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ðåäåëèòü íàëè÷èå ñòåíîòè÷åñêèõ èçìåíåíèé, äèâåð- Ïðè îòñóòñòâèè ýôôåêòà îò ñîâðåìåííîãî ëå÷åíèÿ ÿç-
òèêóëîâ. Íåîáõîäèìî èñïîëüçîâàòü ïðåöèçèîííóþ õè- âåííîé áîëåçíè âûïîëíÿåòñÿ àíòàöèäíàÿ èäåàëüíàÿ
ðóðãè÷åñêóþ òåõíèêó. Äóîäåíîòîìèÿ ïðîâîäèòñÿ ïî- îïåðàöèÿ ñåëåêòèâíàÿ ïðîêñèìàëüíàÿ âàãîòîìèÿ, ãà-
ïåðå÷íî ÷åðåç ïåðôîðàòèâíîå îòâåðñòèå. Ïîñëå ðå- ðàíòèðóþùàÿ â ïîäàâëÿþùåì áîëüøèíñòâå ñëó÷àåâ
âèçèè ñòåíêè ÄÏÊ èç ïðîñâåòà ïðîâîäèòñÿ ýêîíîìíîå (97%) âûçäîðîâëåíèå áåç ðàçâèòèÿ ïîñòâàãîòîìè÷åñ-
èññå÷åíèå êðàåâ ÿçâû â ïðåäåëàõ 4 ñëîåâ ïîä òùàòåëü- êèõ ñèìïòîìîâ.
íûì êîíòðîëåì áåç ïîâðåæäåíèÿ åñòåñòâåííûõ ñôèíê- ËÈÒÅÐÀÒÓÐÀ
òåðîâ: áîëüøîãî äóîäåíàëüíîãî ñîñî÷êà è ïðèâðàòíè-
1. Àôåíäóëîâ Ñ. À., Æóðàâëåâ Ã. Þ., Êðàñíîëóöêèé Í. À. Ëå÷å-
êà. Çàäà÷åé õèðóðãà ÿâëÿåòñÿ ðàäèêàëüíîå è ïðåäåëü- íèå ïðîáîäíîé ÿçâû. Ì., 2005. 166 ñ.
íî ýêîíîìíîå èññå÷åíèå ðóáöîâî-ÿçâåííîãî ïîëÿ, óñò- 2. Âîëêîâ Å. Þ. Ïåðôîðàöèÿ ãèãàíòñêîé ÿçâû äâåíàäöàòè-
ðàíåíèå ñòåíîòè÷åñêîé äåôîðìàöèè, îáÿçàòåëüíîå ñî- ïåðñòíîé êèøêè // Êëèíè÷åñêàÿ õèðóðãèÿ. 1992, ¹ 8. Ñ. 4244.
õðàíåíèå êðîâîñíàáæåíèÿ è èííåðâàöèè ïèëîðè÷åñêî- 3. Êîìàðîâ Á. Ä., Ìàòþøåíêî À. À., Êèðèåíêî À. È. Ïðîáîä-
ãî æîìà, ðåâèçèÿ çàäíåé ñòåíêè ÄÏÊ äëÿ èñêëþ÷åíèÿ íàÿ ÿçâà æåëóäêà è äâåíàäöàòèïåðñòíîé êèøêè // Ðóêîâîäñòâî ïî
çåðêàëüíûõ ÿçâ, âûïîëíåíèå äóîäåíîïëàñòèêè ñ îáÿçà- íåîòëîæíîé õèðóðãèè îðãàíîâ áðþøíîé ïîëîñòè / Ïîä ðåä. Â. Ñ.
òåëüíûì îáåñïå÷åíèåì ôèçè÷åñêîãî è áèîëîãè÷åñêî- Ñàâåëüåâà. Ì., 2004. Ñ. 303326.
