8. … freezing one day and boiling the next. I never know what to wear.
9. … a beach about fifteen kilometers from here.

4. True or false? If a sentence is false, give a true sentence about the weather
conditions in the sentence.

1. It often pours with rain in early autumn in your region.

2. It gets quite warm in March in our town..
3. A shower is a gentle breeze.
4. A gale is a stronger wind than hurricane.
5. A spell (a period) of hot weather may end in a thunderstorm.
6. If it is damp, the air is very dry.
7. Above zero, water turns to ice.
8. Heavy rain means that it is pouring with rain.
9. When it’s foggy you need sunglasses.
10. After a thunderstorm it feels fresher.
 5. What types of weather are bad and good for doing these things?

Example: Skiing bad: mild weather which makes the snow melt;
good: cold, clear days

1. Planting flowers in a garden.

2. Having an evening barbecue.
3. Going out in a small sailing boat.
4. A day of sightseeing in a big city.
5. Camping out in a tent.

6. What kinds of weather do you think causes the following to happen? Make
up some sentences which could go before each of these ones.

1. We must sit in the shade every afternoon.

2. I can hardly breathe; I wish it would rain to cool us down.
3. A lot of people have to use rubber boots to get around.
4. They have to close the airport; the snow is a meter deep.
5. We can sit in the garden in the middle of winter.
6. It blows the things out of my hands.
7. I can hardly see my hand in front of my face.
8. They have to stay at home and put away all thoughts of a barbecue.

7. There are three ways of talking about the weather.

with a verb with a noun with an adjective

It often rains. There is often rain. It is often rainy / wet.
It often clouds over. There is often cloud. It is often cloudy.

Now put these words into the correct columns:

Blow cold cool icy fog foggy hot shine sunshine snow ( two places) sun
sunny warm wind windy heat shower showery humid damp freezing
boiling slush slushy dry melt get overcast frosty

8. To ask about the weather, we say: What’s the weather like today? Describe
today’s weather using the vocabulary and grammar of the given lesson.

LESSON 2

Степени сравнения прилагательных и наречий

Имена прилагательные и наречия имеют положительную, сравнительную и
превосходную степени.
 1. Односложные прилагательные и наречия, двусложные с ударением на
первом слоге, а также прилагательные оканчивающиеся на ~er, ~ee, ~ow, ~y
образуют сравнительную степень с помощью суффикса -er, а превосходную
степень с помощью суффикса -est. Существительное, определяемое
прилагательным в превосходной степени, употребляется с определенным артиклем, а
перед наречием в превосходной степени артикль не употребляется.
Положительная Сравнительная Превосходная
степень степень степень
This building is high. That building is higher. That is the highest
Это здание высокое. То здание выше. building in the city.
Это самое высокое
здание в городе.

He came near and said She came nearer to us.

“Hullo”. They stood nearest to us.
Она подошла ближе к Они стояли ближе всех к
Он подошел близко и нам. нам.
сказал «Привет».

2. Сравнительная степень многосложных прилагательных и наречий

образуется при помощи слова more, а превосходная - при помощи слова (the)
most. Для того чтобы выразить уменьшение качества или свойства предмета,
употребляются слова less менее; (the) least наименее.

Положительная Сравнительная Превосходная

степень степень степень
This film is interesting. That film is more That is the most
Этот фильм interesting. interesting film I’ve seen.
интересный. Тот фильм более Это самый интересный
интересный. фильм, который я видел.

This work is important. That work is less This work is the least
important. important.
Эта работа важная.
Та работа менее Эта работа самая
важная. неважная.

3. Некоторые прилагательные и наречия образуют степени сравнения от разных основ.

Положительная Сравнительная Превосходная
 степень степень степень
good, well better (the) best
хороший, хорошо лучше самый лучший, лучше всего
bad, badly worse (the) worst
плохой, плохо хуже самый худший, хуже всего
many, much more (the) most
много больше самый большой, больше всего
little less (the) least
маленький, мало меньше самый маленький,
наименьший, меньше всего

far а) farther а)the farthest

в) further в)the furthest

далекий, далеко а) дальше (по а) дальше всего (по

расстоянию) расстоянию)

в) дальше (по в) дальше всего (по времени)

времени)

Имеются также способы выражения сравнения с помощью союзов:

1. Для сравнения двух предметов одинакового качества прилагательное в
основной форме ставится между парным союзом as … as, обозначающим
такой же … как.
Для того чтобы избежать повторения существительного, употребляется
местоимение one (ones – для множественного числа) или указательное
местоимение that (those):

This street is as long as that one. Эта улица такая же длинная, как та.

The days in summer are longer than Летом дни длиннее, чем (дни) зимой.
those in winter.

2. В отрицательных предложениях вместо союза as … as употребляется

союз not so … as (not as … as), который на русский язык переводится не
такой … как:

The Dnieper is not so (as) long as the Днепр не такая длинная река, как
Volga Волга
 3. Конструкция the … the в сочетании с прилагательным или наречием в
сравнительной степени переводится на русский язык союзом чем … тем:

The longer the days, the shorter the Чем длиннее дни, тем короче ночи.
nights.

4. После сравнительной степени употребляется союз than, который

переводится словом чем или совсем не переводится:

Exercise 5 is easier than exercise 7. Упражнение 5 легче (чем упражнение)

упражнения 7.

1. Read and translate the following sentences paying attention to the degrees
of comparison.

1. What is the shortest way to the station?

2. Which way to the station is shorter?
3. The 9 o’clock flight is too late for me. I’d like to go by an earlier one
(flight).
4. It’s the luckiest day in my life! I’m the happiest man in the world.
5. Russian grammar is more difficult than English grammar.
6. I think this seat is more comfortable for your mother.
7. These are the most important problems which we must discuss today.
8. I would like to buy a less expensive video camera because I have not
enough money to buy a more expensive one (camera). – We can
recommend you this model it is the least expensive one at our shop.
9. He is younger than me (He is younger than I am). – How many years is
he younger? – He is five years younger than me.
10. That way is only one kilometer longer than the way (which) you are
talking about.
11. Grounding is as dangerous as collision.
12. This room is as comfortable as that one (room). But it is not so large as
that one.
13. St.-Petersburg is not so old as Moscow (is).
14. Moscow is much older than St.-Petersburg. But St.-Petersburg is not less
important than Moscow (is).
15. My friend is a little more skillful driver than me but I am a bit more
careful.
16. We are going to stay two weeks more (longer) here.
17. Next week is going to be the coldest this month. It is getting much colder
with each day.
 18. This cadet is good at chemistry, but he is worse at maths and the worst
one at English.

2. Form the comparative and the superlative of one-syllable and of many

two-syllable regular adjectives adding ~er / ~est.

Example: fast → faster → fastest (a faster boat / the fastest boat)

clever → cleverer → cleverest (a cleverer decision / the cleverest plan)

short, long, dry, fresh, clear, bright, mild, rare, thick, wet, hard, dark, great, nice,
light, high, few, tall, young, wide, deep, hot;
windy, sunny, cloudy, rainy, snowy, foggy, slushy, rocky, chilly, nasty, easy, busy,
early, heavy, friendly, narrow, yellow.

3. Form the comparative and the superlative of three- or more syllable

adjectives and of some two-syllable adjectives using more / (the) most.
Example: beautiful → more beautiful → (the) most beautiful
(a more beautiful place / the most beautiful lake)

interesting, difficult, favourite, comfortable, powerful, useful, wonderful, changeable,

important, dangerous, expensive;
constant, pleasant, splendid, modern.

4. Answer the following questions:

1. Which country is bigger, France or England (Russia or Japan)?

2. Which sea is deeper, the Black Sea or the Baltic Sea?
3. Which sea is colder, the Baltic sea or the White Sea?
4. Which is the best time for holiday? Which the worst?
5. Which month is shorter, July or August?
6. Which is the hottest month of the year and which is the coldest?
7. Which is the busiest day of the week for you and why?
8. Who is the best cadet in your group?
9. Are you better at English than at other subjects?
10.Which subject is the easiest for you?
11.Which is the most difficult?
12.Which is the most interesting for you?
13.Why are you more interested in it than in the other subjects?

5. Read and translate the following phrases.

to blow from the north long daylight

the air is very damp a time of fine weather
to end with a thunderstorm the weather is humid
little sunshine the fog is dense
fairly cold after very heavy rain
average temperature clear blue skies
at a time the weather is boiling (freezing)
it is windy and cold maritime climate
it is common for … occasional thunderstorms

6. Complete the text about the weather in Britain, using the words and
expressions in the box.

The Weather in Britain

In Britain, …… is very changeable , it …… a lot, but the sun often …… too.

Winters can be fairly …… and damp, with an average …… of 5°C in the south; there
is often snow. Summers can be cool or warm, but the temperature …… not usually
go above 30°C. It is …… cloudy, and there are sometimes grey …… for days or
weeks …… . Days are …… in summer and …… in winter. There is sometimes fog,
especially in spring and autumn, But it is not so common as foreigners think.
Thunderstorms (storms with thunder and lightning) are quite common in
mountainous areas. British …… never …… what tomorrow’s weather will be …… .

at a time does know like long cold often

people rains shines short skies temperature weather

 Say what the best season to visit Britain is. Explain your reasons.

7. This chart shows anyone who wants to visit the West of Ireland what
weather to expect at different times of the year. Make a similar chart for
the Murmansk region.

Dec – March April – June July – Aug Sept - Nov

coldest months; generally cool; warmest months; often mild;
usually quite wet; often wet and bright with becoming cold;
snow on high windy but showers; cool sea mist and fog
ground improving breezes

 Say what the best season to visit Murmansk is. Explain your
reasons.

8. Listen to the recording. What do Cheryl and Marcus say about the
weather in South Africa and the north of England? When is the best time
to go?

LESSON 3
 1. Read the text “Winter in Murmansk”

Winter in Murmansk

The climate in the area of the Kola Inlet is maritime. Summers are cool and
winters are mild. But in fact the climate is very hostile for a man. The winter is rather
long. It lasts from October till May. Temperatures in winter range from 0 to -15C;
5 below zero is a normal winter temperature. The temperature sometimes falls down
below 20C. It is very cold, but only for a week or two at a time. It often snows
heavily and there is much snow everywhere. Most of the time the weather is cloudy
with overcast grey skies. October and November have the least sunshine.
In winter warm days with temperatures above zero are not rare. The snow melts, it
quickly turns into brown slush with all the people walking on it. But it lasts for some
days not more and then the weather changes for better, it becomes frosty with
occasional blizzards. Such a weather makes people drive very carefully on icy roads
and can paralyze a whole city in less than an hour and close roads completely. Winter
must be winter after all.
On the 2nd of December the Polar night starts which lasts 40 days. The skies are
dark the whole day long with a short interval of weak grey twilight. It is the best time
to watch the northern lights. In the middle of January the sun rises above the horizon.
And in March there is a lot of sunshine. It is the sunniest month of all. But the
temperature is still below zero and it is the best time for outdoors sports, especially
skiing.

2. Answer the questions on the text.

1. What climate is there in Murmansk?

2. What does the word maritime mean?
3. Is winter the longest season?
4. What are temperatures in winter?
5. What is the average temperature?
6. Is there much snow every year?
7. Are there any warm days in winter? Is it common?
8. Is the weather changeable?
9. What phenomenon makes climate in Murmansk different from that in other
regions of Russia?
10.In what period is there the most sunshine?

3. If you like winter in Murmansk what arguments you can give in favour of
it. If you don’t like winter, give your reasons. Discuss it with your study
partner.

4. Describe summer in Murmansk.

  A typical weather in summer.
 A spell of a really fine weather.

