. .

,
. . ,

. . ,

. .

I
080200

 2014

( )

. . ,
. . ,

. . ,

. .

I
080200

 2014


1 080200.
.
080200 .

.
.

1 2
216
192
12
12

2
216
192
12
12

432
384
24
24
2 .

1, 2, 3
4.
1 . . . .
2 . . .
3 . . . .
4 .
.

.

. , , .
1. , .
.
2. , ,
(), , , .

3. , . , ,
, .
4. , , (. ).
() ,
0 10.

1.1 2.1

3.1 4.1

5.1 6.1 7.1

8.1

1.2 2.2

3.2 4.2

5.2 6.2 7.2

8.2

1.3 2.3

3.3 4.3

5.3 6.3 7.3

8.3

1.4 2.4

3.4 4.4

5.4 6.4 7.4

8.4

1.5 2.5

3.5 4.5

5.5 6.5 7.5

8.5

1.6 2.6

3.6 4.6

5.6 6.6 7.6

8.6

1.7 2.7

3.7 4.7

5.7 6.7 7.7

8.7

1.8 2.8

3.8 4.8

5.8 6.8 7.8

8.8

1.9 2.9

3.9 4.9

5.9 6.9 7.9

8.9

10

1.10 2.10

3.10 4.10

5.10 6.10 7.10

8.10

5. , ,
.
,
.
6. .
7. . , , , , , ,
, .
8. ,
.
9. , , ,
.
,
4

 .
.
.
.

1
1. A, B , C . 2A 3B , A B , A C .

2 3 1
1.1. A = 3 1 4 ,
2 1 1

1 4 2
3 1 ,
1.2. A = 2
4 7 5

2 1 2
3 1 ,
1.3. A = 1
7 4 5

2 1 5
1.4. A = 4 3 4 ,
1 1 4

2 1 0
1.5. A = 1 4 2 ,
4 1 7

2 4 3
1.6. A = 1 2 1 ,
0 1 1

4 3 1
1.7. A = 2 1 4 ,
1 1 3

1 2 1
1.8. A = 4 3 7 ,
1 2 4

2 3 4
2 4 ,
1.9. A = 3
1 1 5

5 2 4
1.10. A = 5 2 4 ,
4 3 3

3 2 1
= 1 3 2 ,
2 1 1

3 1 4
= 1 2 3 ,
1 4 7

1 2 2
= 0 1 3 ,
4 7 4

3 1 4
= 4 2 1 ,
2 1 0

3 1 4
= 1 3 4 ,
0 2 1

1 4 2
= 0 3 1 ,
4 7 5

2 3 0
= 1 1 2 ,
0 0 1

1 2 4
= 3 1 1 ,
1 3 7

4 2 1
= 3 1 7 ,
2 2 1

1 7 1
= 15 3 1 ,
3 2 4

= 2 .
3

1

2 .
=
3

2

= 1 .
3

1

= 2 .
3

3
= 2 .
4

2

1 .
=
2

4
= 3 .
1

3

= 1 .
2

3
= 2 .
5

3

= 4 .
5

 2. . -

:
.
x + 2y + 3z = 1
2x 3y + 2z = 9
2.1.
2.6.
5x + 8y z = 7

2x + y z = 2
3x + 2y + 2z = 2
2.2.
2.7.
x + y 2z = 1

x + 2y + 3z = 5
2x y z = 1
2.3.
2.8.
x + 3y + 4z = 6

x + 2y z = 2
2x 3y + 2z = 2
2.4.
2.9.
3x + y + z = 8

x+yz =0
3x + 2y + z = 5
2.5.
2.10.
4x y + 5z = 3

x + y z = 2
4x 3y + z = 1
2x + y z = 1

x + 2y + 3z = 14
5x y z = 0
4x + 3y + 2z = 16

x + y + 2z = 1
2x y + 2z = 4
4x + y + 4z = 2

2x + y + 3z = 11
3x + 2y + z = 5
x+y+z =3

x+yz =1
8x + 3y 6z = 2
4x + y 3z = 3

1
1.

