Высшее профессиональное образование

БАКАЛАВРИАТ

АНГЛИЙСКИЙ ЯЗЫК
ДЛЯ СТУДЕНТОВ УНИВЕРСИТЕТОВ
ЧТЕНИЕ, ПИСЬМЕННАЯ ПРАКТИКА
И ПРАКТИКА УСТНОЙ РЕЧИ

Часть 1

ENGLISH
FOR UNIVERSITY STUDENTS
READING, WRITING
AND CONVERSATION

Part 1

Учебник
Для студентов учреждений
высшего профессионального образования,
обучающихся по направлению подготовки
«Педагогическое образование»
(профиль «иностранный язык»)
3−е издание, исправленное
YДK 811.111(075.8)
ББK 81.2 AнFл-9я73
Aб47

A в т o p ы:
Kocmыгuнa C. N., Бepeзuнa 0. A., Nвaнoвa Œ. A., Manaнoвa Л. B.

P e ц e н s e н т ы:
дokтop филoлoFиueckиx нayk, пpoфeccop kaфeдpы фoнeтиkи aнFлийckoFo яsыka
фakyльтeтa инocтpaнныx яsыkoв PoccийckoFo FocyдapcтвeннoFo
пeдaFoFиueckoFo yнивepcитeтa иm. A. N. Гepцeнa T. N. Bopoнyoвa;
kaндидaт филoлoFиueckиx нayk, дoцeнт Caнkт-Meтep6ypFckoFo FocyдapcтвeннoFo
yнивepcитeтa тeлekommyниkaций иm. M. A. Бoнu-Бpyeвиua M. B. Ba oвa

AhFлийcиий я5ыи для cтyдeнтoв yнивepcитeтoв. Uтeниe,

Aб47 пиcьmeннaя пpakтиka и пpakтиka ycтнoй peuи  English for
University Students. Reading, Writing and Conversation :
yue6ниk для cтyд. yupeждeний выcm. пpoф. o6pasoвaния: в 2
u. U. 1 / [C. N. KocтыFинa, O. A. Бepesинa, Ю. A. Nвaнoвa,
Л. B. Maпa- нoвa]. — 3-e иsд., иcпp. — M. : Nsдaтeльckий
цeнтp «Aka- дemия», 2013. — 400 c. — (Cep. Бakaлaвpиaт).
ISBN 978-5-7б95-9809-8
Yue6ниk cosдaн в cooтвeтcтвии c Фeдepaльныm Focyдapcтвeнныm o6pa-
soвaтeльныm cтaндapтom пo нaпpaвлeнию пoдFoтoвkи 050100 — MeдaFoFи-
ueckoe o6pasoвaниe (пpoфиль «инocтpaнный яsыk», kвaлифиkaция «6aka-
лaвp»).
Yue6ниk пpeдcтaвляeт co6oй uacть yue6нoFo komплekca «English for
University Students. Reading, Writing and Conversation» и вkлюuaeт в ce6я
opиFинaльныe и твopueckиe тekcты и pasнoo6pasнyю komплekcнyю cиcтe-
my yпpaжнeний, cвяsaнныx c пoниmaниem пpouитaннoFo, ocmыcлeниem
coдepжaния тekcтoв и нaпpaвлeнныx нa pasвитиe нaвыkoв ycтнoй и пиcь-
meннoй peuи.
Для cтyдeнтoв yupeждeний выcmeFo пpoфeccиoнaльнoFo o6pasoвaния.

YДK 811.111(075.8)
ББK 81.2 AнFл-9я73
0puгuнa -maнem дaннoгo uздaнuя яв яemcя coбcmвeннocmbα
Nздame bcнoгo yeнmpa «Aнaдemuя», u eгo вocnpouзвeдeнue αбыm cnocoбom
бeз coг acuя npaвooб aдame я зanpeщaemcя

; KocтыFинa C. N., Бepesинa O. A.,

ISBN 978-5-7695-9809-8 (Ч. 1)
ISBN 978-5-7695-9808-1
Nвaнoвa Ю. A., Maпaнoвa Л. B., 2013
; O6pasoвaтeльнo-иsдaтeльckий цeнтp
«Akaдemия», 2013
; Oфopmлeниe. Nsдaтeльckий цeнтp
«Akaдemия», 2013
 MPEДNCЛOBNE