The phrases and expressions below may help you.

the months of the longest daylight the driest month

the wettest month to have the most sunshine
it is cool, humid, wet skies (blue, cloudless)
it drizzles (rains, snows) temperature rises
for many days at a time it is boiling
temperatures range to swim in the lakes, rivers
skies (overcast, grey, cloudy) to go boating, fishing
changeable to get sunburnt
windy beautiful nature
foggy go to the country (forest)

5. Read the dialogue and tell what Nick’s favourite season is and why Peter
doesn’t like summer.
Tastes differ

Peter: What is the weather like today?

Nick : Oh, it’s almost the same as it was yesterday.
Peter: Do you mean it’s as changeable as it was before?
Nick : It’s typical weather for spring: cloudy in the morning, sunny in the
afternoon and rainy in the evening. As for me I don’t like spring.
Peter: And which season do you like best?
Nick : You see, it’s difficult to say. Every season is good in its own way. But I
think I like summer best.
Peter: Yes, a lot of people are fond of summer. Why do you like it?
Nick : First of all I have my holidays in summer. Two or three months without
lessons, without having to get up early in the morning – that’s really
great! And besides, the weather keeps fine for many days at a time.
There is much sunshine.
Peter: In my opinion, it’s boiling in summer, especially in July and August. I
can’t stand when it is too hot. It’s hard to breathe and I’m simply
melting.
Nick : As for me, I always leave the city for some nice place where I can go in
for swimming and diving and where I can spend much time outdoors.
Peter: Oh, I see. But I like early autumn. The nature is so beautiful and quiet.
The leaves turn yellow, brown and gold. It is neither cold nor very hot.
I’m fond of walking about the forest and picking mushrooms and
berries.
Nick : Tastes differ.
 6. Discuss with your study partner your likes and dislikes concerning seasons
and weather.

7. In groups. Express your opinions and participate in the discussion while

answering the following questions.

1. Do you like the weather in the Murmansk region?

2. When is the best weather in our region?
3. What’s your favourite place for weather?
4. What’s the worst weather you’ve ever experienced?

UNIT 3. WHAT’S HAPPENING ON BOARD?

LESSON 1

Причастие настоящего времени

(Participle I)

Причастие настоящего времени (Participle I) образуется от инфинитива

глагола, к которому прибавляется окончание –ing:

talk  ing  talking

Если глагол оканчивается на непроизносимую букву –е, то при

прибавлении окончания –ing эта буква опускается:

take + ing = giving

Если глагол оканчивается на согласную, перед которой стоит одна гласная,

то конечная гласная удваивается:

cut + ing = cutting

Если глагол оканчивается на букву –у, то при добавлении окончания –ing

эта буква сохраняется:

study + ing = studying

В предложении Participle I выполняет следующие функции:

1. Определения:

The approaching ship is a passenger Приближающееся судно –

liner. пассажирский лайнер.
The ship approaching the port is a Судно, приближающееся к порту –
passenger liner пассажирский лайнер.

2. Обстоятельства:
 времени:

(When) approaching the port the ship Приближаясь к порту, судно

orders a tug. заказывает буксир.

 причины:

Wishing to know English well he studies Он усердно занимается, так как хочет
hard. хорошо знать английский.

 образа действия:

The marine engineer repairs the Механик ремонтирует оборудование,

machinery reading the manual. читая инструкцию.

1. Read the sentences and translate them into Russian.

1. The ship entering the port is a tanker.

2. The man steering the ship is experienced AB.
3. Working on deck the cadets learn how to use the tackle.
4. They maintain the machinery properly cleaning and lubricating it when it
is necessary.
5. He wants to be a good specialist that is why he spends much time reading
a lot of technical literature.
6. Repairing the pump he always consults the manual.
7. The smiling girl is my sister.
8. Being an experienced seaman he always helps to navigate the ship.
9. The man overhauling the engine is the ship’s second engineer.
10. Wishing to take the exam in mathematics he works hard solving difficult
tasks.

2. Make up Participle I adding –ing to the given verbs.

Check, go, board, clean, load, carry, test, know, enjoy, walk, smoke, buy, visit,
lubricate, replace, plot, hold, take, stay, explore, fit, place, paint, sweep, prepare.

Настоящее длительное время

(The Present Continuous Tense)
 Present Continuous образуется с помощью вспомогательного глагола to be
в соответствующем лице и числе и Participle I смыслового глагола:

to be + Participle I
утвердительная форма отрицательная форма
I am working I am not working
you are working you are not working
he (she, it) is working he (she, it) is not working
we are working we are not working
you are working you are not working
they are working they are not working
вопросительная форма краткие ответы
am I working Yes, I am. (No, I am not)
are you working Yes, you are. (No, you aren’t.)
is he (she, it) working Yes, he (she, it) is. (No, he (she, it) isn’t.)
are we working Yes, we are. (No, we aren’t.)
are you working Yes, you are. (No, you aren’t.)
are they working Yes, they are. (No, they aren’t.)

The Present Continuous Tense употребляется для выражения:

1. действия, совершающегося в момент речи:

He is translating the text now (at the Он переводит сейчас текст.

moment)
- What are you doing, Mark? - Что ты делаешь, Марк?
- I’m repairing my bike. - Я ремонтирую свой велосипед.

2. действия, совершающегося в настоящий период времени:

Now they are resting somewhere in the Сейчас они отдыхают где-то на юге.
south.

3. запланированного будущего действия:

We are taking the English exam on Мы сдаем экзамен по английскому

Friday. языку в пятницу.

Present Continuous не употребляется со следующими глаголами:

Be, have, like, love, hate, want, know, understand, forget, agree, prefer

3. Match the phrases with the pictures.

is reading a manual is painting the is steering the is boarding the
wall vessel vessel
is cleaning the is writing a letter is checking the is carrying a pot
cabin charts
is repairing the is sweeping the is testing the alarms is loading the
radio deck cargo

4. Complete the sentences using Present Continuous.

Example: The steward ……… the flow. (clean)

The steward is cleaning the floor.
1. The Master..............................with the superintendent. (talk)
2. The Radio Officer.........................to the radio. (listen)
3. The ship..............................Into Hong Kong harbour. (sail)
4. The cadets..................................the vessel. (board)
5. We.......................................ashore. (go)
6. They.....................................for the Chief Mate's instructions. (wait)
7. The ratings.............................the deck crane. (repair)
8. The engineer.............................the radar. (test)
9. The engineers..............................the engine room. (check)
nd
10. The 2 Officer...............................the route on chart. (plot)
11.The Chief Engineer..............................the auxiliary engine. (repair)

5. Choose the correct verb tense.

1. The Chief Mate (watches / is watching) the radar at the moment.

2. The Cook always (goes / is going) ashore for supplies.
3. The engineers usually (meet / are meeting) in the office on Fridays.
4. The 2nd Officer (steers / is steering) the vessel at the moment.
5. The steward (cleans / is cleaning) the officers' cabins right now.
6. The Chief Cook (prepares / is preparing) chicken for tonight's dinner.
7. The Surveyor (smokes / is smoking) a packet of cigarettes every day.
8. We (listen / are listening) to the radio every night at 7 O'clock.
9. When you (hear / are hearing) the alarm, go to your muster station.
10. Look out! The cargo (falls/ is falling)!
11.Listen! The alarm (sounds / is sounding).
12.The 2nd Engineer usually (repairs / is repairing) the main engine.

6. Answer the questions. Use the Present Continuous or the Present Simple.

1. What are you doing?

2. What does the Helmsman do?
3. Are you working at the moment?
4. What is your job?
5. Is the vessel moving?
6. Does your vessel operate in the Atlantic?
7. What cargo is the ship carrying?
8. What cargo does the ship usually carry?
9. Are you smoking?
10.Do you smoke?
11. Is the 3d Officer taking bearings at the moment?
12.What do the navigators do when on watch?

7. Complete the dialogues by choosing a phrase from the box and putting the
verb in brackets into the Present Continuous.
 a) Yes, of course. I (not / plot) the route.
b) It's OK. The Cook (prepare) it for you.
c) Yes, he is. He (check) the immersion suits.
d) No, they aren't. They (lubricate) the pumps in the engine room.
e) But I (not / repair) it. It's in good serviceable condition.
f) That' good. It (not / operate) properly.
g) But you (not / use) them.
h) No, they aren't. They (work) on deck.
i) Yes, he is friendly. He (give) instructions to navigators now.
j) Sure. I (finish) my work just now.
k) For the main one. He (overhaul) it right now.
1) No, he isn't. He (not / work) at the moment.

1. A: Is the Chief Engineer busy?

B: ..............................................................
2. A: The Abs are cleaning the holds.
B: ...............................................................
3. A: We can help you to repair this equipment.
B: .................................................................
3. A: He wants to overhaul the pump.
B: .................................................................
5. A: Is your new Chief Mate OK?
B: .................................................................
6. A: I would like to have fish for dinner.
B: .................................................................
7. A: Can I have this chart now?
B: ...................................................................
8. A: No, you mustn't take this box. There are necessary instruments there.
B: ...................................................................
9. A: Is the 2nd Officer responsible for the main or auxiliary engine?
B: ..................................................................
10.A: Is the bosun in the storeroom?
B: ..................................................................
1 I .A: Can you help me to take bearings?
B: ..................................................................
12. A: The pumpmen are speaking on deck.
B: ..................................................................

LESSON 2
1. Look at the pictures of Ex. 3 (lesson 3). Listen to the recording. The Chief
Officer is talking to the Bosun. What activities do they talk about? Tick
the activities you hear in Exercise1.

2. Look at the picture.

a) ask your study partner questions about the seamen’s activities on deck.
b) practise a dialogue “What’s happening on deck”. Let your study
partner act as a Chief Officer and you as a bosun.

3. Look at a new picture. Are all seamen at work now? Is the work on deck
well organized?
 4. Make up a dialogue between the Captain and the Chief Officer. The
Captain is interested what is happening:

 On the bridge.
The following words and expressions may help you

for the Captain for the Chief Officer

To be on watch To take over
To plot the route on charts (take bearings) Experienced (inexperienced)seaman
To steer the ship

 In the engine room.

for the Captain for the Chief Officer

As far as I know To check the equipment
To be in order (out of order) To repair the faulty machinery
To read manual
Must help

 In the radio room.

for the Captain for the Chief Officer

To be busy with To maintain communication
To be under repair To take messages from the nearest port
To be responsible of To receive weather reports

 On deck.

LESSON 3

1. Look out of the window and answer the questions about today’s weather.

a) What season is it at present?

b) Is the weather fine (nasty)?
c) Is it freezing or warm?
d) Is there much sunshine today?
e) Is the sky cloudy and overcast?
f) Is the sun shining brightly?
g) Is it snowing (raining)?
h) Is the snow melting and turning into slush?
i) Is the wind blowing?
j) Do you like today’s weather?

2. Describe today’s weather.

To be going (to do)

To be going to + инфинитив употребляется для выражения намерения

совершить действие в будущем и переводится на русский язык глаголами
«намереваться», «собираться (что-то делать)»

Утвердительная форма
I am going to stay in Moscow up to the Я собираюсь остаться в Москве до 1-го
st
1 of September. сентября.

Вопросительная форма
Are you going to visit this sailing ship Ты собираешься посетить этот
on Sunday. парусник в воскресенье?

Отрицательная форма
He isn’t going to put to sea in a month. Он не собирается в море через месяц.

3. What is the weather going to be like tomorrow? Make up the weather

forecast for tomorrow.
4. Look at the picture. Marcus, an engineer, is thinking about his next
voyage. Answer the questions.

1. Where is Marcus going to go?

2. When is he going to leave?
3. How is he going to travel?
4. What is he going to take?

5. Listen to the recording. Marcus is going to go to sea. He is talking to his

friend, Peter, about his plans. Is anyone going to help him?

6. Listen to the recording again. Marcus is making a list of all things to do

before his voyage. Write what each person is going to do.

