MERA VoIP Transit Softswitch v 3.1.

MERA

MERA VoIP Transit Softswich v 3.1.2

:
:

C o p yr igh t 199 9-2 00 4 M er a S ys te ms Inc . S y s te ms Inc .

A l l r ig h ts r es er ve d .
M era Sys tems Inc . Sys te ms Inc .

.

, ,
M era Sys te ms Inc . Sys te ms Inc.
, ,
, , ,
,
Mer a Sys te ms Inc . Sys tems In c .
,
.


1 ,

02.09.05

Release

azharkov:

show call (: sh ca [-dstname ...] [srcname ...]),

02.09.05

Release

azharkov: ACD (
)

02.09.05

Release

azharkov: CDR: PDD Time

PDD Reason

02.09.05

Release

azharkov: show dp

02.09.05

Release

azharkov : 130

02.09.05

Release

azharkov: access request

RADIUS .

02.09.05

Release

azharkov: email
MVTS

02.09.05

Release

azharkov: AccessAccept
.

15.09.05

Release

azharkov:
,

,
di gk
CDR-,
CDR
SRC-RTP-IP
DST-RTP-IP
19.09.05

Release

azharkov:

20.09.05

Release

azharkov:

22.11.05

Release

askudalov: RAS, user.cfg

30.01.06

Release

ozabytina: show

7.3

snmp di gk all
132, 213, 134, 135,
136, 137
28.02.2006

Release

ozabytina: show
media (
MVTS) show converter (
SIP-HIT).

06.03.2006

Release

ozabytina:
MVTS

20.04.2006

Release

azharkov:

11.07.2006

Release

azharkov: SNMP-

.................................................................................................................. 12
1.1.
1.2.
1.3.
1.4.

............................................................................................................. 12
.............................................................................................................. 12
.......................................................................... 12
..................................................................................... 12

MVTS ............................................................................... 14
2.1. .................................................................................................... 14
2.2 ............................................................................ 14
2.3 MVTS ......................................................................................... 16
2.4 MVTS ............................................................................... 17
2.4.1 ................................................... 17
2.4.2 ................................................................ 18
2.4.3 MVTS (SMVTS) ......................................................................... 19
2.4.4 Media MVTS ..................................................................................................... 19
2.5 SIPHIT .................................................................................................... 19
2.6 MVTS TAP ............................................................................................... 20

.............................................................................................................. 22
3.1 ................................................................................... 22
3.1.1 .............................................................. 22
3.1.2 .......................................................................................... 23
3.1.3 .................................................................................... 24
3.2 ....................................................... 24
3.2.1 ........................................................................................... 24
3.2.2 ................................................................................... 25
3.2.3 .......................................................... 25
3.3 MVTS........................................................................... 26
3.4 .............................................................. 30
3.4.1 (firewall)............................................................................ 30
3.4.2 HASP- ..................................................................................................... 30

MVTS.................................................................................................. 32
4.1
4.2

.................................................................... 32
............................................................ 33

MVTS......................................................................................... 35
5.1 ............................................................................ 35
5.1.1 MVTS............................. 36
5.1.2 .......................................................... 37
5.2 CDR- ....................................................................................... 64
5.3 MVTS ................................................................................... 68
5.3.1 ............................................................................ 69
5.3.2 ................................................................................... 70
5.3.2.1 ........................................................................ 70
5.3.2.2 ................................................................. 70

5.3.2.3 .................................................................... 72
5.3.2.4 ....................................................................................... 72
5.3.3 ..................................................................... 72
5.4 WEB- MVTS (MVTS WEB MONITOR) ................................................ 74
5.4.1 Web-................................................. 74
5.4.2 .......................................................................... 78
5.5 MVTS ............................................................................................................. 80
5.5.1 ........................................................................ 80
5.5.2 mp_kernel.sh.................................................................. 82
5.6 / ...................................................... 82
5.6.1 rotate.cfg .................................................................................................. 82
5.7 ,
............................................................................................................... 84
6

.............................................. 85
6.1

....................................................... 89

........................................................................... 93
7.1 ..................................................................... 93
7.2 MVTS RADIUS- ................................................... 95
7.2.1 ......... 95
7.2.2 ......................................................................................... 96
7.2.3 (
Accounting Request).......................................................................................... 98
7.2.4 Radius .............................................. 104
7.2.5 , RADIUS- ............ 108
7.2.6 RAS-,
user.cfg............................................................................................................. 108
7.3 ................ 112
7.3.1 Red Hat
Linux ................................................................................................................ 112
7.3.2 FreeBSD............ 115
7.4 MVTS .............. 116
7.4.1 dst_pattern src_pattern .................................................... 116
7.4.2 ...................................................................................... 117
7.5 ...................... 120
7.6 MVTS ....................................................................................... 121
7.7 ........................................................................................................ 121
7.8 ......................................................................................................... 122

................. 125

SNMP- ............................................................. 128

MVTS .............. 133

D ............................. 139
VoIP- .................................................................................... 139
....................................................................... 139


1 , .................................................................... 3
2 ....................................................................... 11
3 , ...................................... 12
4 ( ) ..................................... 22
5 (
) ........................................................................................................................ 22
6 ( ) ............................... 23
7 MVTS .......................................................................... 26
8 MVTS ................................................................... 32
9 , show call .......................... 43
10 , show call ICN ........................... 44
11 , sh ep .................................................................. 49
12 , show dp ........ 51
13 show redundancy....................................................... 58
14 show snmp................................................................. 60
15 (CDR) .............................................. 64
16 MVTS (mp_kerneld.x) ......................... 80
17 ...................................... 89
18 AccessRequest MVTS RADIUS-
RAS-.................................................................................. 95
19 AccessAccept RADIUS-
RAS- ........................................................................................................ 96
20 AccessRequest MVTS RADIUS-
.................................................. 96
21 AccessAccept RADIUS
................................................... 98
22 (Accounting Start), RADIUS
............................................................................................................................ 99
23 (Accounting Stop), RADIUS
...................................................................................................................................... 101
24 RADIUS ....................... 105
25 AccessAccept RADIUS
........................................................................................................... 107
26 , ........................................... 121
27 ....................................................................................... 122

 28 .............................................................................. 126
29 , MVTS.............. 133


. 1 MVTS ............................................................................................. 16
. 2 MVTS .............................................................. 17
. 3 MVTS............................................................... 18
. 4 SIP-HIT SIP H.323 ......... 20
. 5 MVTS MVTS TAP ..................................................... 21
. 6 MVTS ..................................................................... 28
. 7 MVTS .......................................................................... 36
. 8 help ............................................................................................. 38
. 9 reload config............................................................................... 39
. 10 MVTS .................................................................................................. 40
. 11 MVTS .................................................................................................... 40
. 12 .................................................................................................. 41
. 13 show call................................................................................... 41
. 14 show call table .............................................. 42
. 15 show call table name ............................. 42
. 16 sh ca 43
. 17 show dial................................................................................... 46
. 18 show stat rt................................................................................ 46
. 19 ...................................................... 48
. 20 show stat param ........................................................................ 49
. 21 , sh dp ........................................ 51
. 22 , show gw......................................... 52
. 23 .............................................. 53
. 24 SIP-HIT ............................................... 54
. 25 IP-.................................................. 55
. 26 show media................................................................................... 55
. 27 MVTS ......................................................................... 57
. 28 show stat src <name> ............................................................... 58
. 29 sh re .......................................................................................... 58
. 30 show snmp ................................................................................ 60
. 31 sh gk.............................................................................................. 62
. 32 web- ................................................................... 74

. 33 ............................................................................ 75
. 34 ........................................................................................... 76
. 35 ............................................................. 77
. 36 ............................................................... 77
. 37 web-............................................................... 79
. 38 ................................................................. 80
. 39 () ................................................................... 80
. 40 RADIUS .............................................................. 109
. 41 - MD5 ............................................................. 110
. 42 CHAP- .................................................................... 111
. 43 - .................................................................................. 112

10

[1]

ITU-T Recommendation H.323 Packet-based multimedia

communications systems

[2]

RFC 1889 RTP: A Transport Protocol for Real-Time

Applications. Audio-Video

[3]

ITU-T Recommendation H.245

multimedia communication

[4]

ITU-T Recommendation H.225, Call signaling protocols and

media stream packetization for packet based multimedia
communication systems

[5]

Remote Authentication Dial-In User Service (RADIUS), RFC

2138,
April
1997
(http://www.pasteur.fr/cgibin/mfs/01/21xx/2138?8#mfs)
ITU-T Recommendation Q.931: ISDN user-network interface
layer 3 specification for basic call control

[6]

Control

protocol

for

[7]

RADIUS
Accounting,
RFC
2139,
April
(http://www.pasteur.fr/cgi-bin/mfs/01/21xx/2139)

1997

[8]

Jeffrey Friedl Mastering Regular Expressions, OReilly,

1997, ISBN: 5-318-00056-8

[9]

FreeBSD Handbook. The FreeBSD Documentation Project.

Copyright 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002
by The FreeBSD Documentation Project
Red Hat Linux Manuals. Red Hat Linux 7.2. x86 Installation
Guide, Getting Started Guide, Customization Guide,
Reference Guide. Copyright by Red Hat Inc.

[10]

ITU-T Recommendation T.38 Procedures for real-time Group

3 facsimile communication over IP networks, June 1998

[11]

Mozilla Public License, version 1.1.

http://www.mozilla.org/MPL/MPL-1.1.html

[12]

MVTS

[13]

MVTS Management System

[14]

MVTS

[15]

MVTS-

[16]

MVTS

11

1
1.1.
MERA VoIP Transit Softswitch
v.3.1.2 ( MVTS), , .

MVTS.

1.2.
,
, MVTS. ,
UNIX-
(FreeBSD, Red Hat Linux) .

1.3.
, , ( 3).
3 ,

,
.

[N]

void

, ,

,
,
..

[user@localhost]# cat
user.cfg

CallingStationId

Setup

ulimit

,
.

call_radix=

1.4.
:
1: .