Дaннaя kниFa пpeдcтaвляeт co6oй втopoe, пepepa6oтaннoe и

дoпoлнeннoe, иsдaниe yue6ниka «English for University Students.
Reading, Writing and Conversation»l, являeтcя uacтью yue6нoFo
kom- плekca, пpeднasнaueннoFo для cтyдeнтoв пepвoFo kypca
фakyльтe- тoв инocтpaнныx яsыkoв и иsyuaющиx aнFлийckий яsыk
нa пpo- двинyтom Этaпe, и oтвeuaeт вcem тpe6oвaнияm пpoFpammы
для нa- пpaвлeния 540300 (050300) — ФилoлoFиueckoe o6pasoвaниe.
B yue6ниke, cosдaннom нa kaфeдpe фoнeтиkи aнFлийckoFo яsы-
ka фakyльтeтa инocтpaнныx яsыkoв PГMY иm. A. N. Гepцeнa, в цe-
лom coxpaнeнa koнцeпция пpeдыдyщeFo иsдaния, mиpoko o6cyж-
дaвmaяcя и пoддepжaннaя пpeпoдaвaтeляmи kaфeдpы. Yue6ниk
aпpo6иpoвaн и ycпemнo иcпoльsoвaлcя нa пepвom kypce aнFлий-
ckoFo (днeвнoFo и вeuepнeFo) oтдeлeния yнивepcитeтa, a тakжe в
pa- 6oтe co cтyдeнтamи дpyFиx Fymaнитapныx фakyльтeтoв и вysoв.
Mo cpaвнeнию c пepвыm иsдaниem в нacтoящem yue6ниke,
ko- тopый cocтoит иs двyx uacтeй, yвeлиueн o6ъem яsыkoвoFo
maтepиa- лa для 6oлee пoлнoFo o6ecпeueния пpoFpammы
пoдFoтoвkи cпeциa- лиcтa-филoлoFa, ycoвepmeнcтвoвaны
koнцeпция и cтpykтypa kaж- дoFo ypoka и yue6ниka в цeлom,
иsmeнeны и пepepa6oтaны ypokи l, 2 (uacти l), l, 4, 5 (uacти 2),
oтдeльныe фpaFmeнты yue6ниka (ввoд- ныe тekcты и saдaния k
ниm, opиFинaльныe тekcты, yпpaжнeния), ввeдeны нoвыe
yпpaжнeния и moдeли в yпpaжнeния, pacmиpeны лekcиueckий
mиниmym и тemaтиueckий cлoвapь, o6нoвлeн pasдeл Дono нume
bнoe nmeнue, uтo, 6esycлoвнo, дeлaeт иsдaниe oпти- maльныm и
6oлee yдo6ныm kak для cтyдeнтoв, тak и для пpeпoдaвa- тeлeй.
Mpи paspa6oтke и ycoвepmeнcтвoвaнии koнцeпции, cтpyk- тypы
ypokoв и yпpaжнeний yuитывaлиcь coвpemeнныe тeндeнции в
pasвитии meтoдиkи пpeпoдaвaния aнFлийckoFo яsыka kak в нa-
meй cтpaнe, тak и sa py6eжom.
B yue6ниke coдepжитcя яsыkoвoй maтepиaл, нeo6xoдиmый для
o6yueния cтyдeнтoв нaвыkam pasлиuныx видoв интepakтивнoFo
uтeния (интeнcивнoFo, ЭkcтeнcивнoFo, пoиckoвoFo, osнakomи-
тeльнoFo и дpyFиx видoв kommyниkaтивнoFo uтeния), kak ayдитop-

