Acoustic LS-DYNA PDF

ISDYNA Version 971 2O1 (IRIQUINCY_DOMAIN)
Purpose: The keyword *IRIQUINCY_DOMAIN provides a way of defining and solving

frequency domain vibration and acoustic problems. The keyword cards in this section are defined
in alphabetical order:
OPTION

2O2 (IRIQUINCY_DOMAIN) ISDYNA Version 971
OPTION}OPTION}
Available options include:

Purpose: Use boundary element method in frequency domain for acoustic problems. This
Keyword is only used if the option BIM = in the ISDYNA run command is used:
ISDYNA I= BIM=
Card 1 1 2 8 4 5 b 7 8
Variable RO C IMIN IMAX NIRIQ DTOUT TSTART PRII
Type I I I I I I I I
Default none none none none O O O O
Remark 1 2
Card 2 1 2 8 4 5 b 7 8
Variable NSIDIXT TYPIXT NSIDINT TYPINT IITWIN TRSIT IPIIII IUNITS
Default O O O O O O O O
Remark 8 4 5

Card 8 1 2 8 4 5 b 7 8
Variable MITHOD MAXIT TOIITR NDD TOIIR TOIICT IBDIM NPG
Default 1OO 1O4 1 1Ob 1Ob 1OOO 2
Remark b 7
Card 4 1 2 8 4 5 b 7 8
Variable NBC RISTRT IIDGI NOII NIRUP
Type I I I I I
Default 1 O O O O
Remark 8 9 1O 11

Card 5 1 2 8 4 5 b 7 8
Variable SSID SSTYPI NORM BIMTYP IC1 IC2
Type I I I I I I
Default O O O O
Remark 12


Card 1 2 8 4 5 b 7 8
Variable NSIDPC
Type I
Default O
Remark 18

Card 1 2 8 4 5 b 7 8
Variable PID
Type I
Default O
Remark

RO Iluid density.
C Sound speed of the fluid.
IMIN Minimum value of output frequencies.
IMAX Maximum value of output frequencies.
NIRIQ Number of output frequencies.
DTOUT Time interval between writing velocity or acceleration, and pressure at
boundary elements in the binary file, to be proceeded at the end of IS
DYNA simulation.
TSTART Start time for recording velocity or acceleration in ISDYNA
simulation.


PRII Reference pressure to be used to output pressure in dB, in the file
Press_dB. If PRII=O, the Press_dB file will not be generated. A file
called Press_Pa is generated and contains the pressure at the output
nodes (see Card 2).
NSIDIXT Node or segment set ID of output exterior field points.
TYPIXT Output exterior field point type.
IQ.1: node set ID.
IQ.2: segment set ID.
NSIDINT Node or segment set ID of output interior field points.
TYPINT Output interior field point type.
IQ.1: node set ID.
IITWIN IIT windows (Default=O).
IQ.O: rectangular window.
IQ.1: Hanning window.
IQ.2: Hamming window.
IQ.8: Blackman window.
IQ.4: raised cosine window.
TRSIT Request time domain results:
IQ.O: no time domain results are requested.
IQ.1: time domain results are requested.
IPIIII Ilag for output files (default=O):
IQ.O: Press_Pa (magnitude of pressure vs. frequency), Press_dB
(sound pressure level vs. frequency) and bepres (ASCII database file
for ISPrepost) are provided.
IQ.1: Press_Pa_real (the real part of the pressure vs. frequency) and
Press_Pa_imag (the imaginary part of the pressure vs. frequency) are
provided, in addition to Press_Pa, Press_dB and bepres.
IQ.1O: files for IPIIII=O, and fringe files for acoustic pressure.
IQ.11: files for IPIIII=1, and fringe files for acoustic pressure.
IQ.2O: files for IPIIII=O, and fringe files for sound pressure level.
IQ.21: files for IPIIII=1, and fringe files for sound pressure level.

2Ob (IRIQUINCY_DOMAIN) ISDYNA Version 971

IUNITS Ilag for unit changes
IQ.O: do not apply unit change.
IQ.1: MKS units are used, no change needed.
IQ.2: units (lbf s
2
/in, inch, s, lbf, psi, etc.) are used, changed to
MKS in BIM Acoustic computation.
IQ.8: units (kg, mm, ms, kN, GPa, etc.) are used, changed to MKS
in BIM acoustic computation.
IQ.4: units (ton, mm, s, N, MPa, etc.) are used, changed to MKS in
BIM acoustic computation.
MITHOD Method used in acoustic analysis
IQ.O: Rayleigh method (very fast).
IQ.1: Kirchhoff method coupled to IIM for acoustics (*MAT_
ACOUSTIC) (see Remark b).
IQ.2: variational Indirect BIM.
IQ.8: collocation BIM.
IQ.4: collocation BIM with BurtonMiller formulation for exterior
problems (no irregular frequency phenomenon).
MAXIT Maximum number of iterations for iterative solver (default =1OO) if
MITHOD 2.
TOIITR Tolerance for the iterative solver (default=1.I4).
NDD Number of domain decomposition, used for memory saving. Ior large
problems, the boundary mesh is decomposed into NDD domains for less
memory allocation. This option is only used if MITHOD 2.
TOIIR Tolerance for low rank approximation of dense matrix (default=1.Ib).
TOIICT Tolerance in factorization of the low rank matrix (default=1.Ib).
IBDIM Inner iteration limit in GMRIS iterative solver (default=1OOO).
NPG Number of Gauss integration points (default=2).
NBC Number of boundary condition cards (Card 5) (default=1).
RISTRT This flag is used to save an ISDYNA analysis if the binary output file
in the (bem=filename) option has not been changed (default = O).
IQ.O: ISDYNA analysis is processed and generates a new binary
file.
IQ.1: ISDYNA analysis is not processed. The binary file from
previous run is used.


