Poccuiickoe 1topuquyeckoe o6pa30BaHHe C.B. Bacumsesa, B.A. Bunorpazos, B.J]. Masaep KoHcTHTyMOHHOe TIPABO POCCHM “Yae6uux 2-e w3qaHHe, TlepepabotTaHHoe UW AONomHeHHOe PexomeHzosaHo YueOHo-MeTosM4eckuM o6beqMHeHieM 110 10pHyAWeCKoMy O6pa30BaHMI0 BLICIIMX YYeOHEIX 3aBeJeHUit B KavecTBe yueOHUKa JIA CTY[eHTOB BbICIUMX yIeOHEIX 3aBeyeHuit, o6yralolxca To HallpaBrenuio Opucnpyzenuna> ¥ ChlelMambHocra «IOpucnpyneniaa>YAK 342.4 BBK 67.400a7 . . oo . B19 . . O6 astopax: Bacunbesa CaeTnava BuKToposHa — Kavi. Opp. Hayk, AOUCHT kacpespbl KOHCTUTYLIMOH- Horo MW MyHMuMNanbHoro pasa TocygapcTBeHHoro yHuBepcuTeTa — Beicwe WKONbI 5KOHOMMKH NIpH MpaBuMTensctee PO, AsTop Gonee 50 HayY4Hbix u yueOHO- MeTORM4eCKIx pa6or. Bunorpanoe Bani AnexcaHaposu4 — A-p ropun. Hayk, npodeccop, saaenyiouwni kacben- POM KOHCTMTYUMOHHOFO MW MyHAUNanbHoro Npasa PoccuiicKo npasosoi akagemun Muunctepcrea loctmyn P®, npodbeccop FocygapcTseHHoro yHuBepcuTeTa — Beicwan Wwkona 3koHOMMKu npu NpasvTensctee PO, uneH SkcneptHoro coBeTa KomuTera CoBe- ta Depepauwu no penam Denepaunn uv peruoHanbHor nonuTku. ABTOp Gonee 80 Ha- yuHbIx 4 y4eOHO-MeToRueckux pabor. Ma3aes Bnagumup Amutpnesny — A-p iopin, Hayk, Npodeccop KacbeApbl KOHCTUTYUNOH- HOTO W MyHiiuHnanbHoro npaea TocynapcreeHHoro yHieepcuTeTa — BeicuelA LuKoNb! 3KOHOMMKH NpH MpaBvenbcrBe PO. Astop Gonee 90 Hay4Hbix y4e6Ho-MeTOAMYeCKMX pa6or. PexomenjosaHo x ony6nuKopaHiio Yuerbim copeTom bakynbTeTa mpasa TocygapcreeHHoro yHuBepcuTera — Bolcwevt wKonbl IKOHOMIIKH U4 YueHbIM CoBeTOM Poccutickori npasosov akagemnn Munincrepcrea ocraynn PO Visnarine noprorosneno ¢ ucnonb3oBaHiiem maTep“anos ChpaBouHo” NpasoBon CUCTeMbI “KOHCynbTaHTT NOC» aS, 7 Bacunvesa C. B. : ° B19 KoxcTuTyyMoHHoe npaBo Poccuu : y¥e6HuK. — 2-e 132... nepepab. u gon. / C. B, Bacunbesa, B. A. Buxorpagos, B. 0. Mazaes. — M. : Skcmo, 2011. — 560 c. — (Poccuiickoe lopuguueckoe o6pa3zoBaHve) Bo Bropom vagaHin yue6unka Bonpoce! CoBpeMeHHOrO KOHCTHATYUMOHHOr npasa PoccMA packpbtTel € y4eTOM HOBeHUIMX NonoxeHIA Hayku 4 NocnenHUX vaMeHeHIlt KONCTUTYUMM 1 KOHCTMTYLMOHHOFO 3aKOHOAATENLCTEA. ‘AgTopaMtn npeAcTaBfeHbl OCHOBHBIe NOHATIAA, OcHOBE! TeOpHiM 4 Gas0BbIe MACTUTYTEI KO} uTyunontoro npasa occ B CooTaeTCTaHN CTPaRMUMOHHeIM NOBXOAOM K VsOxeHHIO 3TOlA ANcuMNAHtL. Op/rnanbHaa MeToRMKa BbideneHAR BaxHEMWHX NoNoxeHHA B Ble OTANI Huix py6puik nossonser Gonee npocTo u MOCTYNHO BOCNPHHUMATE VaNOXxeHNe MaTepHana. Yue6HUk noproToBneH 8 CoOTBeTCTAMN ¢ ToCymAPCTBeHHEIM OOpazOBarenIsHbIM CTaHAap- Tom abiculero npobeccioHanbHoro o6paz0BaHina No yuebHOMy KyPCy «KOHCTIATyUMOHHOE Npa- 80 Poca. VipaHne anpecoaako 8 nepsylo oNepefb CTyAeHTaM, acnupaHTam w npenopasarenaM lopwmuveckinx By30 1 akynbTeTOB, a TaKKe MOXeT 6bITb MHTePECHO NONMTONOTaM, 3KOHOM- clam, cneumanuicram 8 cibepe rocyfapcTBeHHOTO M MyHMAyMNanbHoro ynpaBneHuA. YAK 342.4 BBK 67.40087 © Bacunvesa C.B., BuHorpanos B.A., Masaes B.A, 2010 ISBN 978-5-699-42499-3 © Ocopmnenne. OOO «Maparenscrao «Kem», 2010 . OPIABIEHHE Taaca 1. Koucrutyunonnoe npazo: orpacap npana, Hayka M yye6uas AMcuMMMHa. HctounnKn KOHCTHTYHHOHHOTO mpapa Sa 9 1.1. Koncruryynonuoe npaso kak orpacitb pocculickoro mpaBa. TIpeqmer u Merog KOHCTHTyUMOHHOTO MpaBa. KoncrutyuHonnoe u rocytapcrsennoe rpaBo: OUeHKa TCPMHHOB .. 2... 2. ee 9 1.2. Koncrutyunonno-npasospie HOpMst: Kaccnukauna, ocobentocTH comeprKaHus H CTPyKTypBE ... 2.2... 23 1.3. Koxcrutyunonno-npasospie orHomenns. Oco6exnoctu cy6bexros u o6beKTOB So : KOHCTHTYWHOHHO-MpaBOBbIx OTHOMEHHH 2.2... 29 1.4. Mecro u poab konctuTyuHoHHoro npaBa B CHCTeMe npapa Poccniicxolt Denepauwn ............ 33, 1.5. Koncrutyunonvoe npazo kak HayKa u kak yue6Has sat Aucummuinua. Tonsrue 1 npenmer HayKu KOHCTHTYMHOHHOTO npaba.... 2... 35 1.6. Ucrounnkn koncruryyuonnoro npasa Poccuiickoti Denepaun. 2. 37 Tnaea 2. Koucrwtyynonannsm 4 KOHCTHTYWHOHHBI CTpoii. Koucrutyunounoe pasputue Pocewm......... 2.2... 46 2.1. Ucropmueckue npennocbinku KoncruTyunu .. . - 46 2.2. Koxucraryynonasiu3m 4 koucrutyuMonntit crpolt..... 47 2.3. Coorromerne nouarnit: koucTHTyuMonat13M, KOHCTHTYUMOHHbIi CTpoit, KONCTHTYUMOHHOCTS, KOHCTHTYQHOHHAS 3aKOHHOCTh . 2... ee St 2.4. Koucruryymonnoe passutue Poccuu (eparKuit HcTOpH4eckHii O630p) .. . . 52 2.5. Koucrityynonbie pecopmer 8 Poccniickoii Dexepaunn 1988—1993 rr. (nepexoyubiii nepHoa) ............ 63 2.6. Paspa6orka u mpanatue Koucrutryyua Poccuiickoii Denepaunt ... 2.2.2... 67 Faaea 3, Koucratywna Poccuiicxoii Wenepaum .............. 73 3.1. Tlonatue u xapaxrepupie npusnakn Koncrutynan Poccuiicxoit Denepaumn ............0000. 73 3.2. Cyuniocrs u bynkunu Korcraryuun o Poccniickoii Denepauwu .... 2... ee 75 33. Buaw koncrtywuan ... veteeeee eee 82Koncmumyyuonnoe npaso Poccuu Ozaaenenue 3.4, lOpuanueckne colicrsa 4 crpyktypa Koncrutyuun 6.5. Octosrte aTanbi 3BOMOUMM KOHCTATYUHOHHBIX OCHOB Poccuiicxolt Demepaunn . 2.6... ee eee ween 85 SKOHOMHNECKO! CHCTeEMBI ... 2... . see eee 195 3.5. [leiicrsue u peannsauna Koncrutyunn Poccniickoit 6.6. Xapakrepupre rexjenunn pasBuTua konicruTynnonmerx Wegepaun. eee weeeeaee. OF OCHOB SKOHOMHYeCKOII CHCTeMBI.... 2... .... 197 3.6. Tlopanox mepecmorpa Koneruryumt PocenticKoit Tnasa7. Koucruryyus 1 mnocre. Ocuossi npaponoro nor0xKeHHsA @enepauu 4 BHeceHMa B Hee MOnpaBoK M uaMeHeHHit ... 94 amunocrn B Poccniicxoli Denepaumn................ 205 3.7. Koxcrutryuna Poccuiicxolt Dexepannn 7.1. Tlonatue u coctas KoHcTuTytHOHHO-npaBoBoro BcucTeme poccuiickoro npapa .........+...--+- 98 craryca am4noctu B Poccuiicxoit Denepauuu........ 205 Taaea 4, Koucruryuuonno-npasonas ornercrsennocth .........- 100 7.2. Korcrutyumonnsili cratyc nmunocra 4.4, Koricratynonno-npapopas OTBeTCTBeHHOCTS . 8 Pocculickoli Denepauun. Yunwepcanbuas KoHUeMAHA Kak BHA IOpHaAMuecKoll OTBETCTBeEHHOCTH, ee MeCTO & 73 pap u e008 HENOBEKA ©... ee 207 BCHCTeMe MHCTHTYTOB KOHCTHTYUMOHHOrO papa. ..... 100 J. LIPHHUHMbI OCHOB MpaBoBoro CTaTyca AMYHOCTH wee 213 4.2, OcHosatina KoHCTHTyUMOHHO-MpaBoBolt . 74. Tpaxknavicrso: novaTue, ocHoBHbIe NpUHUHMbI, OTBETCTBEHHOCTH 2.2... eee eee eee eee 105 we Se eon i yTpatsr. Cucrema - i HOB, 3aHMMAalOUNXCa “ 43. Cy6neseres xonoTiryiwosHo-mpasopof cece eee es 119 a BOMpocaMH rparxkaHCTBA. 2... ee ee eee. 218 494 Lh 7.5. Tlpaposoe novorxerite mHoctpanHblx rpaxzan KorcrwTyuMoHHo-mpaposble caHKUMH 2... se won 6es rparKmancTBa oe. eee ee ee eee ees 225 Tlpoueaypb! ocyulecraieHus KONCTHTYLMOHHO™ npaBovoi ne 7.6. Tipaponoii cratyc 6exkeHues 1 BLIHY2KeHHBIX . orercrBennoctH. KoHcTHTyuMOHHO-MpaBoBble . mepecesenues. Nommtnueckoe y6exuute. Mpasozoii MMMYHHTETBI.. 2... pet ee es s+ 132 CTaTYC KOPCHHbIX MaJIOUMCCHHbIX HAPOMOB .......... 227 Tnasa5. Ocnospi kouctutyunonnoro crpos Poccniicxoi Denepauyn — Oks 7.7. Tlouatne n cucrema KOHCTHTYUMOHHBIX Mcxoguble Havana yeTpolicraa oOmectBa Hrocymapersa .... 138 . mpas u cpo6og. Konctutyunonnpie o6sagannocru ...... 