12

 2: MVTS :
, , , ,
,
.
3: MVTS,
, ,
MVTS ,
.
4: MVTS
MVTS , .
5: MVTS ,
,
. ,
MVTS: MVTS
MVTS Web Monitor. , CDR, ,
MVTS.
6:
, .

, .
7: ,
,
MVTS, ,
MVTS RADIUS-, ,
, , .
A .
B SNMP-.
C MVTS.
D VoIP- (, , ), MVTS.

13

2 MVTS
2.1.
MERA VoIP Transit Softswitch ( MVTS) - VoIP (gatekeeper)
. MVTS - ,
VoIP- IP .
, MVTS
,
:

SIP H.323,
( SIP-HIT)

RADIUS-

(Call Detail
Records), RADIUS API

(, Cisco VocalTec).

( 40 000
) .

(Load Balancing) (bandwidth
management).

2.2

H.323 v.2

H.245 v.7, H.225 v.4

SIP v.2 RFC 2543bis ( SIP-HIT)

RTP/RTCP

T.38, T.120

SNMP v.1 (statistics and trap)

14

MD5, CHAP

RADIUS ( )

RADIUS Attribute 44 VSA ( ) [6]

Linux Red Hat 9.0;

Linux Red Hat Enterprise 3.0, 4.0;

Linux Red Hat Advanced Server 3;

Linux Fedora Core 3,4;

FreeBSD 5.0 ( ).

: MVTS
Linux 2.4 2.6.

log extractor
(Call ID)
MVTS Manager
: ,
(log rotation)

SNMP- MVTS Manager

SNMP-
'watch dog'
email
MVTS- (system redundancy) [14]
RADIUS-

( )
, E1: 30
1500

15

 -
4 500 40 000

2.3

MVTS

. 1 MVTS
, MVTS,
RADIUS.

. 1 MVTS
MVTS
media-.
( )
,
1 200 .
,
MVTS
.
MVTS VoIP-
.

16

2.4

MVTS

MVTS ( media-, ..)
MVTS [16].
2.4.1
MVTS media-
media-, MMVTS (Media
MVTS). , ,
, RADIUS-
, MVTS (SMVTS).
, ..
, SMVTS MMVTS
( ).
, ()
:

c MVTS (SMVTS),

Media MVTS

Media MVTS ,
MVTS
Media MVTS. ,
,
.

. 2 MVTS
, MVTS Media
MVTS ( 1 200 ), Media MVTS

17

 MVTS,
, .
(Load Balancer).
. 3 MVTS,
.

. 3 MVTS
,
MVTS, . Load Balancer,
, 4-5
MVTS.
2.4.2
, ,

MVTS. Load Balancer
SMVTS . ,
, MVTS
, SMVTS .
MVTS
.

18

2.4.3 MVTS (SMVTS)

MVTS
MVTS, : SMVTS
, .
2.4.4 MEDIA MVTS
MMVTS ,
( ) .
Media MVTS :
-
-
- RADIUS-
-
-

2.5

SIPHIT

MVTS H.323, ,
MVTS, ,
.
SIP-HIT (SIP-H.323 Interprotocol Translator)
SIP H.323.
SIP-HIT
MVTS

VoIP-
(SIP H.323).
SIP-HIT :

SIP- H.323- .

VoIP-
.

, H.323.

( ,
NAT-).

SIP-HIT MVTS

.

19

. 4 SIP-HIT
SIP H.323

SIP-HIT :

SIP H.323

(G.729, G.729A, G.723.1, G.711A-LAW, G.711mLAW)

SIP- ( Digest md5 hash)

T.38

(,

MVTS SIP-HIT [12].

2.6

MVTS TAP

MVTS-TAP -
- ()
IP (VoIP). MVTS-TAP
MVTS,

.
MVTS TAP
MVTS .
MVTS-TAP MVTS
( ).

20

 ,
MVTS.
RTP-
MVTS,
E1.
MVTS-TAP
.

Intel .

- ,
MVTS
.

MVTS MVTS TAP . 5.

. 5 MVTS MVTS TAP

MVTS TAP, MVTS,
[15].

21

3
3.1

, MVTS.
: ,
.
MVTS.
3.1.1
, MVTS,
, ,
, .
MVTS
( )
( 4).
4 ( )

Pentium III 833/256Mb RAM/10Gb SCSI

HDD

Pentium III 1,4/1024Mb RAM/10Gb SCSI

HDD

Dual Pentium III 1,4/1024Mb RAM/20Gb

SCSI HDD

(
), 5
- .
5 (
)

30

Pentium III 833/256Mb RAM/10 Gb SCSI HDD

60

Pentium III 833/512Mb RAM/10 Gb SCSI HDD

120

Pentium III 933/512Mb RAM/10 Gb SCSI HDD

22

300
Pentium III 1.2/512Mb RAM/10 Gb SCSI HDD

600
Pentium IV 1.4/1024Mb RAM/20 Gb SCSI HDD

1000
Pentium IV 1.8/1024Mb RAM/20 Gb SCSI HDD

6 ,
, (
).
6 ( )

30

Pentium III 800/256Mb RAM/10 Gb SCSI HDD

60

Pentium III 933/512Mb RAM/10 Gb SCSI HDD

120

Pentium III 1.15/512Mb RAM/20 Gb SCSI HDD

300

Pentium IV 1.8/1024Mb RAM/40 Gb SCSI HDD

600

Xeon Pentium IV 2.4/2048Mb RAM/40 Gb SCSI HDD

1000 Dual Xeon Pentium IV 2.0/2048Mb RAM/40 Gb SCSI

HDD

: 300
, 1Gbit
Ethernet.

3.1.2
MVTS ,
, .

.

23

 MVTS Ethernet,
100Mbps. ,
, (fullduplex).
MVTS
(G.729) 100Mbps
1100 .

.323
RADIUS.
,

(, Gigabit Ethernet).
3.1.3
MVTS 3.1.2
:

Linux Red Hat 9.0;

Linux Red Hat Enterprise 3.0, 4.0;

Linux Red Hat Advanced Server 3;

Linux Fedora Core 3,4;

FreeBSD 5.0 ( ).

, ,
,
..

,
.

3.2

,
MVTS .
3.2.1
MVTS
.

24

 MVTS,

1 :

MVTS
2.

[9].
1.

, CDR (RADIUS ),
5
billing/. ,
MVTS.

debug/.
core-. , MVTS
,
. ,
.

3.2.2
MVTS
. ,
(fifo) . ,

() .
, MVTS
,
,
.

7.3.
3.2.3

(accounts),

.
1

, MVTS
, , ..
.

25

 MVTS ,
( 7).
7 MVTS

Admin

.
,

,
.

Billing

.

billing/.

,
(show call),
(show dp).

Support

.

( show: show call, show dial,
show stat

.. ).
, MVTS
(start, stop ).

MVTS setup.sh.

3.3

MVTS

MVTS ,
tar.gz . ,

. , MVTS1.1-linux-x86-7.2.tar.gz MVTS 2.1,
RedHat Linux 7.2 (
x86).
MVTS :

setup.sh,
MVTS, ..

26

, , MVTS

.

MVTS
(mp_kerneld.x mp_kerneld.sh).

(mp_shell.x mp_shell.sh).

(meraproxy.cfg, gateway.cfg,
dialpeer.cfg,
gatekeeper.cfg,
user.cfg).

MVTS.

MVTS :

HASP- Linux Red Hat

rpm-

).

MVTS,
Mozilla Public License (MPL) [11].

MVTS :
1. root
2.
(, /usr/local)

3. , ,
[root@localhost]# cd /usr/local

4.
MVTS

# tar xvzf MVTS-1.1-linux-x86-7.2.tar.gz

5.

./mvts

6. setup.sh
]# ./setup.sh

.
,
:
Setup finished successfully

27

. 6 MVTS

28

 bin/
setup.sh,
.
, (
), MVTS RAS MVTS.
: <file_name>_time,
<file_name> - "file=" [Statistics],
meraproxy.cfg
.
, . (src/dst)
MVTS ( ),

/RAS-,

/ .
:
src ata 5
src sp 0
src user7001 0
dst ata 5
dst sp 0
MVTS cfg/.
MVTS
(meraproxy.cfg, gateway.cfg, dialpeer.cfg, user.cfg, gatekeeper.cfg rotate.cfg), a
synchro/.
( start reload config),
MVTS synchro/ , (
) .
() CDR-,
billing/. , MVTS
. CDR bill_<>_<>, <> - :
yyyymmdd, <> - : hhmmss, bill
. CDR
: bill20020327_113000. , ,
-.
MVTS debug/logs/.
, , CDR. logs_<>_< >,
<> - : yyyymmdd, <> -
: hhmmss, logs
.

29

log20020327_120000.
. , , ..
MVTS core, mp_kerneld.sh debug/cores/. Core-


MVTS. core-
mp_kerneld.sh ulimit -c 10000000.

, core- 100 MB.
tmp/ , MVTS.
MVTS.
doc/ , .

3.4

3.4.1 (FIREWALL)

MVTS ,
(firewall), ,
MVTS .
RAS-, ,
RADIUS- ,
.
,
, , ,
( 1024 65535),
MVTS :
UDP 1024-65535, TCP 1719, 1720, 1721, TCP- 1024-65535 (
H.245 ).
3.4.2 HASP-
MVTS HASP-,
MVTS
(Aladdin Sentinel).
Aladdin .rpm
RPM, MVTS.
Aladdin ,
a k s u s b d - r e d h a t - * . * - * . i 3 8 6 . r p m
:
> rpm -i aksusbd-redhat-*.*-*.i386.rpm

30

 Sentinel UNIX
, PKG.

:
1. CD Sentinel UNIX
.
2. CD
> mount -t cd9660 /dev/cdrom /mnt/cdrom

3.
> sh bsd_drvr_install.sh

4. :
1 - (Only parallel driver), 2 (Only USB daemon), 3 (Both parallel driver
and USB daemon). ,
, USB- .
5. CD > umount /mnt/cdrom
PKG :
1.

> pkg_add /mnt/cdrom/SUD-ParallelDriver-5.50-0.i386.tgz

2.