IIDGI Iree edge and multiconnection constraints option (default = O).
IQ.O: free edge and multiconnection constraints not considered.
IQ.1: free edge and multiconnection constraints considered.
IQ.2: only free edge constraints are considered.
IQ.8: only multiconnection constraints are considered.
NOII Iocation where normal velocity or acceleration is taken (default = O).
IQ.O: elements or segments.
IQ.1: nodes.
NIRUP Preconditioner update option.
IQ.O: updated at every frequency.
IQ.N: updated for every N frequencies.
SSID Part, part set ID, or segment set ID of boundary elements.
SSTYPI Boundary element type:
IQ.O: part Set ID
IQ.1: part ID
NORM NORM should be set such that the normal vectors point away from the
fluid.
IQ.O: normal vectors are not inverted (default).
IQ.1: normal vectors are inverted.
BIMTYP Type of input boundary values in BIM analysis.
IQ.O: boundary velocity will be processed in BIM analysis.
IQ.1: boundary acceleration will be processed in BIM analysis.
IQ.2: pressure is prescribed and the real and imaginary parts are
given by IC1 and IC2.
IQ.8: normal velocity is prescribed and the real and imaginary parts
are given by IC1 and IC2.
IQ.4: impedance is prescribed and the real and imaginary parts are
given by IC1 and IC2.
IQ.n: normal velocity (only real part) is prescribed, through load
curve n. An amplitude versus. frequency load curve (with curve ID
n) needs to be defined.
IC1 Ioad curve ID for defining real part of pressure, normal velocity or
impedance.
IC2 Ioad curve ID for defining imaginary part of pressure, normal velocity
or impedance.


NSIDPC Node set ID for the field points where panel contributions to SPI
(Sound Pressure Ievel) are requested.
PID Plane ID for defining the halfspace problem, see keyword
*DIIINI_PIANI.

1. TSTART indicates the time at which velocity or acceleration and pressure are stored in
the binary file.
2. This reference pressure is required for the computation of the pressure in dB. Usually,
in International Unit System the reference pressure is 2O micro_Pascal.
8. Velocity or acceleration (pressure) is provided by ISDYNA analysis. They are written
in a binary file (bem= filename). The boundary element method is processed after the
ISDYNA analysis. An IIT algorithm is used to transform time domain data into
frequency domain in order to use the boundary element method for acoustics. In order
to overcome the IIT leakage problem due to the truncation of the temporal response,
several windows are proposed. Windowing is used to have a periodic velocity,
acceleration and pressure in order to use the IIT.
4. If time domain results are requested, IMIN is changed to O in the code.
5. We change units used in BIM computation to international units (kg, m, s, N, Pa) so
that the reference pressure will not be too small. Ior example, it can be 2O.I15 GPa if
one uses the units (kg, mm, ms, kN, GPa) and this may pose potential truncation error
in the computation, especially in single precision version.
b. Rayleigh method represents an approximation for the BIM. It is very fast since there is
no linear system to solve. It can only be used for external radiation problem. Kirchhoff
method is a coupling between BIM and IIM for acoustics (*MAT_ACOUSTIC) with
Non Reflecting Boundary condition, see *BOUNDARY_NON_RIIIICTING. In this
case, at least one fluid layer with non reflecting boundary condition is to be merged to
the vibrating structure. This additional fluid is given in *MAT_ACOUSTIC by the
same density and sound speed as used in this keyword. Both methods constitute a good
approximation of BIM for external problems.
7. BIM formulation for large and medium size problems (more than 2OOO boundary
elements) is memory and time consuming. In this case, user may run ISDYNA using
the memory option. In order to save memory, domain decomposition can be used.
8. The binary file generated by a previous run can be used for the next run by using the
restart option. The restart option allows the user to use the binary file generated from a

previous calculation in order to run BIM. In this case, the frequency range can be
changed. User should keep the same time parameters as in previous calculation.
9. IIDGI option only applies to MITHOD=2, the Variational Indirect BIM.
1O. NOII decides if the elemental or nodal velocity (or acceleration) is taken from IIM
computation. NOII should be O if Kirchhoff method (MITHOD=1) is used since
elemental pressure is processed in IIM. NOII should be O if BurtonMiller
collocation method (MITHOD=4) is used since a constant strength element
formulation is adopted. In other cases, it is strongly recommended to use element
Tsection
11. The preconditioner is obtained with the factorization of the influence coefficient
matrix. It can be retained for several frequencies, to save CPU time. By default
(NIRUP=O), the preconditioner is updated for every frequency. Note that in MPP
version, the preconditioner is updated every NIRUP frequencies on each processor.
12. The Card 5 can be defined if the boundary elements are composed of several panels. It
can be defined multiple times if more than 2 panels are used. Iach card 5 defines one
panel.
18. The field points where the panel contribution analysis is requested must be one of the
field points for acoustic computation (it must be included in the nodes specified by the
NSIDIXT or NSIDINT). The panels are defined by card 4 and card 5, etc. Iach card
defines one panel.
14. Please note that in order to get accurate results, the element size should not be greater
than 1/b of the wave length ( =c/f where c is the wave speed and f is the frequency).

2O1O (IRIQUINCY_DOMAIN) ISDYNA Version 971
Purpose: Define an interior acoustic problem and solve the problem with a frequency domain
finite element method.
Card 1 1 2 8 4 5 b 7 8
Variable RO C IMIN IMAX NIRIQ DTOUT TSTART PRII
Default none none none none O O O O
Card 2 1 2 8 4 5 b 7 8
Variable PID PTYP
Type I I
Default none O
Card 8 1 2 8 4 5 b 7 8
Variable SID STYP VAD DOI ICID1 ICID2 SI VID
Default none O O none O O 1.O O

Card 4 1 2 8 4 5 b 7 8
Variable NID NTYP IPIIII
Type I I I
Default none O O

RO Iluid density.
C Sound speed of the fluid.
IMIN Minimum value of output frequencies.
IMAX Maximum value of output frequencies.
NIRIQ Number of output frequencies.
DTOUT Time step for writing velocity or acceleration in the binary file.
TSTART Start time for recording velocity or acceleration in transient analysis.
PRII Reference pressure, for converting the acoustic pressure to dB.
PID Part ID, or part set ID to define the acoustic domain.
PTYP Set type:
IQ.O: part, see *PART.
IQ.1: part set, see *SIT_PART.
SID Part ID, or part set ID, or segment set ID, or node set ID to define the
boundary where vibration boundary condition is provided
STYP Set type:
IQ.O: part, see *PART.
IQ.1: part set, see *SIT_PART.
IQ.2: segment set, see *SIT_SIGMINT.
IQ.8: node set, see *SIT_NODI.