1. Laura is going to ……… .

2. The office manager is going to ……… .
3. The children are going to ……… .
4. Tom is going to ……… .
5. Marcus is going to ……… .

7. Imagine that you are going to sea. What are you going to do before you
leave? Begin your sentences with I’m going to.

8. Imagine that you are preparing for your next voyage. You meet your
friend, Mark, in a café. Answer Mark’s questions and complete the
dialogue.

Mark: Hi! How are you?

You: ……………………………………..
 Mark: Fine. When are you going to go to see?
You: ..……………………………………..
Mark: You don’t have much time, do you?
You: ……………………………………...
Mark: Where are you going to go?
You: ………………………………………
Mark: How long are you going to be away?
You: ………………………………………
Mark: Are you going to take a lot with you?
You: ………………………………………
Mark: When are you going to come back?
You: ……………………………………..
Mark: Okay. Until then. Have a safe voyage!
You: ………………………………………
Mark: Bye!

UNIT 4. EMERGENCY!

LESSON 1

abandon q'bxndqn покинуть

accident ['xksident] несчастный случай
attempt [q'tempt] попытка, пытаться
cargo hold ['kRgou 'hould] грузовой трюм
collision [kq'liZn] столкновение
casualty (victim) ['kxZjuqlti 'viktim] пострадавший
emergency party [i'mWdZqnsi] аварийная партия
enter ['entq] входить
evacuate [i'vxkjueit] эвакуировать
extinguish [iks'tiNgwiS] тушить
fire ['fQiq] огонь
flood (flooding) [flAd] затопить, (затопление)
grab [grxb] хватать
grounding ['graundiN] посадка на мель
immediately [i'midiqtli] немедленно
inform [in'fLm] информировать
leak [lJk] течь, утечка, протекать
life boat station шлюпочный пост
lower ['louq] спускать
man overboard человек за бортом
oil spill [Oil spil] разлив топлива
proceed [prq'sJd] проследовать
put on надеть
put out тушить
release [re'lJs] освобождать (зд.
бросать)
smoke [smouk] дым, курить
sound [saund] звучать
spread [spred] распространяться
standby [stxndbai] режим ожидания
watch out! осторожно!

1. Match the words with the pictures. Remember the emergency situations.

It’s very important that everyone understands commands in an

 emergency. Commands are usually very short. When we give
commands we use the verb in the infinitive form (without to). We do
not use I, you ,he, she…

Example : Sound the alarms!

Don’t open the door!

2. Look at the verbs. Complete the sentences. Choose a verb for each
command.

get call lower smoke

enter close proceed stop

1. Fire in the kitchen! Get a fire extinguisher!

2. They are loading the fuel. Don’t ………… on deck!
3. Man overboard! ………… the life boat!
4. Emergency! ………… to your muster stations immediately!
5. Flooding in the engine room! ………… the Master!
6. The oil is leaking! ………… the pumps!
7. Fire in the cabins! ………… all fire doors!
8. The air is toxic! Don’t ………… that area!

3. Listen to the recording. Repeat the commands.

4. Read the commands. Choose the commands that are suitable in the
following situations. Look at pictures of emergency situations (Ex. 1).

 Sound the alarms immediately!

 Inform the bridge!
 Put out the fire!
 Don’t smoke!
 Watch out!
 Lower the life boats!
 Do not attempt to extinguish the fire!
 Release the life buoy!
 Prepare to abandon the ship!
 Go to your emergency stations!
 Grab the life buoy!
 Proceed to your muster stations immediately!
 Man overboard!
 Get the fire extinguisher!
 Call the Captain!
 Put on your life jacket!
  Get into (take to) rescue boat now!
 Bring the First Aid Box!
 Render the first aid!
 Call the doctor!
 Don’t enter the space!
 Help the casualty!
 Switch off electricity!
 Put the engine on standby!

Remember: this - these

that - those

5. Look at the pictures. Complete the commands. Use this, that, these, those.
6. Complete the commands using a suitable verb. Choose this or these.

1. …………… life buoy.

2. …………… alarms.
3. …………… face mask.
4. …………… immersion suits.
5. …………… life jackets.
6. …………… First Aid Box.
7. …………… alarm.
8. …………… operational manual.
9. …………… pumps.
10.…………… room.

7. Complete the commands using a suitable verb. Choose that or those.

1. …………… muster station.

2. …………… telephone.
3. …………… cargo holds.
4. …………… extinguishers.
5. …………… safety manual.
6. …………… fire doors.
7. …………… fire hose.
8. …………… life raft.
9. …………… spaces.
10.…………… rescue boats.

8. Listen to the CD. There is an emergency on board. What is it?

9. Now read these commands. Only some of them are in the dialogue. Listen
to the dialogue again. What commands do you hear?

 Prepare to abandon the ship!

 Watch out!
 Release the life buoy!
 Go to your emergency stations!
 Proceed to your muster stations immediately!
 Man overboard!
 Lower the life boats!
 Sound the alarms immediately!
 Do not attempt to extinguish the fire!
 Put out the fire!
 Call the Captain!
 Get the fire extinguisher!

LESSON 2

1. Tell what your actions are if you hear somebody shouting “Fire in the
engine room!” and you are:

1. in the engine room;

2. in your cabin;
3. a member of the emergency party.

2. Look at the pictures. They show an enclosed space rescue. What must you
do? Talk about each picture.
3. Read the text from a safety manual. Check your answers from Exercise 1.
apply [q'plai] использовать, применять
monitor ['mOnitq] контролировать
resuscitation [ri"sAsi'teiSqn] реанимация, ~ционный

4. Read the text. Complete the sentences with one of the verbs from the box.

give proceed sound leave

take to lower get report
monitor put on call use
put out attempt evacuate abandon

Fire onboard!

Different emergencies may happen on board a ship. The most dangerous is

fire on board. If fire happens, first of all, it's necessary to ……… the bridge, to
……… to the Master and to the Chief Engineer if fire is in the engine-room. It is
also important to ……… the alarms immediately. If the fire is small the person who
discovers the fire must ……… fire extinguisher and ……… to put out the fire. But
if the fire is big it is necessary to ……… the fire place immediately.
 It is the duty of the emergency party to …… it ……. The members of the
emergency party (fire-fighting party) must ……… to the scene (зд. очаг) of fire
with the necessary fire-fighting equipment. If there is much smoke the people must
……… their breathing apparatuses. If they discover any casualties they must ………
them. If the casualty isn’t breathing they must ……… resuscitation equipment and
……… his breathing before the doctor arrives.
When the fire is spreading quickly and the people cannot put it out, the Master
may ……… the order to ……… the ship. In this case it is necessary to ……… the
rescue boats or life rafts, put on life jackets and ……… life saving facilities.

5. Answer the questions on the text.

1. What is the most dangerous emergency on board the ship?

2. What must you do first if you discover the fire?
3. Under what conditions is it necessary to leave the scene of fire
immediately?
4. Whose duty is to tackle (бороться) the emergency?
5. What are their actions in case of fire?
6. How do they rescue the casualties?
7. In what case may the Master give a signal to abandon the ship?

6. Read the dialogue. What A.B.’s actions are incorrect?

A. You are an able-bodied seamen, aren’t you?

B. Yes, I am.
A. What must you do when you hear a fire alarm signal?
B. I must proceed to my muster station according to my muster list. Then I
must do everything I can to put out the fire.
A. How can you put it out?
B. It depends. Sometimes we use fire hoses or extinguishers.
A. Do you use sea water to extinguish the fire?
B. Not always. Sometimes we use carbon dioxide to put out the fire.
A. Why don’t you use sea water in all cases?
B. Because sometimes the fuel oil burns.
A. Oh, I see.

muster list ['mAstq list] расписание по тревогам

It depends [di'pend] как когда, в разных случаях по-
разному
carbon dioxide ['kRbqn dai'OksQid] двуокись углерода
burn [bWn] гореть

7. Who is responsible for doing the definite actions if the man falls
overboard?
  To sound the alarm;
 To release the life buoy;
 To grab the life buoy;
 To stop the engine;
 To put the engine on standby;
 To rescue a casualty;
 To lower the life boat;
 To put on life jackets (immersion suits);
 To pull a casualty out of water;
 To render the first aid.

8. Read the text and check if you are right with your answers.

Man overboard!

If there is a man overboard the people on deck must release a life buoy and at
the same time it is necessary to inform the bridge. The man in the sea must try to
grab the life buoy and keep afloat. The Master gives the command to stop the engine
and to put the engine on standby. The emergency party must put on the life jackets
or immersion suits and lower a life boat to rescue the man in distress.

9. Read the text. What can such emergencies as grounding and collision
cause? Why are they so dangerous?

Grounding and collision are other very bad emergencies. They can cause either
leak in the ship's hull or flooding of the holds and other ship's spaces. The ship
may get the list and even capsize and sink. The ship's crew must always be ready
to fight any emergency or accident correctly. The chief officers must instruct the
crew members properly as to what to do in case of emergency and how to help the
casualties, if any (если такие есть).

10.Pair work. Make up a dialogue according to the situation: “The Chief

Officer checks the knowledge of the novice-seaman concerning his actions
in case of different emergencies”.

UNIT 5. PAST VOYAGES

LESSON 1

Past Indefinite.
 Правильные глаголы образуют формы в Past Indefinite путём прибавления
к инфинитиву (без частицы to) суффикса –ed (-d) для всех лиц единственного и
множественного числа. Например:
To ask (спрашивать) – asked [t]
To play (играть) – played [d]
To translate (переводить) – translated [id]
To carry (нести, везти) – carried [d]
Неправильные глаголы образуют формы в Past Indefinite различными способами.
Например:
To go (ходить) – went To take (брать) – took
To write (писать) – wrote To come (приходить) – came
To give (давать) - gave To see (видеть) - saw

Past Indefinite употребляется:

а) для выражения ряда последовательных действий в прошлом:

He stood up, came up to the window Он встал, подошёл к окну и увидел

and saw an endless stream of cars бесконечный поток машин, едущих по
running along the street. улице.

б) когда действие соотносится с обстоятельственными словами, точно

обозначающими прошедшее время (к ним относятся наречия ago (тому назад),
yesterday (вчера), last month/year/week (в прошлом месяце/в прошлом году/на
прошлой неделе), the day before yesterday (позавчера), in 1940 (в 1940 году),
long ago (давным давно), the other day (на днях).

My friends came to see me yesterday. Мои друзья приходили ко мне вчера.

We visited London last year. Мы посетили Лондон в прошлом году.

в) когда интересуются временем совершения действия в прошлом, т.е. в

вопросительном предложении, начинающимся с when, what time:

When did you see her last? Когда вы видели её в последний раз?
What time did you arrive home? Когда вы добрались домой?
Вопросительная форма образуется с помощью did и первой формы
смыслового глагола.

Did the temperature fall down Температура понизилась вчера?

yesterday?

Специальные вопросы строятся с помощью вопросительных слов where, when,

why, how often, whose, what, вспомогательного глагола did и первой формы
смыслового глагола. Исключение составляют вопросы к подлежащему,
начинающиеся с вопросительных слов who/what, которые задаются без
вспомогательного глагола добавлением окончания –ed к смысловому глаголу
или с помощью второй формы (для неправильных глаголов).

Where the weather

When did change last week?
Why the wind fall
down
How often

Who/What to the South last

went summer?

Отрицательная форма образуется с помощью вспомогательного глагола did с

частицей not и первой формы смыслового глагола.

The weather did not change last week. Погода не изменилась на прошлой
неделе.

Глагол to be
Present Past
am ( I ) was (ед. ч.)
is ( he, she, it )
are ( we, you, they ) were (мн. ч.)

1. Write the Past Simple forms of these regular verbs.

check repair board

talk clean load
look steer start
dock carry paint
like occur hate

2. Listen to the recording. Repeat the Past Simple forms.

3. Look at the map. It shows the area of operation of the MV Karrier on a

voyage last year.