USB-,
> pkg_add /mnt/cdrom/SUD-USBDaemon-5.50-0.i386.tgz

,
:
/opt/RainbowTechnologies/SUD5.50/bsd_drvr_uninstall.sh

Sentinel UNIX.
/opt/RainbowTechnologies/SUD5.50/Parallel/rbdr.ko -
/opt/RainbowTechnologies/SUD5.50/Parallel/readme.pdf READ ME Sentinel.
/opt/RainbowTechnologies/SUD5.50/USB/usbdaemon () USB-.
/opt/RainbowTechnologies/SUD5.50/USB/bsd_load_daemon.sh ,
USB-.

, MVTS
.

31

4 MVTS
MVTS ,
MVTS
.

4.1

MVTS
, (
8).
8 MVTS

meraproxy.cfg

, ,
..

gateway.cfg

user.cfg

,

,
MVTS RAS- (
RAS-).

dialpeer.cfg

,
,
/
, ,
.

gatekeeper.cfg

(gatekeepers),
MVTS .

rotate.cfg ,
. rotate.sh,
,
CDR-.
MVTS :
1.

meraproxy.cfg

32

2.

RAS- (
gateway.cfg user.cfg ),
.

3.

-
(dial peers) dialpeer.cfg.

4.

, MVTS
gatekeeper.cfg.

MVTS [12].
MVTS ,
. , ,
, MVTS
,

reload config
.

4.2

(meraproxy.cfg, user.cfg, gateway.cfg, gatekeeper.cfg,

dialpeer.cfg)

, MVTS.
. ,
.

:

0-9

.
, .
:
[ Section ]

.
.
=. ,
;. ,

.
:
[ata3]

33

address=183.132.44.76;183.132.44.78;183.132.44.71;183.132.44.79;
address=183.132.44.77
:

.
MVTS :

, # ()

,
.
0x,
0.
MVTS,
meraproxy.cfg , gateway.cfg
gatekeeper.cfg .

reload config.
MVTS mvts/cfg/synchro.

34

5 MVTS

,
,
.
MVTS
: MVTS,
MVTS (MVTS Management System [13]) MVTS Web
Monitor. .

5.1

,
, ,
.
,
MVTS.
.

. :

Admin
, ,
.
Support

, MVTS.
Billing

.

GID
. :

MVTS

MVTS,

MVTS

35

5.1.1

MVTS

mp_shell.sh
MVTS.
.
, ,
:

. 7 MVTS
(prompt):
#>
q u i t
:

36


r e p e a t : , ,
. ,
.
:

1 MVTS

r e p e a t :
, , ,
10 ,
CTRL+C.

5.1.2

MVTS 3 :

: help, info

: reload config, reset

statistics,
start, stop, stop gracious, terminate call, disable gatekeeper, unregister
endpoint

: show call, show dial, show disconnect, show dp, show

gw, show stat, show route, show stat route, show ep, show converter, show
incoming, sh ipload, show media, show stat file, show stat param, show
redundancy

, .
5.1.2.1 Reference commands

help

. , help
, .
.
:

37

. 8 help
l info MVTS.
:

5.1.2.2

disable gatekeeper (di gk)

, ,
(gatekeeper),
(reload config).
(gatekeeper).
:

,
(gatekeeper)
(gatekeeper) :
1.

38

2. (gatekeeper.cfg)
3. reload config

disable gatekeeper all (di gk all)

.
disable gatekeeper .
:

reload config [-d][-ras]

MVTS .
d
.
ras RAS .
(d ras ) , ,
ras d.
,
MVTS
.
Admin .
:

. 9 reload config

reset statistics (re st)

.
:

39

reset stat all

, .
:

reset stat src|dst|gw|dp IP-

( , , , )
reset stat src|dst|gw|dp [name]

start
MVTS, .
:

. 10 MVTS
Admin.

stop
MVTS.
Admin.
:

. 11 MVTS

stop gracious (stop gra, stop gr)

MVTS, , ,
, .
:

40

terminate call

, .
Admin.
:

. 12

unregister endpoint [num] (unregister ep [num])

RAS, MVTS.
Admin.
num RAS-,
, show ep

.
:

5.1.2.3

Diagnostic commands

show call[table][name](sh ca [ta][na])

, ,
. Admin,
Support Billing.
:

. 13 show call

41

 [t a b l e ] .
:

. 14 show call table

[n a m e ] IP .
:

. 15 show call table name

,
>.
:

IP- (-dst) (-src)

(CALL ID)

, .
(call record) ,
:

42

 9 , show call

ICN

number_src_out

number_dst_out

ip_address_src

IP- ,

ip_address_dst

IP- ,

talk_time

src_bytes in

dst_bytes in

dst_bytes out

src_bytes out

, CALL ID,
:

. 16 sh ca

10 , sh ca
(ICN).

43

 10 , show call ICN

ICN

number_src_in

,
MVTS

number_dst_in

, MVTS

number_src_out

, MVTS

number_dst_out

, MVTS

src_number_bill

,
RADIUS-

dst_number_bill

,
RADIUS-

ip_address_src

IP-

ip_address_dst

IP-

gw name src

gw name dst

call_id

conf_id

setup_time

connect_time

talk_time

(,
)

src_bytes (i/o)

dst_bytes (i/o)

used_codecs src

used_codecs dst

(sh ca [-dstname <name>] sh ca [-srcname <name>]).
:

44

: , ,
.

show dial
Admin, Support.

() . dial peer
.
, ,
, .
(
) , in_src_translate=
in_dst_translate=. show dial
:
sh[ow] di[al] _ [[_] [[-src ID_] [-g
_]]]
:

45

. 17 show dial

show stat route (sh st rt) [all] [-dst] [-src] [-dp]

(
) .
, ,
.
200 .
, , 250 .
:

. 18 show stat rt
[ - d s t ] [ - s r c ] [ - d p ] .

46

 [ - a l l ] .
[ s r c ]
()
[ d s t ]
()
[ d p ]
()

:
FA (fully accessible)
PA (partially accessible)
NA (non-accessible)
.
FA NA

ASR 200 20%

NA PA

30 NA

PA NA

ASR 20 20%

PA FA

ASR 20 20%

:
1. (30 , 200 20 , 20%
MVTS,
)
2.
,

.
.
3. MVTS ASR
,
call_radix=, 100.
( (successful calls)/( ,
call_radix=) *100). ASR
.
4. ASR (

47

 ASR, MVTS)

.
a l l (s h s t r t a l l ),
. ,
, .

#> . / m p _ s h e l l . x s h s t r t a l l > r o u t e _ s t a t . t x t

show stat file (sh st file)

MVTS
.
Example:

. 19

show stat param (sh st pa)

,
,
:

48

. 20 show stat param

show endpoint (show ep) [number]

s h o w e p , [ n u m b e r ] ,
(end points) .
:

11 , sh ep

Num

Gateway/Endpoint

Endpoint ID

Username

dst/src IP

/ IP-

RegTime

MVTS (

49


(number) (endpoint_id). [ n u m b e r ]
[ e n d p o i n t _ i d ] ,
, .
:

show disconnect (sh dc)

.
:

show dp

50

 ,
, . Admin,
Support Billing.
:

. 21 , sh dp
12 , show dp

dial peer

gateway

prio(rity)

capacity

51

hunt_stop

,
, ,

.

hunt_mode

dst_pattern

regexp.

src_pattern

: sh dp 250 .

show gw [name], [IPaddress]

,
gateway.cfg.
:

. 22 , show gw

52

 s h g w IP-
, .
:

. 23

show converter (sh co)

show converter (sh co)
SIP/H.323 (. . 24)

53

. 24 SIP-HIT
:
N a m e
A d d r e s s IP-
P o r t
M o d e ( both ,

, )
P r o t o (H323, SIP)
A c t i v e c a l l s

show incoming <IP address> (sh in <IP address>)

(endpoint ID)
()
(gateway.cfg),
. Admin Support.
:

54

show ipload (sh ipload)

IP-.
:

. 25 IP-

show media (sh me)

show media (sh me)
MVTS, ( MVTS
MVTS, media-).

. 26 show media
,
MMVTS. :
A d d r e s s IP MVTS
A S R ( s t d ) ASR ()
A C D
M a x L
A c t
T o t a l (:)
N o r m a l
F a i l e d

55

 MVTS (FA
/ASR=73%/ACD=46 / call_radix= ).
Status

, ,
MVTS:
m i n _ a s r - ASR MVTS
m i n _ a c d - ACD MMVTS
mode MVTS.
: 1 0. 1
, ; 0
LDC 400 (NoMediaServer)
c a l l _ r a d i x , ASR
ACD
s u s p e n d _ t i m e MMVTS
ASR ACD
n o _ c o n n e c t _ s u s p e n d _ t i m e TCP MMVTS.

show route
.
, -
.
:

show stat [full | src | ds t | gw | dp ]

( )
(dialpeer).
(
RAS-).
Admin Support.
:

56

. 27 MVTS
:
show stat full - .

stat src|dst|gw|dp -
(, )

show

Example:

57

show stat src|dst|gw|dp <name>

.
:

. 28 show stat src <name>

show redundancy
.

. 29 sh re
13 show redundancy

Redundancy state

:
undefined/initial state

master: master is active, slave is inactive


master: master and slave are active

58

slave: slave is waiting for master


slave: slave is in standby mode, master is active
,

slave: slave is active, master is broken down

,

Is slave

Check period

Max failed retries

Connect timeout

Master address

IP-
IP-
MVTS

Slave address

IP-
IP-
MVTS

Last slave connect time

.

MVTS .

Master down time

Checked address

IP-

Address

IP- ,

Local address

IP- ,
IP MVTS

Last check time

59

TCP-

Bring up command

IP-

Shutdown command

IP-

show snmp
SNMP-.

