32.

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IBM PC . . 7-, . . - .:

-, 1997. - 640 .: .
ISBN 5-86225-292-4
, , , ,
DOS Windows,
- Norton Commander, Norton Utilities, , Aidstest, Dr. Web, ADinf, Norton Backup, Norton Antivirus
.. , , , , DOS Windows ..
.
IBM PC .
32.973
ISBN 5-86225-292-4
c.., 1990
c . . , . ., 1996

IBM PC
16.11.96. 84108 ). <>.
- In-Art Publisher. . . .. 67,2. 50 000 .
070824 21.01.1993 .
<->, 127247, , , 107


...................
........
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11
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1. ...................................................... 17
1. ...................................................................................................
19
1.1. ; 1.2. ,
;
1.3. ; 1.4. ; 1.5.

; 1.6. IBM PC; 1.7. ;
1.8. IBM PC; 1.9. ;
1.10. .
2.
...............................................................................................31
2.1. IBM PC; 2.2. ; 2.3.
;
2.4. ; 2.5. ; 2.6. - .
3. ,
...................................................................39
3.1. ; 3.2. ; 3.3.

; 3.4. ; 3.5.
;
3.6. -; 3.7. .
4. .................................................................................
49
4.1. ; 4.2. ; 4.3.
; 4.4. ; 4.5. ; 4.6.

; 4.7. ; 4.8.
.
5.
.................................................................................................55
5.1. ; 5.2. ; 5.3.

; 5.4. ; 5.5. InterNet WWW; 5.6.

IntraNet.
2. ..............................................................67
6. ,
.........................................69

6.1. ; 6.2.
;
6.3. .
7.
...................................................................................75
7.1. ; 7.2. ; 7.3.
;
7.4. ; 7.5. .
8. .......................................................................................................
81
8.1. ; 8.2. ; 8.3. Windows 95

; 8.4. ; 8.5. ; 8.6.

; 8.7.
; 8.8. * ? ; 8.9. ; 8.10.
.
9.
.................................................................91
9.1. ; 9.2. ; 9.3.
;
9.4. ; 9..
.
4

10.
.................................................99
10.1. ; 10.2. ; 10.3.
;
10.4. < >; 10.. ; 10.6.
.
11. ........................................................................
109
11.1. ; 11.2. ; 11.3.
;
11.4. ; 11.5. ; 11.6.

; 11.7. ; 11.8.

; 11.9. . *
3. .......................................125
12.
............................................................................127
12.1. ; 12.2.
.
13. ............................................................
133
13.1. ; 13.2. ; 13.4. ; 13.5. ; 13.6.

 ; 13.7. ; 13.8. CD; 13.9. ; 13.10.

;
13.11. ; 13.12. ; 13.13.
;
13.14. ; 13.15. ;
13.16.
-; 13.17. - ; 13.18.
; 13.19.
(); 13.20. .
14. IBM
PC................................................................167
14.1. ; 14.2.
;
14.3. ; 14.4. , ; 14.5.
; 14.6. ; 14.7.

; 14.8. ; 14.9.
;
14.10. (); 14.11.
(DOS, Windows,
Windows 95, OS/2 Warp Windows NT).
4. MS DOS ......................................................183
15.
DOS ......................................................................................184
15.1. MS DOS; 15.2. DOS; 15.3.

; 15.4. DOS; 15.5.

DOS; 15.6. .
16.
DOS.....................................................................................194
16.1. DOS; 16.2. ; 16.3. ; 16.4.

DOS; 16.5. ; 16.6. <>

; 16.7. ; 16.8.

; 16.9. DOS; 16.10.
DOS.
17.
DOS.........................................................................................201
17.1. ; 17.2. ; 17.3. ;
17.4. ; 17.5. () ; 17.6.

; 1/.7. ; 17.8. ; 17.9.

; 17.10. ; 17.11.

; 17.12. .

 18.
DOS .....................................................................................214
18.1. ; 18.2. ; 18.3.

; 18.4. ; 18.5. ; 18.6.

; 18.7. ; 18.8.

; 18.9. ; 18.10.

.

19.
DOS .....................................................................221
19.1. ; 19.2. ; 19.3.
; 19.4.
.
20.
DOS..........................................................................................224
20.1. ; 20.2.
;
20.3. DOS; 20.4. ; 20.5,

; 20.6. ; 20.6. ;
20.7.
.
21. DOS
.......................................234
21.1. ; 21.2.

; 21.3. DOS; 21.4.

; 21.5. DOS; 21.6.

.
5. Norton Commander............................................................................ 239
22. Norton Commander:
.......................................................................240
22.1. Norton Commander; 22.2. Norton Commander;
22.3.
Norton Commander; 22.4. Norton Commander; 22.5.

( ); 22.6. DOS; 22.7.

;
22.8. ; 22.9. .
23. Norton Commander:
.........................................248
23.1. Norton Commander; 23.2. Norton

Commander;
23.3. ; 23.4. ; 23.5.
;
23.6. <Enter>; 23.7. ; 23.8.

; 23.9. ; 23.10. ; 23.11.

.
24. Norton Commander:
....................................................................258
24.1. ; 24.2. ; 24.3.
;
24.4. ; 24.5. Norton
Commander;
24.6. Norton Commander; 24.7.

; 24.8. ; 24.9.
;
24.10. ; 24.11. ; 24.12.

; 24.13. ; 24.14.
;
24.15. .
25. Norton Commander:
.................................................................278
25.1. ; 25.2. , ,
;
25.3. ; 25.4. ; 25.5.
;
25.6. .
26. Norton Commander:
.....................................................................283
26.1. ; 26.2. ; 26.3.
;
26.4. ; 26.5. .
27. Norton Commander:
..................................................290
27.1. ; 27.2. ; 27.3. ; 27.4.

; 27.5. ; 27.6. ; 27.7.

.
28. Norton Commander:
...................................................296
28.1. ; 28.2. ; 28.3.

; 28.4. Norton Commander .

6
29. Norton Commander:
........................................................299

29.1. ; 29.2.

; 29.3. ,
;
29.4. ; 29.5. ; 29.6.

; 29.7. Norton Commander; 29.8. Norton Commander; 29.9.

.GIF-.
30. Norton
Commander ...................................................................313
30.1. ; 30.2. ; 30.3.

; 30.4. Norton Commander; 30.5.

.
6. ........................................................................................ 315
31.
.....................................................................317
31.1. ; 31.2. ;
31.3. ; 31.4. ; 31.5.
;
31.6. ; 31.7. ; 31.8. ; 31.9.

; 31.10. ; 31.11.
;
31.12. ; 31.13. ; 31.14.
;
31.15. ; 31.16. ; 31.17.

; 31.18. ; 31.19. ; 31.20. ;

31.21. ; 31.22. ; 31.23.
;
31.24. ; 31.25. ;
31.26.
.
7. DOS ....................................................... 345
32.
DOS ...........................................................................................347
32.1. ; 32.2. ; 32.3.

; 32.4. ; 32.5.

; 32.6. ; 32.7.
;
32.8. ; 32.9.
;
32.10. ; 32.11. ; 32.12.

.
33.
DOS.......................................................................354

33.1. -; 33.2.
;
33.3. PKZIP/PKUNZIP ARJ; 33.4. ; 33.5.

; 33.6. ; 33.7.
;
33.8. ; 33.9. ; 33.10.

; 33.11. ; 33.12.
ARJ;
33.13. ; 33.14.

; 33.15. .
34.
................................................................................371
34.1. ; 34.2. ; 34.3.

MS DOS; 34.4. ; .5.

; 34.6. .
35.
DOS ...................................................................................376
35.1. ; 35.2.
;
35.3. ; 35.4. ; 35.5.
;
35.6. ; 35.7.
.
36.
DOS......................................................................392
36.1. - Aidstest Dr. Web; 36.2. ; 36.3.

; 36.4. - ADinf; 36.5.

ADinf; 36.6.

ADinf; 36.7. ADinf; 36.8. ADinf Cure Module -

8

47. Windows..........................................................
509
47.1. ; 47.2. ; 47.3.

; 47.4. ; 47.5. ; 47.6.

;
47.7. ; 47.8. .
48.
Windows ......................................................................521
48.1. ; 48.2. ; 48.3. ;
48.4.

; 48.5. .
10. Windows ..............................................531
49.
Windows.............................................................................532
49.1. ; 49.2.
;
49.3. ; 49.4. ; 49.5.

; 49.6. ; 49.7.

.
50.
Windows ..........................................546
50.1. Norton Backup for Windows; 50.2. ;
50.3. ; 50.4. ; 50.5.
;
50.6. ; 50.7. ; 50.8.

; 50.9. ; 50.10.
;
50. II. ; 50.12.
;
50.13. ; 50.14. Norton Backup
for Windows;
50.15. ; 50.16.
Windows 95.
51.
Windows..................................................................................575
51.1. ; 51.2. Norton Antivirus; 51.3. ;
51.4. ; 51.5. ; 51.6.
(
Norton Antivirus Auto-Protect; 51.7.
;
51.8. ; 51.9. ; 51.10.

; 51.11. .
11. Windows......................................................................... 589
52. Windows..................................................................................................
591
52.1. Windows; 52.2. ; 52.3.
;
52.4. ; 52.5. ; 52.6.

; 2,7. Windows; 52.8.

Windows.
53.
Windows....................................................................................601
53.1. ; 53.2. ; 53.3.

; 53.4. ; 53.5. Windows;

53.6.
.
54.
Windows......................................................................613
54.1. Windows-; 54.2. DOS;
54.3. , Windows; 50.4.

, Windows for Workgroups; 54.5. ,

Norton Utilities Norton Desktop for Windows.
.................................................................................................... 623
I. (624); 2.
(625); 3. (626);
4.
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host adapter(s), 1 target(s)
ASPIDISK Driver for DOS, version 3.3, Copyright (C) 1994 Adaptec, Inc.
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1 SCSI disk(s) handled by ASPIDISK, 1 logical drive(s) installed
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TROPEZ Audio Card Initialization Utility, Version 2.00
Copyright (C) 1993-94 Crystal Semiconductors Corp..
MSCDEX Version 2.33
Copyright (C) Microsoft Corp. 1986-93 All rights reserved
Drive H: = Driver ASPICDO unit 0
MODE prepare code page function completed
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Norton Commander: ................... 290
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22
Norton Commander:
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1.02.93 2:04

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, Q, Q, (), CD , , .
, :
(PgUp) (PgDn) ( ) ;
(Ctrl)F1 (Ctrl]?) ;
[ ) ) ;
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() () ( ).
, , , - . ,
. (Enter).
,
, (Shift) , ,
.


,
. .
131
(Ctrliro), (Ctrl] ,
(A-Z 1-26, "[", "\", "]", "'", "_"
2731). , 12 (
) (11)(^) ( Ctrl) ().
, .
().
:
) ;
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;
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:
(?) ;
[ Shift ]^2] (
___ );
(Tip) -^ ;
[Shift )LF10) ;
(F9) ;
(TT^IjT^)
( , );
24. Norton Commander:

Windows

(]) (19) , .- : Backups will be created ( ), Backups will not be created

( ).
:
(FT)
. ;
fShift)CF7) . ;
) (FT) .

, Case sensitive (
), , .
:
(F4) .
;
(ShiftirpT) ;
) CFT]
.

.
Norton Commander
. ,
.
, (^.
(^.
:
(Shift)CF3) ;
(F5) ;
(") ;
CFB) ;
) () ( ,
, ).
Norton Commander 5.0 Windows (. .
42.6). Windows
) [FT), DOS (. . 15.6) ) FF2T , .


:
(] () ;
( Shift) (^ .
(] (Isc^, , , ,
. :

5. Norton Con-irnander

Save ()
;
Don't save ( ) ,
;
Continue editing ( ) .
Norton Commander 64800
. , . : View ()
; Cancel () .
Q Q (Enter).
, -
, , Norton Commander.
24./.
F5

 Norton Commander (^).

- ( ,

), , ( ) .
, (), ,
() .
Norton
Commander.
, Norton Commander 5.0 . , : ,
, , ,
.
- ,

.
, , .
Norton
Commander,
, .
, .
, : Copy: 3 files ( : 3 ).
() , () (), . ,
, , .
24. Norton Commander:
: "emm386. sys
"
[] ]

[[
J
]
^
^10 1::::: 1 1:;:;:;: 1
^-:
"^
//*//......'. - :.^i:.i'x^,' '\^:w^&"}w
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:
, ;
(
, * ?).
, ) FIO Tree (FIO ), , .

[Enter]. Copy: (:)

, , -, .
, ,
(). .
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.
Norton Commander . , ,
"" , ,
. ( ),
;
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Filters ()
, (. 23).
,
, , ;
Copy newer files only ( ) ,
;
Check target space ( ) ,
Norton Commander .
(Not enough room to copy/move, / ).
.
Continue () -
( ), Cancel () .
. (
)

Norton Commander. ,
, ( , )

, .
, Include sub directories ( ), ,
.
, Copy (). ,
,
, . .

"
"
""

, : "You tried to copy more than one file to a file name" (" , ... ").
,
, .
- ,
.
, , , , : "The file ...
already exist. Do you wish to write over the target file?" ( ... . ?). :
Overwrite () ,
,
() ( );
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fJsc).
. Copy newer
files only ( ),
, ,
. ,
, Norton Commander .
, , " "
"", Norton Commander
, : "The file ... is a read only file. Do you wish to write
over the target file?" ( ... . ?).
:
Overwrite () ,
;
()

 " " "" ;

Skip () ;
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, , .
(, )
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... ...).
( { Enter) FEicT)), . , , ,
.
(, ) , , "Insert another disk in drive ..." ( ...). ., .
, .
().
, Cancel
(.) (Esc].
, , , , ,
. : "Unable to create file ..."
( ...).
(Enter) ), .
24.8.
,
,

CRT). Norton Commander / ( , * ?),

Rename/Move ().

Norton Commander ,
.
, (
) . Norton Commander ,
, :
,
(), ^;
(),
).
(Move), (Copy), : : 3 (
Move: 3 files);


(Rename), ,
, Rename/Move
( , ).
. ,
Norton Commander ,
( ) ,

. .

24.9.
F8 -

Norton Commander
(^). Norton Commander :
- ( ), ;
( ) .

title, ai-j
[ ]

(ID.
(. . ).
. - Use Filters ( )
, ,
, . , .
/.1.!/"1' 1!)1'1!
'J^).ti^'^oa
l-'.iifLiolOf
Delete ().
, ,
(Enter). .
,
- (. ).
, .

 3 1 .
[[
] ]

[X]

^

^
, -

, (). .
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.
, Delete empty directories
( ).
( ), ;
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, (. 23). ,
, , ;
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. , ,
.
,
Delete ().
3<>>' 1-
( ) include sub
directories ( ) , ( ) Delete empty directories ( )
.
2. Include sub directories
( ) .

:
:
D: \VF\USTAV\dogovor. txt
las. 1
:
Delete () ,
;
All () (
) ;
24. Norton Commander:

Skip () , ;
Cancel () .
(^jc) Cancel ().
, Include sub directories
( ) ,
:
:
________ SUBDIR_____________ ___________
^ ^ [



"
"
""

:
Delete () (, )
, ;
All () ( ) ;
Skip () , ;
Cancel () . () Cancel ().
- ,
.
" " / "" Norton
Commander , : "The following file is marked
Read only ... Do you still wish to delete it?" ( ... ?). :
Delete () ;
() " " "" ;
Skip ()
;
Cancel () . (Ejc).
Delete empty directories ( )
(-
,
" " / "" ..),

 : "Unable to delete directory ... because it is not empty" ( ... .. ).

24.10.


, . Norton Commander
, ,
, .
,
.
Norton Commander, :
, , ..
.
5. Norton Commander
i'i.)l)i.ilvl<-lpl,l
.<1

1. , .
2. , .
3. (1)(7).
, .
24.1. , Start
() . , , (Enter).
., .'."./ 1.,'.11.'i 1 2 , ,

.
, . 24.1, :
Find Files ( ())
, . * ?,
, ;
Location(s) (()) .
, , .
.
;
Containing () ,
. ( ).
Regular Expression ( ) Containing
() (. ). .

 , .
3.1"1;1 1. () FIO Tree (FIO ), .
(
(Enter)) Location(s) (())
.
2. Location(s) (()) DOS, . ,
, DOS ,

, .
Search Locations ( )
, (, ()):
Entire disk ( ) , Entire disk ( ). , ,
Drive (). Norton Commander
;

() []_ __ __ ___ __
() [D:\VF\USTAV\USTAV_X
[
] [ ]

()
( ) ()
( ) ( )

[ ]
[ ]
I .F10,^gp6BO)^ 1

. 24.1.



Location (s) and above (() ) ,
Location(s) ((.)), ;
Location(s) only ( ()) , Location(s) (()).
, -:
Find duplicates ( )
, ( ) . (,
);
Text files only ( ) . , 100 ( ).

/ [01.01.96 [01.01.96

]]
[1024 [
]]

[] [ ] []
1^11

[] ] []

\. 1 ~\#;
:...:::.: ^^..^

,
. 24.1, Advanced (), .


, .

,
( Directory
() ).
File date
( /
)
:
After () , 01.05.96 10:00. ( )
;
Before () , 01.07.96 12:00. ( )
.
File size ( ) : Above () ; Below
() .

 Attribute filters ( )
. Hidden (), System
(), Read Only ( ), Archive () . None ( ), , ,
. Directory (), ,
.
, ., (. 24.1). , Cancel (). Clear all ( )
() .
,
. :
;
( Quit FF ())
;
: Stop ()
, View () ,
Goto ( ) .



( ),
(), Q, (PgUp) (PgDn), ( ).
(
) Q, Q, (PgUp] (PgDnJ.
,
View () (^
. , .




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(Esc) Stop () .
( )
(. 24.2):
New Search () ;

View () ,

.
;
Goto ( )
, .
( ) :
Send to Panel ()
(
) Norton
Commander (. . 24.11);
. 24.2.
Quit FF () ^
( ). ).
. Norton Commander
Send. to Panel () , . 24.2, ,
. Left () Right
() Find file panel ( ).
D:\CS20\XXX

report, txt 6 768 22.08

95
14:27 1
D: \SONATA\XXX
jJrnal. txt 61 597 3.09 95
15:38 :
D:\VF\DOC\KVAR
konkovol. txt
4 554 18.11
.95
11':48 :"
konkovo. txt
6221 18.11
95
7:32 dogpr5n. txt
7 278 29.11
. 95
4:08 :
d09P"5. txt7 278 29.11
.95
4:08
( ) [*. txt
]
( ) [D: \VF\USTAV\USTAVX
]
[
] [X]
1
U^^r.
n.,i.i.
() D:
[ ] 1
( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
[ 1

: ' 24
\ j^j 1 ^, [~
"1.... [I

i
24. / /.
Norton Commander 5.0 Norton Commander. : , ,
..
273




:\
lfnbk
txt
DA1SBW1 IsOwfile
txt
D: \1SBW3 Isbwfile
txt
D: \1SBW3\DB
bmpt r3
D; \1SBW3\DB
bmptrans
0- \1SBW3\OB
bmpt rs
D: \1SBWIN
Isbwfile
D:\1SB11 isbadd
txt
D:\1SBP20 Isbnet
txt
D:\1SBP20 Isbtopr?
txt
D: \1SBP201c
txt
D:\1SBP20 newl 1
txt
D:\1SBP20 newOop
txt
D:\1SBP20 newpr2
txt
D:\1SBP20 readme
txt
D: \1SBP20\WIN
michange
Isbwfile.txt 113 27.03.95

txt
txt
txt
txt

txt
0:00

(. 24.2) Send to
Panel (), (
) Left ()
Right () Find file panel
( ). ,
Norton Commander
.

,
,
.
,
: , , , , ,
.. :

, ;

, ;
, .
, ) () ( . ,
(Ctrl )(^[Ctrlj(TT).