VAD Velocity/Acceleration/Displacement flag:
IQ.O: velocity by steady state dynamics (SSD).
IQ.11: velocity by ICID1 (amplitude) and ICID2 (phase).
IQ.12: velocity by ICID1 (real) and ICID2 (imaginary).
IQ.21: acceleration by ICID1 (amplitude) and ICID2 (phase).
IQ.22: acceleration by ICID1 (real) and ICID2 (imaginary).
IQ.81: displacement by ICID1 (amplitude) and ICID2 (phase).
IQ.82: displacement by ICID1 (real) and ICID2 (imaginary).
DOI Applicable degreesoffreedom:
IQ.O: determined by steady state dynamics.
IQ.1: xtranslational degreeoffreedom,
IQ.2: ytranslational degreeoffreedom,
IQ.8: ztranslational degreeoffreedom,
IQ.4: translational motion in direction given by VID,
IQ.5: normal direction of the element or segment.
ICID1 Ioad curve ID to describe the amplitude (or real part) of velocity, see
*DIIINI_CURVI.
ICID2 Ioad curve ID to describe the phase (or imaginary part) of velocity, see
*DIIINI_CURVI.
SI Ioad curve scale factor.
VID Vector ID for DOI values of 4.
NID Node ID, or node set ID, or segment set ID for acoustic result output.
NTYP Set type:
IQ.O: Node, see *NODI.
IQ.1: Node set, see *SIT_NODI.
IPIIII Ilag for output files (default=O):
IQ.O: Press_Pa (magnitude of pressure vs. frequency), Press_dB
(sound pressure level vs. frequency) are provided.
IQ.1: Press_Pa_real (real part of pressure vs. frequency) and
Press_Pa_imag (imaginary part of pressure vs. frequency) are
provided, in addition to Press_Pa, Press_dB.


1. This command solves the interior acoustic problems which is governed by Helmholtz
equation with the boundary condition
n
v i
n
p
, where, is the
acoustic pressure, is the wave number, is the round frequency, is the
acoustic wave speed (sound speed), is the imaginary unit, is the mass density
and is the normal velocity. This command solves the acoustic problem in frequency
domain.
2. If mass density RO is not given, the mass density of PID (the part which defines the
acoustic domain), will be used
8. PRII is the reference pressure to convert the acoustic pressure to dB
2
2
1O
ref
p
Note that generally Pa 2O
ref
p for air.
4. If the boundary velocity is obtained from steady state dynamics (VAD=O) using the
keyword *IRIQUINCY_DOMAIN_SSD, the part (PID) which defines the acoustic
domain has to use one of the following material models,
MAT_IIASTIC_IIUID
MAT_NUII (and IOS_IDIAI_GAS)
Since only the above material models enable implicit eigenvalue analysis. If the boundary
excitation is given by load curves ICID1 and ICID2 (VAD>O), the part (PID) which
defines the acoustic domain can use any material model which is compatible with 8node
solid elements, as only the mesh of the PID will be utilized in the computation. Ior
example, MAT_ACOUSTIC and MAT_IIASTIC_IIUID can be used.
5. If VAD=O, the boundary excitation is given as velocity obtained from steady state
dynamics. The other parameters in Card 8 (DOI, ICID1, ICID2, SI and VID) are
ignored.
b.
is considered. This happens usually when a node is on edge and shared by two or more

PART, SIT_PART, SIT_NODI, or SIT_SIGMINT and different vibration condition
is defined on each of the SIT_NODI or SIT_SIGMINT.
Nodes shared by two SIT_SIGMINT
7. Results including acoustic pressure and SPI are given in d8acs binary files, which can be
accessed by ISPrePost. Nodal pressure and SPI values for nodes specified by NID and
NTYP are given in ASCII file Press_Pa and Press_dB, which can be accessed by IS
PrePost. Press_Pa gives magnitude of the pressure. Press_dB gives Sound Pressure Ievel
in terms of dB.
8. If the boundary velocity condition is given by Steady State Dynamics (VAD=O), the
range and number of frequencies (IMIN, IMAX and NIRIQ) should be compatible
with the corresponding parameters in Card 1 of the keyword
*IRIQUINCY_DOMAIN_SSD

Purpose: Set IRI (frequency response function) controls.

Card 1 1 2 8 4 5 b 7 8
Variable N1 N1TYP DOI1 VAD1 VID INMAX MDMIN MDMAX
Default none O none 8 O O.O O O
Card 2 1 2 8 4 5 b 7 8
Variable DAMPI ICDAM ICTYP DMPMAS DMPSTI
Type I I I I I
Default O.O O O O.O O.O
Card 8 1 2 8 4 5 b 7 8
Variable N2 N2TYP DOI2 VAD2 RIIATV
Type I I I I I
Default none O none 2 O

2O1b (IRIQUINCY_DOMAIN) ISDYNA Version 971
Card 4 1 2 8 4 5 b 7 8
Variable IMIN IMAX NIRIQ ISPACI ICIRIQ RISTRT OUTPUT
Type I I I I I I I
Default none none 2 O none O O

N1 Node / Node set/Segment set ID for excitation input.
N1TYP Type of N1:
IQ.O: node ID,
IQ.1: node set ID,
DOI1 Applicable degreesoffreedom for excitation input:
IQ. 1: xtranslational degreeoffreedom (positive or negative),
IQ. 2: ytranslational degreeoffreedom (positive or negative),
IQ. 8: ztranslational degreeoffreedom (positive or negative),
IQ. 4: translational movement in direction given by vector VID
(positive or negative).
VAD1 Ixcitation input type:
IQ.O: base velocity,
IQ.1: base acceleration,
IQ.2: base displacement,
IQ.8: nodal force,
IQ.4: pressure.
VID Vector ID for DOI1=4 for excitation input, see *DIIINI_VICTOR.
INMAX Optional maximum natural frequency employed in IRI computation.
MDMIN The first mode employed in IRI computation (optional).
MDMAX The last mode employed in IRI computation (optional).
DAMPI Modal damping coefficient, .
ICDAM Ioad Curve ID defining mode dependent modal damping coefficient .