. 30 show snmp
14 show snmp

snmp enable

/ SNMP

snmp stat start time

SNMP-

snmp stat duration

SNMP-

local port

, MVTS
SNMP-

community

SNMP-

trap enable

/ trap

trap port

trap-

60

trap community

trap-

trap level

trap-:
0 trap-
1 (critical errors)
2 (non-critical errors)
3 (warnings)
4 (information)
5 (notifications)

email trap command

(), tarp

email trap email

trap-

email
trap_email_subject

email tarp period

( <[[<>:]
:] >)

email from

tarusted ips

IP-,
SNMP-

sh[ow] gk
,
MVTS.

61

. 31 sh gk
:
Parameter

Description

state

address

IP-

port

type

MVTS

security

terminal

MVTS

keepalive

MVTS

keepalive type

options

(1) (0)

,
MVTS

local_address

IP-,
RAS-

user

password

id

endpoint_id

62

Parameter

Description

active_admissions

:
,


ARQ (Admission Request),
MVTS
DRQ, MVTS

show ras request

:
1. IP- ,
lrq_allowed_only= 1.
2. , ,
( ARQ) (
LRQ), , ,
,
.
3. , LRQ:
-
-
-
- ,
arq_alive_time=

63

5.2

CDR-

CDR- (Call Detail Record) ,

, (
, MVTS).
CDR- :
Fri Sep 23 13:12:43 2005, HOST=212.92.148.13, SRC-NUMBER-IN=12345678901, DST-NUMBER-IN=789, SRCNUMBER-OUT=12345678901, DST-NUMBER-OUT=999999, SRC-NUMBER-BILL=12345678901, DST-NUMBERBILL=999999, SRC-IP=212.92.148.251:3317, DST-IP=212.92.148.251:1721, SRC-RTP-IP=212.92.148.251:16384, DSTRTP-IP=212.92.148.251:16386, SRC-USER=12345678901, DST-USER=999999, SRC-NAME=ata, DST-NAME=a
ta2, DIALPEER-NAME=dp1, INITIAL-INCOMING-LOCAL-ADDRESS=212.92.148.13, SELECTED-INCOMING-LOCALADDRESS=212.92.148.13, OUTGOING-LOCAL-ADDRESS=212.92.148.13, RECORD-ID=1127465365-3, ELAPSEDTIME=6, SETUP-TIME=13:12:25.000 +0400 Fri Sep 23 2005, CONNECT-TIME=13:12:36.000 +0400 Fri Sep 23 2005,
DISCONNECT-TIME=13:12:42.000 +0400 Fri Sep 23 2005, DISCONNECT-CODE-LOCAL=1, DISCONNECT-CO
DE-Q931=16, SRC-BYTES-IN=793, DST-BYTES-IN=668, SRC-BYTES-OUT=653, DST-BYTES-OUT=589, QOS=0, SRCCODEC=g711A64k g711U64k g7231, DST-CODEC=g711A64k , CALLID=6000100036b4c41c140c000ccee57293,
CONFID=600010003832a01a0802000ccee57293, PROXY-MODE=0, ROUTE-RETRIES=2, SCD-TIME=11, SOURCEFASTSTART=1, DESTINATION-FASTSTART=1, SOURCE-TUNNELLING=1, DESTINATION-TUNNELLING=1, PDDTIME=10,PDD-REASON=ALERT, REDIRECT-NUMBER=999999 (END), LAST-CHECKED-DIALPEER=to_ata

CDR- .
c d r _ f o r m a t = ,
[Billing] meraproxy.cfg.
, (c d r _ f o r m a t = 0 ) , CDR-
MVTS, (
CDR- ).
1, (c d r _ f o r m a t = 1 ), CDR-
MIND CTI, .
.
: ELAPSED-TIME= CDR- ,
.
, 2 (c d r _ f o r m a t = 2 ), CDR- ,
MVTS, ,
.
3 (cdr_format=3), CDR-
, cdr_format=2, ,
setup_time=, connect_time= disconnect_time=
, 1 1970 .
, ,
CDR-.
15 (CDR)

HOST

MVTS

SRC-NUMBER-IN

64

DST-NUMBER-IN

SRC-NUMBER-OUT

DST-NUMBER-OUT

SRC-NUMBER-BILL

,
()

DST-NUMBER-BILL

,
()

SRC-IP:SRC-PORT

IP-

DST-IP:DST-PORT

IP-

SRC-RTP-IP:SRC-RTPPORT

,
IP-

DST-RTP-IP:DST-RTPPORT

,
IP-

REMOTEGATEKEEPER-IP

IP- (gatekeeper)

MEDIA-SERVERIP:MEDIA-SERVERPORT

IP- Media- (
MVTS)

CONVERTER-NAME

(SIP-HIT)

CONVERTERIP:CONVERTER-PORT

IP-
(SIP-HIT)

SRC-USER

DST-USER

RADIUS-USER

, RADIUS

use_h323_ivr_in accounting (. [Radius]

meraproxy.cfg)

65

SRC-NAME

DST-NAME

DIALPEER-NAME

INITIAL-INCOMINGLOCAL-ADDRESS

IP-,
Setup

SELECTED-INCOMINGLOCAL-ADDRESS

IP-

OUTGOING-LOCALADDRESS

IP-

RECORD-ID

<start-time>-<call-number>, <start-time> MVTS,
1-
1970 MVTS,
<call-number> -
MVTS

ELAPSED-TIME

SETUP-TIME

CONNECT-TIME

DISCONNECT-TIME

DISCONNECT-CODELOCAL

DISCONNECT-CODEQ931

Q931

SRC-BYTES-IN

DST-BYTES-IN

SRC-BYTES-OUT

DST-BYTES OUT

QOS

QoS

SRC-CODEC

66

DST-CODEC

CALLID

CONFID

LAR-FAULT-REASON

LAR
(
),
reason for call routing
interruption

PROXY-MODE

ROUTE-RETRIES

SCD-TIME

SETUP
CONNECT

CONNECTa)

SOURCE-FASTSTART

SOURCE-FASTSTART=1, SETUP

FASTSTART

DESTINATIONFASTSTART

DESTINATION-FASTSTART=1, ,
,
FASTSTART

SOURCE-TUNNELLING

SOURCE-TUNNELLING=1,

(tunneling flag)
(1)

DESTINATIONTUNNELLING

DESTIANTION-TUNNELLING=1,
(tunneling flag)
(1)

PDD-TIME

SETUP

ALERT, CONNECT ProgresIndicator

8
(ProgressInbandInformationAvailable)

67

PDD-REASON

SETUP,
PDD-.
:
ALERT
ALERT
PI8
ProgressIndicator=8
CONNECT
CONNECT
N/A

REDIRECT-NUMBER

,
RADIUS-
VSA(106) h323-redirect-number

INFO-NUMBER

Setup
Information

5.3

MVTS

MVTS
, , CDR-.
MVTS : (trace logs)
(debug logs).
:
MVTS , CDR-, ,
core- .., ,
.

. CDR-,
.

, ..,
mvts/bin/rotate.sh, .

/
rotate.cfg.

,
, ,
.. ,
, .

68

5.3.1
MVTS
,
,
.
MVTS ,
ACD, ASR, SCD, SCD,
:
"ASR level calculated for the last <call_radix> calls at gateway <gateway name> dropped down
to its critical point of <asr_min>%"; - , ASR
, asr_min=.
"ACD level calculated for the last <call_radix> calls at gateway <gateway name> dropped down
to its critical point of <acd_min> seconds"; - , ACD
, acd_min=.
"SCD level calculated for the last <call_radix> calls at gateway <gateway name> dropped down
to its critical point of <scd_min> seconds"; - , SCD
, scd_min=.
"SCD level calculated for the last <call_radix> calls at gateway <gateway name> reached its
critical point of <scd_max> seconds"; - , SCD
, scd_min=.
202 ( )
call from unregistered
gateway located on <IP address>, .. ,
( IP-).

,
MVTS, ,
MVTS.
,
$H323PROXY_ROOT/debug/logs/mp.kernel.sh.log-<date> ,
MVTS.
MVTS
.
MVTS,
, ,
.

69

. trace_level=,
[Debug] meraproxy.cfg.
, (trace_level=0),
.
1, (trace_level=1),
.

3 (trace_level=3).

5.3.2
,
MVTS ,
,
.
MVTS ASCII
logs_<date>_<time> (<date> <time> ),
logs/ . ,
, .
.
:

ASN.1

5.3.2.1

5.3.2.2

level= [Debug]
meraproxy.cfg. ,
.
(level=0,
MVTS.

70

),

 1
(level=1).
, , IP- ,
.
:
<time> <date> <Recv/Sent> <IP address> <protocol> <message type>
:
<time> <date>
<Recv/Sent> - , , (Sent)
(Recv).
<IP address> - , / .
<protocol> - ,
<message type> - . ( H.323 [1])
:
12:16:47 12/09/2001 Recv 192.168.5.1:1813

Q.931 Setup

12:16:47 12/09/2001 Sent 192.168.5.1:1720

Q.931 Setup

12:16:47 12/09/2001 Recv 192.168.5.1:1720

Q.931 Facility

12:16:47 12/09/2001 Sent 192.168.5.1:1813

Q.931 Facility

12:16:47 12/09/2001 Recv 192.168.5.1:1720

Q.931 Connect

12:16:47 12/09/2001 Sent 192.168.5.1:1813

Q.931 Connect

12:16:47 12/09/2001 Recv 192.168.5.1:1813

Q.931 Facility

MVTS
debug_level= 3.
:

MVTS.
.
:
<time><date><Recv/Sent><IP
text>

address><protocol><message

:
<t i m e > <d a t e >
<R e c v /S e n t > , , (Sent)
(Recv).
<IP address> - , / .

71

<p r o t o c o l > ,
<m e s s a g e t e x t > ( ).
:
15:05:05 12/09/2001 Recv 192.168.5.1:2883 Q.931
{
protocolDiscriminator = 8
callReference = 1
from = originator
messageType = Setup
IE: Bearer-Capability = {
88 c0 a5

...

}
IE: Display = {
phone

4d 45 52 41 20 70 68 6f

6e 65 20 37 37 37 37 30

MERA

77770
30

}
}

5.3.2.3

.
120 .

5.3.2.4

MVTS ,
. - log.
, [Debug]
MVTS (meraproxy.cfg).