^
'

 " ".
[1] 24.12.

, .
( ) .
Norton Commander
* ?, , . , DOS
, - .
, ,
:
{] . , []*.* ,
, , :
\_1-2] . ,
[0-9]*.* , , ;
{"] , . , ["YZ]*.* , Y Z, ;
{"1-2] ,
. , ["0-9]*.* , ,
.
5. Norton Commander

. 1.
. , [A-CFX-Z]*.* , , ,
, F, X, Y Z, [A-ZO-9J*.* ,
.
2. .
3. ("-"),

.
, [--]*. * , , , - .
Norton Cornrnander .
:
"- .

, *.SYS "CONFIG.SYS .SYS, CONFIG.SYS . *.* '". "*.

, . ..

, ,
. ,
Regular Expression ( ).

:
? ;
* , .
} :
1-2} ;
"] , ;
"1-.2] ,
;
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\r (CR, 10);
\t ( 09);
(
CR LF);
$ .
. 1. ( Regular Expression ( ))
.

, .
2. (. ), . , [A-CFX-Z]
,
, , F, X, Y Z.

: , . , [- X-Z]
, , , X, Y, L .
3. ("-"),

.
, [--] , , - .
4.
, . , []-]

], , .
~[] Copy copy, ;
[Bt)]lock[Rr]read(*);$ blockread ( b , ,
, .

LLI 24.13.
Norton Commander
, . 24. Norton Commander:

"Files", "File attributes" ("", " "). :
- (
),
;
( ) .

[ ]
[]
[ ]
1

()
. []
("Read only"
, "Archive" ,
"Hidden" , "System"
), D [ ] .

(), (), Q Q
[). , Set (). ,
Cancel () (Esc).
"-4

0
] [ ] [ ] [ ]
[ ] [ ] [ 3

[ ]
^ [,;, 1 ^:

(. .

[ ]

).
. Set
()
,

,
Clear () ,
.
, .
:
include sub directories ( ) ( ),
;
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Filters ()
, (. 23).
,
, , .
, Set ().
, Cancel
() ).

24.14.
( )
Norton Commander (11)(^).
.
Norton Commander : "Are you sure
you want to print ..." ( ...). OK ' 17), .
.
1.
: , .
2. Norton Commander
"Error
1)11 device lpti: Write fault" ( LPTI: ). , Abort () (Iscj, Retry () .
3. "Commands",
"Configuration", "Printer/Mouse" ("", "", "/").
, , PostScript . , PostScript- :
.
4. ( PostScript) Norton Commander .

5. (, )
, ( 12),

. , . copy con prn,

a
[Ctrl)(T), [Enter).
( , , Norton
Commander), ( (Ctrl)^9) Norton Commander
DOS: copy /b - prn) .
24.15.
,
. Norton Commander 5.0
: ()
.
^
(Ctrl) ). Norton
Commander . , (Ctrl)CFTo) ,
Norton Commander () .

'msdos. zip"
[1457664
]
[4 ]
]
).::.:::
{.
1 FIO- \,
.' . ;;:;:..;:;::: ::'.: . .:..;:;:;:;:;:;:;:;:;:;:;:;:;:
Wffffff^f^?
^s&SS^ff"^i^^

,
.
, Norton Commander ,

.
, , () FIO Tree (FIO
), ,
.

(Enter). (Split)
.
: Split Sie (
) Number of Splits ( ). 24. Norton Commander:

, . .
Delete file after split ( ). , .
, Split (). - , , , 001, 002 .. ,
MSDOS.ZIP MSDOS.OOI, MSDOS.002 ..
.
_.,_ .....1. , Norton
Commander .
- ,

.
2. , Norton Commander
. 001

.
:
1. Norton Commander (
).
____ ___
2. 1:(.
Norton Commander .
, , . ,
, , ,
Norton Commander (
).

4 [: \ZIP204\msdos
[ ^

1 FIO-^ ]
1 ]
"!^iiiiW!!!!!!!!!!!-

, , (] F10 Tree (FIO
), ,
.

 (Enter). (Merge)
.
Delete Split segments after merge (
). ,
.
, Merge (). . , ( ).
Norton Commander. ,
MSDOS.OOF; MSDOS.002 MSDOS.003 ( ) MSDOS.ZIP,
DOS: copy /b MSDOS.OOI + MSDOS.002 + MSOOS.003
MSDOS.ZIP.
25
Norton Commander:

25.1.
F7

(FT). Norton Commander

: Create the directory ( ).

(Enter). , (Isc).
Norton Commander ,
: Can't create directory ( ).
(Enter) .
, , :
; ;
; .
1^
,
1 , . . 25.3 25.4.
25.2. , ,

, ,
, .
, Norton Commander , , , . , , .
1 . ,

1 , . . 25.3 25.4.
25.3.

Norton Commander
, .

 , .
(+) Q ( )


.
. Auto change directory
( ) Commands
Configuration, Panel Options (, , ) , ,
Norton Commander , [Enter]
.
Norton Commander
(Left)
(Right) ( , ) (Tree).
1

AIDSTEST
OLD
DISKDUPE
MISC
^^^^^^ 4
NC-OLD
NCR
PKLTP112
SCAN
SOURCER
1ASMTOOL i
UNPACKER
1VIEWIT
\EXE\MSDOS

Norton Commander
(F9)CQ(T)
()

Norton Commander

(D ca
CED (a (5)



)^ ^^) ,
(Enter]. , (Ctrl](T3^(Ctrl)r^).

, ) , ,
. Norton Commander ,
. ,
, ( Ct rl ] (Enter).
, (EscT).
( )
((ID), ((^), ((6^), (!))
() 5^) ,
. (CFT)).
Norton Commander
( ), TREEINFO.NCD,
. Norton Commander TREEINFO.NCD
. TREEINFO.NCD
(,
DOS). Norton Commander . , ,
"Do you wish to re-scan drive ...?"
( ...?) Yes ()
(Enter).

25.4.
Norton Commander
( ), .

. Norton Commander
.


,
(AlDCHo]. . Norton Commander ( ), .
J.IJ.IJ.1.1J.LJ.I.I.IJ.I.I=
\ 1

1 "MSSTFOF.
-CONFIS CUSTOM

MOSAIC ~^^^l^^^ PLUGINS ^^ BRUSHES \CANVAS ^-IMPRBHS

1 TILES

^-SYMBOLS

: \COREL50\PHOTOPNT
: CTRL-Ente .





. ,
Norton Commander '. Norton
Commander - , , ( Ct 1 ] [Enter), Norton Commander
.
- (Enter) .
, CESC).
:
( (MkDir), ( )^
(] (Delete), ( );
(T^l (Rename), ;
^jj (Rescan), ( (Ctrl) () ).
25.5.
Norton Commander , . Commands,
Compare directories (, ).
Norton Commander
( ):
, , ;
, , .
, "This
two directories appear to be identical" ( ).
25. Norton Commander:
. 1.
.
2. , , .
25.6.

, . , , . Norton Commander
.
, , ( Commander Link, . 28). Norton
Commander , (, ).
:
Norton Commander;
, ,
, ;
[Ctrl]CF8^ ( Commands, Synchronize directories {, ).
Norton Commander .

D: \VF

[] [ ] [ ] [ ]
-
1 ^ 1
FIO- 1:;:;:; 1\- \~
0,^

Synchronize ... with (...

) ( ), , (-).
-. , :
Include sub directories ( )
, Norton Commander
, ;
Synchronize matching files only ( ) ,
, ( -). ,
;
Use Filters ( ) ,
.
Filters () ;
Update target directory only ( -)
, -

 5. Norton Cornmander
( ) - (
, ).
, Synchronize (). .
, "This two directories appear to be identical" ( ). , .

D:\VF\IBMPC 7\1
28
05.
95
24
05
95
22
05.
95
ndw sfi-l.old 22
95

F; \VF\IBMPC7\PIC
95
16
16
14
95
8
18
45
95
9
9
59
05.
95
9
58

95
ndwcom2.gif 28
95

1
05.
16

11
95
13

95
8
48
D: \VF\IBMPC7\PICW95F: \VF\IBMPC7\PIC
95
13
P / 1

1
13

<- nc!wcoinm. gif

28

05.

04
1
58

<- nunddwq. old

27

05.

<- ndwsfin. old

22

05.

59

22

05.

*- ndw renm.old

22

05.

14

28

05.

06.

16

-*

*- nbackupl. gif
W95

*- speedisk.gif
17
38
1
; 1 1:: 1 ^

. Source Files ( ) (
) . Target Files ( ) - ( ) .
,
.
. -
, , .
( ). , , . *- - . Update target direc-

05.

tory only ( -)
: -.

.
CLns) Select/Deselect (/).
( ).

Synchronize () .
,
Cancel () (Tsc^.
. 1.
.
2. .
26
Norton Commander:
26.1.

]
]
[]

( * )
( )
( )

-^--1.

, Format
Diskette ( ) Disk ().
Drive () , , Size () . Format
Type ( ) : Safe ()
,
; Quick ()
( )
, ,

 ,
; DOS () (
) . , ( /Q) (
/U) Format (. . 20.2).
, Options ()
( Volume Label, ), , ( Make System Disk, )
, ( )
, ( Save
Image 1, ).
, Format ().
, (Please
insert a disk, ).
. . . ,
Cancel () ^).
. 1. , : "Drive ... has the following
files
and subdirectories on it... Are you sure you want to format it?" ( ...
... ?). , Yes (), No () (Esc).
2. (

) UnFormat Norton Utilities

(. 37). ( IMAGE.DAT IMAGE. IDX), .

Save
Image Info ( ).
3. - ( ,
..), .

5. Norton Commander
26.2.

Copy Diskette

( ) Disk () Norton Commander.

(. 26.1) Source ()
-, Target () (
-). - ,
, , -.
. 26.1, .
, : "Insert Source diskette in
drive ... " ( ...).
.. -: "Insert Target diskette in drive ... "
( ...).
.. : "1
Target diskette copied from this Source. Copy another?" (1 . ?). , , Cancel ()
^[), .
( ) ,
(. 26.1). ^ Cancel () ()
.
. - .
, - ,
. - ,
, . . , -
, -: -
, -, ..
-,
- (
.IMG). ,
, ,
.
. 26.1 Configure () (. 26.2).
:
Skip Bad Sectors ( )
. () : 3 1/2 ( ) : 5 1/4(720/1 (7/1
44) 44)
( ) -
() : 3 1/2
(720/1
44)
()
: 5 1/4
(720/1
44)
(. ) -
^^
.. { 7^ ~^~ ^ 1QT 8J4 ^

~i
[ 1
[ ]

. 26.1.

. 26.2.
26. Norton Commander:
. , , , "",
Verify during Copy ( ) , . ,
:
Always format Target ( )
.
, - ,
, .
, ..
Verify during Copy ( ) Always format Target (
) ,
. Skip Bad Sectors ( ) ( ) .
1. - ,
: "Drive in drive ... has contain files! Do
you wish to continue?" ( ... ! ?).
, , Yes (),
No () (TiiT).
.
2. ,
: "Error reading Source diskette in drive ... Do you wish to continue, skipping bad
sectors" ( ... ,

?). Skip Bad Sectors (

) , Cancel ()
.
3. -
,
()
-.
4. - (
-, -,
..), .

26.3.

D: [

'
,
Label disk ( ) Disk () Norton
Commander,
. , Cancel () (Tsc^.
Norton Commander.
^
^
.
] 26.4.

( ) :
, .. Norton Commander
.
, ,
- : "Error on drive... Data error"
( ... ).



Q Q Retry Abort (Enter).
:
Retry () -, ;
Abort () Norton Commander,
.
Norton Commander, ,
, ().
, Norton Commander (,
DOS) .
Attempt to write on varite-protected disk ( ) , ^ awai-e ^^^ , .
Drive or device not ready ( ) , , .. KowrpuMW^>^RS^5S^~
..
"" ,
.
Sharing violation or disk not formatted (

) -, , , .
Sharing violation ( ) -, ,
, .
(,
, ..) Retry (), -, Abort
() CEscT).

, ..
Non-DOS disk (He-DOS ) FAT ( ) .
Read fault ( ) .
Write fault ( ) .
Seek error ( )
.
Sector not found ( ) .
( ,
), ( ) NDD (Norton Disk
Doctor).
. 37.

1 26.5.
,
.
. Norton
Commander 5.0 ,
.
. Norton Commander 5.0
, ,

.



Q Q Retry Abort (Enter).
:
Retry () -, ;
Abort () Norton Commander,
.

 Norton Commander, ,
, CEscH.
, Norton Commander (,
DOS) .
Attempt to write on write-protected disk ( ) , .
Drive or device not ready ( ) , , .. , ..
"" ,
.
Sharing violation or disk not formatted (
) -, , , .
Sharing violation ( ) -, ,
, .
(,
, ..) Retry (), -, Abort
() &).

, ..
Non-DOS disk (He-DOS ) FAT ( ) .
Read fault ( ) .
Write fault ( ) .
Seek error ( )
.
Sector not found ( ) .
( ,
), ( ) NDD (Norton Disk
Doctor).
. 37.
26.5.
,
.
. Norton
Commander 5.0 ,
.
. Norton Commander 5.0
, ,


.


[ShiftJCFT) ( Disk Cleanup ( ) Disk ()
). (. 26.3).
, . () ,
Drive (). Current Path ( ).
,

^^--^==^^

[_] 1:
[ ] 7: INI
CxJ 2:
[ ] 8: "" Windows
] 3:
[ ] 9:
[ ] 4: README
[ ] 10:
[ ] 5' AUTOEXEC
[ ] 11
[ ] 6: CONFIG
[ ] 12:
: D:\NC50
[ ^ \~ 1:-: } [ 1
. 26.3.
, Start ()
.

,
,
,
Stop ().
. -
.



, : New Search (). Delete
(), Send to Panel () Cancel ().
.
(. 26.4)
Q, CD, (PgUp) (PgDn] ( ).
, .
1

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12 269

1
11.07.96

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11.07.96
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46 056

31.10.95

10:15

[x] 1:
[ ] 7: INI
[] 2:
[ ] 8: "" Windows
[ _] 3:
[ ] 9:
[ ] 4: README
[ ] 10:
1: ] 5: AUTOEXEC
[ ] 11:
[ ] 6: CONFIQ
[ ] 12
: D:\NC50
164 6 026 448
j ^ I ' k [;.,
. 26.4.

, (7ns]
.
,
Delete
()
Send to Panel (). .
:
New Search ()
( );
Delete () ,
Send to Panel ()
Norton Commander.
Send to Panel ()
: , ..
. 24.11.
Norton Commander ,
, :

1.
Temporary files ( )
,
TEMP,
2.
Backup files ( ) .
, {
3.
Misc. Development files ( )

. LOG, .PCF, .PDF, .SBR, .80S, ., . .SWP
4.
README Type files ( README)

README., READ. ME, , READ

5.
Old AUTOEXEC files ( AUTOEXEC)

AUTOEXEC , .
6.
Old CONFIG files ( CONFIG)
: CONFIQ , . SYS
7.
Old Windows INI files ( INI )
\WINDOWS
\NDW, WIN SYSTEM , . INI, . DRV . CNF,
WIN.
8.
Windows Std Mode files ("" Windows)

\WINDOWS\SYSTEM *.26R, ?SWAP.", KRNL286.*, WINOLD*.MOD (
Windows "" )
9.
Product Installers ( )
SETUP*. INSTALL*. , \WINDOWS, \NDW, \DOS \BRIEF

10.
Compressed files ( )

.ZIP, ., .ARC, .ARJ, .LHA, .LZHH .ZOO

" "
( II 12). (. 26.3) Define
(). (. 26.5).
:
Cleanup Sets ( )
Load (),
;
Cleanup Sets ( )
Save (), ( )
.

J
( ) [install*, exe setup*, exe
winaows\*. *
( ) C\

[:
J 1: J
^
[
J

[
]

( ) 1


: INI
()
2:

(
)
Windows
()
3:

(

()
4

README
(

()
5

AUTOEXEC ( )
()
6:

CONFIG
(
\ '
U L
0~~1.

10- \

~ndw\*. * dos\*J
] []

: "

10

11
)

12

. 26.5.
, , :
Name () , . :
()(()) , .
* ?, ^ ,
.
'- , , ;
Location(s) (()) ,
.
.
, (, \ ):
and Below ( ) , , Location(s) (()), ;
Containing () ,
.
( ).
Regular Expression ( ) Containing () ,
. ,
;
File date ( )
( , 01.05.96 10:00):
After () ;
Before () .
File size ( ) :

Above () Below ()
;
- .
. 1. [] FIO Tree (FIO ), .
(
("Enteri) Location(s) (())
.

2. Location(s) (()) DOS, . ,

, DOS ,

, .
27
Norton Commander:

m
Norton Commander .ZIP, .ARJ, .ARC, ., .LZH .ZOO.
(, , ) , . Norton Commander, ( , , ..) -,
(PKZIP/PKUNZIP, ARJ, ARC, LHARC, ZOO,
Norton Commander NCZIP,
PKZIP/PKUNZIP ).
Norton Commander .
.
(-) PKZIP/PKUNZIP ARJ 33.
27.1.

""
Norton Commander ,
(Ente^) ( ).
,
( Norton Commander ).
, , (, Zip:,
Arj: ..) .
, ,
, , . , , "" [PgUp] (PgDn),
() .
[Ct rl ] CRT) -( Ct rl ) ().
,
,
, .

"" , "" ,
. ,
(Enter) (
), - ".." [Enter] ( ".." ).
, Norton Cornrnander,
ARJ, PKZIP NCZIP
( Norton Commander).
9 ^(^ ;-.{-
".." ( ,
" " ) (Enter) ( ".." ), , .
[Ctrl)CV) ( Ct rl] (PgUp).
1.
, , ..
, ,
(Enter), ^). , , ,

, , "
".
2. ^)

Norton Commander , , NC.EXT

. , Norton Commander [Enter)
, NC.EXT (. . 29.2).
3. .ZIP Norton Commander NcZIp:
Zip: , ( )
(. ).
4. Norton Commander

.
5. ( ) .ZIP Norton
Commander .

:)
Norton Commander , . , ,
, , . Norton
Commander , , .
, .
.

(F3).

 () Norton Commander

. .
() ,
(F5) ( ). , .
" 1. , , , ,

. .ZIP
NCZIP ( NoZIp:
, . ). ,

.
2. ,
, ,
. , Directory
(),
,

.
3. - ,

Copy newer files only ( ) Check target

space ( ) , .
4. .ZIP- NCZIP ( NcZIp: , . ) ,
, ( -S PKZIP) .
.

113

7
NCZIP
PKZIP/PKUNZIP
.ZIP- -

 NCZIP ( NoZIp:
). , ,
(16), (F5), ().
() , Norton
Commander , (, (Jab)) , ^)
( ). , .
^ 1.
"Out ot space on target drive" ( ).

( ).
2. , .ZIP-
NCZIP ( NoZIp: , . ),
.
3. PKZIP, ARJ ,

. .
4. .ARJ .ZIP- PKZIP/PKUNZIP (
Zip: , . ), Norton Commander
"" .
" " . ,
: "You can only copy or move to tne root of a compressed file" (
/ ).
5. ,
, ,
. , Directory (),
,
.
6. - ,

Copy newer files only ( ) Check target

space ( ) , .
7. .
, ,
(F6), (), (AlT).
, :
(^).
,
. Norton
Commander Compare directories ( )
Commands () .

.ZIP- PKZIP/PKUNZIP, NCZIP ( Norton Commander). , , .

Zip:, , PKZIP/PKUNZIP. NcZIp: , NCZIP.
PKZIP/PKUNZIP NCZIP -
, , ( )
[)5^.
^
" ".
27. Norton Commander:
293
27.3.
,
.
1. Norton Commander , .
2. Norton Commander , . , .
3. , , ]) (F5). Norton Commander . ,
, ,
.