234 5.1. Koncrutyynonnprit crpolt. OchosHpre npHHuHnbt 7 7.8. Tapantun 1 sauuta KoncrHTyuHOHHIX mpaB KOHCTUTYUMOHHOTO crpoa Poccuiickot Degepamnn .... 138 . ncpoboy . 2... ee wee eee ween eee 237 we 5.2. KoucTuTyuHoHnbie xapakTepucrmKn Tnaca8. eneparupuoe yerpolictso.............. 2.00020. 246 : Poccniickoit Degepaund ...------- sees 148 8.1. TMonatue 4 dbopmsi rocynapcrsenHo-TeppuTopHanbHoro a 5.3, KoncrutyuHoHio-mpaBoBble OCHOBbI IOJMTHYECKHX, . yerpolicrpa.. ee eee ee eee ee 246 ob _. SKOHOMHYECKHX, COMMAJIDHBIX H YXOBHO-KyibTyPHbIX 8.2. Tpunuunbr cospementoii Mogenn cbexepaTuBxoro a oOmlecrBeHHbIx OTHOMeHMI B PocculicKoit ycrpoiicrpa Poccniickoit Dexepauun. @enepaunn .. wees bee ee eee eee ee 154 one Coorxomenie cbenepanbroro saxonogatesbcrBa 5.4, Tlpeacrapurenbuas 4 HenocpemcTBeHiad eMoKpaTHa. SB 2" 3aKoHOjaTebeTBa CyObeKTOB @opmbi NenocpencTBeHHoli WemokpaTuH ....-.....~. 159 Poccuiicxoit Denepautin oo... ee eee eee ee eee 248 5.5. KoncrutryMonno-npaposbie OCHOBBI pasBuTHA Be. 8.3. Koncratynnonno-npasosoii craryc PoccuticKolt rpaxkarckoro o6ujectBa: OcHOBHbIe MHCTHTyTH ...... 170 ; enepauun kak benepatuBuoro rocynaperpa......... 255 Taasa 6. Koucruryuua u oxonomuueckas cuctema ...........-- 177 we 8.4. Cocras Poccuiicxoit Denepaunn. KoncrutynMonno- 6.1. Koxcruryyuontoe perynmpopalive 9KOHOMHKH - , ee npaposoli craryc cyOvexros PoccuiicKoli Denepannu . .. 260 Kak HeOGXOAHIMOe YCOBHe YCrewHOTO pasBHTHs 85, Pasrpanmuenne mpeuMeTos BeweHHAa H nomOMOMiL : coppementioro oGulecTBa. 2... 2. beeen 177 £ BPanax Poceuticxoit Dexepannu. : 6.2. Tlonatie 1 comep2kaHve KOHCTHTYUMOHHBIX OCHOB ate; lhe eocen Banaue Pocculicxoii Dexepanun SKOHOMMYeCKOI CHCTeMBI....... cv oeeeeeeee .. 479 H cy6pexros Poccniicxoit Dexepawun, Hx yyactue : 6.3. Koxcruryuna u co6cTBenHocts. BMemax Apyr apyra ..-. 2... ee ee eee ee 273 Dopo cobcrBennoctH ... 6... Lecce eee 183 Taasa 9. VaGupatenpnoe npano w ua6upaterbiaa cucrema a 6.4. KoxcruryynonHo-npasosbie npHHuMnbl perymMpoBanns B Poccuiicxott Denepaumm .... 2.2.2... 285 Bs SKOHOMMYCCKHX OTHOWEHMH 2... 2. wees es 189 & 9.1. Hapogtoe mpezcrasutenetso u BbiGoppr .......... 285Koucmumyyuonnoe npago Poccuu Iaaea 11. et al Taaea 12. 9.2, Tlonarne us6upaTerbuoro npasa M H36MpaTeNbHO! CHCTEMBL. ©... ee ee 287 9.3. Ipwnuunst us6upatenbHoro mpapa i « Poccuticxot Denepaunt . 2... ee eee 295 9.4. Toxartue u otanpi u36upatestbroro mpoyecca 8 Poccuiicxoit Deepa we. 802 9.5. Oco6erHoctu nposexenua cenepatbHbix BEIGOpOR. . . . - 314 TIpeaugent Poccniicxoii Degepannn 321 10.1. MonuTuko-npasosad MpHposa riaBbl rocyzapcTBa B COBpeMenubIX CTpanax. CralopmeHue HHCTHTYTA mmpesugertcrsa B PoccuiicKoti Denepaunn........-- 321 10.2, Topayox BeiGopos x BcTynenHa B ZomxHocTS Mpesusenta Poccuiicxoit Dexepaunu. Cumeoubl mpesHszenTcKolt BracTa 10.3. Mecto mt pomp rmaBbi rocyfapcrpa B CHCTeMe OpraHoB rocyfapcerBeHHoii BractH. Tonnomouns Ipesnzenta Poccniickoit Denepaunn 10.4. OcHoBaHua 4 NopaxoK AOcpouHoro npeKkpaeHHs nomHomouit [pesugerta Poccniicxolt Degepaunn .... 346 Axroi Ipesufenta Poccuiicxoit Dezepanuu. KoncruryuMonHo-npaposoii craryc AAMHHHCTpauHn 323 Tipesuaenta Poccuiicxoit Denepanun 352 Wexepanpuce Co6panne B o6urectBenHo-nomMTHYeCKOlL cvcTeme rocymaperBa 358 11.1. Dousrve napzamenrapusma. Tonuruxo-npasosas npHpoya 4 byHKuMi MapsamMenta B COBPeMeHHEIX ' rocyfapcTBax 358 11.2. Koncruryunonnple ociosbi cratyca H BsaMMogelicTBHA nanat DepxepanbHoro Co6panus. Mecto u pos napamenta Poccuiicxoii Degepauun B CHCTeMe rocyapCTBEHHBIX OpraHoB, 363 11.3, apnamentcxnit KOHTpomb M ero OCHOBHBIe POpMbI 371 11.4. Bayrpentiee ycrpoiicrso Conera Dexepaunn u Tocynapcrsenuoii Jymet, nopaqox ux paborst ..... . 381 11.5. KoncrutynnonHo-npaposoii craryc wena Copeta @enepayun u yenytara Tocyaapcrsennoli J[ymbi..... . 387 Bakonopatenbupri npouecc Poccuiickoli Deaepaunn ..... 395 12.1. MonaTue u ocHopnble cTaquu 3aKoHofaTerbHOrO MPOUECCA . eee 395 12.2, Jlo66u3m Kak KOHCTHTYWHOHHO-MpaBboBad KaTeropHa H OObeKTHBHOE ABeHHe OOW[eCTBEHHOM MpakTHKH .... . 406 12.3. BosmoxHocrn cbeyepambublx rocyAapCTBeHHbIX OpraHOB Opravion rocyfapcTBeHHOH BracTH Cy6beKTOB ' Poceniicxoit Deyepaunn Banat Ha emepanbHBTit BAKONOMATEHBIH MPOUCCE eee Att Oznaenenue Tnasa 13. Tnaea 14, Faaea 15, 12.4. Baaumogeticrane Mpesiyenta Poccuiickoli Dexepaunn u Degepaspuoro Cobpanna B deneparbuom B3aKOHOMATebHOM Mponecce.. 2... 2. ee ee ee 418 12.5. OcobeuHocTu MpHHATHA OTHENDHBIX 3aKOHOB ...... 421 Ipasuteascrtso Poccniicxoli Dexepayun. Cuctema u cTpyktypa (beqepambubix opraHoB MCNOAHHTCNBHOH BIACTH | ee 428 13.1. IIpasuteapcrso Poccuiicxoli Denepamu B CHCTeMe rocyfapcTBeHHOH BaacTH Poccniicxoii Denepauun . . 13.2. Cocras IIpasurenpcrsa Poccuiicxoti Dexepanun. Tlopszox dbopmuposanna Tpasuteapcrea Poccuticxolt Wenepawt. eee 433 13.3, Tomnomouna IIpasutenscrsa Poccuiicxoii Denepauun. Axrot IIpasutespcrsa Poccniicxolt Denepaunn. . . 440 13.4, Baanmoornomenua [pasutenpcrea PoccuitcKoit ®exepanun c pesngentom Poccniicxoit Dexepauun, Denepanupmm Co6panwem 2... eee 445, 13.5. Orgercrsennocts Ipasutenpcrsa PoccuiicKoiit @enepauuu. Orcraska IIpasurenpersa Poccnitckoit Dexepanuu. . . 13.6. Cuctema u crpyxrypa cbeqepambubix opraHoB HCHoMHMTeAbHO! BuacTH B Poccuiickoit Denepaunn.... 449 Cuctema opravos rocyaapcrReHHoll Bractu cy6beKToB Poccniicxoit Meqepaumn ..... 2... ee 455, 14.1. KoucturyqMonnpie npHiunne: opranusayan H leaTenbHOCTH OpraHos cy6pekToB Poccniicxoii Denepammt 455 14.2. Koucrutyumonno-npasosoli craryc 3aKoHosaTetbHbIX (npejcrasuTembHbrx) opraHos rocytapcrBenHoli BaacTu cy6bextos Poccuiicxoit Denepauun . 462 14.3. Cucrema ucnomHuTenbubix opraHos rocyzapcTBeHHoli BuacTH cy6bekros Poccuiickolt Degepauni ......... 472 14.4. Ochosubie bopmpl BsaMMOOTHOWeHHIi OpraHoB 3aKOHOMATEAHOI HM HCHOAHHTeEMbHOM BaacTU cy6beKTOB Poccuitcxoii Denepaunu 14.5, Topaqox 1 opranusauua qeATeAbHOcTH KONCTHTYUHOHHBIX (ycrapubix) cyoB cy6sextos Poccniicxoit Dexepanun M MHposbIx cyeli . . . 489 KoncrutylHoHHbie OcHOBbI MecTHOro caMoynpaBreHKs B Poccuiickoii Dexepauan 493 15.1. Mousrue H KoncruTyuHoHHas npupoyla MecTHOTO camoynpabenua. Paszenenue cep AesterbHOCTH opraHos rocyfapcTBeHHoii BlacTu M M€CTHOTO CaMOympaByIeHHA .. 2... ee ee 493Koncmumyyuonnoe npaso Poccun Tanaea 16. 15.2. Tepputopnanbuas OpranMsalua MecTHOrO CAMOYMIPABIEHHA 2... ee eee 15.3. Skonomu4yeckas OCHOBa MECTHOFO CaMOyMpaBJIeHHA. . . . 15.4. Dopmpl HemocpexcrBeHHoro OcyWeCTBIIEHNA B/aCTH HacesleHHeM H YYaCTHA HaceseHMA B PeWeHMH BOMPOCOB MeCTHOrO 3Ha4eHus. Cucrema opraHos MecTHOro camoynpaBaenna 15.5. Ocosubie mpasospie cbopmbt paauwooTHoutennit TOcyapCTBEHHDIX OpratoB HM OpraHOoB MecTHOTO CAMOYMPABNCHHA 2. ee ee Cyne6naa pnacrb 8 Poccun. Koucratyumonnpilit Cy, Poceuiicxoit Dezepanm. Tlpoxypatypa Poccuiicxoii Denepaumu .........