WE?F?

GLU ;MJBEVGUO DHEHGG >EY

JHLHJGH=H ;MJ?GBY. L?OGBQ?KDB?
MKEH<BY
L?OGBQ?KDB? MKEH<BY API SPEC 7
LJB>P:LV >?<YLH? BA>:GB?, >?D:;JV 1997
>:L: <KLMIE?GBY < >?CKL<B?: 1 BXGY 1998
API SPEC 7-97
American Petroleum Institute
1220 L Street, Northwest
Washington, DC 20005
WE?F?GLU ;MJBEVGUO DHEHGG >EY
JHLHJGH=H ;MJ?GBY.
L?OGBQ?KDB? MKEH<BY.
SPECIFICATION FOR ROTARY DRILL STEM
ELEMENTS
Hl^_e bkke_^h\Zgbc b ijhba\h^kl\Z
L?OGBQ?KDB? MKEH<BY API SPEC 7
LJB>P:LV >?<YLH? BA>:GB?, >?D:;JV 1997
>:L: <KLMIE?GBY < >?CKL<B?: 1 BXGY 1998
American Petroleum Institute
1220 L Street, Northwest
Washington, DC 20005
API SPEC 7:1997
ii
KI?PB:EVGU? IJBF?Q:GBY
Im[ebdZpbb API g_ba[_`gh jZkkfZljb\Zxl ijh[e_fu h[s_]h
oZjZdl_jZ. Qlh dZkZ_lky hkh[uo h[klhyl_evkl\, lh ^he`gu mqblu\Zlvky
aZdhgu b ihklZgh\e_gby, ^_ckl\mxsb_ \ ^Zgghf jZchg_, rlZl_ b \
fZkrlZ[_ ]hkm^Zjkl\Z.
API g_ \haeZ]Z_l gZ k_[y h[yaZgghklb jZ[hlh^Zl_e_c,
ijhba\h^bl_e_c beb ihklZ\sbdh\ ih ih^]hlh\d_ i_jkhgZeZ,
ih^\_j]Zxs_]hky hiZkguf ^ey `bagb b a^hjh\vy \ha^_ckl\byf, k lhqdb
aj_gby ijhnbeZdlbq_kdbo ij_^mij_^bl_evguo f_j, h[mq_gby b
wdbibjh\db, Z lZd`_ bo h[yaZgghklb i_j_^, dZd n_^_jZevgufb aZdhgZfb,
lZd b aZdhgZfb, ^_ckl\mxsbfb \ ^Zgghf rlZl_ beb jZchg_.
BgnhjfZpby, hlghkysZyky d [_ahiZkghklb, jbkdm ^ey a^hjh\vy b
ijZ\bevguf f_jZf ij_^hklhjh`ghklb \ hlghr_gbb hkh[uo fZl_jbZeh\
b mkeh\bc, ^he`gZ [ulv ihemq_gZ hl jZ[hlh^Zl_ey, ijhba\h^bl_ey beb
ihklZ\sbdZ wlh]h fZl_jbZeZ beb ba bgnhjfZpbhggh]h ^hdmf_glZ ih
[_ahiZkghklb jZ[hlu k wlbf fZl_jbZehf.
Gbqlh, kh^_j`Zs__ky \ dZdhc-eb[h ba im[ebdZpbc API, g_ ^he`gh
bklhedh\u\Zlvky, dZd ]ZjZglby dZdh]h eb[h ijZ\Z, dhk\_ggh beb bguf
h[jZahf, gZ ijhba\h^kl\h, ijh^Z`m beb bkihevah\Zgb_ dZdh]h eb[h
kihkh[Z, ZiiZjZlmju beb ijh^mdpbb, g_ aZsbs_gguo iZl_glguf
^hdmf_glhf. Gbqlh, kh^_j`Zs__ky \ dZdhc eb[h im[ebdZpbb, g_ ^he`gh
bklhedh\u\Zlvky, dZd ]ZjZglby ih ba[Z\e_gbx dh]h-eb[h hl
hl\_lkl\_gghklb aZ gZjmr_gb_ iZl_glguo ijZ\.
DZd ijZ\beh, klZg^Zjlu API ih djZcg_c f_j_ dZ`^u_ iylv e_l
i_j_kfZljb\Zxlky beb baf_gyxlky, \gh\v ih^l\_j`^Zxlky beb
hlf_gyxlky. Bgh]^Z wlhl pbde i_j_kfhljZ m\_ebqb\Z_lky h^ghjZah\uf
ijh^e_gb_f gZ ^\Z ]h^Z. WlZ ki_pbnbdZpby [m^_l bf_lv kbem
^_ckl\mxs_]h ^hdmf_glZ API \ l_q_gbb g_ [he__ iylb e_l kh ^gy
API SPEC 7:1997
iii
him[ebdh\Zgby beb \ kemqZ_ ijbgylby j_r_gby h ijh^e_gbb _]h
^_ckl\by ihke_ ih\lhjgh]h him[ebdh\Zgby. H klZlmk_ im[ebdZpbb
fh`gh magZlv \ Z^fbgbkljZlb\ghf hl^_e_ API |l_e. (202) 682 8000|.
DZlZeh] im[ebdZpbc b fZl_jbZeh\ API im[ebdm_lky _`_]h^gh b
h[gh\ey_lky API _`_d\ZjlZevgh (1220 L Street, N.W., Washington, D. C. 20005).
Wlhl ^hdmf_gl kha^Z\Zeky \ ijhp_kk_ ijh\h^bfhc API
klZg^ZjlbaZpbb, qlh h[_ki_qb\Z_l khhl\_lkl\mxsmx j_]bkljZpbx b
bkihevah\Zgb_ \ ijhp_kk_ jZajZ[hldb b jZkkfZljb\Z_lky dZd klZg^Zjl
API. <hijhku, dZkZxsb_ky bgl_jij_lZpbb kh^_j`Zgby wlh]h klZg^ZjlZ,
beb dhff_glZjbb b \hijhku, dZkZxsb_ky ijhp_^mj, gZ [Za_ dhlhjuo
jZajZ[Zlu\Zeky wlhl klZg^Zjl, ^he`gu gZijZ\eylvky \ ibkvf_gghf \b^_
>bj_dlhjm Z^fbgbkljZlb\gh]h hl^_e_gby :f_jbdZgkdh]h G_nlygh]h
BgklblmlZ (Z^j_k mdZaZg gZ lblmevghc kljZgbp_ ^hdmf_glZ) 1220 L
Street, N.W., Washington, D. C. 20005. Ijhkv[u beb aZy\e_gby gZ
jZaj_r_gb_ h dhibjh\Zgbb beb i_j_\h^_ \k_]h ^hdmf_glZ beb dZdhc-
eb[h qZklb him[ebdh\Zggh]h a^_kv fZl_jbZeZ ^he`gu lZd`_
gZijZ\eylvky >bj_dlhjm Z^fbgbkljZlb\gh]h hl^_e_gby API.
KlZg^Zjlu API im[ebdmxlky k p_evx kh\_jr_gkl\h\Zgby
bf_xs_]hky fgh]hh[jZaby bkiulZgguo, gZ^_`guo l_ogbq_kdbo b
wdkiemZlZpbhgguo ijb_fh\ \ jZ[hl_. Wlb klZg^Zjlu g_ ij_^gZagZq_gu
^ey mkljZg_gby ihlj_[ghklb \ ijbgylbb ijZ\bevgh]h l_ogbq_kdh]h
j_r_gby h \j_f_gb b f_kl_ \hafh`gh]h bkihevah\Zgby wlbo klZg^Zjlh\.
JZajZ[hldZ b im[ebdZpby klZg^Zjlh\ API g_ gZp_e_gu gbdhbf h[jZahf
gZ aZij_s_gb_ dhfm-eb[h bkihevah\Zlv ex[u_ ^jm]b_ j_dhf_g^Zpbb.
Ex[hc ijhba\h^bl_ev, fZjdbjmxsbc h[hjm^h\Zgb_ beb fZl_jbZeu
\ khhl\_lkl\bb k lj_[h\Zgbyfb klZg^ZjlZ API ih fZjdbjh\d_, g_k_l
ebqgh hl\_lkl\_gghklv aZ khhl\_lkl\b_ ijhba\h^bfhc ijh^mdpbb \k_f
mdZaZgguf \ wlhf klZg^Zjl_ lj_[h\Zgbyf. API g_ ml\_j`^Z_l, g_
jmqZ_lky b g_ ]ZjZglbjm_l, qlh lZdZy ijh^mdpby ^_ckl\bl_evgh
m^h\e_l\hjy_l khhl\_lkl\mxsb_ lj_[h\Zgby ijbf_gy_fh]h klZg^ZjlZ.
API SPEC 7:1997
iv
IJ?>BKEH<B?
GZklhysb_ l_ogbq_kdb_ mkeh\by gZoh^ylky ih^ xjbk^bdpb_c
Ih^dhfbl_lZ :f_jbdZgkdh]h g_nlygh]h bgklblmlZ ih klZg^ZjlbaZpbb
[mjh\h]h b \kihfh]Zl_evgh]h h[hjm^h\Zgby.
L_ogbq_kdb_ mkeh\by :f_jbdZgkdh]h g_nlygh]h bgklblmlZ (API)
im[ebdmxlky k p_evx hdZaZgby ihfhsb ijb ihklZ\d_
klZg^Zjlbah\Zggh]h h[hjm^h\Zgby b fZl_jbZeh\, Z lZd`_ \ dZq_kl\_
bgkljmdpbc ^ey ba]hlh\bl_e_c h[hjm^h\Zgby b fZl_jbZeh\, \dexq_gguo
\ l_ogbq_kdb_ mkeh\by API. Ijbf_g_gb_ ^Zgguo l_ogbq_kdbo mkeh\bc
g_ ij_^iheZ]Z_l hldZaZ hl ijh\_^_gby ]em[hdh]h bg`_g_jgh]h ZgZebaZ b
g_ aZij_sZ_l hl ijbh[j_l_gby beb ijhba\h^kl\Z ba^_ebc,
khhl\_lkl\mxsbo ^jm]bf l_ogbq_kdbf mkeh\byf.
Nhjfmebjh\dZ b im[ebdZpby l_ogbq_kdbo mkeh\bc API, Z lZd`_
ijh]jZffZ ijbf_g_gby fhgh]jZffu API, gb \ dh_f kemqZ_ g_ bf_xl
p_eb aZij_lblv ijbh[j_l_gb_ ba^_ebc dhfiZgbc, g_ bf_xsbo ebp_gabb
gZ bkihevah\Zgb_ fhgh]jZff API.
L_ogbq_kdb_ mkeh\by API fh]ml bkihevah\Zlvky \k_fb `_eZxsbfb,
b bgklblml ijbeh`be fZdkbfmf mkbebc ih h[_ki_q_gbx lhqghklb b
gZ^_`ghklb ^Zgguo, kh^_j`Zsboky \ gbo. H^gZdh bgklblml g_
ijbgbfZ_l gZ k_[y gbdZdbo h[yaZl_evkl\, g_ ^Z_l gbdZdbo ]ZjZglbc,
k\yaZgguo k im[ebdZpb_c l_ogbq_kdbo mkeh\bc API, b, lZdbf h[jZahf,
kgbfZ_l k k_[y dZdb_-eb[h h[yaZl_evkl\Z beb hl\_lkl\_gghklv aZ ms_j[
beb ih\j_`^_gb_, dhlhju_ fh]ml \hagbdgmlv \ j_amevlZl_ bo
ijbf_g_gby, Z lZd`_ aZ gZjmr_gb_ dZdbo-eb[h ijZ\be beb
ihklZgh\e_gbc n_^_jZevguo \eZkl_c, \eZkl_c rlZlZ, fmgbpbiZevguo
\eZkl_c, k dhlhjufb l_ogbq_kdb_ mkeh\by API fh]ml \klmiblv \
ijhlb\hj_qb_, Z lZd`_ aZ gZjmr_gb_ iZl_glguo ijZ\, \hagbdr__ \
j_amevlZl_ ijbf_g_gby l_ogbq_kdbo mkeh\bc API.
API SPEC 7:1997
v
Ex[hc ba]hlh\bl_ev, ijhba\h^ysbc fZjdbjh\dm h[hjm^h\Zgby beb
fZl_jbZeh\ \ khhl\_lkl\bb k lj_[h\Zgbyfb l_ogbq_kdbo mkeh\bc API,
g_k_l ihegmx hl\_lkl\_gghklv aZ khhl\_lkl\b_ \k_f ijbf_gy_fuf
lj_[h\Zgbyf l_ogbq_kdbo mkeh\bc. :f_jbdZgkdbc bgklblml g_nlb g_
^Z_l h[yaZl_evkl\ b ]ZjZglbc, qlh ba^_eby, bf_xsb_ fZjdbjh\dm API,
nZdlbq_kdb khhl\_lkl\mxl ijbf_gy_fuf l_ogbq_kdbf mkeh\byf API.
F_ljbq_kdh_ ij_h[jZah\Zgb_ ijbgyluo \ KR: _^bgbp baf_j_gby \
kbkl_fm _^bgbp KB ijb\h^blky \ l_dkl_ l_ogbq_kdbo mkeh\bc \
kdh[dZo, gZijbf_j 6 ^xcfh\ (152.4 ff). F_ljbq_kdb_ wd\b\Ze_glu
ijbgyluf \ KR: \_ebqbgZf \dexq_gu lZd`_ \ lZ[ebpu b jbkmgdb, Z
g_dhlhju_ ba gbo \hkijhba\_^_gu \ f_ljbq_kdhc kbkl_f_ _^bgbp \
ijbeh`_gbb F.
L_ogbq_kdb_ mkeh\by API fh]ml bkihevah\Zlvky \k_fb `_eZxsbfb.
Bgklblml ijbeh`be fZdkbfmf mkbebc ih h[_ki_q_gbx lhqghklb b
gZ^_`ghklb ^Zgguo, kh^_j`Zsboky \ gbo; h^gZdh Bgklblml g_
ijbgbfZ_l gZ k_[y gbdZdbo h[yaZl_evkl\, g_ ^Z_l gbdZdbo ]ZjZglbc,
k\yaZgguo k im[ebdZpb_c ^Zgguo l_ogbq_kdbo mkeh\bc API, b, lZdbf
h[jZahf, kgbfZ_l k k_[y dZdb_-eb[h h[yaZl_evkl\Z beb hl\_lkl\_gghklv
aZ ms_j[ beb ih\j_`^_gb_, dhlhju_ fh]ml \hagbdgmlv \ j_amevlZl_ bo
ijbf_g_gby, Z lZd`_ aZ gZjmr_gb_ dZdbo-eb[h ijZ\be beb
ihklZgh\e_gbc n_^_jZevguo \eZkl_c, \eZkl_c rlZlZ, fmgbpbiZevguo
\eZkl_c, k dhlhjufb l_ogbq_kdb_ mkeh\by API fh]ml \klmiblv \
ijhlb\hj_qb_, Z lZd`_ aZ gZjmr_gb_ iZl_glguo ijZ\, \hagbdr__ \
j_amevlZl_ ijbf_g_gby l_ogbq_kdbo mkeh\bc API.
Ij_^eh`_gby ih i_j_kfhljm l_ogbq_kdbo mkeh\bc ke_^m_l
ijbkueZlv ^bj_dlhjm Hl^_eZ bkke_^h\Zgbc b ijhba\h^kl\Z,
:f_jbdZgkdbc bgklblml g_nlb, 1220 L Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20005.
GZklhysbc klZg^Zjl \\h^blky \ ^_ckl\b_, gZqbgZy k ^Zlu,
mdZaZgghc gZ h[eh`d_, h^gZdh \hafh`gh ^h[jh\hevgh_ qZklbqgh_ beb
API SPEC 7:1997
vi
ihegh_ ijh\_^_gb_ khhl\_lkl\by i_j_kfhljh\ eb[h kh\f_klgh, eb[h \
dZq_kl\_ aZf_gu ^_ckl\mxsbo l_ogbq_kdbo mkeh\bc, gZqbgZy k ^Zlu
im[ebdZpbb, k p_evx ^hklb`_gby khhl\_lkl\by ba^Zgbx,
^_ckl\mxs_fm gZ ^Zlm ba]hlh\e_gby.
API SPEC 7:1997
vii
KH>?J@:GB?
Klj
1 H[eZklv jZkijhkljZg_gby 1
1.1 H[t_dlu jZkkfhlj_gby 1
1.2 Lj_[h\Zgby d fZl_jbZem 1
2 GhjfZlb\gu_ kkuedb 3
3 Hij_^_e_gby 8
4 <_jogb_ b gb`gb_ aZ`\b`db \_^msbo [mjbevguo ljm[ 8
4.1 H[sb_ iheh`_gby 9
4.2 Djbl_jbb ijh_dlbjh\Zgby 10
4.3 Kh_^bg_gby 11
4.4 Dhgljhev b bkiulZgby 11
4.5 =b^jhklZlbq_kdb_ bkiulZgby 12
4.6 FZjdbjh\dZ 13
5 <_^msb_ [mjbevgu_ ljm[u r_klb]jZggh]h beb d\Z^jZlgh]h
k_q_gby 13
5.1 JZaf_j, lbi b jZaf_ju 13
5.2 Baf_j_gb_ jZaf_jh\ 13
5.3 Kh_^bg_gby 13
5.4 Dh\Zggu_ \_^msb_ [mjbevgu_ ljm[u k d\Z^jZlguf k_q_gb_f 14
5.5 F_oZgbq_kdb_ k\hckl\Z 14
5.6 FZjdbjh\dZ 14
6 ;mjbevgu_ aZfdb 19
6.1 JZaf_ju b lbju [mjbevguo aZfdh\ 19
6.2 F_oZgbq_kdb_ k\hckl\Z 19
6.3 Lj_[h\Zgby d jZaf_jZf 20
6.4 Lj_[h\Zgby d ahg_ k\Zjdb [mjbevguo ljm[/[mjbevguo
aZfdh\ 21
6.5 Kh_^bg_gby 34
API SPEC 7:1997
viii
6.6 FZjdbjh\dZ 34
7 I_j_\h^gbdb [mjbevghc dhehggu 37
7.1 DeZkk b lbi 37
7.2 JZaf_ju lbih\ : b < 38
7.3 JZaf_ju lbiZ K (i_j_\h^gbd \_jlex]Z) 38
7.4 JZaf_ju lbjZ D (ih^t_fguc i_j_\h^gbd) 39
7.5 F_oZgbq_kdb_ k\hckl\Z fZl_jbZeZ 40
7.6 We_f_glu ^ey kgylby gZijy`_gbc \ kh_^bg_gbyo 40
7.7 Oheh^gZy h[jZ[hldZ \iZ^bg j_av[u 41
7.8 FZjdbjh\dZ 41
8 Mly`_e_ggu_ [mjbevgu_ ljm[u 45
8.1 H[sb_ iheh`_gby 45
8.2 KlZg^Zjlgu_ klZevgu_ ml_`_e_ggu_ [mjbevgu_ ljm[u 47
8.3 G_fZ]gblgu_ ml_`_e_ggu_ [mjbevgu_ ljm[u 50
9 >hehlZ ^ey kiehrgh]h b dhehgdh\h]h [mj_gby 57
9.1 RZjhr_qgh_ ^hehlh b ehihklgh_ ^hehlh j_`ms_]h lbiZ 57
9.2 :efZagu_ ^hehlZ ^ey kiehrgh]h b dhehgdh\h]h [mj_gby,
^hehlZ, bfij_]gbjh\Zggu_ ihebdjbklZeebq_kdbfb
ZefZaZfb (PDC) 59
10 Jhlhjgu_ kh_^bg_gby k aZie_qbdZfb 63
10.1 JZaf_ju b lbiu 63
10.2 JZaf_ju 63
10.3 Wd\b\Ze_glgu_ kh_^bg_gby 65
11 F_lh^u baf_j_gby jhlhjguo kh_^bg_gbc k aZie_qbdZfb 67
11.1 WlZehggu_ dhgljhevgu_ ijb[hju 67
11.2 JZ[hqb_ dZeb[ju 68
11.3 <aZbfhk\yav f_`^m dZeb[jZfb 69
11.4 >himkdb gZ gZly] 69
11.5 Kbkl_fZ dZeb[jh\db 70
API SPEC 7:1997
ix
12 L_ogbq_kdb_ mkeh\by gZ dZeb[ju ^ey jhlhjguo
kh_^bg_gbc k aZie_qbdZfb 72
12.1 =eZ\gu_ b j_]bhgZevgu_ dhgljhevgu_ dZeb[ju 72
12.2 WlZehggu_ dhgljhevgu_ dZeb[ju 72
12.3 JZ[hqb_ dZeb[ju 72
12.4 Hkgh\u ijh_dlbjh\Zgby 73
12.5 RZ] j_av[u 74
12.6 Dhgmkghklv 74
12.7 Nhjfu \iZ^bgu 74
12.8 GZqZevgZy \_ebqbgZ gZly]Z 75
12.9 >jm]b_ we_f_glu 76
12.10 I_jbh^bq_kdl_ ih\lhjgu_ bkiulZgby 76
12.11 GZly] ijb ih\lhjguo bkiulZgbyo 77
12.12 <hkklZgh\e_gb_ 78
12.13 FZjdbjh\dZ 78
13 K_jlbnbdZpby dZeb[jh\ ^ey jhlhjguo kh_^bg_gbc k
aZie_qbdZfb 84
13.1 <uihegyxsb_ k_jlbnbdZpbx hj]ZgbaZpbb 84
13.2 H[sb_ lj_[h\Zgby 85
13.3 K_jlbnbdZpby 86
13.4 GZly] ijb \aZbfghc aZf_g_ 87
13.5 =eZ\gu_ dhgljhevgu_ ijb[hju 87
13.6 J_]bhgZevgu_ dhgljhevgu_ ijb[hju 87
13.7 Hij_^_e_gb_ gZly]Z 88
13.8 Hlq_l h \_ebqbg_ gZly]Z 89
13.9 FZjdbjh\dZ 89
14 FZjdbjh\dZ kh_^bg_gbc 89
15 Dhgljhev b hl[jZdh\dZ 90
API SPEC 7:1997
x
IJBEH@?GBY
: >hihegbl_evgu_ lj_[h\Zgby 91
< Bgkljmdpbb ih h[kem`b\Zgbx b ijbf_g_gbx j_]bhgZevguo
dhgljhevguo dZ^b[jh\ API 92
K Bgkljmdpbb h ljZgkihjlbjh\d_ wlZehgguo dhgljhevguo
dZeb[jh\ 95
D J_dhf_g^m_fZy f_lh^bdZ h[kem`b\Zgby b bkihevah\Zgby
jZ[hqbo dZeb[jh\ 99
? Lj_[h\Zgby d hj]ZgbaZpbyf, hkms_kl\eyxsbf k_jlbnbdZpbx
dZeb[jh\ API 101
F =eZ\gu_ b j_]bhgZevgu_ dhgljhevgu_ dZeb[ju API ^ey
jhlhjguo kh_^bg_gbc 1 yg\Zjy 1994 102
G J_dhf_g^m_fu_ fgh]hdhfihg_glgu_ kfZadb ^ey j_av[u
jhlhjguo kh_^bg_gbc k aZie_qbdZfb 104
H J_dhf_g^m_fu_ f_lh^u baf_j_gbc gh\uo jhlhjguo
kh_^bg_gbc k aZie_qbdZfb 107
I MklZj_\rb_ [mjbevgu_ aZfdb 114
J MklZj_\rb_ jhlhjgu_ kh_^bg_gby k aZie_qbdZfb 115
D MklZj_\rb_ jhlhjgu_ kh_^bg_gby k aZie_qbdZfb 117
L Ijbf_g_gb_ fhgh]jZff API 118
F F_ljbq_kdb_ lZ[ebpu 125
N Dhgljhev ihdmiZl_ey (ih `_eZgbx) 139
JBKMGDB
1 LbibqgZy ko_fZ [mjbevghc dhehggu 9
2 <_^msb_ [mjbevgu_ ljm[u d\Z^jZlgh]h k_q_gby 16
3 <_^msb_ [mjbevgu_ ljm[u r_klb]jZggh]h k_q_gby 17
4 DZeb[j-\lmedZ ^ey \_^msbo [mjbevguo ljm[ 18
5 JZkiheh`_gb_ h[jZaph\ ^ey bkiulZgbc gZ jZkly`_gb_
b f_klZ ^ey bkiulZgbc gZ l\zj^hklv 35
API SPEC 7:1997
xi
6 ;mjbevguc aZfhd, dhgbq_kdb_ aZie_qbdb, ijyfhm]hevgu_
aZie_qbdb 35
7 JZkiheh`_gb_ h[jZapZ ^ey bkiulZgbc gZ jZkly`_gb_ 36
8 JZkiheh`_gb_ b hjb_glZpby h[jZaph\ ^ey m^Zjguo
bkiulZgbc 36
9 F_klZ ^ey bkiulZgbc gZ l\zj^hklv 36
10 WlZehg 37
11 Ijbf_ju fZjdbjh\db gZ hkgh\Zgbb gbii_ey 37
12 I_j_\h^gbdb [mjbevguo dhehgg 43
13 <ulhqdZ h[jZlgh]h deZiZgZ gZ i_j_\h^gbdZo ^hehlZ 43
14 Ih^t_fgu_ i_j_\h^gbdb ( Lbi D) 44
15 Mly`_ezggu_ [mjbevgu_ ljm[u 54
16 We_f_glu dhgkljmdpbc kh_^bg_gbc ^ey kgylby gZijy`_gbc 54
17 :evl_jgZlb\guc we_f_gl dhgkljmdpbb kh_^bg_gby
fmnlh\h]h lbiZ ^ey kgylby gZijy`_gbc 55
18 We_f_gl dhgkljmdpbb, kgb`Zxsbc djmlysbc fhf_gl ^ey
ghjfZevguo (Regular) kh_^bg_gbc 8
5
/
8
, \uiheg_gguc
f_oZgbq_kdhc h[jZ[hldhc gZ gZjm`guo ^bZf_ljZo k\ur_
10
1
/
2
^xcfZ (266,7 fbeebf_ljh\), bkdexqZy
fmnlh\u_ kh_^bg_gby ^hehl 55
19 JZaf_ju dZeb[jh\ ^ey ZefZagh]h ^hehlZ b
^hehlZ, bfij_]gbjh\Zggh]h ihebdjbklZeebq_kdbfb
ZefZaZfb (JDK) 61
20 Jhlhjgu_ kh_^bg_gby k aZie_qbdZfb 66
21 NhjfZ j_av[u V-0.038R 66
22 NhjfZ j_av[u V-0.040 b V-0.050 67
23 F_lh^u baf_j_gby jhlhjguo kh_^bg_gbc k aZie_qbdZfb 71
24 =eZ\gu_ j_]bhgZevgu_ b wlZehggu_ dhgljhevgu_
j_av[h\u_ dZeb[ju jhlhjguo kh_^bg_gbc k aZie_qbdZfb.
<k_ jZaf_ju b lbiu 80
API SPEC 7:1997
xii
25 JZ[hqb_ j_av[h\u_ dZeb[ju jhlhjguo kh_^bg_gbc k
aZie_qbdZfb.<k_ jZaf_ju b lbiu 80
26 NhjfZ j_av[u dZeb[jh\ 82
27 Ih\hjhlguc m^Zjgbd 89
G-1 Baf_j_gby dhgmkghklb gZjm`ghc j_av[u 110
G-2 Baf_j_gb_ dhgmkghklb \gmlj_gg_c j_av[u 113
G-3 Baf_j_gb_ rZ]Z gZjm`ghc j_av[u 113
G-4 Baf_j_gb_ rZ]Z \gmlj_gg_c j_av[u 113
G-5 KlZg^Zjlguc rZ[ehg rZ]Z 113
L:;EBPU
1 >Z\e_gby ]b^jhklZlbq_kdbo bkiulZgbc 11
2 <_^msb_ [mjbevgu_ ljm[u d\Z^jZlgh]h k_q_gby 16
3 <_^msb_ [mjbevgu_ ljm[u r_klb]jZggh]h k_q_gby 17
4 DZeb[j-\lmedZ ^ey \_^msbo [mjbevguo ljm[ 18
5 F_oZgbq_kdb_ k\hckl\Z b bkiulZgby gh\uo \_^msbo
[mjbevguo ljm[ (\k_ jZaf_ju) 18
6 F_oZgbq_kdb_ k\hckl\Z gh\uo [mjbevguo aZfdh\ \
f_klZo, ihdZaZgguo gZ jbkmgd_ 5 (\k_ jZaf_ju) 20
7 JZaf_ju [mjbevguo aZfdh\ ^ey fZjhd [mjbevguo ljm[
?75, O95, G105 b S135 24
8 Lj_[h\Zgby d ijhqghklb gZ m^Zj h[jZaph\ mf_gvr_ggh]h
jZaf_jZ 29
9 I_j_\h^gbdb [mjbevguo dhehgg 42
10 F_oZgbq_kdb_ k\hckl\Z b bkiulZgby gh\uo klZevguo
i_j_\h^gbdh\ [mjbevguo dhehgg 42
11 JZaf_ju ^bZf_ljh\ \_jogbo ih^tzfguo i_j_\h^gbdh\ 42
12 <ulhqdZ h[jZlgh]h deZiZgZ gZ i_j_\h^gbdZo ^hehlZ 44
13 Mly`_ezggu_ [mjbevgu_ ljm[u 49
API SPEC 7:1997
xiii
14 >himkdb gZ gZjm`guc ^bZf_lj mly`_ezgguo [mjbevguo
ljm[ 49
15 M^Ze_gb_ ih\_joghklguo ^_l_dlhjh\ k mly`_ezgguo
[mjbevguo ljm[ 54
16 We_f_glu dhgkljmdpbc ^ey kgylby gZijy`_gbc \
kh_^bg_gbyo mly`_ezgguo [mjbevguo ljm[ 56
17 F_oZgbq_kdb_ k\hckl\Z b bkiulZgby gh\uo klZg^Zjlguo
klZevguo mly`_ezgguo [mjbevguo ljm[ 56
18 Kh_^bg_gby ^ey gbadbo mly`_ezgguo [mjbevguo ljm[ 57
19 >hihegbl_evgu_ g_fZ]gblgu_ mly`_ezggu_ [mjbevgu_
ljm[u 57
20 F_oZgbq_kdb_ k\hckl\Z b bkiulZgby, gh\u_ g_fZ]gblgu_
mly`_ezggu_ [mjbevgu_ ljm[u 57
21 Kh_^bg_gby rZjhr_qgh]h ^hehlZ 61
22 Kh_^bg_gby ehiZklgh]h ^hehlZ j_`ms_]h lbiZ 62
23 >himkdb gZ ZefZagu_ ^hehlZ ^ey kiehrgh]h b
dhehgdh\h]h [mj_gby b ^hehlZ,
bfij_]gbjh\Zggu_ ihebdjbklZeebq_kdbfb ZefZaZfb (JDK) 62
24 Kh_^bg_gby ZefZaguo [mjh\uo ^hehl b ^hehl,
bfij_]gbjh\Zgguo ihebdjbklZeebq_kdbfb ZefZaZfb (JDK) 62
25 JZaf_ju jhlhjguo kh_^bg_gbc k aZie_qbdZfb 65
26 JZaf_ju j_av[u jhlhjguo kh_^bg_gbc k aZie_qbdZfb 66
27 JZaf_ju dZeb[jh\ ^ey jhlhjguo kh_^bg_gbc k aZie_qbdZfb 80
28 JZaf_ju j_av[u dZeb[jh\ ^ey jhlhjguo kh_^bg_gbc k
aZie_qbdZfb 82
29 >himkdb gZ jZaf_ju h[jZaph\uo dhgljhevguo dZeb[jh\ 83
30 >himkdb gZ jZaf_ju ]eZ\guo b j_]bhgZevguo dhgljhevguo
dZeb[jh\ 83
31 >himkdb gZ jZaf_ju jZ[hqbo dZeb[jh\ 84
API SPEC 7:1997
xiv
F-1 Kh_^bg_gby ih^ ghf_jZfb(ghf_jgu_) 102
F-2 GhjfZevgu_ ijZ\u_ (R?G RG) 102
F-3 GhjfZevgu_ e_\u_ (R?G LG) 103
F-4 Rbjhdhijhoh^ghc ijZ\uc (FG) 103
F-5 JZ\ghijhoh^gu_ ijZ\u_ (IF) 103
G-1 Dhfi_gkbjh\ZggZy ^ebgZ j_av[u b ^bZf_lju rZjbdh\h]h
dhglZdlZ ijb baf_j_gbyo iZjZee_evgh gZdehgm dhgmkZ 110
I-1 MklZj_\rb_ [mjbevgu_ aZfdb k dhgmkgufb aZie_qbdZfb b
ijyfhm]hevgufb aZie_qbdZfb 114
J-1JZaf_ju ba^_ebc k mklZj_\rbfb jhlhjgufb kh_^bg_gbyfb
k aZie_qbdZfb 115
D-1 JZaf_ju dZeb[jh\ ^ey mklZj_\rbo jhlhjguo kh_^bg_gbc k
aZie_qbdZfb 117
F?LJBQ?KDB? L:;EBPU
IJBF?Q:GB?. Ijb\_^zggu_ gb`_ f_ljbq_kdb_ lZ[ebpu khhl\_l-
kl\mxl lZ[ebpZf gZ ij_^u^ms_c kljZgbp_ (gZijbf_j lZ[e. 2, <_^msb_
[mjbevgu_ ljm[u d\Z^jZlgh]h k_q_gby, y\ey_lky f_ljbq_kdhc lZ[ebp_c,
khhl\_lkl\mxs_c lZ[e. 2, <_^msb_ [mjbevgu_ ljm[u d\Z^jZlgh]h k_q_-
gby, gZ ij_^u^ms_c kljZgbp_).
2 <_^msb_ [mjbevgu_ ljm[u d\Z^jZlgh]h k_q_gby 126
3 <_^msb_ [mjbevgu_ ljm[u r_klb]jZggh]h k_q_gby 127
4 DZeb[j-\lmedZ ^ey \_^msbo [mjbevguo ljm[ 127
7 JZaf_ju [mjbevguo aZfdh\ ^ey [mjbevguo ljm[ fZjhd
?75, O95, G105 b S135 128
12 <ulhqdZ ^ey h[jZlgh]h deZiZgZ deZiZgZ \ i_j_\h^gbdZo
^hehlZ 130
13 Mly`_ezggu_ [mjbevgu_ ljm[u 130
API SPEC 7:1997
xv
16 We_f_glu dhgkljmdpbb ^ey kgylby gZijy`_gbc \
kh_^bg_gbyo mly`_ezgguo [mjbevguo ljm[ 131
25 JZaf_ju jhlhjguo kh_^bg_gbc k aZie_qbdZfb 132
26 JZaf_ju j_av[u gZ jhlhjguo kh_^bg_gbyo k aZie_qbdZfb 133
27 JZaf_ju dZeb[jh\ ^ey jhlhjguo kh_^bg_gbc k aZie_qbdZfb 133
28 JZaf_ju j_av[h\uo dZeb[jh\ ^ey jhlhjguo kh_^bg_gbc k
aZie_qbdZfb 134
29 >himkdb gZ jZaf_ju wlZehgguo dhgljhevguo dZeb[jh\ 134
30 >himkdb gZ jZaf_ju ]eZ\guo b j_]bhgZevguo dhgljhevguo
dZeb[jh\ 135
31 >himkdb gZ jZaf_ju jZ[hqbo dZeb[jh\ 135
G-1 Dhfi_gkbjh\Zggu_ agZq_gby ^ebgu j_av[u b ^bZf_lju
rZjbdh\uo dhglZdlh\ ijb baf_j_gbyo iZjZee_evgh gZdehgm
dhgmkZ 136
I-1 MklZj_\rb_ [mjbevgu_ aZfdb k dhgmkgufb aZie_qbdZfb b
ijyfhm]hevgufb aZie_qbdZfb 137
J-1 JZaf_ju mklZj_\rbo jhlhjguo kh_^bg_gbc k aZie_qbdZfb 138
D-1 JZaf_ju dZeb[jh\ ^ey mklZj_\rbo jhlhjguo kh_^bg_gbc
k aZie_qbdZfb 138
API SPEC 7:1997
1
WE?F?GLU H;HJM>H<:GBY ;MJBEVGUO
DHEHGG >EY JHLHJGH=H ;MJ?GBY.
L?OGBQ?KDB? MKEH<BY.
1 H[eZklv jZkijhkljZg_gby
1.1 H[t_dlu jZkkfhlj_gby
< gZklhysbo l_ogbq_kdbo mkeh\byo jZkkfZljb\Zxlky lj_[h\Zgby d
we_f_glZf [mjbevguo dhehgg (aZ bkdexq_gb_f [mjbevguo ljm[),
\dexqZy kh_^bg_gby gZ j_av[_, f_lh^bdb baf_j_gby, b ijbf_gy_fu_
ijb wlhf dhgljhevgu_ dZeb[ju. LbibqgZy ko_fZ [mjbevghc dhehggu
ihdZaZgZ gZ jbk. 1. < l_ogbq_kdb_ mkeh\by \dexq_gu lZd`_ \ \b^_
ijbeh`_gbc j_dhf_g^m_fu_ ijZ\beZ h[kem`b\Zgby b ijbf_g_gby
j_]bhgZevguo dhgljhevguo, dhgljhevguo wlZehgguo b jZ[hqbo
dZeb[jh\.
1.2 Lj_[h\Zgby d fZl_jbZem
?keb \ lj_[h\Zgbyo d fZl_jbZeZf g_ h[mkeh\e_gh bgh_, fZl_jbZe
^ey h[hjm^h\Zgby, ihklZ\ey_fh]h \ khhl\_lkl\bb k gZklhysbfb
l_ogbq_kdbfb mkeh\byfb, fh`_l \Zjvbjh\Zlvky \ aZ\bkbfhklb hl
oZjZdl_jZ ijbf_g_gby, h^gZdh ^he`_g khhl\_lkl\h\Zlv hnbpbZevguf
l_ogbq_kdbf mkeh\byf ba]hlh\bl_ey. L_ogbq_kdb_ mkeh\by ba]hlh\bl_ey
^he`gu hij_^_eylv ke_^mxs__:
Z. Ij_^_eu obfbq_kdh]h khklZ\Z;
b. Mkeh\by l_jfhh[jZ[hldb;
k. Ij_^_evgu_ agZq_gby f_oZgbq_kdbo k\hckl\:
1. Ij_^_e ijhqghklb gZ jZkly`_gb_.
2. Ij_^_e l_dmq_klb.
3. M^ebg_gb_.
4. L\_j^hklv.
API SPEC 7:1997
2
2 GhjfZlb\gu_ kkuedb
API
RP 5:3 KfZadb fgh]hdhfihg_glgu_ ^ey j_av[h\uo kh_^bg_gbc
h[kZ^guo b gZkhkgh-dhfij_kkhjguo ljm[ b
ljm[hijh\h^h\. J_dhf_g^m_fZy ijZdlbdZ
RP 7A1 KfZadb ^ey j_av[h\uo kh_^bg_gbc k aZie_qbdZfb ^ey
jhlhjgh]h [mj_gby. J_dhf_g^m_fZy ijZdlbdZ
RP 7G ;mjbevgu_ dhehggu. Dhgkljmdpby b wdkiemZlZpbhggu_
h]jZgbq_gby
Spec 5D Ljm[u [mjbevgu_. L_ogbq_kdb_ mkeh\by
Spec 7 We_f_glu [mjbevguo dhehgg ^ey jhlhjgh]h [mj_gby.
L_ogbq_kdb_ mkeh\by, Ba^Zgb_ 32
Spec 8A H[hjm^h\Zgb_ ih^t_fgh_, ijbf_gy_fh_ ijb [mj_gbb b
^h[uq_. L_ogbq_kdb_ mkeh\by
Spec 8C H[hjm^h\Zgb_ ih^t_fgh_, ijbf_gy_fh_ ijb [mj_gbb b
^h[uq_.(1-c b 2-hc mjh\gb l_ogbq_kdbo lj_[h\Zgbc d
ijh^mdpbb). L_ogbq_kdb_ mkeh\by.
ASME
1
Dh^_dk ih dhleZf b khkm^Zf, jZ[hlZxsbf ih^ ^Z\e_gb_f, JZa^_e IX,
' D\ZebnbdZpbhggZy hp_gdZ k\Zjdb b iZcdb '
ASNT
2
RPSNT-TC-1A J_dhf_g^m_fZy ijZdlbdZ No. SNT-TC-1A
ASTM
3
:262 IjZdlbdZ \_^_gby jZ[hl ?

1
:f_jbdZgkdh_ h[s_kl\h bg`_g_jh\ - f_oZgbdh\, 345 East 47th Street, New York, New York 10017.
2
:f_jbdZgkdh_ h[s_kl\h ki_pbZebklh\ ih g_jZajmrZxsbf bkiulZgbyf, 1711 Arlington Lane, Columbus, Ohio,
43228.
3
:f_jbdZgkdh_ h[s_kl\h ki_pbZebklh\ ih bkiulZgbyf b fZl_jbZeZf, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken,
Pennsylvania 19428.
API SPEC 7:1997
3
:370 Ba^_eby klZevgu_ F_lh^u bkiulZgby b hij_^_e_gby
^ey bkiulZgbc f_oZgbq_kdbo oZjZdl_jbklbd
:434 IjhdZl khjlh\hc ba e_]bjh\Zgghc klZeb,
]hjyq_dZlZguc beb hdhgqZl_evgh h[jZ[hlZgguc \
oheh^ghf khklhygbb, aZdZe_gguc b hlims_gguc
?8 FZl_jbZeu f_lZeebq_kdb_. F_lh^u bkiulZgby gZ
jZkly`_gb_
?10 FZl_jbZeu f_lZeebq_kdb_. F_lh^u hij_^_e_gby
l\_j^hklb ih ;jbg_eex
?23 FZl_jbZeu f_lZeebq_kdb_. F_lh^u bkiulZgbc gZ
m^Zj h[jZaph\ k gZ^j_ahf
?114 MevljZa\mdh\hc dhgljhev woh-bfimevkguf
dhglZdlguf f_lh^hf k ijbf_g_gb_f ijyfh]h imqdZ
?214 Bff_jkbhgguc mevljZa\mdh\hc dhgljhev f_lh^hf
hljZ`_gby ijh^hevguo \heg
?1001 >_l_dlbjh\Zgb_ b hp_gdZ ^_n_dlh\ bff_jkbhgguf
mevljZa\mdh\uf woh-bfimevkguf f_lh^hf k
ijbf_g_gb_f ijh^hevguo \heg
3 Hij_^_e_gby
>ey p_e_c gZklhys_]h klZg^ZjlZ ijbgylu ke_^mxsb_ hij_^_e_gby:
3.1 ^bZf_lj nZkdb: gZjm`guc ^bZf_lj dhglZdlghc ih\_joghklb
kh_^bg_gby k aZie_qbdhf.
3.2 i_j_\h^gbd ^hehlZ: i_j_\h^gbd, h[uqgh bf_xsbc ^\Z fmnlh\uo
kh_^bg_gby, bkihevam_fuc ^ey kh_^bg_gby ^hehlZ k [mjh\hc dhehgghc.
3.3 fmnlh\h_ kh_^bg_gb_: j_av[h\h_ kh_^bg_gb_ gZ ljm[Zo
g_nl_ijhfukeh\h]h khjlZf_glZ (OCTG), bf_xs__ \gmlj_ggxx j_av[m.
API SPEC 7:1997
4
3.4 kbkl_fZ dZeb[jh\Zgby: ^hdmf_glbjh\ZggZy kbkl_fZ dZeb[jh\Zgby
b dhgljhey baf_jbl_evguo ijb[hjh\.
3.5 oheh^gZy h[jZ[hldZ: ieZklbq_kdZy ^_nhjfZpby f_lZeeZ ijb
l_fi_jZlmjZo, ^hklZlhqgh gbadbo ^ey h[jZah\Zgby hklZlhqguo
^_nhjfZpbc.
3.6 h[_am]e_jh`b\Zgb_: ihl_jy m]e_jh^Z \ ih\_joghklghf keh_
`_e_aguo kieZ\h\ \ j_amevlZl_ gZ]j_\Zgby \ kj_^_, j_Z]bjmxs_c k
ih\_joghklguf m]e_jh^hf.
3.7 ijhoh^ghc ljm[guc rZ[ehg: ijb[hj, ijbf_gy_fuc ^ey ijh\_jdb
fbgbfZevgh]h \gmlj_gg_]h ^bZf_ljZ h[\h^guo ljm[hijh\h^h\,
gZihjguo ljm[hijh\h^h\, iZljm[dh\, gZkhkgh-dhfij_kkhjguo ljm[,
h[kZ^guo ljm[, [mjbevguo ljm[, mly`_e_gguo [mjbevguo ljm[.
3.8 mly`_e_ggZy [mjbevgZy ljm[Z: lheklhkl_ggZy ljm[Z, ijbf_gy_fZy
^ey ih\ur_gby `_kldhklb b dhgp_gljZpbb \_kZ gZ ^hehl_.
3.9 [mjbevgZy ljm[Z: hlj_ahd ljm[u, h[uqgh klZevghc, d dhlhjhfm
ijbdj_ie_gu ki_pbZevgu_ kh_^bg_gby gZ j_av[_, gZau\Z_fu_
[mjbevgufb aZfdZfb.
3.10 rlZfih\dZ: (1) ieZklbq_kdh_ ^_nhjfbjh\Zgb_ f_lZeeZ
k`bfZxsbf mkbeb_f, h[uqgh \ ]hjyq_f khklhygbb, k p_evx ihemq_gby
hij_^_e_gghc nhjfu, k ijbf_g_gb_f rlZfih\ beb [_a. (2) Bf_xsZy
hij_^_e_ggmx nhjfm f_lZeebq_kdZy ^_lZev, ^_nhjfbjh\ZggZy
mdZaZgguf \ur_ f_lh^hf.
3.11 ghjfZevgZy (iheghijhnbevgZy) ljm[gZy j_av[Z: j_av[Z, m
dhlhjhc \iZ^bgZ ijhnbey e_`bl gZ f_gvr_f dhgmk_ gZjm`ghc j_av[u
beb gZ [hevr_f dhgmk_ \gmlj_gg_c j_av[u.
3.12 lhqdZ baf_j_gbc: \hh[jZ`Z_fZy iehkdhklv gZ j_av[_ gbii_evgh]h
lbiZ, i_ji_g^bdmeyjgZy hkb j_av[u, kj_^gbc ^bZf_lj dhlhjhc jZ\_g
\_ebqbg_, mdZaZgghc \ dhehgd_ 5 lZ[e.25.
API SPEC 7:1997
5
3.13 \_^msZy [mjbevgZy ljm[Z: klZevgZy ljm[Z, bf_xsZy d\Z^jZlgh_
beb r_klb]jZggh_ k_q_gb_, kh_^bgyxsZy \_jlex] k [mjbevghc ljm[hc.
<_^msZy ljm[Z ^\b`_lky q_j_a jhlhjguc klhe b i_j_^Z_l fhf_gl
\jZs_gby gZ [mjbevgmx dhehggm.
3.14 ij_^hojZgbl_evguc i_j_\h^gbd \_^ms_c [mjbevghc ljm[u:
dhjhldbc i_j_\h^gbd, gZ\bgq_gguc gZ gb`gxx qZklv \_^ms_c
[mjbevghc ljm[u k p_evx aZsblu __ gbii_evgh]h dhgpZ hl baghkZ \h
\j_fy hi_jZpbc gZ\bgqb\Zgby b jZa\_jlu\Zgby.
3.15 ihke_^gyy jbkdZ kp_ie_gby gZ ljm[_ (dhg_p k[_]Z j_av[u):
ihke_^gbc \blhd j_av[u gbii_ey, \oh^ysbc \ aZp_ie_gb_ k fmnlhc
aZfdZ.
3.16 L
BT
: ^ebgZ j_av[u \ fmnl_, baf_j_ggZy hl aZie_qbdZ (mihjgh]h
lhjpZ) ^h i_j_k_q_gby g_ gZoh^ys_cky ih^ ^Z\e_gb_f [hdh\hc
ih\_joghklb k \_jrbghc ihke_^g_]h \bldZ j_av[u ihegh]h ijhnbey.
3.17 gb`gyy aZ^\b`dZ \_^ms_c [mjbevghc ljm[u: iheghklvx
hldju\ZxsZyky aZ^\b`dZ, mklZgh\e_ggZy \iehlgmx d gb`g_c qZklb
\_^ms_c [mjbevghc ljm[u, bf_xsZy gZjm`guc ^bZf_lj, jZ\guc
gZjm`ghfm ^bZf_ljm [mjbevgh]h aZfdZ. AZ^\b`dZ fh`_l [ulv aZdjulZ
ijb m^Ze_gbb \_^ms_c [mjbevghc ljm[u ih^ ^Z\e_gb_f b
^_fhglbjh\ZgZ \ kd\Z`bg_ ^ey \uiheg_gby hi_jZpbc kimkdZ ljm[ ih^
^Z\e_gb_f.
3.18 dhfihgh\hqguc aZie_qbd: aZie_qbd ^ey miehlg_gby ijb
jhlhjghf kh_^bg_gbb k aZie_qbdZfb.
3.19 [hdh\Zy ih\_joghklv [_a ^Z\e_gby: [hdh\Zy ih\_joghklv
ijhnbey j_av[u, gZ dhlhjmx g_ ^_ckl\m_l hk_\Zy gZ]jmadZ \ke_^kl\b_
dhfihgh\db kh_^bg_gby beb ih^ ^_ckl\b_f jZkly]b\Zxs_c gZ]jmadb gZ
we_f_gl [mjbevghc dhehggu. GZ gbii_evghc qZklb kh_^bg_gby- wlh
[hdh\Zy ih\_joghklv ijhnbey j_av[u, gZb[he__ m^Ze_ggZy hl
API SPEC 7:1997
6
dhfihgh\hqgh]h aZie_qbdZ. GZ fmnl_ - wlh klhjhgZ ijhnbey j_av[u,
gZb[he__ [ebadZy d dhfihgh\hqghfm aZie_qbdm.
3.20 gbii_evguc dhg_p: gZjm`gZy (gbii_evgZy) j_av[Z j_av[h\h]h
kh_^bg_gby.
3.21 kj_^gbc dhgmk: \hh[jZ`Z_fuc dhgmk, ^bZf_lj dhlhjh]h \ ex[hc
lhqd_ jZ\_g ^bZf_ljm kj_^g_c hdjm`ghklb j_av[u \ lhc `_ lhqd_.
3.22 ^bZf_lj kj_^g_c hdjm`ghklb: ^bZf_lj ijb dhlhjhf jZkklhygb_
ihi_j_d \bldh\ jZ\gh jZkklhygbx f_`^m \bldZfb.
3.23 aZdZedZ b hlimkd: mijhqg_gb_ aZdZedhc - mijhqg_gb_ `_e_aguo
kieZ\h\ iml_f Zmkl_gbaZpbb b aZl_f ^hklZlhqgh [ukljh]h hoeZ`^_gby,
ijb dhlhjhf \_kv beb qZklv Zmkl_gblZ ij_h[jZam_lky \ fZjl_gkbl.
Hlimkd - ih\lhjgh_ gZ]j_\Zgb_ mijhqg_gguo ijb aZdZed_ beb
ghjfZebah\Zgguo `_e_aguo kieZ\h\ ^h l_fi_jZlmju gb`_ ^bZiZahgZ
ij_h[jZah\Zgby b ihke_^mxs_]h hoeZ`^_gby k lj_[m_fhc kdhjhklvx.
3.24 kijZ\hqguc jZaf_j: jZaf_j, \hagbdZxsbc \ j_amevlZl_ ^\mo beb
[he__ ^jm]bo jZaf_jh\.
3.25 jhlhjgh_ kh_^bg_gb_ k aZie_qbdZfb (^ey jhlhjgh]h [mj_gby):
kh_^bg_gb_, bkihevam_fh_ \ we_f_glZo [mjbevguo dhehgg, bf_xs__
djmigmx, dhgmkgmx j_av[m b miehlgbl_evgu_ aZie_qbdb.
3.26 dhgkljmdlb\gu_ we_f_glu ^ey kgylby gZijy`_gbc:
fh^bnbdZpby, \uiheg_ggZy gZ jhlhjguo kh_^bg_gbyo k aZie_qbdZfb,
dhlhjZy m^Zey_l g_aZp_ieyxsb_ky \bldb ijhnbey j_av[u gbii_ey beb
fmnlu aZfdZ. Wlh ^_eZ_l kh_^bg_gby [he__ ]b[dbfb b mf_gvrZ_l
\_jhylghklv \hagbdgh\_gby mklZehklguo lj_sbg \ wlbo kbevgh
gZijy`_gguo ahgZo.
3.27 \_jlex]: mkljhckl\h gZ \_jrbg_ [mjbevghc dhehggu,
^himkdZxs__ h^gh\j_f_ggmx pbjdmeypbx b \jZs_gb_.
3.28 ij_^_e ijhqghklb gZ jZkly`_gb_: fZdkbfZevgh_ jZkly]b\Zxs__
gZijy`_gb_, dhlhjh_ kihkh[_g \u^_j`Zlv fZl_jbZe. Ij_^_e ijhqghklb
API SPEC 7:1997
7
gZ jZkly`_gb_ jZkkqblu\Z_lky ih fZdkbfZevghc gZ]jmad_ ijb
bkiulZgbyo gZ jZkly`_gb_, ijh\h^bfuo ^h jZajmr_gby, b ih
i_j\hgZqZevghc \_ebqbg_ ihi_j_qgh]h k_q_gby h[jZapZ.
3.29 ^Z\e_gb_ bkiulZgbc: ^Z\e_gb_, ij_\urZxs__ jZ[hq__ ^Z\e_gb_,
b ijbf_gy_fh_ ^ey ^_fhgkljZpbb p_ehklghklb khkm^Z, jZ[hlZxs_]h ih^
^Z\e_gb_f.
3.30 nhjfZ j_av[u: ijhnbev j_av[u \ hk_\hc iehkdhklb gZ ^ebg_
h^gh]h rZ]Z.
3.31 ^himkd: ^himkdZ_fZy \_ebqbgZ \ZjbZpbc.
3.32 [mjbevguc aZfhd: fZkkb\guc we_f_gl fmnlu ^ey [mjbevghc
ljm[u, bf_xsbc djmigmx, dhgmkgmx j_av[m b miehlgbl_evgu_
aZie_qbdb, kijh_dlbjh\Zggu_ lZd, qlh[u \u^_j`Zlv \_k [mjbevghc
dhehggu b gZijy`_gby, \hagbdZxsb_ ijb ih\lhjhf k\bgqb\Zgbb b
jZa\bgqb\Zgbb, khijhlb\e_gb_ mklZehklb, khijhlb\e_gb_
^hihegbl_evguf k\bgqb\Zgbyf b jZa\bgqb\Zgbyf \ ijhp_kk_ [mj_gby, Z
lZd`_ h[_ki_qblv hlkmlkl\b_ ijhl_q_d miehlg_gby. Gbii_ev
aZdj_iey_lky gZ h^ghf dhgp_ [mjbevghc ljm[u, Z fmnlZ - gZ ^jm]hf.
;mjbevgu_ aZfdb fh]ml [ulv ijb\Zj_gu d [mjbevghc ljm[_, \\bgq_gu \
g__, beb dhf[bgbjh\Zgguf kihkh[hf \\bgq_gu b ijb\Zj_gu.
3.33 \_jogyy aZ^\b`dZ \_^ms_c [mjbevghc ljm[u: aZ^\b`dZ,
aZdj_ie_ggZy g_ihkj_^kl\_ggh gZ^ \_^ms_c ljm[hc, dhlhjZy fh`_l [ulv
aZdjulZ ^ey h]jZgbq_gby ^Z\e_gby \gmljb [mjbevghc dhehggu.
3.34 jZ[hqb_ dZeb[ju: dZeb[ju, bkihevam_fu_ ^ey baf_j_gby j_av[u
gZ ba^_ebyo.
3.35 jZ[hq__ ^Z\e_gb_: ^Z\e_gb_, dhlhjhfm ih^\_j]Z_lky dhgdj_lgZy
qZklv h[hjm^h\Zgby ijb ghjfZevghc wdkiemZlZpbb.
3.36 jZ[hqZy l_fi_jZlmjZ: l_fi_jZlmjZ, \ha^_ckl\bx dhlhjhc
ih^\_j]Z_lky dhgdj_lgZy qZklv h[hjm^h\Zgby \ mkeh\byo ghjfZevghc
wdkiemZlZpbb.
API SPEC 7:1997
8
4 <_jogb_ b gb`gb_ aZ^\b`db \_^msbo [mjbevguo ljm[
4.1 H[sb_ iheh`_gby
< gZklhysbo l_ogbq_kdbo mkeh\byo mklZgZ\eb\Zxlky fbgbfZevgu_
lj_[h\Zgby ih ijh_dlbjh\Zgbx, fZl_jbZeZf b dhgljhex ^ey \_jogbo b
gb`gbo aZ^\b`_d \_^msbo ljm[. Wlb lj_[h\Zgby ijbf_gyxlky d
aZ^\b`dZf \k_o jZaf_jh\ ijb ghfbgZevguo jZ[hqbo ^Z\e_gbyo hl 5000
^h 15000 nmgl/d\. ^xcf (hl 34.5 ^h 103,4 FIZ), b \ ghjfZevguo
mkeh\byo wdkiemZlZpbb (ijb hlkmlkl\bb H
2
S). GhfbgZevgu_ jZ[hqb_
l_fi_jZlmju khklZ\eyxl 14F (- 10K) b \ur_.
API SPEC 7:1997
9
Jbk. 1. LbibqgZy ko_fZ [mjbevghc dhehggu
4.2 Djbl_jbb ijh_dlbjh\Zgby
Ba]hlh\bl_ev ^he`_g ^hdmf_glbjh\Zlv djbl_jbb ijh_dlbjh\Zgby b
ZgZebaZ ^ey dZ`^h]h lbiZ aZ^\b`_d, ijhba\h^bfuo kh]eZkgh ^Zgguf
l_ogbq_kdbf mkeh\byf. FbgbfZevguc dhwnnbpb_gl aZiZkZ ih ij_^_em
API SPEC 7:1997
10
l_dmq_klb ^he`_g [ulv jZ\_g agZq_gbx ^Z\e_gby bkiulZgbc ih lZ[e.1,
mfgh`_gghfm gZ 1,0.
4.2.1 Lj_[h\Zgby d fZl_jbZem
Ih \hijhkm lj_[h\Zgbc d fZl_jbZem kf. 1.2.
IJBF?Q:GB?. F_oZgbq_kdb_ k\hckl\Z gZ jZkly`_gb_ ke_^m_l
hij_^_eylv \ bkiulZgbyo pbebg^jbq_kdbo h[jZaph\ gZ jZkly`_gb_, \
khhl\_lkl\bb k lj_[h\Zgbyfb f_lh^Z hklZlhqghc ^_nhjfZpbb 0,2
ijhp_glZ klZg^ZjlZ ASTM :370.
4.2.2 Ijhqghklv gZ m^Zj
GZ dZ`^mx iZjlbx ieZ\db/l_jfhh[jZ[hldb ^he`gu [ulv hlh[jZgu
ljb ijh^hevguo h[jZapZ ^ey m^Zjguo bkiulZgbc. Kj_^gbc ih lj_f
h[jZapZf j_amevlZl m^Zjguo bkiulZgbc ^he`_g [ulv g_ f_gvr_ 30 nml-
nmgl (41 >`), ijb mkeh\byo, qlh gb h^gh agZq_gb_ g_ f_gvr_ 23 nml-
nmgl (31 >`), Z bkiulZgby ijh\h^ylky ijb l_fi_jZlmj_ 14F (-10K).
IJBF?Q:GB?. BkiulZgby ^he`gu ijh\h^blvky ih f_lh^m RZjib
gZ h[jZapZo k V-h[jZaguf gZ^j_ahf, \ khhl\_lkl\bb k lj_[h\Zgbyfb
klZg^Zjlh\ ASTM A370 b ASTM ?23.
4.3 Kh_^bg_gby
DZd ^ey \_jog_c, lZd b ^ey gb`g_c aZ^\b`db \_^ms_c ljm[u
kh_^bg_gby ^he`gu bf_lv jZaf_j b lbi, ihdZaZgguc \ jZa^_e_ 5 b lZ[e.
3 b 4, _keb ^jm]h_ g_ h[mkeh\e_gh \ aZdZa_ ihdmiZl_ey. Ijb ijbf_g_gbb
lZdbo kh_^bg_gbc ke_^m_l bkihevah\Zlv khhl\_lkl\mxsb_ ^bZf_lju
dhgmkh\, mdZaZggu_ ^ey wlbo kh_^bg_gbc.
Kh_^bg_gby ^he`gu ih^\_j]Zlvky g_jZajmrZxs_fm dhgljhex
\eZ`guf f_lh^hf fZ]gblguo qZklbp k p_evx h[gZjm`_gby dZd
API SPEC 7:1997
11
ihi_j_qguo, lZd b ijh^hevguo ^_n_dlh\, \ khhl\_lkl\bb kh klZg^Zjlhf
ASME Dh^_dk ih dhleZf b khkm^Zf, jZ[hlZxsbf ih^ ^Z\e_gb_f, JZa^_e
5, ih^jZa^_e :, imgdl 7, b ih^jZa^_e <, imgdl 25. Dhgljhev ^he`_g
hkms_kl\eylvky \ khhl\_lkl\bb k hnbpbZevgh hnhjfe_gghc f_lh^bdhc,
dhlhjZy ^he`gZ [ulv ^hklmigZ ihdmiZl_ex ih _]h aZijhkm.
4.4 Dhgljhev b bkiulZgby
Ba]hlh\bl_ev ^he`_g khojZgylv b ij_^hklZ\eylv ih aZijhkm
ihdmiZl_ey ^hdmf_glu h j_amevlZlZo dhgljhey (jZaf_jh\, \bamZevgh]h,
b g_jZajmrZxs_]h), Z lZd`_ j_amevlZlu ]b^jhklZlbq_kdbo bkiulZgbc.
4.5 =b^jhklZlbq_kdb_ bkiulZgby
=b^jhklZlbq_kdb_ bkiulZgby ^he`gu ijh\h^blvky ^h ^Z\e_gbc,
mdZaZgguo \ lZ[e.1.
LZ[ebpZ 1. >Z\e_gby ]b^jhklZlbq_kdbo bkiulZgbc
FbgbfZevgh_ ^Z\e_gb_
GhfbgZevgh_ jZ[hq__ ^Z\e_gb_
FZdkbfZevgh_ ^Z\e_gb_ ]b^jhklZlbq_kdbo
bkiulZgbc dhjimkh\
nmgl/d\. ^xcf FIZ nmgl/d\. ^xcf FIZ
5000
10000
15000
34.5
68.9
103.4
10000
15000
22500
68.9
103.4
155.1
4.5.1 =b^jhklZlbq_kdb_ bkiulZgby dhjimkh\
<k_ dhjimkZ aZ^\b`_d ^he`gu [ulv bkiulZgu gZ \ha^_ckl\b_
]b^jhklZlbq_kdh]h bkiulZl_evgh]h ^Z\e_gby kh]eZkgh baeh`_gghfm
gb`_ f_lh^m. BkiulZgby ke_^m_l \uihegylv \ ljb wlZiZ:
Z. I_jbh^ \u^_j`db i_j\hgZqZevgh]h ^Z\e_gby ljb fbgmlu.
b. Mf_gvr_gb_ ^Z\e_gby ^h gmey.
k. I_jbh^ \u^_j`db dhg_qgh]h ^Z\e_gby g_ f_g__ 10 fbgml.
IJBF?Q:GB?. BkiulZgby ^he`gu ijh\h^blvky ijb
ihemaZdjulhf iheh`_gbb aZ^\b`db. Hlkq_l \j_f_gb i_jbh^Z \u^_j`db
^Z\e_gby ^he`_g gZqbgZlvky ihke_ ^hklb`_gby klZ[bebaZpbb ^Z\e_gby.
API SPEC 7:1997
12
< l_q_gb_ wlh]h i_jbh^Z g_ ^he`gh ijhbkoh^blv aZf_lgh]h iZ^_gby
^Z\e_gby beb ml_qdb.
4.5.2 BkiulZgby k_^eZ aZ^\b`db
BkiulZgby k_^eZ aZ^\b`db ijh\h^ylky ijb fZdkbfZevghf
ghfbgZevghf jZ[hq_f ^Z\e_gbb ijb aZ^\b`d_ \ aZdjulhf iheh`_gbb.
>Z\e_gb_ ^he`gh [ulv ijbeh`_gh d nmgdpbhgZevghfm gb`g_fm lhjpm
aZ^\b`db (h[uqgh wlh gbii_evguc dhg_p). I_jbh^ bkiulZgbc ^he`_g
ijh^he`Zlvky fbgbfmf iylv fbgml ijb hlkmlkl\bb \ l_q_gb_ wlh]h
\j_f_gb aZf_lguo ml_q_d beb iZ^_gby ^Z\e_gby.
4.6 FZjdbjh\dZ
AZ^\b`db \_^msbo [mjbevguo ljm[, ba]hlh\e_ggu_ \ khhl\_lkl\bb
k gZklhysbfb l_ogbq_kdbfb mkeh\byfb, ^he`gu ih^\_j]Zlvky
de_cf_gbx k ijbf_g_gb_f klZevgh]h rlZfiZ, kha^Zxs_]h gbadb_
gZijy`_gby, ijb kh[ex^_gbb ke_^mxsbo mkeh\bc:
Z. Bfy beb fZjdZ ba]hlh\bl_ey, ' Spec 7 ', bg^b\b^mZevguc
k_jbcguc ghf_j, fZdkbfZevgh_ ghfbgZevgh_ jZ[hq__ ^Z\e_gb_,
ijbeZ]Z_fh_ \ dZlZghc \u_fd_.
b. <b^ b jZaf_j kh_^bg_gby k gZjm`guf ^bZf_ljhf ih\_joghklb,
ijbe_]Zxs_c d kh_^bg_gbx.
k. MdZaZl_ev gZijZ\e_gby ih\hjhlZ, lj_[m_fh]h ^ey mklZgh\db
aZ^\b`db \ aZdjulhf iheh`_gbb gZ ih\_joghklb gZjm`gh]h
^bZf_ljZ, ijbe_]Zxs_c d jZ[hq_fm f_oZgbafm aZ^\b`db.
API SPEC 7:1997
13
5 <_^msb_ [mjbevgu_ ljm[u r_klb]jZggh]h beb d\Z^jZlgh]h
k_q_gby
5.1 JZaf_j, lbi b jZaf_ju
<_^msb_ [mjbevgu_ ljm[u ^he`gu bf_lv eb[h d\Z^jZlgh_, eb[h
r_klb]jZggh_ ihi_j_qgh_ k_q_gb_ b khhl\_lkl\h\Zlv ih lbim b
jZaf_jguf \_ebqbgZf ^Zgguf lZ[e. 2 b 3 b jbk. 2 b 3.
5.2 Baf_j_gb_ jZaf_jh\
5.2.1 Ijb\h^ghc mqZklhd
Ijb\h^ghc mqZklhd \k_o \_^msbo [mjbevguo ljm[ ^he`_g
ih^\_j]Zlvky dhgljhex gZ lhqghklv jZaf_jh\ k ijbf_g_gb_f dZeb[jZ-
\lmedb, khhl\_lkl\mxs_]h lZ[e. 4 b jbkmgdm 4.
5.2.2 Hl\_jklby
<k_ hl\_jklby \_^msbo [mjbevguo ljm[ ^he`gu ih^\_j]Zlvky
dhgljhex k ihfhsvx \gmlj_gg_]h rZ[ehgZ, bf_xs_]h ^ebgm fbgbfmf
10 nmlh\ (3.05 f). <gmlj_ggbc rZ[ehg ^he`_g bf_lv fbgbfZevguc
^bZf_lj, jZ\guc ghfbgZevghfm ^bZf_ljm hl\_jklby \_^ms_c [mjbevghc
ljm[u (klZg^Zjlguc beb \u[jZgguc) fbgmk
1
/
8
^xcfZ (3,2 fbeebf_ljZ).
5.3 Kh_^bg_gby
<_^msb_ [mjbevgu_ ljm[u ^he`gu [ulv kgZ[`_gu kh_^bg_gbyfb
gbii_evgh]h b fmnlh\h]h lbiZ, bf_xsbfb jZaf_ju b lbiu,
h[mkeh\e_ggu_ \ lZ[e. 2 b 3, b khhl\_lkl\mxsbfb lj_[h\Zgbyf jZa^_eZ 10.
IJBF?Q:GB?. >ey gb`gbo dhgph\ \_^msbo [mjbevguo ljm[
d\Z^jZlgh]h k_q_gby k jZaf_jZfb 4
1
/
4
b 5
1
/
4
, Z lZd`_ gb`gbo dhgph\
\_^msbo [mjbevguo ljm[ r_klb]jZggh]h k_q_gby k jZaf_jZfb 5
1
/
4
b 6,
klZg^Zjlgufb y\eyxlky h[Z lbiZ b jZaf_jZ kh_^bg_gbc. LZd`_ ^ey
\_^msbo r_klb]jZgguo [mjbevguo ljm[ k jZaf_jhf 5
1
/
4
ij_^mkfhlj_gu
API SPEC 7:1997
14
klZg^Zjlguc b ijhba\hevguc ^bZf_lj \gmlj_gg_]h hl\_jklby (kf.
lZ[e.3).
5.4 Dh\Zgu_ \_^msb_ [mjbevgu_ ljm[u k d\Z^jZlguf k_q_gb_f
Dh\Zgu_ \_^msb_ [mjbevgu_ ljm[u k d\Z^jZlguf k_q_gb_f
^he`gu ba]hlZ\eb\Zlvky lZdbf h[jZahf, qlh[u h[_am]e_jh`_gguc
ih\_joghklguc kehc [ue m^Ze_g \ ahgZo, hij_^_ey_fuo jZ^bmkZfb,
kh_^bgyxsbfb ijb\h^gmx k_dpbx k \_jog_c b gb`g_c \ukZ^dZfb, b
\uklmiZxsbo fbgbfmf gZ
1
/
8
^xcfZ (3,2 ff) aZ ij_^_eu, hij_^_ey_fu_
lhqdZfb dZkZgby jZ^bmkh\.
5.5 F_oZgbq_kdb_ k\hckl\Z
F_oZgbq_kdb_ k\hckl\Z \_^msbo [mjbevguo ljm[ ^he`gu ihke_
ba]hlh\e_gby khhl\_lkl\h\Zlv lj_[h\Zgbyf lZ[e. 5. Wlb k\hckl\Z
ke_^m_l ijh\_jylv iml_f f_oZgbq_kdbo bkiulZgbc h^gh]h h[jZapZ,
(bf_xs_]h k\hckl\Z, oZjZdl_jgu_ ^ey dhg_qgh]h ba^_eby) ba dZ`^hc
ieZ\db b ^ey dZ`^h]h jZaf_jZ ijmldZ ba wlhc ieZ\db.
5.6 FZjdbjh\dZ
<_^msb_ [mjbevgu_ ljm[u, ba]hlh\e_ggu_ \ khhl\_lkl\bb k
gZklhysbfb l_ogbq_kdbfb mkeh\byfb, ^he`gu ih^\_j]Zlvky de_cf_gbx
gZ gZjm`ghf ^bZf_lj_ \_jog_c \ukZ^db, ijb ke_^mxs_f kh^_j`Zgbb
de_cfZ: bfy beb fZjdZ ba]hlh\bl_ey, ' Spec7 ', jZaf_j b lbi \_jog_]h
kh_^bg_gby. GZ ih\_joghklv gZjm`gh]h ^bZf_ljZ gb`g_c \ukZ^db
^he`gh [ulv gZg_k_gh de_cfh, mdZau\Zxs__ jZaf_j b lbi gb`g_]h
kh_^bg_gby. Ijhgmf_jh\Zggu_ kh_^bg_gby (NC) ^he`gu bf_lv de_cfh k
h[hbfb h[hagZq_gbyfb NC b IF, dZd mdZaZgh \ lZ[e. 2 b 3.
Ijbf_j: \_^msZy [mjbevgZy ljm[Z d\Z^jZlgh]h k_q_gby k jZaf_jhf
4
1
/
2
, bf_xsZy \_jog__ fmnlh\h_ kh_^bg_gb_ k e_\hc j_av[hc 6
5
/
8
REG
^he`gZ bf_lv ke_^mxsmx fZjdbjh\dm:
GZ \_jog_f \ukZ`_gghf dhgp_:
API SPEC 7:1997
15
: < Co (beb fZjdZ) SPEC 7 6
5
/
8
REG LH
GZ gb`g_f gbii_evghf kh_^bg_gbb:
NK50 (4
1
/
2
IF)
(ijh^he`_gb_ gZ klj.19)
API SPEC 7:1997
16
LZ[ebpZ 2. <_^msb_ [mjbevgu_ ljm[u d\Z^jZlgh]h k_q_gby
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 6 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23
<_jog__ fmnlh\h_ kh_^bg_gb_
>ebgZ
ijb\h^ghc
k_dpbb,
nml
H[sZy
^ebgZ, nml Ijb\h^gZy k_dpby
JZaf_j b
lbi, e_\h_
GZjm-
`guc
^bZf_lj >bZf_lj nZkdb
Gb`g__ kh_^bg_gb_
gbii_evgh]h lbiZ
J
Z
a
f
_
j