ãî ãåðìåòèçìà àíàñòîìîçà. Òîëüêî ïðè ñîáëþäåíèè 4. Êóðáîíîâ Ê. Ì., Íàçàðîâ Á. Î. Õèðóðãè÷åñêàÿ òàêòèêà ïðè
ïåðôîðàòèâíûõ ãàñòðîäóîäåíàëüíûõ ÿçâàõ, ñî÷åòàþùèõñÿ ñ ïå-
âñåõ âûøåïåðå÷èñëåííûõ óñëîâèé ìîæíî íàäåÿòüñÿ íà
íåòðàöèåé è ñòåíîçîì // Õèðóðãèÿ. 2005, ¹ 12. Ñ. 3335.
óñïåõ. Íåñîñòîÿòåëüíîñòü âîçíèêëà òîëüêî â 1 ñëó÷àå,
5. Ïàíöûðåâ Þ. Ì., Ìèõàëåâ À. È., Ôåäîðîâ Å. Ä., ×åðíÿêå-
ïðè÷èíîé êîòîðîé áûëî íåïîëíîå èññå÷åíèå ðóáöîâî- âè÷ Ñ. À. Õèðóðãè÷åñêîå ëå÷åíèå îñëîæíåííîé ÿçâåííîé áîëåç-
ÿçâåííîãî ïîëÿ è íàëîæåíèå øâîâ ÷åðåç ðóáöîâûå, íè // 50 ëåêöèé ïî õèðóðãèè / Ïîä ðåä. Â. Ñ. Ñàâåëüåâà. Ì., 2003,
ðèãèäíûå, íåàäàïòèðîâàííûå ñòåíêè ÄÏÊ. Ñ. 248258.
Âòîðûì ýòàïîì ëå÷åíèÿ áîëüíûõ, ïåðåíåñøèõ äó- 6. Îíîïðèåâ Â. È. Ýòþäû ôóíêöèîíàëüíîé õèðóðãèè ÿçâåí-
îäåíîïëàñòèêó ïî ïîâîäó ïåðôîðàòèâíîé äóîäåíàëü- íîé áîëåçíè. Êðàñíîäàð, 1995. 295 ñ.
íîé ÿçâû, ÿâëÿåòñÿ âûïîëíåíèå ñåëåêòèâíîé ïðîêñè- 7. Onopriev V. I., Voskanyan S. E., Ponkina O. N. Surgical anatomy
ìàëüíîé âàãîòîìèè ÷åðåç 36 ìåñÿöåâ. of complicated duodenal ulcer and radical duodenoplasty. Krasnodar,
Äàííûé ïîäõîä ê ëå÷åíèþ ïåðôîðàòèâíîé ÿçâû ÄÏÊ 2006. 222 p.
ïîçâîëèë çíà÷èòåëüíî ñíèçèòü êîëè÷åñòâî ïîñëåîïå- V. I. ONOPRIEV, S. E. VOSKANYAN,
ðàöèîííûõ îñëîæíåíèé è ðåöèäèâà ÿçâû, ïðåäóïðå- I. B. UVAROV, A. N. PAHILINA, D. V. PAHILIN
äèòü ðàçâèòèå ñòåíîçà â çîíå îïåðàöèè, êðîâîòå÷åíèÿ
èç îñòàâëåííîé ÿçâû çàäíåé ñòåíêè. SURGICAL PATOMORPHOLOGY (GISTOTO-
POGRAPHY) OF PERFORATION ULCERS, AND
Âûâîäû TECHNOLOGICAL FEATURES OF RADICAL
Ìåòîä ðàäèêàëüíîé äóîäåíîïëàñòèêè ÿâëÿåòñÿ èäå- DUODENOPLASTY
àëüíûì ìåòîäîì óñòðàíåíèÿ îñëîæíåííîé ïåðôîðà- There were analised 147 clinical cases of patients
öèåé ÿçâåííîé áîëåçíè ÄÏÊ, òàê êàê ïîçâîëÿåò ïåðå- with perforation duodenal ulcer, who were treated
âåñòè îñëîæíåííóþ ÿçâåííóþ áîëåçíü â íåîñëîæíåí- in emergency hospital of Krasnodar. Gistotopogra-
íîå òå÷åíèå çàáîëåâàíèÿ, íå íàðóøàåò åñòåñòâåííûõ phy and patomorphology were researched during
ìåõàíèçìîâ æåëóäî÷íîãî ïèùåâàðåíèÿ è ñîçäàåò óñ- the operations. This researched was an obligatory
ëîâèÿ äëÿ ïðîâåäåíèÿ êîìïëåêñíîãî îáñëåäîâàíèÿ è and basic stage of operation. By these results the
óñòàíîâëåíèÿ ïàòîãåíåòè÷åñêèõ ôàêòîðîâ ðàçâèòèÿ ÿç- method of duodenoplasty was defined as optimal.