----- 16.1. Tlonstue u cbynkunu opranos cyne6uoli BuacTu. CouuasbHo-paBosas Npuposa cyia B rocynaperBe. Meco x pos HpoKypatypbl B CHicTeme OpraHoB 16.2. KoncTHTyuMoHHO-mpaBosble NPHHUMMbI OcyMecTBIEHHA CyNeOHOH BNACTH 2.1 ee 16.3. Cyae6uas cuctema Poccuiicroii Degepauun. KoncTuTyuMoHHo-mpaBosoit cratyc cyzelt B Poccniicxoii Dezepannn 16.4. Mecto 1 po Koncrutyumonnoro Cyna PocculicKott @ezepatiuu B CHCTeMe OpraHoB BaCTH, MopazoK ero (POPMMPOBAHHA H KOMMIETEHUHA ©. ee 16.5. OcHoBHble cra KOHCTHTYWMOHHOrO: cyfonporspogctsa. Tonatue, opuaMueckaa cua HW 3HayeHHe peuieHHil 4 MpaBOBDIX NOSHUMIT Koxcrutyyuonnoro Cyza Poccuiicxolt Denepaunn ... . 506 552 —_ KOHCTHTYI[MOHHOE IIPABO: is OTPACJIb IIPABA, HAYKA bow 1 MW YYEBHAS AMCIMIVIMHA. MCTOUHUKU KOHCTHTYINMOHHOTO TIPABA 2naéea 1.1 | Koncrarynuonnoe npaso Kak orpacab ‘ poccuiickoro npaga. [Ipeamer u Metog KOHCTHTYHHOHHOrO HpaBa. KoucruryuHounoe 1 rocyaapersemioe paso: OWeHKa TEPMHHOB ©! 2 B npasosoii Hayke TepMUH «KOHCTHTYIMOHHOe MpaBo» Tpaquun- OHHO paccMaTpuBaior B Tpex KayecTBaX: 1) kak oTpacab mpaBa — coBoKymHOcTb o6uleo6sa3aTeMbHBIX Mpa- BUI NOBeTeHUA; 2) Kak Hayky — cHicTeMa 3HaHMii HM MpepcraBsenuit 06 orpacau KOHCTHTYHMOHHOTO MpaBa H pakTHka ee OCyMeCTBIeEHHA; 3) kak yye6nyio AucIMMIMAy — cucTemaTHsMpoBaHHoe M310%Ke- Hive BAKHEMMMX NONOKeHUI HAyKM KOHCTHTYUMOHHOTO 1paBa M OCHOB KOHCTUTYUMOHHO-IpaBOBOTO 3aKOHOMaTeMbCTBa B yYeOHBIX WeMAX. KoncrutynMonuoe nmpazo apsasetcs cocraBHolt YacTblo poccuiicKolt cucTeMbI mpapa. Kak suo6aa orpacib MpaBa, KOHCTHTyWMOHHOe paso npeqcrapisieT COBOKYMHOCTS ObmleobsA3aTeEIbUIX MpaBMT MOBeTeHHA, YcTaHOBJIeHHBIX WIM CaHKMOHMpOBaHHBIx rocyfapcTsom. B oémeli cucTeMe IipaBa Kaxkjlad OTpaCJIb OTIMYAeTCA OT APYruXx TIpeqMeTOM Hi MeTOJOM TIpaBoBoro peryMpoBanusa. Hav6onee BaxkHbIM KpHTepHem pasrpaHwueHa ABsIAeTCA MpemMeT MpaBoBoro perysMpoBaHHa. Nog npeametom npasosoro perynuposannsa noHumaiorca Te OT- HOWeHMA, KOTOpbIe NosBepraioTcA NpaBoBomy BO3AeNcTBUIO. UmeH- | HO XapakTep onpefeneHHoro Kpyra OGLWECTBEHHbIX OTHOWEHMIM Npe- Aonpepenser cneymduky npasogsoro perynuposaHia 3THx OTHOWe- | HUA MB KOHeYHOM cHeTe o6ocoGmeHue To YacTM HOpM npasa, koTopas BbifenreTcA 8 KaYeCTBe CAMOCTORTeNbHON OTpacnu NpaBa. KoucrurynMonioe mpaso uMeer cBoit mpeyMer MpaBoBoro peryH- Posanusa. B yentpe orHomeHnil, Ha KOTOpbIe BO3zelCTBYIOT HOpMbI KOHCTUTYI{MOHHOTO MpaBa, BCera CTOAT OTHOMIEHHA, CBASAHHBIE C I10- TuTHYecKOl, rocywapcTBEHHOM BIACTHIO, CBOOOAOli YeMOBeKa B OOmIe- lll.Koncmumyyuonnoe npaco Poccun 10 crBe u rocygapcrse. [lostomy 3TH OTHOMeHMA ABIAIOTCA HaHGomee 3HAYHMBIMH Mf iad OOulecTBa, MH AJA TOcyapcTBa, M AJA KOHKpeTHOTO yenoseka. B 3aBMCMMOCTH OT ypOBHA pa3sBUTHA ObilecTBa M cyIecT- BYIOWMX NOMHTHKO-MpaBOBbIx WeHHOCTelt cosgep»kaHue TpeyMeTa KOH- CTHTYWHOHHOLO peryIMPOBaHHA MOCTOAHHO yYTOUHAeTCA. VCTOPUA Qo 1917 roma 8 poccuickon npasoso’ Hayke AOMUHUpoBan NoAXog, No KoTopomy Hayka rocyfapcTBeHHOro NpaBa onpenenanact kak «yYeHVe lopmaecKoM OTHOWeHMNn rocygapcrBeHHoro BNacTsoBaHna»'. B ycnoBuAax CaMOflepxKABVA, OTCYTCTBA eFO Cepbe3HbIX KOHCTUTYUMOHHIX OrpaHiye- Hui B NpenMere rocygapcTBeHHOrO Mpasa Ha Nepsbi NaH BEIxOAMT rocy- apcrseHHaa Bnactb, ee yCTPOCTBO MW MexaHu3M cbyHKyMOHMposanua. B copetcki Nepuog c NOABNeHVeM KOHCTUTYUMN, MAer NonHoBNacTuA TpygoBoro Hapora, pa3zBuTua wgeli cyBepeHuTeta rocynapcTBa, Haun, cpe- “". pepanuama, OCHOBHBIX NpaB U CBOOON, SKOHOMMYECKOM OCHOBbI COBETCKOTO CTpos NpeAMeT OTpacnn npaBa pacwmpretca. HO NPN 3TOM NepBeHCTEO B NpeaMeTe KOHCTMTYUNOHHOrO BOspeNCTBMA NPUHAANexano NonuTH4eckon snacm, : wow qa TOUKA 3PEHUA fees Hopp! cogetckoro rocynapcrBeHHoro npasa npexne Bcero BbIPAaxaloT WW 3akpennsioT rocyfapcTBeEHHbI CyBEPeHUTeT M BCe BaxHeruwe rocyAap- CTBEHHO-NnpaBoBble (POpMbl ero OCyLeCTBNeHMA; OH perynMpyloT M 3akpe- hnsiot cbopmy opraHv3auimn rocymapcrBa Kak B WeHTpe, Tak U Ha MecTaX, cTpyktypy 3THx OpraHos, NPUHUMNbI 4x OprakuzayMn M AeATeNbHOCTH Vi OC- HOBHbIe BONpOcb! NonHOMOUNA (JlenewKHH A.V. Kypc copeTckoro rocyfap- cTBeHHoro npasa. M., 1961, T. 1, ¢, 18-20). Caepyer OTMeTHTD, UTO B NOCeEMHMe ACCATUMETHA COBETCKOTO T1e- pMoga HameTuach ycToluMBad TeHAeHWHA pacuiMpeHia mpezMeta KOHCTHTYLMOHHOTO PeLyIMPOBAHHA. ws ee > TOYKA 3PEHUA , Maxtuyeckue KOHCTUTYWMOHHbIe OTHOWEHMA MpPeACTABNAIOT CUCTeEMY " 3KOHOMVNECKX, MORMTUYECKUX, COUMANbHbIX OTHOLWEHU, BbIParKalOWWX os CYLHOCTb VM OCHOBHbIe YepTe! pazBuToro couanuama (OcHoBHH B.C. Oco- “< GEHHOCTM KOHCTHTYLIMOHHbIX HOpM. CoBeTckoe rocyfapcTBo M npaBo, 1979, * Ne 6, c. 38). Tem caMbIM paq aBTOPOB MpusHaBall HallosIHeHHe MpeAMeTa KOH- CTHTYUHOHHOTO peryJHpOBaHMA SKOHOMHYECKMMH, NOJMTHYeCKUMH, ' Cw. Kopxynoe H.M. Pyccxoe rocynapersertioe npano. B aeyx Tomax. — CII6., 1909.—T. 1.—C. 48. Taaea 1. Koucmumyyuonnoe npaeo: ompacas npaga, nayxa COUMAbHbIMM HW AYXOBHBIMH 9JeMeHTaMH, KOTOpBIe IIpH TOM MpHo6- peTaloT CaMOCTOATeMbHOe peryATHBHOe 3HayeHHe. Konctutyuna P® saxpenuaa HoBylo Moslem rocyzapcTsa u Obme- cTBa, OCHOBaHHY10 Ha COBpeMeHHEIX IIPHHUMNax AeMOKpaTH4ecKOro ro- cymapcTBa, TpaxkmaHcKoro O6ulecTBa, CBOOOAbI JHYHOCTH H PbIHOUHO!t 9KOHOMHKH. Cogepkanve MpeqMeta KOHCTHTYNMONHOrO peryMpoBaHua 3Ha- YVITebHO PaclIMPH10Cb, OHO CTaso 6osee MHOroMaHOBbIM H MHOTO- ypoBHesbiM. CrieijvaiMcTamM CiOo%KHO OAHO3HaYHO OMpesequTh cym- HOCTb M COMep%KaHHe ITUX OTHOMEHHM Yepes BEIZeMeHHe Kakoro-s1M60 otgzembuoro sBena. IIpu onpegezenuu npeaMetTa KOHCTUTYWMOHHOTO IpaBa TpawMUMOHHO MCHONb3yeTCA IpHeM ONMCaHUA, TepeyucieHua Tex OOULECTBEHHBIX OTHOMIEHHH, KOTOPbIe COCTABAIOT OCHOBY 1aHHO- ro mpefMeta. Ecan 0606mmMTb pasIMyHbIe OnpeseeHua, TO mpewMeT KOHCTUTY- UMOHHOTO MpaBa ECTb COBOKYNMHOCTS CAeLyIOUMX rpynm obilecTBeH- HBIX OTHOWeHHH M0: 1) ycratoszenmio u peryaMpoBaHuio o6umx rpaHHy cBobozbI u OTBETCTBEHHOCTH Me@Xly OOULECTBOM, JHYHOCTHIO M TOcyHapcTBOM; 2) ycTaHoBmeHulo NpHHasexKHOCTH NoAMTMYeCKOH (Mpexye BCe- To rocyfapcTBeHHOli) ByacTH, (bopM HaposoBacTuA, cyBepeHuTeta rocyfapcrBa; 3) ycraHoBieHMo H peryTHpOBaHHio B3aHMHOTO KOMMeKca TIpaB 4 O6s3aHHOCTeli Mexkay YeMOBEKOM 1 FOCyAapCTBOM, OCHOB MpaBOBOro NONOXKEHUA MHYHOCTH, OGeCIeYeHMIO M 3allMTe KOHCTUTYWMOHHBIX Tpaw u cBo6og; ives: ed ae oe 4) ycraHoBseHui0 MpHHYHNOB M (opm HaL{HOHasbHO-rocysapcT- BeHHOFO ycTpolicTBa, pasrpaHWueHHio NpesMeToR BexeHHA H NOAHO- MOU Mexy ypOBHAMM TocyfapcTBeHHOli BracTH; 5) ycraHopnenmio u peryxuposaHviio OCHOBHEIX NPHHUHMHOB opra- HUBallMH HM CHCTeMbI OpraHoB rocyJapCTBeHHOit BaCTH M MeCTHOLO ca- MoyupaBleHus; 6) opranmsaqum M OcyulecTBeHMIO JeATeMbHOCTH OpraHos rocy- AapcTBenHot BaacTH; 7) bopmupopanmio opraxos rocygapcTBeHHo! BracTH. Tipu packppiruu comepxaHua npewMeta KOHCTHTYHMOHHOTO npaBa ABTOpbI CTapaloTCA BbIAeIUTh HaMOosee 3HaYMMbIe FpyIMbl OTHOME- Hut, KoTOpple OTparkal0T CyIeCTBO NpeAMeTa KOHCTHTYUMOHHOTO pe- Tyamposanua. Ilo stomy Bonpocy 8 poccuiickoli HayyHolt mpaBosoit AMTepatype MoxKHO BbILeHTS TPU OCHOBHIX Tosxoga. ofKoncmumyyuonnoe npaso Poccuu nasa 1. Koncmumyyuonnoe npaso: ompacav npasa, nayxa Tlepspiit noaxog saki0yaeTca B TOM, TO B OOUECTBEHHBIX OTHO- Ie€HHAX, OTHOCMMBIX K IIpe(MeTY KOHCTHTYMMOHHOTO pery1MpoBaHHA, IIpHOpuTeT OTAaeTCA yeEMOBeKY KaK OCHOBHOM WeHHOCTH B KOHCTUTY- IMOHHO! MopeIH BIaMMOOTHOMeHHH ObuecTBa, rocywapcTBa HM Yes0- BeKa. Ho eae TOUKA 3PEHUA B nepese OCHOBHBIX OTHOWEHMIN, BXOMALIVX B Conep»KaHue npegMeTa, Ha NepBbIM NlaH BbIHOCATCA OTHOWEHMA No 3aLIMTe OCHOBHDIX NpaB M CBO- 60n 4enopeka v1 ypexpaioume B STUX YeNAX ONPepeneHHylo cucTeMy rocy- 7 DapcrseHHon anactu (Barna M.B. KonctutyuvoHHoe npaso Poccuiickon r @egepaumn: Yue6unx. 4-e v3g., M., 2004, c. 3). > Bropoit moAXoA 3akm04aeTCaA B TOM, YTO B HepewHe OTHOUICHHT MpefMeTa KOHCTHTYIMOHHOTO IpaBa Ha MepBOe MECTO CTaBHTCA Trocy- DapcTBeHHad BaCTb. 