[]
[J

PKZIP 1./2.
[ ]

1 ^ 1^ [ ^ ^

4. (
, , ). Norton Commander Default,
.
5. ( , ,
[]):
Include sub directories ( )
( ),

. ARJ, PKZIP NCZIP ( Norton Commander) , (,
,
, , );

Use Filters ( ) ,
.
Filters ()
.
4 ;
Delete files afterwards ( ) ,
.
6. ,
Select method ( ) .
7. Compress (), Norton Commander
.
Norton Commander
-, .
,
,
.
. 1.
, DOS Path.
2. "Out of space on target
drive" ( ).
.
3.

,
,
, NCZIP ( Norton Commander),

. PKZIP, ARJ
,
.
.
4. , ,
, .
,
Directory (), , .
5. .
, ( )
PKZIP.
6. NCZIP PKZIP 23% ( , PKZIP l-z%). .ZIP, NCZIP,
PKZIP/PKUNZIP.

27.4.
, .
) (). , , Include sub directories ( ),
, Decompress
().
, ,

, ,

.
.ZIP- NCZIP,
: "The file ... already exists. Do you wish to write
over the target file?" ( ... . ?).
: Overwrite () .
; () ; Skip
() ;
Cancel () .

. 1.
, DOS Path.
2. "Out of
space on target drive" ( ).
.
27.5.
Norton Commander ,
, ( )
, , .
. , , .
27. Norton CorniTiander:

^
( - ) :
,
. ;
( ,

 NC.EXT, . . 29.2),
;
;
(
1)1~)).

, : "You can't do this in a link or zip panel" (
). :
;
( , NCZIP);
;
, .
, ,
, , , :
(ShifF) ():
( CAIT) ());___
( ) ()
( (8)(7:^
.

27.6.

( )
NCEDIT.EXT, (. . 29.3).
(4") ) () ( , ) .
.ZIP- NCEDIT.EXT ZIP: PKUNZIP - !.1,
.ARJ- ARJ: ARJ !. ! .
LU 27.7.
(PKZIP/PKUNZIP, ARJ, ARC, LHARC,
ZOO) , PACKER.SET, Norton
Commander. ,
. , Norton Commander , , :
;

;
(, .-).

 28
Norton Commander:

Norton Commander , . Norton Commander :
;
;
;
.
, . ,
1,5-2 5 15
( ).
28.1.
Norton Commander
. ( 1-COM4) - . , 5 .
.
, :
Norton Commander ( );
Link () Left
() Right ().
.

:
( ) ( )
^ -' ^

, ,

- 1
'
, - i .
: - \ ( ) -i
() LPTI
. , - . { ] ^^: { ] [_^
- i ( ) 4:
( ) LPT4
- ^-.
, , Q (^)
Master () Slave () :
_^.^~~~} 1~ "1


Master () .
, , ;
Slave () , ..
' .
, Link.
, .
Master (),
Slave (). ,
, : "Waiting to connect..." ( ...). , : "The ...
port is not available" ( ... ).
28.2.

Link:

, () . Link: (:). , ,
.
:
;
, ;
;
;
(,
".."
(Enter);
( (^) ) (^)).
Norton Commander "Link:" , .

 , , Norton
Commander : "You can't do this in a link or zip panel" (
).
.
.
.

28.3.
. Left ()
Right (), , , Link (). Norton Commander : "Close Commander Link?" ( ?).
("Enter).
, ) (Break). ,
.
28.4. Norton Commander
,
, Norton Commander.
Norton Commander ,
(, , ,
). , Norton Commander
,
.

Norton Commander :
) - (
);
) , Norton Commander,
Left () Right () Link (),
) (. )
,
Clone (),
) , (), ,
;
) ,
Norton Commander . ,
DOS:

:
MD \
CD \NC
)
)
DOS , , ;
(CtrlJCEnter~) ,
) Norton Commander (
);
) Norton Commander NC .
29
Norton Commander:

29.1.

NC.MNU

Norton Commander .
(^). () ()
, (Enter), . (.
).
.
, , NC.MNU.
( ), , Norton Commander ( ). NC.MNU
, Norton Commander,
(.. ).
NC.MNU Norton Commander (
Commands, Menu file edit, , ),
.

NC.MNU. , .
( - , ) , . "
, (Z),
, \, ] _ , -

 (Ctrl) (^.
, .
.
1: SpeeDisk ( ^))
NDD : /Q
SpeeDisk : /FD /V
": DelBak - ( [)
Wipeinfo : \*. /S /N /BATCH
Windows

( )

NC_EXIT WIN
. NC.MNU 29 ,
.
Norton Commander . ,

(".1 1(}:->('
<^i) NC MNU

. <>"
. , .
NC.MNU :
{

, . "{" "}"
.
NC.MNU , .
, , Norton Commander.
Norton Commander Commands, Menu file edit ( , ). Norton Commander ,
: ( Norton Commander)
( ). : Main () , Local () , Cancel () . Norton Commander
, . , ,
.
:
(F4) . Hot Key
( ) ; Label

( ) ; Commands
( DOS) , .
, ( Ct rl ] (Enter) ()
;

F8

____

7?) NC.MNU;
^7^) ^() .
(F6J [ins] . Norton Commander ,
: (Command, ) (Menu, ). ,
;
) ;
29.2.

NC.EXT
Enter 1, Norton
Commander . ( ., .,
.) ( .ZIP, .ARJ, .ARC., .. .LZH) "" Norton Commander
.
(, DOS)
NC.EXT, , Norton Commander.
(. ),
(Norton Commander ).

NC.EXT

NC.EXT

NC.EXT
. 1. [Enter]
Norton Commander , ,
NC.EXl .
, Norton Commander [Enter]
, NC.EXT.
2. NC.EXT 35 ,
1 .
NC.EXT. : : , * ? (

 , DOS).
:
! ;
!.! ;
!: ;
!\ ;
!! "!".
, C:\WORK\PAPER.DOC,
: ! = PAPER, !.! = PAPER.DOC, !: = :, !\= \WORK, !! = !.
NC.EXT:
pcx: pcxshow ! . !
pas: c:\tp\turbo !.!
: c:\fac\fain\bc !.!
[Enter) Norton Commander NC.EXT , .
, [Enter) .
, , * ? ,
1, 1.1, 1:, 1\ II (
), .
, ,
( * ?), Norton
Commander , ( * ?). ,
1, 1.1, 1:, 1\ II, .
, Norton Commander
. !, 1.1, 1:, 1\ II,
.
NC.EXT
.
Norton Commander .
Commands, Extension File Edit ( , )

. :
[D, (D ;
(^) .
File extension ( () ). Command for this extension
( ) , ,
:
Filename with extension ( ) "!.!";
Filename without extension ( )
"!";
Drive letter ( ) "!:";
^ Pathname () "!\";
User defined ( ) .

 , [CtriKEnterI
() ;
(Ins) . , ;

~8] ,
'W] NC.EXT;
TW) r^scD NC.EXT.
'. . . NC.EXT Norton Cornmander,
(Norton Commander

NC.EXT ,
).
" /' ',,-,.^.^,-,,.d-d.^). <^ii^fc/.^L:
(
. NCEUi! i:\;
;31
NCEDIT.EXT

NCEDIT.bXJ
Norton Commander 5.0 .
(14] ) (74^ (
, , Commands, Configuration, Editor (, , ).
, NCEDIT.EXT, , (Enter) , NC.EXT.
NCEDIT.EXT , NC.EXT, . ,
,
(, ) (Norton
Commander (74) ^) ).
NCEDIT.EXT Norton Commander (
Commands, Editors, , ) . NCEDIT.EXT
Norton Commander,
.
29.4. "
v.'-:. 1


Norton Cornmander
Commands, Configuration (, ).
Norton Cornmander
(. 29.1).

,
.

[ Ct rl ) (Enter)
. Norton
Commander, (Esc) Cancel ().

1..
.':;
1;:;:.:
^
^::
/ ^

\...
^5S^fe"^ ^h

[
^ '
[]
^*^*^^ilil'li
. 29.1.

. 29.1 Auto save setup ( ),
Norton Commander Norton
Commander Norton Commander.
, Norton Commander ,
CShift)rF9] (Enter)
. Norton Commander ( Auto save setup (

) ) [ Shift )fT3) , , , ( )

,
,
, , ..
-

) / - ) 1
((
))
]
L.

'

[X;

LX.

[]

^g:i...
Q^J

. 29.1
Screen () ,
Norton Commander.
Screen colors
( ) , Norton
Commander :
& W (/) - ;
Laptop () ;
Co/or/ (1) , ;
12 ( 2) , .
Screen options ( )
, Norton Commander:
Use graphical controls ( ) ,
, Windows (, ""
D, [] [ ]; , ()
( ), ..);
Menu bar always visible ( ) ,
Norton Commander .
Norton Commander ;
Path prompt ( ) , ,
, ;
Key bar ( ) , . (Ctrl)(T);
Full screen ( ) Norton Commander ( ) ( );
Clock () .
, ( Ct rl ] [Enter] .
.

. Norton Commander Windows .

[ ]
[] Ins
[ ~\
[ ]
L ]
[]
. 29.1 Panel Options ( )
,
Norton
Commander :
Show hidden files ( )
, Norton
Commander .
Hidden () / System ()
"^" , , ,
, . , Hidden () System () Norton Commander
;

Ins moves down (Ins ) , () ( ) , .. ;
Select Directories ( ) , Norton
Cornrnander , .
, .
, ;
Auto change directory ( ) ,
Norton Commander
.
, ) ;
Auto menus ( ) ,
Norton Commander (. .
29.1): .
Qj0) CEicT);
Mini status ( ) ,
(, , ) ( ).
, [ Ct rl ) (Enter) . .

 . 29.1 Screen Savers ( )

, . ,

( ),
"" . , , .
Use screen saver ( ), (.. ) Norton Commander .
, Minutes (), . Screen Saver ( )
. Test () , .
, [Ct 1 ] (Enter) .
. ),
.
2. ,
. ,

.
3. Norton Cornrnander ,
, -
.
4. Norton Cornrnander 4.0
"
".
5. Norton Commander Windows " ".
. 29.1 Printer/Mouse (/)
, . Printer port ( ) ,
, Printer type ( ) PostScript- . , ,
:
Left-handed mouse ( ) , . ,
;
Fast mouse reset ( .)
, ,
.
,
CEnte r] .

11.):-11 F4

. PostScript- Norton Commander

: "" .
. 29.1 Editor (), ,
(): (built-in),
(external). (?)
Norton Commander, ) () , .
, (),
rCtTD [Enter) .
. 29.1 Confirmations (),
:
Copy () ;
Move () ,
Delete () ;
Delete subdirectories ( ) ;
Exit () Norton Commander.
, (.Ct i-l] (Enter) .
3:>,<' ,
.
. 29.1 Compression (),
. Storage Method ( )
, :
Create smallest file ( ) , ;
Use fastest method ( )
;
Automatically select best method ( ) , .
Confirm with password ( ), , .ZIP Norton Commander (NCZIP).
. , Create smallest file
( ). Use fastest method ( ) Automatically select best method ( ), PACKER.SET ( 09, 10 08 ).

29.5.
Norton Commander.

 , Norton Commander,
,
(
TEMP, TMP, NC
NORTON ( ,
'
). ,

Norton Commander. ,
DOS Set,

AUTOEXEC.BAT.
. -\ Norton Commander
1 (
)
TEMP
(, DOS SET =:\ ) Norton Commander
. , Norton Commander
5. Norton Commander

NC
, , ,

.
2. TEMP, NC
, Norton Commander

.
NC.CFG,
Norton Commander. ,

[f3). NC.CFG , Norton Commander.

PACKER.SET, Norton Commander. 27.
NC Norton
Commander, .
. Norton
Commander "" (, )
Norton Commander ""
, -

. NC .
29.6.

Norton Commander 5.0 Norton

Commander Tools () ,
.
Norton Commander TOOLS.MNU,
Tools (). :
--',-
TOOLS.MNU :
. -; wipeinl-o *.bal< /s /n /batch
DOS; be reboot
Norton Disk Doctor; ndd.exe
Norton Disk Editor;diskedit.exe
Norton Commander Tools ():
:^:^

DOS
Norton Disk Doctor
Norton Disk Editor
29.7. Norton Commander

Norton Coiniriandei
, Norton
Commander. ,
, Norton Commander
( ) ( Norton Commander
).
"" Norton Commander:
NC.EXE Norton Commander. NCMAIN.EXE
, - Norton Commander
NCMAIN.EXE :
29. Norton Commander:
NCMAIN.EXE Norton Commander,
;
NC.HLP Norton Commander;
NC.MSG Norton Commander.
Norton Commander .
NC.HLP
( 360- : NC.EXE, NCMAIN.EXE, NC.MSG NCEDIT.EXE NCEDIT.MSG ).

 Norton Commander:
NC.INI Norton Commander;
NC. FIL ;
NC.MNU , (12);
NC.EXT , , ( (Enter));
NCEDIT.EXT , ,
.
Norton Commander
(, ). ,
Norton Commander ( ).
DOS
Windows. Windows
Windows.
nnn2ANSI.SET DOS
Windows ( 437, 850, 852, 863, 865, 866). , 8662ANSI.SET, 866.
ANS12n/in.SET Windows
DOS ( 437, 850, 852, 863, 866). , ANS12866.SET,
866.
^r.r;;i i'^^'iKil'if) Norton Commander

. : NCEDIT.EXE , NCEDIT.MSQ .

"I '.ft I'll 1 l.i-1

' iCpi '"'. ^-i.yspi )f.^U
Pc}(jui.l i1j.>,\i'ii.}3h'..1
[ll.)nfp,jMM>-.t
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Commander ( NCMAIN.EXE). ,
.
.ZIP- Norton Commander
: NCZIP.EXE Norton Commander, NCZIP.MSG
NCZIP.EXE.
(PKZIP/PKUNZIP, ARJ, , ARC,
LHARC ZOO) : PACKER. (PKZIP/PKUNZIP, ARJ, , ARC, LHARC ZOO); PACKER. SET ; PACKER. MSG PACKER.EXE.

 Norton Commander , (^.

: NC.CFQ (,
);
NCVIEW.MSQ .

.
:
DBVIEW. dBase;
PARAVIEW. Paradox;
Q&AVIEW. Q&A;
NCMAIN.EXE Norton Cornrnander,
;
NC.HLP Norton Commander;
NC.MSG Norton Commander.
Norton Commander .
NC.HLP
( 360- : NC.EXE, NCMAIN.EXE, NC.MSG NCEDIT.EXE NCEDIT.MSG ).
Norton Commander:
NC.INI Norton Cornrnander;
NC. FIL ;
NC.MNU , (12);
NC.EXT , , ( [Enter));
NCEDIT.EXT , ,
.
Norton Commander
(, ). ,
Norton Commander ( ).
DOS
Windows. Windows
Windows.
nnn2ANSI.SET DOS
Windows ( 437, 850, 852, 863, 865, 866). , 8662ANSI.SET, 866.
ANS12n/in.SET Windows
DOS ( 437, 850, 852, 863, 866). , ANS12866.SET,
866.
P.^,lii,,'ll.,lll^/!^.j-l()^) Norton Commander


. : NCEDIT.EXE , NCEDIT.MSQ .

"lifVII. l.hl
ic^t "\. ^1/:1.^^'
'^"^^'J^>^^l c')^^.X..iI\:^^
< paMMi-.t
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Commander ( NCMAIN.EXE). ,
.
.ZIP- Norton Commander
: NCZIP.EXE Norton Commander, NCZIP.HSG
NCZIP.EXE.
(PKZIP/PKUNZIP, ARJ, , ARC,
LHARC ZOO) : PACKER. (PKZIP/PKUNZIP, ARJ, , ARC, LHARC ZOO); PACKER. SET ; PACKER. MSG PACKER.EXE.
Norton Commander , (^.
: NC.CFQ (,
);
NCVIEW.MSQ .

.
:
DBVIEW. dBase;
PARAVIEW. Paradox;
Q&AVIEW. Q&A;
5. Norton Commander



RBVIEW. R:Base;
REFVIEW, Reflex.
.WMF, .PIC, DRW, .GRF
.WPG :
VECTOR .
( .WMF-, Windows Metafile);
DRAW2WMF. Micrografx Draw (.PIC)
.WMF-;
DRW2WHF.EXE Micrografx Designer
(.DRW) Charisma (.GRF) .WMF-;
WP2WHF.EXE WordPerfect Clipart
(.WPG) .WMF-.
.BMP, .DIB, .PCX, .CLP,
ICO, .MSP, .PCT .TIF :
BITMAP.
( .BMP, .DIB, .PCX);
CLP2DIB. Windows Clipboard (.CLP)
.DIB-;
IC02DIB.EXE Windows 3.0
(.ICO) .DIB-;
MSP2DIB.EXE Microsoft Paint (.MSP)
.DIB-;
PCT2DIB.EXE PICTOR/PC-Paint (.PCT)
.DIB-;
TIF2DIB.EXE TIFF (.TIF) .DIB;
WPB2DIB.EXE WordPerfect Bitmap
(.WPB) .DIB-.
, Norton Commander , , ,
, :
123VIEW. ;
ARCVIEW.EXE ;
PLAYWAVE. .WAV
( ,
);
WPVIEW.EXE ( DOS Windows)
, : Microsoft Word (
DOS Windows), ACT!, Ami Pro, Multimate, Q&A Write ( DOS

Windows), WordPerfect, WordStar, WordStar 2000, XyWrite .

Norton Commander
NCMAIN.EXE, .
( ) (")) :
NCFF.EXE ; NCPF.HLP
; NCFF.MSG .
( (8]( Disk Cleanup (
) Disk () Norton Commander)
: NCCLEAN.EXE ; NCCLEAN.INI
" ".
(NCFF.EXE), .

Disk () Norton Commander : . ; NCDD.MSG ; NCSF.EXE ; NCSF.MSQ
; NCLABEL.EXE ;
NORTON. INI NCDD.EXE NCSF.EXE.

NC_EXIT

i aHouk

Commands, System
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34

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34. 1.

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( ),
(
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36.4. - ADinf

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).
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5. ADinf (Hard Disk
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1996 1996 . .
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5 1995 .
4 1995 .
: : 126, : 982.
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:
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, , C:\ADINF.
, (180)
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. ADinf ,
, :

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, DOS, !
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\i/
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). ("", II) -.
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: 31, 12, , 59, 23
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ADinf :
ADinf;
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BIOS ( BIOS
);
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36. DOS
LU 36.6. ADinf
-

Fast
Info
-SS ,

, , ,

(. II). ADinf , DOS, , . ADinf , (. . 36.5). ADinf -

, .
ADINF : D: : -SS - :, D: :.
ADinf
.
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. ,
: , , , . , . " Fast" (
, ).
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\ , \ info ,
. ,
- (,
).

LU 36.7. ADinf



Int 13h
ADinf.
1 ,
.
ADinf , DOS,
BIOS . , ADinf :
Int 13h ( ),
Int 25h Int 26h
DOS.
, ADinf .
ADinf ADinf,
. BIOS,
Int 13h, ' Int 25h/26h.

 Int 13h ,
, :
, Disk Manager, ADM .;
IDE- 528 IDE (
EIDE),
7. DOS
Int 25h

,


* 1024 ,
,
, SCSI-.

.
. 1- SCSI-
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SCSI-), -, ..
2. ADiiif QEMM QEMM ( ST:F ST:M QEMM386.SYS)
11 1311. ,
QEMM
BIOS , Int
13h
. - QEMM
,

.
Int 25h Int 26h ,
, , ,
DriveSpace, DoubleSpace, Stacker .., ,
DiskReet . , ADinf

 Int 25h/26h.
, \ \ . , [^).
, , ,
"BIOS", , ,
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, , , "Int 13h".
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.
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).
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.
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). CES^T) .
^ ADinf ,
TEMPO, CACHE, SPOOL, DESKTOP, FAVORI-I. PIF, RECENT, HISTORY RECYCLED, .
ADinf , ,
, , .. ADinf
( 1 \ \ \ ).

