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18
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Elements le L'Archetecture Navale ou traite Pratique de la
Construction des Vaisseaux P?].E?NPRIW? UHPZBRD?NI :B 4?HP?
KIPAFMUXIBD XHUEIHUB. ?PABLHU` MB XNBEBH PFDY gNIHfFKPRUB,
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?T\B XBPYEI RNIDR? U Z?D?EF LA[ F]I\U`P[ HBFL?THI. "NIRDU-
RI Z?PDN?BHUU R?NITABS", Traite Elementaire de la construction des
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Z?ABKHI[ LA[ F]I\U`P[ 3?NITBAYH?S <N`UDBRDFNB. & jNIRDIDB
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T?AYh?S hZUAY (m',t'), XPBWLI PD?[\US HI EBPDB, ?P?TBHH? PAF-
MUD LA[ X_HUEIHU[ [R?N[. 3?WLI hZUA[EU HB LBSPDXFcD, D?
XRAIL_XIBE_[ X HU` LA[ LBSPDXU[ X_ET?XRU (N_]IWU) Z?L-
XBhUXIcDP[ HIL HUEU Z?L ZIAFTIEU HI MBABKH_` RNcRI`.
&ZBNBLU g?N-AcRI (f) Z?PDIXABH_ TUDUHWU (s), XZBNBLU
R?U` ULBD g?R-EI]DI; TAUMHUS R H?PF HIK_XIBDP[ ZBNBLHUE TU-
DUHW?E (s), I LIAYH_S XD?N_E, UAU KILHUE TUDUHW?E (s); R ?H_E
TUDUHWIE RNBZ[DP[ RIHID_ U T?AYhBc ]IPDUc KIRAIL_XIcDP[ KI
?LUH ZBNBLHUS, TFLF]U ZNURNBZA[BE_ ?T_RH?XBHH? X Z?E?\Y R
HUE PLBAIHH_EU PD?Z?NIEU
*
, R?D?N_` XPBWLI T_XIBD Z? HB-
PR?AYRF HI ?TBU` PD?N?HI` TUDBHW?X L? PIEIW? WN?D-AcRI (B). &?
XNBE[ MB RNBZRIW? XBDNF RIHID KIRAIL_XIBDP[ KI ?TI TUDBHWI.

%?XE=GG B:MZ\:, >M> B?X-C?9 (b')

-I XBN`HBS ZIAFTB X R?NEB ?DLBA[BDP[ ZBNBT?NR?c RIcD-
R?EZIHU[ (XXXVIII), X R?D?N?S Z?EB\IcDP[ 3IZUDIH-
rBSDBHIHD U rBSDBHIHD_; Z?L hRIHfIEU MUXFD 4U]DEIHI U
^INLBEINUH_; HI ZNIX?S PD?N?HB MUXBD PX[\BHHUR, WLB Z?PDIX-
ABH R?NITBAYH_S ?TNIK LA[ P?XBNhBHU[ E?AUDX. ?PNBLUHB
XBN`HBS ZIAFT_ EBMLF hRIgFDIEU PDIXUDP[ X? XNBE[ Z?`?LI
TINRIK
**
; I ZN?]U[ PFLI, HBR?D?N_[ XRAIL_XIcDP[ X HBW? UAU,
T_X Z?LH[D_ P R?NE_ U T?R?X R?NITA[, XUP[D HI T?RIHfI`. & H?-
PF Z?L TIR?E HI PNBLUHB HI`?LUDP[ R?NITBAYHI[ RF`H[ (XXXIII);
XZBNBLU ?H?S P ?LH?S PD?N?H_ NIPZ?A?MBH R?NITBAYH_S AIKINBD
(XXXII), I P LNFW?S PD?N?H_ HI`?LUDP[ XPBWLI KIMMBHH?S gU-
DUAY, U Z?KX?A[BDP[ PAFMUDBA[E RFNUDY DITIR HIL RILRIEU, HI-
Z?AHBHH_EU X?L?S. -I PBS MB ZIAFTB HI`?LUDP[ XBN`HUS T?AY-
h?S (m') U XBN`HUS EIA_S, UAU ZBNBLHUS hZUAY (B'), RNFW?E PBW?
Z?PABLH[W? ?W?NIMUXIBDP[ EBPD? LA[ MUX?S PR?DUH_ U ZN?]BS
MUXH?PDU.

]9:=^L, >M> 9A:XH?X-C?9 (I''). ":9, >M> _7X9:IH?M` (:''')

pRIHf_ (P") U >IR (I''') EBMLF P?T?c P?PDIXA[cD fBAFc
ZIAFTF, R?D?NI[ Z?PNBLUHB R?NITA[ KIWNIMLIBDP[ NBhBD]ID_EU

*
$DN?ZIEU HIK_XIcDP[ R?N?DRU[ XZ?A?XUHF D?A\UH_ RIHIDI XBNBXRU, F R?U` HI
?LH?E R?HfB T?AYh?S FKBA UAU, DIR HIK_XIBE_S, RH?Z; I X LNFW?S XZABPHUXIcD
MBABKH?S R?Fh, R?D?N_E KIRAIL_XIBDP[ U ZNURNBZA[BDP[ PD?Z?N, KI N_E Z?LAB
TUDBHW?X X ZIAFTF FRNBZABHH_S.
**
-_HB LA[ TINRIKI NIP]U\IBDP[ EBPD? Z?PNBLU N?PDBN (XL), I ZN?]U[ PFLI RNFW?E
BW? Z? FL?TH?PDU FPDIHIXAUXIcDP[ HI RIgFDI` (XLII) UAU Z?LHUEIcDP[ HI FDXBN-
MLBHH_` P T?R?X U P R?NE_ T?RIHfI`.
34
AcRIEU, I P T?R?X L?X?AYH? ZN?PDNIHH_EU Z?E?PDIEU, UEBHFB-
E_EU hRIgFD_ (XLII). ?PNBLUHB EBMLF WN?D (2) U g?R (1) EI]-
D?c X?KX_hIcDP[ N?PDBN_ (XL), HI R?D?N_` HISD?XIEU PRNBZ-
A[cDP[ KIZIPH_[ PDBHWU, NBU, hRIA_ HI EI]D_, Z?EZ_ U LFT?X_[
L?PRU LA[ NIKH_` Z?LBA?R. 4INPI MB NBU HI`?L[DP[ P?XPBE UKW?-
D?XABHH_[ P T?R?X R?NITA[ F NFPAUH U ZNUHISD?XABH_ R T?NDF,
LIT_ PR?NBB E?MH? T_A? X PAF]IB HFML_ U` Z?LH[DY.
? ?TBUE PD?N?HIE N?PDBN (XL) NIPZ?A?MBH_ PX?T?LH_B
L?X?AYH? hUN?RUB ZN?`?L_, ZN?PDUNIc\U[P[ XN?XBHY P? hRIH-
fIEU (P") U TIR?E (I'"), ?H_B HIK_XIcDP[ hRIgFD (XL,IV), WLB
MUXBD HI]IAYHUR R?NITA[ UAU gAIWEIH.
-I hRIHfI` (XLIII) Z?PNBLUHB PD?UD HIRD?FK P R?EZIPI-
EU, U DFD ?DZNIXA[BDP[ XI`DI; HI cDB (XLV) `NIH[DP[ NIKH_B
hDFNEIHPRUB ZNUZIP_, RIR-D?: gAIWU, A?D_, AIWU, AUHU U ZN?]BB
(XLVI). -I TIRB (XXXIX) Z?KILU g?R-EI]D_ (1) X_`?LUD DNFTI
?D RF`HU; XZN?]BE, HI TIRB U WIAYcHB XPBWLI HITAcLIBDP[ ]UP-
D?DI U RN?EB ZN?`?L[\U` PHIPDBS HU]BW? HB HI`?LUDP[.
&?RNFW R?NITA[ Z? T?NDIE U PXBN` D?W? HI cD U hRIHfI`
PLBAIH_ PBDRU (XLVII), X R?U` `NIH[DP[ PAFMUDBAYPR?S BRUZIM
X ]BE?LIHI` U Z?PDBAU U`; ?H_B KI\U\IcD X? XNBE[ PNIMBHU[
?D RINDB]H?S U EFhRBDH?S PDNBAYT_. -I HBR?D?N_` R?NITA[`
LA[ ]BE?LIH?X LBAIcDP[ HI RFTNURB (XXIII) ?P?T_[ RIcD_, I X
PBDRI` (XLVII) RAILFDP[ PAFMUDBAYPRU[ R?SRU (Z?PDBAU) XEBPD?
D?W?, ]D? ?H ?T_RH?XBHH? FRAIL_XIcDP[ HI N?PDBNI` (XL). jI-
RUE ?TNIK?E X?BHH_S R?NITAY HIWNFMIBDP[.
NUEB]IHUB. lLBPY Z?RIKIH_ XPB ]IPDU WNFKI X AUHBSH?E R?NITAB; Z?L?TH_E ?TNI-
K?E FRAIL_XIBDP[ ?H_S U HI LNFWU` X?BHH_` PFLI` P HBR?D?N?c NIKHU-
fBc, KIXUP[\Bc ?D XBAU]UH_ U NIPZ?A?MBHU[ U` DNcEI; HIZNUEBN, HI
gNBWIDI` PDIXUDP[ Z? LXI AIWI T?]BR P X?L?c, I HI TNURI`, RIDBNI` U LNF-
WU` EIA_` PFLI` Z? ?LH?EF D?AYR?; U RIR Z? EIA?XEBPDUDBAYH?PDU DNcEI
HB T_XIBD HI PU` PFLI` RFTNURI, D? RIHID_ Z?EB\IcDP[ X PIE?E DNcEB Z?
PD?N?HIE WN?D-AcRI (B), I LA[ ZNBL?`NIHBHU[ U` ?D P_N?PDU U HB]UPD?D_
Z?LPDUAIcD Z?L HU` L?PRU. -I PU` MB EBARU` PFLI` RNcD-RIEBNI ?T_RH?-
XBHH? T_XIBD X R?NEB Z? D?S ZNU]UHB, ]D? X H?PF T_AI T_ ?HI XBPYEI
PEBMHI P RF`HBc.
& KIRAc]BHUB XPBW? E?MH? PRIKIDY ? Z?WNFKRB XP[RIW?
X?BHHIW? PFLHI D?, ]D? ?D FRAILRU XPB` XB\BS HBZ?PNBLPDXBHH?
KIXUPUD PR?N?PDY X `?LF U Z?X?N?DI` RIMLIW? PFLHI HI E?NB.
$XBN` D?W?, Z? ?R?H]IHUU RIEZIHUU ZNUTIXA[cD UAU FEBHYhI-
cD WNFK HI PFLHB, I UH?WLI U PIE?EF HIPD?[\BEF WNFKF LBAIcD
LNFW?B NIKEB\BHUB U L?X?L[D ?H?B L? DIR?W? P?XBNhBHHIW? RI-
]BPDXI, R?D?N?B T_ P?WAIPH? T_A? P R?HPDNFRfUBS PFLHI.
35


3#U%#35+ aV)+-2+35Q0 5 %a+0 %5.50c0
6#a'Q0 V)#"2Q. -2#3 #

A. 3UAY. Keel.Quille,
a. >IRP. Fore foot. Brion ou ringeot.
b. 3UABX_B KIERU, Scarfs of the keel. De la quill Ecart.
B. o?N-hDBXBHY, UAU $DBE. Stem. Etrave.
C. <`DBN-hDBXBHY, UAU $DINHZ?PD. Sternpost. Etambot ou
Etambord.
D. 3?DDBHL?FH, UAU X_hUHI gA?N-DUETBNP?X HI PNBLUHB.
Cuttingdown. Encolure.
E. oIAPDBE. Apron. Contre-etrave.
F. oIAPDINHZ?PD. Falfe stern post. Contre-etambot.
F'. oIAh-Z?PD. False post. Centre tambot exterieur.
G. :BSLXFL. Dead wood. Massif.
c. H?P?X?S. Foremost, de 1'avant.
d. R?NE?X?S. After, del'arriere.
H. $DINH-RHUfI, R?D?NI[ RNBZUDP[ P? PDINH-Z?PD?E. Knee of
the stern post. Courbe d'etanbot.
3. jNIHf_ Transoms Barres d'arcasse
wD. &UHDNIHBf. Wing-transom. Lisse d'hourdy.
fD. oUAUHW-DNIHBf. Filling transom. Barre d'avcasse, placee
antre celles de pont et d'hourdy.
dD. :BRDNIHBf. Deck-transom. Barre de pont.
36
N?]UB, HI]UHI[ ?D PBW?, HIK_XIBE_B HUMHUB 1, 2, 3 U DIR LIABB,
HB T?ABB hBPDU.
L. 3UAYP?H. Keelson. Caringue.
4. 3UAYP?H?X_B KIERU. Scarfs of the keelfon. Ecarts de car-
lingue.
N. $DBEP?H. Stemson. Marsouin d'avant.
N'. $DINRP?H. Sternson.
". rUETBNT?NL?X?S Z?[P. Limber strakes. Bordages des an
quillers.
P. $DBZP g?R-EI]D_. Step of the foremast. Carlingue de mat de
misaine.
Q. -UMHUB NBSLBNP_. Porques.
Q'. oA?N NBSLBNP_. Floor-riders. Varangues de Riders.
Q". r?N-gFD?RP NBSLBNP_. Lower fouttoch-riders. Genoux de
fond.
Q'". jNBDUS gFD?RP-NBSLBNP. Middle fouttock riders. Genoux de
porques.
R. 3BDBHP-Z?EZ_. Chain pumpe. Pompe a Chapelet.
R'. pRFHY-Z?EZ_. Common pump. Pompe royale.
S. &BAY. (UAU AY[A?) Well. Archipompe.
j. $DBZP ^N?D-EI]D_. Step of the main wast. Carlingue du
grand mat.
U. 3NI]BP_. Crotches. Pieces de bois courbes appliquees en
dedans d'un vaisseau sur la muraille, pour le maintien des
pieds des devoyes.
V. "NA?Z. Orlop. Foux-pont.
V". /BhBD]BDI[ ZBNBT?NRI Z? XPBEF RFTNURF (v) LA[ ZN?`?LF
X?KLF`I.
W. "NA?Z-TUEP_. Orlop-Beams. Baux de paux pont.
W'. &UP[]US RFTNUR, UAU ZAIDg?NEI LA[ RIHID?X.
W". ?LFhRI Z?L hZUABE, FRNBZABHHI[ EBMLF "NA?Z-
TUEP?X.
X. ^?HLBR. The lower deck; or gun deck. Premier pont, ou
franc-tillac.
Y. ^?HLBR TUEP_. Gun-deck Beams. Baux de premier pont.
Z. ^IAg-TUEP_. Arm-beams, Demi-baux.
e. ^N?D-AcR. Main hatch-way. Grand ecoutille.
f. o?N-AcR. Fore hatch-way. Ecoutille de la fosse aux cables.
g. <`DBN-AcR. After hatch-way. Etambord ecoutille. Ecutille
de 1'arriere.
h. $DBZP >UKIHY-EI]D_. Step for the mizen-mast. Carlingue du
mat d'artimon.
37
i. rBPDHUf_, Z?PDIXABHH_B X AcRI` (B, f, g U ZN?].) LA[
P`?LF HI ZIAFTF U LNFWU[ EBPDI.
k. NBXNI\BHH_S RINAUHP. Carling under the Beams. Hiloire
renversee.
1. $DIHLBNP. Stansard.
m. rcR X TN?D-RIEBNF. Hatch-way te the Bread-room.
Ecoutille en Soute au pain.
n. rcR LA[ P`?LI HI RFTNUR, UAU "NA?Z ZIAFTF (V). Hatch-
way to orlop.
?. rcRU LA[ Z?LIXIHU[ RINDFK?X UK 3NcD-RIE?N_.
N. 3AcK_. Haws-holes. Ecoubiers.
N". AIDg?NEI (UAU Z?E?PD) X RAcK-TIRB (XXVII).
q. 1-S, 2-S, 3-S U ZN?]UB >NBhDFRU. Breast-hooks. Guir lande.
q'. /?FAYP_ X ?NDB, Z? T?RIE BW? U XHUKF XPDIXABHH_B;
?H_B PAFMID LA[ FL?TPDXI U ?TABW]BHU[ ZN?UKX?LUE_`
NIT?D ZNU Z?NDB.
r. [NDHBNP LA[ >FhZNUDI. Bowsprit partners. Etam brai, au
Carlingue du mat de Beaupre.
r. >NcRIHBf (F EI]D_), ?H_E ?TUXIBDP[ EI]DI RNFW?E, LIT_
E?RN?DI HB Z?ZILIAI. Coat. Braie.
s. >UDBHYWU Riding Bits. Bittes.
s. BNBLHUS Fore.
s. lILHUS After.
s'. $D?Z?N. Stoppers. Bosses. "H_B FZ?DNBTA[cDP[ LA[ KI-
LBNMIHU[ 3IHIDI.
t. -UMHUS hZUAY ?D ZBNBLH[W?, UAU EIAIW? pZUA[. Cap-
stern. Cabestan.
u. 3?N?E_PAI F RBDBHP-Z?EZ_; ]BNBK XBNDBHUB ?H_` X_AU-
XIBDP[ X?LI RBDBHP-Z?EZIEU UK R?NITA[.
v. UAABNP_. Pillars of the hold. Eponttilles de la cale.
x. pZUWID_. Scuppers. Dalots, ?H_B NIPZ?AIWIcDP[ Z? ZIAF-
TIE X NIKH_` EBPDI` LA[ PD?RF X?L_.
F. /_E_ HI ZIAFTB. Rings in the deck. Anneaux en Pont. /_-
E_ PUU NIPZ?AIWIcDP[ ZN?DUXF RIMLIW? Z?NDI, HBEH?W?
HI R?PY BW?, LIT_ ZFhRF P FL?TH?PDUc E?MH? T_A?
XLXUHFDY X R?NITAY. "H_B Z? XPBE LBRIE NIPZ?A?MBH_
Z? ZNUAU]Uc U HIL?TH?PDU.
t'. >?AYh?S HUMHUS hZUAY. Main capstern. Grand cadestan.
u'. /FEZBAY. Tiller. Barre du gouvernail.
v'. sBABKHI[ PR?TI (HIK_XIBEI[ P?TI]RI), R?D?NI[ Z? Z?W?HF
`?LUD. Goose neck of the tiller. Crapaud de tamisaille.
38
NUEB]IHUB. ?W?H?E HIK_XIBDP[ DI ]IPDY RNFWI, R?D?NFc NFEZBAY P?T?c ?ZUP_-
XIBD, ?H_S LBAIBDP[ hUNUH?c 2-` gFD, P? XHFDNBHHUEU PZBNBLU XPDIXABH-
H_EU hRUXIEU, LA[ D?W?, ]D?T_ XBNBXRI, FZ?DNBTA[BEI[ LA[ LBSPDXU[ NF-
ABE, UEBHFBEI[ K*<4-*poc (z), PX?T?LH? X DF U LNFWFc PD?N?HF `?LUAI;
NFEZBAY MB FLBNMUXIBDP[ ZNU Z?W?HB XPBWLI X ?LUHIR?X?E (W?NUK?HDIAY-
H?E) Z?A?MBHUU, MBABKH?c HI R?HfB ?HIW? PLBAIHH?c PR?TR?c (v').
z. pDFN-DN?P. Tiller-rope. Drofs de gouvernail.
w. AIHRI P LXFE[ hRUXIEU, FRNBZABHHI[ P RIML?S PD?N?H_
X T?ND R?NITA[; X ?HFc ZN?`?LUD ULF\US Z? Z?W?HF
hDFN-DN?P (z), I ?D PBW? EBPDI ULBD X hRUX_ PKILU TU-
KIHY-EI]D_ XPDIXABHH_ U X?KX_hIBDP[ XXBN` L? hDFNXI-
AI, HI R?D?N?S TFLF]U HIA?MBH HBPR?AYRUEU hAIWIEU,
(?T?N?DIEU) ZNU ?TNI\BHUU hDFNXIAI, LBSPDXUB NFA[
ZN?UKX?LUD.
I'. "ZBN-LBR DNIHBf, Upper-deck transom. Barre du pont su-
perieur.
b'. "ZBN-LBR, UAU XBN`H[[ ZIAFTI. The upper-dek. Pont su-
perieur; c'est le 2-em: dans le vaisseau a deux ponts.
i'. "ZBN-LBR TUEP_. Upper-deck-beams. Baux de pont-
superieur.
P'. >NBPD-NBSLBNP_. Breast-riders.
d. 3IETFK, UAU RF`H[ R?NITBAYHI[. Gook-room. Quisine.
v'. UAABNP_. Pillars. Epuntilles.
e'. 4IA_S, UAU ZBNBLHUS hZUAY. Fore capstern. Petit Ca-
bestan.
f'. j?Z NBSLBNP_. Top-Riders.
g'. 3AIEZ P LXFE[ hRUXIEU, XPDIXABHH_S X T?ND R?NITA[,
PAFMUD LA[ ZN?`?LF PHIPDBS (XBNBX?R), UEBHFBE_`
g?RI-hR?D U TF?NFHLFR ?D FHLBNAUPBA[; ZBNXI[ ULBD X
XBN`HUS hRUX, I XD?NI[ X HUMHUS,
h'. 3AIEZ P LXFE[ hRUXIEU, XPDIXABHH_S X T?ND R?NITA[,
LA[ ZN?`?LF PHIPDU (XBNBXRU), UEBHFBE?S WN?DI-WIAP.
k'. >UDP_ LA[ WN?D-EINPI- hR?D?X. Main Top-sail sheet Bitts.
Grands bittons.
l' >UDP_ LA[ PHIPDBS, F WN?D-EI]D_ ZN?`?L[\U`. Bowline
ans brace Bitts. Bittons, de bras et de bouline.
m'. &BN`HUS T?AYh?S hZUAY. The main jeor capstern. Grand
Cabestan.
n'. $BZD?N_ MBABKH_B F AcRI. Stantions. Chande-liers.
?'. /IE_ X Z?NDI`, L? Z?A?XUH_ XPDIXABHH_[; ?H_[ LBAIcD-
P[ X ?LH?S D?AYR? RIcD-R?EZIHUU.
39
p'. *UD_ X RIcD-R?EZIHUU, R?D?N_B X? XNBE[ LBSPDXU[
ZFhRIEU Z?LHUEIcDP[ XXBN` U Z?LXBhUXIcDP[ HI RNc]-
RI`.
q". :XBNY X hDFAYP. Qarter gallerry-door. La porte de Bouteille.
r'. /FHLFRN?L PD?AI, ?H_E HIRN_XIBDP[ D? EBPD?, WLB X_-
`?LUD NFABXI[ W?A?XI.
s". /FABXI[ W?A?XI. Head of the udder.
t". BN? F NFA[. After piece of the rudder.
u". /FLBN ZUP. Main piece of the rudder.
v". 3Nc]Y[ MBABKH_B F NFA[.
`". BDAU MBABKH_[ F NFA[.
F'. lILH[[ L?PRI, UAU PZUHI F NFA[. Back of the rudder.
z'. sBABKH_[ fBZU F NFA[, R ?H_E ZNUP?BLUH[cDP[ hRBHRB-
A[, KI R?D?N_B KIRAIL_XIcD DIAU, ?H_B PAFMID LA[ Z?P?-
TU[ hDFN-DN?PF X? XNBE[ FZNIXABHU[ NFABE X RNBZR?S
XBDBN.
r'. :UNI F NFA[, X ?HFc ZN?`?LUD XBNBXRI, UEBHFBEI[ P?-
NAUHY, ?HI[ PAFMUD FL?TPDX?E FLBNMIDY NFAY ZNU R?NIT-
AB X DIR?E PAF]IB, BMBAU ?H?S UK PX?BW? EBPDI X_-
hUTUDP[.
I". 1PZ?LH[[ L?PRI, UAU Z[DRI F NFA[. Sole of the rudder.
u", F', I". &??T\B HIK_XIBDP[ NFAY. Helm. Gouvernail.
b". 3?HDBN-DUETBNP_. Counter timbers. Montans de Voute.
P". 3XINDBN-LBR, UAU hRIHf_. The quarter-deck. Gaillard-
d'arriere.
d'. 3XINDBN-LBR TUEP_. Quartes-deck-beams. Baux de Caillard
d'arriere.
d". 3XINDBN-LBR DNIHBf. Quartes-deck-transom, Barre de Gail-
lard d'arriere.
d'". 3?gBAY ZAIHRU P hRUXIEU U HIWBA[EU LA[ ZN?`?L[\U`
PHIPDBS. Turned pins to belay ropes. Cabillots, chevillots.
B". :XF`hRUXH?S RHB`D. Kavel-heads. Aporturaux. :A[ PHI-
PDBS (XBNBX?R), UEBHFBE_` WN?DI-D?ZBHIHD U WN?D-EINPI
D?ZBHIHD.
f". :UN_ PRX?KY T?ND LA[ ZN?`?L[\U` X ?H_[ PHIPDBS (XBNB-
X?R), UEBHFBE_` TIRhDIW-DIAU; UH_[ UK HU` U X PIE?S
Z?ND (s'") ZN?`?L[D U D[HFDP[.
g". >UDP_ LA[ PHIPDBS g?RI-TNIP?X U g?N-EINPI TNIP?X, HI-
K_XIBE_` Sheet-Bitts. Bitton.
h". :XF`hRUXH?S RHB`D. Kevel-heads. Apoturaux LA[ WN?D-
EINPI gIAI U LA[ WN?D-PDBHYWU PDIRPBA[, I HI LNFW?S PD?-
N?HB 4ULBAY-PDIRPBAY gIAI.
40
k". 3NcP?X, UAU ZAIHRI ?P?TIW? N?LF. Step of a kevel. La sole
d'un toquet a oreilles. $AFMUD LA[ KIRNBZABHU[ WN?D-
EINPI-gIAI.
1". 3NcP?X LA[ KIRNBZABHU[ PHIPDU (XBNBXRU), UEBHFBE?S
WN?DI-hR?D.
m". 3HB`D. Kevel-heads Fpoturaux LA[ ZN?`?LF PHIPDU (XBNBX-
RU) , UEBHFBE?S WN?D-EINPI-TNIP.
n". /?FAYP, FRNBZABHH_S X T?NDF R?NITA[, LA[ ZN?`?LF PHI-
PDU (XBNBXRU), UEBHFBE?S WN?DI-hR?D.
?". pDFN. Steering wheel. Roue de gouvernail.
p". pDFNXIA. &IA ZNU hDFNB, HI R?D?N?S HIRAIL_XIBDP[ XB-
NBXRI, UEBHFBEI[ hDFN-DN?P (z).
q'". IHBAU X 3IZUDIHPR?S 3IcDB.
r". :XBNY X hDFAYP, UAU HI T?R?XFc WIABNBc.
r". $DBRA[HH_[ NIE_ X Z?NDI`, XPDIXABHH_[ X RIZUDIHPR?S
RIcDB.
t". /IHW?FP, UAU cD. Poop Dunette.
x'". /IHW?FP TUEP_.
u"'. >UDP_ LA[ PHIPDBS (XBNBX?R), UEBHFBE_` RNcPBAY-
hR?D_. Top-sail-shat-bitts. Bitton.
v"'. AIHRU LA[ KIRNBZABHU[ NIKH_` PHIPDBS (XBNBX?R) Belay-
ing cleats. Taquets a Comes au a branches.
d"'. 3?gBAY ZAIHRU LA[ KIRNBZABHU[ NIKH_` PHIPDBS (XBNB-
X?R) .
F''. 3AIEZ P? hRUX?E, XPDIXABHH_S X T?NLB R?NITA[, LA[
ZN?`?LF PHIPDU (XBNBXRU), HIK_XIBE?S WN?DI-TNIP.
z". AIHRI LA[ KIRNBZABHU[ WN?DI-TNIPI.
I"'. >IR, UAU g?NRIPDBAY. Fore-caftele. Caillard d'avant.
m'". o?N-RIPDBAY TUEP_.
b'". 3?A?R?AYH[. Belfrey. Assemblage des montars de cloche
dans un vaisseau.
P'". >UDP_ LA[ PHIPDBS (XBNBX?R), F g?R-EI]D_ ZN?`?L[\U`.
Fore-fheet-bitts. Bitton.
H'". o?N-EINPI-hUD-TUDP_. Fore top fail bits. Petits bittons.
e'". "TF`U F EI]D_, HIR?A?]BHH_B LA[ KIA?MBHU[ DIABS U
ZN?]IW?. "H_B X NIKH_` EBPDI` X? XPB` LBRI` NIPZ?A?-
MBH_ Z? ZNUAU]Uc LA[ HIL?TH?PDBS; NIXH? U F RIMLIW?
Z?NDI (s'") XXBN`F ZNUR?AI]UXIBDP[ Z? LXI (RIR Z?RIKIH?
HI ZAIHB <) LA[ KIRNBZABHU[ KI ?H_B ZFhBR X? XNBE[
RNBZRIW? XBDNI.
f'". pRUX F RHB`DI XLBAIHH_S LA[ XBNBXRU, UEBHFBE?S ZBDF-
AUHY.
41
g"'. 3HB`D LA[ KIA?MBHUS ZBNDFAUH[.
h'". BHDBNTIARI. Davit. Davied, ?HI[ FZ?DNBTA[BDP[ ZNU XK[DUU
[R?N[ HI T?ND.
k'". :XF`hRUXH?S RHB`D LA[ ZN?`?L[\U` PHIPDBS (XBNBX?R),
UEBHFBE_` g?RI-D?ZBHIHD U g?N-EINPI-D?ZBHIHD.
1"' :XF`hRUXH?S RHB`D LA[ ZN?`?L[\U` PHIPDBS, UEBHFBE_`
g?N-EINPI-gIA U RAUXBN-gIA (I P LNFW?S PD?N?H_ g?N-
PDBHWU-PDIRPBAY-gIA).
d'". 3?gBAY ZAIHRU P? hRUXIEU U HIWBA[EU LA[ ZN?`?LF X ?H_`
U RNBZABHU[ NIKH_` (XBNBX?R) PHIPDBS.
NUEB]IHUB. &??T\B DIR?X_[ ZAIHRU NIPZ?AIWIcDP[ LA[ PZ?P?TH?PDU U FL?T-
PDXI RNBZABHU[ PHIPDBS (XBNBX?R); ZNU]BE P?TAcLIcD HIZNIXABHUB
XBNBXRU, LIT_, ZN?ZFPDUX BB PRX?KY hRUX, E?MH? T_A? FL?TH? D[HFDY
U Z?LAB RNBZUDY KI R?gBAY-HIWBAY. $UU ZAIHRU T_XIcD hUNUH?c ?D 7
U L? 5 LcSE?X, I LAUHI U` ?ZNBLBA[BDP[ Z? PZ?P?TH?PDU.
n". /_E-T?FD. jIRIW? N?LF N_E_ LBAIcDP[ X NIKH_` EBPDI`,
WLB HIL?TH? ZN?`?LUDY D?APD?S XBNBXRU UAU D?APD?EF WIRF
(MBABKH?EF RNcRF).
?'". ?Lb[R?NHI[ Z?LFhRI; ?HI[ PAFMUD FL?TPDX?E, LIT_ [R?N[
U XBNZ_, ABMI\UB HI T?NDF, ?HIW? HB Z?XNBMLIAU U HB DBN-
AU.
N'". /?PDBN_, UAU ^IAP-TUDP_. Gallaws-bits. Potence pour soutenir
les mats de hune et les vergues de rechange.
z'". /?PDBN TUEP_.
n'. $BZD?N_ MBABKH_B. Stantions. Chandelier, LA[ ZNUX[K_XIHU[
XBNBX?R, HIK_XIBE_` gIANBZ, PAFMI\U` LA[ LBNMIHU[ ZNU
XP`?LB HI R?NITAY.
r"'. oIANBZ_, XBNBXRU, ?ThUD_[ PFRH?E. Entering-ropes. Tire-
veilles.
s'". ?ND_. Port, (gun-port) Sabord, UAU ZFhB]H?B ?RH?; X PU`
EBPDI` HI R?NITAB PDIH?X[DP[ ZFhRU.
H'". /_E_ F Z?ND?X (s'") LA[ ZNURNBZABHU[ ZFhB]H_` TNcR.
A'. "TF`U F Z?ND?X (s'") LA[ KIRAIL_XIHU[ ZFhB]H_` DIABS.
A". "TF`U XXBN`F Z?ND?X (s'") LA[ KIRNBZABHU[ (UAU KI-
LNIUXIHU[) ZFhBR X? XNBE[ RNBZRIW? XBDNI. "H_B NIPZ?AI-
WIcDP[ HIL RIML_E Z?ND?E (s'") X DIR?X?E Z?A?MBHUU, RIR
Z?RIKIH_ HI ZAIHB.
. ^IRI-T?ND. Taffarel. Couronnement.
t. 3NIHTIARI, UAU RNIHTIA. Cat-heat. Bossoir.
1. o?R-EI]DI. The For-Mast. Le Mat de misaine.
2. ^N?D-EI]DI. The main mast. Le grand Mat.
3. >UKIHY-EI]DI. The mizen Mast. Le mat d'artimon.
42
4. >FhZNUD. Bow-sprit. Beaupre ou mat de beaupre.
v. 3H[XLBWBD. 3?DXIDBN, UAU &?L?NBK. Knee of the head or cut-
water. Taille-mer, gorgere, guibre.
f. ^NBZ. Gripe. La piece inferieure du taillemer.
. :UN_ HI 3H[XLBWBD (i) LA[ XIDBNhDIW?X.
F'". iIRU. Chock.
z. jNFTI ?D RIETFKI (d).

U%#35+ 0+a', S.+ 6' V2#.+'aQ
3# %+330 V)#"2+

I. 4BPD? LA[ 3NcD-RIEBNHIW? g?HIN[. Store tom lantern Fanaux
de soute, R?D?NIW? PDBRAI LBAIcDP[ HIN?]UD?S D?A\UH_, X
?H?E KIMUWIcD X?PR?X_[ PXB]U X? XNBE[ NIT?D_ X 3NcD-
RIEBNB; ZNU KIMMBHUU R?U` HIAUXIBDP[ HI LH? g?HIN[ X?LI,
R PBEF g?HINc UEBBDP[ ?P?TBHH_S X`?L (i).
II. 4BPD? LA[ HIP_ZRU RINDFK?X: TIPPBSH Z?PNBLU RNcD-
RIEBN_ (III) HI Z?AF ?H?S ZNBL g?HINBE, ?R?A?]BHH_S RNF-
W?E PXUHf?E, RFLI X_P_ZIBDP[ Z?N?` LA[ HIP_ZRU RINDF-
K?X.
III. 3NcD-RIEBNI. Magazine or powder-room Soute aux
pouders. & ?H?S `NIHUDP[ Z?N?` X T?]RI` U Z? PD?N?HIE B[
LBAIcDP[ Z?ARU (ii), HI R?U` NIPRAIL_XIcDP[ Z? RIAUTNF
ZFhBR HIP_ZIHH_B Z?N?`?E RINDFK_; XHUKF PU` Z?A?R (R?-
D?N_[ LBAIcDP[ NBhBD]ID_[) PLBAIH_ [\URU (n'), L_T_
?P_ZIXhUSP[ ?D RINDFK?X Z?N?` FL?THBB T_A? P Z?A?R
PEBhIDY; UT? ?H_S PRX?KY NBhBDRU PX?T?LH? X [\URU PP_-
ZIBDP[ U, TFLF]U X_HFD UK [\UR?X, ULBD ?Z[DY X HILABMI-
\BB FZ?DNBTABHUB. ?KILU MB Z?A?R, HI R?U` ABMID RINDF-
K_, D.B. KI ?THBPBHH?S ZBNBT?NR?S, RAILFDP[ ZFPD_[, ?PDIX-
hU[P[ ?D Z?N?`I NIK?TNIHH_[ T?]RU, EBLH_B ?TNF]U U ZN?-
]BB, PIE_[ MB T?]RU P Z?N?`?E ?W?NIMUXIcDP[ ABWR?c
PRX?KH?c ZBNBT?NR?c (?), XHFDNU RNcD-RIE?N_ PLBAIHH?c.
IV. 4BPD?, WLB RAILFDP[ <NDUAABNUSPRUB ZNUZIP_, RIR-D?: gU-
DUAU, INE[R, KIZIPH_[ R?ABPI, ?PU, A?E_, WIHhZFWU, ZNU-
T?SHURU, Z_MBXHURU, RAUHY[ U ZN?]BB.
IV
0
. (\URU P FW?AY[EU, HIP_ZIHH_EU LA[ ZNBL?`NIHBHU[ Z?N?-
`I ?D P_N?PDU.
V. 3HUZBAU U [LNI, UAU EBPD? LA[ D[MBA_` <NDUAABNUSPRU`
ZNUZIP?X. Bar fhot double headed shot, chain shot. Boulet
rame, au a l'angle, au a deux tetes.
43
VI. p`UZBNPRUB ZNUZIP_, UAU EBPD?, WLB `NIHUDP[ PE?AI, PIA?,
EIPA? R?H?ZA[H?B; DFD MB RAILFDP[ U T?AYhU[ MBABKH_[
XB\U, RIR-D?: R?DA_, D?Z?N_, PRN[TRU, MBABK?, EBLY U ZN.
VII, X, XII. &PB ZN?PDNIHPDX?, Z?L PUE KHIRIEU HI`?L[\BBP[,
HIK_XIBDP[ jNcE (UAU 1HDNcE). The Hold. Cale du vaisseau.
& ?H?E PDIX[DP[ T?]RU P X?L?c U ?RAIL_XIcDP[ LN?XIEU;
DIRMB U E?NPRI[ ZN?XUKU[.
VIII. &UP[]US 3FTNUR LA[ FRAILRU RIHID?X U KIZIPHIW? DIRBAIMI,
RIR-D?: 3ITBAYD?X?X, >FSNBZ?X, BNAUHBS U ZN.
IX. (\URU LA[ [LBN. Ball or Bullet of a cannon. Boulet. "H_B Z?-
PNBLUHB NIKW?NIMUXIcDP[ ZBNBT?NRIEU, LIT_ FA?MBHH_[ X
HU` [LNI HB NIPRID_XIAUPY, TFLF]U Z?A?MBHH_EU Z? RI-
AUTNIE. &HUKF ?H_` LBAIBDP[ ?PH?XIHUB UAU Z?A (m), UK HI-
N?]UD? D?APD_` L?P?R.
X. 4BPD?, UAU Z?WNBT P E?RN?c ZN?XUKUBc. After Holde
Ecoutille de 1'arriere. ^LB `NIHUDP[ E?RNI[ ZN?XUKU[ X T?]-
RI`, I UEBHH?: XUH?, FRPFP, E[P? U EIPA?.
XI. 3IZUDIHPR?S Z?WNBT. & ?H?E `NIH[DP[ KIZIP_, P?TPDXBHH?
ZNUHILABMI\UB 3IZUDIHF R?NITA[.
XII. "gUfBNPR?S Z?WNBT, WLB `NIH[DP[ KIZIP_ LA[ "gUfBNPR?S
R?EZIHUU, RNFW?E HIL PUEU Z?WNBTIEU LBAIcDP[ AINU (r),
UAU KITNIHH_[ EBPDI L?PRIEU LA[ Z?EB\BHU[ NIKH?S PF`?S
ZN?XUKUU.
NUEB]IHUB. & 3IZUDIHPRU` U "gUfBNPRU` Z?WNBTI` HIP_ZIBDP[ EBARUS ZB-
P?R.
XIII. 3?NE?XI[ 3NcD-RIEBNI, WLB `NIHUDP[ Z?N?` X HIP_ZIHH_`
RINDFKI` HI PLBAIHH_` RNFW?E ?H?S Z?ARI` (i) DIR?X_` MB
D?]H?, RIR U X H?P?X?S 3NcD-RIE?NB (III).
XIV. >N?DRIEBNI. Brea-roum. Soute au pain. &? XPB PUB ZN?PDNIH-
PDX? HIP_ZIcDP[ PF`INU LA[ PAFMUDBABS, WLB ?H_B U `NI-
H[DP[; X PAF]IB MB HBZ?EB\BHU[ XPBW? R?AU]BPDXI X ?H?S,
?PDIXhUBP[ RAILFDP[ X RFA[` HI 3FTNURB (XXIII) X I`DBN-
AcR (g). &HFDNBHH?PDY >N?D-RIEBN_ ?R?AI]UXIBDP[ ]UPD_-
EU RNIS HI RNIS Z?A?MBHH_EU D?HRUEU P?PH?X_EU L?PRI-
EU.
XV. 4BPD? LA[ EBA?]H_` (MBABKH_`) <NDUAABNUSPRU` ZNUZI-
P?X, DFD MB `NIH[DP[ ZNUHILABMH?PDU R PABPINH?S NIT?DB.

XM7B-B:MZ\:, >M> VZ\X>9.
Orlop. Foux pont.

XVI. XX, XXIII, XXV. &PB ZN?PDNIHPDX?, Z?L PUEU KHIRIEU
44
HI`?[\BBP[, HIK_XIBDP[ ("NA?Z), UAU 3FTNUR. Cok-pitt.
Foux pont.
XVI. 4BPD? LA[ <NDUAABNUSPRU` ZNUZIP?X, WLB `NIH[DP[ TA?RU,
DIAU, DN?P_, PDBRABHU, PXUHBf, TFEIWI, WX?KLU, X?SA?RU, g?-
HINU, PXB]U U ZN.
XVII. 4BPD?, WLB `NIH[DP[ KIZIPH_[ ?PU R ZFhB]H_E PDIHRIE,
R?ABPI, RAUHY[ U ZN. LBNBX[HH_[ KIZIPH_[ Z? <NDUAABNUS-
PR?S ]IPDU XB\U.
XVIII. 4BPD?, WLB `NIHUDP[ KIZIPH?S <NDUAABNUSPR?S DIRBAIM
(NIKHIW? P?NDI XBNBXRU).
XIX. 3IcD_ P NIKH_EU ZNUZIPIEU Z? h`UZBNPR?S L?AMH?PDU; X
?H_` `NIHUDP[ D?HRUS DIRBAIM, NIKHIW? N?LI AUHU, EBARUB
DN?P_ U ZN.
XX. 3IcD_ P T?R?X g?N-AcRI (f), UK R?U` X ?LH?S MUXBD p`U-
ZBN, I X ZN?]U` NIPZ?AIWIcDP[ NIKHIW? P?NDI Z? BW? L?AM-
H?PDU XB\U, RIR-D?: DBHD_, TNBKBHD_, XUHL-KBSA_, hRIHf-
RABDHU, ZINFPUHI X DcRI`, ZINFPH_[ HUDRU, R?MI, R?DA_,
LNBRU, NIKH_` N?L?X WX?KLU, g?HINU, ?T_RH?XBHH_[ U
PUWHIAYH_[ PXB]U U PIA?; I EBARU[ MBABKH_[ XB\U, RIR-
D?: WIRU, R?FhU, D?Z?N_, PRN[TRU, PXISRU, L?A?DI, HIZINY[,
T?AD_ U ZN.RAILFDP[ X PFHLFRI`, R?D?N_B PDIX[DP[ ?R?A?
PU` RIcD. & PAF]IB HFML_ HBR?D?N_[ UK p`UZBNPRU` RIcD
KIHUEIcDP[ Z?L <NDUAABNUSPRUB KIZIPH_B ZNUZIP_.
XXI. 4BPD? (UAU RIcDI), WLB `NIH[DP[ KIZIPH_B ZINFPI; LA[ ?H_`
Z?PNBLUHB ?W?NIMUXIBDP[ ABWRUEU ZBNBT?NRIEU XPB ZN?-
PDNIHPDX? ?D g?N-AcRI (f) R WN?D-AcRF (B), I P T?R?X LBAIBD-
P[ PX?T?LH_S RNFW?E `?L, WLB DIRMB FRAIL_XIBDP[ KIZIP-
H_S DIRBAIM, RIR-D?: R?TBAYD?X_, DN?P_, ZBNABHU U ZN. lI-
ZIPH_B MB ZINFPI X RIcDB FRAIL_XIcDP[ DIRUE ?TNIK?E:
ZBNBLHUB, D.B. ZNUHILABMI\UB o?R-EI]DB (1) U >FhZNUDF
(4), ABMID XZBNBLU U X_DIPRUXIcDP[ UK g?N-AcRI (f), I KIL-
HU[, ZNUHILABMI\U[ R ^N?D (2) U >UKIHY (3) EI]DB, X_HU-
EIcDP[ UK WN?D-AcRI (B). iD? PAFMUD FL?TH?PDUc X PAF]IB
HFML_; P? XPBc PR?N?PDUc L?PDIDY RIR?S-AUT? LA[ ZBNBEB-
H_ ZINFP.
XXII. 4BPD? LA[ [R?NH_` RIHID?X; X PIE?E MB ZN?PDNIHPDXB WN?D-
AcRI (B) ?H_B RAILFDP[ TAUMB R T?NDF, KIZIPH_B MB RIHID_
ZN?PDUNIcDP[ LIMB KI ^N?D-EI]DF (2); X??T\B MB XPB FRAI-
L_XIBDP[ Z? PZ?P?TH?PDU KLBPY U HI XUP[]BE RFTNURB (w).
NUEB]IHUB. 3IHID_ KIRNBZA[cDP[ ?LHUE PX?UE R?Hf?E KI ^N?D-EI]DF (2) UAU
KI TUEP-RFTNUR (w), I LNFWUE R?Hf?E ZN?`?L[D X ?ZNBLBABHH_B LA[
HU` 3AcK_ (XXVI) LA[ ZNUX[K_XIHU[ RIMLIW? R PX?BEF [R?Nc; HI
PAF]IS MB KILBNMIHU[ RIHIDI X TFNH?B XNBE[ UAU R?WLI ZNU ?DLIXI-
HUU
45
?HIW? ?T_RH?XBHH_EU PD?Z?NIEU (s') KILBNMIDY HB HILBcDP[, D? LA[ PBW?
KI ^N?D-EI]DF (2) KIRNBZA[BDP[ ?P?TBHHIW? N?LF D?APD?S PD?Z?N LAUH?c
L? 20 PIMBHY, HIK_XIBE_S MXIRI-WIAP, R?D?N?S XPBWLI ?]U\BHH_E, D.B.
PX?T?LH_E, HB KIZFDIHH_E ZNU RIHIDI` HI`?LUDP[.
XXIII. 3IcD_ LA[ PF`?S ZN?XUKUU; ?HFc FRAIL_XIcD ]IPDUc X
RFA[`, I ]IPDUc X PLBAIHH_` HIN?]H? T?AYhU` [\URI`, UAU
AIN[`, RFLI U X_P_ZIBDP[ RNFZI, W?N?`, P?A?L, I ZN?]BB
`NIHUDP[ X EBPDI` Z? ZNUAU]Uc; DFD MB 3?EUPPIN `NIHUD
XPB XB\U, HFMH_[ LA[ NIKLI]U ZN?XUKUU, I UEBHH?: RIHDI-
NU, R?DA_, BHL?X_, RNFMRU, ]INRU, AUXBNI, XBP_ U ZN.; XXBN-
`F PU` RIcD, WLB `NIHUDP[ ZN?XUIHD, LBAIcDP[ NBhBD]BD_[
ZBNBT?NRU (V") LA[ X?KLF`F, R?D?N_[ ZN?PDUNIcDP[ Z? LAU-
HB R?NITA[ ?D >UKIHY-EI]D_ (3) L? o?N-AcRI (f), WLB U
?RIH]UXIcDP[; RN?EB PBW?, KI PBS ZBNBT?NR?S, HBPR?AYR?
?DPDFZ[ LIABB R T?NDF R?NITA[, ?DW?NIMUXIcDP[ XL?AY XPBW?
3FTNURI (XIV, XXII, XXV) Z? ?TBUE PD?N?HIE R?NITA[ U X
PIE?E H?PF BW?, X NIPPD?[HUU ?D T?NDF 3-` UAU 4-` gFD, ZN?-
`?L_, HIK_XIBE_B R?NUL?N_, R?D?N_B LBAIcDP[ LA[ D?W?,
]D?T ZA?DHURU U R?H?ZID]URU E?WAU X ?H_` ZN?`?LUDY ?P-
EIDNUXIDY R?NITAY U KILBA_XIDY E?WF\U[ PAF]UDYP[ X?
XNBE[ PNIMBHU[ Z?LX?LH_[ ZN?T?UH_ U DB]Y. ? PD?N?HIE
?H_` R?NUL?N?X NIKXBhUXIcDP[ NIKH_[ p`UZBNPRU[ XB\U,
RIR-D?: TFWBAU, TA?RU, cgBNI, XIHD-ZFDUH_, WIHhZFWU U W?-
AURU; I R H?PF R?NITA[ X ?H_` MB NIKEB\IcDP[ DIR?X_E MB
Z?N[LR?E HBR?D?N_[ <NDUAABNUSPRU[ XB\U, DIRMB U NFMY[
HI mRUZIM.
XXIV. & PBE EBPDB NIPZ?AIWIBDP[ 3?NITBAYHI[ IZDBRI, WLB `NIH[D-
P[ XPB EBLUfUHPRU[ XB\U U KIZIP_, ?DZF\BHH_B Z? PBS ]IP-
DU HI RIEZIHUc LA[ R?EIHL_. &? XNBE[ MB PNIMBHU[ HI
PNBLUHB X RFTNURB (XXIII, XXIII) ZBNBX[K_XIcD NIHBH_`.
XXV. &_`?L HIL 3?NE?X?c 3NcD-RIEBN?c (XIII); DFD MB LBAIBD-
P[ ?P?T?B ?DLBABHUB, WLB `NIH[DP[ X [\URI` XPB ?WHBPDNBAY-
H_B PHIN[L_, RIR-D?: T?ET_, TNIHLPRFWBAU, RINRIK_ U WNI-
HID_.

3>O=GG B:MZ\:, >M> S7=-C?9 (X).
The lewor deck, or gun Deck.
Premier pont, ou fran-tillac.

XXVII, XXVIII, XXIX, XXXI. &PB ZN?PDNIHPDX?, Z?L PUEU KHIRI-
EU P?PD?[\BB, HIK_XIBDP[ ^?H-LBR.
XXVI. 3AcK_. Haws-holes. Ecubiers, UAU fUAUHLN_ PXUHf?X_B,
46
XPDIXABHH_B PRX?KY PDBHF R?NITA[; ?H_` T_XIBD ]BD_NB;
LXI P ?LH?S U LXI P LNFW?S PD?N?H_ PDBEI (&), X HU` ZN?`?-
L[D R?NITBAYH_B RIHID_. -BEH?W? ?DPDFZ[ ?D PU` RAcK?X,
LBAIBDP[ ZBNBT?NRI, ZN?PDNIHPDX? EBMLF ?H?c U RAcKIEU
HIK_XIBDP[ RAcK-TIR (XXVII). The manger. La gatte, R?D?N?S
XHFDNU U RNFW?E `?N?h? ZN?R?H?ZI]UXIBDP[ U KIPEIAUXIBD-
P[ PE?A?c, LIT_ X?LI X? XNBE[ X?AHBHU[, Z?LLIXIBEI[ X
RAcK_ (XXVI), Z? ZIAFTB (L) ?D TBPZNBN_XH?S X PBE EBPDB
P_N?PDU, LBAIBDP[ X RAcK-TIR (XXVII) Z?E?PD, UAU ZAID-
g?NEI (N"), Z? FWAIE ?H?S XPDIXA[cDP[ LA[ PD?RF X?L_
hZUWID_, ZN?ZF\BHH_B PRX?KY PDBH_ R?NITA[; PBS Z?E?PD,
TFLF]U `?N?h? ZN?R?H?ZI]BH U X_PE?ABH, P?`NIH[BD ZIAF-
TF ?D P_N?PDU U PAFMUD FL?TPDX?E R ZBNBEBHB BW? X? XP[R?B
XNBE[.
XXVIII. 4BPD?, WLB FPDIHIXAUXIBDP[ ZBNBLHUS (UAU EIA_S)
hZUAY (t). The gear capstern. Petit cabestan; TFLBD ?H_S
LX?SH?S, D.B. P?PD?UD UK LXF` hZUABS, HI ?LH?S ?PU ?TNI-
\Ic\U`P[; D?WLI HI ^?H-LBRB (L) HIK_XIBDP[ HUMHUS, I HI
?ZBN-LBRB (b') XBN`HUS ZBNBLHUS hZUAY (t, e'). "H_S PAFMUD
LA[ Z?LbBEF NIKH_` T?AYhU` D[MBPDBS HI R?NITAY U FZ?D-
NBTA[BDP[ DIRMB X? XNBE[ XBNZ?XIHU[.
XXIX. 4BPD?, WLB FPDIHIXAUXIBDP[ T?AYh?S hZUAY (t'). The main
capstern. Grand Cabestan. & PBE LBRB ?H_S HIK_XIBDP[ HUM-
HUS, I HI "ZBN-LBRB (b') XBN`HUS hZUAY (m', t').
XXX. 4BPD? ZNBL TUKIH-EI]D?c (3), WLB NIPPDIXA[cDP[ NFMY[ X
DNU N[LI X PLBAIHH_` LA[ HU` EBPDI`; ?H_[ NIPZ?AIWIcDP[
X? XPB ZN?PDNIHPDX? hUNUH_ R?NITA[ X PBE EBPDB, ?PDIXA[[
ZN?`?L X 3?HPDIZBAYPRFc (XXXI) PX?T?LH_E.
XXXI. 3?HPDIZBAYPRI[. Gun-room. Sainte-barbe, EBPD? X PIE?S
R?NE?X?S ]IPDU R?NITA[ HI ^?H-LBRB (L), DFD HI`?LUDP[ R?-
NITBAYHI[ RIHfBA[NU[ U Z?EB\IcDP[ pDFNEIHI U EAILhUB
<NDUAABNUSPRUB "gUfBN_.

%?XE=GG B:MZ\:, >M> B?X-C?9 (b').
The upper-dek.
Second pont d'un vaisseau a deux ponts.

XXXII. XXXV, XXXVII, XXXVIII. &PB ZN?PDNIHPDX?, Z?L PUEU
KHIRIEU HI`?L[\BBP[, HIK_XIBDP[ XBN`H[[ ZIAFTI, UAU
"ZBN-LBR.
XXXII. 4BPD? LA[ AIKINBDI P ?LH?S PD?N?H_ R?NITA[, I P
47
LNFW?S PD?N?H_ HI`?LUDP[ XPBWLI KIMMBHH_S gUDUAY, U Z?-
KX?A[BDP[ PAFMUDBA[E RFNUDY DITIR HIL RILRIEU, HIZ?A-
HBHH_EU X?L?S.
XXXIII. 3?NITBAYHI[ RF`H[, RIETFK (d') HIK_XIBEI[, Cook-
room. Cuesine ZNU ?H?E X R?DAI` XINUDP[ LA[ XPBS R?EIHL_
ZU\I, DFD MB ZNUFW?D?XA[BDP[ PD?A LA[ 3IZUDIHI U "gUfB-
N?X.
XXXIV. 4BPD? LA[ XBN`H[W? ZBNBLH[W? UAU EIAIW? hZUA[
(B').
XXXV. 4BPD? LA[ NIKH?S MUXH?PDU; ?H?B NIKW?NIMUXIBDP[ DIR, ]D?
XXBN`F Z?EB\IcDP[ RFN_, FDRU, WFPU, I XHUKF TINIH_, DBA[-
DI U PXUHYU.
XXXVI. 4BPD? LA[ XBN`H[W? T?AYhIW? hZUA[ (m') HI ?LH?S
?PU P HUMHUE ?TNI\Ic\IW?P[; PBS hZUAY PAFMUD BLUHPD-
XBHH? LA[ X_HUEIHU[ [R?N[.
XXXVII. 4BPD? Z?L hRIHfIEU (P"), ?H?B P ?TBU` PD?N?H R?-
NITA[ ?TH?PUDP[ PFRH?E (HI]UHI[ ?D ZBNBT?NRU 3IcD-
R?EZIHUU (XXXVIII) U Z?]DU L? hRIgFDI (XLII). lI ?H_E
Z?EB\IcDP[ EAILhUB E?NPRUB U ZN?]UB "gUfBN_; DFD MB P
ZNIX?S PD?N?H_ R?NITA[ Z?LAB PIE?S ZBNBT?NRU 3IcD-
R?EZIHUU Z?EB\IBDP[ R?NITBAYH_S U ZN?]UB ?TNIKI, F R?U`
BMBLHBXH? E?AUDXI P?XBNhIBDP[.
XXXVIII. 3IcD-R?EZIHU[, ?HI[ ?DLBA[BDP[ ZBNBT?NR?c U P
?TBU` PD?N?H ?W?NIMUXIBDP[ Z?LbBEH_EU \UDIEU, X HBS
MUXFD 3IZUDIH-rBSDBHIHD, rBSDBHIHD_ U ZN?]UB PDINhUB
"gUfBN_; DFD MB XPBWLI P?TUNIcDP[ LA[ ZNBZN?X?MLBHU[
XNBE[HU XPBW? mRUZIMI "gUfBN_.

":9, >M> d7X-9:IH?M` (:'").
Fore-castele.
Gaillard d'avant.

XXXIX, XXXIX. ?L PUEU KHIRIEU ZN?PDNIHPDX? HI`?L[-
\BBP[ HIK_XIBDP[ >IR (UAU g?N-RIPDBAY), EBPD? PUB P?PD?UD
HI R?NITAB DIR, RIR W?FTXI`DI, U ZN?hDNIgUXhUBP[ PAFMU-
DBAU Z?P_AIcDP[ DFLI Z?L RINIFA.
XL. /?PDBN_. Gallows-bits. Potence pour soutener les mats de hune
et les vergues le rechange, UAU EBPD?, HI]UHI[ ?D TIRF (I'") U
L? hRIHBf (P") Z?PNBLUHB R?NITA[, WLB FRAIL_XIcDP[ U FR-
NBZA[cDP[ HISD?XIEU KIZIPH_B PDBHWU, TNIE-PDBHYWU, HB-
T?AYhUB NBU, AUPBAY-hZUND_, hRIA_ HI EI]D_, Z?EZ_ U
ZN?]UB PAFMI\UB LA[ NIKH_` Z?LBA?R R?NITA[ LBNBX[HH_B
TNFPY[ U L?PRU. ? ?TBUE MB PD?N?HIE N?PDBN ZN?PDUNIcD-
P[ XN?XBHY P? hRIHfIEU (P") U TIR?E (I'") PX?T?LH_B L?-
X?AYH? hUN?RUB
48
ZN?`?L_ Z? DF U LNFWFc PD?N?HF R?NITA[, ]D? U HIK_XI-
BDP[ hRIgFD (XLII) Gang-way, Gunnel, Gunwale. Passe-
avant, Plat-bord. ?PNBLUHB PIE_` N?PDBN ?]U\IBDP[ EB-
PD?, WLB X? XNBE[ Z?`?LI PDIXUDP[ TINRIK, U LA[ D?W? XEB-
PD? hAcZTIA?R Z? T?RIE N?PDBN U HI hRIgFDI` FPDIHIX-
AUXIcDP[ Z? FL?TH?PDU ZN?]U[ WNBTH_[ PFLI, P?TAcLIcD
ZNUD?E, ]D?T_ ?H_[ HB EBhIAU LBSPDX?XIDY PHIPD[EU
(XBNBXRIEU) X? XNBE[ FZNIXABHU[ R?NITABE Z?L ZINFPI-
EU.
NUEB]IHUB. :A[ FL?THBShIW? X_PDNBAUXIHU[ UAU Z?LH[DU[ R PX?UE EBPDIE
KIZIPH_` PDBHW, R?WLI HFMLI D?W? X?PDNBTFBD, P?TAcLIcD D?D Z?N[L?R
ZNU FRAILRB ?H_` HI N?PDBN_ (XL), ]D?T D?Z WN?D-PDBHWU ?TNI\BH
T_A R R?NEB, I g?N-PDBHRU R H?PF; ?DH?PUDBAYH? MB KIZIPH_` EINPI-
NBBX, LIT_ PR?NBB E?MH? T_A? U` X PAF]IB HFML_ ZBNBEBHUDY, D?
?H_B T_XIcD HB HI N?PDBNI` (XL), I F ?T?U` T?R?X R?NITA[ HI RNc]Y-
[`, ZNUTUD_` F NFPAUH, Z?A?MBH_ U ZNUHISD?XABH_; ABWRU[ MB (UAU
EIA_[) WNBTH_[ PFLI Z?LHUEIcDP[ P ?TBU` PD?N?H R?NITA[ U P R?NE_,
HI T?RIHfI`, HI R?U` TFLF]U Z?XBhBHH_EU, X PAF]IB HIL?TH?PDU X
E?EBHD E?WFD T_DY HI X?LF PZF\H_.

]9:=^L, >M> VA:XH?X-C?9 (I").
The quater-dek. Gaillard d'arriere.

XLIII. ?L PUE KHIR?E HI`?L[\BBP[ ZN?PDNIHPDX? HIK_XIBDP[
hRIHf_ (UAU RXINDBN-LBR) (P"), HI ?H_` X? XNBE[ Z?`?LI
TBPZNBN_XH? ?DZNIXA[BDP[ &I`DI, D. B. LBMFNPDX? Z?
FA?MBHH_E ]IPIE; HI]IAYHUR ?H?S rBSDBHIHD, Z?L R?-
EIHL?c R?BW? LXI UAU T?ABB EAILhU` "gUfBN?X HI`?-
LUDP[ U DNBDY[ ]IPDY R?EIHL_ XPBW? R?NITA[. 3?EIHLUN
XI`D_ Z?AF]IBD XPB ZNURIKIHU[ ?D HI]IAYHURI R?NITA[, U
?D PBW? EBPDI Z?AF]IcD XPB Z?XBABHU[, Z? R?D?N_E X?-
?T\B XPB LBSPDXU[ HI R?NITAB ZN?UKX?L[DP[. & ?ZNBLB-
ABHH?E EBPDB HI hRIHfI` (P") PDIXUDP[ HIRD?FK, Binacle,
Habitacle P R?EZIPIEU, Z? R?D?N_E ZNIX[D R?NITABE; DFD
MB HI`?LUDP[ hDFNXIA. Steering whell. Roue de gouvernail
(p"), R?D?N_E LBSPDXUB NFA[ (NFABX_EU) ZN?UKX?LUDP[.
XLIV. 3IZUDIHPRI[-3IcDI. "P?TBHH?B EBPD?, WLB MUXBD 3IZU-
DIH R?NITA[, [R? HBZ?PNBLPDXBHH_S HI]IAYHUR ?HIW? U
RIR 3?EBHLIHD, ZAIXIc\US PX?BS RNBZ?PDU.

eH, >M> ):=W7ZI (t").
Poop. Dunette.

XLV. N?PDNIHPDX?, Z?L PUE KHIR?E P?PD?[\BB, HIK_XIBDP[ cD
(UAU NIHW?FP) (t'").
49
XLVI. (\URU LA[ Z?RAIMU NIKH_` hDFNEIHPRU` ZNUZIP?X, RIR-D?:
gAIWU, X_EZBAI, gAIWLFR, PRA[HRU, A?D_, AIWU, AUHU, U ZN.
XLVII. $BDRU LA[ Z?RAIMU PAFMUDBAYPRU` ]BE?LIH?X U Z?PDBABS,
?H_[ RIR HI cDB (t'"), NIXH? U XBKLB X?RNFW R?NITA[ Z? T?N-
DIE LBAIcDP[, WLB TFLF]U FA?MBHH_EU PAFMUDBAYPRUB ]B-
E?LIH_ U Z?PDBAU L?PDIXA[cD P?T?c XEBPDUDBAYH?PDY U D?
FL?TPDX?, ]D? X? XNBE[ PNIMBHU[ KI\U\IcD AcLBS ?D RIN-
DB]H?S U EFhRBDH?S PDNBAYT_.
50
51

%)/f+355 V)#"2Q
&BAURI[ NIKH?PDY X ?TNIKB
PDN?[\U`P[ PFL?X ZN?UKX?LUD
EI]D_, NBU U XPB X??NFMBHUB
RIML?EF PFLHF ZNUPD?SH?B; UT? ?H?B ZN?UP`?LUD ?D U` NIKEB-
NBHU[ U X??T\B ?ZNBLBA[BDP[ U` LAUH?c, hUNUH?c U WAFTUH?c.
NUEB]IHUB. &??NFMUDY R?NITAYKHI]UD PHITLUDY ZFPD?S R?NITAY XPBEU XB\IEU,
HFMH_EU LA[ BW? ZAIXIHU[, ]D?T ?H W?D?X T_A ?DZNIXUDYP[ X E?NB. &??-
NFMBHUB P?PD?UD UK LXF` LBSPDXUS, R?U PFDY HIWNFKRI U ?PHIPDRI. BNXI[
Z?RIKIHI T_AI X_hB PBW?, WLB XPB D[MBPDU X PX?BE EBPDB RIR HI DNcEB R?-
NITA[, DIR U HI LBRI` BW? Z? ZNUAU]Uc NIPZ?A?MBH_ (PE. ZAIH <). ?PDI-
H?XABHUB MB EI]D, ZNUP?BLUHBHUB R ZN?L?AMBHUc U` ZN?]U` LBNBXYBX,
HIA?MBHUB HI ?H_B DIRBAIMI, Z?LH[DUB NBBX, ZNUX[KRI ZINFP?X U XPB`
PHIPDBS (XBNBX?R), R HUE ZNUHILABMI\U`, P?PDIXA[cD ?PHIPDRF. 8?D[ ?TI
PUU LBSPDXU[ X ?LH? XNBE[ HI R?NITAY ZN?UKX?L[DP[, ]IPDY AcLBS FZNIM-
H[BDP[ X FPDIH?XRB DNcEI, EBMLF DBE RIR LNFWUB NIT?DIcD HIXBN`F U X
NIKH_` EBPDI` R?NITA[, ZNUX?L[ RIMLFc XB\Y X HIPD?[\BB B[ Z?A?MBHUB
U LBSPDXUB; H? Z?N[L?R DNBTFBD D?W?, ]D?T RIMLI[ UK HU` Z?N?KHY T_AI
?ZUPIHI.
4I]D_ X??T\B PAFMID WAIXHBShUE ?PH?XIHUBE XPBW?
X??NFMBHU[ R?NITA[, ?D HU` ZN?]U[ LBNBXY[ ZN?L?AMIcDP[
XXBN` U UEBcD PX?B ?ZNBLBABHH?B Z?A?MBHUB P??TNIKH? XBAU]U-
HB PFLHI; XP[ MB PA?MH?PDY PU` ZN?L?AMIc\U`P[ LBNBX XEBPDB P
EI]DIEU PAFMUD LA[ ZNUP?BLUHBHU[ R ?H_E ZINFP?X, ]NBK R?D?-
N_B LBSPDXUBE XBDNI ZN?UKX?LUDP[ XPB LXUMBHUB R?NITA[.
iUPA? EI]D KIXUPUD ?D XBAU]UH_ PFLHI: UEBDY EH?W?