3MeCb BbIMEMAMIOTCA OTHOMIEHHA TIO TOBOAy pea- 3allMM CyBepeHUTera Haposa, pasIMYHEIX (bOpM ero HapozOBMACTHA B Tex ccbepax OOMECTBEHHOM 23H, Te ocyqapcTBeHHaA BMaCTb AB- JIseTCs BAXKHEIUIMM CpeACTBOM O6ecHe4eHHA HapOmOBMacTuA. ,, Poe Peary BARE IT AGH BS TOUKA 3PEHA |” wees Mpegmer KoHCTMTyUMOHHoro NpaBa — 3TO cbakTM4eCKNe OTHOLUEHMA NO NoBopy: ycrpovictaa rocyfapcTsa VM opraHv3aumy rocyAapcrBeHHOM BnacTn; rpaxxpatcKoni cao6opbl (oTHOWeHYA MexpY YenoBeKOM Mi rocyapcTaoM); HocuTena cyBepeHuTeta “ VCTONHUKa Bfactm (KOHCTMTYYMOHHOe NpaBo: Yue6unk / Mog peg. B.B. Nlazapesa. M., 2004, c. 16). B cooTseTcTBul C TpeTbHM MOAXOAOM JaeTCA MepeyeHb BarkHeli- IHX OOUlECTBEHHBIX OTHOLEHHIi, KOTOPbIe B OCHOBHOM COOTBETCTBY- JOT cTpykType u woruKe Koncrutyuuu PO. ie] TOYKA 3PEHUA Hee Npeamer KOHCTUTyWMOHHOFO NpaBa ecTb hyHpameHtanbHble o6wecT- BEHHbIe OTHOWEHIAA, KOTOPbIMM XapakTePH3YIOTCA: OCHOBbI KOHCTUTYMOH- Horo (o6uwecTBeHHOrO) CTpOA, CYLUHOCTb 4 POpMbI BNacti Hapowa; OCHOBbI NpaBosoro NonoxKeHMA NMYHOCTH; rocyAaPCTBEHHOe yCTPONCTBO; CUCTeMa, Nopagok bopmuposaHua, NPYHUMNb! Opranv3alM M MexaHV3M AeATenb- HOCTU OpraHos rocyfapCTBeHHOM BNacTM M MecTHOrO CaMoynpaBneHuA (Asakosn CA. KoHcTuTyUNOHHOe npaso Poccuu: YueGubi kypc. B 27. M., 2007, 1. 1, ¢. 20). ws B npegMere KOHCTHTYMMOHHOTO MpaBa BbIAeAAIOTCH [Be OCHOBHBIE Tpynnp O6uecTBeHHBIX OTHOMeHMIt: 1) o6ume, B KOTOpEIX BLIPArKalOTCA OCHOBHBIe YCTOU, OCHOBBI 06- ilecTBeHHOTO M rocyzapcTBeHHoro crpoa Poccuiicxot Depepanuu; 2) 6onee KOHKpeTHBIe, B KOTOPEIX: peawM3yIOTCA KOHCTHTYUMOH- pple I1paBa M CBOGO/bI rparxkaH; OCyUlecTBsIAeTCA TOcyqapcTBeHHOe ycT- policTBo; llocrpoeHue opraxos rocyqapcTBeHHO! BuacTH, Hx KoMIIeTeH- wus, MowHomMouna [Ipesuzenta P@, napmaMeuta, Aemytatos, BbICLIMX HOWWKHOCTHDIX JIMI| OpraHoB TocyfapcTBeHHO!i BiacTH, opranusayua MeCTHOTO CaMOYIIPaBJIeHHA; OCyWeCTBIAeTCA BO3ZeHCTBHe Ha 9KOHO- MHYeCKHe Hi COMMasIbHBIe OTHOMEHHA. Baxuoli sazaueli sapnsetca onpeserenne o6bema MpesMeta KOH- CTMTYMMOHHOrO pasa, rpanuy ero comepxKanua. Kakue oTHOMeHHA MOFYT BXOAHTb B TpeAMeT KOHCTHTYI[MOHHOTO MpaBa, a Kakue — net? Hackombxko O6M{MMM HIM KOHKpeTHBIMH MoryT 6bITb TakHe OT- HOMeHUA? OTH BOIPOCHI CBASAHBI C PAROM OObEKTHBHBIX H CyObeK- TMBHBIX (PAaKTOPOB: HCTOPHYECKUMM TpagMHAMH; YPOBHEM 9KOHO- MHYECKOFO PasBUTHA; NOMHTHKO-MpaBOBIM CO3HaHMeM MpaBaulelt aIMTEI; IpaBOBOl KyIbTypoOl OOulecTBa; KOHKpeTHBIMA MOTpebHO- CTSIMM M MHTepecaMu rocygapcrBa u OOmecTBa u 1.4. Comepaanne UpeaMetTa KOHCTHTYUMOHHOFO paBa cocTaBAseTCA U3 Han6onee BHAYMMEIX [1d OOWeCTBa M rocyfapcTBa OTHOWeHHH 10 NOBOLy AOCTWKeHMA BaxKHEeHMMX MHTepecoB. Hanpumep, B COOTBETCTBHH C Koucruryuneitt P® Poccuiickaa Mexepauua aBaaeTca cBeTCKM Tocy4apcTBOM, a OTHOLIEHMA TOcyAapCTBa M WePKBU OCHOBaHbI Ha puunune oTzeneHHa PeMMO3sHbix o6bequnennit OT TocywapcTBa (er. 14). Se, . " fe OtHomenua, Kacalomeca mpexMeta KOHCTHTyUMOHHOTO MpaBa, MOCTOAHHO HaxOgATCA B AMHaMUke. Bce 6obuMit O6beM 9KOHOMMYE- CKMX HM COMMAJIbHBIX OTHOMEHHI Tpe6y!0T KOHCTHTYMMOHHO-MpaBoBo- To perymuposanua. B yacrHocTH, rocyZapcTBO He MOxKeT OCTAaBaTECa HeliTpatbHbIM TIpH PenieHuM 3aza4 COXpaHeHMa cBOero aKOHOMHYE- Ckoro cyBepenureta, BO3/eliCTBUA Ha PbIHOYHY1O SKOHOMUKY C WesbIO OGecteyenHs AOcTOMHOTO ypoBHA 2%M3HH CBOHX rpaxjan. ostomy 3aKOHOgaTemb OOpalaeTcA K KOHCTHTYWMOHHOMY mpaBy, YTOOBI To- CPelcTBom BosgelicTBHA Ha SKOHOMMYECKHE OTHOMIeHHA peuIMTh, Ha- —_—— * Cu: Konerutyuua Tpeuum // Koucratyun rocyaapers Esponsi, B 37. —M., 2001.~T.4.-¢c. 646. fois 3APYBEXKHbIM ONbIT B cratbe 3 Kouctutyumn [peu 3akpennsetca, YTO OTHOLUEHMA WepKBU MW rocyfapcTBa CTpOATCA Ha TOM, 4TO rocnogcTeylowen B Ppeunu penuruen ABMIRETCA PENTA BOCTOYHO-npaBocnasHoN Llepkeu Xpuctosoii'. 13Koncmumyyuonnoe npaso Poccuu \ Taasa 1. Koucmumyxuonnoe npaso: ompacae npasa, nayxa 14 TIpuMep, 3a1a4y MpHHaAexKHOCTU OCHOBHBIX NOMESHbIX HCKOTIAeMbIX cTpauni. B coorsetcraun c 4. 2 cr. 9 Koucrarynumm P@ mpeaycmortpe- Ha YacTHad, TOcyAapcTBeHHad, MYHMUMMa/bHaa M MHbIe opMbI cobcT- BeHHOCTH Ha lIpuposuble pecypcsi. C yuerom ocoGoli neHHocTH MpH- POAHBIX pecypcos Ava Hallelt crparbi demepanbHoe sakoHOAaTeNBCT- BO OTHECIO ATH OOBEKTHI TOKO K rocyfapcTBenHolt coOcTBeHHOCTH. Takum o6pa30M, mpeMeT KOHCTHTYUMOHHOrO perymupoBaHna 6pit paciiMpeH 3a cueT OTHOWEHHH, BXOAAMIMX B MpeMeT rparxk*aHcKOTO mpaBa (COKpalleHbl OTHOMeHMA YacTHOH coOcTBEHHOCTH B Chepe IpU- POWHDIX pecypcos). . Pacumpexue mpezMeta KOHCTHTYUMOHHOTO MpaBa O6ycOBAMBaeT npo6lemy onpesxemeHua TpaHull sTOrO pacimpenua. B yactHocTu, co- BepMleHCTBOBaHHe [paBMI 3aKOHOAaTeMbHOTO Mpouecca B NapsaMeH- Te, U3MeHeHHe Npouenyp us6upatTembHOl Kamnanuu TpeOyIoT ycn0%- HeHHA KOHCTHTYHMOHHOFO peryMpoBaHHua sTUX OTHOMeHHI. B To Ke BpeMa pacliMpeHMe KOHCTMTYUMOHHO-MpaBoBoro BosfelicrBMaA Ha HeATENbHOCT NOJMTHYECKHX MapTHuit, oOulecTBeHHBIX OObeAMHeHHi, HEKOMMep¥YeCKHX OpraHHsalluii BeIsbIBAeT COMHEHHe B OOOCHOBAHHO- CTH TaKoit permamentayun. Beab npu Gompmtom «cTapaHuu> k mpeqMe- TY KOHCTUTYIMOHHOLO [1paBa MOXHO OTHECTH HM OTHOMIEHHs 110 BOIIpO- caM I4¥eNOBOACTBa, HOATOTOBKH oOmMMUMMicKorO pe3sepBa, TIpaBH BHYTpHlapTuinol MemoKpaTun. TOUKA 3PEHNA Mpeamer KoHCTUTyUVOHHOrO MpaBa — >TO HanGonee 3HaunMbIe OTHO- WEHMA, COCTABNAIOLVe Mopenb AaHHoro O6lyecTBa, Ae rocyAapcrBeHHan BNACTb CTOUT Ha CTpaxe onpepeneHHoro paBHOBeCMiA HeMOKpaTH4eckux ueHHocTe o6WectBa, rocysapcTsa MW NMYHOCTH. V\ Kors rocymapcTBo upe3- MepHO pacluMpAeT npefMeT KOHCTMTYUMOHHOTO perynupoBaHiA, OHO MO- >keT HapYLUMTb ycTaHosieHHbIi Ganaxc (Lavo A. Camoorpanuyenve Bna- ctu: Kpatkuia kypc KOHCTUTyYMOHanama, M., 2001, c. 45, 46). TIpeqMert KOHCTHTYWMOHHOTO peryHpoBaHUA OTMYAaeTCA OT TIpeqMeTOB Apyrux oTpacieli upaBa TeM, ITO BaxKHeliMIMM 9/1eMeHTOM 9TUX OTHOMeHHIi ABAeTCA NOAMTHYeCKas (TOCymapcTBeHHas) BilacTb. Baecte c Tem comepxaHHe MpeyMetTa KOHCTHTYIMOHHOTO peryJMpoBa- HMA HeAb3A CBOAMTS TOMbKO K MpoOseMaM MH BOTIpocaM ycTpolicTBa 4 (byHKUMOHMpoBaHUa rocyzapcTBeHHoH BracTu. MM Tem Goxee oroxKqe- CTBIATb C OTHOWMeEHHAMM B Ciepe OCyIecTBAeHUA HOMHOMOUMT Uc- HOWHMTEMbHOM BIACTHIO, KOTOPbIe COCTABIAIOT MpeAMeT alMUHUCTpa- TMBHOTO IpaBa. Begb raBHbIM B CIIpaBesJIMBOM ycrpoiicrBe OOmecTBa ABIAeTCA OGecHeYeHHe MHTepecoB AMGHOCTH U OOIECTBa BO B3aMO- OTHOWeHHAX Mexay coGoii Hc rocyqapcTBoM. KoncturynMoHHoe tpa- BO ABJIACTCA MMCHHO TeM IpaBOBbIM MeXaHH3MOM, KOTOpbIit JO/DKeH