Â. È. ÎÍÎÏÐÈÅÂ, Ã. Ê. ÊÀÐÈÏÈÄÈ,
Â. Â. ÎÍÎÏÐÈÅÂ, Ñ. Ý. ÂÎÑÊÀÍßÍ, À. Ñ. ÁÀËÜßÍ
ÕÈÐÓÐÃÈ×ÅÑÊÀß ÏÀÒÎÌÎÐÔÎËÎÃÈß
(ÃÈÑÒÎÒÎÏÎÃÐÀÔÈß) ÎÑËÎÆÍÅÍÍÛÕ ÐÅÖÈÄÈÂÍÛÕ
ÐÀÍÅÅ ÓØÈÒÛÕ ÏÅÐÔÎÐÀÒÈÂÍÛÕ ßÇÂ
ÄÂÅÍÀÄÖÀÒÈÏÅÐÑÒÍÎÉ ÊÈØÊÈ. ÂÈÄÛ È ÒÈÏÛ
ÐÀÄÈÊÀËÜÍÎÉ ÏÈËÎÐÎÄÓÎÄÅÍÎÏËÀÑÒÈÊÈ
ÓÄÊ 616.344
3
4
Ðèñ. 2. Ðóáöîâûå ñðàùåíèÿ äèñòàëüíîé ïåòëè ïðèâðàòíèêà ïîñëå óøèâàíèÿ ïåðôîðàòèâíîé ÿçâû:
1. Àíòðàëüíûé îòäåë æåëóäêà. 2. Çîíà ïðèâðàòíèêà. 3. Ñòåíîòè÷åñêàÿ øïîðà.
4. Äèñòàëüíûé îòäåë ÄÏÊ. 5. Áîëüøîé ñàëüíèê. 6. Êðàé ïå÷åíè
íà ýòîé ñòàäèè îïðåäåëÿëî ñòåíîç íà óðîâíå óøèâà- íîãî î÷àãà ïðèâîäèò ê îáðàçîâàíèþ áîëüøîãî èíâàãè-
íèÿ. Äàëåå ïðè ïðîãðåññèðîâàíèè ÿçâû ñòåíîç óñèëè- íàòà ñ ïîñëåäóþùèì ôîðìèðîâàíèåì êîíòðëàòåðàëü-
âàåòñÿ ñåãìåíòàðíûì ìûøå÷íûì ñïàçìîì, êîòîðûé íîé øïîðû íà ïðîòÿæåíèè ïîâðåæäåííîãî ñåãìåíòà
ôîðìèðóåò øïîðó ñóæåíèÿ. Ìàêñèìàëüíàÿ âåëè÷èíà èç óäâîåííûõ ñêëàäîê ïðîòèâîïîëîæíûõ ñòåíîê ÄÏÊ,
ñêëàäêè-øïîðû îáðàçóåòñÿ íà ïðîòèâîïîëîæíîé ÿçâå ÷òî ñîçäàåò òðóá÷àòûé (òóáóëÿðíûé) ñòåíîç.