%77XZO?=>? 97X:\MG
Fitting-out of a ship
Armement d'un Vaisseau

52
EI]D HI EIA?E PFLHB T_A? T_ RNISHB HBFL?TH?, UT? XBAUR?B
]UPA? PDBPHBHH_` ZINFP?X PLBAIA? T_ FZNIXABHUB U` DNFLH_E U
KIZFDIHH_E, I ZNUD?E U EH?W? T_ AcLBS LA[ ?HIW? Z?DNBT?XI-
A?PY; HIZN?DUX D?W?, HI T?AYhU` R?NITA[` ZNU T?AYh?E ]UPAB
AcLBS ?LHF UAU LXB EI]D_ UEBDY T_A? T_ XBPYEI HBFL?TH?, UT?
ZINFPI U ZN?]U[ LA[ HU` ZNUHILABMI\U[ XB\U T_AU T_ PD?AY
?ThUNH_ U XBAURU, ]D? ?H_EU XBPYEI T_ KIDNFLHUDBAYH? T_A?
FZNIXA[DY U ?ZIPH?. "PDIX[ EH?W? NIKAU]H_[ HBFL?TPDXI, R?D?-
N_[ FMB UPZ_DIH_ U P?WAIPH? P ?Z_DIEU L?RIKIH? U FDXBNMLBH?
E?NBZAIXIDBA[EU, ]D? X?BHH_B R?NITAU, gNBWID_, R?NXBD_ U HB-
R?D?N_[ T?AYhU[ 3FZB]BPRU[ PFLI, L?AMBHPDXFc\U[ NIKLXU-
WIDY HB EIA_S PD?AT X?L_ X `?LF, L?AMH_ H?PUDY EH?W? ZINFP?X
U UEBDY DNU (XBNDURIAYH_[) EI]D_ Mast, Mat
*
U TFhZNUD Bow-
sprit, Beaupre ou mat de beaupre, ?H_S BPDY P H?PF R?NITA[ X_-
PDIXABHHI[ XZBNBL UAU HIRA?HBHHI[ EI]DI, HUMHUS R?HBf BW?
FDXBNMLIBDP[ HI W?H-LBRB X ?P?TBHH? PLBAIHH?E EBPDB, UEBHFB-
E?E Z[NDHBNP LA[ TFhZNUDI (PE. ZAIH <, Z?K. r); HIRA?HBHUB
TFhZNUDI P?PDIXA[BD P W?NUK?HDIAYH?c AUHUBc FW?A ?R?A? 35
WNILFP?X; WAIXHI[ Z?AYKI ?D HBW? BPDY DI, ]D?T_ FDXBNLUDY ZBN-
XFc ?D H?PF R?NITA[ EI]DF U UEBDY ZNUD?E ZINFPI LA[ FZNIXAB-
HU[ ZBNBLHBS ]IPDU R?NITA[; XZN?]BE E?MH? PRIKIDY, ]D? TFh-
ZNUD BPDY RAc] XPBS ?PHIPDRU R?NITA[, UT? ]NBK HBW? FDXBNMLI-
BDP[ ZBNBLH[[ EI]DI (D.B. g?R-EI]DI), I P HBc U ZN?]U[ ]NBK ZN?-
`?MLBHUB U ZNURNBZABHUB PHIPDBS ?D ?LH?S R LNFW?S PX?B FD-
XBNMLBHUB UEBcD.
-I PFLI`, R?D?N_[ EBHBB X_hB PRIKIHH_` (D.B. R?NITABS,
gNBWID?X U ZN?].) LBAIcD LXB EI]D_ U TFhZNUD; I HI PIE_` EI-
A_` ?LHI EI]DI U TFhZNUD; DIR?X?B BPDY PIE?B X_W?LHBShBB
]UPA? EI]D LA[ HIEBNBHUS E?NBZAIXIHU[.
4I]D_ U TFhZNUD, LBAIBE_[ UK fBA_` LBNBX, HIK_XIcD-
P[ ?LH?LBNBX_EU; I R?D?N_[ UK HBPR?AYRU` LBNBX, P?BLUHBHH_`
XEBPDB, P?PDIXH_EU.
-I R?NITA[` U ZN?]U` T?AYhU` PFLI` T_XIcD P?PDIXH_-
EU: TFhZNUD, g?R U WN?D-EI]DI, I TUKIHY-EI]DI Z?]DU XPBWLI UK
?LH?W? LBNBXI; P?PDIXH_[ EI]D_ LBAIcDP[ X D?A\UHF PX?c UK
DNB`, ]BD_NB`, Z[DU UAU PBEU LBNBX, R?D?N_[, TFLF]U HBL?PDI-
D?]H_ PX?Bc LAUH?c LA[ XPBS X_P?D_ EI]D_, HIPDIXA[cDP[ LNF-
WUEU hDFRIEU DIR, ]D? fBAI[ EI]DI P?PDIXABHI T_XIBD UK LBP[DU,
Z[DHILfIDU, I UH?WLI U T?ABB

*
4I]DIEU HIK_XIcDP[ ZBNX_[ PHUKF XXBN` ZN?PDUNIc\U[P[ XBNDURIAYH? LBNBXY[,
?H_[ ZN?`?L[D XHFDNU R?NITA[ L? PIEIW? RUAYP?HI (PE. ZAIH <), WLB UEBcD LA[
PX?BW? FDXBNMLBHU[ WHBKL?, HIK_XIBE?B PDBZP, Steps. Carlinque de mat (PE. ZAIH <,
Z?K. /, j, h), ?H?B LBAIBDP[ UK D?APD_` hDFR LFT?XIW? LBNBXI, FDXBNMLBHH_` Z?ZB-
NBR RUAYP?HI, X R?D?N_[ hZ?N-EI]D_ XRAIL_XIBDP[.
53
PBW? ]UPAI LBNBX; XPB PUU LBNBXY[ HIK_XIcDP[ gUhU, TFLB ?LH?
UK HU`, LBAI[ D?Z EI]D_, ZN?`?LUD Z?PNBLUHB B[ U X?RNFW gUhI-
EU ?TbBEABDP[, D? PUB PNBLHBB LBNBX? Z?AF]IBD HIKXIHUB hZUH-
LBAY, UAU PBNLB]HUR. pDFRU, P?PDIXA[c\U[ EI]DF, P?BLUH[cDP[
EBMLF P?T?c Z?PNBLPDX?E KIER?X UAU HINFT?R, PLBAIHH_` Z?-
ZBNBEBHH?, X`?L[\U[ U X_`?L[\U[, D? BPDY WHBKLI U hUZ_, DIR
]D? hUZ_ ?LH?S hDFRU X`?L[D X WHBKLI LNFW?S U ?TNIDH?
*
. -I-
TAcLIBDP[ ZNU D?E, ]D?T P?BLUHBHUB RIML_` LXF` hDFR T_A?
Z?RN_D? PNBLUH?c T?R?X?S UAU HI HU` ABMI\BS hDFRU. &PB PUU
PT?NH_[ LBNBXY[ PRNBZA[cDP[ T?ADIEU, bolts, cheveille, U X NIK-
H_` EBPDI` Z? LAUHB EI]D_ RAILFDP[ X?RNFW BB ?TbBEAc\UB
MBABKH_B ZA?PRUB ?TNF]U, UEBHFBE_B TFWBAU, Mast-hoops, cer-
cles de mat. $ T?R?X EI]D_ F PIEIW? HI]IAI D?ZI ZNUTUXIcDP[
LXB LFT?X_[ hDFRU, HIK_XIBE_[ ]URP_, cheeks of the masts, jot-
tereaux ou flasques des mats, U X D?E MB EBPDB PZBNBLU EI]D_
ZNUAIWIBDP[ R HBS LAUHHI[ LFT?XI[ hDFRI, HIK_XIBEI[ XIHWI,
UAU hRIA?, frant-fifh, jumelle R?D?N?B PX[KFBDP[ P EI]D?c BNhI-
EU; U RN?EB PBW? X NIKH_` EBPDI` LA[ FRNBZABHU[ ?HIW? RAILBDP[
HBPR?AYR? XBNBX?]H_` hAIW?X (?T?N?D?X), UEBHFBE_` XFAUHWU,
Woolding; Roustures. "DH?PUDBAYH? TFhZNUDI, D? ?H_S HI T?AY-
hU` R?NITA[` ?T_RH?XBHH? P?PDIXA[BDP[ UK ]BD_NB` LBNBX, KIE-
RIEU P?BLUHBHH_`, Z?L?TH? RIR F EI]D, U PRNBZA[BDP[ T?ADIEU,
TFWIA[EU U XFAUHWIEU.
$IE_EU AF]hUEU LA[ PLBAIHU[ EI]D U TFhZNUDI Z?]U-
DIcDP[ LBNBXY[: P?PHI, AUPDXBHHUfI U ZN?]. UK PE?AUPD_`, `X?S-
H_` RIR Z? RI]BPDXF U`, NIXH? U Z? XBAUR?S X_P?DB, L? R?D?N?S
PUU LBNBXY[ X_NIPDIcD.
3?NITBAYH_[ EI]D_ L?AMH_ UEBDY PD?AY XBAURFc X_P?-
DF, ]D? PIE_[ X_P?RU[ LBNBXY[ HBL?PDID?]H_ R P?PDIXABHUc fB-
A?S DIR?X?S EI]D_
**
, UK PBW? L?AMH? KIEBDUDY, ]D? RIMLI[

*
3N?EB Z?RIKIHHIW? BPDY H?X_S PZ?P?T PRNBZA[DY EI]D_ P?XPBE UH_E ?TNIK?E, D?
BPDY: KIERU U` HB X_NFTIcDP[ UK PIE_` LBNBX, EI]DF P?PDIXA[c\U`, H? ?H_[ LBNB-
XY[, TFLF]U UK XHFDNBHHU` U` PD?N?H X?XPB WAILRUB, P?BLUH[cDP[ EBMLF P?T?c
Z?PNBLPDX?E LFT?X_` XDFA?R, HIK_XIBE_` R?RP_; R?D?N_B NIPZ?AIWIcD XBPYEI
TAUKR? ?LHI Z?LAB LNFW?S X? XHFDNBHHU` ]IPD[` EI]D_; LUIEBDN U` X 5 LcSE?X, I
LAUHI X 3 LcSEI. $Z?P?T PBS FZ?DNBTA[DY E?MH? Z? HB?T`?LUE?PDU, XZN?]BE HBAY-
K[ ?H_S P?XPBE ZNBLZ?]BPDY ZBNX?EF.
**
:AUHI EI]D U TFhZNUDI, RIR FMB T_A? PRIKIH?, ?ZNBLBA[BDP[ ?D LAUH_ U hUNUH_
PFLHI, I D?A\UHI Z? LAUHB U` NIPZ?AIWIBDP[, ZN?]U[ MB XPB ZN?L?AMIc\UBP[ ?D
EI]D_ XXBN` LBNBXY[ ?ZNBLBA[cDP[ DIRMB LAUH?c U hUNUH?c PFLHI, UAU ZN?Z?N-
fU?HIAYH? EI]DIE NIKEBNBHUB PX?B UEBcD. ?AIWIcD, ]D? ?LHI DNULfIDY hBPDI[
L?A[ LAUH_ EI]D_, UAU PDBHWU UAU
1
/
3
XPBS LAUH_ X gFDI` Z?RIK_XIBD X LcSEI`
PIE?S T?AYh?S LUIEBDN, R?D?N?S EI]DI UEBBD ZN?DUX HUMHBS ZIAFT_, I PDBHWI F
XBNhUH_ EI]D?XIW? D?ZI, LXB DNBDU PBW? LUIEBDNI LIcD PIE_S EBHYhUS X D?ZB.
$IE_S T?AYhUS LUIEBDN TFhZNUDI, P??DXBDPDXFc\US HBLBLfIE BPDY
1
/
24
]IPDY
LAUH_ BW?, UAU Z?A?XUHI XPBS LAUH_ BW? X gFDI`, LIBD T?AYh?S LUIEBDN X LcSEI`,
EIA_S MB LUIEBDN TFhZNUDI NIXBH Z?A?XUHB T?AYhIW?.
54
EI]DI P?PD?UD UK EH?WU` ]IPDH_` LBNBX, ZN?L?AMIc\U`P[ ?D ?H?S
XXBN`, R?U ?P?TBHH?c PX?Bc LAUH?c X_P?DF ?H?S P??TNIKH? XBAU-
]UHB PFLHI P?PDIXA[cD. 4I]DI, R?D?NI[ FDXBNMLBHI HI RUAYP?HB,
HIK_XIBDP[ P?TPDXBHH? PX?UE UEBHBE (UAU ZN?PD? EI]D?c); PAB-
LFc\I[ ?D HBS XXBN` PDBHW?c, I LIABB ?D PBS TNIE-PDBHW?c, R?D?-
NI[ U ZN?L?AMIBDP[ UH?WLI XXBN` T?E-TNIE-PDBHW?c U ?RIH]UXIBDP[
TNIE-gAIWhD?R?E.
"TEI]D?XIHUB RIR R?NITA[, DIR U RIMLIW? PFLHI P?X?RFZA[-
BD X PBTB XPB D?, ]D? UPRFPPDX? ZNULFEIA? T_DY HB?T`?LUE? HFM-
H_E LA[ `?LI, Z?X?N?D?X U LXUMBHU[ XP[RIW? PFLHI.
$IE?B AF]hBB Z?A?MBHUB EI]D BPDY D?, ?D R?D?NIW? ZN?UP-
`?LUD NIXH?XBPUB EBMLF P?ZN?DUXABHUBE X?L_ HI R?NZFP R?NITA[ P
?LH?S PD?N?H_ U HIZNIXABHUBE U` FPUAU[ P LNFW?S.
4I]D_ HI X?BHH_` R?NITA[` X??T\B NIPZ?AIWIcDP[ DIRUE
?TNIK?E: fBHDN ZBNBLHBS EI]D_ (D.B. g?R-EI]D_) L?AMBH T_DY HB-
EH?W? Z?KILU KILHBS PD?N?H_ hZFHDI PDBEI UAU XHFDNU L?PRU HI
HUMHBE LBRB HI ?LHF LBX[DFc ]IPDY LAUH_ PBW? HUMH[W? LBRI.
;BHDN PNBLHBS EI]D_ (D.B. WN?D-EI]D_) Z?KILU HBEH?W? PNBLUH_
R?NITA[, UAU Z? HUMHBEF LBRF HI Z[DY LBX[D_` ]IPDBS LAUH_ BW?,
UAU HI
19
/
36
LAUH_ R?NITA[ ?D PDBEI; I fBHDN DNBDBS UAU KILHBS EI]-
D_ (D.B. TUKIHY-EI]D_) Z? D?EF MB HUMHBEF LBRF HI PBEHILfIDY
LXILfID_` ]IPDBS BW? LAUH_, UAU ?D PDINHZ?PDI HI
1
/
6
]IPDY LAUH_
R?NITA[.
-I RFZB]BPRU` PFLI` DIR?X?S D?]H?PDU X Z?A?MBHUU EI]D
HB HITAcLIBDP[, H? Z? PZ?P?TH?PDU RIMLIW? PFLHI ?H_EU NIPZ?AI-
WIcD, UEB[ ?LHIR? MB XXULF WAIXH_[ ZNIXUAI, R?D?N_EU NFR?X?-
LPDXFcDP[ AUHBSH_[ PFLI.
-IRA?HH?PDY EI]D NIPZ?AIWIBDP[ Z? PIE?EF AF]hBEF
`?LF R?NITA[; ?Z_D L?RIKIA, ]D? UH?S AF]hB HI `?LF, R?WLI EI]-
D_ BW? HIRA?H[cDP[ XZBNBL, I LNFW?S, R?WLI ?H_B FRA?HBH_ HI-
KIL; PABL?XIDBAYH?, HBAYK[ Z?A?MUDY D?]HIW? HI D? ZNIXUAI; H?
X??T\B ZBNBLHcc EI]DF (g?R-EI]DF) PDIX[D ZN[E?, I ZN?]U[ LXB
FRA?H[cD HBPR?AYR? HIKIL.

NUEB]IHUB. -I <HWAUSPRU` R?NITA[` LUIEBDN_ ?ZNBLBA[cDP[ Z? ZN?Z?NfUU R
LAUHB PABLFc\UE ?TNIK?E: WN?D U g?R-EI]D_ R?NITABS ?D 100 L? 64 ZF-
hBR XRAc]UDBAYH?, PFDY ?LUH LcSE X LUIEBDNB F Z[NDHBNP?X HI XP[RUB
DNU gFDI X LAUHF. q R?NITABS ?D 50 L? 32 ZFhBR XRAc]UDBAYH?
9
/
10
LcSEI
HI RIML_B DNU gFDI X LAUHF. < F PFL?X ?D 28 ZFhBR U HUMB
7
/
8
LcSEI HI
XP[RUB DNU gFDI X LAUHF. >UKIHY-EI]DI ?D 100 L? 64 ZFhBR XRAc]UDBAYH?
3
/
5
LUIEBDNI WN?D-EI]D_; I F 50 ZFhB]. R?NITABS U HUMB
2
/
3
LUIEBDNI WN?D-
EI]D_. >FhZNUD_ R?NITABS ?D 100 L? 64 ZFhBR XRAc]UDBAYH? LXFE[
LcSEIEU EBHYhB LUIEBDNI g?R-EI]D_. & 50-ZFhB]. R?NITA[` U HUMB DI-
R?S MB LUIEBDN UEBcD, RIR WN?D-EI]DI. q TNUWI WN?D-EI]DI L?AMHI T_DY
?LUH LcSE HI XP[RUB DNU gFDI X LAUHF, I g?R-EI]DI
9
/
10
LUIEBDNI WN?D-
EI]D_, F RIDBN?X EI]D_ L?AMH_ T_DY
3
/
4
LcSEI X LUIEBDNB HI XP[RUB DNU
gFDI X LAUHF.
55
q TNUWI, UAU HI PFLI` P LXFE[ EI]DIEU, WN?D-EI]DI PDI-
XUDP[ ?R?A? LXF` DNBDBS XPBS LAUH_ U` ?D PDBEI, I g?R-EI]DI HI
DNU LXILfID_[ ]IPDU D?S LAUH_. ^N?D-EI]DI FRA?H[BDP[ HIKIL F
D?ZI ?D ZBNZBHLURFA[NI R RUAc HI DNU ]BDXBNDU LcSEI HI XP[-
RUB DNU gFDI LAUH_ B[; I g?R-EI]DI HI ?LHF ?PYEFc ]IPDY LcS-
EI X? XP[RU` DNB` MB gFDI` B[ LAUH_. :A[ RIDBN?X UAU PFL?X P
?LH?c EI]D?c HIRA?HH?PDY Z?AIWIBDP[ Z?AD?NI LcSEI HI RIM-
L_B DNU gFDI LAUH_ EI]D_. >FhZNUD_ F TNUW?X Z?L FWA?E P W?-
NUK?HDIAYH?S AUHUBc L? 20 WNILFP?X; I F ?LH?EI]D?X_` PFL?X
ABMID Z?]DU X W?NUK?HDIAYH?E Z?A?MBHUU. 4H?WUB Z?AIWIcD,
]D? R?N?DRU[ U hUN?RU[ PFLI P ?LH?c UAU LXFE[ EI]DIEU L?AM-
H_ UEBDY DF EI]DF, RIR E?MH? TAUMB R fBHDNF U EH?W? HIRA?HHF
HIKIL; I X LAUHH?S Z?PDN?SRB PFL?X EI]D_ L?AMH? PDIXUDY ZN[-
E?, UT? HBR?D?NFc HIRA?HH?PDY ?H_E ZNULIBD LUggBNBHD. lI-
EB]BH?, ]D? R?WLI EI]D_ RIPIcDP[ Z[NDHBNP?X, D? ?HB ABWR? E?-
WFD LIDY DNB\UHF UAU A?EIcDP[, Z?PBEF U L?AMH? XPBWLI ?H_[
`?N?h? ?RAUHBXIDY.
&ZN?]BE, ?DH?PUDBAYH? Z?LH[DU[ U Z?PDIH?XABHU[ HI
R?NITAY EI]D U TFhZNUDI, NIXH? U ? Z?LHUEIHUU NBBX U XP[RIW?
N?LI T?AYhU` D[MBPDBS BPDY ?P?TBHHIW? N?LF ZNIXUAI, R?UEU
NFR?X?LPDXFcDP[; ?T ?H?E P D?]H?PDUc UK?TNIMBH? X ?Z_D E?N-
PR?S ZNIRDURU P?]. ^?PZ?LUHI ^IEIABU
*
.
3IR FMB T_A? PRIKIH?, ]D? RIMLI[ EI]DI HIK_XIBDP[ P?T-
PDXBHH_E PX?UE UEBHBE (UAU ZN?PD? EI]D?c), RIR HIZNUEBN,
WN?D-EI]DI U ZN?]., NIXH? PABLFBEI[ ?D ?H?S XXBN` PDBHYWI, DIR-
MB TNIE-PDBHWI U ?R?H]IDBAYHI[ T?E-TNIE-PDBHYWI UEBHFcDP[ P
ZNUTIXABHUBE UEBHU PX?BS EI]D_; RIR HIZNUEBN: WN?D-PDBHWI,
WN?D-T?E-TNIE-PDBHWI U ZN?]. DIR?X_E ?TNIK?E U F LNFWU` EI]D
XPB ZN?L?AMIc\U[P[ XXBN` LBNBXY[ U X??T\B XPB ZNUHILABMH?-
PDU ZNU HU` UEBHFcDP[ P ZNUTIXABHUBE UEBHU: F g?R-EI]D_
ZNUTIXA[cD PA?X? g?N, U XPB ZN?L?AMIc\U[P[ ?D ?H?S XXBN`
LBNBXY[ U P?PD?[\U[ ZNU HU` PHIPDU UEBHFcDP[ P ZNUTIXABHUBE
PBW? PA?XI, RIR HIZNUEBN: g?N-PDBHWI, g?N-TNIE-g?NLFH_ U
ZN?]., I F TUKIHY EI]D_ ZN?L?AMBHU[ B[ XXBN` U ZNUHILABMH?-
PDU R HUE UEBHFcDP[ P ZNUTIXABHUBE PA?XI RNcP, RIR HIZNUEBN:
RNcP-PDBHW-hDIW, RNcP-TNIE-PDBHWI U ZN?].

*
& ?H?S MB ZNIRDURB X 113 UKA?MBH_ ZN?Z?NfUU EI]DIE U ZN?]., ? ]BE DIRMB X
PX?BE EBPDB TFLBD Z?RIKIH?.
56
3#U%#35+ .+)+%. 6+)'+f I

>FhZNUD (I). Bow-sprit. Beaupre IU mat de Beaupre.
$A?MH?B LBNBX? BPDY HIRA?HHI[ EI]DI, X_PDIXABHHI[
XZBNBL P H?PF R?NITA[; LA[ PRNBZABHU[ BW? RAILFDP[ Z? HBE TF-
WBAU (b) U XFAUHWU (I).
>UP_ (P). Bees. Violons de beaupre.
pDFRU UK LFT?X_` L?P?R UAU UHIW? RIRIW? LBNBXI, ZNU-
RNBZABHH_[ T?ADIEU R XHBhHBEF R?HfF (R D?ZF) TFhZNUDI (I) Z?
PD?N?HIE BW?; X RIML?S UK ?H_` LBAIcDP[ Z? LXB LU-N_, ?LHI
ZNU XBN`HBE, I LNFWI[ ZNU HUMHBE R?HfB TUP_ NIPZ?A?MBHH_[;
X LXB UK ?H_` ZN?`?L[D PHIPDU (XBNBXRU), UEBHFBE_[ g?N U
A?PY-PDBHW-hDIWU, I LNFWUB LXB FZ?DNBTA[cDP[, R?WLI Z?HIL?-
TUDP[.
>UP-TA?RU (d).
AIHRU P? hRUXIEU, ZNURNBZA[BE_[ Z? T?RIE TFhZNUDI
(I) Z?L UPZ?L?E TUP?X (P); T?AD_, R?UEU ?HB ZNURNBZA[cDP[,
PAFMID ?PYc, UAU HIWBABE, hRUXIE, XBND[\UEP[ HI HU`. AIHRU
DIR?XIW? N?LF HIK_XIcD P?RNI\BHH? TUTA?RU.
AIHRI PBLA?E (B).
"P?TBHHIW? N?LF ZAIHRI P X_BER?S LA[ FDABWIN[, ZNU-
RNBZABHHI[ HI TFhZNUDB (I). AIHRU PBLA?E HI ?H?E MB TFh-
ZNUDB HIR?AI]UXIcDP[ LA[ TAUHLI-PDN?Z?X NIXH? U LA[ ZN?TB-
WIc\IW? DIRBAIMI, F PU` Z?PABLHU` LBAIBDP[ HBPR?AYR? LUN,
ZN?XBN]BHH_` HIPRX?KY X HIZNIXABHUU LAUH_ PFLHI, X ?H_[
ZN?TBWIc\US DIRBAIM ZN?`?LUD PX?T?LH? R H?PF R?NITA[ HI
TIR. 3N?EB X_hB PRIKIHH_`, HI TFhZNUDB HIR?AI]UXIcDP[
ZAIHRU LA[ LBNMIHU[ RNIW?X g?RI-hDIWI U A?PY-hDIWI U LA[ XI-
DBN-XFAUHW?X.
j?Z-TFhZNUDI (P').
&HBhHUS TFhZNUDI R?HBf, UAU XBNhUHI BW?.
pZ?N-TFhZNUDI (d').
-UMHUS TFhZNUDI R?HBf, UAU R?EBAY BW?.
o?R-EI]DI (II). Fore-mast. Mat de misaine.
$A?MH?B LBNBX?, PD?[\BB KI TFhZNUD?E XBNDURIAYH?, U
BPDY ZBNXI[ EI]DI P H?PF R?NITA[.
^N?D-EI]DI (III). Main-mast. Grand Mat.
$A?MH?B LBNBX?, PD?[\BB XBNDURIAYH? Z?]DU Z?PNBLUHB
R?NITA[, U BPDY PIEI[ T?AYhI[ EI]DI HI R?NITAB.
>UKIHY-EI]DI (IV). Maizen-mast. Mat d'artimon.
$IEI[ KILH[[ EI]DI HI R?NITAB, U LBAIBDP[ XPBWLI UK ?L-
H?W? fBAYHIW? LBNBXI.
57
NUEB]IHUB. 3N?EB X_hB Z?RIKIHH_` EI]D, T_XIBD PKILU TUKIHY-EI]D_ (IV) XBNDU-
RIAYH? X ZINIAABAY R ?H?S FDXBNMLBHH?B LBNBX?, HIK_XIBE?B DNUPBAY-
EI]DI; ?HI[ LBAIBDP[ UK fBAYHIW? LBNBXI, D?A\UH?c HB T?ABB T?E-
FDABWIN[; BB ?DLBA[cD ?D TUKIHY-EI]D_ X DIR?E NIPPD?[HUU, ]D?T WIgBAY-
H_S TBSgFD E?W ZN?`?LUDY EBMLF UEU PX?T?LH?; XBN`HUS B[ R?HBf FD-
XBNMLIBDP[ EBMLF A?HW-PIAUHWIEU PKILU TUKIHY-EI]D_, FZUNI[PY X KIL-
Hcc RNIPZUfF; I HUMHUS R?HBf ?RIX_XIBDP[ MBABK?E U UEBBD X PIE?S
?R?HB]H?PDU MBABKH?S PDBNMBHY, R?D?N_S XRAIL_XIBDP[ X ?DXBNPDUB, PLB-
AIHH?B X MBABKH?S ZAIHRB, ZNURNBZABHH?S TFWBABE R EI]DB, HBEH?W? X_-
hB PB]BHU[ B[ P WUR?E; ZAIHRF PUc FDXBNMLIcD MBABKH?c Z?LZ?NR?c,
LIT_ ?HI XHUK HB Z?WHFAIPY. jNUPBAY-EI]DI LBAIBDP[ BLUHPDXBHH? LA[
PX?T?LHIW? Z?LHUEIHU[ XXBN` U ?ZFPRIHU[ XHUK WIgBA[; UT? HI`?L[\UBP[
HI TUKIHY-EI]DB TFWBAU U NIKH_B PDN?ZRU EH?W? ZNBZ[DPDXFcD X Z?LbBEB
`?L[\IW? Z?PNBLPDX?E NIRP?X Z? HBS WIgBA[. NU DNUPBAY-EI]DB D?D WI-
gBAY LBAIcD W?NIKL? D?HYhB U LAUHHBB U LA[ ZNUP?BLUHBHU[ KILHBS hRI-
D?NUH_ ZINFPI HIRAIL_XIcD HI DNUPBAY-EI]DF LBNBX[HH_[, UK ?TNF]BS
PLBAIHH_B RNBHWBAYP_ (R?AYf_) UAU XBNBX?]H_B PDN?ZRU. -I <HWAUSPRU`
R?NITA[` HBNBLR? ZN?PDUNIBDP[ WIgBAY LAUH?c L? 60 gFD?X, U Z? ZNUX[-
KIHUU R HBEF ZINFPI, UEBHFBEIW? R?HDNI-TUKIHY, ?PDIXA[BDP[ LAUHH_S
H?R F WIgBA[, HI R?D?N?E Z?LHUEIcDP[ PUWHIA_, I UH?WLI E?NPR?S DBAB-
WNIg; U X D? XNBE[, R?WLI Z?PDIXABHI (Z?LH[DI) R?HDNI-TUKIHY, ?H_B E?WFD
T_DY ?]BHY `?N?h? NIPPEIDNUXIBE_.
j?Z WN?D-EI]D_ (<). j?Z g?R EI]D_ (&).
j?Z TUKIHY-EI]D_ ($).
Head of the mast. Ton des mats.
$UE UEBHBE HIK_XIBDP[ XBN`H[[ ]IPDY EI]D_ ?D ZAB]URI
]URP. -UMH[[ MB ]IPDY U PIE?S R?HBf ?H_` (D? MB, ]D? U R?EBAY)
HIK_XIBDP[ hZ?N The heel of a mast. Pied de mat.
NUEB]IHUB. -I <HWAUSPRU` R?NITA[` EI]D?X_B D?Z_ LBAIcDP[ HBPR?AYR? LAUHHBB
HIhU`, NIXH? U EINP_ LBAIcD HBEH?W? hUNB, ]BNBK ]D? PDBHWI FDXBNMLI-
BDP[ W?NIKL? ZN?]HBB.
<`RIHD_ (f). Hounds. Flasque de m'at.
lIZAB]URU, UAU EBPD? Z?L PIE_E D?Z?E EI]D_, WLB ?HI
T?AYhB FRNBZA[BDP[ LA[ LBNMIHU[ A?HW-PIAUHW?X U EINP?X.
iURP_ (g).
Cheeks. Jottereaux auflasqaues des m'at.
&_LIXhU[P[ ]IPDU HI RIML?E T?RF EI]D_ LA[ Z?LLBN-
MUXIHU[ EINPI U PDBHWU KI U` XBN`; UAU DI ]IPDY, R?D?NI[ X_hB
ZAB]UR?X.
3HUP_ (h). Bibbs. Courbe.
?L UEBHBE RHUP_, UAU RHUf_, NIKFEBBDP[ hDFRI LBNBXI,
UEBc\I[ F PBT[ LXB XBDXU, R?D?N_[ EBMLF P?T?c P?PDIXA[cD
FW?A ?D ZBNZBHLURFA[NI T?AYhB UAU EBHYhB DFZ?S. 3HUf_ F
EI]D LBAIcDP[ UK LFT?X_` L?P?R, ZNURNBZA[BE_` T?ADIEU R I`-
RIHDIE EI]D LA[ Z?LLBNMUXIHU[ A?HW-PIAUHW?X.
58
>FWBAU (b).
Mast hoops. Cercles de m'at.
3NBZRUB MBABKH_B ?TNF]U, HIR?AI]UXIBE_B X NIKH_`
EBPDI` HI EI]D_ (II, III, IV), TFhZNUD (I) U ZN?]. LA[ PRNBZABHU[
?H_`.
&FAUHWU (I).
Woolding. Roustures des mat.
-BPR?AYR? ]IPD_` ?T?N?D?X PE?A[H?S XBNBXRU, ?LUH
Z?LAB LNFWIW? Z?A?MBHH_` X?RNFW EI]D U TFhZNUDI.
NUEB]IHUB. -_HB XFAUHW Z?]DU X?XPB HB RAILFD, H? XKIEBH UE NIPZ?AIWIcD ]I\B
?LUH ?D LNFWIW? TFWBAU (b).
r?HW-PIAUHWU (V).
Trestle trees. Barrre maitresses de hune.
:XI RNBZRUB TNFPI UK LFT?XIW? LBNBXI, Z?A?MBHH_B HI
]URP_ (g) HUMHU` EI]D, R R?D?N_E ?HU ZNURNBZA[cDP[ X_-
NFTRIEU U T?ADIEU W?NUK?HDIAYH? UK PFZN?DUXH_` PD?N?HI`
EI]D_, XL?AY PFLHI NIKZ?A?MBHH_B; ?HU Z?LLBNMUXIcDP[ LXFE[
RHUfIEU (h) HIZ?L?TUB ZAB].
3NIPZUf-PIAUHWU (VI).
Cross-trees. Barres traversiers de hune.
pDFRU UK LFT?XIW? LBNBXI, ABMI\U[ Z?ZBNBR A?HW-
PIAUHW?X (V), X R?D?N_[ ?HB XZFPRIcDP[ U ZNURNBZA[cDP[ T?A-
DIEU.
?LFhRU (k). Bolsters. Coussins.
3?N?DRU[ hDFRU UK P?PH?XIW? LBNBXI, ZNURNBZA[BE_[ R
RIML?EF T?RF XHUKF D?ZI-EI]D_, ]D?T P?`NIHUDY XIHD_ ?D DNB-
HU[ ?T A?HW-PIAUHWU (V).
^N?D EINP (VII). The main-top. La grande hune.
o?N-EINP (VIII). The fore-top. La hune de misaine.
3NcP-EINP (IX). The mizen-top. La hune d'artimon.
:?\ID_B Z?E?PD_ (X_E_hABHH_B X?RNFW D?Z?X EI]D),
HIA?MBHH_B HI A?HW (V) U RNIPZUf (VI) PIAUHWI`, R R?D?N_E ?H
U ZNURNBZA[BDP[. ^AIXHI[ Z?AYKI ?D EINP?X P?PD?UD X D?E, ]D?T
?DXBPDU PDBHW-XIHD_ ?D PDBHWU Z?L T?AYhUE FWA?E LA[ AF]hIW?
Z?LLBNMUXIHU[ ?H?S. ? T?RIE EINPI ZN?LIATAUXIcD ]BD_NB`-
FW?AYH_[ LUN_ LA[ XRAIL_XIHU[ XIHD-ZFDUHP?X P cgBNPIEU,
?R?XIHH_EU X?RNFW, LIT_ UEU P?BLUHUDY PDBHW-XIHD_ P XIHDIEU
?D EI]D_ ULF\UEU. 4INP_ ]NBKX_]ISH? ZNUW?LH_ LA[ NIPZNIX-
ABHU[ ZINFP?X, DIRMB LA[ KIRNBZABHU[ U Z?]UHRU U` U DIRBAIMI.
$?PDIX EINPI T_XIBD UAU UK L?P?R, PA?MBHH_` ZA?DH? XEBPDB U
ZNUTUD_` WX?KL[EU R X[K?X_E N_TUHIE (D?HRUB TNFPRU), UAU
?DRN_D_B Z?L?TH? NBhBDRB, PLBAIHH_B UK D?HRU` LFT?X_` L?-
\B]BR, H? ZBNX?S PZ?P?T RNBZ]B U FL?THBB.
59
/_TUH_, UAU DUETBNP_ HI EINPB (1). Timbers.
-IKXIHUB, LIHH?B DBE LBNBXY[E, R?D?N_EU ?PH?XI EINP?X
ZA?DH? PRNBZA[BDP[.
:UNI X EINPB (m). Lubber hole. Trou du chat.
"DXBNPDUB, PLBAIHH?B X PNBLUHB EINPI, R?UE ?H_S HI-
RAIL_XIBDP[ ]NBK D?Z EI]D_ HI A?HW (V) U RNIPZUf (VI) PIAUHWU;
U TFLF]U HIA?MBHH_E, ?H?B ?DXBNPDUB XEB\IBD X PBTB D?Z EI]-
D_ U hZ?N PDBHWU U UEBBD PX?T?LHFc P T?R?X ZFPD?DF LA[ ZN?-
ABKIHU[ ]BA?XBRF PHUKF HI EINP.
dKBAYW?gD-WN?D?X?S (X).
Cap of the main mast. Chouauet du grand mat.
dKBAYW?gD-g?R?X?S (XI).
Cap of the fore mast. Chouauet de misaine.
dKBAYW?gD HI TUKIHY EI]DB (XII).
Cap of the mizen mast. Chouquet d'artimon.
dKBAYW?gD HI TFhZNUD (XIII).
Cap of the Bowsprit. Chouquet de baupres.
j?APD_[ LFT?X_[ hDFRU, UAU R?N?DRUB TNFPRU, HI ZA?P-
R?PDU R?U` LXB LUN_, ZBNZBHLURFA[NH_[ R LAUHB U hUNUHB BW? U
ZINIAABAYH_[ R BW? D?A\UHB; ZBNBLH[[ LUNI T_XIBD RNFWAI[ U
?TUXIBDP[ R?MBc, X ?HFc ZN?`?LUD PDBHWI, I KILH[[ RXILNIDHI[,
?H?c mKBAYW?gD HIRAIL_XIBDP[ HI D?Z EI]D_ (<<). dKBAYW?gD
FZ?DNBTA[BDP[ LA[ PRNBZABHU[ EI]D_ XEBPDB P PDBHW?c, R?WLI
HIL?TH?, ]D?T EI]DI T_AI X_hB. /IXH? PAFMUD ZNU TFhZNUDB
LA[ ZN?L?AMBHU[ BW? UAU ZNUP?BLUHBHU[ R HBEF FDABWIN[.
NUEB]IHUB. q EI]D?X_` mKBAYW?gD?X LBAIcDP[ PZBNBLU Z?LPDIXRU, LIT_ ?H_B
HBPR?AYR? ?TABW]UDY ?D D[MBPDU, ABMI\BS HI HU`, ?D ZNUP?BLUHBHH_` R
HUE XBNBX?R (DIR HIK_XIBE_` PDBHW-X_HDNBZ_, D?ZBHIHD_, U ZN?]).
"TF`U HI mKBAYW?gDB (n).
Eye-bolt. Cheville a qeillet.
-BZ?LXUMH? FDXBNMLBHH_[ X mKBAYW?gDB R?AYf_ PAFMID
LA[ KIRAIL_XIHU[ KI ?H_[ ZNUHILABMI\U` TA?R?X UAU ZNURNBZ-
ABHU[ R HUE PABLFBE_` PHIPDBS (XBNBX?R).
^N?D-PDBHWI (VIV).
Main top-mast. Grand mat de hune.
o?N-PDBHWI (XV).
Fore top-mast. Petit mat de hune.
3NcP-PDBHWI (XVI).
Mizen toh-mast. Mat de perroquet de fougue.
&D?N?B ]IPDH?B LBNBX?, R?D?NIW? LAUHI PAFMUD ZN?L?A-
MBHUBE HUMH[W? LBNBXI UAU EI]D_. 3IMLI[ PDBHWI LBAIBDP[
60
UK ?LH?W? fBAYHIW? LBNBXI U ZNUP?BLUH[BDP[ R D?ZF-EI]D_ Z?-
PNBLPDX?E mKBAYW?gDI, A?HW-PIAUHW?X U hAIWD?XI; HI R?D?N?E
?HI[ TFLF]U X_PDNBABHI (X_LXUHFDI XXBN`) FDXBNMLIBDP[.
j?Z F PDBHWU (?).
&BN`H[[ ]IPDY PDBHWU, U ?H_S BPDY D? MB, ]D? U F EI]D.
NUEB]IHUB. q <HWAU]IH D?Z_ PDBHW LBAIcDP[ ZN?DUXF HIhU` gFDI HI Z?AD?NI
LAUHHBB, ]NBK ]D? TNIE-PDBHWU ZNU Z?PDIH?XABHUU U` HI hAIWD?X_, TFLF-
]U (PUE NIPPD?[HUBE D?ZI PDBHWU) EBHBB X_PDNBAUH_ (X_LXUHFD_ XXBN`);
PXBN` PX?BW? mKBAYW?gDI P?LBA_XIcDP[ ZN?]HBB LA[ X_LBNMIHU[ HIZ?NF
XBDNI HI ZINFP, ZNUP?BLUH[BE?S R HUE.
pZ?N F PDBHWU (N).
-UMH[[ ]IPDY PDBHWU, UAU R?EBAY B[.
<`RIHD_ (q).
lIZAB]URU, UAU EBPD? Z?L PIE_E D?Z?E (?) PDBHWU (XIV);
?HU PAFMID LA[ Z?LLBNMUXIHU[ PIAUHW?X, HIA?MBHH_` HI D?Z
PDBHWU.
iUR-TA?R (r).
AIHRI P LXFE[ hRUXIEU, ?LUH HIL LNFWUE NIPZ?A?MBH-
H_EU, ZNURNBZA[BEI[ R D?ZF PDBHWU (?) HI RIML?E B[ T?RF; TA?-
RU PUU ZNUP?BLUH[cDP[ R PDBHWB (XIV) D?WLI, R?WLI BB ZN?XBLFD
XXBN` PRX?KY mKBAYW?gD (X) U HIA?MID HI HBB XBPY ZNUHILABMI-
\US R HBS DIRBAIM (PE?ABH_[ XBNBXRU); D?WLI R XBN`HBEF RNIc
D?ZI F PDBHWU Z?L PIE_E TNIE-mKBAYW?gD?E ?H_B ZNURNBZA[cD.
pRUXH_[ LUN_ (s).
:UN_, PLBAIHH_[ HI PDBHWB (XIV) X?PEUWNIHH?S U hZ?N-
H?S B[ ]IPDU, P? XPDIXABHH_EU X HU` hRUXIEU, ]NBK R?D?N_[
ZN?`?LUD XBNBXRI, UEBHFBEI[ PDBHW-X_HDNBZ; Z?PNBLPDX?E ?H?S
Z?LHUEIcD PDBHWF XXBN` U ?ZFPRIcD XHUK.
pAIWD?XHI[ LUNI (t).
& hZ?NH?S ]IPDU PDBHWU RXILNIDHI[ LUNI P? PD?N?H, ]D?
Z?ZBNBR; X ?HFc KIRAIL_XIBDP[ hAIWD?X (]BD_NBFW?AYH?S MB-
ABKH?S TNFP?R), HI R?D?N?E PD?UD PDBHWI.
pAIWD?X (t'). The fid. Cles de mat de hune.
iBD_NBFW?AYH_S TNFP?R, UAU KIRAILRI, UK MBABKI UAU LB-
NBXI PLBAIHHI[, FZ?DNBTA[BEI[ LA[ Z?LLBNMUXIHU[ PDBHWU (XIV)
U ZN?]. 3?WLI PDBHWI Z?LH[DI HI EBPD?, D? ?H_S XRAIL_XIBDP[ X
LUNF (t), PLBAIHHFc X hZ?NB PDBHWU.
NUEB]IHUB. pAIWD?X_ F PDBHW (XIV, XV, XVI) T_XIcD Z?]DU XPBWLI MBABKH_B, I F
TNIE-PDBHW U ZN?]. LBNBX[HH_B; HBR?D?N_B Z?AIWIcD FL?THBB LBAIDY
hAIWD?X UK LXF` ]IPDBS, N?L RAUHYBX, RIR Z?RIKIH? X gUW. 2, ]D? HBZ?PNBL-
PDXBHH? ?TABW]IBD NIT?DF ZNU PZFPRB PDBHWU HI HUK; UT?, HBEH?W? ZNU-
Z?LH[X PDBHWF, ?LUH RAUH E?MH? PX?T?LH? X_HFDY, ?D]BW?
61
U LNFW?S TBK KIDNFLHBHU[ X_`?LUD; TFLF]U MB fBA_E TNFPR?E, L?AMH?
BW? X_R?A?DRIEU XBPY ZN?\IDY PRX?KY LUNF, PLBAIHHFc X hZ?NB PDBHWU.
oUW. 3 Z?RIK_XIBD DIR?X?S MB hAIWD?X, FZ?DNBTA[BE_S P FL?TH?PDUc ZNU
TNIE-PDBHWI` U T?E-TNIE-PDBHWI`. :BSPDXUB P ?H_E ZN?UKX?LUDP[ Z?L?T-
H? ZBNX?EF, X gUW. 2 UK?TNIMBHH?EF. pAIWD?X_ PUU, TFLF]U XA?MBHH_EU
X PX?U EBPDI, KIRAIL_XIcDP[ ABWRUEU MBABKH_EU ]IRIEU, LIT_ RAUHY[
?PDIXIAUPY XPBWLI X ?LUHIR?X?E Z?A?MBHUU; ZNU X_HUEIHUU MB hAIWD?XI
PHI]IAI X_HUEIcD ]IRU, I Z?D?E U PIE_S hAIWD?X.
qDABWINY (XVII). Jib boom. Baton de foc.
&D?N?B ]IPDH?B LBNBX?, PAFMI\BB ZN?L?AMBHUBE TFh-
ZNUDI (I), ZNUP?BLUH[BDP[ R ?H?EF Z?PNBLPDX?E mKBAYW?gDI
(XIII), ]NBK R?D?N?S X_LXUWIBDP[ (UAU X_PDNBAUXIBDP[) XZBNBL
XBNBXR?S, HIK_XIBE?S FDABWINY-gIA; R?WLI ?H_S X_LXUHFD, D?
hZ?N BW? HISD?X?E ZNU`XID_XIBDP[ R TFhZNUDF. qDABWINY LBAI-
BDP[ XPBWLI UK ?LH?W? LBNBXI.
NUEB]IHUB. -I <HWAUSPRU` X?BHH_` PFLI` FDABWINU T_XIcD XBPYEI LAUHH_ DIR,
]D? HBNBLR? ?H_B HI 74-ZFhB]H_` R?NITA[` ZN?PDUNIcDP[ L? 52 gFD, U
?T_RH?XBHH? hZ?NHI[ ]IPDY U` FDXBNMLIBDP[ Z?PNBLUHB EBMLF RNIWIEU
g?RI-hDIW?X. :AUHH_B FDABWIN[ XBPYEI HFMH_ LA[ DIR?X_` PFL?X, R?D?-
N_[ `FL? PAFhIcD ZBNBLHU` ZINFP?X; EBMLF DBE, HI EH?WU` <HWAUSPRU`
X?BHH_` PFLI` XEBPD? HISD?XI, R?D?N_E ZNU`XID_XIDP[ hZ?N FDABWIN[ R
TFhZNUDF, LBAIcD hAIWD?X; R?D?N?S KIRAIL_XIcD XZBNBLU RNIW?X g?RI-
hDIWI, X HIN?]H? PLBAIHHFc X hZ?NB FDABWIN[ LUNF; ?H_E X_LXUHFD_S
FDABWINY FLBNMUXIBDP[ X HIPD?[\BE PX?BE Z?A?MBHUU.
>?E-FDABWINY (XVIII). Teying boom. Coute baton de foc.
jNBDUB LBNBX? R ZN?L?AMBHUc TFhZNUDI (I), ?H_S ZNU-
P?BLUH[BDP[ R FDABWINc (XVII) Z?PNBLPDX?E TFWBA[, HI ZBNBLHUS
R?HBf FDABWIN[ HIA?MBHHIW?, PRX?KY R?D?N?S X_PDNBAUXIBDP[
(X_LXUWIBDP[) XZBNBL; KILHUS MB R?HBf T?E-FDABWIN[ ZN?L?AMI-
BDP[ Z? XPBEF FDABWINc, FZUNI[PY X mKBAYW?gD TFhZNUDI (XIII),
Z?LAB R?D?NIW? ?H U ZNUHISD?XAUXIBDP[ (ZNUX[K_XIBDP[).
4INDBH-WUR (XIX). Martin Gale.
-BT?AYh?S LBNBX[HH?S TNFP?R ?D mKBAYW?gDI TFhZNUDI,
(XIII) XHUK XBNDURIAYH? NIPZ?A?MBHH_S; ?H_S PAFMUD LA[ PHI-
PDBS (XBNBX?R), ZNUHILABMI\U` R FDABWINc (XVII) U T?E-
FDABWINc (XVIII). 4INDBH-WUR?X LBAIcD F mKBAYW?gDI LXI, U D?-
WLI ?HU EBMLF P?T?c UEBcD ?PDN_S FW?A; U` ZNURNBZA[cD R
mKBAYW?gDF MBABKH_EU PR?TIEU, I EBMLF P?T?c MBABKH_EU
RNc]Y[EU; X HUMHBE R?HfB EINDUH-WURI LBAIcD LXB LUN_ (P?
XPDIXABHH_EU hRUXIEU), ?LHI HIL LNFW?c NIPZ?A?MBHH_EU, X
?H_[ ZN?`?L[D XBNBXRU, UEBHFBE_[ HUMHUS TIRhDIW-FDABWIN[ U
HUMHUS TIRhDIW T?E-FDABWIN[.
62
NUEB]IHUB. 4INDBH-WURU ZNU T?AYh?S RUABX?S RI]RB FLINBHUBE PX?UE ?T X?LF
?TNBEBHIcD HBPR?AYR? >FhZNUD, ]D? UKXBPDH? HI PIE?E ?Z_DB
*
; U Z?D?EF
HI EH?WU` <HWAUSPRU` R?NITA[` U ZN?]U` X?BHH_` PFLI` EINDBH-WUR
(XIX) LBAIcD HI MBABKH?S ZBDAB, ?LUHIR?S (I HB LX?SH?S), DIR ]D?T_ X?
XNBE[ RI]RU Z? FTNIHUU (Z? ?ZF\BHUU) FDABWIN[ (XVII), E?MH? T_A?
RAIPDY BW? XL?AY HUMHBS ]IPDU TFhZNUDI (I). BDAc PUc LBAIcD DIRUE
?TNIK?E, ]D?T_ ?HI Z?KX?A[AI EINDBH-WURF ?DWUTIDYP[ D?AYR? HIKIL Z?
TFhZNUDF R H?PF R?NITA[, I XZBNBL ?D mKBAYW?gDI TFhZNUDI FLBNMUXIAI
T_ BW? (MBABKH_E X ZBDAB PLBAIHH_E KIZAB]UR?E) XBNDURIAYH?, D? BPDY X
HIPD?[\BE BW? Z?A?MBHUU. NU DIR?X?E FDXBNMLBHUU EINDBH-WURI ZN?-
`?L[\UB X HUMHBE R?HfB BW? FDABWINY U T?E-FDABWINY TIRhDIWU ?PH?X_-
XIcD PABLFc\UE ?TNIK?E: ?LUH R?HBf RIMLIW? UK PU` TIRhDIW?X U
RNBZUDP[ HIWAF`? KI HUMHcc ?R?H]BH?PDY EINDBH-WURI, LNFWUB MB U`
R?Hf_ ZN?`?L[D X TA?RU, HI ?R?HB]H?PD[` (UAU D?ZF) FDABWIN[ U T?E-
FDABWIN[ ZNUX[KIHH_B, U, ?TNI\I[PY ?D ?H_` X hRUX_, X R?HfB EINDBH-
WURI XPDIXABHH_B, D[HFDP[ HI TIR; ]NBK ]D? EINDBH-WUR, KILBNMUXIc\USP[
HI ZBDAB, HB Z?KX?A[c\BS BEF T?ABB L? XBNDURIAYHIW? Z?A?MBHU[ XZBNBL
?TNI\IDYP[, P?LBNMUD XPBWLI HIPD?[\BB PX?B Z?A?MBHUB; H?, EBMLF DBE,
LIT_ ?TABW]UDY HBPR?AYR? PUc ZBDAc, D? ?D HUMH[W? R?HfI EINDBH-WURI
TBNFD ?P?TFc ?DD[MRF ZN[E? HI TIR. 1DIR, BMBAU Z?HIL?TUDP[ Z?A?MUDY
EINDBH-WUR Z?L TFhZNUD?E, D? PD?UD D?AYR? NIKLBNHFDY (?PAITUDY,
?PX?T?LUDY) FDABWINY U T?E-FDABWINY TIRhDIWU, I HI TIR D[HFDY ?DD[MRF, R
HUMHBEF R?HfF EINDBH-WURI ZNURNBZABHHFc (PE. ]BNDBM X gUW. 1).

$?PDIXH?S hAIWD?X (XX).
:BNBX[HH_S TNFP?R, PLBAIHH_S UK LXF` RFPR?X LBNBXI
DIRUE ?TNIK?E, RIR Z?RIKIH? X gUWFNB (2) U (3).
^N?D-PIAUHW (XXI). o?N-PIAUHW (XXII).
3NcP-PIAUHW (XXIII). Cross-trees. Barres de hune.
$?PDIXABHH_B XEBPDB A?HW U RNIPZUf-PIAUHWU (V, VI), H?
W?NIKL? EBHBB U D?HYhB DB`, ]D? RAILFDP[ HI EI]D_; X? XPBE Z?-
L?TH_ UE. $IAUHWU HIRAIL_XIcDP[ HI D?Z_ PDBHW (XI,. XV,
XVI), PAFMID LA[ FLBNMIHU[ TNIE-PDBHWU Z?E?\Uc hAIWD?XI (t')
U gUWFNI (3), XRAIL_XIBEIW? X ]BDBNB`FW?AYHFc LUNF, PLBAIH-
HFc X hZ?NB TNIE-PDBHWU U R?HfIEU PX?UEU ABMI\IW? HI A?HW-
PIAUHWI`. $IAUHWU HB?T`?LUE_ LA[ ZN?`?LF PHIPDBS (XBNBX?R),
UEBHFBE_` TNIE-XIHD_, LA[ R?D?N_` X R?HfI` RNIPZUfBX LBAI-
cDP[ LUN_. ^AIXHI[ Z?AYKI ?D ?H_` BPDY DI, ]D? HI A?HW-
PIAUHWI` BW? FDXBNMLIBDP[ hZ?N TNIE-PDBHWU, I RNIPZUfIEU ?D-
X?L[DP[ ?D D?ZF B[ TNIE-XIHD_ Z?L T?AYhUE FWA?E LA[ AF]hIW?
Z?LLBNMUXIHU[ ?H?S; UK?TNIMBHUB PIAUHW?X BPDY DIR?X?B, RIR
Z?RIK_XIBD gUWFNI (XXI).
NUEB]IHUB. -I HBR?D?N_` PFLI` FZ?DNBTA[cD H_HB PIAUHWU DIR?X_B, RIR

*
& 1813 W?LF X? XNBE[ PD?[HU[ HI [R?NB <HWAUSPRU` U /?PPUSPRU` X?BHH_` PFL?X
(Z?L R?EIHL?c <HWAUSPR?W? <LEUNIAI 6HWI) F oABPUHWBHPRU` TIH?R ZNU Z?PNBL-
PDXBHH?S RUABX?S RI]RB HI gNBWIDI` ?D TBPZNBPDIHHIW? FLINBHU[ EINDBH-WUR?X ?T
X?LF X_hUTIA? ?H_B P?XPBE UK EBPDI.
63
UK?TNIMIBD ]BNDBM X, gUWFNI (2), NIKHUfI ?H_` ?D ZBNX_` BPDY DI, ]D?
XZBNBLU EBMLF A?HW-PIAUHW?X FRNBZA[BDP[ TNFP?R (UAU RNIPZUfI, TBK
N?MR?X); EBMLF PUE TNFPR?E U ZBNBLHBc RNIPZUfBc FDXBNMLIBDP[ hZ?N
TNIE-PDBHWU, I ZBNX_E ?DXBNPDUBE EBMLF RNIPZUfIEU HIRAIL_XIcD PI-
AUHW HI D?Z-PDBHWU (XIV); EBMLF PNBLHBS MB U KILHBS RNIPZUf_ ?DXBN-
PDUB ?PDIBDP[ FZNIKLHBHH_E; U X PAF]IB HIL?TH?PDU PAFMUD FL?TPDX?E
LA[ Z?LH[DU[ PKILU TNIE-PDBHWU (XXVIII). -I HBR?D?N_` R?NITA[`, I
T?AYhBc ]IPDUc HI EBARU` PFLI` LBAIcD LA[ ?DX?LF PHIPDBS (XBNBX?R),
UEBHFBE_` TNIE, U T?E-TNIE-TIRhDIW?X ?P?T_B Z?X?N?DH_B N?MRU, R?-
D?N_B ?TNI\IcDP[ PX?T?LH? Z?PNBLPDX?E HBT?AYhIW? MBABKHIW? T?ADURI
HI PNBLHBS RNIPZUfB PIAUHWI U UEB[ XHBhHUS LAUHH?S P X_BER?c R?HBf,
I XHFDNBHHUS HBPR?AYR? R?N?]B. /?MRU PUU LA[ ?DX?LI TIRhDIW?X Z?X?-
NI]UXIcDP[ Z? HIZNIXABHUc hUNUH_ R?NITA[, U D?WLI XHFDNBHHUS U` R?-
HBf ZNU`XID_XIBDP[ HISD?X?E R PNBLHBS RNIPZUfB PIAUHWI. &? XNBE[ MB
PD?[HU[ HI [R?NB, WLB LBSPDXUB TNIE-TIRhDIW?X HB T_XIBD HFMH?, D? D?WLI
N?MRU PUU Z?X?NI]UXIcDP[ HI R?NEF (UAU HIKIL) U E?WFD PAFMUDY ?DX?-
LIEU LA[ (PHIPDBS UEBHFBE_`) TNIE-g?NLFH?X; ZNU PBE PAF]IB XHFDNBH-
HUS U` R?HBf ZNUHISD?XAUXIBDP[ HISD?X?E R ZBNBLHBS RNIPZUfB. 4?MH?
N?MRU PUU FDXBNMLIDY UH_E ?TNIK?E: HI KILHBS (UAU PNBLHBS) RNIPZUfB,
ZN?ZFPRI[ PRX?KY PLBAIHHFc X HU` LUNF KILHcc TNIE-XIHDF, R?D?NI[ Z?-
D?E ZN?`?LUD X LUNF HI RNIPZUfB LA[ HBS ?ZNBLBABHHFc; X DIR?E PAF]IB
N?M?R TFLBD Z? hUNUHB U LAUHB R?NITA[ ?TNI\IDYP[ HI TNIE-XIHDB; (]B-
NBK ]D? U PIAUHW HB ?PAITA[BDP[). -ISD?X MB RAILFD X ZBNX?E PAF]IB (D.B.
LA[ TNIE-TIRhDIW?X) HI KILHBS, I X Z?PABLHBE (LA[ g?NLFH?X) HI PNBLHBS
UAU ZBNBLHBS RNIPZUfB. 4?MH? LBAIDY ?H_B U P ?DA?MH_EU PR?TRIEU X
D?E ZNBLZ?A?MBHUU, ]D? BMBAU Z?HIL?TUDP[, D? E?MH? U` X PR?N?PDU
PH[DY U FTNIDY. /?MRU PUU X? XHBhHU` PX?U` ?R?HB]H?PD[` UEBcD L?-
X?AYH? T?AYhU[ X_BERU, RFLI KIX?L[D RIR TNIE-TIRhDIW, DIR U T?E TNIE-
TIRhDIW, H? E?MH? LA[ ZBNXIW? LBAIDY TAUK ?KHI]BHH?S X_BERU ?P?TFc
RNFWAFc LUNF, ?TUDFc XHFDNU R?MBS. $UU X_hB ?ZUPIHH_B ?DX?LH_B
N?MRU XBPYEI Z?ABKH_ T_XIcD ZNU PZFPRB U Z?LbBEB TNIE-PDBHW U ?P?-
TBHH? X D? XNBE[, R?WLI XBDN LFBD PT?RF; NIXH? ?TABW]IcD ?HU TNIE-
PDBHWF, ULF]U X TBSLBXUHL.
j?Z WN?D-PDBHWU (XXIV). j?Z g?N-PDBHWU (XXV).
j?Z RNcP-PDBHWU (XXVI).
?RIKIH? X_hB PBW?.
?LFhRI (u).
-BT?AYh?S RFP?R LBNBXI, KIRNFWABHH_S P ?LH?S PD?N?H_,
R?D?N_S Z? HIA?MBHUU PIAUHWI (XXI) HI D?Z PDBHWU ZNURNBZA[BDP[
R RIML?EF T?RF PDBHWU, XHUKF B[ D?ZI (?), LIT_ P?`NIHUDY PDBHW-
XIHD_ ?D DNBHU[ ?T PIAUHW.
>NIE-mKBAYW?gD (XXVII).
Top gallant cap. Chouquet de Perroquet.
iBD_NB`FW?AYH?S ZN?L?AW?XID_S TNFP?R, UEBc\US LXB LU-
N_: ?LHF ]BD_NB`FW?AYHFc, R?D?N?c ?H HIRAIL_XIBDP[ HI D?Z PDBH-
WU (?), I LNFWFc RNFWAFc, X R?D?NFc ZN?`?LUD TNIE-PDBHWI; HIKXI-
HUB PX?B UEBBD P ZNUA?MBHUBE UEBHU ?H?S, RIR HIZNUEBN: g?N-
TNIE-mKBAYW?gD U ZN?]. >NIE-
64
mKBAYW?gD_ LBAIcDP[ Z?L?TH? HUMHUE, HI D?Z-EI]D_ HIRAIL_-
XIBE_E mKBAYW?gDIE (X U ZN?].), U PAFMID LA[ PRNBZABHU[ PDBH-
WU P TNIE-PDBHW?c, PZ?P?TPDXF[ DBE R ZN?L?AMBHUc EI]D_
XXBN`.
^N?D-TNIE-PDBHWI (XXVIII).
Main top gallant mast. Grand mat deperroquet.
o?N-TNIE-PDBHWI (XXIX).
Fore top gallant mast. Petit mat de perroquet.
3NcP-TNIE-PDBHWI (XXX).
Mizen top galant mast. Mat de perruche.
jNBDUB ]IPDH?B LBNBX?, R?D?NIW? LAUHI PAFMUD ZN?L?AMB-
HUBE HUMH[W? LBNBXI, UAU PDBHWU (XIV); X??T\B MB ?HB Z?LABMID R
ZN?L?AMBHUc EI]D (II,III,IV) XXBN`. >NIE-PDBHWU ZNUP?BLUH[cDP[ R
D?ZIE PX?U` PDBHW Z?PNBLPDX?E TNIE-mKBAYW?gDI (XXVII), PIAUHWI
(XXI) U TNIE-hAIWD?XI (I').
<`RIHD_ UAU ZAB]UR? (u).
4BPD? Z?L PIE_E gAIWhD?R?E, UAU D?Z?E TNIE-PDBHWU
(XXVIII).
pZ?N-TNIE-PDBHWU (v).
-UMH[[ ]IPDY TNIE-PDBHWU, I XBN`H[[ (TFLB ?HI[ HB UEBBD
gAIWhD?RI) HIK_XIBDP[ D?Z?E.
pAIWD?XHI[ LUNI (w).
& hZ?NH?S ]IPDU TNIE-PDBHWU ]BD_NB`FW?AYHI[ LUNI P?
PD?N?H, ]D? Z?ZBNBW; X ?HFc KIRAIL_XIBDP[ hAIWD?X (t), HI R?D?N?E
PD?UD TNIE-PDBHWI.
pRUXHI[ LUNI LA[ TNIE-W?NLBH[, UAU TNIE-X_HDNBZI (`).
:UNI P? XPDIXABHH_E X HBB hRUX?E, PLBAIHHI[ HI TNIE-
PDBHWB (XXVIII) X hZ?NH?S B[ ]IPDU (v), X ?HFc ZN?`?LUD XBNBXRI,
UEBHFBEI[ TNIE-W?NLBHY, R?D?NI[ PAFMUD R Z?LH[DUc XXBN` (R X_-
PDNBAUXIHUc) U ?ZF\BHUc HI HUK TNIE-PDBHWU.
pRUXHI[ LUNI LA[ TNIE-gIAI, UAU LNISNBZI (F).
:UNI P? XPDIXABHH_E X HBB hRUX?E, PLBAIHHI[ HI TNIE-
PDBHWB (XXVIII) XXBN`HBS B[ ]IPDU, HBEH?W? Z?HUMB D?ZI; X ?HFc
ZN?`?LUD XBNBXRI, UEBHFBEI[ TNIE-gIA, R?D?NI[ PAFMUD R Z?LH[-
DUc XXBN` U ?ZF\BHUc HI HUK TNIE-NBU.
^N?D-TNIE-PIAUHW (XXXI).
o?N-TNIE-PIAUHW (XXXII).
3NcP-TNIE-PIAUHW (XXXIII).
Top gallant crosstrees. (De perroquet) Barres de hune.
To MB PIE?B, ]D? WN?D-PIAUHW (XXI), H? D?AYR? W?NIKL? EB-
HBB. >NIE-PIAUHWU HIRAIL_XIcDP[ HI D?Z_ PX?U` TNIE-PDBHW
(XXVIII, XXIX, XXX); FZ?DNBTABHUB U LBSPDXUB U`
65
BPDY DIR?X?B MB ZNU T?E-TNIE-PDBHWI`, RIR X_hB PRIKIHH_` PI-
AUHW?X ZNU TNIE-PDBHWI`.
>?E-TNIE-mKBAYW?gD (XXXIV).
Royal cap. Chuquet volant de perroquet.
To MB, ]D? U TNIE-mKBAYW?gD (XXVII), H? D?AYR? D?HBB U
EBHBB BW?; UEBBD LXB LUN_, ]BD_NB`FW?AYHFc U RNFWAFc, ZBNX?c
HIRAIL_XIBDP[ HI D?ZTNIE-PDBHWU (XXVIII), I X? XD?NFc ZN?`?-
LUD T?E-TNIE-PDBHWI; HIKXIHUB PX?B UEBBD P ZNUA?MBHUBE UEBHU
?H?S, RIR HIZNUEBN: g?N-T?E-mKBAY-W?gDB U ZN?]., P?RNI\BHH?
MB HIK_XIcD ?H_B T?E-mKBAY-W?gD_; ]NBK HU` ZNUP?BLUH[BDP[
T?E-TNIE-PDBHWI R TNIE-PDBHWB, ]D? PAFMUD ZN?L?AMBHUBE TNIE-
PDBHWU; X??T\B MB P?PDIXA[BD ZN?L?AMBHUB EI]D_ (III) XXBN`.
>?E-TNIE-PDBHWI (XXXV). Top-gallant royal mast.
iBDXBND?B ]IPDH?B LBNBX?, R?D?NIW? LAUHI PAFMUD R ZN?-
L?AMBHUc TNIE-PDBHWU (XXVIII), X??T\B MB Z?LABMUD R ZN?-
L?AMBHUc EI]D (II, III, IV). >?E-TNIE-PDBHWU ZNUP?BLUH[cDP[ R
D?ZIE PX?U` TNIE-PDBHW (XXVIII U ZN?].) Z?PNBLPDX?E T?E-
TNIE-mKBAYW?gDI (XXXII), TNIE-PIAUHWI (XXXI), U TNIE-
hAIWD?XI.
NUEB]IHUB. >?E-TNIE-PDBHWU T?AYhBc ]IPDUc LBAIcDP[ UK ?LH?W? LBNBXI P TNIE-
PDBHW?c (XXVIII) U D?WLI UEBcD ZNU PBTB ?LHU HIA?MBHH_B TNIE-PIAUHWU
(XXXI) HI XBN`HBB ?R?H]IHUB TNIE-PDBHWU LA[ ?PH?XIHU[ ]NBK HU` XBNB-
X?R, UEBHFBE_` T?E-TNIE-XIHD_; F PLBAIHH_` DIR?X_E ?TNIK?E T?E-
TNIE-mKBAYW?gD?X (XXXIV) HB T_XIBD U ?T_RH?XBHH? ?RIH]UXIcDP[ ?HB
R?N?DRUE gAIWhD?R?E; RIMLI[ UK T?E-TNIE-PDBHW P? XPBEU B[ ZNUHIL-
ABMH?PD[EU HIK_XIBDP[ P ZNUTIXABHUBE UEBHU D?S TNIE-PDBHWU, ZNU R?BS
?HI HI`?LUDP[, RIR HIZNUEBN: g?N-T?E-TNIE-PDBHWI U ZN?].
^N?D-TNIE-gAIWhD?R (XXXVI).
o?N-TNIE gAIWhD?R (XXXVI).
3NcP-TNIE-gAIWhD?R (XXXVIII).
Ensgn staff ou the mast heads. Baton de Com mandement.
N?L?AMBHUB XXBN` TNIE-PDBHW (XXVIII) UAU T?E-TNIE-
PDBHW (XXXV); LBAIcDP[ UK ?LH?W? P HUEU LBNBXI, U ?H_EU
?RIH]UXIBDP[ X_P?DI EI]D (II, III, IV). -I UH_` PFLI` X?XPB HB
UEBcD TNIE-gAIWhD?R?X, U F DIR?X_` XP[ X_P?DI EI]D ?RIH]U-
XIBDP[ T?E-TNIE-PDBHW?c.
3A?D (z). Acorn. Pomme.
-I R?HfI` gAIWhD?R?X (XXXVI U ZN?]) HIA?MBHH_B HB-
T?AYhUB PMID_B hINURU, P XLBAIHH_EU X PD?N?HI` U` EIABHY-
RUEU hRUXIEU LA[ ZN?LBXIHU[ D?HRU` XBNBX?R, UEBHFBE_` PUW-
HIAYH_S gIA U X_EZBA-gIA (PE. ]BNDBM I, gUW. 1) U (ZAIH &, Z?K.
7)
NUEB]IHUB. AIH &. jIR?X_E ?TNIK?E NIPZ?AIWIcDP[ XPB XBNDURIAYH?
66
PD?[\U[ ZNU EI]DI` (II, III, IV) LBNBXY[, ?RIH]UXI[PY TNIE-gAIWhD?RIEU;
HI R?HfB WN?D?XIW? TNIE-gAIWhD?RI (XXXVI) Z?LHUEIBDP[ FKR?S LAUH?S
gAIW, HIK_XIBE_S X_EZBA Pendent Flamme (PE. ZAIH & U D, Z?K. 6) D?S HI-
fUU, R R?D?N?S ZNUHILABMUD PFLH?; I HI LNFWU` LXF` TNIE-gAIWhD?RI`
(XXXVII, XXXVIII) Z?LHUEIcDP[ R?N?DRUB FKRUB gAIWU, HIK_XIBE_B R?-
N?DRUB X_EZBAI, UAU gAcWBNI The vane Gironette (PE. ZAIH D, Z?K. 6),
R?UEU UH?WLI ?KHI]IBDP[ UE[ PFLHI U R R?D?N?S LUXUKUU ?H?B ZNUHILAB-
MUD
*
. & KIRAc]BHUB L?AMH? KIEBDUDY, ]D? RN?EB X_hB Z?RIKIHH_` LBNBX,
HI R?NEB RIMLIW? AUHBSHIW? PFLHI FDXBNMLIBDP[ hBPD, HIK_XIBE_S R?N-
E?X?S gAIWhD?R Staff, or flag-staff Baton ou mat de pavilion (2), HI ?H?E
Z?LHUEBDP[ gAIW Ensing, flag, colurs; Enseigne, Pavilion (4) D?S HIfUU, R
R?D?N?S ZNUHILABMUD PFLH?; DIRMB F mKBAYW?gDI TFhZNUDI (XIII) FDXBN-
MLIBDP[ HBT?AYh?S hBPD, HIK_XIBE_S WcSP-hD?R Jack-staff. Baton de
pavilion de beaupre (3); HI ?H?E Z?LHUEIBDP[ FKR?S HBT?AYh?S gAIW, UEB-
HFBE_S WcSP Jack. Pavilion de beo.upre (5), ?H_S XPBWLI UK?TNIMIBD 3BS-
KBN-gAIW. -I XBN`Hcc ?R?HB]H?PDY gAIWhD?RI U WcSP-hD?RI HIRAIL_XI-
cDP[ HBT?AYhUB RA?D_ (z) P? hRUXIEU LA[ ZN?LBXIHU[ gIA?X (D?HBHYRU`
XBNBX?R), PAFMI\U` R Z?LHUEIHUc U ?ZFPRIHUc gAIWI U WcSPI.
1DIR, X_hB PBW? Z?RIKIH_ EI]D_, P? XPBEU ZNUHILABMI-
\UEU R ZN?L?AMBHUc U` XXBN` LBNBXY[EU; H? RIR ?H_[ EI]D_,
NIXH? U ZN?L?AMIc\U[P[ ?D HU` LBNBXY[ UEBcD ZNU PBTB W?NU-
K?HDIAYH? (UAU Z?ZBNBR) NIPZ?A?MBHH_[ LBNBXY[, UEBHFBE_[
NBU, R?D?N_B DIR?X_E MB Z?N[LR?E PABLFcD T_DY Z?RIKIH_.