5.3.3
meraproxy.cfg,
, MVTS.
MVTS,
, .

72

 , debug_level=
[Gatekeeper] [Radius]
MVTS,
[Debug] (level=0).
debug_level=
level= [Debug] meraproxy.cfg.
MVTS MVTS:
gateway.cfg user.cfg, debug_level=,

, .
, [Debug] ,
debug_level= RAS-
( 3), , ,
, /RAS- .
:
,
.
, (
) .
(level=0
[Debug] meraproxy.cfg).
( )
, debug_level=
3. debug_level=3
,
SETUP . ,
,
,
.

73

5.4

WEB- MVTS (MVTS WEB MONITOR)

Web- MVTS (Web Monitor) web-

MVTS web-
(, MS Internet Explorer Opera Web browser).
Web Monitor
MVTS Manager. Web GUI.
Web Monitor MVTS

MVTS. Web-
MVTS-. (
) IP , .
MVTS- ( 1730) Web.
5.4.1 WEB-
Web Monitor admin
admin,
.
VoIP-, MVTS, ,
.
web- MVTS ( ) MVTS
Address web-.
:.
:
https://<server IP address>:1730 https://<servername.com>:1730
web-
. 32.

. 32 web-
,
:

74



(dialpeers)
web- MVTS ,
, .

. 33

75

. 34
,
.
VoIP, MVTS,
, ,
(dial peers). (, ,
, (dial peers)
. (
,
/ ).

. ,
.
,
.
, ( .
5.4.2 ).
,
,
.

76

. 35

.
, .
, ,
, . , ,
.

. 36

,
(checkboxes).

:

77

/
( , , )

/ (
)

/
( )

MVTS ,

(..
, ).
5.4.2
web-
. .
, UNICODE/UTF-8,
UNICODE/UTF-16.
:
LANGUAGE

ACD
ASR
Account
Accounts
Active_calls
Administrator_of_MVTS_server
Apply
Are_you_sure
Can_reset_statistics

=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=

Cancel
Change_password
Common_settings
Common_statistics
Create_account
Creating_account
Delete
Delete_account

=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=

ACD
ASR



MVTS

... ..
, ,
LANGUAGE.

, .

78

. 37 web-


.
,
=.

:
LANGUAGE

= Spanish

ACD

= ACD

ASR

= ASR

Account

= Cuenta

Accounts

= Cuentas

Active_calls

= Llamadas activas

Administrator_of_MVTS_server

= Administrador del servidor MVTS

Are_you_sure

= Esta seguro?

Can_reset_statistics

= Puede reajustar estadstica

Cancel

= Cancelacin

Change_password

= Cambiar la contrasea

... ... ... ... ...

etc.
,
, ,
LANGUAGE (.
LANGUAGE = Russian).
UNICODE/UTF-8,-16 .
, Browse
( , Web Monitor)
,
,
.

.

79

 ,
( ),

.

. 38

. 39 ()

5.5

MVTS

MVTS
(/),
( start)
.
MVTS , .
. 5.5.2.
5.5.1
MVTS (start) ,
.
16 MVTS
(mp_kerneld.x)

start

-h --help

-v --version

-d --daemon

()

-u --uid uid

80


start

-g --gid gid

-p --pid-file

(pid-file) .

-t --terminate

(pidfile)

-k --kill

(pidfile)

-c --console

()
syslog

-l --log-file

syslog

-x --execute

-i --ini-file

()

,
':'

-C --core-size

core-

:
#>start

bash-2.05$ ./mp_kerneld.x
error: must specify one of -v, -h, -t, -k, -d or -x
usage: [-c] -v|-d|-h|-x
-h --help
output this help message and exit
-v --version
display version information and exit
-d --daemon
run as a daemon
-u --uid uid
set user id to run as
-g --gid gid
set group id to run as
-p --pid-file
name or directory for pid file
-t --terminate
orderly terminate process in pid file
-k --kill
preemptively kill process in pid file
-c --console
output messages to stdout rather than
syslog

81

-l --log-file file output messages to file or directory

instead of syslog
-x --execute
execute as a normal program
-i --ini-file
set the ini file to use, may be
explicit file or
a ':' separated set of directories to
search.
-C --core-size
set the maximum core file size

5.5.2 MP_KERNELD.SH
:

core-

#> mp_kerneld.sh [cfg_file], bin/.
[ c f g _ f i l e ] - ( meraproxy.cfg).

5.6

MVTS,

( , CDR-)
rotate.sh,
rotate.cfg.

5.6.1 ROTATE.CFG
rotate.cfg : [Billing] [Logs],
/ CDR-
. .
[Billing], [Logs]
path=

, MVTS CDR .
:
, .

82

:
path=$H323PROXY_ROOT/billing

( CDR-)

path=$H323PROXY_ROOT/debug/logs

( )

file=

, .
:
- , .
:
file= bill[0-9]*_[0-9]*
file=log[0-9]*_[0-9]*
time=

CDR- ().
:
:
day /
week - /
month /
year /
:
time=day
action=

, rotate.sh CDR-
.
:
delete CDR-
compress (CDR-)
, archive= (. ).
:
action=compress

83

archive=

,
CDR-.
:
, .
:
archive=$H323PROXY_ROOT/bil.tar

5.7

,
MVTS,

.
: email-
MVTS .
, MVTS,
[14].

84

6
,
.
MVTS,
:
I. MVTS
II. , MVTS
.
:
I.

MVTS ,
:
1.

$H323PROXY_ROOT/bin/mp_shell.x

MVTS

2.

info.
.
, .
start, MVTS.

3.

5-10 start.
mp_kerneld.sh
mp_kerneld.x, MVTS .

4.

, ,
sh st.
MVTS, ..

, 3,
mp_kerneld.x, , ,
MVTS .
, MVTS
.
$H323PROXY_ROOT/debug/logs
:
1.

, ,
:
cd
$H323PROXY_ROOT/debug/logs

2.

ls latr
.
mp_kernel ,
.

3.

less <name of the trace log>,

.

85

4.

tar czf
trace.tar.gz <name of the trace log>

5.

MERA.

II. MVTS ,
, .
1.

MVTS
$H323PROXY_ROOT/bin/mp/shell.x

2.

info.
.
mp_kerneld.x,
.

3.

show stat
. , MVTS
(..

).
,

MVTS, .

4.

, ,
MVTS , ,
,
().

5.

show dial.
(route), ,
(dialpeer) MVTS
.
(routes), ,
.
.
, MVTS
, , My_gateway my_gateway -
.

, show dial, ,
MVTS .

CDR-.
CDR- MVTS (
MVTS Q931), MVTS,
.
CDR-
. MVTS Manager
.
CDR- MVTS :

86

1.

, CDR-,
cd $H323PROXY_ROOT/debug/logs

2.

ls -latr, CDR
.

3.

,
CDR- .

4.

CDR
less <filename>.

5.

( ,
, .) / <search string>.

MVTS,

CDR- MVTS Manager

:
1.

MVTS Manager MVTS.

2.

, Connect
Local.

3.

CDR- CDR.

4.

CDR-.

5.

,
CDR-, CDR debug .

CDR-
(CALL ID) .

.
CDR-, CDR- CDR .
(
, .) ,
. ,
,
, .
,
(Call ID). (CDR).

:
1.

, trace_level= level= [Debug]

87

 meraproxy.cfg 3.
2.

CDR- (
) (Call ID),
32-

3.

(/mvts/bin)

4.

,
:

, logextractor.sh

#> ./logextractor.sh logfile call_id > log.txt

:
logfile -
call_id - ( CDR)
log.txt -
:
./logextractor ".tmp_log_64359bb828958d9127f5a4f6681e60f74c84bb64 20 a1 1a 90 7d
f5 d8 11 86 29 00 0e 0c 30 a2 1f > log.txt

MERA MVTS.
, ,
MVTS,
MERA.

88

6.1

17

LDC (local disconnect

RADIUScode) = 200,

.
MVTS .

1.
RADIUS-.
2.

RADIUS

,
(auth_enable=0).

USB- , HASP
.
USB-.
HASP .

, Linux
USB-.
, HASP
(service aksusbd start).
, USB(ps aux|grep usb).


HASP
hasp_detect.x
[root@host local]# ./hasp_detect.x

:
Try to detect HASP key

89

HASP key is connected

HASP

MVTS

, , .
TCP
.
MVTS RAS-

RAS-,
Duplicate alias ( .
) Security denial
(

)
.

90

HASP .
1.

Duplicate alias
(
)
, ,

(
gateway.cfg), RAS ( user.cfg).
,
,
,
( gateway.cfg)

,

RAS ( user.cfg).

2.

Security denial
( )

. MVTS
H323_ID
|, ..

H323_ID,

H323_ID=123|456, ..
RAS- user.cfg
: user=123,
password=456.

().
100.

112.

()

(. 8.2).

H.245 TCP.
1024-65535.

TCP- 102465535
.

(CDR
records)

MVTS
(MVTS MS)

mvts/billing
CDR .

(CDR-)
,
bil_file_attr=
bil_tmpfile_attr= [Billing]
meraproxy.cfg
444, .. bil_file_attr=444
bil_tmpfile_attr=444
,

tmp_log*

log*

(MVTS MS) $H323PROXY_ROOT/debug/logs $H323PROXY_ROOT/debug/logs

debug

91

CDR.

mvts
.

mvts

debug_file_attr=444

debug_tmpfile_attr=444 [Debug]

meraproxy.cfg.

mvts
.

92

7
7.1

( )
. (dial peer) ,
:

d s t _ p a t t e r n s r c _ p a t t e r n
s r c _ p a t t e r n ,
.

, -,

, /
, :
o

g r o u p _ a l l o w g r o u p _ d e n y - ,
,

g r o u p _ d e n y - g r o u p _ a l l o w - ,
, g r o u p _ d e n y ,

g r o u p _ a l l o w g r o u p _ d e n y ,
, g r o u p _ a l l o w ,

g r o u p _ a l l o w g r o u p _ d e n y ,
, g r o u p _ a l l o w
group_deny

, gateway

( a c c e s s i b i l i t y = 1 )

, .
, d s t _ p a t t e r n
s r c _ p a t t e r n , gateway AGAIN (gateway=AGAIN),
,
( - 10).
.

