, ..

,
,

, , 2002

 615.47 + 61().:. 18-089.27

. . , . .
. ,
-- M . : K i i i i r a .-. 2002.

216 .

\'(') lip<',l('i;ili ' |. ]|("|\'('1

, .\, ])( ;1{' :> ,

. v .
-., , , , ,
. :
.. . , [ rei ...

, 105023, . , / 12.
04320 20.03.2001
1.02.2002. 70\90\32.
. 5000 . 6415

,
143200, . , . , 93.
,
:

, , 6, . 217
. : -(095) 933 10 7(>,
mail: bookplus@gu.kiev.ua

, . , 27 ,
. : -(1038044) 24fi 8054
, . 8-(095) 9.31 8248, mail: vivanoff@mtu-net.ru
, . , 3 (. ).
, i
(3432) 30-71-91, mail: uralmedkniga@r66.ru

ISBN 5- 93268 - 006- 7

0 J1.A. , .. , 2002
" ", 2002

............................................................ 6
.......... 7
................................... 15

....................................................... 23
.....................................23

............................................... 30

............................................................... 31

........................................................ 35
........... 36
,
......................... 38
.................................................... 38
- ................................. 39
.................................................... 42
- ............................................ 43
........................................ 47
......... 49

.........................................................52

........................................................................... 54

............................... 55
,
........................................................................ 56

.......................... 61
.......................... 64
.................. 68

................................................ 73
step-back ( )............................... 75
,
step-back ............................. 76

 ............................. 77

step-down crown down

( ) ...................... 80
............................. 80

step-down () .............................. 81
-

(double-flared) .............................................................82

(balanced forces) .........................................................82
,
......................................................................84

(Profiles, Maillefer) ................................... 84

(GTRotary files, Maillefer) ... 89

(, Maillefer) ........ 9/

Lightspeed ..................................................... 92

FlexMaster (VDW, Antaeos) ......................... 93

Ouantec series 2000 (Analytic) .................... 94

HERO 642 (High Elasticity in Rotation,
Micro-Mega) .................................................................. 96

(Kerr)......................................................... 97

........ 99
........ 134

..................................................................... 134
.......... 135
-.............. 136
... 138
........................... 139
............... 142
.................................. 143
() .............................. 143

....... 148
................................................ 150
...... 50

....................................... 155

....... 156

................................................................... 156

................................................................. 159
-
............................................. 160

- ........................ 161

Quickfill ......................... 162

..................................... 162

.................................................................... 162

................................................................. 163

Thermafil Soft-Core .................................... 163

SuccessFil .................................................................... 165

() ................ 165

,
................................. 166

...................................................... 167
................................ 167

............................................ 175

,
....................... 184
...................................................... 197


, ,
, (J.L. Gutmann).
,
.
.

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, .

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.

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2. .
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Schmreker).

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2-3 ,
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13. .
,
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)
, 0,25
.
,
2-3
,
.
14. (
-
,
).

Walton, -

11

12
, 20" .

, .
: .
15.

- .
16.
. ,


,
(, ), 5
.
.
. :
;

,
;
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(

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(50 ), 30 .

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13

14

15

,
.
,
. . .

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,
.
(16371680)

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17
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,
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,
.
(), ()
(). , ,
. : , , (),
, ,
,
.

16
, - , (
),
0,5-1,0 . ,
.

.
- foramen apicale - . .
, - , .
(
5 ), .

,
L2

L1

L2

. 2.
: L1 () ; L2
()

. 3.
Weine (1976)

.

2.
3
(Weine, 1976). . I . II
: , . III
.
IV , .
, , .
,
, ,
. . 2-6415

17

22

(.1). . 1
.

. ,
- , , , ,
. , . 1,
. .
,
. ,
,
.

23

! ,
(. ?

1950 . 1976 .
ADA Specification No. 28 for endociontic files
and reamers, , , ,
. 1981.
,
ISO 3630, 106

(ISO/
106).