4. Read the report of the MV Karrier’s voyage. Complete the sentences.

Choose the correct verb and write the Past Simple form.

load repair arrive unload

damage load continue stop
sail carry

MV KARRIER VOYAGE REPORT

Last September the MV Karrier ………… from Japan to the Philippines. It …………
three times: at Shanghai, Chi-lung and Manila. The vessel ………… ballast from
Nagasaki to Shanghai. At Shanghai the crew ………… 10,000 tonnes of rice. On 18
September a tropical storm ………… part of the ship so a fitter ………… the life
raft at Chi-lung. The ship ………… 286 containers of electrical goods and 400 cars.
The vessel ………… to Manila and ………… at 1200 on 22 September. In Manila
the ship ………… 6000 tonnes of rice and 286 containers of electrical goods.

fitter ['fitq] слесарь - сборщик

goods [gudz] товары, груз, изделия

5. Make up different questions to each sentence of the text.

6. Look at the map. It shows the area of operation of the MV Karrier on a

voyage last year. Answer the questions about the MV Karrier’s route.
Memorize the new words used in the questions.
 1. What was the MV Karrier bound for? (направляться)
2. What was the port of departure?
3. Did the ship sail across the East China Sea to get to Shanghai?
4. In what direction did they sail?
5. What was the second port of call? (заход)
6. Did they sail to the south or to the north to get there?
7. The ship left Chi-lung and where did it head for? (направляться)
8. Did they proceed (продолжать) sailing southward(s)?
9. When did they arrive in Manila?

7. Pair work. Explain to your study partner the purpose of the MV Karrier’s
arriving to different ports.

 Shanghai
 Chi-lung
 Manila

8. Describe the voyage which the MV Karrier made last year.

LESSON 2

1. Match the infinitive forms and the Past Simple forms of the irregular
verbs. Learn these forms by heart. Use a dictionary to check the meaning
of each verb.
 Infinitive Past Simple Infinitive Past Simple
catch lost give held
hit went see put
go wrote take gave
lose did get was
have hit break got
do had be bust
come came put broke
write spoke burst saw
speak caught hold took

2. Look at the verbs. Complete the sentences with the correct verb. Fill in the
blanks with the verb in the Past Simple.

Be, burst, hit, lose, have, hold, take, catch, ship.

 There ………… an incident at sea last month.

 A hose ………… and some oil leaked on deck.
 The A.B. ………… the helm while I checked the charts.
 The ratings ………… the pirates, who tried to steal things on board
the vessel.
 A bad storm ………… us in the South Atlantic.
 Because of the weather, we ………… a lot of the cargo.
 We ………… over 5000 cars from Germany to Turkey.
 The ship ………… to stop in this port for repairs.
 We ………… the bandits on board the vessel until the Coastguard
arrived.

3. Listen to the CD. Three seafarers are describing their voyages. Copy the
chart into your copy books and complete it.

An Incident at sea

name of vessel type of vessel route cargo incident

MV Fulmar oil tanker crude oil

Wave

MV Milimar Suez Canal pirates on

board

MV Gold Star refrigerator fruit

vessel
4. Read the sentences. Then listen to the recording again. Which of the
sentences are true and which of them are false?

1. The Fulmar Wave sailed between Europe and South America.

2. In the US the Fulmar Wave unloaded crude oil.
3. There was damage to the pump and a great quantity of oil leaked onto
the deck.
4. The A.B. on the Milimar checked the charts.
5. The Milimar carried over 50,000 cars from Italy to Dubai.
6. The Coastguard arrived and caught the pirates.
7. The Gold Star sailed in the South Pacific.
8. The Gold Star had a full cargo of bananas and cotton.
9. Everything was fine until about three days into the trip.
10.We lost a lot of the fruit because of the leakage in the hull.

5. Read the text. Consult the dictionary if it is necessary.

Last year I had a travel along the coast of Argentina on the MV Ocean Nova.
We left Ushuaia and sailed northwards. I enjoyed this route and everything was
fine until about six days into the trip. A bad storm suddenly hit us and the Master
was unable to control the ship’s movement. The ship ran aground when the wind
was strong and pushed (drove) the ship into the rocky coast.
Fortunately the Clipper Advanture was on its way returning to Ushuaia, and it
rendered us the aid, safely evacuating all the passengers.
The rescue tugs re-floated the Ocean Nova the same afternoon. They returned
the ship to Ushuaia, southern city, where we had started the 15-day voyage. There
the specialists were going to inspect the ship looking for damage.

6. Answer the questions on the text.

1. When and where did the man have a travel?

2. Did he like the route?
3. What happened 6 days later?
4. Who rendered them the aid?
5. What occurred to the ship after the accident?

7. Pair work. Your friend tells you about accident during his last voyage.
Verify the details making up the dialogue.

LESSON 3
 LABORATORY WORK 1

REVISION

I. Present Simple: positive and negative sentences, all types of questions

1. Complete each sentence with the correct form of the verb in brackets.
1. The chief engineer (not / keep) watch in the engine room.
2. I always (drink) tea because I (not / like) coffee.
3. We usually (attend) every consultation in Mathematics.
4. My friend (not / live) in Murmansk. He (come) from Severomorsk.
5. The second officer always (plot) the route on charts when on watch.
6. The motormen (clean and lubricate) all machinery.
7. The Chief Mate (replace) the Master when he is away from the ship.
8. They (not / overhaul) the machinery every day.
9. The bosun (not / keep) watch on the bridge.
10.The radio operator (maintain) communication systems in order.

2. Complete the questions choosing between do and does.

1. What the cadets (do) after the classes?
2. How many lessons you (have) a day?
3. What kind of TV programs your father (like) to watch?
4. When the fourth engineer (start) his watch?
5. Why the cadets (not / come) to the University on Sundays?
6. When the navigators (correct) the charts for the coming voyage?
7. How often you (attend) consultation hours in English?
8. Where the bosun (keep) clean-up equipment?
9. When the crew members (go) to their muster stations?
10. Why many cadets (take) notes at the lectures?
3. Complete the questions using the correct form of the verb in brackets. Use do
or does where it is necessary.
1. Who (keep) the holds in good condition?
2. Where the third engineer (repair) usually the auxiliary engine?
3. How navigators (take) bearings?
4. Who regularly (overhaul) the machinery?
5. Who (plot) the ship's course?
6. What motormen (lubricate) regularly?
7. How long the engine-room watch (last)?
8. Who (replace) the Master when he is away from the ship?
9. What equipment (help) to determine the ship's position?
10.What time you (come) to the University in the morning?

4. Make up a question using a correct question-word for the words in italics.

1. The Chief Engineer doesn't keep watch in the engine room.
2. The cadets always eat breakfast at 8.30.
3. He never misses lessons in Mathematics.
4. The 4-th engineer keeps watch from 08.00 till 12.00.
5. During the watch a navigator takes bearings of lighthouses and other ships.
6. Our vessel carries different cargoes.
7. After unloading cargo the sailors usually clean the cargo holds.
8. He doesn't walk to the University because it is a long way from his home.
9. A marine engineer takes and hands over the watch twice a day.
10. This pump works badly because it is out of order.

5. Ask questions to the words in italics using the question-word who, also do or
does where necessary.
1. During the classes the cadets listen to their teacher.
2. They often speak about interesting films.
3. His mother always waits for him in the evenings.
4. Our English teacher usually speaks English to us at the lessons.
5. The Chief Engineer reports to the Master about any serious trouble in the engine
room.
6. In the morning my father listens to the news on the radio.
7. When a ship is in danger the Master reports his ship's position to the rescue center.
8. People usually call for a doctor if they need medical help.
9. These cadets often make mistakes in English grammar.
10. His friend sails on a modern cargo ship.

6. Make the sentences interrogative.

1. The cadets line up every morning for the inspection.
2. The pumpmen regularly maintain and overhaul the ship's pumps.
3. This engineer knows how to repair the ship's machinery.
4. My friend seldom misses the classes of English.
5. Our engine works well because the engineers maintain it properly.
6. That pump starts and stops automatically.
7. Those seamen keep watch at the wheel.
8. The bosun gives instructions to the ratings on duty in the messroom.
9. The Chief Officer prepares charts for every voyage.
10. Her parents like watching TV in evenings.

7. Make the sentences negative.

1. The bosun keeps all life jackets in his cabin.
2. I have many friends in this port.
3. The Chief Officer gives instructions to the engine-room crew.
4. We write grammar tests every week.
5. The cadets come to the University on Sundays.
6. These sailors cook meals for the ship's crew.
7. My friend attends English classes in the evenings.
8. The motormen keep watches on the navigation bridge.
9. That sailor lives in his cabin alone.
10. This satellite equipment operates properly.

8. Put the words in a correct order to make a sentence.

1. sometimes / play / I / after / classes / chess
2. always / line up / we / for / inspection / after / the / afternoon / dinner
3. the third engineer / every watch / overhauls / engines / auxiliary
4. the / replaces / Chief Engineer / never / the / Captain
5. the / do / pumpmen / not / repair / machinery / the / often
6. bosun / never / the / repairs / the / in / engine / machinery / the / room
7. I / watching / action / like / films / don't / comedies / prefer / but / I
8. likes / music / and / he / classical / concerts / sometimes / he / to / goes
9. my / at / friend / six / gets / always / up / a.m.
10. the / keeps / in / the / second / serviceable / engine / condition / main / engineer /
9. Make up questions with How much..?, How many..?, How long..?. Don't forget
to use do or does where necessary.
1. lessons / you / have / every day
2. cadets / attend / consultations in English
3. this cadet / spend / time / on his homework
4. cargo / this ship / in her holds / carry
5. your consultation / last / in Physics
6. times a week / each / keep watch / cadet
7. a marine engineer's watch / in the engine-room / continue
8. you / after the classes / stay / in the University
9. sailors / live / in one cabin / on this ship
10. hours / the cadets / at the University / stay / every day

10. Translate the sentences from Russian into English using Present Simple.
1. После занятий я обычно посещаю консультации.
2. На занятиях курсанты слушают преподавателя и делают записи.
3. Этот курсант знает английский хорошо.
4. Судомеханики несут вахту в машинном отделении. Их вахта длится четыре
часа.
5. Занятия начинаются в 9 утра и заканчиваются в 14.15 дня.
6. Мы не приходим в университет в воскресенье. Это – наш выходной день.
7. Старший механик не несет вахту. Он отвечает за работу всего машинного
отделения.
8. Во время вахты судоводители определяют место судна, берут пеленги.
9. Боцман не отдает приказов механикам и судоводителям.
10. Второй механик заменяет старшего механика, когда его нет на судне, но он
не заменяет старшего помощника.

11. Translate the question into English choosing between do and does.
1. Вы живете в общежитии или дома?
2. Иностранные суда часто приходят в ваш порт?
3. Это судно перевозит много груза?
4. Все курсанты посещают консультации по английскому языку?
5. Его отец ходит в море или работает на берегу?
6. Боцман несет вахты в машинном отделении?
7. Старший механик инструктирует вахтенного механика перед вахтой?
8. Вахтенный механик делает какие-либо записи в журнале машинного
отделения?
9. Курсанты убирают жилые помещения утром или вечером?
10. Члены экипажа обедают в кают-компании или в своих каютах?

12. Translate using the necessary question-word and do or does.

1. Когда ты возвращаешься домой из университета?
2. Сколько занятий у вас в четверг?
3. Где боцман хранит уборочный инвентарь?
4. Когда моряки используют спасательные жилеты?
5. Почему этот курсант не знает многих английских слов?
6. Какие сообщения получают и передают радиооператоры?
7. Как работает этот топливный насос?
8. Как часто мотористы смазывают эти механизмы?
9. Сколько тонн груза перевозит ваше судно в своих трюмах?
10. Сколько топлива принимает этот танкер в свои танки?