ñòåíêå. Ïðè «öåëóþùèõñÿ» ÿçâàõ âîçíèêàþò äâå äóï- Ðàñøèðåííûå ñòåíêè íàäñòåíîòè÷åñêîé ÷àñòè ëó-
ëèêàòóðû èç îáåèõ áîêîâûõ ñòåíîê, à òàê êàê óøèâàíèå êîâèöû ÄÏÊ ïîñòåïåííî íàäâèãàþòñÿ íà çîíó ñòåíîçà
ìîæåò çàõâàòûâàòü äâà-òðè óðîâíÿ ÄÏÊ, òî âòîðè÷íàÿ è ôèêñèðóþòñÿ ðóáöàìè ê ïîñòñòåíîòè÷åñêèì ñòåíêàì
ñóæàþùàÿ øïîðà ôîðìèðóåòñÿ èç äâóõ èëè äàæå òðåõ ÄÏÊ è îêðóæàþùèì ñòðóêòóðàì. Ïîñòåïåííî ôîðìè-
ñêëàäîê. Ïðè ñî÷åòàíèè ïåðôîðàöèè ñ ÿçâîé çàäíåé ðóåòñÿ äâîéíîé òóáóëÿðíî-êîíè÷åñêèé ñòåíîç ïî òèïó
ñòåíêè ýòîò ìåõàíèçì íàðóøàåòñÿ èç-çà ôèêñàöèè çàä- «÷åðíèëüíèöû-íåâûëèâàéêè», êîòîðûé íàðóøàåò ãàñò-
íåé ñòåíêè. Èç îêîëîïèëîðè÷åñêîãî êàðìàíà è ïèëî- ðîäóîäåíàëüíóþ ïðîõîäèìîñòü, çíà÷èòåëüíî óñêîðÿÿ
ðè÷åñêîé ñêëàäêè ñëèçèñòîé ôîðìèðóåòñÿ «øïîðà», äåêîìïåíñàöèþ æåëóäêà.
êîòîðàÿ âíåäðÿåòñÿ â òóáóëÿðíûé ñòåíîç ñâåðõó, óñè- Èøåìèÿ èíâàãèíàòîâ ìîæåò ïðèâåñòè ê èõ ÿç-
ëèâàÿ åãî è óñêîðÿÿ ïðîöåññ «äåêîìïåíñàöèè» ìîòîð- âåííîé äåñòðóêöèè ñ ïîñëåäóþùèì ïðîãðåññèðî-
íîé ôóíêöèè æåëóäêà. âàíèåì è ïåíåòðàöèåé ÿçâ â ïðèëåæàùèå âàæíûå
 ïðîöåññå äåêîìïåíñàöèè ïðèâðàòíèê ñòîéêî äè- àíàòîìè÷åñêèå ñòðóêòóðû. Ïðè ïðîãðåññèðîâàíèè
ëÿòèðóåòñÿ, ñêðûâàÿ ñâîè âíåøíèå îðèåíòèðû, ñëèâà- ïåíåòðàöèè óøèòîé ÿçâû ÄÏÊ íà óðîâíå èëè äèñ-
ÿñü íå òîëüêî ñ íàäñòåíîòè÷åñêîé ÷àñòüþ ëóêîâèöû, òàëüíåå áóëüáîäóîäåíàëüíîãî ñôèíêòåðà ïîâðåæ-
íî è ñ àíòðàëüíûì îòäåëîì æåëóäêà, ò. å. âîçíèêàåò äàþòñÿ: ïîäæåëóäî÷íàÿ æåëåçà, ãåïàòîäóîäåíàëü-
àíòðàëèçàöèÿ ïðèâðàòíèêà è ëóêîâèöû, à ñàì ñòåíîç íàÿ ñâÿçêà, õîëåäîõ, ïå÷åíü, æåë÷íûé ïóçûðü, îáî-
îøèáî÷íî ïðèíèìàåòñÿ çà ïðèâðàòíèê (ðèñ. 5). äî÷íàÿ êèøêà, çàäíÿÿ è ïåðåäíÿÿ ïàíêðåàòîäóîäå-
Øèðîêèé çàõâàò ïåðåäíåé ñòåíêè ëóêîâèöû è ïîñò- íàëüíûå àðòåðèè, à òàêæå ïðàâûå òîëñòîêèøå÷íûå
82 áóëüáàðíîé ÷àñòè ÄÏÊ ïðè áîëüøèõ ðàçìåðàõ ÿçâåí- ñîñóäû.