 ,
. :
 k A ,
A k ;
 () A B ,
()
A B;
 A B , , i- j - , i- A j - B .
1.

1 2 3
A = 0 1 2 ,
3 0 4

2 3 2
B = 1 4 0 ,
1 5 1

3
C = 1 .
7

4 A, A + B , A B , A B , A C .

1 2 3
41 42 43
4 8 12
4 A = 4 0 1 2 = 4 0 4 1 4 (2) = 0 4 8 ,
3 0 4
4 (3) 4 0 4 4
12 0 16

1 2 3
2 3 2
A + B = 0 1 2 + 1 4 0 =
3 0 4
1 5 1

1 + 2 2 + 3 3 + (2)
3 5 1
= 0 + 1 1 + 4 2 + 0 = 1 5 2 ,
3 + 1 0 + 5 4 + 1
2 5 5

2 3 2
1 2 3
A B = 0 1 2 1 4 0 =
1 5 1
3 0 4

1 2 2 3 3 (2)
1 1 5
= 0 1 1 4 2 0 = 1 3 2 ,
3 1 0 5 4 1
4 5 3

1 2 3
2 3 2
A B = 0 1 2 1 4 0 =
3 0 4
1 5 1

12+21+31
13+24+35
1 (2) + 2 0 + 3 1
= 0 2 + 1 1 + (2) 1 0 3 + 1 4 + (2) 5 0 (2) + 1 0 + (2) 1 =
3 2 + 0 1 + 4 1 (3) 3 + 0 4 + 4 5 (3) (2) + 0 0 + 4 1

2 + 2 + 3 3 + 8 + 15 2 + 0 + 3
7 26 1
= 0 + 1 2 0 + 4 10 0 + 0 2 = 1 6 2 ,
6 + 0 + 4 9 + 0 + 20 6 + 0 + 4
2 11 10

1 2 3
3
A C = 0 1 2 1 =
3 0 4
7

1 3 + 2 (1) + 3 7
3 2 + 21
22
= 0 3 + 1 (1) + (2) 7 = 0 1 14 = 15 .
3 3 + 0 (1) + 4 7
9 + 0 + 28
19
2.
1. .

a11 x + a12 y + a13 z = b1 ,

a21 x + a22 y + a23 z = b2 ,
a x+a y+a z =b
31
32
33
3
7

(1)

 , ..


a11 a12 a13 


= a21 a22 a23  =
0.
a31 a32 a33 
(1) , :

x=



b1 a12 a13 


x = b2 a22 a23  ,
b3 a32 a33 

x
,

y=

y
,

z=



a11 b1 a13 


y = a21 b2 a23  ,
a31 b3 a33 

z
,



a11 a12 b1 


z = a21 a22 b2  .
a31 a32 b3 



a11 a12 a13 


= a21 a22 a23  =
a31 a32 a33 

= a11 a22 a33 + a12 a23 a31 + a13 a21 a32 a13 a22 a31 a11 a23 a32 a12 a21 a33 .
x , y , z .
2.1.

2x + 5y + 2z = 1,
x + 3y + 4z = 6,
3x + 2y z = 1.



2 5 2 


= 1 3 4  =
3 2 1

= 2 3 (1) + 5 4 3 + 2 1 2 2 3 3 2 4 2 5 1 (1) =
= 6 + 60 + 4 18 16 + 5 = 29.
= 29 = 0, , . x , y , z :






 1 5 2 
2 1

2 5 1 
2






x =  6 3 4  = 29, y = 1 6 4  = 29, z = 1 3 6  = 58.
1 2 1
3 1 1
3 2 1
8

x=

x
29
=
= 1,

29

y=

y
29
=
= 1,

29

z=

z
58
=
= 2.