\ \ \ .
,
( Viewer) (
Editor). , ,
(^ CFT) (. . 36.4 ). , ADinf 36. DOS




, , ,
\ \ .
, ,
.
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:
CRC
( ):
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. , ,
., . .DLL,.
CRC .
, .
.SYS .,
, .
, ADinf . : PAGLFILE.SYS. FILES.BBS, S-DRV.BIN, EA DATA.SF, WP ROOT.SF,
TREEINFO.NCD, SWAPPER.DAT, NCTMP.TMP, 386SPART.PAR, IMAGE.DAT, IMAGE.IDX, IMAGE., WIN386.SWP, STACVOL.DSK, DRVSPACE.O* STACVOL.O*.
, - .
\ \ \ ,
ADinf .
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.
. -\
( ).
, .
2. ADinf 110.,
IBMDOS.COM, 10.SYS, NC.EXE. NCMAIN.EXE, WIN., KRNL386.EXE, USER.EXE
GDI.. , MSDOS.SYS Windows 95
, MS DOS, .
, - ( "" ).
\ \
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1 \ , . \ -.
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 ,
, ( );
. ,

. .
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,
: ADinf BIOS,
.
, , ADinf, ADinf . () Int 13h (. ).

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: D:

AUTOEXEC.BAT:
SmartDr-v D
Adinf : D: - - -D -L
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9.00, ADinf
EGA/VGA, ,
. ADinf -OS. ADinf , ,
, .
.
36.8. ADinf Cure Module ADinf

ADinf
ADinf
11401
ADinf Cure Module (ADinfExt). ADinf Cure Module
1993 .,
.., .. ...
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95% . ADinf Cure Module,
Aidstest Dr.Web, .
, ADinf Cure Module ,
, .'
. , ADinf
Cure Module Aidstest Dr.Web, .

1
ADinf Cure Module , ,
ADinf. ADinf . ,
ADinf :
ADinf Cure Module ( Windows
Windows 95 ).
ADinf Cure Module
INSTALL. ADinf Cure Module .
ADinf, -
ADinf Cure Module (ADINFEXT.).
, . , , . ,
.
, - ,
.
,
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., ., .SYS. ., .
, .-.
.
: ,
, .

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. ,
, .
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ADinf
Cure Module

2.
1. - , , CONFIG.SYS.
AUTOEXEC.BAT,
CONFIG.SYS Install (. 40).
( , ADinf
Cure Module ).
.
. AIDSTEST Aidstest
( AIDSTEST. EXfc), ADinf Cure Module -
Aidstest (
AIDSTEST *
/S /G /F ). , , .
ADinf
(. . 36.4)
, ADinf :
ADinf Cure Module (
Windows Windows 95 ).
.

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Module , : .
, , . ADinf Cure Module
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Q (
Q). {
. ("Enterj
ADinf Cure Module , . ,
.
VR.
, .
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, .
, (
), .
VR. DIR X:\",?VR /S ( )
,
.
. ADinf Cure Module ,
, .

32 .
ADinf AD-

inf Cure Module, . -. ,

( , ). - (Aidstest, Dr.Web .),
,
ADinf Cure Module.

IX.
VR. 36.9.

ADinf, Aidstest Dr.Web.
7. DOS

/@

, ADinf, Aidstest Dr.Web. ,

, .
ADinf, Aidstest Dr.Web /@. ADinf /-- , . Aidstest Dr.Web /- , .
/+-- Aidstest Dr.Web
, .
, , ERRORLEVEL IF (. 32).
ADinf : 0 ,
, ; 10 ,
: 20 ; 25
(Esc); 30 ADinf (); 40 ADinf : 50 .
, .
Aidstest : 0 ; 1 ; 2 ; 3
Aidstest.
Dr.Web : 0 ; 1 ; 2
.

 ,
ADinf
. :
@echo off
ADINF * /@C:\ADDTEST.LST /A20 / /D /L
if error-level 50 goto end
if errorlevel 40 goto vir_in_lt)ein
If errorlevel 30 goto end
If not exist C:\ADDTEST.LST goto end
DRWEB /@+C:\ADDTEST.LST /CL /RV /HI /AR /HA1 /UPN /NS
if errorlevel 2 goto new_vir
if errorlevel 1 goto vir
AIDSTEST /@)C:\ADDTEST.LST /Q /KB
if errorlevel 3 goto end
if errorlevel 2 goto end
if errorlevel 1 goto vir
: no_vir
echo .
goto end
: vir_in_mem
pause ! , ADinf.
goto end
: vir
.
pause !
goto end
: new_vir
pause ! .
goto end
: end
AUTOEXEC.BAT. ,
VIRDAILY.BAT, AUTOEXEC.BAT : CALL VIRDAILY. . , VIRDAILY.BAT
, Path.
36. DOS
"
. lhnH/IOh
)ciUt"iUH^4 1. SAMPLE. D^AV "-". ,
ADinf Dr.Web .
2. .
/ ADinI

 ,
,

- . 1 511 . /NS Dr.Web /NB Aidstest .

3. ADinf, Dr.Web Aidstest (
ADINF.EXE, DRWEB.EXE AIDSTEST.EXE),
.
4. ADinf, Dr.Web Aidstest ,
Path, .
( )
Aidstest Dr.Web VIRTEST.BAT:
eecho off
If /%1 == / goto NoParm
AIDSTEST K1 %2 %3 "4 *5 *6 %7 %8 %9 /G
if errorlevel 3 goto end
if errorlevel 2 goto end
if errorlevel 1 goto vir
DRWEB %1 %2 %3 %4 %5 %6 %7 %8 *9 /CL /RV /AR /TDC: /HA1 /UPN /HI /AL
if errorlevel 2 goto new_vir
if errorlevel 1 goto vir
: no_vir
echo .
goto end
:vir
pause ! .
goto end
: new_vir
pause ! .
goto end
: NoParm
echo : VIRTEST - [-]...
echo - - , ,
echo
: " - ,
echo
*" - , :
echo : VIRTEST : D: - : D:
echo
VIRTEST : - :
echo
VIRTEST *
-
echo
VIRTEST :\ - :
echo
VIRTEST :\. - :\.
: end
3,1(),:1^ \ , /HI Dr.Web / .
2. Dr.Web Aidstest (

DRWEB.EXE AIDSTE^T.EXE),
.
3. Dr.Web Aidstest , Path, .

36.10. -
DSAV "-" -. , "-" Sheriff,
. Aidstest, Dr.Web, ADinf ADinf Cure
7. DOS
Module -.
NAVTSR.EXE Norton Antivirus Windows (. 51).
AUTOEXEC.BAT
NAVTSR.EXE. .
Norton Antivirus Path.
NAVTSR.EXE
,
. , ( )
.
NAVTSR.EXE Norton AntiVirus Windows, Options Auto-Protect Settings (.
51). Windows
NAV.EXE , Windows-.
, Norton Antivirus Windows ,
: Symantec
( VIRSCAN.DAT
VIRSCAN.INF), Internet: WWW-
www.Symantec.corn.
37


37. 1.
- , , , .. . :
.
.
" ";
. , , . 50;

 .
Norton Disk Doctor (NDD), 35. "" Norton
Disk Doctor .
Rescue UnFormat, ;
. (, ,
), . - , (, DiskEdit)
- .
, ,
, .
, , ,
- ,
.
,
, NDD. ,
Rescue Image. , (, , ) ,

DiskEdit Norton Utilities.
37.2.

. , , , .

7. DOS


Norton Utilities 8.0.
unerase ^ll-aa']
UnErase

* ?. , *.* . ( * ?), UnErase ( -

) . UnErase
, (. 37.1).
unerase paper.doc Paper.doc "":
unerase *.txt . .
UnErase
. "?",
. : "poor" ( ), "average"
( , ), "good" (
), "excellent" (
Erase Protect
). , , .
Q Q
:

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View. Info UnErase ].
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. - (
), UnErase
(Unavailable letters) .
.
),
">" "<". (). ,
File Search Options Help
Name
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excellent
?aa1
7 XX
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txt txt

Size
Date
DIR
10.02.96
64 1 048 576

Time
Prognosis
14:04
SUB-DIR
10.02.96 10.02.96
14:07 14:07

txt
bat
bat

1 048 576 10.02.96 14:07

98
19.10.95 20:05
135
10.02.96 19: 52
^
1
Info
1
1 UnErase
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poo r
excellent
excellent
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1
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37.
417

good

 UnErase (, [uJ)
,
. :
(Enter], . UnErase
;
[) FEnte^],
. UnErase
"", ""
..;
dscJ, .
UnErase , ,
-, , -,
'
,
' ''
. UnErase ,

. ,
Norton Utilities.
.. .

.;, :,:.'.:'., UnErase (TsiT).

I i'.-i/: 1. ,
, " ".

, ,
. "" .
: 2. ,

:
,, (,
SpeeDisk, . 55);
AUTOEXEC.BAT Image Norton Utilities
t (. 35),

: . ,

j : D:, AUTOEXEC.BAT Image : D: .

" 3. ,

, .

1 SmartCan Norton
Utili' ties.

SMARTCAN,
i . , UnErase
i "" .

j SmartCan

1 :
^ SMARTCAN, ,
. .. AUTOEXEC.BAT
: amartCan /on.
: 4. ,
; , ,
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'1. .

( , , )
, DOS .
, Dir - General error reading drive ..., Sector not found reading drive ...,
- , .
, , (,
), .. NDD (Norton
Disk Doctor) .
UnFormat Norton Utilities 8.0 9.0.

7. DOS

UnFormat Image (. 35),

. UnFormat
.
3nMi'4:ini-u^
Dir
Invalid drive specification , ,
, , DOS .

.
UnFormat :
UNFORMAT '^_ucoo.') C/IMAGE^ C/MIRROR]
/IMAGE , ,
UnFormat ,
Mirror, /MIRROR , , Image. ,

.
3:iMi"i^iUiiH. 1. MS DOS UnFormat, ,

Image. ,
UnFormat Norton Utilities, MS DOS. , Norton Utilities .
2. NDD (Norton Disk Doctor),
, UnFormat

, NDD.

, Image Mirror.
1. , , UnFormat
( ,
(Enter) Continue),
.
2. UnFormat , Image Mirror
("Did you previously use IMAGE.EXE or MIRROR. to save recovery info for drive ..."). ,
Yes ( Yes (V)).
3. ,
: "Drive ... has the following files and subdirectories on it", , ("These
files and subdirectories will be lost if you unformat this disk"). "" ,
, ,
: "Are you sure you want
to unformat drive ...?". ,
, Yes Q.
Image info found!
The most recent time the IMAGE
info was saved was at 20:02
on 24.06.95.
There is also IMAGE information
that was saved at 20:01
on 25.06.95.
4. . 2 , UnFormat
, Image Mirror. , ,
/Image /Mirror (. ).
(. . )
( ,
).

g^ ^ ^^ ^ ^
to restore.

 , , , Recent (
Recent (D),
. , . , , Image
AUTOEXEC.BAT, ,
37.

,
Image
Mirror

. Previous
( Previous ()).
, (Enter].
6. UnFormat ,
, , : "Restoring the IMAGE info to
drive ... may overwrite any changes made to the disk since the IMAGE info was la3t
saved. Are you absolutely sure you want to restore the IMAGE info to drive ...?".
Yes @7. UnFormat : .
(root directory), (file allocation table, FAT)
(boot record). ,
, , . ,
(Full).
(Partial) , ,
, .
8. , , , ( )
,
NDD
.
(Enter).
( 1-7 )
[ESC), -
.
, Image Mirror, , . 4-8 .
4. . 2 (. ) ,
, Image Mirror,
,
: "Unable to find any recovery info on drive ... To unformat the disk,
UnFormat will have to rebuild the disk without using any previous information saved
by IMAGE.EXE or MIRROR.. Perfect recovery of the data is not guaranteed us-

ing this method. Do you still wish to unformat drive ...". Yes ().
5. UnFormat ,
( ,
), . "The drive ...
has been unformatted", .
(Enter).
, DIRO,
DIR1 .. , , , . , ,
, UnErase (manual unerase). ,
, ,
, , , ().

( Aidstest, Dr.Web ..),
( NDD).
. 1.
, ,

UnFormat DiskTool Recover from

DOus Recover. , UnFormat,

, FILExxxx,
. .EXE- .-
. , ,

7. DOS
, ,

, 1
, (),

.
DiskEdit. , , .
2. , UnFormat
, ,

. ,

. ,

. 1,
UnFormat, DiskTool Recover from DOS's Recover.
37.4.

CMOS


,
BIOS , ,
DOS, . ,
CMOS-
,
( ),
, ,
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, (FDisk .) ..
, , CMOS- , ( ) "" .
, CMOS :
CMOS checksum error Defaults loaded
CMOS battery failed
Hardware information lost run SETUP
Memory size mismatch run SETUP
Hard disk... error
HDD controller failure
(
.) CMOS . (, CMOS
, ).

:
DISK BOOT FAILURE, INSERT SYSTEM DISK AND PRESS ENTER
PLEASE INSERT A BOOT DISK
HARD DISK BOOT SECTOR INVALID
No ROM BASIC System halted
Invalid partition table
,
( ), .
, .. .
, , ,
, ( , ,

 37.


1):1 !'!^-'scl!^'

Dir Invalid drive specification ,

, ).

:
Error loading operating system
Missing operating system
, . . Dir Invalid
drive specification () .
CMOS-, , ( SETUP, DiskEdit),
.
,
"" Rescue Norton Utilities (. 35
49). CMOS-,
, ,
RESCUE., . , CONFIG.SAV AUTOEXEC.SAV, CONFIG.SYS AUTOEXEC.BAT ,
.
CMOS, .
1. ,

,
, , ,
.
2. ,

, FDISK:
FDISK /MBR, , , NDD /REBUILD: NDD /R^BUILO .
.
1. (Reset)
(SETUP). (, (")).
2.
. ,

. , , : BIOS , , .
, .
3. .
4. RESCUE , Rescue ( ).
5. Rescue Norton Utilities 8.0 Restore (, QD).
6.
(. 37.2). Restore Rescue Information From
, . , : : .
, .
, Restore Rescue Information From "Select items to
restore, then press the Restore button" ("
Restore"). "This directory
does not contain valid rescue information" (" ").
7. Items Restore ,
:

7. DOS
Restore Rescue Information From:
Select items to restore, then
press the Restore button
Cancel
New Path
Items To Restore
[ ] CMOS Information
[ ] Boot Records
[ ] Partition Tables
. 37.2.
CMOS Information (CMOS). , , (
SCSI), ..;
Boot Records .
, ,

.
, Sys ..;
Partition Tables .
, FDisk ..
8. Restore
).
Cancel ^).

9. .
(, ,
) ,
( Aidstest, Dr.Web ..), ( NDD).
3:111. 1.
- (,
Dir - unneral error reading drive ..., Sector
not found reading drive ..., - ,
),
( , , )
UnFormat (. ).
2. 1-2 ,
CMOS

, , ,
.
CMOS, , .

, .
, , :
.
2 .
3. , , ,

,
, . ,

, .
( )
,
.
4. (

, ..),
Rescue .
, ,
, -
.
38
DOS
Format.
. -, . -, - . -,

 DOS ( Windows 3.1 Windows 95)

FAT, NTFS HPFS
Windows NT OS/2.
.
38. 1.
.
1. ( , low-level formatting) .
(
, 512 ).
2.
. ,
DOS FDisk.
3. . , DOS FAT
,
( , , Format).
.
. ,
Format. , IBM PC
DOS FAT.

38.2.
, , , .
, ""
.
- ^ ^ EIDE-

; (Seiup),
( ))

- .
, 2. SCSI- Adaptec
; SCSIFMT, hZ-^CSI.
' 3. SCSI- Adaptec

' ( )
BIOS
7. DOS
^


.'/,i. ',!^vi. -....". ."."1 ,

, .
38.3. FDisk

,
. , DOS (:, D: ..).
DOS FDisk.
.
1~1(''11)1'.''1' 1 FDisk
, , .
, FDisk ,
, ,
. , "" , .. ,

DOS,
, DOS.
FDisk .
,
(partition table), .
.
, , . FDisk , .
DOS :
.
, (, DOS). ,
DOS.
FDisk :

( ). , DOS

 ;
DOS
DOS 2 . ,
DOS, Windows 3.1 Windows 95 , 2 ;

.
^'1'"<<''< 1. (, Disk
Administrator
Windows NT, Disk Partitioner Adaptec fcZ-SCSI .) , . ,
DOS ,

, .
2. Windows NT OS/2 ,
2 ( NTFS HPFS). .
3. , AFDISK Disk Partitioner
EZ-S^SI Adaptec, ,

.
38. DOS
38,4.

f-h . . , .
,
n^()fMii! KOMclilUh! -- 1 /<^ i ^,
'
FDisk /Status:
FDisk /Status
FDisk

Disk
Drv
:
Mbytes
2949
1028
965
957
4103
2047
2047
Free
Usage
100%
100%

, :



13(;<;

Disk :
Disk ;
Mbytes :
Free (
, );
Usage ()
.
, Disk , :
Drv (), . Drv
, , Format DOS (, NTFS Windows NT HPFS
OS/2):
Mbytes .
,
Disk.
38.5. FDisk

FDisk

FDisk
FDisk . . "Enter choice" . [Enter]. , "Enter choice", (Tnteu.
FDisk (].
,
, FDisk.
FDisk
, - , FDisk
/Status, FDisk . FDisk
.
7. DOS
FDisk Options
Current fixed disk drive: 1

Choose one of the following:

1. Create DOS partition or
2. Set active partition
3. Delete partition or Logical DOS Drive
4. Display partition information
5. Change current fixed disk drive
Enter choice:
[1]
Logical DOS Drive

Press ESC to exit FDISK
FDisk :
Create DOS partition or Logical DOS Drive DOS, ;
Set active partition ,
;
Delete partition or Logical DOS Drive :
Display partition information :
Change current fixed disk drive ( , ). FDisk
"Current fixed disk drive".
4 ("Display partition information"),
.
Current fixed disk drive: 1
Partition
: 1
2
Status
A
Type
PRI DOS
EXT DOS
Volume Label
FUJITSU-1
Mbytes
1028
1922
System

FAT16
Usage
35%
65%
Total disk space is 2949 Mbytes (1 Mbyte = 1048576 bytes)
The Extended DOS Partition contains Logical DOS Drives.
Do you want to display the logical drive information (Y/N).


Press Esc to return to FDISK Options
.
Partition ( ),
;
Status ,
, ..
;
Type : "PRI" ; "EXT" ;
"DOS" DOS; "non-DOS"
, , Disk Manager;
Volume Label , ( DOS);
Mbytes ;
System (
DOS):
Usage ( ).
(TsiT).
, , (. ) :
The Extended DOS Partition contains Logical DOS Drives.
Do you want to display the logical drive information (Y/N)..... .?[Y]
( .
?)
(Y) (Enter], .
38. DOS



Drv Volume Label Mbytes System Usage
E: Drive_E
966 FAT16
50%
F: Drive_F
966 FAT16
50%

Total Extended DOS Partition size is 1922 Mbytes

(1 MByte = 1048576 bytes)
[ESC).
( DOS)
FDisk I ("Create DOS Partition").
, "5.
Change current fixed disk drive" .
I (Create DOS partition or Logical DOS Drive)
:
1. Create Primary DOS Partition
2. Create Extended DOS Partition
3. Create Logical DOS Drive(s) in the Extended DOS Partition
, .
:
Create Primary DOS Partition , DOS ( );
Create Extended DOS Partition , DOS (
);
Create Logical DOS Drive(s) in the Extended DOS Partition
. , .
,

DOS. . 1

("Create Primary DOS Partition"). :

Do you want to use the maximum size for a DOS partition
and make the DOS partition active (Y/N)? [Y]
( DOS
^)
2 ,
DOS .
. ,
. 2
DOS 2 .
, CY) (Enter). FDisk DOS . 2 , ,
System will now restart.
Insert DOS diskette in drive A: Press any key when ready . . .
( .
: )
DOS , QQ (Enter~). DOS:

Total disk space is 4096 Mbytes (1 Mbyte = 1048576 bytes)

Maximum space available for partition is 2047 Mbytes (50%)
Enter partition size in Mbytes or percent of disk space (%)
to create a Primary DOS Partition...:
[2047]
Total disk space ,
Maximum space available [or partition , DOS. DOS
, (, 45).
, CEnter).
1 (Create DOS partition or Logical DOS Drive).