Ðèñ. 4. Ïîëíîå ñåêòîðàëüíîå ëèãàòóðíî-ÿçâåííîå ðàçðóøåíèå äèñòàëüíîé ìûøå÷íîé ïåòëè
ïðèâðàòíèêà. Îáùèé âèä ïîëíîãî ðàçðóøåíèÿ äèñòàëüíîé ìûøå÷íîé ïåòëè ÿçâîé:
1 (à è á) êîíöû ðàçðóøåííîé ÿçâîé äèñòàëüíîé ìûøå÷íîé ïåòëè ïðèâðàòíèêà.
Íàäñòåíîòè÷åñêàÿ äèëÿòàöèÿ äèñòàëüíîé è 2 ïðîêñèìàëüíîé ìûøå÷íîé ïåòëè
ïðèâðàòíèêà. Ðóáöîâàÿ äåôîðìàöèÿ ïðîêñèìàëüíîé ìûøå÷íîé ïåòëè ïðèâðàòíèêà;
3 øèðîêàÿ äóîäåíîòîìèÿ ÷åðåç ïåðåäíèå ñòåíêè ïñåâäîäèâåðòèêóëîâ.
4 òîðóñ ïðèâðàòíèêà
Ïîâòîðíàÿ ïåðôîðàöèÿ âñëåäñòâèå ïðèêðûòèÿ áîëü- ðàñïðîñòðàíÿþòñÿ íà áîêîâûå ñòåíêè, ÷àñòî âîçíèêà-
øèì è ìàëûì ñàëüíèêàìè ñ ïîñëåäóþùèì ðóáöîâûì þò íîâûå ÿçâû íà çàäíåé ñòåíêå ïî òèïó «öåëóþùèõ-
ïîäòÿãèâàíèåì äðóãèõ òêàíåé è ñòåíîê îðãàíîâ èñêëþ- ñÿ», êîòîðûå ïðè ïðîãðåññèðîâàíèè ñòàíîâÿòñÿ ãèãàí-
÷àåòñÿ, à ïåíåòðàöèÿ ìîæåò ïðîãðåññèðîâàòü äî ïåð- òñêèìè è ìîãóò ïåíåòðèðîâàòü â õîëåäîõ, ÁÄÑ, à òàê-
ôîðàöèè â ïîëîñòü âîâëå÷åííîãî îðãàíà â ðóáöîâîå æå ïîâðåæäàòü ìàãèñòðàëüíûå ñîñóäû ñ ðàçâèòèåì
ïîëå óøèòîé ÿçâû. Ïîñëå ðàçðóøåíèÿ ñàëüíèêà ÿçâà ïðîôóçíûõ êðîâîòå÷åíèé.
ìîæåò ïåíåòðèðîâàòü â ñòåíêó îáîäî÷íîé êèøêè, æåë- Ïðè ìîðôîëîãè÷åñêîì èññëåäîâàíèè óøèòûõ äóî-
÷íîãî ïóçûðÿ ñ îáðàçîâàíèåì âíóòðåííèõ äóîäåíî- äåíàëüíûõ ÿçâ âî âñåõ ñëó÷àÿõ îòìå÷àëèñü âûðàæåí-
òîëñòîêèøå÷íûõ è äóîäåíîïóçûðíûõ ñâèùåé, òàêèì íûå ôèáðîçíûå èçìåíåíèÿ íà óðîâíå âñåõ ñëîåâ ñòåí-
îáðàçîì îáðàçóþòñÿ íîâûå îñëîæíåíèÿ óøèòûõ ïðî- êè ÄÏÊ, ñ ãèñòèîëèìôîöèòàðíûìè èíôèëüòðàòàìè, àò-
áîäíûõ äóîäåíàëüíûõ ÿçâ. ðîôèåé æåëåç ñëèçèñòîé îáîëî÷êè è ïîäñëèçèñòîãî
Ðåöèäèâíûå ÿçâû áóëüáîäóîäåíàëüíîãî ñôèíêòå- ñëîÿ, ñî ñíèæåíèåì èõ ñåêðåòîðíîé ôóíêöèè, çàìå-
86 ðà è ïîñòáóëüáàðíûå ÿçâû ÷ðåçâû÷àéíî àãðåññèâíû, ùåíèå ìûøå÷íûõ ïó÷êîâ ñîåäèíèòåëüíîé òêàíüþ,
íàëè÷èå ýíäîàðòåðèèòîâ è ðåìîäåëèðîâàííûõ ñîñóäîâ. íèþ è óãðîæàþùèìè æèçíè îñëîæíåíèÿì, íåñìîòðÿ
Âîêðóã øîâíîãî ìàòåðèàëà îòìå÷àëàñü ãðàíóëåìàòîçíàÿ íà ñîâðåìåííîå ìåäèêàìåíòîçíîå ëå÷åíèå.
