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Морской институт
Кафедра «Судовождение и безопасность судоходства»
26.05.05 Судовождение
Судовождение на морских путях
КУРСОВОЙ ПРОЕКТ
по дисциплине
Математические методы в судовождении
на тему: «Использование математических методов в судовождении при обеспечении морского
перехода по маршруту Dutch Harbour – Dixom Entrance»
Выполнил: обучающийся
группыС/с–15-2-о
Научный руководитель:
С.А. Подпорин
«____»__________________ 2019 г
Оценка:_____________________________
«____»__________________ 2019 г
Севастополь
2019
2
Морской институт
26.05.05 Судовождение
ЗАДАНИЕ
НА КУРСОВОЙ ПРОЕКТ
КАЛЕНДАРНЫЙ ПЛАН
«20» сентября2019 г.
4
Оглавление
1. РАСЧЕТ ТРАНСОКЕАНСКОГО ПЕРЕХОДА СУДНА ...................................... 5
1.1 Постановка задачи ..................................................................................................... 5
1.2 Краткое описание района плавания......................................................................... 5
1.3 Расчет локсодромии методом меридиональных частей ........................................ 6
1.4 Расчет длины ортодромии ........................................................................................ 7
1.5 Сравнение длины локсодромии и ортодромии ...................................................... 7
1.6 Вычисление начального ортодромического курса ................................................ 7
1.7 Вычисление конечного ортодромического курса .................................................. 6
1.8 Разбиение ортодромии на отрезки........................................................................... 7
1.9 Расчет координат путевых точек ............................................................................. 7
1.10 Расчет хорд ДБК ...................................................................................................... 9
1.11 Составление плана перехода ................................................................................ 13
1.12 Проверка расчетов в программе SkyMate Pro 2012 ........................................... 14
1.14 Прокладка маршрута в программе OpenCPN ..................................................... 16
2.РАСЧЕТ АЗИМУТОВ НЕБЕСНЫХ СВЕТИЛ........................................................ 17
I. COMPASS ERROR BY OBSERVATION OF A STAR ........................................... 17
II. COMPASS ERROR BY OBSERVATION OF A VENUS ....................................... 22
III. COMPASS ERROR BY OBSERVATION OF SUN AT SUNSET ........................ 27
Список использованной литературы ........................................................................... 30
5
cos 𝑆 = sin𝜑A ∙ sin𝜑B + cos𝜑A ∙ cos𝜑B ∙ cos ∆λ = sin 53.56° ∙ sin 54.30° + cos 56.56°∙
cos 54.30° ∙ cos 33.59° = 0,949
Откуда :
КН = N73,87°E =73,87°.
λС = λA + 𝑑λ =166°29´W-5°=161°25´W
11
λ𝑊𝑃𝑖 = λA + (𝑖 ∗ 𝑑λ),
54°31´+ 53°56´
𝑑λ ∗ cos ϕcp1 5° ∗ cos( )
2
𝐿𝐶11/4 = 𝑎𝑡𝑎𝑛 = 𝑎𝑡𝑎𝑛 = 73,87°
∆ ϕ1 54°31´ − 53°36´
ϕ𝑖 − ϕ𝑖−1
𝐿𝑆𝑖 = 𝐴𝐵𝑆 ( ) ∗ 60;
𝑐𝑜𝑠𝐿𝐶𝑖1/4
TASK22
Celestial Body Capella Sun Sun @ sunrise
Location Red Sea (Port Sudan) Approach to Lima (Peru) Central Atlantic
Position (φ/λ) 19°40´ N 38°12´ E 12°08´ S 78°27´ W 40°10´ N 30°20´W
Date/UT Dec 01, 2019 20:20:00 Nov 23, 2019 9:43:00 Dec 04, 2019
Step 3
Draw the celestial sphere for the task:
Step 4
Solve the celestial triangle PZX to find Azimuth of the Celestial Body using cotan-
gent formula:
cot(𝐴) ∙ sin(360 − 𝑡) = cot(90° − 𝛿) ∙ sin(90° − 𝜑) − cos(360 − 𝑡) ∙ cos(90° − 𝜑)
sin(360 − 𝑡)
tan(𝐴) = sin(90−𝜑
− cos(90 − 𝜑) ∗ cos(360 − 𝑡)
tan(90°−𝛿)
𝑠𝑖𝑛(25.97)
𝑡𝑎𝑛(𝐴) = 𝑠𝑖𝑛 70.6 =
−𝑐𝑜𝑠 70.6∗𝑐𝑜𝑠 25.97
𝑡𝑎𝑛43.99
= atan(0645) = 32.38°
𝐴 = 32.38°
Step 5
Use Norie's ABC tables to find Azimuth of the Celestial Body
Use Latitude and LHA to find A-value from A-table:
A = -0.3552(named opposite to Latitude unless LHA is within
90° to 270°)
Use Declination and LHA to find B-value from B-table:
B = 0,2372 (named the same as Declination)
Find C as algebraic sum of A and B:
C = -0.1176
Enter C-table with C-value to find Azimuth
Az = N 32.3° E in quadrantal notation
Az = 32.3° in circular notation
Quadrant is named as C ("+" means "N", "-" means "S") and LHA ("E" if the body
is rising, "W" if the body is setting).