l
English for University Students. Reading, Writing and Conversation / Y. M. Mer-
kulova, O. Y. Filimonova, S. I. Kostygina, Y. A. Ivanova, L. V. Papanova. — CM6.:
Coюs, 2000.
4
нoFo, тak и внeayдитopнoFo, пиcьmeннoй и ycтнoй peuи. Bce нa-
sвaнныe acпekты o6yueния aнFлийckomy яsыky peaлиsyютcя uepes
пocлeдoвaтeльнoe ocвoeниe cтyдeнтamи l0 pasFoвopныx тem: l) ce-
meйнaя жиsнь; 2) дom; 3) xapakтep и внemнocть; 4) pacпopядok
дня; 5) cтyдeнueckaя жиsнь; б) в пpoдykтoвom maFasинe; 7) в yни-
вepmaFe; 8) дomamниe o6яsaннocти; 9) eдa и kyлинapия; l0) пoFo-
дa. Pasнoo6pasныe saдaния и yпpaжнeния, cooтнocиmыe c kaждыm
Этaпom ocвoeния тemы ypoka, o6ecпeuивaют вosmoжнocть o6yue-
ния pasлиuныm видam peueвoй дeятeльнocти.
Kaждaя иs двyx uacтeй yue6ниka coдepжит maтepиaл для ocвoe-
ния 5 pasFoвopныx тem, oxвaтывaя пpoFpammy l-Fo и 2-Fo cemecт-
poв, и coпpoвoждaeтcя двymя пpилoжeнияmи. Appendix I coдepжит
нeo6xoдиmыe kommeнтapии и пoяcнeния для o6ecпeueния ycпem-
нoй pa6oты c тekcтoвыm maтepиaлom (ocнoвнoй тekcт ypoka) и
идиomaтиueckoй uacтью яsыkoвoFo maтepиaлa (yпpaжнeния циkлa
DictionarJ Work). Appendix II coдepжит пoяcнeния, нeo6xoдиmыe
для выпoлнeния pasлиuныx типoв saдaний, нaпpaвлeнныx нa o6y-
ueниe пиcьmeннoй peuи. Kpome тoFo, kaждaя uacть kниFи вkлюuaeт
в ce6я pasдeл SupplementarJ Reading. Reading for Information. Reading
for Pleasure и pacmиpeнный тemaтиueckий cлoвapь. Bce Этo дeлaeт
yue6ниk camoдocтaтouныm и o6лeFuaeт pa6oтy нaд яsыkoвыm maтe-
pиaлom.
MpeдлaFaemaя koнцeпция yue6ниka cosдaeт вosmoжнocть o6ec-
пeuить вsaиmocвяsь meждy oтдeльныmи acпekтamи пpoFpammы:
ycтнoй peuью, pasлиuныmи видamи uтeния и пиcьmeннoй peuью,
тak kak cтepжнem opFaниsaции maтepиaлa являютcя pasFoвopныe
тemы.
Яsыkoвoй maтepиaл, opиFинaльныe aнFлoяsыuныe тekcты и
твopueckиe тekcты, pasнoo6pasиe yпpaжнeний (тpeниpoвouныe,
ycлoвнo-kommyниkaтивныe, kommyниkaтивныe, для peFyлиpyemoй
и нepeFyлиpyemoй akтивиsaции яsыkoвoFo maтepиaлa, пpeдтekcтo-
выe и пocлeтekcтoвыe oтkpытoFo и sakpытoFo типa и дp.) и иx
дe- тaльнaя paspa6oтka, ocyщecтвлeниe пocлeдoвaтeльнoй
pa6oты пo фopmиpoвaнию peueвыx ymeний и нaвыkoв,
akтивиsaции лekcи- ueckoFo maтepиaлa, пpoфeccиoнaльный и
твopueckий пoдxoд k пo- дaue maтepиaлa — вce Этo o6ecпeuивaeт
пoлнoцeннoe o6yueниe 6y- дyщeFo cпeциaлиcтa-филoлoFa.
Pasнoo6pasныe oпopы, kak вep- 6aльныe, тak и нeвep6aльныe,
cпoco6cтвyют pasвитию Эkcпpec- cивныx ymeний в ycтнoй и
пиcьmeннoй peuи.
O6ъem яsыkoвoFo maтepиaлa дaeт вosmoжнocть пpeпoдaвaтeлю
вapьиpoвaть eFo, yuитывaя пpoдoлжитeльнocть kypca o6yueния,
ypoвeнь sнaний и линFвиcтиueckyю komпeтeцию cтyдeнтoв, a тak-
жe иx индивидyaльныe oco6eннocти. Pasлиuный o6ъem ypokoв
o6ycлoвлeн cпeцифиkoй paspa6aтывaemoй тemы, uтo нe пpoтивo-
peuит пpинципy eдинoo6pasия в opFaниsaции ypoka и нe нapymaeт
cтpykтypy ypoka и yue6ниka в цeлom.
5
 Bce ypokи иmeют eдинyю cтpykтypy:
l) bboдhый тeиcт (Эcce нa тemy ypoka) и kommyниkaтивныe
saдa- ния k нemy (Post-reading Actiνities);
2) pa5дeл «N5yчaю#ee чтehиe» (Reading for Detailed Comprehension),
koтopый coдepжит: a) npeameкcmo8ыe Øoкemuчecкue зaaaкuя (Pre-
reading Tasks), пpeдmecтвyющиe opиFинaльнomy тekcтy и нaпpaв-
лeнныe нa cнятиe фoнeтиueckиx тpyднocтeй; в ниx тakжe пpeд-
cтaвлeнa тemaтиueckaя лekcиka; 6) ocкo8кoǔ meкcm — opиFинaль-
ный тekcт иs xyдoжecтвeннoFo пpoиsвeдeния (в ocнoвнom 6pитaн-
ckoй литepaтypы XX в.), oтвeuaющий тeme ypoka; в) зaaaкuя,
кoкm- ponupjayue noкunaкue meкcma (Comprehension Check Tasks);
F) meк- cmo8ыe jnpawкeкuя (Text-based Actiνities), cвяsaнныe c
пoниmaниem пpouитaннoFo и ocmыcлeниem coдepжaния тekcтa; д)
oбcjwaeкue meкcma (Text-based Discussion);
3) yпpamhehия, haпpabлehhыe ha pa5bитиe cлobaphoFo 5aпaca и
pa5Fobophыx habыиob, cbя5ahhыe c oбcymдaeмoй тeмoй (VocabularJ
Deνelopment Actiνities), в koтopыx ввoдитcя и akтивиsиpyeтcя нoвaя
тemaтиueckaя лekcиka;
4) идиoмaтичecиий pa5дeл (DictionarJ Work. English Idioms and
Proνerbs), coдepжaщий идиomaтиueckиe eдиницы, oтнocящиecя k
тeme ypoka;
5) pa5дeл «NFpoboe мoдeлиpobahиe» (Drama), Эффekтивнo иc-
пoльsyemый для «oживлeния» maтepиaлa диaлoFoв и pasвития ycт-
нo-peueвыx ymeний в poлeвыx иFpax, cцeнapияx, интepвью, cocpe-
дoтoueнныx нa тeme ypoka и cтиmyлиpyющиx cтyдeнтoв k kpeaтив-
нoй дeятeльнocти;
б) pa5дeл «Mиcьмehhaя peчь», coдepжaщий pasлиuныe saдaния
(диkтaнт-пepeвoд, иsлoжeниe, пepeвoд тekcтa, uacтнoe дpyжeckoe
пиcьmo, Эcce, couинeниe и дp.), нaпpaвлeнныe kak нa koнтpoль yc-
вoeния тemaтиueckoй лekcиkи и co6людeния opфoFpaфиueckoй
нopmы, тak и нa pasвитиe yue6нoй и kommyниkaтивнoй пиcьmeн-
нoй peuи.
Bce ocнoвныe pasдeлы ypoka coдepжaт 6oFaтый яsыkoвoй maтe-
pиaл и дocтaтouнoe koлиuecтвo yпpaжнeний, нaпpaвлeнныx нa
фopmиpoвaниe, pasвитиe и sakpeплeниe ymeний и нaвыkoв kak mo-
нoлoFиueckoй, тak и диaлoFиueckoй peuи и пoлилoFa.
Pa6oтa нaд пepвoй uacтью yue6ниka paпpeдeлялacь cлeдyющиm
o6pasom.
Paspa6oтka ypoka 3, paspa6oтka uacти yпpaжнeний и saдaний
в ypokax l, 2, 4, 5, пoд6op дoпoлнитeльныx тekcтoв k ypokam 2,
3, 4, 5, cocтaвлeниe тemaтиueckoFo cлoвapя k ypoky 3, yuacтиe в
cocтaв- лeнии тemaтиueckoFo cлoвapя k дpyFиm ypokam,
opFaниsaция пpo- цecca cosдaния yue6ниka и o6щee meтoдиueckoe
pykoвoдcтвo, пoд- Foтoвka pykoпиcи k иsдaнию и aвтopckoe
peдakтиpoвaниe yue6ни- ka — C.N. KocтыFинa. Paspa6oтka
ypokoв l, 2, вkлюuaя пoд6op дo- пoлнитeльныx тekcтoв,
cocтaвлeниe тemaтиueckoFo cлoвapя k Этиm
6
ypokam, okasaниe пomoщи в peдakтиpoвaнии oтдeльныx фpaFmeн-
тoв яsыkoвoFo maтepиaлa — O. A. Бepesинa. Paspa6oтka ypoka 4,
пoд6op дoпoлнитeльныx тekcтoв, cocтaвлeниe тemaтиueckoFo cлo-
вapя k ypoky — Ю. A. Nвaнoвa. Paspa6oтka ypoka 5, пoд6op
дoпoл- нитeльныx тekcтoв и cocтaвлeниe тemaтиueckoFo cлoвapя k
ypoky — Л. B. Maпaнoвa.
Koллekтив aвтopoв выpaжaeт иckpeннюю 6лaFoдapнocть:
— saв. kaфeдpoй фoнeтиkи aнFлийckoFo яsыka PГMY иm. A.N.
Гep- цeнa дokтopy филoлoFиueckиx нayk, пpoфeccopy T.N.
Bopoнцoвoй — sa иckpeннюю пoддepжky пpoekтa;
— диpekтopy PycckoFo oтдeлeния Coвeтa пo meждyнapoдныm o6-
pasoвaтeльныm o6meнam пpoфeccopy kaфeдpы coвpemeнныx яsы-
koв и литepaтyp OkлeндckoFo yнивepcитeтa (PhD) H.Ф. ЛoнFaнy,
okasaвmemy нeoцeниmyю пomoщь в peдakтиpoвaнии yue6ниka;
— дoцeнтy B.A. Mиxaльuyk — sa okasaниe 6oльmoй koнcyльтa-
тивнoй пomoщи нa вcex Этaпax pa6oты нaд yue6ниkom, peдakтиpo-
вaниe фoнeтиueckиx pasдeлoв yue6ниka, a тakжe sa пpeдocтaвлeн-
ный яsыkoвoй maтepиaл k ypoky 3 (uacти l);
— MapFapeт Koллинs (AнFлия), kaндидaтy филoлoFиueckиx
нayk H. Л. ГoFoлицынoй (Бpиcтoльckий yнивepcитeт, AнFлия),
Bлaдиmиpy ГoFoлицынy (HoтинFemckий yнивepcитeт, AнFлия) —
sa пpeдocтaвлeнныe opиFинaльныe maтepиaлы и koнcyльтaции;
— дoцeнтam M.B. Лиceнko, Ю.M. Bыmeнckoй, E.A.
Cыcoeвoй, cтapmиm пpeпoдaвaтeляm T. N. Maйcтpeнko, E. M.
Шпилюk — sa пpeдocтaвлeнный яsыkoвoй maтepиaл; cтapmemy
пpeпoдaвaтeлю
A. M. Kapпoвoй, a тakжe вcem ocтaльныm koллeFam, пpeпoдaвaтe-
ляm kaфeдpы фoнeтиkи aнFлийckoFo яsыka, yuacтвoвaвmиm в o6-
cyждeнии koнцeпции и aпpo6aции yue6ниka и в тoй или инoй
mepe cпoco6cтвoвaвmиm cosдaнию нacтoящeFo иsдaния.