93

94

7.2

MVTS RADIUS-

MVTS RADIUS- :
(Authorization), (Accounting), (Routing).
MVTS. RADIUS-
-
.
MVTS RADIUS
AccessRequest AccessAccept
AccessReject. (Accounting) MVTS
AccountingRequest (Code 4) AccountingResponse.
RADIUS MVTS
DisconnectRequest (type 40), MVTS
DisconnectAck(type41),
DisconnectNack(type 42).
MVTS RADIUS-.
7.2.1

RADIUS
RegistrationRequest, MVTS-
(RAS ).
18 AccessRequest MVTS RADIUS-
RAS-

IETF

VSA

(/)

User name

User password

MD5,
plain

BYTE[16]

User chap password

CHAP

BYTE[16]

60

Chap challenge

Time stamp,

CHAP-

BYTE[4]

NasIpAddress

IP-
MVTS

BYTE[4]

NasPortType

95

ServiceType

30

CallingStationId

ANI

31

CalledStationId

DNIS

26

MD5 password

RegistrationRequest
MD5

xpgk-md5auth=<username/<timesta
mp>>/HEX[16]

26

AuthRequestType

xpgk-request-type=user

26

SourceAddress

IP ,

RRQ

xpgk-source-addr=IP:port

: AccessAccept AccessReject.
19 AccessAccept RADIUS-
RAS-

IETF

VSA

26

EndpointNumber

(/)

xpgk-ep-number=<>

AccessReject ,
RegistrationReject c SecurityDenial.

7.2.2

RADIUS-
.
20 AccessRequest MVTS RADIUS-

IETF

VSA

(/)

User name

User passwd

BYTE[16]

96

MD5, plain
3

User chap password

CHAP-

BYTE[16]

60

Chap chellenge

(time
stamp),

CHAP-

BYTE[4]

NasIpAddress

MVTS

BYTE[4]

NasPortType

ServiceType

30

CallingStationId

ANI

31

CalledStationId

DNIS

26

MD5 password

RegistrationRequest
MD5

xpgk-md5auth=<username/<timestamp
>>/HEX[16]

26

AuthRequestType

xpgk-requesttype=number

26

Conf ID

Conference ID
(
)

h323-conf-id=<HEX[16]>

26

Call ID

Call ID
(
)

h323-call-id=<HEX[16]>

26

SrcGatewayId

33

ID

RADIUS

( IP
ID )

h323-gw-id=<string> or <IPaddress>

26

SrcGatewayIP

IP

h323-gw-address=<IPaddress>

26

DstGatewayIP

23

IP .

(gatekeeper)

h323-remote-address=<IPaddress>

26

DstGatewayId

, IP
,

h323-remote-id=<IPaddress>

26

DstUserName

xpgk-destinationuser=<string>

26

ReceivedH323Id

H323
,

SETUP

xpgk-h323-id=<string>

26

IncomingAniNumber

ANI
,

SETUP

xpgk-src-numberin=<number>

26

OutgoingAniNumber

ANI

xpgk-src-number-out<number>

97


26

IncomingDnisNumber

DNIS

SETUP

xpgk-dst-numberin=<number>

26

OutgoingDnisNumber

DNIS,

xpgk-dst-number-out<number>

26

RouteRetries

xpgk-routeretries=<number>

: AccessAccept AccessReject
21 AccessAccept RADIUS

IETF

VSA

26

CISCO_H323_CREDIT_TIME

102

26

CISCO_H323_RETURN_CODE

(/)

h323-credit-time=<
>

h323-returncode=<>

103

h323-return-code
(

,
0,
13, 51 52,

,
LDC 208)

h323-ivr-in=<string>

DNIS

h323-redirectnumber=<>

26

h323-ivr-in

26

CISCO_H323_REDIRECT_NUM
BER

106

AccessReject
(LDC).

7.2.3

(
ACCOUNTING REQUEST)

98

7.2.3.1

(Accounting start record)

RADIUS- ( )
SETUP , ( ).
AccountingRequest (Code 4)
22 (Accounting Start),
RADIUS

IETF

VSA

(/)

User name

NasIpAddress

MVTS

BYTE[4]

NasPortType

ServiceType

41

AcctDelayTime

40

AcctStatusType

30

CallingStationId

ANI

31

CalledStationId

DNIS

44

AcctSessionId

-
accounting-

26

CISCO_H323_CALL_ORIGIN

h323-call-origin=answer
,

26

h323-call-origin=originate

26

IncomingConfId

Conference
Id,
SETUP

h323-incoming-confid=<conf id>

26

IncomingCallId

Call Id,
SETUP

h323-incoming-callid=<conf id>

26

Setup time

25

SETUP

h323-setup-time=<
hh:mm:ss.uuu t www
MMM dd yyyy>

26

SrcGatewayId

33

ID -

RADIUS
( IP
ID )

h323-gw-id=<string>
<IP-address>

26

SrcGatewayIP

IP

h323-gw-address=<IPaddress>

26

Conf ID

24

Conference
(
)

ID

h323-conf-id=<HEX[16]>

26

DstGatewayIP

23

IP address of terminating

h323-remote-address=<IP-

99

or

gateway or gatekeeper

address>

26

DstGatewayId

.
,
IP ,

h323-remote-id=<IPaddress>

26

DstUserName

xpgk-destinationuser=<string>

26

ReceivedH323Id

H323 ,
SETUP

xpgk-h323-id=<string>

26

IncomingAniNumber

ANI ,
SETUP

xpgk-src-numberin=<number>

26

OutgoingAniNumber

ANI

xpgk-src-number-out<number>

26

IncomingDnisNumber

DNIS
SETUP

xpgk-dst-numberin=<number>

26

OutgoingDnisNumber

DNIS,

xpgk-dst-number-out<number>

26

RouteRetries

xpgk-routeretries=<number>

26

Call ID

Call ID (
)

h323-call-id=<HEX[16]>

Redirect number

,
RADIUS

xpgk-redirectnumber=<
>

xpgk-record-id

,
CDR

xpgk-recordid=<RECORD-ID>

26

A c c t S e s s i o n I d :
<prefix>-<call number>-<hash><leg type><route number>,

<prefix> - ,
<call number> - MVTS
<hash> - -,
<leg type> - ( V
acct_leg_type= 1 3 AV 4 5 OV
)
<route number> - .
AccountingResponse.
7.2.3.2

(Accounting stop record)

RADIUS- .
AccountingRequest (Code 4)

100

: ( Accountin Stop), MVTS RADIUS-

UDP-,
1500 .
, , RADIUS, Accounting Stop,
, .
stop_acct_level=
[Radius], Accounting Stop
VSA-.
[12].
23 (Accounting Stop), RADIUS

IETF

VSA

(/)

User name

NasIpAddress

MVTS

BYTE[4]

NasPortType

ServiceType

41

AcctDelayTime

40

AcctStatusType

30

CallingStationId

ANI-

31

CalledStationId

DNIS-

44

AcctSessionId

-
accounting-

26

CISCO_H323_CALL_ORIGIN

h323-call-origin=answer
,

26

h323-call-origin=originate

26

IncomingConfId

Conference ID
(
),
SETUP

h323-incoming-confid=<conf id>

26

IncomingCallId

Call ID (
),
SETUP

h323-incoming-callid=<conf id>

26

Setup time

25

SETUP

h323-setup-time=<
hh:mm:ss.uuu t www
MMM dd yyyy>

26

SrcGatewayId

33

ID

h323-gw-id=<string>

101

or


RADIUS
( IP
ID )

<IP-address>

h323-gw-address=<IPaddress>

h323-connect-time=<
hh:mm:ss.uuu t www
MMM dd yyyy>

26

SrcGatewayIP

IP

26

Connect time

28

26

Disconnect time

29

h323-disconnect-time=<
hh:mm:ss.uuu t www
MMM dd yyyy>

26

Disconnect cause

30

Q931

h323-disconnect-cause= <
>

26

Voice quality

31

h323-voicequality=<>

26

Local disconnect cause

xpgk-local-disconnectcause=<>

26

LAR fault reason

xpgk-lar-fault=<
>

26

Codecs of source gateway

xpgk-src-codec=<
>

26

Codecs of terminating gateway

xpgk-dst-codec=<
>

26

Initial incoming IP address

xpgk-initial-incominglocal-address=<IPaddress>

26

Selected incoming IP address

xpgk-selected-incominglocal-address=<IPaddress>

26

Selected outgoing IP address

xpgk-selected-incominglocal-address=<IPaddress>

26

Converter name

xpgk-converter-name

26

Converter IP-address

IP-
,

xpgk-converter-address

26

PDD time

xpgk-pdd-time

26

Conf ID

24

Conference ID
(
)

h323-conf-id=<HEX[16]>

102

26

DstGatewayIP

23

IP


(gatekeeper)

h323-remote-address=<IPaddress>

26

DstGatewayId

.
,
IP ,

h323-remote-id=<IPaddress>

26

DstUserName

xpgk-destinationuser=<string>

26

ReceivedH323Id

H323 ,
SETUP

xpgk-h323-id=<string>

26

IncomingAniNumber

ANI ,
SETUP

xpgk-src-numberin=<number>

26

OutgoingAniNumber

ANI ,
.

xpgk-src-number-out<number>

26

IncomingDnisNumber

DNIS

SETUP

xpgk-dst-numberin=<number>

26

OutgoingDnisNumber

DNIS
,
.

xpgk-dst-number-out<number>

26

RouteRetries

xpgk-routeretries=<number>

26

Call ID

Call ID (
)

h323-call-id=<HEX[16]>

Redirect number

,
RADIUS

xpgk-redirectnumber=<
>

26

InfoNumber

,
MVTS

,

Setup Information

xpgk-infonumber=<>

26

xpgk-record-id

,
CDR

xpgk-recordid=<RECORD-ID>

103

 A c c t S e s s i o n I d :
<prefix>-<call number>-<hash><leg type><route number>,

<prefix> - ,
<call number> - MVTS
<hash> - -,
<leg type> - ( V
acct_leg_type= 1 3 AV 4 5 OV
)
<route number> - .
AccountingResponse.

