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In russian language
we have a thing called "" so every object has its "". Book
() is a female in our language so it will be " ",
tea() is male so it would be " ".
references to a neutral gender, for example ""(face) -
" ". is all about plural. " "- "my
flowers", or " " - "my flower"
-- plural
-- my son
-- my field
-- my daughter
-- my childre
: have, has, is
eat
be
there is/are
I have an idea
: there is a suggestion
- : there is something in that thing
:::::: him, than him
: Hi
good night
,
is for masculine nouns:
= this chair
= this boy
= this rice
= this notebook
= this horse
= this apple
= this sea
= this task
= these boys
= these girls
= these apples
What Is Confusing
You may have noted that "" can be both a demonstrative pronoun and a demonstrative
adjective of the neuter gender. So, " " may mean both "this apple" and "this is an
apple", and without context you can only tell them apart by the first capital letter and a fullstop in
case it is a sentence.
A Rule of Thumb
If you can replace "this/that/these/those" with "it" or "they" use the undeclined ""
(demonstrative pronoun)
Examples:
Declensions
For those who already made it to the Russian case system, here is the declension table for the
demonstratives. I placed neuter next to masculine because their forms are the same in many
cases.
?
Here is my notebook. How do you say "Good bye"?
!
How do you say "Thank you"?
.
. = Zdravstvuyte=====halllo
Sorry =
- perfect
= what is wrong
Far away
Unlike English (at/in school), in Russian each "place" is associated with just one preposition.
The rough overall rule is: use (in, at) when talking about buildings and places with certain
boundaries and use (on, at) when talking about open spaces or events:
(at home), (at school), (in the room), (in the theater),
(at the cinema), (at the university)
Prepositional endings
Use + Genitive when talking about being at some persons place: , = Yeah, I am
at my friends place.
WC
The room with a toilet is . In this course, we stick to the North American "bathroom",
even though a room with a bath is, technically (it has , "a bath"). Still, in Russian
you would not ask for a "bath-room" unless you really mean it.
Well deal with that later. But the pattern is consistent. When you are somewhere, going to that
place and going away from that place, use the following triplets:
AT TO FROM
+ Prep + Acc + Gen
+ Prep + Acc + Gen
+ Gen + Dat + Gen
For example, if the place is used with , the correct prepositions for the three uses are .
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