20
Step 6
Use SkyMate Pro software to check yourself:
Step 7
Find compass error Δ and deviation of the magnetic compass δmc:
Δ = Az - BRN = 7° = 7° W
δmc = Δ - Var = 10° = 10° W
22
Problem to be solved
On Aug 04, 2019 at 07:43 UT Ship at a Drake Passage and Jupiter was observed to
have bearing 230°. Ship's position as determined by GPS was 55°55'S; 65°40'W. Find the
compass error and deviation. Magnetic variation is 11.5°E.
SOLUTION
Step 1. GIVEN DATA
Sun φ 12°08'S Day: 23 Nov., 2019 Var: 0.2°E
λ 078°27'W UT: 09:43:00 BRN: 160°
Step 2
Using the nautical almanac for the year 2019 and correct time and date, find the
Local Hour Angle (LHA) and Declination (Dec) of Jupiter as follows:
𝐺𝐻𝐴𝐽𝑢𝑝𝑖𝑡𝑒𝑟 at 09:43 = 318°:26.2´ 𝐷𝑒𝑐𝑆𝑢𝑛 = 20°:18.4´S
Increment for 43m00s = 10°:45.0´
𝐺𝐻𝐴𝐽𝑢𝑝𝑖𝑡𝑒𝑟 = 329°:11.2´
λ (W) = 78°:27.0´
𝐿𝐻𝐴𝐽𝑢𝑝𝑖𝑡𝑒𝑟 = 250°:44.2´
23
Step 3
Draw the celestial sphere for the task:
Step 4
Solve the celestial triangle P`ZX to find Azimuth of the Celestial Body using co-
tangent formula:
cot(𝐴 − 180) ∙ sin( 𝑡) = cot(90° − 𝛿) ∙ sin(90 − 𝜑) − cos( 𝑡) ∙ cos(90° − 𝜑)
sin(𝑡)
tan(𝐴 − 180) = sin(90−𝜑
− cos(90 − 𝜑) ∗ cos(𝑡)
tan(90°−𝛿)
𝑠𝑖𝑛(250.44)
𝑡𝑎𝑛(𝐴 − 180) = 𝑠𝑖𝑛 77.92
− 𝑐𝑜𝑠 250.44 ∗ 𝑐𝑜𝑠 77.92
𝑡𝑎𝑛69.82
Atan (1.4805) = 77
180 −77° = 103
A = 103°
Step 5
Use Norie's ABC tables to find Azimuth of the Celestial Body
Use Latitude and LHA to find A-value from A-table:
A = - 0,54 (named opposite to Latitude unless LHA is within 90° to 270°)
Use Declination and LHA to find B-value from B-table:
B = -0,43 (named the same as Declination)
Find C as algebraic sum of A and B:
C = - 0,97
Enter C-table with C-value to find Azimuth
Az = S74.5°E in quadrantal notation
Az = 105.5° in circular notation
Quadrant is named as C ("+" means "N", "-" means "S") and LHA ("E" if the body
is rising, "W" if the body is setting).
25
Step 6
Use SkyMate Pro software to check yourself:
Step 7
Find compass error Δ and deviation of the magnetic compass δmc:
Δ = Az - BRN = 1.2 = 1.2° E
δmc = Δ - Var = 1.8 = 1.8° W
27
Problem to be solved
On Dec. 04, 2019 in the Central Atlantic sunrise was observed at bearing 129°. The
position obtained by GPS was N 40°10'; E 030°20'. Find the compass error and deviation
of the magnetic compass. Magnetic variation is 11°W.
SOLUTION
Step 1. GIVEN DATA
Sun at sunset φ 40°10'N Day: 04 Dec, 2019 Var: 11°W
λ 030°20'W BRN: 129°
Step 2
Using the nautical almanac for the year 2019 and correct date, find the Local Mean
Time (LMT) of sunset and its UT:
𝐿𝑀𝑇𝑠𝑢𝑛𝑠𝑒𝑡 = 07:05:00
λ (east) = 030°20´ W
λ in hour notation = 2:00:00 W
𝑈𝑇𝑠𝑢𝑛𝑠𝑒𝑡 = 09:05:00
Step 3
Use the nautical almanac for the correct date and UT to find the declination of Sun:
𝐷𝑒𝑐𝑆𝑢𝑛 = 22°:20.0´ N
Step 4
Use the trigonometric formula to find the Amplitude of Sun and its Azimuth:
sin 𝐷𝐸𝐶
sin 𝐴𝑚𝑝 =
cos 𝐿𝐴𝑇
sin 𝐷𝐸𝐶 =0,3975 cos 𝐿𝐴𝑇 =0,733 sin 𝐴𝑚𝑝 =0.43717
𝐴𝑚𝑝 =49.9°
28
Step 5
Use Bowditch table № 22 to find Amplitude of the Sun at sunset:
Step 6
Find compass error Δ and deviation of the magnetic compass δmc:
Δ = Az - BRN = 1.1 = 1.1° E
δmc = Δ - Var = 12.1 = 12.1° W
Step 7
Draw the celestial sphere for amplitude task:
29