7.2.4

RADIUS

, a dialpeer.cfg
g a t e w a y = E X T E R N A L ,
RADIUS- , AV-PAIR "xpgkrouting-request=1".
RADUIS- :
Reject
Accept without routing information
Accept with routing data ID:

CISCO VSA ID=251 n e w _ u s e r n a m e / n e w _ p a s s w o r d (

, ,
o v e r r i d e _ u s e r dialpeer.cfg). ,
- u s e r 0 1 / q w e r t y ,
u s e r 0 1
qwerty.

CISCO VSA ID=252, ,

: g a t e w a y / p r o x y _ m o d e / s o u r c e / d e s t / s r c _ b i l l / d s t _ b i l l / i p a d d r e s s [ : p o r t ] ,

g a t e w a y - gateway gateway.cfg
p r o x y _ m o d e :

0
1
2
3

104

s o u r c e - (src_number)
d e s t - ,

(dst_number)
s r c _ b i l l -
d s t _ b i l l -
i p - a d d r e s s [ : p o r t ] IP . p o r t

, 1720.
, ID=251, . ID=252
, .
7.2.4.1

AccessRequest

MVTS , g a t e w a y =
(dial peer) EXTERNAL.
.
.
,

.
AccessRequest (Code 1)
24 RADIUS

IETF

VSA

(/)

User name

User passwd

MD5, plain

BYTE[16]

User chap password

CHAP-

BYTE[16]

60

Chap chellenge

Time
stamp,

CHAP-

BYTE[4]

NasIpAddress

MVTS

BYTE[4]

NasPortType

ServiceType

105

30

CallingStationId

ANI

31

CalledStationId

DNIS

26

MD5 password

SETUP
registrationRequest MD5

xpgk-md5auth=<username/<timesta
mp>>/HEX[16]

26

AuthRequestType

xpgk-request-type=route

26

Routing request flag

xpgk-routing-request=1

26

Conf ID

24

Conference
(
)

h323-conf-id=<HEX[16]>

26

Call ID

Call ID (
)

h323-call-id=<HEX[16]>

26

SrcGatewayId

33

ID -

RADIUS
( IP
ID )

h323-gw-id=<string>
<IP-address>

26

SrcGatewayIP

IP

h323-gw-address=<IPaddress>

26

DstGatewayIP

23

IP

h323-remote-address=<IPaddress>

26

DstGatewayId

.
,
IP ,

h323-remote-id=<IPaddress>

26

DstUserName

xpgk-destinationuser=<string>

26

ReceivedH323Id

H323 ,
SETUP

xpgk-h323-id=<string>

26

IncomingAniNumber

ANI ,
SETUP

xpgk-src-numberin=<number>

26

OutgoingAniNumber

ANI

xpgk-src-number-out<number>

26

IncomingDnisNumber

DNIS
SETUP

xpgk-dst-numberin=<number>

26

OutgoingDnisNumber

DNIS,

xpgk-dst-number-out<number>

26

RouteRetries

xpgk-routeretries=<number>

: AccessAccept

106

ID

or

 25 AccessAccept RADIUS

IETF

26

XPGK_XROUTING_USERNAME

VSA

(/)

<>/<>

251

( 1
)

ANI/DNIS/Bill_A
NI/Bill_DNIS

26

XPGK_XROUTING_ROUTING

252

(
,


)

26

XPGK-XROUTING-TRANSLATE

250

* XPGK_XROUTING_ROUTING:
gateway/proxy_mode/source/dest/src_bill/dst_bill/ip-address[:port]/converter,

:
gateway - () gateway.cfg;
proxy_mode - :
0 -
1 - ;
2 - ;
3 - ;
source - (src_number)
dest - ,
(dst_number)
src_bill - ;
dst_bill - ;
ip-address[:port] - ip-, ,
, ,
1720
converter ,

107

AccessReject

7.2.5

,
RADIUS-

MVTS RADIUS-
DisconnectRequest (type 40).
VSA(24) h323-conf-id VSA(1)
h323_incoming-conf-id 4 ,
( , MVTS ConfId RADIUS-). ConfId
. 100
(ForceTerminateCall).
, MVTS
DisconnectAck(type41). , , ,
ConfId, MVTS DisconnectNack(type 42).

7.2.6

RAS-,
USER.CFG

MVTS RAS-,
user.cfg, [Default] user.cfg
user= default:
user.cfg

[default]
user=default

RADIUS-.
RAS-
[Default], ,
:

H.323 ( RADIUS)
- MD5
CHAP-
- (Digest authentication)

108

 H.323 ( RADIUS )
RADIUS- MVTS
AccessRequest, terminalAlias ,
,
( . 40).
|, :, ! %.
MVTS RADIUS- (
), , ,
MVTS ,
. MD5 (MD5 )
:
UserPassword = MD5Hash(Shared Secret, RemoteAuthenticator) XOR password,

Shared Secret secret Radius meraproxy.cfg ;

RemoteAuthenticator - ,
AccessRequest;
password - MVTS.

. 40 RADIUS
(shared secret),
MVTS RADIUS-, RADIUS- MD5 , ,
, MVTS, MVTS
AccessAccept,
(AccessReject).
- MD5

109


MVTS GatekeeperRequest, ,
.
MVTS GatekeeperConfirm, MVTS
, (alias),
(time stamp), MD5 ,
( . 41). MVTS
, - RADIUS-
password, VSA(1) xpgk-md5-auth ( )
, .
RADIUS- VSA(1)
xpgk-md5-auth.

. 41 - MD5

CHAP-

MVTS gatekeeper request, ,
CHAP-. MVTS
GatekeeperConfirm, (challenge),
. MVTS ,
tokens (challenge), , ,
. MVTS
RADIUS-, :
ChapPassword , ;
ChapChallenge ;
UserName - .

110

 . 42 .

. 42 CHAP-

RADIUS- , ChapPassword
ChapChallenge,
, .
, RADIUS-, ,
MVTS, .
: RAS- MD5, CHAP-, CHAP-,
MVTS VSA.

- (Digest authentication)
,
SIP. :

SIP-HIT
( REGISTER)
SIP-HIT 401,
"nonce" .
nonce MD5-
(DigestResponse), ,
, REGISTER;
SIP-HIT MVTS ,
tokens , MD5-,
, ,
.
MVTS AccessRequest RADIUS ,
.
RADIUS- MD5

111

 .
MVTS SipDigestResponce (
. 43), .
.

. 43 -

7.3

: -
MVTS 60 ,

, .
, ,
6 20
().
. ,
,
20
. , 8192
600 , 16384
1000 .

7.3.1
RED HAT LINUX

Linux Red Hat, ,
MVTS.
:
1.

MVTS root,

.

2.

MVTS
( root).

3.

MVTS .

112


.
(
8192) root,
:
1. /etc/profile ( vi)
vi /etc/profile
2. /etc/profile ulimit n 8192
3.
ESC : x ! Enter
,
ulimit n
, MVTS
( root),
,
:
1. /etc/pam.d/login vi
vi /etc/pam.d/login
2. , /etc/pam.d/login /pam_limits.so
- , /etc/pam.d/login
/lib/security/pam_limits.so
-
/lib/security/pam_limits.so)

, (

3. /etc/pam.d/login

113

4. /etc/security/limits.conf
vi /etc/security/limits.conf
5. ,
MVTS.
< > soft nofile 1024
< > hard nofile 8192
6. /etc/security/limits.conf
7. /etc/profile
vi /etc/profile
8. , MVTS,
:
if [ $USER = " " ]; then
ulimit -n 8192
9.
,
MVTS , , :
1. etc/profile
vi etc/profile
2. ulimit n 8192
3.

114

4. etc/security limits.conf
vi etc/security limits.conf
5.
* soft nofile 1024
* hard nofile 8192
6. .

7.3.2

FREEBSD

OC Red Hat, FreeBSD

(kern.maxfiles) ,
MAXUSERS ( .
http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/configtuning-kernel-limits.html)
.
:
kern.maxfiles=(20+MAXUSERS*16)*2
, FreeBSD 8000
( 20 ),
OC, MAXUSERS
249, ..
kern.maxfiles = (20+249*16)*2 = 8008
: MAXUSERS FreeBSD
384.
kern.maxfiles
sysctl.conf.
.

NMBCLUSTERS.
NMBCLUSTERS, FreeBSD,
http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/configtuning-kernel-limits.html

115

7.4

MVTS

dialpeer.cfg
- dst_pattern=, src_pattern=,
- dst_translate=, src_translate=
- dst_bill_translate=, src_bill_translate=
- user_translate=
- display_ie_translate=

user.cfg; gateway.cfg
- dst_pattern=, src_pattern=,
- dst_translate=, src_translate=,
- in_dst_translate=, in_src_translate=

(dialpeer)
empty.
:
src_translate=empty/123456, MVTS
123456.

display ( display_ie_translate=), ,
SETUP.
MVTS
.
: ^0123456789*#\&
( )
,
mp.kernel.sh.log-<date>

7.4.1

DST_PATTERN SRC_PATTERN

:
dst_pattern=777[0-9]+

116

: , 777
0 9.
: 77711, 777922
: 77811, 7767
dst_pattern=777[0-5]{1}[0-9]+

: 777,
0 5 0 9.
: 77711, 777422
: 777, 77811, 77761, 7775
dst_pattern=...... dst_pattern=.{6}

: ,
, #
: 123456, 976065, 123#56
: 1111111, 111, 123456#

7.4.2

()
.
,
.
, ,
- , :

/ :
. , /
( , ,
). , /,
(.. , ,
).
|
\ .
,
|
& , .
.
. ( , )

117

[]

. : [0-9] 0
9. [1234] 1 4, [1236-9]
: 1,2,3,6,7,8,9.

(, , ). : .{4}
. [0-9]{2} [0-9], ..
[0-9] [0-9]
*
( , ). : [0-9]*
0 9. .*
.