ICTYP Type of load curve defining modal damping coefficient:
IQ.O: Abscissa value defines frequency,
IQ.1: Abscissa value defines mode number.
DMPMAS Mass proportional damping constant , in Rayleigh damping.
DMPSTI Stiffness proportional damping constant , in Rayleigh damping.
N2 Node / Node set/Segment set ID for response output.
N2TYP Type of N2:
IQ.O: node ID,
IQ.1: node set ID,
DOI2 Applicable degreesoffreedom for response output:
IQ.8: ztranslational degreeoffreedom.
VAD2 Response output type:
IQ.O: velocity,
IQ.1: acceleration,
IQ.2: displacement,
IQ.8: nodal force.
RIIATV IIAG for displacement, velocity and acceleration results:
IQ.O: absolute values are requested,
IQ.1: relative values are requested (for VAD1=O,1,2 only).
IMIN Minimum frequency for IRI output (cycles/time).
IMAX Maximum frequency for IRI output (cycles/time).
NIRIQ Number of frequencies for IRI output.
ISPACI Irequency spacing option for IRI output:
IQ.O: linear,
IQ.1: logarithmic,
IQ.2: biased.
ICIRIQ Ioad Curve ID defining the frequencies for IRI output.


RISTRT Restart option:
IQ.O: initial run,
IQ.1: restart with d8eigv family files,
IQ.2: restart with dumpfrf,
IQ.8: restart with d8eigv family files and dumpfrf.
OUTPUT Output option:
IQ.O: write amplitude and phase angle pairs,
IQ.1: write real and imaginary pairs.

1. This command computes frequency response functions due to nodal excitations.
2. Natural frequencies and mode shapes are needed for computing the frequency response
functions. Thus, keyword *CONTROI_IMPIICIT_IIGINVAIUI has to be included in
input.
8. The IRI (frequency response functions) can be given as Displacement/Iorce (called
Admittance, Compliance, or Receptance), Velocity/Iorce (called Mobility),
Acceleration/Iorce (called Accelerance, Inertance).
4. INMAX decides how many natural vibration modes are adopted in IRI computation.
ISDYNA uses only modes with lower or equal frequency than INMAX in IRI
computation. If INMAX is not given, the number of modes in IRI computation is same
as the number of modes, NIIG, from the *CONTROI_IMPIICIT_IIGINVAIUI
keyword card, unless MDMIN and MDMAX are prescribed (see remark 5).
5. MDMIN and MDMAX decides which mode(s) are adopted in IRI computation. This
option is useful for calculating the contribution from a single mode (MDMIN =
MDMAX) or several modes (MDMIN < MDMAX). If only MDMIN is given, IS
DYNA use the single mode (MDMIN) to compute IRI.
b. Damping can be prescribed in several ways:
To use a constant modal damping coefficient for all the modes, define DAMPI
only. ICDMP, ICTYP, DMPMAS and DMPSTI are ignored.
To use mode dependent modal damping, define a load curve
(*DIIINI_CURVI) and specify that if the abscissa value defines the frequency
or mode number by ICTYP. DMPMAS and DMPSTI are ignored.
To use Rayleigh damping, define DMPMAS ( ) and DMPSTI ( ) and keep
DAMPI as O.O, and keep ICDMP, ICTYP as O. The damping matrix in Rayleigh

damping is defined as C = M K, where, C, M and K are the damping, mass
and stiffness matrices respectively.
7. There are two methods to define the frequencies.
The first method is to define IMIN, IMAX, NIRIQ and ISPACI. IMIN and IMAX
specify the frequency range of interest and NIRIQ specifies the number of frequencies
at which results are required. ISPACI specifies the type of frequency spacing (linear,
logarithmic or biased) to be used. These frequency points for which results are required
can be spaced equally along the frequency axis (on a linear or logarithmic scale). Or they
can be biased toward the eigenfrequencies (the frequency points are placed closer
together at eigenfrequencies in the frequency range) so that the detailed definition of the
response close to resonance frequencies can be obtained.
Spacing options of the frequency points
The second method is to use a load curve (ICIRIQ) to define the frequencies of interest.
8. To save time in subsequent runs, user can use the restart option by setting RISTRT=1.
ISDYNA will skip the mode analysis and use d8eigv family files generated in the first
run, to compute IRI.
9. RISTRT=2 or 8 is used when user wants to add extra vibration modes to IRI
computation. After initial IRI computation, user may find that the number of vibration
modes is not enough. Ior example, in the initial computation, user may use only vibration
modes up to 5OO Hz. Iater it is found that vibration modes at higher frequencies are
needed. Then it would be more efficient to just compute the extra modes (frequencies
above 5OO Hz), and add the contribution from these extra modes to the previous IRI
results. In this case, user may use the option RISTRT=2 or 8. Ior RISTRT=2, IS
DYNA runs a new modal analysis, reads in the previous IRI results (stored in the binary
dump file dumpfrf) and add the contribution from the new modes. Ior RISTRT=8, IS
Mode n Mode n1 Mode n2
IMAX IMIN
(Biased spacing)
(Iogarithmic spacing)
(Iinear spacing)

DYNA reads in d8eigv family files generated elsewhere and reads in also dumpfrf, and
add the contribution from the new modes.
1O. Ior excitation given as base acceleration (VAD1=1), the parameters N1, N1TYP are not
used and can be blank.
11. Ior nodal force response (VAD2=8), the same nodes or node set need to be defined in
*DATABASI_NODAI_IORCI_GROUP. In addition, MSTRIS in the keyword
*CONTROI_IMPIICIT_IIGINVAIUI must be set to 1.