*
:AUHHIW? X_EZBAI HURIR?B PFLH? RN?EB X?BHHIW? UEBDY HB E?MBD.
67
)+Qg. 6+)'+f II
3IML?B LBNBX?, X W?NUK?HDIAYH?E XULB R EI]DB ZNUA?-
MBHH?B, HIK_XIBDP[ NBBE
*
Yard Vergue. /BU PAFMID R D?EF, ]D?-
T_ ZNUX[K_XIDY R HUE ZINFPI, ]NBK R?D?N_B P??T\IBDP[ EI]DIE
HIZ?N XBDNI, ZN?UKX?L[\US Z? EBNB PX?BS LXUMBHUB R?NITA[.
3IML_S NBS UEBBD PX?U NIKEBNBHU[ U HIKXIHUB; LAUHI
HUMHU` NBBX ?ZNBLBA[BDP[ T?ABB ?D hUNUH_ PFLHI, I ZN?]UB Z?
HBS UAU ?D DIR?X?S MB hUNUH_ PFLHI PX?U NIKEBNBHU[ UEBcD.
NU H_HBhHBE FP?XBNhBHPDX?XIHUU E?NBZAIXIHU[ X
X??NFMBHUU R?NITA[ HI`?LUDP[ XBAUR?B ]UPA? NBBX NIKH_` XB-
AU]UH, ?H_B HFMH_ LA[ D?W?, ]D?T UEBDY EH?W? ZINFP?X X NIK-
AU]H_` ZN?PDNIHPDXI`; ]D? ?LHIR? MB P?WAIPFBDP[ P ?PD?S]U-
X?PDUc PFLHI, LIT_ ?H?, ULF]U Z?L ZINFPIEU, HB T_A? Z?LXBN-
MBH? ?ZIPH_E HIRA?HBHU[E; U Z?D?EF ZN?PDNIHPDX? ZINFP?X U
X?KX_hBHUB fBHDNI U` L?AMH? T_DY P?NIKEBNH? ?PD?S]UX?PDU.
$U[ ?PD?S]UX?PDY HIUT?ABB KIXUPUD ?D hUNUH_ PFLHI U ?D ?T-
hUNH?PDU ZA?\ILU WNFK?X?S XIDBNAUHUU, R?D?NI[ BPDY HBR?D?-
NI[ L?A[ ZN?UKXBLBHU[ hUNUH_ PFLHI HI BW? LAUHF. ?PBEF X_-
P?DI EI]D, Z? R?D?N?S ?ZNBLBA[BDP[ X?KX_hBHUB fBHDNI ZINFP-
H?PDU, L?AMHI T_DY ZN?Z?NfU?HIAYHI hUNUHB PFLHI; U ]D?T XPB
ZN?PDNIHPDX? ZINFP?X T_A? P?NIKEBNH? ZA?\ILU WNFK?X?S XI-
DBNAUHUU, D? HILABMUD U hUNUHF U`, D? BPDY LAUHF NBBX, LBAIDY
ZN?Z?NfU?HIAYH?c LAUHB PFLHI.
q ZBNX_` LXF` EI]D, D.B. F g?R U WN?D-EI]D, HUMHUB NBU
LBAIcDP[ P?PDIXH_EU, ?HU PRNBZA[cDP[ KIERIEU, T?ADIEU U
TFWUA[EU, Z?L?TH? RIR EI]D_.
$?PDIXH_B NBU LBAIcDP[ UK LXF`, DNB` U ]BD_NB` hDFR,
ZNUFW?D?XABHH_[ LA[ NB[ hDFRU ?TLBA_XIcDP[ PABLFc\UE ?T-
NIK?E: DB, R?D?N_[ P?BLUH[cDP[ ?R?HB]H_E KIER?E Z?PNBLUHB,
UEBcD PBS KIE?R U PZFPRU, ?TDBPIHH_B ZN[E? U HB HIUPR?PY HI
XHFDNBHHBS PD?N?HB, Z?PNBLUHB ?H_` XL?AY ?DTUXIBDP[ AUHU[ U
?DEBNUXIBDP[ hI`EIDH?S KIE?R X LXI gFDI ]BD_NB LcSEI UAU X
LXI gFDI hBPDY LcSE LAUH?c U ?LHF DNBDY LUIEBDNI X hUNUHF;
R?Hf_ MB LBAIcD Z? HIFW?AYHURF

*
/BU PFDY LAUHH_[ hDFRU P?PH?XIW? LBNBXI, ZNUXBhBHH_[ R EI]DIE UAU
TFhZNUDF LA[ ZNUP?BLUHBHU[ U NIPD[WUXIHU[ ZINFP?X.
&PB NBU ]BD_NBFW?AYH_` ZINFP?X XUP[D Z?ZBNBR EI]D X ZN[E_` FWAI`, X_-
RAc]I[ AUPBAY-NBBX, R?D?N_[ XUP[D Z?L ?R?HB]H?PD[EU LNFWU` NBBX.
/BU AID_HBS, UAU R?P_` ZINFP?X, XUP[D R?PXBHH? R EI]DIE. /BU HI R?NIT-
AB XPB Z?ZBNBR, RN?EB F TUKIHU.
&PB NBU, RN?EB HUMHU` U EINPI-NBBX, ?TNFWABH_ fUAAUHLNU]BPRU U FD?-
H[DP[ ?D PNBLUH_ R H?RIE, (R R?HfIE) ZN?]UB NBU ?PEUWNIHH_ HI PNBLUHB, ?D R?D?-
N?S R R?HfIE FZ?L?TA[cDP[ ?DNBKRF H?RI.
68
Z?ZBNBR U XHUK R T?RIE. pI`EIDH_B KIERU X?KX_hIcDP[ HI
?LUH LcSE P ]BDXBNDYc F R?Hf?X U X_HUEIcDP[ EBPDI L? DIR?S
MB WAFTUH_ HI LNFW?S PD?N?HB ?D PNBLUH_ R H?RF (R ?R?HB]H?-
PDU); Z?D?E LNFWFc Z?A?XUHF Z?X?NI]UXIcD HI HBB, RAILFD ZN[-
E? U HB HIUPR?PY U ZNUAIMUXIcD RIR EI]D_; PRNBZA[cD T?ADIEU
P? PD?N?H, ]D? XL?AY PFLHI PRX?KY PNBLUHF, X R?HBf RIMLIW? KIE-
RI; W?A?XRU T?AD?X KIR?AI]UXIcD ?D D?HR?S ]IPDU ?R?HB]HIW?
KIERI U KIRABZ_XIcD U` HI R?AYfB, I PZFPRU ZNUTUXIcD WX?KL[-
EU. ?D?E NBS hBPDHILfIDUWNIH[D U ?RNFWAUXIcD ?D ?LH?S ]BD-
XBNDU HI RIML?S PD?N?HB PNBLUH_ L? XHBhHU` R?Hf?X, RN?EB
KILHBS PD?N?H_, R?D?NFc L?AMH? ?PDIXA[DY ZA?PR?c HI LXB ]BD-
XBNDU HI RIML?S PD?N?HB ?D PNBLUH_. $LBAIX ?H?B, XBPY NBS ?PD-
NFWUXIcD ]UPD? U WAILR?, HIRAIL_XIcD TFWBAU: Z? ?LH?EF TFWB-
Ac HI RIML?E R?HfB ?R?HB]HIW? KIERI, ?LUH HI PNBLUHB 3IMLI-
W? PZFPRI U Z? ?LH?EF EBMLF 3IMLIW? T?ADI. ?D?E RAILFD P?-
PDIXH?S gUh (LAUHHI[ hDFRI LBNBXI) X LXI LcSEI D?A\UH?c U
D?S MB LAUH_ U hUNUH_, RIR ZA?PRI[ ]IPDY HI KILHBS PD?N?HB
NB[; ?H_S ZNUAIMUXIBDP[ ]NBK XPB TFWBAU U ZNUTUXIBDP[ ZA?DH?
WX?KL[EU.
& NB[`, PLBAIHH_` UK LXF` LBNBX, RIML?B LBNBX? ?DTUXI-
BDP[ PD?AY L?AW?, ]D?T Z?PAFMUA? LA[ ?R?HB]H_` KIER?X, R?U HI
]BD_NB gFDI LIABB ZBNX?S ]BDXBNDU, TAUMIShBS R PNBLUHB, ]D?
XPB P?PDIXA[BD Z[DY X?PYE_` ]IPDBS LAUH_ NB[, P ZNUTIXR?c ]B-
D_NB` gFD; Z?D?E ?DTUXIcD Z?PNBLUHB ZN[EFc AUHUc U, Z?A?MI
XXBN` ?D ?DNFTI ]BD_NB gFDI LA[ PZFPRI, ?DDFLI ?LHF X?PYEFc
LAUH_ NB[ LA[ PNBLUH_ U PD?AYR? MB HI LNFW?E T?RF LA[ LAUH_
KIERI ?D PNBLUH_ L? R?HfI NIKLBA[cD HI ]BD_NB ]BDXBNDU;
TAUMH[[ ]IPDY R PNBLUHB BPDY ZBNXI[. :UIEBDN_ NB[ ?ZNBLBA[-
cDP[ HI PNBLUHB: F ZBNX?S ]BDXBNDU Z? RIMLFc PD?N?HF
30
/
31

LUIEBDNI, ]D? Z?PNBLUHB; X? XD?N?S ]BDXBNDU
7
/
8
, X DNBDBS ]BD-
XBNDU
7
/
9
; I F XHBhHU` R?Hf?X UAU H?R?X
3
/
7
. jIRUE ?TNIK?E, NBU
?DTUXIcD U ?TDBP_XIcD L? Z?RIKIHH?S D?A\UH_, I Z?D?E RIH-
DFcD (UAU Z?X?NI]UXIcD) U ?DTUXIcD PNBLHcc AUHUc HI ?LH?S
UK DB` PD?N?H, I PNBLUHF U ]BDXBNDU ]BD_NB WNIH[D HI ?H?S ?D
PNBLHBS AUHUU HI ZBNX?S PD?N?HB U ?DEBNUXIcD DB MB LUIEBDN_,
]D? U ZNBMLB; Z?D?E ?DTUXIcD U LBAIcD ZBNZBHLURFA[NH? R
XBN`HBS PD?N?HB. "R?HB]H_B KIERU ?DTUXIcD ZN[E? ?D RIML?S
]BDXBNDU TAUMB R PNBLUHB L? ?LH?S ]BDXBND?S ]IPDU D?A\UH_ F
D?S ]BDXBNDU, R?D?NI[ TAUMB R ?DNFTF, U L? DNB` ]BDXBND_` F
]BDXBNDU TAUMHBS R PNBLUHB; I PZFPRU Z?]DU L? DNB` LcSE F ?D-
NFTI. jIR?X_E ?TNIK?E WN?DI U g?RI-NBU LBAIcDP[ D?AYR? LA[
T?AYhU` R?NITABS.
69
"P?T_S PZ?P?T LBAIDY X_hBPRIKIHH_B NBU UK LXF` LBNBX

/BU, LBAIBE_B UK LXF` LBNBX, R?WLI P?BLUHBH_ ?R?HB]-
H_EU KIERIEU, PIE_B RNBZRUB. 1` LBAIcD PABLFc\UE ?TNIK?E:
LXI LBNBXI Z?DNBTH?S XBAU]UH_ P?BLUH[cD XEBPDB KIERIEU DIR,
]D?T LUIEBDN_ U` T_AU LIABB gUhBS. -BL?PDID?R LUIEBDNI HI-
PDIXA[BDP[ L?AWUEU P?PH?X_EU gUhIEU, D?A\UH?c ?D ]BD_NB`
L? hBPDU LcSE DIR, RIR D?A\UHI NB[ Z?DNBTFBD, R?D?N_[ U ZN?-
L?AMIcDP[ HI LXI gFDI X LAUHF P RIMLIW? R?HfI KI ZN?L?AW?XI-
D_S ]BD_NBFW?AYHUR HI KILHBS PD?N?HB U RIMLI[ UK HU` L?X?AY-
H?S hUNUH_ LA[ PLBAIHU[ X?PYEUWNIHHURI HI XHBhHBS PD?N?HB.
&HFDNBHHU[ Z?XBN`H?PDU gUhBS P?BLUH[cDP[ ZN?PD_EU KIERI-
EU U PZAI]UXIcDP[ ZA?DH? R NB[E, U PUU KIERU ZN?PDUNIcDP[
Z?]DU X? XPc LAUHF. 1` ?DTUXIcD X?PYEUWNIHH_EU, HI ?LHF
]BDXBNDY X RIMLFc PD?N?HF ?D PNBLUH_; ?PDID?R ?RNFWAUXIcD,
RN?EB KILHBS PD?N?H_, R?D?NFc ?PDIXA[cD WNIHBH?c HI LXB ]BD-
XBNDU X RIMLFc PD?N?HF. ? ZNUFW?D?XABHUU KIR?AI]UXIcD T?A-
D_ P ZBNBLHBS U KILHBS PD?N?H_ Z?ZBNBEBHH? EBMLF TFWBA[EU,
R?D?N_[ NIPZ?A?MBH_ RIR ?T_RH?XBHH?.
NUEB]IHUB. lIEBDUDY L?AMH?, ]D? NBS T_A T_ RNBZ]B, BPAU T_ gUhU HB P?BLUH[B-
E_ T_AU KIERIEU HI HBR?D?N?B NIPPD?[HUB ?D PNBLUH_, Z?BAURF ?HU ZNU-
]UH[cD NIPPAITABHUB ?R?HB]H_E KIERIE WAIXH_` hDFR. /BU, HIPDIXA[B-
E_B X LAUHF F ]BDXBNDBS, UEBcD PX?U ?R?HB]H_B KIERU, ?TDBPIHH_B ZN[-
E? U HB HIUPR?PY. "R?HB]H?S KIE?R X H?R?X?S HIPDIXRB L?AMBH ZNU`?LUDY
ZA?DH? HI [K_R ]D? HI NBB, HI R?D?NFc ?H HIR?AI]UXIBDP[, HIMUXIBDP[
ZA?DH? U PRNBZA[BDP[ DNBE[ T?ADIEU, I R?Hf_ PBW? KIERI ZNUTUXIcDP[
WX?KL[EU. ?D?E NBS ?RNFWAUXIcD U ?PDNFWUXIcD WAILR?, HIR?AI]UXIcD
HI HBW? ]BD_NB TFWBA[ Z? ?LH?EF HI RIML?E R?HfB U LXI ZN?EBMLF UEU X
NIXH?E NIPPD?[HUU.
-UMHUB NBU, LBAIBE_B LA[ gNBWID?X U ZN?]U` PFL?X UK
?LH?W? LBNBXI, hBPDHILfIDU WNIH[D U ?RNFWAUXIcD, RIR ZNBMHUB.
4INPI-NBU
*
LBAIcDP[ XPBWLI UK ?LH?W? LBNBXI, U`

*
3IMLI[ EI]DI, TFLF]U ZN?L?AMBHI XXBN`, UEBBD ZNU PBTB HB ?LHF, H? EH?W? NIK-
AU]H?S XBAU]UH_ NBBX, R?D?N_B ?D EI]D HIUEBH?XIHUB PX?B Z?AF]IcD. 1EBHH? NBU,
P?TPDXBHH? ZNU EI]DI` HI`?L[\UBP[, HIK_XIcDP[ HUMHUB NBU P ZNUTIXABHUBE UEB-
HU D?S EI]D_, ZNU R?BS ?HU HI`?L[DP[, RIR HIZNUEBN: (ZNU WN?D-EI]DB) WN?DI-NBU U
ZN?]., HIL HUMHUEU NB[EU XXBN` P?PD?[\UB NBU ZNU PDBHWI` UEBHFcDP[ EINPI NBU P
ZNUTIXABHUBE UEBHU PX?BS PDBHWU, RIR HIZNUEBN: (ZNU g?N-PDBHWB) g?N-EINPI-NBU U
ZN?]., HIL EINPI-NB[EU XXBN` HI`?L[DP[ ZNU TNIE-PDBHWI` NBU, UEBHFBE_B TNIE-
NBU, I ZNU T?E-TNIE-PDBHWI` T?E-TNIE-NBU P ZNUTIXABHUBE UEBHU TNIE-PDBHW, ZNU
R?U` ?H HI`?LUDP[; RIR HIZNUEBN: WN?D-TNIE-NBS, RNcP-T?E-TNIE-NBS U ZN?]. 3N?-
EB X_hB PRIKIHH_`, BPDY NBU P ?P?TBHH_E HIKXIHUBE, RIR-D?: TAUHLI-NBS, AUPBAY-
NBS U ZN?]. DIRMB ZN?L?AMBHU[ ?D NBBX UAU X_PDNBA_ ?D HU` UEBcD PX?B HIUEBH?-
XIHUB: AUPBAY-hZUND_. "T? XPBE ?H?E, WLB PABLFBD, TFLBD Z?RIKIH?.
70
hBPDHILfIDU WNIH[D U ?RNFWAUXIcD, X_PDNFWIX WAILR? U ]UPD? ?D
ZBNX?S ]BDXBNDU Z? RIMLFc PD?N?HF ?D PNBLUH_ R XHBhHUE
R?HfIE; ZNU ?R?HB]H?PD[` R?U` LBAIcD hRUXH_[ LUN_ ?D XBN`-
HBS PD?N?H_ HIPRX?KY XHUK Z? LAUHB NB[ LA[ ZN?`?LF X ?H_B XB-
NBXRU, UEBHFBE?S NUg-DIAU-hRBHRBAY.
jIR HIK_XIBE_B TNIE-NBU, T?E-TNIE-NBU, TBWUH-NBS,
TAUHLI-NBS, AUPBAY U LNIXBN-NBU LBAIcDP[ UK ?LH?W? LBNBXI, U`
?TDBP_XIcD X?PYEUWNIHH_EU, Z?D?E ?RNFWAUXIcD U ?PDNFWUXI-
cD WAILR? ?D R?HfI L? R?HfI ]NBK XPc U` LAUHF, ?PDIXA[[ WNIHU
Z?PNBLUHB NB[ Z?]DU HI Z[DFc ]IPDY U` LAUH_. -IZ?PABL?R WU-
RU, WIgBAU, FDABWINU U AUPBAY-hZUND_ LBAIcDP[ UK ?LH?W? LBNB-
XI, KILHUS R?HBf F ?H_` T_XIBD D?A\B, I R LNFW?EF U` R?HfF
?TPDNFWUXIcDP[ D?HBB U ?TLBA_XIcD P??TNIKH? U` FZ?DNBTAB-
HUc.
jIRUE ?TNIK?E, NFR?X?LPDXF[PY ZNIXUAIEU, ZNUFW?D?X-
A[cDP[ NBU LA[ AUHBSH_` PFL?X, NIPZ?A?MBHUB MB U HIUEB-
H?XIHUB 3IMLIW? UK ?H_` BPDY HUMBPABLFc\BB.
NUEB]IHUB. &??T\B HI XPB` PFLI` NBU ?ZNBLBA[cDP[ ZN?Z?NfU?HIAYH? hUNUHB
PFLHI; ?H_B ?TLBA_XIcDP[ Z?L?TH? X_hBPRIKIHH_E U T?AYhBc ]IPDUc
?PDIXA[cD HIPNBLUHB U` HBPR?AYR? X?PYEUWNIHH_EU, I R R?HfIE ?PDNFWU-
XIcD RNFWA?, X_RAc]I[ HUMHUB NBU HI RFZB]BPRU` PFLI`, F R?D?N_` ?P-
DIXA[cD HI U` H?RI` ]BD_NB`FW?AYH_[ ]IPDU LA[ hRUXH_` LUN U hZUND-
TFWBABS.
71
3#U%#35+ )++%. 6+)'+f II, -2#3 % > a
^N?DI-NBU (I).
Main yard. Grande vergue.
$IE?S T?AYh?S NBS (HIK_XIBE_S HUMHUS NBS) HI`?LUD-
P[ ZNU WN?D-EI]DB (III), XUPUD Z?L WN?D-EINP?E (VII) U LBAIBDP[
UK PA?MH_` LBNBX, PRNBZABHH_` EBMLF P?T?c KIERIEU, T?ADIEU,
U TFWBA[EU; R PBEF NBc ZNUP?BLUH[BDP[ PIE_S T?AYh?S ZINFP.
$NBLHU[ ZAIHRU (I).
AIHRU, ZNUTUXIBE_[ WX?KL[EU HI ZBNBLHBS PD?N?HB F
HUMHU` NBBX, X NIPPD?[HUU HI ?LUH LUIEBDN NB[ Z? RIMLFc PD?-
N?HF ?D PNBLUH_ BW?.
$D?Z-ZAIHRU (b).
AIHRU, ZNUTUD_[ R ZBNBLHBS U KILHBS PD?N?HB NB[ HB-
EH?W? ?DPDFZ[ ?D BW? H?RF
*
.
NUEB]IHUB. $D?Z-ZAIHRU HIR?AI]UXIcDP[ X NIKH_` EBPDI` Z? NBc, PE?DN[ Z? HI-
L?TH?PDU, ?H_[ PAFMID FL?TPDX?E, LIT_ HIA?MBHH_[ HI NBS XBNBXRU HB
PR?AYKUAU U ?PDIXIAUPY T_ X ?ZNBLBABHH?E U` Z?A?MBHUU. AIHRU PUU
ZNUTUXIcD U ZNU ?R?H]IHUU H?R?X ?D ?R?HB]H?PDU XHFDNY NB[, R?D?N_[ U
PAFMID FLBNMIHUBE HIA?MBHHIW? HI H?R-NB[ DIRBAIMI; XZN?]BE, HI EIA_`
NB[` ZNU ?TLBA_XIHUU ?H_` UK fBAYHIW? LBNBXI, ?PDIXA[cD X PBE EBPDB
KIZAB]URU, HIK_XIBE_B \?RU, R?D?N_EU U FLBNMUXIBDP[ HIA?MBHH_S HI
H?R-NB[ DIRBAIM.
pZUND-TFWBAU (P).
The stubbing-fuil boom-irons.
Cercles des boute hors des bon nettes.
sBABKH_B TFWBAU (LA[ AUPBAY-hZUND?X), ZNURNBZABHH_B
R NBc P ?TBU` BW? R?Hf?X, ?LUH HI PIE?S ?R?HB]H?PDU P? XPDIX-
ABHH_E X HBE N?FAYP?E (RIDR?E); I LNFW?S ZNUR?AI]UXIBDP[ HB-
EH?W? ?DPDFZ[ ?D DNBDBS ]BDXBNDU X? XHFDNY NB[ U ?DRAIL_XIBDP[
HI hIAHBNB; ZBNX?S UK HU` HIK_XIBDP[ ZBNBLHUS, I XD?N?S
KILHUS TFWBAY AUPBAY-hZUNDI; UT? PRX?KY ?H_B TFWBAU X_PDNB-
AUXIcDP[ (X_LXUWIcDP[) ?P?TBHHIW? N?LF ZNU NB[` HI`?L[\U[P[
LBNBXY[, HIK_XIBE_[ AUPBAY-hZUND_, ?H_[ PAFMID R FXBAU]UXI-
HUc NB[ HI ?TB BW? PD?N?H_.

*
q XPB` NBBX, P?PD?[\U` ZNU EI]DI` W?NUK?HDIAYH?, XHBhHUB RNI[ HIK_XIcDP[
H?RU, NIXH? RIR U PIE_B U` ?R?HB]H?PDU; XZN?]BE, NIKFEBDY L?AMH?, ]D? H?R F RI-
MLIW? NB[ UEBBD ?ZNBLBABHH?B PX?B (?D ?R?HB]H?PDU XHFDNY NB[) ZN?PDNIHPDX?, RIR
HIZNUEBN; F WN?DI-NB[ (1) HI ?TI BW? H?RI TBNBDP[
1
/
10
XPBS BW? LAUH_, F g?RI-NBU (5)
1
/
9
BW? LAUH_ U ZN?].
72
^N?D-EINPI-NBS (2).
Main topsail yard. Verque de grand hunier.
-IL WN?DI-NBBE (1) X_hB D?ZI EI]D_ (III), ZNUP?BLU-
HBHH_S R PDBHWB NBS; ?H_S LBAIBDP[ UK ?LH?W? fBAYHIW? LBNBXI U
Z?L?TH? ZBNX?EF HIR?AI]UXBDP[ HI HBE ZAIHRU X HILABMI\BE
EBPDB, I HI H?RU HIRAIL_XIcDP[ hZUND-TFWBAU LA[ X_PDNBAUXI-
HU[ PRX?KY ?H_B EINP?X_` AUPBAY-hZUND?X U LA[ FXBAU]UXIHU[
EINPI-NB[ HI ?TB BW? PD?N?H_. 3 PBEF NBc ZNUP?BLUH[BE_S ZI-
NFP HIK_XIBDP[ EINPBAY.
NUEB]IHUB. -I EINPI-NB[` hZUND-TFWBAU ?T_RH?XBHH? LBAIcDP[ P? hZUND?X_E
R?AYf?E, U ?TF` P BNh?E XR?AI]UXIBDP[ X PNBLUHF U` R?Hf?X ZINIAABAYH?
?PU NB[, U MBABKH?S TFWBAY XZFPRIBDP[ X? XPc PX?c D?A\UHF U ZNUTUXI-
BDP[ WX?KL[EU, ]D?T HB LIDY H?RF NB[ NIPR?A?DYP[. q <HWAU]IH HI EINPI-
NB[` KILHUB hZUND-TFWBAU LBAIcDP[ MBABKH_B, Z?L?TH? RIR HI HUMHU`
NB[`, U ZNUTUXIcDP[ X ?ZNBLBABHH?E EBPDB; X HIhBE MB gA?DB XEBPD?
KILHU` TFWBABS EINP?X_B-AUPBAY-hZUND_ ZNU`XID_XIcDP[ (ZNUX[K_XI-
cDP[ HIPR?NB) HISD?X?E R EINPI-NBc.
^N?D-TNIE-NBS (3).
Main topgallant yard. Verque de grand perroquet.
-IL EINPI-NBBE (2) X_hB PIAUHWI ZNUP?BLUHBHH_S R
TNIE-PDBHWB NBS; LBAIBDP[ UK ?LH?W? LBNBXI, UEBBD HI H?RI` PX?-
U` X ?ZNBLBABHH?E EBPDB PLBAIHH_[ \?RU, UAU HIR?A?]BHH_[
ZAIHRU, R?D?N_[ ZNUTUXIcDP[ DIRMB U HI PNBLUHB. -I ?R?HB]-
H?PDY MB PBW? NB[ HIRAIL_XIcDP[ TFWBAU DIRMB U ?TF`U P BNhI-
EU, XR?AI]UXIcDP[ X PNBLUHF U` R?Hf?X ZINIAABAYH? ?PU NB[. 3
TNIE-NBc ZNUP?BLUH[BE_S ZINFP HIK_XIBDP[ TNIEPBAY.
^N?D-T?E-TNIE-NBS (4).
Main-Royal yard. Verque de grand perroquet valan.
-IL TNIE-NBBE (3) X_hB TNIE-PIAUHWI ZNUP?BLUHBHH_S R
T?E-TNIE-PDBHWB NBS; LBAIBDP[ UK ?LH?W? LBNBXI, U BPDY PIE_S
XBN`HUS NBS, R HBEF ZNUP?BLUH[BE_S ZINFP HIK_XIBDP[ T?E-
TNIEPBAY.
NUEB]IHUB. 1K X_hBZ?RIKIHHIW? KIEBDUDY L?AMH?, ]D? WN?D-EI]DI (III) UEBBD ZNU
PBTB ]BD_NB WAIXH_` NB[, ?LUH HIL LNFWUE NIPZ?A?MBHH_B; DIRUE ?TNI-
K?E, U ZN?]U[ EI]D_ P?LBNMID ZNU PBTB Z? ]BD_NB WAIXH_` NB[ Z?L?TH?
ZBNX_E; R?D?N_B DIRMB HIUEBH?XIHUB PX?B UEBcD ?D EI]D U ?D ZN?]U`
ZNUP?BLUHBHH_` R HUE LBNBXYBX, ZNU R?U` ?HB HI`?L[DP[; H? NIKEBNBHUBE
PX?UE HI WN?D-EI]DB (III) PIE_B T?AYhUB, HI g?R-EI]DB (II) PNBLHUB, I HI
TUKIHY-EI]DB (IV) PIE_B EIA_B, X ZN?Z?NfUU ?LHI R LNFW?S NBU.
o?RI-NBS (5).
Fore-yard. Vergue de misain.
-UMHUS NBS ZNU g?R-EI]DB (II) XUPUD Z?L g?N-EINP?E
(VIII), LBAIBDP[ UK PA?MH_` LBNBX, PRNBZABHH_` EBMLF P?T?c
KIERIEU, T?ADIEU U TFWBA[EU; XZN?]BE, X? XPBE
73
Z?L?TBH U UEBBD DB MB ZNUHILABMH?PDU, ]D? WN?DI-NBU (1), H?
NIKEBNBHUBE HBEH?W? EBHBB BW?. o?RI-NBS BPDY WAIXH_S NBS HI
g?R-EI]DB.
o?N-EINPI-NBU (6).
Fore topsail yard. Vergue du petit hunier.
o?N-TNIE-NBS (7).
Fore topgallant yard. Vergue de petit perroquet.
o?N-T?E-TNIE-NBS (8).
Fore royal yard. Vergue de petit perroquet volant.
/BU ZNU ZN?L?AMIc\U`P[ XXBN` ?D g?R-EI]D_ (II) LB-
NBXY[`, NIPZ?A?MBHH_B DIRUE MB ?TNIK?E, RIR NBU (2, 3, 4) ZNU
WN?D-EI]DB (III) P?PD?[\UB, LBAIcDP[ UK ?LH?W? LBNBXI U UEBcD
ZNU PBTB XPB ZNUHILABMH?PDU, Z?L?TH_[ ZBNX_E, H? NIKEBNBHU-
BE PX?UE HBPR?AYR? R?N?]B ?H_`.
>UKIHY-NBS (9).
Mizen yard. Vergue d'artimon.
>?AYh?S NBS (HI ZAIHB $ HB Z?RIKIH) ZNU TUKIHY-EI]DB
(IV) XUPUD Z?L RNcP-EINP?E (IX) XL?AY R?NITA[; NIKEBNBHUBE
PX?UE
1
/
6
]IPDYc EBHBB WN?DI-NB[ (1), LBAIBDP[ UK ?LH?W? LBNBXI,
R? XHBhHBEF R?HfF PZFPRIBDP[ D?HBB, I HUMHUS R?HBf ?DZUAUXI-
BDP[ ZBNZBHLURFA[NH? R ?PU NB[. /IPPD?[HUB F PBW? NB[ ?D XHBh-
H[W? R?HfI L? TUKIHY-EI]D_ P?PDIXA[BD T?AYhFc Z?A?XUHF XPB-
W? NB[ U HIK_XIBDP[ TUKIHY-Nc. INFP, ZNUP?BLUH[BE_S R PBEF
NBc, HIK_XIBDP[ TUKIHY; H? RIR H_HB HIhAU FL?THBB ZNUP?BLU-
H[DY TUKIHY R WIgBAc, D? TUKIHY-NBS X?XPB X_hBA UK FZ?DNBTAB-
HU[.
>BWBH-NBS (9). The cross-jack yard.
Vergue sech, vergue barre, ou vergue de fouge.
-UMHUS NBS HI TUKIHY-EI]DB (IV) XUPUD Z?L RNcP-
EINP?E (IX), LBAIBDP[ UK ?LH?W? fBAYHIW? LBNBXI, NIKEBNBHUBE
PX?UE Z?]DU NIXBH WN?D-EINPI-NBc (2). >BWBH-NBS HB UEBBD ZNU
PBTB HURIR?W? ZINFPI.
3NcPBAY-NBS (10).
Mizen topsail yard. Vergue de per roquet fougue.
3NcP-TNIE-NBS (11).
Mizen topgallant yard. Vergue de Perroquet.
3NcP-T?E-TNIE-NBS (12).
Mizen royal yard. Vergue de petit perroquet volan.
/BU ZNU ZN?L?AMIc\U`P[ XXBN` ?D TUKIHY-EI]D_ (IV)
LBNBXY[`, NIPZ?A?MBHH_B DIRUE MB ?TNIK?E, RIR U HI ZN?]U`
EI]DI` (II, III), LBAIcDP[ UK ?LH?W? LBNBXI; RNcPBAY-NBS NIXBH
WN?D-TNIE-NBc (3), I ZN?]UB LXI (12 U 13) EBHBB BW? U ZN?Z?N-
fU?HIAYH? FEBHYhBH_ ?LUH ZN?DUXF LNFWIW?.
74
>AUHLI-NBS (13).
The sprit-sail yard. Vergue de civadiere.
$UE UEBHBE HIK_XIBDP[ ZNUP?BLUHBHH_S NBS R TFhZNU-
DF (1), ?H_S XUPUD W?NUK?HDIAYH? Z?L TFhZNUD?E HBEH?W? HUMB
BW? mKBAYW?gDI (XIII); PAFMUD T?ABB LA[ PHIPDBS, ULF\U` ?D FD-
ABWIN[ (XVII) U T?E-FDABWIN[ (XVIII), LBAIBDP[ UK ?LH?W? LBNBXI
U NIKEBNBHUBE PX?UE Z?]DU NIXBH g?N-EINPI-NBc (6); ZNUP?BLU-
H[BE_S R HBEF ZINFP HIK_XIBDP[ TAUHL.
NUEB]IHUB. &_hB TAUHLI-NB[ (13) HI TFhZNUDB T_A NBS, ZNUP?BLUHBHH_S R FDAB-
WINc (XVII), ?H_S HIK_XIAP[ T?E-TAUHLI-NBS. The sprit topsail yard. La
vergue de Contre-civadiere. $BS NBS HISLBH X?XPB TBPZ?ABKH_E, Z?]BEF U
X_RAc]BH P?XPBE UK FZ?DNBTABHU[. q <HWAU]IH HI HBR?D?N_` EBARU` PF-
LI` TAUHLI NBS UEBcD PXBN` TFhZNUDI; PUB LBAIcD LA[ D?W?, LIT_ ZNU
PUAYH?S RUABX?S RI]RB FL?THBB E?MH? T_A? Z?X?N?DUDY BW? XL?AY TFh-
ZNUDI U ]NBK D? UKTIXUDY FLINBHUS BW? ?T X?LF U DBE ?TABW]UDY TFhZNUD.
^UR (14). Main boom. Gui.
"D TUKIHY-EI]D_ (IV) ZN[E?B LBNBX?, ABMI\BB XL?AY
PFLHI, HBEH?W? HB RIPI[PY WIRIT?NDI (PIEI[ XBN`H[[ ]IPDY R?N-
E_).
NUEB]IHUB. ^URU UEBcD PX?U LUIEBDN_, ?DEBNBHH_B ?D ZN[E?S AUHUU, ?DTUD?S
XL?AY Z?PNBLUHB, RIR F EINPI-NB[. :IHH_S LUIEBDN X DITAUfB NIKEBN?X
?DEBNUXIcD HI PNBLUHB F ZBNX?S ]BDXBNDU, HI RIML?E T?RF
40
/
41
]IPDBS
LUIEBDNI Z?PNBLUHB, F XD?N?S
11
/
12
, F DNBDBS
5
/
6
; I F R?Hf?X
2
/
3
D?W? LUI-
EBDNI. ?D?E U` ?DTUXIcD L? Z?RIKIHH?S D?A\UH_, ?TDBP_XIcD U X_-
PDNFWUXIcD WAILR?.
&HFDNBHHUS R?HBf ?T_RH?XBHH? LBAIcD P FPIEU UAU AIZ?c UK LFT?-
XIW? LBNBXI; PUU AIZ_ ?THUEIcD Z?A?XUHF LUIEBDNI EI]D_. &HFDNBHH[[
]IPDY BPDY
1
/
4
D?W?, ]D? ?PDIBDP[ HI RIML?S PD?N?HB U ?DDFLI PZFPRIBDP[
N?XH_E FPDFZ?E L? D?A\UH_ XHFDNBHH[W? R?HfI WURI, P R?D?N_E ?HI P?-
BLUH[BDP[ ?R?HB]H_E KIER?E P [K_R?E X LXI gFDI LAUH?c, ?TDBP_XIBDP[
X R?HfB WURI, ?RNFWAUXIBDP[ U Z?D?E ZNURNBZA[BDP[ T?ADIEU, TFWBA[EU U
WX?KL[EU F R?Hf?X. "LHI UAU LXB LUN_ ZN?XBN]UXIcDP[ PRX?KY PNBLUHF
RIML?S AIZ_ X HIZNIXABHUU XL?AY PFLHI LA[ NIRP?X, R?D?N_[ ZNUP?BLU-
H[cD WUR R EI]DB; XHFDNBHH?PDY MB F AIZ ?TUXIcD R?MBc.
&R?AI]UXIcD ?TF` PRX?KY PNBLUHF ?D XBN`HBS PD?N?H_ EBMLF X_BE-
RIEU U ?R?HB]HIW? KIERI U KIRABZ_XIcD HI R?AYfB Z?L HUK?E LA[ KIRNBZ-
ABHU[ ZINFPHIW? WIAPI. -I XHBhHBE MB R?HfB WURI XHFDNU ZN?LIATAUXIcD
hRUXHFc LUNF LA[ hR?DI; I HI PIE?S R?HBf HIRAIL_XIcD TFWBAY U XR?AI-
]UXIcD ?TF` P BNh?E X PNBLUHF R?HfI ZINIAABAYH? BW? ?PU.
1H?WLI HI XHFDNBHHBE R?HfB WURI XEBPD? AIZ_ LBAIcD MBABKH?B Fh-
R?, ZNURNBZABHH?B R WURF T?ADIEU U TFWBA[EU U ZNUTUD?B WX?KL[EU Z?
R?HfIE. qhR? PUB HIRAILXIBDP[ HI RNcR, FDXBNMLBHH_S X TFWBAB X?RNFW
EI]D_. -I EIA_` MB PFLI` LBAIcD ?TNIDH?, D. B. ZINIAABAYH? ?PU WURI
XR?AI]UXIcD RNcR U KIRAIL_XIcD ?H_S X FhR?, FDXBNMLBHH?B X TFWBAB
X?RNFW EI]D_ XK[D?E, U R?HBf RNcRI KIRAIL_XIcD ]BR?c UAU KIX[K_XIcD
RIT?AR?c PRX?KY LUNF, PLBAIHHFc X R?HfB RNcRI, ]D?T ?H HB X_PR?]UA.
75
? ?TBUE PD?N?HIE WURI ZNUTUXIcDP[ Z? FL?TH?PDU X NIKH_` EBPDI`
ZAIHRU P? hRUXIEU, PAFMI\U[ LA[ ZBNBHBPBHU[ hR?DI X? XNBE[ FEBHY-
hBHU[ ZINFPI ZNU TUKIHY-EI]DB U WURB P?PD?[\BW?; I UH_[ ZAIHRU PAFMID
FL?TPDX?E LA[ ZN?`?LF XBNBX?R, UEBHFBE_` WURI-D?ZBHIHD_.
^IgBAY (15). Gaff. Pic vergue a corne.
$KILU TUKIHY-EI]D_ Z?L FW?A?E R HBS HI`?L[\BBP[ LB-
NBX?, UAU R?N?DRUS hBPD, X_LIXhUSP[ ?D ?H?S EI]D_; PAFMUD
LA[ ZNUP?BLUHBHU[ R HBEF U R EI]DB ZINFPI TUKIHU, DIRMB U
R?HDNI-TUKIHU.
NUEB]IHUB. q WIgBABS LUIEBDN_ ?DEBNUXIcD ?D ZN[E?S AUHUU, ?DTUD?S XL?AY
PNBLUH_, U LAUH_ U` Z?AIWIcD, ?DPDFZ[ 18 LcSE?X XXBN` ?D D?APDIW?
R?HfI, ?D ?HIW? MB ?DEBNUXIcD 4 gFDI LA[ ?R?HB]HIW? KIERI HI AIZF, WLB
U RAILFD LIHH_S LUIEBDN UK DITAUf_ NIKEBN?X; ?D R?BW? LAUHF BW? NIK-
LA[cD HI ]BD_NB ]BDXBNDU; ?DEBNUX
40
/
41
]IPDBS LIHHIW? LUIEBDNI F ZBN-
X?S ]BDXBNDU,
11
/
12
F XD?N?S,
4
/
5
F DNBDBS U
5
/
9
F XHBhH[W? R?HfI. ?D?E U`
?DTUXIcD L? ?LH?S D?A\UH_, ?RNFWAUXIcD U ?PDNFWUXIcD WAILR?. rIZ_
LBAIcD U ?RIH]UXIcD Z?L?TH? WUR?X_E; H? RIR WIgBAU L?AMH_ ?D?ZU-
XIDYP[ (X?KX_hIDYP[) PD?AY EH?W? X_hB W?NUK?HDIAYHIW? Z?A?MBHU[, D? U
AIZ_ U` UEBcD X_BERF ?DA?MB, ]BE F WURI. -I XHFDNBHHBS U` ]IPDU DIRMB
XR?AI]UXIcD ?TF` PXBN`F HIPRX?KY U KIRABZ_XIcD BW? Z?L HUK?E LA[ XB-
NBXRU, UEBHFBE?S WIgBAY-W?NLBAY, I LNFW?S ?TF` XR?AI]UXIcD P HUMHBS
PD?N?H_ LA[ H?R-TBHKBA[ U WIgBAY-HUNIAI. -I XHBhHUS R?HBf HIRAIL_XI-
BDP[ TFWBAY U XR?AI]UXIBDP[ ?TF` X PNBLUHF ZINIAABAYH? WIgBAYH?S ?PU, I
Z? T?RIE ZNUTUXIcDP[, ?DPDFZ[ ?D R?HfI BW? HI LUIEBDN, PD?Z-ZAIHRU;
?H_[ PAFMID FL?TPDX?E, LIT_ HIA?MBHH_[ HI H?R-WIgBA[ XBNBXRU HB
PR?AYKUAU U ?PDIXIAUPY T_ X ?LUHIR?X?E Z?A?MBHUU.
:NISXBN-hZUND (16').
Drewet-boom. Vergu de Tangon de paille-en-cul.
$UE UEBHBE HIK_XIBDP[ NBS, R?D?N?S ABMUD Z?LAB PIEI-
W? WIRIT?NDF Z?ZBNBR R?NE_ HI T?NDF R?NITA[; ?H_S LBAIBDP[ UK
?LH?W? LBNBXI, NIKEBNBHUBE PX?UE NIXBH WN?D-EINPI-NBc. $AF-
MUD LA[ hR?D?X ZINFPI, HIK_XIBEIW? LNISXBN; hR?D_ PUU ZN?-
`?L[D X HIN?]H? PLBAIHH_[ LA[ HU` LUN_ P? hRUXIEU HI RIML?E
R?HfB PBW? NB[; RIR ZINFP, DIR U NBS, H_HB X_hAU X?XPB UK FZ?D-
NBTABHU[.
:NISXBN-NBS (17').
Drever-yard. Vergu de paille-encal.
$UE UEBHBE HIK_XIBDP[ NBS, PAFMI\US LA[ ZNUX[K_XI-
HU[ R HBEF ZINFPI, HIK_XIBEIW? LNISXBN; ?H_S NIKEBNBHUBE
PX?UE XZ?A?XUHF EBHBB LNISXBN-hZUNDI (16) U LBAIBDP[ XPBWLI
UK ?LH?W? LBNBXI, Z?L?TH? TNIE-NBc (3). &? XNBE[ NIPZF\BHU[
ZNUP?BLUHBHHIW? R HBEF ZINFPI Z?LHUEIBDP[ ?H_S NBS gIA?E R
H?RF WIgBA[ (15); H? H_HB, RIR X_hB PRIKIH?, ZINFP U NBS BW?
X_hAU UK FZ?DNBTABHU[.
76
rUPBAY-hZUND (16). Studding-sail booms.
N[E?B LBNBX?, ZNUP?BLUHBHH?B R HUMHBEF NBc Z?PNBL-
PDX?E TFWBABS, ]NBK R?D?N_B ?H? X_PDNBAUXIBDP[ (X_LXUWIBDP[)
?D HUMH[W?-NB[ XT?R U PAFMUD FL?TPDX?E R ZNUP?BLUHBHUc ]NBK
BW? P? PD?N?H R?NITA[ ZINFP?X, HIK_XIBE_` AUPBAU. rUPBAY-
hZUND LBAIBDP[ UK ?LH?W? LBNBXI, XHFDNBHHUS R?HBf BW? ?PDIX-
A[cD D?A\B, I R? XHBhHBEF PZFPRIcD HBEH?W? D?HBB HIPD?[\IW?
LUIEBDNI; LAUH?c NIXH[BDP[ Z?A?XUHB PX?BW? NB[, I D?A\UHI
1
/
60

LAUH_.
NUEB]IHUB. q HUMHU` NBBX, D? BPDY F g?RI U WN?DI, P ?TBU` R?Hf?X U` ZNUP?BLU-
HBHH_B ]NBK TFWBA[ AUPBAY-hZUND_, HIKXIHUB PX?B UEBcD P ZNUA?MBHUBE
UEBHU NB[, ZNU R?BE ?HB HI`?L[DP[, RIR HIZNUEBN: AUPBAY-hZUND WN?D?-
X_S U AUPBAY-hZUND g?R?X_S.
3 EINPI-NB[E (2, 6) DIRUE MB ?TNIK?E Z?PNBLPDX?E TFWBABS ZNUP?BLU-
H[cDP[ U ]NBK ?H_B X_PDNBAUXIcDP[ EINP?X_B-AUPBAY hZUND_, R?D?N_B
LBAIcDP[ Z?L?TH? ZBNX_E, H? NIKEBNBHUBE PX?UE W?NIKL? EBHBB U D?HY-
hB U`, U BPDY ZN?Z?NfU?HIAYH_ PX?UE NB[E. "HU PAFMID R ZNUP?BLUHB-
HUc P? PD?N?H R?NITA[ ZINFP?X, HIK_XIBE_` TNIE-AUPBAU. -I UH_` PFLI`
U HI TNIE-NB[` (3, 7) LBAIcD AUPBAY-hZUND_ LA[ ZNUP?BLUHBHU[ ZINFP?X,
HIK_XIBE_` T?E-TNIE-AUPBAU.
rUPBAY-hZUND_, HI`?L[PY ZNU PX?U` NB[`, ABMID DIRUE ?TNIK?E, ]D?
XHBhHUS U` R?HBf T_XIBD X_LXUHFD KI ZBNBLHUS hZUND-TFWBAY HI
1
/
5

]IPDY LAUH_ AUPBAY-hZUNDI, I KILHUS R?HBf ZNU`XID_XIBDP[ R NBc; R?WLI
MB Z?HIL?TUDP[ ?H_B X_PDNBAUDY (X_LXUHFDY), D? HUMHUB AUPBAY-hZUND_
X_PDNBAUXIcDP[ Z?PNBLPDX?E `XID-DIABS (NF]H_B ABWRUB DIAU); I XBN`HUB
Z?E?\Uc LAUHH_` hDBND?X (LAUHH_` R?Hf?X); ]D? XPBWLI ZN?UKX?LUDP[
EINP?X_EU (D? BPDY AcLYEU, HI`?L[\UEUP[ HI EINPB).
rUPBAY-NBS (17).
Studding-sail yard. Vergue de bonnettes.
-BT?AYh?S NBBR EBHBB XPB` ZN?]U` X_hB Z?RIKIHH_`
NBBX; R ?H?EF ZNUX[K_XIBDP[ ZINFP, UEBHFBE_S AUPBAY. &BAU]U-
HI AUPBAY-NB[ BPDY
4
/
7
]IPDU PX?BW? AUPBAY-hZUNDI.
NUEB]IHUB. rUPBAY-NBU HIKXIHUB PX?B Z?AF]IcD ?D AUPBABS, ZNU R?D?N_` ?HU
HI`?L[DP[, RIR-D?: F HUMHU` AUPBABS, D. B. F FHLBN-AUPBABS, NBS HIK_XIBD-
P[ FHLBN-AUPBAY-NBS, F PNBLHU` AUPBABS T?E-AUPBAY-NBS, I F XBN`HU` AU-
PBABS TNIE-AUPBAY-NBU; R?D?N_B X??T\B, XPB RIR X_hB T_A? PRIKIH?,
ZN?Z?NfU?HIAYH_ PX?UE AUPBAY-hZUNDIE.
3N?EB PU` AUPBAY-NBBX, Z?]DU HI XPB` <HWAUSPRU` R?NITA[` LBAIBDP[
?D T?NDF R?NITA[ X_PDNBA (PE. ]BNDBM X, gUW. 4), HIK_XIBE_S HUMHUS-NBS
LA[ FHLBN-AUPBA[, LAUHI ?HIW? HI 74-` ZFhB]. R?NITA[` T_XIBD L? 53 gFD,
D?A\UHI MB P?NIKEBNHI R LAUHB U R R?HfIE Z?PDBZBHH? FD?H]BHI. $BS
HUMHUS NBS FHLBN-AUPBA[ ZNUP?BLUH[BDP[ R T?NDF R?NITA[ Z?PNBLPDX?E
WIRI, FDXBNMLBHHIW? X ?LH?E BW? R?HfB, R?D?N_E KIRAIL_XIBDP[ KI ?TF` P
hBSR?c, ?R?A? gFDI LAUH_ UEBc\BS; DIR?XI[ LAUHI hBSRU F ?TF`I LBAI-
BDP[ LA[ D?W?, ]D?T NBS X PAF]IB HIL?TH?PDU A?MUAP[ ZA?DH? Z? T?NDF.
qZ?E[HFD?S MB ?TF` ?T_RH?XBHH? XR?AI]UXIBDP[ X T?ND R?NITA[ EBMLF
LBRIEU Z?KILU ZBNX?S ?D H?PF g?R?X?S XIHD-ZFDBH_ LA[ FDXBNMLBHU[ BW?
Z? ZNU]UHB LAUHH?S hBSRU, HIN?]H? XEBPDB P HUE ?DR?X_XIBDP[ MBABKHI[
Z?LZ?NRI, Z?LLBNMUXIc\I[
77
PHUKF hBSRF, ULF]U ?D ?H?S R?Hf?E PX?UE ZNURNBZA[BDP[ T?AD?E R T?NDF.
:NFW?S R?HBf PBW? X_PDNBAI FLBNMUXIBDP[ D?ZBHIHD?E, HIK_XIBE_E X_-
PDNBA-D?ZBHIHD, R?D?N?S, TFLF]U HIA?MBHH_E HI PIE_S R?HBf PBW? NB[,
ULBD XXBN` Z?KILU g?RI-NB[ (5) HI g?N-EINP (VIII) UAU HI g?N-PIAUHW
(XXII). 1H?WLI ?D R?HfI L? Z?A?XUH_ NB[ ZNUX[K_XIcD HBT?AYh?S hDBND
P R?FhBE U R ?H?EF ZNURNBZA[cD X_PDNBA-D?ZBHIHD. +MBAU Z?HIL?TUDP[
X_PDNBA PBS ?TNI\IDY R H?PF UAU R R?NEB, D? LA[ PBW? TBNBDP[ ?P?TBHH?S
LAUHH?S R?HBf, PNBLUH?c PX?Bc HIA?MBHH_S X_TAUH?]H_E FKA?E HI
XHBhHUS R?HBf X_PDNBAI; ZBNBLH[[ Z?A?XUHI R?HfI PBW? ULBD X R?Fh, HI
TAUHLI NBB ZNURNBZABHH_S U ?D ?HIW? X TA?R R mKBAYW?gDF TFhZNUDI ZNU-
X[KIHH_S, ZN?L?AMIBDP[ HI TIR, WLB U D[HBDP[. lILH[[ MB Z?A?XUHI PBW?
R?HfI, ZN?`?L[ X hRUX, X RAIEZB LA[ TFNFHLFRI XPDIXABHH_S, D[HBDP[ U
RNBZUDP[ HI XBN`HBS ZIAFTB. 3?WLI LBSPDXUB X_PDNBAI PBW? HBHFMH?, D?
LA[ FT?NRU BW? X_D[WUXIcD KILHUS R?HBf U, DBE ZNUXBL[ ?H_S R T?NDF,
ZNUX[K_XIcD HISD?X?E KI ?LUH UK ?TF`?X LA[ DNIZI XR?A?]BHH_S. ?AYKI
?D PBW? X_PDNBAI BPDY LX?[RI[. 1-[: Z?L ZINFPIEU ?H_S PZ?P?TPDXFBD U
?TABW]IBD PNBLPDX? R Z?PDIH?XABHUc ZINFPI FHLBN-AUPBA[, R?BW? hR?D U
WIAP ZN?`?L[D X TA?RU, Z? R?HfIE PBW? X_PDNBAI ZNUX[KIHH_B, ?D R?U`
X?P`?L[D HI R?NITAY, WLB U D[HFDP[; XZN?]BE, ?T_RH?XBHH?B Z?PDIH?XAB-
HUB PBW? ZINFPI, I HIUZI]B FT?NRI BW? ZNU HIhBLhBE XLNFW XBDNB ?]BHY
KIDNFLHUDBAYHI, ]D? ZNU Z?RIKIHH?E PZ?P?TB P?XBNhBHH? ?TABW]IBDP[; 2-
[: X? XNBE[ PD?[HU[ HI [R?NB X_PDNBA PBS FLBNMUXIBDP[ XEBPD? I`DBND?XI
X_hBFZ?E[HFD_E R?Hf?E U PAFMUD X ZNUAU]H?E Z?A?MBHUU LA[ ZNUX[-
K_XIHU[ WNBTH_` F T?NDI PD?[\U` PFL?X; HI DIR?X?S PAF]IS X NIKH_` EBP-
DI` LAUH_ PBW? X_PDNBAI ZNUX[K_XIcDP[ HI ?P?T_` hDBNDI` (R?HfI`) LXI
UAU DNU LBNBX[HH_` Z?ZAIXRI. $UB HB?T`?LUE? HFMH? X DB` EBPDI`, WLB
BPDY PUAYH?B DB]BHUB, UT? ]IPD? PAF]IBDP[, ]D? WNBTH?B PFLH?, HB FPZBX
F`XIDUDYP[ KI I`DBND?X, T_XIBD T_PDN?D?c DB]BHU[ ZN?H?PUE?, EBMLF
DBE, P Z?ZAIXRIEU UEBBD FL?TPDX? KI D? UAU LNFW?B KILBNMIDYP[.

jIRUE ?TNIK?E, XPB EI]D_ U NBU, ZNUHILABMI\UB R R?-
NITAc Z?RIKIH_; ?DH?PUDBAYH? MB ZN?Z?NfUU, FZ?DNBTA[BE?S X
HIhBE gA?DB, X "Z_DB 4?NPR?S NIRDURU X 113 UK?TNIMBH?
PABLFc\UE ?TNIK?E.
?AFPFEEI LAUH_ U hUNUH_ R?NITA[, UAU 2
1
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hUNUH_
BW? LIcD LAUHF WN?D-EI]D_ (III) P D?Z?E, HI R?D?N_S TBNBDP[
1
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LAUH_ EI]D_.
II. o?R-EI]DI
1
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UAU
1
/
9
R?N?]B WN?D-EI]D_.
IV. >UKIHY-EI]DI
1
/
6
UAU
1
/
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R?N?]B WN?D-EI]D_.
I. >FhZNUD NIXBH 1
1
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hUNUH_ R?NITA[.
XIV. ^N?D-PDBHWI NIXHI 1
1
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2
hUNUH_ R?NITA[.
XV. o?N-PDBHWI
1
/
9
R?N?]B WN?D-PDBHWU.
XVI. 3NcP-PDBHWI
1
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3
R?N?]B WN?D-PDBHWU.
XVII. qDABWINY NIXBH
2
/
3
LAUH_ TFhZNUDI.
XXVIII, XXIX, XXX. >NIE-PDBHWU TBK gAIWhD?R?X XZ?-
A?XUHF R?N?]B HUMHU` PX?U` PDBHW; UAU D?]HBB, RIMLI[ TNIE-
PDBHWI
4
/
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PX?BS PDBHWU, I HI LAUHF gAIWhD?RI TBNBDP[
78
4
/
5
PBS LAUH_ TNIE-PDBHWU. ?A?XUHI LAUH_ R?NITA[ UAU LXB
hUNUH_ BW? P?PDIXA[cD LAUHF WN?DI-NB[ (1) TBK H?R?X, I HI ?TI
H?RI TBNBDP[
1
/
10
LAUH_ NB[.
5. o?RI-NBS
1
/
9
R?N?]B WN?DI-NB[.
9. >UKIHY-NBS
1
/
6
R?N?]B WN?DI-NB[.
2, 6. 4INPI-NBU NIXH[cDP[
5
/
7
HUMHU` PX?U` NBBX.
4, 7, 11. >NIE NBU
1
/
3
R?N?]B EINPI-NBBX.
5, 8, 12. >?E-TNIE-NBU
1
/
3
UAU
1
/
2
R?N?]B TNIE-NBBX.
9. >BWUH-NBS NIXBH WN?D-EINPI-NBc (2).
10. 3NcPBAY-NBS
*
NIXBH WN?D-TNIE-NBc (4).
13. >AUHLI-NBS NIXBH g?N-EINPI-NBc (6). >?E-TAUHLI-NBS
NIXBH g?N-TNIE-NBc (7).
16. :NISXBN-hZUND NIXBH WN?D-EINPI-NBc (2).
17. :NISXBN-NBS XZ?A?XUHF R?N?]B LNISXBN-hZUNDI (16).
18. rUPBAY-hZUND_ NIXH_
1
/
2
PX?U` NBBX.
"LHI DNULfIDY hBPDI[ L?A[ LAUH_ EI]D_, UAU PDBHWU,
UAU
1
/
3
PB[ LAUH_ X gFDI` Z?RIK_XIBD X LcSEI` PIE_S T?AYh?S
LUIEBDN, R?D?N_S EI]DI UEBBD ZN?DUX HUMHBS ZIAFT_, I PDBHWI
F XBNhUH_ EI]D?XIW? D?ZI; LXB DNBDU PBW? LUIEBDNI LIcD PIE_S
EBHYhUS LUIEBDN X D?ZB.
$IE_S T?AYhUS LUIEBDN TFhZNUDI (1) P??DXBDPDXFc\US
HBLWBLfIE, BPDY
1
/
24
]IPDY LAUH_ BW?, UAU Z?A?XUHI PB[ LAUH_ X
gFDI`, LIBD ?H_S LUIEBDN X LcSEI`; EIA_S MB LUIEBDN TFh-
ZNUDI NIXBH Z?A?XUHB T?AYhIW?.
j?A\UHI FDABWIN[ (XVII) X HUMHBE R?HfB U\BDP[ ?D
LAUH_ BW? DIRMB, RIR U PDBHWU, I EIA_S BW? LUIEBDN BPDY
4
/
5

T?AYhIW?.
j?A\UHI WN?DI (1) U g?RI (5) NBBX Z?PNBLUHB, UKEBN[B-
EI[ DIRMB Z? LUIEBDNF, BPDY
1
/
48
LAUH_ U` UAU, XK[DI[ X LcSEI`,
1
/
4
LAUH_ X gFDI`, I H?RU
1
/
3
D?HYhB PNBLUH_.
j?A\UHI EINPI-NBBX (2, 6) Z?PNBLUHB BPDY
1
/
54
BW? LAUH_,
UAU, XK[DI[ X LcSEI`,
2
/
9
LAUH_ X gFDI`. -IR?HBf, D?A\UHI TU-
KIHY-NB[, TNIE-NBBX, T?E-TNIE-NBBX, LNISXBN-NBBX U AUPBAY-
hZUND?X NIXHI
1
/
60
LAUH_ U`, UAU PU[ D?A\UHI X LcSEI BPDY
l
/
5

LAUH_ X gFDI`.
?RIKIX ZN?Z?NfUU HI ?ZNBLBABHUB LAUH_ EI]D U ZN?].,
FZ?DNBTA[BE_[ X HIhBE gA?DB, HB TBPZ?ABKH_E Z?]UDIc ZNU-
A?MUDY KLBPY ZN?Z?NfUU U DITAUfF NIKEBN?X, FZ?DNBTA[BE_` X
<HWAUSPR?E gA?DB.

*
-IPD?[\BB HIUEBH?XIHUB ZNUTIXA[BEIW? PA?XI BPDY RNcSPBAY; H? X?hA? X FZ?D-
NBTABHUB HIKXIDY P?RNI\BHH? RNcPBAY, RIR HIZNUEBN: RNcPBAY-hR?D, RNcP-TNIE-
PDBHWI U ZN.
79
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0c+ % #3S25jaV0 d2'+

:AUHI HUMH[W? LBRI U RNISH[[ hUNUHI, PA?MBHH_[ XEB-
PDB U NIKLBABHH_B HI LXI, LIcD LAUHF WN?D-EI]D_.
:AUHI HUMH[W? LBRI 74-ZFhB]HIW? R?NITA[ BPDY 176 gFD.
3NISH[[ hUNUHI 48 gFD 8 LcSE; PA?MBHH_[ XEBPDB P?PDIXA[cD
224 gFDI 8 LcSE, NIKLBAUX ?H?B HI LXI TFLBD 112 gFD 4 LcSEI,
BPDY LAUHI WN?D-EI]D_, R?D?NFc ?ZNBLBAUX, Z?AF]UhY LA[ LNF-
WU` EI]D, NBBX U ZN?]. PABLFc\U[ ZN?Z?NfUU.
o?R-EI]DI
8
/
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WN?D-EI]D_.
>UKIHY-EI]DI
6
/
7
WN?D-EI]D_.
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3
/
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^N?D-PDBHWI
3
/
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o?N-PDBHWI
8
/
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WN?D-PDBHWU.
3NcSP-PDBHWI
3
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WN?D-PDBHWU.
q hAcZ?X RNcSP-PDBHWI
5
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7
WN?D-PDBHWU.
>NIE-PDBHWI
1
/
2
LAUH_ PDBHWU.
>FhZNUD_ 80-ZFhB]H_` R?NITABS U X_hB
7
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WN?D-
EI]D_.
>FhZNUD_ 74-ZFhB]H_` R?NITABS U HUMB
3
/
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U` WN?D-
EI]D_.
:UIEBDN_ Z? ZN?Z?NfUU R LAUHB PFDY PABLFc\UB
& <HWAUSPR?E gA?DB ?ZNBLBA[BE_B LUIEBDN_ EI]D U
TFhZNUDI Z?RIKIH_ T_AU X_hB PBW?.
:UIEBDN WN?D U g?N-PDBHBW?LUH LcSE HI XP[RUB DNU
gFDI X LAUHF g?N-PDBHWU.
:UIEBDN RNcSP-PDBHWU
7
/
10
LUIEBDNI WN?D-PDBHWU. :UI-
EBDN TNIE-PDBHW?LUH LcSE HI XP[RUB DNU gFDI X U` LAUHF.
:UIEBDN T?E-TNIE-PDBHW
2
/
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LUIEBDNI PX?U` TNIE-PDBHW.
-I RFZB]BPRU` R?NITA[` ZN?Z?NfUU EI]D, PDBHW, NBBX T_XIcD
NIKH??TNIKH_[; U Z?D?EF X ZNUAIWIBE?S KLBPY DITAUfB NIKEBN?X
LA[ PFL?X NIKHIW? ]UPAI D?H?X ?H_B TFLFD Z?RIKIH_.
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P_
3
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9
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BPAU P?PH?X_[, LAUH_ EI]D_.
j?Z WN?D- U g?R-EI]D
5
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HI XP[RUB DNU gFDI EI]D?X?S LAUH_.
j?Z TUKIHY-EI]D_, WN?D- U g?N-PDBHBW4 LcSEI HI XP[RUB DNU gFDI
LAUH_.
j?Z RNcSP-PDBHWU U XPB` TNIE-PDBHW3
1
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LcSEI HI XP[RUB DNU gFDI
LAUH_.
80
:?AWUB gAIWhD?RU R TNIE-PDBHWIE
2
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LAUH_ L? ZAB]URI (D. B. R?WLI
3
1
/
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LcSEI X?KEBDP[ HI RIML_B DNU gFDI UK XPBS LAUH_). "T_RH?XBHH_B
gAIWhD?RU L?AMH_ T_DY 1
3
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D?S LAUH_, I ?DNFT?E gAIWhD?RU 3
1
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7
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LAUH_ D?ZI. $DBHW?X_B
3
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LAUH_
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N?Z?NfUU LAUH_ NBBX X <HWAUSPR?E gA?DB
^N?DI-NBS
8
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WN?D-EI]D_.
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1
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6
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WN?DI-NB[. ^N?D-EINPI-NBS
5
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>BWBH-NBS DIR?X?S MB ZN?Z?NfUU, RIR g?N-EINPI-NBS.
o?N-EINPI-NBS
7
/
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WN?D-EINPI-NB[.
>AUHLI-NBS, DIRMB NIXBH g?N-EINPI-NBc.
3NcSPBAY-NBS
2
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2
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3
/
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rUPBAY-NBU
4
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PX?U` hZUND?X.
:NISXBN-NBS NIXBH g?N-TNIE-NBc.