13. Translate into English using the question-words who, who (m), whose and do,
does, if necessary.
1. Кто выполняет обязанности капитана, когда его нет на судне?
2. Кто посещает консультации по математике?
3. Чьи консультации ты посещаешь регулярно?
4. Кого старший механик инструктирует перед вахтой?
5. Кому боцман приказывает подготовить трюмы к погрузке?
6. Кто поддерживает машины и механизмы в хорошем рабочем состоянии?
7. Чьи суда заходят в порт Санкт-Петербурга?
8. Кто иногда не посещает занятия?
9. Чья помощь ему нужна (need)?
10. Кому он обычно помогает по математике?

14. Complete the texts using the correct form of the verb in the brackets.
1. I (to want) to tell you about my friend's father and his ship. He (to work) as a
chief mate on board a fishing ship. His ship (to sail) to the Barents Sea. She (not to
go) to far off seas because she (to be) a small vessel. The fishermen (to catch) fish
and (to store) it in the ship's holds. The ship (to have) two holds for fish cargo. When
the holds (to be) full of fish the vessel (to take) course for
a port. They usually (to bring) fish to their home port. But sometimes, in case of
emergency, the ship (to call) at the nearest port.
 2. My friend (to be) a young seaman. He (to sail) as a motorman on board a big
cargo vessel, which (to carry) different types of cargo. The crew of the ship (to
include) many experienced seamen. My friend (to work) in the engine room. He (not
to keep) watch on the bridge because only navigators (to keep) watch there. They (to
take) bearings and (to keep) the ship's course. As to my friend he (to lubricate) and
(to repair) the machinery, but he (not to overhaul) the main engine. He (not to have)
experience enough to do such job.
3. I (to study) at the Marine Engineering faculty. I (to want) to be a marine
engineer and to go the sea. I (to like) the sea. I (to live) at home and (to come) to the
University every morning. Some cadets (not to come) to the University every
morning because they (not to live) at home. They (to live) in the living quarters at the
University. I (not to take) any transport to get to the University because my home
(not to be) far from it. The cadets (not to miss) any classes, because they (to want) to
get as much knowledge as they can. So, they (to attend) both lessons and
consultations. My friend (to try) to study very hard, but he (to have) difficulties with
Mathematics. So I (to help) him with Maths and he (to help) me with my English.
4. Andrey (to like) to meet with his friends and they often (to come) to his place
and (to have) a good time together. He (to be) always glad to see them. His friends
(not to come) very early because all of them (to be) very busy in the day time. So, the
friends usually (to meet) rather late in the evening. They (to talk) much about
different things. Andrew usually (to tell) his friends about some new computer
program. One of his friends (to enjoy) speaking about some detective story because
he (to be) fond of reading them. His other friend (to go) in for sports. That's why they
often (to discuss) sports news. Sometimes the three friends (to listen) to music. But
they (not to switch on) music very loudly, because Andrew's younger brother (to go)
to bed early. So, they (not to want) to disturb him.

II. Modal verbs: must, may, can, needn't

1. Open the brackets replacing the Russian verbs with the English modal
verbs must/mustn't, may/may not, can/can't, needn't.
1. The cadets (должны) attend all practical classes.
2. Some cadets in our group (могут) speak English quite well.
3. I (не умею) drive a car. I (должен) learn to drive it.
4. We (можно) come to the University a little later on Saturday.
5. Every cadet (должен) pass four exams at the end of the semester.
6. Our teacher in Maths (умеет) explain the material very clearly.
7. You (можно) go home immediately after the classes, if you (нет
необходимости) attend any consultations.
8. Two cadets (не могут) be present at the lecture, they are ill and (должны) stay at
home.
9. A watch keeping officer (нельзя) leave the bridge while on watch.
10. Classes start at 9 o'clock a.m., so you (не должен) be late for them.

2. Complete the sentences with must/mustn't, may/may not, can/can't, needn't.

1. All marine engineers … keep watches in the engine room in turns.
2. When in port a seaman … go ashore if he is not free of work.
3. Cadets … repair the engine room machinery, they … learn how to do it.
4. If there is a problem during the watch the watch keeping engineer … report it to
the Chief Engineer but he … go to him, he … call him.
5. Any navigator … know how to take bearings, but he … know how to repair the
engine.
6. The Chief Engineer … keep watch in the engine room, but he is responsible for its
work.
7. You … speak English well, so you … work hard at it.
8. The cadets … buy many textbooks because they … borrow them from the library.
9. The cadets … leave their classroom only when the lesson is over.
10. The Chief Officer … always be ready to replace the Master.

3. Complete the following questions and answers with a suitable modal verb.
1. … your brother drive a car? – Yes, he is a good driver. … he repair it? – No, he …
.
2. What … you prepare for the next lesson? – Our home task is to read and translate
the text. – … you do it without a dictionary? – I think, I …, because the text is not
easy.
3. Hi, … I come in? – Yes, certainly, you … . What … I do for you? – I … see Mr.
Kerry and talk to him. – Oh, it's a pity, you … see him at the moment. He is not
in. … you wait for him a little? – Yes, sure. … I come a little later? – Oh, no, you
… go away, you … stay here.

4. Ask questions to the words in italics.

1. This pumpman can operate a pump of any type.
2. The fourth engineer must take over the watch in an hour.
3. The watch keeping navigator may not leave the bridge while on watch.
4. An experienced marine engineer can teach young engineers many useful things.
5. A navigator cannot repair the engine room machinery.
6. The radio-operators must maintain the ship's communication equipment in good
serviceable condition.
7. A visitor on board a ship may not enter the engine room without a special
permission because it's a high risk space.
8. The second engineer must replace the Chief Engineer if it's necessary.
9. Cadet Bodrov can't attend the lessons today because he is ill.
10. Marine engineers mustn't keep watches on the bridge.

5. Translate the sentences into English using suitable modal verbs.

1. В конце вахты вахтенный механик должен сделать записи в журнале
машинного отделения.
2. Все суда обязаны сообщать в порт о своем прибытии.
3. Судоводители не должны ремонтировать навигационное оборудование на
мостике.
4. Вы можете взять этот учебник в библиотеке.
5. Этот курсант может сделать домашнее задание хорошо.
6. Вахтенному помощнику нельзя покидать мостик во время вахты.
7. Боцман не может приказывать капитану, но он может отдавать приказы
матросам.
8. Все радиооператоры умеют принимать и передавать сообщения.
9. Ему нет необходимости приходить сюда завтра, он может позвонить.
10. Курсанты обязаны приходить на занятия вовремя, а после занятий им
можно идти домой, если у них нет необходимости посетить консультацию.

6. Translate the questions using suitable modal verbs.

1. Кто должен технически обслуживать судовые механизмы?
2. Когда ты можешь позвонить мне?
3. Почему ему нельзя подождать здесь?
4. Что вы можете сказать мне о работе этого насоса после ремонта?
5. Почему им не надо посещать консультации по физике?
6. Где должен боцман хранить уборочный инвентарь?
7. Что вахтенный механик должен проверить до начала вахты?
8. Сколько топлива мы можем взять в этот танк?
9. В какой порт ваше судно должно зайти во время рейса?
10. Почему этому судну нельзя покинуть порт сегодня?
11. Кого нам надо встретить на вокзале?
12. Сколько дней им можно пожить в этом отеле?
13. Почему их судно не может прибыть вовремя?
14. Как мы можем пройти к каюте старшего механика?

7. Complete the sentences. Choose between can/can't and may/may not.

1. This ship has a strong hull, so she … sail in ice-packed seas.
2. If you stay at a hotel you … park your car at this hotel parking place.
3. Our Chief Engineer is a very experienced specialist and he … repair any machine
in the engine-room.
4. The ship's Master … enter any space or accommodation because he is in charge of
all the ship.
5. I am not very good at English and I … speak English well.
6. Ships … enter a port at high speed. It is not allowed.
7. There is only one navigator on the bridge now, so he … leave it.
8. These cadets work hard at their English, I think, they … get very good marks at the
exam.
9. My brother … drive a car, that's why he wants to take driving lessons.
10. My sister has a very good memory, she … learn by heart very easily.

8. Complete the text and the dialogue by filling gaps with suitable modal verbs. The following
words will help you to understand the text (a) and the dialogue (b).

supplies – снабжение, запасы paint – краска

fuel oil – жидкое топливо rope – канат, трос
spare parts – запасные части to attend (to) – заботиться, следить
fresh water – пресная вода permission – разрешение

a)
A ship … sail without supplies. She … carry fuel oil, fresh water, drinking water
and provisions. In the voyage a ship … also need such things as spare parts, paints,
ropes and other technical supplies. A ship usually … get everything she needs at her
home port. A ship … also get some supplies at a foreign port. But the Master … get
the permission to do so from his ship owner. The chief mate and the chief engineer …
attend to the supplies.

b)
A.: … you tell me what a ship needs for her voyage?
B.: Well, she … carry some supplies.
A.: What kind of supplies … she carry?
B.: She … carry fuel oil, fresh water, drinking water and provisions.
A.: … a ship need anything else?
B.: Of course, she … need spare parts, paints and other technical supplies.
A.: Where … a ship get all these supplies?
B.: Usually she … get them at her home port.
A.: … a ship buy anything at a foreign port?
B.: Yes, she …, but the Master … get the permission for this.

The following words will help you to understand the text (c) and the dialogue (d).

to face – столкнуться a case – случай

difficulty – трудность a passer-by – прохожий
to get (to) – добраться (до) native language – родной язык
to find – найти a foreigner – иностранец
to lose the way – заблудиться a stranger – чужестранец, незнакомец
to go on foot – идти пешком as far as – до (какого-либо места)
to change – делать пересадку to get off – выйти (из транспорта)
international rule – международное правило

с)
In a foreign port a seaman … face some difficulties. First of all, he … know how
to get to the place which he needs. He … know which transport goes to the place
which he needs. Sometimes a seaman … know the street and the number of the
house, but he doesn't know how to find it. He … lose his way.
In these cases he … need a help. So, he … ask a passer-by to show him the way.
Very often foreigners … speak Russian. So, a seaman … ask a passer-by in his
native language or in English. Usually people are glad to help a stranger. The
international rule says that every seaman … know English. If a seaman … speak
English, it helps him in foreign ports to ask people and understand their answers.

d)
A.: Sorry to trouble you, sir! … you show me the way to the port?
B.: Certainly, I … . First you … go as far as that corner. There you … take bus No.8
or tram No.1.
A.: … I go there on foot?
B.: Yes, you …, but the port is far from here.
A.: O.K. … I change anywhere?
B.: No, bus No.8 and tram No.1 go right to the port. But you … ask somebody where
to get off.
A.: Thank you, very much.
 LABORATORY WORK 2

I. Comparative and superlative of adjectives: regular and irregular.

1. Write sentences using the information in the dialogue.

Rachel: I like living in the city. Shopping`s easy, for one thing. There aren`t so
many shops in the country.
Laurence: That`s true. But the houses are cheap in the country. And it`s quiet
because there isn`t so much traffic noise. Life is too fast and noisy in the
city. City life isn`t for me!
Rachel: What about public transport? The bus services are bad in the country.
Everybody knows that. In the city, visiting friends is easy, because we
have a good public transport system.
Laurence: But I like the quiet life and I think it`s good for the children. They can
play outside and the quality of the air is good.
Rachel: Yes, you`re right about that.

Example: Shopping is more difficult in the country.

1. Houses are expensive in the city.

2. Traffic is noise in the city.
3. Life quiet and slow in the country.
4. Public transport is good in the city.
5. Visiting friends is difficult in the country.
6. The quality of the air is bad in the city.

Now give your own opinions.