ISO
3630

:
, , , ,

241

. 4. .
D, - ;
D2=D,+ 0,32MM; L,= 16 ; =21, 25, 28, 31

, .


. 4.
, , 16 .
( ) : ) 25
; ) 31(28)
,
, ; ) 21
, ,
.

18, 19, 20, 22, 24, 25, 26, 28

(. 5).

. 5. 18, 19, 20, 22, 24

25

.

(. 6).
( )
06 140.
10,

0,05 .
:
) ,
,
(. 7,, , ): 06 , 08
, 10 , 15 40, 45 80 85
140 (, ,
, , , ); )
(
-

. 6. ()
()

26 _________________________________________________

, .., . 7,).
( -- 12, 17, 22,
27, 32 37), ,
.
(Golden mediums) ,
02 (,
12, 10, ,
, ). .
. , Tulsa Dental
Prod, ProFiles .04 taper
Series 29.
0,05

. 7. : (), ()
(); ()

27

, 29 V . ,
ISO,
. , ( ) 00 () -- 0,060, 0 () - 0,077,
1 () - 0,100, 2 () - 0,129, 3 () - 0,167, 4 () - 0,216, 5 () 0,279, 6 () 0,360, 7 () - 0,465, 8
() 0,600, 9 () - 0,77.5, 10 () - 1,000, 11 () 1,293. ProFiles. 04 taper Series 29.
(, )
0,32 (0,02 1 ).
1 (
Weinc).
,
0,02 1 (Micro-opener, Profiles,
GT-files, Quantec series 2000 ), ,
, . (), ().
,

, .

( , ).

28

ISO
:
1- ( ),
(), , , ,
( );
2- - - , ;
3- - Gates-Glidden (G-),
Peeso (-), -, D-, -, , -, -;
4- , , .

. , ,
:
1.
:
, ;
;
.
2. :
();
;


;

;
.
3.
.
4. :
Gates-Glidden;
- Peeso (Largo);

(orifice opener (widener);

Beutelrock 1 ( Bl ) ;
Beutelrock 2 (2);
(Orifice Bur B.Wolfsonn (Union
Broach), Ambler, Krause (Busch),
Maillefer);
- ;
.
5. :
( -,
-, , -,
, );
(, -, --, --, , heliapical , , -, -,
, , S-,
-,
);
: ,

, , ,

, ;
;
;
.
6. :
;
;
;

.
7. :
;

29

30 ________________________________________________

;
;
;
;
-;

;
-
;
.
, ,
, (
. reamer - , , ), ,
, ( . fi l e ). , , .

.
,
.

(
) , (Batt- ) (. 8).
, , Endo-Z
(Maillefer), Endo-Eze (Lfltradent), -

31

. 8.
.

.


,
, .
()
,
, ,
.

,
'(. 9, ),
(. 9, ) ,

:'

33

. 11.
9.

(. 9, ).
(.
9, ),
.
,
.
, - (
Thermafil Soft-Core).
, ,
. -

. 10.
4 , -

.

,
.
,
20 (
).
.

()

, . ( )
(. 10).
. ,
Maillefer - , - , -
.
,
(. ). ^& w. T OL ^&. ^ ^^ ^ , -

34

.
12.
-- P. Guldener(a) --,)

. 13. J. Pheulpin

(.
12). , (. 13).


, .

(barbed (nerv)broash) 40
1/2
(. 14,). :

.
, , 0,05 (0,020.04 ). - 10
(10,5 ), 1 -
0,01 . .
(rat-tail-file, rasp) (. 14,6),

. ,
.

.
.14.

35

361

Gates-Glidden (gates-glidden drill,
reamer <<G.) (. gate ; glide )
; (.
15,). ( 450-800 /). ,
.
() .
15-19
; - 50 (), 70 (2), 90 (\%3),
(4), 130 (5), 150 (6).