:UIEBDN_ NBBX
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7
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gFDI LAUH_.
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2
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5
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6
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1
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NBS.
rUPBAY-NBU?LUH LcSE X LUIEBDNB HI XP[RUB 5 gFD
LAUH_.
>BWBH-NBS DIR?XIW? MB LUIEBDNI, RIR g?N-EINPI-NBS.
:NISXBN-NBS DIR?XIW? MB LUIEBDNI, RIR g?N-TNIE-NBS.
N?Z?NfU?HIAYH_B LAUH_ X_PDNBAUXIc\U`P[ LBNBX
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5
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1
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5
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TFhZNUDI. ^UR DIR?X?S MB LAUH_,
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1
/
4

^N?D-T?E-TNIE-PDBHWI 20 0 6
1
/
2
24 0 5
o?R-EI]DI 88 0 30 80 0 19
1
/
2

o?N-PDBHWI 54 0 17
1
/
2
54 0 13
1
/
4

o?N-TNIE-PDBHWI 26 0 9 36 0 8
o?N-T?E-TNIE-PDBHWI 18 0 6 22 0 5
>UKIH-EI]DI 78 0 21
1
/
2
70 0 13
3NcSP-PDBHWI 40 0 12
1
/
2
39 0 9
1
/
4

3NcSP-TNIE-PDBHWI 21 0 7 26 0 5
1
/
2

3NcSP-T?E-TNIE-PDBHWI 12 0 5 16 0 4
1
/
2

>FhZNUD 59 0 30
1
/
2
55 0 14
1
/
4

3AUXBN-FDABWINY 42 0 12
1
/
4
38 0 8
:NISXBN-WUR 60 0 11
1
/
2
0 0 0
>BWBH-NBS 0 0 0 55 0 11
1
/
4

qHLBN-AUPBAY-hZUND 42 0 9 29 0 7
^N?D-EINPI-AUPBAY-hZUND 41 0 8
1
/
2
23 0 6
^N?D-TNIE-AUPBAY-hZUND 28 0 6 17 0 5
o?N-EINPI-AUPBAY-hZUND 39 0 8
1
/
2
23 0 6
o?N-TNIE-AUPBAY-hZUND 26 0 5
3
/
4
16 0 5
3?NE?X?S gAIWhD?R 38 0 7 0 0 0
^cSP-hD?R 24 0 5
1
/
2
0 0 0
100
1100 D?HH

EI]D_ U PDBHWU NBU
LAUHI LUIE. LAUHI LUIE.
1EBHI
EI]D, PDBHW
U NBBX
gFD LE LE gFD LE LE
^N?D-EI]DI 90 0 30 80 0 20
^N?D-PDBHWI 56 0 17
1
/
4
57 0 13
1
/
2

^N?D-TNIE-PDBHWI 27 0 9 37 0 8
^N?D-T?E-TNIE-PDBHWI 20 0 6
1
/
2
23 0 5
o?R-EI]DI 84 0 29
1
/
2
76 0 18
1
/
2

o?N-PDBHWI 52 0 17
1
/
4
52 0 13
o?N-TNIE-PDBHWI 26 0 9 36 0 7
3
/
4

o?N-T?E-TNIE-PDBHWI 18 0 6 21 0 5
>UKIH-EI]DI 78 0 21 68 0 13
3NcSP-PDBHWI 39 0 12 38 0 9
3NcSP-TNIE-PDBHWI 20 0 6
1
/
2
26 0 5
3NcSP-T?E-TNIE-PDBHWI 12 0 5 16 0 4
1
/
2

>FhZNUD 58 0 30 54 0 11
1
/
4

3AUXBN-FDABWINY 40 0 12 38 0 8
:NISXBN-WUR 58 0 11 0 0 0
>BWBH-NBS 0 0 0 54 0 11
1
/
4

qHLBN-AUPBAY-hZUND 41 0 9 28 0 7
^N?D-EINPI-AUPBAY-hZUND 40 0 8
1
/
2
22 0 6
^N?D-TNIE-AUPBAY-hZUND 27 0 6 16 0 5
o?N-EINPI-AUPBAY-hZUND 37 0 8
1
/
2
22 0 6
o?N-TNIE-AUPBAY-hZUND 26 0 5
1
/
2
14 0 5
3?NE?X?S gAIWhD?R 36 0 6
1
/
2
0 0 0
^cSP-hD?R 24 0 5 0 0 0
101
1000 D?HH

EI]D_ U PDBHWU /BU
LAUHI LUIE. LAUHI LUIE.
1EBHI
EI]D, PDBHW
U NBBX
gFD LE LE gFD LE LE
^N?D-EI]DI 87 0 29 78 0 19
^N?D-PDBHWI 52 0 16
1
/
2
54 0 13
^N?D-TNIE-PDBHWI 26 0 9 36 0 8
^N?D-T?E-TNIE-PDBHWI 19 0 6
1
/
2
22 0 5
o?R-EI]DI 81 0 29 72 0 18
o?N-PDBHWI 50 0 16
1
/
2
52 0 12
1
/
2

o?N-TNIE-PDBHWI 24 0 9 34 0 7
1
/
2

o?N-T?E-TNIE-PDBHWI 17 0 6 20 0 4
1
/
2

>UKIH-EI]DI 76 0 20 66 0 12
1
/
2

3NcSP-PDBHWI 38 0 12 38 0 9
3NcSP-TNIE-PDBHWI 19 0 6
1
/
2
26 0 5
1
/
2

3NcSP-T?E-TNIE-PDBHWI 10 0 4
1
/
2
14 0 4
>FhZNUD 54 0 29 54 0 11
1
/
4

3AUXBN-FDABWINY 40 0 12 36 0 8
:NISXBN-WUR 57 0 11 0 0 0
>BWBH-NBS 0 0 0 54 0 11
1
/
4

qHLBN-AUPBAY-hZUND 40 0 8
3
/
4
28 0 7
^N?D-EINPI-AUPBAY-hZUND 39 0 8
1
/
4
22 0 5
3
/
4

^N?D-TNIE-AUPBAY-hZUND 27 0 6 15 0 5
o?N-EINPI-AUPBAY-hZUND 36 0 8
1
/
2
22 0 5
3
/
4

o?N-TNIE-AUPBAY-hZUND 26 0 5
1
/
2
14 0 5
3?NE?X?S gAIWhD?R 36 0 6
1
/
2
0 0 0
^cSP-hD?R 22 0 5 0 0 0
102
900 D?HH

EI]D_ U PDBHWU NBU
LAUHI LUIE. LAUHI LUIE.
1EBHI
EI]D, PDBHW
U NBBX
gFD LE LE gFD LE LE
^N?D-EI]DI 86 0 28 76 0 18
1
/
2

^N?D-PDBHWI 50 0 16 52 0 12
1
/
2

^N?D-TNIE-PDBHWI 26 0 9 34 0 8
^N?D-T?E-TNIE-PDBHWI 19 0 5
1
/
2
21 0 4
1
/
2

o?R-EI]DI 79 0 28 70 17 77
o?N-PDBHWI 48 0 16 50 0 12
o?N-TNIE-PDBHWI 23 0 9 32 0 7
1
/
2

o?N-T?E-TNIE-PDBHWI 17 0 5
1
/
2
19 0 4
1
/
2

>UKIH-EI]DI 76 0 20 64 0 12
3NcSP-PDBHWI 37 0 12 35 0 8
1
/
2

3NcSP-TNIE-PDBHWI 19 0 6 23 0 5
3NcSP-T?E-TNIE-PDBHWI 0 0 0 0 0 0
>FhZNUD 54 0 28 50 0 10
1
/
2

qDABWINY 40 0 12 36 0 8
:NISXBN-WUR 50 0 10
1
/
2
0 0 0
>BWBH-NBS 0 0 0 52 0 10
1
/
2

qHLBN-AUPBAY-hZUND 37 0 8
1
/
2
25 0 6
1
/
2

^N?D-EINPI-AUPBAY-hZUND 35 0 8 20 0 5
1
/
2

^N?D-TNIE-AUPBAY-hZUND 25 0 6 14 0 5
o?N-EINPI-AUPBAY-hZUND 34 0 8
1
/
2
19 0 6
o?N-TNIE-AUPBAY-hZUND 25 0 5
1
/
2
14 0 5
3?NE?X?S gAIWhD?R 34 0 6
1
/
2
0 0 0
^cSP-hD?R 22 0 4
l
/
2
0 0 0
103
800 D?HH

EI]D_ U PDBHWU NBU
LAUHI LUIE. LAUHI LUIE.
1EBHI
EI]D, PDBHW
U NBBX
gFD LE LE gFD LE LE
^N?D-EI]DI 84 0 27 74 0 18
^N?D-PDBHWI 49 0 16 50 0 12
^N?D-TNIE-PDBHWI 25 0 9 33 6 8
^N?D-T?E-TNIE-PDBHWI 18 0 5 20 0 4
1
/
2

o?R-EI]DI 0 27 68 0 16
o?N-PDBHWI 47 0 16 48 0 12
o?N-TNIE-PDBHWI 22 0 8
1
/
2
30 0 7
1
/
2

o?N-T?E-TNIE-PDBHWI 16 0 4
1
/
2
18 0 4
1
/
2

>UKIH-EI]DI 73 0 19 62 0 10
1
/
2

3NcSP-PDBHWI 36 0 12 34 0 8
1
/
2

3NcSP-TNIE-PDBHWI 19 0 6 23 0 5
3NcSP-T?E-TNIE-PDBHWI 0 0 0 0 0 0
>FhZNUD 53 0 27 50 0 10
1
/
2

qDABWINY 38 0 12 34 0 7
1
/
2

:NISXBN-WUR 49 0 10
1
/
2
0 0 0
>BWBH-NBS 0 0 0 50 0 10
1
/
2

qHLBN-AUPBAY-hZUND 36 0 8 23 0 6
^N?D-EINPI-AUPBAY-hZUND 34 0 8 18 0 5
1
/
2

^N?D-TNIE-AUPBAY-hZUND 15 0 5
1
/
2
14 0 4
l
/
2

o?N-EINPI-AUPBAY-hZUND 33 0 8 17 0 5
1
/
2

o?N-TNIE-AUPBAY-hZUND 24 0 5
1
/
2
14 0 4
1
/
2

3?NE?X?S gAIWhD?R 34 0 6 0 0 0
^cSP-hD?R 22 0 4
1
/
2
0 0 0
104
700 D?HH

EI]D_ U PDBHWU NBU
LAUHI LUIE. LAUHI LUIE.
1EBHI
EI]D, PDBHW
U NBBX
gFD LE LE gFD LE LE
^N?D-EI]DI 82 0 26 70 0 16
1
/
2

^N?D-PDBHWI 48 0 15
1
/
2
50 0 12
^N?D-TNIE-PDBHWI 24 0 8
1
/
2
32 0 7
1
/
2

^N?D-T?E-TNIE-PDBHWI 0 0 0 0 0 0
o?R-EI]DI 75 0 26 64 0 15
o?N-PDBHWI 46 0 15
1
/
2
48 0 12
o?N-TNIE-PDBHWI 22 0 8
1
/
2
30 0 7
1
/
2

o?N-T?E-TNIE-PDBHWI 0 0 0 0 0 0
>UKIH-EI]DI 70 0 18 62 0 10
1
/
2

3NcSP-PDBHWI 34 0 11 34 0 8
1
/
2

3NcSP-TNIE-PDBHWI 18 0 5
1
/
2
22 0 4
1
/
2

3NcSP-T?E-TNIE-PDBHWI 0 0 0 0 0 0
>FhZNUD 50 0 25 48 0 9
1
/
2

qDABWINY 36 0 10
1
/
2
32 0 7
:NISXBN-WUR 50 0 10
1
/
2
0 0 0
>BWBH-NBS 0 0 0 49 0 10
qHLBN-AUPBAY-hZUND 35 0 8 22 0 5
1
/
2

^N?D-EINPI-AUPBAYY-hZUND 33 0 7
1
/
2
17 0 5
^N?D-TNIE-AUPBAY-hZUND 24 0 5
1
/
2
13 0 4
o?N-EINPI-AUPBAY-hZUND 31 0 7
1
/
2
16 0 5
o?N-TNIE-AUPBAY-hZUND 23 0 5
1
/
2
13 0 4
3?NE?X?S gAIWhD?R 32 0 6
1
/
8
0 0 0
^cSP-hD?R 21 0 4
1
/
2
0 0 0
105
600 D?HH

EI]D_ U PDBHWU NBU
LAUHI LUIE. LAUHI LUIE.
1EBHI
EI]D, PDBHW
U NBBX
gFD LE LE gFD LE LE
^N?D-EI]DI 78 0 24 52 0 15
1
/
2

^N?D-PDBHWI 48 0 15 48 0 12
^N?D-TNIE-PDBHWI 23 0 8 32 0 7
1
/
2

^N?D-T?E-TNIE-PDBHWI 0 0 0 0 0 0
o?R-EI]DI 73 0 23
1
/
2
58 0 14
1
/
2

o?N-PDBHWI 46 0 15 46 0 11
1
/
2

o?N-TNIE-PDBHWI 22 0 8 30 0 7
1
/
2

o?N-T?E-TNIE-PDBHWI 0 0 0 0 0 0
>UKIH-EI]DI 68 0 16 60 0 10
1
/
2

3NcSP-PDBHWI 30 0 10
1
/
2
32 0 8
3NcSP-TNIE-PDBHWI 18 0 5
1
/
2
23 0 5
3NcSP-T?E-TNIE-PDBHWI 0 0 0 0 0 0
>FhZNUD 50 0 24
1
/
2
48 0 9
1
/
2

qDABWINY 36 0 10
1
/
2
82 0 7
:NISXBN-WUR 50 0 10
1
/
2
0 0 0
>BWBH-NBS 0 0 0 48 0 9
1
/
2

qHLBN-AUPBAY-hZUND 34 0 8 20 0
^N?D-EINPI-AUPBAY-hZUND 32 0 7
1
/
2
16 0 5
^N?D-TNIE-AUPBAY-hZUND 4 0 5
1
/
2
12 0 4
o?N-EINPI-AUPBAY-hZUND 30 0 7
1
/
2
15 0 5
o?N-TNIE-AUPBAY-hZUND 22 0 5
1
/
2
12 0 4
1
/
2

3?NE?X?S gAIWhD?R 30 0 6
1
/
2
0 0 0
^cSP-hD?R 21 0 4
1
/
2
0 0 0
106
500 D?HH

EI]D_ U PDBHWU NBU
LAUHI LUIE. LAUHI LUIE.
1EBHI
EI]D, PDBHW
U NBBX
gFD LE LE gFD LE LE
^N?D-EI]DI 72 0 22 52 0 13
^N?D-PDBHWI 43 0 14 41 0 10
1
/
2

^N?D-TNIE-PDBHWI 23 0 8 31 0 7
^N?D-T?E-TNIE-PDBHWI 15 0 5 20 0 5
o?RD-EI]DI 67 0 22 52 0 12
1
/
2

o?N-PDBHWI 41 0 14 41 0 10
1
/
2

o?N-TNIE-PDBHWI 22 0 8 28 0 6
1
/
2

o?N-T?E-TNIE-PDBHWI 14 0 5 19 0 5
WIg.
>UKIHY-EI]DI 63 0 15 32 0 8
3NcSP-PDBHWI 30 0 10 32 0 8
3NcSP-TNIE-PDBHWI 17 0 5
1
/
2
21 0 5
>FhZNUD 48 0 23 39 0 8
1
/
2

3AUXBN-FDABWINY 35 0 10 0 0 0
:NISXBN-WUR 46 0 9 0 0 0
>BWBH-NBS 0 0 0 44 0 9
qHLBN-AUPBAY-hZUND 30 0 7
1
/
2
19 0 5
^N?D-EINPI-AUPBAY-hZUND 28 0 7 15 0 4
1
/
2

^N?D-TNIE-AUPBAY-hZUND 22 0 5 12 0 4
o?N-EINPI-AUPBAY-hZUND 28 0 7 15 0 4
1
/
2

o?N-TNIE-AUPBAY-hZUND 20 0 5 12 0 4
3?NE?X?S gAIWhD?R 30 0 6 0 0 0
^cSP-hD?R 20 0 5 0 0 0
107
400 D?HH

EI]D_ U PDBHWU NBU
LAUHI LUIE. LAUHI LUIE.
1EBHI
EI]D, PDBHW
U NBBX
gFD LE LE gFD LE LE
^N?D-EI]DI 70 0 21
1
/
2
0 13
^N?D-PDBHWI 41 0 13 39 0 10
^N?D-TNIE-PDBHWI 23 0 7
1
/
2
29 0 6
1
/
2

^N?D-T?E-TNIE-PDBHWI 15 0 5 20 0 5
o?RD-EI]DI 65 0 21 49 0 12
1
/
2

o?N-PDBHWI 40 0 13 39 0 10
o?N-TNIE-PDBHWI 21 0 7
1
/
2
27 0 6
o?N-T?E-TNIE-PDBHWI 14 0 5 19 0 4
3
/
4

WIg
>UKIHY-EI]DI 62 0 15 30 0 7
1
/
2

3NcSP-PDBHWI 30 0 9
1
/
2
30 0 7
1
/
2

3NcSP-TNIE-PDBHWI 15 0 5 20 0 5
>FhZNUD 47 0 21 36 0 7
1
/
2

3AUXBN-FDABWINY 34 0 10 0 0 0
:NISXBN-WUR 40 0 8
1
/
2
16 0 5
1
/
2

>BWBH-NBS 0 0 0 39 0 8
qHLBN-AUPBAY-hZUND 28 0 7 18 0 5
^N?D-EINPI-AUPBAY-hZUND 26 0 6
1
/
2
15 0 4
1
/
2

^N?D-TNIE-AUPBAY-hZUND 20 0 5 12 0 4
o?N-EINPI-AUPBAY-hZUND 25 0 6
1
/
2
15 0 4
1
/
2

o?N-TNIE-AUPBAY-hZUND 19 0 5 12 0 4
3?NE?X?S gAIWhD?R 28 0 6 0 0 0
^cSP-hD?R 20 0 5 0 0 0
108
360 L? 350 D?HH

EI]D_ U PDBHWU NBU
LAUHI LUIE. LAUHI LUIE.
1EBHI
EI]D, PDBHW
U NBBX
gFD LE LE gFD LE LE
^N?D-EI]DI 68 0 20
1
/
2
48 0 19
^N?D-PDBHWI 39 0 12
1
/
2
36 0 9
^N?D-TNIE-PDBHWI 20 0 7 28 0 6
1
/
2

^N?D-T?E-TNIE-PDBHWI 14 0 5 18 0 5
o?R-EI]DI 63 0 20
1
/
2
47 0 12
o?N-PDBHWI 38 0 12
1
/
2
35 0 9
o?N-TNIE-PDBHWI 19 0 7 27 0 6
1
/
4

o?N-T?E-TNIE-PDBHWI 13 0 5 17 0 4
1
/
2

WIg.
>UKIHY-EI]DI 60 0 14 28 0 7
3NcSP-PDBHWI 30 0 9
1
/
2
30 0 7
1
/
2

3NcSP-TNIE-PDBHWI 16 0 5 18 0 5
>FhZNUD 44 0 20
1
/
2
34 0 7
1
/
2

qDABWINY 34 0 9
1
/
2
0 0 0
:NISXBN-WUR 38 0 8 22 0 5
1
/
2

>BWBH-NBS 0 0 0 36 0 7
1
/
2

qHLBN-AUPBAY-hZUND 26 0 6
1
/
2
16 0 4
1
/
2

^N?D-EINPI-AUPBAY-hZUND 25 0 6 14 0 4
^N?D-TNIE-AUPBAY-hZUND 19 0 4
1
/
2
10 0 3
1
/
2

o?N-EINPI-AUPBAY-hZUND 24 0 6 14 0 4
o?N-TNIE-AUPBAY-hZUND 18 0 4
1
/
2
10 0 3
1
/
2

3?NE?X?S gAIWhD?R 28 0 6 0 0 0
^cSP-hD?R 14 0 4 0 0 0
109
330 L? 300 D?HH

EI]D_ U PDBHWU NBU
LAUHI LUIE. LAUHI LUIE.
1EBHI
EI]D, PDBHW
U NBBX
gFD LE LE gFD LE LE
^N?D-EI]DI 66 0 19 47 0 12
^N?D-PDBHWI 38 0 12 35 0 9
^N?D-TNIE-PDBHWI 19 0 6
1
/
2
26 0 6
^N?D-T?E-TNIE-PDBHWI 13 0 4
1
/
2
16 0 4
o?R-EI]DI 61 0 19 45 0 11
1
/
2

o?N-PDBHWI 37 0 12 32 0 8
1
/
2

o?N-TNIE-PDBHWI 18 0 6
1
/
2
25 0 5
3
/
4

o?N-T?E-TNIE-PDBHWI 12 0 4
1
/
2
15 0 4
WIg.
>UKIHY-EI]DI 58 0 13 26 0 6
1
/
2

3NcSP-PDBHWI 28 0 9 28 0 7
3NcSP-TNIE-PDBHWI 15 0 4
1
/
2
16 0 4
>FhZNUD 42 0 9 30 0 7
qDABWBN 33 0 9 0 0 0
:NISXBN-WUR 38 0 7
1
/
2
20 0 5
>BWBH-NBS 0 0 0 35 0 7
qHLBN-AUPBAY-hZUND 25 0 6 15 0 4
1
/
2

^N?D-EINPI-AUPBAY-hZUND 24 0 5
3
/
4
12 0 4
^N?D-TNIE-AUPBAY-hZUND 18 0 4
1
/
2
10 0 3
1
/
2

o?N-EINPI-AUPBAY-hZUND 23 0 5
3
/
4
12 0 4
o?N-TNIE-AUPBAY-hZUND 19 0 4
1
/
2
10 0 3
1
/
2

3?NE?X?S gAIWhD?R 26 0 5
1
/
2
0 0 0
^cSP-hD?R 13 0 4 0 0 0
110
280 L? 250 D?HH

EI]D_ U PDBHWU NBU
LAUHI LUIE. LAUHI LUIE.
1EBHI
EI]D, PDBHW
U NBBX
gFD LE LE gFD LE LE
^N?D-EI]DI 61 0 18 44 0 11
^N?D-PDBHWI 36 0 11 32 0 8
^N?D-TNIE-PDBHWI 18 0 6 23 0 5
1
/
2

^N?D-T?E-TNIE-PDBHWI 12 0 4
1
/
2
15 0 4
o?R-EI]DI 58 0 18 42 0 10
1
/
2

o?N-PDBHWI 35 0 11 32 0 8
o?N-TNIE-PDBHWI 17 0 6 23 0 5
1
/
2

o?N-T?E-TNIE-PDBHWI 11 0 4
1
/
2
15 0 4
WIg.
>UKIHY-EI]DI 54 0 12 25 0 6
3NcSP-PDBHWI 26 0 8 27 0 6
3NcSP-TNIE-PDBHWI 14 0 5 0 0 0
>FhZNUD 38 0 18 32 0 7
3AUXBN-FDABWBN 32 0 8 0 0 0
:NISXBN-WUR 36 0 7
1
/
2
18 0 5
>BWBH-NBS 0 0 0 32 0 7
qHLBN-AUPBAY-hZUND 0 0 0 0 0 0
^N?D-EINPI-AUPBAY-hZUND 23 0 5 12 0 4
^N?D-TNIE-AUPBAY-hZUND 0 0 0 0 0 0
o?N-EINPI-AUPBAY-hZUND 22 0 5 12 0 4
o?N-TNIE-AUPBAY-hZUND 0 0 0 0 0 0
3?NE?X?S gAIWhD?R 25 0 5
1
/
2
0 0 0
^cSP-hD?R 10 0 3 0 0 0
111
>NUWU 150 D?HH

EI]D_ U PDBHWU NBU
LAUHI LUIE. LAUHI LUIE.
1EBHI
EI]D, PDBHW
U NBBX
gFD LE LE gFD LE LE
^N?D-EI]DI 60 0 16
1
/
2
38 0 9
1
/
2

^N?D-PDBHWI 30 0 10 30 0 7
1
/
2

^N?D-TNIE-PDBHWI 16 6 5
1
/
2
21 0 4
1
/
2

^N?D-T?E-TNIE-PDBHWI 0 0 0 0 0 0
o?R-EI]DI 54 0 16
1
/
2
36 0 9
o?N-PDBHWI 32 0 10 30 0 7
1
/
2

o?N-TNIE-PDBHWI 16 0 5
1
/
2
21 0 4
1
/
2

o?N-T?E-TNIE-PDBHWI 0 0 0 0 0 0
WIg.
>UKIHY-EI]DI 0 0 0 0 0 0
3NcSP-PDBHWI 0 0 0 0 0 0
3NcSP-TNIE-PDBHWI 0 0 0 0 0 0
>FhZNUD 32 0 16 30 6 6
3AUXBN-FDABWBN 26 7 7 0 0 0
:NISXBN-WUR 34 0 8
1
/
2
WN?DIWU
>BWBH-NBS 18 6 6 WIgBAY
qHLBN-AUPBAY-hZUND 0 0 0 0 0 0
^N?D-EINPI -AUPBAY-hZUND 20 0 4
1
/
2
10 0 3
1
/
2

^N?D-TNIE-AUPBAY- hZUND 0 0 0 0 0 0
o?N-EINPI-AUPBAY-hZUND 19 0 4
1
/
2
10 0 3
1
/
2

o?N-TNIE-AUPBAY-hZUND 0 0 0 0 0 0
3?NE?X?S gAIWhD?R 23 0 4
1
/
2
0 0 0
^cSP-hD?R 9 0 3 0 0 0
112
3B]Y 170 D?HH

EI]D_ U PDBHWU NBU
LAUHI LUIE. LAUHI LUIE.
1EBHI
EI]D, PDBHW
U NBBX
gFD LE LE gFD LE LE
^N?D-EI]DI 72 0 19 51 0 12
^N?D-PDBHWI 36 0 10
1
/
2
36 0 7
1
/
2

^N?D-TNIE-PDBHWI 20 0 4
1
/
2
24 0 4
^N?D-T?E-TNIE-PDBHWI 0 0 0 0 0 0
o?R-EI]DI 0 0 0 0 0 0
o?N-PDBHWI 0 0 0 0 0 0
o?N-TNIE-PDBHWI 0 0 0 0 0 0
o?N-T?E-TNIE-PDBHWI 0 0 0 0 0 0
WIg.
>UKIHY-EI]DI 49 0 10 18 0 5
1
/
2

3NcSP-PDBHWI 30 0 5
1
/
2
21 0 4
3NcSP-TNIE-PDBHWI 0 0 0 0 0 0
>FhZNUD 44 0 14
1
/
2
31 0 6
3AUXBN-FDABWBN 28 0 7
3
/
4
0 0 0
:NISXBN-WUR 0 0 0 0 0 0
>BWBH-NBS TBW. NBS 29 0 5
1
/
2

qHLBN-AUPBAY-hZUNDDNISPBAY 16 0 5
^N?D-EINPI -AUPBAY-hZUND WIg.UAU XUH. KB UA.
^N?D-TNIE-AUPBAY-hZUND hZNUHD 16 0 5
o?N-EINPI-AUPBAY-hZUND 0 0 0 0 0 0
o?N-TNIE-AUPBAY-hZUND 0 0 0 0 0 0
3?NE?X?S gAIWhD?R 22 0 4 0 0 0
^cSP-hD?R 8 0 3 0 0 0
113
p`FH_ 140 D?HH

LA. LUIE. 4I]D_, PDBHWU
U NBU
gFD LE
^N?D-EI]DI 75 15
>NIE-PDBHWI 32 7
1
/
2

j?ZPBAY-NBS 38 6
>AUHLI-NBS 47 7
>NIE-NBS 27 5
1
/
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>NUg?R-NBS 38 7
1
/
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o?R-EI]DI 66 15
>NIE-PDBHWI 26 6
1
/
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j?ZPBAY-NBS 30 6
1
/
2

>NIE-NBS 25 5
>NUg?R-NBS 40 7
^IgBAY 22 6
1
/
2


pAcZ_ 70 D?HH

LA. LUIE. 4I]D_, PDBHWU
U NBU
gFD LE
^N?D-EI]DI 64 16
>NIE-PDBHWI 30 6
1
/
2

>NUg?H UAU
>BWBH-NBS
40 8
j?ZPBAY-NBS 24 6
>FhZNUD 40 14
3AUXBN FDABWIN[ 32 6
1
/
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^N?DI-WUR 48 10
^IgBAY 28 7
114
115

" a3#a'V+ V)#"2Q
&PB EI]D_ U ZN?L?AMIc\U[-
P[ ?D HU` XXBN` LBNBXY[, DIRMB
U NBU, UEBcD PX?c ?PHIPDRF, F
EI]D U ZN?L?AMBHU[ U` ?HI[ P?PD?UD X D?E, ]D?T_ P? XPB` PD?-
N?H FRNBZUDY ?H_[, I F NBBX, ]D?T_ NIPZ?A?MUDY NIKAU]H?W? N?-
LI XB\U, LA[ LBSPDXU[ UEU U ZINFPIEU R HUE ZNUP?BLUHBHH_EU.
NUEB]IHUB. "PHIPDR?S R?NITA[ HIK_XIBDP[ FPDIH?XABHUB XPB` LBNBXYBX, ZN?L?A-
MIc\U`P[ ?D RIML?S EI]D_ XXBN`, HIA?MBHUB HI HU` U FRNBZABHUB DIRB-
AIMI (PE?ABH_` XBNBX?R), DIRMB ?DIRBAIMUXIHUB XPB` NBBX, ZNUP?BLUHB-
HUB U` R EI]DIE, ?PH?XIHUB XPB` TBWF]U` PHIPDBS (XBNBX?R, R?D?N_[ X
TA?RU UAU hRUX_ ZN?`?L[D), U X??T\B ?PH?XIHUB XPB` PHIPDBS LA[ LBSPD-
XU[ RIML?S XB\U Z? PLBAIHH?EF HI D? ZNIXUAF. j?D R?NITAY, F R?D?NIW?
XPB ]IPDU ZNUXBLBH_ X DIR?X?B FPDN?BHH?B Z?A?MBHUB, D? BPDY: EI]D_ Z?-
PDIXABH_, PDBHWU U TNIE-PDBHWI X_PDNBABH_, NBU Z?LH[D_, U XPB PHIPDU HI
U` HIA?MBH_, I UH_[ ZN?XBLBH_ U NIPZ?A?MBH_ LA[ LBSPDXU[ UEU X PX?U`
EBPDI`HIK_XIBDP[ ?PHI\BHH_E. j?D MB, HIZN?DUX, F R?D?NIW? XPB LBNB-
XY[ PZF\BH_, (?PDIX[ ?LHB EI]D_ HI PX?U` EBPDI`) PHIPDU X_LBNHFD_ U P
EBPD PX?U` PH[D_ U FTNIH_, UEBHFBDP[ NIPPHI\BHH_E.
&??NFMBHUB UAU ?PHI\BHUB RIR ?LH?S, DIR U LNFW?S
EI]D_ BPDY Z?]DU ?LUHIR?X?B; H? D?AYR? XB\U UEBcD PX?B HI-
KXIHUB P ZNUA?MBHUBE UEBHU EI]D_, F R?D?N?S ?HB HI`?L[DP[,
HIZNUEBN: WN?D-EINP (VII), RNcP-PDBHWI (XVI) U ZN?]., RIR X_hB
PBW? T_A? Z?RIKIH?.
3?WLI EI]D_ Z?PDIX[DP[ HI R?NITAY, D? ?HB HU]BW? HI PB-
TB HB UEBcD, RN?EB ZNUTUD_` LXF` TNFPR?X X ?KHI]BHH?E
I=:IH9: 97X:\MG
Riging of a ship
Greement d'un Vaisseau
116
LA[ HU` EBPDB Z? DF U LNFWFc PD?N?HF F D?ZI EI]D_; TNFPRU PUU
HIK_XIcDP[ A?HW-PIAUHWU, R?D?N_B FLBNMUXIcDP[ HI ]URPI`, U
HIZNIXABHUB PX?B UEBcD XL?AY R?NITA[, U` XPBWLI ZNUTUXIcD R
EI]DB L? Z?LH[DU[ ?H?S HI R?NITAY; DIRMB U R XBNhUHB D?ZI Z?
PD?N?HIE BW? L? Z?LH[DU[ EI]D_ ZNUX[K_XIcD Z? TA?RF, ?H_B
HIK_XIcDP[ gFD-TA?RU; X RIML?S UK HU` ZN?LBXIcD XBNBXRF,
UEBHFBEFc W?NLBHY; P Z?-E?\Uc ?HIW? Z?LHUEIcD XXBN` HI
EI]DF XPB HFMH?B LA[ B[ ?DIRBAIMUXIHU[.
NUPDFZI[ R ?PHIPDRB EI]D_, X?-ZBNX_`, RAILFD P ?TBU`
PD?N?H HI A?HW-PIAUHWU U ZNUTUXIcD R HUE U R EI]D?X?EF D?ZF
HBT?AYhUB TNFPRU, HIK_XIBE_B Z?LFhRU, R?D?N_B LBAIcDP[ UK
E[WRIW? P?PH?XIW? LBNBXI, P XHBhHBS PD?N?H_ T_XIcD KIRNFWAB-
H_ U ?TUD_ R?MBc, LIT_ ABMI\US HI HU` DIRBAIM (PE?ABH_[
XBNBXRU) HB E?W ZBNBDUNIDYP[. ?D?E Z?LHUEIcD HI EI]DF KIL-
Hcc RNIPZUfF
*
U ZNURNBZA[cD ?HFc PKILU EI]D_ R A?HW-
PIAUHWIE (V) X ?ZNBLBABHH?E EBPDB
**
.
? PLBAIHUU XPBW? X_hB PRIKIHHIW?, NFR?X?LPDXF[PY Z?-
N[LR?E, HI]UHIcD HI EI]DF HIRAIL_XIDY DIRBAIM
***
; ZBNX_B HI-
RAIL_XIcDP[ hRBHRBAU
****
, UEBHH? (PE. ]BNDBM III, ZAIH &):

$BS-DIAU hRBHDBAY (18).
Main Tackl-pendent. Penders des grands palans.
4IHD_AY-DIAU hRBHDBAY (19).
Tackle with a'tyependent. Penders pour Palan a'itague.
$E?ABH_[ R?N?DRU[ XBNBXRU, HIA?MBHH_[ HI D?Z EI]D_
?W?H?E (ZBDABc) P ?TBU` B[ PD?N?H; ?HB X R?HfI` PX?U` UEBcD
XZABPHBHH_B MBABKH_B R?FhU, PAFM\UB LA[ ZNUXB-

*
3NIPZUf-PIAUHWU (VI) HIK_XIcDP[ P?RNI\BHH? RNIPZUf_
**
-I A?HW-PIAUHWU (X) RAILFDP[ U ZNURNBZA[cDP[ LXI RNIPZUf-PIAUHWI (VI), R?D?-
N_B HIZNIXABHUB PX?B UEBcD Z?ZBNBR R?NITA[; ?LUH UK HU` ZNUTUXIBDP[ XZBNBLU
EI]D_, ?DPDFZ[ ?D ?H?S HI DIR?B NIPPD?[HUB, ]D?T_ hZ?N-PDBHWU PX?T?LH? E?W ZN?-
`?LUDY; UT? L?AMH? KIEBDUDY, ]D? PDBHWI (XIV) XA?MBHH_E X HBB hAIWD?X_E PD?UD
HI A?HWI-PIAUHWI` U ?H_E RNIPZUfBE FLBNMUXIBD HBR?D?N_E ?TNIK?E FLIABHUB
PDBHWU HIKIL U PZ?P?TPDXFBD mKBAYW?gDF (X), PRX?KY R?D?N?S PDBHWI ZN?`?LUD, FLBN-
MUXIDY BB X ?LUHIR?X?E Z?A?MBHUU. :NFW?S MB RNIPZUf-PIAUHW ZNUTUXIBDP[ PKILU
EI]D_ W?NIKL? TAUMB R D?ZF ?H?S, ]BE ZBNX_S; BW? ZNURNBZA[cD D?D]IP Z? Z?PDI-
H?XABHUU EI]D_ X R?NITAY, ZBNBLHUS MB ZNURNBZA[BDP[ Z? HIA?MBHUU XPBW? HI
EI]DF DIRBAIMI. &ZN?]BE, E?MH? U ?TI RNIPZUfI-PIAUHWI ZNUTUXIDY X ?LH? XNBE[;
UT? PAF]IBDP[, R?WLI R?NITAY ZBNBEBH[BD XIHD_ U hDIWU, D? ?TB RNIPZUf_, TFLF]U
ZNUP?BLUHBHH_EU R A?HW-PIAUHWIE, HUPR?AYR? HB ZNBZ[DPDXFcD X PH[DUU PDIN_` U
HIA?MBHUU H?X_` XIHD U hDIW?X.
***
jIRBAIMBE HIK_XIBDP[ RIMLI[ PE?ABHI[ XBNBXRI, FZ?DNBTA[BEI[ LA[ PD?[]IW?
X??NFMBHU[, U X??T\B HIK_XIBDP[ ?H?B DIRBAIM; ZN?]U[ MB XBNBXRU HIK_XIcDP[ Z?
E?NPR?EF "PHIPDY".
****
pRBHRBAU X?hA? X ?T_RH?XBHUB HIKXIDY LA[ [PH?PDU hRBHDBAU.
117
hUXIHU[ DIABS DIRUE ?TNIK?E, ]D? R ZBNX_E LXFE, ULF\UE R
H?PF hRBHDBA[E, ZNUXBhBHH_B DIAU HIK_XIcDP[ PBS-DIAU, R?D?-
N_B PAFMID R Z?LH[DUc HI R?NITAY NIKH_` D[MBPDBS; XD?N_B MB
LXI hRBHDBA[ ZN?PDUNIcDP[ R R?NEB, ZNUXBhBHH_B R HUE DIAU
HIK_XIcDP[ EIHD_AY-DIAU, PUU FZ?DNBTA[cDP[ LA[ HID[WUXIHU[
XIHD.
NUEB]IHUB. -I ZBNBLHU[ LXB EI]D_, D? BPDY HI g?R U WN?D EI]DF (II, III), RAILFDP[
Z? ZINB hRBHDBABS HI RIML?S PD?N?HB, I HI TUKIHY EI]DF (IV) HIRAIL_XI-
BDP[ ?LUH PBS-DIAU hRBHDBAY.

&IHD_ (20). Shrouds. Haubans.
$E?ABH_[ XBNBXRU, R?D?N_[ LBNMID EI]DF P T?R?X U PKI-
LU, PUAI U` DBE T?ABB FXBAU]UXIBDP[, ]BE T?ABB FW?A HIZNIXAB-
HU[ LBAIcD ?HB P ?PYc EI]D_, ]UPA? U D?A\UHI XIHD NIKEBN[cD-
P[ Z? XBAU]UHB PFLHI U EI]D; ZN?EBMFDRU EBMLF XIHDIEU NIP-
ZNBLBA[cDP[ Z?]DU X NIXH_` EBMLF P?T?c NIPPD?[HU[`, TFLB
ZFhB]H_B Z?ND_ D?EF HB X?PZNBZ[DPDXFcD. &IHD_ HIRAIL_XI-
cDP[ HI D?Z RIML?S EI]D_ HI hRBHDBAU (18, 19) Z?ZINH? DIRUE
?TNIK?E: ?LHI XBNBXRI PWUTIBDP[ XLX?B U F PWUTI PX[K_XIBDP[
RNBZR? TBHKBABE, ?PDIXA[[ ?MBNBAYB (UAU ZBDAc), HIK_XIBE?B
?W?H (Eye. Oeillet), R?D?N_E HI D?Z HILBXIBDP[. $HI]IAI RAILBDP[
ZINI ZBNBLHU` XIHD P ZNIX?S PD?N?H_, Z?D?E ZINI ZBNBLHU` MB P
ABX?S PD?N?H_ U DIR Z?ZBNBEBHH? L? PIE_` KILHU` XIHD, R?D?-
N_[ LBAIcDP[ NIKTUXH_B, D.B. KILH[[ ZINI XIHD F ?W?HI ZBNBX[-
K_XIBDP[ FKA?E, U ?LHI Z?A?XUHI ?H?S ULBD HI ZNIXFc, I LNFWI[
HI ABXFc PD?N?HF EI]D_
*
.
&IHD_ HIRAIL_XIcDP[ HI D?Z_ EI]D, PDBHW, TNIE-PDBHW U
T?E-TNIE-PDBHW; HIKXIHUB PX?B UEBcD P ZNUTIXABHUBE UEBHU D?S
EI]D_, PDBHWU U ZN?]., ZNU R?D?N_` ?HB HI`?L[DP[, RIR HIZNU-
EBN: ^N?D-XIHD_. Main Shrouds. Haubans du grand mat U ZN?].
NUEB]IHUB. BNBLHU[ XIHD_ LA[ D?W? RAILFDP[ ZNBMLB KILHU`, ]D?T HUMHUB NBU
T?AYhB E?WAU TNIP?ZUDYP[ (Z?X?NI]UXIDYP[); LA[ PBS MB ZNU]UH_ PIEI[
ZBNBLH[[ XIHDI (UEBHFBEI[ W?g-D?F), Z?EB\IBDP[ X XBNDURIAYH?S ZA?PR?-
PDU, ZN?`?L[\BS ]NBK ?PY EI]D_, ZBNZBHLURFA[NH?S R RUAc. $IEI[ KIL-
H[[ XIHDI L?AMHI T_DY FLIABHI ?D ZBNBLHBS HI NIPPD?[HUB NIXH?B
5
/
9
UAU
Z? RNISHBS EBNB HB EBHBB
1
/
2
hUNUH_ R?NITA[ ZN?DUX EI]D_. -I 74-
ZFhB]H?E R?NITAB WN?D-EI]DI UEBBD9, g?R-EI]DI8, I TUKIHY-EI]DI
6 XIHD HI RIML?S PD?N?HB. j?A\UHI XIHD UKEBN[BDP[ X ?RNFMH?PDU U` U
BPDY HBEH?W? EBHYhB
1
/
3
LUIEBDNI PX?BS EI]D_. pRBHDBAU PBS U EIHD_AY-
DIABS (18 U 19) UEBcD ?LUHIR?XFc

*
& <HWAUSPR?E gA?DB FZ?DNBTA[cD X??T\B HIA?MBHUB XPB` NIKTUXH_` XBNBX?R,
RIR-D?: XIHD, g?NLFH?X, TIRhDIW?X U ZN?].DIRUE ?TNIK?E, ]D? NIKNFTIcD ?H_[
Z?Z?AIE U, PLBAIX PZABPHBHH_S HI R?HfB ?W?H, HIRAIL_XIcD HI D?Z, P?TAcLI[ PZ?-
P?TH?PDY U HIZNIXABHUB XBNBXRU; ]NBK ?H?B Z?AIWIcD, ]D? HIA?MBHH_S DIRBAIM
ABMUD ]U\B HI D?ZB.
118
D?A\UHF P XIHDIEU, I A?ZIN[ U` (?PH?XIHH_B ]NBK TA?RU XBNBXRU) XZ?A?-
XUHF D?HYhB PX?U` hRBHDBABS.
lIEBDUDY L?AMH?, ]D? XBNBXRU, ZNUFW?D?XA[BE_[ LA[ XIHD, LBAIcDP[
?P?TBHH_E ?TNIK?E U HIK_XIcDP[ XIHD-DN?P?X?S NIT?D_; U` PZFPRIcD X
]BD_NB PDNBHL_
*
U Z? PLBAIHUU WFPD? X_PEIAUXIcD PE?A?c.
N?]U[ MB XBNBXRU, RIR-D?: RITBAYD?X_ U ZBNAUHUHIK_XIcDP[ RI-
TBAYH?S NIT?D_; ?HB PZFPRIcDP[ UK DNB` ?LUHIRU` PDNBHL; ZBNX_[ T_XI-
cD D?A\UH?c ?D 12 L? 6 LcSE?X, I Z?PABLHU[ ?D 5
1
/
2
LcSE U HUMB. 3?D?-
N_[ MB PLBAIH_ X ]BD_NB PDNBHL_, D? HIK_XIcDP[ P?RNI\BHH? DN?P_,
D?A\UHI U` T_XIBD ?D 12
1
/
2
U L?
3
/
4
LcSEI, D?HBB PBW? XBNBXRU HIK_XIcDP[
AUHU, PDBRAUHU, EINABHU, A?NLBHU U cKBHU
**
. :A[ ?DAU]U[ XBNBX?R, PLB-
AIHH_` HI X?AYH_` KIX?LI`, X RIKBHH_B XPBWLI XZFPRIBDP[ X ?LHF UK U`
PDNBHL ^?AAIHLPRI[ HUDRI, R?D?NI[ T_XIBD [PH? XULHI U Z?RIK_XIBD PX?B
KHI]BHUB.
/FPABHU (21).
Chain-wales. Porte-haubans.
lIRNIUH_, UAU XHBhHU[ ZA?\ILRU UK hUN?RU` L?P?R,
PLBAIHH_[ F R?NITBAYHIW? T?NDI HIZN?DUX U Z?KILU EI]D, PAF-
MI\U[ LA[ ?DLIABHU[ XIHD (20) ?D T?NDI, LIT_ ZNULIDY ]NBK D?
T?AYhB PUA_ XIHDIE U Z?LLBNMUXIDY EI]D_ P U` PD?N?H. ?AI-
WIcD, ]D? ZNU UKAUhHBS hUNUHB NFPABHBS HBAYK[ U` L?X?AYH?
DXBNL? FRNBZUDY U X? XNBE[ ZIAYT_ ZAIEBHBE, X_`?L[\UE UK
ZFhB]H_` LFA?X, E?MH? KIMB]Y UAU ZBNBTUDY DIANBZ_. "Z_D
L?RIKIA, ]D? hUNUHI U` L?AMHI T_DY NIXHI FRA?HF D?ZDUETBN-
P?X, XK[X gFDI 3 X_hB ?H_` X P??DXBDPDXBHH_` UE D?]RI`.
6gBNP (22).
Dead eyes. Cap-de-mouton.
3NFWA??TNIKH?B, HBPR?AYR? PMID?B P ?TBU` PD?N?H LBNB-
X?, UEBc\BB DNU LUN_ X XULB DNBFW?AYHURI, EBMLF P?T?c NIP-
Z?A?MBHH_[, X R?D?N?B ZN?`?LUD XBNBXRI, UEBHFBEI[ DIANBZ.
"LUH UK DIR?X_` cgBN?X XX[K_XIBDP[ X XIHDF (20), I LNFW?S, MB-
ABK?E ?R?XIHH_S, X NFPAUHU (21) XLBA_XIBDP[ U ]NBK ?HFc FRNB-
ZA[BDP[. 6gBNI PAFMID LA[ HID[WUXIHU[ XIHD U ZN?].
NUEB]IHUB. 6gBNI XIHD, g?NLFH?X, DIRMB U TA?RU TIRhDIW?X L?AMH_ T_DY NIXH?
XX[KIH_ U ZINIAABAYH_ PFLHF, X ?H?E KIRAc]IBDP[ E?NPR?B \BW?AYPDX? U
]UPD?DI X??NFMBHU[.

*
$DNBHLI BPDY fBAI[ ZN[LY, P?PDIXABHHI[ UK HBPR?AYRU` RIT?A?R. iBD_NB PDNBH-
L_KHI]UD ]BD_NB N?XH_[ ZN[LU, XEBPDB PZF\BH_[ U ZN?]., RIMLI[ MB DIR?XI[
ZN[LY D?APD?D?c PX?Bc ?TNIKFBDP[ P??TNIKH? XPBS D?APD?D_ XBNBXRU.
**
&PB PUU Z?PABLHU[ RFZIcDP[ X PE?AB U X X??NFMBHUU R?NITA[ FZ?DNBTA[cDP[ HI
TBHKBAU, HISD?X_, DNBPUHWU U RABDUHWU; H? RABDUHW RAILBDP[ UH?WLI UK hRUEFhRU
UAU hRUEFhWINI, R?D?N?S PXUXIBDP[ UK 2, 3 U 4 RIT?A?R PDINIW? NIPZF\BHHIW? DI-
RBAIMI.
119
&IHD-ZFDUH_ (23), UAU ZFDUHP_.
Chains Plates. Chaines de haubans.
sBABKH_[ fBZU, XHUKF Z?L NFPABH[EU ULF\U[ ?D cgBN-
P?X, ?R?XIHH_` MBABK?E, FRNBZA[cD ?H_[ R NFPABH[E U HUMHU-
EU R?HfIEU PX?UEU ZNUTUXIcDP[ T?ADIEU R PDBHB R?NITA[.
jIANBZ (24). Laniards. Rides.
&BNBXRI, R?D?NI[ PD[WUXIBD ?LUH cgBNP P LNFWUE U DBE
HID[WUXIBD XIHDF U ZN?]., D?A\UHI DIANBZ?X BPDY
1
/
2
D?A\UH_
XIHD U ZN?].
NUEB]IHUB. jIANBZ_ RIR HI XIHDI`, DIR U HI PDBHW-XIHDI` LA[ P?`NIHBHU[ U` ?D
DNBHU[, NIXH? U LA[ ]UPD?D_ X ?PHIPDRB XPBWLI Z?RN_XIcDP[ ZABDBHRIEU
UAU HBT?AYhUEU EIDIEU.
&_TAUHRU (25). Ratlings. Enslechures.
j?HRU[ PE?ABH_[ XBNBXRU, ZNUX[KIHH_[ ?P?TBHH_E FK-
A?E (HIK_XIBE_E X_TAUH?]H_S FKBA) R RIML?S XIHDB (20). &_-
T_AUHRU HI]UHIcDP[ ?D PIEIW? HUKF Z? XPBE XIHDIE
*
L? XBN`F,
?LHI P LNFW?S ZINIAABAYH?, U PAFMID PDFZBH[EU, UAU ABPDHUfBS,
LA[ XP`?LF HI EINP, HI PIAUHW, HI TNIE-PIAUHW U ?D ?H_` HI NBU.
pDIW (26). Stay. Etai.
$E?ABHI[ D?APDI[ XBNBXRI, R?D?NI[ LBNMUD EI]DF PZBNB-
LU, HIRAIL_XIBDP[ HI D?Z B[ ?LHUE PX?UE R?Hf?EZBDABc, HI-
K_XIBE?c ?W?H (Eye. Oeillet), ZNU ?R?HB]H?PDU R?BW? LBAIBDP[
T?AYh?S FKBA (UAU ZN?L?AW?XIDI[ hUhRI), HIK_XIBE_S EFPUHW,
R?D?N_S HB L?ZFPRIBD PLBAIHH?S HI R?HfB ?W?HI ZBDAB PLXU-
HFDYP[ U DBE FLBNMUXIBD BW? X HIPD?[\BE Z?A?MBHUU; X LNFW?E
MB R?HfB BW? XX[K_XIBDP[ ?P?TBHHIW? N?LF cgBNP, PAFMI\US
LA[ HID[WUXIHU[ hDIWI X ?ZNBLBABHH?E EBPDB. j?A\UHI WN?DI-
hDIWI (26) U g?RI-hDIWI (27) BPDY
1
/
2
, I D?A\UHI TUKIHY-hDIWI
(21)
2
/
5
D?A\UH_ PX?BS EI]D_
**
.
r?PY-hDIW (27).
Preventer stay. Faut-etai.
$E?ABHI[ XBNBXRI, HIA?MBHHI[ ?W?H?E HI D?Z-EI]D_,
PAFMUD X Z?E?\Y R hDIWF U X? XPBE BEF Z?L?THI, H?
1
/
3
D?HBB
BW?.
NUEB]IHUB. pDIWU LBNMID EI]DF PZBNBLU, U RIR ]UPA?E U` EBHBB, HBMBAU XIHD, D?
X KIEBHF PBW? ?HU LBAIcDP[ D?A\B U P?PDIXA[cD T?AYhUS FW?A P EI]D?c.
? HIA?MBHUU HI D?Z-EI]D_ XIHD HIRAIL_XIcD hDIW,

*
-I ZBNBLHcc U KILHU[ LXB XIHD_ X_TAUHRU HB RAILFDP[.
**
3IR FMB T_A? PRIKIH?, ]D? D?A\UHI EI]D U ZN?]U` LBNBXYBX EBN[BDP[ Z? U` LUI-
EBDNF, I D?A\UHI XBNBX?R Z? ?RNFMH?PDU, D? U L?AMH? NIKFEBDY, ]D? WN?DI-hDIW X
?RNFMH?PDU PX?BS UEBBD
1
/
2
LUIEBDNI WN?D-EI]D_.
120
Z?D?E A?PY-hDIW, R?D?N_B H_HB NIKH?P[D EBMLF P?T?c (D? BPDY ?DLBA[cD)
PABLFc\UE ?TNIK?E: A?PY-hDIW Z?LHUEIcD HI D?Z-EI]D_ PD?AYR?, ]D?T
?W?H BW? E?W ZN?SDU PXBN` ZBNBLHBS RNIPZUf_, ?TbBEA[ P?T?c ?R?HB]H?-
PDU A?HW-PIAUHW?X (V); U ]D?T_ ?H HB P?LXUWIAP[, D? PKILU D?ZI ZNUTUXI-
cDP[ ZAIHRU, PZBNBLU MB HIN?]H? ZN?NFTIBDP[ HI EINP LUNI, U R RNIPZUfB
ZNUTUXIBDP[ HBT?AYhI[ Z?LFhRI, ?TUDI[ R?MBS; ?HI[ PAFMUD LA[ P?`NI-
HBHU[ ?D DNBHU[ ?T RNIPZUfF ZN?ZF\BHHIW? PRX?KY LUNF X EINPB A?PY-
hDIWI, R?D?N?S ?TBUEU PD?N?HIEU ?W?HI RIPIBDP[ ?H?S
*
. jIRUE ?TNIK?E
NIKH?P[D hDIWU XXBN`F, D.B. F D?Z?X EI]D, U P?NIKEBNH? ?H?EF NIKLBA[cD
U` XHUKF F RNIW?X, WLB U TFLBD ? D?E Z?RIKIH?.
-I EH?WU` <HWAUSPRU` R?NITA[` LBAIcD F hDIW?X ?W?H TBK EFPUH-
W?X, I ZN?PD? R?N?DR?S R?HBf XZABPHUXIBDP[ X LAUHH_S, ?D]BW? P?PDIXA[-
BDP[ XXBN`F LXI R?N?DRUB `X?PDI U NIXH_B HILABMI\BS LAUHB ?W?HI; X
R?HfI` PU` `X?PD?X LBAIcDP[ ?]RU (HBT?AYhU[ ZBDAU); ]NBK ?H_B D?APD_E
TBHKBABE PD[WUXIBDP[ ?W?H hDIWI PKILU D?ZI EI]D_. $Z?P?T PBS ]NBKX_-
]ISH? ?TABW]IBD NIT?DF ZNU ZBNBEBHB hDIWI; UT? HB X_X[K_XI[ cgBNP (X
HUMHBE R?HfB hDIWI LA[ HID[WUXIHU[ BW? XX[KIHHIW?,) U HB ZBNBLXUWI[
XBPY hDIW X ?W?H, PABLFBD D?AYR? ?DLIDY KILHUS TBHKBAY, R?D?N_E PD[HFD
?W?H, U PHUEIDY hDIW TBK XP[RIW? KIDNFLHBHU[. NU XPBE D?E ?W?H_, PLB-
AIHH_B DIRUE ?TNIK?E, HI XUL TFLFD RIKIDYP[ W?NIKL? ]U\B.
6gBNP LA[ hDIW?X (28).
Heartts. Moque, du grand etai.
"P?TBHHIW? N?LF ZN?L?AW?XID_B cgBNP_, R?D?N_B XX[-
K_XIcDP[ X HUMHUS R?HBf hDIWI U A?PY-hDIWI, ?HU PAFMID LA[
HID[WUXIHU[ hDIW?X DIRUE MB ?TNIK?E, RIR X_hB Z?RIKIHH_B
cgBNP_ (22) LA[ HID[WUXIHU[ XIHD.
3NIW-hDIWU (29).
The collars of a stay. Colliers d'etai.
$E?ABH_[ XBNBXRU, R R?D?N_[ XX[K_XIcDP[ ?P?TIW? N?LI
cgBNP_, ?XIAYHFc gUWFNF UEBc\UB, Z?L?TH_B cgBNPIE X R?H-
f_ hDIW?X XX[KIHH_E; ]NBK ?H_[ ZN?UKX?LUDP[ HID[WUXIHUB
DIANBZIEU (24) hDIW?X (26) U A?PY-hDIW?X (27).
NUEB]IHUB. 3NIW WN?DI-hDIWI (29) BPDY PE?ABHI[ XBNBXRI, R?D?NI[ ?TH?PUDP[ LXI
NIKI KI RH[XLBWBD, ?TbBEA[ ?H_S, UEBBD X XHBhHBE R?HfB UAU ZBDAB XX[-
KIHH_S cgBNP, R?D?N_S P cgBNP?E, XX[KIHH_E X R?HfB hDIWI, PD[WUXIBD-
P[ D?ANBZ?E U ]NBK D? ZN?UKX?L[D HID[WUXIHUB hDIWI. 3NIW g?RI-hDIWI
(29') ?TbBEABD TFhZNUD (I), RAILBDP[ HI
2
/
3
fBA?S BW? LAUH_, UEBBD, Z?-
L?TH? ZBNX?EF, XX[KIHH_S X PBTB cgBNP, R?D?N_S LBAIBDP[ ?P?TBHH_E
?TNIK?E ZN?DUXF ZN?]U`; UT? PRX?KY ?H_S X_PDNBAUXIBDP[ (X_LXUWIBDP[)
FDABWIN (XVII), D? U P?TAcLIcD, ]D?T ?H_S ZN?`?LUA PX?T?LH?. $BS RNIW
PAFMUD LA[ HID[WUXIHU[ g?RI-hDIWI (26')

*
$Z?P?T PBS HI EH?WU` R?NITA[` XX?L[D X FZ?DNBTABHUB, DIR RIR ?H_S PAFMUD
FL?TPDX?E NIKLBAUDY PUAF hDIW?X HI LXF` D?]RI` D?ZI; ZNUD?E NIPZ?AIWIcD, ]D? X?
XNBE[ PNIMBHU[ ?LHUE [LN?E UAU RHUZABE HB E?MBD ZBNBTUDY XLNFW RIR HIPD?[\I-
W? hDIWI, DIR U BW? A?PY-hDIWI. "T_RH?XBHH? MB Z? HIA?MBHUU XIHD HI D?Z EI]D_
HIRAIL_XIBDP[ hDIW U A?PY-hDIW, R?D?N_B XHFDNU ?W?HI PX?BW? P?LBNMID A?HW-
PIAUHWU U ULFD HUMHUEU R?HfIEU X ?ZNBLBABHH?B LA[ U` EBPD?.
121
Z?L?TH_E ?TNIK?E, RIR U WN?DI-hDIW (26) HID[WUXIBDP[. q ?TBU` PU` hDI-
W?X A?PY-hDIWU (27, 27') DIRUB MB UEBcD RNIWU, ?PH?XIHH_B Z?LAB PIE_`
RNIW?X PX?U` hDIW?X, U D[HFDP[ DIANBZIEU P?WAIPH? PX?UE hDIWIE. 3IR
FMB T_A? Z?RIKIH?, RIRUE ?TNIK?E NIKHBPBH_ hDIWU HI D?ZI`-EI]D, D?
L?AMH? P?NIKEBNH? D?EF NIKHBPDU ?H_B U F RNIW?X. :A[ PBW? HI <HWAUS-
PRU` R?NITA[` RNIW WN?DI-hDIWI ULBD D?]H? DIR, RIR X_hB Z?RIKIH?; I RNIW
WN?D-A?PY-hDIWI, TFLF]U XK[D X LUNF HIN?]H?, X X?L?NBKB PLBAIHHFc, U,
X?KX_hI[PY Z?D?E XBNDURIAYH?, ?THUEIBD TFhZNUD (I), FLBNMUXIBDP[ HI
HBE KID[HFD_E TBHKBABE U ZNUTUD_EU LBNBX[HH_EU ZAIHRIEU. 1H_B FD-
XBNMLIcD RNIW PBS X D?E MB EBPDB ZN[E? HI ?LH?E TFhZNUDB. &ZN?]BE,
E?MH? RNIWU WN?DI U A?PY-hDIW?X NIKH?PUDY Z?PNBLPDX?E LBNBX[HH?S Z?-
LFhRU (D?A\UH?c ?R?A? gFDI), XPDIXABHH?S EBMLF HBLWBLfIEU, U LIT_
?HI[ T_AI PR?AYR? E?MH? DXBNMB, D? KIZFPRIcD B[ P X?AYH?S PD?N?H_ R?-
NITA[ RAUH?E, D? BPDY F D?S ]IPDU, R?D?NI[ ?TNI\BHI R R?NEB, RNI[ PH[D_
U PD?N?HI B[ LBAIHI FMB PD?N?H_, ?TNI\BHH?S R H?PF; ZNU PBE PZ?P?TB
RNIW HIPD?[\IW? hDIWI TBNBDP[ HUMB Z?LFhRU, ?ZFPRI[PY Z?]DU HI PIEFc
ZIAFTF, I RNIW A?PY-hDIWI X_hB ?H?S, ]NBK ]D? U P?LBA_XIBDP[ EBMLF UEU
HILABMI\BB NIPPD?[HUB. NUD?E NIPZ?AIWIcD, LIT_ HB ?TNBEBH[DY g?R-
EI]DF (II) WN?DI U A?PY-hDIWIEU, TFLF]U Z? ?LHF B[ PD?N?HF XK[D_EU, UT?
ZNU RUABX?S RI]RB, ULF]U X TBSLBXUHL UAU X WIAgUHL, ?TI PUU hDIWI AB-
MID HI HILXBDNBHH?S B[ PD?N?HB U P?T?c ?TNBEBH[cD BB, D? LA[ PBS ZNU-
]UH_ TBNFD PUU hDIWU Z? NIKH_[ PD?N?H_ g?R-EI]D_. "DH?PUDBAYH? MB
g?RI U A?PY-hDIW?X, LIT_ HUMHUc U` ]IPDY NIKHBPDU P?NIKEBNH? HIA?MB-
HUc XXBN`F HI D?Z EI]D_, D? PABLFBD D?AYR? NIKLXUHFDY RNIWU PU` hDI-
W?X, HIA?MBHH_B HI TFhZNUDB, HI HILABMI\BB NIPPD?[HUB. >UKIHY EI]DI
(IV) UEBBD ?LUH hDIW (21'), R?D?N?S ZN?`?LUD X R?Fh, XX[KIHH_S X PDN?Z
U ZNURNBZABHH_S R WN?D-EI]DB (III) HBEH?W? X_hB hRIHBf (PE. ]BNDBM III,
gUW. k, ?DRFLI ?ZFPRIBDP[ HI ZIAFTF, WLB D[HBDP[ U RNBZUDP[
*
.
-_HB XX?L[D X FZ?DNBTABHUB U HI`?L[D Z?ABKH_E ?PH?X_XIDY TUKIHY-
hDIW PABLFc\UE ?TNIK?E: X HUMHUS R?HBf PBW? hDIWI X_hB PB]BHU[ BW?
P WN?D-EI]D?c XZABPHUXIcD R?HBf (?D hDIWI MB ?DNFTABHH_S), ?D]BW? U
P?PDIXA[cDP[ LXI `X?PDI, ULF\UB ?D hDIWI, R?D?N_B ZN?`?L[D Z? DF U Z?
LNFWFc PD?N?HF WN?D-EI]D_, UEBcD XX[KIHH_B X R?HfI` PX?U` R?FhU; D[-
HFDP[ U RNBZ[DP[ KI ?TF`U HIN?]H? LA[ D?W? XZBNBLU WN?D-EI]D_, HI
hRIHfI` XTUD_B (PE. ]BNDBM X, gUW. 6).
>FhZNUD. Bow-sprit.
Beaupre, ou mat de beaupre.
?RIKIH X_hB PBW? X HIKXIHUU LBNBX Z?L KHIR?E (I), DI-
RBAIM R HBEF ZNUHILABMI\US BPDY PABLFc\US.
&IDBN-XFAUHWU (30).
Gammoning. Roustures d'eau.
$E?ABH_[ D?APD_[ XBNBXRU, ZNURNBZA[c\U[ TFhZNUD R
X?L?NBKF, ?HB RAILFDP[ DIRUE ?TNIK?E: XBNBXRI HBPR?AYRUEU
hAIWIEU (?T?N?DIEU) RNFW?E TFhZNUDI U X PLBAIHHFc LUNF HI
RH[XLBWBDB XK[DI[ (D.B. ZN?LBDI[), ]NBK ]D?, ?TXBND_XI[

*
-I HBR?D?N_` R?NITA[` U ZNU TUKIHY hDIWB (21') UEBcD A?PY-hDIW, R?D?N?S ?PH?-
X_XIBDP[ U D[HBDP[ Z?L?TH? PX?BEF hDIWF.
122
D_XI[ UAU FEID_XI[ P?T?c TFhZNUD, DFW? X_D[WUXIBDP[ U XHUKF
?HIW? RN_MFBDP[ (D.B. TBNBDP[ Z?ZBNBR PX?U` ?T?N?D?X U KIX[K_-
XIBDP[ HIRNBPD). &IDBN-XFAUHWU PAFMID BLUHPDXBHH_E FRNBZAB-
HUBE TFhZNUDI, RAILFDP[ HI ?H?E X LXF` EBPDI`, ?LH? X_hB
LNFWIW? NIPZ?A?MBHH_`, X RIML?E EBPDB LBAIcD LBP[DY U T?ABB
?T?N?D?X PXBN`F TFhZNUDI U X LUNF RNFW?E XK[D_`; I LIT_ ?H_B
Z? TFhZNUDF HB PR?AYKUAU U T_AU X HIZNIXABHUU PX?BE ZBNZBH-
LURFA[NH_ R PLBAIHH?S HI RH[XLBWBDB LUNB, D? FLBNMUXIcD U` X
HIPD?[\BE Z?A?MBHUU HIN?]H? ZNUTUD_EU X?RNFW TFhZNUDI
ZAIHRIEU. &ZN?]BE, L?AMH? KIEBDUDY, ]D? FDXBNMLBHUB TFh-
ZNUDI HBZ?PNBLPDXBHH? PZ?P?TPDXFBD R FRNBZABHUc g?R-EI]D_
(II).
6gBNI LA[ XIDBN-hDIW?X (31).
Dead eyes for the Bob-stay.
Cap-de-mouton pour des sousbarbe de beaupre.
jIR HIK_XIcDP[ cgBNI, ZNURNBZABHH_B R TFhZNUDF P
HUMHBS PD?N?H_ BW? X_hB RNIW?X g?RI-hDIWI, ?HU X? XPBE Z?-
L?TH_ cgBNPIE, X XIHD_ XX[K_XIBE_E
*
, H? NIKEBNBHUBE HBEH?-
W? EBHBB ?H_`.
&IDBN-hDIWU (32).
Bob-stays.
Sous-barbe de beaupre.
$E?ABH_[ XBNBXRU, R?D?N_[ FDXBNMIcD TFhZNUD PHUKF;
?HB ?PH?X_XIcDP[ DIRUE ?TNIK?E: XLBXIcD XBNBXRF L?X?AYH?
LAUHHFc X LUNF, HIN?]H? LA[ PBW? ZN?PXBNABHHFc X ZBNBLHBE
RNIc X?L?NBKI. "TI R?HfI PBS XBNBXRU PZABPHUXIcDP[ XEBPDB U X
HU` XX[K_XIBDP[ cgBNP, R?D?N?S PD[WUXIBDP[ DIANBZIEU P cgBN-
P?E (31) R TFhZNUDF, PHUKF BW? ZNURNBZABHH_E, U ]NBK D? ZN?-
UKX?L[D HID[WUXIHUB XIDBN-hDIW?X.
NUEB]IHUB. NU XX[K_XIHUU cgBNP?X X XIDBN-hDIWU P?TAcLIcD, ]D?T_ ?H_B ZNU
HID[WUXIHUU HB P?hAUPY P cgBNPIEU, HI TFhZNUDB ZNURNBZABHH_EU. &I-
DBN-hDIWU ?T_RH?XBHH? X? XPc PX?c LAUHF DNBHfFcDP[ U RABDHccDP[,
(?TXUXIcDP[ D?HBHYR?S PE?ABH?S XBNBX?]R?S), I HUMH[[ ]IPDY BW? ?ThU-
XIBDP[ R?MBc; ?HU HID[WUXIcDP[ XBPYEI DFW?, LIT_ DXBNMB LBNMIDY TFh-
ZNUD PHUKF, ZN?DUXF LBSPDXF[ PUA g?RI-hDIW?X U g?N-PDBHWU-hDIW?X, R?-
D?N_B D[HFD BW? RXBN`F. &IDBN-hDIW?X ?T_RH?XBHH? T_XIBD DNU; H_HB
X?hA? I FZ?DNBTABHUB LXI XIDBN-hDIWI ?PH?X_XIDY X_hB Z?RIKIHH_E ?T-
NIK?E, I DNBDUS (PIE_S HUMHUS) UEBBD X R?HfB PX?BE XEBPD? cgBNPI XX[-
KIHH_S gFD-TA?R, ULBD ?D X?L?NBKI Z?]DU R PIE?EF mKBAYW?gDF TFhZNUDI
(XIII), WLB DIRMB ZNURNBZA[BDP[ TA?R, R?D?N?S WUHfBE PD[WUXIBDP[ P TA?-
R?E, X XIDBN-hDIWB XX[KIHH_E; PUE PZ?P?T?E Z?AIWIcD W?NIKL? FL?THBB
HID[WUXIDY PBS hDIW.

*
6gBNI X XIDBN-hDIWU U XIDBN-TIRhDIWU XX[K_XIcDP[ HB DIR, RIR X XIHD_ (PE. ]BN-
DBM III, gUW. &), D? BPDY HB X ZBNBA?E, I DIR, RIR gUWFNI F (XX[KIHHIW? R?FhI) Z?RI-
K_XIBD HI ]BNDBMB III.
123
&IDBN-TIRhDIW (33).
Water back-stays. Galhaubans de beaupre.
$E?ABHI[ XBNBXRI, ULF\I[ ?D TFhZNUDI P RIML?S BW?
PD?N?H_, U DBE FLBNMUXBD BW? P T?R?X; X HUMHUS R?HBf PU` TIR-
hDIW?X XX[K_XIBDP[ P R?FhBE WIR (MBABKH_S RNcR), R?D?N_S
KIRAIL_XIBDP[ KI ?TF`, XR?A?]BHH_S P RIML?S PD?N?H_ R?NITA[
Z?LAB TIN`?FDI Z?]DU Z?L PIE_E RNIHTIA?E; X LNFW?S MB R?HBf
3IMLIW? XIDBN-TIRhD?IWI XX[K_XIBDP[ cgBNP, R?D?N_S P cgBN-
PIEU, ZNURNBZABHH_EU Z?LAB RNIW?X g?RI-hDIWI HI RIML?S PD?-
N?HB TFhZNUDI, PD[WUXIBDP[ DIANBZIEU U DBE ZN?UKX?L[D HID[-
WUXIHUB XIDBN-TIRhDIW?X; HI EH?WU` R?NITA[` ?H_B LBAIcDP[
LX?SH_B, DIR RIR U XIDBN-hDIWU (32), D.B. ULFD XXBN` HB ?LHUE, I
?T?UEU PX?UEU R?HfIEU U Z?L?TH? DBE DNBHfFcDP[ U R?Hf_
UEBcD ?RABDHB-XIHH_B.
>IRhDIWU ?D T?RIHfBX (33').
Bumkin back-stays. Galhauban de minois.
&BNBXRU, ULF\U[ XHUK ?D T?RIHfI (PE. ]BNDBM III, gUW.
-), ?HB X_D[WUXIcDP[ U RNBZ[DP[ KI ?TF`U, XTUD_B HI X?L?NBKB;
PAFMID X Z?E?\Y T?RIHfF
*
, FDXBNMLI[ P?T?c BW? PHUKF.
r?ZhDIWU (34). The man ropes of the bowsprit.
Gardecops ausouve garde du beaupre.
&BNBXRU, ULF\U[ ZINIAABAYH? TFhZNUDF (I) ?D BW? mKBAY-
W?gDI (XIII) HI TIR, P?PDIXA[cD N?L Z?NF]HBS, LIT_ E?MH? T_-
A?, X?P`?L[ HI TFhZNUD, LBNMIDYP[ KI HU` NFRIEU. 3IMLI[ UK
PU` XBNBX?R ?LHUE PX?UE R?HfBE ZNUX[K_XIBDP[ R ?TF`F P R?-
FhBE HI RIML?S PD?N?HB, XTUD?EF X XBN`HBS ]IPDU mKBAYW?gDI, I
LNFWUE R?Hf?E ]NBK XX[KIHH_B R?FhU HID[WUXIBDP[ TBHKBABE R
HBLWBLfIE, WLB U RNBZUDP[.
pXUf-PINXBHY (35). Catharpings. Trelingage.
BNBA?E XIHD, UPR?hBHUB ?H_` ?D R?PXBHHIW? U` HI-
ZNIXABHU[ ]NBK PD[WUXIHUB ?LH?S PD?N?H_ XIHD F PBW? ZBNBA?EI
P LNFW?c Z?E?\Uc PDN?Z?X, HIK_XIBE_` PINXBHY-PDN?Z_ (PE.
]BNDBM III, gUW. 1); PUB ZN?UKX?LUDP[ X D?E EBPDB, WLB HI]UHIcD-
P[ R?P_[, UAU ZFDUHP-XIHD_, ?D PBW? PA?EI XIHD P?TAcLIBDP[
LX?SHI[ Z?AYKI: X?-ZBNX_`, FXBAU]UXIBDP[ DFW?PDY XIHD, I X?-
XD?N_`, ]NBK PTAUMBHUB ?H_` EBMLF P?T?c PZ?P?TPDXFcD HUM-
HBEF NBc T?ABB TNIP?ZUDYP[, UAU ZNU`?LUDY X R?PXBHHBShBB P
RUABE Z?A?MBHUB.