7. (good / bad)
Cinemas better in the city than in the country.
8. (easy / difficult)
Meeting friends difficult in the country than in the city.
9. (exciting / boring)
Life exciting in the city than in the country.

2. Fill in each gap with the superlative form of the adjective in brackets.
Example: February is the shortest month of the year. (short)

1. Michael has got the longest hair in our family. (long)

2. Who is the funniest student in your class? (funny)
3. This exercise is not difficultly in the book. (difficult)
4. This watch is in the shop. (expensive)
5. What is your ...... subject at school? (bad)
6. Yolanda`s got ...... bag in the class. (colourful)
 7. Is Mount Everest ...... mountain in the world? (high)
8. Timothy isn`t ...... student in the class. (young)
9. I want to give her ...... flowers in the shop. (pretty)
10.What is your ...... mark in English? (high)
11.December 21st is ...... day of the year. (short)
12.Is June 21st ...... day of the year? (long)
13.I think she`s ...... girl in the world. (beautiful)
14.Do you want to see ...... house in the city? (old)
15.You`re ...... player in the team. (good)

3. Complete the sentences with the correct form of the adjective.

Example: It`s (cold) colder today than yesterday.
It`s (cold) the coldest day of the year.

1. Her miniskirt is ...... in the school. (short)

2. Their house is ...... than our house. (big)
3. My room is ...... in the house. (warm)
4. This belt is ...... in the shop. (expensive)
5. Who`s ...... person you know? (intelligent)
6. She`s ...... person I know! (funny)
7. Today`s news is ...... than yesterday`s. (bad)
8. This is ...... day of my life! (good)
9. This sofa is ...... than I am! (old)
10.Her flat`s got ...... view over the river. (beautiful)
11.This restaurant is ...... than the one opposite. (good)
12.She`s got a ...... voice than all the other singers. (good)
13.I didn`t really like Fight Club. It`s not Brad Pitt`s ...... film. (good)
14.What`s ...... film of all time? (bad)
15.Is rugby ...... of all team sports? (dangerous)
16.My grandma is a ...... card player than I am. (good)
17.Your ticket is ...... than my ticket. Where did you get it? (cheap)
18.We had ...... journey ever. It took us twelve hours to get from London to
Edinburgh. (awful)

4. Complete Daniela`s description with comparative or superlative forms of the

adjectives in brackets.

I go to West Hill High School. It is (big) the biggest school in the city. My (good) ...
friend is called Sylvia. She is (popular) ... girl in the school. She is (young) ... than I
am. In fact, she`s (young) ... student in the class. She always gets (high) ... marks in
general tests, but I am (good) ... at sports than she is. I am (tall) ... and (fit) ... and I`ve
got (good) ... tennis serve in the whole school.
Daniela

5. Rewrite the sentences using not so (as) ... as.

 Example: My hair`s longer than your hair.
My hair isn`t so (as) short as your hair.

1. Your bag`s lighter than my bag.

Your bag ...... my bag.
2. My computer is slower than her computer.
My computer ...... her computer.
3. My bike`s dirtier than your bike.
My bike ...... your bike.
4. This week`s puzzle is more difficult than last week`s.
This week`s puzzle ...... last week`s.
5. October is colder than September.
October ...... September.
6. I`m younger than you.
I`m ...... you.
7. The picture on the left is lower than the picture on the right.
The picture on the left ...... the picture on the right.
8. Their new album is worse than their last album.
Their new album ...... their last album.
9. Joe`s coffee is better than Justin`s.
Joe`s coffee...... Justin`s.
10.You`re noisier than your brother!
You`re ...... your brother!

6. Translate the sentences from Russian into English.

a)
1. Этот поезд самый медленный, но билеты на него самые дешевые.
2. Кто самый молодой в вашей группе?
3. Этот груз – более опасный и дорогой, чем тот.
4. Я знаю более короткий и более легкий путь к тому месту.
5. Новый двигатель – мощнее старого (двигателя), но он в два раза дороже.
6. Погода осенью такая же изменчивая, как и ранней весной.
7. Сентябрь – не такой дождливый и ненастный, как октябрь.
8. Тот дом – самый высокий и самый современный в нашем городе.
9. Сегодня морознее и суше, а вчера было дождливее и ветренее, чем
сегодня.
10.Какое время года в Мурманске самое приятное для вас?

b)
1. Эта комната такая же удобная, как и та, но она немного меньше.
2. Эта проблема не такая сложная, как вы думаете. Её легко решить (to
decide).
3. Я вожу машину намного хуже, чем ты. Ты можешь подучить меня
немного?
 4. Мы можем улететь более поздним рейсом (to take a flight).
5. Уличное движение здесь не такое напряженное (heavy/busy), как в центре
города.
6. Пожалуйста, говорите немного медленнее, мне трудно понимать вас.
7. Вы можете прийти завтра немного раньше, чем обычно? Необходимо
обсудить вашу контрольную работу до начала занятий.
8. Сегодня самый ненастный день на этой неделе. А эта неделя – самая
плохая, потому что дождь идет каждый день, и очень ветрено. Ветер
становится все сильнее и сильнее.
9. У нас сегодня контрольная работа. Там несколько заданий. Первое
задание – самое сложное, второе задание – немного менее сложное,
третье задание – наименее трудное, но оно – самое большое.
10.Он должен работать усерднее, если он хочет стать лучшим по математике
в группе.

7. Translate the following texts into English.

1. Лето у нас самое короткое время года. Лето начинается в середине июня и
заканчивается в середине августа. Бывают дни, когда солнце светит ярко,
небо безоблачно и довольно жарко. Но летом часто идут дожди, много
облачных и пасмурных дней. Самый жаркий месяц – июль. В середине мая
начинается Полярный день, который заканчивается в конце июля.
2. Зима длится 6 месяцев: с ноября по апрель. Зима в Мурманске мягкая и
долгая. Средняя температура – около 10º ниже нуля. Полярная ночь
начинается в начале декабря и заканчивается в середине января. Чем ближе
полярная ночь, тем короче дни. Солнце не появляется (rise) из-за горизонта
(horizon), и на улице всё время темно. 22 декабря у нас самый короткий день.

LABORATORY WORK 3.

1. Use a verb from the box in the Present Continuous to complete each
sentence.

have look for wash play watch talk

make cook visit drive do sit
write dance listen to wear

Example: My mother is cooking the dinner in the kitchen.

1. My father ……… the news on the radio.

2. No, Ben, you can/t go out. You ……… your homework.
3. Sandra ……… tennis with her friend.
4. We ‘re on a holiday at the seaside and we ……… a wonderful time.
5. Cristina is in her room. She ……… television.
 6. Nick and Kate are at the disco. They ……… .
7. I’m in my room. I ……… a letter to my boyfriend.
8. It’s 7.30 and Mrs Davis ……… home from work..
9. Mark is in the kitchen. He ……… coffee.
10. Peter and Martina are at a café. They ………at a table.
11. You ……… your new jacket. It looks good.
12. We’re in the library. We ……… books about China.
13. David and Nick are in London. They ……… museums.
14. I’m sorry, Joanna can’t come now. She ……… on the phone.
15. Sam is outside. He ……… his car.

2. Complete the dialogues by choosing a phrase from the box and putting the
verb in brackets into the Present Continuous.

a) Yes, of course. I (not / read) it.

b) It’s OK. She (not /work) at the moment.
c) We (not /stay) at a hotel. We are at Joe’s flat.
d) Yes, that’s true. I (not / rain) now
e) But you ( not / use ) it.
f) No, he isn’t. he (listen to) a CD.
g) They (not / speak) to us.
h) Yes’ she’s fine, but I (not / enjoy) the classes very much.

1. A: Is your mum busy?

B: b) It’s OK. She isn’t working at the moment.
2. A: John’s playing the piano.
B: …………………………………………………
3. A: We can meet you at your hotel.
B: …………………………………………………
4. A: The children can go out into the garden.
B: …………………………………………………
5. A: Is your new German teacher OK?
B: ………………………………………………….
6. A: What’s the problem between you and them?
B: …………………………………………………
7. A: Can I have the newspaper now?
B: …………………………………………………
8. A: No, you can’t use my computer.
B: ………………………………………………….

3. Write the questions, using the verbs in the box.

stay cry write

lose run go out
make listen argue
 Example: A: Are you going out?
B: No, we’re coming in!

1. A: ………………………………? B: No, I’m not. I’m laughing!

2. A: ………………………………? B: No, he isn’t. He’s leaving.
3. A: ………………………………? B: No, they aren’t. They’re winning!
4. A: ………………………………? B: No, she isn’t. She’s talking.
5. A: ………………………………? B: No, they aren’t. They’re walking.
6. A: ………………………………? B: No, they’re just talking loudly.
7. A: ……………… ………a letter? B: No, I’m not. I’m writing a poem.
8. A: …………………a milkshake ? B: No, he isn’t. He’s making ice cream.

4. Write the questions and answers.

Example: (she / use / the computer )

Is she using the computer?
No, she isn’t. She is reading a
book.

( they / make / a cake )

( Nick / use / the phone)

 ( he /work / in his room )

( you two / tidy up / the room )

5. Complete the questions with what, where, why and the present continuous.

Example: your mother / do / ? What’s your mother doing?

She is cooking.
1. Judy / wear / ?
a new red dress.
2. the children / play / ?
in the garden.
3. the baby / cry / ?
because she is hungry.
4. Jim / work / at the moment / ?
at a bank in the city center.
5. Jack and Jill / stay at home / ?
because it’s raining.
6. they / shop/?
at the new supermarket.
7. the students / do / ?
a scientific experiment.
8. you / eat / your sandwiches so early / ?
because I’m hungry.
9. Tom / stay / ?
at a hotel.
10.we / wait / for the Number 14 bus / ?
because Number 9 isn’t running today.
11.you / go / ?
to the corner shop.
12.she /take / to the party / ?
her CD-player.

6. Complete the conversation.

Jordan: Hi, Neil, it’s me – Jordan.

Neil: Oh, hi, Jordan. (Where /you / from?)
Where are you phoning from?
Jordan: (I / phone) …………(1) from Aunt Tracy’s mobile. (Jamie and I / stay)
………… (2) with her for a few days.
Neil: Oh, right.
Jordan: So, (what / you / do / ?) ………… (3)
Neil: Nothing much. Why?
Jordan: Well, (you / use) ………… (5) them?
Neil: No, I’m not. In fact, (Julia and I / stay) ………… (6) at home today.
Jordan: Oh yes?
Neil: (We / not / feel) ………… (7) well.
Jordan: Oh, I’m sorry to hear that.
Neil: I think we’ve got flu.
Jordan: Oh, dear. (you / take) ………… (8) any medicine?
Neil: No, we aren’t. (We / keep) ………… (9) warm and (we / drink) …………
(10) plenty of water.
Jordan: Anyway, can I borrow your rollerblades?
Neil: Sure.
Jordan: OK. (I / walk) ………… (11) to the bus stop right now. Great! (The
bus / come) ………… (12).
Neil: Come and have some tea.
Jordan: Er, no thanks. Just leave the rollerblades outside the door.
Neil: Oh, OK.
Jordan: (I / get) ………… (13) on the bus. Bye!