7. DOS

!
DOS
. iioi ^.

DOS
Create DOS partition or Logical DOS Drive ( 1 )
2 ("Create Extended DOS Partition").
2 , .
DOS (. ).
DOS
DOS. DOS , CEscJ
Create DOS partition or Logical DOS Drive.
. Create DOS partition or Logical DOS
Drive ( 1 ) 3 ("Create Logical DOS Drive(s) in the
Extended DOS Partition"). FDisk DOS ( , , , FDisk No Logical drives defined).
:
Total Extended DOS Partition size is 3072 Mbytes
Maximum space available for logical drive is 2047 Mbytes (67%)
Enter logical drive size in Mbytes or percent of disk space (%): [2047]
Total Extended DOS Partition size DOS , Maximum space available for logical drive
, . -

 , (, 45). , (EnteF). . , .
, :
All available space in the Extended DOS
partition is assigned to logical drives.
( )
FDisk ).
, ,
.
2 ("Change active partition") FDisk.
, , .. , . ).
DOS , FDisk :
Partition selected Is not startable, active partition not changed
( , )
, FDisk
:
The only startup partition on Drive 1 is already marked active
( 1 , )
FDisk (TsiT).
.. "non-DOS",
- , Windows NT OS/2.
DOS ,
( ),
( ).
FDisk 3 ("Delete DOS partition or Logical DOS Drive").
.
38. DOS
1. Delete Primary DOS Partition
2. Delete Extended DOS Partition
3. Delete Logical DOS drive(s) in
4. Delete Non-DOS Partition
the Extended DOS Partition

..l'lUfilh! 110
i )^;(:110
,,^ f-7A'>^
,
. :
Delete Primary DOS Partition DOS,
Delete Extended DOS Partition DOS;
Delete Logical DOS Drive(s) in the Extended DOS Partition
DOS.
, ;
Delete non-DOS Partition DOS.
.,/',.
( ),
( )
.
DOS ( 2 ) ( 3 ).
FDisk
. , . ,
:
Warning! Data in Primary DOS partition will be lost.
Do you wish to continue ? [N]
(. . ?)
(Y). FDisk
, ( Volume Label).
FDisk DOS
. ,
:
Warning! Data in deleted logical DOS drive will be lost.
Do you wish to continue ? [N]
(. .
?)
Q. FDisk
, ( Volume Label).
FDisk .
, .
, .
,
. ,
() .
() () -

, FDisk Format,
( - ), - DOS
.
38.6.
, , . , DOS, Windows 3.1 Windows 95 FAT
7. DOS

..

, . .
(
) , , Format.
FAT,
( ). Format (.
20).
: format : [/SJ .
/S , .
format : /s ( )
.
Format , , - . , -, FDIsk /Status,
. -, Dir :\*.* / (, dir d:\*.* / ), :
,
"General Failure reading drive ..." ("
... "). ,
Format;
"Invalid drive specification" ("
"), , . , FDisk :
Dir , , . , .
, ,
( ,
NDD (Norton Disk Doctor Norton Utilities): NDD

: / .
. Format, , ,
, , : "Enter current volume label for
drive x:" (" :").
. , : "Invalid volume Id. format failure" ( . ), Format . ,
.
, Format :
will be lost!
Warning, all data on non-removable disk on drive
Proceed with format (Y/N)?
(: : .
? Y, N )
, QQ
(EnteT). Q CEnt-erI.
39

DOS
MS DOS Intel-8088,
. 384 BIOS .
DOS, ,
640 , .
MS DOS , (Intel-80286 16 , Intel80286 4 ). MS DOS
DOS DOS- 640 .
,
. (
640 ) EMS-, , ,
.. : " : , , , , . !..".
"" :
, ,
, -.
- , .
",/.",- ':'
(., _; ... . ^ j.,^
DOS
, DOS
Intel8088 Intel8086. . DOS-
, , , .
, DOS- ( -

, Intel-8088), .
640 . , ( conventional memory).
DOS, , .
.,;(,
640 1 (" *, upper memory) , :
BIOS , , , ( BIOS );
;
BIOS, (, ..).
" .;^ "in"<' , , BIOS BIOS, . , - , 1
] ROM (read only memory), , , RAM
7. DOS


640
(random access rnernory, ). ROM- , RAM- .
DOS- ,
, DOS, . , 640 , 16
100 DOS, .
.
, DOS-
640 . 80- , IBM PC, 640 :
64 . , IBM PC
256 , 5000 .
, 640 (
640 100 DOS ). ( , , ,
..) . 640 :
300300 !
, , . , EMS .
39.2. EMS-

EMS-

EMS-
80- -
(memory extension cards),
.
(expanded
memory manager, EMM).
Lotus, Intel Microsoft (expanded memory specification, EMS). , , 4.0 LIM EMS 4.0. 32 .
, EMS-, EMS-. "expanded memory".
EMS- 32 ,
64 . , Intel8088 1 , 32 . EMS-
64 . (- EMS Frame) , 640 1 . EMS 16 , EMS- 4 EMS-. ,
EMS- EMS-,
EMS-OKHO, .
, , ,
. , EMS- ,
.
80- EMS- ,
,
IBM PC XT ( Intel-8088 8086). DOS-
(Microsoft Word, Ventura Publisher, Paradox .) EMS-,
. , - "" .
. EMS- , MS DOS:
FastOpen, VSafe, - MSCDEX
39. DOS
'.' 1 ' 14111."
RAMDRIVE. 4 5 MS DOS EMS-
Buffers CONFIG.SYS SmartDrv.
80- ,
IBM PC XT Intel-80286, 80386 ..,
. EMS-
, ,
. EMS- , .
, EMS-, EMS-,

 ( ) EMS-
. MS DOS, 5.0, 80386 EMM386..
^^1"'!

^"^<:. '!')11>,31){-'.!("
P^iC!lii'':P'! 14:; l;.jM>i !
DOS

1982 ., Intel Intel-80286.
(80386, 80486, Pentium Pentium Pro) Intel-8088, . , , 1 . 1 :
16 Intel80286 80836SX, 4 .
1
, DOS. Intel-8088, DOS
, (real mode) , IBM PC XT,
. 64
(. ).
, ,
(extended memory).

" " - . , DOS ,
, -
. , , , . 80-
. (XMS)
(, HIMEM.SYS),
DOS.
, EMS-. Windows 3.1 Windows
95. DOS- , . ,
, .
3^:11 inc. ,
MS
DOS: RAMDRIVE, SmartDrv
VSale. , 64
DOS (. ),

.
DOS , DOS-
DOS .
( 64 ) -

, .
XMS-
, ,

7. DOS
XMS- . ,
, .

, .
. ,
DOS, (Phar Lap, Borland .)
DOS (DOS-extenders) DOS .
,
, , .., DOS. DOOM.
, Windows ( Windows/386 2.0)
DOS.
39.4.
! ;'....:Ui

1-.:,1('.' '/W-i
b^
^'ui
64 .
, Intel-80286 Intel
, - ( Intel-8088) 64 (, 65520 )
. ,
, . 5.0, MS DOS
Intel-80286
64 .
, DOS-.
- 64 High Memory
Area, .
DOS HIMEM.SYS
CONFIG.SYS DOS=HIGH ( DOS=HIGH,UHB ). 40.

^ . Intel-80286 .
Intel-8088 :
. : = 16+.
1 (220), ( Intel-8088
1 ), (
64
) . , ,

 Intel-80286 ""

Intel-8080 . 64
(, 65520 ) .
39.5. ^^.
"
.1
DOS-
/ EMS-, 640
. ,
,
: -, , , .., .
, ,
.., .
, , DOS,
, ,
. 550-570 . : ,
. , 39. DOS
DOS

( , . 40.14).
, .
, ( ) DOS
64 . 30-40
Intel-80286 .
Intel-80386 !.
. , . , BIOS ,
"" , BIOS . ,
(

), .
(Quarterdesk, Qualitas .) (QEMM 386), ,

. 1990 . DR DOS 5.0 Digital Research,
Microsoft DOS. Microsoft
1991 . MS DOS 5.0, :

 EMM386, DeviceHigh
LoadHigh, .
, MS DOS 5.0 DOS 64 .
, EMM386 MS DOS, QEMM, 386 .
,
, . ,
: 100 200 (
).
-
.
,
( ), "" ,
BIOS . ,
(, , ). ,
.
,
. ,
. (
, ..) .
.
(Optimize QEMM
Quarterdesk, Maximize 386 Qualitas ..). MS DOS 6.0
MemMaker, 41.
, ,
DOS CONFIG.SYS AUTOEXEC.BAT.
.

7. DOS
[] 39.6'
I fr'' !)'^.'^""-"-<>."{.
^ l\1Mf^f.^^ Il4<,' ,//- ii .1 li-U.'
:t) ":1(^l". i'^^^ll.^"
MEM. :

EMS-
Memory Type
Conventional
Upper
Reserved
Extended (XMS)
Total memory
Total under 1 MB
Total
40K
143K
384K
173K
740K
182K
mo ry

64
64
600K OK
area.

600K
OK
OK
196K
796K
600K
(614

688 (0

bytes) bytes)

640K
143K
384K
64 369K
65 536K
783K
Largest executable program size
Largest free upper memory block
MS-DOS is resident in the high memory
(Conventional , Upper
. Reserved , , , , BIOS, BIOS , Extended (XMS) )
( Total), ( Used) , ( Free). Total
memory , Total
under I MB .
,
,
( Largest executable program size), ( Largest free upper memory block).
DOS 64 () CONFIG.SYS DOS=HIGH), :
MS-DOS is resident in the high memory area (MS DOS ). , 64 ,
: The high memory area is available ( ).
EMM386 EMS-, Extended (XMS)
.
:
EMM386 Is using XMS memory to simulate EMS memory as needed.
Free EMS memory may change as free XMS memory changes.

(EMM386 EMS-
. EMS-
).
EMS- (Total Expanded)
EMS- (Free Expanded)'.
Total Expanded (EMS)
Free Expanded (EMS)*
32 064 (32 833 536 bytes)
31 376 (32 129 024 bytes)
" ) /1"," 11'
1-1(^101If .iUII^H Hi.'
/ 1 1 ! lpOl /.)- 'MM:
,
, MEM / / . /
, / Mem
( - ).
Mem (
):
39. DOS
Modules using memory below 1 MB:
Name
Total
Conventional
Upper Memory
SYSTEM
HIMEM
EMM386
DBLBUFF
ASPIDISK
SETVER
KEYB
Free

33
1
4
2
9
6
614

264
168
320
448
472
832
944
704

(32K)
(1K)
(4K)
(2K)
(9K)
(1K)
(7K)
(600K)

9
1
4
2
9
614

632
168
320
448
472
0
0
704

(9K)
(1K)
(4K)
(2K)
(9K)
(OK)
(OK)
(600K)

23 632
0
0
0
0
832
6 944
0

(23K)
(OK)
(OK)
(OK)
(OK)
(1K)
(7K)
(OK)

C)l4f;1
1
Name (: System
DOS, a Free ). Total (, DOS ..) ,
Conventional Upper Memory , {conventional) (upper).
(. " " ).
3, iMi'i. iiinr . ,
MEM / > MEM.LST MEM
MEM.LST.
, ,
, MEM /F .
.
(Free Conventional Memory):

Free Conventional Memory:

Segment
Total


OOB9F
0142D
01436
029FO
80 (OK)
144 (OK)
88 992 (87K)
482 544 (471K)
Total Free: 571 760 (558K)
(Free Conventional Memory). (
, Segment) ( Total).
Total Free .
3.:1<". ,
, MEM, ,

.
: .
,

:
Segment

Total

OOB9F
0142D
80
571680
(OK.)
(558K)
(Free
Upper Memory):

pree Upper Memory:
Region Largest Free Total Free
Total Size
41 488
65 520
(41 )
(64K)
41 488
65 520

(41 K)
(64K)
76 624
65 520
(75K)
(64K)

<i
( )
( Region),
( Largest Free),
( Total Free)
( Total Size).
, DOS, , MEM /D / . /D , / Mem
( ).
7. DOS

(Conventional Memory Details), (Upper Memory
Details). :
Conventional Memory Detaij:
Segment
Total
Name
00000
00040
00050
00070

00123
0027D

5
34
1
3
13

OOAF4
OOAF9
OOB9F
OOBA4
00 5
OOBBE
OOE87
02441

10
2
3
2

11
88
505

Type

039
271
527
864

(1K)
(OK)
(1K)
(3K)

536
672
152
104
184
896
256
640
288
008
80
656
80
272
144
408
992
824

(5K)
(34K)
(1K)
(3K)
(13K)
(1K)
(OK)
(10K)
(2K)
(3K)
(OK)
(3K)
(OK)
(OK)
(OK)
(11K)
(87K)
(494K)

Interrupt Vector
ROM Communication Area
DOS Communication Area
10
System Data
CON
System Device Driver
AUX
System Device Driver
COM3
System Device Driver
COM4
System Device Driver
MSDOS
System Data
10
System Data
XMSXXXXO
Installed Device=HIMEM
EMMOXXXO
Installed Device^EMM386
SCSIMGR$ Installed Device^ASPIBMV
FILES=20
FCBS=4
BUFFERS=20
LASTDRIVE=Z
STACKS', 256
MSDOS
System Program
COMMAND P rog ram
MSDOS
-- Free -~
COMMAND Environment
MEM
Environment
KEYRUS
P ram
MEM
Program
MSDOS
-- Free

Upper Memory Detail:

Segment. Region
OC94A 1 35
35
OD1DD 1
OD1E6 1 14
OD56E 1 26

120
088
-144
464
912

Total
(34K)
(34K)
(OK)
(14K)
(26K)

10
DBLSYSH$
MOUSE
MOUSE
MSDOS

Name
Type
System Data
installed Device=-DRVSPACE
Environment
Program
-- Free --

( , Segment), ( Total),
,
( Name), ( Type). ( Region).
Name ,
. (-- Free --
Type) Name ( ) MSDOS.
Type : Interrupt Vector , ROM Communication Area , BIOS, DOS Communication Area , DOS,
System Data MS DOS, System Device Driver
DOS , Installed Device , DEVICE
DEVICEHIGH CONFIG.SYS, FILES=..., FCBS=..., BUFFERS=..., LASTDRIVE^..., STACKS=... , ,
CONFIG.SYS, Program , Environment
, -- Free .
, 1 , (Memory accessible using Int 15h),
EMS- (EMS version) (XMS version),
.
. . ,
MEM / > MEM. LST MEM .
LST.
, , MEM / --- .
, MEM / MOUSE MOUSE.
8

DOS
DOS. 40
,
.
, , .
CONFIG.SYS
AUTOEXEC.BAT. ,

 1'
(, ).
41 MemMaker,
CONFIG.SYS
AUTOEXEC.BAT ,
.

40. DOS ................................................. 440
41. ........................................ 466
40
DOS
IBM PC?
, .
,
DOS. , DOS . . DOS MemMaker.
40. 1. CONFIG.SYS AUTOEXEC.BAT
DOS CONFIG.SYS
AUTOEXEC.BAT. 15, DOS
CONFIG.SYS AUTOEXEC.BAT
.
CONFIG S/S
CONFIG.SYS ,

DOS: , DOS .. CONFIG.SYS

. , CONFIG.SYS , . , MS DOS,
6.0, CONFIG.SYS
( . 40.14).
^" DOS
CONFIG.SYS AUTOEXEC.BAT, . AUTOEXEC.BAT , , 32. , AUTOEXEC.BAT
, DOS, DOS
( Set), ,
( Path), DOS ( Prompt).
40.2. DOS
DOS :
1. DOS, , DOS ( CONFIG.SYS AUTOEXEC.BAT).

2. CONFIG.SYS.
3. AUTOEXEC.BAT.
4. CONFIG.SYS AUTOEXEC.BAT
(. 41).
1"-1 11^1

^"'^
DRVSPACE (DriveSpace) DBLSPACE (DoubleSpace), 1

40. DOS

441

.
34.
i'?i1)no)i, .i",< '!. ^^.ll
DOS

n'j,-,,.),., -j i,
.
.
,''1.'(' (".." ,
DOS
CONFIG.SYS AUTOEXEC.BAT, ^
" "
40.340.9, 40.10 40.11,
CONFIG.SYS AUTOEXEC.BAT.
40 3. DOS
.
.
1 ,!<" , ( )
{)>')

(DOS,
DOS Windows, Windows 95 .), - ,
.. , .
DOS ,
" ". , . , .
Koi!H[)<^)Uiii!i''n'.' >!.'<() -
, 101 ^
( , ..).
, ..
, .

:
, ,
..:
, -.
Norton
Backup (., , 50),
- ARJ PKZIP (. 33).
(, lomega Jaz, )
, ,
(, Norton Commander
).
, Windows 386PART.PAR, , Norton Disk Doctor (
FILEnnnn._DD) .., DOS (10. SYS MSDOS.SYS).
, , ( - )
.
^^""^"' -
, , ,
. NDD
(Norton Disk Doctor) Norton Utilities ( ., , 35).
8. MS DOS

- (
,

).
(
, DOS, ,
), "" () .
:, , : .
DOS FORMAT A: /S .
, DOS,
( MS DOS 6.22).
( DOS) DOS
: Format, FDisk Sys ( FORMAT.COM, SYS.COM FDISK.EXE).
. DOS , . , .

DOS,

 DOS, . ,
,
(, Norton Lomrnaiider DOS DIR : /)
DOS ( MS DOS 10.SYS MSDOS.SYS)
COMMAND. tOM.
- ,
( -, ,
..), , ,
CONFIG.SYS AUTOEXEC.BAT
. , -,
ASP18DOS.SYS ASPICD.SYS,
MSCDEX.EXE. :
ASP18DOS.SYS, ASPICD.SYS
MSCDEX.EXE;
CONFIG.SYS ( , )
ASP18DOS.SYS ASPICD.SYS,
DEVICE=ASP18DOS.SYS /D
DEVICE=ASPICD.SYS /D:MSCDOOO
AUTOEXEC.BAT ( , )
MSCDEX.EXE,
A:\MSCDEX.EXE /D:MSCDOOO

, -.
. , , ,
-.
, ,
DOS. , ,
.. :
DOS : Format, FDisk Sys.
DOS,
. "" DOS,
: "Incorrect DOS version";
, ,
NDD, UnFormat, DiskEdit UnErase, Norton Utilities;
- . Norton Commander NCEDIT.EXE. 5.0 Norton Commander NCEDIT.EXE NCEDIT.MSG:
:
PKUNZIP, ARJ, LHA ..
.
40. DOS

DOS
Setup
- - Norton Commander, . Norton Commander 4 5 ,
(. 29).
. 1. ,
, DOS
COMMAND. . :
"Insert diskette with COMMAND. in drive A: and^press Enter"
( COMMAND. : (Tnt ")). , COMMAND. DOS, .
2. Norton Utilities , NDD, UnFornnat, DiskEdit UnErase, (. 3 ).
3. 7 8 Norton Utilities (.)
NDD, UnFormat, DiskEdit UnErase NDD
(NDD.MSG), - Norton Utilities ( NLIB200.RTL ).
,
.
( DOS),
(:, D:, : ..),
- .
.
1. 2 ,
DOS 2 .
2. ,
, Windows NT OS/2. (, ) . ,
DOS, Windows 95, OS/2 Windows NT Workstation
(, , OS/2 ). ( , OS/2
Windows NT Workstation)
- , , .
3. :
. "
",
,
. , , , "" .
4. " " DriveSpace, Stacker .. (. 34).
, - .