Ta- paxTHpoBaTb TouHOMpaBHoe yuacTHe B THX OTHOWeHUAX NHAHOCTH, o6mjecTBa H rocy/lapcTBa, Ux BsaHMHYIO Mepy CBOGOABI H OTBETCTBEHHO- cru. Hema, 4ro6i rpaxyalcKoe o6ulecTBO WIM MYHOCTb Mem a6- COMOTHBIH rpuoputer, 4 HaoGoport, YTOGEI rocyzapcrBo UMenO TaKOt upuoputer. Tocynapcrso — Baxkneimmit yaacTHuk MB TO 2%Ke BpeMa MexaHM3M oGecleyeHa MpaBoworo craryca o6ulectBa H mMuHOcTH. To- sTOMy OcoGeHHOCTb CoAep2KaHHsA NpeyMeTa KOHCTHTYNMOHHOTO pery- ‘HPOBAHMA COCTONT B TOM, 4TO B HETO BXO/LAT OTHOMeHMA 10 Obecrieye- HMO paBHoBecua (OaraHca) BO B3aHMOOTHOMeHUAX OOulecTBa, TOCy- JapcTBa M JIM4HOCTH C VcTOuB30BaHHeM MOMMTHYeCKOM BuacTH KaK BaxkHeiilero MHCTpyMeHTa M rapaHTHHM STUX OTHOMeHHIt. Metog npasosoro perynuposanua npenctasnaet coBokynHoctb | Npvemos u cnocoGos ynopanoyeHiiA OOWeCTBEHHbIX OTHOWWEHMA. | Metog npaBosoro perysHpoBaHua ABAeETCA BTOPbIM KpHTepHeM BbIJeeHMA OTPacM Tpaba B CHcTeMe mpaBa. Ec mpesMer npaBoBo- TO peryMpOBAaHHA OTBeYaeT Ha BOMPOC, Kakue OTHOWMEHHA NozBepra- 1OTCA BOZAeHCTBHIO, TO MTOR TpaBoOROrO peryMpoBAHUA onpeness#er, KaK OCYIIeCTBIIAeTCA 3TO BO3LeliCTBHE. Hanpumep, oTHoweHua B ccbepe rpaxkmatickoro npasa npepnonaraior pa- BEHCTBO YHACTHUKOB B 3KOHOMM4ECKOM O6opoTe. MosTomy ofHOn 13 xapakTep- HbIx 4epT MeTOMa rpaxkDAaHCKOFO NpaBa ABAETCA PaBEHCTBO CTOPOH perynupye- Moro oTHOWeHMA. STa yepTa HaNGonee NonHo NpOABNAeTCA B NpaBoBOM Cnocobe ycTaHosneniia AossoneHna. B afMMHMCTpaTMBHOM NpaBe, Fe OTHOLWEHMA OCHO- BaHbl H@ BMACTHOM CONOAYMHEHMM CTOPOH, OCHOBHbIM MeTOAOM (cnocobom) Npasosoro Bo3qeVcTBMA BbICTyNAeT BNACTHOe NpeANNCaHne. B OTHOWEHMAX B cehepe yronosHoro npaBa NPMOpuTeTHbIM ABNAETCA MeTOA NpaBoBoro 3anpeTa. B KOHCTHTYI{MOHHOM MpaBe OCHOBHBIe MeTOAI paBoBoro Boszeii- CTBHA (IpenIMcaHue, 3alpeT, JO3BONeHe) UCHOMbSy!OTCH B OTHOM 06beme AoMomHsOT Apyr Apyra. TOUKA 3PEHMA Y . 4 Le Npeactasnserca, 470 roBOpUTb O HANH B KOHCTUTYUMOHHOM npaBe co6crBeHHoro MeTopa npagosoro perynnposaHue Henbas, B KOHCTUTYUM- OHHO-npasoBoMm peryn“upoBaHyy ViMeloT MecTO TaKve xe NO CyTH cBOen CNoco6b! Bo3qeliCTBMA Ha OBU\ECTBEHHbIe OTHOLIEHMA, HTO MB ApyrUx OT- pacnax npasa. Nostomy Yenecoo6pa3Ho roBopuTs He 0 COBCTBeEHHOM MeTO- Ae npasosoro perynuposanna, a 06 oTAMYVTeENbHbIX YepTax MeTOfa KOH- CTUTYUMOHHO-npaBogoro perynuposaHnr (KOHCTVTYLMOHHOe NpaBo Poc- cuu: Kypc nexunin / Nog peg, 10.1. WynbxeHKo. M., 2008, c. 9, 10).Koucmumyyuonnoe npaso Poccuu \ [aaea 1. Koxcmumyyuounoe npaso: ompacav npaea, xayxa 16 Mertog BaacTHBIX IpeqmMcaHuit YacToO MCNOAb3yeTCA B KOHCTUTY- IMOHHOM Hpase. OcHoBHbie XapakTepCTUKH rocyfapcTBeHHoM Bsa- CTH, ycTpoiicrBo Tocy#apcTBa, MOMHOMOYHA ero OpraHoB Tpe6y10T 2KCTKOTO TpaBOBOTO ompeneens B s opme MMnepaTuBHbIx mpenn- canuit. ©": PELE GR Hanpumep, «cysepenuTer Poccuitckon Denepaymn pacnpoctpaHAerca Ha clo ee TeppuTopuio» (4. 1 cr. 4 Konctutyumn PO), «cpenepanbHble 3aKOHbI Npu- » Humatocr TocyfapcTBeHHo Aymom» (4. 1 ct, 105 Koxctutyynn PO), «ctatyc pecny6nuku onpenennetca KoHctuTyunent Poccuinckon Denepaunn u KOHCTHTY- ue pecnyGnuku» (4. 1 cr. 66 KoHctutTyyun Pd). Mertog mpaBonoro salipeta TakxKe 3AHMMaeT 3HAYMTEMbHOE MECTO B KOHCTHTYIMOHHOM lipase. Hanpumep, «He QonyckaeTcA SKOHOMMYeCKaA AeATENbHOCTD, HanpaBneHHan Ha MOHONONVZaLINIO M HepobpocoBecTHyi0 KOHKYpeHUMio» (4. 2 cT. 34 KoHcTu- .. TYWMK PD), “OMHO MM TO >Ke AMO He MO>KET 32HMaTb AOMKHOCTb MpesnpeHta poor @enepauuu Gonee Asyx cpokos nogpag» (4. 3 ct. 81 KoHcTutyunn Pe Bmecte C TeM B KOHCTHTYMMOHHOM MpaBe aKTMBHO UCIOuIb3yeTCA H MeTOA AosBONeHUA. OH BbIpaxkaeTCa B TaKOM MpaBOBOM BosselicTBMH, kKoTOpoe mpegnionaraer BEIGop cy6nekTaMH pasa OAHOTO M3 BapuaH- TOB HOSBOJeHHOTO TOBezeHUA. SHAYMTeMbHad YaCTb HOpM C JaHHBIM MeTOJOM BosfelicrBua ConepxKUTCSs B Im. 2 Koncrutyyuu PO, saxpen- Amol npaBa u cBoOosE YeTOBeKa M rpaxkjaHuna, Hanpumep, «karkgbii uMeeT npaBo cBO60fHO pacnopsrKaTbCA CBOMMN CnO- co6Hoctamu k Tpyay, BbiGupats pon AeATeNbHOCTH Vs Npodeccitio» (4. 1 ct. 37 Koxctutyyu P®), «Mpesugent Poccuvicko Degepaun umeet npaso npepce- AaTeNbCTBOBaTb Ha 3acenaHun MpasuTensctsa Poccuickor Degepaynu» (n. «6» ct. 83 Koxctutyuun PO). B wayke KOHCTHTYNMOHHOTO MpaBa CyIlecTByeT MHeHHe, YTO Me- TOZ BACTHBIX MMMepaTMBHBIX NpemNUcaHUli BCe 2Ke ABMACTCA LOMH- HMPYIOUMM CpeAM MHbIX MeTOAOB KOHCTHTYUMOHHOFO IpaBa. TOUKA 3PEHUA oe B yenom KOHCTMTyLWMOHHO-npasoBoe perynuposalve O6LeCTBeEHHbIX OTHOWeEHMI OCHOBbIBaeTCA Ha BNACTHO-MMNepaTVBHbIx Ha4anax. B perynu- PYeMbIX KOHCTHTYLMOHHbIM NPaBOM OTHOWEHMAX B GobLeM 4acTH NpoABNA- TCA NOPYMHEHMe BON ynpaBnAeMbIx eQUHON ynpasnaiowen Bone, BbIPa3zv- Tenem KOTOpOM ABNAeTCA CyGbeKT rocymapcTBeHHON BNacTM, HageneHHbI BNacTHeIMY NonHOMOYUaAMU (Kyta@uH O.E. Mpenmet KOHCTMTyyuMOHHOrO npasa. M., 2001, ¢. 41, 42). Metog 03BONeHHA (AMCHO3MTHBHOrO peryMpoBaHHa) Bce UIMpe MCHOMb3YeTCA KOHCTHTYUMOHHDIM 1paBom. Barknefimme KOHCTHTyHH- OHHbI NPHHIMMbI MOMMTUYECKOTO, HAeOOTMYECKOTO, IKOHOMMYECKOTO jOPaIM3Ma, MHOXKeCTBEHHOCTH NosHiHii M BapHaHTOB BEIGopa B pas- AMUYHBIX Ccepax 2%U3HH O6UleCTBa 3HadHTeAHO yBeMMYMAM MOTeH- jam JaHHOrO MeToza. Hanpumep, nonutuyeckaa naptua Bnpage cBO60gHO BbIGupaTb pasnu4Hle copme! 4 MeTogb! ysacTua B NonuTHYeCKON xU3HU, CnocobbI BeAeHMA “36upa- TeNbHOU arta; npeAnpVxumaTenv BnpaBe BbIGVpaTb pa3snvunble opraHn3za- LMOHHO-NpaBoBbIe MOpMb! Cade BeATeNbHOCTU. CytectByeT Takxke MHeHHe, YTO XapaKTEPHbIM TpaBOBbIM MeTO- HOM KOHCTHTYUMOHHOFO IpaBa ABAAeTCA MeTOY OOMMX NpeAMUcannit. B HOpMaX KOHCTHTYWMMOHHOTO T1paBa ycraHaBmUBaloTca OOulHe MpaBo- BbIe KOHCTPYKUMM M HaMepeHus, HM TOADKO B APYTMX OTpacaAx mpapa OHM HaXOMAT CBOe KOHKpeTHOe ocyujecTBTeHHe. J[elicrBuTenbHo, pay Hop Koncruryuuu PO ccbopmy.mposak B Bue OOmmMX Npeznucanuii, Baecte c Tem clemyeT UMeETb B BUA, YTO, BO-epBbIX, BCe HOpMbI Kou- crutyuuu P® umeror mpamoe gelicrsue (u. 1 cr. 15), B TOM uMcne HOp- MbI OOilero xapaktepa. [Ip ux IIpHMeHeHHM B KOHKpeTHDIX cnyyaax BCera BbIWJeHAeTCA HeEOOXOAMMbIii aeMeHT MpewMucaHMA, 3armpeTa WIM 2O3BOJIEHHA; BO-BTOPbIX, HOPMbI KOHCTHTYIMOHHOTO MpaBa CTA o6safaTb 6ombulet onpeneneHHoctsio. B npeaMeT KOHCTHTYLMOHHOTO lpaba OMMMO OTHOMIeHHi, peryzMpyembrx HerlocpezcTBenHo Konctu- TyuMeit PO, skmouyaeTca rpomagHbIit MaccHB OTHOWEeHMI, Ha KOTOpBIIi BO3QeHCTBYIOT PasIMYHbIe KOHCTHTYUMOHHO-TpaBOBbie HOPMbI, HMelo- lle lpeylebHO KOHKpeTHBIH xapaktep. Hanpumep, 3akoHopatenbcTBo 0 BbIGOpax CopepxUT CoBepWeHHO ONpene- AeHHbIe NpegNucaHuA, NpaBiina, 3anpeTb!: TOYHO ycTaHoBNeHHbIi OGbeM chu- HaHCOBbIX CpeACTS, KOTOPbI/ MOXHO MCNONb3OBaTb KaHAMAATAM 8 DenyTaTbl MN Nonvtuyecko naptun Ha BbIGopax; NpaBuina 3anonHeHuA u3s6“paTenbHorO: Slonnetexa uv 1.2. Takum o6pasom, MeTOM KOHCTUTYIHOHHOTO MpaBa BKJIOUaeT B Ce- 6a Tpu ocHoBHbIx MeTOza MpaBoBoro peryAMPOBAHUS, KOTOpBIe B paB- HOW Mepe McnoMb3yIOTCA B MpOWecce KOHCTHTyIMOHHO-IpaBOBOTOKoncemumyyuonnoe npago Poccun 18 perysmposanua. Ito mooxKeHve OGbACHAeTCA TeM, ITO KOHCTUTY- WMoHHOe paso ABAdetca 6asoli ANA Bcelt MpaBOBOl