7. Choose the correct answer.

Example: Ann, look! Joanna is wearing her new blue coat.

a) wears b) is wearing
1. She can’t come now, she ……… a shower.
a) has b) is having
2. Sally is a secretary. She ……… in an office.
a) works b) is working
3. He ……… by bus every morning.
a) travels b) is travelling
4. They ……… TV at the moment.
a) watch b) are watching
5. Look at Matthew. He ……… really fast.
a) cycles b) is cycling
6. My aunt usually ……… in the morning.
a) runs b) is running
7. The children ……… . Can you hear them?
a) sing b) are singing
8. What time ……… in the morning?
a) do you get up b) are you getting up
9. Ali ……… classical music.
a) loves b) is loving
 10.What ……… there? Come here.
a) do you do b) are you doing
11.My parents are in the kitchen. They ……… dinner.
a) have b) are having
12.Be quiet! The baby ……… .
a) sleeps b) are sleeping
13.Peter never ……… to hard rock.
a) listens b) is listening
14.Pat is a musician. She ……… the guitar.
a) plays b) is playing
15.I’m so tired. I ……… asleep.
a) fall b) is falling

8. Complete the paragraphs below with the verbs in the correct tense (Present
Simple or Present Continuous).

A.
(I / usually / watch) I usually watch television in the evening. At the moment, (I /
watch) ……… (1) a music programme. (I / like) ……… (2) music programmes. (My
sister / read) ……… (3) in her room. (She / not / like) ……… (4) watching television
much. (She / prefer) ……… (5) reading. (She / love) ……… (6) reading history
books. (She / sometimes / go) ……… (7) to the library on Saturday and (stay)
……… (8) there for hours. (She / want ) ……… (9) to study history at university.
Which (you / prefer) ……… (10) – reading books or watching TV?

B.
(It / be) It is 9.15 now and (I / stand) ……… (1) outside the classroom. I can’t go
into the class because (I / be) ……… (2) late. (Miss Tomkins /get) ……… (3) angry
with me when I’m late and when (I / forget) ……… (4) my book! I can see my
friends through the window. (They / listen to) ……… (5) Miss Tomkins.
(What / happen) ……… (6) now? (She / write) ……… (7) something on the
board. (She / give) ……… (8) them a surprise test! There are tests every week and
(my friends / often / complain) ……… (9) about them. They say they are a waste of
time. (Miss Tomkins / not / agree) ……… (10)!

9. Match the sentences in Column A to the phrases in Column B. Then use

the phrases in Column B to write sentences with going to.

1 My blouse is very dirty. a. study tonight

2 He’s very hungry b. put on a sweater
3 Their room is very untidy. c. take an umbrella
4 The plants in my garden are d. ask her teacher for help
dying.
5 I’ve got a car but I can’t drive. e. open the window
6 We’ve got an English test f. wash it
 tomorrow.
7 She can’t understand the g. water them
questions.
8 It’s very hot in my room. h. tidy it
9 I’m very cold. i. have a sandwich
10 It’s raining, but they are still j. take driving lessons
going out.
11 I’ve got a headache. k. complain to the waiter
12 He says the soup tastes horrible. l. take an aspirin

Example: 1 - f) My blouse is very dirty, I’m going to wash it.

10.Complete each sentence with the negative or question form of going to and
one of the main verbs from the box.

buy be have like

reply play send stay
work study take

Example: My brother is very bored with his new job.

He isn’t going to work for the company for very long.

1. ……… you ……… your umbrella with you? I don’t think it’s going to rain.
2. There’s a good film on TV tonight but I ……… in to watch it.
3. What ……… you ……… for your father’s birthday?
4. Oh, no! We ……… pizza again!
5. I ……… ready to go out at seven.
6. I’ve got something to tell you, and you ……… it.
7. What subjects ……… you ……… at school next year?
8. ……… we ……… cards after dinner?
9. ……… they ……… us an e-mail?
10. She ……… to his letter.

11. Complete each sentence with the negative or question form of going to
and a suitable main verb.

1. You’ve got $200 for your birthday. Surely you ……… it all day!
2. ……… we ……… your new computer disk?
3. Mum says my room is a real mess but she ……… any more. I must do it
myself.
4. Peter, the phone is ringing. ……… it?
5. I want to find out what’s inside the parcel, but I ……… until my birthday.

Preparation for the test.

1. Use the verbs in brackets in the Present Simple or the Present Continuous
form.

Hi. My name is Sergei, and this is the “Let’s Speak English” group. We all
(come) from different countries, and we (study) English in London now. Every
Tuesday and Thursday we (meet) to discuss the news in English. We usually
(choose) an important international story, but it all depends on what (happen)
in the news at that moment. Of course, we (not talk) about the news every
time! At the moment, for example, we (discuss) work problems. Aldona
(come) from Poland. She (live) in Warsaw, and she’s a lawyer, but here in
London she (work) in a supermarket. Ronaldo is Brazilian. He (work) in a
bank in Rio. He (look) for a job in London, but there is nothing for him. It’s
terrible. I’m lucky. I (work) in the school canteen, so I (eat) for free every day
– and my lessons are free!

2. Use the verbs in brackets in the Present Simple or the Present Continuous
form.

1. The cook always (go ashore) for food. Now he (arrange) the order.
2. All the engineers usually (meet) in the office on Fridays. It (be) Friday today
and they (go) to come in 10min.
3. Watch out! The cargo (fall).
4. Ivanov (be) an experienced helmsman, at the moment he (steer) the vessel.
5. The bosun (not repair) the fire pump, it (not be) his duty.
6. The working day of the 4th engineer (begin) at 8a.m. Now it (be) 10.15 and he
(read) the manual because he (go) to repair the auxiliary engines, as it (not
work) properly at this moment.
7. Where is the electrician? He (keep) watch now? – No, he … . He (not keep)
usually watch after 6p.m.
8. What you (do) when you (hear) the alarms?
9. The 2nd mate (determine) ship’s position during the voyage? – Yes, he … .

3. Translate from Russian into English.

1. Третий помощник капитана прокладывает курс? – Нет, он сейчас

разговаривает с капитаном.
2. Где обычно работает боцман после обеда? – На палубе. Он проверяет
аварийное оборудование.
3. Кто получает метеосводку? – Радист Белов. Он уже настраивает
радиооборудование.
4. Твое судно заходит в иностранные порты? – Да. – В какие порты вы
заходите?
5. Механики не несут вахту на мостике. Они работают в машинном
отделении. Смотрите, третий механик смазывает оборудование.
 LABORATORY WORK 4.

1. Complete the sentences using the verbs in brackets in the imperative.

Example: (be / meet)
Meet me at 8 o’clock. Don’t be late.

1. (take / drive)
... the train. ... there. The train’s much quicker.
2. (spend /save)
... some money for your holidays. ... it all. You are going to need it when you
are in London.
3. (stand up / sit)
Relax! ... in a comfortable chair. ... .
4. (talk / listen to)
... . It’s rude. ... him while he’s talking.
5. (stay / come)
Come on, you two. ... to the cinema with us. ... at home.
6. (get up / sleep)
... early. We aren’t going to do anything tomorrow morning. ... as long as you
like.
7. (eat / put)
This cheese smells horrible! ... it! ... it in the bin.
8. (leave / annoy)
... me alone! ... me!
9. (switch / read)
... in the dark. It’s bad for your eyes. ... the light on.
10.(arrive / remember)
Hospital visiting hours are from 2 till 5, so ... before 2 o’clock. And ... to take
him some books.

2. Rewrite the sentences using the correct demonstrative adjective.

1. Who are these / those people over there?

2. Excuse me. Is those / this seat free?
3. Is this / that blonde girl in the next office your cousin?
4. Here you are. These / Those flowers will cheer you up.
5. I like these / that picture behind you.
6. Can I have copies of this / these photos?
7. I come here often. I like walking in that / this park.
8. You look good in these / those shoes.
9. See you here again, I hope. This / That club is great!
10.Pass me this / that CD, please.
11.I’ve got plenty of mineral water. Here, take this / that bottle.
12.Does this / that new jacket suit me?
13.Do you like these / those jeans up there on the top shelf?
 14.Who was this / that boy in the café?
15.I can’t walk in these / those boots. I’m going to take them off.
16.This / That restaurant across the square looks good. Let’s go there.
17.These / Those English people at your party were great fun.
18.Is this / that diary on the table Lucy’s?
19.What’s this / that terrible noise?
20.Here you are. Are these / those maps any good to you?

LABORATORY WORK 5.

1. Complete the sentences with was or were.

1. We ... at the cinema yesterday evening.

2. I ... ill yesterday.
3. There ... lots of clouds in the sky this morning.
4. You and your sister ... very late last night.
5. I ... in Scotland in March last year.
6. Mum and Dad ... in the kitchen five minutes ago.
7. Your dad ... here his afternoon.
8. Karen ... in her bedroom half an hour ago.
9. It ... very cold there.
10.You ... very funny last night.
11.There ... a great film on TV last night.
12.Richard ... very pleased with his present.
13.Joanna’s parents ... away last weekend.
14.There ... two hundred people in the audience.
15.You ... really good in the school play.
16.It ... a fantastic weekend.
17.We ... out in the boat most of the afternoon.
18.Lorraine and Tania ... at the Night Owls Café.

2. Write negative sentences using the past simple of to be.

1. at the bookshop / Leyla / this morning

2. at home / my parents / last weekend
3. in the library / this morning / Chris
4. Harry, Marina and Rosa / this afternoon / here
5. at school / you / today
6. late / I
7. at the cinema / you and I / last Saturday night
8. happy / his parents
9. you and your boyfriend / at Tom’s party
 10.with Jackie / I / at the pizza restaurant
11.your girlfriend / with you / at the concert
12.we / on the school trip

3. Write the questions and answers.

1. A: You were at the concert. (they / ?) ...

B: (─ / they) ...
2. A: You were at the market. (Tania / ?) ...
B: (+ / she) ...
3. A: I was out last night. (Kate and you / ?) ...
B: (+ / we) ...
4. A: I was ready. (you / ?) ...
B: (─ / I) ...
5. A: They were late. (we / ?) ...
B: (+ / you) ...
6. A: Our hotel was terrible. (your hotel / ?) ...
B: (+ / it) ...
7. A: The rooms were small. (your rooms / ?) ...
B: (+ / they) ...
8. A: Nicola was at the café. (Jeremy / ?) ...
B: (─ / he) ...
9. A: There was a storm Cardiff. (in Swansea / ?) ...
B: (─) ...
10. A: There were problems at Terminal. (at Terminal 2 / ?) ...
B: (+) ...

4. Complete the questions with who, what, when, where, which or how and
write your answers.
How good is your memory?

Q1: ... was your first word?

A: ......
Q2: ... was your parents` first flat / house?
A: ......
Q3: ... was your first holiday at the seaside? (Give the year.)
A: ......
Q4: ... game was your favourite game when your five?
A: ......
Q5: ... old were you on your first day at school?
A: ......
Q6: ... was your best friend`s name at primary school?
A: ......
Q7: ... were you at seven o`clock yesterday evening?
A: ......
Q8: ... was with you at seven o`clock yesterday evening?
A: ......
Q9: ... were you last at the beach?
A: ......
Q10: ... was with you at breakfast this morning?
A: ......
Q11: ... was your school bag? (In your room? In the kitchen?)
A: ......
Q12: ... was the weather like on the way to school?
A: ......
Q13: In ... classroom was your first lesson today?
A: .......
Q14: ... was your teacher in your first lesson?
A: ......

5. Complete the sentences with the correct tense of the verb to be. They may be
positive or negative.

1. We ... in London three weeks ago. Laura ... there, too.

2. Sorry, my mother ... at home now. Can I help you?
3. I don`t want to go to the café tonight. I ... there last night.
4. I can`t do my homework now. I ... too tired.
5. ... the children at the swimming pool last Sunday?
6. I`m 14. How old ... you?
7. ... this sea free?
8. This is Yvonne. She ... my friend.
9. The tourists ... here in Istanbul today.
10.... you on holiday last week?
11.... you Kristin`s sister?
12.Excuse me, what ... the time?
13.Sorry, but I ... new here. Can you ask someone else?
14.It ... a fantastic match last Saturday. We ... lucky to get tickets.
15.The storms ... really bad last week.
16.You look well! Your holiday ... good, then?
17.Where ... Neil and Ben? It`s time for dinner.
18.A: I must go to Birmingham tonight. ... there any trains?
B: Sorry, you ... too late. There ... a train at 8.30, but there ... any more now.
19.A: Hello! You two ... back early. ... the concert good?
B: No, it ...! The seats ... very good and the music ... awful.
20.A: Come on! ... you ready to go?
B: Yes, I ...