Peeso (Largo) (peeso reamer) -

,
(. 15,6). (
800-1200 /)
.

, , ,
.
.
15-19 ; 70 (1), 90 \2),
(3), 130 (4), 150 (5), 170 (6).

1) - (
) (. 15,).
(
800-1200 /
). - 11 , 70 90 (1), 90 100
(2), 110 120 (3), 130 140 (4), 150
160 (5), 170 180 (6).
Beutelrock 2 (2) (Beutelrock drill
reamer 2) ,

(. 15,). ,
( - 450-800 , ). . 18 . : 30 (0), 35 (1), 45
(2), 60 CNb3), 75 (4), 90 (5), 105 (6).

(orifice opener

(widener)).
(. 15,). , (
). ,
. 3 3
(14, 15 16 ). Orifice Opener MB
(Maillefer).
Beutelrock 1 (Bl) (Beutelrock reamer

. 15.

37

381

\3{

. 16. Ambler () Krause ()

.
Orifice Bur (Union Broach) Bertram
Wolfsonn 28
1,6 ,
Gates-Gl iciden.
Ambler, Krause (Busch, . 16) .
Maillefer Peeso .

-
, , Profile orifice shapers, GT Rotary
files. 12 (Maillefer) Pow-K .06, .08
Taper Coronal Shapers, Rapid body shapers (RBS)
(Moyco Union Broash). , .

. ,
( ,
). (

, )
. 40
, 45-140 (

).
75.
- (K-reamer). -,
20" (. 17,). () 17 5
( 0,28-0,80 1 ).

(),
(), (,
).
1, 4-1/2
;
1 / 4 .
- .
- (K-file). -,
40" (. 17,6).
() , -, 33 8 ( 0,881,97 1 ), -. (-), . .
.

-
- () (K-flex, flexicut-file; . flex
, ). ,
.

40 ________________________________________________

.

,
(. 17,).

-- (flex-R-file, R -
Roane, Moyco Unoin Broach).
() ,
. -

. 17. -

141

, . . Onyx-R
file (Moyco Unoin Broach) - . --

.
() (K-flexof'ile,
K-flexoreamer) -
,
15 (. 17,).
Batt. 15 40.

24 26. - F.
(farcide)
,
, , . 06 15, - 15 18 .
(deepstar) - , ,
20 60. Maillefer.
(pathfinder, . path ,
finder , ) , . , .
-- 19, 21 25 . : 1 - 06 08
( 06, 08); 2 08
10 ( 08, - 10).
. CS (CS
Carbon Steel) .
Micro-Opener (Maillefer) - - (4 % 6 %
ISO 2 %) (10 15),
(. 18). -

. 18. Micro-Opener

.
(nitiflcx, Ni-Ti-K-file , ) , -
( , 1:1),
. , .
. 15-60.
.
.
- ,
(3-4 ). . ISO
. 25 , 20 70.

31 14. , , . ,
, ,
. , .
, 1 /4 . 1
, - .
-- . .
-
(Ergofle.x. FKG, SET) - (FKG) (SET) -
.
-. (Canal
Finder System). , (. 19).
(

- (H-file, H
Hedstroem).

(. . 17,).

.
60",

. 19.
- () - ()

43

44

45

,
, -) (. 20).
( Flextrom, FKG)
- ,
(. 21).
() ,
( ). , (
).
- ( ) (safety Hfile) - - ,
, ( -

. 20. - () - (). - ( ),
; . -
, , ( ), -

. 21. ( )

) (. 17,).
(Unifile) -, ( S, . 22, ).

, 90" ( , -),
, .
- (flex X file, Hygenic)
Unifile , 90,
.
S- (Sendoline AB) Unifile,

I
. 22. :
-; S-; ;

461_ _______________________
(. 22, ).