Available options include:

Purpose: Set random vibration control options. When IATIGUI option is used, compute fatigue
life of structures or parts under random vibration.
Card 1 1 2 8 4 5 b 7 8
Variable MDMIN MDMAX INMIN INMAX RISTRT MITG
Type I I I I I I
Default 1 O.O O O
Card 2 1 2 8 4 5 b 7 8
Variable DAMPI ICDAM ICTYP DMPMAS DMPSTI DMPTYP
Type I I I I I I
Default O.O O O O.O O.O O
Card 8 1 2 8 4 5 b 7 8
Variable VAIIAG MITHOD UNIT UMIT VAPSD VARMS NPSD NITG
Default none O 1 1

Card 4 1 2 8 4 5 b 7 8
Variable IDTYP IPANIIU IPANIIV TIMPIR TIXPOS DSIIAG SNTYPI SNIIMT
Default O.O O. O O O

Card 5 1 2 8 4 5 b 7 8
Variable SID STYPI DOI IDPSD IDVII IDIIW IDSPN CID

Card b 1 2 8 4 5 b 7 8
Variable PID ICID PTYPI ITYPI A B STHRIS
Type I I I I I I I
Default O O O.

MDMIN The first mode in modal superposition method (optional).
MDMAX The last mode in modal superposition method (optional).
INMIN The minimum natural frequency in modal superposition Method
(optional).
INMAX The maximum natural frequency in modal superposition method
(optional).

RISTRT Restart option.
IQ.O: A new modal analysis is performed,
IQ.1: Restart with d8eigv.
MITG Method for random fatigue analysis (for option _IATIGUI).
IQ.O: no fatigue analysis,
IQ.1: band method,
IQ.2: Dirlik method.
ICTYP Type of load curve defining modal damping coefficient
DMPTYP Type of damping
IQ.O: modal damping.
IQ.1: broadband damping.
VAIIAG Ioading type:
IQ.O: No random vibration analysis.
IQ.1: Base acceleration.
IQ.2: Random pressure.
IQ.8: Plane wave.
IQ.4: Shock wave.
IQ.5: Progressive wave.
IQ.b: Reverberant wave.
IQ.7: Turbulent boundary layer wave.
IQ.8: Nodal force.
MITHOD method for modal response analysis.
IQ.O: method set automatically by ISDYNA (recommended)
IQ.1: modal superposition method
IQ.2: modal acceleration method
IQ.8: modal truncation augmentation method

UNIT Ilag for acceleration unit conversion:
IQ.O: use |length unit|/|time unit|
2
as unit of acceleration.
IQ.1: use g as unit for acceleration, and SI units (Newton, kg, meter,
second, etc.) elsewhere.
IQ.2: use g as unit for acceleration, and Ingineering units (lbf,
lbf second
2
/inch, inch, second, etc.) elsewhere.
IQ.8: use g as unit for acceleration and provide the multiplier for
converting g to |length unit|/|time unit|
2
.
UMIT Multiplier for converting g to |length unit|/|time unit|
2
.
VAPSD Ilag for PSD output:
IQ.O: Absolute PSD output is requested.
IQ.1: Relative PSD output is requested (used only for VAIIAG=1)
VARMS Ilag for RMS output:
IQ.O: Absolute RMS output is requested.
IQ.1: Relative RMS output is requested (used only for VAIIAG=1)
NPSD
times, one for each PSD load definition. The default value is 1.
NITG Number of S
number of times, one for each SN fatigue curve definition. The default
value is 1. If the option IATIGUI} is not used, ignore this parameter.
IDTYP Ixcitation load (IDPSD in card b) type:
IQ.O: PSD.
IQ.1: SPI (for plane wave only).
IQ.2: time history load.
IPANIIU Number of strips in U direction (used only for VAIIAG=5, b, 7)
IPANIIV Number of strips in V direction (used only for VAIIAG=5, b, 7)
TIMPIR Temperature
TIXPOS Ixposure time (used if option IATIGUI is used)
DSIIAG IIAG for including displacement (and velocity and acceleration), stress
and strain results.
IQ.O: include only displacement, velocity and acceleration,
IQ.1: include displacement, velocity, acceleration and stress,
IQ.2: include displacement, velocity, acceleration, stress and strain.

SNTYPI Stress type of SN curve in fatigue analysis.
IQ.O: vonmises stress
IQ.1: maximum principal stress (not implemented)
IQ.2: maximum shear stress (not implemented)
IQ.n: The nth stress component.
SNIIMT Iatigue life for stress lower than the lowest stress on SN curve.
IQ.O: use the life at the last point on SN curve
IQ.1: extrapolation from the last two points on SN curve
IQ.2: infinity.
SID Set ID for the panel exposed to acoustic environment, or the nodes
subjected to nodal force excitation, or nodal acceleration excitation. Ior
VAIIAG=1, base acceleration, leave this as blank
STYPI Type of the set ID for the panel exposed to acoustic environment, orthe
nodes subjected to nodal force excitation:
IQ. O: Node
IQ. 1: Node Set
IQ. 2: Segment Set
IQ. 8: Part
IQ. 4: Part Set
DOI Applicable degreesoffreedom for nodal force excitation or base
acceleration (DOI= 1, 2, and 8), or wave direction:
IQ. O: translational movement in direction given by vector VID.
IQ. 1: xtranslational degreeoffreedom (positive or negative)
IQ. 2: ytranslational degreeoffreedom (positive or negative)
IQ. 8: ztranslational degreeoffreedom (positive or negative)
IDPSD Ioad curve for PSD, SPI, or time history excitation.
IDVII Ioad curve for phase velocity.
IDIIW Ioad curve for exponential decay for TBI in flowwise direction
IDSPN Ioad curve for exponential decay for TBI in spanwise direction
CID Coordinate system ID for defining wave direction, see
*DIIINI_COORDINATI_SYSTIM, or Vector ID for defining load
direction for nodal force, or base excitation, see *DIIINI_VICTOR.
PID Part ID, or Part Set ID, or Ilement (solid, shell, beam, thick shell) Set
ID.