ðåàêöèÿ ñ íàëè÷èåì â ãðàíóëåìàõ ãèãàíòñêèõ ìíîãî- ËÈÒÅÐÀÒÓÐÀ
ÿäåðíûõ êëåòîê èíîðîäíûõ òåë (ðèñ. 6).
1. Îíîïðèåâ Â. È., Øàðàïîâà Å. Ã., Ïîíêèíà Î. Í. Õèðóðãè-
Îáîñòðåíèå õðîíè÷åñêîãî ïðîöåññà ïðîÿâëÿëîñü
êðîâîèçëèÿíèÿìè, ëåéêîöèòàðíîé èíôèëüòðàöèåé, ÷åñêàÿ ãèñòîòîïîãðàôèÿ îñëîæíåííûõ äóîäåíàëüíûõ ÿçâ // Îñ-
èíâàãèíàöèåé àðòåðèé, äåãåíåðàöèåé íåðâíûõ ñòâî- ëîæíåííûå ôîðìû ÿçâåííîé áîëåçíè äâåíàäöàòèïåðñòíîé êèø-
ëîâ, à òàêæå íàëè÷èåì ïàðàëèãàòóðíûõ àáñöåññîâ. êè (ýòèîëîãèÿ, ïàòîãåíåç, ïàòîìîðôîëîãèÿ, ïàòîôèçèîëîãèÿ,
Òàêèì îáðàçîì, â ìåõàíèçìå ôîðìèðîâàíèÿ ñòå- êëèíèêà, äèàãíîñòèêà, ëå÷åíèå). Êðàñíîäàð, 2002. Ñ. 322381.
íîòè÷åñêèõ ðóáöîâî-ñïàå÷íûõ äåôîðìàöèé ïîñëå 2. Îíîïðèåâ Â. È. Ýòþäû ôóíêöèîíàëüíîé õèðóðãèè ÿçâåí-
óøèâàíèÿ ïðîáîäíîé ÿçâû ðàçäåëÿåì: èñõîäíûå ÿç- íîé áîëåçíè. Êðàñíîäàð, 1995. 296 ñ.
âåííî-ñòåíîòè÷åñêèå äåôîðìàöèè, íå óñòðàíåííûå âî 3. Òêà÷åâ À. Â., Ïàñå÷íèêîâ Â. Ä., ×åðíîâ Â. Í. è äð. Îöåíêà
âðåìÿ ïåðâîé îïåðàöèè; ÿçâåííî-ñòåíîòè÷åñêèå äå-
îòäàëåííûõ ðåçóëüòàòîâ ýðàäèêàöèîííîé òåðàïèè è êà÷åñòâà
ôîðìàöèè, îáðàçîâàííûå çà ñ÷åò ãîôðèðîâàíèÿ ïå-
æèçíè ó áîëüíûõ ñ ÿçâåííîé áîëåçíüþ, îñëîæíåííîé êðîâîòå-
ðåäíåé ñòåíêè ÄÏÊ øâàìè ñ ïîñëåäóþùåé åå àëüòå-
ðàöèåé âñëåäñòâèå èøåìèè, ðåöèäèâà èëè ïðîãðåñ- ÷åíèåì èëè ïåðôîðàöèåé // Ðîññèéñêèé æóðíàë ãàñòðîýíòåðî-
ñèðîâàíèÿ íåçàæèâøåé ÿçâû. ëîãèè, ãåïàòîëîãèè è êîëîïðîêòîëîãèè. 2002. ¹ 6. Ñ. 4453.