\
_
^
m
s
_
c
[
m
j
b
e
v
g
h
c

l
j
m
[
u
K
l
Z
g
^
Z
j
l
g
Z
y
I
j
h
b
a
\
h
e
v
g
Z
y
K
l
Z
g
^
Z
j
l
g
Z
y
I
j
h
b
a
\
h
e
v
g
Z
y
F
_
`
^
m

]
j
Z
g
y
f
b
d
\
Z
^
j
Z
l
Z
F
_
`
^
m

j
_
[
j
Z
f
b
F
_
`
^
m

j
_
[
j
Z
f
b
J
Z
^
b
m
k
J
Z
^
b
m
k
F
b
g
b
f
Z
e
v
g
Z
y

l
h
e
s
b
g
Z
k
l
_
g
d
b

g
Z
^

h
l
\
_
j
k
l
b
_
f
K
l
Z
g
^
Z
j
l
g
u
c
I
j
h
b
a
\
h
e
v
g
u
c
K
l
Z
g
^
Z
j
l
g
u
c
I
j
h
b
a
\
h
e
v
g
u
c
>
e
b
g
Z
K
l
Z
g
^
Z
j
l
g
u
c
I
j
h
b
a
\
h
e
v
g
u
c
J
Z
a
f
_
j

b

l
b
i
G
Z
j
m
`
g
u
c

^
b
Z
f
_
l
j
>
e
b
g
Z
>
b
Z
f
_
l
j

n
Z
k
d
b
<
g
m
l
j
_
g
g
b
c

^
b
Z
f
_
l
j
(
Z
) (
b
)
(
b
) (
k
) (
k
) (
d
) (
e
) (
f
) (
g
) (
l
) (
h
) (
h
) (
i
) (
j
) (
j
) (
h
) (
i
) (
j
) (
k
)
L
D
L
D
L L D
FL
D
K
D
KK
R
C
R
CK
t D
U
D
U
L
U
D
F
D
F
D
LR
L
L
D
F
d
2
1
/
2
37 40 2
1
/
2
3
9
/
32
3.250
5
/
16
1
5
/
8
0.450 6
5
/
8
REG
4
1
/
2
REG
7
3
/
4
5
3
/
4
16 7
21
/
64
5
19
/
64
NC26
(2
3
/
8
IF)
3
3
/
8
20 3
17
/
64
1
1
/
4
3 37 40 3 3
15
/
16
3.875
3
/
8
1
15
/
16
0.450 6
5
/
8
REG
4
1
/
2
REG
7
3
/
4
5
3
/
4
16 7
21
/
64
5
19
/
64
NC31
(2
7
/
8
IF)
4
1
/
8
20 3
61
/
64
1
3
/
4
3
1
/
2
37 40 3
1
/
2
4
17
/
32
4.437
1
/
2
2
7
/
32
0.450 6
5
/
8
REG
4
1
/
2
REG
7
3
/
4
5
3
/
4
16 7
21
/
64
5
19
/
64
NC38
(3
1
/
2
IF)
4
3
/
4
20 4
37
/
64
2
1
/
4
4
1
/
4
37 51 40 54 4
1
/
4
5
9
/
16
5.500
1
/
2
2
3
/
4
0.475 6
5
/
8
REG
4
1
/
2
REG
7
3
/
4
5
3
/
4
16 7
21
/
64
5
19
/
64
NC46
(4 IF
)m
6
1
/
4
20 5
23
/
32
2
13
/
16
NC50
(4
1
/
2
IF
)m
6
3
/
8
20 6
1
/
16
2
13
/
16
5
1
/
4
37 51 40 54 5
1
/
4
6
29
/
32
6.750
5
/
8
3
3
/
8
0.625 6
5
/
8
REG
7
3
/
4
16 7
21
/
64
5
1
/
2
FH
m
7 20 6
23
/
32
3
1
/
4
NC56
m
7 20 6
47
/
64
3
1
/
4
IJBF?Q:GBY:
1. Kf. jbk. 2.
2. <k_ jZa f_ju ijb\_^_gu \ ^xcfZo djhf_ ^ebgu ijb\h^ghc k_dpbb b h[s_c ^ebgu, dhlhju_ mdZa Zgu \ nmlZo.
F_ljbq_kdmx lZ[ebpm kf. \ ijbeh`_gbb F.
Z
JZa f_j \_^ms_c [mjbevghc ljm[u d\Z^jZlgh]h k_q_gby lhl `_ kZfuc, qlh jZa f_j D
F L
f_`^m ]jZgyfb d\Z^jZlZ
( jZkklhygb_ f_`^m ijhlb\hiheh`gufb iehkdhklyfb) , mdZa Zg \ dhehgd_ 6.
b
>himkd gZ L
D ,
- +6, - 5.
k
>himkd gZ L, - 6, - 0.
d
>himkdb gZ D
F L
, jZa f_ju hl 2
1
/
2
^h 3
1
/
2
\de. :
5
/
6 4
, - 0; jZa f_ju 4
1
/
4
b 5
1
/
4
: +
3
/
3 2
, - 0. Ih \hijhkm bkiulZgbc
dZeb[jhf- \lmedhc kf. 5. 2.
e
>himkdb gZ D
C
, jZa f_ju 2
1
/
2
, 3 b 3
1
/
2
: +
1
/
8
, - 0; jZa f_ju 4
1
/
4
b 5
1
/
4
: +
5
/
3 2
, - 0.
f
>himkd gZ D
C C ,
- +0. 000 , - 0. 015.
g
>himkd gZ R
C
, \k_ jZa f_ju,
1
/
1 6
.
h
>himkd gZ D
U
b D
L R
, \k_ jZa f_ju,
1
/
3 2
.
i
>himkd gZ L
U
b L
L
, \k_ jZa f_ju, 2
1
/
2
, - 0.
j
>himkd gZ D
F
, \k_ jZa f_ju,
1
/
6 4
.
k
>himkd gZ d, \k_ jZa f_ju,
1
/
1 6
, - 0. Ih \hijhkm bkiulZgbc ijhoh^guf rZ[ehghf kf. 5. 2.
l
JZa f_j lhevdh ^ey kijZ\db.
m
Kf. Ijbf_qZgb_, 5. 3.

1
/
2
(12,7 ff)
3 R (76,2 ff)

1
/
2
(12,7 ff)
2 R (50,8 ff)
<_jogyy \ukZ^dZ
Kh_^bg_gb_ fmnlh\h_, e_\h_
Dhgnb]mjZpby j_[jZ
ih j_r_gbx
ba]hlh\bl_ey
Gb`gyy \ukZ^dZ
Kh_^bg_gb_ gbi-
i_evgh]h lbiZ,
ijZ\h_
Ijbf_qZgb_: Kf. lZ[e. 2.
Jbk. 2. <_^msb_ [mjbevgu_ ljm[u d\Z^jZlgh]h k_q_gby
API SPEC 7:1997
17
LZ[ebpZ 3. <_^msb_ [mjbevgu_ ljm[u r_klb]jZggh]h k_q_gby
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 6 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23
<_jog__ fmnlh\h_ kh_^bg_gb_
>ebgZ
ijb\h^ghc
k_dpbb,
nml
H[sZy
^ebgZ, nml Ijb\h^gZy k_dpby
JZaf_j b
lbi, e_\h_
GZjm`guc
^bZf_lj >bZf_lj nZkdb
Gb`g__ kh_^bg_gb_ gbii_evgh]h
lbiZ
J
Z
a
f
_
j

\
_
^
m
s
_
c
[
m
j
b
e
v
g
h
c

l
j
m
[
u
K
l
Z
g
^
Z
j
l
g
Z
y
I
j
h
b
a
\
h
e
v
g
Z
y
K
l
Z
g
^
Z
j
l
g
Z
y
I
j
h
b
a
\
h
e
v
g
Z
y
F
_
`
^
m

]
j
Z
g
y
f
b
r
_
k
l
b
]
j
Z
g
g
b
d
Z
F
_
`
^
m

j
_
[
j
Z
f
b
F
_
`
^
m

j
_
[
j
Z
f
b
J
Z
^
b
m
k
J
Z
^
b
m
k
F
b
g
b
f
Z
e
v
g
Z
y

l
h
e
s
b
g
Z
k
l
_
g
d
b

g
Z
^

h
l
\
_
j
k
l
b
_
f
K
l
Z
g
^
Z
j
l
g
u
c
I
j
h
b
a
\
h
e
v
g
u
c
K
l
Z
g
^
Z
j
l
g
u
c
I
j
h
b
a
\
h
e
v
g
u
c
>
e
b
g
Z
K
l
Z
g
^
Z
j
l
g
u
c
I
j
h
b
a
\
h
e
v
g
u
c
J
Z
a
f
_
j

b

l
b
i
G
Z
j
m
`
g
u
c

^
b
Z
f
_
l
j
>
e
b
g
Z
>
b
Z
f
_
l
j

n
Z
k
d
b
<
g
m
l
j
_
g
g
b
c

^
b
Z
f
_
l
j
(
Z
) (
b
)
(
b
) (
k
) (
k
) (
d
) (
e
) (
f
) (
e
) (
j
) (
e
) (
e
) (
g
) (
h
) (
h
) (
e
) (
g
) (
h
) (
i
)
L
D
L
D
L L D
FL
D
K
D
KK
R
C
R
CK
t D
U
D
U
L
U
D
F
D
F
D
LR
L
L
D
F
d
3 37 40 3 3
3
/
8
3.375
1
/
4
1
11
/
16
0.475 6
5
/
8
REG
4
1
/
2
REG
7
3
/
4
5
3
/
4
16 7
21
/
64
5
19
/
64
NC26
(2
3
/
8
IF)
3
3
/
8
20 3
17
/
64
1
1
/
4
3
1
/
2
37 40 3
1
/
2
3
31
/
32
3.937
1
/
4
1
31
/
32
0.525 6
5
/
8
REG
4
1
/
2
REG
7
3
/
4
5
3
/
4
16 7
21
/
64
5
19
/
64
NC31
(2
7
/
8
IF)
4
1
/
8
20 3
61
/
64
1
3
/
4
4
1
/
4
37
51
40
54
4
1
/
4
4
13
/
16
4.781
5
/
16
2
25
/
64
0.625 6
5
/
8
REG
4
1
/
2
REG
7
3
/
4
5
3
/
4
16 7
21
/
64
5
19
/
64
NC38
(3
1
/
2
IF)
4
3
/
4
20 4
37
/
64
2
1
/
4
5
1
/
4
37 51 40 54 5
1
/
4
5
31
/
32
5.900
3
/
8
2
61
/
64
0.625 6
5
/
8
REG
7
3
/
4
16 7
21
/
64
NC46
(4 IF
) k
6
1
/
4
20 5
23
/
32
3
k
NC50
(4
1
/
2
IF
) k
6
3
/
8
20 6
1
/
16
3
1
/
4
k
6 37 51 40 54 6 6
13
/
16
6.812
3
/
8
3
13
/
12
0.625 6
5
/
8
REG
7
3
/
4
16 7
21
/
64
5
1
/
2
FH
k
7 20 6
23
/
32
3
1
/
2
NC56
k
7 20 6
47
/
64
3
1
/
2
IJBF?Q:GBY:
1. Kf. jbk. 3.
2. <k_ jZa f_ju ijb\_^_gu \ ^xcfZo djhf_ ^ebgu ijb\h^ghc k_dpbb b h[s_c ^ebgu, dhlhju_ mdZa Zgu \ nmlZo.
F_ljbq_kdmx lZ[ebpm kf. \ ijbeh`_gbb F.
Z
JZa f_j \_^ms_c [mjbevghc ljm[u r_klb]jZggh]h k_q_gby lhl `_ kZfuc, qlh jZa f_j D
F L
f_`^m ]jZgyfb
r_klb]jZggbdZ ( jZkklhygb_ f_`^m ijhlb\hiheh`gufb iehkdhklyfb) , mdZa Zg \ dhehgd_ 6.
b
>himkd gZ L
D ,
+6, - 5.
k
>himkd gZ L, 6, - 0.
d
>himkdb gZ D
F L
, \k_ jZa f_ju:
1
/
3 2
, - 0; ih \hijhkm bkiulZgbc dZeb[jhf- \lmedhc kf. 5. 2.
e
>himkd gZ D
U
, D
L R
b R
C
, \k_ jZa f_ju,
1
/
3 2
.
f
>himkd gZ D
C C ,
+0. 000 , - 0. 015.
g
>himkd gZ L
U
b L
L
, \k_ jZa f_ju, 2
1
/
2
, - 0.
h
>himkd gZ D
F
,
1
/
6 4
.
i
>himkd gZ d, \k_ jZa f_ju,
1
/
1 6
, - 0. Ih \hijhkm bkiulZgbc ijhoh^guf rZ[ehghf kf. 5. 2.
j
JZa f_j lhevdh ^ey kijZ\db.
k
>ey \_^msbo r_klb]jZgguo [mjbevguo ljm[ jZa f_jhf 5
1
/
4
hl\_jklb_ 2
1 3
/
1 6
^he`gh [ulv ih \u[hjm a ZdZa qbdZ. Kf.
ijbf_qZgb_ 5. 3.

1
/2 (12,7 ff)
3 R (76,2 ff)

1
/2 (12,7 ff)
2 R (50,8 ff)
<_jogyy \ukZ^dZ
Kh_^bg_gb_ fmnlh\h_,
e_\h_
Dhgnb]mjZpby j_[jZ
ih j_r_gbx
ba]hlh\bl_ey
Gb`gyy \ukZ^dZ
Kh_^bg_gb_ gbi-
i_evgh]h lbiZ,
ijZ\h_
Ijbf_qZgb_: Kf. lZ[e. 3.
Jbk. 3. <_^msb_ [mjbevgu_ ljm[u r_klb]jZggh]h k_q_gby
API SPEC 7:1997
18
LZ[ebpZ 4. DZeb[j-\lmedZ ^ey \_^msbo [mjbevguo ljm[
JZkklhygb_ f_`^m ]jZgyfb
FZdkbfZevguc jZ^bmk kdjm]e_gby
JZaf_j \_^ms_c
[mjbevghc
ljm[u
FbgbfZevgZy
^ebgZ dZeb[jZ,
L
G
D\Z^jZlgh_
k_q_gb_,
D
FL
R_klb]jZggh_ k_q_gb_,
D
FL
D\Z^jZlgh_ k_q_gb_,
R
S
R_klb]jZggh_ k_q_gb_,
R
H
2
1
/
2
10 2.594
1
/
4

3 10 3.094 3.036
5
/
16
3
/
16
3
1
/
2
10 3.594 3.536
7
/
16
3
/
16
4
1
/
4
12 4.375 4.286
7
/
16
1
/
4
5
1
/
4
12 5.375 5.286
9
/
16
5
/
16
6 12 6.036
5
/
16
IJBF?Q:GBY:
1. Kf. jbk. 4.
2. <k_ jZa f_ju \ ^xcfZo. Kf. Ijbeh`_gb_ F ih \hijhkm f_ljbq_kdbo lZ[ebp.
3. >himkd gZ D
F L
ijb \k_o jZa f_jZo 0. 005, - 0. 000.
4. >himkd gZ ghfbgZevgu_ \gmlj_ggb_ m] eu f_`^m iehkdhklyfb 0 , 30 .
Jbk. 4. DZeb[j-\lmedZ ^ey \_^msbo [mjbevguo ljm[
LZ[ebpZ 5. F_oZgbq_kdb_ k\hckl\Z b bkiulZgby gh\uo \_^msbo
[mjbevguo ljm[ (\k_ jZaf_ju)
GZjm`guc ^bZf_lj
gb`g_c \ukZ^db
FbgbfZevguc ij_^_e
l_dmq_klb gb`g_c \ukZ^db,
nmgl gZ d\Z^jZlguc ^xcf
FbgbfZevgZy ijhqghklv gZ
jZkly`_gb_ gb`g_c \ukZ^db, nmgl gZ
d\Z^jZlguc ^xcf
FbgbfZevgh_
m^ebg_gb_, ijhp_gl
FbgbfZevgZy l\_j^hklv ih
;jbg_eex, BHN
3
3
/
8
-6
7
/
8
110000 140000 13 285
7 100000 135000 13 285
IJBF?Q:GBY:
1. F_oZgbq_kdb_ k\hckl\Z ^he`gu hij_^_eylvky ijb bkiulZgbyo gZ jZkly`_gb_ pbebg^jbq_kdbo h[jZa ph\ \
khhl\_lkl\bb k ^_ckl\mxsbf klZg^Zjlhf ASTM :370, ih f_lh^m hklZlhqghc ^_nhjfZpbb 0, 2, ijb bkiheva h\Zgbb
ij_^ihqlbl_evgh h[jZa ph\ ^bZf_ljhf 0. 500 ^xcfZ, b h[jZa ph\ ^bZf_ljhf 0, 350 ^xcfZ b 0. 250 ^xcfZ \ kemqZ_
lhgdbo k_q_gbc.
2. H[jZa pu ^ey bkiulZgbc gZ jZkly`_gb_ fZl_jbZeZ \_^msbo [mjbevguo ljm[ ke_^m_l hl[bjZlv ba gb`g_c \ukZ^db
\ ijh^hevghf gZijZ\e_gbb, ijb jZkiheh`_gbb p_gljZevghc ebgbb h[jZa pZ gZ jZkly`_gb_ gZ jZkklhygbb 1 ^xcf hl
gZjm`ghc ih\_joghklb, beb ihk_j_^bg_ k_q_gby, kfhljy qlh f_gvr_.
3. Ijh\_^_gb_ bkiulZgbc gZ jZkly`_gb_ gZ \_jog_c \ukZ^d_ g_ y\ey_lky g_h[oh^bfuf beb p_e_khh[jZa guf.
FbgbfZevgh_ a gZq_gb_ l\_j^hklb ih ;jbg_eex 285 y\ey_lky ^hklZlhqguf k\b^_l_evkl\hf m^h\e_l\hjbl_evghklb
f_oZgbq_kdbo oZjZdl_jbklbd. BkiulZgby gZ l\_j^hklv ^he`gu ijh\h^blvky gZ gZjm`ghf ^bZf_lj_ \_jog_c
\ukZ^db f_lh^hf ;jbg_eey ( ijb_fe_fuf Zevl_jgZlb\guf f_lh^hf y\ey_lky ba f_j_gb_ ih Jhd\_eem- K) ,
khhl\_lkl\mxsbf ^_ckl\mxs_fm klZg^Zjlm ASTM :370.
API SPEC 7:1997
19
6 ;mjbevgu_ aZfdb
6.1 JZaf_ju b lbiu [mjbevguo aZfdh\
;mjbevgu_ aZfdb ^he`gu [ulv ijb\Zj_ggh]h lbiZ b ^he`gu bf_lv
jZaf_ju b h[hagZq_gby, mdZaZggu_ \ lZ[e. 7.
6.2 F_oZgbq_kdb_ k\hckl\Z
F_oZgbq_kdb_ oZjZdl_jbklbdb [mjbevguo aZfdh\ ihke_
ba]hlh\e_gby g_ ^he`gu [ulv gb`_ fbgbfZevguo agZq_gbc, mdZaZgguo
\ lZ[e. 6.
6.2.1 F_lh^ g_jZajmrZxsbo bkiulZgbc ^ey ijh\_jdb f_oZgbq_kdbo
k\hckl\ [mjbevguo aZfdh\ hij_^_ey_lky ba]hlh\bl_e_f.
6.2.2 Hij_^_e_gb_ f_oZgbq_kdbo k\hckl\ gbii_evghc qZklb kh_^bg_gby
jZajmrZxsbf f_lh^hf ^he`gh ijhba\h^blvky kh]eZkgh ihke_^g_fm
ba^Zgbx klZg^ZjlZ ASTM :370 Ba^_eby klZevgu_. F_lh^u bkiulZgbc
b hij_^_e_gby ^ey bkiulZgbc f_oZgbq_kdbo oZjZdl_jbklbd. IZjZf_lju
h[jZaph\ ^he`gu [ulv ke_^mxsbfb:
Z. H[jZapu ^he`gu hl[bjZlvky ba f_klZ, mdZaZggh]h gZ jbk. 5.
b. H[jZapu ^he`gu hl[bjZlvky iZjZee_evgh hkb [mjbevgh]h
aZfdZ.
c. BkiulZgby ke_^m_l ijh\h^blv gZ h[jZap_ ^bZf_ljhf 0.500
^xcfZ (12,7 ff), bkihevamy f_lh^ hklZlhqghc ^_nhjfZpbb 0,2.
?keb k_q_gb_ gbii_evghc qZklb \ mklZgh\e_gghf f_kl_
g_^hklZlhqgh ^ey hl[hjZ bkiulZl_evgh]h h[jZapZ ^bZf_ljhf 0,500 ff
(12,7 ff), fh]ml [ulv bkihevah\Zgu h[jZapu ^bZf_ljhf 0,350 ^xcfZ
(8,9 ff) b 0,25 ^xcfZ (6,4 ff).
?keb k_q_gb_ gbii_evghc qZklb \ mklZgh\e_gghf f_kl_
g_^hklZlhqgh ^ey hl[hjZ h[jZapZ ^ey bkiulZgbc gZ jZkly`_gb_
^bZf_ljhf 0,250 ^xcfZ (6,4 ff) | ijb jZkq_lghc ^ebg_ 1,00 ^xcf (25
ff)| beb [he__, fbgbfZevgh_ agZq_gb_ l\_j^hklb ih ;jbg_eex 285
API SPEC 7:1997
20
y\ey_lky ^hklZlhqguf k\b^_l_evkl\hf m^h\e_l\hjbl_evguo
f_oZgbq_kdbo k\hckl\. BkiulZgby gZ l\_j^hklv ke_^m_l ijh\h^blv \
f_kl_, mdZaZgghf gZ jbk. 5.
6.2.3 Hij_^_e_gb_ f_oZgbq_kdbo k\hckl\ ijb bkiulZgbyo gZ jZkly`_gb_
k jZajmr_gb_f g_ y\ey_lky g_h[oh^bfuf beb p_e_khh[jZaguf ^ey
fmnlh\uo kh_^bg_gbc. FbgbfZevgh_ agZq_gb_ l\_j^hklb ih ;jbg_eex
285 ^he`gh jZkkfZljb\Zlvky dZd ^hklZlhqgh_ k\b^_l_evkl\h
m^h\e_l\hjbl_evguo f_oZgbq_kdbo k\hckl\. BkiulZgby gZ l\_j^hklv
ke_^m_l ijh\h^blv \ f_kl_, mdZaZgghf gZ jbk. 5.
6.3 Lj_[h\Zgby d jZaf_jZf
;mjbevgu_ aZfdb ^he`gu khhl\_lkl\h\Zlv jZaf_jZf, mdZaZgguf \
lZ[e. 7. < iZjZ]jZnZo 6.3.1, 6.3.2 b 6.3.3 mdZaZgu bkdexq_gby ba wlbo
mkeh\bc.
6.3.1 GZjm`guc ^bZf_lj (OD) b \gmlj_ggbc ^bZf_lj (ID)
JZaf_ju D b d (gZjm`guc b \gmlj_ggbc ^bZf_lju), mdZaZggu_ \
lZ[e. 7, ^Zxl hlghr_gb_ agZq_gbc ijhqghklb gZ kdjmqb\Zgb_ [mjbevguo
aZfdh\ b [mjbevguo ljm[ jZ\gh_ ijb[ebabl_evgh 0,8 beb [he__.
LZ[ebpZ 6. F_oZgbq_kdb_ k\hckl\Z gh\uo [mjbevguo aZfdh\ \
f_klZo, ihdZaZgguo gZ jbkmgd_ 5 (\k_ jZaf_ju)
FbgbfZevguc ij_^_e
l_dmq_klb
FbgbfZevguc ij_^_e
ijhqghklb gZ jZkly`_gb_
nmgl gZ d\.
^xcf G/ff
2
nmgl gZ d\.
^xcf G/ff
2
FbgbfZevgh_
hlghkbl_evgh_
m^ebg_gb_,
Ijhp_glu
Fbgb-
fZevgZy
l\_j^hklv
ih
;jbg_eex
aZfdh\hc
fmnlu
120000 827.4 140000 965.3 13 285
>jm]b_ agZq_gby gZjm`gh]h b \gmlj_gg_]h ^bZf_ljh\ [mjbevguo
aZfdh\ \hafh`gu, dh]^Z dhgkljmdpby [mjbevghc dhehggu hkgh\u\Z_lky
API SPEC 7:1997
21
gZ lj_[h\Zgbyo d ij_^_em ijhqghklb gZ jZkly`_gb_, Z g_ gZ
lj_[h\Zgbyo d ij_^_em ijhqghklb gZ kdjmqb\Zgb_, gZijbf_j \ kemqZ_
dhf[bgbjh\Zgguo dhehgg h[kZ^guo ljm[.
JZaf_j d, mdZaZgguc \ lZ[e. 7, g_ ijbf_gy_lky d aZfdh\uf fmnlZf.
<gmlj_ggbc ^bZf_lj aZfdh\hc fmnlu y\ey_lky ijhba\hevguf.
6.3.2 <ukhlZ f_klZ mklZgh\db dexqZ b ^ebgu
<ukhlZ f_klZ mklZgh\db dexqZ gZ kh_^bg_gbb gbii_evgh]h lbiZ,
L
PB
, b \ukhlZ f_klZ mklZgh\db dexqZ gZ kh_^bg_gbb fmnlh\h]h lbiZ, L
B
,
mdZaZggu_ \ lZ[e. 7, y\eyxlky fbgbfZevgufb b fh]ml [ulv m\_ebq_gu.
H[sZy ^ebgZ gbii_ey [mjbevgh]h aZfdZ, L
P
, b L, dhf[bgbjh\ZggZy
^ebgZ gbii_ey b fmnlu aZfdZ, mdZaZggu_ \ lZ[e. 7, m\_ebqb\Zxlky ijb
m\_ebq_gbb \ukhlu f_klZ mklZgh\db dexqZ gZ gbii_e_ b gZ aZfdh\hc
fmnl_.
6.3.3 <ukZ^dZ we_\ZlhjZ (\ukZ`_gguc dhg_p)
D
PE
, D
SE
, b D
TE
, ^bZf_lj gbii_evghc qZklb \ukZ^db we_\ZlhjZ b
^bZf_lj fmnlu \ukZ^db we_\ZlhjZ, ijbf_gyxlky d ]hlh\uf
dhgkljmdpbyf [mjbevguo ljm[ \ k[hj_ ihke_ ijb\Zjb\Zgby [mjbevguo
aZfdh\ d ljm[Zf.
6.4 Lj_[h\Zgby d ahg_ k\Zjdb [mjbevguo ljm[/[mjbevguo aZfdh\
6.4.1 Hij_^_e_gby
IJBF?Q:GB?. Wlb hij_^_e_gby ijbf_gyxlky lhevdh d jZa^_em
6.4.
6.4.1.1 iZjlby: ]jmiiZ k\Zjguo r\h\ ijb ijb\Zjb\Zgbb ljm[ d
[mjbevguf aZfdZf, ijhba\_^_ggZy \ _^bgbqghf g_ij_ju\ghf beb
ij_ju\Z_fhf ijhba\h^kl\_gghf pbde_, k bkihevah\Zgb_f h^ghc
ijhr_^r_c d\ZebnbdZpbhggmx hp_gdm l_ogheh]bb (WPS b WPQ).
API SPEC 7:1997
22
JZaf_ju iZjlbb y\eyxlky hkgh\hc ^ey hij_^_e_gby qZklhlu bkiulZgbc
k\Zjgh]h r\Z.
6.4.1.2 j_]bkljZpby d\ZebnbdZpbhgghc ijhp_^mju (PQR):
hnbpbZevguc ibkvf_gguc ^hdmf_gl, m^hklh\_jyxsbc, qlh ^Zggu_
l_ogbq_kdb_ mkeh\by k\Zjhqghc l_ogheh]bb (WPS) m^h\e_l\hjyxl
lj_[h\Zgbyf gZklhysbo l_ogbq_kdbo mkeh\bc. Wlhl ^hdmf_gl kh^_j`bl
^Zggu_ h k\Zjd_ [mjbevgh]h maeZ b j_amevlZlu bkiulZgbc h[jZaph\,
hlh[jZgguo ba bkiulu\Z_fh]h k\Zjgh]h kh_^bg_gby.
6.4.1.3 i_j_f_ggu_, kms_kl\_ggu_: i_j_f_ggu_ iZjZf_lju, baf_g_gb_
dhlhjuo \eby_l gZ f_oZgbq_kdb_ k\hckl\Z k\Zjguo kh_^bg_gbc.
Baf_g_gb_ kms_kl\_gguo iZjZf_ljh\ lj_[m_l ih\lhjghc
d\ZebnbdZpbhgghc hp_gdb l_ogbq_kdbo mkeh\bc k\Zjhqghc l_ogheh]bb
(WPS).
6.4.1.4 i_j_f_ggu_, g_kms_kl\_ggu_: i_j_f_ggu_ iZjZf_lju,
baf_g_gb_ dhlhjuo g_ lj_[m_l ih\lhjghc d\ZebnbdZpbhgghc hp_gdb
l_ogbq_kdbo mkeh\bc k\Zjhqghc l_ogheh]bb (WPS).
6.4.1.5 d\ZebnbdZpbhggZy hp_gdZ jZ[hlu k\ZjsbdZ (WPQ):
hnbpbZevguc ^hdmf_gl, m^hklh\_jyxsbc, qlh hi_jZlhj k\Zjhqghc
fZrbgu ijh^_fhgkljbjh\Ze kihkh[ghklv ijbf_gylv l_ogbq_kdb_
mkeh\by k\Zjhqghc l_ogheh]bb (WPS) ^ey ijhba\h^kl\Z k\Zjguo
kh_^bg_gbc, m^h\e_l\hjyxsbo lj_[h\Zgbyf gZklhysbo l_ogbq_kdbo
mkeh\bc.
6.4.1.6 l_ogbq_kdb_ mkeh\by k\Zjhqghc l_ogheh]bb (WPS):
hnbpbZevgh baeh`_ggZy l_ogheh]by, ih^]hlh\e_ggZy ^ey jmdh\h^kl\Z
ijb ijhba\h^kl\_ k\Zjguo r\h\ \ khhl\_lkl\bb k lj_[h\Zgbyfb
gZklhysbo l_ogbq_kdbo mkeh\bc. Wlhl ^hdmf_gl ^he`_g \dexqZlv \k_
kms_kl\_ggu_ b g_kms_kl\_ggu_ iZjZf_lju ijb k\Zjd_ [mjbevguo
aZfdh\ b [mjbevguo ljm[. L_ogbq_kdb_ mkeh\by (WPS) ijbf_gyxlky dh
\k_f k\Zjguf r\Zf, dZ`^uc we_f_gl dhlhjuo bf__l lZdb_ `_
API SPEC 7:1997
23
mklZgh\e_ggu_ ghfbgZevgu_ jZaf_ju b lZdhc `_ obfbq_kdbc khklZ\,
dZdb_ khhl\_lkl\mxl hij_^_e_gghc ]jmii_ kh]eZkgh ^hdmf_glm, qlh
]ZjZglbjm_l ij_^kdZam_fuc j_amevlZl ijb l_jfhh[jZ[hld_ ahgu k\Zjdb
dhgdj_lghc fZjdb.
API SPEC 7:1997
24
LZ[ebpZ 7. JZaf_ju [mjbevguo aZfdh\ ^ey fZjhd [mjbevguo ljm[
E75, X95, G105 b S135
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
;mjbevgZy ljm[Z ;mjbevguc aZfhd
H[hagZq_gb_
[mjbevgh]h
aZfdZ
Z
JZaf_j
b lbi
Ghfb-
gZev-
guc
\_k
b
,
nmgl/
nml
FZj
dZ
klZe
b
GZjm`-
guc
^bZf_lj
gbii_ey
b fmnlu
aZfdZ,

1
/
32
<gmlj_g
gbc
^bZf_lj
gbii_ey
k
+
1
/
64
-
1
/
32
>bZf_lj
nZkdb
aZie_qb-
dh\
gbii_ey
b fmnlu
aZfdZ,

1
/
64
H[sZy
^ebgZ
gbii_ey
[mjbev-
gh]h
aZfdZ,
+
1
/
4
-
3
/
8
<ukhlZ
f_klZ
^ey
mklZgh\-
db
dexqZ gZ
gbii_e_,

1
/
4
<ukhlZ
f_klZ
^ey
mklZgh\-
db
dexqZ gZ
fmnl_,

1
/
4
Dhf[bgbj
h\ZggZy
^ebgZ
gbii_ey b
fmnlu
aZfdZ, 1/2
>bZf_lj
gbii_ey gZ
\ukZ^d_
we_\ZlhjZ,
fZdkbfZev
guc
>bZf_lj
fmnlu
gZ
\ukZ^d_
we_\Z-
lhjZ,
fZdkb-
fZevguc
Dhwnnbpb_g
l djmq_gby
gbii_ey d
[mjbevghc
ljm[_.
D d D
F
L
P
L
PB
L
B
L D
PE
D
LE
NC26 (2
3
/
8
IF) 2
3
/
8
EU 6.65 E75 3
3
/
8
1
3
/
4
3
17
/
64
10 7 8 15 2
9
/
16
2
9
/
16
1.10
X95 3
3
/
8
1
3
/
4
3
17
/
64
10 7 8 15 2
9
/
16
2
9
/
16
0.87
G105 3
3
/
8
1
3
/
4
3
17
/
64
10 7 8 15 2
9
/
16
2
9
/
16
0.79
NC31 (2
7
/
8
IF) 2
7
/
8
.EU 10.40 E75 4
1
/
8
2
1
/
8
3
61
/
64
10
1
/
2
7 9 16 3
3
/
16
3
3
/
16
1.03
X95 4
1
/
8
2 3
61
/
64
l0
1
/
2
7 9 16 3
3
/
16
3
3
/
16
0.90
G105 4
1
/
8
2 3
61
/
64
l0
1
/
2
7 9 16 3
3
/
16
3
3
/
16
0.82
S135 4
3
/
8
1
5
/
8
3
61
/
64
10
1
/
2
7 9 16 3
3
/
16
3
3
/
16
0.82
NC38
d
3
1
/
2
EU 9.50 E75 4
3
/
4
3 4
37
/
64
11
1
/
2
d
8 l0
1
/
2
l8
1
/
2
3
7
/
8
3
7
/
8
0.91
NC38 (3
1
/
2
IF) 3
1
/
2
EU 13.30 E75 4
3
/
4
2
11
/
16
4
37
/
64
12 8 l0
1
/
2
l8
1
/
2
3
7
/
8
3
7
/
8
0.98
X95 5 2
9
/
16
4
37
/
64
12 8 l0
1
/
2
l8
1
/
2
3
7
/
8
3
7
/
8
0.87
G105 5 2
7
/
16
4
37
/
64
12 8 l0
1
/
2
l8
1
/
2
3
7
/
8
3
7
/
8
0.86
S135 5 2
1
/
8
4
37
/
64
12 8 l0
1
/
2
l8
1
/
2
3
7
/
8
3
7
/
8
0.80
15.50 E75 5 2
9
/
16
4
37
/
64
12 8 l0
1
/
2
l8
1
/
2
3
7
/
8
3
7
/
8
0.97
X95 5 2
7
/
16
4
37
/
64
12 8 l0
1
/
2
l8
1
/
2
3
7
/
8
3
7
/
8
0.83
G105 5 2
1
/
8
4
37
/
64
12 8 l0
1
/
2
l8
1
/
2
3
7
/
8
3
7
/
8
0.90
NC40(4 FH) 3
1
/
2
EU 15.50 S135 5
1
/
2
2
1
/
4
5
1
/
64
11
1
/
2
7 10 17 3
7
/
8
3
7
/
8
0.87
4 IU 14.00 E75 5
1
/
4
2
13
/
16
5
1
/
64
11
1
/
2
7 10 17 4
3
/
16
4
3
/
16
1.01
X95 5
1
/
4
2
11
/
16
5
1
/
64
11
1
/
2
7 10 17 4
3
/
16
4
3
/
16
0.86
G105 5
1
/
2
2
7
/
16
5
1
/
64
11
1
/
2
7 10 17 4
3
/
16
4
3
/
16
0.93
S135 5
1
/
2
2 5
1
/
64
11
1
/
2
7 10 17 4
3
/
16
4
3
/
16
0.87
NC46 (4 IF) 4 EU 14.00 E75 6 3
1
/
4
5
23
/
32
11
1
/
2
7 10 17 4
1
/
2
4
1
/
2
1.43
X95 6 3
1
/
4
5
23
/
32
11
1
/
2
7 10 17 4
1
/
2
4
1
/
2
1.13
G105 6 3
1
/
4
5
23
/
32
11
1
/
2
7 10 17 4
1
/
2
4
1
/
2
1.02
S135 6 3 5
23
/
32
11
1
/
2
7 10 17 4
1
/
2
4
1
/
2
0.94
4
1
/
2
IU 13.75 E75 6 3
3
/
8
5
23
/
32
11
1
/
2
7 10 17 4
11
/
16
4
11
/
16
1.20
4
1
/
2
IEU 16.60 E75 6
1
/
4
3
1
/
4
5
23
/
32
11
1
/
2
7 10 17 4
11
/
16
4
11
/
16
1.09
X95 6
1
/
4
3 5
23
/
32
11
1
/
2
7 10 17 4
11
/
16
4
11
/
16
1.01
G105 6
1
/
4
3 5
23
/
32
11
1
/
2
7 10 17 4
11
/
16
4
11
/
16
0.91
S135 6
1
/
4
2
3
/
4
5
23
/
32
11
1
/
2
7 10 17 4
11
/
16
4
11
/
16
0.81
4
1
/
2
IEU 20.00 E75 6
1
/
4
3 5
23
/
32
11
1
/
2
7 10 17 4
11
/
16
4
11
/
16
1.07
X95 6
1
/
4
2
3
/
4
5
23
/
32
11
1
/
2
7 10 17 4
11
/
16
4
11
/
16
0.96
G105 6
1
/
4
2
1
/
2
5
23
/
32
11
1
/
2
7 10 17 4
11
/
16
4
11
/
16
0.96
S135 6
1
/
4
2
1
/
4
5
23
/
32
11
1
/
2
7 10 17 4
11
/
16
4
11
/
16
0.81
NC50(4
1
/
2
IF) 4
1
/
2
EU 13.75 E75 6
5
/
8
3
7
/
8
6
1
/
16
11
1
/
2
7 10 17 5 5 1.32
4
1
/
2
EU 16.60 E75 6
5
/
8
3
3
/
4
6
1
/
16
11
1
/
2
7 10 17 5 5 1.23
X95 6
5
/
8
3
3
/
4
6
1
/
16
11
1
/
2
7 10 17 5 5 0.97
G105 6
5
/
8
3
3
/
4
6
1
/
16
11
1
/
2
7 10 17 5 5 0.88
S135 6
5
/
8
3
1
/
2
6
1
/
16
11
1
/
2
7 10 17 5 5 0.81
IJBF?Q:GBY:
1. Kf. jbk. 6.
2. <k_ jZaf_ju \ ^xcfZo. F_ljbq_kdb_ lZ[ebpu \ ijbeh`_gbb F.
3. >bZf_lju r_cdb \ukZ^db (D
PE
b D
TE
) b \gmlj_ggbc ^bZf_lj (d) [mjbevguo aZfdh\ i_j_^ k\Zjdhc hij_^_eyxlky ba]hlh\bl_e_f. LZ[ebpZ \ur_
mklZgZ\eb\Z_l jZaf_ju ihke_ hdhgqZl_evghc f_oZgbq_kdhc h[jZ[hldb dhgkljmdpbb.
4. < ijbeh`_gb_ I \dexq_gu jZaf_ju mklZj_\rbo dhgkljmdpbc b we_\Zlhjh\ k ijyfhm]hevgufb mihjgufb aZie_qbdZfb.
Z
H[hagZq_gb_ [mjbevgh]h aZfdZ mdZau\Z_l jZaf_j b lbi ijbf_gy_fh]h kh_^bg_gby.
b
GhfbgZevgu_ \_kZ, j_av[u b fmnlu ihdZaZgu ^ey p_e_c h[hagZq_gby ijb aZdZa_.
c
<gmlj_ggbc ^bZf_lj g_ ijbf_gy_lky ^ey fmnlh\uo we_f_glh\ kh_^bg_gbc, dhlhju_ hij_^_eyxlky ba]hlh\bl_e_f.
d
>ebgZ j_av[u gbii_evghc qZklb mf_gvr_gZ ^h 3
1
/
2
^xcfZ (gZ
1
/
2
^xcfZ dhjhq_) k p_evx kh]eZkh\Zgby k \gmlj_ggbf ^bZf_ljhf 3 ^xcfZ.
API SPEC 7:1997
25
LZ[ebpZ 7. JZaf_ju [mjbevguo aZfdh\ ^ey fZjhd [mjbevguo ljm[
E75, X95, G105 b S135 (ijh^he`_gb_)
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
;mjbevgZy ljm[Z ;mjbevguc aZfhd
H[hagZq_gb_
[mjbevgh]h
aZfdZ
Z
JZaf_j
b lbi
Ghfb-
gZev-
guc
\_k
b
,
nmgl/
nml
FZj
-dZ
klZe
b
GZjm`-
guc
^bZf_lj
gbii_ey
b fmnlu
aZfdZ,

1
/
32
<gmlj_g
-gbc
^bZf_lj
gbii_ey
k
+
1
/
64
-
1
/
32
>bZf_lj
nZkdb
aZie_qb-
dh\
gbii_ey
b fmnlu
aZfdZ,

1
/
64
H[sZy
^ebgZ
gbii_ey
[mjbev-
gh]h
aZfdZ,
+
1
/
4
-
3
/
8
<ukhlZ
f_klZ
^ey
mklZgh\-
db
dexqZ gZ
gbii_e_,