29

: x = 1, y = 1, z = 2.
2. . (1) -

a11 a12 a13  b1

a21 a22 a23  b2 .

a31 a32 a33  b3

1 
0 1  .

0 0 1
- , .
:
1) ;
2) ( )
;
3) ( ) , ( ) .

x + y + z = ,

y + z = ,
z=
z , y , x.

2.2.

2x + 5y + 2z = 1,
x + 3y + 4z = 6,
3x + 2y z = 1.

2 5 2
1 3 4
3 2 1
9

 1

 6 .

 1

1 3 4  6
2 5 2  1 .

3 2 1  1
, 2.


1 3 4  6
0 1 6  11 .

3 2 1  1
, 3.


1 3
4  6
0 1 6  11 .

0 7 13  19
1.

1 3
4
0 1
6
0 7 13

 6

 11 .

 19

, 7.


1 3 4  6
0 1 6  11 .

0 0 29  58
29.

1 3 4  6
0 1 6  11 .

0 0 1 2

x + 3y + 4z = 6,

y + 6z = 11,
z = 2.

, y = 1, x = 1.

: x = 1, y = 1, z = 2.

10

 2
3. A, B , C ABC .

, . .
3.1. A (4, 1) ,
B (0, 2) ,
C (5, 10) .
3.2. A (7, 3) ,
B (5, 2) ,
C (8, 2) .
3.3. A (5, 1) ,
B (1, 4) ,
C (4, 8) .
3.4. A (14, 6) ,
B (2, 1) ,
C (1, 5) .
3.5. A (6, 0) ,
B (2, 3) ,
C (3, 9) .
3.6. A (9, 2) ,
B (3, 3) ,
C (6, 1) .
3.7. A (7, 4) ,
B (3, 7) ,
C (2, 5) .
3.8. A (8, 4) ,
B (4, 1) ,
C (7, 3) .
3.9. A (3, 3) ,
B (1, 6) , C (6, 6) .
3.10. A (6, 5) ,
B (6, 0) ,
C (9, 4) .
4. A, B , C . :

) AB ;

) AB AC ;

) AB AC ;

) AB AC ;
) AB ;
) ABC .
4.1. A (5, 4, 4) ,
B (7, 6, 5) , C (3, 4, 3) .
4.2. A (5, 2, 0) ,
B (2, 5, 0) ,
C (1, 2, 4) .
4.3. A (2, 0, 4) , B (1, 7, 1) , C (4, 8, 4) .
4.4. A (2, 1, 2) , B (1, 2, 1) , C (3, 2, 1) .
4.5. A (1, 2, 3) , B (4, 1, 0) , C (2, 1, 2) .
4.6. A (1, 1, 1) , B (2, 0, 3) , C (2, 1, 1) .
4.7. A (1, 2, 0) ,
B (1, 1, 2) , C (0, 1, 1) .
4.8. A (1, 0, 2) ,
B (1, 2, 1) , C (2, 2, 1) .
4.9. A (1, 3, 0) ,
B (4, 1, 2) , C (3, 0, 1) .
4.10. A (0, 3, 2) ,
B (1, 3, 6) , C (2, 4, 2) .

2
3.

A B A(x1 , y1 ), B(x2 , y2 ) ,
A B ,

y y1
x x1
=
.
x2 x1
y2 y1
,
ax + by = c.
11

ax + by < c ax + by > c.
,
ax + by = c .
,
, N , . , , N , , , N .
3. A(2, 1), B(6, 3), C(4, 5) -

ABC . , . .
. -

,
AB C , BC
A, CA B .
.
AB :

x2 y1
=
62
31

x 2y = 0.

C , 425 =
= 6 < 0. ,

x 2y < 0.
, , BC
A,

x + y < 9,
, CA B , 

2x y > 3.

, ABC

x 2y < 0,

x + y < 9,
2x y > 3.
. 1.
12

. 1. .
4. .