 .
DOS
FDisk. 38. , DOS - ,
, .
DOS :. , DOS. , : DOS . DOS. ( DOS,
, ..), DOS
CONFIG.SYS AUTOEXEC.BAT.
MS DOS
. SETUP .

8. MS DOS
:

CONFIG.SYS
AUTOEXEC.BAT

""

: , , , . , MS DOS,
. : FORMAT : /S. ,
: , DIR :
"General failure reading drive :", "Invalid media type reading
drive :" .. , ,
( CF3J) FORMAT : /S.
DOS , .. DOS

 DOS SYS : (, SYS.). : , FORMAT : /S ( FORMAT.).

DOS. DOS
. Path
AUTOEXEC.BAT.
^. DOS
( ).
DOS ,

EXPAND ( DOS). : EXPAND - --. , EXPAND SHARE, _ SHARE. EXE.

- ,
( -, ,
..), ,
. , , CONFIG.SYS AUTOEXEC.BAT :
. .
-
DRVSPACE (DriveSpace) DBLSPACE (DoubleSpace),
.
34.

. ,
8. , .
, : PKUNZIP, ARJ, LHA ..
,
,
.

DOS (CONFIG.SYS AUTOEXEC.BAT), .
CONFIG.SYS AUTOEXEC.BAT DOS "" ,
, .
RESCUE Norton Utilities (. 35)
Windows Rescue Norton Desktop for
Windows (. 49).
40. DOS

445

:,;:!,:. l^i'i;
,. /^';'f^"\, ,, < :
i!i.'(t^t.,
, DOS
(
), -

. DOS
.
1. CONFIG.SYS AUTOEXEC.BAT.
, .
2. CONFIG.SYS AUTOEXEC.BAT ( ), ,
.
, Windows 3.1
AUTOEXEC.BAT
SMARTDRV.EXE. ,
, -
SMARTDRV.EXE MSCDEX.EXE,
- .
3. DOS, . , (, , ).
4. , ,
DOS.
.
, CONFIG.SYS
AUTOEXEC.BAT MemMaker ,
(, Optimize QEMM). , ,
, . 40.13 40.14, , , .
, DOS , DOS "" , , .
RESCUE Norton Utilities (. 35)
Windows Rescue Norton Desktop for Windows (. 49).
DOS
, (,
-, , ..), ""
() .

40.
^:^;' '-P''H,! ^ k^^ha'p
DOS ,
, .
, , , ,
.
MS DOS, 6.22, -

 . CONFIG.SYS
446
8. MS DOS

( , MS DOS
C:\EXE\MSDOS):
device=c : \exe\msd s\di splay, sys con=(ega, ,1)
AUTOEXEC.BAT :
mode con codepage prepare=((866) c:\exe\msdos\ega3.cpi)
mode con codepage select^866
MS DOS - ,
.
EGA, VGA SuperVGA.
CONFIG.SYS con=(ega,,1)
con=(lcd,,1) .
. 1. . -
.
2. MDA, CGA Hercules ("")

. ,
ChiWriter

.
3. Hercules Plus .
4. DOS ( 6.22)
-, UNISCR ..,
Beta Plus ..

, .
MS DOS, 6.22,
KEYB. AUTOEXEC.BAT ( , MS DOS C:\EXE\MSDOS):
keyb ru, ,c:\exe\msdos\keybrd2.sys
KEYB
^ Shift^
) Shifr) .
. 1. ( )

 KEYB , ,

KEYBRD2.SYS DiskEdit Norton Utilities.

2. MS DOS 7.0 ( Windows 95) KEYBRD2.SYS
KEYBRD3.SYS. , KEYB
( , MS DOS 7.0
C:\WINDOWS\COMMAND): keyb ru,,c:\windows\command\keybrd3.sys .

_^

(11^( Shi^Q (Ci i'l^ Shinj .

MS T)OS . KEYB (,

KEYBRD2.SYS KEYBRD3.SYS
DiskEdit Norton Utilities).
MS DOS
. MS DOS 6.22 7.0,
KEYB:
, , ,
. , UNIKBD ..
UNIKBD /12.4 /KA:LSRS
"" , ""
(Shift), [Shift),
(Shift~).
.
40. DOS

447

COUNTRY CONFIG.SYS
, , .. ,
, , .
, , CONFIG.SYS ( , MS DOS
C:\EXE\MSDOS):
country=007, 866, : \exe\msdos\country. sys
, ,
(31 1995 .31.12.95, 12/31/95, 20 20:00, 8;00),
(, Norton Utilities)
..
1. (007 866)
MS DOS, 6.20. DOS 049 () 437.
2. ( COUNTRY) , MS DOS , . , :
//.
H--ji.1<M/' t !! 1
Intel-80286 ,
1 ,

 DOS 64
( ), 30-40
. CONFIG.SYS :
DEVICE=C : \EXE\MSDOS\HIMEM . SYS
DOS=HIQH
( , HIMEH.SYS C:\EXE\HSDOS).
MS DOS 5.0 ( DR DOS 5.0).
1. HIMEM.SYS .
/TESTMEM:OFF,
, .
2. DOS 64 ,
, - lntel-e0286. ,
Intel-8088

: 16+. ,
1 , ""

( 64 ) .

( ) Intel-80286
, (
DOb) 64 (, 65520 )

. ,

, .
Intel-80386
"" ( 640 1 ),
. CONFIG.SYS
:
DEVICE=C: \EXE\MSDOS\HIMEM. SYS
DEVICE=C: \EXE\MSDOS\EMM386. EXE NOEMS
DOS=HIGH. UMB

8. MS DOS


, HIMEM.SYS EMM386.
C:\EXE\MSDOS.
"" . CONFIG.SYS DEVICEHIGH ( ),
AUTOEXEC.BAT (
DOS) LOADHIGH LH ( ).
DOS "" ( 640 1 ), ,
.


DEVICEHIGH=C:\EXE\MOUSE.SYS 2
( CONFIG.SYS)
LOADHIGH C:\EXE\SMADTDRV.EXE 2048 1024 ( AUTOEXEC.BAT)
3.4M("i;iHi'r,i 1. EMM386
. ,
640
1
. =-
EMM386. , EMM386 64 ,

C000h:0, X=COOO-CFFF.
2. EMM386. .
3. 80386

, ,
.
(EMM386., QEMM .) , "" , ,
.
HIMEM.SYS EMM386. -
, QEMM 386.
. , ,
, . ,
QEMM CONFIG.SYS :
DEVICE^C: \EXE\QEMM\QEMM. SYS
DOS=HIGH, UMB
EMS- DOS- EMS,
. Ventura Publisher 2.0, Microsoft
Word 5.0 5.5 .
Intel-80386 , EMS-,
DOS-. EMM386.
NOEMS RAM. ,
EMM386. C:\EXE\MSDOS,
:
DEVICES : \EXE\MSDOS\EMM386 . RAM
(, 32 ) EMS-. , , Sysinfo , , , 7
7 , 8 .

EMS-
, EMS-, EMS- , -

:
DEVICE=C: \EXE\MSDOS\EMM386. 2048 RAM
, EMS-, 2048
(.. 2 ).
, DOS-, EMS-.

EMS-
EMS- :
( 640 1 ) 64 " " EMS. , .
, , ,
.
40. DOS
. , EMS EMM386. .
EMS-,
EMS-, . , EMS-,
, .
EMS- FRAME=NONE , :
DEVICES: \EXE\MSDOS\EMM386. 2048 RAM FRAME=NONE
DEVICE=C:\EXE\MSDOS\EMM386.EXE RAM FRAME=NONE
, EMS-, , ,
. FRAME=NONE.
3":1^ 1. FRAME=ac)pec
"" (,
FRAHE=EOOO).
2. EMS- MS DOS 6.0
. ( MS DOS 5.0) EMM386 EMS-
, ,
.
, .
40.8.

-
BIOS , . : -, , ..,
.
" " , .
,

 ,
CONFIG.SYS AUTOEXEC.BAT . , , .
-
, , BIOS ,
-. - , MS DOS
MSCDEX.EXE. , -,
, -
. ,
- DOS :
( ), -;
MSCDEX.EXE,
- , ( ).
, SCSI-, SCSI- Adaptec,
: ASPInDOS.SYS ( , ) ASPICD.SYS.
ASPI SCSI-,
-. EZSCSI,
SCSI- Adaptec.
CONFIG.SYS ( DEVICE DEVICEHIGH):
DEVICE=C: \EXE\SCSI\ASP18DOS. SYS
DEVICE=C:\EXE\SCSI\ASPICD. SYS /D: CDDRIV01
, : \ \ SCSI,
- CDDRIV01 ( MSCDEX, . ). /D.
8. MS DOS

MSCDEX.EXE
AUTOEXEC.BAT. :
: \EXE\MSDOS\MSCDEX. EXE /D: CDDRIV01
, C:\EXE\MSDOS,
CDDRIV01 , ,
-.
, - (, lornega,
SyQuest, ..), , -
, .
MSCDEX.EXE, , . , .
, , SCSI-
Adaptec, : ASPInDOS.SYS (
, ) ASPIDISK.SYS. ASPI SCSI-,
. CONFIG.SYS

 ( DEVICE DEVICEHIGH):
DEVICE=C: \EXE\SCSI\ASP18DOS. SYS
DEVICE=C: \EXE\SCSI\ASPIDISK. SYS
/D
, : \ EXE \ SCSI.
40.9.

,
. (),
.
,
- . ,
.
.
,
- ( )
-. - . , , , ,
-. - -
, . , . RAID- .
(
).

, . : ,
. , , , . , (,
), .
, ,
, . , .
40. DOS
1,1
>'.. "/."-;< ';'1 ^l;"i.')f!
.. ! 1(1.),1.1'.1
SMAPTOW. F-'XE



^
: ,
(, ). .
(UPS) .
DOS,
. , MS DOS SmartDrive (SMARTDRV.EXE),
Norton Utilities Norton Cache (NCACHE2.EXE) ..
MS DOS SMARTDRV.EXE, .
SMARTDRV.EXE , .
.
SMARTDRV.EXE
AUTOEXEC.BAT. :
^,nm--npopae'\)S^fi^nJDF^\/CB(E')
(- {---Windows^} (/X]
-- SMARTDRV.EXE.
:
- ( ) DOS;
---Windows ( )
Windows.
/X , , , , ( -+, . ).
, SMARTDRV.EXE
C:\EXE\MSDOS.
C:\EXE\HSDOS\SHARTDRV.EXE 2048 1536 2048 (2 )

DOS, 1536 (1,5 ) Windows.

. C:\EXE\MSDOS\SMARTDRV.EXE /X ,

1 .
. 1. SMARTDRV ,
(, HIMEM.SY^) SMARlDRV. - , MSCDEX
SMARTDRV.
2. ,
, 8 .

 .
3. , DriveSpace DoubleSpace,
SMARTDRV , , , .
4. SMARTDRV.EXE
,
(
), . SMARTDRV / ,
SHARTDRV /S SHARTDRV .
5. Windows 95 ,

Windows 95, DOS- -

Windows 95, SMARTDRV.EXE . Windows 90, " MS DOS" Windows 95 , SMARTDRV.EXE ,
Windows 95.
:
, .
SMARTDRV, ,
SMARTDRV DOS.
:

8. MS DOS
-+
--
;
;
,
.

/'^<"^^i^^^
'.^<'l.n13iir^;-^

^),f.'<,.^<l^l(.
11(,+\-~) , ( )
.
, , , .
- .
, , /X
.
SHARTDRV /X D+
, , D: .
SHARTDRV - :.

SMARTDRV + :.

- , -
, . SMARTDRV /L,
,
( 16 ). ,
, - . 2 , .
MS DOS 6.06.22
CONFIG.SYS :
DEVICE=Cnt/mb-K-^auee^\DSMARTDRV.EXE /DOUBLE_BUFFER
MS DOS 7.0 MSDOS.SYS Dout)leBuffer=1
CONFIG.SYS :
DEVICE=Cni/mt,-K-(3pauecpt/\jDBLBUFF.SYS
, SMARTDRV. C:\EXE\MSDOS.
DEVICE=C:\EXE\HSDOS\SMARTDRV.EXE /DOUBLE BUFFER

CONFIG.SYS. MS DOS '6.0 6.22.
.^. ,

, SMARTDRV. Disk Caching

Status. Buffering ( ) No,
, ,
.
40. 10. CONFIG.SYS

CONFIG.SYS

CONFIG.SYS , CONFIG.SYS. ,
"" CONFIG.SYS, DOS.
CONFIG.SYS , DOS.
DOS, , ( , ),
. CONFIG.SYS , DOS. CONFIG.SYS , DOS .
. CONFIG.SYS DOS.
CONFIG.SYS .
, DOS.
:
- =

 40. DOS

CONFIG.SYS

CONFIG.SYS .

, CONFIG.SYS :
, DOS. ";", "REM" ( ) ;
, ( )
. ,
. , (. ).
CONFIG.SYS , , , CONFIG.SYS.
.
CONFIG.SYS , [MENU]
, CONFIG.SYS.
, DOS
CONFIG.SYS, , , [COMMON]. ( ).
. , , 40.14.
. 1. CONFIG.SYS "=" , CONFIG.SYS DOS ,
"(Y/Nl ?". 40.15.
2. MS DOS 6.20, CONFIG.SYS .

DOS "Starting MS-DOS" {HQ (Ctrl) (7^). 15.

3. CONFIG.SYS , , [COMMON], CONFIG.SYS .
4. CONFIG.SYS [MENUl,
ICOMMONT
CONFIG.SYS.
CONFIG.SYS
:
DEVICE = -- ^] -

;
DEVICEHIGH = -- ^)
( 640 1 );
INSTALL = -- ^) .
. 1. DEVICEHIGH , . ,

CONFIG.SYS AUTOEXEC.BAT MemMaker.

2. , CONFIG.SYS
( EMM386) OOS=UMB
DOS=HIGH,UHB.
3. CONFIG.SYS Install
,

. , :
Install.
4. , Install
. Install InstallHigh, , MS DOS 7.0.
Install ,
AUTOEXEC.BAT LH (LoadHigh).
(
, MS DOS C:\EXE\MSDOS):
DEVICE=C:\EXE\MSDOS\HIHEH.SYS /TESTMEM:OFF

HIMEM.SYS (. . 40.7), :
40. DOS


DOS

CONFIG.SYS
SWITCHES /F /N "Starting MSDOS" DOS
CONFIG.SYS AUTOEXEC.BAT
() (183.
. 1. SWITCHES .
2. CONFIG.SYS SWITCHES /F /N
CONFIG.SYS AUTOEXEC.BAT ,
, DriveSpace DoubleSpace. , [Ct rl ]
(^)

 (1)() ,
CONFIG.SYS AUTOEXEC.BAT. ,
DRVSPACE.INI ( DBLSPACE.INI) SWITCHES /N .
CONFIG.SYS DOS:
Break = on Break = off DOS
( Ctrl] [Break) [Ctrl) () -
. , .
DOS: BREAK ON BREAK OFF ;
Country = o-cmpa.,ooa-cmpaua,nooe-l^.-aa-COlJNTRY.SYS
, , .. (. . 40.7).
MS DOS, 6.2, :
007, 866. DOS 049 437. :
count ry=007, 866,c:\exe\msdos\country. sys ;
Numlock = on Numlock = off
(.. "Nurn Lock", "Num
Lock" ).
CONFIG.SYS .
, 80386 , MS
DOS C:\EXE\MSDOS,
C:\EXE\SCSI.
;
DOS
BUFFERS=10
FILES=50
LASTDRIVE=J
FCBS==4,0
STACKS=9,256
;
,
COUNTRY=007,866,C:\EXE\MSDOS\COUNTRY. SYS
;

SHELL=C:\COMMAND.COM /:512 /
;

BREAK=ON
NUMLOCK=OFF
:

DEVICE=C:\EXE\MSDOS\HIMEM. SYS /TESTMEM:OFF
DEVICE=C:\EXE\MSDOS\EMM386. EXE NOEMS
;
DOS HMA,
DOS^HIGH, UMB
;
866
DEVICEHIGH=C:\EXE\MSDOS\DISPLAY. SYS CON=()
;
(. . 40.8)
;
ASP18DOS.SYS ASPI- Adaptec 2940
DEVICEHIGH^C: \EXE\SCSI\ASP18DOS. SYS /D
;
ASP18DOS.SYS -
DEVICEHIQH=C: \EXE\SCSI\ASPICD. SYS /D: MSCDOO
;
ASPIDISK
;
(SyQuest, lomega .)

DEVICEHIGH=C:\EXE\SCSI\ASPIDISK. SYS /D

8. MS DOS
;
DRVSPACE.BIN (. . 40.10)
DEVICEHIGH=C: \EXE\MSDOS\DRVSPACE. SYS /MOVE
3:1("1:~>. i. , (
)
, , . ,
, ,
,
.
2. ( DRVSPACE.SYS) DriveSpace.
40. 1 1. AUTOEXEC.BAT

DOS
DOS CONFIG.SYS AUTOEXEC.BAT, . AUTOEXEC.BAT , .
.
, AUTOEXEC.BAT :
,
DOS;
DOS ( SET):
Path , :
Prompt DOS.
AUTOEXEC.BAT DOS
.
AUTOEXEC.BAT , -

 , 32.
18, DOS Path ,
. , DOS,
, ,
Path. Path .
: path - ; -")...
, Path, , .
, Path,
, .
. Path ,
, .
Path C:\EXE;C:\EXE\MSDOS;D:\TP;D:\TC;D:\WORD
. 1. Path , ..
"\", C:\USER\WORK.
DOS

, .
2. Path . . . .\. .
,
.
3.

Path ,
Path, .
DOS (.. , , DOS ) Prompt. :
prompt {.) . , Prompt, $, $n, $d, $t, $h, $e, $g .
21. , PROMPT $$ DOS, 40. DOS

">", C:\WORK\DOC> . .
. DOS ANSI.SYS,
DOS .
21, DOS ,
(environment), , .
-= , - , , . DOS Set. :
set =
, ,
. DOS
( ) .
:
TEMP , ;
,
TEMP, , ;
BLASTER , DOS-
Sound Blaster- . ,
SET BLASTER=a330 19 d1 t2 , - 330, IRQ 9, DMA 1,
2 ( Sound Blaster Pro);
COMSPEC DOS (
COMMAND.). COMSPEC
Shell CONFIG.SYS (. ).
set TEMP- C:\WINDOWS\TEMP
set - C:\WINDOWS\TEMP
SET BLASTER- 19 d1 t2
set COMSPEC=C:\COMMAND.COM
. , ,
, Set "Out of
environment
space". , /

Shell CONF16.SYS (. ).
AUTOEXEC.BAT ,
. AUTOEXEC.BAT , .
, , .
,
.

 , AUTOEXEC.BAT.
,

. 40.5, MS
DOS, 6.22, Mode. , CONFIG.SYS DISPLAY.SYS.
(, MS DOS
C:\EXE\MSDOS):
MODE CON CODEPAQE PREPARE=((866.) C:\EXE\MSDOS\EGA3.CPI)
MODE CON CODEPAGE SELECT=866
DOS ( 6.22) -, UNISCR .., Beta Plus ..
DOS ,
,
. 40.6, MS DOS,

8. MS DOS

MSCDEX

SMARTDRV

6.22, KEYB.
( , MS DOS C:\EXE\MSDOS):
KEYB RU, ,C:\EXE\MSDOS\KEYBRD2.SYS
KEYB [) [ Shift)
) ( Shift) .
,
, , , .
, UNIKBD .. UNIKBD /12,4 /KA:LSRS "" , ""
.
(Shift), (Shifti, (Shift). .