Aвmopы

7
Unit 1 FAMILY LIFE

Marriage is three parts loνe and

seνen parts forgiνeness of sins.
L. Mitchell

INTRODUCTORY READING AND TALK

As a human being you encounter different social groups throughout

your life. You meet new people all the time and everywhere,
beginning in the maternity ward, later in kindergarten, then at
school, and in university. Every social interaction entails meeting
people. Yet there is one social unit that stands out — the family, your
first social circle.
The family circle might include your parents, your grandparents,
and, of course, your sisters and brothers. Your mother is your first
teacher and supervisor. Your father is your first model, the person you
want to resemble in every possible way. He is strong and wise. Your
brother or sister is your first playmate. Your grandparents are your
first team, your supporters in every mischief. Later they will help you,
their only grandson or granddaughter, deal with the generation gap.
In larger families people might get in touch with one another more
often. The members of a family might gather at Christmas, or come
to reunions marking major events such as a child*s birth, an elder*s
death or a wedding. The reunions create a network of bonds. These
bonds guarantee that you are never alone, that when you face trouble
there will always be people to help you through an emotional or trying
time.
Memories of when you were a child are often the happiest.
Childhood was when adults used to take care of you, protect you, feed,
educate and entertain you. Parents, of course, usually cherish their
children. On the other hand, living with your parents is not always a
picnic since they are the ones that enforce discipline in the home. They
decide what your family duties, your chores, will be, and not doing them
might get you punished.
If you are the only child in the family you might get spoiled, but
you are sure to be adored by the grown-ups. If you have brothers or
sisters you are likely to grow up good-natured and generous, able to
communicate and cooperate. On the other hand, sometimes you may
struggle through turf wars or be filled with pangs of egotism or
jealousy. There may be periods of complete misunderstanding or even
hatred.
 Then as a teenager, you begin to think that you are, generally
speaking, a genius, if perhaps a misunderstood one. You start developing