*
>?RIHf_, R?N?DRUB LBNBX[HH_B TNFPRU, X_LIXhUBP[ XZBNBL P H?PF R?NITA[, FD-
XBNMLIcDP[ HI WIAYcHB; ?HU PAFMID BLUHPDXBHH? LA[ g?RI-WIAPI, DIR HIK_XIBE?S
XBNBXRU, ULF\BS ?D FWAI ZINFPI, UEBHFBEIW? g?R, ZN?`?L[D X TA?R, HI R?HfB T?RIH-
fI ZNUX[KIHH_S, (PE. ]BNDBM III, gUW. -), ]NBK R?D?N_S ?H_S WIAP HID[WUXIBDP[ U
RNBZUDP[ Z?L TIR?E.
124
NUEB]IHUB. pXUf-PINXBHU LBAIcDP[ PABLFc\UE ?TNIK?E: LA[ ?PH?XIHU[ hXUf-
PINXBH[, X?-ZBNX_`, PAIE_XIcD XIHD_, (D.B. LIcD ?H_E LNFW?B ?D R?PXBH-
HIW? U` HIZNIXABHUB); LA[ PBW? HI RIML?S PD?N?HB Z?ZBNBR XIHD?X (X_-
RAc]I[ ZBNBLHUS U LXF` KILHU`, R?U HB PAIE_XIcDP[), RAILFD W?NUK?H-
DIAYH? X_ET?XRU (N_]IWU), ZNU`XID_XI[ U` R XIHDIE HUMB D?W? EBPDI gF-
DI HI 4 UAU 5, WLB L?AMBH T_DY ?PH?XIH hXUf-PINXBHY; Z?D?E R R?HfIE
RIML?S X_ET?XRU ZNURNBZA[cD DIAU HI RNBPD, R?U` A?ZIN[ ZN?`?L[D X
RIHUgIP-TA?RU, ZNURNBZABHH_B HI PNBLUHB PU` MB X_ET?X?R; Z?PNBLPD-
X?E PBS ?PH?X_ PAIE_XIcDP[ XIHD_ L?D?AB, Z?RI ZNUEFD HILABMI\BB Z?-
A?MBHUB ZBNBA?EI; ?HU HB L?AMH_ EH?W? PAIE_XIDYP[ LA[ ?TABW]BHU[
EI]D_, H? P??TNIKH? L?PDID?]H?EF Z?A?MBHUc PUA_ LA[ FDXBNMLBHU[
PDBHW-XIHD. ? PA?EABHUU XIHD?X X ?ZNBLBABHH?E EBPDB
*
RAILBDP[ W?NU-
K?HDIAYH? Z?ZBNBR ?H_` R?N?DRUS ?TNFT?R XBNBXRU D?A\UH?c ZN?DUXF
XIHD, UEBHFBE_S X?NhD UAU X?NPI, R?D?NIW? KILHUS R?HBf, ]D? R R?NEB,
HBEH?W? FRA?H[cD XHUK LA[ AF]hIW? Z?A?MBHU[ KILHBS ZFDUHP-XIHD_.
$BS X?NhD ZNUX[K_XIBDP[ TBHKBA[EU R RIML?S PA?EABHH?S XIHDB. :? PBW?
XNBEBHU ZN?UKX?LUA?PY ?H?B NIKAU]H_EU PZ?P?TIEU U ]NBK ?Z_D_ L?XB-
LBH? L? AF]hIW? P?XBNhBHPDXI; NIXH? U ?PH?XI PINXBH[ LBAIAIPY NIKAU]-
H?; H? H_HB HIhAU FL?TPDX?E FZ?DNBTA[DY HBPR?AYR? R?N?DRU` PDN?Z?X P
XX[KIHH_EU X R?Hf_ U` R?FhIEU, R?D?N_B UEBHFcDP[ PINXBHY-PDN?Z_
**
.
4BMLF RIML_EU LXFE[ ZN?DUXH_EU XIHDIEU ZNUX[K_XIcD DIR?X?S
PDN?Z, R?D?N?S P ?TBU` PD?N?H P XIHDIEU PD[WUXIBDP[, TFLF]U XK[D TBHKB-
ABE KI X?NPF U KI XIHDF P RIML?S PD?N?H_, U DIRUE ?TNIK?E P? XPBEU XIH-
DIEU hXUf-PINXBHY ?PH?X_XIBDP[. 4BMLF ZN?]UE, UH_B P?TAcLIcD, ]D?-
T_ ZBNBLHU[ XIHD_ T_AU T?ABB, I KILHU[ ?LHI ?LH?S EBHBB PA?EABH_, D?
LA[ PBW? U PINXBHY-PDN?Z_ LBAIcD ?LUH LNFW?XI R?N?]B, PUB PAFMUD FL?T-
PDX?E LA[ ?TNIP?ZRU HUMH[W? NB[, NIXH? U LA[ D?W?, ]D?T KILHU[ XIHD_
T_AU EBHBB PA?EABH_ U UEBAU T_ T?ABB PUA_ LBNMIDY EI]DF KI D?Z; ZNU-
D?E ZBNBLH[[ F HU` XIHDI U ?LHI UAU LXB KILHU[ X?XPB HB PAIE_XIcDP[ U
ZFDUHP-XIHD F HU` HB T_XIBD; PUU HBPA?EIHH_[ XIHD_ DXBNMB LBNMFD
XBNhUHF EI]D_. -IR?HBf, ZBNBLHU[ XIHD_ RABDHccDP[, D? BPDY ?TXUXI-
cDP[ D?HR?c XBNBX?]R?c, LIT_ ZNBL?`NIHUDY U` ?D DNBHU[, ZNU]UH[BEIW?
LNFWUEU PHIPD[EU U HUMHUEU NB[EU, R?D?N_[, TFLF]U ?TNIP?ZABH_,
ZNUMUEIcDP[ R PUE XIHDIE
***
.
jIRUE ?TNIK?E, F RIML?S EI]D_ PLBAIHH_B hXBf-PINIXBHU Z?]UDIcD-
P[ AF]hUEU; X?-ZBNX_`, HB P?BLUH[[PY P EI]D?c, EH?W? ?TABW]IcD D?Z B[,
I X?-XD?N_`, ZNU PUAYH?S T?R?X?S RI]RB LBSPDXFcD HI DFW?PDY XIHD RIR P
HILXBDNBHH?S, DIR U P Z?LXBDNBHH?S PD?N?H_. -BFL?TPDX? MB PBW? hXUf
PINXBH[ BPDY D?, ]D? ZNU LXUMBHUU BW? X? XNBE[ RI]RU ?PAITABXIcD PDBHW-
XIHD_; H? PUB KIEBH[BDP[ DBE, ]D? HI RIMLFc PD?N?HF ZNUX[K_XIcD R
X?NhDF U R XIHDB ?P?TBHH_B DN?P_, HIK_XIBE_B

*
3IRUE ?TNIK?E ?H?B ?ZNBLBA[BDP[, Z?RIKIH? X "Z_DB 4?NPR?S NIRDURU X 139;
XZN?]BE, H_HB RAILBDP[ X?NhD X D?E EBPDB, WLB ?DZF\BHH_S ?DXBP ?D PNBLUH_ Z?-
A?XUH_ KILHBS RNIPZUf_, (XK[D?S ?D XBN`H[W? RNI[ Z?LFhRU, ]D? HI A?HWI-PIAUHWB)
R?PHBD ZBNXFc XIHDF; D? ZN?DUXF PBW? EBPDI ZNUX[K_XIcD ?H_S X?NhD TBHKBA[EU R
RIML?S PA?EABHH?S XIHDB.
**
$INXBHY-PDN?Z?X P]BD?E T_XIBD ?D 5 U L? 7 HB T?ABB, PE?DN[ Z? ]UPAF PA?EABH-
H_` XIHD.
***
BNBLH[[ XIHDI HUPR?AYR? HB EBhIBD ?TNIP?ZRB NB[, UT? ?HI ?D ZN?D[MBHU[
PX?BW? XPBWLI PX?T?LH? Z?LIBDP[.
125
h`BN_, R?D?N_B ULFD HIRNBPD U, ?ZFPRI[PY HI HUK, X_D[WUXIcDP[; ?HU P?-
T?c PZ?P?TPDXFcD R FDXBNMLBHUc XIHD X HIPD?[\BS U` PUAB.
p`BN-XIHD_ (35'), UAU h`BN_. Swifter. Foux haubans.
$E?ABH_[ XBNBXRU, D?A\UH?c NIXH_[ XIHDIE, ?LHUE
PX?UE R?Hf?E NIPZF\BHH_E AIZR?S UAU `X?PDIEU (PE. ]BNDBM
III, gUW. n, L) ZNURNBZA[cDP[ F hXUf-PINXBH[ KI X?NhD U KI XIH-
DF, TFLF]U MB ZNURNBZABHH_EU, ULFD HI RNBPD, D? BPDY: ?D PINXB-
H[ P ZNIX?S PD?N?H_ ULBD h`BN-DN?P HI ABX?S NFPABHY, I ?D PIN-
XBH[ P ABX?S PD?N?H_ HI ZNIX?S NFPABHY, WLB ]NBK XX[KIHH_B X
HU` cgBNI P cgBNIEU, FDXBNMLBHH_EU X NFPAUH[`, D[HFDP[ DIA-
NBZIEU U PZ?P?TPDXFcD P?T?c R FDXBNMLBHUc PDBHW-XIHD U
ZN?].
&IHD-ZFDUHP_ (37).
Futtock or foot-hook-shrouds.
Gambes de hune haubans de revers.
sBABKH_[ Z?A?P_, ULF\U[ ?D ?R?XRU, ?TbBEAc\BS EIN-
P?X_B cgBNI, ZN?ZF\IcDP[ XHUK PRX?KY EINP; X R?HfB PX?BE RI-
MLI[ UEBBD FhR?, KI R?D?N?B WIR?E KIRAIL_XIBDP[ ZFDUHP-XIHDI
(36).
FDUHP-XIHD_ (36).
Fouttock plates. Landes de hune.
$E?ABH_[ XBNBXRU X ?LH?E R?HfB UEBcD XZABPHBHH_B
WIRU, R?D?N_EU KIRAIL_XIcDP[ X LUN_ XIHD-ZFDUHP?X, ?ZF\BH-
H_` ?D EINP?X_` cgBNP?X; I X LNFW?E U` R?HfB XX[K_XIcDP[
R?FhU, ]NBK R?U DIANBZIEU, XK[D_EU KI X?NPF U XIHDF, ]D? ZN?-
DUX BB U PRX?KY PBS R?Fh D[HFDP[; LBSPDXUBE PBW? RIMLI[ ZF-
DUHP-XIHDI ZNUD[WUXIBDP[ R hXUf-PINXBHc (35) U PAFMUD LA[
FRNBZABHU[ PDBHWU ]NBK HID[WUXIHUB PDBHW-XIHD.
4INP?X_B cgBNP_ (22').
Top of dead-eye. Cap-de-mouton serre.
jIR?X_B MB D?]H?, RIR cgBNP_ LA[ HUMHU` XIHD, H? NIK-
EBNBHUBE PX?UE W?NIKL? EBHBB ?H_`. $UU cgBNP_ ?R?X_XIcDP[
MBABK?E U UEBcD F PBT[ HBT?AYh?S `X?PD UAU MBABKHFc Z?A?PF
P PLBAIHH_E X R?HfB B[ FhR?E, R?D?NI[ ZN?ZFPRIBDP[ PRX?KY
EINP LA[ FDXBNMLBHU[ PU` cgBNP?X HI EINPB (PE. ]BNDBM III,
gUW. 4).
NUEB]IHUB. jIR?X_B MB cgBNI TBK ?R?XRU XX[K_XIcDP[ X PDBHW-XIHD_ (XZBNBA?E,
DIR RIR U X XIHD_) U DIANBZIEU PD[WUXIcDP[ P cgBNIEU, FDXBNMLBHH_EU
HI EINPB; ]NBK ?H_B HID[WUXIcDP[ PDBHW-XIHD_; PUAI U FDXBNMLBHUB U`
ZBNBH?PUDP[ ZFDUHP-XIHDIEU (36) R HUMHUE XIHDIE.
^IHIZFDY Z?L EINP?E (30'). Crow-foot. Araignee.
j?HRU[ XBNBX?]RU, ULF\U[ R ZBNBLHBS ]IPDU EINPI (VII)
?D ?P?TBHHIW? N?LI TA?RI, ZNUX[KIHHIW? R EFPUHWF
126
A?PY-hDIWI (27); ?H_[ PAFMID R D?EF, ]D?T_ ZINFP, UEBHFBE_S
EINPBAY, ?T EINP HB ZN?DUNIA? U ]D?T XBDN?E Z?L ?H_S HB KIRU-
L_XIA?. &ZN?]BE, HI HBR?D?N_` <HWAUSPRU` R?NITA[` HB LBAI-
cD WIHIZFDU, H? RNIS EINPI, LIT_ ZINFP ?T BW? HB DBNP[, ?TRAI-
L_XIcD UAU ?ThUXIcD ?]BHY ]UPD? EID?E.
$DBHWI. Top mast. Mat de hune.
?RIKIHI X_hB PBW? X HIKXIHUU LBNBX. jIRBAIM, R HBS
ZNUHILABMI\US U HI HBB HIRAIL_XIBE_S, BPDY HUMB PABLFc-
\US.
NUEB]IHUB. 3IR UKXBPDH?, ]D? PDBHWI ZNUP?BLUH[BDP[ R EI]DB mKBAYW?gD?E, PRX?KY
R?D?N?S ?HI ZN?`?LUD PHUKF XXBN`, X_PDNBABHHI[ MB, PD?UD HI hAIWW?XB;
ZNUD?E L?AMH? KIEBDUDY, ]D? PDBHWU, U TFLF]U HB ?PHI\BHH_EU, T_XIcD
?ZF\BH_ HI HUK, U R?WLI `?D[D ?H_[ ?PHI\UXIDY, D? ZNBMLB HIA?MBHU[ HI
HU` DIRBAIMI L?AMH? RIR KIZIPH_[, DIR U HIPD?[\U[ PDBHWU ZN?WHIDY L?
hAIWD?XI PRX?KY mKBAYW?gD; Z? PLBAIHUU ?HIW? ?PDIXA[cD HIPD?[\Fc
PDBHWF, ?ZF\BHH?c ZNU PX?BE EBPDB. 3?WLI MB HIL?TH? X??NFMIDY, D?
ZNUZ?LHUEIcD PDBHWF DIR, ]D?T_ D?Z B[ XBPY ZN?hBA P UKT_DR?E PRX?KY
mKBAYW?gD; D?WLI HIRAIL_XIcD HI D?Z-PDBHWU PIAUHW, R R?D?N?EF ZNUTU-
XIcD, Z?L?TH? RIR F EI]D_ Z? PD?N?HIE, HBT?AYhU[ LBNBX[HH_[ Z?LFh-
RU, HI R?D?N_[ HIRAIL_XIcD ZNUHILABMI\US DIRBAIM (PE?ABH_[ XBNBX-
RU). 4BMLF ZN?]UE, HB TBPZ?ABKH? KHIDY, ]D? LAUHI A?HW U RNIPZUf PI-
AUHW?X PDBHW?X_` BPDY
5
/
12
LAUH_ ?LH?UE[HH_` UE PIAUHW?X ZNU EI]DB.
$DBHW-X_HDNBZ (38). Top-rope. Guinderesse.
-BPE?ABHI[ XBNBXRI (Z?-HIPD?[\BEF L?AMH? HIK_XIDY
PDBHW-X_HDNBZ-hRBHDBAY), ZNUX[KIHHI[ ?LHUE R?Hf?E KI ZBNBL-
HUS ?TF`, FRNBZABHH_S X EI]D?X?E mKBAYW?gDB, I LNFWUE R?Hf?E
ZN?`?LUD X hRUX, HI`?L[\USP[ X hZ?NB PDBHWU, U ?TNI\IBDP[ X
TA?RB, KIA?MBHH_S KI KILHUS ?TF`, X D?E MB mKBAYW?gDB FDXBN-
MLBHH_S, ?D R?BW?, ZN?PDUNI[PY, X R?HfB PX?BE UEBBD XZABPHBH-
H_S R?Fh, KI R?D?N_S KIRAIL_XIcDP[ DIAU, HIK_XIBE_[ PDBHW-
X_HDNBZ-DIAU; ?H_EU Z?LHUEIBDP[ PDBHWI XXBN` U ?ZFPRIBDP[ HI
HUK. $DBHW-X_HDNBZ_ HIKXIHUB PX?B UEBcD ?D PDBHWU, ZNU R?D?-
N?S ?HU HI`?L[DP[, RIR HIZNUEBN: WN?D-PDBHW-X_HDNBZ U ZN?].
NUEB]IHUB. $DBHW-X_HDNBZ?X HI T?AYhU` PFLI` T_XIBD F RIML?S PDBHWU Z? LXI,
LA[ ]BW? U X PDBHWI` LBAIBDP[ LXI hRUXI, ?LUH X_hB LNFW?W? NIPZ?A?MBH-
H_B, RN?EB RNcP-PDBHWU (XVI), F R?BS XPBWLI T_XIBD ?LUH hRUX. j?A\UHI
PDBHW-X_HDNBZI BPDY
3
/
7
D?A\UH_ PDBHWU F hZ?NI.
$DBHW-XIHD_ (39).
Top mast shrouds.
Haubans des mats de hune.
$E?ABH_[ XBNBXRU, R?D?N_[ ZBNX_[ HIRAIL_XIcDP[ HI
D?Z-PDBHWU Z?ZINH? D?]H? DIR, RIR U XIHD_ HI EI]DF. "HB X R?H-
fI` PX?U` UEBcD XX[KIHH_B cgBNI, R?U P cgBNIEU, HI EINPB
(22') FDXBNMLBHH_EU, DIANBZIEU (24) PD[WUXIcDP[;
127
Z?PNBLPDX?E ?H_` HID[WUXIcD PDBHW-XIHD_, R?D?N_EU LBNMUDP[
PDBHWI P T?R?X. j?A\UHI U` ?R?A?
1
/
4
LUIEBDNI PDBHWU.
NUEB]IHUB. -I 74-ZFhB]H?E R?NITAB WN?D-PDBHWI (XIV) UEBBD 6, g?N-PDBHWI
(XV)5, I RNcP-PDBHWI (XVI)4 XIHD_.
>IRhDIWU (40).
Breast-back-stays. Galhaubans.
$E?ABH_[ XBNBXRU, HIA?MBHH_[ HI D?Z-PDBHWU Z?PAB
PDBHW-XIHD (39) X Z?E?\Y R ?H_E, LBNMID PDBHWF P T?R?X
*
. >IR-
hDIWU ZN?L?AMIcDP[ HI HUK U UEBcD X R?HfI` PX?U` XZABPHBH-
H_B TA?RU, UAU R?FhU, KI R?D?N_B KIRAIL_XIcD P EIHD_ABE, UAU
ZN?PD_[ DIAU, HIK_XIBE_[ TIRhDIW-DIAU, ]NBK R?D?N_[ TIRhDIWU
X_D[WUXIcDP[. j?A\UHI TIRhDIW?X BPDY Z?]DU
1
/
3
LUIEBDNI PDBH-
WU.
NUEB]IHUB. >IRhDIW?X T_XIBD DNU: ZBNBLHUS UK HU` HI RIML?S PD?N?HB HIK_XIBD-
P[ ZBNBH?PH_S TIRhDIW, XD?N?SAcg-TIRhDIW U DNBDUS, ?D TNIE-PDBHWU,
(XXVIII)TNIE-TIRhDIW. 3 WN?D U g?N-TNIE-PDBHWIE ZNUTIXA[cD UH?WLI
Z? ?LH?EF AUhHBEF TIRhDIWF; WAIXH_B UK HU` D[HFDP[ Z?PNBLPDX?E EIH-
D_A[ U DIABS, D? BPDY: R?N?DR?S R?HBf XBNBXRU, KIRNBZABHH_S ?LHUE R?H-
f?E KI ?TF` HI NFPAUHB, ULBD LNFWUE PZ?UE R?Hf?E X TA?R, XZABPHBHH_S
X TIRhDIWB, U, ZN?`?L[ ]NBK ?H_S, XX[K_XIcD X HBW? R?Fh UAU TA?R, P R?-
D?N_E TIRhDIW-DIAU, KIA?MBHH_[ KI LNFW?S ?TF`, HI NFPABHB XR?A?]BH-
H_S, ?PH?X_XIcDP[; A?Z?N[ (R?Hf_) ?D PU` DIABS ULFD X Z?ND UAU X HI-
N?]H? PLBAIHHFc X T?NDF LUNF, ?TUDFc PXUHf?E, (PE. ZAIH <, Z?K. f")
ZN?`?L[D HI hRIHf_ U ZN?]U[ EBPDI, RFLI PABLFBD, WLB D[HFDP[ U RNBZ[DP[
Z? PZ?P?TH?PDU.
3IHINBS PDN?Z.
$DN?ZRI, PLBAIHHI[ ?P?TBHHIW? N?LF P ?]RIEU, ?HI[ HI-
RAIL_XIBDP[ HI PDBHWF HUMB PIAUHWI, ?TbBEABD P?T?c ZBNBH?P-
H_B TIRhDIWU, ?]RU PKILU PX[K_XIcDP[ TBHKBABE U Z?-E?\Uc
ZNUX[KIHH?S XBNBXRU
**
, ZN?`?L[\BS X TA?]UR, Z?L PIAUHW?E
ZNURNBZABHH_S, U ?DD[MRU, XK[D?S ?D PDN?ZI HI HUK: PBS PDN?Z
`?LUD Z? PDBHWB XHUK U XXBN` PX?T?LH? U PAFMUD LA[ D?W?, ]D?,
R?WLI X? XNBE[ FEBHYhBHU[ ZINFP?X, HIK_XIBE_` EINPBAU, NB[
HI`?LUDP[ X NIKH_` D?]RI` PDBHWU, WA[L[, HIPR?AYR? FEBHYhBH
ZINFP, ]NBK ]D? U ZBNBH?PUD P?T?c PUAF HIZ?NI XBDNI (LBSPD-
XFc\US HI E?NPBAY, I ?D ?HIW? HI PDBHWF); D? X DIR?X?E PAF]IB
RIHINBS-PDN?Z, ?TbBEAc\US PDBHWF U KIRAc]Ic\US X PBTB ZB-
NBH?PH_B TIRhDIWU, TFLF]U ?ZF\BHH_E XHUK Z? PDBHWB, I XEBPDB
P DBE U KIRAc]BHH_B X PDN?ZB TIRhDIWU A?MIDP[ Z? ?H?S; WLB MB
PBS

*
>IRhDIWU RAILFDP[ Z?N?KHY HI DF U HI LNFWFc PD?N?HF, H? E?WFD T_DY U NIKTUX-
H_B; KILHUB MB, D.B. Acg-TIRhDIWU, XPBWLI T_XIcD NIKTUXH_B.
**
3?D?NI[ KIX[K_XIBDP[ KI PLBAIHHFc ZNU PDN?ZB AIZRF LA[ D?W?, ]D?T_ PDN?Z N?X-
H? `?LUA Z? PDBHWB; DIR U F ?DD[MRU LA[ PBS MB ZNU]UH_ LBAIcD DIR?XFc MB AIZRF.
3IHINBS PDN?Z FZ?DNBTA[BDP[ D?AYR? D?WLI, R?WLI P?PD?UD X HBE HIL?TH?PDY, X ZN?-
]BB MB XNBE[ T_XIBD ?H FTNIH HI EINPB.
128
PDN?Z ?PDIH?XUDP[, D? ?D D?S D?]RU PRIKIHH_B TIRhDIWU, TFLF]U
X R?PXBHH?E Z?A?MBHUU X_D[HFD_, FLBNMUXIcD P?T?c HIZN[-
MBHUB PDBHWU U DBE ?TABW]IcD BB ?D HIZ?NF XBDNI, P??T\IBEIW?
BS ]NBK ZINFP.
$DBHW-g?NLFH_ (41).
Aster-back-stays. Galhaubans.
$E?ABH_[ XBNBXRU, HIA?MBHH_[ HI D?Z PDBHWU, PXBN` Z?-
RIKIHHIW? DIRBAIMI Z? ZINB HI PD?N?HB, LBNMID PDBHWF PKILU.
o?NLFH_ ?ZF\IcDP[ HI HUK U UEBcD X R?HfI` PX?U` XX[KIHH_B
cgBNI
*
, R?D?N_B P cgBNIEU, FDXBNMLBHH_EU HI NFPABH[`, PD[-
WUXIcDP[ DIANBZIEU U DBE ZN?UKX?LUDP[ HID[WUXIHUB g?NLFH?X;
D?A\UHI ?H_` BPDY Z?]DU
1
/
3
LUIEBDNI PX?BS PDBHWU.
$DBHW-hDIW (42).
Top mast stays. Etais des mat de hyne.
$E?ABHI[ XBNBXRI, R?D?NI[ LBNMUD PDBHWF PZBNBLU, HI-
RAIL_XBDP[ HI ?HFc PXBN` XPBW? DIRBAIMI ?W?H?E, (?MBNBAYB
UAU T?AYhI[ ZBDA[). 3IML?S PDBHWU hDIW ZN?`?LUD X HIKHI]BH-
H?B LA[ HBW? EBPD?, ?ZFPRIBDP[ HI HUK, WLB X_D[WUXIBDP[ DIA[EU
U RNBZUDP[; D?A\UHI hDIW?X Z?AIWIBDP[ HBEH?W? T?ABB
1
/
3
LUI-
EBDNI PX?U` PDBHW.
r?PY-PDBHW-hDIW (43).
Top mast perventer stays. Foux etai de perroquet.
$E?ABHI[ XBNBXRI X Z?E?\Y R PDBHW-hDIWF (42), X? XPBE
BEF Z?L?THI, ULBD HUMB BW?, D[HBDP[ P?WAIPH? P ?H_E U RNBZUDP[
DIR, RIR ?H_S, X ?ZNBLBABHH?E EBPDB. j?A\UHI A?PY-hDIW?X BPDY
1
/
4
LUIEBDNI PX?U` PDBHW.
NUEB]IHUB. ^N?D-PDBHW-hDIW (42) ZN?`?LUD X TA?R, HI D?Z g?R-EI]D_ (II) ZNUX[-
KIHH_S, I WN?D-A?PY-PDBHW-hDIW (43) X TA?R, HIL g?R?X_E hXUf-PINXBHBE
R EI]DB ZNURNBZABHH_S; ?D R?U` ?ZFPRIcDP[ ?HU XHUK HI TIR (PE. ZAIH <,
Z?K. a'''), WLB U D[HFDP[ WUHPIEU. o?N-PDBHW-hDIW (42) U g?N-A?PY-PDBHW-
hDIW (43'), ZN?`?L[D X hRUX_, XPDIXABHH_B X ]URPI` P ?TBU` PD?N?H TFh-
ZNUDI (I), U ULFD Z? ?H?EF; D[HFDP[ `XID-DIA[EU U RNBZ[DP[ HI TIRB.
3NcSP-PDBHWU-hDIW (42") ULBD X TA?R HIL WN?D?X_E hXUf-PINXBHBE, R
WN?D-EI]DB (III) ZNUX[KIHH_S, D[HBDP[ HI WN?D-EINPB (VII), WLB U RNBZUDP[;
A?PY-hDIWI F PBS PDBHWU HB T_XIBD. :A[ HIKXIHU[ RIMLIW? UK PU` hDIW?X
ZNUTIXA[BDP[ UE[ D?S PDBHWU, HI R?D?NFc ?H_S HIA?MBH, RIR HIZNUEBN:
WN?D-PDBHW-hDIW, WN?D-A?PY-PDBHW-hDIW U ZN?].
r?PY-hDIWU XPBWLI ULFD HUMB PX?U` hDIW?X LA[ D?W?, ]D? Z? ?H_E

*
$UU cgBNI ?LUHIR?X?S XBAU]UH_, P cgBNIEU, X PDBHWB-XIHDI` XX[KIHH_EU; NIXH?
U HI NFPABH[` FDXBNMLBHH_B cgBNI LA[ g?NLFH?X NIKEBN?E PX?UE EBHBB DB`, ]D?
LA[ XIHD; UH?WLI ?HU FDXBNMLIcDP[ HI ?P?TBHH_` HBT?AYhU` NFPABH[`, PLBAIHH_`,
?DPDFZ[ ?D HIPD?[\U`, HBEH?W? R R?NEB, WLB TFLF]U FDXBNMLBHH_EU, PAFMID BLUH-
PDXBHH? LA[ HID[WUXIHU[ PDBHW U TNIE-g?NLFH?X.
129
`?L[D R?P_B ZINFPI, UEBHFBE_B PDIRPBAU, U Z?D?EF ?HU, TFLF]U HIA?-
MBHH_EU Z?PAB PX?U` hDIW?X, ZN?ZFPRIcDP[ PRX?KY ?W?HI-hDIW?X; XZN?-
]BE, E?MH? ?H_B ZNBMLB, I hDIWU Z?PAB HI D?Z-PDBHWU HIRAIL_XIDY.
qDABWINY. Jib bom. Baton de foc.
?RIKIH X HIKXIHUU LBNBX Z?L KHIR?E (XVII). jIRBAIM HI
HBW? HIRAIL_XIBE_S U R HBEF ZNUHILABMI\US BPDY PABLFc\US:
qDABWINY-gIA (44). Jib bom Halliard. Baton de foc, drisse.
&BNBXRI, R?Bc FDABWINY X_PDNBAUXIBDP[ (X_LXUWIBDP[)
XZBNBL, ?HI[ RNBZUDP[ ?LHUE R?Hf?E KI ?TF`, FDXBNMLBHH_S X
mKBAYW?gDB TFhZNUDI (XIII), I LNFW?S B[ R?HBf ZN?`?LUD X hRUX,
X hZ?NB FDABWIN[ XPDIXABHH_S, ?TNI\IBDP[ ?D ?HIW? X TA?R Z?
LNFWFc PD?N?HF mKBAYW?gDI, KI ?TF` ZNUX[KIHH_S, ULBD ?D HBW?
HI TIR (PE. ZAIH <, Z?K. I'''), WLB ?H_S gIA D[HBDP[ U RNBZUDP[ X
?ZNBLBABHH?E EBPDB; D?A\UHI BW? BPDY Z?]DU
1
/
3
LUIEBDNI FDAB-
WIN[.
qDABWINY-ZBND (45).
Jib boom Hors, or foot rope.
Baton de foc marchepied.
&BNBXRI, HIA?MBHHI[ XLX?B HI R?HBf FDABWIN[ P FKAIEU,
HIK_XIBE_EU EFPUHWU, ULBD Z? ?LHF U LNFWFc PD?N?HF FDABWIN[
U RNBZUDP[ F mKBAYW?gDI (XIII); PAFMUD LA[ PD?[HU[ HI ?H?S Ac-
L[E ZNU FTUNIHUU ZINFPI, R FDABWINc ZNUHILABMI\IW?.
qDABWINY-TIR-hDIWU (46).
Jib boom back-stays. Baton de foc gal-haubans.
&BNBXRI, HIA?MBHHI[ XLX?B HI R?HBf FDABWIN[, LBNMUD
?H_S P T?R?X; FDABWINY-TIRhDIWU ZN?L?AMIcDP[ ?D R?HfI Z?
?LHF U LNFWFc PD?N?HF FDABWIN[, ZN?`?L[D PRX?KY R?FhU HI
TAUHLI-NBU, X ?ZNBLBABHH?E EBPDB (TAUK HI]IAI H?RI) ZNUX[KIH-
H_B, ZN?PDUNIcDP[ HI TIR, WLB D[HFDP[ U RNBZ[DP[.
4INDBH-hDIW (47).
Martingal-stay. Martingales-etai.
&BNBXRI, PAFMI\I[ R FDXBNMLBHUc FDABWIN[ PHUKF; ?HI[
?PH?X_XIBDP[ PABLFc\UE ?TNIK?E: F EINDBH-WURI (XIX) HIL
XBN`HUE hRUX?E LBAIBDP[ LUNI, X R?D?NFc ZN?LBXIcD ?LHUE
R?Hf?E EINDBH-hDIW, I HI LNFW?E BW? R?HfB LBAIcD RH?Z (FKBA),
R?D?N_E ?H_S hDIW, L?SL[ L? EINDBH-WURI, FLBNMUXIBDP[ U ?D
?HIW? X?KX_hIBDP[ X TA?R
*
R R?HfF FDABWIN[, XHUKF BW? ZNUX[-
KIHH_S, ?D R?BW? ZN?PDUNIBDP[ XBN`HUS hRUX, X EINDBH-WUR
XPDIXABHH_S, X?KX_hIBDP[ ?D

*
>A?R PBS T_XIBD LXF`hRUXH_S LA[ D?W?, ]D? ?D FDABWIN[ PRX?KY BW? ULFD LXI EIN-
DBH-hDIWI.
130
HBW? X TA?]UR, F RNIW?X g?RI-hDIWI ZNURNBZABHH_S, ?D R?BW? U
ZN?L?AMIBDP[ HI TIR. 4INDBH-hDIW?X T_XIBD LXI, ?H_B ?PH?X_-
XIcDP[ ?LUHIR?X? U, X?KX_hI[PY RIML_S ?D PX?BW? EINDBH-WURI
Z? DF U LNFWFc PD?N?HF TFhZNUDI, ZN?PDUNIcDP[ HI TIR, WLB
?H_B hDIWU D[HFDP[ U RNBZ[DP[.
NUEB]IHUB. j?A\UHI FDABWINY-ZBND?X, TIRhDIW?X U EINDBH-hDIW?X BPDY
1
/
4
D?A\U-
H_ PIEIW? FDABWIN[.
>?E-FDABWINY. Jib bom royal.
Perroquet Tolant, Baton de foc.
?RIKIH X HIKXIHUU LBNBX Z?L KHIR?E (XVIII); X??NFMB-
HUB BW? D?]H? DIR?B MB, RIR U FDABWIN[, P ZNUA?MBHUBE R RIML?S
XB\U PX?BW? UEBHU, RIR HIZNUEBN: T?E-FDABWINY-TIRhDIW (46'),
T?E-FDABWINY-ZBND (45') U ZN?].
-UMHUS TIR-hDIW,
UAU EINDBH-hDIW ?D T?E-FDABWIN[ (47').
&BNBXRI, HIA?MBHHI[ XLX?B HI R?HBf T?E-FDABWIN[, ZN?-
PDUNIBDP[ ?T?UEU R?HfIEU R?PXBHH? XHUK, UK R?D?N_` RIML_S
ULBD X HUMHUS hRUX, F ?LH?W? U LNFWIW? EINDBH-WURI (XIX) NIP-
Z?A?MBHH_S, ?D R?U` X?KX_hIBDP[, D[HBDP[ U RNBZUDP[ D?]H?
DIR, RIR U EINDBH-hDIW (47), ?D FDABWIN[ ULF\US.
NUEB]IHUB. j?A\UHI T?E-FDABWINY-ZBND?X, T?E-FDABWINY-TIRhDIW?X U EINDBH-
hDIW?X BPDY
1
/
4
D?A\UH_ T?E-FDABWIN[. 4BMLF ZN?]UE, RIRUE ?TNIK?E FD-
ABWINY U T?E-FDABWINY ZNUP?BLUH[cDP[ R TFhZNUDF, ? D?E T_A? Z?RIKIH?
X HIKXIHUU LBNBX.
lI UPRAc]BHUBE X_hB Z?RIKIHHIW? X??NFMBHU[ XD?N_` ]IPDH_` LB-
NBX LA[ Z?P?TU[ X RNBZRUS XBDN PDBHW-XIHDIE KIRAIL_XIcDP[ DIAU, HIK_-
XIBE_[ hZIHB-DIAU, LA[ ?H_` HIN?]H? HIRAIL_XIcDP[ HI D?Z PDBHWU
hRBHDBA[
*
, KI R?U X? XNBE[ HIL?TH?PDU KIRAIL_XIcD PRIKIHH_[ DIAU, R?-
U` HUMHUS TA?R KIRAIL_XIBDP[ F RNI[ EINPI, WLB PUU DIAU X_D[WUXIcDP[ U
RNBZ[DP[.
jIRUE ?TNIK?E, Z?RIKIX X??NFMBHUB XD?N_` ]IPDH_` LBNBX, P?PD?[-
\U` F EI]D U TFhZNUDI, DBZBNY PABLFBD X??NFMBHUB DNBDY[W? ]IPDHIW?
LBNBXI, HIK_XIBEIW? TNIE-PDBHWI.
>NIE-PDBHWI. Top gallant mast. Mats de perroquet.
?RIKIHI X_hB PBW? X HIKXIHUU LBNBX Z?L KHIR?E
(XXVIII U ZN?].); DIRBAIM, R HBS ZNUHILABMI\US U HI HBB HI-
RAIL_XIBE_S, BPDY HUMBPABLFc\US
**
.

*
:?AMH? KIEBDUDY, ]D? PUU hRBHDBA[ PABLFBD ZNBMLB PDBHW-XIHD HI D?Z PDBHWU
HIRAIL_XIDY.
**
>NIE-PDBHWU Z?LHUEIcDP[ XXBN` W?NLBHBE U, ZN?ZFPDUX U` PR?AYR? HFMH? PRX?KY
PIAUHW (XXI) U TNIE-mKBAYW?gD (XXVII), ZNBMLB PABLFBEIW? HI HU` DIRBAIMI, HI-
RAIL_XIcD TNIE-PIAUHW (XXXI) Z?L?TH?, RIR PIAUHW HI PDBHWF: R HBEF ZNUTUXIcD
Z? PD?N?HIE BW? HBT?AYhU[ Z?LFhRU, HI R?D?N_[ HIRAIL_XIcD HILABMI\US DIRB-
AIM. >NIE-PIAUHWU X? XPBE Z?L?TH_ PIAUHWIE, H? NIKEBNBHUBE PX?UE HBEH?W?
T?AYhB, ]BE XZ?A?XUHF U`, UAU
7
/
12
LAUH_ ?LH?UE[HH_` UE PIAUHW?X ZNU PDBHWB.
&ZN?]BE, BMBAU TNIE-PDBHWU X??NFMIcDP[ TBK T?E-TNIE-PDBHW (XXXV U ZN?].), D?
D?WLI, Z?LH[XhU U`, ZN?ZFPRIcD gAIWhD?R PRX?KY PIAUHW U TNIE-mKBAYW?gD U XEB-
PD? Z?LFhBR LA[ DIRBAIMI, ]D?T_ ?H?S HB ZBNBDUNIAP[, HIRAIL_XIcD ZNBMLB, XPBW?
131
>NIE-XIHD_ (48).
Top gallant shrouds. Haubans du perroquet.
$E?ABH_[ XBNBXRU, R?D?N_[ ZBNX_[ HIRAIL_XIcDP[ HI
TNIE-PDBHWF, LBNMID BB P T?R?X; ?HB ZN?`?L[D X LUN_ HI ?R?HB]-
H?PD[`, F RNIPZUf-PIAUHW?X PLBAIHH_[ U ?TUD_[ R?MBc, ?DRFLI
ZN?PDUNIcDP[ Z? PDBHW-XIHDIE XL?AY ?H_` L? EINPI, WLB X_Z[-
]UXIcDP[ DIANBZ?E, ZN?`?L[\UE X R?FhU, UK R?U` ?LUH ZNUX[-
KIH F cgBNPI Z?LAB PIEIW? EINPI, I LNFW?S HI`?LUDP[ X R?HfB
TNIE-XIHD_. j?A\UHI ?H_` BPDY
2
/
5
D?A\UH_ PX?BS TNIE-PDBHWU.
NUEB]IHUB. &EBPD? X?NhDI LA[ HID[WUXIHU[ TNIE-XIHD HBEH?W? Z?HUMB PIAUHWI
XXBN`F PDBHW-XIHD ZNUX[K_XIcDP[ Z?ZBNBR U` LBNBX[HH_[ NIPZ?NRU P RI-
ML?S PD?N?H_, EBMLF R?D?N_EU ?PH?X_XIBDP[ PDBHW?X?S hXUf-PINXBHY,
Z?L?TH_S HUMHBEF PINXBHc, R?D?N_S PZ?P?TPDXFBD FLBNMUXIDY PDBHW-
XIHD_ X HIPD?[\BE U` Z?A?MBHUU U Z?LIBD PNBLPDX? HILBMH_B FDXBNLUDY
TNIE-PDBHWF; UT? ZNU X_D[WUXIHUU TNIE-XIHD, XK[D_` KI X?NhD, PDBHW-
XIHD_ LIABR? T_ ?D`?LUAU ?D PDBHWU U ]NBK D? ?TBK?TNIMUXIA? T_ X??NF-
MBHUB; I ZNUD?E R?PXBHH?B Z?A?MBHUB TNIE-XIHD ZNU U` WUZ?DBHFKB HB
E?WA? T_ UEBDY PD?AYR? PUA_, PR?AYR? ?HB UEBcD PB]BHUBE PX?UE Z?L
DFZ_E FWA?E R PDBHW-XIHDIE D?WLI, R?WLI T_XIcD X_D[HFD_.
>NIE-TIRhDIWU (49).
Top gallat breast stays.
Gaihaubans du perroquet.
$E?ABH_[ XBNBXRU HI R?NITA[` Z? ZINB HI PD?N?HB U HI
gNBWIDI` U ZN?]U` PFLI` Z? ?LH?EF; Z?PAB XIHD HI TNIE-PDBHWF
HIA?MBHH_[, ULFD ?D ?H?S Z? ?LHF U LNFWFc PD?N?HF, LBNMID BB
P T?R?X U ?ZFPRIcDP[ HI HUK R NFPABH[E (21), WLB D[HFDP[ Z?-
PNBLPDX?E DIABS, HIK_XIBE_` TNIE-TIRhDIW-DIAU. j?A\UHI
TNIE-TIRhDIW?X BPDY
2
/
5
D?A\UH_ PX?BS TNIE-PDBHWU.
>NIE-g?NLFH_ (50).
Top gallant back-stays.
Gaihaubans du perroquet.
$E?ABH_[ XBNBXRU BPDY D? MB, ]D? U PDBHW-g?NLFH_ (41),
HI R?NITA[` T_XIBD Z? ZINB HI RIML?S PD?N?HB TNIE-PDBHWU, HI
gNBWIDI` U ZN?]U` PFLI` Z? ?LH?EF HI PD?N?HB; ?HB HIRAIL_XI-
cDP[ HI TNIE-PDBHWU Z?PAB HIA?MBHU[ XPBW?

HI TNIE-PDBHWF XBNBX?]H?S RNIHBf (XBNBX?]H?B R?AYf?), HI R?D?N?S U HI]UHIcD
DIRBAIM Z?PAB HIRAIL_XIDY. 4BMLF ZN?]UE, L?AMH? KIEBDUDY, ]D? RIR TNIE-PDBHWI,
DIR U T?E-TNIE-PDBHWI, X_PDNBABHH_[ (UAU Z?LH[D_[ XXBN`), PD?[D HI hAIWD?XI`;
ZNU X_PDNBAUXIHUU ?HB ZN?`?L[D EBMLF A?HW-PIAUHWIEU U EBMLF LXFE[ RNIPZUfI-
EU, R?U XZBNBLU D?ZI PDBHWU HI`?L[DP[; ZBNBLHUE RNIPZUf?E FLBNMUXIBDP[ FLIAB-
HUB U` ?D D?ZI, I KILHUS RNIPZUf HB L?ZFPRIBD ZNU Z?LHUEIHUU U ?ZFPRIHUU U`
DBNBDY HIA?MBHH_S HI D?Z PDBHWU DIRBAIM.
132
X_hB Z?RIKIHHIW? DIRBAIMI, ULFD XHUK R EIA_E NFPABH[E, PLB-
AIHH_E Z?KILU T?AYhU` TAUMB R R?NEB, WLB D[HFDP[ ]NBK cgBNI
DIANBZIEU; PAFMID X Z?E?\Y TNIE-XIHDIE LA[ LBNMIHU[ TNIE-
PDBHWU PKILU. j?A\UHI U` NIXHI D?A\UHB TNIE-XIHD.
>NIE-hDIW (51).
Top gallant stays. Etai de perroquet.
$E?ABHI[ XBNBXRI, PXBN` XPBW? DIRBAIMI HIA?MBHHI[
*
,
LBNMUD TNIE-PDBHWF PZBNBLU U ULBD ?D ?H?S XHUK X HIKHI]BHH?B
LA[ HBW? EBPD?, WLB D[HBDP[ U RNBZUDP[; D?A\UHI TNIE-hDIW?X
NIXHI
1
/
2
D?A\UHB PX?U` TNIE-PDBHW.
NUEB]IHUB. ^N?D-TNIE-hDIW (51) ULBD ?D WN?D-TNIE-PDBHWU (XXVIII) HI g?N-PIAUHW
(XXII), WLB F g?N-TNIE-mKBAYW?gDI (XXVII) ZNUX[K_XIBDP[ TA?R UAU X R?-
D?N_S ?H_S hDIW ZN?`?LUD, ?DRFLI ?ZFPRIBDP[ XHUK (XVIII), WLB D[HBDP[ U
RNBZUDP[. o?N-TNIE-hDIW (51') ULBD X XLBAIHH_S hRUX UAU ZNUX[KIHH_S
TA?R HI R?HfB FDABWIN[ (XVII), ?D R?BW? ZN?PDUNIBDP[ HI TIR, WLB D[HBDP[
U RNBZUDP[. 3NcSP-TNIE-hWIW (51"), ULBD X TA?R, ZNUX[KIHH_S F XBNhUH_
D?ZI WN?D-EI]D_ (III), ?D R?BW? ?ZFPRIBDP[ PRX?KY EINP HI ZIAFTF, WLB D[-
HBDP[ U RNBZUDP[.
>NIE-W?NLBHY (52).
Top-gallant-rope. Cartaheu du perroquet.
-BPE?ABHI[ XBNBXRI, PAFMI\I[ R Z?LHUEIHUc U ?ZFPR-
HUc TNIE-PDBHW (DIRMB U TNIE-NBBX); ?LUH R?HBf PBW? W?NLBH[
KIRNBZA[BDP[ KI ?TF`, XTUD_S XHUKF TNIE-mKBAYW?gDI, I LNFW?S
BW? R?HBf ZN?`?LUD ]NBK hRUX, HI`?L[\USP[ X hZ?NB TNIE-
PDBHWU, ?DRFLI ULBD X TA?R, ZNUX[KIHH_S Z? LNFWFc PD?N?HF R
HUMHBS WNIHU D?W? M mKBAYW?gDI U, ?ZFPRI[PY HI HUK, D[HBDP[; ?H
KIPDFZIBD EBPD? X_HDNBZI LA[ Z?LH[DU[ TNIE-PDBHWU; R?WLI MB
?HI[ Z?LH[DI U PD?UD HI hAIWD?XB, D?WLI TNIE-W?NLBHY FZ?DNBT-
A[cD LA[ Z?LHUEIHU[ UPZFPRIHU[ TNIE-NBBX, ? ]BE X PX?BE EBP-
DB TFLBD Z?RIKIH?.
>?E-TNIE-PDBHWI.
Top gallant royal mast.
Mat de perroquet volant.
?RIKIHI X_hB PBW? X HIKXIHUU LBNBX Z?L KHIR?E
(XXXV); DIRBAIM, R HBS ZNUHILABMI\US U HI HBB HIRAIL_XIB-
E_S, BPDY X? XPBE Z?L?TH_S D?EF RIR U HI TNIE-PDBHWB
(XXVIII); H? UEBHFBDP[ P ZNUA?MBHUBE PA?XI T?E-TNIE
**
, RIR
HIZNUEBN: T?E-TNIE-XIHD_ (55), T?E-TNIE-g?N-LFH_ (56) U T?E-
TNIE-hDIW (57). &PB PUU XBNBXRU D?A\UHF

*
>NIE-hDIWU ?W?H?X HB UEBcD DIRU`, RIR ZN?]UB hDIWU (26, 42); H? HI R?HfB U`
LBAIcD N?L PDN?ZRU, R?D?NI[ ZA?DH? HI TNIE-PDBHWF HIRAIL_XIBDP[.
**
&EBPD? ZNUTIXABHU[ XPBW? PA?XI T?E-TNIE FZ?DNBTA[cD P?RNI\BHH? PA?X? T?E,
RIR HIZNUEBN: T?E-XIHD_, T?E-hDIW U ZN?].
133
UEBcD X DIR?X?S MB ZN?Z?NfUU R PX?UE T?E-TNIE-PDBHWIE, RIR
ZBNX_[ R TNIE-PDBHWIE; DIRMB ?PH?X_XIcDP[, ZN?`?L[D, D[HFDP[
U RNBZ[DP[, Z?L?TH? ZBNX_E, X ?ZNBLBABHH_` LA[ HU` EBPDI`,
]D? [PH? UK?TNIMBH? HI ZAIHB &.
NUEB]IHUB. -I HBR?D?N_` R?NITA[` TNIE U T?E-TNIE-mKBAYW?gD_
*
?T?NI]UXIcD
HIKIL LA[ D?W?, ]D?T_ TNIE-PDBHWF U T?E-TNIE-PDBHWF X_PDNBAUXIDY (Z?L-
HUEIDY) U ?ZFPRIDY Z?KILU PDBHWU, ]NBK D? Z?AIWIcD FL?THBB PZFPRIDY X?
XNBE[ RNBZRIW? XBDNI TNIE-PDBHWU TBK XP[RIW? ZNBZ[DPDXU[ ZINFPF, UEB-
HFBE?EF EINPBAY, R?D?N_S E?MH? HBPDU X? XPc PDBHWF UAU UEBDY P MB-
AIBE_E ]UPA?E NUg?X; ZNU ?T_RH?XBHH?E MB PZF\BHUU TNIE-PDBHWU
EINPI-NBS T?ABB HBAYK[ Z?LH[DY Z? PDBHWB, RIR L? R?HfI ?ZF\BHH?S TNIE-
PDBHWU.
>NIE-gAIWhD?RU.
Ensin staff ou the mast heads. Baton de comman-dement.
?RIKIH_ X_hB PBW? X HIKXIHUU LBNBX Z?L KHIR?E
(XXXVI U ZN?].); ?HU P?PDIXA[cD ?R?HB]H?PDY XBN`HBS ]IPDU
TNIE UAU T?E-TNIE-PDBHWU U ?PHIPDRU HURIR?S ZNU PBTB HB UEB-
cD.
jNcE-hDIWU (58).
j?HRU[ PE?ABH_[ XBNBXRU, R?D?N_[ ULFD ?D PIEIW? ?R?H-
]IHU[ gAIWhD?RI, DIR RIR TNIE U T?E-TNIE-hDIWU (51 U 57) ZN?-
`?L[D R PX?UE ?ZNBLBABHH_E EBPDIE, WLB D[HFDP[ U RNBZ[DP[,
]D? [PH? UK?TNIMBH? HI ZAIHB &.
NUEB]IHUB. -I ?R?HB]H?PD[` TNIE-gAIWhD?R?X HIRAIL_XIcDP[ RA?D_ P XLBAIH-
H_EU X HU` EIABHYRUEU hRUXIEU, PRX?KY R?D?N_B ZN?LBXIcD D?HRUB AU-
HU, UAU gIA_, UEBHFBE_B PUWHIAYH_B gIA_ (7); ?HU PAFMID LA[ Z?LH[DU[
X_EZBAI (6), PUWHIAYH_` gAIW?X U ZN?]. $UE ?RIH]UXIBDP[ Z?RIKIHUB XPB-
W? DIR HIK_XIBEIW? PD?[]IW? DIRBAIMI, R?BW? RIMLI[ XB\Y Z?RIKIHI U UKb-
[PHBHI Z?N?KHY X P?TPDXBHH?E PX?BE UEBHU; RN?EB D?W?, X ?Tb[PHBHUU
ZAIH?X (ZNUA?MBHH?E X R?HfB RHUWU), RIR?B T_ HIUEBH?XIHUB HU XPDNB-
DUA?PY P ZNUTIXABHUBE UEBHU EI]D_, PDBHWU U ZN?]IW?, D? L?AMH? PE?D-
NBDY UKb[PHBHUB ?HIW? X P?TPDXBHH?E BW? UEBHU, RIR HIZNUEBN: AIH &
g?R-XIHD_ (24'); (PE?DNU XIHD_). 3NcP-PDBHW-g?NLFH_ (41"), WN?D-TNIE-
hDIW (51), PE?DNU PDBHW-g?NLFH_ (46), TNIE-hDIW (51); DIRUE ?TNIK?E U
XPB ZN?]BB.
&? XNBE[ ?DIRBAIMUXIHU[ EI]D, PDBHW, TNIE-PDBHW U
ZN?]. ZN?UKX?LUDP[ ?DLBABHH?S ]IPDUc AcLBS ?DIRBAIMUXIHUB,
UAU X??NFMBHUB NBBX, ? R?U` DBZBNY ZNBLAIWIDY PDIHBE.

*
$AF]IBDP[ DIRMB, ]D? T?E-TNIE-PDBHWU XEBPD? mKBAYW?gDI X_PDNBAUXIcDP[ PRX?KY
MBABKH_S TFWBAY, HI D?Z TNIE-PDBHWU HIA?MBHH_S, R?D?N?S ?T?NI]UXIcD HIKIL.
134
%)/f+35+ )++%

&??NFMUDY NBS (PE. ]BNDBM IV U ZAIH $)KHI]UD ?PHI-
PDUDY (?DIRBAIMUDY) ?H_S UAU ZNUX[KIDY R HBEF XPB PABLFc\U[
ZNUHILABMH?PDU LA[ FRNBZABHU[, FZNIXABHU[ U LBSPDXU[ ?H_E.
&PB NBU, TFLF]U Z?LH[D_ HI R?NITAY
*
, X???NFMIcDP[ HI
HUKF, I Z?D?E R PX?UE HILABMI\UE EBPDIE, X??NFMBHH_B, Z?L-
HUEIcDP[, WLB ?PH?X_XIcD XPB ZNUHILABMI\U[ LA[ LBSPDXU[
UEU PHIPDU, ZN?X?L[D ?H_[ X ?ZNBLBABHH_[ LA[ HU` EBPDI U DBE
ZNUX?L[D RIML_S NBS X HIPD?[\BB BW? Z?A?MBHUB. -IKXIHUB NB-
BX Z?RIKIH? T_A? X_hB PBW?, DBZBNY PABLFcD ZNUHILABMH?PDU R
X??NFMBHUc ?H_`.
^N?DI-NBS (1). Main yard. Grande vergue.
o?RI-NBS (2). Fore yard. Verque de mesaine.
jIR HIK_XIBE_B HUMHUB NBU (Z?RIKIHH_B X_hB PBW?),
X??NFMIcDP[ P?XBNhBHH? ?LUHIR?X?; XBNBXRU, R?D?N_[ HI HU`
HIRAIL_XIcDP[, U X??T\B XPB ZNUHIABMH?PDU R HUE PFDY PAB-
LFc\U[
^INLBAY-TA?R (a). Jeer-blocks. Poullies de dtesse.
jNB`hRUXH_B TA?RU, UK R?D?N_` ?LUH ZNURNBZA[BDP[ HI
PIE?S PNBLUHB HUMH[W? NB[
**
, I LNFW?S HIRAIL_XIBDP[ PXBN` XPB-
W? DIRBAIMI HI D?Z EI]D_, WLB U KILNIUXIBDP[ (RNBZR? KID[HFDY),
TFLF]U XK[D EBMLF A?HW-PIAUHWIEU (PE. ]BNDBM III, gUW. D) XZB-
NBLU ZBNBLHBS RNIPZUf_; ?TI PUU TA?RI BLUHPDXBHH? PAFMID LA[
Z?LHUEIHU[ U ?ZFPRIHU[ HUMH[W? NB[.
^INLBAY (b).
Jeers. Drisses des basses vergues.
-BPE?ABHI[ XBNBXRI, R?D?NI[ ?PH?X_XIBDP[ EBMLF WIN-
LBAY-TA?RIEU (I), UAU, AF]hB PRIKIDY, XP[ PU[ ?PH?XI XEBPDB HI-
K_XIBDP[ WINLBAY; ?HI[ PAFMUD LA[ Z?LHUEIHU[ HI PX?U EBPDI U
?ZFPRIHU[ HI HUK HUMHU` NBBX. j?A\UHI B[ BPDY HBEH?W? EBHBB
1
/
4
LUIEBDNI PX?BW? NB[.
NUEB]IHUB. NBMLB PBW?, X HIhBE gA?DB FZ?DNBTA[AU LX?B WINLBABS, D? BPDY RIM-
LI[ UK ?H_` T_AI NIPZ?A?MBHI LA[ Z?LHUEIHU[ U ?ZFPRIHU[ NB[ Z? ?LHF
U Z? LNFWFc PD?N?HF EI]D_, H? ?H_[ Z? HBFL?TPDXF X?XPB X_hAU UK FZ?D-
NBTABHU[. "Z_D_ L?RIKIAU XBPYEI EH?WU[ X_W?L_ ?LH?S WINLBAU ZN?DUXF
ZNBMLB T_XhU` LXF`; X?-ZBNX_`, NBS, ?TNI\I[PY Z?]DU HI ?LH?S D?]RB U
TFLF]U WINLBAYc U T?NW HISD?X?E, ?DXBLBH

*
" Z?LH[DUU NBBX HI R?NITAY Z?RIKIH? X "Z_DB 4?NPR?S NIRDURU X 146.
**
NUD?E P?TAcLIcD, ]D?T_ hRUX_ W?NLBAY-TA?RI PE?DNBAU XL?AY R?NITA[, U LA[
PBW? ?PDN?ZAUXIcD BW? LXFE[ PDN?ZIEU, F R?U` ?PDIXA[cD LAUHH_[ ?]RU (ZBDAU),
R?UEU ?THUEIcD NBS HI PNBLUHB, WLB U KID[WUXIcD U` Z?L HUK?E TBHKBABE.
135
LIABR? ?D ZBNBLHU` XIHD, ]NBK D? ABW]B U T?AYhB ?TNIP?ZUDP[. &?-XD?N_`,
]D?, HB ?ZFPRI[ HUMHU` NBBX, E?MH? PZFPDUDY PDBHWU
*
. &-DNBDYU`, NBS,
?DXBLBHH_S PBc WINLBAYc LIABB ?D EI]D_ ZNU Z?LHUEIHUU U ?ZFPRIHUU
BW?, P?XPBE HB DNBD EI]DF U PXBN` D?W? Z?LHUEIBDP[ EBHYhUE ]UPA?E Ac-
LBS; RN?EB PU` PZ?P?T?X, ]NBK DIR?XFc ZBNBEBHF WINLBABS, F R?D?N?S A?-
ZINY DIR?X?S MB D?A\UH_, RIR U T_A ZNU LXF`, X??NFMBHUB LBAIBDP[ ]U-
\B, I ZNUD?E RIR X DN?PI`, DIR U X TA?RI` mR?H?EU[ XLX?B P?`NIH[BDP[.
>?NW-PDN?Z (P). Top-chains. Chaines de vergue.
3?N?DRUS PDN?Z
**
, XK[D_S EBMLF A?HW-PIAUHWIEU U ]NBK
EI]D?X_S mKBAYW?gD (X) PKILU PDBHWU U XZBNBLU PDN?ZI WINLBAY-
TA?RI (I), X HUMHBE BW? R?HfB (UAU ZBDAB) UEBBD XX[KIHH_S R?-
Fh, R?D?N?S P R?FhBE, ZNURNBZABHH_E HI PNBLUHB NB[, (XZBNBLU
HIA?MBHHIW? HI ?HFc WINLBAY-TA?RI), PD[WUXIBDP[ HISD?X?E D?-
WLI, R?WLI T_XIBD NBS Z?LH[D R PX?BEF EBPDF. &? XNBE[ Z?`?LI
NBS XUPUD HI T?NWB U WINLBAY ?PAITA[BDP[ LA[ FL?THIW? ?TN?P?Z-
AUXIHU[ NBBE; X? XNBE[ MB PNIMBHU[ T?NWU PUU FZ?DNBTA[AUPY
UK MBABKH_` fBZBS.
NUEB]IHUB. :IT_ WINLBAY U T?NW EBMLF P?T?c HB DBNAUPY, D? ZN?EBMLF UEU RAI-
LBDP[ HI A?HW-PIAUHWI` HILBMHI[, LBNBX[HHI[, ?R?A? gFDI D?A\UH?c Z?-
LFhRI, R?D?NFc LA[ AF]hIW? P?`NIHBHU[ Z?RIKIHH_` XBNBX?R L?AMH?
?ThUXIDY R?MBc.
3?Fh LA[ T?NW-PDN?ZI. Thimble. Cosse.
sBABKH?B P ZA?PRUEU KIWHFD_EU RNI[EU R?AYf?
***
; ?LH?
UK DIR?X_` XX[K_XIBDP[ X R?HBf T?NWI, I LNFW?B X LXI R?N?DRU`
NIKNFTABHH_` PDN?ZI, R?D?N_EU ZNULNIUXIBDP[ (KID[WUXIBDP[)
HI PNBLUHB NB[ DIRUE ?TNIK?E, ]D? LXI R?HfI ?THUEIcD NBS Z?
?LHF PD?N?HF WINLBAY-PDN?ZI, I LNFWUB LXI Z? LNFWFc PD?N?HF
?HIW? PD[WUXIcDP[ HI KILHBS ]IPDU NB[ TBHKBA[EU; I UH?WLI R?-
Fh PBS RNBZUDP[ X ?LH?E RNFWA?E, XLX?B XK[D?E PDN?ZB, U PXBN`
NBU Z?L PIE_E R?FhBE HIDFW? TBHKBABE KILNIUXIBDP[, U TBNBDP[
?LH?c Z?A?XUH?c Z? ?LHF, I LNFW?c Z? LNFWFc PD?N?HF WIN-
LBAY-PDN?ZI, ]NBK ]D? PBS HUMHUS R?Fh, TFLF]U X ?LUHIR?X?E
Z?A?MBHUU P XBN`HUE

*
<HWAU]IHB ZNU TA?RILB HBZNU[DBAYPRU` Z?ND?X X? XNBE[ RNBZRU` XBDN?X HI ?D-
RN_D_` NBSLI` Z?]DU XPBWLI LBAIcD DIR, ]D?, PZFPDUX PDBHWU, HUMHU[ NBU ?PDIXA[-
cD HI PX?U` EBPDI` LA[ D?W?, LIT_ HI XP[R?S PAF]IS T_DY W?D?XF XPDFZUDY `?D[ Z?L
HUMHUB ZINFPI; PABL?XIDBAYH? HB?T`?LUE?PDY U HFMLI X? XPB` PAF]I[` BPDY XBAU-
R?S HIPDIXHUR U F]UDBAY, ]NBK ]D? ?DRN_D U PBS PZ?P?T (UEBDY ?LHF WINLBAY) PR?AY-
R? FL?TH?S, PD?AYR? MB U Z?ABKH?S.
**
$DN?Z, UAU PDN?ZRI, HIK_XIBDP[ N?L ZBDAU UAU ?W?HI, PZABPHBHHIW? U P?T?c P?-
PDIXA[c\IW? HB ]D? UH?B, RIR R?AYf?; PDN?Z_, T?AYhUB U EIA_B, FZ?DNBTA[cDP[
LA[ ?TH[DU[ RNFW?E NIKHIW? N?LI XB\BS, PDN?ZRU MB PAFMID BLUHPDXBHH? LA[ TA?-
R?X U R?FhBS (PE. ]BNDBM III, gUW. i, k); PABLFBD KIEBDUDY, ]D? T?NW-PDN?Z P?RNI\BH-
H? HIK_XIBDP[ T?NW.
***
1H_B FZ?DNBTA[cD LA[ T?NWI R?Fh HBRNFWA_S, I X XULB DNB`FW?AYH?S gUWFN_
UAU HIZ?L?TUB PDNBEBHU.
136
(D.B. XL?AY NBU NIPZ?A?MBHH_B) PZ?P?TPDXFcD XBPYEI EH?W? LA[
?PH?X_ T?NW-HISD?XI; ZNU D?E P?TAcLIcD, ]D?T R?Fh, HI NBc
HIA?MBHH_S, T_A FRA?HBH HBPR?AYR? R H?PF HI DIRFc ZN?Z?N-
fUc, ]D? R?WLI NBS TFLBD XUPBDY HI T?NW-PDN?ZB, D?, ]D?T_ TFWB-
A[ LA[ AUPBAY-hZUND?X HI H?RI` T_AU HBEH?W? HIRA?HH_ X ZB-
NBL R?NITA[, I WINLBAY-TA?R R R?NEB.
NUEB]IHUB. -I HBR?D?N_` <HWAUSPRU` R?NITA[` T?NW LBAIcD PKILU W?NLBA[, D?
BPDY, ]D? ?H ABMUD HI PIE?E RNIPZUfB, I PDN?Z-WINLBAY-TA?RI HI Z?LFhRB;
PUB FZ?DNBTA[cD LA[ D?W?, ]D?T_ NBS ZNU ?TN?P?ZRB ?D EI]D_ XBPYEI LI-
ABR? HB ?DLIA[AP[ U HB A?MUAP[ T_ HI hDIW, I ZNUD?E X? XNBE[ RUABX?S
RI]RU, BMBAU NBS PAUhR?E FLIABH ?D EI]D_, D? ?H_S T?ABB TIAIHPUNFBD
(NIPRI]UXIBDP[), ?P?TBHH? MB ZNU T?R?X?S RI]RB E?MBD UEBDY T?AYh?B
LXUMBHUB HIUZI]B D?WLI, R?WLI R?NITAY Z?X?NI]UXIBD ]NBK g?NLBXUHL (Z?
XBDNF), U LA[ D?W? TBSgFD_ HB L?AMH_ T_DY EH?W? NIKLBNHFD_; XZN?]BE,
?Z_DH?PDY U UPRFPPDX? XPBWLI P?TAcLFD PUU HBL?PDIDRU.
>BSgFD_ (d). Truss-parrels. Racage a 1'angloise.
:XB D?APD_[ ?ThUD_[ R?MBS XBNBXRU, X RIML?E R?HfB
PX?BE UEBcD XZABPHBHH_B (UAU XX[KIHH_B) R?FhU; ?HB ZNURNB-
ZA[cDP[ R NBc HBLIABR? ?D WINLBAY-TA?RI (I), TFLF]U NIPZ?A?-
MBH_ X N?XH?E NIPPD?[HUU Z? ?TB BW? PD?N?H_ DIR, ]D? TBSgFD,
?TbBEAc\US NBS, ZBNBX[K_XIBDP[ TBHKBA[EU, ?PDIXA[[ ?LUH
PX?S R?HBf R?N?DRUS, I LNFW?S XUP[]US U LAUHH_S. /IXH? U P
LNFW?S PD?N?H_ WINLBAY-TA?RI LNFWI[ DIR?XI[ MB XBNBXRI ?Tb-
BEABD NBS U Z?L?TH? ZBNX?S R HBEF ZNURNBZA[BDP[. 3?WLI LIMB
NBS HI`?LUDP[ ZNU EI]DB, D? LAUHH?S R?HBf TBSgFDI, P ZNIX?S
PD?N?H_ TFLF]U ?THBPBH ?R?A? EI]D_, ZN?LBXIBDP[ X R?Fh R?-
N?DRIW? R?HfI P ABX?S PD?N?H_, I LAUHH_S R?HBf PBS Z?PABLHBS,
DIRMB ?THBPBHH_S ?R?A? EI]D_, ZN?LBXIBDP[ X R?Fh R?N?DRIW?
R?HfI TBSgFDI P ZNIX?S PD?N?H_, U DIRUE ?TNIK?E ?TI LAUHH_B
R?HfI ?TbBEAcD EI]DF U ?ZFPRIcDP[ HI HUK, WLB KIRAIL_XIcDP[
KI HU` DIAU, HIK_XIBE_B TBSgFD-DIAU, R?UEU TBSgFD_ HID[WU-
XIcDP[. &P[ PU[ ?PH?XI XEBPDB HIK_XIBDP[ TBSgFD, ?H_S ?ZFPRI-
BDP[ U Z?LHUEIBDP[ P NBBE U PAFMUD LA[ ZNUP?BLUHBHU[ NB[ R
EI]DB.
NUEB]IHUB. :IT_ TBSgFD_ HI EI]DB HB ZNU`?LUAU HIRNBPD, D? R?N?DRUB R?Hf_ U`
L?AMH? RAIPDY DIRUE ?TNIK?E, ]D?T ?LUH R?N?DR?S R?HBf P R?FhBE hBA
PXBN`F NB[ HI HUK, I LNFW?S PHUKF NB[ HIXBN` U ?TI HI X?AYH?S PD?N?HB;
D?WLI ?PH?XIHH_B TBSgFD_ TFLFD ABMIDY Z? EI]DB ZINIAABAYH?.
-I HBR?D?N_` R?NITA[` TBSgFD_ HUMHU` NBBX XEBPD? ?T_RH?XBH-
HIW? U` Z?A?MBHU[, PXBN`F XHUK HIZNIXABHHIW?, TBNFDP[ ?TNIDH?, ZN?PDU-
NI[PY PHUKF HIXBN`
*
, U TBSgFD-DIAU KIRAIL_XIcDP[ KI ?TF`U, X

*
:A[ AF]hIW? HIZNIXABHU[ TBSgFD?X ZNUTUXIcDP[ R ]URPIE ZAIHRU P N?FAYPIEU,
]NBK R?D?N_[ TBSgFD ZN?PDUNIBDP[ XXBN` U ULBD X HILABMI\BE HIZNIXABHUU, RIR
UK?TNIMIBD HI ]BNDBNB X gUWFNI <.
137
EI]D?X?E mKBAYW?gDB HI`?L[\UBP[. &? XNBE[ PD?[HU[ R?NITA[ HI [R?NB
X_TUNIcDP[ A?ZIN[ U` HI EINP_, LIT_ ?R?A? EI]D_ T_A? EBHBB PT?NH_`
PHIPHBS U ]NBK D? ?HU RIKIAUPY T_ ]U\B; X T_DH?PDY MB R?NITA[ Z?L ZI-
NFPIEU ZNU DIR?X?E ?PH?XIHUU TBSgFD?X A?ZIN[ (R?Hf_ DIABS) U` LA[ HI-
D[WUXIHU[ PZFPRIcDP[ Z? EI]DB HI HUK; XZN?]BE, E?MH? ?H_B ?PDIXA[DY
LA[ HID[WUXIHU[ X?XPB HI EINPB. &_W?L_ ?D ?PH?XIHU[ DIR?X_E ?TNIK?E
TBSgFD?X PFDY DB, ]D? ABW]B E?MH? BW? NIKLBNWUXIDY (?PAITA[DY) U WFPD?DI
DIRBAIMI, F EI]D_ HI`?L[\I[P[, TFLBD EBHYhB.
-I HBR?D?N_` <HWAUSPRU` R?NITA[` XEBPD? TBSgFDI KI KILHcc RNIP-
ZUfF KIRAIL_XIcD DIAU, R?D?N_` LNFW?S TA?R P WIR?E KIRAIL_XIBDP[ KI
R?Fh PDN?ZI, R HUMHBS NBU ZNURNBZABHHIW?, I A?ZINY TBNBDP[ HI EINPB,
WLB U D[HBDP[; PBS PZ?P?T HI`?LUD XBPYEI FL?TH_E LA[ HID[WUXIHU[, NIK-
LBNWUXIHU[ U FTUNIHU[ TBSgFDI.
BND_ (B).
Horses or foot-ropes. Marche-pieds.
$E?ABH_[ XBNBXRU, R?D?N_[ ZBNX_[ HIRAIL_XIcDP[ HI
H?RU NBBX; ?H_[ ULFD ?D ?LH?W? R?HfI NB[ R LNFW?EF Z?L HUK?E
BW? U PAFMID LA[ PD?[HU[ HI HU` AcL[E F NB[, RIR-D?: X? XNBE[
XK[DU[ NUg?X, ?DLIXIHU[ U RNBZABHU[ ZINFP?X U ZN?]., HI PIE_`
H?RI` PLBAIHH_B ZBND_ HIK_XIcDP[ H?R-ZBND_.
qHLBN-ZBND_ (f),
UAU Z?LZBNDRU. Stirrrus.
Etrier ou estrope de marche-pied.
3?N?DRU[ PE?ABH_[ XBNBXRU, F R?U` ?LUH R?HBf ?RIH]U-
XIBDP[ ZABDBHR?c, R?D?NI[ KIXBND_XIBDP[ RNFW?E NB[ U ZNUTUXI-
BDP[ R HBS WX?KL[EU, I X LNFW?E UEBcD XX[KIHH_S R?Fh, PRX?KY
R?D?N_S ZBND (B) ZN?`?LUD L? ?ZNBLBABHH?S PDBZBHU DIR, ]D?T_
AcLU, PD?[\UB HI ZBNDB, E?WAU FL?TH? ABMIDY WNFLYc HI NBB X?
XNBE[ ?DLIXIHU[ U Z?LTUNIHU[ ZINFPI, U LA[ D?W? Z? ?TB PD?N?-
H_ R?FhU HI ZBNDB LBAIcDP[ EFPUHWU (FKA_), LIT_ ?H_S T?ABB
HILABMI\IW? Z?A?MBHU[ HB ZBNB`?LUA X DF UAU LNFWFc PD?N?HF.
-?R-DIAU hRBHDBAY (g).
Yard-arm pendent.
Pendeur du bout de vergue.
3?N?DRI[ PE?ABHI[ XBNBXRI, R?D?NI[ Z?PAB ZBND?X HI H?-
RU NBBX HIRAIL_XIBDP[; X R?HfB PX?BE UEBBD R?Fh
*
, KI R?D?N_S
WIR?E KIRAIL_XIcDP[ DIAU, HIK_XIBE_[ H?R-DIAU;

*
^?NIKL? FL?THBB XZABPHUXIDY TA?R ZN[E? X hRBHDBAY, UT? WIRU ZNU Z?LbBEB D[-
MBPDBS ]IPD? A?EIcDP[, I HI EIA_` PFLI` XEBPD? hRBHDBA[ ZNUX[K_XIcD R NBc
R?Fh U H?R-DIAU, KI ?H_S KIRAIL_XIcD D?AYR? D?WLI, R?WLI ?H_[ HFMH_ T_XIcD.
lIEBDUDY L?AMH? HB XPBWLI D?, ]D? HIRAIL_XIBDP[ HI ?LUH H?R-NB[, D?]H? DIRUE MB
?TNIK?E U HI LNFW?S BW? H?R ?H?B RAILBDP[, ?LUHIR?X? NIPZ?AIWIBDP[, RNBZUDP[ U
?LH? HIUEBH?XIHUB UEBBD; D?AYR? P ?KHI]BHUBE PD?N?H_, HI R?D?N?S HI`?LUDP[;
RIR, HIZNUEBN: H?R-DIAU HI ZNIX?S U H?R-DIAU HI ABX?S U ZN?].
138
?H_[ PAFMID XEBPDB P LNFWUEU DIA[EU UAU ?P?TBHH? LA[ Z?LbB-
EI HI R?NITAY D[MBPDBS U WNBTH_` PFL?X.
NUEB]IHUB, q LXF` D?AYR? HUMHU` NBBX, F WN?DI U g?RI-NB[, LBAIcDP[ H?R-DIAU,
]IPDH_[ UEBHI U` PFDY: WN?D-H?R-DIAU U g?N-H?R-DIAU. jIAU PUU (PE. ]BN-
DBM X, gUW. 8), TFLF]U Z?LXBhBHH_EU, XUP[D F RIMLIW? H?RI, A?Z?N[ U`
D[HFDP[ U RNBZ[DP[ HI hRIHfI` U HI TIRB; R?WLI MB ?H_[ T_XIcD TBK
FZ?DNBTABHU[, D?WLI Z?LD[WUXIcDP[ R NBc, LIT_ HB XUPBAU: XBNBXRI, PAF-
MI\I[ LA[ Z?LD[WUXIHU[ ?H_`, HIK_XIBDP[ ?ZIA-LBN; ?HI[ ?LHUE R?Hf?E
ZNUX[K_XIBDP[ KI PDN?ZRF XBN`H[W? TA?RI PU` DIABS, I LNFW?S R?HBf B[
ZN?LBXIBDP[ X LXI TA?]RI
*
; UK R?D?N_` ?LUH ZNUX[KIH R NBc X NIPPD?[HUU
?D H?RI HI LAUHF hRBHDBA[, I LNFW?S ?R?A? PNBLUH_ NB[, PRX?KY R?D?N_B
?HI[ XBNBXRI ZN?`?LUD, ?ZFPRIBDP[ HI HUK HI ZIAFTF, WLB D[HBDP[ U RNB-
ZUDP[.
-I HBR?D?N_` <HWAUSPRU` R?NITA[` H?R-DIAU, R?WLI HB T_XIBD X HU`
HIL?TH?PDU, FTUNIcDP[ X?XPB; H? R?WLI MB Z?HIL?TUDP[ Z?LHUEIDY WNBT-
H?B PFLH? UAU RIRFc LNFWFc D[MBPDY, D? UEBBDP[ F H?R-DIABS ?P?TBHH_S
LAUHH_S hRBHDBAY, R?D?N_S RNBZUDP[, (UAU UEBc\UEP[ X R?HfB WIR?E
KIRAIL_XIBDP[) KI EI]D?X?S-mKBAYW?gD; Z?D?E ?H_S MB hRBHDBAY ZNU`XI-
D_XIBDP[ R H?RF HUMH[W? NB[ Z?PNBLPDX?E ?P?TIW? D?APDIW? hDBNDI (R?-
HBf XBNBXRU), UEBc\IW? X ?LH?E R?HfB PX?BE R?Fh, R?D?N?S `?LUD PX?-
T?LH? Z? FZ?E[HFD?EF hRBHDBAc. iNBK ]D?, HI RIR?E FW?LH? NIPPD?[HUU
E?MH? ZNURNBZUDY ?H_S hRBHDBAY R NBc.
&_W?LI ?D PU` H?R-DIABS, X?-ZBNX_`, BPDY DI, ]D? HB HFMH? FMB UEBDY
ZBNBXBS-D?ZBHIHD?X, UT? hRBHDBAY U` PAFMUD XEBPD? ?H_`, I X?-XD?N_`,
H? ZNU]UHB XPBWLIhHBS U` FT?NRU X??NFMBHUB RIKIDYP[ TFLBD ]U\B.
>NIP-TA?RU (h). Brace Block. Poulie de bras.
>A?RU, HIA?MBHH_B Z?PAB hRBHDBABS (g) HI H?RU NB[
**
;
XBNBXRU, ZN?`?L[\U[ ]NBK ?H_B, HIK_XIcDP[ TNIP_.
>NIP (k). Barce. Bras.
$UE UEBHBE X??T\B F RIML?S NBU HIK_XIBDP[ HBPE?AB-
HI[ XBNBXRI, ZNUP?BLUHBHHI[ ZN?PD? UAU Z?PNBLPDX?E hRBHDB-
ABS UAU TA?R?X R H?RF NB[; Z?PNBLPDX?E TNIP?X Z?X?NI]UXIcD
NBS X DF U LNFWFc PD?N?HF, ]NBK ]D? NB[ LBAIBD P RUABE R?NITA[
FW?A U DBE ZNUX?LUDP[ X? XP[R?B MBAIBE?B Z?A?MBHUB, ]D? U HI-
K_XIBDP[ Z?-E?NPR?EF "?TNIP?ZUDY NBS".