1
/
4
<ukhlZ
f_klZ
^ey
mklZgh\-
db
dexqZ gZ
fmnl_,

1
/
4
Dhf[bgb-
jh\ZggZy
^ebgZ
gbii_ey b
fmnlu
aZfdZ, 1/2
>bZf_lj
gbii_ey gZ
\ukZ^d_
we_\ZlhjZ,
fZdkbfZev
guc
>bZf_lj
fmnlu
gZ
\ukZ^d_
we_\Z-
lhjZ,
fZdkb-
fZevguc
Dhwnnbpb_g
l djmq_gby
gbii_ey d
[mjbevghc
ljm[_.
D d D
F
L
P
L
PB
L
B
L D
PE
D
LE
4
1
/
2
EU 20.00 E75 6
5
/
8
3
5
/
8
6
1
/
16
11
1
/
2
7 10 17 5 5 1.02
X95 6
5
/
8
3
1
/
2
6
1
/
16
11
1
/
2
7 10 17 5 5 0.96
G105 6
5
/
8
3
1
/
2
6
1
/
16
11
1
/
2
7 10 17 5 5 0.86
S135 6
5
/
8
3 6
1
/
16
11
1
/
2
7 10 17 5 5 0.87
5 IEU 19.50 E75 6
5
/
8
3
3
/
4
6
1
/
16
11
1
/
2
7 10 17 5
1
/
8
5
1
/
8
0.92
X95 6
5
/
8
3
1
/
2
6
1
/
16
11
1
/
2
7 10 17 5
1
/
8
5
1
/
8
0.86
G105 6
5
/
8
3
1
/
4
6
1
/
16
11
1
/
2
7 10 17 5
1
/
8
5
1
/
8
0.89
S135 6
5
/
8
2
3
/
4
6
1
/
16
11
1
/
2
7 10 17 5
1
/
8
5
1
/
8
0.86
5 IEU 25.60 E75 6
5
/
8
3
1
/
2
6
1
/
16
11
1
/
2
7 10 17 5
1
/
8
5
1
/
8
0.86
X95 6
5
/
8
3 6
1
/
16
11
1
/
2
7 10 17 5
1
/
8
5
1
/
8
0.86
G105 6
5
/
8
2
3
/
4
6
1
/
16
11
1
/
2
7 10 17 5
1
/
8
5
1
/
8
0.87
5
1
/
2
FH 5 IEU 19.50 E75 7 3
3
/
4
6
23
/
32
13 8 10 18 5
1
/
8
5
1
/
8
1.53
X95 7 3
3
/
4
6
23
/
32
13 8 10 18 5
1
/
8
5
1
/
8
1.21
G105 7 3
3
/
4
6
23
/
32
13 8 10 18 5
1
/
8
5
1
/
8
1.09
S135 7
1
/
4
3
1
/
2
6
23
/
32
13 8 10 18 5
1
/
8
5
1
/
8
0.98
5 IEU 25.60 E75 7 3
1
/
2
6
23
/
32
13 8 10 18 5
1
/
8
5
1
/
8
1.21
X95 7 3
1
/
2
6
23
/
32
13 8 10 18 5
1
/
8
5
1
/
8
0.95
G105 7
1
/
4
3
1
/
2
6
23
/
32
13 8 10 18 5
1
/
8
5
1
/
8
0.99
S135 7
1
/
4
3
1
/
4
6
23
/
32
13 8 10 18 5
1
/
8
5
1
/
8
0.83
5
1
/
2
IEU 21.90 E75 7 4 6
23
/
32
13 8 10 18 5
11
/
16
5
11
/
16
1.11
X95 7 3
3
/
4
6
23
/
32
13 8 10 18 5
11
/
16
5
11
/
16
0.98
G105 7
1
/
4
3
1
/
2
6
23
/
32
13 8 10 18 5
11
/
16
5
11
/
16
1.02
S135 7
1
/
4
3 7
3
/
32
13 8 10 18 5
11
/
16
5
11
/
16
0.96
5
1
/
2
IEU 24.70 E75 7 4 6
23
/
32
13 8 10 18 5
11
/
16
5
11
/
16
0.99
X95 7
1
/
4
3
1
/
2
6
23
/
32
13 8 10 18 5
11
/
16
5
11
/
16
1.01
G105 7
1
/
4
3
1
/
2
6
23
/
32
13 8 10 18 5
11
/
16
5
11
/
16
0.92
S135 7
1
/
2
3 7
3
/
32
13 8 10 18 5
11
/
16
5
11
/
16
0.86
6
5
/
8
FH 6
5
/
8
IEU 25.20 E75 8 5 7
45
/
64
13 8 11 19 6
15
/
16
6
15
/
16
1.04
X95 8 5 7
45
/
64
13 8 11 19 6
15
/
16
6
15
/
16
0.82
G105 8
1
/
4
4
3
/
4
7
45
/
64
13 8 11 19 6
15
/
16
6
15
/
16
0.87
S135 8
1
/
2
4
1
/
4
7
45
/
64
13 8 11 19 6
15
/
16
6
15
/
16
0.86
6
5
/
8
IEU 27.70 E75 8 5 7
45
/
64
13 8 11 19 6
15
/
16
6
15
/
16
0.96
X95 8
1
/
4
4
3
/
4
7
45
/
64
13 8 11 19 6
15
/
16
6
15
/
16
0.89
G105 8
1
/
4
4
3
/
4
7
45
/
64
13 8 11 19 6
15
/
16
6
15
/
16
0.81
S135 8
1
/
2
4
1
/
4
7
45
/
64
13 8 11 19 6
15
/
16
6
15
/
16
0.80
IJBF?Q:GBY:
1. Kf. jbk. 6.
2. <k_ jZaf_ju \ ^xcfZo. F_ljbq_kdb_ lZ[ebpu \ ijbeh`_gbb F.
3. >bZf_lju r_cdb \ukZ^db (D
PE
b D
TE
) b \gmlj_ggbc ^bZf_lj (d) [mjbevguo aZfdh\ i_j_^ k\Zjdhc hij_^_eyxlky ba]hlh\bl_e_f. LZ[ebpZ \ur_
mklZgZ\eb\Z_l jZaf_ju ihke_ hdhgqZl_evghc f_oZgbq_kdhc h[jZ[hldb dhgkljmdpbb.
4. < Ijbeh`_gbb I hij_^_eyxlky jZaf_ju mklZj_\rbo dhgkljmdpbc b we_\Zlhjh\ k ijyfhm]hevgufb mihjgufb aZie_qbdZfb.
Z
H[hagZq_gb_ [mjbevgh]h aZfdZ mdZau\Z_l jZaf_j b lbi ijbf_gy_fh]h kh_^bg_gby.
b
GhfbgZevgu_ \_kZ, j_av[u b fmnlu ihdZaZgu ^ey p_e_c h[hagZq_gby ijb aZdZa_.
c
<gmlj_ggbc ^bZf_lj g_ ijbf_gy_lky ^ey fmnlh\uo we_f_glh\ kh_^bg_gbc, dhlhju_ hij_^_eyxlky ba]hlh\bl_e_f.
d
>ebgZ j_av[u fmnlh\hc qZklb mf_gvr_gZ ^h 3
1
/
2
^xcfZ (gZ
1
/
2
^xcfZ dhjhq_) k p_evx kh]eZkh\Zgby k \gmlj_ggbf ^bZf_ljhf 3 ^xcfZ.
API SPEC 7:1997
26
6.4.2 Lj_[h\Zgby d k\Zjd_
Ba]hlh\bl_ev ^he`_g jZajZ[hlZlv ijhp_^mjm k\Zjdb (WPS b PQR),
ijbf_gy_fmx ^ey ijb\Zjb\Zgby [mjbevgh]h aZfdZ d [mjbevghc ljm[_, b
\uihegblv __ d\ZebnbdZpbhggmx hp_gdm. < l_ogbq_kdbo mkeh\byo
(WPS) ^he`gu [ulv mdZaZgu kms_kl\_ggu_ b g_kms_kl\_ggu_
iZjZf_lju. J_]bkljZpby d\ZebnbdZpbhgghc ijhp_^mju (PQR) ^he`gZ
\dexqZlv j_amevlZlu \k_o f_oZgbq_kdbo bkiulZgbc, i_j_qbke_gguo \
6.4.5. K\ZjdZ \k_o iZjlbc ^he`gZ ijh\h^blvky \ khhl\_lkl\bb k
ijhp_^mjhc, ijhr_^r_c d\ZebnbdZpbhggmx hp_gdm (WPS b PQR).
Ba]hlh\bl_ev ^he`_g ijh\_klb Zll_klZpbx hi_jZlhjh\ k\Zjhqguo
fZrbg \ khhl\_lkl\bb k d\ZebnbdZpbhgghc hp_gdhc jZ[hlu k\ZjsbdZ
(WPQ), mklZgh\e_gghc ^ey dZ`^uo l_ogbq_kdbo mkeh\bc (WPS),
ijbf_gy_fuo hi_jZlhjhf.
6.4.3 L_jfhh[jZ[hldZ
6.4.3.1 AhgZ k\Zjdb ^he`gZ [ulv ih^\_j]gmlZ Zmkl_gbaZpbb, hoeZ`^_gZ
gb`_ l_fi_jZlmju i_j_oh^Z, hlims_gZ ijb l_fi_jZlmj_ g_ gb`_ 1100F
(593K) fbgbfmf. WlZ ahgZ ^he`gZ [ulv lZd`_ ih^\_j]gmlZ
l_jfhh[jZ[hld_ hl gZjm`gh]h ^bZf_ljZ d \gmlj_gg_fm b gZ jZkklhygbb
hl ebgbb k\Zjgh]h r\Z ^h f_klZ, ]^_ ijhbkoh^bl baf_g_gb_
gZijZ\e_gby ebgbc k^\b]Z \ fZl_jbZe_ [mjbevgh]h aZfdZ b [mjbevghc
ljm[u \ j_amevlZl_ ijhp_kkZ k\Zjdb.
6.4.3.2 >ey hij_^_e_gby khhl\_lkl\by lj_[h\Zgbyf imgdlZ 6.4.3.1
^he`gu [ulv bkihevah\Zgu h[jZapu, ij_^gZagZq_ggu_ ^ey
jZajmrZxsbo bkiulZgbc.
Ijh^hevgh_ k_q_gb_, bf_xs__ ^hklZlhqgmx ^ebgm ^ey \dexq_gby
iheghc ahgu l_ieh\h]h \ha^_ckl\by (HAZ), \hagbdZxs_c \ke_^kl\b_
l_jfhh[jZ[hldb, ^he`gh [ulv khhl\_lkl\mxsbf h[jZahf ih^]hlh\e_gh
b ijhljZ\e_gh ^ey hij_^_e_gby jZkiheh`_gby wlhc ahgu ih hlghr_gbx
d ebgbb k\Zjgh]h r\Z b ihi_j_qghc ieZklbq_kdhc ^_nhjfZpbb a_j_g.
API SPEC 7:1997
27
LZdh_ ijhljZ\e_ggh_ k_q_gb_ bkihevam_lky ^ey ih^l\_j`^_gby, qlh
h[jZa_p ^ey bkiulZgbc gZ jZkly`_gb_ (kf. 6.4.5.2) \dexqZ_l \kx ahgm
l_ieh\h]h \ha^_ckl\by (HAZ), k\yaZggmx k l_jfhh[jZ[hldhc jZkq_lghc
^ebgu h[jZapZ.
6.4.4 MijZ\e_gb_ l_ogheh]bq_kdbf ijhp_kkhf. Ih\_joghklgZy
l\_j^hklv
DZ`^Zy ahgZ k\Zjgh]h r\Z ^he`gZ ih^\_j]Zlvky bkiulZgbyf gZ
l\_j^hklv \ lj_o lhqdZo, jZkiheh`_gguo ih^ m]ehf 120, 15 ]jZ^mkh\,
\h \k_o ahgZo l_ieh\h]h \ha^_ckl\by, k\yaZgguo k l_jfhh[jZ[hldhc
gZjm`ghc ih\_joghklb. F_lh^ bkiulZgbc gZ l\_j^hklv \u[bjZ_lky
ba]hlh\bl_e_f. L\_j^hklv ahgu l_ieh\h]h \ha^_ckl\by \ ahg_ k\Zjgh]h
r\Z, k\yaZggZy k l_jfhh[jZ[hldhc, g_ ^he`gZ ij_\urZlv 37 HRC.
6.4.5 F_oZgbq_kdb_ bkiulZgby
IJBF?Q:GB?. Kf. ijbeh`_gb_ :, ^hihegbl_evgu_ lj_[h\Zgby.
6.4.5.1 H^bg gZ[hj f_oZgbq_kdbo bkiulZgbc ke_^m_l \uihegylv gZ
dZ`^hc iZjlbb beb 400 r\Zo, kfhljy qlh f_gvr_.
6.4.5.2 AgZq_gby ij_^_eZ l_dmq_klb \ ahg_ k\Zjdb ke_^m_l hij_^_eylv \
bkiulZgbyo gZ pbebg^jbq_kdbo h[jZapZo gZ jZkly`_gb_, hlh[jZgguo ba
f_kl, mdZaZgguo gZ jbk. 7, b \ khhl\_lkl\bb k lj_[h\Zgbyfb ihke_^g_]h
ba^Zgby klZg^ZjlZ ASTM :370, ih f_lh^m hklZlhqghc ^_nhjfZpbb
0,2. Ij_^ihqlbl_evgu h[jZapu ^bZf_ljhf 0,500 ^xcfZ, Z \ kemqZ_
lhgdbo k_q_gbc ih^oh^ysbf Zevl_jgZlb\guf \ZjbZglhf y\eyxlky
h[jZapu ^bZf_ljhf 0,350 b 0,250 ^xcfZ.
Ijhba\_^_gb_ agZq_gby ij_^_eZ l_dmq_klb h[jZapZ ^ey bkiulZgbc
gZ jZkly`_gb_ gZ iehsZ^v ihi_j_qgh]h k_q_gby ahgu k\Zjdb ^he`gh
[ulv [hevr_ q_f ijhba\_^_gb_ ghfbgZevgh]h fbgbfZevgh]h ij_^_eZ
l_dmq_klb [mjbevghc ljm[u gZ iehsZ^v __ ihi_j_qgh]h k_q_gby,
API SPEC 7:1997
28
ihemq_ggmx bkoh^y ba jZaf_jh\, mklZgh\e_gguo ^ey gZjm`gh]h b
\gmlj_gg_]h ^bZf_ljh\ \ l_ogbq_kdbo mkeh\byo API 5D. Wlhl f_lh^
jZkq_lZ iehsZ^b ihi_j_qgh]h k_q_gby ahgu k\Zjdb hkgh\Zg gZ
ke_^mxs_c nhjfme_:
A
w
= 0,7854 (D
2
- d
2
)
=^_:
D fbgbfZevguc ^himklbfuc gZjm`guc ^bZf_lj,
mklZgh\e_gguc ba]hlh\bl_e_f;
d fZdkbfZevguc ^himklbfuc \gmlj_ggbc ^bZf_lj,
mklZgh\e_gguc ba]hlh\bl_e_f.
6.4.5.3 M^Zjgu_ bkiulZgby ih RZjib gZ h[jZapZo k V-h[jZaguf
gZ^j_ahf, khhl\_lkl\mxsb_ ihke_^g_fm ba^Zgbx klZg^ZjlZ ASTM
:370, ^he`gu \uihegylvky gZ lj_o h[jZapZo, ijh^hevgh_ gZijZ\e_gb_
dhlhjuo iZjZee_evgh hkb ljm[u, ijb jZ^bZevghc hjb_glZpbb gZ^j_aZ
kh]eZkgh ko_f_ jbk. 8. Dh]^Z wlh \hafh`gh, ke_^m_l ijbf_gylv ihegu_
h[jZapu 10 fbeebf_ljh\ 10 fbeebf_ljh\. BkiulZgby ^he`gu
\dexqZlv ljb ijh^hevguo h[jZapZ. P_glj gZ^j_aZ h[jZapZ ^he`_g
jZkiheZ]Zlvky gZ klud_ k\Zjgh]h r\Z. Lj_[h\Zgby d m^Zjghc ijhqghklb
h[jZaph\ mf_gvr_ggh]h jZaf_jZ mdZaZgu \ lZ[e. 8.
Kj_^gbc j_amevlZl ih lj_f h[jZapZf g_ ^he`_g [ulv f_gvr_ 12
nml-nmgl. FbgbfZevguc j_amevlZl ^ey h^gh]h h[jZapZ g_ ^he`_g [ulv
f_gvr_ 10 nml-nmgl.
L_fi_jZlmjZ bkiulZgbc ^he`gZ [ulv 70F, 5F (21K, -2,8K).
BkiulZgby, \uiheg_ggu_ ijb ihgb`_gguo l_fi_jZlmjZo b
m^h\e_l\hjyxsb_ mklZgh\e_gguf \ur_ lj_[h\Zgbyf d bkiulZgbyf,
y\eyxlky ijb_fe_fufb.
6.4.5.4 BkiulZgby gZ ihi_j_qguc [hdh\hc ba]b[, \ khhl\_lkl\bb k
Dh^_dkhf ASME ih dhleZf b khkm^Zf, jZ[hlZxsbf ih^ ^Z\e_gb_f,
jZa^_e IX, iZjZ]jZnu QW-161.1 b QW-162.1, ^he`gu \uihegylvky gZ
API SPEC 7:1997
29
^\mo h[jZapZo, hlh[jZgguo ba ahgu k\Zjdb bkiulu\Z_fh]h h[t_dlZ.
AhgZ k\Zjdb ^he`gZ gZoh^blvky \ p_glj_ ijh^hevguo h[jZaph\.
BkiulZl_evgu_ h[jZapu ^he`gu bf_lv ihegmx lhesbgm kl_gdb,
rbjbgm ijb[ebabl_evgh
3
/
8
^xcfZ, b ^ebgm fbgbfmf 6 ^xcfh\.
LZ[ebpZ 8. Lj_[h\Zgby d ijhqghklb gZ m^Zj h[jZaph\
mf_gvr_ggh]h jZaf_jZ
JZaf_j h[jZaph\
ff ff
Ijhp_gl lj_[h\Zgbc
Hij_^_e_gh \ 6.4.5.3
10 10 100
10 7.5 80
AhgZ k\Zjdb ^he`gZ gZoh^blvky iheghklvx \ ij_^_eZo bah]gmlhc
qZklb h[jZapZ ihke_ ba]b[Zgby. H^bg h[jZa_p ^he`_g [ulv bah]gml \
dZ`^hf gZijZ\e_gbb hlghkbl_evgh hkb ljm[u (ih qZkh\hc klj_ed_ b
ijhlb\ qZkh\hc klj_edb).
Ba]b[Z_fu_ \ hijZ\d_ h[jZapu g_ ^he`gu bf_lv \ ahg_ k\Zjdb
hldjulu_ ^_n_dlu, jZaf_j dhlhjuo ij_\urZ_l
1
/
8
^xcfZ, ijb
baf_j_gbb \ ex[hf gZijZ\e_gbb gZ \uimdehc ih\_joghklb h[jZapZ
ihke_ ba]b[Zgby. Lj_sbgu, \hagbdZxsb_ \ m]eZo h[jZapZ, g_ ^he`gu
mqblu\Zlvky, _keb lhevdh g_ hq_\b^gh, qlh hgb \ua\Zgu \dexq_gbyfb
beb ^jm]bfb \gmlj_ggbfb ^_n_dlZfb.
6.4.5.5 J_amevlZlu bkiulZgbc gZ l\_j^hklv gZ ihi_j_qghf k_q_gbb
ljm[u \ ahg_ l_ieh\h]h \ha^_ckl\by, k\yaZgghc k l_jfhh[jZ[hldhc,
^he`gu [ulv lZdbfb, dZd ihdZaZgh gZ jbk. 9. AgZq_gby l\_j^hklb g_
^he`gu ij_\urZlv 37 HRC. AgZq_gb_ l\_j^hklb y\ey_lky kj_^g_c
\_ebqbghc ih lj_f ihdZaZgbyf ih f_lh^m Jhd\_eeZ-K, ihemq_gguf gZ
jZkklhygbb hl 0,100 ^h 0,250 ^xcfZ hl gZjm`ghc b \gmlj_gg_c
ih\_joghkl_c ljm[u b [mjbevgh]h aZfdZ ih klhjhgZf hl ebgbb k\Zjgh]h
r\Z. IhdZaZgby l\_j^hklb ^he`gu kgbfZlvky \ ij_^_eZo qZklb ahgu
l_ieh\h]h \ha^_ckl\by, ih^\_j]gm\r_cky ih\lhjghc Zmkl_gbaZpbb.
API SPEC 7:1997
30
6.4.6 Ih\lhjgu_ bkiulZgby k\Zjguo ahg
6.4.6.1 Ih\lhjgu_ bkiulZgby gZ ih\_joghklgmx l\_j^hklv
<k_ k\Zjgu_ r\u, bf_xsb_ l\_j^hklv \ur_ 37 HRC, ^he`gu
ih^\_j]Zlvky ih\lhjguf bkiulZgbyf beb hl[jZdh\d_. Ijb ex[uo
agZq_gbyo l\_j^hklb \ur_ 37 HRC ke_^m_l ihemqblv \ [ebae_`Zs_c
h[eZklb _s_ h^gh agZq_gb_ l\_j^hklb.
?keb gh\h_ agZq_gb_ l\_j^hklb g_ ij_\urZ_l 37 HRC, gh\Zy
\_ebqbgZ l\_j^hklb [m^_l jZkkfZljb\Zlvky dZd ijb_fe_fZy. ?keb gh\h_
agZq_gb_ l\_j^hklb ij_\urZ_l 37 HRC, k\Zjghc rh\ ^he`_g [ulv
hl[jZdh\Zg.
Ba]hlh\bl_ev fh`_l ijbgylv j_r_gb_ ijh\_klb ih\lhjgmx
h[jZ[hldm k\Zjgh]h r\Z \ khhl\_lkl\bb k ijhr_^r_c
d\ZebnbdZpbhggmx hp_gdm ijhp_^mjhc, b ih\lhjgu_ bkiulZgby
k\Zjgh]h r\Z \ khhl\_lkl\bb k 6.4.4.
6.4.6.2 Ih\lhjgu_ bkiulZgby gZ l\_j^hklv ih lhesbg_ kl_gdb
Ex[u_ k\Zjgu_ bkiulZl_evgu_ h[jZapu, bf_xsb_ agZq_gby
l\_j^hklb \ur_ 37 HRC, ^he`gu ih^\_j]Zlvky ih\lhjguf bkiulZgbyf,
beb iZjlby, ij_^klZ\e_ggZy bkiulZl_evguf h[jZaphf, ^he`gZ [ulv
hl[jZdh\ZgZ. >ey ex[h]h bkiulZl_evgh]h h[jZapZ, bf_xs_]h agZq_gb_
l\_j^hklb \ur_ 37 HRC, ih\_joghklv bkiulZgbc fh`_l [ulv ih\lhjgh
hlrebnh\ZgZ b bkiulZgZ kh]eZkgh 6.4.5.5.
?keb agZq_gby l\_j^hklb ijb ih\lhjguo bkiulZgbyo g_
ij_\urZxl 37 HRC, ihemq_ggu_ \_ebqbgu l\_j^hklb y\eyxlky
ijb_fe_fufb. ?keb dZdh_-eb[h agZq_gb_ l\_j^hklb ijb ih\lhjguo
bkiulZgbyo ij_\urZ_l 37 HRC, iZjlby k\Zjguo r\h\, ij_^klZ\ey_fZy
^Zgguf bkiulZl_evguf h[jZaphf, ^he`gZ [ulv hl[jZdh\ZgZ.
Ba]hlh\bl_ev fh`_l ijbgylv j_r_gb_ \uihegblv ih\lhjgmx
h[jZ[hldm \k_c iZjlbb \ khhl\_lkl\bb k ijhr_^r_c d\ZebnbdZpbhggmx
API SPEC 7:1997
31
hp_gdm ijhp_^mjhc b bkiulZgby f_oZgbq_kdbo k\hckl\ kh]eZkgh 6.4.4 b
6.4.5.
6.4.6.3 Ih\lhjgu_ bkiulZgby gZ jZkly`_gb_
?keb h[jZa_p ^ey bkiulZgbc gZ jZkly`_gb_, ij_^klZ\eyxsbc
iZjlbx k\Zjguo r\h\, g_ m^h\e_l\hjy_l mklZgh\e_gguf lj_[h\Zgbyf,
ba]hlh\bl_ev fh`_l ijbgylv j_r_gb_ ijh\_klb ih\lhjgu_ bkiulZgby
lh]h `_ bkiulZl_evgh]h h[jZapZ kh k\Zjguf r\hf. ?keb ih\lhjgh
bkiulZgguc h[jZa_p m^h\e_l\hjy_l lj_[h\Zgbyf d oZjZdl_jbklbdZf gZ
jZkly`_gb_, \k_ k\Zjgu_ r\u iZjlbb ^he`gu [ulv ijbgylu. ?keb
ih\lhjgh bkiulZgguc h[jZa_p g_ m^h\e_l\hjy_l lj_[h\Zgbyf d
oZjZdl_jbklbdZf gZ jZkly`_gb_, iZjlby ^he`gZ [ulv hl[jZdh\ZgZ.
Ba]hlh\bl_ev fh`_l ijbgylv j_r_gb_ \uihegblv ih\lhjgmx
h[jZ[hldm \k_c iZjlbb \ khhl\_lkl\bb k ijhr_^r_c d\ZebnbdZpbhggmx
hp_gdm ijhp_^mjhc b bkiulZgby f_oZgbq_kdbo k\hckl\ kh]eZkgh 6.4.4 b
6.4.5.
6.4.6.4 Ih\lhjgu_ m^Zjgu_ bkiulZgby
?keb kj_^g__ agZq_gb_ ih]ehs_gby wg_j]bb ^ey gZ[hjZ h[jZaph\,
ij_^klZ\eyxs_]h iZjlbx, f_gvr_ mklZgh\e_ggh]h fbgbfZevgh]h
kj_^g_]h ih]ehs_gby wg_j]bb, beb _keb h^gh agZq_gb_ ih]ehs_gby
wg_j]bb f_gvr_ fbgbfZevgh]h, lh fh]ml [ulv \uiheg_gu ih\lhjgu_
bkiulZgby lj_o ^hihegbl_evguo h[jZaph\ ba lh]h `_ k\Zjgh]h
bkiulZl_evgh]h h[jZapZ. Kj_^g__ agZq_gb_ ih]ehs_gby wg_j]bb b
fbgbfZevgh_ agZq_gb_ ih]ehs_gby wg_j]bb ijb ih\lhjguo bkiulZgbyo
h[jZaph\ ^he`gu [ulv jZ\gu beb ij_\urZlv agZq_gby, mklZgh\e_ggu_
lj_[h\Zgbyfb ih ih]ehs_gbx wg_j]bb, beb iZjlby ^he`gZ [ulv
hl[jZdh\ZgZ.
Ba]hlh\bl_ev fh`_l ijbgylv j_r_gb_ \uihegblv ih\lhjgmx
h[jZ[hldm \k_c iZjlbb \ khhl\_lkl\bb k ijhr_^r_c d\ZebnbdZpbhggmx
API SPEC 7:1997
32
hp_gdm ijhp_^mjhc b bkiulZgby f_oZgbq_kdbo k\hckl\ kh]eZkgh 6.4.4 b
6.4.5.
6.4.6.5 Ih\lhjgu_ bkiulZgby gZ ihi_j_qguc [hdh\hc ba]b[ \
hijZ\d_
?keb h^bg beb h[Z h[jZapZ ^ey bkiulZgbc gZ ba]b[ \ hijZ\d_ g_
m^h\e_l\hjyxl mklZgh\e_gguf lj_[h\Zgbyf, ba]hlh\bl_ev fh`_l
ijbgylv j_r_gb_ \uihegblv bkiulZgby ^\mo ^hihegbl_evguo h[jZaph\
ba lh]h `_ kZfh]h k\Zjgh]h bkiulZl_evgh]h h[jZapZ. ?keb h[Z h[jZapZ
^ey ih\lhjguo bkiulZgbc m^h\e_l\hjyxl mklZgh\e_gguf lj_[h\Zgbyf,
iZjlby kqblZ_lky ijbgylhc. ?keb h^bg beb h[Z h[jZapZ ^ey ih\lhjguo
bkiulZgbc g_ m^h\e_l\hjyxl mklZgh\e_gguf lj_[h\Zgbyf, iZjlby
^he`gZ [ulv hl[jZdh\ZgZ.
Ba]hlh\bl_ev fh`_l ijbgylv j_r_gb_ \uihegblv ih\lhjgmx
h[jZ[hldm \k_c iZjlbb \ khhl\_lkl\bb k ijhr_^r_c d\ZebnbdZpbhggmx
hp_gdm ijhp_^mjhc b bkiulZgby f_oZgbq_kdbo k\hckl\ kh]eZkgh 6.4.4 b
6.4.5.
6.4.7 <bamZevguc dhgljhev
DZ`^Zy \ukZ^dZ ]hlh\hc [mjbevghc ljm[u, ahgZ k\Zjdb, [mjbevguc
aZfhd \ k[hj_ ^he`gu ih^\_j]Zlvky \bamZevghfm dhgljhex, hgb g_
^he`gu bf_lv hkljuo m]eh\ beb j_adbo baf_g_gbc k_q_gby. <gmlj_gg__
kljh_gb_ ]hlh\hc [mjbevghc ljm[u \ k[hj_ ^he`gh iha\heylv
ijbf_g_gb_ djxdhh[jZagh]h bgkljmf_glZ k m]ehf 90, ijb
ijhly]b\Zgbb dhlhjh]h q_j_a ahgu k\Zjdb b \ukZ^db g_ ^he`gh
ijhbkoh^blv aZ\bkZgby.
6.4.8 Dhgljhev khhkghklb
FZdkbfZevgZy g_khhkghklv f_`^m ijh^hevgufb hkyfb [mjbevguo
ljm[ b ijb\Zj_ggufb [mjbevgufb aZfdZfb ijb baf_j_gbyo ih
gZjm`ghfm ^bZf_ljm [mjbevghc ljm[u b gZb[hevr_fm ^bZf_ljm
[mjbevgh]h aZfdZ g_ ^he`gZ ij_\urZlv 0,165 ^xcfZ ih h[s_fm
API SPEC 7:1997
33
ihdZaZgbx ijb[hjZ ^ey baf_j_gby iZjZee_evghc g_khhkghklb b 0,008
^xcfZ gZ dZ`^uc ^xcf ijb baf_j_gbb m]eh\hc g_khhkghklb gZ ljm[Zo
4
1
/
2
^xcfZ b [he__, b 0,010 ^xcfZ gZ ^xcf ijb baf_j_gbyo m]eh\hc
g_khhkghklb gZ ljm[Zo f_g__ 4
1
/
2
^xcfZ.
6.4.9 Dhgljhev \eZ`guf fZ]gblh-exfbg_kp_glguf f_lh^hf
<ky gZjm`gZy ih\_joghklv ahgu k\Zjdb ^he`gZ ih^\_j]Zlvky
dhgljhex \eZ`guf fZ]gblh-exfbg_kp_glguf f_lh^hf gZ gZebqb_
ihi_j_qguo ^_n_dlh\. <k_ h[gZjm`_ggu_ g_kh\_jr_gkl\Z ^he`gu
jZkkfZljb\Zlvky dZd ^_n_dlu.
>_n_dlu fh]ml [ulv m^Ze_gu k ihfhsvx rebnh\Zgby ijb
mkeh\bb, qlh hklZxsZyky lhesbgZ kl_gdb g_ f_gvr_ fbgbfZevghc
\_ebqbgu, mklZgh\e_gghc ba]hlh\bl_e_f ^ey ahgu k\Zjdb. <k_ h[eZklb
rebnh\Zgby ^he`gu [ulv jZ\ghf_jgh k]eZ`_gu.
G_m^Ze_ggu_ ^_n_dlu y\eyxlky ijbqbghc hl[jZdh\db.
6.4.10 MevljZa\mdh\hc dhgljhev
DZ`^Zy ahgZ k\Zjdb ^he`gZ ih^\_j]Zlvky mevljZa\mdh\hfm
dhgljhex ih hdjm`ghklb, ijb gZijZ\e_gbb emqZ g_ihkj_^kl\_ggh gZ
k\Zjghc rh\. Ke_^m_l ijbf_gylv h[hjm^h\Zgb_ ^ey mevljZa\mdh\h]h
dhgljhey kh k^\b]h\ufb \hegZfb/m]eh\ufb imqdZfb, iha\heyxs__
ijhba\h^blv ijh^he`bl_evguc b g_ij_ju\guc dhgljhev ih \k_c ahg_
k\Zjgh]h r\Z. Dhgljhev ke_^m_l ijbf_gylv \ khhl\_lkl\bb k
^hdmf_glbjh\Zgghc ijhp_^mjhc ba]hlh\bl_ey. Ij_h[jZah\Zl_ev,
dhlhjuc ^he`_g [ulv ijyfhm]hevghc nhjfu b bf_lv qZklhlm 2,25 F=p,
mklZgZ\eb\Z_lky gZ expblh\hf debg_ k m]ehf 45 ]jZ^mkh\ 5 ]jZ^mkh\.
Ex[h_ hljZ`_gb_, ij_\urZxs__ kb]gZe hl dZeb[jh\Zggh]h
wlZehggh]h hljZ`Zl_ey, ^he`gh jZkkfZljb\Zlvky dZd hkgh\Zgb_ ^ey
hl[jZdh\db ahgu k\Zjdb.
WlZehg ke_^m_l bkihevah\Zlv ^ey ijh\_jdb wnn_dlb\ghklb jZ[hlu
dhgljhevgh]h h[hjm^h\Zgby b ijhp_^mj ih djZcg_c f_j_ h^bg jZa \
API SPEC 7:1997
34
l_q_gb_ jZ[hq_c kf_gu. H[hjm^h\Zgb_ ^he`gh [ulv ohjhrh
hlj_]mebjh\Zgh b ^he`gh kha^Z\Zlv q_ldbc kb]gZe ijb kdZgbjh\Zgbb
wlZehgZ kihkh[hf, bfblbjmxsbf dhgljhev ba^_ebc. WlZehg ^he`_g
[ulv ba]hlh\e_g ba g_ kh^_j`Zs_c ^_n_dlh\ k_dpbb fZl_jbZeZ
[mjbevghc ljm[u, \ k[hj_ bf_xs_c lZdhc `_ ^bZf_lj b lhesbgm
kl_gdb, dZd b ijhoh^ys__ dhgljhev ba^_eb_. WlZehg fh`_l bf_lv
ex[mx ih^oh^ysmx ^ebgm, mklZgh\e_ggmx ba]hlh\bl_e_f.
WlZehg ^he`_g \dexqZlv ijhk\_je_ggu_ gZkd\hav hl\_jklby,
ihdZaZggu_ gZ jbk. 10.
6.4.11 :ll_klZpby i_jkhgZeZ g_jZajmrZxsbo bkiulZgbc (NDT)
Ba]hlh\bl_ev ^he`_g jZajZ[hlZlv ijh]jZffm Zll_klZpbb i_jkhgZeZ
g_jZajmrZxsbo bkiulZgbc. < dZq_kl\_ jmdh\h^kl\Z ke_^m_l
bkihevah\Zlv ihke_^g__ ba^Zgb_ :f_jbdZgkdh]h h[s_kl\Z
g_jZajmrZxsbo bkiulZgbc J_dhf_g^m_fu_ f_lh^bdb No. SNT-TC-1A.
Jmdh\h^kl\h ijh]jZffhc Zll_klZpbb i_jkhgZeZ g_jZajmrZxsbo
bkiulZgbc hkms_kl\ey_lky ba]hlh\bl_e_f.
6.5 Kh_^bg_gby
Kh_^bg_gby ^he`gu khhl\_lkl\h\Zlv ijbf_gy_fuf lj_[h\Zgbyf
jZa^_eZ 10. IjZ\Zy j_av[Z kqblZ_lky klZg^Zjlghc. E_\Zy j_av[Z \
khhl\_lkl\bb k gZklhysbfb l_ogbq_kdbfb mkeh\byfb ^he`gZ
jZkkfZljb\Zlvky dZd ^himklbfZy.
6.6 FZjdbjh\dZ
6.6.1 GZ \ukhl_ f_klZ ^ey mklZgh\db dexqZ gZ [mjbevghf aZfd_ ^he`gh
[ulv de_cfh kh ke_^mxsbf kh^_j`Zgb_f:
Z. Bfy ba]hlh\bl_ey beb fZjdZ.
b. Spec 7 .
c. H[hagZq_gb_ [mjbevgh]h aZfdZ, mdZaZggh_ \ dhehgd_ 1 lZ[e.7.
6.6.2 GZ hkgh\Zgbb gbii_ey [mjbevgh]h aZfdZ ^he`gh [ulv de_cfh k
fZjdbjh\dhc, ihdZaZggh_ gZ jbk. 11. FZjdbjh\dZ ^he`gZ ijhba\h^blvky
API SPEC 7:1997
35
dhfiZgb_c, hkms_kl\eyxs_c ijbkh_^bg_gb_ [mjbevguo aZfdh\ d
[mjbevguf ljm[Zf, k p_evx b^_glbnbdZpbb dhfihg_glh\ [mjbevguo
dhehgg.
6.6.3 >hihegbl_evgu_ fZjdbjh\db, ijbf_gy_fu_ ba]hlh\bl_e_f,
gZijbf_j ghf_jh\ qZkl_c [mjbevguo aZfdh\, dh^h\ dhgljhe_jZ dZq_kl\Z
beb l_ogheh]bb ba]hlh\e_gby, y\eyxlky ^himklbfufb.
Jbk. 5. JZkiheh`_gb_ h[jZaph\ ^ey bkiulZgbc gZ jZkly`_gb_ b
f_klZ ^ey bkiulZgbc gZ l\_j^hklv
Jbk. 6. ;mjbevguc aZfhd, dhgbq_kdb_ aZie_qbdb, ijyfhm]hevgu_
aZie_qbdb
API SPEC 7:1997
36
Jbk. 7. JZkiheh`_gb_ h[jZapZ ^ey bkiulZgbc gZ jZkly`_gb_
Jbk. 8. JZkiheh`_gb_ b hjb_glZpby h[jZaph\ ^ey m^Zjguo
bkiulZgbc
Jbk. 9. F_klZ ^ey bkiulZgbc gZ l\_j^hklv
API SPEC 7:1997
37
Jbk. 10. WlZehg
Jbk. 11. Ijbf_ju fZjdbjh\db gZ hkgh\Zgbb gbii_ey
7 I_j_\h^gbdb [mjbevghc dhehggu
7.1 DeZkk b lbi
I_j_\h^gbdb [mjbevguo dhehgg ^he`gu ihklZ\eylvky ijb deZkkZo
b lbiZo, mdZaZgguo \ lZ[e. 9 b gZ jbk. 12 b 14.
API SPEC 7:1997
38
7.2 JZaf_ju lbih\ A b B
7.2.1 Kh_^bg_gby, ^bZf_lju nZkhd, b gZjm`gu_ ^bZf_lju
JZaf_ju kh_^bg_gbc, lbiu b ^bZf_lju nZkhd (D
F
) b gZjm`gu_
^bZf_lju (D beb D
R
) ^he`gu khhl\_lkl\h\Zlv ijbf_gy_fuf jZaf_jZf,
lbiZf, qbkeh\uf jZaf_jZf b ^himkdZf, mklZgh\e_gguf \ lZ[e. 2 b 3 ^ey
kh_^bg_gbc k \_^msbfb [mjbevgufb ljm[Zfb, lZ[e. 13 ^ey kh_^bg_gbc
k mly`_e_ggufb [mjbevgufb ljm[Zfb, b \ lZ[e. 21, 22 b 24 ^ey
kh_^bg_gbc k [mjh\ufb dhjhgdZfb.
7.2.2 <gmlj_ggb_ ^bZf_lju
<gmlj_ggbc ^bZf_lj (d) b ^himkdb ^he`gu [ulv jZ\gu
\gmlj_ggbf ^bZf_ljZf, mklZgh\e_gguf ^ey ijbf_gy_fuo
kh_^bgbl_evguo we_f_glh\, bf_xsbo f_gvrb_ jZaf_ju b lbiu
kh_^bg_gbc.
7.2.3 >bZf_lj \gmlj_gg_c nZkdb
>bZf_lj \gmlj_gg_c nZkdb (d
B
) gbii_ey kh_^bg_gby ^he`_g [ulv
gZ
1
/
8
, +
1
/
16
, -0 ^xcfh\ (3,2 , 1,6, -0 fbeebf_ljh\ ) [hevr_ \gmlj_gg_]h
^bZf_ljZ, mklZgh\e_ggh]h ^ey khhl\_lkl\mxs_]h kh_^bgbl_evgh]h
we_f_glZ.
7.2.4 >ebgZ
AgZq_gby ^ebg b ^himkdh\ ^he`gu khhl\_lkl\h\Zlv mdZaZgguf gZ
jbk. 12.
7.2.5 <ulhqdb h[jZlgh]h deZiZgZ ^ey i_j_\h^gbdh\ ^hehlZ
JZaf_jgu_ ^Zggu_ hl\_jklbc \ i_j_\h^gbdZo ^hehlZ ^ey mklZgh\db
h[jZlguo deZiZgh\ ihdZaZgu \ lZ[e. 12 b gZ jbk. 13.
7.3 JZaf_ju lbiZ K (i_j_\h^gbd \_jlex]Z)
7.3.1 Kh_^bg_gby, ^bZf_lju nZkhd, b gZjm`gu_ ^bZf_lju
I_j_\h^gbd \_jlex]Z ^he`_g bf_lv \_jog__ b gb`g__ jhlhjgh_
gbii_evgh_ kh_^bg_gb_ k aZie_qbdZfb (h[Z e_\h]h lbiZ). JZaf_j
gb`g_]h kh_^bg_gby, _]h \b^, ^bZf_lj nZkdb (D
F
) ^he`gu
API SPEC 7:1997
39
khhl\_lkl\h\Zlv ijbf_gy_fuf jZaf_jZf, lbiZf, qbkeh\uf jZaf_jZf b
^himkdZf, mdZaZgguf \ lZ[e. 2 b 3 ^ey \_jogbo fmnlh\uo kh_^bg_gbc
\_^msbo [mjbevguo ljm[. <_jog__ kh_^bg_gb_ ^he`gh bf_lv jZaf_j b
lbi fmnlh\h]h kh_^bg_gby kl\heZ \_jlex]Z, lh _klv 4
1
/
2
, 6
5
/
8
, 7
5
/
8
GhjfZevgh_ (REG) API. GZjm`guc ^bZf_lj i_j_\h^gbdZ b ^himkdb
^he`gu khhl\_lkl\h\Zlv [hevr_fm gZjm`ghfm ^bZf_ljm eb[h \_jog_]h
fmnlh\h]h kh_^bg_gby \_^ms_c [mjbevghc ljm[u, eb[h fmnlh\h]h
kh_^bg_gby kl\heZ \_jlex]Z.
7.3.2 <gmlj_ggbc ^bZf_lj
FZdkbfZevguc \gmlj_ggbc ^bZf_lj (d) ^he`_g [ulv jZ\_g
gZb[hevr_fm ^bZf_ljm, ^himkdZ_fhfm ^ey \_jog_]h kh_^bg_gby
\_^ms_c [mjbevghc ljm[u \ lZ[e. 2 beb 3. < kemqZ_ i_j_\h^gbdh\ kh
klmi_gqZluf hl\_jklb_f, dh]^Z ^bZf_lj hl\_jklby \ \_jog_f gbii_e_
[hevr_ ^bZf_ljZ hl\_jklby \ gb`g_f gbii_e_, hl\_jklb_ \_jog_]h
gbii_ey g_ ^he`gh [ulv gZklhevdh [hevrbf, qlh[u \_jogbc gbii_ev
bf_e [he__ gbadmx ijhqghklv gZ jZkly`_gb_ beb gZ kdjmqb\Zgb_ ih
kjZ\g_gbx k gb`gbf gbii_e_f, ijb jZkq_l_ wlbo \_ebqbg \
khhl\_lkl\bb k ^_ckl\mxsbf ba^Zgb_f klZg^ZjlZ API J_dhf_g^m_fZy
f_lh^bdZ 7G.
7.3.3 >bZf_lj \gmlj_gg_c nZkdb
>bZf_lj \gmlj_gg_c nZkdb (d
B
) ^he`_g [ulv gZ
1
/
4
,
1
/
16
^xcfZ
(6,4, 1,6 ff) [hevr_, q_f hl\_jklb_.
7.3.4 >ebgZ
FbgbfZevgh ^himklbfuc jZaf_j \ukhlu f_klZ ^ey mklZgh\db
dexqZ ^he`_g [ulv jZ\_g 8 ^xcfZf (203,2 ff).
7.4 JZaf_ju lbiZ D (ih^t_fguc i_j_\h^gbd)
7.4.1 >bZf_lj ljm[u b \_jogbc ^bZf_lj ih^t_fgbdZ
>bZf_lj ljm[u (D
p
) ^he`_g khhl\_lkl\h\Zlv ijbf_gy_fhfm
jZaf_jm [mjbevghc ljm[u. Khhl\_lkl\mxsb_ \_jogb_ ^bZf_lju
API SPEC 7:1997
40
ih^t_fgbdZ (D
L
) ^ey dhgmkguo aZie_qbdh\ mdZaZgu \ lZ[e. 11.
7.4.2 Kh_^bg_gby, ^bZf_lju nZkhd, b gZjm`gu_ ^bZf_lju
JZaf_ju kh_^bg_gbc, bo lbiu, ^bZf_lju nZkhd (D
F
), b gZjm`guc
^bZf_lj (D) ^he`gu khhl\_lkl\h\Zlv ijbf_gy_fuf jZaf_jZf, lbiZf,
qbkeh\uf jZaf_jZf b ^himkdZf, mdZaZgguf \ lZ[e. 13.
7.4.3 <gmlj_ggbc ^bZf_lj
FZdkbfZevguc \gmlj_ggbc ^bZf_lj (d) ^he`_g khhl\_lkl\h\Zlv
gZb[hevr_fm ^bZf_ljm, ^himkdZ_fhfm ^ey gZb[he__ e_]dbo
ijbf_gy_fuo jZaf_jh\ ljm[ ba i_j_qbke_gguo \ lZ[e. 7.
7.4.4 >ebgZ
>ebgu b ^himkdb ^he`gu khhl\_lkl\h\Zlv mdZaZgguf gZ jbk. 14
(jZaf_ju mdZaZgu \ ^xcfZo).
7.5 F_oZgbq_kdb_ k\hckl\Z fZl_jbZeZ
F_oZgbq_kdb_ k\hckl\Z \k_o i_j_\h^gbdh\ ^he`gu
khhl\_lkl\h\Zlv lj_[h\Zgbyf d fZl_jbZem mly`_e_gguo [mjbevguo
ljm[, mdZaZgguf \ JZa^_e_ 8. Baf_j_gby ih\_joghklghc l\_j^hklb ihke_
ba]hlh\e_gby gZ ^bZf_lj_ (D
R
) i_j_\h^gbdh\ lbiZ < ke_^m_l ijh\h^blv
kh]eZkgh ihke_^g_fm ba^Zgbx klZg^ZjlZ ASTM :370, b ihemq_ggu_
j_amevlZlu ^he`gu khhl\_lkl\h\Zlv lj_[h\Zgbyf, mdZaZgguf \ lZ[e. 10.
7.6 We_f_glu ^ey kgylby gZijy`_gbc \ kh_^bg_gbyo
We_f_glu dhgkljmdpbb ^ey kgylby gZijy`_gbc y\eyxlky
g_h[yaZl_evgufb ^ey i_j_\h^gbdh\ lbih\ : b < b h[yaZl_evgufb ^ey
i_j_\h^gbdh\ 4
1
/
2
API REG b [hevrbo jZaf_jh\ lbiZ K. I_j_\h^gbdb
lbiZ D g_ jZkkfZljb\Zxlky. JZaf_ju b ^himkdb we_f_glh\ dhgkljmdpbb
^ey kgylby gZijy`_gbc ^he`gu khhl\_lkl\h\Zlv jZaf_jZf b ^himkdZf,
mdZaZgguf \ JZa^_e_ 8, "Mly`_e_ggu_ [mjbevgu_ ljm[u", b
ijbf_gylvky d kh_^bg_gbyf gZ i_j_\h^gbdZo lbih\ :, < b K, mdZaZgguf
\ lZ[e. 9.
API SPEC 7:1997
41
7.7 Oheh^gZy h[jZ[hldZ \iZ^bg j_av[u
Oheh^gZy h[jZ[hldZ \iZ^bg j_av[u ijhba\h^blky ih j_r_gbx
ba]hlh\bl_ey. Ih^jh[gu_ k\_^_gby kh^_j`Zlky \ JZa^_e_ 8.
7.8 FZjdbjh\dZ
I_j_\h^gbdb, ba]hlh\e_ggu_ \ khhl\_lkl\bb k gZklhysbfb
l_ogbq_kdbfb mkeh\byfb, ^he`gu bf_lv fZjdbjh\dm, \dexqZxsmx bfy
ba]hlh\bl_ey beb fZjdm, ' Spec 7, \gmlj_ggbc ^bZf_lj, Z lZd`_ jZaf_j
b lbi kh_^bg_gby gZ dZ`^hf dhgp_. FZjdbjh\dZ ^he`gZ [ulv
ijhba\_^_gZ de_cf_gb_f rlZfihf \ m]em[e_gbb, jZkiheh`_gghf gZ
^bZf_lj_ D i_j_\h^gbdZ. FZjdbjh\db, mdZau\Zxsb_ lbi b jZaf_j
kh_^bg_gby, ke_^m_l ihf_sZlv gZ dhgp_ \ulhqdb, gZb[he__ [ebadhf d
kh_^bg_gbx, d dhlhjhfm hgb hlghkylky.
Gb`_ ijb\_^_gu ^\Z ijbf_jZ:
Z. I_j_\h^gbd k GHJF:EVGUF E?<UF (REGULAR LH)
fmnlh\uf kh_^bg_gb_f 4
1
/
2
gZ dZ`^hf dhgp_ b k \gmlj_ggbf
^bZf_ljhf 2
1
/
4
^xcfZ ^he`_g [ulv fZjdbjh\Zg ke_^mxsbf
h[jZahf:
: < Kh (beb fZjdZ) SPEC 7
4
1
/
2
REG LH 2
1
/
4
4
1
/
2
REG LH;
b. I_j_\h^gbd k gbii_evguf kh_^bg_gb_f lbiZ NC 31 gZ h^ghf
dhgp_ b fmnlh\uf kh_^bg_gb_f lbiZ NC46 gZ ^jm]hf dhgp_, ijb
\gmlj_gg_f ^bZf_lj_ 2 ^xcfZ, ^he`_g [ulv fZjdbjh\Zg
ke_^mxsbf h[jZahf:
: < Kh (beb fZjdZ) SPEC 7
NC 31 2 NC 46
API SPEC 7:1997
42
LZ[ebpZ 9. I_j_\h^gbdb [mjbevguo dhehgg
1 2 3 4
Lbi DeZkk
<_jog__ kh_^bg_gb_ ^ey
fhglZ`Z k
Gb`g__ kh_^bg_gb_ ^ey
fhglZ`Z k
: beb < I_j_\h^gbd \_^ms_c
[mjbevghc ljm[u
<_^msZy [mjbevgZy ljm[Z ;mjbevguc aZfhd
I_j_\h^gbd [mjbevgh]h aZfdZ ;mjbevguc aZfhd ;mjbevguc aZfhd
I_j_imkdghc i_j_\h^gbd ;mjbevguc aZfhd Mly`_e_ggZy [mjbevgZy ljm[Z
I_j_\h^gbd ^ey mly`_e_gguo
[mjbevguo ljm[
Mly`_e_ggZy [mjbevgZy
ljm[Z
Mly`_e_ggZy [mjbevgZy ljm[Z
I_j_\h^gbd ^hehlZ Mly`_e_ggZy [mjbevgZy
ljm[Z
>hehlh
K I_j_\h^gbd \_jlex]Z Kl\he \_jlex]Z <_^msZy [mjbevgZy ljm[Z
D Ih^t_fguc i_j_\h^gbd We_\Zlhj Mly`_e_ggZy [mjbevgZy ljm[Z
LZ[ebpZ 10. F_oZgbq_kdb_ k\hckl\Z b bkiulZgby gh\uo klZevguo
i_j_\h^gbdh\ [mjbevguo dhehgg
1 2
GZjm`guc ^bZf_lj b lbi (jZaf_j) i_j_\h^gbdZ FbgbfZevgZy ih\_joghklgZy l\_j^hklv (BHN)
3000 d] 10 ff
D
R
Lbi <
Hl 3
1
/
8
^xcfZ (79.4 ff) ^h 6
7
/
8
^xcfZ (175 ff) 285
Hl 7 ^xcfh\ (178 ff) ^h 10 ^xcfh\ (254 ff) 277
LZ[ebpZ 11. JZaf_ju ^bZf_ljh\ \_jogbo ih^t_fguo i_j_\h^gbdh\
>bZf_lj [mjbevghc ljm[u >bZf_lj dhgmkgh]h aZie_qbdZ (
1
/
8
, -0)
D
P
D
L
2
3
/
8
3
3
/
8
2
7
/
8
4
1
/
8
3
1
/
2
4
3
/
4
4 6
4
1
/
2
6
1
/
4
5 6
1
/
2
5
1
/
2
7
6
5
/
8
8
IJBF?Q:GB?. <k_ jZaf_ju \ ^xcfZo.
API SPEC 7:1997
43
Jbk. 12. I_j_\h^gbdb [mjbevguo dhehgg
Jbk. 13. <ulhqdZ h[jZlgh]h deZiZgZ gZ i_j_\h^gbdZo ^hehlZ.
API SPEC 7:1997
44
LZ[ebpZ 12. <ulhqdZ h[jZlgh]h deZiZgZ gZ i_j_\h^gbdZo ^hehlZ
GhjfZevgh_ fmnlh\h_
kh_^bg_gb_ ^hehlZ ih API
>jm]b_ ihimeyjgu_
kh_^bg_gby
>bZf_lj
deZiZgZ \
k[hj_
>bZf_lj \ulhqdb
h[jZlgh]h deZiZgZ
>ebgZ
deZiZgZ \
k[hj_
D
R, +
1
/
64
0
(D, +
1
/
32
) L JZaf_j A,
1
/
16
JZaf_j A,
1
/
16
1
21
/
32
1
11
/
16
5
7
/
8
2
3
/
8
9
1
/
8
NC23 9
1
/
8
1
29
/
32
1
15
/
16
6
1
/
4
2
7
/
8
10 2
3
/
8
IF 9
1
/
2
2
13
/
32
2
7
/
16
6
1
/
2
3
1
/
2
lO
1
/
2
2
7
/
8
IF 10
1
/
4
2
13
/
16
2
27
/
32
10 3
1
/
2
FH . 14
3
1
/
8
3
5
/
32
10 3
1
/
2
IF 14
1
/
4
3
15
/
32
3
1
/
2
8
5
/
16
4
1
/
2
12
13
/
16
NC44 13
1
/
16
3
21
/
32
3
11
/
16
12 4 IF 13
1
/
4
3
7
/
8
3
29
/
32
9
3
/
4
5
1
/
2
14
3
/
4
4
1
/
2
IF 14
1
/
2
4
25
/
32
4
13
/
16
11
3
/
4
6
5
/
8
17 5
1
/
2
IF 17
7
5
/
8
17
1
/
4
5
1
/
2
FH 17
8
5
/
8
17
3
/
8
NC61 17
1
/
4
5
11
/
16
5
23
/
32
14
5
/
8
8
5
/
8
20
1
/
4
6
5
/
8
IF 19
7
/
8
IJBF?Q:GB?. <k_ jZaf_ju \ ^xcfZo. Ih \hijhkm f_ljbq_kdbo lZ[ebp kf. ijbeh`_gb_ F.
Jbk. 14. Ih^t_fgu_ i_j_\h^gbdb (Lbi D)
API SPEC 7:1997
45
8 Mly`_e_ggu_ [mjbevgu_ ljm[u
8.1 H[sb_ iheh`_gby
8.1.1 JZaf_ju
Mly`_e_ggu_ [mjbevgu_ ljm[u ^he`gu ihklZ\eylvky ijb
jZaf_jZo, mdZaZgguo \ lZ[e. 13, b ijb ^himkdZo, mklZgh\e_gguo \ 8.1.4.
8.1.2 Hl\_jklby
<k_ hl\_jklby mly`_e_gguo [mjbevguo ljm[ ^he`gu [ulv
ijhdhgljhebjh\Zgu k ihfhsvx \gmlj_gg_]h rZ[ehgZ ^ebghc fbgbfmf
10 nmlh\ (3,05 f_ljZ). <gmlj_ggbc rZ[ehg ^he`_g bf_lv fbgbfZevguc
^bZf_lj, jZ\guc ^bZf_ljm hl\_jklby d (kf. lZ[e. 13), fbgmk
1
/
8
^xcfZ
(3,2 fbeebf_ljZ).
8.1.3 Kh_^bg_gby
Mly`_e_ggu_ [mjbevgu_ ljm[u ^he`gu ihklZ\eylvky k
kh_^bg_gbyfb gbii_evgh]h b fmnlh\h]h lbiZ, bf_xsbfb jZaf_ju b
lbiu, h[mkeh\e_ggu_ \ lZ[e. 13, b ^he`gu khhl\_lkl\h\Zlv lj_[h\Zgbyf
jZa^_eZ 10.
8.1.4 >himkdb gZ gZjm`guc ^bZf_lj
8.1.4.1 GZjm`guc ^bZf_lj
GZjm`guc ^bZf_lj ^he`_g khhl\_lkl\h\Zlv ^himkdZf lZ[e. 14.
8.1.4.2 HdhgqZl_evgZy h[jZ[hldZ ih\_joghklb
FbgbfZevgZy hdhgqZl_evgZy h[jZ[hldZ gZjm`ghc ih\_joghklb
^he`gZ khhl\_lkl\h\Zlv ih\_joghklb, ihemqZ_fhc gZ klZg_ ]hjyq_c
ijhdZldb. DZq_kl\h jZ[hlu ^he`gh m^h\e_l\hjylv lj_[h\Zgbyf
^_ckl\mxs_]h klZg^ZjlZ ASTM :434. M^Ze_gb_ ^_n_dlh\ ih\_joghklb
ijhba\h^blky \ khhl\_lkl\bb k mkeh\byfb lZ[e. 15.
8.1.4.3 Ijyfhebg_cghklv
GZjm`gZy ih\_joghklv mly`_e_gghc [mjbevghc ljm[u g_ ^he`gZ
hldehgylvky hl ijyfhc ebgbb, ijh\_^_gghc f_`^m __ dhgpZfb,
API SPEC 7:1997
46
\iehlgmx d ih\_joghklb ljm[u, [he__ q_f gZ
1
/
160
^xcfZ gZ nml (0.52
fbeebf_ljZ gZ f_lj) ^ebgu ljm[u.
GZijbf_j, ^ey mly`_e_gghc [mjbevghc ljm[u ^ebghc 30 nmlh\
(9,14 f_ljh\) fZdkbfZevgh_ hldehg_gb_ hl ijyfhc ebgbb jZ\gh 30
1
/
160
=
3
/
16
^xcfZ (4.76 fbeebf_ljZ).
8.1.5 We_f_glu dhgkljmdpbb kh_^bg_gbc ^ey kgylby gZijy`_gbc
We_f_glu dhgkljmdpbb ^ey kgylby gZijy`_gbc g_ bf_xl
h[yaZl_evghc nhjfu. JZaf_ju wlbo we_f_glh\ ^he`gu khhl\_lkl\h\Zlv
mdZaZgguf \ lZ[e. 16 b gZ jbk. 16, beb \ lZ[e. 16 b gZ jbk. 17
(Zevl_jgZlb\gu_ \b^u we_f_glh\ ^ey kgylby gZijy`_gbc \ fmnlh\uo
kh_^bg_gbyo).
IJBF?Q:GB? 1. EZ[hjZlhjgu_ bkiulZgby gZ mklZehklv b
bkiulZgby ijb nZdlbq_kdbo mkeh\byo wdkiemZlZpbb ihdZaZeb
[eZ]hijbylgu_ ^_ckl\by, kgbfZxsbo gZijy`_gb_ we_f_glh\, ijb
jZaf_s_gbb bo gZ aZie_qbdZo gbii_evguo kh_^bg_gbc b m hkgh\Zgby
j_av[u fmnlu. < l_o kemqZyo, dh]^Z jZajmr_gb_ \ke_^kl\b_ mklZehklb \
f_klZo dhgp_gljZpbb gZijy`_gbc y\ey_lky ijh[e_fhc, j_dhf_g^m_lky
ijbf_gylv we_f_glu ^ey kgylby gZijy`_gbc, b lZdb_ ih\_joghklb,
gZjy^m kh \iZ^bgZfb j_av[u, j_dhf_g^m_lky ih^\_j]Zlv oheh^ghc
h[jZ[hld_ ihke_ \uiheg_gby baf_j_gbc ih ijh\_jd_ khhl\_lkl\by
l_ogbq_kdbf mkeh\byf API. <_ebqbgZ hldehg_gby ijb[hjZ baf_gblky
ihke_ oheh^ghc h[jZ[hldb j_av[u. Oheh^gZy h[jZ[hldZ ihke_ ijh\_jdb
kh_^bg_gbc gZ khhl\_lkl\b_ API fh`_l ijb\_klb d lhfm, qlh
kh_^bg_gby g_ [m^ml [hevr_ khhl\_lkl\h\Zlv ij_^_eZf API ^ey
hldehg_gbc ijb[hjh\. Wlh g_ hdZ`_l \ebygb_ gZ \aZbfhaZf_gy_fhklv
kh_^bg_gbc b memqrbl ^_ckl\b_ kh_^bg_gbc. Ihwlhfm ^himkdZ_lky
fZjdbjh\dZ kh_^bg_gbc, _keb hgb m^h\e_l\hjyxl lj_[h\Zgbyf API
i_j_^ \uiheg_gb_f oheh^ghc h[jZ[hldb. < wlhf kemqZ_ kh_^bg_gby
API SPEC 7:1997
47
^he`gu [ulv lZd`_ fZjdbjh\Zgu agZdhf 'CW, aZdexq_gguf \ djm`hd,
qlh ihdZau\Z_l ijh\_^_gb_ oheh^ghc h[jZ[hldb ihke_ dhgljhevguo
baf_j_gbc. Wlhl agZd ^he`_g [ulv jZaf_s_g gZ kh_^bg_gbb ke_^mxsbf
h[jZahf:
Gbii_evgh_ kh_^bg_gb_ - gZ dhgp_ gbii_ey;
Fmnlh\h_ kh_^bg_gb_ - \ jZklhq_gghf hl\_jklbb fmnlu.
IJBF?Q:GB? 2. >ey kgylby gZijy`_gbc \ fmnlh\uo
kh_^bg_gbyo j_dhf_g^m_lky ijbf_g_gb_ we_f_glh\ lbiZ h[jZlghc
jZklhqdb. H^gZdh [ueh mklZgh\e_gh, qlh ihdZaZggZy gZ jbk. 17 dZgZ\dZ
^ey kgylby gZijy`_gbc gZ fmnlh\hf kh_^bg_gbb lZd`_ hdZau\Z_l
iheh`bl_evguc wnn_dl. HgZ \dexq_gZ \ dZq_kl\_ Zevl_jgZlb\gh]h
\ZjbZglZ ih hlghr_gbx d we_f_glZf lbiZ h[jZlghc jZklhqdb.
8.1.6 We_f_glu kgb`_gby djmlys_]h fhf_glZ
NZkdb b jZklhq_ggu_ hl\_jklby ghjfZevguo kh_^bg_gbc 8
5
/
8
^he`gu khhl\_lkl\h\Zlv jZaf_jZf, ihdZaZgguf gZ jbk. 18, ijb
ba]hlh\e_gbb f_oZgbq_kdbf kihkh[hf mly`_e_gguo [mjbevguo ljm[ k
gZjm`guf ^bZf_ljhf [hevr_ 10
1
/
2
^xcfZ (266.7 fbeebf_ljZ).
IJBF?Q:GB?. We_f_glu dhgkljmdpbc ^ey kgylby gZijy`_gbc
[m^ml \uau\Zlv g_[hevrh_ mf_gvr_gb_ ijhqghklb gZ jZkly`_gb_ b
Z[khexlghc iehsZ^b k_q_gby kh_^bg_gby. H^gZdh \ [hevrbgkl\_
kemqZ_\ ijbf_g_gby wlh mf_gvr_gb_ iehsZ^b ihi_j_qgh]h k_q_gby
i_j_dju\Z_lky kgb`_gb_f \hafh`ghklb jZajmr_gby \ke_^kl\b_
mklZehklb. ?keb h`b^Zxlky g_h[uqgh [hevrb_ gZ]jmadb, ke_^m_l
\uihegblv jZkq_lu ih hp_gd_ h`b^Z_fh]h wnn_dlZ.
8.2 KlZg^Zjlgu_ klZevgu_ mly`_e_ggu_ [mjbevgu_ ljm[u
8.2.1 F_oZgbq_kdb_ k\hckl\Z
F_oZgbq_kdb_ k\hckl\Z klZg^Zjlguo mly`_e_gguo klZevguo
[mjbevguo ljm[ ihke_ ba]hlh\e_gby ^he`gu khhl\_lkl\h\Zlv
API SPEC 7:1997
48
lj_[h\Zgbyf lZ[e. 17.
Wlb k\hckl\Z ke_^m_l ijh\_jylv k ihfhsvx bkiulZgbc gZ
jZkly`_gb_ h^gh]h h[jZapZ (bf_xs_]h k\hckl\Z, j_ij_a_glZlb\gu_ ^ey
dhg_qgh]h ijh^mdlZ) ba dZ`^hc ieZ\db b h^gh]h jZaf_jZ ijhdZlZ ba
wlhc ieZ\db.
Djhf_ lh]h, gZ dZ`^hc mly`_e_gghc [mjbevghc ljm[_ ke_^m_l
\uihegblv bkiulZgby gZ l\_j^hklv, dhlhju_ ^he`gu jZkkfZljb\Zlvky \
dZq_kl\_ i_j\h]h ihdZaZl_ey khhl\_lkl\by.
8.2.2 FZjdbjh\dZ
GZ gZjm`ghf ^bZf_lj_ klZg^Zjlguo klZevguo mly`_e_gguo
[mjbevguo ljm[, khhl\_lkl\mxsbo ^Zgguf l_ogbq_kdbf mkeh\byf,
^he`gh [ulv kihkh[hf rlZfih\db gZg_k_gh de_cfh k mdZaZgb_f bf_gb
ba]hlh\bl_ey beb fZjdb, 'Spec 7, gZjm`gh]h ^bZf_ljZ, b h[hagZq_gby
kh_^bg_gbc. Lbi kh_^bg_gbc NC b jZaf_ju FH b IF \ kdh[dZo \ dhehgd_
1 lZ[e. 13 b^_glbqgu, _keb \uiheg_gu k j_av[hc nhjfu V-0.036R.
Ijb\_^_ggu_ gb`_ ijbf_ju beexkljbjmxl lj_[h\Zgby ih fZjdbjh\d_:
Z. GZ mly`_e_gghc [mjbevghc ljm[_ 6
1
/
4
^xcfZ k hl\_jklb_f 2
13
/
16
^xcfZ b kh_^bg_gbyfb NC46 ^he`gh [ulv hlrlZfih\Zgh:
A B Co (beb fZjdZ)
NC46-62 (4IF) 2
13
/
16
SPEC7
LZdZy `_ fZjdbjh\dZ gZghkblky gZ mly`_e_ggu_ [mjbevgu_ ljm[u,
bf_xsb_ lZdb_ `_ jZaf_ju, gh aZdZaZggu_ k kh_^bg_gbyfb 4IF, _keb
kh_^bg_gby \uiheg_gu k nhjfhc j_av[u V-0.038R.
b. GZ mly`_e_gghc [mjbevghc ljm[_ 8
1
/
4
^xcfZ k hl\_jklb_f 2
13
/
16
^xcfZ b kh_^bg_gbyfb 6
5
/
8
REG ^he`gh [ulv hlrlZfih\Zgh:
A B Co (beb fZjdZ)
8
1
/
4
2
13
/
16
6
5
/
8
REG SPEC7
API SPEC 7:1997
49
LZ[ebpZ 13. Mly`_e_ggu_ [mjbevgu_ ljm[u
1 2 3 4 5 6
Ghf_j mly`_e_gghc
[mjbevghc ljm[u
Z
GZjm`guc ^bZf_lj,
D
b
Hl\_jklb_,
1
/
16
-0,
d
>ebgZ, nmlh\ 6 ^xcfh\,
L
d
>bZf_lj nZkdb,
1
/
64
,
D
F
KijZ\hqguc dhwnnbpb_gl
ijhqghklb gZ ba]b[
_
NC23-31 3
1
/
8
1
1
/
4
30 3 2.57:1
NC26-35 (2
3
/
8
IF) 3
1
/
2
1
1
/
2
30 3
17
/
64
2.42:1
NC31-41(2
7
/
8
IF) 4
1
/
8
2 30 beb 31 3
61
/
64
2.43:1
NC35-47 4
3
/
4
2 30 beb 31 4
33
/
64
2.58:1
NC38-50 (3
1
/
2
IF) 5 2
1
/
4
30 beb 31 4
49
/
64
2.38:1
NC44-60 6 2
1
/
4
30 beb 31 5
11
/
16
2.49:1
NC44-60 6 2
13
/
16
30 beb 31 5
11
/
16
2.84:1
NC44-62 6
1
/
4
2
1
/
4
30 beb 31 5
7
/
8
2.91:1
NC46-62 (4 IF) 6
1
/
4
2
13
/
16
30 beb 31 5
29
/
32
2.63:1
NC46-65 (4 IF) 6
1
/
2
2
1
/
4
30 beb 31 6
3
/
32
2.76:1
NC46-65 (4 IF) 6
1
/
2
2
13
/
16
30 beb 31 6
3
/
32
3.05:1
NC46-67 (4 IF) 6
3
/
4
2
1
/
4
30 beb 31 6
9
/
32
3.18:1
NC50-70 (4
1
/
2
IF) 7 2
1
/
4
30 beb 31 6
31
/
64
2.54:1
NC50-70 (4
1
/
2
IF) 7 2
13
/
16
30 beb 31 6
31
/
64
2.73:1
NC50-72 (4
1
/
2
IF) 7
1
/
4
2
13
/
16
30 beb 31 6
43
/
64
3.12:1
NC56-77 7
3
/
4
2
13
/
16
30 beb 31 7
19
/
64
2.70:1
NC56-80 8 2
13
/
16
30 beb 31 7
31
/
64
3.02:1
6
5
/
8
REG 8
1
/
4
2
13
/
16
30 beb 31 7
45
/
64
2.93:1
NC61-90 9 2
13
/
16
30 beb 31 8
3
/
8
3.17:1
7
5
/
8
REG 9
1
/
2
3 30 beb 31 8
13
/
16
2.81:1
NC70-97 9
3
/
4
3 30 beb 31 9
5
/
32
2.57:1
NC70-100 10 3 30 beb 31 9
11
/
32
2.81:1
8
5
/
8
REG
k
11 3 30 beb 31 10
1
/
2
2.84:1
IJBF?Q:GBY:
1. Kf. jbk. 15.
2. <k_ jZaf_ju \ ^xcfZo, _keb g_ h[mkeh\e_gh ^jm]h_. Kf. ijbeh`_gb_ F ih \hijhkm f_ljbq_kdbo lZ[ebp.
Z
Ghf_j mly`_e_gguo [mjbevguo ljm[ khklhbl ba ^\mo qZkl_c, jZa^_e_gguo lbj_. I_j\Zy qZklv ij_^klZ\ey_l kh[hc ghf_j kh_^bg_gby lbiZ NC.
<lhjZy qZklv, khklhysZy ba ^\mo (beb lj_o) pbnj, mdZau\Z_l gZjm`guc ^bZf_lj ljm[u \ _^bgbpZo b ^_kyluo ^heyo ^xcfZ. Kh_^bg_gby,
ihdZaZggu_ \ kdh[dZo \ i_j\hc dhehgd_, g_ y\eyxlky qZklyfb ghf_jZ mly`_e_gghc [mjbevghc ljm[u; hgb ihdZau\Zxl \aZbfhaZf_gy_fhklv
mly`_e_gguo [mjbevguo ljm[ \uiheg_gguo kh klZg^Zjlgufb kh_^bg_gbyfb (NC). ?keb kh_^bg_gby, mdZaZggu_ \ kdh[dZo \ i_j\hc dhehgd_,
\uiheg_gu k j_av[hc nhjfu V-0.038R, lh kh_^bg_gby b mly`_e_ggu_ [mjbevgu_ ljm[u b^_glbqgu k khhl\_lkl\mxsbfb lbiZ NC. Mly`_e_ggu_
[mjbevgu_ ljm[u k gZjm`gufb ^bZf_ljZfb 8
1
/
4
, 9
1
/
2
, b 11 ^xcfh\ mdZaZgu k kh_^bg_gbyfb 6
5
/
8
, 7
5
/
8
, b 8
5
/
8
REG, ihkdhevdm hlkmlkl\mxl
kh_^bg_gby NC, bf_xsb_ agZq_gb_ dhwnnbpb_glZ ijhqghklb gZ ba]b[ \ j_dhf_g^m_fhf ^bZiZahg_.
b
Ih ^himkdZf kf. lZ[e. 14.
c
Ih jZaf_jZf kf. jbk. 17 b lZ[e. 16.
d
Ih ^himkdZf gZ g_fZ]gblggu_ mly`_e_ggu_ [mjbevgu_ ljm[u kf. 8.3.2.
_
We_f_glu dhgkljmdpbb ^ey kgylby gZijy`_gbc ijb jZkq_l_ dhwnnbpb_glZ ijhqghklb gZ ba]b[ g_ mqblu\Zxlky.
LZ[ebpZ 14. >himkdb gZ gZjm`guc ^bZf_lj mly`_e_gguo
[mjbevguo ljm[
1 2 3 4
>himkd gZ jZaf_j \dexqbl_evgh
K\ur_ Hldehg_gb_ hl djm]ehklb
Z
JZaf_j: GZjm`guc ^bZf_lj >xcf ff >h >xcf ff
K\ur_ 2
1
/
2
^h 3
1
/
2
\dexqbl_evgh
3
/
64
1.19 0 0.035 0.89
K\ur_ 3
1
/
2
^h 4
1
/
2
\dexqbl_evgh
1
/
16
1.59 0 0.046 1.17
K\ur_ 4
1
/
2
^h 5
1
/
2
\dexqbl_evgh
5
/
64
1.98 0 0.058 1.47
K\ur_ 5
1
/
2
^h 6
1
/
2
\dexqbl_evgh
1
/
8
3.18 0 0.070 1.78
K\ur_ 6
1
/
2
^h 8
1
/
4
\dexqbl_evgh
5
/
32
3.97 0 0.085 2.16
K\ur_ 8
1
/
4
^h 9
1
/
2
\dexqbl_evgh
3
/
16
4.76 0 0.100 2.54
K\ur_ 9
1
/
2
1
/
4
6.35 0 0.120 3.05
Z
Hldehg_gb_ hl djm]ehklb ij_^klZ\ey_l kh[hc jZagbpm f_`^m fZdkbfZevguf b fbgbfZevguf ^bZf_ljZfb ijmldZ, ijb baf_j_gbb \ h^ghf b lhf
`_ k_q_gbb, b g_ \dexqZ_l ^himkdb gZ hdhgqZl_evgmx h[jZ[hldm ih\_joghklb, jZkkfZljb\Z_fu_ \ 8.1.4.2.
API SPEC 7:1997
50
8.3 G_fZ]gblgu_ mly`_e_ggu_ [mjbevgu_ ljm[u
8.3.1 JZaf_jgu_ iZjZf_lju
G_fZ]gblgu_ mly`_e_ggu_ [mjbevgu_ ljm[u ^he`gu ihklZ\eylvky
ijb jZaf_jguo iZjZf_ljZo, khhl\_lkl\mxsbo mdZaZgguf \ 8.1.1,
JZaf_ju; 8.1.2, Hl\_jklby; 8.1.3, Kh_^bg_gby; 8.1.4, >himkdb gZ
gZjm`guc ^bZf_lj; 8.1.5, We_f_glu ^ey kgylby gZijy`_gbc, ijb
bkdexq_gbyo, i_j_qbke_gguo \ imgdlZo hl 8.3.1.1 ^h 8.3.1.3:
8.3.1.1 >himkdb gZ ^ebgm
>himkdb gZ ^ebgm ^ey g_fZ]gblguo mly`_e_gguo [mjbevguo ljm[
^he`gu [ulv ke_^mxsbfb - 6, -0 ^xcfh\ (152.4. -0 fbeebf_ljh\).
8.3.1.2 Wdkp_gljbkbl_l hl\_jklbc
FZdkbfZevguc wdkp_gljbkbl_l hl\_jklbc ^he`_g khklZ\eylv 0,094
^xcfZ (2,39 fbeebf_ljZ) gZ dhgpZo ljm[u. P_gljZevguc
wdkp_gljbkbl_l g_ ^he`_g ij_\urZlv 0,250 ^xcfZ (6,35 fbeebf_ljZ).
IJBF?Q:GB?. P_evx l_ogbq_kdbo mkeh\bc gZ p_glj
g_fZ]gblguo mly`_e_gguo [mjbevguo ljm[ y\ey_lky ]ZjZglbjh\Zgb_
lhqghc khhkghklb dhgljhevgh]h ijb[hjZ k hkvx ljm[u. Wdkp_gljbkbl_l
p_gljZ g_ ^he`_g hdZau\Zlv kms_kl\_ggh_ \ebygb_ gZ agZq_gby
ijhqghklb gZ jZkly`_gb_ beb djmq_gb_.
8.3.1.3 Kh_^bg_gby
Djhf_ dhf[bgZpbc kh_^bg_gbc b gZjm`gh]h ^bZf_ljZ, mdZaZgguo \
8.1.3 b lZ[e. 13 b 19, g_fZ]gblgu_ mly`_e_ggu_ [mjbevgu_ ljm[u fh]ml
ijhba\h^blvky dZd gb`gb_ mly`_e_ggu_ [mjbevgu_ ljm[u, bf_xsb_
GhjfZevgh_ (Regular) fmnlh\h_ kh_^bg_gb_ API gZ gb`g_f dhgp_. Wlb
kh_^bg_gby ^he`gu khhl\_lkl\h\Zlv lj_[h\Zgbyf jZa^_eZ 10.
>bZiZahgu gZjm`guo ^bZf_ljh\ mly`_e_gguo [mjbevguo ljm[ k
API SPEC 7:1997
51
ijbf_gy_fufb jZaf_jZfb gb`gbo fmnlh\uo kh_^bg_gbc mdZaZgu \
lZ[e. 18.
8.3.2 Lj_[h\Zgby d fZl_jbZem
DZ`^Zy g_fZ]gblgZy mly`_e_ggZy [mjbevgZy ljm[Z ^he`gZ [ulv
bkiulZgZ b hnhjfe_ggu_ \ \b^_ ZdlZ ijb_fdb (k_jlbnbdZlZ),
j_amevlZlu bkiulZgbc ^he`gu ih^l\_j`^Zlv, qlh ljm[Z m^h\e_l\hjy_l
fbgbfZevguf lj_[h\Zgbyf d f_oZgbq_kdbf k\hckl\Zf, fZ]gblguf
k\hckl\Zf, oZjZdl_jbklbdZf ih klhcdhklb d dhjjhabb b [_a^_n_dlghklb
fZl_jbZeZ, hij_^_ey_fhc k ihfhsvx mevljZa\mdh\uo f_lh^h\.
8.3.2.1 F_oZgbq_kdb_ k\hckl\Z
FbgbfZevgu_ lj_[m_fu_ f_oZgbq_kdb_ k\hckl\Z mdZaZgu \ lZ[e.
20.
Kh]eZkgh ^_ckl\mxs_fm ba^Zgbx klZg^ZjlZ ASTM ?10 baf_j_gby
l\_j^hklb gZjm`ghc ih\_joghklb ijh\h^ylky lhevdh ^ey bgnhjfZpbb.
Dhjj_eypby f_`^m l\_j^hklvx b ijhqghklvx fZl_jbZeZ g_ y\ey_lky
^hklh\_jghc.
8.3.2.2 FZ]gblgu_ k\hckl\Z
8.3.2.2.1 Baf_j_gby hlghkbl_evghc fZ]gblghc ijhgbpZ_fhklb
Mly`_e_ggu_ g_fZ]gblgu_ [mjbevgu_ ljm[u ^he`gu bf_lv
hlghkbl_evgmx fZ]gblgmx ijhgbpZ_fhklv f_gvr_ 1,010. < dZ`^hf Zdl_
h j_amevlZlZo baf_j_gby hlghkbl_evghc fZ]gblghc ijhgbpZ_fhklb
ke_^m_l mdZaZlv f_lh^ bkiulZgbc. Ba]hlh\bl_ev ^he`_g lZd`_ mdZaZlv,
ijh\h^bebkv eb bkiulZgby gZ hl^_evguo mly`_e_gguo [mjbevguo
ljm[Zo, beb gZ h[jZap_, oZjZdl_jbamxs_f ijhba\h^kl\_ggmx iZjlbx.
?^bgbqgZy iZjlby hij_^_ey_lky dZd \_kv fZl_jbZe, bf_xsbc
h^bgZdh\mx nhjfm, ba h^ghc ieZ\db, b ijhr_^rbc h^gh\j_f_ggh \k_
klZ^bb h[jZ[hldb ijb ba]hlh\e_gbb.
API SPEC 7:1997
52
8.3.2.2.2 Baf_j_gb_ ]jZ^b_glZ ihey
FZ]gblgh_ ihe_ \ hl\_jklbb gh\hc mly`_e_gghc [mjbevghc ljm[u
^he`gh bf_lv fZdkbfZevgh_ hldehg_gb_ hl h^ghjh^ghklb g_ [he__
0,05 fbdjhl_keZ. Wlb baf_j_gby ^he`gu ijh\h^blvky k ihfhsvx
fZ]gblhkdhiZ b ^bnn_j_gpbZevgh]h ^ZlqbdZ ihey, fZ]gblhf_lj
dhlhjh]h hjb_glbjh\Zg \^hev hkb mly`_e_gghc [mjbevghc ljm[u.
QZklvx ZdlZ k_jlbnbdZpbb dZ`^hc ljm[u ^he`gZ [ulv j_]bkljZpby
e_glhqgh]h kZfhibkpZ, ihdZau\ZxsZy ^bnn_j_gpbZe ihey ih \k_fm
hl\_jklbx.
8.3.2.3 Lj_[h\Zgby gZ mklhcqb\hklv d dhjjhabb (^ey mly`_e_gguo
[mjbevguo ljm[ ba Zmkl_gblghc klZeb, kh^_j`Zsbo 12 ijhp_glh\
ojhfZ beb [he__)
Mly`_e_ggu_ [mjbevgu_ ljm[u ba Zmkl_gblghc g_j`Z\_xs_c
klZeb ih^\_j`_gu lj_sbghh[jZah\Zgbx ijb kh\f_klghf \ha^_ckl\bb
jZkly]b\Zxsbo gZijy`_gbc b g_dhlhjuo ki_pbnbq_kdbo
dhjjh^bjmxsbo \_s_kl\.
Klhcdhklv d f_`djbklZeebq_kdhc dhjjhabb ^he`gZ [ulv
ijh^_fhgkljbjh\ZgZ iml_f ijh\_^_gby gZ fZl_jbZe_ dZ`^hc [mjbevghc
ljm[u, bkiulZgbc gZ dhjjhabx kh]eZkgh ^_ckl\mxs_fm ba^Zgbx
klZg^ZjlZ ASTM :262 F_lh^bdZ ?. Ih j_r_gbx dZ`^h]h ihklZ\sbdZ
bkiulZl_evgu_ h[jZapu fh]ml bf_lv hk_\mx hjb_glZpbx, \ kemqZ_ q_]h
bo ke_^m_l hl[bjZlv \ ij_^_eZo 0,5 ^xcfZ (12,7 fbeebf_ljZ) hl
ih\_joghklb hl\_jklby, beb hgb fh]ml bf_lv lZg]_gpbZevgmx
hjb_glZpbx, \ kemqZ_ q_]h bo kj_^gyy lhqdZ ^he`gZ gZoh^blvky \
ij_^_eZo 0,5 ^xcfZ (12,7 fbeebf_ljZ) hl ih\_joghklb hl\_jklby.
Ijb g_dhlhjuo mkeh\byo hdjm`Zxs_c kj_^u klZeb fh]ml
ih^\_j]Zlvky ljZgkdjbklZeeblghfm dhjjhabhgghfm jZklj_kdb\Zgbx ih^
gZijy`_gb_f. L_g^_gpbb ^ey jZaebqguo khklZ\h\ klZeb jZaebqgu, gh
API SPEC 7:1997
53
m\_ebq_gb_ klhcdhklb fh`_l [ulv ^hklb]gmlh iml_f h[jZ[hldb
ih\_joghklb, ijb\h^ys_c d hklZlhqguf gZijy`_gbyf k`Zlby.
8.3.2.4 MevljZa\mdh\hc dhgljhev
DhjimkZ mly`_e_gguo [mjbevguo ljm[ ^he`gu ih^\_j]Zlvky
mevljZa\mdh\hfm dhgljhex ih \k_c ^ebg_ b ih hdjm`ghklb dhjimkZ.
Ijb_fe_f dhgljhev i_j_^ jZklZqb\Zgb_f. H^gZdh g_h[oh^bfh
\uihegblv ih\lhjguc dhgljhev ihke_ jZklhqdb \ ahgZo, ihdZaZ\rbo
bg^bdZpbb g_ijb_fe_fuo ^_n_dlh\ (mdZaZgguo \ imgdlZo d b _) \gmljb
fZl_jbZeZ, dhlhjuc ^he`_g [ulv jZklhq_g. < dZq_kl\_ Zevl_jgZlb\gh]h
ih^oh^Z ijb_fe_f iheguc dhgljhev ihke_ jZklZqb\Zgby.
>_ckl\mxsb_ ba^Zgby klZg^Zjlh\ ASTM ?114 (f_lh^ ijyfh]h
dhglZdlZ), ASTM ?214, b/beb ASTM ?1001 (bff_jkbhgguc f_lh^)
kh^_j`Zl ijhp_^mju, iha\heyxsb_ mklZgh\blv f_lh^bdb dhgljhey.
Ijb\_^_ggu_ gb`_ mkeh\by hij_^_eyxl m^h\e_l\hjbl_evgmx f_lh^bdm
g_jZajmrZxsbo bkiulZgbc:
Z. < dZq_kl\_ dZeb[jh\hqgh]h wlZehgZ ke_^m_l bkihevah\Zlv
[_a^_n_dlgmx k_dpbx mly`_e_gghc [mjbevghc ljm[u.
b. Ijb ijbf_g_gbb f_lh^Z ijyfh]h dhglZdlZ ij_h[jZah\Zl_ev
^he`_g bf_lv ^bZf_lj hl 1 ^h 1
1
/
8
^xcfZ (hl 25,4 ^h 28,6
fbeebf_ljh\).
c. Ij_h[jZah\Zl_eb, bf_xsb_ qZklhlu hl 1 ^h 5 F=p, y\eyxlky
ijb_fe_fufb.
d. Bg^bdZpby ^_n_dlZ, ij_\urZxsZy ih Zfieblm^_ 5 hl
dZeb[jh\hqgh]h ^hggh]h kb]gZeZ, lj_[m_l hl[jZdh\db mly`_e_gghc
[mjbevghc ljm[u.
e. Mly`_e_ggZy [mjbevgZy ljm[Z, \dexqZxsZy h[eZklv, \ dhlhjhc
\ukhlZ ^hggh]h kb]gZeZ f_gvr_ beb jZ\gZ 50 ijhp_glZf
dZeb[jh\hqgh]h ^hggh]h kb]gZeZ, ih^e_`bl hl[jZdh\d_, _keb
lhevdh ihklZ\sbd g_ hij_^_ebl, qlh ihl_jy Zfieblm^u ^hggh]h
API SPEC 7:1997
54
kb]gZeZ y\ey_lky ke_^kl\b_f [hevrh]h jZaf_jZ a_jgZ, mkeh\bc gZ
ih\_joghklb, beb g_^hklZlhqghc iZjZee_evghklb iehkdhkl_c
kdZgbjh\Zgby b hljZ`_gby.
LZ[ebpZ 15. M^Ze_gb_ ih\_joghklguo ^_n_dlh\ k mly`_e_gguo
[mjbevguo ljm[
1 2
FZdkbfZevgh_ m^Ze_gb_ fZl_jbZeZ k ih\_joghklb
JZaf_j: GZjm`guc ^bZf_lj >xcf ff
K\ur_ 2
1
/
2
^h 3
1
/
2
\dexqbl_evgh
0.072 1.83
K\ur_ 3
1
/
2
^h 4
1
/
2
\dexqbl_evgh
0.090 2.29
K\ur_ 4
1
/
2
^h 5
1
/
2
\dexqbl_evgh
0.110 2.79
K\ur_ 5
1
/
2
^h 6
1
/
2
\dexqbl_evgh
0.125 3.18
K\ur_ 6
1
/
2
^h 8
1
/
4
\dexqbl_evgh
0.155 3.94
K\ur_ 8
1
/
4
^h 9
1
/
2
\dexqbl_evgh
0.203 5.16
K\ur_ 9
1
/
2
0.480
12.19
Jbk. 15. Mly`_e_ggu_ [mjbevgu_ ljm[u
Jbk. 16. We_f_glu dhgkljmdpbc kh_^bg_gbc ^ey kgylby gZijy`_gbc
API SPEC 7:1997
55
Jbk. 17. :evl_jgZlb\guc we_f_gl dhgkljmdpbb kh_^bg_gby
fmnlh\h]h lbiZ ^ey kgylby gZijy`_gbc
Jbk. 18. We_f_gl dhgkljmdpbb, kgb`Zxsbc djmlysbc fhf_gl, ^ey
GhjfZevguo (Regular) kh_^bg_gbc 8
5
/
8
, \uiheg_gguc f_oZgbq_kdhc
h[jZ[hldhc gZ gZjm`guo ^bZf_ljZo k\ur_ 10
1
/
2
^xcfZ (266,7
fbeebf_ljh\), bkdexqZy fmnlh\u_ kh_^bg_gby ^hehl
8.3.3 GZ g_fZ]gblgu_ mly`_e_ggu_ [mjbevgu_ ljm[u ^he`gh [ulv
gZg_k_gh de_cfh k mdZaZgb_f bf_gb ba]hlh\bl_ey beb _]h fZjdb,
'Spec7, h[hagZq_gby g_fZ]gblghklb, k_jbcgh]h ghf_jZ ba]hlh\bl_ey,
gZjm`gh]h ^bZf_ljZ, b \_ebqbgu hl\_jklby. Ijbf_j gb`_
beexkljbjm_l wlb lj_[h\Zgby d fZjdbjh\d_. JZkiheh`_gb_ fZjdbjh\hd
b ijbf_g_gb_ ^hihegbl_evguo fZjdbjh\hd ^he`gh [ulv mklZgh\e_gh
ba]hlh\bl_e_f. Ijbf_j fZjdbjh\db:
GZ mly`_e_gghc [mjbevghc ljm[_ 8
1
/
4
^xcfh\ k hl\_jklb_f 2
13
/
16
^xcfZ, ba]hlh\e_gghc dhfiZgb_c : <, ^he`gh [ulv hlrlZfih\Zgh
ke_^mxs__:
API SPEC 7:1997
56
: < Kh (beb fZjdZ)
8
1
/
4
2
13
/
16
NMDC 6
5
/
8
REG SPEC7
LZ[ebpZ 16. We_f_glu dhgkljmdpbc ^ey kgylby gZijy`_gbc \
kh_^bg_gbyo mly`_e_gguo [mjbevguo ljm[
1 2 3 4 5 6
Ghf_j beb
jZaf_j b lbi
kh_^bg_gby
Z
>ebgZ hl mihjghc
ih\_joghklb aZie_qbdZ ^h
ihke_^g_c jbkdb j_av[u gZ
fmnl_,
^xcf,
1
/
16
^xcfZ
L
x
>bZf_lj
pbebg^jbq_kdhc qZklb
fmnlu,
^xcf.
1
/
64
-0 ^xcfZ
D
CB
Dhgmkghklv h[eZklb ihaZ^b
pbebg^jbq_kdhc qZklb
fmnlu,
^xcf/nml,
1
/
4
^xcf/nml,
dhgmk gZ nml (T.P.F.)
>bZf_lj gbii_ey \
dZgZ\d_,
^xcf, +0 -0.31
^xcfZ,
D
RG
>ebgZ hl mihjghc
ih\_joghklb aZie_qbdZ
^h dZgZ\db fmnlu,
^xcf, 0 -
1
/
8
^xcfZ,
L
RG
NC35 3
1
/
4
3
15
/
64
2 3.231 3
3
/
8
NC38 (3
1
/
2
IF) 3
1
/
2
3
15
/
32
2 3.508 3
5
/
8
NC40 (4 FH) 4 3
21
/
32
2 3.772 4
1
/
8
NC44 4 4 2 4.117 4
1
/
8
NC46 (4 IF) 4 4
13
/
64
2 4.326 4
1
/
8
NC50 (4
1
/
2
IF) 4 4
5
/
8
2 4.742 4
1
/
8
NC56 4
1
/
2
4
51
/
64
3 5.277 4
5
/
8
NC61 5 5
15
/
64
3 5.839 5
1
/
8
NC70 5
1
/
2
5
63
/
64
3 6.714 5
5
/
8
NC77 6 6
35
/
64
3 7.402 6
1
/
8
4
1
/
2
REG 3
3
/
4
3
23
/
32
3 4.013 3
7
/
8
4
1
/
2
FH 3
1
/
2
3
61
/
64
3 4.180 3
5
/
8
5
1
/
2
REG 4
1
/
4
4
1
/
2
3 4.869 4
3
/
8
6
5
/
8
REG 4
1
/
2
5
9
/
32
2 5.417 4
5
/
8
7
5
/
8
REG 4
3
/
4
5
55
/
64
3 6.349 4
7
/
8
8
5
/
8
REG 4
7
/
8
6
25
/
32
3 7.301 5
IJBF?Q:GBY:
1. Kf. jbk. 16 b 17.
2. Kf. f_ljbq_kdb_ lZ[ebpu \ ijbeh`_gbb F.
Z
Kh_^bg_gby NC23, NC26 (2
3
/
8
IF), b NC31 (2
7
/
8
IF) g_ bf_xl ^hklZlhqgh]h h[t_fZ f_lZeeZ ^ey kha^Zgby we_f_glh\ dhgkljmdpbc ^ey kgylby
gZijy`_gbc.
LZ[ebpZ 17. F_oZgbq_kdb_ k\hckl\Z b bkiulZgby gh\uo
klZg^Zjlguo klZevguo mly`_e_gguo [mjbevguo ljm[
1 2 3 4 5
FbgbfZevguc ij_^_e l_dmq_klb FbgbfZevguc ij_^_e ijhqghklb gZ
jZkly`_gb_
>bZiZahg agZq_gbc
gZjm`gh]h ^bZf_ljZ
mly`_e_gguo
[mjbevguo ljm[ nmgl/d\. ^xcf G/ff
2
nmgl/d\. ^xcf G/ff
2
M^ebg_gb_,
fbgbfZevgh_, ijb ^ebg_
[Zau jZ\ghc q_luj_f
^bZf_ljZf, ijhp_gl
FbgbfZevgZy
l\_j^hklv ih
;jbg_eex
hl 3
1
/
8
^h 6
7
/
8
110000 758 140000 965 13 285
hl 7 ^h 11 100000 689 135000 931 13 285
IJBF?Q:GBY:
1. OZjZdl_jbklbdb gZ jZkly`_gb_ ^he`gu hij_^_eylvky \ bkiulZgbyo gZ pbebg^jbq_kdbo h[jZapZo, khhl\_lkl\mxsbo lj_[h\Zgbyf ^_ckl\mxs_]h
klZg^ZjlZ ASTM :370 ih f_lh^bd_ hklZlhqghc ^_nhjfZpbb 0,2 ijhp_glZ.
2. H[jZapu ^ey bkiulZgbc gZ jZkly`_gb_ ba mly`_e_gguo [mjbevguo ljm[ ^he`gu hl[bjZlvky gZ jZkklhygbb lj_o nmlh\ (0,9 f_ljZ) hl dhgph\
mly`_e_gguo [mjbevguo ljm[ \ ijh^hevghf gZijZ\e_gbb, ijb jZkiheh`_gbb bo p_gljZevghc ebgbb gZ jZkklhygbb 1 ^xcf (25,4 ff) hl gZjm`ghc
ih\_joghklb, beb ihk_j_^bg_ lhesbgu kl_gdb, kfhljy qlh [eb`_ d gZjm`ghc ih\_joghklb.
3. BkiulZgby gZ l\_j^hklv ^he`gu ijh\h^blvky gZ gZjm`ghf ^bZf_lj_ mly`_e_gghc [mjbevghc ljm[u k ijbf_g_gb_f f_lh^Z bkiulZgbc gZ
l\_j^hklv ih ;jbg_eex (\ dZq_kl\_ Zevl_jgZlb\gh]h ijb_fe_fh bkihevah\Zgb_ f_lh^Z bkiulZgbc ih Jhd\_eem-K), khhl\_lkl\mxs_]h
lj_[h\Zgbyf ^_ckl\mxs_]h klZg^ZjlZ ASTM :370.
API SPEC 7:1997
57
LZ[ebpZ 18. Kh_^bg_gby ^ey gb`gbo mly`_e_gguo [mjbevguo ljm[
>bZf_lj nZkdb
JZaf_j: GZjm`guc
^bZf_lj
Gb`g__ fmnlh\h_ kh_^bg_gb_ ^xcf
1
/
64
ff 0.40
hl 4
1
/
8
^h 4
1
/
2
\dexqbl_evgh
2
7
/
8
REG 3
39
/
64
91.68
hl 4
3
/
4
^h 5 \dexqbl_evgh
3
1
/
2
REG 4
7
/
64
104.38
hl 6 ^h 7 \dexqbl_evgh
4
1
/
2
REG 5
21
/
64
135.33
hl 7 ^h 7
1
/
4
\dexqbl_evgh
5
1
/
2
RBG 6
1
/
2
165.10
hl 7
3
/
4
^o 9 \dexqbl_evgh
6
5
/
8
REG 7
23
/
64
186.93
hl 9
1
/
2
^o 10 \dexqbl_evgh
7
5
/
8
REG 8
15
/
32
215.11
11 \dexqbl_evgh
8
5
/
8
REG 9
35
/
64
242.49
LZ[ebpZ 19. >hihegbl_evgu_ g_fZ]gblgu_ mly`_e_ggu_ [mjbevgu_
ljm[u
1 2 3 4 5 6
GZjm`guc ^bZf_lj Hl\_jklb_ >ebgZ, nmlh\, f_ljh\ >bZf_lj nZkdb
L D
F
Ghf_j mly`_e_gghc
[mjbevghc ljm[u ^xcf ff
+
1
/
16
-0
^xcfh\
+1.6 -0
ff
+6 0
^xcfh\
+152.4 -0
ff