Èíòðàîïåðàöèîííîå èññëåäîâàíèå ãèñòîòîïîãðà- 4. ßèöêèé Í. À., Ñåäîâ Â. Ì., Ìîðîçîâ Â. Ï. ßçâû æåëóäêà è
ôèè îñëîæíåííûõ ðåöèäèâíûõ ðàíåå óøèòûõ ïåð- äâåíàäöàòèïåðñòíîé êèøêè. Ì.: ÌÅÄïðåññ-èíôîðì. 2002. 376 ñ.
ôîðàòèâíûõ ÿçâ ÄÏÊ ïîêàçàëî ìíîãîîáðàçèå ëîêà- 5. Onopriev V. I., Voskanyan S. E., Ponkina O. N. Surgical anatomy
ëèçàöèè è ïðîòÿæåííîñòè ïîâðåæäåíèÿ ïðèâðàòíè- of complicated duodenal ulcer and radical duodenoplasty.
êà óøèâíûìè øâàìè è ëèãàòóðíî-ÿçâåííûì ïðîöåñ- Krasnodar, 2006. 222 p.
ñîì, ÷òî ïîçâîëèëî âûïîëíèòü ïðåöèçèîííîå õèðóð-
ãè÷åñêîå âìåøàòåëüñòâî îäíîâðåìåííî íà ëóêîâè- V. I. ONOPRIEV, G. K. KARIPIDI,
öå è ïðèâðàòíèêå, ïîëó÷èâøåå íàçâàíèå ïèëîðî- V. V. ONOPRIEV, S. E. VOSKANYAN, A. S. BALYAN
áóëüáîïëàñòèêà.
Ðàçëè÷àþò ìîñòîâèäíóþ è ñåãìåíòàðíóþ ïèëîðî- SURGICAL PATHOMORPHOLOGY (HISTO-
áóëüáîïëàñòèêó. Òåõíîëîãè÷åñêè ýòî ñëîæíåéøàÿ ïðî- TOPOGRAPHY) OF COMPLICATED, RECUR-
öåäóðà èç-çà îïàñíîñòè ÿòðîãåííîãî ïîâðåæäåíèÿ ïðè- RENT EARLY SUTURED PERFORATED UL-
âðàòíèêà, â ñâÿçè ñ ÷åì íåîáõîäèìî ïîñëîéíîå ïðå-
CERS OF DUODENUM. FORMS AND TYPES OF
ïàðèðîâàíèå ïèëîðîäóîäåíàëüíîãî ïåðåõîäà.
Îñíîâíûå ýòàïû ïèëîðîáóëüáîïëàñòèêè âêëþ÷àþò: PYLORODUODENOPLASTY
à) ñíÿòèå øâîâ íàðóæíîãî ðÿäà âìåñòå ñ óøèâ- It was performed morphological study (intraop-
íîé ðóáöîâî-ñïàå÷íîé ìàíòèåé, êîòîðàÿ ïðî÷íî erative and histological) of recurrent complicated
ôèêñèðîâàíà ê ñòåíêàì ëóêîâèöû ëèøü â çîíå øâîâ
îáîèõ ðÿäîâ è ïî êðàÿì ÿçâû, âûïîëíåíèå äåçèí- (by stenosis, bleeding, penetration) duodenal ulcers
âàãèíàöèè óøèâíîé øïîðû äî øâîâ ïåðâîãî ðÿäà, after isolated suture in 197 patients operated on in
ò. å. ÿçâû (ðèñ. 7); RCFSG in the last 20 years. On the background of
á) äóîäåíîòîìèÿ ÷åðåç ÿçâó ñ ïîñëåäóþùèì åå
stenosis of different forms and degree of appear-
èññå÷åíèåì ïî õîäó õèðóðãè÷åñêîãî ñëîÿ âìåñòå ñ
ïðîðåçàþùèìèñÿ øâàìè ïåðâîãî ðÿäà â ïðåäåëàõ ance some complications were observed they were
ñòåíêè ëóêîâèöû (ðèñ. 8); bleeding in 26,3% of patients, bleeding in combi-
â) îáíàæåíèå äèñòàëüíîé ìûøå÷íîé ïåòëè ïðè- nation with penetration in 23,2% of patients,
âðàòíèêà (ïèëîðîëèçèñ) íà ôîíå åå äèëàòàöèè;
gigantic ulcers in 29,8% of patients. The results of
ã) ïèëîðîáóëüáîïëàñòèêà ñ óêðûòèåì îáíàæåííîé
÷àñòè äèñòàëüíîé ìûøå÷íîé ïåòëè ïðèâðàòíèêà ïîä- intraoperative and histological investigations are
ñëèçèñòûì ñëîåì ïèëîðè÷åñêîãî êàíàëà ñ ïîìîùüþ evidence of method of perforated ulcers suture is not
ïðåöèçèîííûõ ñåðîçíî-ìûøå÷íî-ïîäñëèçèñòûõ øâîâ reliable since it doesnt remove initial stenosis of
(ðèñ. 9).