CHCTeMbI, ycTa- HaBJIMBaeT OOULMe MPMHUMMbI PeryATHBHOTO BOSMeHCTBUA ANA BCeX oTpacaeit mpasa. [losromy KOHCTUTYUMOHHOe peryAMpoBaHve ABIAeT- CA YHHBepCabHBIM, B TOM YMCJe 110 KOMMeKCHOMY HCIOIb30BaHHIO pa3IM¥HbIX MeTO{OB MpaBoBoro BosselictBus. pu sToM HanMune rpHema o6ulux mpexmMcanuii M MeTosa UMMepaTHBHoro BosgelicTBuA B peryJMpoBaHMu mpexke BCefO OCHOB KOHCTHTYNMOHHOrO cTpos, CHCTeMbI H OpraHM3allMM OpraHoB rocyZapcTBeHHOl BAacTH BHOCHT xapakTepHble YepTbi B OOmMit HaGOp MeTOAOB KOHCTHTYMHOHHO-Mpa- BOBOTO perysMpoBaHHa. Crpykrypa oTpacav KOHCTHTYUMONHOTO NpaBa: HHCTHTYTHI nogorpacan. KoxcTHTyuMoHHoe mpaBo Kak OTpacsb mpaBa xapakTe- pusyeTcs: EMHHCTBOM Hemel H sala KOHCTHTYHMOHHO-lpaBoBoro pe- TYAMpOBaHMA WM KOHCTHTYMMOHHBIX IpHHIMMOB; OAHOPOAHOCTHIO pe- rysmpyembix oTHomeHnii. BMecre c TeM OTPacsIb KOHCTHTYHHOHHOTO TIpaba MMeeT CBOIO COXKHYIO CTpyKtypy. Ito o6bacusercs rorpebHo- cTbIO B HanGosee adppeKTHBHOM MpaBOBOM yperyMpoBaHuN pasMy- HBIX rpyli OOulecTBeEHHEIX OTHOUeHHH, BXOAAMIMX B OOH MpeAMeT KOHCTHTYNMONHOrO MpaBa. B yacTHOCTH, OAHH IpaBoRble HHCTpyMeH- TbI HEOOXOAUMD! UIA peryHpOBAHHA MOWyYeHMA TpaxkqaHCTBa Hi CO- BCeM [pyre — AJA 3alllMTbI WenocTHOCTH TeppuTopHH PoccuiicKoit ezepanuu. Crpyxrypa, JorMueckoe locTpoeHHe orpacau mpaBa — Mpouecc B 6ombielt Mepe OOveKTHBHbIi. OH 3aBHCHT OT peamTbHBIx NOMMTHUE- CKMX, SKOHOMMYECKUX, JYXOBHEIX (bakTOpoB pasBuTHA OOmlecTBa. Hanpumep, Koxctutyuma PO 3akpenuna nonsneHve HoBoro BemyWero MH- cTutyta rocyfapcTBeHHO/ BNACTH B CTpaHe — NapnameHTa VM NoBbILeHMe Pon 3akOHOgaTenbHoro npouecca. 310 obycnoBuno pasBuTue u o6ocobneHne B CTpykType KOHCTHTYLIMOHHOrO Npaga rpynns! HopM, perynupyiownx cratyc Nap- TlaMeHTa VW 3aKOHOMAaTeNbHbIe NPOWeAYpbI. CrpyktTypa OTpaclM KOHCTHTYUMOHHOTO MpaBa COCTOMT M3 TOOT- paceli 1 MHCTHTYTOB. Vncturyt oTpacnin KOHCTUTYWMOHHOro Npapa npenctasnaet rpyn- | fly HOpM, perynupylouux onpepeneHHblA BUA OOLIECTBEHHBIX OTHO- | WeHMi B pamKax NpegMeta perynuposanna oTpacnn NpaBa. | Kaapiit Takoit MHCTHTYT JIOTMYeCKH CBA3AH C APYTHMM HHCTUTY- TaMM OTpacsM papa. \ Taaea 1. Koucmumyyuonnoe npaso: ompacav npasa, nayxa Hanpumep, uxcturyt rpaxgancrea perynupyet OTHOWeHIA NuLa C rocyzap- CTBOM NO NoBoOsy ycTaHOBNeHMA M@exAy HYMU yCTOMUMBOM NpaBoBON cBAs. HopMb! 3Toro MHCTUTyTa pewatoT OcobbIe 3aa4v No NpHoSpeTeHnio un yTpaTe rpaxxgaHcTBa. B To xe BDEMA VHCTUTYT rpaxqaHcTBa AB/IAeTCA NPABOBbIM OCHO- BaHveM npuobpeTeHmA OCHOBHEIX npaB uv cBO60g rpaxkgaHinna Poccun, Orvenbuble HHCTHTYTHI pasBHBaIOTCA, a ClleAOBaTeNbHO, paciiMm- psxeTCA MW YCOKHACTCA HX PeryJIATHBHOE BO3LelicTBHe Ha OOUeECTBEH- Hble OTHOWeHUA. B cBa3H C STHM HEKOTOPHIe U3 HUX MpMobperaior xa- paKkTepHCTHKH NMOAOTPacAM KOHCTUTYWMOHHOLO TpaBa. Nogortpacnb KoHCTUTyYMOHHOrO MpaBa — 3To rpynna Hop npaBa, KoTopbie perynupyiot 6onbwy!o OfHOpopHyio 4acTb O6ueCTBeHHIX | OTHOWEHMIA, COCTaBNAIOWUX NPeAMeT KOHCTUTYUMOHHOFO Npasa. — | Hanpumep, unctutyt v36upatenbHoro pasa MOxHO MpV3HaTb B Ka4eCTBE NOAOTpPACH KOHCTUTYL|MOHHOrO Npasa, Tak KaK MOBbICMMaCb 3Ha4MMOCTb U36V- parenbHoro npasa Kak BaxkHeMUero MHCTpyMeHTa HeMOKpaTMN B Haleli cTpane vi HeOpIBanoe pazauTue Nony4unM HOpMbI 136upaTenbHoro Mpasa Vi no OGbeMy, MNO ChOKHOCTU perynMpoBaHua. fo Tem ke OCHOBaHMAM K NOAOTpaci KOHCTH- TYUMOHHOrO NpaBa MO>KHO OTHECTU HOpMal, perynupyiouve cTaTyc M NopaAgoK DenTenbHOCTM NpeACTaBUTeNbHbIX (3aKOHOMaTeNbHbIX) OpraHos rocypapcTBeH- Ho Bnactu (napnameHTcKoe npaso). Takum 06pa30M, KOHCTHTYHMOHHOE MpaBo COCTOHT U3 B3aHMOCBA- 3aHHBIX CIPYKTYPHEIX YacTeli — MHCTHTYTOB M MoxoTpacueli, B KOTO- PpIX OTparkaeTCa OlpeyeenHan chelHduka MpaBoBoro BoszelcTBUA Ha OTfenbuble rpynimbt O6ulecTBeHHBIX OTHOWeHHI. K ocHOBHBIM HHCTHTY- TaM KOHCTHTYUMOHHOFO M1paBa OObIMHO OTHOCAT: OCHOBBI KOHCTHTYTIH- OHHOTO CTpos; rpaxkAaHCTBO; OCHOBbI T1paBoBoro CTaTyca YeNnoBeKa H Tpakjahuna; deqepaTHBHOoe yCTpOlicTBoO; H36upaTebHOe MpaBo, CHC- TeMy rocyapcTBeHHoli BilacTH; MecTHOe CaMoympaBseHHe. IToT Mepe- Y€Hb MO2KHO NOMOMHUTD H OOsee KOHKPeTHbIMH HHCTHTYTAMH KOHCTH- TY{MOHHOrO MpaBa, TAKMMM KaK (bopMbI HeTIOcpegCTBeEHHO! AeMoKpa- THM, MHCTHTYT Npesufenta, HNCTUTYT OOmecTBeHHDIX O6beAHHEHHI. K crpyxrype KoncTHTyuMoHHoro mpaBa (It TOMHOTSI ee XapakTepH- CTMKH) OTHOCATCA M NOgOTpacM, Takve Kak u36upaTembHOe MmpaBo, KeHUA YenoBeKa VM rparxAahUHa; 5) w36upatenbHoro 3akOHOMaTenbcTBa M MHCTHTYTOB HeMocpegcTBeH- HO BeMoKpatun; 6) MecTHoro CamMoynpasneHns; 7) npaBoson CUCTeMbI, BKMOYAIOLE HOPMbI O BAX NPABOBbIX aKTOB Wx COOTHOWIEH; 8) -kuisHegeATenbHOCTH rpaxMaHckoro O6uyecTBa MM rocysapctsa — BO- Npocbi coBcraeHHOCTH, COWMaNbHbIe MHCTUTYTEI (CeMbA, OGpazoBaHve), CO- UvanbHble cTaHgapTbl, OxpaHy OKpy>Kalouer Cpeabl (KOHCTUTYUMOHHOe 3a- ,, KOHOpaTenbcTBo Poccun / fog pea. 10.A. Tuxomuposa. M., 1999, ¢. 29-31). how * TOYKA 3PEHMA B Hay4HON nuTepatype BbIeNAIOTCA Cnepyiouyme NOAOTPACAM KOHCTUTY- Be Mee Med Koucrntyquonnoe x rocyfapcTBenHoe mpaBo: CooTHOMIeHHe To- usTuii, Borpoc 0 HaliMeHoBaHHM OTpacsH MpaBa 40 CX Top ABJIeTCA CIOpHBIM M HeManOBaxKHbIM B XapakTepHCTHKe TIpeMeTa KOHCTHTY- I{MOHHO-IpaBoworo peryMpoBanua. B NocopercKuit nepuoy TpaqMun- OHHO McTomp30BaT0Cb HasBaHe TaicxKe 65110 AoMuHUpyiouuM. C cepezunst 1960-x roqos 6pia pasBepHyTa WMpoKast HaywHad AMcKyCCHA O TOM, KaK NOJOKHa Ha3blBAaTbCA OT- pacb: TocyqapcrBeHHoe WIM KOHCTUTyMMOHHOe MpaBo. Mexny yue- HBIMM ObIJI AOCTHTHYT KOMMpOMMCc, KOTOpbIit BbIPasHICA B TOM, YTO OTpacib BO MHOTHX IOpHAMYECKHX BY3AaX CTA MMeHOBaTb TocyAapct- BeHHOe (KOHCTHTYMMOHHOe) MpaBo, a Copp! O HasBaHMM 6_WIM IpH- Taasa 1. Koucmumyyuounoe npaeo: ompacas npaea, nayxa 3HaHbl POpMasbHbImu. B mocwequee AecaTuseTHe paccMaTpuBaemy10 oTpacib ipaba HasbIBalOT . Cuaenyet OTMeTHTb, ITO CyHeCTBYeT HECKOJIbKO TOUeK 3peHHA, Ka- calouuxca mpo6seMbl HasBaHHua oTpaciu. epean mouxa 3penus 3a- Km0UaeTCA B TOM, YTO 3a HASBAHMeM OTPaCM CTOUT cymecTBeHHBIIt cofepkaTesIbublii MOMeHT B perylMpoBaHUM oMpeyeneHHorO Kpyra oOmecTBEHHbIX OTHOMIeHUH. B HasBaHMM akieHT femaeTca Ha pery.MpoBaHHu OTHOMeHHI 10 ycrpolictsy u pyHKWHO- HuMpoBaHuilo rocyqapcTBeHHol BaacTu. B atom MozxKoge rocyszapcTBo mpushaeTca OCHOBHOM burypoit B OTHOMeHHAX MexKZy OOuIeCTBOM, MYHOCTHIO M TocyfapcrBoM. B Ha3sBaHMH «KOHCTHTyHMOHHOe> Ha epBbii Mla BbICTyMaloT HHTepecbI ObuecTBa, MpaBa MYHOCTH BO B3aMMOOTHOWIEHMAX C TOCyTapCTBOM. 31ecb TocyqapcTBo IpusHaerca BAKHBIM, HO He JOMMHMPYIOWMM B ONpeqenenuu rpaHMl, TomuTM4e- ckoli BiacTu M pasBuTua OOulecTBa. B HasBaHMH NOqYepKUBaeTCA KaveCTBO BsaMMOOTHOMeHMit O6mecTBa 1 TO- cyfapcTBa B paMkax JeMOKpaTHyecKoli KOHCTHTYNMM, re UX OTHOUE- HMA CTPOATCA Ha IIpHOputTeTe cyBepeHHBIX IIpaB Hapoma. ®> TOUKA 3PEHUR . sTba, Ecru rnasexcray:olan pomb NpMsHaeTca 3a rocysapcTBOM, TO CooTBeT- CTByOWaA OTPaCNb AOMKHa Ha3bIBATECA FOCyHapCTBEHHbIM Npasom. Hop- MaTuBHoe 3aKpenneHve mugen npaBoBoro rocyfapcrTsa, NogYMHeHne ro- cy@apctsa npasy, BepXOBEHCTBO KOHCTMTYUMM VY 3aKOHa MV peanbHoe oGecneyeHve Tux peli OTparxaeTCA B HAMMeHOBAHMM OTPACNM — «KOHCTU- TYUMOHHOe npaBo» (borgavoga H.A. K Hosoi KoHUeNuMN npenopaBaHna KOHCTUTYMOHHOrO npasa // Tocygapcreo unpaso, 1994, Ne 7,c. 12, 13). Bmopax mouxa 3penua mpexctasreva aBTopaMH, KOTOpbIe B Ha- MMeHOBaHHH OTpaciM He BHAAT OObUIOrO COMep%KaTeMbHOTO pas/u- YMA HW MpakTHyecKoro 3HavenHa. «.'