A B A(Ax ; Ay ; Az ), B(Bx ; By ; Bz )
AB

AB = {Bx Ax ; By Ay ; Bz Az }.
a b

a = {ax ; ay ; az } b = {bx ; by ; bz }.
a |a|

|a| =

a2x + a2y + a2z .

a b (a, b), a b
ab

(a, b) = ax bx + ay by + az bz .
a
a b

 i j

[a, b] = ax ay
 bx by

b [a, b]


k 
az  ,
bz 

i, j , k  , Ox, Oy , Oz .
13

(
)

a b cos (a, b)
(
)
(a, b)

cos (a, b) =
.
|a| |b|
, A B A(Ax ; Ay ; Az ), B(Bx ; By ; Bz ),

x Ax
y Ay
z Az
=
=
,
ax
ay
az

a = {ax ; ay ; az } = AB  AB .
, A, B , C ,

+ By
+ Cz
+D
= 0,
Ax
[ ]

A, B , C  c = AB, AC , D

A .
[
]
c = AB, AC .

4.

A(3; 5; 4), B(2; 1; 1),

C(4; 3; 6). :

1) AB ;

2) AB AC ;

3) AB AC ;

4) AB AC ;
5) AB ;
6) ABC .

. 1) AB .

AB = {2 3; 1 (5); 1 4} = {1; 4; 3}.

AB .

|AB| = (1)2 + 42 + (3)2 = 1 + 16 + 9 = 26.

2) AC .

AC = {4 3; 3 (5); 6 4} = {7; 8; 2}.

AB AC .
( )
AB, AC = ({1; 4; 3}, {7; 8; 2}) = 1 (7) + 4 8 + (3) 2 = 33.
14

3) AB AC .


[ ]  i j k 
AB, AC = 1 4 3 =
7 8 2 

= i 4 2 + j (3) (7) + k (1) 8 k 4 (7) j (1) 2 i (3) 8 =

= 8i + 21j 8k + 28k + 2j + 24i = 32i + 23j + 20k = {32; 23; 20}.

4) AB AC

AC .

|AC| =

(7)2 + 82 + 22 =

49 + 64 + 4 =

117.

.
( )
( )
AB, AC
cos (AB, AC) = =

|AB| |AC|

33

=
26 117

33
3 11
11

= .
=
=
2 13 9 13
2 13 3 13 13 2

5) AB . .

x3 y+5 z4
=
=
.
1
4
3
6) ABC .
= 0.
32x + 23y + 20z + D

A. D
A .

=0
32 3 + 23 (5) + 20 4 + D

= 61.
D

32x + 23y + 20z 61 = 0.

3
5. .

5.1.
5.2.

x1
x1 x2 + 4x 5
x2 1
) lim 2
x1 2x x 1

x + 3x2
x 4 2x2
1 6x + 7x2
a) lim
x
3 x2
a) lim

) lim

15

6x4 + 2x2 3
x2 6x + 5
5.3. a) lim
) lim 2
x
x1 2x x 1
1 2x4
3
2
2x + 3x + 4x
x2 4
5.4. a) lim
) lim 2
x 1 + 15x x3
x2 x 3x + 2
2
x2 25
5x + 4x + 1
5.5. a) lim
) lim 2
x 3 + x 2x2
x5 x 4x 5
4
3
2
7x 3x + 2x
x2 4x
5.6. a) lim
)
lim
x
x4 x2 3x 4
5 2x4
1 + 2x + 3x2
x2 + 4x + 4
5.7. a) lim
)
lim
x 5 6x 2x2
x2 x2 + 7x + 10
5
3
2x + 3x + x
x2 + 3x + 2
5.8. a) lim
)
lim
x 1 + x2 3x5
x1 x2 x 2
x 3x2 + 2x3
x2 + 2x 3
5.9. a) lim
)
lim
x 5x3 6x2 + 3x + 2
x3 x2 + 4x + 3
4
2
2x + 3x + 4
x2 1
5.10. a) lim
) lim 2
x 6x4 x3 + x2
x1 x 4x + 3
6. .
6.1. a) y = ex arccos x
6.2. ) y = x5 ln x
1 cos x
x3 3
) y = x
) y =
2 +3
arctg x
) y = arctg (ln x)
) y =
cos3 x 2arcsin x