,
.
90" , .
S- (S-finder) ~~ (18
21 ) S- . .
(Helifile, MicroMega; . helix
. . helikos , ) - , (. 22, ).
Heli-Apical
(4-5 ). Heligirofile,
Giromatic Heliosonic -
Sonic Air Mecasonic.
- ,
. - Microdebrider (Maillefer, 20 30, . 23,
), FKG 8 80

. 23. : Micro-debrider
(Maillefer); FKG

147

(. 23, ).
, , .

Turbo-File (Sultan Chemists), Dynatrac, SET-

H-File - .

(rasp, rat-tail-file, . rattail - ). , 50 1/3
, (. 14,6). , , ( 0,03 ,
- 10,5 , 1 -
0,016 ).
.
U-. , U- ,

( ), , (. 17, ). ISO
. U- - Profiles, GT
Rotary Files, GT profiles,
Lightspeed ( , ).
Canal master. 1-2

0,75 .
Canal master U-.
60
.
.


49

48

(flexogate). -

,


Gates-Glidden . :
,
, . . 25-50.


,
.
(. 24),

.
. 25 .
, , , -

. 24. Flexobend

. 25. Clean-Stand

-
.

:.
,
. .

. :
1- - ( 300-800 /).
5 Gates Glidden, Peeso, Beutelrock 1 2,
Canal master, , . .
, , ;
2- - -
( )
90'.
;

50

151

3- -
0,3-1,0 ;

(. 26).
1- NiTiMatic
(), MM 10E (), Tri Auto
ZX J. Morita ().
2- Giromatic
( 1964 .), Endo-Cursor ( ),
Endo-Lift () (
), Endo Gripper (Moyco), EndoEze (Ultradcnt). Giromatic
: Giro-pointer
( - orifice opener
16 ), Giro-broach (, ), Giro-file ( ), Giro-reamer(), Heligirofile (,
. 26. ,

).
Endo-Eze (S1 .025', SC - .035/13, S2 -.045, 13, S3 - . 060/13).
, Canal Leader: Canal Leader T-l (Siemens) w Canal-leader 2000 (SET, ).
-
90" (30) 0,40,8 .
. - .
(Canal finder system, SET, ),
0,3-1,0 .
,

.
Canal master -
.

VV&H Excalibur, 20
000-25 000 /. -.
- ( Tri Auto
ZX J. Morita, ).

=1

( 1500-6500 ) (
20 000-30 000 ) . ,
.

(
100 )
(

1 , . 27).
,
,
1500 Sonic air
(MicroMega,

Midwest, - 1500 ), 1400 Mecasonic (MicroMega, , ,

- 1500-3000 ),
Endostar. : Helisonic
( Trio Sonic Triocut)
- -. 27. , , -,
Rispisonic Shaper (Sonic)
( - _ ) } .

|53

Shaper
(. 28).

: . - (NaOCl).
,
,
.
-
( ).
20.

.

.
-.
28. , _.,,
1.

,
:
RispiSonic;
ShaperSonic; HelioSonic ,
(TnoSonic, Triocut)
.

54J

155

1967 ., 7
,
.

.
( 308 )
.
(Nd:YAG, 1,06
) , ,
,
.


,

. 29.
()
()

.
(. 29).
(EnYAG, 2,94 )
,
,
.
,
.

, , .

.

.

( )
. -
NaviTip (Ultradent),
, ,
,
, , .
(Moyko Union

56 ________________________________________________

157

.
100-200 /. .

( Hawes. 30.

broach) , - . - (. 30).
, , - .
, . ,
.


(. 9) , .

.

Neos) , .

( , . 32).
( ,
spreader; . spreader , ) - , () (. 31, ). (finger
spreader) ,
( ) (handle spreader)
.
,
, .

(paste fi l l e r , root f i l l e r
L). Lentulo 1928 . (. 31,).

,
.
-

.31. ,

58|

159

. 33.

. 32.
(), ()

:
,
(.33).
( ,
, plugger; . plug )
,
(. 31, ). (finger plugger)
, (hendle
plugger) . .