1
/
64
^xcfh\
0.4
ff
KijZ\hqguc
dhwnnbpb_gl
ijhqghklb gZ ba]b[
NC 50-67 (4
1
/
2
IF) 6
3
/
4
171.5 2
13
/
16
71.4 30 beb 31 9.14 beb 9.45 6
9
/
32
159.5 2.37:1
Z
IJBF?Q:GB?. Kf. jbk. 15 b lZ[ebpm 13.
Z
NC50-67(4
1
/
2
IF) ijb \gmlj_gg_f ^bZf_lj_ 2
3
/
16
bf__l dhwnnbpb_gl ijhqghklb gZ ba]b[ 2.37:1, qlh khhl\_lkl\m_l [hevr_c ijhqghklb gbii_evguo
kh_^bg_gbc, q_f ghjfZevgh ijb_fe_fh ^ey klZg^Zjlguo klZevguo mly`_e_gguo [mjbevguo ljm[, gh dZd hdZaZehkv y\ey_lky ijb_fe_fuf ^ey
g_fZ]gblguo mly`_e_gguo [mjbevguo ljm[.
LZ[ebpZ 20. F_oZgbq_kdb_ k\hckl\Z b bkiulZgby, gh\u_
g_fZ]gblgu_ mly`_e_ggu_ [mjbevgu_ ljm[u
G_j`Z\_xsb_ klZeb ;_jbeeb_\h-f_^guc kieZ\
FbgbfZevguc
ij_^_e l_dmq_klb
FbgbfZevguc
ij_^_e ijhqghklb gZ
jZkly`_gb_
FbgbfZevguc
ij_^_e l_dmq_klb
FbgbfZevguc ij_^_e
ijhqghklb gZ
jZkly`_gb_
>bZiZahg
gZjm`guo
^bZf_ljh\
mly`_e_gguo
[mjbevguo
ljm[, ^xcfh\
nmgl/d\.
^xcf G/ff
2
nmgl/d\.
^xcf G/ff
2
FbgbfZev-
gh_ hlghkb-
l_evgh_
m^ebg_gb_,
ijhp_glu
nmgl/d\.
^xcf G/ff
2
nmgl/d\.
^xcf G/ff
2
FbgbfZev
gh_
hlghkbl_ev
gh_
m^ebg_gb_,
ijhp_glu
hl 3
1
/
2
^h 6
7
/
8
110000 758 120000 827 18 110000 758 140000 965 12
hl 7 ^h 11 100000 689 110000 758 20 100000 689 135000 931 13
IJBF?Q:GBY:
1. OZjZdl_jbklbdb gZ jZkly`_gb_ ^he`gu hij_^_eylvky \ bkiulZgbyo gZ pbebg^jbq_kdbo h[jZapZo, bf_xsbo ^ebgm [Zau jZ\gmx q_luj_f
^bZf_ljZf, b khhl\_lkl\mxsbo lj_[h\Zgbyf ^_ckl\mxs_]h klZg^ZjlZ ASTM ?8, ih f_lh^bd_ hklZlhqghc ^_nhjfZpbb 0,2 ijhp_glZ.
2. H[jZapu ^ey bkiulZgbc gZ jZkly`_gb_ ^he`gu hl[bjZlvky ba ba[ulhqgh]h fZl_jbZeZ gZ jZkklhygbb \ ij_^_eZo lj_o nmlh\ (0,9 f_ljh\) hl
dhgpZ mly`_e_gghc [mjbevghc ljm[u b ih j_r_gbx ba]hlh\bl_ey fh]ml [ulv hjb_glbjh\Zgu eb[h \ ijh^hevghf, eb[h \ ihi_j_qghf
gZijZ\e_gbb. >Zggu_ h[ hjb_glZpbb h[jZapZ ^he`gu [ulv \dexq_gu \ hlq_l. Kj_^gyy lhqdZ [Zau h[jZapZ ^he`gZ jZkiheZ]Zlvky gZ jZkklhygbb,
dZd fbgbfmf, 1 ^xcf (25 fbeebf_ljh\) hl gZjm`ghc ih\_joghklb beb ihk_j_^bg_ lhesbgu kl_gdb, kfhljy qlh [eb`_ d gZjm`ghc ih\_joghklb.
9 >hehlZ ^ey kiehrgh]h b dhehgdh\h]h [mj_gby
9.1 RZjhr_qgh_ ^hehlh b ehiZklgh_ ^hehlh j_`ms_]h lbiZ
9.1.1 JZaf_j
RZjhr_qgu_ ^hehlZ ^he`gu ihklZ\eylvky ijb jZaf_jZo,
API SPEC 7:1997
58
h[mkeh\e_gguo \ aZdZa_ ihdmiZl_ey. Ih \hijhkm h[uqgh bkihevam_fuo
jZaf_jh\ rZjhr_qguo ^hehl kfhljbl_ J_dhf_g^m_fu_ f_lh^u 7G.
EhiZklgu_ ^hehlZ j_`ms_]h lbiZ lZd`_ ^he`gu ihklZ\eylvky k
jZaf_jZfb, mklZgh\e_ggufb \ aZdZa_ ihdmiZl_ey.
9.1.2 >himkdb
Dhgljhebjm_fuc ^bZf_lj j_`ms_c qZklb dhjhgdb ^he`_g
khhl\_lkl\h\Zlv h[hagZq_gbx jZaf_jZ, ijb ke_^mxsbo ^himkdZo:
>himkd JZaf_j ^hehlZ
^xcf ^xcf ff
hl 3
3
/
8
^h 13
3
/
4
\de.
hl 14 ^h 17
1
/
2
\de.
17
5
/
8
b [hevr_
+
1
/
32
-0
+
1
/
16
-0
+
3
/
32
-0
+0.80 -0
+1.59 -0
+2.38 -0
9.1.3 Kh_^bg_gby
RZjhr_qgu_ ^hehlZ ^he`gu ihklZ\eylvky ijb jZaf_jZo b lbiZo
kh_^bg_gbc gbii_evgh]h lbiZ, mdZaZgguo \ lZ[e. 21. EhiZklgu_
j_`msb_ ^hehlZ ihklZ\eyxlky k aZfdh\ufb kh_^bg_gbyfb, jZaf_ju b
lbiu dhlhjuo mdZaZgu \ lZ[e. 22, b dhlhju_ ^he`gu [ulv eb[h
gbii_evgh]h, eb[h fmnlh\h]h lbiZ.
9.1.4 FZjdbjh\dZ
;mjh\u_ ^hehlZ ^he`gu bf_lv rlZfih\Zggh_ de_cfh,
jZkiheh`_ggh_ g_ gZ f_kl_ ijb\Zjgh]h aZie_qbdZ, b kh^_j`Zs__ bfy
ba]hlh\bl_ey beb _]h fZjdm, 'Spec7, Z lZd`_ jZaf_j b lbi kh_^bg_gby.
Gb`_ ijb\_^_g ijbf_j:
GZ [mjh\hf ^hehl_ 7
7
/
8
, bf_xs_f kh_^bg_gb_ ^ey jhlhjgh]h
[mj_gby 4
1
/
2
REG, ^he`gh [ulv hlrlZfih\Zgh ke_^mxs__:
: < Kh (beb fZjdZ) 7
7
/
8
SPEC7 4
1
/
2
REG
API SPEC 7:1997
59
9.2 :efZagu_ ^hehlZ ^ey kiehrgh]h b dhehgdh\h]h [mj_gby, ^hehlZ,
bfij_]gbjh\Zggu_ ihebdjbklZeebq_kdbfb ZefZaZfb (PDC)
9.2.1 >himkdb gZ ZefZagu_ ^hehlZ
:efZagu_ ^hehlZ ^ey kiehrgh]h [mj_gby, dhehgdh\u_ ZefZagu_
[mjbevgu_ ^hehlZ, bfij_]gbjh\Zggu_ ihebdjbklZeebq_kdbfb ZefZaZfb
(PDC) ^he`gu khhl\_lkl\h\Zlv ^himkdZf gZ gZjm`guc ^bZf_lj,
mdZaZgguf \ lZ[e. 23.
9.2.2 Kh_^bg_gby ZefZaguo [mjh\uo dhjhghd b ^hehl k
ihebdjbklZeebq_kdbfb ZefZagufb \klZ\dZfb (PDC)
:efZagu_ [mjh\u_ dhjhgdb b ^hehlZ bfij_]gbjh\Zggu_
ihebdjbklZeebq_kdbfb ZefZaZfb (PDC) ^he`gu ihklZ\eylvky ijb
jZaf_jZo b lbiZo gbii_evguo kh_^bg_gbc, ihdZaZgguo \ lZ[e. 24. <k_
kh_^bg_gby ^he`gu [ulv ijZ\ufb.
9.2.3 Ijh\_^_gb_ baf_j_gbc gZ ZefZaguo ^hehlZo b ^hehlZo k
bfij_]gbjh\Zggufb ihebdjbklZeebq_kdbfb ZefZaZfb (PDC)
Dhgljhev gZjm`gh]h ^bZf_ljZ \k_o ^hehl ZefZaguo b
bfij_]gbjh\Zgguo ihebdjbklZeebq_kdbfb ZefZaZfb (PDC) ^he`_g
ijhba\h^blvky \ khhl\_lkl\bb k mdZaZggufb gb`_ ijZ\beZfb
ijbf_g_gby dhevp_\uo dZeb[jh\.
9.2.3.1 L_ogbq_kdb_ mkeh\by gZ dZeb[ju
' Ijhoh^ghc b G_ijhoh^ghc dZeb[ju ^he`gu ba]hlZ\eb\Zlvky
\ khhl\_lkl\bb k jbk. 19 b hibkZgb_f gb`_:
Z. ' Ijhoh^ghc b G_ijhoh^ghc dZeb[ju ^he`gu ij_^klZ\eylv
kh[hc dhevpZ, ba]hlh\e_ggu_ ba 1-^xcfh\hc klZeb, ijb gZjm`ghf
^bZf_lj_, jZ\ghf ghfbgZevghfm jZaf_jm ^hehlZ iexk 1
1
/
2
^xcfZ
(38.1 ff).
b. <gmlj_ggbc ^bZf_lj ' Ijhoh^gh]h dZeb[jZ ^he`_g [ulv jZ\_g
ghfbgZevghfm jZaf_jm ^hehlZ iexk aZahj 0,002 ^xcfZ (0,051 ff)
ijb ^himkd_ 0,003, -0 ^xcfZ (0,076, -0 fbeebf_ljZ).
API SPEC 7:1997
60
k. <gmlj_ggbc ^bZf_lj ' G_ijhoh^gh]h dZeb[jZ ^he`_g [ulv
jZ\_g fbgbfZevghfm jZaf_jm ^hehlZ (ghfbgZevguc jZaf_j fbgmk
fZdkbfZevguc hljbpZl_evguc ^himkd) fbgmk 0.002 ^xcfZ gZ
ihkZ^dm k ^himkdhf 0, -0,003 ^xcfZ (0. -0,076 fbeebf_ljZ).
9.2.3.2 Kihkh[ baf_j_gby
' Ijhoh^ghc b G_ijhoh^ghc dZeb[ju ^he`gu bkihevah\Zlvky
ke_^mxsbf h[jZahf:
Z. < kemqZ_ ijb_fe_fhclb ijhba\h^kl\_ggh_ ^hehlh ^he`gh
ijhoh^blv q_j_a ' Ijhoh^ghc dZeb[j (ba^_eb_ g_ y\ey_lky
kebrdhf [hevrbf).
b. < kemqZ_ ijb_fe_fhclb ijhba\h^kl\_ggh_ ^hehlh g_ ^he`gh
ijhoh^blv q_j_a ' G_ijhoh^ghc dZeb[j (ba^_eb_ g_ y\ey_lky
kebrdhf fZe_gvdbf).
k. Ijb lhqguo baf_j_gbyo l_fi_jZlmjZ dZd ' Ijhoh^gh]h, lZd b '
G_ijhoh^gh]h dZeb[jZ g_ ^he`gZ hlebqZlvky hl l_fi_jZlmju
^hehlZ beb ]heh\db dhehgdh\h]h ^hehlZ [hevr_ q_f gZ 20F
(11K).
9.2.4 FZjdbjh\dZ
:efZagu_ ^hehlZ ^ey kiehrgh]h b dhehgdh\h]h [mj_gby b ^hehlZ,
bfij_]gbjh\Zggu_ ihebdjbklZeebq_kdbfb ZefZaZfb ^he`gu [ulv
fZjdbjh\Zgu ke_^mxsbf h[jZahf:
Z. :efZagu_ [mjbevgu_ ^hehlZ b ^hehlZ k ihebdjbklZeebq_kdbfb
ZefZaZfb ^he`gu [ulv gZ^_`gh b q_ldh fZjdbjh\Zgu, gh g_ gZ
f_kl_, ijb\Zjgh]h aZie_qbdZ, bf_g_f ba]hlh\bl_ey beb _]h
fZjdhc, mdZaZgb_f jZaf_jZ dhjhgdb, 'Spec 7, b mdZaZgb_f jZaf_jZ
b lbiZ kh_^bg_gby.
Gb`_ ijb\_^_g ijbf_j:
>hehlh 7
1
/
2
k jhlhjguf kh_^bg_gb_f 4
1
/
2
REG ^he`gZ [ulv
fZjdbjh\ZgZ rlZfih\dhc dZd mdZaZgh gb`_:
: < Kh (beb fZjdZ) 7
1
/
2
SPEC 7 4
1
/
2
REG
API SPEC 7:1997
61
b. GZ ZefZaghf dhehgdh\hf ^hehl_ ^he`gh [ulv gZ^_`gh b q_ldh
gZg_k_gh h[hagZq_gb_, gh g_ gZ f_kl_ ijb\Zjgh]h aZie_qbdZ,
\dexqZxs__ bfy ba]hlh\bl_ey beb _]h fZjdm b 'SPEC 7, dZd
ihdZaZgh gb`_:
: < (beb fZjdZ) SPEC7
Ihkdhevdm \b^ kh_^bg_gby gZ ZefZaghf dhehgdh\hf ^hehl_
aZ\bkbl hl \eZ^_evpZ, hgh a^_kv g_ mdZaZgh. FZjdbjh\dZ 'Spec7
ihdZau\Z_l, qlh ^jm]b_ jZaf_jgu_ lj_[h\Zgby m^h\e_l\hjyxlky.
Jbk. 19. JZaf_ju dZeb[jh\ ^ey ZefZagh]h ^hehlZ b ^hehlZ,
bfij_]gbjh\Zggh]h ihebdjbklZeebq_kdbfb ZefZaZfb (PDC)
LZ[ebpZ 21. Kh_^bg_gby rZjhr_qgh]h ^hehlZ
l 2 3 4
>bZf_lj nZkdb i_j_\h^gbdZ ^hehlZ
Z
>bZf_lj nZkdb ^hehlZ
Z
JZaf_j ^hehlZ,
^xcfu
JZaf_j b lbi
gbii_evguo jhlhjguo
kh_^bg_gbc ^xcfh\
1
/
64
fbeebf_ljh\ 0.40 ^xcfh\
1
/
64
fbeebf_ljh\ 0.40
hl 3
3
/
4
^h 4
1
/
2
\dexqbl_evgh
2
3
/
8
REG 3
3
/
64 77.39
3
5
/
64 78.18
hl 4
5
/
8
^h 5

\dexqbl_evgh 2
7
/
8
REG 3
39
/
64 91.68
3
41
/
64 93.66
hl 5
1
/
8
^h 7
3
/
8
\dexqbl_evgh
3
1
/
2
REG 4
7
/
64 104.38
4
9
/
64 105.17
hl 7
1
/
2
^h 9
3
/
8
\dexqbl_evgh
4
1
/
2
REG 5
21
/
64 135.33
5
23
/
64 136.13
hl 9
1
/
2
^h 14
3
/
8
\dexqbl_evgh
6
5
/
8
REG 7
23
/
64 186.93
7
25
/
64 187.72
hl 14
1
/
2
^h 18
1
/
2
\dexqbl_evgh
6
5
/
8
REG beb 7
5
/
8
REG 7
23
/
64
beb 8
15
/
32 186.93 beb 2I5.11
7
25
/
64
beb 8
1
/
2 187.72 beb 2l5.90
hl 18
5
/
8
^h 26
\dexqbl_evgh
7
5
/
8
REG beb 8
5
/
8
REG 8
15
/
32
beb 9
35
/
64 215.11 beb 242.49
8
1
/
2
beb 9
37
/
64 215.90 beb 243.28
27 b [hevr_ 8
5
/
8
REG 9
35
/
64 242.49
9
37
/
64 243.28
Z
>bZf_lj nZkdb y\ey_lky gZjm`guf ^bZf_ljhf dhglZdlghc ih\_joghklb jhlhjguo kh_^bg_gbc k aZie_qbdZfb.
API SPEC 7:1997
62
LZ[ebpZ 22. Kh_^bg_gby ehiZklgh]h ^hehlZ j_`ms_]h lbiZ
l 2 3 4
>bZf_lj nZkdb i_j_\h^gbdZ ^hehlZ
Z
>bZf_lj nZkdb ^hehlZ
Z
JZaf_j ^hehlZ,
^xcfu
JZaf_j b lbi
gbii_evguo jhlhjguo
kh_^bg_gbc ^xcfh\
1
/
64
fbeebf_ljh\ 0.40 ^xcfh\
1
/
64
fbeebf_ljh\ 0.40
hl 3
3
/
4
^h 4
1
/
2
\dexqbl_evgh
2
3
/
8
REG, gbii_evgh_
beb fmnlh\h_
3
3
/
64 77.39
3
5
/
64 78.18
hl 4
5
/
8
^h 5

\dexqbl_evgh 2
7
/
8
REG, gbii_evgh_
beb fmnlh\h_
3
39
/
64 91.68
3
41
/
64 93.66
hl 5
1
/
8
^h 7
3
/
8
\dexqbl_evgh
3
1
/
2
REG, gbii_evgh_
beb fmnlh\h_
4
7
/
64 104.38
4
9
/
64 105.17
hl 7
1
/
2
^h 8
1
/
2
\dexqbl_evgh
4
1
/
2
REG, gbii_evgh_
beb fmnlh\h_
5
21
/
64 135.33
5
23
/
64 136.13
hl 8
5
/
8
^h 9
7
/
8
\dexqbl_evgh
5
1
/
2
REG, gbii_evgh_
beb fmnlh\h_
6
1
/
2 165.10
6
17
/
32 165.89
[hevr_ q_f 9
7
/
8
6
5
/
8
REG, gbii_evgh_
beb fmnlh\h_
7
23
/
64 186.93
7
25
/
64 187.72
Z
>bZf_lj nZkdb y\ey_lky gZjm`guf ^bZf_ljhf dhglZdlghc ih\_joghklb jhlhjguo kh_^bg_gbc k aZie_qbdZfb.
LZ[ebpZ 23. >himkdb gZ ZefZagu_ ^hehlZ ^ey kiehrgh]h b
dhehgdh\h]h [mj_gby b ^hehlZ, bfij_]gbjh\Zggu_
ihebdjbklZeebq_kdbfb ZefZaZfb (PDC)
1 2
>himkd gZ gZjm`guc ^bZf_lj
Z
JZaf_j ^hehlZ, gZjm`guc
^bZf_lj,
^xcfu
^xcfu fbeebf_lju
6
3
/
4
b f_gvr_ +0-0.015 +0-0.38
hl 6
25
/
32
^h 9 \dexqbl_evgh +0-0.020 +0-0.51
hl 9
1
/
32
^h 13
3
/
4
\dexqbl_evgh +0-0.030 +0-0.76
hl 13
25
/
32
^h 17
1
/
2
\dexqbl_evgh +0-0.045 +0-1.14
17
17
/
32
b [hevr_ +0-0.063 +0-1.60
a
H[s_ijbgylh, qlh ijb g_dhlhjuo ijbf_g_gbyo ba]hlh\bl_ev ^hehl k bfij_]gbjh\Zgguo ihebbdjbklZeebq_kdbfb ZefZaZfb (PDC), bf__l ijZ\h
ijbf_gylv ^himkdb, ^jm]b_ q_f mdZaZgu \ lZ[e. 23. Ihke_ ba]hlh\e_gby lZdb_ ^hehlZ jZkkfZljb\Zxlky dZd g_ khhl\_lkl\mxsb_ ^Zgguf
l_ogbq_kdbf mkeh\byf.
LZ[ebpZ 24. Kh_^bg_gby ZefZaguo [mjh\uo ^hehl b ^hehl,
bfij_]gbjh\Zgguo ihebdjbklZeebq_kdbfb ZefZaZfb (PDC)
l 2 3 4
>bZf_lj nZkdb i_j_\h^gbdZ ^hehlZ
Z
>bZf_lj nZkdb ^hehlZ
Z
JZaf_j ^hehlZ,
^xcfu
JZaf_j b lbi
gbii_evguo
jhlhjguo
c
^xcfh\
1
/
64
fbeebf_ljh\ 0.40 ^xcfh\
1
/
64
fbeebf_ljh\ 0.40
hl 3
11
/
16
^h 4
1
/
2
\dexqbl_evgh 2
3
/
8
REG 3
3
/
64 77.39
3
5
/
64 78.18
hl 4
17
/
32
^h 5

\dexqbl_evgh 2
7
/
8
REG 3
39
/
64 91.68
3
41
/
64 93.66
hl 5
1
/
32
^h 7
3
/
8
\dexqbl_evgh 3
1
/
2
REG 4
7
/
64 104.38
4
9
/
64 105.17
hl 7
13
/
32
^h 9
3
/
8
\dexqbl_evgh 4
1
/
2
REG 5
21
/
64 135.33
5
23
/
64 136.13
hl 9
13
/
32
^h 14
1
/
2
\dexqbl_evgh 6
5
/
8
REG 7
23
/
64 186.93
7
25
/
64 187.72
hl 14
9
/
16
^h 18
1
/
2
\dexqbl_evgh 6
5
/
8
REG beb 7
5
/
8
REG
7
23
/
64
beb 8
15
/
32 186.93 beb 2I5.11
7
25
/
64
beb 8
1
/
2 187.72 beb 2l5.90
18
9
/
16
b [hevr_ 7
5
/
8
REG beb 8
5
/
8
REG
8
15
/
32
beb 9
35
/
64 215.11 beb 242.49
8
1
/
2
beb 9
37
/
64 218.90 beb 243.28
Z
>bZf_lj nZkdb y\ey_lky gZjm`guf ^bZf_ljhf dhglZdlghc ih\_joghklb jhlhjguo kh_^bg_gbc k aZie_qbdZfb.
API SPEC 7:1997
63
10 Jhlhjgu_ kh_^bg_gby k aZie_qbdZfb
10.1 JZaf_ju b lbiu
Jhlhjgu_ kh_^bg_gby k aZie_qbdZfb ^he`gu ihklZ\eylvky ijb
jZaf_jZo b lbiZo, mdZaZgguo \ lZ[e. 25.
10.2 JZaf_ju
JZaf_ju jhlhjguo kh_^bg_gbc k aZie_qbdZfb ^he`gu
khhl\_lkl\h\Zlv ^Zgguf lZ[e. 25 b 26.
JZaf_ju, mdZaZggu_ \ lZ[e. 25 b 26, ^ey dhlhjuo g_ ijb\_^_gu
ghfbgZevgu_ ^himkdb, y\eyxlky kijZ\hqgufb. Hldehg_gb_ hl wlbo
jZaf_jh\ g_ ^he`gh ijb\h^blv d hl[jZdh\d_.
10.2.1 DhglZdlgu_ ih\_joghklb aZie_qbdh\ jhlhjguo kh_^bg_gbc k
aZie_qbdZfb ^he`gu jZkiheZ]Zlvky ih^ ijyfuf m]ehf d hkb j_av[u k
lhqghklvx 0,002 ^xcfZ (0.05 fbeebf_ljZ).
10.2.2 DhglZdlgu_ ih\_joghklb aZie_qbdh\ jhlhjguo kh_^bg_gbc k
aZie_qbdZfb ^he`gu [ulv iehkdbfb k lhqghklvx 0,002 ^xcfZ (0.05
fbeebf_ljZ).
10.2.3 J_av[Z jhlhjguo kh_^bg_gbc k aZie_qbdZfb ^he`gZ [ulv
ba]hlh\e_gZ k kh[ex^_gb_f ^himkdh\ gZ hldehg_gb_ hl ghfbgZevguo
jZaf_jh\, mdZaZgguo \ jZa^_e_ 11 gZklhysbo l_ogbq_kdbo mkeh\bc.
10.2.4 Hkb j_av[ jhlhjguo kh_^bg_gbc k aZie_qbdZfb, aZ bkdexq_gb_f
^hehlZ, g_ ^he`gu hldehgylvky hl ijh_dlbjm_fh]h iheh`_gby \ ba^_ebb
gZ m]he [hevr_ q_f 0 ]jZ^mkh\, 3 fbgmlu, 26 k_dmg^ (0.001 ^xcfZ gZ
^xcf |0,03 fbeebf_ljZ gZ fbeebf_lj|) jZkq_lghc hkb. Ij_^iheZ]Z_lky,
qlh jZkq_lgZy hkv bf__l i_j_k_q_gb_ k hkvx j_av[u \ iehkdhklb kludZ
aZie_qbdZ.
10.2.5 >himkd gZ rZ] j_av[u jhlhjgh]h kh_^bg_gby k aZie_qbdZfb
^he`_g [ulv ke_^mxsbf:
API SPEC 7:1997
64
Z. 0,0015 ^xcfZ gZ ^xcf (0,0038 fbeebf_ljh\ gZ fbeebf_lj) gZ
dZ`^uc ^xcf (fbeebf_lj) f_`^m i_j\uf b ihke_^gbf \bldhf
j_av[u, bf_xsbf ihegmx ]em[bgm.
b. 0,0045 ^xcfZ (0,0114 fbeebf_ljZ) f_`^m i_j\uf b
ihke_^gbf \bldhf j_av[u, bf_xsbf ihegmx ]em[bgm, beb kmffZ
0.001 ^xcfh\ (0.025 fbeebf_ljh\) gZ dZ`^uc ^xcf (ff) f_`^m
i_j\uf b ihke_^gbf \bldhf j_av[u, bf_xsbf ihegmx ]em[bgm,
kfhljy qlh [hevr_.
10.2.6 >himkdb gZ dhgmkghklv jhlhjgh]h kh_^bg_gby k aZie_qbdZfb
^he`gu [ulv ke_^mxsbfb:
Z. >ey gbii_evghc j_av[u: kj_^gyy dhgmkghklv f_`^m i_j\uf b
ihke_^gbf \bldhf j_av[u, bf_xsbf ihegmx ]em[bgm, 0.030, -
0,000 ^xcfh\ gZ nml (2,50, -0,00 fbeebf_ljZ gZ f_lj).
b. >ey fmnlh\hc j_av[u: kj_^gyy dhgmkghklv f_`^m i_j\uf b
ihke_^gbf \bldhf j_av[u, bf_xsbf ihegmx ]em[bgm, 0.000, -
0,030 ^xcfh\ gZ nml (0.00, -2,50 fbeebf_ljZ gZ f_lj).
< ijbeh`_gbb G d gZklhysbf l_ogbq_kdbf mkeh\byf kh^_j`blky
hibkZgb_ khhl\_lkl\mxs_]h bgkljmf_glZ ^ey hij_^_e_gby dhgmkghklb.
10.2.7 JZaf_jgu_ lj_[h\Zgby gZ ^bZf_lj hkgh\Zgby gbii_ey
ke_^mxsb_:
Z. Mly`_e_ggu_ [mjbevgu_ ljm[u ^he`gu khhl\_lkl\h\Zlv jZaf_jm
D
LF
dhehgdb 7, lZ[e. 25 b ^he`gu bf_lv jZ^bmk \ hkgh\Zgbb
gbii_ey 0.062 ^xcfZ (1,59 fbeebf_ljZ), dZd ihdZaZgh gZ jbk. 20,
djhf_ kemqZy ijbf_g_gby dZgZ\hd ^ey kgylby gZijy`_gby.
b. JZaf_j D
LF,
dhehgdZ 7 lZ[e. 25, b jZ^bmk \ hkgh\Zgbb
gbii_evgh]h kh_^bg_gby, ihdZaZgguc gZ jbk. 20, y\eyxlky
ijhba\hevgufb ^ey \k_o we_f_glh\ [mjbevguo dhehgg, djhf_
mly`_e_gguo [mjbevguo ljm[.
API SPEC 7:1997
65
10.3 Wd\b\Ze_glgu_ kh_^bg_gby
Gb`_ ijb\_^_gu ghf_jZ kh_^bg_gbc b wd\b\Ze_glgu_ bf
kh_^bg_gby:
Ghf_j kh_^bg_gby Wd\b\Ze_glgh_ kh_^bg_gb_
NC26
NC31
NC38
NC40
NC46
NC50
2
3
/
8
IF
2
7
/
8
IF
3
1
/
2
IF
4 FH
4 IF
4
1
/
2
IF
Qbkeh, khhl\_lkl\mxs__ ghf_jm kh_^bg_gby \ dhehgd_ 1 lZ[e. 25,
y\ey_lky ^bZf_ljhf gZqZevghc hdjm`ghklb j_av[u gbii_ey \ lhqd_
aZf_jZ, hdjm]e_gguf ^h _^bgbp b ^_kyluo ^he_c ^xcfZ.
LZ[ebpZ 25. JZaf_ju jhlhjguo kh_^bg_gbc k aZie_qbdZfb
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Ghf_j
kh_^bg_-
gby beb
jZaf_j
NhjfZ
j_av[u
Qbkeh
\bldh\
gZ ^xcf
Dhgmkghklv,
^xcfh\ gZ
nml gZ
^bZf_lj
Kj_^gbc
^bZf_lj j_av[u
\ lhqd_
baf_j_gby
GZb[hev-
rbc
^bZf_lj
gbii_ey
>bZf_lj
eukdb gZ
gbii_e_