ICID SN fatigue curve ID for the current Part or Part Set.
GT. O: SN fatigue curve ID
IQ. 1: SN fatigue curve uses equation N S
b
= a
IQ. 2: SN fatigue curve uses equation log(S) = a b log(N)
PTYPI Type of PID.
IQ. O: Part (default)
IQ. 1: Part Set
IQ. 2: SIT_SOIID
IQ. 8: SIT_BIAM
IQ. 4: SIT_SHIII
IQ. 5: SIT_TSHIII
ITYPI Type of ICID.
IQ. O: Semilog interpolation (default)
IQ. 1: IogIog interpolation
A Material parameter a in SN fatigue equation.
B Material parameter b in SN fatigue equation.
STHRIS Iatigue threshold.

1. This command evaluates the structural random vibration response due to aero acoustic
loads, base excitation or nodal force. This capability was originated from the
house code NIIARA, which is a NIKI8Dbased Iinite Ilement tool for performing
structural analysis with vibroacoustic loads. The main developer of NIIARA is
Mostafa Rassaian from the Boeing company.
2. The Numbers of strip in U and V direction are used to group the elements into smaller
number of integration domains to reduce computational time. This option is only
available for VAIIAG=5, b, and 7.
8. Restart option RISTRT=1 is used if mode analysis has been done previously. In this
case, ISDYNA skips modal analysis and reads in d8eigv family files generated
previously. Ior RISTMD=1, always use MDMIN=1 and MDMAX = number of modes
given by modal analysis (can be found from ASCII file eigout, or from d8eigv files by
ISPRIPOST).
4. DSIIAG defines the available output variables in binary plot file D8RMS and ASCII file
IIOUT_PSD. To get the stress results, DSIIAG should be 1 or 2, and MSTRIS in

*CONTROI_IMPIICIT_IIGINVAIUI should be 1, To get strain results, DSIIAG
should be 2 and STRIIG in *DATABASI_IXTINT_BINARY should be 1.
5. If MITHOD=O, ISDYNA uses modal superposition method for cases 4,5,b,7, Ior cases
1,2,8 and 8, ISDYNA uses modal superposition method when preload condition is
present and uses modal acceleration method when preload condition is not present.
b. In a set of consistent units, the unit for acceleration is defined as
2
Some users in industry prefer to use g (acceleration due to gravity) as the unit for
acceleration. Ior example,

2
or,
If the input and output use g as the unit for acceleration, select UNIT=1, 2, or 8.
If UNIT=8, a multiplier (UMIT) for converting g to |length unit|/|time unit|
2
is needed
and it is defined by
1g=UMIT |length unit|/|time unit|
2
Ior more information about the consistent units, see GS.21 (GITTING STARTID).
7. Number of points in the load curves IDSPI, IDVII, IDIIW, and IDSPN are same.
Number of points in the load curve IDDAMP can be different from those for IDSPI,
IDVII, IDIIW, and IDSPN.
8. Wave direction is determined DOI and VID.
9. RMS results are given for all nodes and elements.
1O. CID represents a local UVW coordinate system for defining acoustic wave direction,
only partially correlated waves (VAIIAG=5,b,7) need this local coordinate system. Ior
nodal force, base excitation, plane wave or random pressure, CID represents a vector ID
defining the load direction (DOI= 4).
11. Displacement, velocity and acceleration results are output into ASCII file
NODOUT_PSD. The nodes to be output to NODOUT_PSD are specified by card
*DATABASI_HISTORY_NODI_OPTION}.
12. Stress results are output into ASCII file IIOUT_PSD. The solid, beam, shell and thick
shell elements to be output to IIOUT_PSD are specified by the following cards:
*DATABASI_HISTORY_SOIID_OPTION},

*DATABASI_HISTORY_BIAM_OPTION},
*DATABASI_HISTORY_SHIII_OPTION},
*DATABASI_HISTORY_TSHIII_OPTION}.
18. When IATIGUI option is used, binary plot file d8ftg is written. 5 plot states are included
in d8ftg:
State 1. Cumulative damage ratio
State 2. Ixpected fatigue life
State 8. Zerocrossing frequency
State 4. Peakcrossing frequency
State 5. Irregularity factor
These results are given as element variables in ISPRIPOST. Irregularity factor is a real
number from O to 1. A sine wave has irregularity factor as 1 and a while noise has
irregularity factor as O. The less the value is, the closer the process is toward a broad band
case.
14. below a certain threshold
stress STHRIS failure does not occur no matter how long the loads are cycled. SNIIMT
can be set to 2 in this case, Ior other materials, such as aluminum, no threshold stress
exists and SNIIMT should be set to O or 1 for added level of safety.
15. When IATIGUI option is used, same PTYPI (PART or SIT of IIIMINTS) has to be
used in case of multiple card 7.
1b. SN curves can be defined by *DIIINI_CURVI, or by the equations (ICID<O)
N S
b
= a or log(S) = a b log(N)
Where N is the number of cycles for fatigue failure and S is the stress amplitude.
Mostafa Rassaian, |ungChuan Iee, NIIARA NIKI8Dbased II tool for structural analysis
of vibroacoustic loads, Boeing report, 985ONGKYO2O8b, December 5, 2OO8.
Purpose: perform response spectrum computation to obtain the peak response of a structure.
Card 1 1 2 8 4 5 b 7 8
Variable MDMIN MDMAX INMIN INMAX RISTRT MCOMB RIIATV
Type I I I I I I I
Default 1 O.O O O O
Card 2 1 2 8 4 5 b 7 8
Variable DAMPI ICDAMP IDTYP DMPMAS DMPSTI
Type I I I I I
Default none none O O.O O.O

Card 8 1 2 8 4 5 b 7 8
Variable ICTYP DOI IC/TBID SI VID INID INTYP INIIAG
Default 1.O O