* Bae TOUKA 3PEHA SY B MegepatusrHon Pecny6nuKe [epmMaHua aHanorv4Han OTpacnb npaBa Ha3biBaeTCA rOcyAapCTBEHHON, 4 Tem He MeHee STO rocyfapcrBo Henb3a yn- PeKHYTb B OTCYTCTBMY YETKUX FpAHML, TOCyAaPCTBa BO B3AMOOTHOLUEHUIAX C rpaxkaHckum OBWeCcTBOM MAM B OTCYTCTBU CBARAHHOCTH rOcysapCTBa KOH- cTuryyvel uv npaBom (Kyradun O.£. Npepmet KOHCTMTYUMOHHOrO npaBa. M., 2001, c. 34, 35). Tpemba mouxa spenua — K KOHCTHTyUMOHHOMy mpaBy OTHOCAT ‘Mb HopMel Koncrurynmn PD... ie et22 Koncmumyyuonnoe npaso Poccun S| TOUKA 3PEHUA REL TocymapcrseHHoe npaBo Kak OTpacnb pasa perynupyet yCTporicTBo dyHKUMOHMpoBaHve rocyfapCcTBeHHON BNACTU, 2 KOHCTUTYLIMOHHOe Npaso Npeactasnaet coGO TONBKO COBOKyNHOCTb HOpM, Cofep»xKaliMxca B KOH- ctutyunn PO. Konctutyyma PO Kak OcHOBHO 3aKOH ViMeeT CBOIO NorMKy NpaBosoro perynuposaHua M npyMeHeHna. MostoMy 3Ha4vMOCcTb CneUun- ps UKM KOHCTMTYUMOHHOrO BosgercTBMA Ha OGujecTBeHHbIe OTHOWeHUA MOXHO OUEHMTb M1 NPaBUNbHO VCTONKOBaTb TONbKO B cnyYae BbIAeNeHUA KOHCTUTYLMOHHbIX HOPM 8 OTAeNbHYIO OTpacNb pasa (ByTpyk H.B. Bep- HocTb Koxctutyyun: Mororpadua. M., 2008, c. 58-60). Yemeepmaa mouka 3penus 3aKIOYETCA B TOM, ITO TOCyapCTBeH- Hoe MpaBo culetyeT BbIJeTHTb B KavecTBe KOMMeKCHOl cocTaBHOli ¥aCTH KOHCTHTYMOHHOLO Mpaba, a He B KavecTBe OTAeMbHOM OTpacaM Tipapa. | Mecty 1 posi rocyfapcrBeHHon BnacTu B oGulecTse, cvcTeMe MW NpUHyNam «PyHKUVOHMpoOBaHNA OpraHos rocyfapcTseHHON anacTu. CeronHa rocyAap- 32KHeMLMM NONMTMKO-npaBoBbiM M OpraHy3auy- OHHbIM MexaHV3MoM, KOTOpBIN TpebyeT y¥eTa 3aKOHOMepHOCTen M ocobeH- HocTel ero cbyHKUMOHMposaHua. BMecTe CTEM HeMb3A OTpbIBaTb TOcyAapcT- BeHHOe NpaBO OT KOHCTMTYLMOHHOrO pasa, Pe 3anorkeHb! V3HAYANbHbIe pamku cytwectsogaHia rocyfapcTBeHHol BNacTM B CTpaHe (KOHCTTYLIMOH- “Hoe npaso Poccuu: yaebunk / "oa peg. A.H. Kokotosa, M.U. Kygyuiciana. -3° M., 2004, c. 24). . TOUKA 3PEHUA 3HaNTeNIbHaA 4aCTb MpeAMeTa KOHCTUTYUMOHHOTO NpaBa NocaslieHa bette ee Ha cerogHaMHnii Jeb KOHCTUTYWMOHHOe mpaBo ABIAeTCA ycTOH- UMBbIM HaMMeHOBaliveM. CIOpHOCTS OeHKH HavMeHOBaHHs AaHHOtt oTpacsu cileqyeT OTHECTH K Hay4HbIM NOWCKaM YTOUHeHHA Cofep2Ka- HM IpeqMeta KOHCTHTYUMOHHOrO (rocysapcTBeHHOTO) MpaBa. KoucTuryuvoHHoe 3akoHOfaTesbcTs0 H OTpacib KOHCTATYWH- onHoro mpaza. KoncruryMonHoe IpaBo Kak OTpacib NpaBa Mpen- ctTaBsiset co6oli COBOKYMHOCTD HOpM, perysMpylouNx obmecTBeEHHBIE OTHOMeHUA, OTHOCAIMeCH K MpeAMeTy ZaHHO oTpacaM. Sto coBo- KYNHOCTb HOpM, KOTOpBile ycTaHaBIMBalOTCA B PasIHYHbIX dopMax mpasa: Koxcrutyyuu P®, cexepanbubix 3akonax, yka3ax [Ipesugzen- ta P®, nocranopzenuax IIpasuterscraa P®, pasimuHbix HOpMaTHB- HBIX TpaBOBLIX aKTaX OpraHoB rocyfapcrBenHoli Baactu cy6beKTOB @egepaunu, opratos BaacTH MecTHOrO camoynipaBienua. Koucrury- UMOHHOe 3aKOHOAATeNbCTBO OTpaxkaeT Gomee y3KYI0 KaTeTOPHIO — CO- BOKYNHOCTb TOKO 3aKOHOMaTeMbHBIX akTOB PoccuiicKoli Denepa- Taaea 1. Koncmumyyuonnoe npaso: ompacas npaea, nayxa uuu u cy6bexros Dexepanun, perymupyloux oOmectBeHHBIe OTHO- meHMA, OTHOCAMIHECA K TpesMeTy KOHCTHTYMOHHOrO mpaBa. Takoe BEIeNeHMe HEOOXOAMMO /A TOFO, YTOGDI VUE OLCHUTS, mMpemcTa- BUTb AJA TONKOBAHMA HM MPHMeHeHHA COXKHYIO AByXypOBHeEBYI0 CuC- TeMy KOHCTHTYUMOHHOTO 3akOHOMaTeNbCTBa. DTa cHcTeMa COCTAaBJIAeT ocHoBy Bceli OTpaciM KOHCTHTYUMOHHOrO MpaBa, HO Mp 9TOM OHA MiMEET CBOIO JIOTHKY H XapakTepHble YepTbI pasBUTHA. 1.2 | Koneraryunonno-npaposnie HOpMpr: © = kaacchukanna, oco6enHoctm cozepxKanna H CTpykTypbi KoHcTuTyUMOHHO-npaBoBble HOpMbI — 3To obuweoba3zaTenbHble Npasuna noBeneHuA, YCTaHOBNeHHbIE uN Ca@HKLUMOHMpOBaHHble FOo- cyaapcteom, obecneyeHHble ero NpM“HyAMTeNbHON Cunon Mu perynu- pytouwne o6ujecTBeHHbie OTHOWEHMA, OTHOCALAMECA K NpeAMeTy KOH- CTUTYUMOHHOTO NpaBa. KouctutyyHoHHo-mpaBoBble HOpMBI, Tak 2ke KaK HM HOPMbI APyrux oTpaceli mpaba, xapakTepusyioTca obmeoba3aTembHocTh, (popMasb- Holt onpejlenenHOcTHIO, paciipocrpaHeHMem Ha HeonpeneneHublit Kpyr JM, HOpMaTuBHocTEIO. BMecre ¢ TeM KOHCTUTYNMOHHO-MpaBoBble HOpMbI UMelOT XapakTepHbie ocobeHHOCTH, ommyazoume UX OT HHBIX HOpM Mipaa. : Bo-nepévtx, KOHCTATYMMOHHO-IpaBoBble HOPMBI peryzmpyior oco- 6st xpyr o6mecrBeHHEIx OTHOMeHHIi, cBASAHHLIX C ycTAaHOBIeHHeM OCHOBHBIX MOJIHTHKO-IpaBOBbIX H AYXOBHO-HpaBCTBeHHBIX WeHHOcTelt o6tyectBa, OcHOB MpaBOBOTO TOMOXKeHHA YeMOBEKA B OOUIECTBe, TIpaBo- BBIX OCHOB AeATeEBHOCTH rparxkAaHcKoro ObulecTBa. Bo-emopeix, TOAbKO OHM pery.MpYIOT OTHOWMeHUA To OcyulecTBIIE- HMIO BACTH Haposa, 10 NpunasTeKHOCTH M OpraHusalun NomMTHYe- ckoit (ipex7e Bcero rocyzapcTBenHot) BracTH B ObulecTBe, M0 O6ec- MeYeHulo CyBepeHuTeTa TOcyAapcTBa M BepxXOBeHCcTBA papa. B-mpemoux, uM npucyua oco6ad comMasbHO-OmMTHYeCKad 3Ha- MMMOCTD U, Kak CJIe\CTBHE, NOBHIMeHHaA NpaBoBad OXpava UM 3allMTa. B-uemeepmvix, OHM BHICTYMaIOT MpaBOBbIMH cTaHAapTaMM AA MHDbIX OTpacJleli mpaBa. B-namoix, MHorne 13 HUX HMeIOT OOuIMii XapakTep MpaBoBOrO BOs- Aelicrpua. Sto mpennomaraer pasiM4ve B ONeHKe TpaBoBoro conepxa- HMA 9THX HOpM. vee . 23Koncmumyyuonnoe npaao Poccuu TIpo6zema HOpMaTHBHOCTH KOHCTHTYNMOHHO-NpaBoBbIx HOpM. B copetckoe spema 6bI10 pacipocrpaHeHo MHeHHe, YTO KOHCTHTYHH- OHHO-paBoBble HOpMbI OOulero XapakTepa He OGNaqaloT KayecTBOM HOPMAaTMBHOCTH. ITO Ka¥eCTBO BbIpaxkaeTCA B ocTpoeHun o6ujeo6a- 3aTeIbHOl Moe KOHKpeTHOrO NoBexenua sOLeli, KOHKpeTHOH npa- BoROMi CBASH, BbIPAKeHHO!i B MpaBax 1 OOAsaNHOCTAX Cy6beKTOB Tpa- pa. A eCJIH He yCTaHaBIMBaeTCA KOHKpeTHad MOJeNb TOBeLeHUA, TO Y 9THX HOPM HeT HOPMaTHBHOCTH, CIeOBaTeEMbHO, HET CaMOCTOATEIbHO- CTH B MX OCYIMecTBEHMM (T.e. OHH MOFYT OCYILeCTBIATECA TOABKO Ye- pes KOHKpeTHbIe HOPMbI MHBIX OTpacueli mpaBa). Ha camo zene axe O6uIMe KOHCTHTYUMOHHBIe HOpMEI H OcobeH- HO Te, B KOTOPBIX 3akpenAIOTCA BaKHeMIMe IPUHUMMI MOcrpoeHuA TOMMTMYeCKOl HM BKOHOMMYECKO! CHCTeMBI, MMeIoT Heo6xomMMbIi HOpMaTMBHBIi NoTeHItHal. [=| Wh ore TOUKA 3PEHMA Xora npegnucanue rocyfapcrBa, HaNpMMep B NONUTUYECKMX M NpaBo- BbIX NPHHYWNAx OGUYeCTBeHHOrO CTpOA, He BbIPAxKeHO B BYge Npaswna C ueTkuM ykazaHviem Ha npaba v OOA3aHHOCTH Cy6bexTOB, 3TO ykazaHne BCe Ke VMeeTCA B OOWEM cbopMe, CNeGOBaTeNbHO, HanMuo NpasoBar HOpMa, okaabiBaioujan OnpeneneHHoe perysupyioujee BosneiicTane Ha oBeneHve moge’ (OcHosuH B.C. Hopmb! copetckoro rocyfapcTeeHHoro npaea. M., 1963, c. 13, 14; JIyqy B.O, KoxcTuTyyMoHHble HOpMb! 1 NpaBooTHOWWe- Hua, M., 1997). . . B yacru 1 cr. 1 Koucrutyyum P® gaerca Hopma, onpesemsiomaa Halle Tocy#apcTBo kak J[eMOKpaTMuecKoe. 