(,
, heat-carrier plugger) - (. 31, ). : , , .
- (gutta-condensor) -
(. 31,6).
8000-10000 . . ,
.

.
,

McSpadden

,
. Zipperer .

EZ-fill
,

(. 34).
. 34. EZ-fill

30

I61

. 35.

(. 35)
-
Thermafil, Soft-Core
.
Inject-R Fill (Moyco Union Broach) , !!

(. 36).
Endotec System
( ),
Thermafil Soft-Core,
Obtura Ultrafil,

.
- .
.

. 36. Inject-R Fill

Qui quaerit, repent

.
:
1.
- , ,
, .
2. ,

:
) ;
) -
;
)
;
)

.
3.

.
4. .

- ,

.
, -

621

___________________

, .
, ,
.
, - .
( ), .
, .


. ,
.

,


.
, .

.
, .
. .
-

I
163

,
.
.

.
.
37.

6.

,] 1
6vpHOe

"

,
, .

( ), ,
,
(. 37).

.
, 2/3 .

64

M.Dolecki

. ,
,
.
, , , ( , )
.
(3%
,
.), (0,01%),
(), ( ).

(NaOCl).
,
, , 2, (1~, ~, ). -

65

^ - , , . . : . :
, .

H.Dakin 1915 .
. 1920 .
1 Crane). 5,25 %, 2,6 %, 1 % 0,5 %
. NaOCI '' ,
( , ) ,
' . 21"iOC
37".
.

;: 30 "
. :: 3 % , , .

. ( )
.
-

66

.

,
,
, .
, , ,
,
. .
- -- . .
10-20 % .
Calcinase (Lege Artis,
,,), Edetat (Pierre Holland, -
15% ), EDTA
solution 17 % (Pulpdent), Endodilatator (Moyco Union
Broach - 15% ), File eze (Ultradent," 19 % ), Largal ultra (Septodont, 15 %
).
, , .
Canal+ (Septodont,
), Chela-Jen gel (Jendental,

15 %
), RC-prep (Premier Dental Prod. - 15 %
10 % ), HPU 15 (Spad),
(-), - (). Slide
(Moyco Union Broach) 10 %
.

67

681___________________________

()

,

(Nicholls, 1967).

(
,
)
.
.
: ; ;
, ( );
,
(. 38); 15-20 (
)
-

69

,
(. 39)
.
:


.

1 .



.
. 38.
4
'
-
: - - , ;

5.

.


' .
.

1 .

8. . 39. - ,

9
,
- ,
!"
. -
''/ ,

---, -

\
, 1, a l,,} ,

70

71

. 40. () ()
() ( F. Weine)

2 - (. 40). . 1030" ) .
(Sunada L., 1962).
.

.
,
,

, , , ( ). , , , (. 41).

.
(, , NaOCl) -

. . ,
Root ZX J.Morita ()
,
, . , Tri Auto ZX J. Morita.
:
-
( );

(
,

,
);

(
);
- ,
.

. 41.

73

72
. , :
- ;
-
;
;
;
;
;
;
- ;
(NaOCl, ,
, ) (
).
:
;
-- ;
;

;
-

.
, .

,
, ,
.

S.F.Schwartz
... II, ,
, -.
.
15-50 ( ).
,
.
:
1.



;

74

), .
2.
.
3.
.
4.
.
5.
( ),

.
6. .

,
, , (Stip-),

. ,
(-, -), , , 3:1
.
.

( ).

.

75

:
1. - -,

, .
.
2. - - -,
-
.
-
.
, , initial apical file (IAF),
, , -- apical master file (AMF),
( ) , , final file (FF).
, step-back (
-
),
step-down ( - --
) .

step-back ( )
. Mullaneu (1979) B.G. Tidmarsh
(1982).
,
-

76

177

( )
.