*
&EBPD? TA?]R?X AF]hB R PNBLUHB NB[ PKILU ZNUTUXIDY LXB ZAIHRU P? hRUXIEU X
DIR?X?E D?]H? NIPPD?[HUU, RIR PRIKIH? ? TA?]RI`.
**
-I EH?WU` PFLI` T_XIcD PUU TA?RU XX[KIH_ X hRBHDBA[, P R?D?N_EU ?HU HIRAI-
L_XIcDP[ HI H?RU NB[, ]D? Z?]UDIcD FL?TH?PDUc R ZBNBEBHB TNIPI, BPAU ?H_S Z?-
NXBDP[ UAU X? XNBE[ PNIMBHU[ TFLB ?H_S ZBNBTYBD U ZN?]., H? P? hRBHDBA[EU TA?RU
KIRNF]UXIcDP[ U ]NBK D? ZNBZ[DPDXFcD PX?T?LH? ULDU TNIPF, ]D? XBPYEI KIDNFLH[BD
X? XNBE[ Z?X?N?D?X, U Z?D?EF ?H_B X?XPB X_`?L[D UK FZ?DNBTABHU[. -_HB ?T_RH?-
XBHH? HIRAIL_XIcD ?LHU TA?RU HI H?RU NBBX ZN?PD? X PDN?ZB, P?TAcLIcD ZNU D?E,
]D?T_ hRUX_ UEBAU TAUKR?B R W?NUK?HDIAYH?EF HIZNIXABHUB; XZN?]BE, E?MH?
HIRAIL_XIDY PDN?Z P R?FhBE, R R?BEF FMB L?AMBH T_DY ZNUP?BLUHBH X ZN?DUXHFc
PD?N?HF LNFW?S R?Fh P TA?R?E DIR, ]D? R?Fh F TA?RI XBNDURIABH R R?FhF X PDN?ZB,
HI H?R HIA?MBHH?EF, I ]NBK D? TA?R U hRUX BW? W?NUK?HDIABH, ]D? [PH? UK?TNIMBH?
HI ]BNDBMB IV gUW. D.
139
:A[ HIUEBH?XIHU[ RIMLIW? TNIPI ZNUTIXA[BDP[ XPBWLI UE[ D?S
NBU, ZNU R?D?N?S ?H HI`?LUDP[, HIZNUEBN: ^N?DI-TNIP. The main
braces. Les bras de la grande-vergue: U ZN?]U[.
NUEB]IHUB. ^N?DI-TNIP HIK_XIBDP[ TNIPWN?DI-NB[; ?H_S ?LHUE R?Hf?E RNBZUDP[ F
XHBhH[W? RNI[ WIRI T?NDI, I LNFW?S BW? R?HBf, ZN?`?L[ ]NBK TNIP-TA?R (h),
HIA?MBHH_S HI H?R-NB[, X?KXNI\IBDP[ X hRUX, HI`?L[\USP[ F WIRI-T?NDI,
X RAIEZB XPDIXABHH_S. 4H?WUB LA[ PZ?P?TH?PDU Z?LAB PIEIW? PBW? EBPDI
ZNUX[K_XIcD ?LH?hRUXH?S TA?R, ]D? PAFMUD FL?TPDX?E PR?NBB ZBNBEB-
HUDY BW?, BMBAU hRUX Z?XNBLUDP[; ?D PBW? TA?RI ZN?PDUNIBDP[ TNIP ]NBK
cD HI hRIHf_, WLB D[HBDP[ U RNBZUDP[ KI ZAIHRF X ?ZNBLBABHH?E EBPDB,
Z?TAUK?PDU ZNUTUDFc; LA[ PBW? TNIPI ZNURNBZA[cDP[ R TUKIHY-XIHDIE
hRBHDBA[ P R?FhIEU, PRX?KY R?D?N_B BW? ZN?X?L[D; ?H?B LBAIcD LA[ D?W?,
LIT_ X? XNBE[ Z?X?N?DI ZNU T?AYh?S PAITUHB PBW? TNIPI HB KIRUL_XIA?
BW? KI ZFhRU. o?RI-TNIP (k') HIK_XIBDP[ TNIP g?RI-NB[ (5), ?H_S ?LHUE
PX?UE R?Hf?E KIRNBZA[BDP[ KI ?W?H WN?DI-hDIWI (26), I LNFW?S BW? R?HBf
ULBD X TNIP-TA?R (h), HIA?MBHH_S HI H?R-NB[, U, ?TNI\I[PY ?D ?HIW?, ZN?-
`?LUD X DNU TA?RI, UK R?U` ?LUH ZNUX[K_XIBDP[ R D?EF MB ?W?HF, I LNFWUB
LXI Z?L WN?D-EINP?E (VII) ZNURNBZA[cDP[; ?DRFLI ?ZFPRIBDP[ HI HUK X
hRUX RHB`DI, PKILU WN?D-EI]D_ (III) HI hRIHfI` FDXBNMLBHHIW? (PE. ZAIH
<, Z?K. h), WLB D[HBDP[ U RNBZUDP[ KI ?H_S RHB`D UAU KI ZAIHRF Z?LAB BW?
ZNUTUDFc. >BWBH-TNIP (k") BPDY TNIP TBWBH-NB[ (10); F PBW? NB[ H?RU LBAI-
cDP[ LAUHHBB X ZN?Z?NfUU ZN?DUXF ZN?]U` NBBX
*
, HI ?H_B HIRAIL_XIcDP[
TNIP-TA?RU (h), X R?U ZN?`?LUD TBWBH-TNIP; R?D?N_S RNBZUDP[ KI KILHcc
WN?D-XIHDF HI ZN?DUXH?S PD?N?HB D?W? H?RI, ?D R?D?NIW? ?H_S ULBD, U,
X?KXNI\I[PY R TBWBH-NBc, ZN?`?LUD ]NBK TA?R, HIA?MBHH_S HI H?R BW?,
ULBD ?D ?HIW? X TA?R, R D?S MB WN?D-XIHDB ZNUX[KIHH_S, HBEH?W? HUMB KI-
RNBZABHHIW? ZBNXIW? BW? R?HfI; ?D R?D?NIW? TA?RI ?ZFPRIBDP[ XHUK X
hRUX, XLBAIHH_S X R?gBAY-ZAIHRF HI hRIHfI` F T?NDI, WLB D[HBDP[ U Z?L-
AB PBW? EBPDI RNBZUDP[.
j?ZBHIHD-TA?R (l).
Lift blicks. Poulie de Balancine.
"LH?hRUXH?S TA?R, PDN?Z?E HIA?MBHH_S HI H?R-NB[,
Z?PAB XPBW? Z?RIKIHHIW? DIRBAIMI, ?H_S PAFMUD LA[ ?PH?X_ XB-
NBXRU, UEBHFBE?S D?ZBHIHD. NU HIA?MBHUU PBW? TA?RI HI H?R
FRA?H[cD BW? HBPR?AYR? R R?NEB.
j?ZBHIHD (m).
Lift. Balfncine.
$UE UEBHBE X??T\B F XPB` NBBX HIK_XIBDP[ HBPE?ABHI[
XBNBXRI, R?D?NI[ LBNMUD NBS (P ?LH?S U LNFW?S PD?N?H_) W?NU-
K?HDIAYH?; LBSPDXUBE B[ LIcD NBU MBAIBE?B R?PXBHH?B Z?A?MB-
HUB, ]D? U HIK_XIBDP[ Z? E?NPR?EF "?D?ZUDY NBS". NU HIUEBH?-
XIHUU RIMLIW? D?ZBHIHDI ZNUTIXA[BDP[ XPBWLI UE[ D?S NBU, ZNU
R?D?N?S ?H_S HI`?LUDP[, HIZNUEBN:

*
+LUHPDXBHH? LA[ D?W? H?RU PBW? NB[ LBAIcDP[ LAUHHBB ZN?]U` NBBX, LIT_ ?DHBPDU
TBWBH-TNIP TAUMB R PNBLUHB NB[, UT? BPAU T_ ?H_S hBA ?D HIPD?[\IW? Z?A?MBHU[
H?R?X, D? L?AMBH T_ T_A KILBXIDY KI WN?D-TNIE-g?NLFH_ U ZN?].
140
^N?DI-D?ZBHIHD. The main lifts. Les balancines de la grande vergue
U ZN?].
NUEB]IHUB. j?ZBHIHD_ HUMHU` NBBX (D? BPDY WN?DI U g?RI-NB[) ?PH?X_XIcDP[
H_HB PABLFc\UE ?TNIK?E: TBNFD RNFW?E EI]D?XIW? mKBAYW?gDI LAUHH?S
PDN?Z, UAU RHBXBHY, ?D R?BW? ULFD R?Hf_ N?L hRBHDBABS P XX[KIHH_EU X
?R?HB]H?PD[` U` ?LH?hRUXH_EU TA?RIEU; DIRMB U HI mKBAYW?gDB ZNURNB-
ZA[cDP[ Z? DF U LNFWFc BW? PD?N?HF Z? ?LH?hRUXH?EF TA?RF
*
. -IA?MUX
?T_RH?XBHH_E ?TNIK?E, D?ZBHBHD ZA?DH? HI H?R-NB[ PLBAIHH_E HI ?LH?E
R?HfB BW? ?W?H?E ZNUMUEIcD BW? R PIE?EF PDN?ZF D?ZBHIHD-TA?RI (1)
**
;
LNFW?S MB R?HBf PBW? D?ZBHIHDI ZN?LBXIcD PRX?KY TA?R, XX[KIHH_S X R?H-
fB ULF\IW? ?D mKBAYW?gDI hRBHDBA[, ?D R?BW? ?ZFPRIcD X D?ZBHIHD-TA?R,
HI H?RB-NB[ HIA?MBHH_S; ?DRFLI ?H_S D?ZBHIHD X?KX_hIBDP[ R TA?RF, F
PIEIW? mKBAYW?gDI ZNUX[KIHH?EF, ?DRFLI ?ZFPRIBDP[ HI HUK X RHB`D (PE.
ZAIH <, Z?K. B"), WLB D[HBDP[ U RNBZUDP[ X ?ZNBLBABHH?E EBPDB. q TBWBH-
NB[ (10) D?ZBHIHD ?PH?X_XIBDP[ ZN?PD?, ULBD ?D mKBAYW?gDI X TA?R, HI H?R-
NB[ HIA?MBHH_S U, ?TNI\I[PY R TA?RF, F mKBAYW?gDI ZNUX[KIHH?EF, ?ZFP-
RIBDP[ HI HUK, WLB D[HBDP[ U RNBZUDP[ X ?ZNBLBABHH?E EBPDB HI cDB (PE.
ZAIH <, Z?K. t"). 4H?WUB UEBcD D?ZBHIHD_ F PBW? NB[ ?LUHIRUB.
4INPI-hR?D-TA?R (n). Sheets blick. Poulies d'ecout.
>A?R, PDN?Z?E HIA?MBHH_S HI H?R-NB[ Z?PAB XPBW? Z?RI-
KIHHIW? DIRBAIMI, PAFMUD LA[ ZN?`?LF PRX?KY BW? XBNBXRU, UEB-
HFBE_S EINPI-hR?D; ZNU HIA?MBHUU PBW? TA?RI HI H?R-NB[, FR-
A?H[cD BW? HBPR?AYR? R H?PF RINITA[; LA[ P?`NIHBHU[ BW? RAILFD
HI NBB ZABDBHH_[ Z?LFhRU, HIK_XIBE_[ ABW-XIHD, LAUH?c X
D?A\UHF ZN?DUXF TA?RI.
NUEB]IHUB. 3N?EB HIA?MBHH_` HI RIML?E H?RB-NB[ EINPI-hR?D-TA?R?X (n), ?R?A?
PNBLUH_ NB[ Z? DF U LNFWFc PD?N?HF WINLBAY-TA?RI (I) PHUKF ZNUX[K_XI-
BDP[ Z? ?LH?hRUXH?EF TA?RF (n); UT? hR?D_, ZN?`?L[ ]NBK H?R?X_B TA?-
RU, ULFD X PUU, PHUKF ZNUX[KIHH_B, U ?ZFPRIcDP[ HI HUK X hUD-TUDP_ (PE.
ZAIH <, Z?K. k'), WLB ?H_B hR?D_ D[HFDP[ U RNBZ[DP[; LIT_ TA?RU PUU X?
XNBE[ HID[WUXIHU[ hR?D?X HB ZNUMUEIAUPY R NBc, D? HI XBNhUH_ U` HI-
RAIL_XIBDP[ R?N?DR?S PDN?Z (ZNU`XI]BHH_S F PDN?ZRU RIMLIW? TA?RI
TBHKBABE), HIK_XIBE_S hZIH-PDN?Z, R?D?N_E ?TI TA?RI FLBNMUXIcDP[ X
?LUHIR?X?E LNFW ?D LNFWI FLIABHUU. jIRMB X NIKH_` EBPDI` NB[ ZNUX[K_-
XIcDP[ HBT?AYhUB TA?RU LA[ WUD?X_` U WINLBHBS. 3N?EB PBW?, PKILU U
PHUKF F HUMHU` NBBX ?D PNBLUH_ R H?RIE ZNUX[K_XIcD WAILRUB, D? BPDY
^?AAIHLPRUB EID_, LIT_ NBU HB

*
1H_B LA[ ]UPD?D_ ZNURNBZA[cD TA?RU PUU XZBNBLU PIEIW? mKBAYW?gDI, LIX UE
HIZNIXABHUB Z?L DFZ_E FWA?E; XZN?]BE, XX[K_XIcD ?H_B X ?LUH PDN?Z, R?D?N?S
HIRAIL_XIcD PKILU PDBHWU HI mKBAYW?gD U PHUKF KILNIUXIcD ?H_S RNBZR? TBHKBABE,
P?TAcLI[, ]D?T TA?RU Z? DF U LNFWFc PD?N?HF mKBAYW?gDI ?PDIXIAUPY X HILABMI\BE
Z?A?MBHUU. :?AMH? KIEBDUDY, ]D? XP[ PU[ ?PH?XI D?ZBHIHD?X LBAIBDP[ DIRUE ?TNI-
K?E LA[ D?W?, ]D?T D?ZBHIHD R PDBHW-XIHDIE HB ZNUMUEIA? U ?H_` UE HB DBNA?.
**
4H?WUB Z?AIWIcD, AF]hB PHI]IAI HIRAIL_XIDY ?W?H A?Z?N[ D?ZBHIHDI, I Z?D?E
TA?R LA[ HBW?; Z?PAB ]BW? ?W?H A?Z?N[-EINPI-hR?DI U PIE_S hR?D-TA?R (NIKFEBBD-
P[, R?WLI LX?SH?S hR?D); X??T\B MB, ?H?B LBAIcD LA[ D?W?, ]D?T_ ?DLIAUDY D?ZB-
HIHD ?D EINPI-hR?DI, LIT_ ?HU ?LUH ?T LNFW?S HB DBNAUPY.
141
DBNA? PHIPD[EU, I ZNU ?TNIP?ZRB XIHDIEU. jIR?X_E X_hB Z?RIKIHH_E
?TNIK?E HUMHU[ NBU X??NFMIcDP[, Z? ZNUFW?D?XABHUU NB[ ZNUX?L[D BW? X
HIPD?[\BB Z?A?MBHUB U Z?LHUEIcD R HILABMI\BEF EBPDF; D?WLI, ?PH?-
XIX, U X_D[HFX XPB P?PD?[\U[ ZNU HBE PHIPDU U FN?XH[X AUPBAY-hZUND_,
TFLBD HI`?LUDYP[ ?H_S NBS W?D?X_E R? XPBE LBSPDXU[E.

%)/f+35+ 0#)a#-)++%

^N?D-EINPI-NBS (2).
Main topsail yard. Vergue de grand hunier.
o?N-EINPI-NBS (6).
Fore topsail yard. Vergue du petit hunier.
3NcSPBAY-NBS (11).
Mizen topsail yard. Vergue seche ou vergue de sougue.
jIR HIK_XIBE_B EINPI-NBU, Z?RIKIHH_B X_hB PBW?, ?HB
X??NFMIcDP[ P?XBNhBHH? ?LUHIR?X?; XBNBXRU, R?D?N_[ HI HU`
HIRAIL_XIcDP[, U X??T\B XPB ZNUHILABMH?PDU R HUE PFDY
PABLFc\U[:
BND_ (B).
Horse or foot-rope. Marche-pied.
$E?ABH_[ XBNBXRU, R?D?N_[ ZBNX_[ HIRAIL_XIcDP[ HI
H?RU EINPI-NB[, ULFD ?D ?LH?W? R?HfI R LNFW?EF Z?L HUK?E BW?;
PAFMID LA[ PD?[HU[ AcL[E F EINPI-NB[, X? XPBE Z?L?TH_ ZBNDIE
F HUMHU`-NBBX.
qHLBN-ZBND_ (f).
Stirrups. Estropes ou etriers de marche-pied.
"KHI]IcD D? MB, ]D? F HUMHU`-NBBX Z?L PUE HIKXIHUBE
Z?RIKIH?.
>NIP-TA?RU (?). Brace blocks. Poulie de bras.
"LH?hRUXH_B TA?RU, HIA?MBHH_B HI H?R-EINPI-NB[ Z?-
PAB ZBND?X; XBNBXRU, ZN?`?L[\U[ ]NBK ?H_B, HIK_XIcDP[ EINPI-
TNIP_.
4INPI D?ZBHIHD (N). The main top lifts.
Les balancines du grand hunier.
-BPE?ABHI[ XBNBXRI ?LHUE PX?UE R?Hf?E KIRNBZA[BDP[
KI D?Z-PDBHWU, I LNFWUE R?Hf?E ZN?`?LUD X TA?R, HI H?R EINPI-
NB[ HIA?MBHH_S, ?D R?BW? ULBD XXBN` U ZN?`?LUD X TA?R
***
, XX[-
KIHH_S XXBN`F EBMLF LXF` PDBHW-XIHD X_hB

***
$BS TA?R HIK_XIBDP[ R?EBAY-TA?R, ?H_S XPBWLI T_XIBD P LXFE[ hRUXIEU, X ?LUH
UK HU` ZN?`?LUD EINPI-D?ZBHIHD, I X LNFW?S XBNBXRI, UEBHFBEI[ NUg-DIAU-
hRBHDBAY. Reef-Tackles. Palans de ris, ?TB PUU XBNBXRU ?ZF\IcDP[ HI HUK, D[HFDP[ HI
ZIAFTB U RNBZ[DP[ X ?ZNBLBABHH?E EBPDB. 3?EBAY-TA?R, XX[KIHH_S X PDBHW-XIHDF,
UK?TNIMBH HI ]BNDBMB IV, gUW. +, ]IPDH_B MB UEBHI D?ZBHIHD?X Z?RIKIH_ X ?Tb[P-
HBHUU ZAIHI $.
142
X?NhDI, ?DRFLI ?ZFPRIBDP[ HI HUK X D?D MB RHB`D, WLB U WN?DI-
D?ZBHIHD (m) ZN?`?LUD (PE. ZAIH <, Z?K. B"), WLB D[HBDP[ U RNB-
ZUDP[. :BSPDXUB EINPI-D?ZBHIHD?X BPDY DIR?X?B MB, RIR F WN?D-
D?ZBHIHD?X.
NUEB]IHUB. 4INPI-D?ZBHIHD_ HIUEBH?XIHUB PX?B UEBcD P ZNUTIXABHUBE D?S EIN-
PI-NBU, ZNU R?BS ?HU HI`?L[DP[, RIR HIZNUEBN: o?N-EINPI-D?ZBHIHD. The
fore top lifts. Les balancines du petit hunier. (p') U ZN?].; RIML_S UK EINPI-
D?ZBHIHD?X ?PH?X_XIBDP[ ?LUHIR?X?, D? BPDY ?D H?RI-EINPI-NB[ X?P`?LUD
X ?LUH UK hRUX?X R?EBAY-TA?RI, ]D? X PDBHW-XIHDB XX[KIH (PE. ]BNDBM IV,
gUW. +); ?D R?BW? ?ZFPRIBDP[ HI HUK, WLB ZN?`?LUD X LNFW?S hRUX D?W? PI-
EIW? RHB`DI, RFLI ZN?XBLBH D?ZBHIHD ?D HUMH[W? NB[, ZNU D?S MB EI]DB
P?PD?[\IW?, WLB D[HBDP[ U KI ?H_S RHB`D RNBZUDP[ (PE. ZAIH <, Z?K. B").
4INPI-NBS TBS-gFD_ (q).
Top sail yard. Truss-parrel.
Racage du grand hunier.
:?X?AYH? D?APDI[ XBNBXRI, ?ThUDI[ R?MBS, X ?LH?E R?H-
fB UEBBD ?]R? (HBT?AYhFc ZBDAc), PUE R?Hf?E HBEH?W? ?DPDFZ[
?D PNBLUH_ EINPI-NB[, ?`XID_XIBDP[ DIR, ]D? ?]R? ?PDIBDP[ PHUKF
HBEH?W? HIKILU NB[, WLB U RAILBDP[ TBHKBAY. :NFW?S MB R?HBf,
?THUEI[ PDBHWF PKILU, ULBD Z? LNFWFc B[ PD?N?HF PXBN`F EINPI-
NB[ U DIRMB BB ?T`XID_XIBD U TBHKBABE PX[K_XIBDP[; Z?D?E PX?-
T?LH?S R?HBf BW? XD?NU]H? ?THUEIBD PDBHWF U, L?SL[ L? EINPI-
NB[, ZN?ZFPRIBDP[ X FZ?E[HFD?B ?]R?, WLB PIE KI PBT[ TBHKBABE
KIRNBZA[BDP[.
NUEB]IHUB. 4H?WUB LBAIcD TBSgFD_ (PE. ]BNDBM X, gUW. 9) HI EINPI-NB[` LX?S-
H_B, DIRUE ?TNIK?E LXB XBNBXRU, UEBc\U[ HI ?T?U` R?HfI` XX[KIHH_B
R?FhU, UK R?D?N_` ?LHI, ?T?SL[ PDBHWF PNBLUH?c, I R?HfIEU Z? HUKF NB[
X_`?LUD PX?UEU R?FhIEU HIXBN`; NIXH? U LNFWI[ XBNBXRI, ?T?SL[ PDBHWF
PNBLUH?c, ULBD R?HfIEU Z?XBN` NB[, U DIRUE ?TNIK?E R?FhU ZNULFDP[
XBN`HBS U HUMHBS XBNBXRU ?LUH ZN?DUXF LNFWIW?, WLB P?ZN?DUX ABMI\U[
PD[WUXIcDP[ TBHKBA[EU
*
; ZNU PBE P?TAcLIcD, ]D?T_ XBN`H[[ XBNBXRI T_-
AI R?N?]B HUMHBS, U LIT_ PKILU PDBHWU ?TB XBNBXRU ABMIAU ZINIAABAYH?
P?BLUHBHH_EU U HB NIP`?LUAUPY, D? Z? PD?N?HIE U` ZNU`XID_XIcD TBH-
KBAYRIEU, U DB LXB, R?D?N_[ `?L[D Z? PDBHWB, ?ThUXIcDP[ R?MBS; PBW? N?-
LI TBSgFD_ R?WLI ?PAITHFD, D? U` PR?N? U FL?TH? E?MH? PD[HFDY.
:NISNBZ-TA?RU (r).
jFB-block. Poulie d'itague.
"LH?hRUXH_B TA?RU, ZNUX[KIHH_B R EINPI-NBc, HBEH?W?
?DPDFZ[ ?D BW? PNBLUH_, Z? DF U LNFWFc PD?N?HF ?H?S; ]NBK RIM-
L?S UK PU` TA?R?X ZN?`?LUD XBNBXRI, HIK_XIBEI[ LNISNBZ. jFB
itaque, ?LUH R?HBf PBW? LNISNBZI KIRNBZA[BDP[ KI D?Z PDBHWU Z?L
PIAUHW?E (XXI), ?DRFLI ?ZFPRIBDP[ X PBS

*
iD? L?AMH? LBAIDY DIR, ]D?T R?FhU ZNU`?LUAUPY HIXBN`F NB[ X_hB ZNUX[KRU
ZINFPI.
143
ZNUX[KIHH_S HI NBB TA?R U ?TNI\IBDP[ ?D HBW? XXBN` X TA?R (P
RIML?S PD?N?H_), Z?L PIAUHW?E HI D?Z PDBHWU HIA?MBHH_S; ?D
R?D?NIW? ?ZFPRIBDP[ XHUK
*
, WLB X R?HfB PX?BE UEBBD XX[KIHH_S
LXF`hRUXH_S TA?R, ]NBK R?D?N?S ?PH?X_XIcDP[ DIAU, UEBHFB-
E_[ EINPI-gIA. The haliards of the top sail yards. Drisses des
huniers, Z?PNBLPDX?E ?HIW? RIMLI[ EINPI-NB[ (2) Z?LHUEIBDP[
XXBN` U ?ZFPRIBDP[ HI HUK. 4INPI-gIA_ D[HFDP[ Z? FL?TH?PDU U
RNBZ[DP[ X ?ZNBLBABHH_` LA[ U` EBPDI` (PE. ZAIH <, Z?K. m" U
l'").
NUEB]IHUB. NU Z?LHUEIHUU U ?ZFPRIHUU EINPI-NB[, LIT_ EINPI-gIA HB RNFDUAP[
U hBA T_ XPBWLI X ?LUHIR?X?E Z?A?MBHUU, D? LA[ PBW? F XBN`H[W? TA?RI
LBAIBDP[ PDN?ZRI P R?FhBE, HILBD_E HI PDBHW-g?NLFH; ?LUH R?HBf PDN?Z-
RU PBS ZNUX[K_XIBDP[ R PNBLUHB KI PDN?Z D?W? TA?RI, R R?D?N?EF ZNURNBZ-
ABH LNISNBZ, HI DIR?E NIPPD?[HUU, RIR ?H_S TA?R FLIABH ?D PDBHW-
g?NLFHI; X LNFW?S MB B[ R?HBf XX[K_XIBDP[ R?Fh, R?D?N?S PX?T?LH? `?-
LUD Z? PDBHW-g?NLFHF, U ]NBK D? XPBWLI TA?R ULBD XXBN` U ?ZFPRIBDP[ XHUK
X ?LUHIR?X?E Z?A?MBHUU U HB FLIN[BDP[ ? EINP ZNU ?DLIXIHUU EINPI-
gIAI. -UMHUS MB TA?R LA[ ?PH?X_ EINPI-gIAI LBAIBDP[ HI XBNDAcWB, R?-
D?N_S XPBWLI KIRAIL_XIBDP[ XBNDAcMH_E PX?UE WIR?E KI ?TF`, XTUD_S X
NFPAUHB (PE. ]BNDBM III, gUW. R).
4INPI-TNIP (r).
The top braces. Les bras des huniers.
"T\BB UE[ TNIP?X, ZNUHILABMI\U` R PNBLHUE HI EI]DI`
NB[E; ?H_B ZN?`?L[D X TA?RU (?), HIA?MBHH_B HI H?RU EINPI-
NBBX. :BSPDXUB TNIP?X Z?RIKIH? X_hB PBW? F HUMHU` NBBX.
NUEB]IHUB. ^N?D-EINPI-TNIP HIK_XIBDP[ TNIP WN?D-EINPI-NB[ (2); LA[ PBW? TNIPI
RNFW?E TUKIHY-EI]D_ ?TH?PUDP[ Z?]DU F X?NhDI PDN?Z, X R?Hf_ R?D?NIW?,
HIZ?L?TUB hRBHDBABS, XX[KIH? Z? TA?RF, RIML_S TNIP KIRNBZA[BDP[ KI
?W?H hDIWI, ZN?`?LUD X TNIP-TA?R (?), HI H?RB EINPI-NB[ HIA?MBHH_S, ?D
?HIW? ?TNI\IBDP[ X TA?R, X PDN?ZB XX[KIHH_S, U ?ZFPRIBDP[ HI hRIHf_ X
RHB`D HIZN?DUX TUKIHY-EI]D_, F T?NDI FDXBNMLBHH_S, D[HBDP[ HI hRIHfI`
U RNBZUDP[ KI ?H_S RHB`D
**
. o?N-EINPI-TNIP BPDY TNIP g?N-EINPI-NB[ (6),
?H_S KIRNBZA[BDP[ F ?W?HI WN?DI-hDIWI U X? XPBE Z?L?TH? ?PH?X_XIBDP[
RIR g?RI-TNIP; ZN?`?LUD HI hRIHf_ (PE. ZAIH <, Z?K. g) X ?ZNBLBABHH?S
LA[ PU` TNIP?X RHB`D, WLB

*
:NISNBZ_ XPBWLI ?PDIXA[cD DIR?S LAUH_, ]D? X? XNBE[ Z?LH[DU[ L? EBPDI EINPI-
NB[ TA?R, XX[KIHH_S X LNISNBZB P LNFWUE TA?R?E (P R?UE ?PH?X_XIBDP[ EINPI-gIA-
A?ZINY), KIA?MBHH_E HI NFPAUHB, HB P`?LUAP[ HI HBPR?AYR? gFD. &ZN?]BE, L?AMH?
KIEBDUDY, RIR P ?LH?S PD?N?H_, DIR U P LNFW?S NIXH? U Z?L?TH? EINPI-gIA ?PH?X_-
XIBDP[.
**
-I HBR?D?N_` R?NITA[` R?NBHH_B R?Hf_ WN?D-EINPI-TNIP?X RNBZ[DP[ KI D?Z
RNcP-PDBHWU, I `?L?X_B ZN?`?L[D X TA?RU, HI H?RI` EINPI-NB[ HIA?MBHH_B, U ?D
?H_` ULFD X LNFWUB TA?RU, HI TUKIHY-EI]DB Z?L TBWBH-NBBE ZNURNBZABHH_B. &_W?LI
DIRUE ?TNIK?E ?PH?XIHH_` EINPI-TNIP?X BPDY DI, ]D? Z? Z?LbBEB NB[ ?H_S
TNIP?ZUDP[ W?NIKL? ABW]B, H? X_W?LI PU[ P?ZN[MBHI P DBE HBFL?TPDX?E, ]D? ZNU
RUABX?S RI]RB D[MBA? T_XIBD RNcP-PDBHWB. ^N?D-EINPI-TNIP ZN?X?L[D DIRMB R g?R-
EI]DB U ?ZFPRIcD HI HUK. &ZN?]BE, XP[R?S E?MBD TNIP_ PUU ?PH?X_XIDY Z?
PZ?P?TH?PDU U FL?TPDXF PX?BW? PFLHI.
144
?H_B TNIP_ D[HFDP[ Z?]DU XPBWLI P?WAIPH? U RNBZ[DP[ KI RHB`D UAU HI-
N?]H? XTUD_[ LA[ U` ZAIHRU. 3NcPBAY-TNIP BPDY TNIP RNcPBAY-NB[ (11),
?H_S ?LHUE PX?UE R?Hf?E KIRNBZA[BDP[ F KILHBS WN?D-XIHD_, ?PH?X_XI-
BDP[ P RNcPBAY-NBBE X? XPBE Z?L?TH?, RIR TBWBH-TNIP; D[HBDP[ XPBWLI P?-
WAIPH? P ?H_E HI hRIHfI`, WLB U RNBZUDP[ X ?ZNBLBABHH?E EBPDB
*
.
>NIE-hR?D-TA?RU (s).
Sheet Blocks. Poulies des ecoutes.
>A?RU, X R?D?N_B ZN?`?L[D XBNBXRU, HIK_XIBE_[ TNIE-
hR?D_. -IRAIL_XIcDP[ Z?PABLHU[ HI RIML_S H?R EINPI-NB[.
NUEB]IHUB. >NIE-hR?D-TA?R?X T_XIBD P RIML?S PD?N?H_ Z? LXI, ?LUH HI H?RB
NB[ HIA?MBH, I LNFW?SHBEH?W? ?D PNBLUH_ ?DPDFZ[ R H?RF, PHUKF EINPI-
NB[ ZNUX[K_XIBDP[. jIRUE ?TNIK?E, XPB EINPI-NBU ?DIRBAIMUXIcDP[, RN?-
EB X_hB Z?RIKIHHIW? X??NFMBHU[, X NIKH_` EBPDI` HI EINPI-NB[`, ZNUX[-
K_XIcDP[ HBT?AYhUB TA?RU LA[ ZN?`?LF ]NBK ?H_B XBNBX?R, HIK_XIBE_`
WUD?X_ U W?NLBHU, ?H_EU Z?LTUNIBDP[ ZINFP, ZNUP?BLUH[BE_S R PBEF
NBc; DIRMB HI ?T?U` R?HfI` NB[ ZNU PIE?E ?R?H]IHUU H?R?X XLBA_XIBDP[
Z? ?LH?EF hRUXF, X R?D?N_B ZN?`?L[D XBNBXRU ?D RNI[ ZINFPI P RIML?S
PD?N?H_, ZN?PDUNIc\UBP[ X ?H_S hRUX, X?P`?L[D XXBN` X ?LUH UK hRUX?X
R?EBAY-TA?RI, ]D? X PDBHW-XIHDB XX[KIH; ?D R?BW? ?ZFPRIBDP[ RIMLI[ HI
HUK, WLB U D[HBDP[ DIA[EU; PU[ XBNBXRI HIK_XIBDP[ NUg-DIAU-hRBHDBAY; I
DIAU, R?UEU ?HI[ D[HBDP[, UEBHFcDP[ NUg-DIAU
**
.
lI UPRAc]BHUBE XPBW? X_hB Z?RIKIHHIW? Z?]DU HI ?LH?S ]BDXBNDU EINPI-
NB[, H? HBEH?W? TAUMB R LNISNBZ TA?RF RAILBDP[ Z? PDN?ZB P R?FhBE HI
RIML?S PD?N?HB NB[, KI R?D?N_[ KIRAIL_XIcDP[ (X PAF]IB HIL?TH?PDU)
hD?NE-DIAU, R?U` LNFW?S TA?R, R?WLI NUg_ XK[D_, KIRAIL_XIBDP[ KI
PDN?Z, ?THBPBHH_S RNFW?E PDBHWU; R?WLI MB EINPBAU KIRNBZABH_, D? TB-
NBDP[ KI ?TF`, FDXBNMLBHH_S X mKBAYW?gDB. ? HIA?MBHUU HI EINPI-NBB
XPBW? X_hB Z?RIKIHHIW? Z?LHUEIcD RIMLFc UK ?H_` HI PX?B EBPD?, WLB
ZNUP?BLUH[cD BB TBSgFD?E (q) R PDBHWB, ?PH?X_XIcD U X_D[WUXIcD XPB
P?PD?[\U[ ZNU HU` PHIPDU, FN?XH[X EINP_X_B AUPBAY-hZUND_, U D?WLI
HI`?LUDP[ ?H_S NBS, W?D?X_E R? XPBE LBSPDXU[E.
3N?EB Z?RIKIHH_` EINPI-NBBX BPDY NB[ HI TFhZNUDB, (I) HIK_XIBEI[
TAUHLI-NB[, (13) ?HI[ NIKEBNBHUBE PX?UE NIXHI g?N-EINPI-NBc; H? X??-
NFMIBDP[ P?XPBE ?P?TBHH_E ?TNIK?E U, TFLF]U ZNUP?BLUHBHI R TFhZNU-
DF, PAFMUD ZNU ?H?E HBZ?PNBLPDXBHH? R FDXBNMLBHUc P T?R?X FDABWIN[ U
T?E-FDABWIN[.
>AUHLI-NBS. Sprit-sayl yard. Vergue de civadiere.
?RIKIH X_hB PBW? Z?L KHIR?E (13). $BS NBS X??NFMBH
DIRMB T_XIBD, RIR U EINPI-NBU ZBNDIEU, D?ZBHIHDIEU U TNIPIEU;
PUU Z?PABLHU[ F PBW? NB[ HIK_XIcDP[ ?P?TBHH?

*
4H?WUB LBAIcD DIR, ]D? LA[ RNcPBAY-TNIPI ZNUX[K_XIcD TA?RU F D?ZI WN?D-EI]D_
Z?L PIE_E mKBAYW?gD?E. >A?RU LA[ TNIE-TNIP?X F PDBHW?XIW? hXUf-PINXBH[, I LA[
RNcPBAY-TFAUH[ KI XD?NFc UAU KI DNBDYc ZFDUHP-XIHDF; PUB LBAIcD BLUHPDXBHH?
LA[ ]UPD?D_, ]D?T_ TA?R?X EBHBB T_A? XULH? U PHIPDU hAU ?LHI Z? LNFW?S HBZNU-
EBDH?.
**
" NUg-DIA[` TFLBD ?Tb[PHBH? HUMB PBW?, WLB PABLFBD.
145
"TAUHLI-DNUP_"; RIMLI[ UK PU`, Z?RIKIHH_` ZNU PBE NBB PHIPDBS,
LBSPDXUB ZN?UKX?LUD DIR?X?B MB, RIR T_A? PRIKIH? F ZN?]U` NB-
BX.
NUEB]IHUB. >AUHLI-NBS R ?ZNBLBABHH?EF PX?BEF EBPDF (HI TFhZNUDB) Z?LHUEIBD-
P[ gIA?E, R?D?N?S ?PH?X_XIBDP[ EBMLF TA?R?E, ZNUX[KIHH_E HI PNBLUHB
NB[, U TA?R?E, ZNURNBZABHH_E KI ?TF`, XTUD_S PHUKF TFhZNUDI X mKBAY-
W?gDB UAU Z?TAUK?PDU BW? X PIE?E TFhZNUDB. ? Z?LH[DUU MB R PX?BEF
EBPDF ZNUP?BLUH[BDP[ ?H_S NBS R TFhZNUDF Z?PNBLPDX?E TBSgFDI, U X?
XNBE[ Z?`?LI XUPUD ?H HI ?P?TBHH?E PDN?ZB N?L T?NWI, PLBAIHH?E U HI
TBSgFDB; R?D?N_S, TFLF]U ZNUP?BLUHBH ZA?DH? R TFhZNUDF, HB L?ZFPRIBD
TAUHLI-NBc ?D ?HIW? ?DLIA[DYP[. -B LIABR? ?DPDFZ[ ?D H?R?X PBW? NB[,
ZNUX[K_XIcDP[ R HBEF R?FhU P RIML?S PD?N?H_ Z? DNU, ?LUH Z?LAB LNF-
WIW? NIPZ?A?MBHH_B
*
; XZBNX_B ?D H?RF ZN?`?L[D XBNBXRU, ?D T?E-
FDABWIN[ ULF\U[, HIK_XIBE_[ T?E-FDABWINY-TIRhDIWU; I X?-XD?N_B LXI,
?D H?RF ULFD XBNBXRU, ?D FDABWIN[ UEBHFBE_[ FDABWINY-TIRhDIWU, R?U
ZN?PDUNIcDP[ HI TIR, WLB D[HFDP[ U RNBZ[DP[.


%)/f+35+ ")#0-)++%

^N?D-TNIE-NBS (3).
Main tor-gallant yard. Vergye de grand perroquet.
o?N-TNIE-NBS (7).
Fore top-gallant yard. Vergue de petit perroquet.
3NcP-TNIE-NBS (11).
Mizen tor-gallant yard. Vergue de perruche.
" PU` NB[` Z?RIKIH? X_hB PBW?. "H_[ P?PD?[D Z?L KHI-
RIEU (3), (7), (11), ?DIRBAIMUXIcDP[ RIR ?LHI, DIR U LNFWI[ ?LU-
HIR?X?. &BNBXRU, R?D?N_[ HI HU` HIRAIL_XIcDP[, U X??T\B XPB
ZNUHILABMH?PDU R HUE PFDY PABLFc\U[.
>NIE-gIA (t).
The haliards of the top gallant yard.
La drisse du grand hunier.
-BPE?ABHI[ XBNBXRI, PAFMI\I[ LA[ Z?LHUEIHU[ TNIE-
NB[ XXBN` TNIE-PDBHWU U ?ZF\BHU[ BW? HI HUK ?H?S L? ?ZNB-
LBABHHIW? EBPDI; LA[ PBW? Z?PNBLUHB TNIE-NB[ ZNUX[K_XIBDP[
PDN?Z P R?FhBE, KI R?D?N?S KIRAIL_XIBDP[ WIR BW? LNIS-NBZI (D.B.
D?W? PIEIW? gIAI, R?D?N?S Z?LHUEIBD U ?ZFPRIBD NBc), ZN?`?-
L[\IW? X hRUX, XLBAIHH_S X D?ZB TNIE-PDBHWU U ZN?L?AMIc\I-
W?P[ ?D ?HIW? XHUK Z?L EINP, WLB XX[K_XIBDP[ X HBW? TA?R, R?D?-
N?S ?PH?X_XIBDP[ XBNBXR?S P LNFWUE TA?R?E, FDXBNMLBHH_E UAU
KIA?MBHH_E HI ZIAFTB, ]D? X??T\B

*
-I UH_` PFLI` XEBPD? R?FhBS LBAIcD X TAUHLI-NBB hRUX_, XPDIXA[[ ?H_B X D?E
HIZNIXABHUU, RIR ULFD TIRhDIWU.
146
U HIK_XIBDP[ TNIE-gIA, UAU TNIE-WUHBf
*
. NU X_D[WUXIHUU ?HI-
W? (HI ZIAFTB) TNIE-NBS Z?L_EIBDP[ XXBN`, I ZNU ?DLI]B ?ZFPRI-
BDP[ XHUK HI PX?B ?ZNBLBABHH?B EBPD?.
>BSgFD (u).
Truss-parrel. Racage a 1'angloise.
&BNBXRI, UAU R?N?DR?S PDN?Z, R?D?N_S ?TbBEABD TNIE-
PDBHWF U ZNUP?BLUH[BD R HBS TNIE-NBS; ?H_S P?PDIXA[BDP[ Z?-
L?TH?, RIR TBSgFD_ F EINPI-NBBX P D?c D?AYR? NIKHUfBc, ]D?
LAUHH_S R?HBf BW?, PLBAIHH_S ZBDABc, ?TbBEA[ TNIE-PDBHWF,
HIRAIL_XIBDP[ HI ?]R?, UAU ZBDAc, F TNIE-NB[ ZNURNBZABHHFc,
WLB U KIRAIL_XIBDP[ RHBXBHP?E (LBNBX[HH_E WX?KLBE). $UB LBAI-
BDP[ LA[ D?W?, ]D?T_ TNIE-NBS PR?NBB E?MH? T_A? ?PX?T?LUDY
ZNU PZFPRB BW? P?XPBE HI HUK.
BND_ U FHLBN-ZBND_ (B), (f).
Horse, or foot-rope. Marche-pied.
-IRAIL_XIcDP[ ZBNX_[ HI H?RU TNIE-NBBX, ?H_B P?PDIX-
A[cDP[ Z? EBNB PX?BS D?]H? DIR, RIR Z?RIKIH_ X_hB PBW? ZBND_
F ZN?]U` NBBX, U PAFMID LA[ PD?[HU[ AcL[E F TNIE-NB[ X? XNBE[
Z?LTUNIHU[ UAU ?DLIXIHU[ ZINFPI.
>NIE-TNIP_ (v).
Tob gallant braces.
Les bras du perroquet.
"T\BB UE[ TNIP?X, ZNUHILABMI\U` TNIE-NB[E, ?H_B HI-
RAIL_XIcDP[ ZN?PD? ?W?H?E HI RIML_S H?R TNIE-NB[, ?DRFLI
ULFD R ?ZNBLBABHH_E LA[ U` EBPDIE, ?ZFPRIcDP[ HI HUK, WLB D[-
HFDP[ U RNBZ[DP[. :BSPDXUB TNIP?X Z?RIKIH? X_hB PBW? F HUM-
HU` NBBX.
>NIE-D?ZBHIHD_ (w).
Top gallant lists.
Les balancines perroguet.
"T\BB UE[ D?ZBHIHD?X, ZNU TNIE-NB[` P?PD?[\U`, ?H_B
HIRAIL_XIcDP[ ZN?PD? ?W?HIEU HI RIML_S H?R TNIE-NB[, ?D R?-
D?N_` ULFD X R?EBAY-TA?]RU, XX[KIHH_B HI RIML?S PD?N?HB
XXBN`F TNIE-XIHD, ?D R?U` ?ZFPRIcDP[ HI EINP, WLB D[HFDP[ U
RNBZ[DP[. :BSPDXUB D?ZBHIHD?X Z? EBNB PX?BS BPDY D? MB, RIR
X_hB PBW? Z?RIKIH? F ZN?]U` NBBX.
NUEB]IHUB. 3IR TNIE-TNIP_, DIR U TNIE-D?ZBHIHD_ P?TPDXBHH?B PX?B HIKXIHUB
UEBcD P ZNUA?MBHUBE UEBHU D?S TNIE-NBU, ZNU R?D?N?S ?HU HI`?L[DP[,
RIR HIZNUEBN: WN?D-TNIE-TNIP, g?N-TNIE-D?ZBHIHD U ZN?]. >NIE-
D?ZBHIHD_ ?PH?X_XIcDP[ XPB ?LUHIR?X? ]NBK R?EBAY-TA?]RU, XX[KIHH_B X
TNIE-XIHD_, ?D R?U` ?ZFPRIcDP[ HI EINP; I TNIE-TNIP_ ?PH?X_XIcDP[
PABLFc\UE ?TNIK?E, UEBHH?: WN?D-TNIE-TNIP_ ULFD ?D

*
^UHfIEU HIK_XIcDP[ EIA_[ DIAU, R?D?N_` ?TI TA?RI PFDY ?LH?hRUXH_B
147
H?R?X WN?D-TNIE-NB[, X TA?]RU ZNUX[KIHH_B Z?L RNcSP-PIAUHW?E (XXIII),
?D R?U` ?ZFPRIcDP[ HI HUK X hRUX X R?gBAY-ZAIHRB (PE. ZAIH <, Z?K. d"')
HI cDB UAU HI hRIHfI` XPDIXABHH_S, WLB ?H_B TNIP_ D[HFDP[ U RNBZ[DP[.
o?N-TNIE-TNIP_ ULFD ?D H?R?X g?N-TNIE-NB[ I TA?]RU, ZNUX[KIHH_B Z?L
WN?D-PIAUHW?E (XXI), ?D R?U` ?ZFPRIcDP[ HI HUK X R?gBAY-ZAIHRF (PE.
ZAIH <, Z?K. d'"), HI hRIHfI` X T?NDF FDXBNMLBHHFc, WLB ?H_B TNIP_ D[-
HFDP[ U RNBZ[DP[. 3NcSP-TNIE-TNIP_ ULFD ?D H?R?X RNcSP-TNIE-NB[ X
TA?]RU, R WN?D-PDBHW-XIHDIE Z? PZ?P?TH?PDU ZNUX[KIHH_B, ?D R?U` ?ZFP-
RIcDP[ HI HUK, WLB D[HFDP[ U RNBZ[DP[. 4BMLF ZN?]UE, L?AMH? KIEBDUDY,
]D? F TNIE-NBBX TNIPP_ U D?ZBHIHD_ U` ?W?HIEU PX?UEU PX[K_XIcDP[
XEBPDB, LIT_ FL?THBB T_A? PHUEIDY ?H_B P H?RI-NB[; UT? TNIE-NBU HI X?-
BHH_` PFLI` X? XNBE[ PD?[HU[ HI [R?NB ZNU KI`?MLBHUU P?AHfI XPBWLI HI
HUK ?ZFPRIcDP[
*
, I ZNU X?P`?MLBHUU ?Z[DY HIXBN` Z?LHUEIcDP[, ]D? U
?KHI]IBD Z?FDNF HI]IDUB XPB` NIT?D, I X XB]BNF ?R?H]IHUB ?H_`; UPRAc-
]I[ HB?T`?LUE?PDU, WLB LBSPDXUB ZN?UP`?LUD Z? EBNB HIL?TH?PDBS.

*
:A[ PZFPRF TNIE-NBBX (PE. ]BNDBM X, gUW. 10) ZNU ?DIRBAIMUXIHUU U` ZNUX[K_-
XIcD ?R?A? PNBLUH_ H?RI (UAU HI
1
/
4
LAUH_) RIML?S TNIE-NBU R?Fh; X R?D?N?S ZN?-
`?LUD hDBND, P XX[KIHH_E X R?HfB BW? R?FhBE, ]NBK R?D?N?S ZN?ZFPRIcD TNIE-
W?NLBAY, PAFMI\US LA[ Z?LbBEI U PZFPRF TNIE-NB[; ?H?B ZN?UKX?LUDP[ Z?PNBLPD-
X?E DIR HIK_XIBEIW? P?TIRU-TA?RI, R?D?N_S BPDY HB ]D? UH?B, RIR ZN?PD?S ?PDN?Z-
ABHH_S TA?R HBT?AYh?S XBAU]UH_, UEBc\US XXBN`F PX?BW? PDN?ZI XX[KIHH_S R?-
Fh, Z?LAB R?BW? ZNUX[K_XIcDP[ LXI R?N?DRU[ R?HfI P ?]RIEU, R?UEU ?`XID_XIBDP[
TNIE-PDBHWI PKILU DIR, ]D? R?WLI ?]RU P?SLFDP[ EBMLF P?T?c, D? KIRAIL_XIcDP[
RHBXHBE, ]NBK ]D? U P?PDIXA[BDP[ ZNU ?H?E TA?RB U TNIE-PDBHWB N?L TBSgFDI.
3?WLI MB HIL?TH? PZFPRIDY TNIE-NBc, D? ZN?LBXIcD TNIE-W?NLBHY PRX?KY PRI-
KIHH_S P?TIRF-TA?R U WIR TNIE-LNISNBZI, ?PX?T?L[ ?D TNIE-NBU, KIRAIL_XIcD KI
R?Fh P?TIRU-TA?RI, HI]UHIcD D[HFDY TNIE-WUHBf, I TNIE-W?NLBHY NIKLBNWUXIDY, U
R?WLI P?TIRI-TA?R P (ZN?LBD_E X HBE) TNIE-W?NLBHBE Z?LHUEIBDP[ XXBN` R hRUXF
TNIE-PDBHWU, D?WLI KIRNBZA[cD TNIE-WUHBf U X_D[WUXIcD X_hB FZ?E[HFD_S hDBND
HI PIAUHWB, ?D]BW? TNIE-W?NLBHY R?FhBE-hDBNDI ZNUD[WUXIBDP[ R ZNURNBZABHH?EF
HI NBB R?FhF; I R?HBf hDBNDI KIX[K_XIBDP[ HI PNBLUHB NB[ KI D?D PIE_S R?Fh, X
R?D?N?S TNIE-LNIU-NBZI WIR KIRAIL_XBDP[. q]UHUX XPB PRIKIHH?B, X_HUEIcD RHB-
XBHY UK TNIE-TBSgFDI U, KIRNBZUX HI ?LH?S PD?N?HB TNIE-D?ZBHIHD U TNIE-TNIP,
Z?PDIXUX Z? ]BA?XBRF HI PDBHW-XIHD_, PIAUHWU U HI TNIE-mKBAYW?gDB, DIRMB HI EIN-
PI` R KIRNBZABHH?EF D?ZBHIHDF, I XHUKF HI KIRNBZABHH_S TNIE-TNIP U L?X?AYH?B
]UPA? AcLBS HI TNIE-WUHBf. qPDN?UX XPB ?H?B, TNIE-NBS W?D?X R PZF\BHUc HI HUK,
U ZNU PA?XB "Z?X?NI]UXIS" X E?EBHD D[HFD TNIE-W?NLBHY U TNIE-D?ZBHIHD, ?PIMU-
XIcD TNIE-TNIP; P PRIKIHH_E PA?X?E ]BA?XBR, X PBE EBPDB PD?[\US, HI mKBAYW?gDB
?DD?ARHBD TNIE-NBc, ]D? PZ?P?TPDXFBD P ?PIMUXIHUBE TNIE-TNIPI R D?EF, ]D?T_
ZNU PUAYH?E NIKEI`B TNIE-NB[ HB PA?EUDY N?MR?X F PIAUHWI. ? Z?X?N?DB DNIX[D
TNIE-W?NLBHY U ?ZFPRIcD NBS HI HUK; ZNU]BE PHUEIcD TNIE-D?ZBHIHD U TNIE-TNIP,
U HI PIE_S H?R NB[ HIRAIL_XIBDP[ PDN?ZRI, R?D?NI[ XPBWLI HI TNIE-W?NLBHB HI`?-
LUDP[; PUB LBAIBDP[ LA[ D?W?, ]D?T_ H?R HB ?D`?LUA ?D TNIE-W?NLBH[, U NBS hBA T_
ZN[E? HI HUK; NIXH? U LA[ D?W?, ]D?T_ ZNU Z?LbBEB EBHBB KILBXIA XBN`HUS H?R U
FL?THBB BW? E?MH? T_ T_A? ?DX?LUDY. &? XNBE[ MB Z?LbBEF TNIE-NBBX XXBN`, R?WLI
?H_[ ZNULFD R HILABMI\BEF EBPDF, D? HILBXIcD TNIE-TNIP_ U TNIE-D?ZBHIHD_ U
Z?LHUEIcD ?HFc L? EBPDI, R?WLI MB NB[ TFLBD W?D?XI R D?EF, ]D?T Z?X?N?DUDY, D?
HI ?LH?S PD?N?HB NIKLBNWUXIcD D?ZBHIHD X?XPB, I HI LNFW?S X_TUNIcD PAITUHF U P?
PA?X?E "Z?X?NI]UXIS" ?DLIcD hDBND P R?FhBE, X_D[WUXIcD TNIE-D?ZBHIHD HI ?L-
H?S, I TNIE-TNIP HI LNFW?S PD?N?HB; Z?D?E, X_N?XH[X TNIE-D?ZBHIHD_ U TNIE-
TNIP_, KIA?MUX WIR TNIE-LNISNBZI U TNIE-TBSgFD, ?PDIXA[cD TNIE-NBc X HIPD?[-
\BE BW? Z?A?MBHUU
148
^N?D-T?E-TNIE-NBS (4).
Main-Royal yard. Vergue de grand perroquet volant.
o?N-T?E-TNIE-NBS (8).
Fore royal yard. Vergue de petit perroquet volant.
3NcSP-T?E-TNIE-NBS (12).
Mizen roayl yard. Vergue de petit perroquet volant.
" PU` NB[` Z?RIKIH? X_hB PBW?, WLB U P?PD?[D ?HB Z?L
KHIRIEU (4), (8) U (12). "H_[ X??NFMIcDP[ RIR ?LHI, DIR U LNFWI[
?LUHIR?X?, UEBcD ZNU PBTB D?ZBHIHD_ U TNIP_, R?D?N_B ZN?`?-
L[D X ?ZNBLBABHH_[ LA[ HU` EBPDI U D[HFDP[ HI EINPI`; T?E-
TNIE-NBU ZNUP?BLUH[cDP[ R PX?UE T?E-TNIE-PDBHWIE TBSgFD?E
DIR?X_E MB D?]H?, RIR U F TNIE-NBBX; Z?LHUEIcDP[ MB XXBN` U
?ZFPRIcDP[ XHUK Z? T?E-TNIE-PDBHWB XBNBXR?S, UEBHFBE?S T?E-
TNIE-gIA.
NUEB]IHUB. >?E-TNIE-gIA_ LBAIcD H_HB DIRUE ?TNIK?E, ]D? X HIPD?[\US R?HBf
PBW? gIAI (ULF\IW? ?D T?E-TNIE-PDBHWU XHUK), HBEH?W? X_hB EINPF
XZABPHUXIcD (ZNUP?BLUH[cD) R?HBf XBNBXRU N?XH?S D?A\UH_ T?E-TNIE-
gIAF, ?D]BW? U P?PDIXA[BDP[ ?D PBW? gIAI LXI `X?PDI, UK R?D?N_` ?LUH TB-
NFD HI ZNIXFc, I LNFW?S HI ABXFc PD?N?HF; PZ?P?T PBS PAFMUD FL?TPDX?E
Z?L ZINFPIEU X_D[WUXIDY T?E-TNIE-gIA HI HIXBDNBHH?S PD?N?HB, U ]NBK
D? KIEBH[BD ?HB LA[ T?E-TNIE-PDBHWU XEBPD? TIRhDIWI. >?E-TNIE-NBU
XEBPDB P TNIE-NB[EU ?ZF\IcDP[ HI HUK, ZNU Z?X?N?DB U` FZ?DNBTA[cD XPB
DB MB PNBLPDXI, ]D? U ZNU TNIE-NB[`, (D? BPDY ZN?LBXIcD R?HBf hDBNDI P
R?FhBE, PRX?KY R?Fh HI T?E-TNIE-NBB ZNUX[KIHH_E U ZN?].), D?AYR? HI
EBPD? TNIE-W?NLBH[ FZ?DNBTA[BDP[ ZNU HU` T?E-TNIE-gIA; XZN?]BE, ?W?HI
D?ZBHIHD?X U TNIP?X U` DIRMB PX[K_XIcDP[ XEBPDB, LIT_ FL?THBB T_A?
PHUEIDY ?H_B P H?RF-NB[. NUD?E L?AMH? KIEBDUDY, ]D? ZNU Z?X?N?DB
?H_` NBBX HI RIML?S EI]DB TNIE-NB[ U T?E-TNIE-NB[ X?N?]IcDP[ X ZN?-
DUXHFc PD?N?HF, LBAI[ X ZBNBPB]BHUU EBMLF P?T?c gUWFNF HIRNBPD; PUB
LBAIBDP[ LA[ D?W?, ]D?T_ FL?THBB T_A? HI ZN?DUXH_` PD?N?HI` PHUEIDY
TNIP_ U D?ZBHIHD_, ]D? XPBWLI ZN?UKX?LUDP[ P ?DAU]H?S NIPD?N?ZH?PDUc;
UT? X PBE LBSPDXUU KIRAc]IBDP[ E?NPR?B \BW?AYPDX?, WLB EIA_E ]UPA?E
AcLBS FZ?DNBTABHH?B ZN?X?NPDX?, PH?N?XRI U UKTBMIHUB KIZFDIHH?PDU
PHIPDBS LIcD Z?AH?B ZNBX?P`?LPDX? ZN?DUXF DB`, WLB ?H?B LBSPDXUB P KI-
EBLABHUBE ZN?UKX?LUDP[.
^UR (14). Main boom. Gui.
^IgBAY (15). Gaff. Pie vergue a corne.
?RIKIH_ X_hB PBW? Z?L KHIRIEU (14) U (15). $UU ZN?-
L?AYH_[ LBNBXY[ UEBcD DIRMB PX?B X??NFMBHUB, R?D?N?B ZN?UK-
X?LUDP[ PABLFc\UE ?TNIK?E:
^UR ZBND_ (`). Spauker bom Horse. Cui Marche-pied.
&BNBXRU, HIA?MBHH_[ HI R?HBf WURI, Z? ?TB BW? PD?N?H_
ULF\U[ U ZN?L?AMIc\U[P[ L? WIRIT?NDF, WLB, HBEH?W? ?PAITUX,
U` KI PIE_S WUR ZNURNBZA[cD; ?HB UEBcD HI PBTB RH?Z_ (FKA_) U
PAFMID LA[ PD?[HU[ AcL[E ZNU FT?NRB ZINFPI, P?PD?[\IW? F WU-
RI.
149
^UR D?ZBHIHD-hDBND_ (F).
Laniard of the Main boom lift. Gui Balancine.
-BPE?ABH_[ R?N?DRU[ LXB XBNBXRU, X R?Hf_ R?U` XX[KI-
H_ R?FhU, PRX?KY R?D?N_[ ZN?`?L[D WUR-D?ZBHIHD_. $UU hDBND_
HB ]D? UH?B, RIR R?HBf XBNBXRU (LAUH?c X 8 UAU 10 gFD), PA?-
MBHH_S Z?Z?AIE U X_TAUH?]H_E FKA?E HIA?MBHH_S, ?DPDFZ[ ?D
XHBhH[W? R?HfI R WIRIT?NDF Z?]DU HI
1
/
3
XPBS LAUH_ WURI. "HU
PAFMID X Z?E?\Y D?ZBHIHDIE LA[ Z?LLBNMUXIHU[ WURI.
^UR-TIRhDIWU (z).
Main boom pendents. Gui gaihaubans.
:?X?AYH? LAUHH_B hRBHDBAU, HIA?MBHH_B HI PIE?S R?-
HBf WURI, X R?HfI` PX?U` UEBcD XX[KIHH_B R?FhU, KI R?D?N_B
KIRAIL_XIcDP[ WUHf_, ULF\U[ R RNIc T?NDI Z? ?TB PD?N?H_ WU-
RI; ?H_[ PZ?P?TPDXFcD ZBNBX?LUDY WUR X DF U LNFWFc PD?N?HF.
^UR-DIAU (z'). Main-boom-tackle. Palans de Gui.
jIAU, KIA?MBHH_[ KI ?TF`, XTUD_S X T?ND XHFDNU R?NIT-
A[, U KI R?Fh PDN?ZI RNFW?E WURI, XK[DIW? TAUK D?W? EBPDI, WLB
WUR UEBBD PX?B PB]BHUB P WIRIT?ND?E. ^UR-DIAU NIPZ?AIWIcDP[
NIXH?, ?LHB Z? ?LHF, I LNFWU[ Z? LNFWFc PD?N?HF WURI; ?H_EU
FLBNMUXIBDP[ WUR XPBWLI X DIR?X?E Z?A?MBHUU, RIR?B DNBTFBD
HIZNIXABHUB ZINFPI ZNU HBE P?PD?[\IW?.
^UR-D?ZBHIHD (a'). Topping lift. Gui Bakfncene.
-BPE?ABH_[ XBNBXRU, R?D?N_[ HIRAIL_XIcDP[ HI R?HBf
WURI, PAFMID R Z?LLBNMUXIHUc BW? W?NUK?HDIAYH?; UT? WUR ?L-
HUE PX?UE R?Hf?E FZUNIBDP[ X TUKIHY-EI]DF (IV) U R ?H?S TBS-
gFDIEU
*
ZNUP?BLUHBH, I HI LNFW?E BW? R?HfB HIA?MBH_ PUU D?-
ZBHIHD_, R?D?N_B ?PH?X_XIcDP[ NIKAU]H?. -_HB T?AYhBc ]IP-
DUc ?PH?X_XIcD ?H_B DIRUE ?TNIK?E: WUR-D?ZBHIHD_, ULF\UB
?D H?RI, ZN?X?L[DP[ PRX?KY R?FhU WURI-D?ZBHIHD-hDBND?X (F), ?D
R?U` ZN?PDUNIcDP[ ?HB X TA?RU Z?L RNcP-EINP?E
**
, P RIML?S
PD?N?H_ TUKIHY-EI]D_ ZNURNBZABHH_[, ?D R?D?N_` ?ZFPRIcDP[
XHUK X hRUX_ ZAIH?R, ZNUhUD_` R WURF Z? ?TB BW? PD?N?H_ P
HINFMH?S ]IPDU TAUK WIRIT?NDI; ZN?SL[ PRX?KY ?H_[ ZAIHRU, X
R?Hf_ PU` D?ZBHIHD?X XX[K_XIcDP[ R?FhU, R?D?N_B PD[WUXIcD-
P[ Z?PNBLPDX?E `XID-DIABS P DIR?X_EU MB R?FhIEU, X ?P?T?E
PDN?ZB HI`?L[\UEUP[ U ZNURNBZABHH_EU HI WURB Z?LAB PIE?S

*
>BSgFD F WURI BPDY XBNBXRI, ?ThUDI[ R?MBc, ULF\I[ ?D ?LH?S AIZ_ WIgBA[, ?Tb-
BEABD P?T?c TUKIHY-EI]DF U, X?KXNI\I[PY R LNFW?S AIZB Z?LAB ?H?S, KIRNBZA[BDP[.
**
q UH_` TA?RU PUU ZNUX[K_XIcDP[ KI D?Z-TUKIHY-EI]D_ Z?L mKBAYW?gD?E.
150
TUKIHY-EI]D_
*
, ]NBK R?D?N_B HID[WUXIcD WUR-D?ZBHIHD_ L? HIL-
ABMI\IW? Z?A?MBHU[.
^IgBAY-NIRP_.
Gaff parrell. Pie vergue a corne Racage.
/?L TBSgFDI, UAU HIHUKIHH_B HI XBNBXRF LBNBX[HH_B
hINURU, ?TbBEAc\UB TUKIHY-EI]DF, R?UEU WIgBAY R HBS ZNU-
P?BLUH[BDP[; Z?PNBLPDX?E PBW? WIgBAY FL?THBB Z?LHUEIBDP[ Z?
?H?S EI]DB XXBN` U ?ZFPRIBDP[ HI HUK. -_HB T?AYhBc ]IPDUc
WIgBAY `?LUD Z? DNBPBAY EI]DB, ZNUP?BLUH[BDP[ R ?H?S TBSgF-
D?E, R?D?N_S ?ThUXIcD R?MBS.
^IgBAY-W?NLBAY (P').
Gaff jears. Pie verque a corne Drisse.
-BPE?ABHI[ XBNBXRI, ?PH?XIHHI[ EBMLF LXFE[ LXF`-
hRUXH_EU TA?RIEU, UK R?D?N_` ?LUH HIA?MBH HI D?Z TUKIHY-
EI]D_ (IV) U ?ZF\BH PKILU B[ EBMLF A?HW-PIAUHWIEU XHUK Z?L
EINP (IX); I LNFW?S TA?R, ?PDN?ZABHH_S P WIR?E, R?D?N_E KIRAI-
L_XIBDP[ KI ?TF`, XTUD_S X WIgBAB. &P[ PU[ ?PH?XI XEBPDB HIK_-
XIBDP[ WIgBAY-W?NLBAY; R?HBf B[, UAU A?ZINY, ULBD ?D XBN`H[W?
TA?RI XHUK, WLB U D[HBDP[; LBSPDXUBE ?HIW? WIgBAY Z?LHUEIBDP[
XXBN` U ?ZFPRIBDP[ HI HUK.
:UNUR-gIA (d').
Topping-lift. Martinet pour la vergue.
-BPE?ABHI[ XBNBXRI, LIc\I[ WIgBAc MBAIBE?S FW?A P
EI]D?S, ZNU R?BS ?H HI`?LUDP[; PU[ XBNBXRI PAFMUD ZNU HBE, RIR
D?ZBHIHD F ZN?]U` NBBX; ?HI[ ?PH?X_XIBDP[ PABLFc\UE ?TNI-
K?E
**
: LAUHHI[ XBNBXRI, ZNURNBZABHHI[ ?LHUE PX?UE R?Hf?E R
D?ZF RNcP-PDBHWU (XXIII), ULBD ?D ?HIW? LNFWUE PX?UE R?Hf?E X
?LH?hRUXH_S TA?R, HI H?RB WIgBA[ ZNUX[KIHH_S, ZN?`?L[ ]NBK
?H_S X?KX_hIBDP[ X LXF`hRUXH_S TA?R, R mKBAYW?gDF TUKIHY-
EI]D_ ZNURNBZABHH_S, ?D R?BW? ?TNI\IBDP[ ?Z[DY R WIgBAc X
?LH?hRUgH_S TA?R, ZNUX[KIHH_S (?D H?RI) HI
1
/
3
XPBS BW? LAU-
H_; ZN?SL[ ]NBK PBS TA?R X?KX_hIBDP[ R D?EF MB LXF`hRUXH?EF
TA?RF, F mKBAYW?gDI ZNURNBZABHH?EF, ZN?`?LUD X LNFW?S BW?
hRUX, ?D R?BW? ?ZFPRIBDP[ HI HUK, WLB D[HBDP[ U RNBZUDP[ X ?Z-
NBLBABHH?E EBPDB.
+NUHP-DIAU (B'). Vangs. Palan de retenue.
$E?ABH_B LAUHH_B hRBHDBAU, HIA?MBHH_B HI H?R WIgB-
A[, ULFD ?D ?HIW? XHUK, UEBcD X R?HfI` PX?U` XX[KIHH_B

*
^?NIKL? FL?THBB XEBPD? HIA?MBHHIW? PDN?ZI P R?FhIEU XR?AI]UXIDY Z? DF U Z?
LNFWFc PD?N?HF WURI HBT?AYhUB ?TF`U.
**
:UNUR-gIA ?PH?X_XIcD NIKAU]H?, PE?DN[ Z? FL?TH?PDU, H? Z?RIKIHH_S PZ?P?T
H_HB XXBLBH X FZ?DNBTABHUB U BPDY AF]hB U FL?THBB ZN?]U`.
151
TA?RU, P R?UEU ?PH?X_XIcDP[ WUHf_ (HBT?AYhUB DIAU), ULF\U[
P ?LH?S U LNFW?S PD?N?H_ R RNIc WIRIT?NDI, WLB ?H_[ KI ?TF`U
TAUK NIR?XUH_ XR?A?]BHH_[, WIRIEU HUMHU` PX?U` TA?R?X KI-
RAIL_XIcDP[. &P[ PU[ ?PH?XI XEBPDB HIK_XIBDP[ BNUHP-DIAU,
LBSPDXUBE R?D?N_` FLBNMUXIBDP[ FLIABHUB WIgBA[ X DF U LNF-
WFc PD?N?HF.

jIRUE ?TNIK?E Z?RIKIH_ XPB ZNUHILABMH?PDU X??NFMB-
HU[ EI]D U NBBX
*
, Z? FPDIH?XABHUU R?U` X HILABMI\U` EBPDI`
P??TNIKH? Z?N[LRF HI]UHIcD X_D[WUXIDY XBPY DIRBAIM U PHIPDU,
R?D?N_[ Z?D?E RNBZ[D U FTUNIcD DIR, ]D? RIMLI[ XBNBXRI, KIH[X
PX?B ?ZNBLBABHH?B EBPD?, P?PD?UD X Z?AH?S PUAB PX?BW? LBSPD-
XU[, U D?WLI R?NITAY HI`?LUDP[ X? XPBE PX?BE ?PHI\BHUU.
3N?EB ?DIRBAIMUXIHU[ EI]D, PDBHW, TNIE-PDBHW U NBBX,
BPDY HBR?D?NIW? N?LF PHIPDU, R?D?N_[ P?XPBE ?P?T? LA[ NIKH_`
ZNUHILABMH?PDBS X ?KHI]BHH_` EBPDI` ZNUX[K_XIcDP[, RIR-D?:
KI WN?DI-hDIW Z?TAUK?PDU BW? EFPUHWI ZNURNBZA[BDP[ PE?ABH_S
hRBHDBAY P? XZABPHBHH_E X LNFW?E BW? R?HfB R?FhBE, KI R?D?-
N?S KIRAIL_XIcDP[ WIR?E DIAU LA[ Z?LbBEF NIKH_` D[MBPDBS.
$UU DIAU HIK_XIcDP[ FHLBN-g?R
**
; DIRMB HI WN?DI-NBB, HBEH?W?
?DPDFZ[ ?D H?RF, HIXBhUXIcDP[ DIAU LA[ Z?LbBEF HI R?NITAY P
X?L?c T?]BR; ?H_[ UEBHFcDP[ XIDBN-DIAU.
NUEB]IHUB. -I HBR?D?N_` <HWAUSPRU` R?NITA[` XIDBN-DIAU ?PH?X_XIcDP[ PAB-
LFc\UE ?TNIK?E: X ?LUH R?HBf A?Z?N[ XZABPHUXIcD WIR, R?D?N_S KIRAI-
L_XIcD KI R?Fh PDN?ZRU, HI H?RB NB[ ZNURNBZABHH?S, LNFW?S MB R?HBf
PBW? A?ZIN[ UEBBD HILBD_S HI PBT[ TA?R X LAUHH?E PDN?ZB, R?BW? WIR HI-
`?LUDP[ LA[ KIRAIL_XIHU[ KI T?]B]H_B PDN?Z_ UAU LNFWU[ D[MBPDU; Z?D?E
?H_S R?HBf ULBD X TA?R, X R?HfB LAUHHIW? hRBHDBA[ XZABPHBHH_S, ?D R?B-
W? ?ZFPRIBDP[ HI HUK X RIHUgIP-TA?R, D[HBDP[ HI hRIHfI`, HI hRIgFDB UAU
HI ZIAFTB. qZ?E[HFD_S hRBHDBAY LBAIBDP[ L?X?AYH? LAUHBH U LNFWUE
PX?UE R?Hf?E ZNURNBZA[BDP[ R WN?DI-NBc Z?]DU HIL PIE_E T?ND?E R?-
NITA[. &_W?LI PU` XIDBN-DIABS BPDY DI, ]D? A?ZINY U`, TFLF]U XK[D X ?LUH
NIK, ZN?`?LUD X DNB` TA?RI`, D[HBDP[ ABW]B ?T_RH?XBHH_` DIABS, I ZNUD?E
ZNU P?RNI\BHH?S BW? LAUHB XPB D[MBPDU HI R?NITAY X EBHYhBB XNBE[ E?-
WFD T_DY Z?LHUEIBE_, ]D? X? EH?WU` PAF]I[` T_XIBD RNISHB HFMH?;
XZN?]BE, FTUNIDY ?H_B U HIXBhUXIDY XBPYEI ABWR? U FL?TH?, ]D? [PH?
UK?TNIMBH? HI ]BNDBMB X X gUW. 8.