.

 , DOS,
. - ,

. DOSKEY 16. , Norton Commander, .
-,
- MSCDEX.EXE (. 40.8).
- ,
- -.
MSCDEX.EXE :
: \EXE\MSDOS\MSCDEX. EXE /D: MSCDOO
, C:\EXE\MSDOS,
MSCDOO , , - (. 40.8).
1 , . SMARTDRV (. 40.9). :
SMARTDRVC. EXEj ^- (paep-a-no-Windows')~) [/X]
- DOS;
---Windows ( )
Windows. , . /X, , ,
, ( , ). SMARTDRV 40.9.
, : C:\EXE\MSDOS\SMARTDRV.EXE
2048 1536 /X , SMARTDRV.EXE
C:\EXE\MSDOS, 2048 (2 )
DOS 1536 (1,5 ) Windows, .
. 1. SMARTDRV ,
(, HIMEM.SYb) SMARTDRV. - , MSCDEX
SMARTDRV.
40. DOS

-

AUTOEXEC.BAT

2. (
),
Windows 95, .
AUTOEXEC.BAT . :
- ( ) .
ADinf DSAV "-";
- . Aidstest Dr. Web
DSAV "-", NAV Norton Antivirus. - " " -. , Aidstest Dr. Web , ADinf:
- ,
, , ""
"" , .. , ""
(, COMMAND.
). ,
, .
NAVTSR Norton Antivirus, NA.VBRES Norton
Antivirus Windows 95.
' . 11 36.
AUTOEXEC.BAT
(. 35):
Image :
NDD ;
SpeeDisk .
AUTOEXEC.BAT
( DOS , Windows 50).

( , , Image), DOS, , ,
. ,
AUTOEXEC.BAT
, AUTOEXEC.BAT
. .
- - Norton
Commander, AUTOEXEC.BAT
.
AUTOEXEC.BAT .

, MS DOS C:\EXE\MSDOS.
@>echo off
rem

path :\; C:\EXE\MSDOS; C:\EXE\NU; C:\WINDOWS; D:\BC
rem
DOS
prompt $p$g
rem

set TEMP= C:\WINDOWS\TEMP
set TMP = C:\WINDOWS\TEMP
SET BLASTER=a330 i9 d1 12
rem

MODE CON CODEPAGE PREPARE=((866) C:\EXE\MSDOS\EGA3.CPI)
MODE CON CODEPAGE SELECT=866
rem

8. MS DOS
KEYB RU, ,C:\EXE\MSDOS\KEYBRD2.SYS
rem

call C:\EXE\ANTIVIR\VIRTEST.BAT
rem
MSCDEX ( -)
: \EXE\MSDOS\MSCDEX. EXE /D: MSCDOO
rem
SMARTDRV ( )
C:\EXE\MSDOS\SMARTDRV.EXE /X
rem
Norton Commander
NC
c^

" ".
40. 12. AUTOEXEC.BAT

AUTOEXEC.BAT
(. 35) .
, DOS, . , ,
AUTOEXEC.BAT ,
(. . 40.15). .
AUTOEXEC.BAT (, , ). ,
AUTOEXEC.BAT:

 ,
,

_____

____

(). () )).
AUTOEXEC.BAT
, .
1. (
, )
. echo. \.1>--1 . echo.
, date, date . date
.
2.
. , echo. ',1:>-.-2 .
3. . 1 . 2 .
fc --1 .--2 ', find "FC: no differences" > nul
find,
"FC: no differences". find
( nul)
. , .
4. . 3 1, , ,
0 .
: NDD :
Image . AUTOEXEC.BAT (

: \, ):
find "FC:
differences'
echo. ;date>C:\BAT\NDD_DATE.2
fc C:\BAT\NDD_DATE.2 C:\BAT\NDD_DATE.
if ERRORLEVEL 1 goto NO_NDD
NDD C: /C
Image C:
40. DOS
Dh'ni) "<^ i Hi-' - i/i
3>)(:01..:1
')! .'!

.'of

echo. !date>C:\BAT\NDD_DATE.1
: NO_NDD
, .
WEEKDAY BE Norton Utilities. BE WEEKDAY
1 , 2 ..., 7 .
ERRORLEVEL IF.
:
NDD
: /,
NDD : /0. AUTOEXEC.BAT ( , BE , Path):
BE WEEKDAY
if ERRORLEVEL 7 goto NOFRIDAY
If ERRORLEVEL 6 goto FRIDAY
: NOPRIDAY
NDD C: /Q
goto NDD_DONE
: FRIDAY
NDD C: /C
: NDD_DONE
AUTOEXEC.BAT ,
. :

, ( )
. ,

: Image:
echo. !date>C:\BAT\NDD_DATE.2
fC C:\BAT\NDD_DATE.2 C:\BAT\NDD_DATE.
if ERRORLEVEL 1 goto NO_NDD
BE WEEKDAY
7 goto NOFRIDAY
6 goto FRIDAY
differences" > nul
find "FC:
if ERRORLEVEL
if ERRORLEVEL
: NOFRIDAY
NDD C: /Q
goto NDD_DONE
: FRIDAY
NDD C: /C
: NDD_DONE
Image C:
echo. ;date>C:\BAT\NDD_DATE.1
: NO_NDD
MS DOS

 . ,
"Starting MS DOS..." (JF8], MS DOS CONFIG.SYS AUTOEXEC.BAT. ,
- .
, , AUTOEXEC.BAT
, . SHIFTSTATt BE
Norton Utilities. BE SHIPTSTATE 1 [Shifti, 2 (Shift), 3
[Ctrl), 4 ).
. , (Ctrl) [Shift) . ERRORLEVEL IF.
1 NDD : / , (^^J,
Q^l (AID. ATJTOD^EC.BAT ( , BE , Path):
BE SHIFTSTATE
if ERRORLEVEL 1 goto NO_NDD
NDD C: /C
: NO_NDD

8. MS DOS


AUTOEXEC.BAT,
: NDD, SpeeDisk Image. : NDD SpeeDisk. NDD. , , : Image. , :\ , BE , Path.
BE SHIFTSTATE
: \BAT\NDD_DATE.
NO NDD
find "FC:
differences"
nul
if ERRORLEVEL 1 goto NO_NDD
echo. ;date>C: \BAT\NDD_DATE. 2
fc C: \BAT\NDD_DATE. 2
if ERRORLEVEL 1 goto
BE WEEKDAY
if ERRORLEVEL 7 goto NOFRIDAY
if ERRORLEVEL 6 goto FRIDAY

: NOFRIDAY
NDD C: /Q
goto NDD_DONE
: FRIDAY
NDD C: /C
BE SHIFTSTATE
if ERRORLEVEL 1 goto NO_NDD
SPEEDISK C: /FD
: NDD_DONE
BE SHIFTSTATE
if ERRORLEVEL 1 goto NO_NDD
Image C:
echo. !date>0: \BAT\NDD_DATE. 1
: NO_NDD
AUTOEXEC.BAT, -.
40.13.
,
, DOS , Windows .
AUTOEXEC.BAT CONFIG.SYS

.
, , AUTOEXEC.BAT CONFIG.SYS
C:\EXE\CONFIG AUTOEXEC. CONFIG.xxx, ,
(, DOS DOS, WIN Windows, TD Turbo Debugger ..). REBOOT.BAT :
@>echo off
if /%^ == / goto NoParm
if not exist c:\exe\config\config.%1 goto NoCONF
if not exist c:\exe\config\autoexec.%1 goto NoAUTO
del c:\config.bak > nul
del c:\autoexec.bak > nul
ren c:\config.sys c:\config.bak
ren c: autoexec.bat c:\autoexec.bak
copy c:\exe\config\config.%1 c:\config.sys > nul
copy c:\exe\config\autoexec.%1 c:\autoexec.bat > nul
smartdrv /c
be reboot
: NoParm
echo He
goto exit
: NoCONF
echo He C:\EXE\CONFIQ\CONFIQ.%1
goto exit
: NoAUTO
echo He C:\EXE\CONFIG\AUTOEXEC.%1
: exit

, REBOOT WIN
CONFIG.WIN AUTOEXEC.WIN.
..,..-;' l,,.. 1. SMARTDRV / .

,
SMARTDRV..
. ,

.
2. DOS
Windows 95. AUTOEXEC. BAl CONHG.SY& DOS AUTOEXEC.DOS CONFIG.DOS,
. AUTOEXEC.BAT CONFIG.SYS, Windows 95, DOS AUTOEXEC.W40 CONFIG.W40. 10.SYS
MSDOS.SYS. , Windows 95.
1
4iH^;m"> m'ltWlii <
I'IG ^^
/^ u i (._1.'. -..,. IJ/4 1
.
, CONFIG.SYS . ( ) CONFIG.SYS , CONFIG.SYS DOS , "[Y/N] ?". Q, , (D .
, CONFIG.SYS devlce7=c:\td\td386.sys DOS
devlce?=c:\td\td386,sys [Y/N]?
()
.
CONFIG.SYS
, CHOICE
AUTOEXEC.BAT. :
CHOICE (JC'.cnucoK-cuMeoAoej {f\.cu.o,uco-ce.~} C/N]
, (
). /C'.cnucoK-
, . , Y N . /N ( )
.
/^'., - ( ) (), , -
.
Choice ,
. /, , .

 ERRORLEVEL .
^ ,
: ' : , .

echo : F - , Q choice /c:FQN /T:N,10 /N " P,

if error-level 3 goto FULLCHK
if errorlevel 2 goto QUICKCHK
echo
goto exit
: FULLCHK
NDD C: /C
,
Q N
8. MS DOS

CONFIG.SYS
COMMON
MENU


goto exit
: QUICKCHK
NDD : /Q
: exit
10 , N.
, ERRORLEVEL
: ,

..
6.0 MS DOS CONFIG.SYS
. CONFIG.SYS , .

, ( )
. ,
. ( ), ,
. ,
. .
COMMON ( CONFIG.SYS )
. CONFIG.SYS , -

, [COMMON], CONFIG.SYS .
( 6.0 MS DOS) CONFIG.SYS,
CONFIG.SYS .
MENU () ,
. CONFIG.SYS, MENU CONFIG.SYS.
CONFIG.SYS :
MENUITEM -, ;
SUBMENU --, ,
( );
MENUDEFAULT -, - , " ": ()
.
, MENU .
DOS MENUITEM
SUBMENU .
CONFIG.SYS :
[MENUJ
MENUITEM=DOSCONF, DOS
MENUITEM=WINDOWS, Windows
MENUITEM=TD, Turbo Debugger
MENUDEFAULT=WINDOWS, 5
DOS :
MS DOS 6.22 Startup Menu
1. DOS
2. Windows
3. Turbo Debugger
(i), (D (D,
[DOSCONF], [WINDOWS] [TD] ( ,
[COMMON]). (Enter) 5 ,
(13 ([WINDOWS]), MENUDEFAULT.
, DOS , (), (2) (D.
, CONFIG.SYS :
[COMMON]
, ( )
8. MS DOS

CONFIG.SYS
COMMON
MENU



goto exit
: QUICKCHK
NDD : /Q
: exit
10 , N.
, ERRORLEVEL
: ,

..
6.0 MS DOS CONFIG.SYS
. CONFIG.SYS , .

, ( )
. ,
. ( ), ,
. ,
. .
COMMON ( CONFIG.SYS )
. CONFIG.SYS , , [COMMON], CONFIG.SYS .
( 6.0 MS DOS) CONFIG.SYS,
CONFIG.SYS .
MENU () ,
. CONFIG.SYS, MENU CONFIG.SYS.
CONFIG.SYS :
MENUITEM -, ;
SUBMENU --, ,
( );
MENUDEFAULT -, - , " ": (Enter)
.
, MENU .
DOS MENUITEM
SUBMENU .
CONFIG.SYS :
[MENUJ
MENUITEM=DOSCONF, DOS
MENUITEM=WINDOWS, Windows

MENUITEM=TD, Turbo Debugger

MENUDEFAULT=WINDOWS, 5
DOS :
MS DOS 6.22 Startup Menu
1. DOS
2. Windows
3. Turbo Debugger
(i), (D CD,
[DOSCONF], [WINDOWS] [TD] ( ,
[COMMON]). (Enter) 5 ,
(2) ([WINDOWS]), MENUDEFAULT.
, DOS , (), (2) CD.
, CONFIG.SYS :
[COMMON]
, ( )

.

CONFIG.SYS

AUTOEXEC.BAT

[MENU]
MENUITEM=DOSCONF. DOS
MENUITEM=WINDOWS, Windows
MENUITEM=TD, Turbo Debugger
MENUDEFAULT=WINDOWS, 5
[DOSCONF]
, DOS
[WINDOWS]
, Windows
[TD]
, Turbo Debugger
[COMMON]
, ( )
([COMMON]), , . , , -
CONFIG.SYS, [COMMON]
MENUDEFAULT.
, CONFIG.SYS MenuColor.
: \1=-., -. - , .

 15:0 , 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 -, 8 -, 9 , 10
-, II -, 12 -, 13 -, 14
, 15 . , , 8 15
. , MENUCOLOR=14, 1 .
. 1.
CONFIG.SYS, . ,
, ,
CONFIG.SYS .
2. CONFIG.SYS ,
, ,
1-\}.=11- . ,
CONFIG.SYS INCLUDE.
, MemMaker,
41,
, INCLUDE,
, , ,
- .
CONFIG.SYS

AUTOEXEC.BAT. , AUTOEXEC.BAT , . ,
. , CONFIG.SYS,
CONFIG,
AUTOEXEC.BAT .
CONFIG.SYS AUTOEXEC.BAT,
, :

GOTO %CONFIG%
: DOSCONP
, - DOS
GOTO CONTINUE
: WINDOWS
, Windows
GOTO CONTINUE
:TD
, Turbo Debugger
: CONTINUE
, ( )
41

, MemMaker
DOS ,


.
39, DOS.
41.1. '
.
p;-i04ii..i
(EMM386, QEMM, 386 .) ,
.
- . ,
( ),
"" , BIOS .

"" ,
,
(, , ),

( ).
,
(, ).
: Optimize QEMM
Quarterdesk, Maximize 386 Qualitas .. MS DOS 6.0
MemMaker, .
, ,
, DOS CONFIG.SYS AUTOEXEC.BAT. .
'...,^".,.'1 ,
.
1. ,
CONFIG.SYS AUTOEXEC.BAT. .
CONFIG.SYS AUTOEXEC.BAT , , . MemMaker
SIZER.EXE. , , , .
2. .

, .
3. ,
.
CONFIG.SYS AUTOEXEC.BAT.

, , , .

 41.
467
1 4. ( ),
. , ,
1 . ,
i CONFIG.SYS AUTOEXEC.BAT ,
.
41.2. ":' ~^Jaio,:'a MemMaker
l^,i^'.^^ ^,..'^ iVi^!iiiViCll\Cl
MemMaker Intel-80386 , MS
DOS 6.0 . MemMaker ( ) CONFIG.SYS
HIMEM.SYS EMM386., DOS=UMB,
. MemMaker (QEMM, 386
NETROOM) HIMEM.SYS EMM386..
MemMaker ,
. MemMaker ,
( MEMMAKER /UNDO, . ).
41.3.
:
CONFIG.SYS AUTOEXEC.BAT , -
. , ;
, . , , , ;
Windows, Shell, QuarterDesk -. Norton
Commander .

41.4. ^
Bbl30LiilPOllJijMM!il
^

:
MEMMAKER
( , (ID).
1. MemMaker ("Welcome to
MemMaker"). CEnterI.


2- MemMaker .

():
^

'^

Express Setup ;
Custom Setup .
, {Custom Setup)
, , -
, EGA VGA
( SuperVGA), . {Express Setup).
468

8. MS DOS
, (Enter).

' "''^ '/.'^""

;-i<'4i)KU^i.1MU(,ih 3.
MemMaker ,
, EMS- ("Do you use any programs that need expanded
memory
(EMS)"). (] (Yes , No
),
(Enter). , -
EMS-,
No.
4-6.
(Custom Setup). .
7,
MemMaker Windows (

Windows,

),
Windows 3.0,
MemMaker
SYSTEM.INI: "Do you want MemMaker to change your SYSTEM.INI file?".

Yes, MemMaker ,
SYSTEM.INI SYSTEM.UMB. No
. Windows 3.1 3.11

Windows for Workgroups, ,

SYSTEM.INI .
C.u4i>Lnoiil-'i(.- ^MemMaker ,
("MemMaker will now
,,,..^,,.., ,. i
to restart your computer") .

'"'' ">'>'"''

(Enter).

i ".()({) ii)t'in)n,-iHi-1i-1 9- MemMaker ,

''"'

( ).
: "MemMaker is determining the optimum memory configuration for your
computer and has considered ... configurations)".
Crioftii'f'ulic ^0 MemMaker ,
,
("MemMaker will now to restart your
computer to
'". "f^^i ny.int,

^^ ^g ^^ memory configuration").
(Enter).

(11 ,1 1'-1
!:)()!"1) ^MemMaker ,

("Does your system appear to be working properly")^

, (Enter).
, () No

(Enter). MemMaker
.
i '.' l'.W:^,^f {1;
t)("r/in,r;t4dy 12 Before

, MemMaker
:

After

Memory type

MemMaker

Free conventional memory:

MemMaker

593 616

Change

595 024

1 408

Upper memory:
Used by programs
48 304
49 712
1 408
Reserved for Windows

Reserved for EMS

65 536
65 536
Free
93 808
26 912
Expanded memory:

Disabled

(
Before MemMaker), ( After MemMaker), ( Change).

, ( Free conventional inemory).

. :
(Used by programs), Windows
(Reserved for Windows), EMS (Reserved
for EMS) (Free).
(Expanded inemory) , EMS- : Enabled , Disabled .
41.
469
(Enter"), MemMaker.
3.iMf"i:inn!; MoiTiMaker

( , CONFlu.^YS AUIOEXEC.BAT ), : "Your computer's rnemorv was optimally configured belore you ran MemMaker" (
MemMaker).

( [rntci^), ,
MemMaker ( C^J).
D^

41.5.
{Custom Setup) (. 4-6 ),
.

^' MemMaker
("Advanced Options"). (1] () (


),
[^ (Yes , No
):

Specify which drivers and TSRs to include in optimization? (,

?).
Yes, -
. MemMaker
CONFIG.SYS AUTOEXEC.BAT. No,
Scan the upper memory area aggressively? (
?) Yes MemMaker

(C6000hEFFFFh), FOOOOhF7FFFh.
, MemMaker HIGHSCAN
EMM386., EMM386.
FOOOOhF7FFFh.
"".
No',

Optimize upper memory for use with Windows? (

Windows?) Yes MemMaker Windows WIN EMM386., , DOS-
- Windows
. ,
Windows, . ,
/:
Use monochrome region (B7FF) for running programs? ( ?) Yes MemMaker
B7FFF (32 ), EMM386. /1=8000-B7FF.
SuperVGA. CGA, EGA
VGA (, -, ), 32 . No',
Keep current EMM386 memory exclusions and inclusions? ( EMM386?) No MemMaker
EMM386. 1= =, EMM386..

8. MS DOS
Kij li)fl01 a
WllKiuwS
Bhibop
,
11

386. ,
, ( BIOS
).
386. 1= =,
. , Yes ,
Move Extended BIOS Data Area from conventional to upper memory? (
BIOS ?)
No MernMaker
386. NOHOVEEXDBA,
BIOS (EBDA).
,
. ,
Yes, 1 .
, (Enter].
MemMaker - Windows,
, Windows (MemMaker found
a copy of Windows in the following directory). Windows, , ^). , Windows, ,
CbiTeF).