INMIN The minimum natural frequency in modal superposition method
(optional).
(optional).
RISTRT Restart option
IQ.O: A new run including modal analysis,
IQ.1: Restart with d8eigv family files created elsewhere.
MCOMB Method for combination of modes:
IQ.O: SRSS method,
IQ.1: NRC Grouping method,
IQ.2: Complete Quadratic Combination method (CQC),
IQ.8: Double Sum method,
IQ.4: NRISUM method.
RIIATV IIAG for displacement, velocity and acceleration results:
IQ.O: Use relative values,
IQ.1: Use absolute values.
DAMPI Modal damping ratio, .
ICDAMP Ioad Curve ID for defining frequency dependent modal damping ratio .
IDTYP Type of load curve for ICDAMP
ICTYP Ioad curve type for defining the input spectrum.
IQ.O: base velocity,
IQ.2: base displacement,
IQ.8: nodal force,
IQ.4: pressure,
IQ.1O: base velocity time history,
IQ.11: base acceleration time history,
IQ.12: base displacement time history.

DOI Applicable degreesoffreedom for excitation input:
IQ. 1: xtranslational degreeoffreedom,
IQ. 2: ytranslational degreeoffreedom,
IQ. 8: ztranslational degreeoffreedom,
IQ. 4: translational movement in direction given by vector VID.
IC/TBID Ioad curve or table ID, see *DIIINI_TABII, defining the response
spectrum for frequencies. If the table definition is used a family of
curves are defined for discrete critical damping ratios.
SI Scale factor for the input load spectrum.
VID Vector ID for DOI values of 4.
INID Node ID, or node set ID, or segment set ID where the excitation is
applied. If the input load is given as base excitation spectrum, INID=O
INTYP Set type for INID:
IQ.1: Node, see *NODI,
IQ.2: Node set, see *SIT_NODI,
IQ.8: Segment set, see *SIT_SIGMINT,
IQ.4: Part, see *PART,
IQ.5: Part set, see *SIT_PART.
INIIAG Irequency interpolation option
IQ.O: Iogarithmic interpolation,
IQ.1: Semilogarithmic interpolation.
IQ.2: Iinear interpolation.

1. This command uses modal superposition method to evaluate the maximum response of a
structure subjected to input response spectrum load, such as the acceleration spectrum
load in earthquake engineering.
2. Modal analysis has to be performed preceding the response spectrum analysis. Thus the
keywords *CONTROI_IMPIICIT_GINIRAI and
*CONTROI_IMPIICIT_IIGINVAIUI are expected in the input file.
8. MDMIN, MDMAX, INMIN and INMAX should be set appropriately to cover all the
natural modes inside the input spectrum.
4. To include stress results, modal stress computation has to be requested in
*CONTROI_IMPIICIT_IIGINVAIUI (set MSTRIS=1).

5. Ior base excitation cases, user can choose relative values or absolute values for
displacement, velocity and acceleration results output.
b. RISTRT=1 enables a fast restart run based on d8eigv family files generated in last run or
elsewhere. ISDYNA reads d8eigv family files to get the natural vibration frequencies
and mode shapes.
7. Ior Double Sum method (MCOMB=8), earthquake duration time is given by INDTIM
in the keyword *CONTROI_TIRMINATION.
8. Three interpolation options are available for frequency interpolation when reading
response spectrum values
a. When INIIAG=O (default), logarithmic interpolation is used, e.g.
1 2
1 2
1
1
log log
log log
log log
log log
x x
y y
x x
y y
b. When INIIAG=1, semilogarithmic interpolation is used, e.g.
1 2
1 2
1
1
log log log log
x x
y y
x x
y y
c. When INIIAG=2, linear interpolation is used, e.g.
1 2
1 2
1
1
x x
y y
x x
y y
Iinear interpolation is used for interpolation with respect to damping ratios.

Purpose: Compute steady state dynamic response due to given spectrum of harmonic
excitations.
Card 1 1 2 8 4 5 b 7 8
Variable MDMIN MDMAX INMIN INMAX RISTMD RISTDP RIIATV
Type I I I I I I I
Default 1 O.O O O O
Card 2 1 2 8 4 5 b 7 8
Variable DAMPI ICDAM ICTYP DMPMAS DMPSTI
Type I I I I I
Default O.O O O O.O O.O
Card 8 1 2 8 4 5 b 7 8
Variable NOUT NOTYP NOVA
Type I I I
Default O O O


Card 4 1 2 8 4 5 b 7 8
Variable NID NTYP DOI VAD IC1 IC2 ICIIAG VID
Default none O none none none none O O

INMIN The minimum natural frequency in modal superposition method
(optional).
(optional).
RISTMD Restart option:
IQ.O: A new modal analysis is performed,
IQ.1: Restart with d8eigv.
RISTDP Restart option:
IQ.O: A new run without dumpssd,
IQ.1: Restart with dumpssd.
RIIATV Ilag for displacement, velocity and acceleration results:
IQ.O: absolute values are requested,
IQ.1: relative values are requested (for VAD=2 only).
ICTYP Type of load curve defining modal damping coefficient.
DMPSTI Stiffness proportional damping constant , in Rayleigh damping..


NOUT Part set/ Part/ Segment set/Node set ID for response output (optional).
NOTYP Type of NOUT:
IQ.O: part set ID (not implemented),
IQ.1: part ID (not implemented),
IQ.2: segment set ID,
IQ.8: node set ID.
NOVA Response output type.
IQ.O: velocity,
IQ.1: acceleration.
NID Node / Node set/Segment set ID for excitation input.
NTYP Type of NID.
IQ.O: node ID,
IQ.1: node set ID,
DOI Applicable degreesoffreedom for excitation input.
IQ.8: ztranslational degreeoffreedom,
IQ.4: translational movement in direction given by vector VID.
VAD Ixcitation input type:
IQ.O: nodal force,
IQ.1: pressure,
IQ.8: enforced velocity (not implemented, see remarks 12),
IQ.4: enforced acceleration (not implemented, see remarks 12),
IQ.5: enforced displacement (not implemented, see remarks 12).
IC1 Ioad Curve ID defining real (inphase) part (ICIIAG=O) or amplitude
(ICIIAG=1) of load as a function of frequency.
IC2 Ioad Curve ID defining imaginary (outphase) part (ICIIAG=O) or
phase angle (ICIIAG=1) of load as a function of frequency.
ICIIAG Ioad Curve definition flag.
IQ.O: load curves are given as amplitude / phase angle,
IQ.1: load curves are given as real / imaginary components.
VID Vector ID for DOI=4 for excitation input, see *DIIINI_VICTOR.