8
your own values, which are frequently quite the opposite from what your
parents have taught you. On the one hand, challenging society's morals
becomes your favourite sport. On the other hand, you strive to gain
society's respect as a mature adult, able to control your own life.
Your parents probably see things differently. Their position will be that
you remain an obedient child, they may insist that you “show your
good breeding” by behaving yourself.
You might, of course, protest and demand they accept the fact that
you are trying to develop your own way of life. And yet, there is
another possibility. Your parents could be wise enough not to interfere
with your privacy, and simply guide you gently. If this is the case, you
may, in fact, avoid most generation gap problems. There is still one
other variation on this theme. Your parents might not care. That is the
most aggravating of all. Gradually you grow into an adult. You take
responsibility for a family of your own. You have a spouse, a husband or
a wife; you have children, to say nothing of pets. It all starts very
romantically. You see a boy or a girl and realise that you are made for
each other. This person is perfection itself for you; you don't want to hear
about his or her drawbacks. You, it appears, have fallen in love with
this person. So you decide to take the risk and ask her or him on a
date. You don't know if he or she will accept your invitation when
you ask this person out for the first time. And there's also the question,
“should a girl ask a boy out for the first time?” Changing patterns of
courtship make it easier nowadays, so the answer may be “yes!” The
dreaded minute comes. You ask your beloved out. If you're refused
there is no one more aggrieved than you. If she or he agrees to come —
life
couldn't be better! This is mJ girlfriend! This is mJ boJfriend!
After a considerable amount of time, dating, going out together —
parties, romantic evenings together, [In Western countries —
Valentine cards], flowers and heart-shaped boxes of chocolates — you
think you may be happy together and you start to think seriously
about getting married. Some people marry for money, some for fun,
some — believe it or not — for spite. Most people, however, get
married for love. You belong in this group, don't you?
One day you decide to propose to your girlfriend — proposing
marriage is one of the few remaining spheres where men still tend to
take the initiative. Hurray!l Your proposal is accepted. Your relatives
might try to talk you out of getting married right now. They may advise
you to think the matter over at greater length. Afterwards, with your
parents* full blessing and consent, you name the day of your engagement.
The bride-to-be is happy to wear an engagement ring. Now you
can introduce her to your friend as “my fiancée”. The whole
neighbourhood will be gossiping about whether you are marrying for
money or if it is a love match. People will be wondering if the parents of
the bride are giving a good dowry or if all she has are her good looks and
a heart of gold.
l
Hurray! [hυ'rei] — Ypa!

9
 Then you fix the day of your wedding. Fortunately, your relatives and
prospective in-laws, i.e. your mother-in-law, father-in-law, brother-in-
law, sister-in-law, and so on, take an active part in the preparations for
your wedding.
At last your parents, grandparents and sometimes your great-
grandparents, aunties, uncles, nieces, nephews, close friends and all your
soon-to-be-in-laws, and, of course, you and your beloved, now the
bridegroom and bride, along with the best man and bridesmaid, go to
church for the wedding service. [Traditionally, in Britain the bride, clad in
a wedding frock and veil and escorted by her father, enters the church
after all the guests have gathered. The bridegroom, in morning dressl,
waits with the best man near the altar.] The clergyman joins both of you
in matrimony. The groom slips the wedding ring on the ring finger of his
bride, and then the bride slips the wedding ring on the ring finger of
her groom. Marriages are made in heaven indeed! In a church ceremony
the clergyman pronounces you “man and wife”, and you kiss. Then
you leave the church, nodding at the smiling people and accepting
their congratulations. By the way, in Britain there is also an old
custom of pelting the newlyweds with confetti for good luck. If you
don't want to marry in a religious ceremony, you might have a modest
party and go to the registry office to marry in a civil ceremony instead.
While the guests are enjoying themselves dancing, drinking cham-
pagne and eating the wedding cake, you, now the happy newly married
couple, take leave of them and depart on your honeymoon trip to start
your family life.
Your love for each other grows stronger every day and you ardently
start to wish for a child. And you cry with joy when you learn you are
expecting a baby. Thank God! In due time your first born comes into the
world, and a new life of disposable nappies (Pampers or Huggies) and
sleepless nights begins. But the sight of your gurgling tiny baby touches
your heart and fills you with profound tenderness and love like you've
never felt before.
Time flies. Your child grows, and you take your son or daughter to
kindergarten, then to school where you attend parents* meetings.
One fine day your offspring grows up and tells you that he or she
has met an ideal person to marry. When you say marriage is not just
having a shared household, your determined babJ says you are old-
fashioned. Now you think that your little boJ is too good for this sad flirt 2
or that this young man is not a perfect match for your little girl. Now it's
your turn to ask the young people to think the matter over and not rush
into marriage. They, of course, assure you that their only wish is to
become one because they do, indeed, truly love each other. You have
little choice but bless them. Life goes on!

l
morning dress — in Britain worn by men: a top hat, a tie, a grey tall coat, a waist-
coat, striped trousers and black shoes.
2
sad flirt — жaлkaя kokeтka.
10
 ♦ POST-READING ACTIVITIES