1 + x2
3
) y = 2 4x + 3
) y =
1x
x2 + 1
sin 3x
1
) y =
) y = 5
cos2 x
tg 5x

3
6.3. a) y = log3 x arcsin x
6.4. ) y = x2 cos x
sin x
x + ex
) y =
) y =
1 + cos x
x
ex

1
1 x2
) y = x3 ln x +
) y =
x
x x
4
) y = (ecos x + 3)
) y = 3 arctg + earcsin x
3
1
) y = 5x+arctg x
) y = 3sin x
6.5. a) y = x10 log2 x
6.6. ) y = 3x tg x
2x
2x
) y =
) y = 2
cos x + 5
x + x
4
)5
(
sin x
) y =
) y = 3 + 2x2
ctg x

(
)

1
) y = ln x + x2 + 1
) y = 3 ctg
x
) y = e3x arcsin 2x
) y = earctg x
16

6.7.

6.9.

7
x3 sin x
4 + x3
) y =
x ctg x
1
) y = tg2 x +
cos x

1
) y = 2x x2 + 3
3x
) y = e2x ln (1 + x2 )

a) y = 5 x 3x
x2 + 5x 6
) y =
ln x
1
) y =
+ ln (tg x)
2 sin2 x
1
) y = e cos x

2 x1
) y =
3 x+1
a) y =

6.8.

) y = log5 x arccos x

ex
) y =
1 x2
(

1
) y = x + 3x +
x

)10

) y = 3 sin 2x cos2 x

) y = ( ln (x2 +) 1)
6.10. ) y = x3 + 3x4 log3 x

1 + cos x
1 cos x
1
) y = ctg3 x
sin x
ln (x2 + 2x)
) y =
3x
) y =

) y = x 5 x

z z

.
x y
x
7.6. z = x2 sin
y
y
x
7.7. z = y e
2
x2 y 2
7.8. z = x

e
(
)
7.9. z = x2 y 2 cos xy
y
7.10. z = arctg
x

7.

y
x2 y 2
= x arcsin (xy)
2
2
= y 2 e(x +y
)
= exy 2x + y 2
(
)
= y ln x2 y 2

7.1.

z=

7.2.
7.3.
7.4.

z
z
z

7.5.

3
5.

x
( ), x. .
:

1
= .
x0 x

1
= 0,
x x

lim

lim

5.

4x3 + 7x2 5
.
lim
x 2x2 9x3 + 8x
17

. x

, . x []
, . ,
.

x3 .
, x3 . x3 . x , ,
, .
7
5

)
4x + 7x 5
3
x
x
lim
=
=
= lim
8
x 2x2 9x3 + 8x
x 3 2

x ( 9 + 2)
x
x
7
5
4+ 3
x x = 4 + 0 0 = 4.
= lim
8
x 2
09+0
9
9+ 2
x
x
4
: .
9
3

[]

x3 (4 +

5.

2x2 + 3x 9
lim
.
x3
9 x2
. x

3, 0. x []
0
.
3, 0. ,
0

. (x + 3)
x 3.
[ ]
2x2 + 3x 9
(x + 3)(2x 3)
0
lim
=
=
lim
=
x3
x3 (3 x)(3 + x)
9 x2
0
3
2x 3 2(3) 3 9
=
=
= .
= lim
x3 3 x
3 (3)
6
2
6.