(
), .
,
. ,
, .
,
step-back
1. .
2.
(

).
3.
( - Gly-Oxide, File-Eze, K-Y J e l l y
). ,
,
,
,
,
.
[Canal+ (Septodont), HPU 15 (Spad),
RC-prep (Premier)].
4.
(Watch-Winding),

2-3

. 1 .
5.
,
,
( )
.
6. (
) .


(08-10 ) - ,

.
,
. .

()
( ). 25 ( ,
) (.
12). , , 25, 1-2
.
: 10-15-10-20-15-25-20.
25 30, -

78 j ____________________________

1
.

. 42. - (25) step- back

.
30
35,
2 , 40 3
.. (. 43).
. 43.
,
step-back
- (.
44). Gates Glidden (. 45).
(5,25%) 5-10 .

79

1 , 0,5,
1,5,2,0 . ,

,
-.
44. step
back
.


08.


3
. . 45.

-
0
stepback _.

,
, - , .

80

step-down crown down (

)
crown down (Marshall F.J., Pappin
J. , 1980). :
, ,
,
.
.
,
, , , .

,
npe-Gates-:
35
. 16 .
, .
.
,

. Gates-Glidden 1 2 (
80).
30, -

81

. ( ) 25
. ( 3 )
. , 30, 40.
. 50 - ,

25. - 30-35. : 3.5 ( ,
Hi ) 30 ( ) - 25 ( ) 20 (
) - 15 ( ). , 15 , : 40 ( )
35 ( ) - 30 ( ) - 25 ( ).
25 , ,
- 50.
,
,
().

, ( , ).

step-down ()
Goerig ., Michelich R.J., Schultz
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.., .., .. . // . 1999. N51. - . 2832.
. //
. - 1996. - 4. - 30-38.
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.., .., .. // . -1996. - 5. - . 17-19.
.. Roeko // . - 2001. 2. - . 35-37.
. : // . -1998. 1. -. 14-18.
- XXI //. - 1998. 3.-. 26-28.
.. . - .: , 1990. - 256 .
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.., .. . - 1: ", 2001. - 144 .
.., .., 6.., ! .. i KICTKOBO'I
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, .. , // . - 1998. - 1. - . 22-23.
B.C., .., .8. . - .: , 1984. -224 .
.. . .: , 1991. - 288 .
.. : 2- / . . .-.: - , 1998.
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. // .
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// . -1999. - 2. - . 44-47.
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., ., . : - . - .:
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199
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.., .. // . - 2001. - 6. - . 54-60.
.., .., .., Q.A. // . - 2001. 6. - . 46-53.
.., .., ..
"Sankin Apatite Root Sealer" // . -1999.
- 10. - . 27-30.
.., ..
// .-1999. - 5. ~ .6-11.
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.., .., .. .
- : ', 1986. - 200 .
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.., .., .. // . - 1999. - 4. - . 34-35.
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.., .., .. // . - 1989. - 2. - . 84-87.
.. . - , 2000. - 368 .
.., .. . II //
. - 1998. - 4. - . 12-16.
.., .. // . -1998. - 2. - . 18-22

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.., .- I // . - 1998. - 3. - . 8-12.
.., . . "" ""
- // .-1999. - 1. - .3-10.
A.M. : // . - 1999- - 1. - . 20-23.
A.M. // . -1998. - 4. - . 3235.
A.M. // . - 1998. - 2. - . 32~39.
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// . - 2000 - 1 - . 2529.
A.M., ..
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A.M. -! - 1 1!
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.. . // . - 1997. - 4. - . 12-15.
.., ! 1.., .. . //
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.., .., ..
( -): 1. - , 1999. - 40 .
.., .., ..
( -): 2-3. - , 1999. - 40 .
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A.M.
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/ .., .., ..,
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. ()
// . - 2001. - 2. - . 41 -44.

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.., .., A.M. -* --: , 1995.-256 .

.., .., .. // . - 1997. - 2. - . 12-14.
.., .. Pieson-master 400
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