*
:?AMH? KIEBDUDY, ]D? XPB NBU X??NFMIcDP[, RN?EB LNISXBN-NB[ U AUPBAY-NBBX,
R?D?N_[ HI`?L[DP[ TBK XP[RIW? X??NFMBHU[; R HUE ZNUX[K_XIcDP[ HILABMI\UB
ZINFPI, P R?UEU ?HU Z?LHUEIcDP[, RFLI PABLFBD, I Z? PZF\BHUU XEBPDB P PX?UEU
NBSRIEU (TFLF]U R HUE ZNUX[KIHH_EU) X?XPB FTUNIcDP[.
**
jIR RIR FHLBN-g?R X? XNBE[ Z?`?LI E?MH? X?XPB PHUEIDY, D? LA[ ]UPD?D_ UH_B
ZNUX[K_XIcD R hDIWF XEBPD? hRBHDBA[ R?Fh, KI R?D?N?S WIR?E KIRAIL_XIcD DIAU
152
jIRMB R ?P?TBHH?EF N?LF PHIPDBS ZNUHILABMUD XBNBXRI,
UEBHFBEI[ ZBNBXBS-D?ZBHIHD; (PA?X? ZBNBXBS BPDY UPZ?N]BHH?B
<HWAUSPR?B preventer, D.B. ZNBL?PDBNBWIDBAYH_S), ?H RAILBDP[ HI
WN?DI U g?RI-NB[` U PAFMUD X Z?E?\Y HIPD?[\BEF U` D?ZBHIHDF
D?AYR? D?WLI, R?WLI H?R NB[ ?TNBEBH[BDP[ XBAUR?c D[MBPDUc,
RIR HIZNUEBN: ZNU Z?LbBEB HI R?NITAY ZFhBR, [R?NBS, WNBTH_`
PFL?X U ZN?]. ?TNIK Z?A?MBHU[ BW? BPDY PABLFc\US: ZNUX[K_-
XIcD PKILU mKBAYW?gDI TA?R
*
, X R?D?N_S ZN?`?LUD ZBNBXBS-
D?ZBHIHD, UEBc\US X ?LH?E R?HfB PX?BE XZABPHBHH_S WIR, R?-
D?N_E ?H Z? ?Tb[DUU H?RI-NB[ KIRAIL_XIBDP[ KI PIEIW? PBT[, I
LNFW?S R?HBf BW? ZN?LBXIBDP[ X TA?R, ZNUXBhBHH_S Z?L mKBAY-
W?gD?E, ?DRFLI ?ZFPRIBDP[ HI HUK, WLB U RNBZUDP[ HI TUDPI`. jI-
RUE ?TNIK?E, E?MBD ?H ABWR? PHUEIDYP[ P ?LH?W? H?RI U ZBNBH?-
PUDP[ HI LNFW?S UAU FTNIH T_DY HI EINPB, R?WLI HBD X HBE HFM-
L_.
$UE ?RIH]UXIBDP[ Z?RIKIHUB ?PHI\BHU[ X??NFMIBEIW?
R?NITA[; XZN?]BE, ZNU ?H?E BPDY ?P?TBHHIW? N?LF NIKAU]H_[
NIT?D_, R?D?N_[ HB?T`?LUE? Z?]DU X ?LH? XNBE[ P ?PHIPDR?c
R?NITA[ L?AMH_ ZN?UKX?LUDYP[, RIR-D?: Z?LH[DUB U Z?PDIH?XAB-
HUB ZFhBR, ZNUX[K_XIHUB RIHID?X R [R?N[E, ?PH?XIHUB XBNBX?R
LA[ LBSPDXU[ ?H_EU, NIXH? ZNUXBLBHUB NIKAU]H_` XB\BS X HIL-
ABMI\BB U` Z?A?MBHUB LA[ HIPD?[\IW? UEU LBSPDXU[; R?D?N_[
HUMB PBW? PABLFcD T_DY Z?RIKIH_.
-.3Q'55 -/]+V 3# V)#"2k
FhRU HI R?NITAY Z?LHUEIcDP[ DIRUE ?TNIK?E: X?-
ZBNX_`, ?ZFPRIcD WN?DI-NBS (1) L? Z?A?XUH_ EI]D_, ?D?ZAUXI-
cD BB D?ZBHIHD?E U ZBNBXBS-D?ZBHIHD?E U ?TNIP?ZAUXIcD DIR,
]D?T_ WN?DI-NB[ T_AI Z?]DU ZN?DUX PNBLUH_ hRIgFDI U ]NBK D?
TFLBD ?HI HI`?LUDYP[ N?XH? U ZN?DUX PNBLUH_ PNBLH[W? Z?NDI
HUMH[W? LBRI. ?D?E KI D?Z UAU mKBAYW?gD WN?D-EI]D_ KIRNBZ-
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UEBBD 2 LcSEI Z?PILRU HI XP[RUB 3 gFDI X ZBNBLHBE AURB; I X
KILHBE AURB U Z? hRID?NUHB X?XPB Z?PILRU HU]BW? HB UEBBD.
3AUXBN UEBBD 4 LcSEI Z?PILRU HI XP[RUB 3 gFDI Z? hDIWF U
?LUH LcSE X? XP[R?E Z?A?DHB Z? hRID?NUHB, I X ZBNBLHBE AURB
Z?PILRU HB UEBBD. >NIEPBAU UEBcD 2 LcSEI Z?PILRU X? XP[R?E
Z?A?DHB Z? hRID?NUHB U ?LUH LcSE HI XP[RUB 3 gFDI Z? T?RIE.
rUPBAU UEBcD 1
1
/
2
LcSEI Z?PILRU HI RIML_B 3 gFDI X R?P_`
AURI` U X?XPB HURIR?S X ZN[E_`.
q PhUDIW? ZINFPI RNFW?E BW? ?ThUXIBDP[ RN?ERI, R?D?-
NI[ HI XBN`HBS BW? PD?N?HB, UAU AURB, LBAIBDP[ hUNB ZN?]U`,
Z?D?EF ]D? HI ?H?S ZN?NBK_XIcDP[ L_NRU, HIK_XIBE_[ AcXBN-
P_, PAFMI\U[ LA[ ZN?LBXIHU[ XBNBX?R, R?UE ZINFP ZNUX[K_XIBD-
P[ R NBc; LA[ AF]hIW? MB PRNBZABHU[ ZINFP?X

*
N[E_B ZINFPI X??T\B Z?]DU XPB ]BD_NBFW?AYH_B NIPZFPRIcDP[ Z? NB[E, WIgBAc,
WURF U hZUNDIE; DNB`FW?AYH_B MB NIPZFPRIcDP[ Z? hDIWIE, Z? ABBNIE U Z? EI]DB.
**
"DH?PUDBAYH? LBSPDXU[ WUD?XIEU U W?NLBH[EU F ZINFP?X, ZNU R?U` ?HU HI`?L[D-
P[, TFLBD Z?RIKIH? HUMB PBW?, WLB PABLFBD. 4BMLF ZN?]UE, L?AMH? KIEBDUDY, ]D? F
]BD_NBFW?AYH_` ZINFP?X XBN`HUS RNIS HIK_XIBDP[ XBN`HUS AUR, T?RI UAU Z?A_
HIK_XIcDP[ AURU, I HUMHUS RNIS hRID?NUHI; BPAU XBN`HUS AUR ZINIAABABH hRID?-
NUHB, D? LXI HUMHUB FWAI ZINFPI HIK_XIcDP[ hR?D?X_EU FWAIEU, I XBN`HUB TBHKB-
ABX_EU. q DNBFW?AYH_` ZINFP?X DIRMB U F ]BD_NBFW?AYH_`, X R?U` XBN`HUS AUR
HBZINIAABABH, ZBNBLHUS FW?A F HUMHBS hRID?NUH_ HIK_XIBDP[ WIAP?X?S FW?A, KIL-
HUS HUMHUS FW?A hR?D?X_S, XBN`HUS ZBNBLHUS FW?A XHFDNBHHUS, I XBN`HUS KILHUS
gIAYH_S, UAU XHBhHUS; XBN`H[[ PD?N?HI UAU R?P?S RNIS ZBNBLHUE AUR?X_E F DNB-
FW?AYH_`, I XBN`HUE F ]BD_NBFW?AYH_` ZINFP?X, I KILH[[ PD?N?HIKILHUS AUR.
179
R T?R?X_E U` AURIE U X NIKH_` EBPDI` Z? hRID?NUHB (R HUMHBS
PD?N?HB), WLB RNBZ[DP[ R ZINFPF PHIPDU, ZNUhUXIcDP[ HIZ?L?TUB
Z?LRAILRU H?X_[ Z?A?DHU\I, UEBHFBE_[ T?FD_; ?H_[ RAILFDP[
XPBWLI P D?S PD?N?H_, HI R?D?NFc ?T_RH?XBHH? XBDN LFBD, D.B. P
KILHBS PD?N?H_ ZINFPI
*
; HIR?HBf XBPY ZINFP ?ThUXIBDP[ XBNBX-
R?c, HIK_XIBE?c AUR-DN?P, R?D?NI[ ULBD Z? AUfF ZINFPI, UP-
RAc]I[ HUMHU` FWA?X, WLB ?H?S ?T?NI]UXIBDP[ U RAILBDP[ Z?
UKHIHRB. -I FWAI` ZINFPI LBAIcDP[ UK XBNBX?R ?W?H_ (ZBDAU) LA[
ZNUX[K_XIHU[ PHIPDBS, PAFMI\U` R NIPZFPRIHUc ZINFPI; DIRMB
U HI XBN`HU` FWAI` ZINFPI ?PDIXA[cD UK AUR-DN?PF LXI HBT?AY-
hU[ ?W?HI, HIK_XIBE_[ WIAP_, X R?D?N_B ZN?LBXIcDP[ XBNBXRU,
UEBHFBE_[ H?R-TBHKBAU, I X AcXBNP_ ZN?LBXIcDP[ NBXIHD_,
R?UEU ZNUX[K_XIBDP[ ZINFP R NBc; HIZ?PABL?R X NIKH_` D?]RI`
T?R?X_` AUR?X U hRID?NUH_ LBAIcDP[ HI AUR-DN?PB EH?WU[ XB-
NBX?]H_[ ZBDBAYRU, HIK_XIBE_[ AcXBNP_, R R?D?N_E ZNUX[K_-
XIcDP[ PHIPDU, HFMH_[ LA[ NIPD[WUXIHU[, FEBHYhBHU[ U Z?LTU-
NIHU[ ZINFPI. q HUMHU` U PNBLHU` ZN[E_` ZINFP?X X ?KHI]BH-
H_` EBPDI` HIhUXIcDP[ HI ZINFP ?P?TIW? N?LI Z?A?P_, HIK_-
XIBE_[ NUgH_[ Z?A?P_, UAU NUg-TIHD
**
; X ?H_` LBAIcDP[ LUN_
D?]H? DIR, RIR U X PIE?E XBN`HBE AURB ZINFPI, X R?D?N_[ ZN?LB-
XIcDP[ ZA?PRU[ XBNBXRU, F R?U` P ?TBU` PD?N?H Z?LAB PIEIW?
ZINFPI KIX[K_XIcD Z? FKAF, LIT_ XBNBXRI X DF U LNFWFc PD?N?HF
HB ZN?`?LUAI; R?Hf_ MB PU` XBNBX?R XUP[D Z? ?TB PD?N?H_ ZINF-
PI LAUH?c HB T?ABB HI PNBLUHB ?D LXF` L? ]BD_NB` gFD, I R H?-
RIE NB[ ULFD HBPR?AYR? R?N?]B U ZNU ?R?H]IHUU T_XIcD HB T?-
ABB LXF` gFD; ?H_[ XBNBXRU UEBHFcDP[ NUg-PBKHU; ?HB PAFMID R
Z?LX[K_XIHUc ZINFPI X? XNBE[ RNBZRIW? XBDNI, ]D? U HIK_XIBDP[
Z?-E?NPR?EF: "XK[DY F ZINFPI NUg_"
***
. :A[ P?`NIHBHU[ MB EIN-
PBABS ?D DNBHU[, ZNBDBNZBXIBEIW? UEU ? RNI[ EINPI, RAILBDP[ HI
AUfB PBW? ZINFPI ?D PNBLUH_ HUMHBS hRID?NUH_ L?X?AYH? X_-
P?RI[ U hUN?RI[ HIhUXRI, UEBHFBEI[ PD?ZAID; U PXBN` D?W? LXI
UAU DNU Z?A?DHI HI PNBLUHB Z?LhUXIcDP[ XXBN` LA[ D?W?, ]D?T_
ZNU ?DLI]B EINPBA[ HB DBNA? BW? ?T hDIW.
NUEB]IHUB. :?AMH? KIEBDUDY X NIPPFMLBHUU PHIPDBS, ZNUHILABMI\U` R RIML?EF
ZINFPF, ]D? RIRU[ P ?LH?S BW? PD?N?H_ ZNUX[K_XIcDP[ XBNBXRU U RIR ?H_[
ZN?`?L[D U RNBZ[DP[, D? DIR?X_[ MB U P LNFW?S BW? PD?N?H_,

*
lILH[[ PD?N?HI F ZINFPI HIK_XIBDP[ AUf? ZINFPI, I ZBNBL BW? HIK_XIBDP[ UKHIHRI
ZINFPI.
**
$UU Z?A?P_ L?AMH? ZNUhUXIDY D?WLI, R?WLI ZINFP P?XPBE PhUD.
***
q PNBLHU` ZINFP?X, UEBHFBE_` EINPBAU, LBAIcD PHI]IAI Z?AFNUgRU U DNU HI-
PD?[\UB NUgI, UAU TBK Z?AFNUgRI ]BD_NB HIPD?[\UB NUgI; F HUMHU` ZINFP?X LBAI-
BDP[ ?LUH UAU LXI NUgI. -I HBR?D?N_` PFLI` U F XBN`HU` ZINFP?X, UEBHFBE_`
TNIEPBAU, LBAIcD Z? ?LH?EF NUgF.
180
Z?L?TH? ZBNX?S X ?KHI]BHH_` EBPDI` T_XIcD ZNURNBZABH_ U UEBcD ?LU-
HIR?X?B HIKXIHUB; ?H_EU LBSPDXUB ZINFPI RIR P ?LH?S, DIR U P LNFW?S
PD?N?H_ P?WAIPH? ZN?UKX?L[D; RN?EB PBW?, XP[RI[ XBNBXRI, R?Bc ZINFP
Z?LHUEIBDP[, HIK_XIBDP[ gIA; R?D?N?c MB ZINFP Z?LD[WUXIBDP[ UAU Z?L-
TUNIBDP[ HIK_XIBDP[ WUD?X, UAU W?NLBHY
*
; F FHLBN-KBBABS, D.B. F ZINFP?X,
UEBHFBE_` WN?D U g?R, ULF\U[ ?D HUMHU` FWA?X ZINFPI XBNBXRU ?LHI ?D
FWAI R H?PF R?NITA[ HIK_XIBDP[ WIAP, I LNFWI[ ?D D?W? MB FWAI, ULF\I[ R
R?NEB, UEBHFBDP[ hR?D, D? BPDY, ]D? ZBNBLHUS HUMHUS FW?A ZINFPI,
UEBc\IW? XL?AY R?NITA[ PX?B Z?A?MBHUB, D[HBDP[ WIAP?E, I KILHUS hR?-
D?E. q PNBLHU` ZINFP?X, UEBHFBE_` EINPBAU, hR?D?X_B FWA_ ZNUD[WUXI-
cDP[ R ?R?HB]H?PD[E HUMH[W? NB[ XBNBXRIEU, HIK_XIBE_EU EINPI-
hR?D_; F XBN`HU` ZINFP?X, HIK_XIBE_` TNIEPBAU, HUMHUB FWA_ ZNUD[WU-
XIcDP[ R H?RIE EINPI-NB[ TNIE-hR?DIEU, I F PIE_` XBN`HU` ZINFP?X,
UEBHFBE_` T?E-TNIEPBAU, HUMHUB FWA_ ZNUD[WUXIcDP[ R H?RIE TNIE-NB[
T?E-TNIE-hR?DIEU. &??T\B MB F XPB` ZN[E_` ZINFP?X, R?U ZNUX[K_XI-
cDP[ R NB[E, XBN`HUB FWA_ ZINFPI TBHKBA[EU (F H?R?X-NB[) ZNURNBZA[cD-
P[.
INFPI, UEBHFBE_B AUPBAU, ZNUP?BLUH[cDP[ UAU PDIX[DP[ P T?R?X ZI-
NFPI g?RI, EINPBABS U TNIEPBABS. q R?P_` MB ZINFP?X (Z?]DU F XPB`) WIAP
RNBZUDP[ HIWAF`?, I hR?D_ D[HFDP[ X ?ZNBLBABHH_` LA[ U` EBPDI`, ]D?
X??T\B ZN?UKX?LUDP[ P?WAIPH? P HIZNIXABHUBE R?NITA[ U XBDNI.
&PB ZINFPI Z?AF]IcD PX?U UEBHI ?D EI]D, NBBX, X_PDNB-
AUXIc\U`P[ LBNBX UAU ?D hDIW?X, Z? R?D?N_E ?HB NIPZFPRIcDP[
UAU R R?D?N_E ZNUX[K_XIcDP[. jIRUE ?TNIK?E, HUMHUB ZINFPI,
ZNU WN?D U g?R-EI]DB P?PD?[\UB, UEBHFBE_B FHLBN-KBUAU, P?T-
PDXBHH?B PX?B HIKXIHUB UEBcD WN?D U g?R.
35f35+ -#)/a#

^N?D (A). Main-Sail. La grande voile.
$IE_S T?AYhUS HI R?NITAB ZINFP ZNUX[K_XIBDP[ R WN?-
DI-NBc (I) Z? P?PD?[\BEF HI D? ZNIXUAF; ZNUHILABMI\U[ R HBEF
PHIPDU PFDY PABLFc\U[ (PE. ]BNDBM VII U ZAIH F):
^N?DI-WIAP (f ').
Main-Tack. Amure de la grande Voile.
:AUHHI[ XBNBXRI, ZN?LBDI[ PNBLUH?c PX?Bc X HUMHUS
FW?A ZINFPI ?P?TIW? N?LI ZBDABc, ?LUH BB R?HBf HIK_XIBDP[ WN?-
DI-WIAP, R?D?N_S ZN?`?LUD X LUNF X T?NDF R?NITA[, TAUK TIRI
ZN?NFTABHHFc, RFLI XPDIXA[cDP[ XLBAIHH_B X LBNBX?

*
$NBLHUB ZINFPI NIPD[WUXIcDP[ hR?DIEU U TFABH[EU, HUMHUB MB ZINFPI WIAP?E,
hR?D?E U TFABHBE; X??T\B MB Z?LTUNIcDP[ UAU Z?LD[WUXIcDP[ WUD?XIEU, W?NLB-
H[EU (NUg-DIA[EU) U WIHIZFDYc. 3NBZ[DP[ MB ZN[E_B ZINFPI (?TH?PH_EU PBKH[EU,
R?U` T_XIBD ?D 3 U L? 6 HI PD?N?HB) Z? NB[E, R R?D?N_E ?HB ZNUX[KIH_, I R?P_B Z?
EI]DB, PDBHWB UAU TNIE-PDBHWB F DB` EBPD, ?D R?D?N_` ?HB HI]IAU NIPZF\IDYP[.
181
LXI EBLH_` N?FAYPI, (UAU RIDRI)
*
, ]D? X??T\B HIK_XIBDP[ WIAP-
RAIEZ; ]NBK ?H_S ZN?`?L[, WN?DI-WIAP ULBD HI ZIAFTF, WLB X_D[-
HFD_S UAU ?PAITABHH_S RNBZUDP[ KI RNcP?X, UAU T?AYhIW? N?LF
ZAIHRF, FRNBZABHHFc TAUK RAIEZI X T?ND R?NITA[. :NFW?S MB
R?HBf PBS XBNBXRU, ULF\US ?D ?HIW? MB FWAI ZINFPI, UEBHFBDP[
WN?DI-hR?D.
^N?DI-hR?D (g').
Main Sheet. Ecoute de la grande voile.
:NFW?S R?HBf XBNBXRU, ULF\US ?D FWAI ZINFPI WN?DI, D?S
PIE?S, R?D?N?S ZBNX?S R?HBf BPDY WN?DI-WIAP (f '); WN?DI-hR?D
ZN?`?LUD DIRMB X RAIEZ, XLBAIHH_S X T?ND R?NITA[ HI hRIHfI`
(ZAIH <, Z?K. P"), ZN?SL[ PRX?KY XPDIXABHH_S X ?H?E hRUX
**
, D[-
HBDP[ HI hRIHfI` U RNBZUDP[ KI RNcP?X.
NUEB]IHUB. -I HBR?D?N_` PFLI` WN?DI-hR?D LBAIBDP[ LX?SH?S; PHI]IAI ZN?LBXI-
BDP[ ?H_S PRX?KY hR?D-TA?R, X hR?D?X?E FWAB ZINFPI ZNURNBZABHH_S, R?-
NBHHI[ ]IPDY BW? ZNUX[K_XIBDP[ R ?TF`F P R?FhBE KI T?ND?E, F hRIHBf
XR?A?]BHH?E; `?L?XI[ MB ]IPDY ZN?`?LUD PRX?KY PRIKIHH_S RAIEZ, HI D?E
MB T?RF Z?L hRIHfIEU PLBAIHH_S, U RNBZUDP[ KI RNcP?X, Z?L hRIgFD?E
ZNUTUD_S.
jIRMB LBAIcDP[ F PBW? ZINFPI U LX?SH_B WIAP_, R?NBHHI[ ]IPDY U`
ZNUX[K_XIBDP[ R ?TF`F HUMB RAIEZI, X T?ND XR?A?]BHH?EF, I `?L?XI[
]IPDY, ZN?SL[ PRX?KY ?LH?hRUXH_S TA?R, ZNUX[KIHH_S R hR?D?X?EF FWAF
ZINFPI, ULBD PRX?KY N?FAYP_, X RAIEZ XPDIXABHH_B, D[HBDP[ HI ZIAFTB U
RNBZUDP[ KI RNcP?X Z?L hRIgFD?E ZNUTUD_S.
^N?DI-WIAP (f ') U WN?DI-hR?D (g') PAFMID LA[ X_D[WUXIHU[ ZINFPI ZNU
BW? NIPZF\BHUU, R?D?N?B ZN?UKX?LUDP[ Z? EBNB HIZNIXABHU[ R?NITA[ U
XBDNI; ?TB PUU XBNBXRU RIR ?PH?XIH_ P ?LH?S PD?N?H_ R?NITA[, ULF\U[ ?D
?LH?W? HUMH[W? FWAI ZINFPI, DIR NIXH? U P LNFW?S BW? PD?N?H_ ?D LNFWIW?
FWAI ZINFPI, ?PH?XIHUB PX?B UEBcD; ?LHUEU PUEU XBNBXRIEU HB E?MH?
NIPD[WUXIDY ZINFPI ZNUAU]H_E ?TNIK?E LA[ R?PXBHH_` ZFDBS; U LA[ PBW?
R RIML?EF T?R?X?EF AURDN?PF ZNUX[K_XIBDP[ XBNBXRI, UEBHFBEI[ TFAUHY,
DIRUE ?TNIK?E, ]D? ?H LBSPDXFBD HI DNU BW? AcgBNPI, UK R?U` PIE_S
XBN`HUS HI`?LUDP[ HBEH?W? X_hB PNBLUH_ X_P?D_ ZINFPI, I LNFWUB LXI
Z?EB\IcDP[ X NIXH_` NIPPD?[HU[` EBMLF hR?D?X_E FWA?E U XBN`HUE
AcXBNP?E. :A[ ?PH?X_ TFAUH[ R LXFE XBN`HUE AcXBNPIE ZNUX[K_XIcDP[
R?Hf_ R?N?DR?S XBNBXRU, UEBc\BS PAITUHF, Z? R?D?N?S `?LUD R?Fh,
?H_S XZABPHUXIBDP[ X R?HBf LNFW?S, Z?L?TH?S R?N?DR?S XBNBXRU, R?BS
LNFW?S R?HBf ZNUX[KIH R HUMHBEF AcXBNPF; PBS P?PDIX XBNBX?R UEBHFBDP[
hZNcSD, PIE_S MB TFAUHY ZNUP?BLUH[BDP[ R PBEF hZNcSDF TBWF]UE R?-
FhBE, X R?HBf TFAUH[ XZABPHBHH_E, R?D?N_S `?LUD Z? PAITUHB XD?N?S,
D? BPDY HUMHBS

*
"LUH UK PU` N?FAYP?X RAILBDP[ W?NUK?HDIAYH?, I LNFW?S XBNDURIAYH?; HI UH_`
R?NITA[` X_hB PU` N?FAYP?X gFDI HI LXI (?R?A? ZAIHh_N[) LBAIBDP[ ?P?TBHHI[
ZAIHRI P DIR?X_EU MB N?FAYPIEU, ]NBK ?H_B ULBD WN?DI-WIAP X RAIEZ U DBE ?TABW]I-
BDP[ LBSPDXUB ZNU BW? HID[WUXIHUU.
**
4H?WUB LA[ FL?TH?PDU LBAIcD HUMB RAIEZI HBEH?W? XZBNBLU BW? MBABKH_S
]BPDN, UAU W?NUK?HDIAYH_S PBZD?N, R R?BEF ZNUX[K_XIcD ?LH?hRUXH?S TA?R, X
R?D?N?S ZN?X?L[D WN?DI-hR?D, ?DRFLI ULBD ?H_S X RAIEZ UAU ZN[E? PRX?KY Z?ND,
ZN?L?AMIBDP[ HI hRIHf_, WLB ?H_S D[HBDP[ U RNBZUDP[.
182
XBNBXRU PBW? hZNcSDI; X??T\B L?AMH? NIKFEBDY, ]D? XPBWLI R?NBHHI[
]IPDY HILBXIBDP[ P R?FhBE HI HUMHUS TFAUHY hZNcSD, I `?L?XI[ ]IPDY
ULBD, RFLI PABLFBD. jIR?X_E ?TNIK?E, F RIMLIW? ZINFPI, UEBc\IW? ZNU
PBTB TFAUHY, ?H_S ?PH?X_XIBDP[; LBSPDXUB TFAUH[ ZN?UKX?LUDP[ X D?
XNBE[, R?WLI NB[ ?TNIP?ZABHI
*
U ?H_S, TFLF]U HID[HFD, X_D[WUXIBD HI
XBDNBHHFc hRID?NUHF ZINFPI U DBE PZ?P?TPDXFBD XBDNF X? XPBS BW? PUAB
LBSPDX?XIDY HI ZINFP, I ]NBK D? R?NITAc ULDU TAUMB R XBDNF.
^N?DI-TFAUHY (h').
Main-Bawline. Grandes-Bouline.
&BNBXRI, ULF\I[ ?D T?R?X_` AUR?X ZINFPI WN?DI (<), X
TA?R, R g?R EI]DB (II) ZNUX[KIHH_S, HBEH?W? X_hB PB]BHU[ WN?-
DI-hDIWI UAU HI 6 gFD XXBN` ?D TIRI, ZN?SL[ PRX?KY PBS TA?R,
?HI[ ZN?L?AMIBDP[ P ?LH?S U LNFW?S PD?N?H_ HI ZIAFTF, WLB X?
XNBE[ LBSPDXU[ X_D[WUXIBDP[; RNBZUDP[ MB HI TIRB KI ZAIHRF
**
.
^N?DI-WUD?X_ (k'). Main clues. Grande cargue poins.
&BNBXRU, PAFMI\U[ LA[ Z?LTUNIHU[ ZINFPI, ?H_EU Z?L-
D[WUXIcDP[ R NBc FWA_ BW? P RIML?S PD?N?H_; WUD?X KIRNBZA[BD-
P[ PHI]IAI KI NBS (TAUK TA?RI, PRX?KY R?D?N?S BEF ZN?`?LUDY
L?AMH?), ?DRFLI ULBD X TA?R, X hR?D?X?E FWAB ZINFPI ZNUX[KIH-
H_S, ZN?`?L[ ]NBK ?H_S X?P`?LUD X TA?R, Z?L HUK?E NB[ ZNURNB-
ZABHH_S, ?D R?BW? ?ZFPRIBDP[ HI HUK U ZN?LBXIBDP[ PRX?KY
hRUXH_[ LUN_ F TUDP?X, WLB D[HBDP[ U RNBZUDP[.
^N?DI-W?NLBHU (l').
Main brails bunt-lines. Grandes cargues-fonds.
&BNBXRU, ZNURNBZABHH_[ X NIKH_` EBPDI` F T?R?X_` AU-
R?X ZINFPI, R?D?N_EU ?H_S P RIML?S BW? PD?N?H_

*
"TNIP?ZUDY NBSKHI]UD Z?PDIXUDY BB HIR?PY L? X?KE?MH?PDU, D? BPDY DIR, ]D?T_
?HI[ LBAIAI P RUABE R?NITA[ PIE?S EBHYhUS FW?A HI ?LHF UAU LNFWFc PD?N?HF;
EBMLF ZN?]UE ?H?B ZN?UKX?LUDP[ P??TNIKH? P RI]BPDX?E RIMLIW? PFLHI.
**
-_HB HIhAU FL?TPDX?E XEBPD? WN?DI-TFAUH[ ZF\IDY ?D hZNcSDI R?N?DRFc XB-
NBXRF, P XX[KIHH_E X R?HfB B[ R?FhBE, (F <HWAU]IH DIR?X_S R?Fh HIK_XIBDP[ AU-
KINL) R?D?NI[ ?ZFPRIBDP[ ?D hZNcSDI DIR, ]D? ]BA?XBR, PD?[\US HI hRIgFDB PX?-
T?LH? E?MBD L?PDIDY XX[KIHH_S X HBB R?Fh NFR?c; XEBPD? MB ZN?L?AMIc\IW?P[
TFAUH[ FZ?DNBTA[cDP[ ZBNBH?PH_[ DIAU, HI ?LH?E R?HfB UEBc\U[ ?D TA?RI ULF-
\US `X?PD, UAU hDBND, I HI LNFW?E U` R?HfB HI`?LUDP[ TA?R P WIR?E, R?D?N_E KI-
RAIL_XIcD KI PDN?Z, XK[D_S RNFW?E RHB`D?X, ]D? Z?KILU g?R-EI]D_. 3?WLI Z?HIL?-
TUDP[ D[HFDY WN?DI-TFAUHY, D? ?LUH ]BA?XBR X? XNBE[ ?TNIP?ZAUXIHU[ WN?DI-NB[
TBNBD ?ZF\BHH_S R?HBf ?D hZNcSDI, I ?D DIABS hDBND ?D TA?RI, R?D?N_S ZN?ZFPRI-
BD PRX?KY R?Fh, ?TXBND_XIBD R?HBf RNFW?E Z?LAB BW?, WLB U KIRNBZA[BD DIR (?PDIX[
HBT?AYh?S R?H]UR), ]D?T_ P FL?TH?PDUc E?MH? T_A? ?H_S ?DLIDY (?PX?T?LUDY);
Z? PLBAIHUU PBW? X_D[WUXIcD DIAU U RNBZ[D KI ZAIHRF; ]NBK ]D? HIXBDNBHHI[ PD?N?-
HI ZINFPI XEBPD? TFAUH[ X_D[WUXIBDP[; R?WLI MB Z?HIL?TUDP[ ?H_S ?DLIDY, D?, LBN-
HFX KI ?PDIXABHH_S R?HBf, hDBND D?D]IP X_PRIRUXIBD X?H UK ZN?LBDIW? R?FhI U
WN?DI-TFAUHY HI`?LUDP[ ?DLIHH_E; DIRUE ?TNIK?E LBSPDXUB PBW? TFAUH[ P D?S U P
LNFW?S PD?N?H_ ZN?UKX?LUDP[.
183
Z?LD[WUXIBDP[ R NBc; W?NLBHU ULFD ?D PD?N?H ZINFPI X TA?RU Z?L
HUK?E NB[, X NIKH_` EBPDI` Z? ?H?EF ZNUX[KIHH_B, ZN?PDUNI[PY
?D WUD?X TA?RI U LIABB R H?RF-NB[ RIR P ?LH?S, DIR U P LNFW?S BW?
PD?N?H_; ZN?SL[ PRX?KY ZNUX[KIHH_B TA?RU HI NBB, ?H_B ZN?-
PDUNIcDP[ X TA?RU, Z?L EINP?E ZNURNBZABHH_B, ?D R?U` ?ZFP-
RIcDP[ XHUK, WLB D[HFDP[ U RNBZ[DP[.
NUEB]IHUB. ^?NLBHBS F RIMLIW? ZINFPI HI`?LUDP[ HI RIML?S PD?N?HB Z? ]BD_NB;
UK R?U` LXI HIK_XIcDP[ H?R-W?NLBHU, R?D?N_B ZNURNBZA[cDP[ F T?R?X_`
AUR?X ZINFPI HBEH?W? X_hB hZNcSD?X_` AcXBNP?X; I LNFWUB LXI UEBHF-
cDP[ T_R-W?NLBHU, R?D?N_B ZNURNBZA[cDP[ R HUMHBS hRID?NUHB ZINFPI X
NIXH?E EBMLF P?T?c ?D HUMHU` FWA?X NIPPD?[HUU
*
; R PNBLUHB MB PBS
HUMHBS hRID?NUH_ ZNUX[K_XIBDP[ XBNBXRI, HIK_XIBEI[ IHIZFDY, R?D?NI[
ULBD X TA?R, Z?L HUK?E NB[ ?R?A? PBNBLUH_ ZNUX[KIHH_S, ?DRFLI ?ZFPRI-
BDP[ HI HUK, ?HI[ NIXH? RIR WUD?X_ U W?NLBHU LBSPDXFBD, ZNUD[WUXI[ PNB-
LUHF ZINFPI R NBc.
o?R (&). Fore sail. La voille de misaine.
$UE UEBHBE HIK_XIBDP[ ZINFP, ZNUX[K_XIBE_S R g?RI-
NBc (5); ?H_S BPDY PIE?S T?AYh?S ZINFP, ZNU g?R-EI]DB (II) P?-
PD?[\US.
o?RI-WIAP (m'). Fore-tack. Amure de misaine.
o?RI-hR?D (n'). Fore-sheet. Ecoute de la misaine.
:AUHHI[ XBNBXRI, ZN?LBDI[ PNBLUH?c PX?Bc X HUMHUS
FW?A ZINFPI ?P?TIW? N?LI ZBDABc, ?LUH B[ R?HBf HIK_XIBDP[ g?-
RI-WIAP, I LNFW?S g?RI-hR?D; XBNBXRI PU[ ?PH?X_XIBDP[ DIRUE MB
?TNIK?E U LBSPDXUB UEBBD D? MB, RIR X_hB PBW? Z?RIKIH? F ZINF-
PI WN?DI BW? WIAP U hR?D. o?RI-WIAP, X?-ZBNX_`, ZN?`?LUD X TA?R,
ZNUX[KIHH_S HI R?HfB T?RIHfI, ?D R?BW? ULBD ]NBK N?FAYP (RI-
D?R), XPDIXABHH_S X HIN?]HFc LBNBX[HHFc Z?LFhRF EBMLF WIP-
ZUPIEU, D[HBDP[ U RNBZUDP[ NIXH? U Z?L?TH? RIR P ?LH?S, DIR U P
LNFW?S PD?N?H_ HI TIRB; g?RI-hR?D ZN?`?LUD X RAIEZ, XLBAIH-
H_S X T?ND R?NITA[, HI XBN`HBE LBRB Z?L hRIgFD?E, (P RIML?S
PD?N?H_) WLB ?H_S hR?D D[HBDP[ U RNBZUDP[ HI XBN`HBS ZIAFTB X
?ZNBLBABHH?E EBPDB.
NUEB]IHUB. -I HBR?D?N_` PFLI` g?RI-hR?D LBAIBDP[ LX?SH?S, R?NBHHI[ BW? ]IPDY
ZNUX[K_XIBDP[ R R?FhF X ?TF` HBPR?AYR? XZBNBLU gIANBZI

*
:A[ FL?THBShIW? Z?LD[WUXIHU[ W?NLBHBS ?H_B ?PH?X_XIcDP[ DIR, ]D? RIML_B LXI
D[HFDP[ ?LHUE R?Hf?E; ?PH?XI PU[ LBAIBDP[ PABLFc\UE ?TNIK?E: LXI ?LH?hRUXH_`
TA?RI ?PDN?ZAUXIcD X ?LUH PDN?Z U PRX?KY RIML_S UK HU` ZN?LBXIcD LAUHH_B R?H-
f_ XBNBX?R, ?D XBN`H[W? TA?RI ?TI R?HfI ZN?`?L[D X LXF`hRUXH_B TA?RU, Z?L EIN-
P?E ZNURNBZABHH_B, ?D R?U` ULFD X TA?RU, LA[ W?NLBHBS HI NBB ZNUX[KIHH_B, U
?ZF\IcDP[ R AcXBNPIE, HI T?R?X?E AURB F ZINFPI PLBAIHH_E, KI R?D?N_B KIRNBZ-
A[cDP[, ]D? U P?PDIXA[BD R?NBHHFc ]IPDY LXF` W?NLBHBS. "D HUMH[W? MB TA?RI ?TI
R?HfI ?ZFPRIcDP[ HI HUK, ?LUH UK ?H_` RNBZUDP[ HIWAF`? KI R?gBAY-ZAIHRF, I LNF-
W?S BPDY `?L?X?S, KI R?D?N_S D[HFD U ]NBK D? ?TI W?NLBH[ Z?LD[WUXIcDP[.
184
FDXBNMLBHHIW?, ?DRFLI ZN?`?LUD PRX?KY TA?R, X hR?D?X?E FWAB ZINFPI
ZNUX[KIHH_S, ?D R?BW? `?L?XI[ ]IPDY ULBD PRX?KY hRUXHFc LUNF, X RAIE-
ZB PLBAIHHFc, ZN?PDUNIBDP[ XZBNBL U RNBZUDP[ KI RNcP?X, X T?RF FDXBN-
MLBHH_S.
jIRMB LBAIcDP[ U LX?SH_B WIAP_: R?NBHHI[ ]IPDY KIX[K_XIBDP[ X?-
RNFW XHBhH[W? R?HfI T?RIHfI, I `?L?XI[ ]IPDY ZN?`?LUD PRX?KY ?LH?h-
RUXH_S TA?R, ZNUX[KIHH_S R hR?D?X?EF FWAF ZINFPI, Z?D?E PRX?KY TA?R
HI XHBhHBE R?HfB T?RIHfI U ZN?`?LUD HI TIR, WLB D[HBDP[ U RNBZUDP[.
o?RI-TFAUHY (?'). Fore Bowline. Bouline de la misaine.
&BNBXRI, ]NBK R?D?NFc X_D[WUXIcD T?R?X_B AURU ZINFPI
g?RI (&) X? XNBE[ R?PXBHHIW? ZFDU R?NITA[; ?HI[ ZN?`?LUD X
TA?R, ZNUX[KIHH_S R mKBAYW?gDF TFhZNUDI (XIII), ?D R?BW? ZN?-
PDUNIBDP[ HI TIR, WLB D[HBDP[ U RNBZUDP[. "PH?XI U LBSPDXUB PBW?
TFAUH[ BPDY X? XPBE Z?L?THI, RIR Z?RIKIH? X_hB PBW? F WN?DI-
TFAUH[.
o?RI-WUD?X_ (N').
Fore clues carnets. Cargue poins de la misaine.
o?RI-W?NLBHU (q').
Fore brails bunt-lines. Cargue fonds de la misaine.
&BNBXRU, PAFMI\U[ LA[ Z?LTUNIHU[ ZINFPI, R?D?N_EU
?H_S ZNUD[WUXIBDP[ R g?RI-NBc (5). $UU XBNBXRU ZNURNBZA[DP[ U
LBSPDXFcD X? XPBE Z?L?TH?, RIR Z?RIKIH_ X_hB PBW? WUD?X_ U
W?NLBHU F ZINFPI WN?DI (<) P D?c D?AYR? NIKHUfBc, ]D? ?HB D[-
HFDP[ U RNBZ[DP[ HI TIRB.
>UKIHY ($). Mizen sail. L'artimon, ou la voile d'artimon.
$UE UEBHBE HIK_XIBDP[ ]BD_NB`FW?AYH_S R?P?S ZINFP,
HI`?L[\USP[ ZNU TUKIHY-EI]DB (IV); ?H_S ZNURNBZA[BDP[ R WI-
gBAc U ZNUP?BLUH[BDP[ Z?E?\Uc hHFNI R PIE?S EI]DB
*
.
>UKIHY-hR?D (r'). Mizen sheet. E'coute d'artimon.
&EBPD? PBW? hR?DI FZ?DNBTA[cD DIAU, R?D?N_[ ?LHUE
WIR?E KIRAIL_XIcDP[ KI R?Fh, XX[KIHH_S X HUMHUS hR?D?X?S
FW?A ZINFPI, I LNFWUE KI ?TF`, XTUD_S HI cDB F PIE?S R?NE_
**
;
R?HBf (UAU A?ZINY) PU` DIABS ZN?PDUNIBDP[ HI

*
-_HB HI EH?WU` X?BHH_` PFLI` TUKIHY ZNUX[K_XIBDP[ hHFN?E R ?P?T?EF WIgBAc;
R?D?N?S DBEU MB PHIPD[EU, ]D? U R?HDNI-TUKIHY (?T R?D?N?S TFLBD Z?RIKIH? HUMB
PBW?) Z?LHUEIBDP[ XXBN` X? DNBPBAY EI]DB, R R?D?N?S ZINFP PBS ZNUP?BLUH[BDP[
XBNBX?]H_EU NIRPIEU, DBEU PIE_EU, R?U PAFMID U LA[ R?HDNI-TUKIHU; U R?WLI
?HFc HFMH? Z?LH[DY, D? TUKIHY ?ZFPRIcD HI HUK, ?DX[K_XIcD NIRP_ ?D ZINFPI, I
PHIPDU ?D WIgBA[ U ZNURNBZA[cD U` X R?HDNI-TUKIHU U B[ WIgBAc, Z?D?E Z?LHUEIcD
R?HDNI-TUKIHY Z? D?S MB DNBPBAY-EI]DB. jIR?X_E MB Z?N[LR?E ?TNIDH? Z?PDFZIcD
ZNU Z?LH[DUU TUKIHU.
**
-I HBR?D?N_` <HWAUSPRU` R?NITA[` FRNBZA[cD HI cDB UK T?NDI X T?ND MBABKH_S
PBZD?N (N?L Z?W?HI), Z? R?D?N?EF TA?R LA[ TUKIHY hR?DI PX?T?LH? `?LUD Z?E?\Uc
R?FhI, X PDN?ZRB TA?RI XX[KIHHIW? U HILBDIW? HI PRIKIHH_S PBZD?N.
185
cDB, WLB D[HBDP[ U RNBZUDP[; DIAU PUU PAFMID R X_D[WUXIHUc
hR?D?XIW? FWAI ZINFPI ZNU BW? NIPZF\BHUU.
>UKIHY-WUD?X_ (s'). Mizen brails. Cargue d'artimon.
&BNBXRU, R?UEU ZINFP-TUKIHY Z?LTUNIBDP[ UAU ZNUD[WU-
XIBDP[ R TUKIHY-EI]DB U WIgBAc, ?H_[ ZNURNBZA[cDP[ R PBEF
ZINFPF X NIKH_` ?KHI]BHH_` EBPDI` U, ?TNI\I[PY R WIgBAc, X
ZNURNBZABHH_B LA[ HU` HI ?H?E TA?RU, ZN?SL[ ]NBK ?H_B, ?ZF-
\IcDP[ XHUK X R?gBAY-ZAIHRU HI cDB, Z? PD?N?HIE T?NDI FDXBN-
MLBHH_B, WLB D[HFDP[ U RNBZ[DP[.
3?HDNI-TUKIHY (D). Spanker. Contre d'artimon.
INFP, Z?L?TH_S TUKIHU, H? W?NIKL? T?ABB BW?, ZNUX[K_-
XIBDP[ R ?P?TBHH?EF LAUHH?EF WIgBAc, UEBBD F PBT[ X ?LH?E
R?HfB hR?D, ZN?`?L[\US X hRUX, XPDIXABHH_S HI R?HfB WURI,
]NBK R?D?N?S D[HBDP[ U RNBZUDP[ KI ZAIHRF, PHUKF WURI ZNUTU-
DFc. & LNFW?S MB HUMHUS FW?A ZINFPI XX[K_XIBDP[ R?Fh, KI R?-
D?N_S KIRAIL_XIcD `XID-DIAU (ABWRU[ HBT?AYhU[ DIAU); R?D?N_[
PAFMID XEBPD? WIAPI; ZINFP PBS Z?LHUEIBDP[ gIA?E Z? DNBPBAY-
EI]DB, R R?D?N?S ZNUP?BLUH[BDP[ NIRPIEU, UEBBD F PBT[ LXI UAU
DNU NUgI, R?D?N_EU X? XNBE[ RNBZRIW? XBDNF ZINFP FEBHYhIcD.
3?HDNI-TUKIHY Z?LD[WUXIBDP[ WUD?XIEU, U FTUNIBDP[, U RNBZUDP[
Z? DNBPBAY-EI]DB.
3?HDNI-TUKIHY-WUD?X_ (r').
Spanker brails. Cargue du centre d'artimon.
&BNBXRU, NIPZ?A?MBHH_[ X NIKH_` EBPDI` ZINFPI, R?UEU
?H_S Z?LTUNIBDP[ UAU Z?LD[WUXIBDP[ R DNBPBAY-EI]DB; R?HDNI-
TUKIHY-WUD?X_ ?PH?X_XIcDP[, RNBZ[DP[ U D[HFDP[ HI cDB X? XPBE
Z?L?TH?, RIR Z?RIKIH_ WUD?X_ ZNU ZINFPB TUKIHU.
<ZPBAY (+).
Mizen stay-sail. La voile d'etai d'artimon.
INFP, HI`?L[\USP[ EBMLF TUKIHY-EI]D?c (IV) U WN?D-
EI]D?c (III) (PE. DIRMB ZAIH D), R Z?PABLHBS UK PU` ?H_S ZNUX[-
K_XIBDP[
*
U Z?LHUEIBDP[ gIA?E (ZN?`?L[\UE X TA?R, ZNURNBZ-
ABHH_S Z?L RNcSP-EINP?E) R D?ZF TUKIHY-EI]D_, `?LUD Z? XB-
NBXRB, UEBHFBE?S ABBN, R?D?N_S HIRAIL_XIBDP[ ?W?H?E HI D?Z
TUKIHY-EI]D_, ?D R?BW? ULBD X R?Fh, PDN?ZI XK[DIW? X?RNFW WN?D-
EI]D_, ZN?SL[ PRX?KY ?H_S ?ZFPRIBDP[ HI ZIAFTF, WLB UEBBD X
R?HfB PX?BE XX[KIHH_S R?Fh, ]NBK R?D?N_S PD[WUXIBDP[ P ?TF-
`?E, FDXBNMLBHH_E X ZIAFTB DIANBZ?E, U DBE ZN?UKX?LUDP[ HI-
D[WUXIHUB ABBNI.

*
-I UH_` R?NITA[` ZBNBLHUS AUR PBW? ZINFPI ZNUX[K_XIBDP[ R PIE?EF ABBNF Z? D?S
BW? ]IPDU, R?D?NI[ ?D R?FhI ZN?PDUNIBDP[ Z? EI]DB R HUKF.
186
<ZPBAY-ABBN (t). Stay-sail stay. Draille.
&BNBXRI, Z? R?D?N?S ZINFP `?LUD, D? BPDY Z?LHUEIBDP[
XXBN` U ?ZFPRIBDP[ L? ?ZNBLBABHHIW? PX?BW? EBPDI, U LA[ D?W? HI
?HFc HIHUK_XIcD MBABKH_B RNBHWBAYP_, HBT?AYhU[ MBABKH_[
R?AYf_, R?D?N_[ ZNURNBZA[cDP[ R ZINFPF, U R?WLI ABBN X_D[HFD,
D? ?H_B Z? HBE `?L[D X DF U LNFWFc PD?N?HF PX?T?LH?, ]NBK ]D?
ZINFP Z?E?\Yc gIAI Z? ABBNF NIPD[WUXIBDP[, I XBNBXR?c, UEB-
HFBE?c HUNIA PTUNIBDP[ R PX?BEF EBPDF.
NUEB]IHUB. q RIMLIW? PDIRPBA[ HUNIA RNBZUDP[ KI XBN`HUS FW?A ZINFPI U ULBD ?D
?HIW? XHFDNU RNBHWBAYP?X X TA?]UR, ZNUX[KIHH_S R D?EF PIE?EF EBPDF,
?DRFLI ZINFP HI]IA NIPZF\IDYP[, U ZNU X_D[WUXIHUU HUNIAI ZINFP P?TU-
NIBDP[ R PX?BEF EBPDF, ]D? X??T\B F XPB` PDIRPBABS (R?P_` ZINFP?X) HI-
`?LUDP[. NU PBE L?AMH? KIEBDUDY, ]D? XPB PHIPDU (XBNBXRU), HI`?L[\U[-
P[ ZNU PDIRPBA[`, RIR-D?: ABBN_, gIA_, HUNIA_, hR?D_ U WUD?X_
P?TPDXBHH?B PX?B HIKXIHUB UEBcD P ZNUA?MBHUBE R HUE UEBHU D?W? PDIR-
PBA[, ZNU R?BE ?HB HI`?L[DP[, RIR HIZNUEBN: IZPBAY-ABBN, EULBAY-
PDIRPBAY-ABBN, IZPBAY-gIA, RNcP-PDBHWU-PDIRPBAY-HUNIA; D?]H? DIR U F
ZN?]U` PDIRPBABS PHIPDU U` UEBHFcDP[.
<ZPBAY-hR?D_ (t'). Mizen stay sail sheet.
Ecoute de la voile d'etai d'artimon.
&BNBXRU, ULF\U[ ?D HUMH[W? FWAI ZINFPI X TA?RU, ZNU-
X[KIHH_[ HI RIML?S PD?N?HB R T?NDF R?NITA[ HI hRIHfI`, ?HB
PAFMID LA[ X_D[WUXIHU[ PBW? ZINFPI ZNU BW? NIPZF\BHUU; D[-
HFDP[ U RNBZ[DP[ HI hRIHfI` KI ZAIHRU, X ?ZNBLBABHH?E EBPDB
LA[ PU` hR?D?X FRNBZABHH_[.
<ZPBAY-WUD?X_ (t"). Mizen stay sail brails.
Cargue de la voile d'etai d'artimon.
j?HRU[ XBNBXRU, ZNUX[KIHH_[ R KILHBEF AURF ZINFPI HB-
EH?W? HUMB BW? PNBLUH_, I R?Hf_ ?H_` ULFD Z? ?TBUE PD?N?HIE
IZPBA[ X TA?]RU, ZNUX[KIHH_B P RIML?S PD?N?H_ KI ABBN F WN?D-
EI]D_; ZN?SL[ PRX?KY ?H_B, ?ZFPRIcDP[ HI hRIHf_, WLB D[HFDP[
U RNBZ[DP[.
^N?D-PDIRPBAY (F). Main-stay-sail.
La grande voile d'etai.
pD?NE?X_S ZINFP, HI`?L[\USP[ EBMLF WN?D U g?R-
EI]D?c; ?H_S `?LUD Z? ABBNF, R?BW? XBN`HUS R?HBf KIX[K_XIBD-
P[ X?RNFW WN?D-EI]D?XIW? D?ZI Z?X_hB DIRBAIMI, I HUMHUS R?-
HBf HID[WUXIBDP[ ?P?T_EU DIA[EU, X?RNFW g?R-EI]D_ XK[D_EU;
Z?LHUEIBDP[ MB R D?ZF WN?D-EI]D_ Z?L WN?D-EINP?E (VII) Z?E?-
\Uc gIAI, R?D?NIW? R?NBHHI[ ]IPDY KIRNBZA[BDP[ X?RNFW EI]D?-
XIW? D?ZI, ULBD X TA?R, ZNUX[KIHH_S X FWAB ZINFPI, U ?TNI\IBDP[
R TA?RF, ZNUX[KIHH?EF HI DIRBAIMB Z?L EINP?E, U ?ZFPRIBDP[
XHUK Z?KILU EI]D_, WLB D[HBDP[ U RNBZUDP[; PBS ZINFP UEBBD
hR?D_ P WUHfIEU, R?D?N_B
187
ZN?`?L[D X ?ZNBLBABHH_[ EBPDI X TA?RU, ZNUX[KIHH_[ HI hRI-
gFDI`, WLB ?H_B D[HFDP[ U RNBZ[DP[.
o?N-PDIRPBAY (G). Fore stay-sail.
Tourmentin, ou petit foc.
pD?NE?X_S ZINFP, HI`?L[\USP[ EBMLF Z?A?XUH?c
TFhZNUDI U g?R-EI]D?c, ?H_S `?LUD Z? ABBNF, ULF\BEF ?D
TAUMH[W? RNIWI g?RI-hDIWI R D?ZF g?R-EI]D_ Z?L g?N-EINP?E
(VIII), RFLI PBS ZINFP ZNUD[WUXIBDP[ Z?E?\Uc gIAI, UEBBD hR?-
D_, R?D?N_B D[HFDP[ WUHfIEU X PX?U` ?ZNBLBABHH_` EBPDI` HI
TIRB.
NUEB]IHUB. "TI PUU X_hB Z?RIKIHH_B ZINFPI Z?LHUEIcDP[ X? XNBE[ PIEIW?
RNBZRIW? XBDNF U Z?D?EF HIK_XIcDP[ hD?NE?X_EU; ?HU R HILABMI\UE
PX?UE EBPDIE D[HFDP[ gIAIEU, NIPD[WUXIcDP[ hR?DIEU, I ?ZFPRIcDP[ UAU
PTUNIcDP[ R PX?BEF EBPDF Z?E?\Uc HUNIAI.
>AUHL (-).
Sprit-sail. La sivadiere.
INFP (PE. ]BNDBM VIII), ZNUX[K_XIBE_S R TAUHLI-NBc
(13), NIPD[WUXIBDP[ hR?DIEU, R?D?N_B ?D HUMHU` FWA?X ZINFPI
ULFD ZN[E? HI TIR; ?H_S Z?LTUNIBDP[ ZN?PD_EU WUD?XIEU U ?L-
HUE W?NLBHBE, ZNURNBZABHH_E R PNBLUHB HUMHBS hRID?NUH_.
$BS ZINFP X NIPPFMLBHUU ZN?]U` PAFMI\U` LA[ `?LF R?NITA[
ZINFP?X EIA? PZ?P?TBH U Z?D?EF X_hBA P?XPBE UK FZ?DNBTAB-
HU[.
?RIKIX XPB HUMHUB ZINFPI, PABLFcD DBZBNY PNBLHUB,
UEBHFBE_B EINPBAU, R?D?N_B ZNUX[K_XIcDP[ R EINPI-NB[E, (2 U
6) U RNcPBAY, ZNUX[K_XIBE_S R RNcPBAY-NBc (10). "H_B Z?LHU-
EIcDP[ Z? PDBHWIE, NIXH? U LNFWUB, EBMLF UEU NIPZF\IBE_B.

a)+.35+ -#)/a#

^N?D-EINPBAY (3).
Main-top fail. Le grand hunier.
N[E?S ZINFP (PE. ]BNDBM VIII U ZAIH +), ZNUX[K_XIB-
E_S R WN?D-EINPI-NBc (2), Z?LHUEIBDP[ (UAU NIPD[WUXIBDP[) Z?
WN?D-PDBHWB gIA?E, UEBHFBE_E WN?D-EINPI-gIA, ?H_S BPDY XD?-
N?S ZN[E?S ZINFP ZNU WN?D-EI]DB NIPZFPRIBE_S; UEBBD ZNU PBTB
PHIPDU, R?U PFDY PABLFc\U[:
^N?D-EINPI-gIA (y).
The main top sail haliard. La drisse du grand hunier.
"T ?H?E T_A? X_hB PBW? Z?RIKIH? (PE?DNU LNISNBZ TA?-
RU).
188
^N?D-EINPI-hR?D_ (u').
Top-sail-sheet. Ecoute du grand hunier.
&BNBXRU, ZN?LBD_[ X ?W?H_, UAU HBT?AYhU[ ZBDAU, F
HUMHU` FWA?X EINPBA[ HI`?L[\U[P[, ?HU FLBNMUXIcDP[ X PU`
?W?HI`
*
T?AYhUEU RH?ZIEU (FKAIEU), HI ?LH?E U` R?HfB UEBc-
\UEUP[; I LNFWUE R?Hf?E ULFD X TA?RU, HIA?MBHH_B HI H?RI`
HUMHU`-NBBX, ?D R?D?N_` ZN?L?AMIcDP[ Z? NBc L? BW? PNBLUH_,
WLB ZN?`?L[D X TA?RU, ZNUX[KIHH_B Z? DF U LNFWFc PD?N?HF XHU-
KF NB[ TAUK PDN?ZI W?NLBAY-TA?RI, ?D R?D?N_` ?ZFPRIcDP[ XHUK X
hRUX TUDP?X (PE. ZAIH <, Z?K. k'). q R?U` ZNU NIPZF\BHUU ZINF-
PI D[HFDP[ HI ZIAFTB, WLB KI ?H_B TUDP_ U RNBZ[DP[.
NUEB]IHUB. :?AMH? KIEBDUDY, ]D? Z? NIPZF\BHUU EINPBABS D[HFD U` hR?D_, U
R?WLI ?H_B TFLFD L? EBPDI L?D[HFD_, D?WLI HILABMUD D[HFDY EINPI-gIA_,
Z?PNBLPDX?E R?U` EINPI-NBU Z?LHUEIcDP[ XXBN`, U ]NBK D? X_D[WUXIcD
EINPBAY X? XPc BW? LAUHF. NU]BE HITAcLIcD, ]D?T LNFWU[ PHIPDU, P?-
PD?[\U[ ZNU ZINFPB, T_AU ?DLIH_ U X?XPB ?PAITABH_, RIR HIZNUEBN: WU-
D?X_, W?NLBHU U ZN?].
^N?D-EINPI-TFAUHY (v').
Top-sail bowline. Bouline du grand hunier.
&BNBXRI, ULF\I[ ?D T?R?X_` AUR?X WN?D-EINPBA[ (3) X
TA?R, ZNUX[KIHH_S R D?ZF g?R-EI]D_ Z?L mKBAYW?gD?E; ?DRFLI
?ZFPRIBDP[ PRX?KY g?N-EINP HI HUK, ZN?LBXIBDP[ PRX?KY hRUX-
HFc LUNF TUDP?X, WLB U D[HBDP[ HI ZIAFTB. :A[ PBW? TFAUH[ P RI-
ML?S PD?N?H_ T?R?XIW? AURI ZINFPI ?PH?X_XIBDP[ hZNcSD
**
,
Z?L?TH? RIR U F HUMHU` ZINFP?X, R R?D?N?EF ZNUP?BLUH[BDP[
PIE_S TFAUHY.
/Ug-DIABS-hRBHDBAY (`').
Reef-tackle Pendent. Pendeur des Palans de ris.
"T\BB HIKXIHUB XBNBXRU, ZNURNBZABHH?S KI AcXBNP F T?-
R?XIW? AURI EINPBA[, P RIML?S BW? PD?N?H_ HBEH?W? HUMB Z?-
PABLHBS NUgH?S Z?A?P_. /Ug-DIABS-hRBHDBAY ULBD ?D AcXBNPI, X
hRUX XPDIXABHH_S ZNU ?R?HB]H?PDU H?RI EINPI-NB[, ZN?SL[
PRX?KY ?H_S, X?P`?LUD XXBN`HUS hRUX R?EBAY-TA?RI, ]D? XX[KIH
EBMLF PDBHW-XIHDIEU
***
, ?D R?BW? ?ZFPRI-