1
/
64
FZeuc
^bZf_lj
gbii_ey
>ebgZ
gbi-
i_evghc
qZklb
Z
+0 -
1
/
8
FbgbfZev-
gZy ^ebgZ
j_av[u
fmnu
b
=em[bgZ
fmnlu +
3
/
8
-0
JZaa_gdh\Z
ggZy qZklv
fmnlu
+
1
/
32
-
1
/
64
C D
L
D
LF
Ds L
PC
L
BT
L
BC
Qc
Ghf_j lbiZ (NC)
NC23 V-0.038R 4 2 2.35500 2.563 2.437 2.063 3 3
1
/
8
3
5
/
8
2
5
/
8
NC26 V-0.038R 4 2 2.66800 2.876 2.750 2.376 3 3
1
/
8
3
5
/
8
2
15
/
16
NC31 V-0.038R 4 2 3.18300 3.391 3.266 2.808 3
1
/
2
3
5
/
8
4
1
/
8
3
29
/
64
NC35 V-0.038R 4 2 3.53100 3.739 3.625 3.114 3
3
/
4
3
7
/
8
4
3
/
8
3
13
/
16
NC38 V-0.038R 4 2 3.80800 4.016 3.891 3.349 4 4
1
/
8
4
5
/
8
4
5
/
64
NC40 V-0.038R 4 2 4.07200 4.280 4.156 3.530 4
1
/
2
4
5
/
8
5
1
/
8
4
11
/
32
NC44 V-0.038R 4 2 4.41700 4.625 4.499 3.875 4
1
/
2
4
5
/
8
5
1
/
8
4
11
/
16
NC46 V-0.038R 4 2 4.62600 4.834 4.709 4.084 4
1
/
2
4
5
/
8
5
1
/
8
4
29
/
32
NC50 V-0.038R 4 2 5.04170 5.250 5.135 4.500 4
1
/
2
4
5
/
8
5
1
/
8
5
5
/
16
NC56 V-0.038R 4 3 5.61600 5.876 5.703 4.626 5 5
1
/
8
5
5
/
8
5
15
/
16
NC61 V-0.038R 4 3 6.17800 6.438 6.266 5.063 5
1
/
2
5
5
/
8
6
1
/
8
6
1
/
2
NC70 V-0.038R 4 3 7.05300 7.313 7.141 5.813 6 6
1
/
8
6
5
/
8
7
3
/
8
NC77 V-0.038R 4 3 7.74100 8.000 7.828 6.376 6
1
/
2
6
5
/
8
7
1
/
8
8
1
/
16
GhjfZevguc lbi (REG)
2
3
/
8
REG V-0.040 5 3 2.36537 2.625 2.515 1.875 3 3
1
/
8
3
5
/
8
2
11
/
16
2
7
/
8
REG V-0.040 5 3 2.74037 3.000 2.890 2.125 3
1
/
2
3
5
/
8
4
1
/
8
3
1
/
16
3
1
/
2
REG V-0.040 5 3 3.23987 3.500 3.390 2.562 3
3
/
4
3
7
/
8
4
3
/
8
3
9
/
16
4
1
/
2
REG V-0.040 5 3 4.36487 4.625 4.515 3.562 4
1
/
4
4
3
/
8
4
7
/
8
4
11
/
16
5
1
/
2
REG V-0.050 4 3 5.23402 5.520 5.410 4.333 4
3
/
4
4
7
/
8
5
3
/
8
5
37
/
64
6
5
/
8
REG V-0.050 4 2 5.75780 5.992 5.882 5.159 5 5
1
/
8
5
5
/
8
6
1
/
16
7
5
/
8
REG V-0.050 4 3 6.71453 7.000 6.890 5.688 5
1
/
4
5
3
/
8
5
7
/
8
7
3
/
32
8
5
/
8
REG V-0.050 4 3 7.66658 7.952 7.840 6.608 5
3
/
8
5
1
/
2
6 8
3
/
64
Rbjhdhijhoh^ghc lbi (FH)
5
1
/
2
FH V-0.050 4 2 5.59100 5.825 4.992 5 5
1
/
8
5
5
/
8
5
29
/
32
6
5
/
8
FH V-0.050 4 2 6.51960 6.753 5.920 5 5
1
/
8
5
5
/
8
6
27
/
32
IJBF?Q:GBY:
1. Kf. jbk. 20.
2. <k_ jZaf_ju ijb\_^_gu \ ^xcfZo, _keb g_ h[mkeh\e_gh ^jm]h_. Ih \hijhkm f_ljbq_kdbo lZ[ebp kf. Ijbeh`_gb_ F.
Z
>ey [mjh\uo dhjhghd k dhgbq_kdbfb rZjhrdZfb lhevdh, ^himkd jZ\_g 0, -
3
/
16
.
b
L
BT
ij_^klZ\ey_l kh[hc ^ebgm j_av[u \ fmnl_, baf_j_ggmx hl ijb\bgq_ggh]h aZie_qbdZ ^h i_j_k_q_gby g_ gZoh^ys_cky ih^ ^Z\e_gb_f [hdh\hc
klhjhgu ijhnbey j_av[u k \_jrbghc ihke_^g_]h \bldZ j_av[u, bf_xs_]h ihegmx ]em[bgm.
API SPEC 7:1997
66
Jbk. 20. Jhlhjgu_ kh_^bg_gby k aZie_qbdZfb
LZ[ebpZ 26. JZaf_ju j_av[u jhlhjguo kh_^bg_gbc k aZie_qbdZfb
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
RbjbgZ iehsZ^db
kj_aZ
NhjfZ
j_av[u
Dhgmkghklv,
^xcf/nml
KijZ\hqgZy
\ukhlZ j_av[u,
[_a kj_aZ
H
KijZ\hqgZy
\ukhlZ j_av[u,
ihke_ kj_aZ
h
n
= h
s
KijZ\hqguc
kj_a m \iZ^bgu
hkgh\Zgby
s
m
= s
rs
f
m
= f
rs
KijZ\hqguc
kj_a \_jrbgu
f
cn
= f
cs
<_jrbgZ
F
cn
= F
cs
<iZ^bgZ
F
rn
= F
rs
JZ^bmk
\iZ^bgu
r
rn
= r
rs
JZ^bmk gZ
m]eh\uo nhjfZo
j_av[u
r 0.008
V-0.038R 2 0.216005 0.121844 0.038000 0.056161 0.065 0.038 0.015
V-0.038R 3 0.215379 0.121381 0.038000 0.055998 0.065 0.038 0.015
V-0.040 3 0.172303 0.117842 0.020000 0.034461 0.040 0.020 0.015
V-0.050 3 0.215379 0.147303 0.025000 0.043076 0.050 0.025 0.015
V-0.050 2 0.216005 0.147804 0.025000 0.043201 0.050 0.025 0.015
IJBF?Q:GBY:
1. Kf. jbk. 21 b 22.
2. <k_ jZaf_ju ijb\_^_gu \ ^xcfZo, _keb g_ h[mkeh\e_gh ^jm]h_. Ih \hijhkm f_ljbq_kdbo lZ[ebp kf. ijbeh`_gb_ F.
Jbk. 21. NhjfZ j_av[u V-0.038R
API SPEC 7:1997
67
Jbk. 22. NhjfZ j_av[u V-0.040 b V-0.050
11 F_lh^u baf_j_gby jhlhjguo kh_^bg_gbc k aZie_qbdZfb
11.1 WlZehggu_ dhgljhevgu_ dZeb[ju
<k_ j_av[u \ jhlhjguo kh_^bg_gbyo k aZie_qbdZfb ^he`gu
m^h\e_l\hjylv lj_[h\Zgbyf l_ogheh]bb baf_j_gby, mklZgh\e_gguf
a^_kv. < khhl\_lkl\bb k wlbf \k_ ba]hlh\bl_eb, `_eZxsb_ ijhba\h^blv
we_f_glu [mjbevguo dhehgg k bkihevah\Zgb_f jhlhjguo kh_^bg_gbc k
aZie_qbdZfb API, khhl\_lkl\mxsbfb ^Zgguf l_ogbq_kdbf mkeh\byf,
^he`gu h[eZ^Zlv beb bf_lv ijZ\h ihevah\Zlvky dZeb[jh\Zggufb
wlZehggufb dhgljhevgufb dZeb[jZfb, ij_^clZ\eyxsbfb kh[hc
hl^_evguc wlZehgguc dhgljhevguc dZeb[j-ijh[dm (ijh[db) b
khijy`_gguc k gbf wlZehgguc dhgljhevguc dhevp_\hc dZeb[j (dhevpZ),
khhl\_lkl\mxsb_ lj_[h\Zgbyf jZa^_eZ 12 b k_jlbnbpbjh\Zggu_
kh]eZkgh lj_[h\Zgbyf jZa^_eZ 13.
IJBF?Q:GB? 1. Bkihevah\Zgb_ wlZehgguo dhgljhevguo
dZeb[jh\ ^ey ijh\_jdb j_av[u ^he`gh [ulv k\_^_gh d fbgbfmfm. LZdh_
bkihevah\Zgb_ ^he`gh [ulv h]jZgbq_gh kemqZyfb, dh]^Z jZagh]eZkby g_
fh]ml [ulv jZaj_r_gu k ihfhsvx ih\lhjghc ijh\_jdb jZ[hqbfb
API SPEC 7:1997
68
dZeb[jZfb ih kjZ\g_gbx k wlZehggufb. Ijb gZ\bgqb\Zgbb wlZehggh]h
dhgljhevgh]h dZeb[jZ gZ ijhba\h^kl\_ggmx j_av[m ke_^m_l kh[ex^Zlv
hkh[mx hklhjh`ghklv.
IJBF?Q:GB? 2. >ey aZdmidb wlZehgguo dhgljhevguo dZeb[jh\
g_ h[yaZl_evgh ihemqZlv jZaj_r_gb_ gZ bkihevah\Zgb_ fhgh]jZff API,
h^gZdh ihdmiZl_ev lZdbo dZeb[jh\ ^he`_g ke_^h\Zlv \k_f mkeh\byf,
k\yaZgguf k dZeb[jh\dhc b ih\lhjgufb bkiulZgbyfb, mdZaZgguf \
^Zgguo l_ogbq_kdbo mkeh\byo.
IJBF?Q:GB? 3. G_h[yaZl_evgh, qlh[u ba]hlh\bl_ev h[eZ^Ze
\k_fb \hafh`gufb jZaf_jZfb wlZehgguo dhgljhevguo dZeb[jh\, ^Z`_
_keb hg bf__l beb fh`_l ihevah\Zlvky aZdZe_ggufb b rebnh\Zggufb
jZ[hqbfb dZeb[jZfb. Ihwlhfm ^himkdZ_lky [jZlv gZ \j_fy
aZj_]bkljbjh\Zgguc wlZehgguc dhgljhevguc dZeb[j k p_evx
h[_ki_q_gby ]ZjZglbb ijZ\bevghklb jZaf_jh\ wlbo jZ[hqbo dZeb[jh\,
ihkdhevdm wlZehggu_ dZeb[ju m^h\e_l\hjyxl lj_[h\Zgbyf jZa^_eh\ 12
b 13. ;he__ lh]h, \j_f_gguc ihevah\Zl_ev ^he`_g ihdZaZlv
^hdmf_glZpbx b ijhke_`b\Z_fhklv kh]eZkgh lj_[h\Zgbyf 11.5.
11.2 JZ[hqb_ dZeb[ju
Ba]hlh\bl_ev ^he`_g h[eZ^Zlv beb bf_lv ijZ\h ihevah\Zlvky
jZ[hqbfb dZeb[jZfb ^ey baf_j_gby ijhba\h^kl\_gghc j_av[u, b ^he`_g
kh^_j`Zlv jZ[hqb_ dZeb[ju \ khklhygbb, iha\heyxs_f ]ZjZglbjh\Zlv,
qlh ijhba\h^kl\_ggZy j_av[Z, baf_j_ggZy \ khhl\_lkl\bb k
baeh`_ggufb a^_kv lj_[h\Zgbyfb, y\ey_lky ijb_fe_fhc kh]eZkgh
^Zgguf l_ogbq_kdbf mkeh\byf. (Kf. ijbeh`_gb_ D, kh^_j`Zs__
j_dhf_g^m_fu_ f_lh^u bkihevah\Zgby jZ[hqbo dZeb[jh\ b moh^Z aZ
gbfb.)
API SPEC 7:1997
69
11.3 <aZbfhk\yav f_`^m dZeb[jZfb
<aZbfhk\yav f_`^m wlZehggufb dhgljhevgufb dZeb[jZfb,
jZ[hqbfb dZeb[jZfb b j_av[Zfb ^he`gZ [ulv lZdhc, dZd ihdZaZgh gZ
jbk. 23, ]^_ k_jlbnbpbjh\Zgguc wlZehgguc dhgljhevguc dZeb[j-ijh[dZ
ihdZaZg \ dZq_kl\_ klZg^Zjlgh]h, Z k_jlbnbpbjh\Zgguc wlZehgguc
dhgljhevguc dZeb[j-dhevph - \ dZq_kl\_ i_j_f_sZ_fh]h wlZehgZ.
<_ebqbgZ gZly]Z, S, k_jlbnbpbjh\Zgguo wlZehgguo dhgljhevguo
dZeb[jh\ ij_^klZ\ey_l kh[hc jZkklhygb_ hl iehkdhklb aZie_qbdZ
dZeb[jZ-ijh[db ^h iehkdhklb lhqdb aZf_jZ gZ dhevp_.
K_jlbnbpbjh\Zgguc wlZehgguc dhgljhevguc dhevp_\hc dZeb[j
ijbf_gy_lky ^ey hij_^_e_gby \_ebqbgu gZly]Z, S
1
, jZ[hq_]h dZeb[jZ-
ijh[db. K_jlbnbpbjh\Zgguc wlZehgguc dhgljhevguc dZeb[j-ijh[dZ
ijbf_gy_lky ^ey hij_^_e_gby \_ebqbgu gZly]Z, S
2
, jZ[hq_]h dhevp_\h]h
dZeb[jZ. S
1
b S
2
y\eyxlky baf_jy_fufb \_ebqbgZfb, oZjZdl_jbamxsbfb
hldehg_gb_ jZ[hqbo dZeb[jh\ hl bo k_jlbnbpbjh\Zgguo wlZehgguo
dhgljhevguo dZeb[jh\ b fh]ml [ulv [hevr_ beb f_gvr_ S.
IJBF?Q:GB?. Khhl\_lkl\mxs__ hldehg_gb_ wlZehggh]h
dhgljhevgh]h dZeb[jZ-dhevpZ hlghkbl_evgh wlZehggh]h dhgljhevgh]h
dZeb[jZ-ijh[db, hlf_q_ggh_ gZ dhevp_\hf dZeb[j_, \ i_j\mx hq_j_^v
ij_^gZagZq_gh ^ey mklZgh\e_gby ij_^_eh\ baghkZ beb ^ebl_evgh]h
baf_g_gby dZeb[jh\. Hldehg_gb_ hl i_j\hgZqZevghc \_ebqbgu S
^he`gh [ulv ijbgylh \ jZkq_l ijb hij_^_e_gbb aZahjZ jZ[hq_]h
dZeb[jZ.
11.4 >himkdb gZ gZly]
>himkdb gZ gZly] ^he`gu [ulv lZdbfb, dZd ihdZaZgh gZ jbk. 23.
Wlb ^himkdb ke_^m_l ijbf_gylv ihke_ hdhgqZl_evghc f_oZgbq_kdhc
h[jZ[hldb kh_^bg_gby b i_j_^ h[jZ[hldhc ih\_joghkl_c gbii_ey beb
API SPEC 7:1997
70
fmnlu oheh^guf kihkh[hf b/beb ijhlb\ aZ_^Zgby. Baf_g_gb_ aZf_jZ
gZly]Z ihke_ ijbf_g_gby ih\_joghklghc h[jZ[hldb fh`_l ijb\_klb d
ih\ur_gbx ij_^_eh\, mklZgh\e_gguo API ^ey kh_^bg_gbc, gh g_
y\ey_lky ijbqbghc ^ey hl[jZdh\db. Ke_^h\Zl_evgh, ^himklbfh
fZjdbjh\Zlv kh_^bg_gby fhgh]jZffhc API, _keb l_ogbq_kdb_ mkeh\by
API m^h\e_l\hjyxlky i_j_^ ijbf_g_gb_f ih\_joghklghc h[jZ[hldb.
11.5 Kbkl_fZ dZeb[jh\db
<eZ^_evpu b ihevah\Zl_eb wlZehgguo dhgljhevguo b jZ[hqbo
dZeb[jh\ API ^he`gu mklZgh\blv b ^hdmf_glZevgh hnhjfblv kbkl_fm
dZeb[jh\Zgby b dhgljhey dZeb[jh\. >he`gZ ih^^_j`b\Zlvky
j_]bkljZpby, ihdZau\ZxsZy khhl\_lkl\b_ dZeb[jh\ jZkq_lguf b
dZeb[jh\hqguf lj_[h\Zgbyf jZa^_eh\ 12 b 13. < kbkl_f_ dZeb[jh\db
^he`gZ [ulv mklZgh\e_gZ qZklhlZ ih\lhjguo bkiulZgbc kh]eZkgh 12.10.
J_]bkljZpbb dZeb[jh\db ^he`gu \dexqZlv ^Zlm ihke_^g_c dZeb[jh\db,
mdZaZgb_ ebpZ, ijh\h^b\r_]h dZeb[jh\dm, b ij_^u^msb_ ^Zggu_
dZeb[jh\db. ?keb wlZehggu_ dhgljhevgu_ dZeb[ju g_ gZoh^ylky gZ
f_kl_ gZoh`^_gby ihevah\Zl_ey dZeb[jZfb, lh, kh]eZkgh jZa^_em 13 gZ
wlhf f_kl_ ^he`gu khojZgylvky dhibb Zdlh\ k_jlbnbdZpbb ih
wlZehgguf dhgljhevguf dZeb[jZf.
API SPEC 7:1997
71
Jbk. 23. F_lh^u baf_j_gby jhlhjguo kh_^bg_gbc k aZie_qbdZfb
API SPEC 7:1997
72
12 L_ogbq_kdb_ mkeh\by gZ dZeb[ju ^ey jhlhjguo kh_^bg_gbc k
aZie_qbdZfb
12.1 =eZ\gu_ b j_]bhgZevgu_ dhgljhevgu_ dZeb[ju
=eZ\gu_ b j_]bhgZevgu_ dhgljhevgu_ dZeb[ju ^he`gu
khhl\_lkl\h\Zlv jZaf_jZf, mklZgh\e_gguf \ lZ[e. 27 b 28, gZ jbk. 24 b
26, Z lZd`_ ^himkdZf, mdZaZgguf \ lZ[e. 30. Wlb ^himkdb [ueb
mklZgh\e_gu GZpbhgZevguf bgklblmlhf klZg^Zjlh\ b l_ogheh]bb.
I_j_^ ijbf_g_gb_f \k_ j_]bhgZevgu_ dhgljhevgu_ dZeb[ju ^he`gu
[ulv k_jlbnbpbjh\Zgu kh]eZkgh lj_[h\Zgbyf 13.1.
12.2 WlZehggu_ dhgljhevgu_ dZeb[ju
WlZehggu_ dhgljhevgu_ dZeb[ju ^he`gu khhl\_lkl\h\Zlv
jZaf_jZf, mklZgh\e_gguf \ lZ[e. 27 b 28, gZ jbk. 24 b 26, Z lZd`_
^himkdZf, mdZaZgguf \ lZ[e. 29. I_j_^ ijbf_g_gb_f \k_ wlZehggu_
dhgljhevgu_ dZeb[ju ^he`gu [ulv k_jlbnbpbjh\Zgu kh]eZkgh
lj_[h\Zgbyf 13.1.
12.3 JZ[hqb_ dZeb[ju
JZ[hqb_ dZeb[ju ^he`gu khhl\_lkl\h\Zlv jZaf_jZf,
mklZgh\e_gguf \ lZ[e. 27 b 28, gZ jbk. 25 (kf. ijbf_qZgby) b 26, Z
lZd`_ ^himkdZf, mdZaZgguf \ lZ[e. 31. GZ \k_o jZ[hqbo dZeb[jZo-
ijh[dZo, ba]hlh\e_gguo \ khhl\_lkl\bb k jbk. 25, gZ [hevr_f dhgp_
^he`gu [ulv m^Ze_gu g_bkihevam_fu_ \bldb j_av[u. >ey ]ZjZglbb
m^Ze_gby g_bkihevam_fuo \bldh\ j_av[u gZqZeh i_j\h]h \bldZ gZ
[hevr_f dhgp_ jZ[hq_]h dZeb[jZ-ijh[db ^he`gh [ulv jZkiheh`_gh \
ij_^_eZo hl 1.080 ^h 1,120 ^xcfh\ (hl 27.43 ^h 28,45 fbeebf_ljh\) hl
ih\_joghklb, bkihevam_fhc ^ey hij_^_e_gby aZahjZ.
IJBF?Q:GB? 1. JZ[hqb_ dZeb[ju-ijh[db, ba]hlh\e_ggu_ ^h 30
bxgy 1987 , khhl\_lkl\mxl jbk. 24.
API SPEC 7:1997
73
IJBF?Q:GB? 2. JZ[hqb_ dZeb[ju-ijh[db, ba]hlh\e_ggu_ f_`^m
30 bxgy 1987 b 30 bxgy 1990, fh]ml khhl\_lkl\h\Zlv eb[h jbk. 24, eb[h
jbk. 25.
IJBF?Q:GB? 3. JZ[hqb_ dZeb[ju-ijh[db, ba]hlh\e_ggu_ ihke_
30 bxgy 1990, ^he`gu khhl\_lkl\h\Zlv jbk. 25 lhevdh.
IJBF?Q:GB? 4. JZ[hqb_ dZeb[ju-ijh[db, ba]hlh\e_ggu_ \
khhl\_lkl\bb k jbk. 24 kh]eZkgh ijbf_qZgbyf 1 b 2, fh]ml [ulv
bkihevah\Zgu [_a fh^bnbdZpbb k p_evx ijb\_^_gby \ khhl\_lkl\b_ k
jbk. 25, ijb mkeh\bb, qlh fh`gh ijh^_fhgkljbjh\Zlv k ihfhsvx
dhfiZjZlhjh\, beb iml_f baf_j_gbc k ihfhsvx ijh\hehdb, beb ^jm]bf
kihkh[hf, qlh jZ[hqbc dZeb[j-ijh[dZ ^Z_l j_amevlZlu,
khhl\_lkl\mxsb_ l_ogbq_kdbf mkeh\byf.
IJBF?Q:GB? 5. JZ[hqbc dZeb[j-ijh[dZ, khhl\_lkl\mxsbc jbk.
24, fh`_l [ulv fh^bnbpbjh\Zg ^ey ijb\_^_gby \ khhl\_lkl\b_ k jbk. 25.
12.4 Hkgh\u ijh_dlbjh\Zgby
<k_ dZeb[ju-ijh[db b dhevp_\u_ dZeb[ju ^he`gu [ulv aZdZe_gu
b hlrebnh\Zgu. AgZq_gb_ l\_j^hklb ^he`gh gZoh^blvky \ ij_^_eZo K60
- K63 ih Jhd\_eem, beb bf_lv wd\b\Ze_glgh_ agZq_gb_ ih ^jm]hc rdZe_
ih\_joghklghc l\_j^hklb. J_av[Z gZ dZeb[jZo NC, IF b FH ^he`gZ [ulv
ijZ\hc. GZ dZeb[jZo REG fh`_l [ulv bkihevah\ZgZ dZd ijZ\Zy, lZd b
e_\Zy j_av[Z. G_ihegZy j_av[Z gZ dhgpZo dZeb[jZ-ijh[db b dhevp_\h]h
dZeb[jZ ^he`gZ [ulv mf_gvr_gZ ^h lmih]h aZoh^Z. DZeb[ju ^he`gu
ihklZ\eylvky kh kf_ggufb ih^]hghqgufb ieZklbgZfb, ihdZaZggufb gZ
jbk. 24 b 25.
API SPEC 7:1997
74
12.5 RZ] j_av[u
RZ] j_av[u dZeb[jZ-ijh[db b dhevp_\h]h dZeb[jZ ke_^m_l
baf_jylv iZjZee_evgh hkb j_av[u \^hev ^_ebl_evghc ijyfhc, gZ mqZkld_
iheghc j_av[u, ijhimklb\ ih h^ghc gbld_ iheghc j_av[u k dZ`^h]h
dhgpZ. Hrb[dZ rZ]Z j_av[u f_`^m ^\mfy ex[ufb gbldZfb g_ ^he`gZ
ij_\urZlv ^himkdb, mdZaZggu_ \ lZ[e. 29, 30, beb 31. >ey
ih^l\_j`^_gby lhqghklb, mdZaZgghc \ lZ[e. 27, 28, 29, 30 b 31,
baf_j_gby beb ijh\_jdb ^he`gu ijh\h^blvky k ihfhsvx eZ[hjZlhjguo
bgkljmf_glh\.
12.6 Dhgmkghklv
Dhgmkghklv ke_^m_l baf_jylv ih ^bZf_ljm \^hev kj_^g_c ijyfhc
gZ mqZkld_ iheghc j_av[u, ijhimklb\ ih h^ghc gbld_ iheghc j_av[u k
dZ`^h]h dhgpZ. Hij_^_e_ggZy dZd hibkZgh \ur_ dhgmkghklv,
jZkkqblZggZy gZ ^ebg_ mqZkldZ hij_^_e_gby, L
rg
, jbk. 24 b 25, ^he`gZ
khhl\_lkl\h\Zlv [Zah\hfm dhgmkm \ ij_^_eZo ^himkdh\, mdZaZgguo \
lZ[e. 29, 30 beb 31.Djhf_ lh]h, dZd ^ey dZeb[jZ-ijh[db, lZd b ^ey
dhevp_\h]h dZeb[jZ, baf_jy_fZy dhgmkghklv dhgmkZ kj_^g_c hdjm`ghklb
gZ ex[hf bgl_j\Ze_ ^ebgu, g_ ij_\urZxs_f ^ebgm mqZkldZ k iheghc
j_av[hc fbgmk ih h^ghfm iheghfm \bldm k dZ`^h]h dhgpZ, ^he`gZ
gZoh^blvky \ ij_^_eZo ahgu, hij_^_ey_fhc ^himkdZfb gZ dhgmkghklv,
mklZgh\e_ggufb \ lZ[e. 29, 30 b 31. >ey ih^l\_j`^_gby lhqghklb,
mdZaZgghc \ lZ[e. 27, 28, 29, 30 b 31, baf_j_gby b ijh\_jdb ^he`gu
ijh\h^blvky k ihfhsvx eZ[hjZlhjguo bgkljmf_glh\.
12.7 NhjfZ \iZ^bgu
<iZ^bgu j_av[u dZeb[jZ ^he`gu [ulv hkljufb k jZ^bmkhf
kdjm]e_gby, g_ ij_\urZxsbf 0,010 ^xcfZ (0.25 fbeebf_ljZ), beb
ih^j_aZggufb ^h fZdkbfZevghc rbjbgu, wd\b\Ze_glghc \_ebqbgZf
kj_aZ m hkgh\Zgby \iZ^bgu, ijb\_^_gguf \ lZ[e. 28. Ih^j_a ^he`_g
API SPEC 7:1997
75
bf_lv ]em[bgm, iha\heyxsmx ba[_`Zlv dhglZdlZ k [Zah\hc hkljhc
j_av[hc; \ ^jm]bo hlghr_gbyo nhjfZ ih^j_aZ ijhba\hevgZ.
12.8 GZqZevgZy \_ebqbgZ gZly]Z
Gh\u_ b \hkklZgh\e_ggu_ dZeb[ju-ijh[db b dhevp_\u_ dZeb[ju
^he`gu m^h\e_l\hjylv mkeh\byf ih jZaf_jZf gZly]Z ijb khijy`_gbb,
mdZaZgguf \ lZ[e. 27, \aZbfhaZf_gy_fuf jZaf_jZf aZahjZ,
i_j_qbke_gguf gb`_, b ^himkdZf, mklZgh\e_gguf \ lZ[e. 29, 30 beb 31.
GZly] ijb \aZbfghc aZf_g_ dZeb[jh\-ijh[hd b dhevp_\uo dZeb[jh\ ih
hlghr_gbx d ]eZ\guf, j_]bhgZevguf b wlZehgguf dhgljhevguf
dZeb[jZf ^he`_g khhl\_lkl\h\Zlv ke_^mxsbf ij_^_eZf:
Z. J_]bhgZevgu_ dhgljhevgu_ dZeb[ju ih hlghr_gbx d
]eZ\guf dhgljhevguf dZeb[jZf:
1. FbgbfZevguc gZly] 0,621 ^xcfZ (15,77 fbeebf_ljh\).
2. FZdkbfZevguc gZly] 0.629 ^xcfZ (15,98 fbeebf_ljh\).
b. WlZehggu_ dhgljhevgu_ dZeb[ju ih hlghr_gbx d
j_]bhgZevguf beb ]eZ\guf dhgljhevguf dZeb[jZf:
1. FbgbfZevguc gZly] 0,621 ^xcfZ (15,77 fbeebf_ljh\).
2. FZdkbfZevguc gZly] 0.629 ^xcfZ (15,98 fbeebf_ljh\).
k. JZ[hqb_ dZeb[ju ih hlghr_gbx d wlZehgguf dhgljhevguf
dZeb[jZf:
1. FbgbfZevguc gZly] 0,621 ^xcfZ (15,77 fbeebf_ljh\).
2. FZdkbfZevguc gZly] 0.629 ^xcfZ (15,98 fbeebf_ljh\).
IJBF?Q:GB?. Lj_[h\Zgby gZ \_ebqbgm gZly]h\ ijb \aZbfghc
aZf_g_ gZdeZ^u\Z_l h]jZgbq_gby gZ \_ebqbgm hrb[hd we_f_glh\
j_av[u, dhlhju_ fh]ml ijbkmlkl\h\Zlv \ dZeb[jZo, m^h\e_l\hjyxsbo
lj_[h\Zgbyf gZ gZly]b dZd ijb \aZbfghc aZf_g_, lZd b khijy`_gbb.
?keb hrb[db \ h^ghf beb [he__ ba we_f_glh\ j_av[u bf_xl
fZdkbfZevgu_ agZq_gby, ^himkdZ_fu_ \ lZ[e. 29, 30 beb 31, beb [ebadb
API SPEC 7:1997
76
d gbf, lh hrb[db \ ^jm]bo we_f_glZo j_av[u ^he`gu [ulv \ ij_^_eZo
^ey dhfi_gkZpbb. JZagbpZ rZ]Z khijy`_gguo dZeb[jh\ qZklbqgh beb
iheghklvx dhfi_gkbjm_lky jZagbp_c dhgmkghklb.
12.9 >jm]b_ we_f_glu
>bZf_lj ijb]hghqghc ieZklbgu, jZaf_ju L
pg
, L
rg
, D
R
b Q (kf. lZ[e.
27) ^he`gu khhl\_lkl\h\Zlv mklZgh\e_gguf jZaf_jZf b ^himkdZf (kf.
lZ[e. 29, 30 b 31).
12.10 I_jbh^bq_kdb_ ih\lhjgu_ bkiulZgby
DZeb[ju-ijh[db b dhevp_\u_ dZeb[ju ^he`gu ih^\_j]Zlvky
i_jbh^bq_kdbf ih\lhjguf bkiulZgbyf kh]eZkgh ijb\_^_gghfm gb`_
]jZnbdm k p_evx ]ZjZglbjh\Zgby, qlh dZeb[ju hklZxlky \ ij_^_eZo
^himkdh\ gZ gZly]b, mklZgh\e_gguo \ 12.11.
12.10.1 J_]bhgZevgu_ b wlZehggu_ dhgljhevgu_ dZeb[ju ^he`gu
ih^\_j]Zlvky ih\lhjguf bkiulZgbyf ih ijh\_jd_ gZly]Z ijb
khijy`_gbb b \aZbfghc aZf_g_ ih djZcg_c f_j_ h^bg jZa \ k_fv e_l,
j_amevlZlu dhlhjuo ^he`gu ih^l\_j`^Zlvky \ \b^_ k_jlbnbdZlh\
ih\lhjguo bkiulZgbc h ijb]h^ghklb ^ey ^Zevg_cr_]h bkihevah\Zgby. <
k_jlbnbdZl h ih\lhjguo bkiulZgbyo ^he`gu [ulv lZd`_ \dexq_gu
^Zggu_ h gZly]Zo dZeb[jh\ ijb khijy`_gbb b \aZbfghc aZf_g_.
J_]bhgZevgu_ dhgljhevgu_ dZeb[ju ^he`gu ijhoh^blv ih\lhjgu_
bkiulZgby gZ ]eZ\guo dhgljhevguo dZeb[jZo \ GZpbhgZevghf
bgklblml_ klZg^Zjlh\ b l_ogheh]bb. WlZehggu_ dhgljhevgu_ dZeb[ju
ih^\_j]Zxlky ih\lhjguf bkiulZgbyf ih k_jlbnbpbjh\Zgguf
j_]bhgZevguf dhgljhevguf dZeb[jZf \ h^ghc ba bkiulZl_evguo
hj]ZgbaZpbc ba i_j_qbke_gguo \ ijbeh`_gbb F, beb ih ]eZ\ghfm
dhgljhevghfm dZeb[jm \ GZpbhgZevghf bgklblml_ klZg^Zjlh\ b
l_ogheh]bb.
12.10.2 JZ[hqb_ dZeb[ju ^he`gu ih^\_j]Zlvky i_jbh^bq_kdbf
ih\lhjguf bkiulZgbyf ih ijh\_jd_ gZly]Z ijb khijy`_gbb b \aZbfghc
API SPEC 7:1997
77
aZf_g_ ih k_jlbnbpbjh\Zgguf wlZehgguf dZeb[jZf. QZklhlZ, k dhlhjhc
jZ[hqb_ dZeb[ju ijhoh^yl ih\lhjgu_ bkiulZgby, iheghklvx aZ\bkbl hl
bgl_gkb\ghklb bo bkihevah\Zgby. QZklhlZ ijh\_^_gby ih\lhjguo
bkiulZgbc ^he`gZ [ulv lZdh\Z, qlh[u ]ZjZglbjh\Zlv, qlh gZly] ijb
khijy`_gbb beb \aZbfghc aZf_g_ hklZ_lky khhl\_lkl\mxsbf
lj_[h\Zgbyf 12.11. >ey mklZgh\e_gby qZklhlu bkiulZgbc ke_^m_l
bkihevah\Zlv kbkl_fm dZeb[jh\db, hibkZggmx \ 11.5.
12.11 GZly] ijb ih\lhjguo bkiulZgbyo
GZly] ijb khijy`_gbb beb \aZbfghc aZf_g_ dZeb[jh\-ijh[hd b
dhevp_\uo dZeb[jh\ ^he`_g gZoh^blvky \ mdZaZgguo gb`_ ij_^_eZo.
Z. J_]bhgZevgu_ dhgljhevgu_ dZeb[ju:
1. FbgbfZevguc gZly] 0,621 ^xcfZ (15,77 fbeebf_ljh\).
2. FZdkbfZevguc gZly] 0.629 ^xcfZ (15,98 fbeebf_ljh\).
b. WlZehggu_ dhgljhevgu_ dZeb[ju:
1. FbgbfZevguc gZly] 0,621 ^xcfZ (15,77 fbeebf_ljh\).
2. FZdkbfZevguc gZly] 0.629 ^xcfZ (15,98 fbeebf_ljh\).
k. JZ[hqb_ dZeb[ju:
1. FbgbfZevguc gZly] 0,621 ^xcfZ (15,77 fbeebf_ljh\).
2. FZdkbfZevguc gZly] 0.629 ^xcfZ (15,98 fbeebf_ljh\).
IZjZ ba dZeb[jZ-ijh[db b dhevp_\h]h dZeb[jZ, ih^\_j]ZxsZyky
bkiulZgbyf kh]eZkgh 12.8, ^he`gZ khhl\_lkl\h\Zlv ijb\_^_gguf gb`_
ij_^_evguf ^himkdZf gZ baghk ih hlghr_gbx d i_j\hgZqZevgh
hij_^_e_gguf agZq_gbyf gZly]Z ijb khijy`_gbb b \aZbfghc aZf_g_.
<k_ dZeb[ju, g_ m^h\e_l\hjyxsb_ mdZaZgguf ^himkdZf gZ baghk,
^he`gu [ulv \hkklZgh\e_gu b/beb aZf_g_gu.
Hk_\u_ ^himkdb
J_]bhgZevgu_ dhgljhevgu_ dZeb[ju
WlZehggu_ dhgljhevgu_ dZeb[ju
JZ[hqb_ dZeb[ju
0. 0005 ^xcfh\ (0. 127 fbeebf_ljh\)
-0. 0013 ^xcfh\ (0. 330 fbeebf_ljh\)
0. 0005 ^xcfh\ (0. 127 fbeebf_ljh\)
-0. 0023 ^xcfh\ (0. 584 fbeebf_ljh\)
0. 0005 ^xcfh\ (0. 127 fbeebf_ljh\)
-0. 0023 ^xcfh\ (0. 584 fbeebf_ljh\)
API SPEC 7:1997
78
12.12 <hkklZgh\e_gb_
DZeb[ju-ijh[db b dhevp_\u_ dZeb[ju, g_ khhl\_lkl\mxsb_ ih
j_amevlZlZf bkiulZgbc lj_[h\Zgbyf gZ gZly] imgdlh\ 12.8 beb 12.11,
beb ih dZdbf-eb[h ^jm]bf ijbqbgZf g_ijb]h^gu_ ^ey ^Zevg_cr_]h
bkihevah\Zgby, ^he`gu [ulv bkdexq_gu ba ^Zevg_cr_]h ijbf_g_gby.
J_]bhgZevgu_ dhgljhevgu_, wlZehggu_ dhgljhevgu_, b jZ[hqb_
dZeb[ju, ijbagZggu_ g_ khhl\_lkl\mxsbfb lj_[h\Zgbyf, fh]ml [ulv
\hkklZgh\e_gu. <hkklZgh\e_ggu_ j_]bhgZevgu_ dhgljhevgu_ b
\hkklZgh\e_ggu_ wlZehggu_ dhgljhevgu_ dZeb[ju ^he`gu [ulv aZgh\h
ij_^klZ\e_gu ^ey gZqZevghc k_jlbnbdZpbb gZ khhl\_lkl\b_
lj_[h\Zgbyf jZa^_eZ 13 i_j_^ \ha\jZs_gb_f \ wdkiemZlZpbx.
<hkklZgh\e_ggu_ jZ[hqb_ dZeb[ju ^he`gu ijhclb dhgljhev gZ
khhl\_lkl\b_ lj_[h\Zgbyf 12.8.
12.13 FZjdbjh\dZ
GZ dZeb[ju-ijh[db b dhevp_\u_ dZeb[ju bo ba]hlh\bl_e_f ^he`gZ
[ulv gZg_k_gZ ihklhyggZy fZjdbjh\dZ, kh^_j`Zgb_ dhlhjhc ijb\_^_gh
gb`_. FZjdbjh\dZ dZeb[jh\-ijh[hd dZeb[jh\ ij_^ihqlbl_evgh
ijhba\h^blky gZ dhjimk_, ohly fZjdbjh\dZ gZ jmqd_ y\ey_lky
ijb_fe_fhc ^ey dZeb[jh\ g_[hevrbo jZaf_jh\, beb dh]^Z jmqdZ
khklZ\ey_l h^gh p_eh_ k dhjimkhf. Fh]ml [ulv ^h[Z\e_gu ex[u_
fZjdbjh\db, jZkkfZljb\Z_fu_ ba]hlh\bl_e_f dZeb[jh\ dZd
g_h[oh^bfu_. DZeb[ju-ijh[db b dhevp_\u_ dZeb[ju ^he`gu [ulv
fZjdbjh\Zgu kh]eZkgh lj_[h\Zgbyf, mdZaZgguf gb`_ \ imgdlZo hl Z ^h g:
Z. Fhgh]jZffZ API - lhevdh k_jlbnbpbjh\Zggu_ j_]bhgZevgu_
dhgljhevgu_ dZeb[ju b k_jlbnbpbjh\Zggu_ wlZehggu_
dhgljhevgu_ dZeb[ju.
b. JZaf_j beb ghf_j dZeb[jZ, mdZaZggu_ \ dhehgd_ 1, lZ[e. 27.
k. Lbiu kh_^bg_gbc ^ey jhlhjgh]h [mj_gby ke_^mxsb_:
1. NC ROTARY- ghf_jgh_
API SPEC 7:1997
79
2. REG ROTARY- ghjfZevgh_
3. REG LH ROTARY- ghjfZevgh_ e_\h_
4. FH ROTARY- FH - rbjhdhijhoh^gh_
5. IF ROTARY- IF-iheghijhoh^gh_ (jZ\ghijhoh^gh_)
d. J_]bkljZpbhgguc ghf_j dZeb[jZ - J_]bkljZpbhgguc ghf_j
dZeb[jZ ijbk\Zb\Z_lky ba]hlh\bl_e_f kh]eZkgh iheghfhqbyf API.
Wlh ijbf_gy_lky lhevdh d j_]bhgZevguf b wlZehgguf
dhgljhevguf dZeb[jZf.
_. Bfy beb fZjdZ ba]hlh\bl_ey dZeb[jZ - Bfy beb fZjdZ
ba]hlh\bl_ey dZeb[jZ ^he`gu [ulv ihf_s_gu dZd gZ dZeb[j_-
ijh[d_, lZd b gZ dhevp_\hf dZeb[j_.
f. >ZlZ k_jlbnbdZpbb - >ZlZ k_jlbnbdZpbb ^he`gZ [ulv
\dexq_gZ \ fZjdbjh\dm \k_o j_]bhgZevguo b wlZehgguo
dhgljhevguo dZeb[jh\. Ijb ih\lhjghc k_jlbnbdZpbb
\hkklZgh\e_gguo dZeb[jh\ ij_^u^msZy ^ZlZ k_jlbnbdZpbb ^he`gZ
[ulv aZf_g_gZ ^Zlhc ih\lhjghc k_jlbnbdZpbb. >Zlu ih\lhjguo
bkiulZgbc kh]eZkgh lj_[h\Zgbyf 12.10, g_ ^he`gu \dexqZlvky \
fZjdbjh\dm wlZehgguo dhgljhevguo beb jZ[hqbo dZeb[jh\.
API SPEC 7:1997
80
LZ[ebpZ 27. JZaf_ju dZeb[jh\ ^ey jhlhjguo kh_^bg_gbc k
aZie_qbdZfb
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
JZaf_j
NhjfZ
j_av[u
Qbkeh
\bldh\
gZ
^xcf
Dhgmk-
ghklv
^xcf/nml
ih
^bZf_ljm
>bZf_lj
kj_^g_c
hdjm`ghkl
b \ lhqd_
baf_j_gby
0,625
a
GZjm`guc
^bZf_lj \
lhqd_
baf_j_gby
0,625
a
<gmlj_g
gbc
^bZf_lj
\ lhqd_
baf_j_g
by 0,625
a
>bZf_lj
kj_^g_c
hdjm`ghkl
b \ lhqd_
baf_j_gby
1,375
a
H[sZy
^ebgZ
dZeb[jZ-
ijh[db
>bZf_lj
ijb]hghq
ghc
ieZklbgu
gZ
dZeb[j_ -
ijh[d_
H[sZy
^ebgZ
dZeb[jZ
ijh[db
GZjm`
guc
^bZ-
f_lj
dhevp_
\h]h
dZeb-
[jZ
>bZf
_lj
jZaa_g
dh\db
GZly]
ijb
khijy
`_gbb
L
pg
L
rg
D
R
Q S
Ghf_jghc lbi dZeb[jh\ (NC)
NC23 V-0.038R 4 2 2.35500 2.44868 2.26132 2.23000 3 2.056 2
3
/
8
3
7
/
8
2.521 0.625
NC26 (2
3
/
8
IF) V-0.038R 4 2 2.66800 2.76168 2.57432 2.54300 3 2.369 2
3
/
8
4
3
/
16
2.834 0.625
NC31 (2
7
/
8
IF) V-0.038R 4 2 3.18300 3.27668 3.08932 3.05800 3
1
/
2
2.884 2
7
/
8
5
1
/
8
3.349 0.625
NC35 V-0.038R 4 2 3.53100 3.62468 3.43732 3.40600 3
3
/
4
3.232 3
1
/
8
5
1
/
4
3.697 0.625
NC38 (3
1
/
2
IF) V-0.038R 4 2 3.80800 3.90168 3.71432 3.68300 4 3.509 3
3
/
8
5
5
/
8
3.974 0.625
NC40 (4 FH) V-0.038R 4 2 4.07200 4.16568 3.97832 3.94700 4
1
/
2
3.773 3
7
/
8
5
7
/
8
4.239 0.625
NC44 V-0.038R 4 2 4.41700 4.51068 4.32332 4.29200 4
1
/
2
4.118 3
7
/
8
6
3
/
8
4.583 0.625
NC46 (4 IF) V-0.038R 4 2 4.62600 4.71968 4.53232 4.50100 4
1
/
2
4.327 3
7
/
8
6
1
/
2
4.792 0.625
NC50 (4
1
/
2
lF) V-0.038R 4 2 5.04170 5.13538 4.94802 4.91670 4
1
/
2
4.743 3
7
/
8
7
1
/
8
5.208 0.625
NC56 V-0.038R 4 3 5.61600 5.70938 5.52262 5.42850 5 5.318 4
3
/
8
7
7
/
8
5.782 0.625
NC61 V-0.038R 4 3 6.17800 6.27138 6.08462 5.99050 5
1
/
2
5.880 4
7
/
8
8
1
/
2
6.344 0.625
NC70 V-0.038R 4 3 7.05300 7.14638 6.95962 6.86550 6 6.755 5
3
/
8
9
3
/
8
7.219 0.625
NC77 V-0.038R 4 3 7.74100 7.83438 7.64762 7.55350 6
1
/
2
7.443 5
7
/
8
10
1
/
4
7.907 0.625
GhjfZevguc lbi dZeb[jh\ (REG)
2
3
/
8
REG V-0.040 5 3 2.36537 2.45875 2.27199 2.17787 3 2.131 2
3
/
8
3
3
/
4
2.531 0.625
2
7
/
8
REG V-0.040 5 3 2.74037 2.83375 2.64699 2.55287 3
1
/
2
2.506 2
7
/
8
4
1
/
4
2.906 0.625
3
1
/
2
REG V-0.040 5 3 3.23987 3.33325 3.14649 3.05237 3
3
/
4
3.005 3
1
/
8
5 3.406 0.625
4
1
/
2
REG V-0.040 5 3 4.36487 4.45825 4.27149 4.17737 4
1
/
4
4.130 3
5
/
8
6
1
/
4
4.531 0.625
5
1
/
2
REG V-0.050 4 3 5.23402 5.35324 5.11479 5.04652 4
3
/
4
4.956 4
1
/
8
7
1
/
2
5.427 0.625
6
5
/
8
REG V-0.050 4 2 5.75780 5.87740 5.63820 5.63280 5 5.448 4
3
/
8
8
1
/
4
5.949 0.625
7
5
/
8
REG V-0.050 4 3 6.71453 6.83375 6.59531 6.52703 5
1
/
4
6.421 4
5
/
8
9
1
/
2
6.906 0.625
8
5
/
8
REG V-0.050 4 3 7.66658 7.78580 7.54735 7.47908 5
3
/
8
7.373 4
3
/
4
10
3
/
4
7.858 0.625
Rbjhdhijhoh^ghc lbi dZeb[jh\ (FH)
5
1
/
2
FH V-0.050 4 2 5.59100 5.71060 5.47140 5.46600 5 5.292 4
3
/
8
7
3
/
4
5.784 0.625
6
5
/
8
FH V-0.050 4 2 6.51960 6.63920 6.40000 6.39460 5 6.210 4
3
/
8
9 6.711 0.625
IJBF?Q:GBY:
1. Kf. ijbeh`_gb_ J ih \hijhkm jZaf_jh\ mklZj_\rbo kh_^bg_gbc, mdZaZgguo \ kdh[dZo \ ^Zgghc lZ[ebp_.
2. Kf. jbk. 24 b 25.
3. <k_ jZaf_ju mdZaZgu \ ^xcfZo ijb 68F, 2F. Kf. ijbeh`_gb_ F ih \hijhkm f_ljbq_kdbo lZ[ebp.
4. DZeb[ju l_ `_ kZfu_ ^ey gmf_jh\Zgguo kh_^bg_gbc (NC) b mklZj_\rbo kh_^bg_gbc, _keb hgb ijb\_^_gu \ h^ghc kljhd_.
Z
<_ebqbgu \ dhehgdZo 5 b 6 ijbf_gyxlky lhevdh d ]eZ\guf, j_]bhgZevguf b wlZehgguf dhgljhevguf dZeb[jZf- ijh[dZf. <_ebqbgu \ dhehgd_ 8
ijbf_gyxlky lhevdh d jZ[hqbf dZeb[jZf - ijh[dZf. <_ebqbgu \ dhehgd_ 7 ijbf_gyxlky lhevdh d dhevp_\uf dZeb[jZf.
Jbk. 24. =eZ\gu_ j_]bhgZevgu_ b
wlZehggu_ dhgljhevgu_ j_av[h\u_
dZeb[ju jhlhjguo kh_^bg_gbc k
aZie_qbdZfb. <k_ jZaf_ju b lbiu
Jbk. 25. JZ[hqb_ j_av[h\u_
dZeb[ju
3
jhlhjguo kh_^bg_gbc k
aZie_qbdZfb. <k_ jZaf_ju b lbiu
API SPEC 7:1997
81
g. GZly] ijb khijy`_gbb - I_j\hgZqZevguc gZly] ijb
khijy`_gbb wlZehgguo dhgljhevguo dZeb[jh\ b jZ[hqbo dZeb[jh\
^he`_g hlf_qZlvky f_ldhc lhevdh gZ dhevp_\uo dZeb[jZo.
<_ebqbgu gZly]h\ ijb khijy`_gbb, hij_^_ey_fu_ ijb
i_jbh^bq_kdbo ih\lhjguo bkiulZgbyo kh]eZkgh 12.10, g_ ^he`gu
hlf_qZlvky gZ wlZehgguo dhgljhevguo beb jZ[hqbo dZeb[jZo.
Gb`_ ijb\_^_gu ijbf_ju:
K_jlbnbpbjh\Zgguc j_]bhgZevguc dhgljhevguc dZeb[j beb
wlZehgguc dhgljhevguc jhlhjguc dZeb[j NC56 ^he`gu [ulv
fZjdbjh\Zgu ke_^mxsbf h[jZahf:
: < Kh (beb fZjdZ) NC56 Rotary
J_]bkljZpbhgguc ghf_j
>ZlZ k_jlbnbdZpbb
GZly] ijb khijy`_gbb
JZ[hqbc dZeb[j NC56 ^he`_g [ulv fZjdbjh\Zg ke_^mxsbf
h[jZahf:
: < Kh (beb fZjdZ) NC56 Rotary Spec 7
GZly] ijb khijy`_gbb
K_jlbnbpbjh\Zgguc j_]bhgZevguc dhgljhevguc dZeb[j beb
k_jlbnbpbjh\Zgguc wlZehgguc dhgljhevguc jhlhjguc dZeb[j 4
1
/
2
Reg
^he`gu [ulv fZjdbjh\Zgu ke_^mxsbf h[jZahf:
: < Kh (beb fZjdZ) 4
1
/
2
Reg Rotary
J_]bkljZpbhgguc ghf_j
>ZlZ k_jlbnbdZpbb
GZly] ijb khijy`_gbb
API SPEC 7:1997
82
K_jlbnbpbjh\Zgguc j_]bhgZevguc dhgljhevguc dZeb[j beb
k_jlbnbpbjh\Zgguc wlZehgguc dhgljhevguc jhlhjguc dZeb[j NK38,
dhlhju_ \aZbfhaZf_gy_fu k jhlhjguf dZeb[jhf 3
1
/
2
IF, ^he`gu [ulv
fZjdbjh\Zgu ke_^mxsbf h[jZahf:
: < Kh (beb fZjdZ) NC38 (3
1
/
2
IF) Rotary
J_]bkljZpbhgguc ghf_j
>ZlZ k_jlbnbdZpbb
GZly] ijb khijy`_gbb
Jbk. 26. NhjfZ j_av[u dZeb[jh\
LZ[ebpZ 28. JZaf_ju j_av[u dZeb[jh\ ^ey jhlhjguo kh_^bg_gbc k
aZie_qbdZfb
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Kj_a m \iZ^bgu
NhjfZ j_av[u
Qbkeh gblhd
gZ ^xcf
(kijZ\hqgh_) RZ]
Dhgmkghklv
^xcfh\ gZ
nml gZ
^bZf_lj
KijZ\hqgZy
\ukhlZ
j_av[u [_a
kj_aZ
<ukhlZ j_av[u kh
kj_ahf FZdkbfZevgh_ FZdkbfZevgh_ Kj_a \_jrbgu
p H h
g
f
rs
f
rn
f
cs
f
cn
V-0.038R 4 0.2500 2 0.216005 0.101459' 0.053385 0.053385 0.061161 0.061161
V-0.038R 4 0.2500 3 0.215379 0.100996' 0.053385 0.053385 0.060998 0.060998
V-0.040 5 0.2000 3 0.172303 0.093383 0.039460 0.039460 0.039460 0.039460
V-0.050 4 0.2500 3 0.215379 0.119219 0.048080 0.048080 0.048080 0.048080
V-0.050 4 0.2500 2 0.216005 0.119605 0.048200 0.048200 0.048200 0.048200
IJBF?Q:GBY:
1. Ijb jZkq_l_ \ukhlu j_av[u b kj_aZ ke_^m_l mqblu\Zlv \ebygb_ dhgmkZ, mf_gvrZxs__ \ukhlm ijb aZ^Zgghf rZ]_, ih kjZ\g_gbx k \_ebqbghc
ijb lhf `_ rZ]_ gZ pbebg^j_.
2. Ih ^himkdZf kf. lZ[e. 29, 30 b 31, dhehgdb 3, 4, 6. 9 b 10.
3. Kf. jbk. 26.
4. <k_ jZaf_ju \ ^xcfZo ijb 68F, 2F. Ih \hijhkm f_ljbq_kdbo lZ[ebp kf. Ijbeh`_gb_ F.
Z
JZaf_j h
g
^ey nhjfu j_av[u V-0.038R (dhehgdZ 6) g_ fh`_l [ulv bkihevah\Zg ^ey jZkq_lZ gZjm`gh]h b \gmlj_gg_]h ^bZf_ljh\ bkoh^y ba
kj_^g_]h ^bZf_ljZ, aZ^Zggh]h \ lZ[e. 28 b 29, lZd dZd jZaf_ju \iZ^bgu b \_jrbgu ih ijhlhdhem g_ jZ\gu.
API SPEC 7:1997
83
LZ[ebpZ 29. >himkdb gZ jZaf_ju wlZehgguo dhgljhevguo dZeb[jh\
DZeb[j-ijh[dZ Dhevp_\hc dZeb[j
We_f_gl >himkd We_f_gl >himkd
Kj_^gbc ^bZf_lj \ lhqd_ baf_j_gby
Z
: <gmlj_ggbc ^bZf_lj \ lhqd_ baf_j_gby 0.002
JZaf_ju 6
5
/
8
b NC50 b f_g__ 0.0004 RZ]
b
:
JZaf_ju 7
5
/
8
b NC56 b [he__ 0.0005 JZaf_ju hl 2
3
/
8
^h 5
1
/
2
b hl NC23 ^h
NC50
0.0006
GZjm`guc ^bZf_lj \ lhqd_ baf_j_gby 0.002 JZaf_ju 6
5
/
8
b NC56 b [he__ 0.0007
>bZf_lj ijb]hghqghc ieZklbgu 0.015 Dhgmk
k,d
:
RZ]
b
: L
rg
3
1
/
2
b dhjhq_ -0.0004-0.0012
JZaf_ju 6
5
/
8
b NC50 b f_g__ 0.0004 L
rg
hl 3
5
/
8
^h 4 -0.0004-0.0014
JZaf_ju 7
5
/
8
b NC56 b [he__ 0.0005 L
rg
hl 4
1
/
8
^h 4
1
/
2
-0.0004-0.0016
Dhgmk
k
: L
rg
hl 4
5
/
8
^h 5 -0.0004-0.0018
L
rg
3
1
/
2
b dhjhq_ +0.0004 0.0000 L
rg
hl 5
1
/
8
^h 5
1
/
2
-0.0004-0.0020
L
rg
hl 3
5
/
8
^h 4 +0.0005 0.0000 L
rg
hl 5
5
/
8
^h 6 -0.0004-0.0022
L
rg
hl 4
1
/
8
^h 4
1
/
2
+0.0006 0.0000 Iheh\bgZ m]eZ ijhnbey j_av[u 15 fbg
L
rg
hl 4
5
/
8
^h 5 +0.0007 0.0000 >ebgZ L
rg
3
/
32
L
rg
hl 5
1
/
8
^h 5
1
/
2
+0.0008 0.0000 Kj_a \_jrbgu:
L
rg
hl 5
5
/
8
^h 6 +0.0009 0.0000 JZaf_ju 6
5
/
8
b NC50 b f_g__ 0.00120
Iheh\bgZ m]eZ ijhnbey j_av[u 7 fbg JZaf_ju 7
5
/
8
b NC56 b [he__ 0.00125
>ebgZ L
pg
3
/
32
GZjm`guc ^bZf_lj D
R
1
/
64
Kj_a \_jrbgu: >bZf_lj jZaa_gdh\db Q 0.015
JZaf_ju 6
5
/
8
b NC50 b f_g__ 0.00120 GZly] ijb khijy`_gbb S 0.001
JZaf_ju 7
5
/
8
b NC56 b [he__ 0.00125
IJBF?Q:GBY:
1. Kf. jbk. 24.
2. <k_ jZaf_ju mdZaZgu \ ^xcfZo ijb 68F, 2F. Kf. ijbeh`_gb_ F ih \hijhkm f_ljbq_kdbo lZ[e.p.
Z
Ijb hij_^_e_gbb kj_^gbo ^bZf_ljh\ ke_^m_l ij_g_[j_qv ihijZ\dhc gZ m]he kibjZeb.
b
FZdkbfZevgZy ^himklbfZy hrb[dZ rZ]Z f_`^m ^\mfy gbldZfb, khk_^gbfb beb jZa^_e_ggufb g_dhlhjuf jZkklhygb_f, g_ ij_\urZxsbf ihegmx
^ebgm j_av[u fbgmk h^bg iheguc \blhd k dZ`^h]h dhgpZ.
k
AgZq_gby ^ebgu L
rg
mdZaZgu \ lZ[e. 27, dhehgdZ 10.
d
Kj_^gbc dhgmk dhevp_\h]h dZeb[jZ bf__l hljbpZl_evguc ^himkd gZ dhgmkghklv k p_evx fbgbfbabjh\Zlv baf_g_gby gZly]Z, k\yaZggu_ k
hrb[dZfb rZ]Z.
LZ[ebpZ 30. >himkdb gZ jZaf_ju ]eZ\guo b j_]bhgZevguo
dhgljhevguo dZeb[jh\
DZeb[j -ijh[dZ Dhevp_\hc dZeb[j
We_f_gl >himkd We_f_gl >himkd
Kj_^gbc ^bZf_lj \ lhqd_ baf_j_gby
Z
0.0002 <gmlj_ggbc ^bZf_lj \ lhqd_ baf_j_gby 0.002
RZ]
b
: RZ]
b
:
JZaf_j hl 2
3
/
8
^h 3
1
/
2
\dexqbl_evgh 0.0002 JZaf_j hl 2
3
/
8
^h 3
1
/
2
\dexqbl_evgh 0.0003
JZaf_j hl 4 ^h 8
5
/
8
\dexqbl_evgh 0.0003 JZaf_j hl 4 ^h 8
5
/
8
\dexqbl_evgh 0.0004
Dhgmk
k
+0.0004 Dhgmk
k,d
-0.0006
+0.0001 -0.0012
Iheh\bgZ m]eZ ijhnbey j_av[u (fbgmlu) 5 Iheh\bgZ m]eZ ijhnbey j_av[u (fbgmlu) 10
>ebgZ L
pg
3
/
32
>ebgZ L
rg
3
/
32
Kj_a \_jrbgu 0.00112 Kj_a \_jrbgu 0.0011
GZjm`guc ^bZf_lj D
R
1
/
64
>bZf_lj jZaa_gdh\db Q 0.015
GZly] ijb khijy`_gbb S 0.001
IJBF?Q:GBY:
1. Kf. jbk. 24.
2. <k_ jZaf_ju mdZaZgu \ ^xcfZo ijb 68F, 2F. Kf. ijbeh`_gb_ F ih \hijhkm f_ljbq_kdbo lZ[ebp.
Z
Ijb hij_^_e_gbb kj_^gbo ^bZf_ljh\ ke_^m_l ij_g_[j_qv ihijZ\dhc gZ m]he kibjZeb.
b
FZdkbfZevgZy ^himklbfZy hrb[dZ rZ]Z f_`^m ^\mfy gbldZfb, khk_^gbfb beb jZa^_e_ggufb g_dhlhjuf jZkklhygb_f, g_ ij_\urZxsbf ihegmx
^ebgm j_av[u fbgmk h^bg iheguc \blhd k dZ`^h]h dhgpZ.
k
AgZq_gby ^ebgu L
rg
mdZaZgu \ lZ[e. 27, dhehgdZ 10.
d
Kj_^gbc dhgmk dhevp_\h]h dZeb[jZ bf__l hljbpZl_evguc ^himkd gZ dhgmkghklv k p_evx fbgbfbabjh\Zlv baf_g_gby gZly]Z, k\yaZggu_ k
hrb[dZfb rZ]Z.
API SPEC 7:1997
84
LZ[ebpZ 31. >himkdb gZ jZaf_ju jZ[hqbo dZeb[jh\
DZeb[j-ijh[dZ Dhevp_\hc dZeb[j
We_f_gl >himkd We_f_gl >himkd
Kj_^gbc ^bZf_lj \ lhqd_
baf_j_gby
Z
:
<gmlj_ggbc ^bZf_lj \ lhqd_ baf_j_gby 0.002
JZaf_ju 6
5
/
8
b NC50 b f_g__ 0.0004 RZ]
b
:
JZaf_ju 7
5
/
8
b NC56 b [he__ 0.0005 JZaf_ju hl 2
3
/
8
^h 5
1
/
2
b hl NC23 ^h NC50 0.0006
GZjm`guc ^bZf_lj \ lhqd_
baf_j_gby
0.002 JZaf_ju 6
5
/
8
b NC56 b [he__ 0.0007
>bZf_lj ijb]hghqghc ieZklbgu 0.015 Dhgmk
k,d
:
RZ]
b
: L
rg
3
1
/
2
b dhjhq_ -0.0004 -0.0014
JZaf_ju 6
5
/
8
b NC50 b f_g__ 0.0004 L
rg
hl 3
5
/
8
^h 4 -0.0004 -0.0016
JZaf_ju 7
5
/
8
b NC56 b [he__ 0.0005 L
rg
hl 4
1
/
8
^h 4
1
/
2
-0.0004 -0.0018
Dhgmk
k
: L
rg
hl 4
5
/
8
^h 5 -0.0004 -0.0020
L
rg
3
1
/
2
b dhjhq_ +0.0006 -0.0000 L
rg
hl 5
1
/
8
^h 5
1
/
2
-0.0004 -0.0022
L
rg
hl 3
5
/
8
^h 4 +0.0007 -0.0000 L
rg
hl 5
5
/
8
^h 6 -0.0004 -0.0024
L
rg
hl 4
1
/
8
^h 4
1
/
2
+0.0008 -0.0000 Iheh\bggZ m]eZ ijhnbey j_av[u 15 fbg
L
rg
hl 4
5
/
8
^h 5 +0.0009 -0.0000 >ebgZ L
rg
3
/
32
L
rg
hl 5
1
/
8
^h 5
1
/
2
+0.0010 -0.0000 Kj_a \_jrbgu:
L
rg
hl 5
5
/
8
^h 6 +0.0011 -0.0000 JZaf_ju 6
5
/
8
b NC50 b f_g__ 0.00120
Iheh\bgZ m]eZ ijhnbey j_av[u 7 fbg JZaf_ju 7
5
/
8
b NC56 b [he__ 0.00125
>ebgZ L
pg
3
/
32
GZjm`guc ^bZf_lj D
R
1
/
64
Kj_a \_jrbgu: >bZf_lj jZaa_gdh\db Q 0.015
JZaf_ju 6
5
/
8
b NC50 b f_g__ 0.00120 GZly] ijb khijy`_gbb S 0.001
JZaf_ju 7
5
/
8
b NC56 b [he__ 0.00125
IJBF?Q:GBY:
1. Kf. jbk. 25.
2. <k_ jZaf_ju mdZaZgu \ ^xcfZo ijb 68F, 2F. Kf. ijbeh`_gb_ F ih \hijhkm f_ljbq_kdbo lZ[ebp.
Z
Ijb hij_^_e_gbb kj_^gbo ^bZf_ljh\ ke_^m_l ij_g_[j_qv ihijZ\dhc gZ m]he kibjZeb.
b
FZdkbfZevgZy ^himklbfZy hrb[dZ rZ]Z f_`^m ^\mfy gbldZfb, khk_^gbfb beb jZa^_e_ggufb g_dhlhjuf
jZkklhygb_f, g_ ij_\urZxsbf ihegmx ^ebgm j_av[u fbgmk h^bg iheguc \blhd k dZ`^h]h dhgpZ.
k
AgZq_gby ^ebgu L
rg
mdZaZgu \ lZ[e. 27, dhehgdZ 10.
d
Kj_^gbc dhgmk dhevp_\h]h dZeb[jZ bf__l hljbpZl_evguc ^himkd gZ dhgmkghklv k p_evx fbgbfbabjh\Zlv baf_g_gby
gZly]Z, k\yaZggu_ k hrb[dZfb rZ]Z.
13 K_jlbnbdZpby dZeb[jh\ ^ey jhlhjguo kh_^bg_gbc k
aZie_qbdZfb
13.1 <uihegyxsb_ k_jlbnbdZpbx hj]ZgbaZpbb
Gh\u_ b \hkklZgh\e_ggu_ j_]bhgZevgu_ dhgljhevgu_ b wlZehggu_
dhgljhevgu_ dZeb[ju ^he`gu [ulv ij_^klZ\e_gu ^ey k_jlbnbdZpbb,
m^hklh\_jyxs_c, qlh \k_ bo kms_kl\_ggu_ we_f_glu bf_xl lhqghklv,
API SPEC 7:1997
85
khhl\_lkl\mxsmx lj_[h\Zgbyf 12.1 b 12.2. GZpbhgZevguc bgklblml
klZg^Zjlh\ b l_ogheh]bc y\ey_lky hj]ZgbaZpb_c, ijh\h^ys_c
k_jlbnbdZpbx \k_o j_]bhgZevguo dhgljhevguo dZeb[jh\.
Gh\u_ b \hkklZgh\e_ggu_ wlZehggu_ dhgljhevgu_ dZeb[ju
^he`gu ij_^klZ\eylvky ^ey k_jlbnbdZpbb \ h^gm ba ke_^mxsbo
hj]ZgbaZpbc:
Z. GZpbhgZevguc bgklblml klZg^Zjlh\ b l_ogheh]bc,
Washington, D.C., USA.
b. GZpbhgZevgZy nbabq_kdZy eZ[hjZlhjby, Teddington, England.
c. GZpbhgZevgZy bkke_^h\Zl_evkdZy eZ[hjZlhjby ih f_ljheh]bb,
Ibaraki, Japan.
d. GZpbhgZevgZy eZ[hjZlhjby baf_j_gbc, Lindfield, N.S.W.,
Australia.
e. GZpbhgZevguc bgklblml ijhfure_gguo l_ogheh]bc, Buenos
Aires, Argentina.
f. GZpbhgZevguc bgklblml f_ljheh]bb, Beijing, People' s
Republic of China.
IJBF?Q:GB?. AZy\e_gb_ h ij_^hklZ\e_gbb ijZ\ Hj]ZgbaZpbb
API ih k_jlbnbdZpbb fh`_l [ulv ijbgylh hl ex[hc eZ[hjZlhjbb,
kihkh[ghc ijh^_fhgkljbjh\Zlv khhl\_lkl\b_ h[s_c iheblbd_ b
mklZgh\e_gguf lj_[h\Zgbyf API. AZbgl_j_kh\Zggu_ klhjhgu ^he`gu
h[jZlblvky \ Hl^_e bkke_^h\Zgbc b ijhba\h^kl\Z, 1220 L Street, NW,
Washington, D.C., 20005. < ijbeh`_gbb ? d gZklhysbf l_ogbq_kdbf
mkeh\byf ijb\_^_gu lj_[h\Zgby d hj]ZgbaZpbb, bf_xs_c ijZ\h gZ
k_jlbnbdZpbx.
13.2 H[sb_ lj_[h\Zgby
J_]bhgZevgu_ dhgljhevgu_ dZeb[ju b wlZehggu_ dhgljhevgu_
API SPEC 7:1997
86
dZeb[ju ^he`gu k_jlbnbpbjh\Zlvky \ \b^_ ihegh]h dhfie_dlZ,
gZijbf_j wlZehgguc dhgljhevguc dZeb[j-ijh[dZ b wlZehgguc
dhgljhevguc dZeb[j-dhevph. ?^bgbqgu_ dZeb[ju fh]ml [ulv
k_jlbnbpbjh\Zgu lhevdh _keb hgb khijh\h`^Zxlky ij_^\Zjbl_evgh
k_jlbnbpbjh\Zgguf khijy`_gguf dZeb[jhf. Ijb bkihevah\Zgbb
ij_^\Zjbl_evgh k_jlbnbpbjh\Zggh]h khijy`_ggh]h dZeb[jZ \
ijh\h^ysmx k_jlbnbdZpbx hj]ZgbaZpbx ^he`_g [ulv ij_^klZ\e_g Zdl
_]h k_jlbnbdZpbb, m^hklh\_jyxsbc lhqghklv khijy`_ggh]h dZeb[jZ.
<k_ ij_^klZ\e_ggu_ ^ey k_jlbnbdZpbb dZeb[ju ^he`gu [ulv
fZjdbjh\Zgu ihklhygghc fZjdbjh\dhc, \dexqZxs_c j_]bkljZpbhgguc
ghf_j API b ^Zlm ij_^klZ\e_gby.
13.3 K_jlbnbdZpby
Ba]hlh\bl_ev dZeb[jh\ ^he`_g \u[jZlv h^gm ba i_j_qbke_gguo \
imgdl_ 13.1 hj]ZgbaZpbc ^ey ijh\_jdb gh\uo b \hkklZgh\e_gguo
j_]bhgZevguo dhgljhevguo b wlZehgguo dhgljhevguo dZeb[jh\ gZ
khhl\_lkl\b_ lj_[h\Zgbyf jZa^_eZ 12. >ey dZ`^h]h dhfie_dlZ dZeb[jh\,
m^h\e_l\hjyxs_]h \k_f lj_[h\Zgbyf, ba]hlh\bl_ev ^he`_g ihemqblv hl
ijh\h^ys_c k_jlbnbdZpbx hj]ZgbaZpbb Zdl, m^hklh\_jyxsbc lhqghklv
dZeb[jh\. :dl k_jlbnbdZpbb ^he`_g kh^_j`Zlv ke_^mxsmx
bgnhjfZpbx:
Z. GZbf_gh\Zgb_ \uihegyxs_c k_jlbnbdZpbx hj]ZgbaZpbb.
b. Ih^ibkv dhgljhe_jZ.
c. >ZlZ ijh\_^_gby k_jlbnbdZpbb.
d. J_]bkljZpbhgguc ghf_j API dZ`^h]h dZeb[jZ.
e. J_amevlZlu baf_j_gby \_ebqbgu gZly]Z ijb khijy`_gbb.
f. J_amevlZlu baf_j_gby gZly]Z ijb \aZbfghc aZf_g_.