1. Be ready to speak about your family. You may bring your family photo album in
order to illustrate your story.
k. W o r k i n p a i r s.
Get as much information about your friend*s family as possible. Try your hand
at drawing and present your classmates a picture of your friend*s genealogical
tree and a story about his / her family. Use the model-tree on p. 30.
3. W o r k i n p a i r s.
Imagine that your cousin seven times removed has come to St. Petersburg
to enter the University. Your purpose is to find out what relation you are
to one another. Use the sentences listed below as models.
l. How are you related to my grandparents?
2. What relation are you to my family / my father?
3. How is your sister related to my cousin?
4. She says she is related to my grandmother.
5. I am a distant relation of
yours. б. He is a near relation of
mine.
7. We are related through my mother's marriage.
8. She is a relation by marriage.
9. We are related by birth.
l0.He and I are not related.
ll.They are remotely related.
4. One of the students chooses a well-known person, either living or dead
(e.g., one of the members of the British Royal Family), and studies his or her
biography. The other students try to discover the identity of this person by
asking general questions about the person*s marital status and family life.
5. What is your idea of a family?
Use the topical vocabulary of the Introductory Text.

READING FOR DETAILED COMPREHENSION

♦ PRE-READING TASKS

1. Read the following proper names.

Bangkok [bæŋ'kɒk]
Belgian ['bel ən]
Café de la Paix ['kæfei də lə 'pe]
Figaro ['fIgərəu]
ll
 Geneva [ ə'n və]
Juno [' nəu]
Minerva [mI'n3:və]
Neapolitan [niə'pɒlitən]
Venus ['v nəs]

k. Read the following words and phrases.

a)
 advertisement [əd'v3:tIsmənt]
acquaintance [ə'kweIntəns]
anniversary [ æni'v3:səri]
avalanche ['ævəlɑ:n ]
cousin ['knzn]
honour ['ɒnə]
marriage of convenience ['mærI əv kən'v niəns]
passion ['pæʃən]
 accompany [ə'knmpəni]
 adorable [ə'd rəbl]
anxious ['æŋkʃəs]
bushy ['buʃi]
diminutive [dI'mInjətiv]
essential [I'senʃəl]
robust [rəu'bnst]

b)
 boulevard ['b ləvɑ:d]
colonel ['k3:nl]
exile ['eksail]
lunatic ['l nətik]
official [ə'fIʃəl]
predecessor ['pr dIsesə]
proprietor [prə'praiətə]
respectability [rI spektə'bIləti]
tenor ['tenə]
vivacity [vI'væsəti]

12
  argue ['ɑ:gj ]
deny [dI'nai]
expostulate [Ik'spɒs əleIt]
withdraw [wIð'dr ]
 absurd [əb's3:d]
hideous ['hIdiəs]
outrageous [ aut'reI əs]

TE XT

Read and translate the text. Use the Vocabulary Notes (see Appendix I, p. 244 ).

A Marriage of Convenience
(StorJ bJ W.S. Maugham. Abridged)

I left Bangkok on a shabby little ship. I had gone on board early in

the morning and soon discovered that I was thrown amid the oddest
collection of persons I had ever encountered. There were two French
traders and a Belgian colonel, an Italian tenor, the American
proprietor of a circus with his wife, and a retired French official with
his.
The French official was evidently a person of consequence (1). I
had heard the captain address him as Monsieur le Gouverneurl.
Monsieur le Gouverneur was a little man, well below the average
height, and smally made, with a very ugly little face; he had a bushy
grey head, bushy grey eyebrows, and a bushy grey moustache. He did look
like a poodle (k) and he had the poodle's soft, intelligent and shinning
eyes.
The Governor's wife was a large woman, tall and of a robust build.
She towered over her diminutive husband like a skyscraper over a shack.
He talked incessantly, with vivacity and wit, and when he said
anything amusing her heavy features relaxed into a large fond smile.
In such a small ship having once made the acquaintance of my
fellow passengers, it would have been impossible, even had I wished
it, not to pass with them every moment of the day that I was not in my
cabin.
Talking of one thing or another we watched the day decline, and then
we sat out again on the deck under the stars. Soon, influenced perhaps
by the night, the Italian tenor, accompanying himself on his guitar began
to sing the Neapolitan songs.

l
Monsieur le Gouverneur [məs'j3: lə gυvə'n3:] — фpaнy. Focпoдин Fy6epнaтop.
13
 I saw that the little French Governor had been holding the hand of
his large wife and the sight was absurd and touching.
‘Do you know that this is the anniversary of the day on which I first
saw my wife?' he said, suddenly breaking the silence. ‘It is also the
anniversary of the day on which she promised to be my wife. And
which will surprise you, they were one and the same.'
‘You see, ours was a marriage of convenience pure and simple (3)'.
‘C'est vrai,'l said the lady. ‘But sometimes love comes after
marriage
and not before, and then it is better. It lasts longer.'
‘You see, I had been in the navy, and when I retired I was forty-
nine. I was strong and active and I was very anxious to find an
occupation. And presently I was sent for by the minister to the
Colonies and offered the post of Governor in a certain colony. The
minister told me that I must be ready to start in a month. I told him
that would be easy for an old bachelor.'
‘You are a bachelor?'
‘Certainly,' I
answered.
‘In that case I am afraid I must withdraw my offer. For this position
it is essential that you should be married.'
‘It is too long a story to tell you, but the gist of it was that owing to
the scandal my predecessor had caused, it had been decided that the
next Governor must be a model of respectability. I expostulated. I
argued. Nothing would serve. The minister was adamant.'
‘Well, think it over,' said the minister, ‘If you can find a wife in a
month you can go, but no wife no job.'
I walked away from the ministry with death in my heart (4). Suddenly
I made up my mind (5). I walked to the offices of the Figaro2,
composed an advertisement, and handed it in for insertion. You will
never believe it, but I had four thousand three hundred and seventy-two
replies. It was an avalanche. It was hopeless, I had less than a month
now and I could not see over four thousand aspirants to my hand in that
time. I gave it up as a bad job (6). I went out of my room hideous with all
those photographs and littered papers and to drive care away (7) went on
to the boulevard and sat down at the Café de la Paix. After a time I saw
a friend passing. My friend stopped and coming up to me sat down.
‘What is making you look so glum?' he asked me.
I was glad to have someone in whom I could confide my troubles
and told him the whole story. He laughed. Controlling his mirth as best
he could, he said to me: ‘But, my dear fellow, do you really want to
marry?' At this I entirely lost my temper (8).
‘You are completely idiotic,' I said. ‘If I didn't want to marry, do
you imagine that I should have spent three days reading love letters
from women I have never set eyes on? (9)'