*
pR?D_ ZN?LBXIcDP[ X ?W?HI DIR, ]D?T_ RH?Z_, HI R?HfI` U` PLBAIHH_B, ZNU`?LU-
AUPY P? PD?N?H_ H?RI.
**
$BS hZNcSD ?PH?X_XIBDP[ D?]H? DIR, RIR U F HUMHU` ZINFP?X, H? D?AYR? ?H_S
NIPZ?AIWIBDP[ HI NIPPD?[HUU ?D HUMHBS NUgH?S Z?A?P_ L? hR?D?XIW? FWAI DIR, ]D?
?H?B LBAUDP[ HI ]BD_NB NIXH_[ ]IPDU, U HI LXF` XHFDNBHHU` ]IPD[` UAU HI DNB`
XHFDNBHHU` D?]RI` ?H_S NIPZ?AIWIBDP[, WLB HIN?]H? LA[ PBW? LBAIcDP[ AcXBNP_, R
R?D?N_E ZNUP?BLUH[BDP[ XP[ ?PH?XI hZNcSDI.
***
j?W? PIEIW? TA?RI ULBD X HUMHUS hRUX, F R?BW? XXBN`HUS ZN?`?LUD XBNBXRI,
UEBHFBEI[ EINPI-D?ZBHIHD. $BS MB PIE_S TA?R HIK_XIBDP[ PUPDBN-TA?R.
189
BDP[ PRX?KY EINP HI HUK, WLB ZNUP?BLUH[cD R ?H?EF HBT?AYhU[
DIAU, HIK_XIBE_[ NUg-DIAU; R?D?N_EU ?H_S hRBHDBAY D[HBDP[ U
]NBK D? NUgH_[ Z?A?P_ F EINPBA[ Z?LHUEIcDP[ R PIE?EF NBc,
Z?PNBLPDX?E PBW? TBNFD F PU` ZINFP?X NUg_; D? BPDY Z?LX[K_XI-
cD (UAU FEBHYhIcD) ZINFP, WA[L[ Z? PUAB XBDNI; PIE?B MB T?AY-
h?B ?HIW? FEBHYhBHUB BPDY T?ABB Z?A?XUH_ XPBW? ZINFPI. &P[
PU[ ?PH?XI XBNBX?R P?TPDXBHH?B PX?B HIKXIHUB UEBBD (NUg-DIAU)
P ZNUA?MBHUBE UEBHU D?W? EINPBA[, ZNU R?BE ?HI[ HI`?LUDP[,
RIR HIZNUEBN: WN?D-EINPI-NUg-DIAU U ZN?].
NUEB]IHUB. NU XK[DUU NUg?X F EINPBABS LA[ KIRNBZABHU[ RNISHU` AcXBNP?X
ZINFPI R EINPI-NBc, FZ?DNBTA[BDP[ XBNBXRI, UEBHFBEI[ hD_R-T?AD, R?D?-
NI[ XPBWLI HI`?LUDP[ ZNU H?RB EINPI-NB[. 3?WLI Z?LD[HFD NUg-DIAU, D?
PBS hD_R-T?AD ZN?LBXIBDP[ PRX?KY PX?U TF`D_ (ZBDAU), X RIML?E NUgH?E-
AcXBNPB XK[D_[, I R?Hf_ BW? ZNUX[K_XIcDP[ R PABLFc\UE AcXBNPIE U R
XBN`F ZINFPI Z?RI Z?HIL?TUDP[.
^N?D-EINPI-WUD?X_ (F').
Top sail-clue-lines. Cargue pointe du grand hunier.
&BNBXRU, R?UEU NIPZF\BHH_S EINPBAY Z?LTUNIBDP[,
?H_EU Z?LD[WUXIcDP[ FWA_ BW? P RIML?S PD?N?H_ R PIE?EF NBc;
WUD?X_` T_XIBD HI PD?N?HB Z? ?LH?EF, ?HB KIRNBZA[cDP[ HI NBB
TAUK TA?RI, PRX?KY R?D?N_S UE ZN?`?LUDY L?AMH?, ULFD X ZNUX[-
KIHH_S TA?R X hR?D?X?E FWAB ZINFPI, ZN?`?L[ PRX?KY ?H_S X?P-
`?L[D X TA?R Z?L HUK?E EINPI NB[, TAUK PNBLUH_ BW? ZNURNBZ-
ABHH_S, ?D R?BW? ?ZFPRIcDP[ XHUK, WLB D[HFDP[ U RNBZ[DP[.
^N?D-EINPI-W?NLBHU (z').
Top sail leech-lines. Cargue-fonds du grand huuier.
&BNBXRU, ZNURNBZABHH_[ F T?R?X_` AUR?X ZINFPI, R?D?-
N_EU ?H_S P RIML?S PD?N?H_ Z?LD[WUXIBDP[ R NBc; ?HB ZNUX[-
K_XIcDP[ X NIKH_` D?]RI` ZINFPI, NIPZ?A?MBHH_` ?D HUMH[W?
FWAI L? Z?PABLHBS NUgH?S-Z?A?P_; ULFD ?D PX?U` EBPD X TA?RU,
HI NIKH_` ]IPD[` EINPI-NB[ ZNURNBZABHH_[; ZN?SL[ PRX?KY ?H_B
?ZFPRIcDP[ XHUK, WLB D[HFDP[ U RNBZ[DP[ Z? PZ?P?TH?PDU.
NUEB]IHUB. ^UD?X_` P RIML?S PD?N?H_ F EINPBABS UEBBDP[ Z? ?LH?EF, I W?NLBHBS
T_XIBD HI RIML?S PD?N?HB Z? LXI: ZBNX_S UEBHFBDP[ PAIT-W?NLBHY, I XD?-
N?S, UAU HUMHUS, LBX-W?NLBHY, U Z?PNBLUHB ZINFPI ULF\US W?NLBHY UEB-
HFBDP[ T_R-W?NLBHY, ?H_S RNBZUDP[ KI PIEFc PNBLUHF HUMHBS hRID?NUH_
ZINFPI; X??T\B MB XPB, TFLF]U ?PH?XIH_ U ZN?XBLBH_ PRX?KY TA?RU, HI
EINPI-NBB ZNURNBZABHH_B, ?ZFPRIcDP[ HI HUK, WLB D[HFDP[ U RNBZ[DP[ X
?ZNBLBABHH_` EBPDI` Z? PZ?P?TH?PDU.
o?N-EINPBAY (L). Fore-top-sail. Le petit hunier.
N[E?S ZINFP, ZNUX[K_XIBE_S R g?N-EINPI-NBc (6),
Z?LHUEIBE_S Z? g?N-PDBHWB; ?H_S BPDY XD?N?S ZN[E?S ZINFP,
190
ZNU g?R-EI]DB NIPZFPRIBE_S; UEBBD ZNU PBTB PHIPDU PABLFc-
\U[.
o?N-EINPI-gIA ({).
Fore-top sail haliard. La dresse du petit hunier.
"T ?H?E Z?RIKIH? X_hB PBW? (PE?DNU LNISNBZ TA?RU).
o?N-EINPI-hR?D_ (I").
Fore-topsail sheet. Ecoute du petit hunier.
&BNBXRU, ZNUD[WUXIc\U[ FWA_ ZINFPI R H?RIE g?RI-NB[
(2), ?PH?X_XIcDP[, ULFD, D[HFDP[ U LBSPDXUB ZN?UKX?L[D D? MB,
]D? PRIKIH? ? WN?D EINPI-hR?DI`; D[HFDP[ MB U RNBZ[DP[ PUU Z?-
PABLHU[ HI TIRB.
4IWBNEIH (b").
The Fore top-sail-bowline. Bouline du petit hunier.
$UE UEBHBE HIK_XIBDP[ g?N-EINPI-TFAUHY
*
, R?D?N_S ?P-
H?X_XIBDP[ ZNU g?N-EINPBAB (L) X? XPBE, Z?L?TH? WN?D-EINPI-
TFAUHc (v'); ULBD ?D PX?BW? hZNcSDI X LNFW?S hRUX TA?RI, ZNU-
X[KIHHIW? F mKBAYW?gDI TFhZNUDI, D?W? PIEIW?, F R?BW? X ?LUH
hRUX ZN?`?LUD XBNBXRI, UEBHFBEI[ g?RI-TF-AUHY
**
. "TI PUU TF-
AUH[ ZN?PDUNIcDP[ ?D PRIKIHHIW? TA?RI HI TIR, WLB Z?]DU XPBWLI
P?WAIPH? EBMLF P?T?c D[HFDP[. "HU PAFMID R X_D[WUXIHUc (HI-
XBDNBHHIW?) T?R?XIW? AURI ZINFPI; RNBZ[DP[ X ?ZNBLBABHH?E
EBPDB KI ZAIHRU, HI TIRB FDXBNMLBHH_B.
/Ug-DIAU-hRBHDBAY (P").
Reef-tackle Pendent.
Pendeur des Palans de ris.
&BNBXRI D?]H? DIRI[ MB, RIR U F WN?D-EINPBA[ (3) P D?c
D?AYR? NIKHUfBc, ]D? ?HI[ HI`?LUDP[ ZNU g?N-EINPBAB U P?TPD-
XBHH?B PX?B HIKXIHUB UEBBD: g?N-EINPI-NUg-DIAU, R?D?N_` LBS-
PDXUB U NIPZ?A?MBHUB BPDY DIR?X?B MB, RIR U ZBNX_`, H? D[HFDP[
PUU Z?PABLHU[ HI TIRB.
o?N-EINPI-WUD?X_ (d").
Fore-top-sail cluelines. Cargue pointe du grand hunier.
o?N-EINPI-W?NLBHU (B").
Fore-top-fail leech lines. Cargue-fonds du petit hunier.
&BNBXRU, R?UEU g?N-EINPBAY Z?LD[WUXIBDP[ UAU Z?LTU-
NIBDP[, ?H_[ D[HFDP[ U RNBZ[DP[ HI TIRB; ?PH?X_XIcDP[ MB

*
o?N-EINPI-TFAUHY Z?D?EF HIKXIH EIWBNEIH?E, ]D?T_ PLBAIDY ?DAU]UB ?D UEBHU
WN?D-EINPI-TFAUH[; UT? ?D HBL?PA_hIHU[ U ?hUTRU, X ZN?DUXH?PDY ZN?UKXBLBHH?S,
X PAF]IB D?W? UAU LNFWIW? E?WFD ZN?UK?SDU KIEBhIDBAYPDXI, I UH?WLI U `FL_[ Z?-
PABLPDXU[.
**
-I UH_` PFLI` LA[ g?RI-TFAUH[ ZN?LIATAUXIcDP[ LUN_ Z? ?TBUE PD?N?HIE ]UR-
P?X HI TFhZNUDB Z?HUMB DB`, R?U PLBAIH_ LA[ ZN?`?LF g?N-PDBHW-hDIWI U g?N-
A?PY-PDBHW-hDIWI.
191
X? XPBE Z?L?TH? WUD?XIE U W?NLBH[E, ZNU WN?D-EINPBAB (3) HI-
`?L[\UEP[.
3NcSPBAY (4). Mizen-top-sail.
Le perroquet de fougue, ou la voile de perroquet d'artimon.
N[E?S ZINFP, ZNUX[K_XIBE_S R RNcPBAY-NBc (II), Z?L-
HUEIBDP[ (UAU NIPD[WUXIBDP[) Z? RNcSP-PDBHWB. INFP PBS Z?L?-
TBH ?TBUE EINPBA[E (3 U L); H? D?AYR? W?NIKL? EBHBB ?H_`, U
BPDY PNBLHUS ZN[E?S ZINFP, ZNU TUKIHY-EI]DB NIPZFPRIBE_S;
PHIPDU ZNU ?H?E PFDY PABLFc\U[.
3NcSPBAY-gIA. Mizen-top-sail haliard.
La drisse du perroquet de fougue.
"T ?H?E X_hB PBW? Z?RIKIH? (PE?DNU LNISNBZ TA?RU).
3NcSPBAY-hR?D_ (f'').
Mizen-top-sail sheet. Ecoute du perroquet de fougue.
&BNBXRU, ZNUD[WUXIc\U[ FWA_ ZINFPI R H?RIE TBWBH-NB[
(9), UEBcD LBSPDXUB D? MB, RIR Z?RIKIH? F ZN?]U` EINPBABS hR?-
D_ U ?PH?X_XIcDP[ Z?L?TH? ZBNX_E.
NUEB]IHUB. :A[ RNcSPBAY-hR?D?X ZNUX[K_XIBDP[ HI PNBLUHB XHUKF TBWBH-NB[
LXF`hRUXH_S TA?R, X R?D?N_S ?H_B hR?D_ (TFLF]U ZN?XBLBH_ PRX?KY
TA?RU, HI H?RI` TBWBHY-NB[ HIA?MBHH_B) ZN?`?L[D HIRNBPD; D? BPDY, hR?D
P ZNIX?S PD?N?H_, ZN?SL[ PRX?KY PBS LXF`hRUXH_S TA?R, ?ZF\IBDP[ XHUK
P ABX?S PD?N?H_, I hR?D P ABX?S PD?N?H_ ?ZF\IBDP[ ?D TA?RI XHUK HI
ZNIX?S PD?N?HB, WLB ?H_B hR?D_ D[HFDP[ U RNBZ[DP[
*
. 3IPIDBAYH? EINPI-
hR?D?X PABLFBD KIEBDUDY, ]D? ?H_B Z?]DU HI XPB` <HWAUSPRU` X?BHH_`
PFLI` XEBPD? ?NLUHINH_` (X HIhBE gA?DB ZNBMLB FZ?DNBTA[BE_`) LBAI-
cDP[ LX?SH_EU, R?D?N_B ?PH?X_XIcDP[ PABLFc\UE ?TNIK?E: R?NBHH?S
R?HBf EINIPI-hR?DI HIRAIL_XIBDP[ ?W?H?E HI H?R HUMH[W? NB[, `?L?X?S
MB ULBD X TA?R, ZNURNBZABHH_S X hR?D?X?E FWAB EINPBA[, U X?KXNI\IBDP[
?D ?HIW? X hR?D-TA?R, HI H?R NB[ HIA?MBHH_S, ?D R?BW? ?T_RH?XBHH_E
?TNIK?E ULBD R PNBLUHB NB[, ZN?`?LUD PRX?KY TA?R, Z?L HUK?E NB[ ZNURNB-
ZABHH_S, U ?ZF\IBDP[ XHUK. &_W?LI PU` LX?SH_` hR?D?X BPDY DI, ]D? ?HU
LBAIcDP[ W?NIKL? D?HBB U P T?AYhUE FL?TPDX?E EBHYhUE ]UPA?E AcLBS
E?WFD T_DY HID[WUXIBE_, (]D? EH?W? PZ?P?TPDXFBD HIUZI]B X RNBZRUS XB-
DBN); ZNUD?E XBPYEI PR?N? U ABWR? E?MH? ?H_B NIKLBNWUXIDY (?PX?T?M-
LIDY). &ZN?]BE, BPAU ?H_B ZNULFD X `FL?PDY, D? XBPYEI FL?TH? U` E?MH?
ZBNBEBHUDY
**
UK ?T_RH?XBHH_` R?NITBAYH_` KIZIPH_` DN?P?X. &BPYEI
L?PDID?]H? UEBDY ?H_B HI 74-ZFhB]H?E R?NITAB HB T?ABB, RIR X 5 LcSE?X
X ]BD_NB PDNBHL_; UT? DIR?X_B DN?P_ LBAIcDP[ WAIMB U FL?THBB, E?WFD
`?LUDY X TA?RI`. -BFL?TPDX? LX?SH_` hR?D?X BPDY D?, ]D? E?MBD UH?WLI
KI\BEUDY ZINFP X hRUX UAU ZNU PR?N?S ?DLI]B hR?DI X? XNBE[

*
-I HBR?D?N_` <HWAUSPRU` R?NITA[` LA[ RNcSPBAY-hR?D?X HI H?RI` TBWBH-NB[
ZN?LIATAUXIcDP[ LUN_ U XPDIXA[cDP[ hRUX_, PRX?KY ?H_[ ULFD hR?D_, R?D?N_B
LBAIcDP[ L?X?AYH? D?HRU DIR, ]D? ZNU HID[WUXIHUU, ?DLI]B U NIKLBNWUXIHUU U`
HUEIA? HB KIDNFLH[cDP[;
**
"T_RH?XBHH_B hR?D_ T_XIcD D?A\UH?c XZ?A?XUHF D?A\UH_ PX?U` EINPI-NBBX,
U X KIZIP ?H_` HB ?DZFPRIcDP[, I ZNUhBLhUB X HBW?LH?PDY ZBNBEBH[cDP[ ZNU Z?N-
DB.
192
ABXBHDU`I (Z?A?PRIHU[) ZINFPI E?MBD ? EINP UAU mKBAYW?gD NIPR?A?DY
TA?R, X FWAB ZINFPI ZNURNBZABH_; H? PUU HBFL?TPDXI EIA?KHI]I\U ZN?DU-
XF PZ?P?T?X, X_hB Z?RIKIHH_` U HBPNIXHBHH_ P HBFL?TPDXIEU ?LUHIRU`
hR?D?X. :X?SH_B hR?D_ LBAIcDP[ F WN?D EINPBA[ (3) U F g?N-EINPBA[
(L), I F RNcSPBA[ (4) hR?D XPBWLI T_XIBD ?LUHIR?S.
3NcSPBAY-TFAUHY (g").
Mizen-top Bowline. Le perroquet de fougue bouline.
&BNBXRI, ULF\I[ ?D T?R?X_` AUR?X RNcSPBA[ (4), ?PH?-
X_XIBDP[, RIR U ZN?]UB TFAUHU, ULBD ?D PX?BW? hZNcSDI R KIL-
HBS WN?D?X?S-XIHDB X D?D LXF`hRUXH_S TA?R, F R?D?NIW? X ?LUH
hRUX ZN?`?LUD XBNBXRI, UEBHFBEI[ TBWBHY-TNIP, ZN?SL[ PRX?KY
?H_S ?ZFPRIBDP[ XHUK, WLB D[HBDP[ U RNBZUDP[ HI hRIHfI` (PE.
ZAIH <, Z?K. P").
/Ug-DIAU-hRBHDBAY (h").
Reef-tacle pendent. Pendeur des palans de ris.
&BNBXRI ZNU RNcSPBAB D?]H? DIRI[ MB, RIR X_hB Z?RIKI-
H? F ZN?]U` EINPBABS, UEBBD ?LUHIR?X?B P DBEU LBSPDXUB U D[-
HBDP[ DIRMB NUg-DIA[EU; P?TPDXBHH?B PX?B HIKXIHUB UEBBD
RNcSPBAY-NUg-DIAU.
3NcSPBAY-WUD?X_ (k"). Mizen-top-sail clue lines.
Cargue pointe du perroquet de fougue.
3NcSPBAY-W?NLBHU (l"). Mezen-topsail leech lines.
Cargue-fonds du perroquet de fougue.
&BNBXRU, R?UEU RNcSPBAY Z?LD[WUXIBDP[ UAU Z?LTUNIBD-
P[, ?H_[ D[HFDP[ U RNBZ[DP[ HI cDB (ZAIH <, Z?K. t"), ?PH?X_XI-
cDP[ MB X? XPBE Z?L?TH? WUD?XIE, W?NLBH[E F ZN?]U` EINPBABS.
3NcSP-PDBHWU-PDIRPBAY (N).
Mizen rop-mast stay sail. La voile d'etai de perroquet de fougue.
INFP (PE. ]BNDBM VIII, ZAIH_ + U D), HI`?L[\USP[ HIL
IZPBABE (+) EBMLF WN?D-EI]D?c U RNcSP PDBHW?c, Z?LHUEIBDP[
Z? RNcSP-PDBHW-hDIWF R D?ZF RNcSP-PDBHWU Z?E?\Uc gIAI; R
PX?BEF MB EBPDF ?TNIDH? ZNUD[WUXIBDP[ HUNIA?E. :A[ hR?D?X
PBW? PDIRPBA[ X? XNBE[ Z?`?LF ZNUX[K_XIcDP[ HI hRIHfI` P
?TBU` PD?N?H TA?RU, X R?D?N_B ?H_B hR?D_ ZN?`?L[D, D[HFDP[
HI hRIHfI` U RNBZ[DP[ X ?ZNBLBABHH?E LA[ HU` EBPDB.
^N?D-PDBHWU-PDIRPBAY ("). Main-top-mast stay-sail.
La grande voile d'etai de hune.
INFP, HI`?L[\USP[ EBMLF WN?D U g?R EI]D?c, XBN`HUS
FW?A ZBNBLH[W? AURI BW? ZNU`XID_XIBDP[ HIWAF`? R g?R-EI]DB, I
HUMHUS FW?A UEBBD WIAP; R?WLI PBS ZINFP Z?LH[D, D? ?H_S WIAP
HIPR?N? ZNU`XID_XIBDP[ HI TIRB F g?R-EI]D_. INFP PBS Z?LHU-
EIBDP[ gIA?E, ULBD Z? WN?D-A?PY-PDBHW-hDIWF
193
R D?ZF WN?D-PDBHWU, WLB Z? ?TB PD?N?H_ ?HIW? D?ZI ZNUTUXIcDP[
]UR-TA?RU
*
; X ?LUH UK hRUX?X PBW? TA?RI ZN?`?LUD WN?D-PDBHWU-
PDIRPBAY-gIA, ?D R?BW? ?ZFPRIBDP[ HI HUK, WLB D[HBDP[ U RNBZUD-
P[. &? XNBE[ Z?`?LF LA[ hR?D?X PBW? PDIRPBA[ ZNUX[K_XIcDP[ HI
hRIgFDI` TA?RU, X R?U ?H_B ZN?`?L[D, D[HFDP[ MB U RNBZ[DP[ HI
PU` MB hRIgFDI` X ?ZNBLBABHH?E EBPDB. q PBW? ZINFPI BPDY WU-
D?X_, R?UEU ?H_S Z?LD[WUXIBDP[, U HUNIA, R?UE ?H P?TUNIBDP[ R
PX?BEF HILABMI\BEF EBPDF.
4ULBAY-PDIRPBAY (/). Middle stay-sail.
Le petit voile d'etai de hune.
INFP, HI`?L[\USP[ EBMLF WN?D-PDBHW?c U g?N-PDBHW?c
HIL WN?D-PDBHWU-PDIRPBABE ("), Z?LHUEIBDP[ R D?ZF WN?D-PDBHWU
gIA?E, ZN?`?L[\UE X ]UR-TA?R, ZNUTUD_S R D?ZF ?H?S PDBHWU,
?DRFLI ?ZFPRIBDP[ HI HUK, WLB D[HBDP[ U RNBZUDP[. INFP PBS `?-
LUD Z? ABBNF, R?D?N_S ZNU`XID_XIBDP[ R g?N-PDBHWU PX?T?LH_E
PDN?Z?E (HBEH?W? X_hB g?R?XIW? mKBAYW?gDI), U ?D ?HIW? ULBD R
D?ZF WN?D-PDBHWU X LNFW?S hRUX ]UR-TA?RI (D?W? PIEIW?, F R?BW?
XXBN`HUS hRUX ZN?`?LUD gIA), ZN?SL[ PRX?KY ?H_S ?ZFPRIBDP[
XHUK HI ZIAFTF, WLB HID[WUXIBDP[ DIA[EU. :NFW?S MB R?HBf EU-
LBAY-PDIRPBAY ABBNI (R R?D?N?EF ZNUX[KIH XBN`HUS ZBNBLHUS
FW?A ZINFPI) ?RIH]UXIBDP[ F PIEIW? D?W? PDN?ZI, R?D?N?S ?TbBE-
ABD g?N-PDBHWF, ?DRFLI ZNU NIPZF\BHUU ZINFPI Z?LHUEIBDP[ Z?
PDBHWB XXBN` Z?E?\Uc XBNBXRU, UEBHFBE?S WIAP, R?D?N_S X?P-
`?LUD X TA?R, ZNUX[KIHH_S Z?L g?N-PIAUHW?E PKILU PDBHWU, U,
ZN?SL[ PRX?KY ?H_S, ?ZFPRIBDP[ HI g?N-EINP, WLB RNBZUDP[ U D[-
HBDP[ D?WLI, R?WLI HFMH? NIPZFPDUDY EULBAY-PDIRPBAY
**
; ZNU
FTUNIHUU MB PBW? ZINFPI ABBN, I P HUE

*
iUR-TA?RU HIK_XIcDP[ ZAIHRU P? hRUXIEU U hUZIEU R D?ZF PDBHWU, P RIMLIW?
T?RF Z?L TNIE-mKBAYW?gD?E ZNUTUD_[ MBABKH_EU HIWBA[EU, R?D?N_B ZNUHINIXAU-
XIcDP[ X hRUXH_[ LUN_ DIR, ]D? PAFMID ?PYc, UAU HIWBABE hRUXIE, R?U HI HU`
XBND[DP[. & ]UR-TA?RU F D?ZF WN?D-PDBHWU ZNUTUD_B ZN?`?L[D Z? ?LHF PD?N?HF WN?D-
PDBHWU PDIRPBAY-gIA, I Z? LNFWFc PD?N?HF EULBAY-PDIRPBAY-gIA U EULBAY-PDIRPBAY-
ABBN; I F D?ZI g?N-PDBHWU X ZNUTUD_B P RIML?S PD?N?H_ DIR?X_B MB TA?RU ZN?`?L[D
P ?LH?S PD?N?H_ RAUXBN-ABBN U RAUXBN-gIA, I P LNFW?S PD?N?H_ g?N-PDBHWU-
PDIRPBAY-ABBN U g?N-PDBHWU-PDIRPBAY gIA.
**
NU NIPZF\BHUU EULBAY-PDIRPBA[ PHI]IAI Z?LHUEIcD PDN?Z (R R?BEF ZNURNBZ-
ABH ABBN U XBN`HUS FW?A ZINFPI) XXBN` Z?L g?N-PIAUHW, Z?D?E X_D[WUXIcD ABBN,
ULF\US ?D D?ZF WN?D-PDBHWU XHUK; Z? PLBAIHUU PBW? D[HFD EULBAY-PDIRPBAY gIA U X
D? MB XNBE[ X_D[WUXIcD U RNBZ[D HI EINPB EULBAY-PDIRPBAY-WIAP, ULF\US ?D HUM-
HBW? FWAI PBW? ZINFPI. 1H_B LA[ PZ?P?TH?PDU LBAIcD DIR, ]D? ?D PDN?ZRU, R?D?NI[
Z?LH[DI XXBN`, ZFPRIcD LAUHH?S R?HBf, HI R?D?N?S HIHUKIH_ RNBHWBAYP_, ZNUhU-
D_[ R ZBNBLHBS PD?N?HB ZINFPI, U R?WLI ?H_S Z?LHUEBDP[ L? EBPDI, D? R?HBf PBS U
WIAP ZINFPI DFW? X_D[WUXIcD HI EINPB U ]NBK D? HB LIcD ZINFPF LIABR? ?D`?LUDY ?D
PDBHWU; ZNUD?E X? XNBE[ HIhBLhIW? XBDNF P PBc ?PH?X?c FL?THBB ZINFP FTUNIDY.
194
U ZINFP ?ZFPRIcDP[ HI g?N-EINPB, WLB U FTUNIcDP[; hR?D_ PBW?
ZINFPI ULFD HI HUK X LNFW?S hRUX D?W? TA?RI, X R?D?N?S ZN?`?-
L[D hR?D_ WN?D-PDBHWU-PDIRPBA[ ("). q EULBAY-PDIRPBA[ DIRMB
LBAIcD WUD?X_, R?UEU ?H_S Z?LD[WUXIBDP[, U HUNIA, R?UE ?H
P?TUNIBDP[ R PX?BEF EBPDF.
o?N-PDBHWU PDIRPBAY (Q).
Fore-top-mast stay-sail. Contre-foc.
jNB`FW?AYH_S ZINFP, HI`?L[\USP[ EBMLF TFhZNUD?E U
g?R-EI]D?c; ZBNBLHUS UK HUMHU` BW? FWA?X (D.B. WIAP?X?S) ZNU-
X[K_XIBDP[ F D?ZF TFhZNUDI, I X LNFW?S HUMHUS FW?A (hR?D?X?S
FW?A) XX[K_XIcDP[ hR?D_, R?D?N_B T_XIcD UH?WLI P WUHfIEU U
ULFD ?D FWAI ZINFPI P ?LH?S U P LNFW?S PD?N?H_ HI TIR, WLB ZNU
NIPZF\BHUU PBW? ZINFPI D[HFDP[ U RNBZ[DP[. o?N-PDBHWU-
PDIRPBAY NIPD[WUXIBDP[ (UAU `?LUD) Z? g?N-A?PY-PDBHW-hDIWF;
Z?LHUEIBDP[ Z?L PIAUHW g?N-PDIHWU gIA?E, ZN?`?L[\UE X hRUX
]UR-TA?RI, ZNUTUDIW? R D?ZF ?H?S PDBHWU, ?DRFLI ?H_S gIA
?ZFPRIBDP[ HI HUK, WLB U D[HBDP[; P?TUNIBDP[ MB PBS ZINFP R PX?-
BEF EBPDF HUNIA?E.
3AUXBN (R). Jib. Grand-foe.
&D?N?S DNB`FW?AYH?S ZINFP, HI`?L[\USP[ EBMLF TFh-
ZNUD?E U g?R-EI]D?c, PBS ZINFP `?LUD Z? FDABWINc; LA[ ?HIW?
ZNBMLB XPBW? DIRBAIMI HIRAIL_XIBDP[ HI FDABWINY MBABKH?B
R?AYf? P FDXBNMLBHH_E ZNU HBE WIR?E, UEBHFBE?B NIR-TFWBAY; R
?H?EF ZNUX[K_XIBDP[ XBNBXRI, R?D?NI[ ZN?`?LUD X hRUX, HI R?H-
fB FDABWIN[ XPDIXABHH_S, ?DRFLI ULBD HI TIR, WLB U D[HBDP[; Z?-
PNBLPDX?E PBW? NIR-TFWBAY Z?LHUEIBDP[ Z? FDABWBINc, (I ]NBK D?
U RAUXBN ZNUD[WUXIBDP[ R ?R?HB]H?PDU ?HIW?); XBNBXRI PU[ HIK_-
XIBDP[ RAUXBN-WIAP, UAU ?FDWIALBN, DI MB, R?D?N?c ?H_S TFWBAY
?TNIDH? R HUKF ZNUD[WUXIBDP[, UEBHFBDP[ UHWIALBN, UAU ?DD[MRI.
3 WIRF PBW? NIR-TFWBA[ ZNURNBZA[BDP[ ZBNBLHUS HUMHUS FW?A
RAUXBNI U ?LUH R?HBf BW? ABBNI, R?D?NIW? LNFW?S R?HBf ULBD X
LNFW?S hRUX-]UR-TA?RI, ZNUTUDIW? R D?ZF g?N-PDBHWU; ?DRFLI
?ZFPRIBDP[ HI TIR, WLB HID[WUXIBDP[ DIA[EU; Z? PBEF ABBNF NIP-
D[WUXIBDP[ (Z?LHUEIBDP[) RAUXBN Z?L g?N-PIAUHW gIA?E, UEB-
HFBE_E RAUXBN-gIA, ZN?`?L[\UE X hRUX ]UR-TA?RI, ZNUTUDIW?
R D?ZF g?N-PDBHWU P LNFW?S B[ PD?N?H_; ?DRFLI ?ZFPRIBDP[ HI
TIR, WLB D[HBDP[ U RNBZUDP[. & LNFW?S MB HUMHUS FW?A ZINFPI (D?
BPDY X KILHUS, UAU hR?D?X_S FW?A), XX[K_XIcDP[ hR?D_; HIK_-
XIBE_B RAUXBN-hR?D_, R?D?N_B T_XIcD P WUHfIEU U ULFD ?D FW-
AI ZINFPI P ?LH?S U P LNFW?S PD?N?H_ HI TIR, WLB D[HFDP[ U RNB-
Z[DP[. INFP PBS UEBBD WUD?X_, R?UEU ?H Z?LD[WUXIBDP[, PTUNI-
BDP[ MB R PX?BEF EBPDF XBNBXR?S, HIK_XIBE?S RAUXBN-HUNIA, WLB
U FTUNIBDP[ Z? FDABWINc.
195
NUEB]IHUB. -I EH?WU` X?BHH_` PFLI` RAUXBN?X LBAIcD LXI, ?LUH UK ?H_` T?AY-
h?S, I LNFW?S EIA_S; LA[ PBW? LXI NIR-TFWBA[ HI FDABWINY HIRAIL_XIcD, U
F RIMLIW? UK ?H_` LBAIBDP[ ?P?TBHH_S ABBN U gIA, R?D?N_B ?PH?X_XIcD-
P[ U LBSPDXUB UEBcD DIR?B MB, RIR X_hB Z?RIKIH?.
$UE ?RIH]UXIBDP[ Z?RIKIHUB PNBLHU` ZINFP?X, Z?PAB R?D?N_` PABLF-
cD T_DY Z?RIKIH_ XBN`HUB-ZINFPI, ZNUX[K_XBE_B R TNIE-NB[E U T?E-
TNIE-NB[E, Z?LHUEIBE_B HI TNIE U T?E-TNIE-PDBHWI`, NIXH? U LNFWUB
EBMLF UEU NIPZF\IBE_B.
%+)g35+ -#)/a#
INFP_ (PE. ]BNDBM VIII U ZAIH_ + U D), HI`?L[\UBP[
X_hB EINPBABS, HIK_XIcDP[ TNIEPBAU, ?HU gUWFN?c PX?Bc Z?-
L?TH_ ZBNX_E, H? D?AYR? X_P?DF U hUNUHF UEBcD W?NIKL? EB-
HBB ?H_`; TNIEPBAU ZNUX[K_XIcDP[ R TNIE-NB[E, NIPD[WUXIcDP[
hR?DIEU (UEBHFBE_EU TNIE-hR?D_), Z?LHUEIcDP[ XXBN` gIA?E
(HIK_XIBE_E TNIE-gIA) U Z?LTUNIcDP[ (UAU Z?LD[WUXIcDP[)
?LHUEU D?AYR? WUD?XIEU
*
.
NUEB]IHUB. NUHILABMI\U[ R PUE ZINFPIE PHIPDU ?PH?X_XIcDP[ Z?L?TH? RIR F
?LH?W?, DIR U F LNFWIW? TNIEPBA[; H? ZN?`?L[D XHUK U D[HFDP[ X NIKH_`
EBPDI` Z? PZ?P?TH?PDU; ?PH?XI TNIE-gIAI, R?D?N_E Z?LHUEIBDP[ TNIE-
NB[ XXBN`, Z?RIKIHI X_hB PBW?. >NIE-hR?D_ ULFD ?D HUMHU` FWA?X TNIE-
PBA[ X TA?RU, HI`?L[\UBP[ HI H?RI`-EINPI NB[, ?D R?D?N_` ZN?L?AMIcDP[
Z? EINPI-NBc L? BW? PBNBLUH_, WLB ZN?`?L[D X TA?RU, ZNUX[KIHH_B Z? DF U
LNFWFc PD?N?HF XHUKF EINPI-NB[, Z?LAB PIE_` LNISNBZ-TA?R?X, ?D R?U`
?ZFPRIcDP[ PRX?KY EINP HI HUK, WLB D[HFDP[ U RNBZ[DP[. "D DB` MB FWA?X
ZINFPI ZN?PDUNIcDP[ TNIE-WUD?X_ X TA?RU, ZNUX[KIHH_B Z? ?TB PD?N?H_
PNBLUH_ TNIE-NB[, U DIRMB PRX?KY EINP ?ZFPRIcDP[ XHUK. >NIEPBAU UEBcD
ZNU PBTB TFAUHU, R?U UEBHFcDP[ TNIE-TFAUHU; ZNUHILABMH?PDU U HIKXI-
HUB XB\BS ZNU PU` ZINFPI` PFDY PABLFc\U[.
^N?D-TNIEPBAY (S).
Main-top-gallant-sail. Le grand perroquet.
INFP, ZNUX[K_XIBE_S R WN?D-TNIE-NBc (3), Z?LHUEIBDP[
(UAU NIPD[WUXIBDP[) Z? WN?D-TNIE-PDBHWB (XXVIII) gIA?E, UEB-
HFBE_E WN?D-TNIE-gIA; WN?D-TNIEPBAY BPDY DNBDUS ZN[E?S ZINFP
HI WN?D-EI]DB; PHIPDU, ZNU ?H?E P?PD?[\UB, PFDY PABLFc\U[.
^N?D-TNIE-gIA (t).
The haliards of the main top gallant yards.
La drisse de grand perroquet.
"T ?H?E T_A? Z?RIKIH? X_hB.

*
4H?WUB HI`?L[D FL?TH?PDUc UEBDY ZNU TNIEPBA[` Z? ?LH?EF T_R-W?NLBHc; (R?-
D?N_E Z?LD[WUXIBDP[ PNBLUHI PBW? ZINFPI R TNIE-NBc) U LBAIDY F TNIEPBABS Z?
?LH?EF NUgF, ]D? PZ?P?TPDXFBD ZNU KINUgABHH_` (FEBHYhBHH_`) EINPBA[` HBPDU
(UAU UEBDY) KINUgABHH_B TNIEPBAU.
196
^N?D-TNIE-hR?D_ (m").
Main-top-gallant dheet. Ecoute du grand perroquet.
&BNBXRU, R?UEU ZNU NIPZF\BHUU TNIEPBA[ FWA_ BW? ZNU-
D[WUXIcDP[ R H?RIE-WN?D-EINPI-NB[.
^N?D-TNIE-WUD?X_ (n"). Main-top-gallant clue lines.
Cargue points du grand perroquet.
&BNBXRU, ULF\U[ ?D FWA?X TNIEPBA[ R PNBLUHB TNIE-NB[,
WLB ZN?`?L[D X? ZNUX[KIHH_B TA?]RU, ?D R?D?N_` ?ZFPRIcDP[ HI
HUK, D[HFDP[ U RNBZ[DP[ X ?ZNBLBABHH?E EBPDB; LBSPDXUBE ?H_`
FWA_ TNIEPBA[ Z?LD[WUXIcDP[ R PNBLUHB TNIE-NB[.
^N?D-TNIE-TFAUHU (?"). Main-top-gallant bowline.
Boulines du grand perroquet.
&BNBXRU, R?UEU X_D[WUXIcDP[ T?R?X_B AURU ZINFPI, ?P-
H?X_XIcDP[ U PAFMID ZNU TNIEPBAB X? XPBE ?LUHIR?X? P ZN?]U-
EU TFAUH[EU, X_hB PBW? Z?RIKIHH_EU. ^N?D-TNIE-TFAUHU ULFD
?D hZNcSDI
*
, ZNURNBZABHHIW? R T?R?X?EF AURF PBW? ZINFPI, ?D
R?BW? ZN?PDUNIcDP[ X TA?RU, ZNUX[KIHH_B R PIAUHWF g?N-
PDBHWU
**
, U ?ZFPRIcDP[ PRX?KY EINP HI HUK, WLB D[HFDP[ U RNBZ[D-
P[ X ?ZNBLBABHH?E EBPDB.
o?N-TNIEPBAY (j).
Fare-top-gallant sail. Le petit perroquet.
INFP, ZNUX[K_XIBE_S R g?N-TNIE-NBc, Z?LHUEIBDP[
(UAU NIPD[WUXIBDP[) Z? g?N-TNIE-PDBHWB (XXIX) gIA?E, UEBHFB-
E_E g?N-TNIE-gIA; g?N-TNIEPBAY BPDY DNBDUS ZN[E?S ZINFP HI
g?R-EI]DB. $HIPDU, ZNU ?H?E P?PD?[\U[, PFDY PABLFc\U[:
o?N-TNIE-gIA (r").
The haliards of the Fore-top-gallant yards.
La drisses du petit perroquet.
"T ?H?E T_A? Z?RIKIH? X_hB PBW? (PE?DNU: TNIE-gIA).
o?N-TNIE-hR?D_ (N").
Fore-top-gallant sheet. Ecoute du petit perroquet.
&BNBXRU, R?UEU ZNU NIPZF\BHUU TNIEPBA[ FWA_ BW? ZNU-
D[WUXIcDP[ R H?RIE g?N-EINPI-NB[.
o?N-TNIE-WUD?X_ (q"). Fore-top-gallant clue lines.
Cargue points du petit perroquet.
&BNBXRU, ULF\U[ ?D FWA?X TNIEPBA[ R PNBLUHB TNIE-NB[,
WLB ZN?`?L[D X ZNUX[KIHH_B TA?]RU, ?D R?D?N_` ?ZFPRIcDP[

*
>NIE TFAUHU R hZNcSDIE ZNURNBZA[cDP[ RHBXBHf?E LA[ Z?PZBhHBShIW? ?DX[K_-
XIHU[ ?H_` D?WLI, R?WLI ?ZFPRIcD TNIE-NBU.
**
-I UH_` PFLI` PUU TFAUHU ZN?`?L[D X hRUXH_[ LUN_, PLBAIHH_[ X KILHBS ]IPDU
g?N-PDBHW?X_` A?HW-PIAUHW?X, U ?D ?H_` ?ZFPRIcDP[ XHUK.
197
HI HUK, D[HFDP[ U RNBZ[DP[ HI TIRB; LBSPDXUBE ?H_` FWA_ g?N-
TNIEPBA[ Z?LD[WUXIcDP[ R PNBLUHB g?N-TNIE-NB[.
o?N-TNIE-TFAUHU (r").
For-top-gallant Bowline.
Bouline du petit perroquet.
&BNBXRU, R?UEU X_D[WUXIcDP[ T?R?X_B AURU ZINFPI, ?P-
H?X_XIcDP[ U PAFMID ZNU TNIEPBAB X? XPBE ?LUHIR?X? P ZN?]U-
EU TFAUH[EU, X_hB PBW? Z?RIKIHH_EU, g?N-TNIE-TFAUHU ULFD
?D hZNcSDI, ZNURNBZABHHIW? F T?R?XIW? AURI ZINFPI X hRUX_
ZAIH?R, ZNUTUD_` R R?HfF FDABWIN[
*
, U ZN?PDUNIcDP[ HI TIR, WLB
D[HFDP[ U RNBZ[DP[.
3NcSP-TNIEPBAY (U).
Mizen-top-gallnt sail.
La voile de la perruche d'artimon.
INFP, ZNUX[K_XIBE_S R RNcSP-TNIE-NBc, Z?LHUEIBDP[
(UAU NIPD[WUXBDP[) Z? RNcSP-TNIE-PDBHWB (XXX) gIA?E, UEB-
HFBE_E RNcSP-TNIE-gIA. 3NcSP-TNIEPBAY BPDY DNBDUS ZN[E?S
ZINFP HI TUKIHY-EI]DB, PHIPDU ZNU ?H?E P?PD?[\U[ PFDY PAB-
LFc\U[.
3NcSP-TNIE-gIA (y).
The haliards of the mizen-top-gallatn yards.
La drisses du perruche.
"T ?H?E T_A? Z?RIKIH? X_hB PBW? (PE?DNU TNIE-gIA).
3NcSP-TNIE-hR?D_ (s"). Mazen-top-gallant sheetn.
Ecoute du perruche.
&BNBXRU, R?UEU ZNU NIPZF\BHUU TNIEPBA[ FWA_ BW?
ZNUD[WUXIcDP[ R H?RIE RNcSP-EINPI-NB[.
3NcSP-TNIE-WUD?X_ (t").
Mizen-top-gallant clue lines.
Cargue points du perruche.
&BNBXRU, ULF\U[ ?D FWA?X TNIEPBA[ R PNBLUHB TNIE-NB[,
R?UEU PBS ZINFP Z?LTUNIBDP[, ?PH?X_XIcDP[, Z?L?TH? RIR U F
ZN?]U` TNIEPBABS, ?ZFPRIcDP[ HI HUK U D[HFDP[ HI cDB.
3NcSP-TNIE-TFAUHU (u").
Mizen-top-gallfnt Bowline.
Bouilnes du perruche.
&BNBXRU, R?UEU X_D[WUXIcDP[ T?R?X_B AURU ZINFPI, ?P-
H?X_XIcDP[ Z?L?TH? ZN?]UE TNIE-TFAUH[E, ULFD ?D hZNcSDI,
ZNURNBZABHHIW? F T?R?XIW? AURI ZINFPI X TA?]RU,

*
1H?WLI LA[ PBW? TFAUH[ ZNUX[K_XIcD HI R?HfB FDABWIN[ P RIML?S BW? PD?N?H_ Z?
?LH?EF TA?]RF.
198
ZNUX[KIHH_B R KILHUE WN?D-PDBHW-XIHDIE, U ?ZFPRIcDP[ HI WN?D-
EINPB, WLB D[HFDP[ U RNBZ[DP[.
3NcSP-TNIE-PDIRPBAY (W).
Mizen-top-gallant stay sail.
La voile d'etai de la perruche.
INFP, HI`?L[\USP[ EBMLF WN?D-PDBHW?c U RNcSP-TNIE-
PDBHW?c, Z?LHUEIBDP[ gIA?E (UEBHFBE_E RNcSP-TNIE-PDIR-
PBAY-gIA), ZN?`?L[\UE X? TA?R, Z?L RNcP-TNIE-DIRBAIMBE ZNU-
X[KIHH_S, ?DRFLI ?ZFPRIBDP[ XHUK, WLB U D[HBDP[.
NUEB]IHUB. 3NcSP-TNIE-PDIRPBAY `?LUD Z? ABBNF, R?D?N_S ?PH?X_XIBDP[ ZNU
WN?D-PDBHWB Z?L?TH?, RIR ABBN, F EULBAY-PDIRPBA[ ZNU g?N-PDBHWB ?PH?-
XIHH_S, ZN?`?LUD X TA?R, ZNUX[KIHH_S R D?ZF RNcSP-TNIE-PDBHWU, U
?ZFPRIBDP[ HI RNcSP-EINP, WLB U D[HBDP[; Z? WN?D-PDBHWB MB Z?LHUEIBDP[
HB T?ABB RIR L? Z?A?XUH_ B[; hR?D_ PBW? ZINFPI ?ZFPRIcDP[ XHUK X TA?RU
X? XNBE[ Z?`?LF Z? PD?N?HIE, HI hRIHfI` ZNUX[KIHH_B, WLB ?H_B D[HFDP[
U RNBZ[DP[.
$XBN` Z?RIKIHH_` ZINFP?X HIL TNIEPBA[EU Z?LHUEIcD-
P[ XXBN` B\B ZINFPI, UEBHFBE_B T?E-TNIEPBAU, R?D?N_B ZNUX[-
K_XIcDP[ R T?E-TNIE-NB[E; ?HU gUWFNF U ?PH?XIHUB UEBcD Z?-
L?TH? TNIEPBA[E, H? NIKEBNBHUBE PX?UE EBHBB ?H_`. >?E-
TNIEPBAU NIPD[WUXIcDP[ hR?DIEU, UEBHFBE_EU T?E-TNIE-
hR?D_, Z?LHUEIcDP[ XXBN` gIA?E (HIK_XBE_E T?E-TNIE-gIA),
Z?LTUNIcDP[ (UAU Z?LD[WUXIcDP[) WUD?XIEU U UEBcD ZNU PBTB
TFAUHU.
^N?D-T?E-TNIEPBAY (Z). Main-top-gallant royal sail.
Le grand perroquet volant.
o?N-T?E-TNIEPBAY (Z'). Fore-top gallant royal sail.
Le petie perroquet volant.
3NcSP-T?E-TNIEPBAY (Z"). Mizen top gallant roual sail.
Le perroquet volant.
$UU ZINFPI UEBcD gUWFNF, Z?L?THFc TNIEPBA[E, H?
NIKEBNBHUBE EBHBB ?H_`, ZNUX[K_XIcDP[ R T?E-TNIE-NB[E, Z?L-
HUEIcDP[ UAU NIPD[WUXIcDP[ Z? T?E-TNIE-PDBHWIE gIA?E, UEB-
HFBE_E T?E-TNIE-gIA; UEBcD ZNU PBTB hR?D_, WUD?X_ U TFAU-
HU
*
, R?D?N_B ZNU PU` ZINFPI` X? XPBE Z?L?TH? ?PH?X_XIcDP[,
RIR U ZNU TNIEPBA[`; H? ZN?`?L[D X PX?U ?ZNBLBABHH_[ EBPDI,
WLB D[HFDP[ U RNBZ[DP[.
NUEB]IHUB. >?E-TNIEPBAU FZ?DNBTA[cDP[ ZNU DU`?E XBDNB U Z?]UDIcDP[ PIE_EU
XBN`HUEU (ABDF]UEU) U ?R?H]IDBAYH_EU ZN[E_EU ZINFPIEU. -I HBR?D?-
N_` <HWAUSPRU` X?BHH_` PFLI` R PIE_E ?R?HB]H?PD[E

*
3IMLI[ UK PHIPDBS, HI`?L[\I[P[ ZNU T?E-TNIEPBA[`, UEBHFBDP[ P ZNUTIXABHUBE
UEBHU D?W? T?E-TNIEPBA[, ZNU R?BE ?HI[ HI`?LUDP[, RIR HIZNUEBN: WN?D-T?E-TNIE-
gIA, g?N-T?E-TNIE-hR?D_, RNcSP-T?E-TNIE-WUD?X_ U ZN?].
199
gAIW-hD?R?X Z?LHUEIcDP[ DNB`FW?AYH_B UAU ZN[E_B ZINFPI, UEBHFBE_B
(Sky-scrapers) HBTBPH_B PRN[TRU; UH_B HIK_XIcD U` PRNBS-KBBAU, I X HI-
hBE gA?DB UEBHFcDP[ ?H_[ DNcE-KBUAU (<"). -UMHUB FWA_ PU` ZINFP?X
ZNUD[WUXIcDP[ R H?RIE T?E-TNIE-NB[, I XBN`HUS FW?A R PIE?EF R?HfF
gAIWhD?RI; DIRUE ?TNIK?E ?RIH]UXIcDP[ ZN[E_B ZINFPI
*
, I P DBE XEBPDB
U XP[ X_P?DI R?NITBAYH?S ZINFPH?PDU. 4BMLF TNIE-PDBHWIEU U T?E-TNIE-
PDBHWIEU HI`?L[DP[ DIRMB PDIRPBAU, R?D?N_B PFDY PABLFc\UB.
^N?D-TNIE-PDIRPBAY (X).
Main-top-gallant stay-sail. La voile d'etai de grand perroquet.
INFP (PE. ]BNDBM IX), HI`?L[\USP[ EBMLF g?N-TNIE-
PDBHW?c, U WN?D-TNIE-PDBHW?c Z?LHUEIBDP[ Z? ABBNF, R?D?NIW?
?LUH R?HBf ZN?`?LUD X TA?R, ZNUX[KIHH_S Z?L WN?D-TNIE-
DIRBAIMBE, ?D R?BW? ?ZFPRIBDP[ PRX?KY WN?D-EINP HI HUK; LNFW?S
MB R?HBf PBW? ABBNI XX[KIHH_E X HBW? R?FhBE `?LUD Z? WN?D-
TNIE-hDIWF UAU Z? ?P?TBHH?EF PD?[]BEF ABBNF, ULF\BEF PKILU
g?N-TNIE-PDBHWU, U E?MBD T_DY Z?LH[D Z?L PIE_S D?Z ?H?S
TNIE-PDBHWU Z?PNBLPDX?E WIAPI R XBN`HBEF ZBNBLHBEF FWAF ZI-
NFPI, ZNURNBZABHHIW? U ZN?`?L[\I-W? X TA?]UR, Z?L TNIE-
DIRBAIMBE ZNUX[KIHH_S, ?D R?BW? ?ZFPRIBDP[ HI g?N-EINPB, WLB
D[HBDP[ U RNBZUDP[. oIA PBW? TNIE-PDIRPBA[ UEBHFBDP[ WN?D-
TNIE-PDIRPBAY-gIA; ?H_S ULBD X TA?R, ZNURNBZABHH_S Z?L WN?D-
TNIE-DIRBAIMBE; ?LUH R?HBf PBW? gIAI ZNUX[K_XIBDP[ R XBN`HB-
EF FWAF PDIRPBA[, I `?L?XI[ ]IPDY ULBD PRX?KY TA?R, ?ZFPRIBDP[
XHUK HI ZIAFTF, WLB U D[HBDP[. pR?D_ PBW? ZINFPI ULFD ?D hR?-
D?XI-W? BW? FWAI X TA?RU, ZNUX[KIHH_B HI hRIgFDB X D?E PIE?E
EBPDB, WLB ULFD hR?D_ EULBAY-PDIRPBA[. >NIE-PDIRPBAY P?TUNI-
BDP[ HUNIA?E U XEBPDB P ABBN?E ?ZF\IBDP[ XHUK R g?N-TNIE-
mKBAYW?gDF, WLB FTUNIBDP[ U RNBZUDP[.
^N?D-T?E-TNIE-PDIRPBAY (Z").
Main-top-gallant royal stay sail.
INFP, HI`?L[\USP[ EBMLF g?N-T?E-TNIE-PDBHW?c U
WN?D-T?E-TNIE-PDBHW?c, X? XPBE Z?L?TH_S WN?D-TNIE-PDIRPBAc,
H? W?NIKL? EBHBB BW?, Z?LHUEIBDP[ Z? g?N-T?E-TNIE-PDBHWB, NIP-
D[WUXIBDP[ Z? ABBNF U P?TUNIBDP[ HUNIA?E; gIA PBW? ZINFPI ULBD
?D XBN`H[W? FWAI BW? X TA?R, ZNUX[KIHH_S Z?L WN?D-T?E-TNIE-
DIRBAIMBE, ?DRFLI ?ZFPRIBDP[ HI HUK, WLB U D[HBDP[. pR?D_ BW?
?ZFPRIcDP[ HI HUK X TA?RU, HI

*
lI UPRAc]BHUBE XPB` ZN[E_` ZINFP?X BPDY PIE_S ?DLIABHH_S R R?NEB ZINFP,
UEBHFBE_S LNISXBN, XBN`HUS AUR BW? ZNUX[K_XIBDP[ R NBc, R?D?N_S Z?LHUEIBDP[
gIA?E, ZN?`?L[\UE X TA?RB, ZNURNBZABHH?E HI H?RB TIKUHY-NBc (UAU WIgBA[); I
HUMHUB FWA_ ZNUD[WUXIcDP[ hR?DIEU R LNFW?EF NBc, UEBHFBE?EF LNISXBN-PZUND,
R?D?N_S ABMUD HI WIRIT?NDB; LNISXBN Z?LHUEIBDP[ D?AYR? D?WLI, R?WLI R?NITAY
ULBD HI g?NLBXUHL, D? BPDY ZN[E? Z? XBDNF.
200
hRIgFDI` ZNURNBZABHH_B, WLB ?H_B D[HFDP[ U RNBZ[DP[. "PH?XI
PBW? ZINFPI ZNU T?E-TNIE-PDBHWI` X? XPBE Z?L?THI ?PH?XB WN?D-
TNIE-PDIRPBA[ (X) ZNU TNIE-PDBHWI`.
>?E-RAUXBN (Y).
Flying Jib. La petite foc.
$IE_S ZBNBLHUS DNB`FW?AYH_S ZINFP, HI`?L[\USP[ EB-
MLF ZN?L?AMBHUBE TFhZNUDI U g?R-EI]D?c X? XPBE Z?L?TH_S
RAUXBNF (R), H? W?NIKL? EBHBB BW?; ZINFP PBS Z?LHUEIBDP[ gIA?E
U `?LUD Z? T?E-FDABWINc (XVIII); LA[ ?HIW? ZNBMLB XPBW? DIRB-
AIMI HIRAIL_XIBDP[ HI T?E-FDABWINY MBABKH?B R?AYf? P FDXBN-
MLBHH_E ZNU HBE WIR?E, UEBHFBE?B NIR-TFWBAY, R R?D?N?EF
ZNURNBZA[BDP[ WIAP U ABBN PBW? ZINFPI X? XPBE Z?L?TH?, RIR F
RAUXBNI; WIAP ZN?`?LUD X hRUX, XPDIXABHH_S HI R?HfB T?E-
FDABWIN[, ?D R?BW? ZN?L?AMIBDP[ HI TIR, WLB D[HBDP[ U RNBZUDP[;
ABBN U gIA PBW? ZINFPI ULFD X TA?RU, ZNUX[KIHH_B Z? DF U LNF-
WFc PD?N?HF R D?ZF g?N-TNIE-PDBHWU Z?L TNIE-DIRBAIMBE, ?D
R?U` ?ZFPRIcDP[ XHUK HI ZIAFTF, WLB U D[HFDP[; T?E-RAUXBN-
hR?D_ LBAIcDP[ ?NLUHINH_B U D[HFDP[ HI TIRB. INFP PBS P?TU-
NIBDP[ R PX?BEF EBPDF HUNIA?E U FTUNIBDP[ ZNU T?E-FDABWINB.
NUEB]IHUB. $UE ?RIH]UXIcDP[ XPB R?P_B ZINFPI, NIPZFPRIBE_B EBMLF EI]DIEU,
PDBHWIEU, TNIE-PDBHWIEU U T?E-TNIE-PDBHWIEU; ?DH?PUDBAYH? MB ZN[E_`
ZINFP?X ?R?H]IHUB U` T_A? Z?RIKIH? X_hB PBW?, ]D? MB RIPIBDP[ L? NIP-
hUNBHU[ ZINFP?X, D? R HUMHBEF ZBNBLHBEF ZN[E?EF ZINFPF, DIRMB R
EINPBA[E U TNIEPBA[E ZNUPDIXA[cDP[ P ?TBU` PD?N?H B\B ZINFP_,
X??T\B HIK_XIBE_B AUPBAU; LA[ PBW?, X?-ZBNX_`, FXBAU]UXIcD LAUHF
HUMHU` NBBX, X_PDNBAUXI[ (X_LXUWI[) XL?AY U` AUPBAY-hZUND_, R?D?N_`
XHFDNBHHUB R?Hf_ ZNU`XID_XIcDP[ (ZNUX[K_XIcDP[) R HUMHBEF-NBc
hDBND?E (R?Hf?E XBNBXRU). $?TPDXBHH?B HIKXIHUB ?H_` ZINFP?X PFDY PAB-
LFc\BB.
qHLBN-AUPBAY (&').
The lower stud-ding sails.
Les Bonnettes basses.
INFP_ (PE. ]BNDBM IX, ZAIH F), ZNUPDIXA[BE_B P ?TBU`
PD?N?H F ZINFPI g?RI, ?HU ZNUX[K_XIcDP[ R PX?BEF NBc, RIR U
ZN?]UB ZINFPI
*
, Z?PNBLUHB R?BW? ZNURNBZA[BDP[ XBNBXRI, HIK_-
XIBEI[ FHLBN-AUPBAY-gIA; `?L?XI[ ]IPDY PBW? gIAI ZN?`?LUD X
TA?R, ?R?A? PNBLUH_ AUPBAY-hZUNDI, (H? HBEH?W? TAUMB R H?RF
g?RI-NB[) ZNUX[KIHH_S, ?D ?HIW? X?KX_hIBDP[ X TA?R, R mKBAY-
W?gDF ZNURNBZABHH_S, ?D R?BW? ?ZFPRIBDP[ XHUK, WLB U D[HBDP[.
?PNBLPDX?E PBW? gIAI

*
:IT_ AF]hB ZNUP?BLUHUDY FHLBN-AUPBAY R ZINFPF g?RF, D? ?H_S AUPBAY ZNUX[K_-
XIBDP[ R AUPBAY-NBc DIR, ]D? ?D XHFDNBHH[W? AURI LXI UAU DNU Z?A?DHI R NBc HB
ZNUX[K_XIcDP[, I HI]UHIcD ZINFP ZNUX[K_XIDY ?D ?H_` Z?A?DBH Z? XPBEF ZN?-
PDNIHPDXF NB[, ]D? [PH? UK?TNIMBH? HI ]BNDBMB IX Z?K. &.
201
FHLBN-AUPBAY Z?LHUEIBDP[ R PIE?EF AUPBAY-hZUNDF; RN?EB PBW?
ZNU PBE ZINFPB HI`?LUDP[ XHFDNBHHUS gIA, UAU ?DD[MRI, R?D?NI[
ULBD ?D XHFDNBHH[W? XBN`H[W? FWAI ZINFPI X TA?R, ZNUX[KIHH_S
Z?]DU HI ?LH?S ]BDXBNDU HUMH[W? NB[, ZN?L?AMIBDP[ Z? ?H?EF
L? PNBLUH_ BW?, WLB ZNUX[K_XIBDP[ LNFW?S TA?R, PRX?KY R?D?N_S
PBS XHFDNBHHUS gIA ZN?`?LUD U ?ZFPRIBDP[ ?D ?HIW? XHUK, WLB
P?WAIPH? P HIPD?[\UE gIA?E D[HBDP[ HI TIRB. -I EBPD? hR?D?X
?TI HUMHUB FWAI PBW? ZINFPI (X? XPc BW? hUNUHF) ZNUX[K_XIcD-
P[ R ?P?TBHH?EF NBSRF, ?D R?BW? ULBD XBNBXRI, HIK_XIBEI[ TF-
NFHLFR, R?D?N?S ZN?`?LUD X LNFW?S hRUX WIAP-RAIEZI (D?W? PI-
EIW?, WLB XXBN`HUS ULBD g?RI-hR?D); LA[ PBW? TFNFHLFRI ZNUX[-
K_XIBDP[ N?L hZNcSDIR?N?DRI[ XBNBXRI P TFWF]UE R?FhBE,
ZNURNBZABHHI[ R ?T?UE R?HfIE NB[; KI ?H_S R?Fh ZNURNBZA[BD-
P[ TFNFHLFR, LBSPDXUB R?D?NIW? ZNU Z?LH[DUU ZINFPI BPDY DIR?-
X?B MB, RIR hR?D?X F ZN?]U` ZINFP?X.
NUEB]IHUB. -I EH?WU` PFLI` LA[ FHLBN-AUPBA[ LBAIBDP[ ?P?TBHH_S ?D T?NDF X_-
PDNBA (PE. ]BNDBM X, gUW. 4), U X DIR?E PAF]IB HUMHUB FWA_ PBW? ZINFPI
ZNUD[WUXIcDP[ R PBEF X_PDNBAF ?D XHFDNBHH[W? HUMH[W? FWAI WIAP?E, I ?D
XHBhH[W? hR?D?E, ]D? XBPYEI EH?W? PZ?P?TPDXFBD RIR ZNU Z?LH[DUU, DIR
U X PZF\BHUU PBW? ZINFPI.
>?E-AUPBAU ($'), UAU EINPI-AUPBAU.
The top mast studding sail.
Bonnettes des huniers.
INFP_, ZNUPDIXA[BE_B P ?TBU` PD?N?H EINPBABS, ZNUX[-
K_XIcDP[ R T?E-AUPBAY-NB[E, DIR RIR U LNFWUB ZINFPI Z?LHUEI-
cDP[ XXBN` gIA?E, UEBHFBE_E T?E-AUPBAY-gIA, hRID?NUHI MB
PU` ZINFP?X NIPD[WUXIBDP[ Z? AUPBAY-hZUNDF, R?D?N_S X_PDNB-
AUXIBDP[ ?D ?R?HB]H?PDU g?RI U WN?DI-NB[ PRX?KY hZUND-TFWBAY.
>?E-AUPBAY-gIA ZNUX[K_XIBDP[ R T?E-AUPBAY-NBc U ?D ?HIW?
ULBD PRX?KY TA?R, ?TA?MBHH_S X PDN?ZB P R?FhBE, R?D?N_E HI-
LBXIBDP[ HI ?TF`, X ?R?HB]H?PDU EINPI-NB[ FDXBNMLBHH_S; ?D
?HIW? X?KX_hIBDP[ X TA?R, ZNUX[KIHH_S R D?ZF-PDBHWU Z?L TNIE-
mKBAYW?gD?E, ZN?SL[ PRX?KY ?H_S ?ZF\IBDP[ XHUK, WLB U D[HBDP[.
&HBhHUS HUMHUS FW?A PBW? ZINFPI ZNUD[WUXIBDP[ R H?RF AUPBAY-
hZUNDI hR?D?E, UEBHFBE_E T?E-AUPBAY-hR?D, R?D?N_S ULBD ?D
FWAI ZINFPI, X hRUX XPDIXABHH_S, HI R?HfB AUPBAY-hZUNDI ZN?-
X?LUDP[ Z? NBc HI EINP, WLB U D[HBDP[; R? XHFDNBHHBEF MB HUM-
HBEF FWAF ZINFPI ZNURNBZA[BDP[ WIAP, UEBHFBE_S T?E-AUPBAY-
WIAP, R?D?N_S KIRNBZA[BDP[ KI FW?A ZINFPI TF`D?c; ?LUH R?HBf
BW? ULBD XZBNBL, I LNFW?S PKILU HUMH[W? NB[. "H_S PAFMUD LA[
HID[WUXIHU[ U FTUNIHU[ T?E-AUPBA[.
NUEB]IHUB. -I HBR?D?N_` <HWAUSPRU` PFLI` LBAIcD F PBW? ZINFPI HUNIA, R?D?N_S
ZN?LBXIBDP[ PRX?KY TA?R, ZNUX[KIHH_S R? XHBhHBEF hR?D?X?EF FWAF ZI-
NFPI U PRX?KY R?Fh HI XHBhHBE-AURB; ZN?SL[ PRX?KY ?H_B,
202
ZNURNBZA[BDP[ R T?E-AUPBAY-NBc F PIEIW? H?R-TBHKBAYH?W? AcXBNPI; `?-
L?X?S R?HBf ?ZFPRIBDP[ HI HUK, WLB ZNU X_D[WUXIHUU BW? T?E-AUPBAY Z?L-
D[WUXIBDP[.
>NIE-AUPBAU (D').
The top gallant studding sails.
Bonnetes des perroquets.
INFP_, Z?L?TH_B T?E-AUPBA[E ($'), ZNUPDIXA[BE_[ R
TNIEPBA[E, ?HU ZNUX[K_XIcDP[ R TNIE-AUPBAY-NB[E U Z?LHUEI-
cDP[ XXBN` R H?RIE-TNIE-NBBX gIA?E, UEBHFBE_E TNIE-AUPBAY-
gIA, R?D?N_S ZN?`?LUD PRX?KY TA?R, ZNUX[KIHH_S F TNIE-D?ZI
UAU X_hB TNIE-DIRBAIMI, Z?D?E X TA?R HI ?R?HB]H?PDU TNIE-
NB[, X ?TF` KIA?MBHH_S
*
(Z?L?TH? RIR U F EINPI-NBBX); R?NBHHI[
]IPDY PBW? gIAI RNBZUDP[ KI TNIE-AUPBAY-NBU, I `?L?XI[ ULBD HI
EINP, WLB D[HBDP[ U RNBZUDP[. -UMHUB FWA_ PU` ZINFP?X ZNUD[-
WUXIcDP[ hR?DIEU U WIAPIEU, Z?L?TH? RIR U F T?E-AUPBABS R
HIN?]H? X_PDNBABHH_E (X_LXUHFD_E) LA[ PBW? ?D ?R?HB]H?PDBS
EINPI-NBBX, EINP?-X_E-AUPBAY-hZUNDIE UAU T?E-AUPBAY-
hZUNDIE, ?D R?D?N_` ZN?PDUNIcDP[ HI EINP, WLB X? XNBE[ Z?-
PDIH?XABHU[ PU` ZINFP?X D[HFDP[.
^IAg-D?ZPBAY (+'). Saf Top-sail.
jNB`FW?AYH_S ZINFP Z?LHUEIBE_S PXBN`F R?HDNI-TUKIHU
(D) R D?ZF RNcSP-TNIE-PDBHWU (XXX) gIA?E, UEBHFBE_E WIAg-
D?ZPBAY-gIA; R?NBHH?S R?HBf BW? ZNUX[K_XIBDP[ R XBN`HBEF FW-
AF PBW? ZINFPI
**
, I `?L?XI[ ]IPDY ULBD X TA?R, Z?L TNIE-
DIRBAIMBE ZNUX[KIHH_S, ?D R?BW? ?ZFPRIBDP[ XHUK, WLB U D[HBD-
P[. pR?D PBW? ZINFPI ULBD ?D KILH[W? FWAI ZINFPI X TA?R, ZNUX[-
KIHH_S R H?RF WIgBA[ (15), I WIAP BW?, ULF\US ?D ZBNBLH[W? FWAI,
ULBD X TA?R, ZNUX[KIHH_S F AIZ-WIgBA[; D?D U LNFW?S ZN?PDUNI-
cDP[ HI RNcSP-EINP (IX), WLB U D[HFDP[. BNBLHUS-AUR WIAg-
D?ZPBA[ `?LUD Z? ABBNF, R?D?N_S ?D RNcSP-TNIE-DIRBAIMI, UAU
?D PIAUHWI, ?ZFhIBDP[ HI EINP, WLB TFLF]U X_D[HFD RNBZUDP[.
/UHWDBSAY-KBUAY (F'), UAU WUR-AUPBAY.
Ringtail-sail.
iBD_NB`FW?AYH_S ZINFP HIZ?L?TUB AUPBA[, HI`?L[\USP[
Z?KILU KILH[W? AcRI F R?HDNI-TUKIHU (D), (R?D?N?EF ZBNBLHUS
AUR PBW? ZINFPI LBAIBDP[ P??DXBDPDXBHH_E); BW? ZNUX[K_XIcD R
HBT?AYh?EF NBSRF U Z?LHUEIcD gIA?E, R?D?-

*
3?WLI HIL?TH? Z?LHUEIDY TNIE-AUPBAY, D? D?WLI KIRAIL_XIBDP[ KI ?TF` XTUD_S X
R?HfB TNIE-NB[ TA?R P WIR?E, R?D?N_S X? XNBE[ FTUNIHU[ PBW? ZINFPI PHUEIBDP[ U
FTUNIBDP[ HI EINPB.
**
^IAg-D?ZPBAU HI UH_` PFLI` LBAIcDP[ HBZNIXUAYH?S DNIZBfUBS, U R DIR?X_E
ZNUX[K_XIBDP[ XXBN`F NBBR; I UH?WLI LBAIcD HBT?AYh?S WIgBABR, R?D?N_S `?LUD Z?
RNcSP-PDBHWB.
203
NIW? R?NBHHI[ ]IPDY ZNUX[K_XIBDP[ R ?H?EF NBSRF; I `?L?XI[
ZN?`?LUD X TA?R, HI H?R WIgBA[ ZNURNBZABHHI[, ?D R?BW? ?ZFPRI-
BDP[ HI cD, WLB U D[HBDP[. -UMHUB FWA_ PBW? ZINFPI NIPD[WUXI-
cDP[ hR?D?E U WIAP?E, ZBNX_S UK ?H_` ZN?PDUNIBDP[ ?D KILH[W?
FWAI ZINFPI U ZN?`?LUD X hRUX, XPDIXABHH_S HI R?HfB AUPBAY-
hZUNDI, UAU X_PDNBAI, ?D WURI PRX?KY TFWBAY X_LXUHFDIW?
*
, I
XD?N?S ULBD ?D ZBNBLH[W? FWAI PBW? ZINFPI Z? WURF U HI HBE KI
ZAIHRF RNBZUDP[.
&IDBN-KBUAY (S'). Water-sail.
iBD_NBFW?AYH_S ZINFP, HI`?L[\USP[ ZNU R?HDNI-TUKIHB
XHUKF WURI; LAUHI BW? ?D Z?A?XUH_ L? DNB` ]BDXBNDBS WURI, I
hUNUHI X 4 U 5 Z?A?DHU\; ?H_S ZNUD[WUXIBDP[ gIA?E R R?HfF
hZUNDI, X_PDNBABHHIW? ?D WURI; U PAFMUD HIZ?L?TUB FHLBN-
AUPBA[. -UMHUB FWA_ BW? NIPD[WUXIcDP[ Z? ?P?TBHH?EF NBSRF,
R?D?N_S ZNURNBZABHH?S R HBEF ?DD[MR?S D[HBDP[, ]D? U PAFMUD
ZNU ?H?E HI EBPD? hR?D?X.
NUEB]IHUB. "TI X_hB Z?RIKIHH_B ZINFPI FZ?DNBTA[cDP[ D?AYR? HI R?NXBDI`,
TNUWI`
**
U ZN?]U` EIA_` PFLI` X PIE_B ABWRUB U TAIW?ZNU[DH_B XBDN_.
$UE ?RIH]UXIBDP[ X_P?DI U ?ThUNH?PDY XPBS R?NITBAY-
H?S ZINFPH?PDU; ?DH?PUDBAYH? MB NIKEBNF ZINFP?X ZNUAIWIBDP[
KLBPY DITAUfI, FZ?DNBTA[BEI[ X <HWAUSPR?E X?BHH?E gA?DB.

jIRUE ?TNIK?E, HI X?BHH?E R?NITAB NIPZFPRIBE_` ZINF-
P?X T_XIBD L? P?N?RI; LA[ 74-ZFhB]HIW? R?NITA[ Z?DNBTH? HI
XPB ?H_B ZINFPI L? 13000 INhUH ZINFPUH_; PXBN` D?W? HI RIM-
L?E R?NITAB WAIXH_B ZINFPI T_XIcD KIZIPH_B, RIR-D?: g?R, WN?D
U EINPBAU. jIRMB ?DZFPRIBDP[ X KIZIP ZINFPUHI, HBR?D?N_S DI-
RBAIM U X??T\B XPB EIDBNUIA_, FZ?DNBTA[BE_B HI R?NITAB
PD?AYR?, PR?AYR? HB?T`?LUE? HFMH? HI PAF]IU.
?RIKIX XPB ZNUHILABMH?PDU R X??NFMBHUc R?NITA[,
L?AMH? KIEBDUDY, ]D? R?NITAU, gNBWID_ U XPB DNB`EI]D?X_B PFLI
X??NFMIcDP[ EBMLF P?T?c Z?L?TH?, HIUEBH?XIHUB X? XPBE
UEBcD D? MB, H? NIKEBNBHUB XB\IE LBAIBDP[ ZN?Z?NfU?HIAYH?B
XBAU]UHB RIMLIW? PFLHI. &??NFMBHUB LNFWU` E?NB`?LH_` PFL?X
BPDY NIKH??TNIKH?B, ?H?B Z?RIKIH? X ?Z_DB E?NPR?S ZNIRDURU
(PE. ]IPDY 1, WAIXF VII, 187); XZN?]BE, P?PDIXABHUB PHIPDBS,
LBAIHUB DIRBAIMI U RIMLI[

*
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233

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