g. Hlq_l h ijh\_jd_ khhl\_lkl\by kh]eZkgh 13.7.
h. Hlq_l h ijh\_jd_ khhl\_lkl\by kh]eZkgh jZa^_em 12.
API SPEC 7:1997
87
Ba]hlh\bl_ev ^he`_g ^Zlv bgkljmdpbx \uihegyxs_c
k_jlbnbdZpbx hj]ZgbaZpbb \ukeZlv dhibx ZdlZ k_jlbnbdZpbb \
<Zrbg]lhgkdh_ hl^_e_gb_ API.
13.4 GZly] ijb \aZbfghc aZf_g_
<k_ gh\u_ b \hkklZgh\e_ggu_ wlZehggu_ dhgljhevgu_ dZeb[ju
^he`gu [ulv ij_^klZ\e_gu \ h^gm ba hj]ZgbaZpbc, mdZaZgguo \ imgdl_
13.5 beb 13.6, ^ey hij_^_e_gby gZly]Z ijb \aZbfghc aZf_g_ k
bkihevah\Zgb_f ]eZ\guo beb j_]bhgZevguo dhgljhevguo dZeb[jh\,
kh]eZkgh lj_[h\Zgbyf 12.8.
13.5 =eZ\gu_ dhgljhevgu_ dZeb[ju
H^bg ]eZ\guc dhgljhevguc dZeb[j gZ dZ`^uc jZaf_j b lbi
kh_^bg_gby gZoh^blky \ GZpbhgZevghf bgklblml_ klZg^Zjlh\ b
l_ogheh]bc, Washington, D.C., USA. Wlb ]eZ\gu_ dhgljhevgu_ dZeb[ju
bkihevamxlky ^ey ijh\_jdb \_ebqbgu gZly]Z ijb \aZbfghc aZf_g_
j_]bhgZevguo dhgljhevguo dZeb[jh\ b wlZehgguo dhgljhevguo
dZeb[jh\. Ijh\_jd_ k ihfhsvx ]eZ\gh]h dhgljhevgh]h dZeb[jZ fh]ml
ih^\_j]Zlvky lhevdh l_ j_]bhgZevgu_ dhgljhevgu_ b wlZehggu_
dhgljhevgu_ dZeb[ju, dhlhju_ ba]hlh\e_gu ba]hlh\bl_e_f, bf_xsbf
ebp_gabx API.
IJBF?Q:GB?. =eZ\gu_ b j_]bhgZevgu_ dhgljhevgu_ dZeb[ju g_
^he`gu ijbf_gylvky ^ey dhgljhey bkihevam_fuo jZ[hqbo dZeb[jh\.
13.6 J_]bhgZevgu_ dhgljhevgu_ dZeb[ju
< ijbeh`_gbb ? i_j_qbke_gu hj]ZgbaZpbb, bf_xsb_ gZ ojZg_gbb
j_]bhgZevgu_ dhgljhevgu_ dZeb[ju g_h[oh^bfuo jZaf_jh\ b lbih\.
Wlb j_]bhgZevgu_ dhgljhevgu_ dZeb[ju bkihevamxlky ^ey ijh\_jdb
\_ebqbgu gZly]Z ijb \aZbfghc aZf_g_ wlZehggufb dhgljhevgufb
dZeb[jZfb. Ijh\_jd_ k ihfhsvx j_]bhgZevguo dhgljhevguo dZeb[jh\
API SPEC 7:1997
88
fh]ml ih^\_j]Zlvky lhevdh l_ wlZehggu_ dhgljhevgu_ dZeb[ju, dhlhju_
ba]hlh\e_gu ba]hlh\bl_e_f, bf_xsbf ebp_gabx API.
IJBF?Q:GB?. =eZ\gu_ b j_]bhgZevgu_ dhgljhevgu_ dZeb[ju g_
^he`gu ijbf_gylvky ^ey dhgljhey bkihevam_fuo jZ[hqbo dZeb[jh\.
13.7 Hij_^_e_gb_ gZly]Z
GZly] ijb khijy`_gbb b \aZbfghc aZf_g_ (kf. jbk. 23 b 24)
ke_^m_l hij_^_eylv dZd hibkZgh gb`_:
Z. < l_q_gb_ ijh\_^_gby baf_j_gbc \k_ ^_lZeb mqZkl\mxsb_ \
gbo ^he`gu bf_lv h^bgZdh\mx l_fi_jZlmjm 68F,2F
(20C,1,1C).
b. DZeb[ju g_ ^he`gu bf_lv \b^bfuo ke_^h\ aZ]jyag_gby i_j_^
khijy`_gb_f. Lhgdmx ie_gdm f_^bpbgkdh]h fbg_jZevgh]h fZkeZ
g_h[oh^bfh kl_j_lv k j_av[u k ihfhsvx qbklhc aZfrb beb
ijh\hehqghc s_ldb.
k. IZjZ dZeb[jh\ ^he`gZ [ulv khijy`_gZ k ihfhsvx jmqghc
aZly`db, g_ ijb[_]Zy d ij_^\Zjbl_evghfm k\bgqb\Zgbx, b ihegh_
kh\f_s_gb_ ^he`gh \uihegylvky k ihfhsvx ih\hjhlgh]h
m^ZjgbdZ, hij_^_e_ggh]h ^ey dZ`^h]h jZaf_jZ (kf. jbk. 27).
d. Qbkeh m^Zjh\ ih\hjhlgh]h m^ZjgbdZ g_kms_kl\_ggh. >he`gh
[ulv \uiheg_gh ^hklZlhqgh_ qbkeh m^Zjh\, qlh[u ihke_^mxsb_
m^Zju g_ ijb\h^beb d ^Zevg_cr_fm ih\hjhlm dhevpZ hlghkbl_evgh
ijh[db. Ijb bkiulZgbyo dZeb[j-ijh[dZ ^he`_g [ulv ijhqgh
aZdj_ie_g, ij_^ihqlbl_evgh \ lbkdZo, mklZgh\e_gguo gZ ijhqghf
jZ[hq_f klhe_. Ijb lZdhf aZdj_ie_gbb ^hklZlhqgh \uihegblv 12
m^Zjh\ ^ey ihemq_gby ihegh]h kh\f_s_gby.
API SPEC 7:1997
89
Jbk. 27. Ih\hjhlguc m^Zjgbd
13.8 Hlq_l h \_ebqbg_ gZly]Z
?keb dZeb[j khhl\_lkl\m_l ij_^_eZf gZly]Z ijb \aZbfghc aZf_g_,
mklZgh\e_gguf \ 12.8 beb 12.10, lh ba]hlh\bl_ev dZeb[jh\ beb
hj]ZgbaZpby, \uihegyxsZy bo \hkklZgh\e_gb_, ^he`gu ihemqblv hl
ijh\h^ys_c k_jlbnbdZpbx hj]ZgbaZpbb hlq_l h \_ebqbgZo gZly]Z dZd
ijb khijy`_gbb, lZd b ijb \aZbfghc aZf_g_. Ba]hlh\bl_ev b
ijhba\h^bl_ev jZ[hl ih \hkklZgh\e_gbx ^he`gu ij_^hklZ\blv dhibx
wlh]h hlq_lZ \ hl^_e_gb_ API \ <Zrbg]lhg_.
13.9 FZjdbjh\dZ
<k_ dhfie_dlu j_]bhgZevguo beb wlZehgguo dhgljhevguo
dZeb[jh\, bkiulZgby dhlhjuo ihdZaZeb bo ihegh_ khhl\_lkl\b_
lj_[h\Zgbyf jZa^_eZ 12, ^he`gu bf_lv ihklhyggmx fZjdbjh\dm lhevdh
gZ dZeb[j_-ijh[d_, \dexqZxsmx gZbf_gh\Zgb_ beb fZjdm
\uihegb\r_c k_jlbnbdZpbx hj]ZgbaZpbb.
14 FZjdbjh\dZ kh_^bg_gbc
?keb jhlhjgu_ kh_^bg_gby bkihevamxlky gZ ba^_ebyo beb ^ey
p_e_c, g_ jZkkfZljb\Z_fuo \ ^Zgguo l_ogbq_kdbo mkeh\byo, gh
API SPEC 7:1997
90
khhl\_lkl\mxl lj_[h\Zgbyf d j_av[_ b ih dZeb[jh\d_ ^Zggh]h
klZg^ZjlZ, lh ih j_r_gbx ba]hlh\bl_ey gZ gbo fh`_l [ulv gZg_k_gZ
\[ebab j_av[u fZjdbjh\dZ k ihfhsvx de_cf_gby beb ih ljZnZj_lm,
kh^_j`ZsZy bfy beb fZjdm ba]hlh\bl_ey, 'Spec7, jZaf_j b lbi
kh_^bg_gby. FZjdbjh\dZ kh_^bg_gbc fh`_l ijbf_gylvky d ba^_ebyf
dhlhju_ g_ jZkkfZljb\Zxlky \ ^Zgguo l_ogbq_kdbo mkeh\byo API.
GZijbf_j, kh_^bg_gb_ NC46 fh`_l [ulv fZjdbjh\Zgh ke_^mxsbf
h[jZahf:
: < Kh (beb fZjdZ) SPEC 7 NC46 THD
15 Dhgljhev b hl[jZdh\dZ
Dh]^Z wlh h[mkeh\e_gh \ aZdZa_ ihdmiZl_ey, ^he`gu ijbf_gylvky
mkeh\by ijbeh`_gby N.
API SPEC 7:1997
91
IJBEH@?GB? :
>HIHEGBL?EVGU? LJ?;H<:GBY
Ih kh]eZr_gbx f_`^m ihdmiZl_e_f b ba]hlh\bl_e_f, b dh]^Z wlh
h[mkeh\e_gh \ aZdZa_ ihdmiZl_ey, ^he`gu ijbf_gylvky ke_^mxsb_
^hihegbl_evgu_ lj_[h\Zgby d ahg_ k\Zjdb [mjbevguc aZfhd/[mjbevgZy
ljm[Z.
:.1 SR1. QZklhlZ bkiulZgbc
H^bg gZ[hj f_oZgbq_kdbo bkiulZgbc ^he`_g \uihegylvky gZ
iZjlbb beb gZ 200 k\Zjguo r\Zo, kfhljy qlh f_gvr_.
:.2 SR2. M^Zjgu_ bkiulZgby ih RZjib gZ h[jZapZo k V-h[jZaguf
gZ^j_ahf lbiZ :
L_fi_jZlmjZ bkiulZgbc ^he`gZ [ulv -4F, 5F (-20C, 2,8C).
:.3 SR3. FbgbfZevgu_ agZq_gby
FbgbfZevgh_ kj_^g__ agZq_gb_ ^ey lj_o h[jZaph\ ^he`gu [ulv g_
f_g__ 20 nml-nmglh\. FbgbfZevgh_ agZq_gb_ ^ey dZ`^h]h h[jZapZ
^he`gh [ulv g_ f_g__ 17 nml-nmglh\.
API SPEC 7:1997
92
IJBEH@?GB? <
BGKLJMDPBB IH H;KEM@B<:GBX B IJBF?G?GBX
J?=BHG:EVGUO DHGLJHEVGUO D:EB;JH< API
<.1 Ih\_joghklb baf_j_gby j_]bhgZevguo dhgljhevguo dZeb[jh\
^he`gu [ulv aZsbs_gu \Za_ebgh\uf ihdjulb_f, gZg_k_gguf
dbklhqdhc gZ j_av[m. < oheh^gmx ih]h^m j_dhf_g^m_lky ke_]dZ
ih^h]j_lv \Za_ebg ^ey ijb^Zgby _fm [hevr_c l_dmq_klb. ?keb dZeb[ju
g_ bkihevamxlky \ l_q_gb_ i_jbh^Z r_klb f_kyp_\, lh bo ke_^m_l
iheghklvx hqbklblv b gZg_klb k\_`__ \Za_ebgh\h_ ihdjulb_.
(G_cljZevgh_ fZkeh wnn_dlb\gh ^ey aZsblu dZeb[jh\ lhevdh \ l_q_gb_
dhjhldh]h i_jbh^Z, hl g_kdhevdbo ^g_c ^h ^\mo g_^_ev, \ aZ\bkbfhklb
hl Zlfhkn_jguo mkeh\bc. < l_iemx ih]h^m fZkeh [m^_l kl_dZlv k
ih\_joghkl_c agZqbl_evgh [uklj__, q_f \ oheh^gmx ih]h^m. Kh
\j_f_g_f qZklbpu iueb, hk_^Zxsb_ gZ aZsbs_gguc fZkehf dZeb[j,
[m^ml ijhgbdZlv gZ _]h ih\_joghklv b \uau\Zlv g_[hevrb_ iylgZ
j`Z\qbgu. Ihkdhevdm ijb ojZg_gbb g_ ba\_klgh, dh]^Z j_]bhgZevguc
dhgljhevguc dZeb[j ihgZ^h[blky ^ey \uiheg_gby baf_j_gbc gZly]h\ gZ
dhfie_dlZo wlZehgguo dhgljhevguo dZeb[jh\, bkihevah\Zgb_ \Za_ebgZ
\ dZq_kl\_ ihdjulby j_dhf_g^m_lky \h \k_o kemqZyo.)
<.2 DZeb[ju ke_^m_l ojZgblv \ jZah[jZgghf \b^_ \ mkeh\byo ohjhrh
dhgljhebjm_fhc l_fi_jZlmju. Dh]^Z dZeb[j-ijh[dZ b dhevp_\hc
dZeb[ju ojZgylky \ kh[jZgghf \b^_ k ijbf_g_gb_f beb [_a aZsblgh]h
ihdjulby, kms_kl\m_l l_g^_gpby jZa\blby we_dljheblbq_kdhc dhjjhabb,
ijhy\eyxs_cky \ baf_g_gbb hdjZkdb dhglZdlbjmxsbo ih\_joghkl_c.
Ijb gZoh`^_gbb \ kh[jZgghf \b^_ \ l_q_gb_ ^ebl_evgh]h kjhdZ
ih\_joghklb fh]ml ih^\_j]Zlvky kh\f_klghfm j`Z\e_gbx. B^_Zevguf
API SPEC 7:1997
93
f_klhf ^ey ojZg_gby j_]bhgZevguo dhgljhevguo dZeb[jh\ y\ey_lky
rdZn k ^_j_\yggufb ihedZfb, bf_xsbc aZdju\Zxsmxky gZ dexq
^\_jpm ^ey ij_^hl\jZs_gby g_kZgdpbhgbjh\Zggh]h bkihevah\Zgby
dZeb[jh\. Ihedb ^he`gu [ulv jZa^_e_gu ^_j_\yggufb i_j_]hjh^dZfb,
kha^Zxsbfb hl^_evgu_ hlk_db ^ey dZ`^h]h jZaf_jZ dZeb[jZ-ijh[db.
Hl^_e_gby ^ey dhevp_\uo dZeb[jh\ g_ lj_[mxlky, gh bo g_evay
kdeZ^u\Zlv klhidhc. Ihedb ^he`gu [ulv ihdjulu \hs_ghc [mfZ]hc ^ey
aZsblu lhjp_\ ijh[hd b dhe_p.
<.3 Ijb hij_^_e_gbb agZq_gbc gZly]h\ dZd j_]bhgZevguc dhgljhevguc
dZeb[j, lZd b wlZehgguc dhgljhevguc dZeb[j ^he`gu [ulv iheghklvx
hqbs_gu i_j_^ k[hjdhc. Wlh fh`_l [ulv \uiheg_gh gZb[he__
wnn_dlb\gh iml_f ih]jm`_gby dZeb[jZ (ijh[db beb dhevpZ) \
ih^oh^ysbc jZkl\hjbl_ev b ihke_^mxs_c hqbkldb ih\_joghkl_c j_av[u
k ihfhsvx `_kldhc s_ldb. Ihke_ hqbkldb wlZehggu_ dZeb[ju ^he`gu
[ulv ijhdhgljhebjh\Zgu gZ gZebqb_ ih\j_`^_gbc j_av[u, j`Z\qbgu b
l.i. DZeb[ju, bf_xsb_ ijb`h]b beb ]jm[mx j_av[m, qlh fh`_l
ih\j_^blv, j_]bhgZevgu_ dhgljhevgu_ dZeb[ju, g_ ^he`gu
bkihevah\Zlvky ijb k[hjd_ ^ey baf_j_gbc. < hlghr_gbb baf_g_gby
p\_lZ ih\_joghklb j_av[u j_r_gb_ ^he`_g ijbgylv ojZgbl_ev
dZeb[jh\. Dhwnnbpb_gl lj_gby f_`^m ]eZ^dbfb b [e_klysbfb
klZevgufb ih\_joghklyfb f_gvr_, q_f f_`^m ]jm[ufb ih\_joghklyfb
k baf_g_gguf p\_lhf. Hq_\b^gh, qlh dhwnnbpb_gl lj_gby bf__l
agZq_gb_ ijb hij_^_e_gbb \_ebqbg gZly]Z. HkZ^hd k \ukhdbf
kh^_j`Zgb_f kfhebkluo \_s_kl\ gZ dZeb[jZo agZqbl_evgh m\_ebqb\Z_l
lj_gb_. G_ j_dhf_g^m_lky hij_^_eylv gZly] ijb lZdhf hkZ^d_.
<.4 Ijb hij_^_e_gbb gZly]Z ih\_joghklv j_av[u ^he`gZ [ulv ihdjulZ
iheghklvx, gh g_ kebrdhf ]mklh, f_^bpbgkdbf fbg_jZevguf fZkehf.
Ba[uldZ fZkeZ ke_^m_l ba[_]Zlv, ihkdhevdm hg fh`_l \ul_dZlv ba
API SPEC 7:1997
94
dhgph\ dZeb[jh\ b ijb gZdhie_gbb \ebylv gZ j_amevlZlu baf_j_gbc
gZly]Z.
<.5 Ijb hi_jZpbyo k[hjdb dZeb[j-ijh[dZ ^he`_g [ulv ijhqgh
aZdj_ie_g \ lbkdZo. Lbkdb ^he`gu [ulv fZkkb\gufb b `_kldh
aZdj_ie_ggufb gZ `_kldhf klhe_. Wlh bf__l [hevrh_ agZq_gb_ ijb
hij_^_e_gbb gZly]h\, hkh[_ggh ^ey [hevrbo jZaf_jh\ dZeb[jh\, lZd
dZd gZ j_amevlZlu fh`_l hdZau\Zlv kms_kl\_ggh_ \ebygb_ `_kldhklv
aZdj_ieyxsbo mkljhckl\. Ijb ijbf_g_gbb m^ZjgbdZ jmqdZ juqZ]Z
^he`gZ jZkiheZ]Zlvky ijb[ebabl_evgh ]hjbahglZevgh (kf. jbk. 27).
GZly] ke_^m_l baf_jylv \ q_luj_o lhqdZo \hdjm] ijb]hghqghc
ieZklbgu, ba[_]Zy ijb wlhf dhglZdlZ k dZdbfb - eb[h ijbih^gylufb
lhqdZfb \ f_klZo rlZfih\db k_jbcgh]h ghf_jZ ieZklbgu. < dZq_kl\_
\_ebqbgu gZly]Z ^ey hlq_lZ ijbgbfZ_lky kj_^g__ ih q_luj_f
ihdZaZgbyf.
API SPEC 7:1997
95
IJBEH@?GB? K
BGKLJMDPBB IH LJ:GKIHJLBJH<D? WL:EHGGUO
DHGLJHEVGUO D:EB;JH<
K.1 Ijb ijZ\bevghf moh^_ b bkihevah\Zgbb lhevdh ^ey mklZgh\e_gguo
p_e_c, Z bf_ggh ^ey ijh\_jdb jZ[hqbo dZeb[jh\, bf_xsbo ]eZ^dmx,
qbklmx j_av[m, wlZehggu_ dhgljhevgu_ dZeb[ju ^he`gu h[uqgh
hklZ\Zlvky \ ohjhr_f khklhygbb \ l_q_gb_ g_kdhevdbo e_l. ?keb
dZeb[ju aZ]jyagyxlky, \eZ^_e_p dZeb[jh\ ^he`_g ijh\_klb bo hqbkldm
i_j_^ hlijZ\dhc ihevah\Zl_ex ^ey hij_^_e_gby \_ebqbg gZly]h\.
K.2 Bgh]^Z k ihfhsvx aZhklj_gghc iZehqdb ba fy]dh]h ^_j_\Z fh`gh
m^Zeblv gZkeh_gby beb ebd\b^bjh\Zlv baf_g_gby p\_lZ. >ey
\uiheg_gby wlhc hi_jZpbb ke_^m_l aZdj_iblv dZeb[j (ijh[dm beb
dhevph) \ iZljhg_ lhdZjgh]h klZgdZ b ijb f_^e_gghf \jZs_gbb
ijb`bfZlv iZehqdm d j_av[_, ijbeZ]Zy h^bgZdh\u_ mkbeby k h[_bo
klhjhg j_av[u. Wlhl f_lh^ iha\hey_l kgylv agZqbl_evgmx qZklv lZdbo
gZkeh_gbc, gh bgh]^Z ijb _]h ijbf_g_gbb g_h[oh^bfh gZg_klb gZ
iZehqdm g_fgh]h fZkeZ b f_edh]h gZ`^ZdZ. >ey wlbo p_e_c g_evay
bkihevah\Zlv djmiguc beb kebrdhf hkljuc gZ`^Zd.
IJBF?Q:GB?. >ey \ur_mihfygmluo p_e_c j_dhf_g^m_lky
bkihevah\Zlv f_edbc gZ`^Zqguc ihjhrhd, gZijbf_j 12
<Zrbg]lhgkdh]h aZ\h^Z.
K.3 AZmk_gpu beb f_edb_ \fylbgu gZ j_av[_ fh]ml [ulv aZqbs_gu k
ihfhsvx Z[jZab\gh]h [jmkdZ. AZqbkldZ Z[jZab\guf [jmkdhf \fylbg,
ijb dhlhjhc aZo\Zlu\Z_lky [he__ rbjhdZy h[eZklv j_av[u dZeb[jZ, g_
API SPEC 7:1997
96
j_dhf_g^m_lky, lZd dZd wlh fh`_l k_jv_agh ih\ebylv gZ lhqghklv
dZeb[jZ. < kemqZyo agZqbl_evguo jZdh\bg beb \fylbg j_dhf_g^m_lky
h[jZlblvky d ba]hlh\bl_ex dZeb[jh\ ^ey ijh\_^_gby ih\lhjghc
rebnh\db.
K.4 Ihke_ \hkklZgh\e_gby dZeb[j ^he`_g [ulv iheghklvx hqbs_g.
K.5 Ihke_ ijhkmrb\Zgby dZeb[j-ijh[dZ b dhevp_\hc dZeb[j ^he`gu
[ulv iheghklvx ihdjulu f_^bpbgkdbf fbg_jZevguf fZkehf, kh[jZgu \
khijy`_ggmx iZjm, b aZ\_jgmlu \ ijhfZke_ggmx [mfZ]m.
K.6 DZ`^Zy khijy`_ggZy iZjZ dZeb[jh\ ^he`gZ [ulv miZdh\ZgZ \
hl^_evguc ysbd ^ey ljZgkihjlbjh\db c ijbf_g_gb_f \_lhrb beb
ZgZeh]bqgh]h fZl_jbZeZ.
K.7 MiZdh\hqgu_ ysbdb ^he`gu [ulv ijhqgufb b ^hklZlhqgh
fZkkb\gufb ^ey ij_^hl\jZs_gby ih\j_`^_gby dZeb[jh\ \h \j_fy
ljZgkihjlbjh\db; j_dhf_g^m_lky ijbf_g_gb_ fZl_jbZeZ lhesbghc 2
^xcfZ (50.8 ff). ?keb dZeb[ju ihemq_gu ihevah\Zl_e_f \ ysbdZo,
g_ijb]h^guo ^ey h[jZlghc ljZgkihjlbjh\db, ihevah\Zl_ev ^he`_g
hlj_fhglbjh\Zlv bo beb aZf_gblv ^jm]bfb, klhbfhklv q_]h ^h[Z\ey_lky
d ieZl_ aZ \uiheg_gb_ dhgljhey. DZeb[j ^he`_g ijhqgh m^_j`b\Zlvky \
ysbd_ k ihfhsvx [ehdZ k ijhk\_je_gguf \ _]h k_j_^bg_ hl\_jklb_f,
dhlhjuc iehlgh ih^h]gZg ih jmdhyld_ dZeb[jZ-ijh[db. M^_j`b\Zxsbc
[ehd ^he`_g [ulv aZdj_ie_g kgZjm`b ysbdZ k ihfhsvx ^_j_\ygguo
\bglh\.
K.8 <_jogyy qZklv ljZgkihjlbjh\hqgh]h ysbdZ ^he`gZ [ulv
aZdj_ie_gZ k ihfhsvx \bglh\, gh g_ ]\ha^_c, Z gZ h[jZlghc klhjhg_
djurdb ^he`_g [ulv gZ^_`gh ijbdj_ie_g h[jZlguc Z^j_k, lZd, qlh[u
fh`gh [ueh i_j_\_jgm\ djurdm bkihevah\Zlv __ ^ey h[jZlghc hlkuedb
\eZ^_evpm dZeb[jZ.
K.9 <k_ ljZgkihjlgu_ jZkoh^u ^he`gu [ulv aZjZg__ hieZq_gu.
HlijZ\dm dZeb[jZ ihlj_[bl_ex ke_^m_l ij_^ihqlbl_evgh ijhba\h^blv
API SPEC 7:1997
97
kjhqghc ihqlhc, ihkdhevdm wlh h[_ki_qb\Z_l [he__ [ukljmx ^hklZ\dm b
ihemq_gb_. Ijb \ha\jZs_gbb dZeb[jh\ ihlj_[bl_ev hlijZ\ey_l bo k
hieZlhc ihemqZl_e_f. <eZ^_e_p dZeb[jh\ ^he`_g mdZaZlv ihevah\Zl_ex,
hlijZ\eylv bo lh\Zjguf beb kjhqguf ih_a^hf.
K.10 Ihevah\Zl_eyf g_ jZaj_rZ_lky ijhba\h^blv k[hjdm ]eZ\guo beb
i_j\bqguo dhgljhevguo dZeb[jh\ k wlZehggufb dhgljhevgufb
dZeb[jZfb, j_av[Z dhlhjuo ih\j_`^_gZ beb aZ]jyag_gZ. ?keb
\uihegy_lky hqbkldZ, ^jm]Zy, q_f lj_[m_fZy ^ey kgylby aZsblgh]h
ihdjulby, bkiulZl_evgZy hj]ZgbaZpby ij_^ty\ey_l kq_l aZ
^hihegbl_evgmx jZ[hlm. ?keb gZ dZeb[j_ bf__lky j`Z\qbgZ beb
\fylbgu, jZaf_ju dhlhjuo lZdh\u, qlh lj_[m_lky \hkklZgh\e_gb_,
\eZ^_e_p dZeb[jZ ^he`_g [ulv h[ wlhf ba\_s_g. G_m^ZqZ ijb
ijh\_^_gbb \hkklZgh\e_gby lZdh]h dZeb[jZ jZkkfZljb\Z_lky dZd
hkgh\Zgb_ ^ey hlf_gu _]h klZlmkZ dZd ml\_j`^_ggh]h wlZehggh]h
dhgljhevgh]h dZeb[jZ.
K.11 <eZ^_evpu dZeb[jh\, dhlhju_ ^he`gu ljZgkihjlbjh\Zlvky \ KR:
ba ^jm]bo kljZg \ GZpbhgZevguc bgklblml klZg^Zjlh\ b l_ogheh]bc
(NIST) ^ey ijh\_^_gby bkiulZgbc, ^he`gu i_j_^ wlbf kh]eZkh\Zlv wlh
k ij_^klZ\bl_eyfb lZfh`gb beb kljZgu gZoh`^_gby beb KR:, b
ihemqblv jZaj_r_gb_ gZ \\ha dZeb[jh\ \ KR:, k aZdexq_gb_f ^h]h\hjZ
beb [_a g_]h, \ aZ\bkbfhklb hl g_h[oh^bfhklb, b aZjZg__ h[_ki_qblv
ljZgkihjlbjh\dm lm^Z b h[jZlgh. <\ha ih ^h]h\hjm lj_[m_lky, _keb
dZeb[ju ba]hlh\e_gu \g_ KR:, lh]^Z dZd dZeb[ju, ba]hlh\e_ggu_ \
KR:, fh]ml [ulv \\_a_gu [_a aZdexq_gby ^h]h\hjZ. ?keb hnhjfe_gb_
\\haZ ijhba\_^_gh k ij_^klZ\bl_e_f kljZgu ijhbkoh`^_gby dZeb[jZ, hg
^he`_g, \ k\hx hq_j_^v, ^h]h\hjblvky k ij_^klZ\bl_e_f lZfh`gb \
ihjlm beb \[ebab g_]h h \\ha_ dZeb[jZ b ih^]hlh\blv _]h
ljZgkihjlbjh\dm \ GZpbhgZevguc bgklblml klZg^Zjlh\ b l_ogheh]bc,
Gaithersburg, MD.
API SPEC 7:1997
98
K.12 :evl_jgZlb\guf kihkh[hf ^hklZ\db, ijb dhlhjhf g_ lj_[m_lky
ijb[_]Zlv d mkem]Zf ij_^klZ\bl_ey lZfh`gb, y\ey_lky i_j_\hadZ ih
\ha^mom q_j_a F_`^mgZjh^guc Zwjhihjl >Zee_kZ, <Zrbg]lhg, D.C..
?keb ^hklZ\dZ ijhba\h^blky ih wlhfm imlb, GZpbhgZevguc bgklblml
klZg^Zjlh\ b l_ogheh]bc ijbgbfZ_l dZeb[ju \ Zwjhihjlm, hnhjfey_l
\\ha ih ^h]h\hjm, _keb wlh g_h[oh^bfh, Z ihke_ bkiulZgbc aZdju\Z_l
^h]h\hj, _keb wlh lj_[m_lky, b ^hklZ\ey_l dZeb[ju \ Zwjhihjl ^ey
h[jZlghc ljZgkihjlbjh\db. DZeb[ju [m^ml ^hklZ\e_gu kh\f_klgh k
ljZgkihjlgufb kq_lZfb, dhlhju_ mieZqb\Zxlky ihke_ ^hklZ\db.
K.13 LjZgkihjlbjh\dZ ih \ha^mom agZqbl_evgh ^hjh`_ ih kjZ\g_gbx k
i_j_\hadhc gZ km^Zo, h^gZdh jZagbpZ \ kms_kl\_gghc kl_i_gb
mf_gvrZ_lky \ke_^kl\b_ hlkmlkl\by ieZlu ij_^klZ\bl_eyf lZfh`gb.
>hihegbl_evguf ij_bfms_kl\hf ljZgkihjlbjh\db ih \ha^mom y\ey_lky
mf_gvr_gb_ \j_f_gb, \ l_q_gb_ dhlhjh]h dZeb[ju hlkmlkl\mxl gZ
ij_^ijbylbb bo \eZ^_evpZ.
K.14 HieZlZ aZljZl bkiulZl_evghc hj]ZgbaZpbb gZ bkiulZgby
hnhjfey_lky hl^_evgh hl hieZlu ij_^klZ\bl_ey lZfh`gb. HieZlZ
bkiulZgbc ijhba\h^blky ij_^\Zjbl_evgh.
API SPEC 7:1997
99
IJBEH@?GB? D
J?DHF?G>M?F:Y F?LH>BD: H;KEM@B<:GBY B
BKIHEVAH<:GBY J:;HQBO D:EB;JH<
D.1 Mf_gvr_gb_ gZly]Z ijb khijy`_gbb bkihevam_fuo jZ[hqbo
dZeb[jh\ g_ y\ey_lky k_jv_aguf g_^hklZldhf, ijb mkeh\bb, qlh baghk
we_f_glh\ j_av[u ijhbkoh^bl jZ\ghf_jgh, b qlh ijb ijh\_jd_
ijhba\h^kl\_gguo j_av[ ijbf_gy_lky dhjj_dpby gZly]Z dZeb[jh\,
\_ebqbgm dhlhjhc ihemqZxl ijb kjZ\g_gbb k wlZehggufb dhgljhevgufb
dZeb[jZfb.
D.2 <\b^m bo qj_a\uqZcgh \ukhdhc lhqghklb ba]hlh\e_gb_ dZeb[jh\
ij_^klZ\ey_l kh[hc agZqbl_evgh_ \eh`_gb_ dZiblZeZ. Ihwlhfm
h[jZs_gb_ k dZeb[jZfb ^he`gh [ulv hklhjh`guf. DZeb[ju, k
dhlhjufb g_ZddmjZlgh h[jZsZxlky beb ^himkdZxl mom^r_gb_ bo
lhqghklb, [ukljh l_jyxl k\hx p_gghklv \ dZq_kl\_ bgkljmf_glZ ^ey
dZeb[jh\Zgby.
D.3 GZ dZeb[jZo g_ ^he`gh [ulv ]jyab b f_edbo qZklbp. <Z`gh
h[_ki_qblv ih^oh^ys__ f_klh ^ey ojZg_gby. J_dhf_g^m_lky ojZgblv
dZeb[ju-ijh[db b dhevp_\u_ dZeb[ju hl^_evgh, Z g_ \ \b^_ k\bgq_gghc
iZju. Dh]^Z dZeb[ju g_ bkihevamxlky, hgb ^he`gu [ulv ihdjulu
dhgkbkl_glghc kfZadhc ohjhr_c fZjdb.
D.4 I_j_^ ijbf_g_gb_f ke_^m_l ijh\_jblv j_av[m dZeb[jh\ gZ gZebqb_
aZmk_gp_\. AZmk_gpu beb ^jm]b_ ]jm[u_ ^_n_dlu ke_^m_l m^Zeblv k
ihfhsvx kj_^g_]h gZ`^Zqgh]h dZfgy beb f_edbf gZibevgbdhf.
DZeb[ju ke_^m_l ih^\_j]Zlv i_jbh^bq_kdhfm \bamZevghfm dhgljhex gZ
gZebqb_ ijh^hevguo lj_sbg gZ ih\_joghklyo baf_j_gby.
API SPEC 7:1997
100
H[gZjm`_ggu_ lj_sbgu ke_^m_l m^Zeblv k ihfhsvx f_edh]h
gZibevgbdZ beb dZfgy.
D.5 Ijb baf_j_gbb ijhba\h^kl\_gghc j_av[u k dZeb[jZfb ke_^m_l
h[jZsZlvky k [hevrhc hklhjh`ghklvx. LsZl_evgh hqbklbl_ dZeb[j b
ba^_eb_ i_j_^ k[hjdhc. LhgdZy ie_gdZ fZeh\yadh]h fZkeZ fh`_l
aZsblblv dZeb[j ijb _]h ijbf_g_gbb b ijh^eblv kjhdb _]h
bkihevah\Zgby. Kmob_ ih\_joghklb ijb k[hj_ ^jm] k ^jm]hf ih^
^Z\e_gb_f bf_xl l_g^_gpbx d aZ_^Zgbx, qlh ijb\h^bl d gZebiZgbx
f_lZeeZ. LZdb_ f_klZ [m^ml kha^Z\Zlv g_lhqghklb ijb baf_j_gbb, _keb
bo g_ m^Zeblv. DZeb[ju ^he`gu gZ^_\Zlvky gZ ba^_eb_ iehlgh. >ey wlhc
p_eb fh`_l [ulv bkihevah\Zg kl_j`_gv ^ebghc 6 ^xcfh\ (152.4
fbeebf_ljZ). K\h[h^gu_ ihkZ^db ijb baf_j_gbyo ijb\h^yl d
k\h[h^guf kh_^bg_gbyf.
API SPEC 7:1997
101
IJBEH@?GB? ?
LJ?;H<:GBY D HJ=:GBA:PBYF,
HKMS?KL<EYXSBF K?JLBNBD:PBX D:EB;JH< API
<k_ aZy\bl_eb gZ ij_^hklZ\e_gb_ ijZ\ hj]ZgbaZpbb,
hkms_kl\eyxs_c k_jlbnbdZpbx dZeb[jh\ API, ^he`gu
ijh^_fhgkljbjh\Zlv k\hx kihkh[ghklv ijh\h^blv baf_j_gby \
ke_^mxsbo h[eZklyo:
Z. Hdjm`ZxsZy kj_^Z h[hjm^h\Zgby.
b. Dhgljhevgh_ h[hjm^h\Zgb_.
c. KlZg^Zjlu b dZeb[jh\Zgb_.
d. D\ZebnbdZpby i_jkhgZeZ.
e. Hj]ZgbaZpbhggZy kljmdlmjZ.
f. >hdmf_glZpby.
g. OjZg_gb_ b h[jZs_gb_.
API SPEC 7:1997
102
IJBEH@?GB? F
=E:<GU? B J?=BHG:EVGU? DHGLJHEVGU?
D:EB;JU API >EY JHLHJGUO KH?>BG?GBC
1 YG<:JY 1994
LZ[ebpZ F-1. Kh_^bg_gby ih^ ghf_jZfb (ghf_jgu_)
NC26 NC31 NC35 NC38 NC40 NC44 NC46 NC50 NC56 NC61 NC70
J_]bkljZpbhgguc ghf_j dZeb[jZ
=eZ\gu_ dhgljhevgu_ dZeb[ju
GZpbhgZevguc bgklblml klZg^Zjlh\ b
l_ogheh]bc, Washington D.C., U.S.A..
4401 4402 7000 4403 3005 7001 4404 4405 7002 7003 7004
J_]bhgZevgu_ dhgljhevgu_ dZeb[ju
AZ\h^ baf_jbl_evguo b j_`msbo
bgkljmf_glh\ Q_gv`m, Chengdu, Peoples
Republic of China
7831 7832
GZpbhgZevguc bgklblml ijhfure_gguo
l_ogheh]bc, Buenos Aires, Argentina
7012 7013 7014 8082 7015 7016
DZeb[ju b dZeb[jh\Zgb_ Lone Star, Houston,
TX, U.S.A.
10400 10395
GZpbhgZevguc bgklblml f_ljheh]bb, Beijing,
Peoples Republic of China
7834 7835 7836 7837 7838 7839 7840 7841 7842 7843 7844
GZpbhgZevgZy nbabq_kdZy eZ[hjZlhjby,
Teddington, England
4407 4408 7008 4409 3017 7009 4410 4411 7010 7011
GZpbhgZevgZy bkke_^h\Zl_evkdZy
eZ[hjZlhjby ih f_ljheh]bb, Ibaraki, Japan
4420 4421 4422
EZ[hjZlhjby dhgljhey ljm[
g_nl_ijhfukeh\h]h khjlZf_glZ, Baoji,
Peoples Republic of China
1706 1707 1708 1709 1710 10602 1711 1712 1713
LZ[ebpZ F-2. GhjfZevgu_ ijZ\u_ (REG RH)
JZaf_ju
2
3
/
8
2
7
/
8
3
1
/
2
4
1
/
2
5
1
/
2
6
5
/
8
7
5
/
8
8
5
/
8
J_]bkljZpbhgguc ghf_j dZeb[jZ
=eZ\gu_ dhgljhevgu_ dZeb[ju
GZpbhgZevguc bgklblml klZg^Zjlh\ b l_ogheh]bc,
Washington D.C., U.S.A..
1101 1102 1103 1104 1105 1700 1142 1701
J_]bhgZevgu_ dhgljhevgu_ dZeb[ju
GZpbhgZevguc bgklblml ijhfure_gguo
l_ogheh]bc, Buenos Aires, Argentina
1148 1149 1150 6501 6502 6503 6504
DZeb[ju b dZeb[jh\Zgb_ Lone Star, Houston, TX,
U.S.A.
1122 1123 1124 1125 1126 1127 1128
GZpbhgZevgZy nbabq_kdZy eZ[hjZlhjby,
Teddington, England
1129 1130 1131 1132 1133 1134 1146 1147
GZpbhgZevgZy bkke_^h\Zl_evkdZy eZ[hjZlhjby ih
f_ljheh]bb, Ibaraki, Japan
1143 1144 1145
GZpbhgZevgZy baf_jbl_evgZy eZ[hjZlhjby.
Lindfield, N.S.W., Australia
6022 6023 6024 6025
EZ[hjZlhjby dhgljhey ljm[ g_nl_ijhfukeh\h]h
khjlZf_glZ, Baoji, Peoples Republic oI China
1714 1731 1715 1716 1717 1718 1719
API SPEC 7:1997
103
LZ[ebpZ F-3. GhjfZevgu_ e_\u_ (REG LH)
JZaf_ju
2
3
/
8
2
7
/
8
3
1
/
2
4
1
/
2
5
1
/
2
6
5
/
8
7
5
/
8
8
5
/
8
J_]bkljZpbhgguc ghf_j dZeb[jZ
=eZ\gu_ dhgljhevgu_ dZeb[ju
GZpbhgZevguc bgklblml klZg^Zjlh\ b l_ogheh]bc,
Washington D.C., U.S.A.
1751 1752 1753 1754 1755 1756 1779 1757
J_]bhgZevgu_ dhgljhevgu_ dZeb[ju
DZeb[ju b dZeb[jh\Zgb_ Lone Star, Houston, TX,
U.S.A
1758 1759 1760 1761 1762 1763 1764
GZpbhgZevgZy nbabq_kdZy eZ[hjZlhjby, Teddington,
England
1771 1772 1773 1774 1775 1776
GZpbhgZevgZy baf_jbl_evgZy eZ[hjZlhjby. LindIield,
N.S.W., Australia
1916
EZ[hjZlhjby dhgljhey ljm[ g_nl_ijhfukeh\h]h
khjlZf_glZ, Baoji, Peoples Republic oI China
1724 1725 1726 1727 1728 1729 1730
LZ[ebpZ F-4. Rbjhdhijhoh^ghc ijZ\uc (FH)
JZaf_j
3
1
/
2
4 4
1
/
2
5
1
/
2
6
5
/
8
J_]bkljZpbhgguc ghf_j dZeb[jZ
=eZ\gu_ dhgljhevgu_ dZeb[ju
GZpbhgZevguc bgklblml klZg^Zjlh\ b l_ogheh]bc,
Washington D.C., U.S.A.
3001 3005 3002 3003 3004
J_]bhgZevgu_ dhgljhevgu_ dZeb[ju
AZ\h^ baf_jbl_evguo b j_`msbo bgkljmf_glh\
Q_gv`m, Chengdu, Peoples Republic oI China
7833
GZpbhgZevguc bgklblml ijhfure_gguo l_ogheh]bc,
Buenos Aires, Argentina
3031 3032
GZpbhgZevgZy nbabq_kdZy eZ[hjZlhjby, Teddington,
England
3016 3017 3018 3019 3020
GZpbhgZevgZy bkke_^h\Zl_evkdZy eZ[hjZlhjby ih
f_ljheh]bb, Ibaraki, Japan
3027 3028 3030
GZpbhgZevgZy baf_jbl_evgZy eZ[hjZlhjby. LindIield,
N.S.W., Australia
3228
GZpbhgZevguc bgklblml f_ljheh]bb, Beijing, Peoples
Republic of China
7845
EZ[hjZlhjby dhgljhey ljm[ g_nl_ijhfukeh\h]h
khjlZf_glZ, Baoji, Peoples Republic oI China
1720 1721 1722
LZ[ebpZ F-5. JZ\ghijhoh^gu_ ijZ\u_ (IF)
JZaf_ju
2
3
/
8
2
7
/
8
3
1
/
2
4 4
1
/
2
5
1
/
2
J_]bkljZpbhgguc ghf_j dZeb[jZ
=eZ\gu_ dhgljhevgu_ dZeb[ju
GZpbhgZevguc bgklblml klZg^Zjlh\ b l_ogheh]bc,
Washington D.C., U.S.A
4401 4402 4403 4404 4405 4406
J_]bhgZevgu_ dhgljhevgu_ dZeb[ju
GZpbhgZevguc bgklblml ijhfure_gguo l_ogheh]bc,
Buenos Aires, Argentina
7012 7013 7014 7015 7016
DZeb[ju b dZeb[jh\Zgb_ Lone Star, Houston, TX,
U.S.A
10400 10305
GZpbhgZevguc bgklblml f_ljheh]bb, Beijing, Peoples
Republic of China
7846
GZpbhgZevgZy nbabq_kdZy eZ[hjZlhjby, Teddington,
England
4407 4408 4409 4410 4411 4412
GZpbhgZevgZy bkke_^h\Zl_evkdZy eZ[hjZlhjby ih
f_ljheh]bb, Ibaraki, Japan
4420 4421 4422 4423
EZ[hjZlhjby dhgljhey ljm[ g_nl_ijhfukeh\h]h
khjlZf_glZ, Baoji, Peoples Republic oI China
1723
API SPEC 7:1997
104
IJBEH@?GB? G
J?DHF?G>M?FU? FGH=HDHFIHG?GLGU? KF:ADB
>EY J?AV;U JHLHJGUO KH?>BG?GBC K
A:IE?QBD:FB
IJBF?Q:GB?. J_dhf_g^m_lky, qlh[u wlbd_ldZ gZ \k_o
dhgl_cg_jZo k j_av[h\ufb kfZadZfb, ij_^gZagZq_ggufb ^ey
bkihevah\Zgby k [mjbevgufb aZfdZfb, \dexqZeZ \_kh\h_ kh^_j`Zgb_
f_lZeeZ b ^bZiZahg j_dhf_g^m_fuo l_fi_jZlmj.
G.1 H[sb_ iheh`_gby
Ihkdhevdm jhlhjgu_ kh_^bg_gby k aZie_qbdZfb ih^\_j]Zxlky ijb
wdkiemZlZpbb \ukhdbf gZ]jmadZf gZ djmq_gb_, \Z`gh ijbf_gylv
j_av[h\u_ kfZadb, h[_ki_qb\Zxsb_ gZ^_`gmx aZsblm ijhlb\ aZ_^Zgby
b ij_^hl\jZsZxsb_ qj_af_jgh_ k\bgqb\Zgb_. Qj_af_jgh_ k\bgqb\Zgb_
h[uqgh ijb\h^bl d ih\j_`^_gbx nhjfu beb ihehfd_ gbii_evghc
qZklb, b/beb jZkrbj_gbx fmnlh\hc qZklb. < klZg^Zjl_ API 7:1
J_dhf_g^m_fu_ f_lh^u bkiulZgbc fgh]hdhfihg_glguo j_av[h\uo
kfZahd ^ey jhlhjguo kh_^bg_gbc k aZie_qbdZfb ', kh^_j`Zlky
j_dhf_g^Zpbb ih bkiulZgbyf oZjZdl_jbklbd gZ lj_gb_ j_av[h\uo
kfZahd ^ey jhlhjguo kh_^bg_gbc k aZie_qbdZfb. < ke_^mxsbo
iZjZ]jZnZo ^Zxlky j_dhf_g^Zpbb ih ijbf_g_gbx j_av[h\uo kfZahd \
jhlhjguo kh_^bg_gbyo k aZie_qbdZfb API. Ohly \hafh`gh, qlh ^jm]b_
kfZadb bf_xl jZ\ghp_ggu_ wdkiemZlZpbhggu_ oZjZdl_jbklbdb,
h[km`^Z_fu_ gb`_ kfZadb y\eyxlky m^h\e_l\hjbl_evgufb.
API SPEC 7:1997
105
G.1.1 Fgh]hdhfihg_glgu_ kfZadb ^ey j_av[u [mjbevguo aZfdh\
Fgh]hdhfihg_glgu_ kfZadb gZ hkgh\_ pbgdZ ihdZaZeb ohjhrb_
oZjZdl_jbklbdb ijb ijbf_g_gbb gZ [mjbevguo aZfdZo. Wlb kfZadb
^he`gu kh^_j`Zlv hl 40 ^h 60 ijhp_glh\ ih \_km lhgdh baf_evq_ggh]h
f_lZeebq_kdh]h pbgdZ, b g_ [he__ 0.3 ijhp_glZ Zdlb\ghc k_ju.
G.1.2 Fgh]hdhfihg_glgu_ kfZadb ^ey j_av[u mly`_e_gguo
[mjbevguo ljm[
Fgh]hdhfihg_glgu_ kfZadb gZ hkgh\_ k\bgpZ beb pbgdZ ihdZaZeb
ohjhrb_ oZjZdl_jbklbdb ijb ijbf_g_gbb \ jhlhjguo kh_^bg_gbyo k
aZie_qbdZfb mly`_e_gguo [mjbevguo ljm[. Wlb kfZadb ^he`gu
kh^_j`Zlv fbgbfmf 60 ijhp_glh\ lhgdh baf_evq_ggh]h ihjhrdZ
f_lZeebq_kdh]h k\bgpZ beb hl 40 ^h 60 ijhp_glh\ lhgdh baf_evq_ggh]h
ihjhrdZ f_lZeebq_kdh]h pbgdZ, b g_ [he__ 0.3 ijhp_glh\ Zdlb\ghc
k_ju.
G.1.3 Fgh]hdhfihg_glgu_ kfZadb ^ey j_av[u ^hehl ^ey kiehrgh]h
b dhehgdh\h]h [mj_gby
Fgh]hdhfihg_glgu_ kfZadb gZ hkgh\_ pbgdZ ihdZaZeb ohjhrb_
oZjZdl_jbklbdb ijb ijbf_g_gbb gZ ^hehlZo ^ey kiehrgh]h b
dhehgdh\h]h [mj_gby. Wlb kfZadb ^he`gu kh^_j`Zlv hl 40 ^h 60
ijhp_glh\ ih \_km lhgdh baf_evq_ggh]h f_lZeebq_kdh]h pbgdZ, b g_
[he__ 0.3 ijhp_glZ Zdlb\ghc k_ju.
G.2 F_ju ij_^hklhjh`ghklb
Fgh]hdhfihg_glgu_ kfZadb ^ey j_av[u fh]ml kh^_j`Zlv hiZkgu_
\_s_kl\Z. >ey ihemq_gby ^Zevg_cr_c bgnhjfZpbb ijhkfhljbl_
i_j_q_gv ^Zgguo ih [_ahiZkghklb ijhfure_gguo fZl_jbZeh\.
FZjdbjh\dm, ojZg_gb_, hlq_l b ^Zevg_cr__ bkihevah\Zgb_ dhgl_cg_jh\
^ey fgh]hdhfihg_glguo kfZahd ^ey j_av[u b h^ghjZah\uo fZl_jbZeh\
API SPEC 7:1997
106
ke_^m_l ijhba\h^blv kh]eZkgh ijbf_gy_fuf ijZ\beZf.
Fgh]hdhfihg_glgu_ kfZadb ^ey j_av[u, ba]hlh\e_ggu_ kh]eZkgh
;xee_l_gx API 5:3, [m^ml kha^Z\Zlv qj_af_jgh_ gZ\bgqb\Zgb_ b bo
ijbf_g_gb_ g_ j_dhf_g^m_lky \ jhlhjguo kh_^bg_gbyo k aZie_qbdZfb.
API SPEC 7:1997
107
IJBEH@?GB? G
J?DHF?G>M?FU? F?LH>U BAF?J?GBC GH<UO
JHLHJGUO KH?>BG?GBC K A:IE?QBD:FB
G.1 Ij_^bkeh\b_
>Zggu_ j_dhf_g^m_fu_ f_lh^u him[ebdh\Zgu k p_evx hdZaZgby
ihfhsb ijb ijbh[j_l_gbb b ijbf_g_gbb bgkljmf_glh\
m^h\e_l\hjbl_evgh]h dZq_kl\Z ^ey hij_^_e_gby rZ]Z b dhgmkghklb
j_av[h\uo we_f_glh\ gh\uo jhlhjguo kh_^bg_gbc k aZie_qbdZfb.
>jm]b_ bgkljmf_glu b f_lh^u fh]ml b ^he`gu bkihevah\Zlvky ^ey
dhgljhey hi_jZpbc ba]hlh\e_gby. >Zggu_ j_dhf_g^m_fu_ f_lh^u gb \
dh_f kemqZ_ g_ ij_^gZagZq_gu ^ey h]jZgbq_gby bkihevah\Zgby dZdbo-
eb[h ^jm]bo bgkljmf_glh\ beb f_lh^h\ dhgljhey ijhba\h^kl\_gguo
hi_jZpbc, gh \ kemqZ_ \hagbdgh\_gby jZagh]eZkbc ijb_fdZ beb
hl[jZdh\dZ ba^_ebc ^he`gu ijhba\h^blvky gZ hkgh\_ bkihevah\Zgby
bgkljmf_glh\ ^ey hij_^_e_gby rZ]Z b dhgmkghklb, hibkZgguo \ ^Zgguo
j_dhf_g^m_fuo f_lh^Zo. (Kf. 12.4 b 12.5 ^Zgguo l_ogbq_kdbo mkeh\bc.)
G.2 F_ju ij_^hklhjh`ghklb
G.2.1 L_fi_jZlmjZ
<k_ bgkljmf_glu ^he`gu [ulv \u^_j`Zgu ijb lZdbo `_
l_fi_jZlmjguo mkeh\byo, dZd l_, ijb dhlhjuo gZoh^ylky ijhoh^ysb_
dhgljhev ba^_eby, \ l_q_gb_ \j_f_gb, ^hklZlhqgh]h ^ey ebd\b^Zpbb
jZaebqby l_fi_jZlmju.
API SPEC 7:1997
108
G.2.2 Moh^ aZ bgkljmf_glZfb
Hibku\Z_fu_ a^_kv bgkljmf_glu hlghkylky d dZl_]hjbb lhqguo, b
k gbfb g_h[oh^bfh h[jZsZlvky k hklhjh`ghklvx b h[^mfZggh, bf_y \
\b^m ih^^_j`Zgb_ \ukhdhc lhqghklb baf_j_gbc, lj_[m_fhc ijb
dhgljhe_ \ khhl\_lkl\bb k j_dhf_g^m_fufb f_lh^Zfb. ?keb dZdhc-eb[h
bgkljmf_gl ih^\_j]ky g_ij_^gZf_j_gghfm iZ^_gbx beb kbevghfm
m^Zjm, _]h g_evay ijbf_gylv ^ey dhgljhey ^h ijbgylby f_j ih
\hkklZgh\e_gbx _]h lhqghklb.
G.2.3 HqbkldZ j_av[u
<ky j_av[Z ^he`gZ [ulv i_j_^ ijh\_^_gb_f baf_j_gby hqbs_gZ.
?keb baf_j_gb_ ijh\h^blky ihke_ ljZgkihjlbjh\db, j_av[h\u_ kfZadb
^he`gu [ulv m^Ze_gu dbklhqdhc ba `_kldhc s_lbgu k ijbf_g_gb_f
khhl\_lkl\mxs_]h jZkl\hjbl_ey.
G.3 Baf_j_gb_ dhgmkghklb
G.3.1 Hij_^_e_gby
>ey j_av[u jhlhjguo kh_^bg_gbc k aZie_qbdZfb dhgmkghklv
^he`gZ hij_^_eylvky dZd m\_ebq_gb_ kj_^g_]h ^bZf_ljZ j_av[u,
\ujZ`_ggh_ \ ^xcfZo gZ nml (fbeebf_ljZo gZ f_lj). >ey \k_o \b^h\
j_av[u ^himkdb gZ dhgmkghklv \ujZ`Zxlky \ ^xcfZo gZ nml
(fbeebf_ljZo gZ f_lj) j_av[u; ih]j_rghklb dhgmkghklb \ujZ`Z_lky lZd
`_. Baf_j_gby \uihegyxlky gZ khhl\_lkl\mxsbo hlj_adZo ^ebgu, b
gZ[ex^Z_fu_ ih]j_rghklb ^he`gu [ulv jZkkqblZgu \ ^xcfZo gZ nml
(fbeebf_ljZo gZ f_lj).
G.3.2 DhglZdlu baf_jbl_evguo ijb[hjh\
DhglZdlgu_ gZdhg_qgbdb ijb[hjh\ ^ey baf_j_gby dhgmkghklb
^he`gu [ulv rZjbdh\h]h lbiZ b ba]hlZ\eb\Zlvky ba dZj[b^Z \hevnjZfZ
beb dZj[b^Z lZglZeZ. JZaf_ju rZjbdh\uo dhglZdlh\ ^he`gu [ulv
API SPEC 7:1997
109
lZdbfb, qlh[u hgb dhglZdlbjh\Zeb k [hdh\ufb klhjhgZfb ijhnbey
j_av[u, Z g_ k \_jrbghc m]eZ \iZ^bgu j_av[u. H[s_ijbgylu_ jZaf_ju
rZjbdh\h]h dhglZdlZ, m^h\e_l\hjyxsb_ lj_[h\Zgbyf khijbdhkgh\_gby
k [hdh\ufb klhjhgZfb ijhnbey j_av[u, ihdZaZgu \ lZ[e. G-1.
G.3.3 J_av[hf_j ^ey baf_j_gby dhgmkghklb gZjm`ghc j_av[u
Dhgmkghklv gZjm`ghc j_av[u fh`_l [ulv baf_j_gZ k ihfhsvx
jZa^\b`gh]h j_av[hf_jZ k bg^bdZlhjhf k djm]h\hc rdZehc, ihdZaZggh]h
gZ jbk. G-1.
IJBF?Q:GB?. Ijb \uiheg_gbb lhqguo baf_j_gbc ke_^m_l
bkihevah\Zlv j_av[hf_j, bf_xsbc fZdkbfZevgh_ jZkklhygb_ f_g__
m^\h_ggh]h jZaf_jZ j_av[u.
G.3.4 F_lh^bdZ baf_j_gby gZjm`ghc j_av[u
MklZgh\b\ j_]mebjm_fuc juqZ] j_av[hf_jZ gZ jZaf_j gZjm`ghc
baf_jy_fhc j_av[u, ihf_sZxl nbdkbjh\Zgguc dhglZdl \ ihabpbx
i_j\hc iheghc gbldb j_av[u, Z dhglZdl gZ iemg`_j_, jZkiheZ]Zxl gZ
lhc `_ gbld_, gZ ijhlb\hiheh`ghc gZ 180 ]jZ^mkh\ klhjhg_. M^_j`b\Zy
nbdkbjh\Zgguc dhglZdl g_ih^\b`gh \ aZ^Zgghf iheh`_gbb, ijb\h^yl
iemg`_jguc dhglZdl \ dhe_[Zl_evgh_ ^\b`_gb_ ih g_[hevrhc ^m]_,
j_]mebjmy ijb wlhf bg^bdZlhj k djm]h\hc rdZehc lZdbf h[jZahf, qlh[u
gme_\Zy ihabpby kh\iZeZ k fZdkbfZevguf ihdZaZgb_f. AZl_f ^he`gu
[ulv k^_eZgu q_j_a khhl\_lkl\mxsbc bgl_j\Ze gZ \k_c ^ebg_
iheghijhnbevghc j_av[u ihke_^h\Zl_evgu_ baf_j_gby \ lhc `_
jZ^bZevghc ihabpbb hlghkbl_evgh hkb j_av[u. >ey \ujZ\gb\Zgby
nbdkbjh\Zggh]h dhglZdlZ \ lhc `_ jZ^bZevghc ihabpbb fh`_l [ulv
bkihevah\ZgZ ebgby, ijh\_^_ggZy ih \_jrbgZf j_av[u iZjZee_evgh hkb
j_av[u. JZagbpZ f_`^m ihke_^h\Zl_evgufb baf_j_gbyfb [m^_l jZ\gZ
\_ebqbg_ dhgmkghklb gZ ^Zgghf bgl_j\Ze_ j_av[u.
API SPEC 7:1997
110
Jbk. G-1. Baf_j_gby dhgmkghklb gZjm`ghc j_av[u
LZ[ebpZ G-1. Dhfi_gkbjh\ZggZy ^ebgZ j_av[u b ^bZf_lju
rZjbdh\h]h dhglZdlZ ijb baf_j_gbyo iZjZee_evgh gZdehgm dhgmkZ
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
NhjfZ j_av[u Dhgmkghklv,
^xcf/nml
Qbkeh \bldh\ gZ ^xcf RZ], ^xcfu >ebgZ j_av[u
(iZjZee_evgh hkb
j_av[u), ^xcfu
Dhfi_gkbjh\ZggZy ^ebgZ
j_av[u (iZjZee_evgh gZdehgm
dhgmkZ), ^xcfu
>bZf_lj
rZjbdh\h]h
dhglZdlZ, ^xcfu
V-0.038R 2.00 4 0.25000 1 1.00347 0.14400
V-0.038R 3.00 4 0.25000 1 1.00778 0.14400
V-0.040 3.00 5 0.20000 1 1.00778 0.11500
V-0.050 3.00 4 0.25000 1 1.00778 0.14400
V-0.050 2.00 4 0.25000 1 1.00347 0.14400
V-0.065 2.00 4 0.25000 1 1.00347 0.14400
V-0.076 1.50 4 0.25000 1 1.00195 0.14400
H-90 2.00 3
1
/
2
0.28571 2 2.00694 0.20203
H-90 3.00 3
1
/
2
0.28571 2 2.01556 0.20203
SL-H90 1.25 3 0.33333 1 1.00136 0.23570
IJBF?Q:GBY:
1. Ohly \ ^Zgghf ijbeh`_gbb j_dhf_g^mxlky baf_j_gby lhevdh \_ebqbgu dhgmkghklb b rZ]Z, wlb ^bZf_lju rZjbdh\h]h dhglZdlZ fh]eb [u [ulv
lZd`_ bkihevah\Zgu ^ey ihemq_gby lhq_d dhglZdlZ gZ ijhnbevghf fbdjhkdhi_ ^ey baf_j_gby m]eZ ijhnbey j_av[u beb ijh\_jdb nhjfu ijhnbey
j_av[u, _keb gm`gh, aZ bkdexq_gb_f kemqZy j_av[u k nhjfhc V-0.040, ]^_ dhglZdlu ^he`gu [ulv kj_aZgu ^ey ijhk\_lZ m hkgh\Zgby j_av[u. ?keb
ijhba\h^blky baf_j_gb_ \ukhlu j_av[u, lh lhqdb dhglZdlZ rlZg]_gj_cke_mkZ ^he`gu bf_lv dhgbq_kdmx nhjfm k m]ehf f_`^m kljhdZfb 50 b
jZ^bmkhf \ \_jrbg_ dhgmkZ 0.002 ^xcfZ.
2. Ih \hijhkm f_ljbq_kdbo lZ[ebp kf. ijbeh`_gb_ F.
G.3.5 J_av[hf_j ^ey baf_j_gby dhgmkghklb \gmlj_gg_c j_av[u
Dhgmkghklv \gmlj_gg_c j_av[u fh`_l [ulv baf_j_gZ k ihfhsvx
jZa^\b`gh]h j_av[hf_jZ ^ey \gmlj_gg_c dhgmkghklb j_av[u, dZd
ihdZaZgh gZ jbk. G-2.
API SPEC 7:1997
111
G.3.6 F_lh^bdZ baf_j_gby \gmlj_gg_c j_av[u
MklZgh\b\ j_]mebjm_fuc juqZ] j_av[hf_jZ \ khhl\_lkl\bb k
jZaf_jhf baf_jy_fhc j_av[u, ihf_sZxl dhglZdl nbdkbjh\Zggh]h
juqZ]Z j_av[hf_jZ \ ihabpbx i_j\hc gbldb j_av[u iheghc ]em[bgu, Z
dhglZdl gZ ih^\b`ghf juqZ]_ - gZ ijhlb\hiheh`ghc klhjhg_ lhc `_
gbldb ih^ m]ehf 180 ]jZ^mkh\. M^_j`b\Zy nbdkbjh\Zgguc dhglZdl
g_ih^\b`gh \ aZ^Zgghf iheh`_gbb, ijb\h^yl ih^\b`ghc dhglZdl \
dhe_[Zl_evgh_ ^\b`_gb_ ih g_[hevrhc ^m]_, j_]mebjmy ijb wlhf
bg^bdZlhj k djm]h\hc rdZehc lZdbf h[jZahf, qlh[u gme_\Zy ihabpby
kh\iZeZ k fZdkbfZevguf ihdZaZgb_f. AZl_f ^he`gu [ulv k^_eZgu q_j_a
khhl\_lkl\mxsbc bgl_j\Ze gZ \k_c ^ebg_ iheghijhnbevghc j_av[u
ihke_^h\Zl_evgu_ baf_j_gby \ lhc `_ jZ^bZevghc ihabpbb
hlghkbl_evgh hkb j_av[u. >ey \ujZ\gb\Zgby nbdkbjh\Zggh]h dhglZdlZ
\ lhc `_ jZ^bZevghc ihabpbb fh`_l [ulv bkihevah\ZgZ ebgby,
ijh\_^_ggZy ih \_jrbgZf j_av[u iZjZee_evgh hkb j_av[u. JZagbpZ
f_`^m ihke_^h\Zl_evgufb baf_j_gbyfb [m^_l jZ\gZ \_ebqbg_
dhgmkghklb gZ ^Zgghf bgl_j\Ze_ j_av[u.
G.4 Baf_j_gby rZ]Z
G.4.1 Hij_^_e_gby
<_ebqbgZ rZ]Z hij_^_ey_lky dZd jZkklhygb_ hl g_dhlhjhc lhqdb gZ
\bld_ j_av[u ^h khhl\_lkl\mxs_c lhqdb gZ ke_^mxs_f \bld_, ijb
baf_j_gbb iZjZee_evgh hkb j_av[u. >himkdb gZ rZ] mklZgZ\eb\Zxlky gZ
^xcf j_av[u b h[sbc, khhl\_lkl\_ggh q_fm ^he`gu hij_^_eylvky
hrb[db rZ]Z. Ijb baf_j_gbyo gZ bgl_j\Ze_ ^ebgu, hlebqghf hl ^xcfZ
(25,4 fbeebf_ljZ), ihemq_ggu_ ih]j_rghklb ^he`gu [ulv i_j_kqblZgu
gZ ^xcf. Ijb baf_j_gbyo gZdhie_gghc ih]j_rghklb, ihemq_ggu_
agZq_gby y\eyxlky j_amevlZlhf gZdhie_gby hrb[hd.
API SPEC 7:1997
112
G.4.2 DhglZdlgu_ gZdhg_qgbdb baf_jbl_evgh]h ijb[hjZ
DhglZdlgu_ gZdhg_qgbdb ijb[hjZ ^ey baf_j_gby rZ]Z ^he`gu
[ulv rZjbdh\h]h lbiZ b ij_^ihqlbl_evgh ba]hlh\e_gu ba dZj[b^Z
\hevnjZfZ beb dZj[b^Z lZglZeZ. JZaf_ju dhglZdlguo gZdhg_qgbdh\
^he`gu [ulv lZdh\u, qlh[u hgb dhglZdlbjh\Zeb k [hdh\ufb klhjhgZfb
ijhnbey j_av[u, Z g_ k \_jrbghc m]eZ \iZ^bgu j_av[u. H[uqgh
ijbf_gy_fu_ rZjbdh\u_ dhglZdlu, m^h\e_l\hjyxsb_ wlbf
lj_[h\Zgbyf, bf_xl ^bZf_lju, ihdZaZggu_ \ lZ[e. G-1.
G.4.3 Ijb[hju ^ey baf_j_gby rZ]Z
RZ] gZjm`ghc j_av[u fh`_l [ulv baf_j_g k ihfhsvx ijb[hjh\
^ey baf_j_gby rZ]Z, ihdZaZgguo gZ jbk. G-3, Z rZ] \gmlj_gg_c j_av[u -
k ihfhsvx ijb[hjh\ gZ jbk. G-4. Baf_jbl_eb rZ]Z ^he`gu bf_lv
lZdmx dhgkljmdpbx, qlh[u baf_jbl_evguc f_oZgbaf [ue \
gZijy`_gghf khklhygbb, dh]^Z bg^bdZlhjgZy klj_edZ j_]mebjm_lky gZ
gmev k ihfhsvx klZg^Zjlgh]h rZ[ehgZ (kf. jbk. G-5). KlZg^Zjlgu_
rZ[ehgu ^he`gu bf_lv dhgkljmdpbx, iha\heyxsmx dhfi_gkbjh\Zlv
hrb[dm, \hagbdZxsmx ijb baf_j_gbb rZ]Z iZjZee_evgh gZdehgm
dhgmkZ, \f_klh baf_j_gby iZjZee_evgh hkb j_av[u, kh]eZkgh \_ebqbgZf,
mdZaZgguf \ lZ[e. G-1. JZkklhygb_ f_`^m ^\mfy khk_^gbfb \uj_aZfb
rZ[ehgZ ^he`gh [ulv lhqgh \ ij_^_eZo ^himkdh\ 0,0001 ^xcfZ (0.003
fbeebf_ljZ), Z f_`^m ex[ufb ^\mfy, gh g_khk_^gbfb \uj_aZfb - \
ij_^_eZo ^himkdh\ 0,0002 ^xcfZ (0.005 fbeebf_ljZ).
G.4.4 J_]mebjh\dZ ijb[hjh\
I_j_^ ijh\_^_gb_f baf_j_gbc ih^\b`ghc rZjbdh\hc dhglZdl
^he`_g [ulv mklZgh\e_g lZdbf h[jZahf, qlh[u h[_ki_qblv jZkklhygb_
f_`^m baf_jbl_evgufb dhglZdlZfb jZ\guf bgl_j\Zem baf_jy_fhc
j_av[u, Z bg^bdZlhj djm]h\hc rdZeu ke_^m_l mklZgh\blv gZ gmev ijb
ijbeh`_gbb ijb[hjZ d klZg^Zjlghfm rZ[ehgm. ?keb ijb[hj g_
ihdZau\Z_l gmev, ke_^m_l hkeZ[blv aZ`bfghc \bgl gZ juqZ]_ b
API SPEC 7:1997
113
hlj_]mebjh\Zlv ijb[hj k ihfhsvx j_]mebjh\hqgh]h \bglZ, ihke_ q_]h
aZlygmlv aZ`bfghc \bgl. Wlm j_]mebjh\dm ke_^m_l ih\lhjylv, ihdZ
ijb[hj g_ ihdZ`_l gmev ijb gZeh`_gbb gZ rZ[ehg \ khhl\_lkl\bb k
f_lh^bdhc, hibkZgghc \ G.4.5.
G.4.5 F_lh^bdZ
RZjbdh\u_ dhglZdlu ^he`gu [ulv ihf_s_gu \ khhl\_lkl\mxsb_
dZgZ\db j_av[u b ijb[hj ke_^m_l ih\hjZqb\Zlv \hdjm] nbdkbjh\Zggh]h
rZjbdh\h]h dhglZdlZ ih g_[hevrhc ^m]_ ih h[_ klhjhgu aZ^Zgghc
ebgbb baf_j_gbc. FbgbfZevgh [ukljh_ beb fZdkbfZevgh f_^e_ggh_
kqblu\Zgb_ [m^_l hij_^_eylv hrb[dm \ rZ]_ j_av[u.
Jbk. G-2. Baf_j_gb_ dhgmkghklb
\gmlj_gg_c j_av[u
Jbk. G-3. Baf_j_gb_ rZ]Z
gZjm`ghc j_av[u
Jbk. G-4. Baf_j_gb_ rZ]Z
\gmlj_gg_c j_av[u
Jbk. G-5. KlZg^Zjlguc rZ[ehg
rZ]Z
API SPEC 7:1997
114
IJBEH@?GB? I
MKL:J?<RB? ;MJBEVGU? A:FDB
LZ[ebpZ I-1. MklZj_\rb_ [mjbevgu_ aZfdb k dhgmkgufb aZie_qbdZfb b
ijyfhm]hevgufb aZie_qbdZfb
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
;mjbevguc aZfhd AZie_qbd
Dhgmkgu
_
Ijyfhm]hevgu_
H[hagZq_gb_
[mjbevgh]h
aZfdZ
Z
JZaf_j b
lbi
[mjbev-
ghc
ljm[u
Ghfb-
gZevgZy
fZkkZ
[mjbev-
ghc
ljm[u
b
,
nmgl/
nml
GZjm`-
guc
^bZf_lj
gbii_ey
b fmnlu
aZfdZ,