 4 Yes Specify which drivers and TSRs to

include in optimization, MemMaker
CONFIG.SYS AUTOEXEC.BAT, . ,
("Include this driver or
program in the optimization process?"). ]
{Yes , No ), (). , No ,
( ). Yes.
MemMaker , MEMMAKER.INF.
, MemMaker ( MS DOS). . MEMMAKER.INF.
6.
41.6.
,
, .
MEMMAKER /UNDO .
. MemMaker
CONFIG.SYS AUTOEXEC.BAT CONFIG.UMB
AUTOEXEC.UMB MemMaker. SYSTEM.INI
( Windows 3.0),
( MemMaker) SYSTEM.UMB.
. , ( ),
MernMaker
, .

CONFIG.SYS AUTOEXEC.BAT !
4/.7.

MemMaker ( (Enter)
), ) .
, , 41.

. MemMaker ,
("Continue or Exit"). ()
(Enter]:
Continue ;
Exit and undo changes . MemMaker ( ,
CONFIG.SYS AUTOEXEC.BAT), .

(Enter~).
Exit and keep changes , .
MemMaker (Restart Optimization), (Undo
Changes).
(Enter)
, ,
. .
(, ()
Exit and keep changes,
..), MemMaker
(Restart optimization or
undo changes?). ()
(Enter):
Restart Optimization ;
Undo Changes . MemMaker CONFIG.SYS AUTOEXEC.BAT,
.
[Enter).
41.8.

/TESTMEM.-OFF

FPAME=NONE

.
HIMEM.SYS CONFIG.SYS , /TESTMEM:OFF, .
, .
DOS-, EMS-,
EMS-OKHO, 64 ,
FRAHE=NONE EMM386.. , MemMaker
(
EMM386.) EMS-.
No , EMS-, CONFIG.SYS EMM386. EMS RAM
FRAME=NONE.
- , , ,
, . . , KEYRUS 46
, ,
11 . ,

 , , , 30 .
.
, MEMMAKER .STS (

MemMaker, , , MS DOS).
, .

472
8. MS DOS

CONFIG.SYS

MaxSlze=wc^o. CONFIG.SYS AUTOEXEC.BAT ( ) MaxSize.
" " ,
, , SMARTDRV MSCDEX, -.
, , .
, (32 BOOOO-B7FFF)
SuperVGA, SuperVGA Windows.
, DOS VGA.
:
) Windows SYSTEM. INI (
Windows) [386Enh] DEVICE, MONOUMB.386, MS DOS. ,
MS DOS C:\EXE\MSDOS, [386Enh]
DEVICE=C:\EXE\MSDOS\MONOUMB.386:
) SYSTEM.INI ;
) MemMaker
(Custom Setup),
) "Use monochrome region (BOOOB7FF) for running programs?"
Yes.
CONFIG.SYS, (. 40),
. , CONFIG.SYS ( , ),
. CONFIG.SYS, , .
) CONFIG.SYS AUTOEXEC.BAT: , a MemMaker
;
) [COMMON] CONFIG.SYS

( HIMEM.SYS EMM386.), ,
. [COMMON]
. :
;
) CONFIG.SYS, INCLUDE, ( HIMEM.SYS EMM386.),
, INCLUDE,
. , . ():
) CONFIG.SYS .
, MemMaker CONFIG.SYS,

(. 9 " "). , CONFIG.SYS,
( MemMaker );
) CONFIG.SYS
CONFIG.SYS,
().
41.9.

- . ( , ), . , - . ,
. .
41.

EMM386

(Custom Setup) "Scan the upper memory area aggressively?", "Use monochrome region
(BOOO-B7FF) for running programs?" "Keep current EMM386 memory exclusions
and. inclusions?*, ,
(Custom Setup) No.
MS DOS 6.0 "Scan the upper memory area aggressively?" (Express Setup), MS DOS 6.0
.
- , ( DEVICEHIGH CONFIG.SYS LH
AUTOEXEC.BAT), ,
(Custom Setup), Yes
"Specify which drivers and TSRs to include in optimization?", .

 .
,
, , -
, . ,
- SCSI SCSI-, ASPI-.
,
.
, .
,
"Starting MS DOS..." (183. MS DOS
. , (7^ .
, , , . , , (Custom Setup), Yes "Specify which drivers and TSRs to
include in optimization?", .
, , ,
SIZER, MemMaker.
- ,
.
EMM386. "EMM386 has detected error #12 in an application", , EMM386 - (, ). , ,
. , ,
, - .
,
- . , ,
EMS-, EMS-
.
, , ,
, (
(W] "Starting
MS DOS..." CN)
).
, EMM386.
, MEM /D. , , , , DOS BIOS.

8. MS DOS


EMM386..
, ..

 , EMM386. MemMaker
.
EMM386. X=AOOO-C7FF , .
, , -, X=C800-CFFF.
12,
CONFIG.SYS STACKS=18,512.
.
.

, ,

(CONFIG.SYS AUTOEXEC. BAl

( )!
. SMARTDRV, , SMARTDRV. ,
- , - .
/L SMARTDRV ( )
CONFIG.SYS DmCE=^,nm--paep\')SMR^DM.E.XE /DOUBLE_BUFFER. , SMARTDRV. C:\EXE\MSDOS. CONFIG.SYS OEVICE=C:\EXE\MSDOS\SMARTDRV.EXE /DOUBLE_BUFFER .
40.9.
41.10.
MemMaker .
1. MemMaker : MS DOS 6.0 ; Intel80386 ;
384 .
2. MemMaker EMM386.. MemMaker , . MemMaker QEMM, 386 NETROOM EMM386.. . , MemMaker CONFIG.SYS AUTOEXEC.BAT,
.
3. MemMaker , AUTOEXEC.BAT.
4. MemMaker CONFIG.SYS, AUTOEXEC.BAT
SYSTEM. INI, 512 .
5. MemMaker CONFIG.SYS AUTOEXEC.BAT. ,
, ,
. (. "
" 41.9 ).
6. MemMaker CONFIG.SYS,
. (.
" CONFIG.SYS " 41.9 ).


, , ! ,
, . , , .

. , 1
, . 2
- .
3 . 8 ( )
, ,
, , , . ,
, , . 3 (
), , (FAT, VFAT, NTFS,
HPFS, CDFS), IBM PC.
, 4 , .

1.
2.
3.
4.

...............................624
- ........................625
..................... 626
- .................. 634

1






COMMAND.COM
, , .., , , .
, , .
,
, , ,
. DOS DOS:
FORMAT A: /S (. 20). :
( ).
, -

 : -, ,
.., , CONFIG.SYS AUTOEXEC.BAT
( 10).
(-, ..),
.
, "" , ,
.
( ) MS DOS HIMEM.SYS RAMDRIVE.SYS,
CONFIG.SYS : DEVICE=HIMEM.SYS
DEVICE=RAMDRIVE.SYS - / . CONFIG.SYS ,
. , / ,
. , CONFIG.SYS 2
(2048 ).
DEVICE=HIHEM.SYS
DEVICE=RAMDRIVE.SYS 2048/
, (,
3 ).
:
Insert diskette with COMMAND.COM in drive A: and press Enter
( COMMAND.COM : f Enter))
, , DOS COMMAND.COM,
. COMMAND,
: , DOS COMMAND.COM . , COMMAND.COM " ", .
"" . , COMMAND.COM
D:,
copy a:\coiiimand.coin d:
set comspec = d:\commancl.coni
,
: COMMAND.COM.
2
-





-

 - (,
, ) DOS
.
- :
- error reading ().
- error writing ().
drive : : ; drive : :
; drive : : ( ); PRN , ..
..i^Ml-h 11141

.
(Abort, Retry, Ignore, Fail):
(A) (Abort) , .
(FT] (Retry) -. .
(1) (Ignore) . .
(D (Fail) , . ( , ). .
1"1).\'1)1"1^'1^1'11" -
, (
"Invalid disk change").
- - :
Not ready . ,
"Online", .. "Retry";
Read fault ( ). ,
, , , "Retry";
Write fault ( ). ,
, , , "Retry";
Data : DOS (
). (
"Retry"). , "Abort" NDD ;
General failure ;
Non-DOS disk ;

Sector not found ;

Seek .

( "Retry"). ,
"Abort". ;
Write protect . ;
/ paper , "Otiline". "Retry";
Invalid disk change ().
(), , "Retry".
3


, , : "
-
". , !
? ? , ? - , ?
, !
. .
8 , . . , .
,
, , . -
, .
,
.
" "
, ,
. , .
/73. 1.
(
, )
, , , , , .. :
;
(CMOS)
;
, ,
;

 .


( ), .
,
() ,
( ),
(). ,
.

( ). , 3.

1



.
() .
,
. -, .
, .
60 120 (3600-7200
), 6 . - (. ), , .
( )
-, . - ,
-
.
-, , .
, , .. , , 40 80
( , 40 80 ).
, ,
. 0,05 .

( , 512 ), .
- . , ,

, .
, () : ,
. (
), .
, 1
, ( -)

. ,
8
10000 255
500 . , ,

, 1 , ,
( ),

,
. ,

, ""

.
, .
.

5.25"
1,2 15
2
80
5.25'
360 9
2
40
3.5'
1,4 18
2
80
3.5"
720 9
2
80
.
( MFM, IDE EIDE)
(CMOS) (Setup), .

3.
(

49),
,
Setup), CMOS CMOS.

 "" Rescue (. . 35
CMOS, , .
3.2.

IBM PC IBM PC XT,

IBM , . (master boot record),
(partition table),
, (. ).

{).
. (), . ,
.
,
"" ,

( ).
, , . , , , . , , :, D: ..
, -,
DOS, , DOS , MS DOS (
4.0) 32 , . , MS DOS 3.3 DOS.
MS DOS
, . DOS

. , (, DOS).

 ,
. Windows 3.1 Windows 95
. Windows NT, OS/2 , DOS.
.
() ,
. ,
FAT ( DOS, Windows Windows 95), .
,
. (secondary partition table),
, .
. , ,
3.
01 i'l.iMMhl ';":^1-1 'II';? ^'("
()
. ("")
, , (""), ,
. , ,
( ). "",
, , DOS
26 (:Z:), : : .

DOS FDisk (. 38).
.
Windows 3.1 Windows 95
FDisk. Windows NT OS/2
, ,
FDisk.
. 3.
-(.) 10 '

^ J


FA7
, ,
() : ,
. . , , .
- ( )
: . -

, , , , ,
.
.
,
. ,
,
() . :
;
;
, , ;
.
, ()
,
.
,
, . ,
,
.
IBM PC-
,
(, ).
FAT, VFAT ( FAT), HPFS NTFS.
, IBM PC- ,
80- MS DOS 1.0 2.0. , .
FAT, , - file allocation table, FAT. ,
() , , .
FAT 8
, . , ,
. 3.
FAT
V<-A
FAT

NTFS HPFS

,
.
FAT 8 ,

 . (
20%) -
. ,
, .
FAT 32 . , 2 20000
320 , 16%. ,
FAT , , ( , ) ..
OS/2 Windows NT HPFS ( OS/2) NTFS ( Windows NT).
Windows 95 Microsoft , FAT,
. , , . , " ", "",
"" " ".
,
, ..
"8+3", ,
. , DOS
Windows 3.1, . VFAT.
Windows 95 ,
FAT .
, - .
, "" , .., . FAT VFAT ( - , , ).
OS/2H Windows NT HPFS NTFS . , ,
.
. 1-2 HPFS NTFS
10-15% , FAT. , . ,
, FAT, -, , , 1000 500 , FAT, 101 1.
HPFS (
HPFS " "). NTFS, , . , , NTFS , . NTFS , HPFS-, ,
. NTFS ( FAT, VFAT
HPFS) 2
410^ .
FAT : DOS, Windows 3.1,
Windows 95, Windows NT, OS/2 . DOS Windows 3.1 FAT -

 .
3.
470 IOKOe
"
"

CDFS
VFAT Windows 95
Windows NT ( 3.5). , DOS, Windows 3.1 OS/2 VF''AT,
. .
HPFS OS/2 , ,
Windows NT 3.51 ( HPFS). Windows NT 4.0 HPFS .
NTFS Windows NT , , Linux. , NIFS Windows 95,
.
,
(
, ). ( ),
.
- (CD-ROM).
, - ,
: .
( -).
CDFS.
DOS Windows 3.1 ( )
CDFS, -, . -
DOS Windows 3.1 DOS MSCDEX.EXE (
CDFS), ,
-. ,
CONFIG.SYS AUTOEXEC.BAT.
Windows 95 CDFS ( "
MS DOS", MSCDEX.EXE). Windows NT
OS/2 CDFS. -
-.
/73.4.

 FAT (VFAT), ,
FAT ,
.
DOS Format .
( ),
, , .
1. ( , low-level lormatting) . ( .
512 ). , , .
2. .
() DOS FDisk.
3. . . DOS. Windows Windows
95 FAT
(VFAT). , , DOS Format (. 38).
38.

3.
/73.5. FAT
3ai

, FAT.
(Boot record).
. , ,
,
, , :
Non-System disk or disk error. Replace and strike any key to continue
( . )
.

(File Allocation Table, FAT). , ()
. , ( -

 ).

(root directory). ,
, .
(data area). ( ).
, , . ( 32' ),
,
, (, ..)
(
).
( "."), (
".."). Dir. , , ,
229 ( DOS "").
, , .
, , "."
"..". , . ,
.
(FAT) 12 (1,5 )
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fax-modem (-) , .
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game (
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inkjet printer , .. , .
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jukebox ( , ..).
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laser printer , .. ,
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motherboard ( , )
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parallel port ( ).

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,
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64 .
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tower "" ()
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trackball ,
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 .
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4. -
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tower "" ()
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trackball ,
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(DRAM)
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4. -
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287 , 80287.
386 , 80386.
387 , 80387.
486 , 80486.
586 Intel80486, . , AMD 586/133 1
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686 Intel- , . Pentium.

80286 16- Intel

( 1981 .), IBM
IBM PC AT. .
80287 Intel,
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.
80387 Intel,
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8086 Intel-8088.
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IBM PC XT.
.
83-key keyboard 83- . XT.
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Windows
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42.
43.
44.
45.
46.
47.
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Auto-Repair
Background Repair
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10. Windows
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),
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49. Windows
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Security

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);
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.
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, . : Off , Standard , Enchanced
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Tape Series Name .
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, ;
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, - , : "Unable to delete the original file ... This file
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. ,
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My documents
DD50614A.
DD50615A.
DD50616A.
DD50617A.

on drive d:
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14-06-95
INC
15-06-95
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16-06-95
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17-06-95

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.
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, , - , : "Unable to open the file ... This file cannot be
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50. Windows

( Z, ),
,
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man : FUL , INC

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(. 51.5) Activity Log. (PgUp) (PgDn). :
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. 51.6.
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,
, Filter ,
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Unknown Virus Detection (
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), ;
Inoculation Activities ,
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Completion Of Scans ;
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. Not On , Before , Before or On , After
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,
(infection log). (. 51.6)
( )
. Infection Log Reports .
, .
^
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51.8.

Options, Norton
Antivirus. (. 51.7) Category ,
. ( Cancel,
).

 Scanner .
What to scan , Norton
Antivirus: Memory ( ), Master Boot Record (
), Boot Records ( ), Within Compressed Files
( ). Files
, , . Program Files Only
. Program Files, ,
, . ,
.. .., .SYS, .PGM, .DRV, .386 .
How to Respond ,
. When a Virus is Found
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51. Windows

Auto-Protect




. 51.7. Norton Antivirus
Computer ( ). Buttons to Display When
Prompted , .
. , When a Virus is Found Prompt (
).

(Delete Automatically Repair Automatically) , ,

. Halt Computer

,
- , .
Advanced (. . 51.7)
: Allow Network Scanning
; Allow Scanning to be Stopped
Stop', Immediate Notification
, ,
. , Preselect at Start , ( ) Norton Antivirus: All Hard Drives

 , All Floppy Drives (, -, ..), Network Drives , .

Auto-Protect
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Antivirus Auto-Protect.
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. What to scan ,
: All Files ( ), Program
Files Only . Program Files,
, ,
.
How to Respond ,
. When a Virus is Found
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( ), Repair Automatically ( ), Delete
Automatically ( ), Halt Computer ( ).
Buttons to Display When Prompted ,
, .

10. Windows

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Antivirus Auto-Protect . Virus-Like Activities ,
() : Low-Level Format of
Hard Disk , Write to Hard Disk Boot Records
, Write to Floppy Disk Boot Records
. Write to program files , Read-only attribute change "
". : Prompt , Allow , Don't Allow . Don't Allow
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. Check Floppies For Boot Viruses Upon Access, , .
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(Ctrl) ) ) : -

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,
:, :.
Startup Norton
Antivirus Auto-Protect , Windows.
What Scan Upon Startup ,
Windows: Memory ( ), Master Boot
Record ( ), Boot Records ( ). Types of Memory To Use
: High Memory Area (HMA) 64
, Upper Memory Blocks (UMBs) 640 1 , Expanded Memory (EMS) EMS-, Extended Memory (XMS) .
Bypass Keys ,
, Norton
Antivirus Auto-Protect: None , Both Shift
Keys (Shift], Both Alt Keys ),
Both Ctrl Keys ). Both Shift
Keys , MS DOS 6.0
(Shift)
CONFIG.SYS AUTOEXEC.BAT.
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Hide Icon In Windows, , "" ( )
Norton Antivirus Auto-Protect. Norton Antivirus Auto-Protect (. Auto-Protect Can Be Unloaded).
Sensor Norton Antivirus
Auto-Protect ,
. Use Virus Sensor Technology
.
When a Virus is Found : Prompt (
), Repair Automatically ( ), Delete Automatically
( ), Halt Computer ( ).
51. Windows

Alerts



Activity Log

Exclusions


Buttons to Display When Prompted ,

, .
Alerts ,
. Display Alert Message, ,

, ..
Display Alert Message. ,
, , . Audible Alert . Remove Alert Dialog After ... Seconds, , ,
, , .
Novell NetWare,
, Alert Others, . , Alert
Network Users , . Alert Network Console ,
, . Alert Norton Antivirus NLM If Present ,

Norton Antivirus for NetWare, . ,
Others, ,
( ,
).
Activity Log Norton Antivirus.
Log Following Events ,
: Known Virus Detection
: Unknown Virus Detection (, ); Inoculation Activities , , ; VirusLike Activities , (
); Completion Of Scans
; Virus List Changes .
Limit Size Of Log File to ... Kilobytes
( ). Activity Log Filename
.
Norton Antivirus
. ,
, . , .SYS ,
CONFIG.SYS ,
. : .
,
Norton Antivirus , ..
, Exclusions.
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, ,
(,

CONFIG.SYS CONFIG.SYS ).
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, , ()
10. Windows

Inoculation

Password

General
, .
, Item , .
Exclude From ,
(): Known Virus Detection ; Unknown Virus Detection
(, ); Inoculation Detection ; Low-Level Format of Hard Disk
; Write to Hard Disk Boot Records ; Write to Floppy Disk Boot Records
; Write to Program Files , Read-Only Attribute Change " ".

Edit. , .
Delete.
Inoculation ,
, .
Inoculate Boot Records and System Files, , ( ) , DOS. Inoculate
Program Files
. Inoculate Files on Floppies .
How to Respond , ,
, .

When an item has not been Inoculated

: Prompt ( ), Inoculate Automatically
( ), Notify only. Don't Inoculate (
, ), Deny Access (
). When an Inoculated Item has Changed : Prompt ( ), Notify only,
Don't Reinoculate ( , ), Deny Access ( ). Buttons to Display
When Prompted , , .
Inoculation Path , . .
\NCDTREE.
Password Norton Antivirus. , .
General Norton Antivirus.
Backup File When Repairing, , ,
, , .
.VIR, Backup Extension. ,
, , .VII, .V12 ..
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, 640 1024. ""
.
51. Windows

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,
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, Polymorphic Viruses ,
, , , Multipartite Viruses , ,
.
, .

:
Info ;
Print ;
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, , ).
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Antivirus
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