18

(c) = 0 (c  ),

x = 1,

(xn ) = nxn1 ,

(ex ) = ex ,

(sin x) = cos x,

(arcsin x) =

(ax ) = ax ln a,

(cos x) = sin x,

1
,
x
1
,
(loga x) =
x ln a

(tg x) =

1
,
cos2 x
1
(ctg x) = 2 ,
sin x

(ln x) =

1
,
1 x2
1
(arccos x) =
,
1 x2
1
(arctg x) =
,
1 + x2
1
(arcctg x) =
,
1 + x2

, ,

(u + v) = u + v ,

(u v) = u v ,
(cu) = cu (c  ),
( u ) u v uv

(uv) = u v + uv ,
=
v
v2

:
u = g(x) x = x0 ,
y = f (u) u0 = g(x0 ). ,
f (g(x)) x = x0 ,

[f (g(x0 ))] = f (u0 ) g (x0 ).

:
yx = yu ux .
(2)

6a. :

5,

3
ln tg ,
7

6x ,

log3 x.

. ,

5 = 0,

3
ln tg
7

= 0.

6x log3 x ( a = 6) ( a = 3) , :

(6x ) = 6x ln 6,

(log3 x) =

1
.
x ln 3

6. :

x17 ,

1
,
x

x,
19

x2 ,

.
5
x7

. ,

(xn ) = nxn1 . :
( 17 )
171
16

x
= 17x
= 17x ;
( )
(
)
1
1
= x1 = 1 x11 = x2 = 2 ;
x
x
(
)

( )
1
1 1
1 1
1
1 1
x = x 2 = x 2 1 = x 2 = 1 = ;
2
2
2 x2
2 x
( ) ( 2 ) 2 2
2 1
2 1
2
3
;
x2 = x 3 = x 3 1 = x 3 = 1 =
3
3
3 x3
33x
(
)
( ) (
)
1
1
7 7
7 12
7 1
7
75

=
= x 5 1 = x 5 = 12 =
= x
.
7
5
5
5
5
5 x5
x5
x7
5 x12
6. :

1
2 tg x ctg x
x3 + 2x2 + 5x + 1 x13 arcctg x
2
5 ln x,
+
, (x + x) cos x,
,
.
x3
3
4
x 2 + 2x
lg x
(

) ( )
( 3 )
1
1

5
ln
x
5 (ln x) =
=

(5
ln
x)
=
x
3
3
x
x
1
3
5
3 + 5x3
4
= 3x 5 = 4 =
.
x
x
x
x4
)
) (
)
(
(
(
) (
)
2 tg x ctg x
2 tg x
ctg x
2
1
+
=
+
=
tg x +
ctg x =
3
4
3
4
3
4
)
(
2
1
2
1
1
1
2
1
=
= (tg x) + (ctg x) =
+ 2

.
2
2
3
4
3 cos x 4
3 cos x 4 sin2 x
sin x
( 2
)
(x + x) cos x = (x2 + x) cos x + (x2 + x)(cos x) =
= (2x + 1) cos x + (x2 + x)( sin x).
(

)
x3 + 2x2 + 5x + 1
=
x2 + 2x
(x3 + 2x2 + 5x + 1) (x2 + 2x ) (x3 + 2x2 + 5x + 1)(x2 + 2x )
=
=
(x2 + 2x )2

(3x2 + 4x + 5)(x2 + 2x ) (x3 + 2x2 + 5x + 1)(2x + 2x ln 2)

.
=
(x2 + 2x )2

20

 lg x  , lg x = log10 x. :
)
( 13
)
( 13
) ( 13

x arcctg x lg x x arcctg x (lg x)

x arcctg x
=
=
lg x
(lg x)2
(( )
)
(
)
1

13
13
x
arcctg x + x (arcctg x) lg x x13 arcctg x
x ln 10 =
=
2
lg x
(
(
))
1
1
13
13x12 arcctg x + x13

lg
x

x
arcctg
x
1 + x2
x ln 10
=
=
2
lg x
x13 lg x x12 arcctg x
12
13x arcctg x lg x

2
1
+
x
ln 10
=
.
2
lg x
2
6. : ln sin x, ex .