1
/
32
<gmlj_g
gbc
^bZf_lj
gbii_ey
b fmnlu
aZfdZ
k
,
+
1
/
64
-
1
/
32
>bZf_lj
gbii_ey
gZ \ukZ^d_
we_\ZlhjZ,
fZdkbfZev
guc
>bZf_lj
nZkdb
aZie_qbd
Z
gbii_ey
b fmnlu,

1
/
64
H[sZy
^ebgZ
gbii_ey
[mjbevg
h]h
aZfdZ,
+
1
/
4
-
3
/
8
<ukhlZ
f_klZ
^ey
mklZgh\-
db
dexqZ gZ
gbii_e_,

1
/
4
<ukhlZ
f_klZ
^ey
mklZgh-
\db
dexqZ
gZ
fmn_,

1
/
4
Dhf[b-
gbjh-
\ZggZy
^ebgZ
gbii_ey
b
fmnlu,

1
/
2
>bZf_lj
fmnlu
gZ
\ukZ^d_
we_\Z-
lhjZ,
fZdkb-
fZevguc
>bZf_lj
fmnlu
gZ
\ukZ^d_
we_\Z-
lhjZ,
fZdkb-
fZevguc
JZ^bmk
r_cdb
we_\Z-
lhjZ,

1
/
64
D d D
PE
D
F
L
P
L
PB
L
B
L D
TE
D
SE
R
SE
MklZj_\rb_ kh_^bg_gby (Iha^g__ [m^ml m^Ze_gu ba klZg^ZjlZ), Rbjhdhijhoh^ghc lbi (FH)
3
1
/
2
FH
_
3
1
/
2
IU 13.30 4
5
/
8
2
1
/
8
3
11
/
16
4
31
/
64
lO
3
/
4
7 9
1
/
2
16
1
/
2
3
11
/
16
3
5
/
8
3
/
16
3
1
/
2
FH
_
3
1
/
2
IU 15.50 4
5
/
8
2
1
/
8
3
11
/
16
4
31
/
64
10
3
/
4
7 9
1
/
2
16
1
/
2
3
11
/
16
3
5
/
8
3
/
16
4 FH (NC40) 4 IU 14.00 5
1
/
4
2
13
/
16
4
3
/
16
5
1
/
64
11
1
/
2
7 10 17 4
3
/
16
4
1
/
8
1
/
4
4
1
/
2
FH 4
1
/
2
IU 16.60 5
3
/
4
3 4
11
/
16
5
17
/
32
11 7 10 17 4
11
/
16
4
5
/
8
1
/
4
4
1
/
2
FH 4
1
/
2
IEU 20.00 5
3
/
4
3 4
11
/
16
5
17
/
32
11 7 10 17 4
11
/
16
4
5
/
8
1
/
4
5
1
/
2
FH
f
5
1
/
2
IEU 21.90 7 4 5
11
/
16
6
23
/
32
13 8 10 18 5
11
/
16
5
11
/
16
1
/
4
5
1
/
2
FH
f
5
1
/
2
IEU 24.70 7 4 5
11
/
16
6
23
/
32
13 8 10 18 5
11
/
16
5
11
/
16
1
/
4
JZ\ghijhoh^ghc lbi (IF)
2
3
/
8
IF (NC26) 2
3
/
8
EU 6.65 3
3
/
8
1
3
/
4
2
9
/
16
3
17
/
64
9 6 7 13 2
9
/
16

2
7
/
8
IF (NC31) 2
7
/
8
EU 10.40 4
1
/
8
2
1
/
8
3
3
/
16
3
61
/
64
9
1
/
2
6 8 14 3
3
/
16
3
3
/
16
3
/
16
3
1
/
2
IF (NC38) 3
1
/
2
EU 13.30 4
3
/
4
2
11
/
16
3
7
/
8
4
37
/
64
11 7 9
1
/
2
16
1
/
2
3
7
/
8
3
7
/
8
3
/
16
3
1
/
2
IF (NC38) 3
1
/
2
EU 15.50 5 2
11
/
16
3
7
/
8
4
37
/
64
11 7 9
1
/
2
16
1
/
2
3
7
/
8
3
7
/
8
3
/
16
4 IF (NC46) 4 EU 14.00 5
3
/
4
3
1
/
4
4
1
/
2
5
17
/
32
11
1
/
2
7 10 17 4
1
/
2
4
1
/
2
1
/
4
4
1
/
2
IF (NC50) 4
1
/
2
EU 16.60 Std 6
1
/
8
3
3
/
4
5 6
1
/
16
(5
59
/
64
)
11
1
/
2
7 10 17 5 5
1
/
4
4
1
/
2
IF (NC50) 4
1
/
2
EU 16.60 Opt 6
1
/
4
3
3
/
4
5 6
1
/
16
(5
59
/
64
)
11
1
/
2
7 10 17 5 5
1
/
4
4
1
/
2
IF (NC50)
d
5 IEU 19.50 Std 6
3
/
8
3
3
/
4
5
1
/
8
6
1
/
16
(5
59
/
64
)
11
1
/
2
7 10 17 5
1
/
8
5
1
/
8
1
/
4
4
1
/
2
IF (NC50)
d
5 IEU 19.50 Opt 6
1
/
2
3
1
/
2
5
1
/
8
6
1
/
16
(5
59
/
64
)
11
1
/
2
7 10 17 5
1
/
8
5
1
/
8
1
/
4
IJBF?Q:GBY:
1. Kf. jbk. 6.
2. <k_ jZaf_ju \ ^xcfZo. Ih \hijhkm f_ljbq_kdbo lZ[ebp kf. ijbeh`_gb_ F.
3. >bZf_lju r_cdb (D
PE
, D
TE
b D
SE
) b \gmlj_ggb_ ^bZf_lju [mjbevguo aZfdh\ (d) i_j_^ k\Zjdhc hij_^_eyxlky ba]hlh\bl_e_f. < lZ[ebp_ \ur_
ijb\_^_gu dhg_qgu_ jZaf_ju ihke_ hdhgqZl_evghc f_oZgbq_kdhc h[jZ[hldb maeZ.
4. Ih jZaf_jZf gmf_jh\Zgguo kh_^bg_gbc (NC) kf. lZ[e. 7.
5. >bZf_lj nZkdb, mdZaZgguc \ kdh[dZo, mklZgZ\eb\Zeky ba]hlh\bl_e_f ^h bxgy 1986, dh]^Z [ueh ijbgylh klZg^Zjlgh_ agZq_gb_ 6
1
/
16
.
IJ?>HKL?J?@?GB? IHEVAH<:L?EYF. < j_amevlZl_ lZdh]h \u[hjZ, j_dhf_g^m_lky m^hklh\_jblvky, qlh jZaf_ju khijy]Z_fuo kh_^bg_gbc
NC50 bf_xl h^bgZdh\uc ^bZf_lj nZkdb.
Z
H[hagZq_gb_ [mjbevgh]h aZfdZ (dhehgdZ 1) mdZau\Z_l jZaf_j b lbi ijbf_gy_fh]h kh_^bg_gby. Lh, qlh \dexq_gh \ kdh[db, g_ y\ey_lky qZklvx
h[hagZq_gby jZaf_jZ ^ey gmf_jh\Zggh]h lbiZ kh_^bg_gbc. Wlh ihdZau\Z_l \aZbfhaZf_gy_fhklv wlbo [mjbevguo aZfdh\ ijb ijb\Zjd_ d [mjbevghc
ljm[_, bf_xs_c lZdhc `_ jZaf_j, lbi b fZkkm. Kf. Ki_pbZevgh_ ijbf_qZgb_ d lZ[e. J-1.
b
GhfbgZevgu_ fZkku, j_av[u b fmnlu (dhehgdZ 3) mdZaZgu ^ey p_e_c h[hagZq_gby \ aZdZa_.
k
JZaf_ju hl\_jklbc (dhehgdZ 5) g_ ijbf_gyxlky d hl\_jklbyf fmnl [mjbevguo aZfdh\ lbiZ REG, ^bZf_lj dhlhjuo hij_^_ey_lky ba]hlh\bl_e_f.
d
Kh_^bg_gb_ NC50 (4
1
/
2
IF) k gZjm`guf ^bZf_ljhf 6
3
/
8
b 6
1
/
2
^xcfZ ijbf_gy_lky \ 5-^xcfh\uo [mjbevguo ljm[Zo IEU ^ey h[jZah\Zgby
dhgkljmdpbc, ba\_klguo dZd 5-^xcfh\uc aZfhd kh k\_joijhoh^guf hl\_jklb_f b 5-^xcfh\uc aZfhd k ihemijhoh^guf hl\_jklb_f.
_
<gmlj_ggbc ^bZf_lj (dhehgdZ 5) rbjhdhijhoh^gh]h (FH) [mjbevgh]h aZfdZ 3
1
/
2
[ue baf_g_g hl 2
7
/
16
gZ 2
1
/
8
^xcfZ \ ijbeh`_gbb G \ fZ_ 1979, \
ljb^pZlv lj_lv_f ba^Zgbb l_ogbq_kdbo mkeh\bc 7.
f
< 1979 rbjhdhijhoh^gu_ (FH) [mjbevgu_ aZfdb 5
1
/
2
[ueb aZgh\h mklZgh\e_gu \ \b^_ ihegh]h klZg^ZjlZ \ lZ[e. 7. < i_j\mx hq_j_^v a^_kv [ueb
khojZg_gu jZaf_ju, lZd qlh ijbeh`_gb_ I ijh^he`Z_l hklZ\Zlvky _^bgkl\_gghc kkuedhc gZ jZaf_ju ijyfhm]hevguo aZie_qbdh\ (Kf. jbk. 6).
API SPEC 7:1997
115
IJBEH@?GB? 1
MKL:J?<RB? JHLHJGU? KH?>BG?GBY K
A:IE?QBD:FB
LZ[ebpZ 1-1. JZaf_ju ba^_ebc k mklZj_\rbfb jhlhjgufb
kh_^bg_gbyfb k aZie_qbdZfb
l 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Ghf_j beb
jZaf_j
kh_^bg_gby
NhjfZ
j_av[u
Qbkeh
\bldh\
gZ ^xcf
Dhgmkghklv,
^xcfh\ gZ
nml gZ
^bZf_lj
Kj_^gbc
^bZf_lj
j_av[u \
lhqd_
baf_j_gby
GZjm`gbc
^bZf_lj
gbii_ey
>bZf_lj
eukdb gZ
gbii_e_
Z
,

1
/
64
<gmlj_ggb
c ^bZf_lj
gbii_ey
>ebgZ
gbii_ey,
+0 -
1
/
8
Fbgb-
fZevgZy
^ebgZ
j_av[u
fmnlu
k
=em[bgZ
fmnlu
k
,
+
3
/
8
-0
JZaa_g-
dh\dZ
fmnlu,
+
1
/
32
-
1
/
64
K D
L
D
LF
D
S
L
PC
L
BT
L
BC
Q
K
MklZj_\rb_ jZaf_ju ba^_ebc, Rbjhdhijhoh^ghc (FH) lbi
3
1
/
2
FH V-0.040 5 3 3.73400 3.994 3.056 3
3
/
4
3
7
/
8
4
3
/
8
4
3
/
64
4 FH
Z
V-0.065 4 2 4.07200 4.280 4.156 3.530 4
1
/
2
4
5
/
8
5
1
/
8
4
11
/
32
4
1
/
2
FH V-0.040 5 3 4.53200 4.792 3.792 4 4
1
/
8
4
5
/
8
4
7
/
8
JZ\ghijhoh^ghc (IF) lbi
2
3
/
8
IF
Z
V-0.065 4 2 2.66800 2.876 2.750 2.376 3 3
1
/
8
3
5
/
8
2
15
/
16
2
7
/
8
IF
Z
V-0.065 4 2 3.18300 3.391 3.266 2.808 3
1
/
2
3
5
/
8
4
1
/
8
3
29
/
64
3
1
/
2
IF
Z
V-0.065 4 2 3.80800 4.016 3.891 3.349 4 4
1
/
8
4
5
/
8
4
5
/
64
4 IF
Z
V-0.065 4 2 4.62600 4.834 4.709 4.084 4
1
/
2
4
5
/
8
5
1
/
8
4
29
/
32
4
1
/
2
IF
Z
V-0.065 4 2 5.04170 5.250 5.135 4.500 4
1
/
2
4
5
/
8
5
1
/
8
5
5
/
16
5
1
/
2
IF V-0.065 4 2 6.18900 6.397 5.564 5 5
1
/
8
5
1
/
8
6
29
/
64
IJBF?Q:GBY:
1. Ih \hijhkm jZaf_jh\ gmf_jh\Zgguo kh_^bg_gbc (NC) kf. lZ[e. 25.
2. Kf jbk. 20.
3. <k_ jZaf_ju \ ^xcfZo. F_ljbq_kdb_ lZ[ebpu \ ijbeh`_gbb F.
a
Kh_^bg_gby gmf_jh\Zggh]h lbiZ (NC) \aZbfhaZf_gy_fu k kh_^bg_gbyfb, bf_xsbfb lZdhc `_ ^bZf_lj kj_^g_c hdjm`ghklb rbjhdhijhoh^gh]h
(FH) b jZ\ghijhoh^gh]h (IF) lbih\. Kf. 10.3.
b
JZaf_j D
LF
b jZ^bmk 0,062 ^xcfZ \ hkgh\Zgbb gbii_ey(Kf. jbk. 20) y\eyxlky klZg^Zjlgufb ^ey mly`_e_gguo [mjbevguo ljm[ b ijhba\hevgufb
^ey ba]hlh\bl_e_c ^jm]bo we_f_glh\ [mjbevguo dhehgg.
c
L
BT
y\ey_lky ^ebghc j_av[u \ fmnlu ijb baf_j_gbb hl k\bg]_ggh]h aZie_qbdZ ^h i_j_k_q_gby g_ gZoh^ys_cky ih^ ^Z\e_gb_f [hdh\hc klhjhgu
ijhnbey j_av[u k \_jrbghc ihke_^g_]h ihegh]h \bldZ j_av[u.
Ki_pbZevgu_ IJBF?Q:GBY:
GZ kh\_sZgbb \ 1964 ]h^m Dhfbl_lZ API ih [mjh\hfm b
\kihfh]Zl_evghfm h[hjm^h\Zgbx [ueZ ijbgylZ gh\Zy k_jby jhlhjguo
kh_^bg_gbc k aZie_qbdZfb (\ dZq_kl\_ wdki_jbf_glZevghc) k p_evx
memqr_gby wdkiemZlZpbhgguo oZjZdl_jbklbd [mjbevguo ljm[ b
[mjbevguo aZfdh\. GZ kh\_sZgbb Dhfbl_lZ \ 1968 ]h^m 11 ba 13
jZaf_jh\ aZfdh\ gh\h]h lbiZ [ueb ijbgylu \ dZq_kl\_ klZg^Zjlguo.
API SPEC 7:1997
116
< wlhf gh\hf lbi_ kh_^bg_gbc h[hagZq_gb_ jZaf_jZ \ \b^_ ^\mo
pbnj mdZau\Z_l ^bZf_lj kj_^g_c hdjm`ghklb gbii_ey \ lhqd_
baf_j_gby; wlhl lbi ihemqbe gZa\Zgb_ gmf_jh\Zggh]h lbiZ, beb
gmf_jh\Zgguo kh_^bg_gbc. Gmf_jh\Zggu_ kh_^bg_gby bkihevamxl V-
h[jZagmx nhjfm j_av[u kh kj_aZgghc \_jrbghc 0.065 ^xcfZ b
aZdjm]e_gghc \iZ^bghc 0.038 ^xcfZ. LZdZy nhjfZ h[hagZqZ_lky dZd V-
0.038R. WlZ nhjfZ V-0.038R khijy]Z_lky k nhjfhc V-0.065,
bkihevam_fhc \h \k_o jZ\ghijhoh^guo (IF) kh_^bg_gbyo API b \ 4-
^xcfh\uo rbjhdhijhoh^guo (4 FH) kh_^bg_gbyo. <k_ kh_^bg_gby API
lbih\ IF b FH \ gZklhys__ \j_fy kqblZxlky mklZj_\rbfb b
jZkkfZljb\Zxlky \ Ijbeh`_gbyo I, J, K ^Zgguo l_ogbq_kdbo mkeh\bc.
Ba wlbo gh\uo gmf_jh\Zgguo kh_^bg_gbc iylv jZaf_jh\ bf_xl
h^bgZdh\u_ ^bZf_lj kj_^g_c hdjm`ghklb, dhgmkghklv, rZ], b ^ebgm
j_av[u, dZd khhl\_lkl\mxsb_ jZaf_ju lbiZ IF, b h^bg khhl\_lkl\m_l
kh_^bg_gbx 4FH. Djhf_ lh]h, wlb r_klv kh_^bg_gbc gmf_jh\Zggh]h
lbiZ fh]ml [ulv ijh\_j_gu ih lhc `_ f_lh^bd_ baf_j_gby b k
ijbf_g_gb_f l_o `_ dZeb[jh\, dhlhju_ lj_[mxlky ^ey wd\b\Ze_glguo
kh_^bg_gbc. Kf. 10.3.
API SPEC 7:1997
117
IJBEH@?GB? K
MKL:J?<RB? JHLHJGU? KH?>BG?GBY K
A:IE?QBD:FB
LZ[ebpZ D-1. JZaf_ju dZeb[jh\ ^ey mklZj_\rbo jhlhjguo
kh_^bg_gbc k aZie_qbdZfb
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
JZaf_j
NhjfZ
j_av[u
Qbkeh
\bldh\
gZ
^xcf
Dhgmk-
ghklv,
^xcf/
nml gZ
^bZf_lj
Kj_^gbc
^bZf_lj
\ lhqd_
baf_j_-
gby
0.625
Z
GZjm`-
guc
^bZf_lj
\ lhqd_
baf_j_g
by 0.625
Z
<gmlj_g-
gbc
^bZf_lj \
lhqd_
baf_j_gby
0.625
Z
Kj_^gbc
^bZf_lj
\ lhqd_
baf_j_-
gby
1.375
Z
H[sZy
^ebgZ
dZeb[-
jZ
ijh[-
>bZf_lj
ih^]hgqghc
ieZklbgu
^ey dZeb[jZ
- ijh[db
H[sZy
^ebgZ
dhevp_-
\h]h
dZeb[jZ
GZjm`-
guc
^bZf_lj
dhevp_-
\h]h
dZeb[jZ
>bZ-
f_lj
jZa-
a_g-
dh\db
GZly]
ijb
khijy-
`_gbb
L
p
L
R
D
R
Q S
MklZj_\rb_ jZaf_ju dZeb[jh\, Rbjhdhijhoh^ghc (FH) lbi dZeb[jh\
3
1
/
2
FH V-0.040 5 3 3.73400 3.82738 3.64062 3.54650 3
3
/
4
3.499 3
1
/
8
5
1
/
2
3.900 0.625
4 FH (NC40) V-0.065 4 2 4.07200 4.16568 3.97832 3.94700 4
1
/
2
3.773 3
7
/
8
5
7
/
8
4.239 0.625
4
1
/
2
FH V-0.040 5 3 4.53200 4.62538 4.43862 4.34450 4 4.297 3
3
/
8
6
1
/
2
4.698 0.625
JZ\ghijhoh^ghc (IF) lbi dZeb[jh\
2
3
/
8
IF (NC26) V-0.065 4 2 2.66800 2.76168 2.57432 2.54300 3 2.369 2
3
/
8
4
3
/
l6
2.834 0.625
2
7
/
8
IF (NC31) V-0.065 4 2 3.18300 3.27668 3.08932 3.05800 3
1
/
2
2.884 2
7
/
8
5
1
/
8
3.349 0.625
3
1
/
2
IF (NC38) V-0.065 4 2 3.80800 3.90168 3.71432 3.68300 4 3.509 3
3
/
8
5
3
/
8
3.974 0.625
4 IF (NC46) V-0.065 4 2 4.62600 4.71968 4.53232 4.50100 4
1
/
2
4.327 3
7
/
8
6
1
/
2
4.792 0.625
4
1
/
2
IF (NC50) V-0.065 4 2 5.04170 5.13538 4.94802 4.91670 4
1
/
2
4.743 3
7
/
8
7
1
/
8
5.208 0.625
5
1
/
2
IF V-0.065 4 2 6.18900 6.28268 6.09532 6.06400 5 5.890 4
3
/
8
8
3
/
8
6.355 0.625
IJBF?Q:GBY:
1. Ih jZaf_jZf gmf_jh\Zgguo kh_^bg_gbc (NC) kf. lZ[e. 27.
2. DZeb[ju l_ `_ kZfu_ ^ey gmf_jh\Zgguo kh_^bg_gbc (NC) b mklZj_\rbo kh_^bg_gbc, dh]^Z hgb ihdZaZgu gZ h^ghc kljhd_.
3. Ih l_ogbq_kdbf mkeh\byf gZ dZeb[ju kf. jZa^_e 12.
4. Kf. jbk. 24.
5. <k_ jZaf_ju \ ^xcfZo ijb 68F. Ih \hijhkm f_ljbq_kdbo lZ[e. kf. ijbeh`_gb_ F.
Z
<_ebqbgu \ dhehgdZo 5 b 6 ijbf_gyxlky lhevdh d dZeb[jZf-ijh[dZf. <_ebqbgu \ dhehgdZo 7 b 8 ijbf_gyxlky lhevdh d dhevp_\uf dZeb[jZf.
API SPEC 7:1997
118
IJBEH@?GB? L
IJBF?G?GB? FHGH=J:FF API
L.1 H[sb_ iheh`_gby
Baeh`_ggu_ gb`_ lj_[h\Zgby ih fZjdbjh\d_ ijbf_gyxlky d
bf_xsbf ebp_gabx ba]hlh\bl_eyf, bkihevamxsbf fhgh]jZffu API gZ
ba^_ebyo, hlghkysboky d ^Zgguf l_ogbq_kdbf mkeh\byf. < ^hiheg_gb_
d mklZgh\e_gguf lj_[h\Zgbyf ih fZjdbjh\d_ gZ ba^_ebyo beb miZdh\d_
ba^_ebc, ^he`gu [ulv lZd`_ gZg_k_gu fZjdbjh\db k ^Zlhc
ba]hlh\e_gby (f_kyp b ]h^), ghf_jhf ebp_gabb API, ijbgZ^e_`Zs_c
ba]hlh\bl_ex. Ghf_j ebp_gabb ^he`_g jZkiheZ]Zlvky jy^hf k
fhgh]jZffhc API. JZkiheh`_gb_ ^Zlu ba]hlh\e_gby hklZ\ey_lky gZ
\u[hj ba]hlh\bl_ey.
L.2 FZjdbjh\dZ aZ^\b`_d \_^msbo [mjbevguo ljm[
AZ^\b`db \_^msbo [mjbevguo ljm[, ba]hlh\e_ggu_ \ khhl\_lkl\bb
k gZklhysbfb l_ogbq_kdbfb mkeh\byfb, ^he`gu [ulv fZjdbjh\Zgu
rlZfih\dhc k bkihevah\Zgb_f de_cf ba klZeb, kha^Zxsbo gbadb_
gZijy`_gby, k mdZaZgb_f ke_^mxsbo ^Zgguo:
Z. Bfy beb fZjdZ ba]hlh\bl_ey, fhgh]jZffZ API, ^ZlZ
ba]hlh\e_gby, k_jbcguc ghf_j, fZdkbfZevgh_ ghfbgZevgh_
jZ[hq__ ^Z\e_gb_, ^himklbfh_ gZ nj_a_jh\Zgghc \ulhqd_.
b. JZaf_j b lbi kh_^bg_gby, ijbkh_^bgy_fh]h d ih\_joghklb
gZjm`gh]h ^bZf_ljZ, jy^hf k kh_^bg_gb_f.
k. MdZaZgb_ gZijZ\e_gby \jZs_gby, lj_[m_fh]h ^ey
jZkiheh`_gby aZ^\b`db \ aZdjulhf iheh`_gbb, gZ ih\_joghklb
gZjm`gh]h ^bZf_ljZ, jy^hf k ijb\h^guf f_oZgbafhf aZ^\b`db.
L.3 FZjdbjh\dZ \_^msbo [mjbevguo ljm[
GZ \_^msbo [mjbevguo ljm[Zo, ba]hlh\e_gguo \ khhl\_lkl\bb k
API SPEC 7:1997
119
gZklhysbfb l_ogbq_kdbfb mkeh\byfb, ^he`gh [ulv gZg_k_gh rlZfihf
de_cfh, jZkiheh`_ggh_ gZ \_jog_f \ukZ`_gghf dhgp_ (\ukZ^d_),
kh^_j`Zs__ bfy beb fZjdm ba]hlh\bl_ey, fhgh]jZffm API, ^Zlm
ba]hlh\e_gby, Z lZd`_ jZaf_j b lbi kh_^bg_gby. De_cfh gZ gb`g_f
gbii_evghf kh_^bg_gbb ^he`gh kh^_j`Zlv ke_^mxs__:
Z. Gmf_jh\Zggu_ kh_^bg_gby (NC), b kh_^bg_gby lbiZ IF, _keb
hgb ba]hlh\e_gu k nhjfhc j_av[u V-0.038R, ^he`gu bf_lv de_cfh
k h[hagZq_gb_f dZd NC, lZd b IF.
b. Kh_^bg_gby lbiZ IF, _keb hgb ba]hlh\e_gu k nhjfhc j_av[u
V-0.065, b kh_^bg_gby 5
1
/
2
FH, ^he`gu bf_lv de_cfh lhevdh k
wlbfb h[hagZq_gbyfb.
>Ze__ ijb\_^_gu ijbf_ju:
<_^msZy [mjbevgZy ljm[Z d\Z^jZlgh]h k_q_gby 4
1
/
4
k e_\uf
\_jogbf fmnlh\uf kh_^bg_gb_f 6
5
/
8
REG, b gb`gbf gbii_evguf
kh_^bg_gb_f 4
1
/
2
IF ijZ\uf, ^he`gZ [ulv fZjdbjh\ZgZ ke_^mxsbf
h[jZahf:
GZ \_jog_c \ukZ^d_:
: < Kh (beb fZjdZ) F_kyp-=h^
6
5
/
8
REG LH
GZ gb`g_f gbii_evghf kh_^bg_gbb:
4
1
/
2
IF (_keb ba]hlh\e_gh k nhjfhc j_av[u V-0.065)
NK50 (4
1
/
2
IF) (_keb ba]hlh\e_gh k nhjfhc j_av[u V-0.038R)
L.4 FZjdbjh\dZ [mjbevguo aZfdh\
GZ [mjbevgu_ aZfdb, ba]hlh\e_ggu_ \ khhl\_lkl\bb k gZklhysbfb
l_ogbq_kdbfb mkeh\byfb, ^he`gh [ulv gZg_k_gh de_cfh rlZfihf
\hdjm] gZjm`gh]h ^bZf_ljZ, \dexqZxs__ bfy beb fZjdm ba]hlh\bl_ey,
fhgh]jZffm API, ^Zlm ba]hlh\e_gby, jZaf_j b lbi kh_^bg_gby (jZaf_j b
lbi [mjbevgh]h aZfdZ). <aZbfhaZf_gy_fu_ gmf_jh\Zggu_ kh_^bg_gby
(NC), mdZaZggu_ \ dhehgd_ 1 lZ[e. 7, b khhl\_lkl\mxsb_ kh_^bg_gby
API SPEC 7:1997
120
jZaf_jh\ IF b FH (mdZaZggu_ \ kdh[dZo), _keb hgb \uiheg_gu k nhjfhc
j_av[u V-0.038R, ^he`gu bf_lv rlZfih\Zggh_ de_cfh k ^\hcguf
h[hagZq_gb_f, dZd ihdZaZgh. GZ \k_ ^jm]b_ kh_^bg_gby ^he`gu
gZghkblvky rlZfihf de_cfZ, kh^_j`Zsb_ ijbf_gy_fu_ _^bgbqgu_
h[hagZq_gby, kh]eZkgh mdZaZgbyf dhehgdb 1 ^ey [mjbevguo aZfdh\
lbih\ NC, FH b IF.
Gb`_ ijb\_^_gu ijbf_ju:
Z. ;mjbevguc aZfhd NK38, \aZbfhaZf_gy_fuc k kh_^bg_gb_f
3
1
/
2
IF, ^he`_g bf_lv de_cfh:
: < Kh (beb fZjdZ) F_kyp-=h^ NC38(3
1
/
2
IF)
b. ;mjbevguc aZfhd 3
1
/
2
IF, \aZbfhaZf_gy_fuc k [mjbevguf
aZfdhf NC38, _keb hg \uiheg_g k nhjfhc j_av[u V-0.038R,
^he`_g bf_lv lZdh_ `_ de_cfh, dZd \ imgdl_ Z.
k. ;mjbevguc aZfhd 3
1
/
2
IF, \uiheg_gguc k nhjfhc j_av[u V-
0.065, ^he`_g bf_lv de_cfh:
: < Kh (beb fZjdZ) F_kyp-=h^ 3
1
/
2
IF
d. >ZlZ, hlghkysZyky d [mjbevghc ljm[_, ^he`gZ [ulv gZg_k_gZ
ih ljZnZj_lm m hkgh\Zgby gbii_ey ba]hlh\bl_e_f [mjbevguo
aZfdh\ k p_evx b^_glbnbdZpbb dhfihg_glh\ [mjbevguo dhehgg.
L.5 FZjdbjh\dZ i_j_\h^gbdh\
I_j_\h^gbdb, ba]hlh\e_ggu_ \ khhl\_lkl\bb k gZklhysbfb
l_ogbq_kdbfb mkeh\byfb, ^he`gu [ulv fZjdbjh\Zgu k mdZaZgb_f bf_gb
beb fZjdb ba]hlh\bl_ey, fhgh]jZffu API, ^Zlu ba]hlh\e_gby,
\gmlj_gg_]h ^bZf_ljZ b jZaf_jZ, b lbiZ kh_^bg_gby gZ dZ`^hf dhgp_.
FZjdbjh\db ^he`gu [ulv \uiheg_gu rlZfihf \ ki_pbZevghc \ulhqd_
gZ ^bZf_lj_ D i_j_\h^gbdZ. FZjdbjh\dZ, mdZau\ZxsZy jZaf_j b lbi
kh_^bg_gby, ^he`gZ [ulv ihf_s_gZ gZ lhf dhgp_ \ulhqdb, dhlhjuc
gZoh^blky [eb`_ d kh_^bg_gbx, d dhlhjhfm hgh hlghkblky.
Gb`_ ijb\_^_gu ijbf_ju:
API SPEC 7:1997
121
Z. I_j_\h^gbd k kh_^bg_gb_f fmnlh\h]h lbiZ 4
1
/
2
REG LH k
dZ`^hc klhjhgu b k \gmlj_ggbf ^bZf_ljhf 2
1
/
4
^xcfZ ^he`_g
[ulv fZjdbjh\Zg ke_^mxsbf h[jZahf:
: < Kh (beb fZjdZ) F_kyp-=h^
4
1
/
2
REG LG 2
1
/
4
4
1
/
2
REG LH
b. I_j_\h^gbd k gbii_evguf kh_^bg_gb_f NC31 k h^ghc klhjhgu
b fmnlh\uf kh_^bg_gb_f NC46 k ^jm]hc klhjhgu, ^he`_g [ulv
fZjdbjh\Zg ke_^mxsbf h[jZahf:
: B Kh (beb fZjdZ) F_kyp-=h^
NC31 2 NC46
L.6 FZjdbjh\dZ mly`_e_gguo [mjbevguo ljm[
L.6.1 KlZg^Zjlgu_ klZevgu_ mly`_e_ggu_ [mjbevgu_ ljm[u,
khhl\_lkl\mxsb_ ^Zgguf l_ogbq_kdbf mkeh\byf, ^he`gu bf_lv de_cfh
rlZfihf gZ gZjm`ghf ^bZf_lj_ ljm[u, kh^_j`Zs__ bfy beb fZjdm
ba]hlh\bl_ey, fhgh]jZffm API, gZjm`guc ^bZf_lj, hl\_jklb_,
h[hagZq_gb_ kh_^bg_gby. Kh_^bg_gby lbiZ NC b jZaf_ju FH b IF \
kdh[dZo \ dhehgd_ 1 lZ[e. 13 y\eyxlky b^_glbqgufb, _keb hgb
ba]hlh\e_gu k nhjfhc j_av[u V-0.038R. Wlb lj_[h\Zgby d fZjdbjh\d_
ijhbeexkljbjh\Zgu ke_^mxsbfb ijbf_jZfb:
Z. Mly`_e_ggZy [mjbevgZy ljm[Z 6
1
/
4
^xcfZ k hl\_jklb_f 2
13
/
16
^xcfZ b kh_^bg_gbyfb NC46 ^he`gZ bf_lv ke_^mxs__ de_cfh:
: < Kh (beb fZjdZ) F_kyp-=h^
NC46-62 (4 IF) 2
13
/
16
L_ `_ kZfu_ fZjdbjh\db ijbf_gyxlky d mly`_e_gguf [mjbevguf
ljm[Zf k l_fb `_ jZaf_jZfb, gh aZdZaZggufb k kh_^bg_gbyfb 4 IF, _keb
kh_^bg_gby \uiheg_gu k nhjfhc j_av[u V-0.038R.
b. Mly`_e_ggZy [mjbevgZy ljm[Z 8
1
/
4
^xcfZ k hl\_jklb_f 2
13
/
16
^xcfZ b kh_^bg_gbyfb 6
5
/
8
REG ^he`gZ bf_lv ke_^mxs__ de_cfh:
API SPEC 7:1997
122
: < Kh (beb fZjdZ) F_kyp-=h^
8
1
/
4
2
13
/
16
6
5
/
8
REG
L.6.2 G_fZ]gblgu_ mly`_e_ggu_ [mjbevgu_ ljm[u, khhl\_lkl\mxsb_
gZklhysbf l_ogbq_kdbf mkeh\byf, ^he`gu bf_lv de_cfh rlZfihf k
mdZaZgb_f bf_gb beb fZjdb ba]hlh\bl_ey, fhgh]jZffu API,
h[hagZq_gby g_fZ]gblghklb, k_jbcgh]h ghf_jZ ba]hlh\bl_ey, gZjm`gh]h
^bZf_ljZ, hl\_jklby. GZ ijb\_^_gguo gb`_ ijbf_jZo
ijhbeexkljbjh\Zgu wlb lj_[h\Zgby d fZjdbjh\d_. JZkiheh`_gb_
fZjdbjh\hd b ijbf_g_gb_ ^hihegbl_evguo fZjdbjh\hd hij_^_ey_lky
ba]hlh\bl_e_f.
Gb`_ ijb\_^_gu ijbf_ju:
Mly`_e_ggZy [mjbevgZy ljm[Z 8
1
/
4
^xcfZ k hl\_jklb_f 2
13
/
16
,
ba]hlh\e_ggZy DhfiZgb_c : <, ^he`gZ bf_lv ke_^mxs__ de_cfh:
: < Kh (beb fZjdZ) F_kyp-=h^
8
1
/
4
2
13
/
16
NMDC 6
5
/
8
REG
L.7 FZjdbjh\dZ ^hehl
L.7.1 FZjdbjh\dZ rZjhr_qgh]h ^hehlZ b ehiZklgh]h ^hehlZ
j_`ms_]h lbiZ
GZ ^hehl_ ^he`gh [ulv gZg_k_gh rlZfihf de_cfh k mdZaZgb_f
bf_gb beb fZjdb ba]hlh\bl_ey, jZaf_jZ ^hehlZ, fhgh]jZffu API, ^Zlu
ba]hlh\e_gby, Z lZd`_ jZaf_jZ b lbiZ kh_^bg_gby.
Gb`_ ijb\_^_g ijbf_j:
>hehlh 7
7
/
8
k ghjfZevguf jhlhjguf kh_^bg_gb_f 4
1
/
2
^xcfZ
^he`gh bf_lv ke_^mxs__ de_cfh:
: < Kh (beb fZjdZ) 7
7
/
8
F_kyp-=h^ 4
1
/
2
REG
API SPEC 7:1997
123
L.7.2 FZjdbjh\dZ ZefZaguo ^hehl ^ey kiehrgh]h b dhehgdh\h]h
[mj_gby b [mjbevguo ^hehl, bfij_]gbjh\Zgguo
ihebdjbklZeebq_kdbfb ZefZaZfb (PDC)
FZjdbjh\dZ ZefZaguo ^hehl ^ey kiehrgh]h b dhehgdh\h]h
[mj_gby, [mjbevguo ^hehl, bfij_]gbjh\Zgguo ihebdjbklZeebq_kdbfb
ZefZaZfb (PDC), ^he`gZ ijhba\h^blvky ke_^mxsbf h[jZahf:
Z. GZ ZefZagu_ ^hehlZ b ^hehlZ bfij_]gbjh\Zggu_
ihebdjbklZeebq_kdbfb ZefZaZfb(PDC), ^he`gh gZghkblvky de_cfh
k bf_g_f beb fZjdhc ba]hlh\bl_ey, fhgh]jZffhc API, ^Zlhc
ba]hlh\e_gby b jZaf_jhf b lbihf kh_^bg_gby.
Gb`_ ijb\_^_g ijbf_j:
>hehlh 7
1
/
2
k ghjfZevguf jhlhjguf kh_^bg_gb_f 4
1
/
2
^xcfZ
^he`gh bf_lv ke_^mxs__ de_cfh:
: < Kh (beb fZjdZ) 7
1
/
2
F_kyp-=h^ 4
1
/
2
REG
b. GZ dhehgdh\hf ZefZaghf [mjbevghf ^hehl_ ^he`gh [ulv
gZg_k_gh rlZfihf de_cfh k bf_g_f ba]hlh\bl_ey beb _]h fZjdhc,
fhgh]jZffhc API, ^Zlhc ba]hlh\e_gby, gZijbf_j:
: < Kh (beb fZjdZ) F_kyp-=h^
Ihkdhevdm wlh aZ\bkbl hl j_r_gby \eZ^_evpZ, kh_^bg_gb_ gZ
dhehgdh\hf ZefZaghf [mjbevghf ^hehl_ g_ mdZau\Z_lky. Fhgh]jZffZ
API ^he`gZ ihdZau\Zlv, qlh ^jm]b_ lj_[h\Zgby d jZaf_jZf
\uihegyxlky.
L.8 FZjdbjh\dZ jhlhjguo kh_^bg_gbc k aZie_qbdZfb
Jhlhjgu_ kh_^bg_gby k aZie_qbdZfb, dh]^Z hgb ijbf_gyxlky \
ba^_ebyo beb mkljhckl\Zo, g_ \oh^ysbo \ ^Zggu_ l_ogbq_kdb_ mkeh\by,
gh khhl\_lkl\mxl lj_[h\Zgbyf ^Zgguo l_ogbq_kdbo mkeh\bc ih
jZaf_jZf b ijh\_jd_, ^he`gu b^_glbnbpbjh\Zlvky de_cfhf,
gZg_k_gguf rlZfih\dhc beb ih ljZnZj_lm gZ ba^_eb_, jy^hf k
kh_^bg_gb_f, b kh^_j`Zs_f ke_^mxsb_ k\_^_gby:
API SPEC 7:1997
124
Z. Bfy beb fZjdZ ba]hlh\bl_ey.
b. Fhgh]jZffZ API b ghf_j ebp_gabb API ba]hlh\bl_ey, ijbq_f
[md\u THD ^he`gu [ulv g_ihkj_^kl\_ggh jy^hf k fhgh]jZffhc.
k. >ZlZ ba]hlh\e_gby.
d. JZaf_j b lbi kh_^bg_gby.
FZjdbjh\dZ kh_^bg_gby fh`_l [ulv ijbf_g_gZ d ba^_ebx, g_
jZkkfZljb\Z_fhfm \ ^Zgguo l_ogbq_kdbo mkeh\byo API, _keb
lj_[h\Zgby gZklhysbo l_ogbq_kdbo mkeh\bc ih j_av[_ b ijh\_jd_
\uihegyxlky.
GZijbf_j, kh_^bg_gb_ NC46 ^he`gh [ulv fZjdbjh\Zgh
ke_^mxsbf h[jZahf:
: < Kh (beb fZjdZ) THD F_kyp-=h^ NC46
GZebqb_ fhgh]jZffu gZ jhlhjguo kh_^bg_gbyo k aZie_qbdZfb \
khhl\_lkl\bb k ^Zgguf jZa^_ehf g_ y\ey_lky ]ZjZglb_c, qlh ba^_eb_
khhl\_lkl\m_l \k_f lj_[h\Zgbyf d fZl_jbZeZf, mklZgh\e_gguf \ ^Zgguo
l_ogbq_kdbo mkeh\byo.
API SPEC 7:1997
125
IJBEH@?GB? F
F?LJBQ?KDB? L:;EBPU
Gb`_ mdZaZgu dhwnnbpb_glu, ijbf_gy_fu_ ^ey ij_h[jZah\Zgby
ijbgyluo \ KR: _^bgbp baf_j_gby \ f_ljbq_kdmx kbkl_fm:
1 ^xcf (in.) 25,4 fbeebf_ljZ (ff) lhqgh
1 d\Z^jZlguc ^xcf
(sq. in.)
645,16 d\Z^jZlguo fbeebf_ljh\ (ff
2
) lhqgh
1 nml (It) 0,3048 f_ljZ (f) lhqgh
1 nmgl (lb) 0,454 dbeh]jZffZ (d])
1 nmgl gZ nml (lb/It) 1,4895 dbeh]jZffZ gZ f_lj (d]/f)
1 nmgl gZ
d\Z^jZlguc ^xcf
(psi)
0,00689476 gvxlhgZ gZ d\Z^jZlguc fbeebf_lj
(G/ff
2
) ^ey gZijy`_gbc
0,00689476 f_]ZiZkdZe_c (FIZ) ^ey ^Z\e_gbc
1 nml-nmgl (It-lb) 1,355818 >`hme_c (>`) ^ey wg_j]bb m^ZjZ
1,355818 gvxlhg-f_lj (Gf) ^ey djmlys_]h
fhf_glZ
Ke_^mxsZy nhjfmeZ ijbf_gy_lky ^ey ij_h[jZah\Zgby ]jZ^mkh\
NZj_g]_clZ (F) \ ]jZ^mku P_evkby (K).
K 5/9 (F - 32)
API SPEC 7:1997
126
F_ljbq_kdZy lZ[ebpZ 2. <_^msb_ [mjbevgu_ ljm[u d\Z^jZlgh]h
k_q_gby
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23
<_jog__ fmnlh\h_ kh_^bg_gb_
>ebgZ
ijb\h^ghc
k_dpbb,
nml
H[sZy
^ebgZ,
nml Ijb\h^gZy k_dpby
JZaf_j b
lbi, e_\h_
GZjm`guc
^bZf_lj >bZf_lj nZkdb
Gb`g__ gbii_evg_
kh_^bg_gb_
J
Z
a
f
_
j

\
_
^
m
s
_
c
[
m
j
b
e
v
g
h
c

l
j
m
[
u
K
l
Z
g
^
Z
j
l
g
Z
y
I
j
h
b
a
\
h
e
v
g
Z
y
K
l
Z
g
^
Z
j
l
g
Z
y
I
j
h
b
a
\
h
e
v
g
Z
y
F
_
`
^
m

]
j
Z
g
y
f
b
F
_
`
^
m

j
_
[
j
Z
f
b
F
_
`
^
m

j
_
[
j
Z
f
b
J
Z
^
b
m
k
J
Z
^
b
m
k
F
b
g
b
f
Z
e
v
g
Z
y

l
h
s
b
g
Z
k
l
_
g
d
b

g
Z
^

h
l
\
_
j
k
l
b
_
f
K
l
Z
g
^
Z
j
l
g
u
c
I
j
h
b
a
\
h
e
v
g
u
c
K
l
Z
g
^
Z
j
l
g
u
c
I
j
h
b
a
\
h
e
v
g
u
c
>
e
b
g
Z
K
l
Z
g
^
Z
j
l
g
u
c
I
j
h
b
a
\
h
e
v
g
u
c
J
Z
a
f
_
j

b

l
b
i
G
Z
j
m
`
g
u
c

^
b
Z
f
_
l
j
>
e
b
g
Z
>
b
Z
f
_
l
j

n
Z
k
d
b
<
g
m
l
j
_
g
g
b
c

^
b
Z
f
_
l
j
(
Z
) (
b
) (
b
) (
k
) (
k
) (
d
) (
e
) (
f
) (
g
) (
l
) (
h
) (
h
) (
i
) (
j
) (
j
) (
h
) (
i
) (
j
) (
k
)
^x-
cf
ff
L
D
L
D
L L D
FL
D
K
D
KK
R
C
R
CK
t D
U
D
U
L
U
D
F
D
F
D
LR
L
L
D
F
d
2
1
/
2
63.5 11.28 12.19 63.5 83.3 82.55 7.9 41.3 11.43 6
5
/
8
REG
4
1
/
2
REG
196.9 146.1 406.4 186.1 134.5 NC26
(2
3
/
8
IF)
85.7 508 82.9 31.8
3 76.2 11.28 12.19 76.2 100.0 98.43 9.5 49.2 11.43 6
5
/
8
REG
4
1
/
2
REG
196.9 146.1 406.4 186.1 134.5 NC31
(2
7
/
8
IF)
104.8 508 100.4 44.5
3
1
/
2
88.9 11.28 12.19 88.9 115.1 112.70 12.7 56.4 11.43 6
5
/
8
REG
4
1
/
2
REG
196.9 146.1 406.4 186.1 134.5 NC38
(3
1
/
2
IF)
120.7 508 116.3 57.2
4
1
/
4
108.0 11.28 15.54 12.19 16.46 108.0 141.3 139.70 12.7 69.9 12.07 6
5
/
8
REG
4
1
/
2
REG
196.9 146.1 406.4 186.1 134.5 NC46
(4IF)
m
158.8 508 145.3 71.4
NC50
(4
1
/
2
IF)
m
161.9 508 154.0 71.4
5
1
/
4
133.4 11.28 15.54 12.19 16.46 133.4 175.4 171.45 15.9 85.7 15.88 6
5
/
8
REG
196.9 406.4 186.1 134.5 5
1
/
2
FH
m
177.8 508 170.7 82.6
NC56
m
177.8 508 171.1 82.6
IJBF?Q:GBY:
1. Kf. jbk. 2.
2. <k_ jZaf_ju \ fbeebf_ljZo, djhf_ ^ebgu ijb\h^ghc k_dpbb b h[s_c ^ebgu, dhlhju_ ijb\_^_gu \ f_ljZo.
Z
JZaf_j \_^ms_c [mjbevghc ljm[u d\Z^jZlgh]h k_q_gby lhl `_ kZfuc, dZd jZaf_j f_`^m ]jZgyfb D
FL
(jZkklhygb_ f_`^m ijhlb\hiheh`gufb
iehkdhklyfb), mdZaZggh_ \ dhehgd_ 6.
b
>himkd gZ L
D
, +152,4, -127,0.
k
>himkd gZ L, +152,4, -0,0.
d
>himkdb gZ D
FL
, jZaf_ju hl 2
1
/
2
^h 3
1
/
2
, \dexqbl_evgh: 2,0, -0; jZaf_ju 4
1
/
4
b 5
1
/
4
: +2.4, -0.0. Kf. 5.2 ih bkiulZgbyf k dhevp_\uf dZeb[jhf.
_
>himkdb gZ D
C
, jZaf_ju 2
1
/
2
, 3 b 3
1
/
2
: +3.2, -0.0; jZaf_ju 4
1
/
4
b 5
1
/
4
: +4.0, -0.0.
f
>himkd gZ D
CC
+0.0, -0.38.
g
>himkd gZ R
C
, \k_ jZaf_ju, 1,6.
h
>himkd gZ D
U
b D
LR
, \k_ jZaf_ju, 0,8.
i
>himkd gZ L
U
b L
L
, \k_ jZaf_ju, 63.5, -0.0.
j
>himkd gZ D
F
, \k_ jZaf_ju, 0.4.
k
>himkd gZ d, \k_ jZaf_ju, 1.6, -0.0. Kf. 5.2 ih bkiulZgbyf k \gmlj_ggbf rZ[ehghf.
l
KijZ\hqguc jZaf_j lhevdh.
m
Kf. ijbf_qZgb_, 5.3.
API SPEC 7:1997
127
F_ljbq_kdZy lZ[ebpZ 3. <_^msb_ [mjbevgu_ ljm[u r_klb]jZggh]h
k_q_gby
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23
<_jog__ fmnlh\h_ kh_^bg_gb_
>ebgZ
ijb\h^ghc
k_dpbb,
nml
H[sZy
^ebgZ, nml Ijb\h^gZy k_dpby
JZaf_j b
lbi, e_\h_
GZjm`guc
^bZf_lj >bZf_lj nZkdb Gb`g__ gbii_evg_ kh_^bg_gb_
J
Z
a
f
_
j

\
_
^
m
s
_
c
[
m
j
b
e
v
g
h
c

l
j
m
[
u
K
l
Z
g
^
Z
j
l
g
Z
y
I
j
h
b
a
\
h
e
v
g
Z
y
K
l
Z
g
^
Z
j
l
g
Z
y
I
j
h
b
a
\
h
e
v
g
Z
y
F
_
`
^
m

]
j
Z
g
y
f
b
F
_
`
^
m

j
_
[
j
Z
f
b
F
_
`
^
m

j
_
[
j
Z
f
b

m
]
e
h
\
J
Z
^
b
m
k
J
Z
^
b
m
k
F
b
g
b
f
Z
e
v
g
Z
y

l
h
e
s
b
g
Z
k
l
_
g
d
b


h
l
\
_
j
k
l
b
y
K
l
Z
g
^
Z
j
l
g
u
c
I
j
h
b
a
\
h
e
v
g
u
c
K
l
Z
g
^
Z
j
l
g
u
c
I
j
h
b
a
\
h
e
v
g
u
c
>
e
b
g
Z
K
l
Z
g
^
Z
j
l
g
u
c
I
j
h
b
a
\
h
e
v
g
u
c
J
Z
a
f
_
j