3ecb HET TpasMUMOHHO BpIpAKeHHOrO npabusia noBezenua. Ho sro o6mlee onpeneenue UMceT MOL{HOe HOpMaTHBHoe 3HaveHve. Ilonatuem B WaHHoM cilyyae O6o3HataloTca WeHHOCTH COBpeMeHHOTO TOHMMAaHHA jeMOKpaTiTecKoTo TocyAapCTBa, YTO, B CBOIO OYepenb, OOxsbIBAeT Ha- Wy TocytapcTBeHHyI0 BlacTb O6ecrieuMBaTb OCHOBHbIe CbOpMbI Hapo- NOBMACTUA, BEAYULYIO PON MpeAcTaBMTEMbHBIX OpraHoB, o6asaTemb- Hoe MpoBezeHHe BEIOOpoB. V3 CYQEBHOM NPAKTUKM No HOpmaTMBHOMy Cofep>KaHVii0 HOPM KOHCTMTYUMOHHOrO Npasa 06- lyero xapakTepa Of HO3Ha4HYIO NPaBoBYIO NO3MUMI0 BbICKazaN KOHCTUTYL- OHHbI Cy PO B nocraHoBnenun oT 27 sHBapA 1993 r. Ne 1-1. Mpwkunnb! cnpasegnsocr, lopuaMueckoro paBeHcTsa, rapatTMpoBaHHocTn rocy- Aapcrsom npas u cBo6og Yenoseka 4 rpaxganuna, 3akpenneHHble B KOH- ctutyuun PO, o6nagaior BbICWeN CTeneHbio HOpMaTMBHO OGCOWeHHOCTH, Trasa 1. Koucmumyxuonnoe npaso: ompaca» npasa, nayxa HOCAT YHUBePCaNbHbIli XapakTep M B CBASM C STM OKa3bIBalOT perynupyio- lee BO3feVicTBNe Ha BCe Ccbepb! OGLYeCTBeHHbIX OTHOWeHNA. O6uye06A3a- TeNbHOCTb TaKUX MPMHUMNOB COCTOMT Kak B NPMOPUTETHOCTH Nepen MHBIMN NpaBoBbIMM ycTaHoBneHMAMK, Tak VB pacnpoctpaheHun ux AevcTBMA Ha Bce cyObexTo! npasa. B-wecmbix, TpaMIMOHHO HOpMy MpaBa, COCTOSULYI0 U3 Tpex Oru weckHX YacTeli, TIpescTaBMOT: TuNOTesbI (yCNOBMA, IPH KOTOPBIX NIpHMeHseTCA JaHHad HOpMa), AMCTosMitMM (caMu MpaBusta MOBere- HMA) M CanKYHH (yKasaHa Ha HeraTMBHoe NocuecTBMe HeUcTOmHe- HMA OOsa3aHHOcTH). B HopMax KOHCTHTyWHOHHOrO TpaBa BHemTHe Yac- TO OTCyTCTBYeT Takoit anemeHT, Kak cauKnua. JlanHDIt Moment pac- cMaTPMBaeTCa Kak OCOGeHHOCTb 3THX HOpM. Ha caMoM gee Heub3a O{HOSHAYHO TOZXO/UTb K ITOMY BOMPOCY: BO-NepBHIX, MHOTHe HOPMbI KOHCTHTYQMOHHOTO NpaBa Comep»xaT caHKuHM (HalpuMep, B us6upa- TebHOM 3aKOHOMaTeNbCTBe HecoOMoseHMe MpaBusn cOopa momnHcelt us6upareneit Breyer 3a coboli oTkas B perucTpallun KaHpMaaTa B Ae- HYTATHI WIM CHMCKa KaHMaTOB B JelyTaTbI MomMTHYeCKUX MapTuit); BO-BTOpBIX, pq HOpM Koncruryiun P® npamo He yKasprBaer Ha O1- pefleueHHble CaHKIMH, HO OHM IpeqycmarpuBalotcs B apyrux HopMax Koncrutyuuu P®. :.: eo aber be “ Hanpumep, 8 ct. 114 KoHctuTyymn PO 3akpennsiotca nonHomouna Mpasn- TeNbCTBa, OBHAKO B HOPMe AaHHOM CTaTbM He NpenyCMoTpeHb! CaHKLIMM 3a HeNC- NONHeHHVe STHxX NONHOMONH, OHV 3akpenneHbl B Tex HopMax KoHcTuTyUMM PO, Te rosopurca 06 oTBeTCTBeHHOCTH MpasuTenbctBa PO nepen Mpe3sugertom PO w nepeg napnameHtom (4. 2, 3 ct. 117). B-rperbux, B HOpMax Apyrux oTpacatelt mpapa TakKe He BCera MOXKHO BbIEIUTb B KAaYeCTBE OCHOBHOTO a/eMeHTa CaHKIMIO (Halipu- MEP, B HOpMax Tpyozor0, ceMeiiHoro mpaBa). DopmambHoe orcytct- BMe CaHKUMM B HOpMe, 3akperlweHHOli B KOHKpeTHO CraTbe, He O3Ha- “aeT yulepOHOcTb HOpMBI MpaBa Kak CaMOCTOsATeNbHOTO peryssATOpa. Ecam 6osee mmpoxo HoHMMarb JOruky TocTpoeHa HOpMbI Mpawa, TO Ova, Kak 65I 3aKOHOMaTeMb HM NOCTPoMA ee MOrM¥ecKoe Comep»KaHHe, ABIAeTCA OOMeObASATENBHBIM [paBHJIOM HOBeAeHUA, KOTOPOe BbIpa- %K€HO B CHcTeMe IipaBa (B TO! uM MNO KOHKpeTHOH OTpaciM WIM B Pane orpacei) u o6ecreveHo npunyAUTenbHOii cunol rocyzapcTBa. Tlostomy Bueumee orcyTeTBue caHKIMH B payle HOpM KOHCTUTYHOH- HOYo [paBa ABJIACTCA AMIS OAHOM U3 (POPMaIbHBIX OCObeHHOCTe!t 10- CTpoeHuA AaHHbIX HOpM. heaKoncmumyyuonnoe npaso Poccun Taasa 1. Koucmumyyuonnoe npago: ompacas npasa, nayxa TOUKA 3PEHMA ‘ . Foy she BHewHee OTcyTCcTsve CaHKUM B KOHKpeTHOM HOpMe He OTBepraeT BO3- MOKHOCTH rocy@aPCTBEHHOTO NpMHy>kAeHMA B cnyyae ee HapyweHMA (JTy- yuu B.O. Kouctutyuua Poccuiackon Denepaunu. Npobnemet peanv3aunn. M., 2002, c. 30, 31). * || Kaacencbukagua HOpM KOHCcTHTyuMOHHOTO npaga. Hopmbi KOH- CTMTYUMOHHOFO TpaBa NOApasleMAIOTCA Ha BHAI B 3aBHCMMOCTH OT OC- HoBaHua wiaccupuKayun. Karxqaa rpynna HOpM uMeeT cBou ocobeH- HOCTH BosselicTBuA Ha OOmlecTBeHHIe OTHOMeHMA. [losToMy JIA BbI- ABJICHHA PeTYAATUBHBIX BOSMOXKHOCTeM Tex HIM HHBIX HOPM B HayYHOH MTepatype BbIAeMAIOT 10 PALY KPUTepHes OTAeMbHbIe BALL HOPM. TpaduuMoHHo MCHOsb3YIOTCA HECKObKO OCHOBaHMI At KACCH- ¢bukaiju HOpM KOHCTHTyUMOHHOrO MpaBa. Hopmpt KoHCTUTYNHOHHO- TO MpaBa MO2%HO KaccucpHMpOBaTh 110: 1) o6beKTy KOHCTHTYIMOHHO-npaBoBoro peryMpoBaHHs; 2) crenleHu ompesteyleHHOCTH M POM B Mexali3Me MpaBoworo pery- AMpoBanus; 3) xapaktepy ocHOBHOro HasHayeHHAa conepacalinexe mpemmuca- Hui; NRAME SD of cet as. 4) xapaktepy o6a3aTembHOCTH Cofep»xKalxca npeancaisnily 5) Tepputopun pelicTBus; 6) qelicTBuI0 BO BpeMeHH. Ilo o6vexmy npasosozo pezynuposanun BbIeMAIOTCA CienyIoulHe Ipyltibl HOpM: 1) saKpenamomme u perysMpyloulve OcHOBbI KOHCTHTYIMOHHOTO cTpos; . 2) ycranapmMpalollite MpaBOBy10 CBASb JMMa Cc TOcytapcTBoM (rpa- 2KaHCTBO) M OCHOBbI MpaBOBOrO CTaTyca JUTHHOCTH; 3) saxpenaaiomtue demeparuBHoe ycTpoiicrso; 4) ycraHapmuBalomle 4 perysMpyloume nopsz0K o6pasoBpanua 1 AeATeMbHOCTb OpraHoB rocyfapcTBeHHO! BacTH; 5) ycTaHaBamBaloulMe M perysMpylonime OcHOBDI MecTHOrO CaMo- yupapnenna. To cmenenu onpedenennocmu u xapaxmepy pezyamuenozo 6o3deii- cmeus M POM B MexaHH3Me MpaBoBOro peryAMpOBAHMsA pasmMualoTcsA HOPMbI-YCTaHOBKH Mt HOpMbI-paMKu. K HopMaM-ycTaHOBKaM OTHOCAT- CA HOPMbI-Ile1M, HOpMbI-ONpeseseHHA, HOPMbI-3aladH, HOPMbI-TIpuH- IWMIIbI, HOPMbI — HCTOPHYECKHe CrIpaBKM. OTH HOPMbI MHave HasbIBalOT o6mIMMM HOpMamu. eae hh ape tre vias. Hanpumep, B Koctutyymn P® 8 npeamGyne 3axpennenbi Hopmel — uicTo- puieckve cnpasKku (MbI, MHOrOHaMOHANbHbI Hapog, COeAMHEHHbIe OOU\ei cyap6oii Ha cBoed 3emne) 4 Hopmei-3aga4n (Bo3poguTb cysepeHHyio rocygap- CTBEHHOCTb POCCUN UM yTBepANTb HesbiGneMocTb ee JeMOKPaTHeCKON OCHOBEI; obecneuT Gnaronony4ne 1 npousetanne Poccuu); 8 4. 1 cr. 1 KoHctuty- uuu PO — Hopmbi-onpenenexua (Poccua ectb AemMoKpatueckoe chenepatus- Hoe npaBoBoe rocyapcTBo ¢ pecny6nukaHcKor opmon npaenenu_|); 8 cr. 10 Koxctutyunu PO — HopMbI-npukuynel (rocyapcrBeHHan BracTb ocyuecTana- ercn 3 OcHoBe pa3qeneHna Ha 3aKOHOAATeNbHYyIO, MCNONHUTeNbHyIO U cyneb- HytO. B HopMax-paMkax BbipaskaeTca onpeslenenHoe npaBuno moBeze- HMA, OHM Goslee KOHKPeTHEI B peryATHBHOM Bo3selicTBMM. Hanpumep, Mpesugent PO Ha3Hauaer c cornacna Tocynapcrsennon ay bi Mpeacenatena Npasutenbctea Poccun (n. «a» ct. 83 KoHcTuTyyMU PO). Ho xapaxmepy ocnosnozo nasnauenua cBoux IpernMcanuit HOpMBI KOHCTHTYUMOHHOTO MpaBa AeNATCA: 1) Ha ynpasomouBaioulne — B HUX ycTaHaBsMBaeTca BO3MONK- HOCTb Ollpef{eeHHOro MoBeqeHUs; Hanpumep, pewenua v neictava oprakos rocysapcrBeHHon Bnact, noOmK- HOCTHBIX Ny MoryT ObITb O6>kamoBaHb! 8 cyg (4. 2 cr. 46 KoncruTyynn PO). 2) o6a3brBaloulMe — B KOTOpBIX ycTaHaBAMBaeTcA BapMalT HeEO6- XOqMMOrO ToBeqeHUA; Hanpumep, v3MeHeHve rpaHuiy TeppuTopnit, B KOTOpbIX OcyujecTBAAeTCA MecTHOe CamoynpasneHne, HonyckaeTca C yYeTOM MHeHUA HaceneHiA CooTBeT- cTeyioutnx TeppuTopun (4. 2 or. 131 Koncrutyunn Po). 3) sanpemmaiontue — 8 KOTOpbIX ycraHaBsMBaeTca 3amper Ha CoBep- WeHe onpexeneHHbix peficTBHil. . Hanpumep, npuryguTenbHbii Tpym 3anpewen (4. 2 cr. 37 Kouctutyuuu PO). Ho xapaxmepy o623ameasnocmu npednucanuii Hope KOHCTHTy- WMOHHOrO MpaBa nospasszeAloTca: 1) Ha umnepaTBubie — B KOTOPEIX BBIParkeHo crporo ompemesten- Hoe MpaBiiio ToBeqenua, He TOMycKaiomee KakUX-TH60 OTCTyMIeHUi OT cchopMysMpoBaHHoro mpaBita; we ae