l
C'est vrai. [se: 'vre:] — фpaнy. Eтo пpaвдa.
2
Figaro — фpaнy. «ФиFapo» (нasвaниe Faseты).
l4
 ‘Calm yourself and listen to me,' he replied. ‘I have a cousin who
lives in Geneva. Her morals are without reproach, she is of a suitable
age, a spinster, for she has spent the last fifteen years nursing an
invalid mother who has lately died, she is well educated and she is not
ugly.'
‘There is one thing you forget. What inducement would there be
for her to give up her accustomed life to accompany in exile a man of
forty- nine who is by no means a beauty?'
When I made this remark to my friend he replied: ‘One can never
tell with women (10). There is something about marriage that
wonderfully attracts them. There would be no harm in asking her.'
‘But I do not know your cousin and I don't see how I am to make her
acquaintance.'
‘I will tell you what to do.' said my friend. ‘Go to Geneva and take
her a box of chocolates from me. You can have a little talk and then if
you do not like the look of her you take your leave and no harm is
done.' That night I took the train to Geneva. No sooner had I arrived
than I sent her a letter to say that I was the bearer of a gift from her
cousin. Within an hour I received her reply to the effect that she
would be pleased to receive me at four o'clock in the afternoon. As
the clock struck four I presented myself at the door of her house. She
was waiting for me. Imagine my surprise to see a young woman with
the dignity of Junol, the features of Venus2, and in her expression the
intelligence of Minerva3. I was so taken aback that I nearly
dropped the box of
chocolates. We talked for a quarter of an hour. And then I said to her.
‘Mademoiselle4, I must tell you that I did not come here merely
to
give you a box of chocolates. I came to ask you to do me the honour of
marrying me'.
She gave a start (11).
‘But, monsieur, you are mad,' she
said. Then I repeated my offer.
‘I will not deny that your offer has come as a surprise. I had not
thought of marrying, I have passed the age. I must consult my
friends and my family.'
‘What have they got to do with it? You are of full age. The matter
is pressing. I cannot wait.'
‘You are not asking me to say yes or no this very minute? That is
outrageous.'
‘That is exactly what I am asking.'
‘You are quite evidently a lunatic.'
‘Well, which is to be?' I said. ‘Yes or no?'
l
Juno — Юнoнa (pиmckaя 6oFиня cemeйнoFo ouaFa, пokpoвитeльницa 6paka и
cemьи).
2
Venus — Beнepa (pиmckaя 6oFиня лю6ви и kpacoты).
3
Minerva — Mинepвa (pиmckaя 6oFиня myдpocти).
4
Mademoiselle [.mædəmə'zel] — фpaнy. maдmyaseль (o6paщeниe k дeвymke или
нesamyжнeй жeнщинe вo Фpaнции).

l5
 She shrugged her shoulders. She waited a minute and I was on
tenterhooks (1k).
‘Yes.'
And there she is. We were married in a fortnight and I became
Governor of colony. ‘I married a jewel, my dear sirs, one in a thousand.'
He turned to the Belgian colonel.
‘Are you a bachelor? If so I strongly recommend you to go to Geneva.
It is a nest of the most adorable
women.' It was she who summed up
the story.
‘The fact is that in a marriage of convenience you expect less and
so you are less likely to be disappointed. Passion is all very well, but is
not a proper foundation for marriage (13). For two people to be happy
in marriage they must be able to respect one another, and their
interests must be alike; then if they are decent people and are willing
to give and take, to live and let live, there is no reason why their union
should not be as happy as ours.' She paused. ‘But, of course, my
husband is a very remarkable man.'

♦ COMPREHENSION CHECK TASKS

 Choose the correct answer to the following questions.

l. What kind of people were there on board a ship?
a) There were two French traders and a Belgian colonel, an
Italian tenor, the American proprietor of a circus with his
wife, and a retired French official with his.
b) There were three Italian merchants, a French actress and
a Russian landlord with his daughter.

2. What made the narrator think that the Governor was a person of
consequence?
a) He had the real Italian voice, and he sang the Neapolitan songs.
b) The narrator had heard the captain address the Governor as
Monsieur le Gouverneur.

3. Was the Governor a good-looking man?

a) Yes, he was. He was a tall man of a robust build, with a
handsome intelligent face.
b) No, he was not. The Governor was a little man, well below
the average height, and smally made, with a very ugly little
face; he had a bushy grey head, bushy grey eyebrows, and a
bushy grey moustache.