6. Mrs Watson is looking at her old photo album. Complete what she is saying
by putting what she wrote into the past tense.
I am 14 years old. My hair is blonde and I`m about 1 metre 60 tall. I`m with my
mother and her relatives at the seaside. My father isn`t there. We`re on the beach.
My cousins are with us. My aunt and uncle aren`t in this picture, but they`re in some
of the other photos of this holiday. It`s a beautiful day. There`s a Punch and Judy
show behind us. We`re all really happy.

Complete the sentences with the past simple of the verbs in brackets.
Example: Yesterday we (wait) waited for two hours at the bus stop.

1. My sister (clean) ...... the house last week.

2. I (play) ...... tennis with Michel this morning.
3. Frank (try) ...... yoga at lunchtime. He (enjoy) ...... it.
4. Julie (visit) ...... a lot of cities in Europe two years ago. She (travel) ......
everywhere by train.
5. They (stay) ...... at a hotel in Brighton.
6. You (phone) ...... Lena an hour ago.
7. I (drop) ...... a glass this afternoon.
8. Sarah (move) ...... flat last month.
9. We (plan) ...... our trip to Nepal last weekend.
10.My brother (cook) ...... a really nice meal last night.
11.They (watch) ...... the match on TV.
12.Simon (finish) ...... her homework early today and (play) ...... football before
dinner.
13.Yasmin (open) ...... the letter by mistake.
14.We (carry) ...... the canoe to the water.
15.A group of school children (climb) ...... Mount Killimanjaro last month.

2. Complete the sentences by choosing an appropriate verb from the box and
putting it into the negative of the past simple.

answer finish taste

like arrive walk
post close watch
dry succeed

Example: I tried to do a handstand, but I didn’t succeed.

1. She asked him a question, but he ...... her.

2. We hurried to get to the cinema on time, but we ...... in time for the start of the
film.
3. They cycled into town. They ......
4. You opened the cupboard but then you ...... it.
5. I washed the dishes, but I ...... them.
6. We listened to the news on the radio. We ...... it on TV.
7. They stayed in an expensive hotel, but they...... it.
 8. He remembered to buy her a card, but he ...... it.
9. The cake looked nice, but it ...... nice!
10.The film started at 7 but it ...... until 10.30.

3. Write the questions and the answers.

Example: John cleaned his room.
(he / the bathroom, too)
Did he clean the bathroom, too?
+ ─
Yes, he did. No, he didn’t.

1. Emma phoned her sister.

(she / her brother, too)
......
+...
2. We learned French at primary school.
(you / learn English, too)
......
─ ...
3. Robert washed the dishes.
(he / the saucepans, too)
......
─...
4. We watered the plants on the terrace.
(you / the plants on the balcony, too)
......
+...
5. They traveled in France for three months.
(they / in England, too)
......
+...

II Past simple of irregular verbs: positive, negative, questions

4. Complete the sentences with the past simple of the verbs in brackets.
Example: My sister (tell) told me the news after lunch today.

1. My sister (make) ...... a chocolate cake this morning.

2. Lucy (buy) ...... some new jeans last week.
3. Richard (write) ...... his holiday postcard at the airport.
4. The children (break) ...... the window with their ball.
5. We (go) ...... to the seaside last Sunday and we () ...... all day.
6. Martin (eat) ...... a lot of icecream last night so he doesn’t feel very well.
7. She hasn’t got any money because she (lose) ...... her bag last night.
8. The train (leave) ...... an hour ago.
9. We (build) ...... the garden wall last weekend.
 10.I (wake up) ...... at two in the morning because I (hear) ...... a strange noise.
11.We (have) ...... lunch at the Grove Cafe.
12.I (understand) ...... the problem when I (see) ...... the architect’s plans.
13.I (meet) ...... Mr Patton at the party last night.
14.Amy (find) ...... a wallet on the street the other day and she (give) ...... it to the
police.
15.Our neighbours (sell) ...... their house last week.
16.I (forget) ...... my sandwiches this morning.
17.He fell off his bike and (tear) ...... his T-shirt.
18.We (drive) ...... from the east of Turkey to the west.
19.The tree (grow) ...... too big for a garden, so we (cut) ...... it down.
20.They (take) ...... some fantastic photos at the party.

5. Use the prompts to write negative sentences.

Example: I bought a new T-shirt. (a new pair of jeans)
I didn’t buy a new pair of jeans.

1. I chose blue for my bedroom. (green)

2. We came on Sunday afternoon. (Saturday morning)
3. I felt good. (ill)
4. She found her purse. (keys)
5. He forgot his towel. (swimming trunks)
6. It got very dark last night. (cold)
7. We had sandwiches for lunch. (chips)
8. They met in London. (here)
9. You gave me your e-mail address. (phone number)
10.We sat down. (stand up)
11.I bought her a present. (card)
12.We went to Rome. (Naples)

6. Write the questions and the answers.

Example: A: We went to the cinema last night.
B: (with friends / ?) Did you go with friends?
A: + Yes, we did.

A: We didn’t eat at home last night.

B: (Where ?) Where did you eat?
A: At the new pizza place.

1. A: I felt sick this morning.

B: (last night /?)
A: (─)
2. A: I got upset.
B: (angry /?)
A: (+)
 3. A: Penny came to see us.
B: (her boyfriend /?)
A: (─)
4. A: We gave him a surprise present.
B: (What /?)
A: A cookery book.
5. A: I told him to go.
B: (Why /?)
A: Because I’m fed up with him.

III Past simple of regular and irregular verbs

7. Use the verbs in the boxes in the past simple to complete the pages from
Joanna’s journal.

A
get be meet do help tidy go iron write have make

My sister and I were at home today so we ...... our mother in the house. We ...... our
beds, then we ...... our rooms and ...... our clothers. After lunch we ...... the washing-
up. In the afternoon I ...... a shower and ...... a letter to my penfriend. My sister ...... to
the cinema with her friends and I ...... my friends in the town. We both ...... home
quite late.
B
come say go not/know take reply not/stay see send buy want

This morning I went to the market. Jack, my cousin, ...... me there on his
motorbike. I ...... all the things on my shopping list. Then I ...... some beautiful birds
in cages. I ...... to buy one. But Jack ...... it wasn’t a good idea, because it’s cruel to
keep birds in cages.
Jack and I ...... back here, but he ...... for lunch. I was a bit bored this afternoon.
I ...... what to do so I checked my e-mail. Nothing! So I ...... e-mails to Donna and
Stephen. And they both ...... this evening!

TEXTS OF THE RECORDINS

UNIT 1

Lesson 2

Exercise1
 Where is the port?
How do I get to the bus station?
How do I get from the post office to the bank?
Can you tell me the way to the park?
Which way to the swimming pool?

Lesson 3
Exercise2
(see the text in exercise )

Lesson 2

Exercise8
Marcus: So … what’s the weather like … what’s the climate like?
Cheryl: Cape Town has a lovely climate. The summers are very warm … not
humid at all and the winters are wet, very rainy but not too cold, so it’s
… a perfect climate.
Marcus: When’s the best time to go?
Cheryl: Our summers start around October … from October to March … so I’d
say round October, November or February/ Mach are the best times to
go.
Cheryl: So, what’s the weather like in the north?
Marcus: Not very good. Um … like all of England it’s very changeable … it
rains a lot … but er, I think it’s colder in the north … it can be very
cold in the winter … and very damp.
Cheryl: When’s the best time to go there then, do you think?
Marcus: Well, I think the best time to visit is probably the summer er …
between June … and September.
Cheryl: So, it won’t rain then?
Marcus: Well, I don’t say that … but er, it can be quite warm … and sunny …
on a good day.

UNIT 3

Lesson 2

Exercise1

Chief Officer: How are things going, Bosun?

Bosun: Fine. Everything is going well.
Chief Officer: What’s happening on deck?
Bosun: Well, the ratings are sweeping the deck at the moment.
Chief Officer: And the A.B.?
Bosun: He’s painting right now.
Chief Officer: Right. Who is testing the alarms today?
Bosun: I think the 3d Engineer is doing it.
Chief Officer: OK, good. I’m going to the bridge to see the electrician. He is
repairing the radio.
Bosun: OK, sir.

Lesson 3

Exercise 5

Peter: Hi, Marcus!

Marcus: Hi, Peter! How are you?
Peter: Fine, thanks. And you?
Marcus: Not bad. But I am very busy because I’m going to go to sea very soon.
Peter: Really? I didn’t know you were leaving so soon. When are you going
exactly?
Marcus: Monday.
Peter: Next Monday! Are you going to be ready by then?
Marcus: Sure! Laura is going to pack my things.
Peter: Are you going to take a lot with you?
Marcus: No, I don’t usually take much because many of my things are already on
board.
Peter: Of course. What else do you need to do?
Marcus: Oh, not much. The office manager is going to arrange my visa and other
documents.
Peter: Good. That can take a long time. So how are the children?
Marcus: They’re fine! They’re going to help around the house some more.
Peter: Wonderful. You have a lot of people helping you.
Marcus: Yeah. Even Tom is going to get some books for me. I want to read more at
sea.
Peter: Great! So, what are you going to do?
Marcus: I’m going to go to the bar for a drink! Do you want to come?
Peter: Good idea. Let’s go!

UNIT 4

Lesson 1
Exercise 3

1. Sound the alarms!

2. Go to your muster station immediately!
3. Put on your life jacket!
4. Get into the life boat now!
5. Don’t touch that machine!
6. Get the fire extinguisher!
 Exercise 8

Seafarer 1: There’s been an explosion in the engine room! Quick! There’s a fire.
Seafarer 2: Call the Captain!
Seafarer 1: Engine room to bridge! Emergency! Explosion in the engine room!
Captain: Captain speaking. What’s the damage?
Seafarer 1: It’s bad, Sir – There’s fire and a lot of smoke!
Captain: Can you contain the fire?
Seafarer 1: I don’t think so, Sir – it’s out of control!
Captain: Get everyone out now! Do not attempt to extinguish the fire! Sound the
alarms immediately!
Seafarer 1: Yes, Sir!
Loudspeaker: Attention! Attention! This is your Captain speaking. Fire in the
engine room! This is an emergency! Proceed to your muster stations
immediately!
Loudspeaker: Attention! Attention! Fire is spreading! Prepare to abandon the
ship! Prepare to abandon the ship!

UNIT 5

Lesson 2
Exercise 3

Last year I was the 2nd Officer on the Fulmar Wave. It was an oil tanker, and we
sailed the North Atlantic route between Europe and North America. We occasionally
visited Central America but not often. I remember on one occasion there was an
unfortunate incident. We arrived in the US and unloaded crude oil. Unfortunately, a
hose burst and a small quantity of oil leaked onto the deck. We discovered it in time
and stopped the pumps immediately.

I sailed through the Suez Canal last month on the Milimar with a pilot on board. The
A.B. took the helm and I checked the charts. It was a big car carrier and we shipped
over 5000 cars from Italy to Dubai. Unfortunately, we had to stop at Suez because
some pirates boarded and tried to steal money from the cabins. Some ratings caught
them. We held them on board until the Coastguard arrived. The incident delayed us
for about six hours.

Two years ago I had a terrible time in the South Pacific. I was on the refrigerator
vessel, the Gold Star. We had a full cargo of bananas and oranges and we were on our
way to South America. I enjoyed that route and everything was fine until about three
days into the trip. A bad storm hit and damaged the vessel. The next day I discovered
that some of the cargo was wet. We lost a lot of the fruit because of the storm.