. ln sin x.

y = ln u,

u = sin x, y = ln sin x.

(2) :

yu = (ln u)u =

1
,
u

ux = (sin x)x = cos x,

(ln sin x) = yx = yu ux =

1
1
cos x =
cos x = ctg x.
u
sin x

1
1
(sin x) =
cos x = ctg x.
sin x
sin x
2
ex .
(ln sin x) =

y = eu ,

u = x2 , y = ex .

(2) :
( 2 )

u
u

yu = (e )u = e ,

yx

x2

= e

ux = x

= 2x,

= yu ux = eu 2x = ex 2x = 2xex .
2

21

 :
( 2 )
2
2

y (x) = ex

= ex (x2 ) = ex 2x = 2xex .
2

6. :

ex ,
.

(tg
(

x)3 ,

arctg2 ex ,

cos log6 5x log6 cos 5.

)
ex = ex (x) = ex (1) = ex .

( 3 )

(tg x) = 3(tg x)2 (tg x) = 3(tg x)2

(
x) =
cos2 x

2 1
1
3 tg2 x
=
.
= 3(tg x)
cos2 x 2 x 2 x cos2 x
((
)
) )
(
)
(
x 2
2 x
= 2 arctg ex arctg ex =
= arctg e
arctg e
( x )
1
1
x
= 2 arctg ex

e
=
2
arctg
e

ex (x) =
2
2x
1+e
1 + (ex )
1
2ex arctg ex
x
x
= 2 arctg e
e (1) =
.
1 + e2x
1 + e2x
(cos log6 5x log6 cos 5) = (cos log6 5x) (log6 cos 5) = (cos log6 5x) 0 =
1
(5x) =
= sin log6 5x (log6 5x) = sin log6 5x
(5x) ln 6
1
sin log6 5x
= sin log6 5x
5=
.
5x ln 6
x ln 6
log6 cos 5 , (log6 cos 5) = 0.
7.

. . x, y
. y , x .

z
= zx 
x
z
x,
= zy  y .
y
:

22

 7. zx zy

z = x2 y 3 4x3 y 2 + 5x 4y + 1,

z = (x2 + y 2 )exy .

z = x2 y 3 4x3 y 2 + 5x 4y + 1.
x y (, ).

z
= zx = (x2 y 3 4x3 y 2 +5x4y+1)x = (x2 y 3 )x (4x3 y 2 )x +(5x)x (4y)x +1x =
x
= y 3 (x2 )x 4y 2 (x3 )x + 5 0 + 0 = y 3 2x 4y 2 3x2 + 5 =
= 2xy 3 12x2 y 2 + 5.
y x (, ).

z
= zy = (x2 y 3 4x3 y 2 +5x4y+1)y = (x2 y 3 )y (4x3 y 2 )y +(5x)y (4y)y +1y =
y
= x2 (y 3 )y 4x3 (y 2 )y + 0 4 + 0 = x2 3y 2 4x3 2y 4 =
= 3x2 y 2 8x3 y 4.
z = (x2 + y 2 )exy .

)
(
z
= zx = (x2 + y 2 )exy x = (x2 + y 2 )x exy + (x2 + y 2 )(exy )x =
x (
)
= (x2 )x + (y 2 )x exy + (x2 + y 2 )exy (xy)x = (2x + 0)exy + (x2 + y 2 )exy y =
= 2xexy + (x2 y + y 3 )exy = (2x + x2 y + y 3 )exy .
(
)
z
= zy = (x2 + y 2 )exy y = (x2 + y 2 )y exy + (x2 + y 2 )(exy )y =
y
(
)
= (x2 )y + (y 2 )y exy + (x2 + y 2 )exy (xy)y = (0 + 2y)exy + (x2 + y 2 )exy x =

= 2yexy + (x3 + xy 2 )exy = (2y + x3 + xy 2 )exy .