b

l
b
i
G
Z
j
m
`
g
u
c

^
b
Z
f
_
l
j
>
e
b
g
Z
>
b
Z
f
_
l
j

n
Z
k
d
b
<
g
m
l
j
_
g
g
b
c

^
b
Z
f
_
l
j
(
Z
) (
b
) (
b
) (
k
) (
k
) (
d
) (
e
) (
f
) (
e
) (
j
) (
e
) (
e
) (
g
) (
h
) (
h
) (
e
) (
g
) (
h
) (
i
)
^x
cf
ff L
D
L
D
L L D
FL
D
K
D
KK
R
C
R
CK
t D
U
D
U
L
U
D
F
D
F
D
LR
L
L
D
F
d
3 76.2 11.28 12.19 76.2 85.7 85.73 6.4 42.9 12.1 6
5
/
8
REG
4
1
/
2
REG
196.9 146.1 406.4 186.1 134.5 NC26
(2
3
/
8
IF)
85.7 508 82.9 38.1
3
1
/
2
88.9 11.28 12.19 88.9 100.8 100.00 6.4 50.0 13.3 6
5
/
8
REG
4
1
/
2
REG
196.9 146.1 406.4 186.1 134.5 NC31
(2
7
/
8
IF)
104.8 508 100.4 44.5
4
1
/
4
108.0 11.28 15.54 12.19 16.46 108.0 122.2 121.44 7.9 60.7 15.9 6
5
/
8
REG
4
1
/
2
REG
196.9 146.1 406.4 186.1 134.5 NC38
(3
1
/
2
IF)
120.7 508 116.3 57.2
5
1
/
4
133.4 11.28 15.54 12.19 16.46 133.4 151.6 149.86 9.5 75.0 15.9 6
5
/
8
REG
196.9 406.4 186.1 NC46
(4 IF)
k
158.8 508 145.3 76.2
NC50
(4
1
/
2
IF)
k
k
161.9 508 154.0 82.6
6 152.4 11.28 15.54 12.19 16.46 152.4 173.0 173.02 9.5 86.5 15.9 6
5
/
8
REG
196.9 406.4 186.1 5
1
/
2
FH
k
177.8 508 170.7 88.9
NC56
k
177.8 508 171.1 88.9
IJBF?Q:GBY:
1. Kf. Jbk. 3.
2. <k_ jZaf_ju \ fbeebf_ljZo, djhf_ ^ebgu ijb\h^ghc k_dpbb b h[s_c ^ebgu, dhlhju_ ijb\_^_gu \ f_ljZo.
Z
JZaf_j \_^ms_c [mjbevghc ljm[u r_klb]jZggh]h k_q_gby lhl `_ kZfuc, dZd jZaf_j f_`^m ]jZgyfb D
FL
(jZkklhygb_ f_`^m ijhlb\hiheh`gufb
iehkdhklyfb), mdZaZggh_ \ dhehgd_ 6.
b
>himkd gZ L
D
, +152.4, -127.0.
k
>himkd gZ L, +152.4, -0.0.
d
>himkdb gZ D
FL
, \k_ jZaf_ju, 0.8 0.0; kf. 5.2 ih bkiulZgbyf k dhevp_\uf dZeb[jhf.
e
>himkd gZ D
U
, D
LR
, D
C
, b R
C
, \k_ jZaf_ju, 0.8.
f
>himkd gZ D
CC
+0.0, -0.38.
g
>himkd gZ L
U
b L
L
, \k_ jZaf_ju, 63.5, -0.0.
h
>himkd gZ D
F
, \k_ jZaf_ju, 0.4.
i
>himkd gZ d, \k_ jZaf_ju, 1.6, -0.0; kf. 5.2 ih bkiulZgbyf k \gmlj_ggbf rZ[ehghf.
j
KijZ\hqguc jZaf_j lhevdh.
k
>ey \_^msbo [mjbevguo ljm[ k r_klb]jZgguf k_q_gb_f 5
1
/
4
(133.4 fbeebf_ljZ) hl\_jklb_ 71.4 fbeebf_ljZ y\ey_lky ijhba\hevguf. Kf.
ijbf_qZgb_, 5.3.
F_ljbq_kdZy lZ[ebpZ 4. DZeb[j-\lmedZ ^ey \_^msbo [mjbevguo
ljm[
JZkklhygb_ f_`^m ]jZgyfb
FZdkbfZevguc jZ^bmk ]Zel_eb
JZaf_j \_^ms_c
[mjbevghc
ljm[u
^xcf ff
FbgbfZevgZy
^ebgZ dZeb[jZ, L
G
D\Z^jZlgh_
k_q_gb_, D
FL
R_klb]jZggh_ k_q_gb_,
D
FL
D\Z^jZlgh_ k_q_gb_,
R
S
R_klb]jZggh_ k_q_gb_,
R
H
2
1
/
2
63.5 254 65.9 6.4
3 76.2 254 78.6 77.1 7.9 4.8
3
1
/
2
88.9 254 91.3 89.8 11.1 4.8
4
1
/
4
108.0 304.8 111.1 108.9 11.1 6.4
5
1
/
4
133.4 304.8 136.5 134.3 14.3 7.9
6 152.4 304.8 153.3 7.9
IJBF?Q:GBY:
1. Kf. Jbk. 4.
2. <k_ jZaf_ju \ fbeebf_ljZo.
3. >himkd gZ D
FL
, \k_ jZaf_ju, 0.13, -0.000.
4. >himkd gZ ghfbgZevgu_ \gmlj_ggb_ m]eu f_`^m ]jZgyfb 0, 30.
API SPEC 7:1997
128
F_ljbq_kdZy lZ[ebpZ 7. JZaf_ju [mjbevguo aZfdh\ ^ey [mjbevguo
ljm[ fZjhd ?75, O95, G105 b S135
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
;mjbevgZy ljm[Z ;mjbevguc aZfhd
H[hagZq_gb_
[mjbevgh]h
aZfdZ
Z
JZaf_j
b lbi
Ghfb-
gZev-
gZy
fZkkZ
b
,
d]/f
FZj-
dZ
klZeb
GZjm`-
guc
^bZf_lj
gbii_ey
b fmnlu
aZfdZ,
0.8
<gml-
j_ggb
c ^bZ-
f_lj
gbi-
i_ey
k
+0.4
-0.8
>bZf_lj
nZkdb
aZie_qb-
dh\
gbii_ey
b fmnlu
aZfdZ,
0.4
H[sZy
^ebgZ
gbii_ey
[mjbev-
gh]h
aZfdZ,
+6.4 9.5
<ukhlZ
f_klZ
^ey
dexqZ gZ
gbii_e_,
6.4
<ukhlZ
f_klZ
^ey
dexqZ gZ
fmnl_,
6.4
Dhf[bgb-
jh\ZggZy
^ebgZ
gbii_ey b
fmnlu
aZfdZ,
12.7
>bZf_lj
gbii_ey gZ
\ukZ^d_
we_\ZlhjZ,
fZdkbfZev
guc
>bZf_lj
fmnlu
gZ
\ukZ^d_
we_\Z-
lhjZ,
fZdkb-
fZevguc
Dhwnnbpb_g
l djmq_gby
gbii_ey d
[mjbevghc
ljm[_.
D d D
F
L
P
L
PB
L
B
L D
PB
D
LB
NC26 (2
3
/
8
IF) 2
3
/
8
EU 9.90 E75 85.7 44.45 82.95 254.0 177.8 203.2 381 65.09 65.09 1.10
85.7 45.45 82.95 254.0 177.8 203.2 381 65.09 65.09 0.87
85.7 45.45 82.95 254.0 177.8 203.2 381 65.09 65.09 0.79
NC31 (2
7
/
8
IF) 2
7
/
8
EU 15.49 E75 104.8 53.98 100.41 266.7 177.8 228.6 406.4 80.96 80.96 1.03
X95 104.8 50.80 100.41 266.7 177.8 228.6 406.4 80.96 80.96 0.90
G105 104.8 50.80 100.41 266.7 177.8 228.6 406.4 80.96 80.96 0.82
S135 111.1 41.28 100.41 266.7 177.8 228.6 406.4 80.96 80.96 0.82
NC38
d
3
1
/
2
EU 14.15 E75 120.7 76.20 116.28 292.1
d
203.2 266.7 469.9 98.43 98.43 0.91
NC38 (3
1
/
2
IF) 3
1
/
2
EU 19.81 E75 120.7 68.26 116.28 304.8 203.2 266.7 469.9 98.43 98.43 0.98
X95 127.0 65.09 116.28 304.8 203.2 266.7 469.9 98.43 98.43 0.87
G105 127.0 61.91 116.28 304.8 203.2 266.7 469.9 98.43 98.43 0.86
S135 127.0 53.98 116.28 304.8 203.2 266.7 469.9 98.43 98.43 0.80
23.09 E75 127.0 65.09 116.28 304.8 203.2 266.7 469.9 98.43 98.43 0.97
X95 127.0 61.91 116.28 304.8 203.2 266.7 469.9 98.43 98.43 0.83
G105 127.0 53.98 116.28 304.8 203.2 266.7 469.9 98.43 98.43 0.90
NC40 (4 FH) 3
1
/
2
EU 23.09 S135 139.7 57.15 127.40 292.1 177.8 254.0 431.8 98.43 98.43 0.87
4 IU
20.85 E75 133.4 71.44 127.40 292.1 177.8 254.0 431.8 106.36 106.36 1.01
X95 133.4 68.26 127.40 292.1 177.8 254.0 431.8 106.36 106.36 0.86
G105 139.7 61.91 127.40 292.1 177.8 254.0 431.8 106.36 106.36 0.93
S135 139.7 50.80 127.40 292.1 177.8 254.0 431.8 106.36 106.36 0.87
NC46 (4 IF) 4 EU 20.85 E75 152.4 82.55 145.26 292.1 177.8 254.0 431.8 114.30 114.30 1.43
X95 152.4 82.55 145.26 292.1 177.8 254.0 431.8 114.30 114.30 1.13
G105 152.4 82.55 145.26 292.1 177.8 254.0 431.8 114,30 114.30 1.02
S135 152.4 76.20 145.26 292.1 177.8 254.0 431.8 114.30 114.30 0.94
4
1
/
2
IU 20.48 E75 152.4 85.73 145.26 292.1 177.8 254.0 431.8 119.06 119.06 1.20
4
1
/
2
IEU 24.73 E75 158.8 82.55 145.26 292.1 177.8 254.0 431.8 119.06 119.06 1.09
X95 158.8 76.20 145.26 292.1 177.8 254.0 431.8 119.06 119.06 1.01
G105 158.8 76.20 145.26 292.1 177.8 254.0 431.8 119.06 119.06 0.91
S135 158.8 69.85 145.26 292.1 177.8 254.0 431.8 119.06 119.06 0.81
4
1
/
2
IEU
29.79 E75 158.75 76.20 145.3 292.1 177.8 254.0 431.8 119.07 119.07 1.07
X95 158.75 69.85 145.3 292.1 177.8 254.0 431.8 119.07 119.07 0.96
G105 158.75 63.50 145.3 292.1 177.8 254.0 431.8 119.07 119.07 0.96
S135 158.75 57.15 145.3 292.1 177.8 254.0 431.8 119.07 119.07 0.81
NC50(4
1
/
2
IF) 4
1
/
2
EU 20.48 E75 168.28 98.43 154.0 292.1 177.8 254.0 431.8 127.00 127.00 1.32
4
1
/
2
EU 24.73 E75 168.28 95.25 154.0 292.1 177.8 254.0 431.8 127.00 127.00 1.23
X95 168.28 95.25 154.0 292.1 177.8 254.0 431.8 127.00 127.00 0.97
G105 168.28 95.25 154.0 292.1 177.8 254.0 431.8 127.00 127.00 0.88
IJBF?Q:GBY:
1. Kf. Jbk. 6.
2. <k_ jZaf_ju \ fbeebf_ljZo.
3. >bZf_lju r_cdb (D
pe
b D
le
) b \gmlj_ggb_ ^bZf_lju (d) [mjbevguo aZfdh\ i_j_^ k\Zjdhc hij_^_eyxlky ba]hlh\bl_e_f. < lZ[ebp_ \ur_
mklZgh\e_gu jZaf_ju ihke_ hdhgqZl_evghc f_oZgbq_kdhc h[jZ[hldb maeZ.
4. < ijbeh`_gbb I kh^_j`Zlky jZaf_ju mklZj_\rbo kh_^bg_gbc b ijyfhm]hevguo aZie_qbdh\ we_\Zlhjh\.
Z
H[hagZq_gb_ [mjbevguo aZfdh\ ihdZau\Z_l jZaf_j b lbi ijbf_gy_fuo kh_^bg_gbc.
b
GhfbgZevgu_ fZkku, j_av[u b fmnlu ihdZaZgu ^ey p_e_c b^_glbnbdZpbb \ aZdZa_.
k
<gmlj_ggbc ^bZf_lj g_ ijbf_gy_lky d fmnlh\uf we_f_glZf kh_^bg_gbc, dhlhju_ hij_^_eyxlky ba]hlh\bl_e_f.
d
>ebgZ j_av[u gbii_ey mf_gvr_gZ ^h 88.9 ff (gZ 12.7 ff dhjhq_) ^ey kh]eZkh\Zgby k \gmlj_ggbf ^bZf_ljhf 76.2 ff.
API SPEC 7:1997
129
F_ljbq_kdZy lZ[ebpZ 7. JZaf_ju [mjbevguo aZfdh\ ^ey [mjbevguo
ljm[ fZjhd ?75. O95. G105 b S135 (ijh^he`_gb_)
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
;mjbevgZy ljm[Z ;mjbevguc aZfhd
H[hagZq_-
gb_
[mjbevgh-
]h aZfdZ
Z
JZaf_j b
lbi
Ghfb-
gZev-
gZy
fZkkZ
b
,
d]/f
FZj-
dZ
klZeb
GZjm`-
guc
^bZf_lj
gbii_ey
b fmnlu
aZfdZ,
0.8
<gmlj
_ggbc
^bZ-
f_lj
gbi-
i_ey
k
+0.4
-0.8
>bZf_lj
nZkdb
aZie_qb-
dh\
gbii_ey
b fmnlu
aZfdZ,
0.4
H[sZy
^ebgZ
gbii_ey
[mjbev-
gh]h
aZfdZ,
+6.4 9.5
<ukhlZ
f_klZ
^ey
dexqZ gZ
gbii_e_,
6.4
<ukhlZ
f_klZ
^ey
dexqZ gZ
fmnl_,
6.4
Dhf[bgb-
jh\ZggZy
^ebgZ
gbii_ey b
fmnlu
aZfdZ,
12.7
>bZf_lj
gbii_ey gZ
\ukZ^d_
we_\ZlhjZ,
fZdkbfZev
guc
>bZf_lj
fmnlu
gZ
\ukZ^d_
we_\Z-
lhjZ,
fZdkb-
fZevguc
Dhwnnbpb_g
l djmq_gby
gbii_ey d
[mjbevghc
ljm[_.
D d D
F
L
P
L
PB
L
B
L D
PB
D
LB
S135 168.28 88.90 154.0 292.1 177.8 254.0 431.8 127.00 127.00 0.81
4
1
/
2
EU 29.79 E75 168.28 92.08 154.0 292.1 177.8 254.0 431.8 127.00 127.00 1.02
X95 168.28 88.90 154.0 292.1 177.8 254.0 431.8 127.00 127.00 0.96
G105 168.28 88.90 154.0 292.1 177.8 254.0 431.8 127.00 127.00 0.86
S135 168.28 76.20 154.0 292.1 177.8 254.0 431.8 127.00 127.00 0.87
5 IEU 29.05 E75 168.28 95.25 154.0 292.1 177.8 254.0 431.8 130.18 130.18 0.92
X95 168.28 88.90 154.0 292.1 177.8 254.0 431.8 130.18 130.18 0.86
G105 168.28 82.55 154.0 292.1 177.8 254.0 431.8 130.18 130.18 0.89
S135 168.28 69.85 154.0 292.1 177.8 254.0 431.8 130.18 130.18 0.86
5 IEU 38.13 E75 168.28 88.90 154.0 292.1 177.8 254.0 431.8 130.18 130.18 0.86
X75 168.28 76.20 154.0 292.1 177.8 254.0 431.8 130.18 130.18 0.86
G105 168.28 69.85 154.0 292.1 177.8 254.0 431.8 130.18 130.18 0.87
5
1
/
2
FH 5 IEU 29.05 E75 177.80 95.25 170:7 330.2 203.2 254.0 457.2 130.18 130.18 1.53
X95 177.80 95.25 170.7 330.2 203.2 254.0 457.2 130.18 130.18 1.21
G105 177.80 95.25 170.7 330.2 203.2 254.0 457.2 130.18 130.18 1.09
S135 184.15 88.90 170.7 330.2 203.2 254.0 457.2 130.18 130.18 0.98
5 IEU 38.13 E75 177.80 88.90 170.7 330.2 203.2 254.0 457.2 130.18 130.18 1.21
X95 177.80 88.90 170.7 330.2 203.2 254.0 457.2 130.18 130.18 0.95
G105 184.15 88.90 170.7 330.2 203.2 254.0 457.2 130.18 130.18 0.99
S135 184.15 82.55 170.7 330.2 203.2 254.0 457.2 130.18 130.18 0.83
5
1
/
2
IEU
32.62 E75 177.80 101.60 170.7 330.2 203.2 254.0 457.2 144.46 144.46 1.11
X95 177.80 95.25 170.7 330.2 203.2 254.0 457.2 144.46 144.46 0.98
G105 184.15 88.90 170.7 330.2 203.2 254.0 457.2 144.46 144.46 1.02
S135 190.50 76.20 180.2 330.2 203.2 254.0 457.2 144.46 144.46 0.96
5
1
/
2
IEU 36.79 E75 177.80 101.60 170.7 330.2 203.2 254.0 457.2 144.46 144.46 0.99
X95 184.15 88.90 170.7 330.2 203.2 254.0 457.2 144.46 144.46 1.01
G105 184.15 88.90 170.7 330.2 203.2 254.0 457.2 144.46 144.46 0.92
S135 190.50 76.20 180.2 330.2 203.2 254.0 457.2 144.46 144.46 0.86
6
5
/
8
FH 6
5
/
8
IEU 37.54 E75 203.20 127.00 195.7 330.2 203.2 279.4 482.6 176.21 176.21 1.04
X95 203.20 127.00 195.7 330.2 203.2 279.4 482.6 176.21 176.21 0.82
G105 209.55 120.65 195.7 330.2 203.2 279.4 482.6 176.21 176.21 0.87
S135 215.90 107.95 195.7 330.2 203.2 279.4 482.6 176.21 176.21 0.86
6
5
/
8
IEU 41.29 E75 203.20 127.00 195.7 330.2 203.2 279.4 482.6 176.21 176.21 0.96
X95 209.55 120.65 195.7 330.2 203.2 279.4 482.6 176.21 176.21 0.89
G105 209.55 120.65 195.7 330.2 203.2 279.4 482.6 176.21 176.21 0.81
S135 215.90 107.95 195.7 330.2 203.2 279.4 482.6 176.21 176.21 0.80
IJBF?Q:GBY:
1. Kf. jbk. 6.
2. <k_ jZaf_ju \ fbeebf_ljZo.
3. >bZf_lju r_cdb (D
pe
b D
le
) b \gmlj_ggb_ ^bZf_lju (d) [mjbevguo aZfdh\ i_j_^ k\Zjdhc hij_^_eyxlky ba]hlh\bl_e_f. < lZ[ebp_ \ur_
mklZgh\e_gu jZaf_ju ihke_ hdhgqZl_evghc f_oZgbq_kdhc h[jZ[hldb maeZ.
4. < Ijbeh`_gbb I kh^_j`Zlky jZaf_ju mklZj_\rbo kh_^bg_gbc b ijyfhm]hevguo aZie_qbdh\ we_\Zlhjh\.
Z
H[hagZq_gb_ [mjbevguo aZfdh\ ihdZau\Z_l jZaf_j b lbi ijbf_gy_fuo kh_^bg_gbc.
b
GhfbgZevgu_ fZkku, j_av[u b fmnlu ihdZaZgu ^ey p_e_c b^_glbnbdZpbb \ aZdZa_.
k
<gmlj_ggbc ^bZf_lj g_ ijbf_gy_lky d fmnlh\uf we_f_glZf kh_^bg_gbc, dhlhju_ hij_^_eyxlky ba]hlh\bl_e_f.
d
>ebgZ j_av[u gbii_ey mf_gvr_gZ ^h 88.9 ff (gZ 12.7 ff dhjhq_) ^ey kh]eZkh\Zgby k \gmlj_ggbf ^bZf_ljhf 76.2 ff.
API SPEC 7:1997
130
F_ljbq_kdZy lZ[ebpZ 12. <ulhqdZ ^ey h[jZlgh]h deZiZgZ \
i_j_\h^gbdZo ^hehlZ
AZfdh\Zy fmnlZ ^hehlZ API REG
(ghjfZevgZy)
>jm]b_ ihimeyjgu_ kh_^bg_gby OZjZdl_jbklb-
q_kdbc ^bZf_lj
dhgkljmdpbb
>bZf_lj \ulhqdb
ih^ h[jZlguc
deZiZg, R+0.40 -0
OZjZdl_jbklb-
q_kdZy ^ebgZ
dhgkljmdpbb
A A
D (D iexk 0.79) L JZaf_j 1.6 JZaf_j 1.6
42.07 42.86 149.2 2
3
/
8
231.8 NC23 231.8
48.42 49.21 158.8 2
7
/
8
254.0 2
3
/
8
IF 241.3
61.12 61.91 165.1 3
1
/
2
266.7 2
7
/
8
IF 260.4
71.44 72.23 254.0 3
1
/
2
FH . 355.6
79.38 80.17 254.0 3
1
/
2
IF 362.0
88.11 88.90 211.4 4
1
/
2
325.4 NC44 331.8
92.87 93.66 304.8 4 IF 336.6
98.43 99.22 247.6 5
1
/
2
374.7 4
1
/
2
IF 368.3
121.44 122.24 288.4 6
5
/
8
431.8 5
1
/
2
IF 431.8
7
5
/
8
438.2 5
1
/
2
FH 431.8
8
5
/
8
441.3 NC61 438.2
144.46 145.26 371.5 8
5
/
8
514.4 6
5
/
8
IF 504.8
IJBF?Q:GB?. <k_ jZaf_ju \ fbeebf_ljZo.
F_ljbq_kdZy lZ[ebpZ 13. Mly`_e_ggu_ [mjbevgu_ ljm[u
1 2 3 4 5 6
GZjm`guc
^bZf_lj, D
b
Ghf_j mly`_e_gghc [mjbevghc
ljm[u
Z
^xcf ff
Hl\_jklb_,
+1.6 -0.0,
d
>ebgZ,
f, 152.4 ff,
L
d
>bZf_lj nZkdb,
0.4,
D
F
KijZ\hqguc
dhwnnbpb_gl ijhqghklb
gZ ba]b[
_
NC23-31(wdki_jbf_glZevgZy) 3
1
/
8
79.4 31.8 9.14 76.2 2.57:1
NC26-35 (2
3
/
8
IF) 3
1
/
2
88.9 38.1 9.14 82.9 2.42:1
NC31-41 (2
7
/
8
IF) 4
1
/
8
104.8 50.8 9.14 beb 9.45 100.4 2.43:1
NC35-47 4
3
/
4
120.7 50.8 9.14 beb 9.45 114.7 2.58:1
NC38-50 (3
1
/
2
IF) 5 127.0 57.2 9.14 beb 9.45 121.0 2.38:1
NC44-60 6 152.4 57.2 9.14 beb 9.45 144.5 2.49:1
NC44-60 6 152.4 71.4 9.14 beb 9.45 144.5 2.84:1
NC44-62 6
1
/
4
158.8 57.2 9.14 beb 9.45 149.2 2.91:1
NC46-62 (4 IF) 6
1
/
4
158.8 71.4 9.14 beb 9.45 150.0 2.63:1
NC46-65 (4 IF) 6
1
/
2
165.1 57.2 9.14 beb 9.45 154.8 2.76:1
NC46-65 (4 IF) 6
1
/
2
165.1 71.4 9.14 beb 9.45 154.8 3.05:1
NC46-67 (4 IF) 6
3
/
4
171.5 57.2 9.14 beb 9.45 159.5 3.18:1
NC50-70 (4
1
/
2
IF) 7 177.8 57.2 9.14 beb 9.45 164.7 2.54:1
NC50-70 (4
1
/
2
IF) 7 177.8 71.4 9.14 beb 9.45 164.7 2.73:1
NC50-72 (4
1
/
2
IF) 7
1
/
4
184.2 71.4 9.14 beb 9.45 169.5 3.12:1
NC56-77 7
3
/
4
196.9 71.4 9.14 beb 9.45 185.3 2.70:1
NC56-80 8 203.2 71.4 9.14 beb 9.45 190.1 3.02:1
6
5
/
8
REG 8
1
/
4
209.6 71.4 9.14 beb 9.45 195.7 2.93:1
NC61-90 9 228.6 71.4 9.14 beb 9.45 212.7 3.17:1
7
5
/
8
REG 9
1
/
2
241.3 76.2 9.14 beb 9.45 223.8 2.81:1
NC70-97 9
3
/
4
247.7 76.2 9.14 beb 9.45 232.6 2.57:1
NC70-100 10 254.0 76.2 9.14 beb 9.45 237.3 2.81:1
8
5
/
8
REG
k
11
279.4 76.2 9.14 beb 9.45 266.7 2.84:1
IJBF?Q:GBY:
1. Kf. jbk. 15.
2. ?keb g_ mdZaZgh ^jm]h_, \k_ jZaf_ju \ fbeebf_ljZo.
a
Ghf_j mly`_e_gghc [mjbevghc ljm[u khklhbl ba ^\mo qZkl_c, hl^_e_gguo lbj_. I_j\Zy qZklv ij_^klZ\ey_l kh[hc ghf_j kh_^bg_gby lbiZ NC.
<lhjZy qZklv, khklhysZy ba 2 (beb 3) pbnj, mdZau\Z_l gZjm`guc ^bZf_lj mly`_e_gghc [mjbevghc ljm[u \ _^bgbpZo b ^_kyluo ^heyo ^xcfZ.
Kh_^bg_gby, mdZaZggu_ \ kdh[dZo \ i_j\hc dhehgd_, g_ y\eyxlky qZklyfb ghf_jZ mly`_e_gghc [mjbevghc ljm[u; hgb ihdZau\Zxl
\aZbfhaZf_gy_fhklv mly`_e_gguo [mjbevguo ljm[, \uiheg_gguo kh klZg^Zjlgufb (NC) kh_^bg_gbyfb, dZd ihdZaZgh. ?keb kh_^bg_gby,
mdZaZggu_ \ kdh[dZo \ i_j\hc dhehgd_, ba]hlh\e_gu k nhjfhc j_av[u V-0.038R (0,97 ff), (dZd h[mkeh\e_gh \ 8.4), lh kh_^bg_gby b mly`_e_ggu_
[mjbevgu_ ljm[u b^_glbqgu k ZgZeh]bqgufb ba^_ebyfb lbiZ NC. Mly`_e_ggu_ [mjbevgu_ ljm[u k gZjm`gufb ^bZf_ljZfb 8
1
/
4
^xcfZ (209.6
ff), 9
1
/
2
^xcfZ (241,3 ff), b 11 ^xcfh\ (279,4 ff) ihdZaZgu k kh_^bg_gbyfb 6
5
/
8
, 7
5
/
8
b 8
5
/
8
REG, ihkdhevdm hlkmlkl\mxl kh_^bg_gby NC \
j_dhf_g^m_fhf ^bZiZahg_ dhwnnbpb_glZ ijhqghklb gZ ba]b[.
b
Ih ^himkdZf kf. lZ[e. 14.
c
Ih jZaf_jZf kf. jbk. 17 b lZ[e. 16.
d
Ih ^himkdZf gZ g_fZ]gblgu_ mly`_e_ggu_ [mjbevgu_ ljm[u kf. 8.3.2.
_
We_f_glu dhgkljmdpbb ^ey kgylby gZijy`_gbc ijb jZkq_l_ dhwnnbpb_glZ ijhqghklb gZ ba]b[ g_ mqblu\Zxlky.
API SPEC 7:1997
131
F_ljbq_kdZy lZ[ebpZ 16. We_f_glu dhgkljmdpbb ^ey kgylby
gZijy`_gbc \ kh_^bg_gbyo mly`_e_gguo [mjbevguo ljm[
1 2 3 4 5 6
Ghf_j beb
jZaf_j b lbi
kh_^bg_gby
Z
>ebgZ hl mihjghc
ih\_joghklb aZie_qbdZ ^h
ihke_^g_c jbkdb j_av[u gZ
fmnl_,
ff, 1.59 ff
L
x
>bZf_lj
pbebg^jbq_kdhc qZklb
fmnlu,
ff, 0,40 -0,0 ff
D
CB
Dhgmkghklv h[eZklb ihaZ^b
pbebg^jbq_kdhc qZklb
fmnlu,
ff/f, 20.83 ff/f T.P.M
>bZf_lj gbii_ey \
dZgZ\d_,
ff, 0.0 0.79 ff,
D
RG
>ebgZ hl mihjghc
ih\_joghklb aZie_qbdZ
^h dZgZ\db fmnlu,
ff, 0.0 3.18 ff,
L
RG
NC35
82.6 82.15 166.67 82.15 85.73
NC38 (3
1
/
2
IF) 88.9 88.11 166.67 89.30 92.08
NC40 (4 FH) 101.6 92.87 166.67 96.04 104.78
NC44 101.6 101.60 166.67 106.36 104.78
NC46 (4 IF) 101.6 106.76 166.67 109.93 104.78
NC50 (4
1
/
2
IF) 101.6 117.48 166.67 120.65 104.78
NC56 114.3 121.84 250.00 134.54 117.48
NC61 127.0 132.95 250.00 148.83 130.18
NC70 139.7 152.00 250.00 171.05 142.88
NC77 152.4 166.29 250.00 188.52 155.58
4
1
/
2
FH 88.9 96.44 250.00 106.76 92.08
5
1
/
2
REG 108.0 114.30 250.00 123.43 111.13
6
5
/
8
REG 114.3 134.14 166.67 137.72 117.48
7
5
/
8
REG 120.7 148.83 250.00 162.72 123.83
8
5
/
8
REG 123.8 172.24 250.00 185.34 127.00
IJBF?Q:GB?. Kf. jbk. 16 b 17.
a
Kh_^bg_gby NC23, NC26 (2
3
/
8
IF) b NC31 (2
7
/
8
IF) g_ bf_xl ^hklZlhqgh f_lZeeZ ^ey \uiheg_gby we_f_glh\ ^ey kgylby gZijy`_gbc.
API SPEC 7:1997
132
F_ljbq_kdZy lZ[ebpZ 25. JZaf_ju jhlhjguo kh_^bg_gbc k
aZie_qbdZfb
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Ghf_j beb
jZaf_j
kh_^b-
g_gby
NhjfZ
j_av[u
Qbkeh
\bldh\
gZ
25,4 ff
Dhgmk-
ghklv,
ff/f gZ
^bZf_lj
>bZf_lj
kj_^g_c
hdjm`ghklb
j_av[u \ lhqd_
baf_j_gby
;hevrbc
^bZf_lj
gbii_ey
>bZf_lj
eukdb gZ
gbii_e_
F_gvrbc
^bZf_lj
gbii_ey
>ebgZ
gbii_ey
Z
+0 3.18
Fbgb-
fZevgZy
^ebgZ
j_av[u
b
=em[bgZ
fmnlu
+0.53 0.0
JZaa_gdh\-
dZ fmnlu
+0.79 0.40
C D
L
D
LF
Ds L
PC
L
BT
L
BC
Qc
Ghf_j (NC) lbiZ
NC23 V-0.038R 4 166.67 59.817 65.10 61.90 52.4 76.20 79.38 92.08 66.68
NC20 V-0.038R 4 166.67 67.7672 73.05 69.85 60.35 76.20 79.38 92.08 74.61
NC31 V-0.038R 4 166.67 80.8482 86.13 82.96 71.32 88.90 92.08 104.78 87.71
NC35 V-0.038R 4 166.67 89.6874 94.97 92.08 79.10 95.25 98.43 111.13 96.84
NC38 V-0.038R 4 166.67 96.7232 102.01 98.83 85.06 101.60 104.78 117.48 103.58
NC40 V-0.038R 4 166.67 103.4288 108.71 105.56 89.66 114.30 117.48 130.18 110.33
NC44 V-0.038R 4 166.67 112.1918 117.48 114.27 98.43 114.30 117.48 130.18 119.06
NC46 V-0.038R 4 166.67 117.5004 122.78 119.61 103.73 114.30 117.48 130.18 124.62
NC50 V-0.038R 4 166.67 128.0592 133.35 130.43 114.30 114.30 117.48 130.18 134.94
NC56 V-0.038R 4 250.00 142.6464 149.25 114.86 117.50 127.00 130.18 142.88 150.81
NC61 V-0.038R 4 250.00 156.9212 163.53 159.16 128.60 139.70 142.88 155.58 165.1
NC70 V-0.038R 4 250.00 179.1462 185.75 181.38 147.65 152.40 155.58 168.28 187.33
NC77 V-0.038R 4 250.00 196.6214 203.2 198.83 161.95 165.10 168.28 180.98 204.79
GhjfZevguc (REG) lbi
2
3
/
8
REG V-0.040 5 250.00 60.0804 66.68 63.88 47.63 76.20 79.38 92.08 68.26
2
7
/
8
REG V-0.040 5 250.00 69.6054 76.20 73.41 53.98 .88.90 92.08 104.78 77.79
3
1
/
2
REG V-0.040 5 250.00 82.2927 88.90 86.11 65.07 95.25 98.43 111.13 90.49
4
1
/
2
REG V-0.040 5 250.00 110.8677 117.48 114.68 90.47 107.95 111.13 123.83 119.06
5
1
/
2
REG V-0.050 4 250.00 132.9441 140.21 137.41 110.06 120.65 123.83 136.53 141.68
6
5
/
8
REG V-0.050 4 166.67 146.2481 152.20 149.40 131.04 127.00 130.18 142.88 153.99
7
5
/
8
REG V-0.050 4 250.00 170.5491 177.80 175.01 144.48 133.35 136.53 149.23 184.15
8
5
/
8
REG V-0.050 4 250.00 194.7311 201.98 199.14 167.84 136.53 139.70 152.40 204.39
Rbjhdhijhoh^ghc (FH) lbi
5
1
/
2
FH V-0.050 4 166.67 142.0114 147.96 126.80 127.000 130.18 142.88 150.02
6
5
/
8
FH V-0.050 4 166.67 165.5978 171.53 150.37 127.000 130.18 142.88 173.83
IJBF?Q:GBY:
1. Kf. jbk. 20.
2. <k_ jZaf_ju \ fbeebf_ljZo.
Z
>ey [mjbevguo ^hehl k dhgbq_kdbfb rZjhrdZfb lhevdh, ^himkd 0.0 -2.8 ff.
b
L
BT
y\ey_lky ^ebghc j_av[u fmnlu ijb baf_j_gbb hl k\bg]_ggh]h aZie_qbdZ ^h i_j_k_q_gby g_ gZoh^ys_cky ih^ ^Z\e_gb_f [hdh\hc klhjhghc
ijhnbey k \_jrbghc ihke_^g_]h \bldZ j_av[u k iheghc ]em[bghc.
API SPEC 7:1997
133
F_ljbq_kdZy lZ[ebpZ 26. JZaf_ju j_av[u gZ jhlhjguo kh_^bg_gbyo
k aZie_qbdZfb
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
RbjbgZ iehkdhc qZklb
NhjfZ
j_av[u
Dhgmk-
ghklv,
ff/f
KijZ\hqgZy
\ukhlZ j_av[u,
[_a kj_aZ
H
KijZ\hqgZy
\ukhlZ j_av[u,
kh kj_ahf
h
n
= h
s
KijZ\hqguc
kj_a m \iZ^bgu
s
m
= s
rs
f
m
= f
rs
KijZ\hqguc
kj_a \_jrbgu
f
cn
= f
cs
<_jrbgZ
F
cn
= F
cs
<iZ^bgZ
F
rn
= F
rs
JZ^bmk
\iZ^bgu
r
rn
= r
rs
JZ^bmk \ m]eZo
j_av[u
r 0.20 ff
V-0.038R 166.67 5.48653 3.09484 0.96520 1.42649 1.65 0.97 0.38
V-0.038R 250.00 5.47063 3.08308 0.96520 1.42235 1.65 0.97 0.38
V-0.040 250.00 4.37650 2.99319 0.50800 0.87531 1.02 0.51 0.38
V-0.050 250.00 5.47063 3.74150 0.63500 1.09413 1.27 0.64 0.38
V-0.050 166.67 5.48653 3.75422 0.63500 1.09731 1.27 0.64 0.38
IJBF?Q:GBY:
1. Kf. jbk. 21 b 22.
2. <k_ jZaf_ju \ fbeebf_ljZo.
F_ljbq_kdZy lZ[ebpZ 27. JZaf_ju dZeb[jh\ ^ey jhlhjguo
kh_^bg_gbc k aZie_qbdZfb
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
JZaf_j
NhjfZ
j_av[u
Qbkeh
\bldh\
gZ 25.4
ff
Dhgmk-
ghklv
ff/f gZ
^bZf_lj
>bZf_lj
kj_^g_c
hdjm`ghk-
lb \ lhqd_
baf_j_gby
15.88
a
;hevrhc
^bZf_lj \
lhqd_
baf_j_gby
15.88
a
F_gv-
rbc
^bZf_lj
\ lhqd_
baf_j_-
gby
15.88
a
>bZf_lj
kj_^g_c
hdjm`ghk-
lb \ lhqd_
baf_j_gby
34.9
a
H[sZy
^ebgZ
dZeb[jZ-
ijh[db
>bZf_lj
ijb]h-
ghqghc
ieZklbgu
dZeb[jZ -
ijh[db
H[sZy
^ebgZ
dhevp_-
\h]h
dZeb[jZ
GZjm`-
guc
^bZ-
f_lj
dhevp_-
\h]h
dZeb[j
>bZ-
f_lj
jZa-
a_g-
dh\db
GZly]
ijb
khijy-
`_gbb
L
pg
L
rg
D
R
Q S
DZeb[ju ^ey gmf_jh\Zggh]h lbiZ (NC)
NC23 V-0.038R 4 166.67 59.8170 62.1965 57.4375 56.6420 76.2 52.22 60.3 98.4 64.03 15.88
NC26 (2
3
/
8
IF) V-0.038R 4 166.67 67.7672 70.1467 65.3877 64.5922 76.2 60.17 60.3 106.4 71.98 15.88
NC31 (2
7
/
8
IF) V-0.038R 4 166.67 80.8482 83.2277 78.4687 77.6732 88.9 73.25 73.0 130.2 85.06 15.88
NC35 V-0.038R 4 166.67 89.6874 92.0669 87.3079 86.5124 95.3 82.09 79.4 133.4 93.90 15.88
NC38 (3
1
/
2
IF) V-0.038R 4 166.67 96.7232 99.1027 94.3437 93.5482 101.6 89.13 85.7 142.9 100.94 15.88
NC40 (4 FH) V-0.038R 4 166.67 103.4288 105.8083 101.0493 100.2538 114.3 95.83 98.4 149.2 107.67 15.88
NC44 V-0.038R 4 166.67 112.1918 114.5713 109.8123 109.0163 114.3 104.60 98.4 161.9 116.41 15.88
NC46 (4 IF) V-0.038R 4 166.67 117.5004 119.8799 115.1209 114.3254 114.3 109.91 98.4 165.1 121.72 15.88
NC50(4
1
/
2
lF) V-0.038R 4 166.67 128.0592 130.4382 125.6797 124.8842 114.3 120.47 98.4 181.0 132.28 15.88
NC56 V-0.038R 4 250.00 142.6464 145.0183 140.2745 137.8339 127.0 135.08 111.1 200.0 146.86 15.88
NC61 V-0.038R 4 250.00 156.9212 159.2931 154.5493 152.1587 139.7 149.35 123.8 215.9 161.14 15.88
NC70 V-0.038R 4 250.00 179.1462 181.5181 176.7743 174.3837 152.4 171.58 136.5 238.1 183.36 15.88
NC77 V-0.038R 4 250.00 196.6214 198.9933 192.2495 191.8589 165.1 189.05 149.2 260.4 200.84 15.88
DZeb[ju ^ey ghjfZevgh]h lbiZ (REG)
2
3
/
8
REG V-0.040 5 250.00 60.0804 62.4523 57.7085 55.3179 76.2 54.13 60.3 95.3 64.29 15.88
2
7
/
8
REG V-0.040 5 250.00 69.6054 71.9773 67.2335 64.8429 88.9 63.65 73.0 108.0 73.81 15.88
3
1
/
2
REG V-0.040 5 250.00 82.2927 84.6646 79.9209 77.5302 95.3 76.33 79.4 127.0 86.51 15.88
4
1
/
2
REG V-0.040 5 250.00 110.8677 113.2395 108.4958 106.1052 108.0 104.90 92.1 158.8 115.09 15.88
5
1
/
2
REG V-0.050 4 250.00 132.9441 135.9723 129.9157 128.1816 120.7 125.88 104.8 190.5 137.85 15.88
6
5
/
8
REG V-0.050 4 166.67 146.2481 149.2860 143.2103 143.0731 127.0 138.38 111.1 209.6 151.10 15.88
7
5
/
8
REG V-0.050 4 250.00 170.5491 173.5772 167.5209 165.7866 133.4 163.09 117.5 241.3 175.41 15.88
8
5
/
8
REG V-0.050 4 250.00 194.7311 197 7593 191.7027 187.9686 136.5 187.27 120.7 273.1 199.59 15.88
DZeb[ju ^ey rbjhdhijhoh^gh]h lbiZ (FH)
5
1
/
2
FH V-0.050 4 166.67 142.0114 145.0492 138.9736 138.8364 127.0 134.42 111.1 196.9 146.91 15.88
6
5
/
8
FH V-0.050 4 166.67 165.5978 168.6357 162.5600 162.4228 127.0 157.73 111.1 228.6 170.46 15.88
IJBF?Q:GBY:
1. Kf. Ijbeh`_gb_ D ih jZaf_jZf mklZj_\rbo kh_^bg_gbc, mdZaZgguo \ kdh[dZo \ wlhc lZ[ebp_.
2. DZeb[ju l_ `_ kZfu_ ^ey gmf_jh\Zgguo kh_^bg_gbc (NC) b ^ey mklZj_\rbo kh_^bg_gbc, dh]^Z hgb ihdZaZgu \ h^ghc kljhd_.
3. Kf. jbk. 24 b 25.
4. <k_ jZaf_ju \ fbeebf_ljZo ijb 20K, 1.1K, _keb g_ h[mkeh\e_gh ^jm]h_.
Z
<_ebqbgu \ dhehgdZo 5 b 6 ijbf_gyxlky lhevdh d ]eZ\guf, j_]bhgZevguf b wlZehgguf dhgljhevguf dZeb[jZf - ijh[dZf. <_ebqbgu \ dhehgd_ 8
ijbf_gyxlky lhevdh d jZ[hqbf dZeb[jZf - ijh[dZf. <_ebqbgu \ dhehgd_ 7 ijbf_gyxlky lhevdh d dhevp_\uf dZeb[jZf.
API SPEC 7:1997
134
F_ljbq_kdZy lZ[ebpZ 28. JZaf_ju j_av[h\uo dZeb[jh\ ^ey
jhlhjguo kh_^bg_gbc k aZie_qbdZfb
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Kj_a \iZ^bgu
NhjfZ j_av[u
KijZ\hqgh_
qbkeh \bldh\
gZ 25.4 ff RZ]
Dhgmkghklv
ff/f gZ
^bZf_lj
KijZ\hqgZy
\ukhlZ
j_av[u [_a
kj_aZ
<ukhlZ j_av[u kh
kj_ahf FZdkbfZevgh_ FZdkbfZevgh_ Kj_a \_jrbgu
p H h
g
f
rs
f
rn
f
cs
f
cn
V-0.038R 4 6.350 166.67 5.486527 2.577059
Z
1.355979 1.355979 1.553489 1.553489
V-0.038R 4 6.350 250.00 5.470627 2.565298
Z
1.355979 1.355979 1.549349 1.549349
V-0.040 5 5.080 250.00 4.376496 2.371928 1.002284 1.002284 1.002284 1.002284
V-0.050 4 6.350 250.00 5.470627 3.028163 1.221232 1.221232 1.221232 1.221232
V-0.050 4 6.350 166.67 5.486527 3.037967 1.224280 1.224280 1.224280 1.224280
IJBF?Q:GBY:
1. Ijb jZkq_l_ \ukhlu j_av[u b kj_aZ ke_^m_l ijbgbfZlv \h \gbfZgb_ \ebygb_ dhgmkghklb gZ mf_gvr_gb_ \ukhlu j_av[u ijb aZ^Zgghf rZ]_ ih
kjZ\g_gbx k \_ebqbgZfb ^ey lh]h `_ rZ]Z pbebg^jbq_kdhc j_av[u.
2. Kf. lZ[e. 29, 30 b 31 ih ^himkdZf \ dhehgdZo 3, 4, 6, 9 b 10.
3. Kf. jbk. 26.
4. <k_ jZaf_ju \ fbeebf_ljZo ijb 20K, 1,1K.
Z
JZaf_j h
8
^ey nhjfu j_av[u V-0.038R (dhehgdZ 6) g_evay bkihevah\Zlv ^ey jZkq_lZ gZjm`gh]h b \gmlj_gg_]h ^bZf_ljh\ ih ^bZf_ljm kj_^g_c
hdjm`ghklb, mdZaZgghfm \ lZ[e. 28 b 29, lZd dZd \_ebqbgu kj_aZ \_jrbgu b \iZ^bgu g_ jZ\gu.
F_ljbq_kdZy lZ[ebpZ 29. >himkdb gZ jZaf_ju wlZehgguo
dhgljhevguo dZeb[jh\
DZeb[j-ijh[dZ Dhevp_\hc dZeb[j
We_f_gl >himkd We_f_gl >himkd
Kj_^gbc ^bZf_lj \ lhqd_ baf_j_gby
Z
: <gmlj_ggbc ^bZf_lj \ lhqd_ baf_j_gby 0.05
JZaf_ju 6
5
/
8
b NC50 b f_g__ 0.010 RZ]
b
:
JZaf_ju 7
5
/
8
b NC56 b [he__ 0.013 JZaf_ju hl 2
3
/
8
^h 5
1
/
2
b hl NC23 ^h
NC50
0.012
GZjm`guc ^bZf_lj \ lhqd_ baf_j_gby 0.05 JZaf_ju 6
5
/
8
b NC56 b [he__ 0.018
>bZf_lj ijb]hghqghc ieZklbgu 0.38 Dhgmk
k,d
:
RZ]
b
: L
rg
3
1
/
2
b dhjhq_ +0.010 -0.030
JZaf_ju 6
5
/
8
b NC50 b f_g__ 0.010 L
rg
hl 3
5
/
8
^h 4 +0.010 -0.036
JZaf_ju 7
5
/
8
b NC56 b [he__ 0.013 L
rg
hl 4
1
/
8
^h 4
1
/
2
+0.010 -0.041
Dhgmk
k
: L
rg
hl 4
5
/
8
^h 5 +0.010 -0.045
L
rg
3
1
/
2
b dhjhq_ +0.010 -0.000 L
rg
hl 5
1
/
8
^h 5
1
/
2
+0.010 -0.051
L
rg
hl 3
5
/
8
^h 4 +0.013 -0.000 L
rg
hl 5
5
/
8
^h 6 +0.010 -0.056
L
rg
hl 4
1
/
8
^h 4
1
/
2
+0.015 -0.000 Iheh\bgZ m]eZ ijhnbey j_av[u 15 min.
L
rg
hl 4
5
/
8
^h 5 +0.018 -0.000 >ebgZ L
rg
0.8
L
rg
hl 5
1
/
8
^h 5
1
/
2
+0.020 -0.000 Kj_a \_jrbgu:
L
rg
hl 5
5
/
8
^h 6 +0.023 -0.000 JZaf_ju 6
5
/
8
b NC50 b f_g__ 0.0305
Iheh\bgZ m]eZ ijhnbey j_av[u 7min. JZaf_ju 7
5
/
8
b NC56 b [he__ 0.0318
>ebgZ L
pg
2.4 GZjm`guc ^bZf_lj D
R
0.4
Kj_a \_jrbgu: >bZf_lj jZaa_gdh\db Q 0.38
JZaf_ju 6
5
/
8
b NC50 b f_g__ 0.0305 GZly] ijb khijy`_gbb S 0.03
JZaf_ju 7
5
/
8
b NC56 b [he__ 0.0318
IJBF?Q:GBY:
1.Kf. jbk. 24.
2. <k_ jZaf_ju \ fbeebf_ljZo ijb 20K, 1.1K.
Z
Ijb hij_^_e_gbb ^bZf_ljZ kj_^g_c hdjm`ghklb ihijZ\dZ gZ m]he kibjZeb g_ mqblu\Z_lky.
b
FZdkbfZevgh ^himklbfZy hrb[dZ rZ]Z f_`^m ^\mfy \bldZfb, eb[h khk_^gbf, eb[h jZa^_e_ggufb jZkklhygb_f, g_ ij_\urZxsbf ihegmx ^ebgm
j_av[u fbgmk ih h^ghfm iheghfm \bldm k dZ`^h]h dhgpZ.
k
AgZq_gby L
rg
i_j_qbke_gu \ lZ[e. 27, dhehgdZ 10.
d
Kj_^gbc dhgmk dhevp_\h]h dZeb[jZ kgZ[`_g hljbpZl_evguf ^himkdhf gZ dhgmk k p_evx fbgbfbabjh\Zlv \ZjbZpbb gZly]Z ijb \aZbfghc aZf_g_
\ke_^kl\b_ hrb[db rZ]Z.
API SPEC 7:1997
135
F_ljbq_kdZy lZ[ebpZ 30. >himkdb gZ jZaf_ju ]eZ\guo b
j_]bhgZevguo dhgljhevguo dZeb[jh\
DZeb[j -ijh[dZ Dhevp_\hc dZeb[j
We_f_gl >himkd We_f_gl >himkd
Kj_^gbc ^bZf_lj \ lhqd_ baf_j_gby
Z
0.005 <gmlj_ggbc ^bZf_lj \ lhqd_ baf_j_gby 0.05
RZ]
b
: RZ]
b
:
JZaf_j hl 2
3
/
8
^h 3
1
/
2
\dexqbl_evgh 0.005 JZaf_j hl 2
3
/
8
^h 3
1
/
2
\dexqbl_evgh 0.008
JZaf_j hl 4 ^h 8
5
/
8
\dexqbl_evgh 0.008 JZaf_j hl 4 ^h 8
5
/
8
\dexqbl_evgh 0.010
Dhgmk
k
+0.010 Dhgmk
k,d
-0.015
+0.003 -0.030
Iheh\bgZ m]eZ ijhnbey j_av[u (fbgmlu) 5 Iheh\bgZ m]eZ ijhnbey j_av[u (fbgmlu) 10
>ebgZ L
pg
2.4 >ebgZ L
rg
2.4
Kj_a \_jrbgu 0.0284 Kj_a \_jrbgu 0.028
GZjm`guc ^bZf_lj D
R
0.4
>bZf_lj jZaa_gdh\db Q 0.38
GZly] ijb khijy`_gbb S 0.03
IJBF?Q:GBY:
1. Kf. jbk. 24.
2. <k_ jZaf_ju \ fbeebf_ljZo ijb 20K, 1.1K.
Z
Ijb hij_^_e_gbb ^bZf_ljZ kj_^g_c hdjm`ghklb ihijZ\dZ gZ m]he kibjZeb g_ mqblu\Z_lky.
b
FZdkbfZevgh ^himklbfZy hrb[dZ rZ]Z f_`^m ^\mfy \bldZfb, eb[h khk_^gbfb, eb[h jZa^_e_ggufb jZkklhygb_f, g_ ij_\urZxsbf ihegmx
^ebgm j_av[u fbgmk ih h^ghfm iheghfm \bldm k dZ`^h]h dhgpZ.
k
AgZq_gby L
rg
i_j_qbke_gu \ lZ[e. 27, dhehgdZ 10.
d
Kj_^gbc dhgmk dhevp_\h]h dZeb[jZ bf__l hljbpZl_evguc ^himkd gZ dhgmkghklv k p_evx fbgbfbabjh\Zlv baf_g_gby gZly]Z ijb \aZbfghc aZf_g_
\ke_^kl\b_ hrb[db rZ]Z.
F_ljbq_kdZy lZ[ebpZ 31. >himkdb gZ jZaf_ju jZ[hqbo dZeb[jh\
DZeb[j-ijh[dZ Dhevp_\hc dZeb[j
We_f_gl >himkd We_f_gl >himkd
Kj_^gbc ^bZf_lj \ lhqd_ baf_j_gby
Z
: <gmlj_ggbc ^bZf_lj \ lhqd_ baf_j_gby
0.05
JZaf_ju 6
5
/
8
b NC50 b f_g__
0.010
RZ]
b
:
JZaf_ju 7
5
/
8
b NC56 b [he__
0.013
JZaf_ju hl 2
3
/
4
^h 5
1
/
2
b hl NC23 ^h NC50
0.015
GZjm`guc ^bZf_lj \ lhqd_ baf_j_gby
0.05
JZaf_ju 6
5
/
8
b NC56 b [he__
0.018
>bZf_lj ijb]hghqghc ieZklbgu
0.38
Dhgmk
k,d
:
RZ]
b
: L
rg
3
1
/
2
b dhjhq_
-0.010 -0.036
JZaf_ju 6
5
/
8
b NC50 b f_g__
0.010
L
rg
hl 3
5
/
8
^h 4
-0.010 -0.041
JZaf_ju 7
5
/
8
b NC56 b [he__
0.013
L
rg
hl 4
1
/
8
^h 4
1
/
2
-0.010 -0.046
Dhgmk
k
: L
rg
hl 4
5
/
8
^h 5
-0.010 -0.051
L
rg
3
1
/
2
b dhjhq_
+0.015 -0.000
L
rg
hl 5
1
/
8
^h 5
1
/
2
-0.010 -0.056
L
rg
hl 3
5
/
8
^h 4
+0.018 -0.000
L
rg
hl 5
5
/
8
^h 6
-0.010 -0.061
L
rg
hl 4
1
/
8
^h 4
1
/
2
+0.020 -0.000
Iheh\bggZ m]eZ ijhnbey j_av[u
+15 fbg
L
rg
hl 4
5
/
8
^h 5
+0.023 -0.000
>ebgZ L
rg
2.4
L
rg
hl 5
1
/
8
^h 5
1
/
2
+0.025 -0.000
Kj_a \_jrbgu:
L
rg
hl 5
5
/
8
^h 6
+0.028 -0.000
JZaf_ju 6
5
/
8
b NC50 b f_g__
0.0305
Iheh\bgZ m]eZ ijhnbey j_av[u
7fbg.
JZaf_ju 7
5
/
8
b NC56 b [he__
0.0318
>ebgZ L
pg
2.4
GZjm`guc ^bZf_lj D
R
0.4
Kj_a \_jrbgu: >bZf_lj jZaa_gdh\db Q
0.38
JZaf_ju 6
5
/
8
b NC50 b f_g__
0.0305
GZly] ijb khijy`_gbb S
0.03
JZaf_ju 7
5
/
8
b NC56 b [he__
0.0318
IJBF?Q:GBY:
1.Kf. jbk. 25.
2. <k_ jZaf_ju \ fbeebf_ljZo ijb 20K, 1.1K.
Z
Ijb hij_^_e_gbb ^bZf_ljZ kj_^g_c hdjm`ghklb ihijZ\dZ gZ m]he kibjZeb g_ mqblu\Z_lky.
b
FZdkbfZevgh ^himklbfZy hrb[dZ rZ]Z f_`^m ^\mfy \bldZfb, eb[h khk_^gbfb, eb[h jZa^_e_ggufb jZkklhygb_f, g_ ij_\urZxsbf ihegmx
^ebgm j_av[u fbgmk ih h^ghfm iheghfm \bldm k dZ`^h]h dhgpZ.
k
AgZq_gby L
rg
i_j_qbke_gu \ lZ[e. 27, dhehgdZ 10.
d
Kj_^gbc dhgmk dhevp_\h]h dZeb[jZ bf__l hljbpZl_evguc ^himkd gZ dhgmkghklv k p_evx fbgbfbabjh\Zlv baf_g_gby gZly]Z ijb \aZbfghc aZf_g_
\ke_^kl\b_ hrb[db rZ]Z.
API SPEC 7:1997
136
F_ljbq_kdZy lZ[ebpZ G-1. Dhfi_gkbjh\Zggu_ agZq_gby ^ebgu
j_av[u b ^bZf_lju rZjbdh\uo dhglZdlh\ ijb baf_j_gbyo
iZjZee_evgh gZdehgm dhgmkZ
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
NhjfZ j_av[u Dhgmkghklv,
ff/f
Qbkeh \bldh\ gZ
25.4 ff
RZ],
ff
>ebgZ j_av[u
(iZjZee_evgh hkb
j_av[u), ff
Dhfi_gkbjh\ZggZy ^ebgZ
(iZjZee_evgh gZdehgm
dhgmkZ), ff
>bZf_lj
rZjbdh\h]h
dhglZdlZ, ff
V-0.038R 166.67 4 6.350 25.4 25.48814 3.66
V-0.038R 250.00 4 6.350 25.4 25.59761 3.66
V-0.040 250.00 5 6.350 25.4 25.59761 2.92
V-0.050 250.00 4 6.350 25.4 25.59761 3.66
V-0.050 166.67 4 6.350 25.4 25.48814 3.66
V-0.065 .166.67 4 6.350 25.4 25.48814 3.66
V-0.076 125.00 4 6.350 25.4 25.44953 3.66
H-90 166.67 3
1
/
2
7.257 50.8 50.97628 5.1316
H-90 250.00 3
1
/
2
7.257 50.8 51.19522 5.1316
SL-H90 104.17 3 8.467 25.4 25.43454 5.9868
IJBF?Q:GB?. Ohly \ ^Zgghf ijbeh`_gbb j_dhf_g^mxlky baf_j_gby lhevdh dhgmkZ b rZ]Z, ijb\h^bfu_ agZq_gby ^bZf_ljh\ rZjbdh\uo
dhglZdlh\ fh]ml [ulv lZd`_ bkihevah\Zgu ^ey hij_^_e_gby dhglZdlguo lhq_d ijb bkihevah\Zgbb gZ fbdjhkdhi_ k p_evx baf_j_gby m]eZ ijhnbey
j_av[u beb ijh\_jdb nhjfu j_av[u, _keb wlh `_eZl_evgh, aZ bkdexq_gb_f lh]h, qlh dhglZdlu ^ey nhjfu j_av[u V-0.040 ^he`gu [ulv kj_aZgu
qlh[u ba[_`Zlv khijbdhkgh\_gby kh \iZ^bghc j_av[u. Ijb baf_j_gbb \ukhlu j_av[u dhglZdlu baf_jbl_ey \ukhlu ^he`gu bf_lv dhgbq_kdmx
nhjfm, k \gmlj_ggbf m]ehf 50 ]jZ^mkh\ b jZ^bmkhf 0.0508 fbeebf_ljZ \ \_jrbg_ dhgmkZ.
API SPEC 7:1997
137
F_ljbq_kdZy lZ[ebpZ I-1. MklZj_\rb_ [mjbevgu_ aZfdb k
dhgmkgufb aZie_qbdZfb b ijyfhm]hevgufb aZie_qbdZfb
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
;mjbevguc aZfhd AZie_qbd
Dhgmkgu
_
Ijyfhm]hevgu_
H[hagZq_gb_
[mjbevgh]h
aZfdZ
Z
JZaf_j b
lbi
[mjbev-
ghc
ljm[u
Ghfb-
gZev-
gZy
fZkkZ
[mjbev
-ghc
ljm[u
b
, d]/f
GZjm`g
uc
^bZf_lj
gbii_ey
b fmnlu
aZfdZ,
0.8
<gmlj_g
gbc
^bZf_lj
gbii_ey
b fmnlu
aZfdZ
k
,
+0.4
0.8
>bZf_lj
gbii_ey gZ
\ukZ^d_
we_\ZlhjZ,
fZdkbfZev
guc
>bZf_lj
nZkdb
aZie_qbdZ
gbii_ey b
fmnlu,
0.4
H[sZy
^ebgZ
gbii_ey
[mjbev-
gh]h
aZfdZ,
+6.4
9.5
<ukhlZ
f_klZ
^ey
mklZgh\-
db
dexqZ gZ
gbii_e_,
6.4
<ukhlZ
f_klZ
^ey
mklZgh-
\db
dexqZ
gZ
fmn_,
6.4
Dhf[b-
gbjh-
\ZggZy
^ebgZ
gbii_ey
b
fmnlu,
12.7
>bZf_lj
fmnlu
gZ
\ukZ^d_
we_\Z-
lhjZ,
fZdkb-
fZevguc
>bZf_lj
fmnlu
gZ
\ukZ^d_
we_\Z-
lhjZ,
fZdkb-
fZevguc
JZ^bmk
r_cdb
we_\Z-
lhjZ,
0.4
D d D
PE
D
F
L
P
L
PB
L
B
L D
TE
D
SE
R
SE
MklZj_\rb_ kh_^bg_gby. Rbjhdhijhoh^ghc lbi (FH)
3
1
/
2
FH
_
3
1
/
2
IU 19.81 117.5 54.0 93.7 113.9 273.1 177.8 241.3 419.1 93.7 92.1 4.8
3
1
/
2
FH
_
3
1
/
2
IU 23.09 117.5 54.0 93.7 113.9 273.1 177.8 241.3 419.1 93.7 92.1 4.8
4 FH (NC40) 4 IU 20.85 133.4 71.4 106.4 127.4 292.1 177.8 254.0 431.8 106.4 104.8 6.4
4
1
/
2
FH 4
1
/
2
IU 24.73 146.1 76.2 119.1 140.5 279.4 117.8 254.0 431.8 119.1 117.5 6.4
4
1
/
2
FH 4
1
/
2
IEU 29.79 146.1 76.2 119.1 140.5 279.4 177.8 254.0 431.8 119.1 117.5 6.4
5
1
/
2
FH
f
5
1
/
2
IEU 32.62 177.8 101.6 144.5 170.7 330.2 203.2 254.0 457.2 144.5 144.5 6.4
5
1
/
2
FH
f
5
1
/
2
IEU 36.79 177.8 101.6 144.5 170.7 330.2 203.2 254.0 457.2 144.5 144.5 6.4
JZ\ghijhoh^ghc lbi (IF)
2
3
/
8
IF (NC26) 2 3/8 EU 9.91 85.7 44.5 65.1 82.9 228.6 152.4 177.8 330.2 65.1
2
7
/
8
IF (NC31) 2 7/8 EU 15.49 104.8 54.0 81.0 100.4 241.3 152.4 203.2 355.6 81.0 81.0 4.8
3
1
/
2
IF (NC38) 3
1
/
2
EU 19.81 120.7 68.3 98.4 116.3 279.4 177.8 241.3 419.1 98.4 98.4 4.8
3
1
/
2
IF (NC38) 3
1
/
2
EU 23.09 127.0 68.3 98.4 116.3 279.4 177.8 241.3 419.1 98.4 98.4 4.8
4 IF (NC46) 4 EU 20.85 146.1 82.6 114.3 140.5 292.1 177.8 254.0 431.8 114.3 114.3 6.4
4
1
/
2
IF (NC50) 4
1
/
2
EU 24.73 Std 155.6 95.3 127.0 154.0(150.4) 292.1 177.8 254.0 431.8 127.0 127.0 6.4
4
1
/
2
IF (NC50) 4
1
/
2
EU 24.73 Opt 158.8 95.3 127.0 154.0(150.4) 292.1 177.8 254.0 431.8 127.0 127.0 6.4
4
1
/
2
IF (NC50)
d
5 IEU 29.05 Std 161.9 95.3 130.2 154.0(150.4) 292.1 177.8 254.0 431.8 130.2 130.2 6.4
4
1
/
2
IF (NC50)
d
5 IEU 29.05 Opt 165.1 88.9 130.2 154.0(150.4) 292.1 177.8 254.0 431.8 130.2 130.2 6.4
IJBF?Q:GBY:
1. Kf. jbk. 6.
2. <k_ jZaf_ju \ fbeebf_ljZo.
3. >bZf_lju r_cdb (D
J?
, D
TE
b D
S?
) b \gmlj_ggb_ ^bZf_lju (d) [mjbevguo aZfdh\ i_j_^ k\Zjdhc hij_^_eyxlky ba]hlh\bl_e_f. < lZ[ebp_ \ur_
mklZgh\e_gu jZaf_ju ihke_ hdhgqZl_evghc f_oZgbq_kdhc h[jZ[hldb maeZ.
4. Ih jZaf_jZf gmf_jh\Zgguo kh_^bg_gbc (NC) kf. lZ[e. 7.
5. >bZf_lj nZkdb, mdZaZgguc \ kdh[dZo, y\eyeky ijhba\hevguf ^ey ba]hlh\bl_e_c ^h bxgy 1986 ]h^Z, dh]^Z [ueh ijbgylh \ dZq_kl\_ klZg^ZjlZ
agZq_gb_ 154.0. IJ?>HKL?J?@?GB? IHEVAH<:L?EYF - \ j_amevlZl_ lZdh]h ijhba\heZ j_dhf_g^m_lky ^ey ij_^hklhjh`hklb ijh\_jylv, qlh
khijy`_ggu_ kh_^bg_gby NC bf_xl lZdhc `_ ^bZf_lj nZkdb.
Z
H[hagZq_gb_ [mjbevgh]h aZfdZ (dhehgdZ 1) mdZau\Z_l lbi b jZaf_j ijbf_gy_fh]h kh_^bg_gby. <_ebqbgu \ kdh[dZo g_ y\eyxlky qZklvx
h[hagZq_gby jZaf_jZ ^ey kh_^bg_gbc gmf_jh\Zggh]h lbiZ. Hgb mdZauZxl gZ \aZbfhaZf_gy_fhklv wlbo [mjbevguo aZfdh\, dh]^Z hgb ijb\Zj_gu d
[mjbevghc ljm[_, bf_xs_c lZdhc `_ lbi, jZaf_j b fZkkm. Kf. Ki_pbZevgh_ ijbf_qZgb_.
b
GhfbgZevgu_ fZkku, j_av[u, b fmnlu (dhehgdZ 3) ihdZaZgu ^ey p_e_c b^_glbnbdZpbb ijb aZdZa_.
c
JZaf_ju hl\_jklbc (dhehgdZ 5) g_ ijbf_gyxlky d hl\_jklbyf fmnlh\uo we_f_glh\ [mjbevguo aZfdh\ lbiZ REG, dhlhju_ hij_^_eyxlky
ba]hlh\bl_eyfb.
d
Kh_^bg_gb_ NC50 (4
1
/
2
IF) k gZjm`guf ^bZf_ljhf 161,9 b 165,1 ff bkihevam_lky k 5-^xcfh\hc [mjbevghc ljm[hc IEU ^ey h[jZah\Zgby
dhgkljmdpbb, ba\_klghc beb dZd 5-^xcfh\Zy k\_joijhoh^gZy beb 5-^xcfh\Zy ihemijhoh^gZy.
_
<gmlj_ggbc ^bZf_lj (dhehgdZ 5) rbjhdhijhoh^gh]h [mjbevgh]h aZfdZ 3
1
/
2
(FH) [ue baf_g_g hl 61.9 gZ 54.0 ff \ ijbeh`_gbb G \ fZ_ 1979,
ljb^pZlv \lhjh_ ba^Zgb_ l_ogbq_kdbo mkeh\bc 7.
f
< 1979 rbjhdhijhoh^ghc [mjbevguc aZfhd 5
1
/
2
FH [ue aZgh\h mklZgh\e_g dZd iheguc klZg^Zjl \ lZ[e. 4.2. JZaf_ju [ueb khojZg_gu a^_kv, lZd
qlh ijbeh`_gb_ I ijh^he`Z_l hklZ\Zlvky _^bgkl\_ghc kkuedhc gZ jZaf_ju ijyfhm]hevgh]h aZie_qbdZ (Kf. jbk. 6).
API SPEC 7:1997
138
F_ljbq_kdZy lZ[ebpZ 1-1. JZaf_ju mklZj_\rbo jhlhjguo
kh_^bg_gbc k aZie_qbdZfb
l 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Ghf_j beb
jZaf_j
kh_^bg_gby
NhjfZ
j_av[u
Qbkeh
\bldh\
gZ gZ
25,4 ff
Dhgmkghklv,
ff/f gZ
^bZf_lj
Kj_^gbc
^bZf_lj
j_av[u \
lhqd_
baf_j_gby
GZjm`gbc
^bZf_lj
gbii_ey
>bZf_lj
eukdb gZ
gbii_e_
Z
,
0.4
<gmlj_ggb
c ^bZf_lj
gbii_ey
>ebgZ
gbii_ey,
+0 3.2
Fbgb-
fZevgZy
^ebgZ
j_av[u
fmnlu
k
=em[bgZ
fmnlu
k
,
+9.5 -0
JZaa_gdh
\dZ
fmnlu,
+0.8 -0.4
K D
L
D
LF
D
S
L
PC
L
BT
L
BC
Q
K
MklZj_\rb_ jZaf_ju ba^_ebc, Rbjhdhijhoh^ghc (FH) lbi
3
1
/
2
FH V-0.040 5 250.0 94.8436 101.45 77.62 95.3 98.4 111.1 102.8
4 FH
Z
V-0.065 4 166.7 103.4288 108.71 105.56 89.66 114.3 117.5 130.2 110.3
4
1
/
2
FH V-0.040 5 250.0 115.1128 121.72 96.32 101.6 104.8 117.5 123.8
JZ\ghijhoh^ghc (IF) lbi
2
3
/
8
IF
Z
V-0.065 4 166.7 67.7672 73.05 69.85 60.35 76.2 79.4 92.1 74.6
2
7
/
8
IF
Z
V-0.065 4 166.7 80.8482 86.13 82.96 71.32 88.9 92.1 104.8 87.7
3
1
/
2
IF
Z
V-0.065 4 166.7 96.7232 102.01 98.83 85.06 101.6 104.8 117.5 103.6
4 IF
Z
V-0.065 4 166.7 117.5004 122.78 119.61 103.73 114.3 117.5 130.2 124.6
4
1
/
2
IF
Z
V-0.065 4 166.7 128.0592 133.35 130.43 114.30 114.3 117.5 130.2 134.9
5
1
/
2
IF V-0.065 4 166.7 157.2006 162.48 141.33 127.0 130.2 142.9 163.9
IJBF?Q:GBY:
1. Ih jZaf_jZf gmf_jh\Zgguo kh_^bg_gbc (NC) kf. lZ[e. 25.
2. Kf. jbk. 20.
3. <k_ jZaf_ju \ fbeebf_ljZo.
Z
Kh_^bg_gby gmf_jh\Zggh]h lbiZ (NC) \aZbfhaZf_gyfu k kh_^bg_gbyfb, bf_xsbfb lZdhc `_ ^bZf_lj kj_^g_c hdjm`ghklb \ lbiZo FH b IF. Kf.
10.3.
b
JZaf_j D
LF
b jZ^bmk 1.57 ff \ hkgh\Zgbb gbii_ey (kf. jbk. 20) y\eyxlky klZg^Zlgufb ^ey mly`_e_gguo [mjbevguo ljm[ b ijhba\hevgufb ^ey
ba]hlh\bl_e_c ^jm]bo we_f_glh\ [mjbevguo dhehgg.
k
L
BT
y\ey_lky ^ebghc j_av[u fmnlh\hc qZklb ijb baf_j_gbb hl k\bg]_ggh]h aZie_qbdZ ^h i_j_k_q_gby g_ gZoh^ys_cky ih^ ^Z\e_gb_f [hdh\hc
klhjhgu ijhnbey j_av[u k \_jrbghc ihke_^g_]h \bldZ j_av[u k iheghc ]em[bghc.
F_ljbq_kdZy lZ[ebpZ D-1. JZaf_ju dZeb[jh\ ^ey mklZj_\rbo
jhlhjguo kh_^bg_gbc k aZie_qbdZfb
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
JZaf_j
NhjfZ
j_av[u
Qbkeh
\bldh\
gZ gZ
25,4
ff
Dhgmk-
ghklv,
ff/f gZ
^bZf_lj
Kj_^gbc
^bZf_lj
\ lhqd_
baf_j_-
gby
15.88
Z
GZjm`gb
c
^bZf_lj
\ lhqd_
baf_j_g
by 15.88
Z
<gmlj_ggb
c ^bZf_lj
\ lhqd_
baf_j_gby
15.88
Z
Kj_^gbc
^bZf_lj
\ lhqd_
baf_j_-
gby
34.93
Z
H[sZy
^ebgZ
dZeb-
[jZ -
ijh[d
b
>bZf_lj
ih^]hgq ghc
ieZklbgu
^ey dZeb[jZ
- ijh[db
H[sZy
^ebgZ
dhevp_-
\h]h
dZeb[jZ
GZjm`-
guc
^bZf_lj
dhevp_\h-
]h
dZeb[jZ
>bZ-
f_lj
jZaa_g
-dh\db
GZly]
ijb
khijy-
`_gbb
L
p
L
R
D
R
Q S
MklZj_\rb_ jZaf_ju dZeb[jh\, Rbjhdhijhoh^ghc (FH) lbi dZeb[jh\
3
1
/
2
FH V-0.040 5 250.00 94.8436 97.2155 92.4718 90.0811 95.3 88.87 79.4 139.7 99.06 15.88
4 FH (NC40) V-0.065 4 166.67 103.4288 105.8083 101.0493 100,2538 114.3 95.83 98.4 149.2 107.67 15.88
4
1
/
2
FH V-0.040 5 250.00 115.1128 117.4847 112.7409 110.3503 101.6 109.14 85.7 165.1 119.33 15.88
JZ\ghijhoh^ghc (IF) lbi dZeb[jh\
2
3
/
8
IF (NC26) V-0.065 4 166.67 67.7672 70.1467 65.3877 64.5922 76.2 60.17 60.3 106.4 71.98 15.88
2
7
/
8
IF (NC31) V-0.065 4 166.67 80.8482 83.2277 78.4687 77.6732 88.9 73.25 73.0 130.2 85.06 15.88
3
1
/
2
IF (NC38) V-0.065 4 166.67 96.7232 99.1027 94.3437 93.5482 101.6 89.13 85.7 142.9 100.94 15.88
4 IF(NC46) V-0.065 4 166.67 117.5004 119,8799 115.1209 114.3254 114.3 109.91 98.4 165.1 121.72 15.88
4
1
/
2
IF (NC50) V-0.065 4 166.67 128,0592 130.4387 125.6797 124.8842 114.3 120.47 98.4 181.0 132.28 15.88
5
1
/
2
IF V-0.065 4 166.67 157.2006 159.5801 154.8211 154.0256 127.0 149.61 111.1 212.7 161.42 15.88
IJBF?Q:GBY:
1. Ih jZaf_jZf gmf_jh\Zgguo kh_^bg_gbc kf. lZ[e. 27.
2. DZeb[ju l_ `_ kZfu_ ^ey gmf_jh\Zgguo kh_^bg_gbc (NC) b ^ey mklZj_\rbo kh_^bg_gbc, dh]^Z hgb ihdZaZgu \ h^ghc kljhd_.
3. Ih l_ogbq_kdbf mkeh\byf gZ dZeb[ju kf. JZa^_e 12.
4. Kf. jbk. 24.
5. <k_ jZaf_ju \ fbeebf_ljZo ijb 20K.
Z
<_ebqbgu \ dhehgdZo 5 b 6 ijbf_gyxlky lhevdh d dZeb[jZf - ijh[dZf. <_ebqbgu \ dhehgdZo 7 b 8 ijbf_gyxlky lhevdh d dhevp_\uf dZeb[jZf.
API SPEC 7:1997
139
IJBEH@?GB? N.
DHGLJHEV IHDMI:L?EY (IH @?E:GBX)
N.1 Ba\_s_gb_ h dhgljhe_
?keb dhgljhe_j ihdmiZl_ey \ujZabl `_eZgb_ ijbkmlkl\h\Zlv ijb
ijhp_kk_ ijhba\h^kl\Z beb ijh\_klb bkiulZgby h[hjm^h\Zgby,
g_h[oh^bfh \u^Zlv khhl\_lkl\mxs__ ba\_s_gb_ h \j_f_gb
ba]hlh\e_gby beb ijh\_^_gby dhgljhey.
N.2 Dhgljhev
Ijb \uiheg_gbb jZ[hl ih dhgljZdlm ihdmiZl_ey _]h dhgljhe_j
bf__l ijZ\h k\h[h^gh]h ^hklmiZ \ ex[h_ \j_fy b \ ex[h_ f_klh
\uiheg_gby ba]hlh\bl_e_f jZ[hl, hlghkysboky d ijhba\h^kl\m
aZdZaZgguo fZl_jbZeh\. Ba]hlh\bl_ev ^he`_g ij_^hklZ\blv dhgljhe_jm
\k_ ijb_fe_fu_ l_ogbq_kdb_ kj_^kl\Z, iha\heyxsb_ _fm m[_^blvky, qlh
fZl_jbZeu ba]hlZ\eb\Zxlky \ khhl\_lkl\bb k gZklhysbfb l_ogbq_kdbfb
mkeh\byfb. <k_ jZ[hlu ih dhgljhex ^he`gu ijh\h^blvky gZ f_kl_
ba]hlh\e_gby i_j_^ hl]jmadhc, _keb ^jm]h_ g_ h[mkeh\e_gh \ aZdZa_
ihdmiZl_ey, b lZdbf h[jZahf, qlh[u g_ kha^Z\Zlv [_a g_h[oh^bfhklb
ihf_ob ijhba\h^kl\_gghfm ijhp_kkm.
N.3 Hl[jZdh\dZ
?keb g_ h[mkeh\e_gh ^jm]h_, fZl_jbZe, ihdZau\Zxsbc gZebqb_
^_n_dlh\ ijb dhgljhe_ beb ihke_ ijb_fdb gZ aZ\h^_ ba]hlh\bl_ey, beb
hdZaZ\rbcky ^_n_dlguf \ ijhp_kk_ ijZ\bevghc wdkiemZlZpbb, fh`_l
[ulv hl[jZdh\Zg, k ba\_s_gb_f h[ wlhf ba]hlh\bl_ey. ?keb [ueb
ijh\_^_gu bkiulZgby k jZajmr_gb_f fZl_jbZeZ, b dZdh_-eb[h ba^_eb_
ihdZaZeh g_m^h\e_l\hjbl_evgh_ khhl\_lkl\b_ lj_[h\Zgbyf ^Zgguo
l_ogbq_kdbo mkeh\bc, hgh ^he`gh [ulv hl[jZdh\Zgh. JZkihjy`_gb_ h[
API SPEC 7:1997
140
bkihevah\Zgbb hl[jZdh\Zgguo fZl_jbZeh\ y\ey_lky h[t_dlhf
kh]eZr_gby f_`^m ba]hlh\bl_e_f b ihdmiZl_e_f.
N.4 Khhl\_lkl\b_
Ba]hlh\bl_ev g_k_l hl\_lkl\_gghklv aZ khhl\_lkl\b_ ba^_ebc \k_f
lj_[h\Zgbyf gZklhysbo l_ogbq_kdbo mkeh\bc. IhdmiZl_ev fh`_l
\uihegblv ex[h_ bkke_^h\Zgb_, g_h[oh^bfh_ ^ey ijh\_jdb \uiheg_gby
ba]hlh\bl_e_f mkeh\bc khhl\_lkl\by, b fh`_l hl[jZdh\Zlv ex[hc
fZl_jbZe, g_ khhl\_lkl\mxsbc lj_[h\Zgbyf ^Zgguo l_ogbq_kdbo
mkeh\bc.
N.5 Jhlhjgu_ kh_^bg_gby k aZie_qbdZfb
Ijb_fdZ jhlhjguo kh_^bg_gbc k aZie_qbdZfb ^he`gZ
ijhba\h^blvky \ khhl\_lkl\bb k ^Zggufb l_ogbq_kdbfb mkeh\byfb,
dhlhju_ ij_^hklZ\eyxl \hafh`ghklv \uiheg_gby lsZl_evgh]h dhgljhey
kh_^bg_gbc \ khklhygbb ihke_ f_oZgbq_kdhc h[jZ[hldb. Khklhygb_
ih\_joghklb, g_h[oh^bfh_ ^ey ijh\_^_gby lhqguo baf_j_gbc, ^he`gh
[ulv h[_ki_q_gh ^h ijh\_^_gby ihke_^mxsbo hi_jZpbc h[jZ[hldb,
gZg_k_gby ihdjulbc, ljZgkihjlbjh\db, i_j_]jmadb, ojZg_gby b l.^.,
dhlhju_ fh]ml baf_gblv khklhygb_ ih\_joghkl_c, g_h[oh^bfuo ^ey
lhqguo baf_j_gbc.
IJBF?Q:GB?. G_h[oh^bfh ijh\_klb \bamZevguc dhgljhev
kh_^bg_gbc gZ gZebqb_ ih\j_`^_gbc, dhlhju_ fh]ml \hagbdgmlv \
ijhp_kk_ \ur_mihfygmlhc ihke_^h\Zl_evghklb hi_jZpbc i_j_^
i_j_^Zq_c kh_^bg_gbc \ wdkiemZlZpbx. LZdb_ ih\j_`^_gby h[uqgh
hq_gv g_\_ebdb b \ [hevrbgkl\_ kemqZ_\ ihijZ\bfu \ ij_^_eZo
g_h[oh^bfhklb ghjfZevghc wdkiemZlZpbb kh_^bg_gbc.