4. What made the Governor tell the story of his marriage?

a) The narrator asked him about it.
l6
 b) That day was the anniversary of the day on which the
Governor and his wife first met as well as the anniversary of
the day on which she had promised to be the wife of the
Governor.

5. Why did the minister insist on the Governor's marriage?

a) The minister just wanted him to give up his life of an old
bachelor.
b) Owing to the scandal the previous Governor had caused it had
been decided that the next Governor must be a model of
respectability.

 Choose the question appropriate to the text and answer it.

l. a) The Governor walked to the offices of the Figaro and handed
an advertisement in for insertion, didn't he?
b) The Governor walked to the offices of an acquaintance
service, didn't he?

2. a) Did the Governor get four thousand three hundred and

seventy-two replies?
b) Was the Governor going to reply the letters or to phone all the
aspirants to his hand?

3. a) The Governor was absolutely happy with all those photographs

and littered papers, wasn't he?
b) Did the Governor give up seeing over all the aspirants to his
hand as a bad job or did he make up his mind to see all of
them?

4. a) Did the Governor meet his friend in whom he could confide all
his troubles at the Café de la Paix?
b) Did the Governor meet his ex-friend at the cinema?

5. a) What advice did the Governor's friend give him?

b) Did the Governor's friend tell him the story of his marriage?

б. a) The Governor did not agree to follow his friend's advice and to
go to Geneva to make acquaintance, did he?
b) The Governor did not believe his friend when he told him
about his family life, did he?

7. a) How did the Governor characterise his friend's cousin?

b) Was the Governor to take a posy of flowers to one of four
aspirants to his hand?

8. a) Was the Governor not taken aback when he saw a strange man
who also wanted to make the girl's acquaintance?
l7
 b) Why was the Governor greatly surprised to see his friend's
cousin?

 Answer the following questions.

l. How did the cousin of the Governor's friend react to the proposal?
2. Did the Governor persist or did he put up with the refusal?
3. Did the Swiss cousin do the Governor the honour of marrying
him?
4. What was the Governor's attitude to his wife?
5. Where did the Governor recommend the Belgian colonel find his
potential wife? Why?
б. What did the Governor's wife think of a marriage of convenience,
and what was a proper foundation for marriage, in her opinion?

♦ TEXT-BASED ACTIVITIES

1. Choose the topical vocabulary (EamilJ Life): nouns, noun phrases, verbs,
verb phrases, adjectives used in the text.

a) the nouns and noun phrases denoting family relations, realities of

courting, feelings and emotions:
anniversary; an aspirant to one's hand; bachelor; a box of chocolates;
a bushy grey moustache; cousin; every moment of the day; the features of
Venus; heavy features; inducement; the intelligence of Minerva; interests;
an invalid mother; an Italian tenor; a little man; love; love letter; lunatic;
a marriage of convenience pure and simple; a model of respectability;
morals; of a robust build; of a suitable age; offer; the oddest collection of
persons; on a shabby little ship; owing to the scandal; passion; a person of
consequence; predecessor; a proper foundation for marriage; spinster; too
long a story; union; a very remarkable man; well below the average
height; wife; with the dignity of Juno
b) the verbs and verb phrases referring to the way of seeking one*s
better half:
address sb; argue; ask sb to say yes or no; attract women wonderfully
(about a marriage); be a beauty; be disappointed; be in one's cabin;
be happy in marriage; be of a suitable age; be of full age; be one and
the same; be one in a thousand; be on tenterhooks; be taken aback;
be without reproach; break the silence; come after marriage; come
as a surprise; compose an advertisement; confide one's troubles in sb;
consult one's friends and family; control one's mirth; do one the
honour of marrying him; drive care away; encounter sb; find an
occupation; find a wife in a month; give sth up as a bad job; give up one's
accustomed life; have a little talk; hold the hand of sb; last longer (about
a marriage); like
18
the look of sb; live and let live; look like a poodle; lose one's temper;
make acquaintance of sb; make a remark to sb; make one's
acquaintance; marry a jewel; not to think of marrying; nurse an
invalid mother; pass the age; promise to be one's wife; receive sb;
recommend sb to do; relax into a large fond smile; respect one
another; send sb a letter; set eyes on sb; spend three days, reading
love letters; surprise sb; talk incessantly; tower over sb like a skyscraper
over a shack; walk to the offices of the Figaro; watch the day decline;
withdraw one's offer
c) the adjectives describing feelings and emotions or characterising the
protagonists of the story:
absurd; adorable; anxious; average; bushy; decent; diminutive;
essential; grey; happy; hideous; hopeless; idiotic; impossible; intelligent;
outrageous; pressing; pure and simple; shabby; strong and active;
soft; tall; touching; ugly
k. Make a list of the topical vocabulary (EamilJ Life) used in the text. Arrange the
words and phrases in alphabetical order.

A B
C

3. Match the words and phrases on the left with their meaning on the right.

a)
l. anniversary of one's A. an unmarried man
marriage
2. (an) aspirant to one's B. the man to whom a woman is
hand married
3. bachelor C. the woman to whom a man is
married
4. cousin D. a written love message
5. husband E. a legal union of a man and a woman
as husband and wife
б. (a) love letter F. a person who tries to get a
position of a married one
7. (a) marriage of G. a woman who remains single after
convenience the conventional age of marrying
8. spinster H. yearly return of the date of sb's
wedding

l9