Ïðè ïîâðåæäåíèè äèñòàëüíîé ïåòëè ïðèâðàòíèêà, duodenal bulb and becomes intensified by 2 or 3 row
åãî òîðóñà, âîâëåêàþùèõñÿ â øâû íàèáîëåå ÷àñòî, pressurization and formation of suture spur and it
ðàçðàáîòàíû òåõíîëîãèè ïðåöèçèîííîãî ïëàñòè÷åñ- causes ischemia of tissue with the following recur-
êîãî âîññòàíîâëåíèÿ àíàòîìè÷åñêèõ ýëåìåíòîâ ïè-
rence of ulcer in the area of suture and away from
ëîðè÷åñêîãî æîìà (ðèñ. 10).
Âàðèàíòû ïèëîðîáóëüáîïëàñòèêè îáóñëîâëèâàëèñü: it, while suture occur iatrogenic impairment of
âî-ïåðâûõ, èñõîäíîé ëîêàëèçàöèåé ïåðôîðàòèâíîé functionally important structures of duodenum
ÿçâû ïî îêðóæíîñòè áàçàëüíîãî óðîâíÿ è ñòåïåíüþ (pylorus, major duodenal papilla, minor duodenal
ïåðâè÷íûõ ñòåíîòè÷åñêèõ äåôîðìàöèé; âî-âòîðûõ,
ñïîñîáàìè óøèâàíèÿ è øîâíûì ìàòåðèàëîì; â-òðåòü- papilla, common biliary duct, great vessels and
èõ, ñòåïåíüþ ðóáöîâî-ÿçâåííîé òðàíñôîðìàöèè ãàñò- nerves).
ðîäóîäåíàëüíîãî ïåðåõîäà ïðîãðåññèðóþùåé ÿçâîé, Histotopography data of recurrent sutured ul-
ò. å. ñðîêîì ñ ìîìåíòà óøèâàíèÿ, âåëè÷èíîé ðåöè-
cers allow to perform reconstructive intervention on
äèâíîé ÿçâû, ÷àñòîòîé åå ðåöèäèâîâ.
Óñòàíîâëåííûå îñíîâíûå ïàòîìîðôîëîãè÷åñêèå duodenal bulb preserving organs and removing all
ïðèçíàêè îñëîæíåííîé ðåöèäèâíîé ðàíåå óøèòîé complications that is provided by radical duodeno-
ïåðôîðàòèâíîé äóîäåíàëüíîé ÿçâû ñâèäåòåëüñòâóþò plastics.
î òîì, ÷òî óøèòûå ÿçâû èç-çà ïîâðåæäåíèÿ ïðèâðàò-
íèêà è ôîðìèðîâàíèÿ òóáóëÿðíûõ ñòåíîçîâ ñêëîííû Key words: sutured perforated ulcers of duode-
ê íåçàæèâëåíèþ, ðåöèäèâèðîâàíèþ, ïðîãðåññèðîâà- num, surgical anatomy, morphological investigation. 87