4
8. -

.
8.1.
8.2.

x2 2
) y = (x 8)
4
) y = 3x4 4x3

x3 + 4
) y =
x2
2
) y = 2
x + 2x

23

1
(x2 4)2
16
3
x
(x 4)
27
x2
(32 x2 )
64
x3
y = (8 3x)
16
1
y = (x2 3)2
9
x2 2
y = (x 18)
27

8.3.

) y =

8.4.

8.5.

8.6.

8.7.

8.8.

8.9.

) y = 3x5 5x3

) y =

x4
8.10. ) y = (x 5)
64

) y =

) y =
) y =
) y =
) y =
) y =

x2 4x + 1
x4
4x
(x + 1)2
3x4 + 1
x3
4
3 + 2x x2
3x 2
x3
2
x 3x + 3
x1
8(x 1)
(x + 1)2
x
x2 4

4
8.

.
1. .
2. .
3. .
4.
.
5. ; ; .
6. , .
7. , .
8. , .
, .
8. -

y = x(x + 1)(x 1).

.

24

y = x(x + 1)(x 1) = x(x2 1) = x3 x.

1.  .
2. .
3. .
4. Ox: x = 0, x = 1,
x = 1. Oy y = 0.
(1; 0) (1; +) (; 1) (0; 1).
5. .
:

lim x(x + 1)(x 1) = +,

lim x(x + 1)(x 1) = .

x+

y
= lim (x + 1)(x 1) = .
x x
x
, , , , . ,
.
6. : y = 3x2 1. , : 3x2 1 = 0, x = 13 ,
(
) (
)
1
1
1

; +
x = 3 . , ; 3
3
(
)
, 13 ; 13  .
k = lim

y
y

+ max
13

min +

JJ
^

1

3

. 2. .
(. 2) , x = 13 -

, x =

1
3

 .

: xmax = 13 ,

ymax = 32 3 ; xmin = 13 , ymin = 32 3 .

7. : y = 6x. , : 6x = 0,
x = 0.
(. 3), , x = 0
. (; 0) ,
(0; +)  . : y = 0.
25

 y
y

. 3. .
8. . 4.
(..
).

. 4. y = x(x + 1)(x 1).

8. -

x3
y =
.
2(x + 1)2
.

1.  , x = 1.
2. .
3. , .
4. 
(0; 0). x > 0 x < 0.
5. x = 1.
:

x3
lim
= ,
x 2(x + 1)2
x3
lim
= ,
x1 2(x + 1)2

x3
lim
= +,
x+ 2(x + 1)2
x3
lim
= .
x1+ 2(x + 1)2

26

 , x = 1
. x = 1 .
y = kx + b:

y
x3
1
k = lim = lim
=
,
x x
x 2x(x + 1)2
2
)
(
1
x3
x = 1.
b = lim (y kx) = lim
x
x 2(x + 1)2
2
1
2

: y = x 1.

x2 (x + 3)
6. : y =
. 2(x + 1)3
, : x = 0, x = 3. (; 3) (1; 0) (0; +) (3; 1).
(. 5) , x = 3 , x = 0 . :
3
ymax = 3 . (; 3), (1; 0) (0; +)
8
, (3; 1)  .

y
y

+


-3
max

JJ
^

-1

+


+
0

. 5. .

3x
.
(x + 1)4
, : x = 0.
(0; +) (; 1) (1; 0).
(. 6) , x = 0 .
y = 0. (; 1) (1; 0) , (0; +)  .
7. : y =

y
y

-1

. 6. .
8. . 7.

27

x3
. 7. y =
.
2(x + 1)2

1. .. .  .: , 2012.
2. .. .  .: ,
2012.
3. .. :
 .: -, 2009.

28


. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5
1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6
2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28

29