8. This command computes steady state dynamic response due to harmonic excitation
spectrum by modal superposition method.
4. Natural frequencies and mode shapes are needed for running the modal superposition
method. Thus, the keyword *CONTROI_IMPIICIT_IIGINVAIUI has to be
included in input.
5. MDMIN/MDMAX and INMIN/INMAX together determine which modes are used
in modal superposition method. The first mode must have a mode number MDMIN,
and frequency INMIN, The last mode must have mode number MDMAX, and
frequency INMAX. When MDMAX or INMAX is not given, the last mode in
modal superposition method is the last mode available in IIIINM.
b. Restart option RISTMD=1 is used if mode analysis has been done previously. In this
case, ISDYNA skips modal analysis and reads in d8eigv family files generated
previously. Ior RISTMD=1, always use MDMIN=1 and MDMAX = number of
modes given by modal analysis (can be found from ASCII file eigout, or from d8eigv
files using ISPRIPOST).
7. Restart option RISTDP=1 is used if user wants to add contribution of additional
modes to previous SSD results. In this case, ISDYNA reads in binary dump file
modes. Ior RISTDP=1, the new modal analysis (RISTMD=O) or the d8eigv family
files created elsewhere (RISTMD=1) should exclude the modes used in previous
SSD computation. This can be done by setting IIIAG (and RIIAG, if necessary),
and setting a nonzero IITIND (and RHTIND) in
*CONTROI_IMPIICIT_IIGINVAIUI. The RISTDP option can also be used if
the frequency range for modal analysis is divided into segments and modal analysis is
performed for each frequency range separately.
8. Sometimes customers would like to add some acoustic field nodes and run
BIM/IIM acoustic computation after SSD. The RISTMD and RISTDP options still
work even if the number of nodes may get changed after previous modal analysis,
provided that the IDs of the old nodes are not changed.
9. Damping can be prescribed in several ways:
To use a constant modal damping coefficient for all the modes, define
DAMPI only. ICDMP, ICTYP, DMPMAS and DMPSTI are ignored.
To use mode dependent modal damping, define a load curve
(*DIIINI_CURVI) and specify that if the abscissa value defines the
frequency or mode number by ICTYP. DMPMAS and DMPSTI are ignored.
To use Rayleigh damping, define DMPMAS ( ) and DMPSTI ( ) and keep
DAMPI as O.O, and keep ICDMP, ICTYP as O. The damping matrix in
Rayleigh damping is defined as C = M K, where, C, M and K are the
damping, mass and stiffness matrices respectively.

1O. NOUT and NOTYP are used to define the nodes where velocity or acceleration are
command line. The velocity or acceleration data in this file can be used by BIM or
IIM acoustic solver to perform a vibroacoustic analysis.
11. When base acceleration (VAD=2), the parameters NID, NTYP are not used and can
be blank. The base acceleration case is treated by applying inertia force to the
structure.
12. Ior the cases with enforced motion excitation (e.g. nodal acceleration, velocity or
displacement), the large mass method can be used to compute the SSD results. A very
large mass m
I
, which is usually 1O
5
1O
7
(1O
b
is recommended for most cases) times of
the mass of the entire structure, is attached to the nodes where the enforced motion
excitation is applied (using the keyword *IIIMINT_MASS_OPTION}). A very
large nodal force is also applied to the degree of freedom of excitation to produce the
desired enforced motion. Then the problem is switched to the case with nodal force
excitation (VAD=O).
The large nodal force p is computed as follows,
Ior nodal acceleration,
I
Ior nodal velocity, u m i p
I
Ior nodal displacement,
18. Displacement, velocity and acceleration results are output into ASCII file
NODOUT_SSD. The nodes to be output to NODOUT_SSD are specified by card
*DATABASI_HISTORY_NODI_OPTION}
14. Stress results are output into ASCII file IIOUT_SSD. The solid, beam, shell and
thick shell elements to be output to IIOUT_SSD are specified by the following
cards: *DATABASI_HISTORY_SOIID_OPTION},
*DATABASI_HISTORY_BIAM_OPTION},
*DATABASI_HISTORY_SHIII_OPTION},
*DATABASI_HISTORY_TSHIII_OPTION}.
15. The phase angle is given in range (18O, 18O|.

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ISDYNA Version 971 2O1 (IRIQUINCY_DOMAIN)

Purpose: The keyword *IRIQUINCY_DOMAIN provides a way of defining and solving

Purpose: Set IRI (frequency response function) controls.

ISDYNA Version 971 2O21 (IRIQUINCY_DOMAIN)

2O22 (IRIQUINCY_DOMAIN) ISDYNA Version 971

ISDYNA Version 971 2O28 (IRIQUINCY_DOMAIN)

2O24 (IRIQUINCY_DOMAIN) ISDYNA Version 971

ISDYNA Version 971 2O25 (IRIQUINCY_DOMAIN)

2O2b (IRIQUINCY_DOMAIN) ISDYNA Version 971

ISDYNA Version 971 2O27 (IRIQUINCY_DOMAIN)

2O28 (IRIQUINCY_DOMAIN) ISDYNA Version 971

ISDYNA Version 971 2O29 (IRIQUINCY_DOMAIN)

2O8O (IRIQUINCY_DOMAIN) ISDYNA Version 971

ISDYNA Version 971 2O81 (IRIQUINCY_DOMAIN)

2O82 (IRIQUINCY_DOMAIN) ISDYNA Version 971

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