1.
1: 78 12345:
d s t _ t r a n s l a t e = 12345/78&

: 12345 7812345

2: 78312 :
dst_pattern=.{6}
d s t _ t r a n s l a t e =.{6}/78312&

: 123456 78312 123456

: 654321 78312 654321
3: 78312 , 777:
d s t _ p a t t e r n =< .*>
d s t _ t r a n s l a t e = 777.*/78312&

: 777123456 78312777123456
: 777121212 78312777121212
4: 77
d s t _ t r a n s l a t e = .*/&77

: 1234 123477

118

2.
1: 095
dst_pattern=.*
dst_translate=095|.*/\2

: 095123456# 095 | 123456# 123456#

: 095|.*/ ,
, 095 +
. |
. \2,
.
2: 8182
d s t _ p a t t e r n = .*
dst_translate=8182|[0-9]*/\2

: 8182123456 8182 | 123456 123456

3: #
dst_translate=[0-9]*|#|[0-9]*/\1\3

: 123#45 123 | # | 45 12345

:
| : [0-9]* - 0 9. # -
. [0-9]* - 0 9.
,
.
3.
1: 8182 777
d s t _ p a t t e r n = .*
dst_translate=8182|[0-9]*/777\2

: 8182123456 8182 | 123456 777 123456

: ,
| (8182 , [0-9]* -
).

119

 (777), ([0-9]*),
.. (8182). ,
.
2 1212 1718
d s t _ p a t t e r n = .*
bill_translate=1212|.*/1718\2

: 121212345 1212 | 12345 1718 | 12345 171812345

3: # 555
dst_translate=[0-9]*|#|[0-9]*/\1 555\3

: 123#45 123 | # | 45 123 | 555 | 45 12355545

: \1 555.
\1555

4: # 123
dst_bill_translate=[0-9]*|#/\1 123

: 123456# 123456 | # 123456123

: | ,
.
123.
: \1 123.
\1123
.

7.5

,
, :
$ani$ -
$dnis$ -
$user$ -
$bill_ani$ -
$bill_dnis$ - .

120

$id$ ( CDR-) <time

stamp MVTS>#< >#
:
( - )
dst_translate=.*/$ani$
src_translate=.*/$dnis$
$bill_ani$, $bill_dnis$ ,
, .. , in_ ,
(, i n _ d s t _ t r a n s l a t e = , i n _ s r c _ t r a n s l a t e = ).

7.6

MVTS

, MVTS
:
#> rm -rf $H323PROXY_ROOT
#> vi /etc/profile #remove $H323PROXY_ROOT
#> runlevel
#> cd /etc/rc5.d
#> ls |grep mvts
#> rm -rf S50mvts
#> cd /etc/init.d
#> rm -rf mvts

7.7

25 , .
26 ,
CDR-

, (
, ..).

RAS-

IP- (, ),
RAS-.

MVTS (MERA VoIP Transit

Softswitch)

, IP,

IP-
.

(codec)

(dial peer)

121

 (dial peers):
(POTS dial peer)

(VoIP dial peer)
,
(billing system)
MVTS
.
(debug , ,
log)
MVTS,
.

/ (trace log)

,
,
,
.

(gateway)

, IP-
(PBX/PSTN)
:
- PBX/PSTN
-
-
PBX/PSTN
- , (
-)

(gatekeeper)

7.8

H.323 ,

.323 .
.323
,
.
.

.

27
ACD

,
,
call_radix= (Average Call Duration)

122

ANI

Identification)

ANI-

ASR

Answer Seizure Ratio

(Automati

Number

,

, call_radix=,
100. .
CDR

Call Detail Record ( )

CHAP

,

(Challenge Handshake
Authentication Protocol).

CLI

(Command Line Interface)

CSV

Comma-Separated Values (, )

DNIS

/ (Dialed
Numder Identification Service).

DNIS-

FTP

File Transfer Protocol ( )

GID

(Group Identifier)
)

GUI

(Graphics User Interface)

HASP

(Hardware Against Software Piracy)

HDD

(Hard Disk Drive)

ICN

(Internal Call Number).

,
MVTS.

LB

(Load Balancer)

LDC

(Local Disconnect Code)

MMVTS

MVTS

MVTS

MERA VoIP Transit Softswitch

NAT

/
(Network Address Translation/Translator)

PBX

(Private Branch
eXchange)

POTS

(Plain Old Telephone Service).

VoIP

123

(,

PSTN

(Public
Switched Telephone Network)

QoS

,
RTP- RTP, 100 (Quality of Service).

RTCP , ,

QoS
( ,
, QoS ).

RADIUS

C (Remote
Authentication Dial In User Service)

RAS

Registration, Admission, and Status protocol. (

, ). .225
,
. RAS

,
, ,
.

RPM

Red-Hat (Red-Hat Package Manager)

RTCP

Real-time Transport Control Protocol

(
)

RTP

Real-time Transport

SBC

(Session Border Controller)

SC

(Session Controller)

SIP

(Session Initiation Protocol)

SMVTS

MVTS

SNMP

Simple Network Managament Protocol

VSA

Vendor-Specific Attribute - () ()

SCD

SETUP-CONNECT delay
SETUP CONNECT

Protocol

SCD

124

 A
,
, - .

,
. .
(Character class)
, (
), . , '1[23]45' <1245>
<1345>, .., <1>, <2> <3>,
<45>.
, , ,
. , '[^1-6]' , 1 6.
, (Quantifiers)
, ,
, (quantifiers).
, "1234+5", , "123",
"4", "5". ,
, .

125

 28

0
.
, '12*' "1" "122".

1 .
, "12+" "12" and "122",
"1".

0 1 .
, '12(34)?' "12" "12"
"1234"

{n}

n - .
.
, '1{2}' "1" "121",
"1"' "2113".

{n,}

n - . ,
n . , '1{2,}'
"1" "212", "1" "2111113".
'2{1,}' '2+'. '2{0,}' '2*'.

{n,m}

m n - , n <= m.
n m .
, '4{1,3} "4" "5444446".
'4{0,1}' '4?'.
.

'*' '+' . ,
- , . ,
$test = "hello out there, how are you";
$test =~ m/h.*o/
" 'h', ,
'o'". , , "hello", "hello out there, how are
yo" - - , , "".
, '?'. ,
$test = "hello out there, how are you";
$test =~ m/h.*?o/
"hello", , 'h',
, 'o'".

126

 ^ $.
,
"^thing" , "thing". "thing$"
, "thing".

'|' .
- '(...|...|...)' - .
""
$1, $2, ..., $9.


. ,
'?:'.
,
$test = "Today is monday the 18th.";
$test =~ m/([0-9]+)th/
"18" $1,
$test = "Today is monday the 18th.";
$test =~ m/[0-9]+th/
- - .
$test = "Today is monday the 18th.";
$test =~ m/(?:[0-9]+)th/
'?:'.
,
:
$test = "Today is monday the 18th.";
$test =~ s/ the ([0-9]+)th/, and the day is $1/
"Today is monday, and the day is 18." $test.
, , \1, \2, ...,
\9.
:
$test = "the house is is big";
$test =~ s/\b(\S+)\b(\s+\1\b)+/$1/
"the house is big" $test.

127

 B SNMP-
SNMP : ,
(dial peers), , , . MIB
.
:

1.3.6.1.4.1.999.10.101.1

1.3.6.1.4.1.999.10.103.1

1.3.6.1.4.1.999.10.105.1

1.3.6.1.4.1.999.10.107.1

1.3.6.1.4.1.999.10.109.1

MVTS
1.3.6.1.2.1.1.1.0 (sysdescr)
1.3.6.1.2.1.1.2.0 MVTS (sysobjectid)
1.3.6.1.2.1.1.3.0 (sysuptime)
1.3.6.1.2.1.1.4.0 (syscontact)
1.3.6.1.2.1.1.5.0 (sysname)
1.3.6.1.2.1.1.6.0 (syslocation)
1.3.6.1.2.1.1.7.0 (sysservices)
1.3.6.1.2.1.1.8.0 MVTS

1.3.6.1.4.1.999.10.1.0
1.3.6.1.4.1.999.10.2.0 5
1.3.6.1.4.1.999.10.3.0
1.3.6.1.4.1.999.10.4.0 5
1.3.6.1.4.1.999.10.5.0
1.3.6.1.4.1.999.10.6.0
1.3.6.1.4.1.999.10.7.0
1.3.6.1.4.1.999.10.8.0
1.3.6.1.4.1.999.10.9.0
1.3.6.1.4.1.999.10.10.0
1.3.6.1.4.1.999.10.11.0
1.3.6.1.4.1.999.10.12.0
, ,
:
Y (>=1)
X = 101
128

X = 103
X = 105
X = 107

(>=1). , MVTS ,
.
snmp_index. MVTS

, .
- SNMP 48 .

(OID)
1.3.6.1.4.1.999.10.X.1.1.Y

1.3.6.1.4.1.999.10.X.1.2.Y

1.3.6.1.4.1.999.10.X.1.3.Y

dd.MM.yy hh:mm:ss

1.3.6.1.4.1.999.10.X.1.4.Y

dd.MM.yy hh:mm:ss

1.3.6.1.4.1.999.10.X.1.5.Y

ASR

1.3.6.1.4.1.999.10.X.1.6.Y

Standard ASR

1.3.6.1.4.1.999.10.X.1.7.Y

hh:mm:ss

1.3.6.1.4.1.999.10.X.1.8.Y

Average QOS

1.3.6.1.4.1.999.10.X.1.9.Y

1.3.6.1.4.1.999.10.X.1.10.Y

1.3.6.1.4.1.999.10.X.1.11.Y

hh:mm

1.3.6.1.4.1.999.10.X.1.12.Y

1.3.6.1.4.1.999.10.X.1.13.Y

(Normal)

1.3.6.1.4.1.999.10.X.1.14.Y

(Normal)

129

ACD


1.3.6.1.4.1.999.10.X.1.15.Y

(Failed)

1.3.6.1.4.1.999.10.X.1.16.Y

(Failed)

1.3.6.1.4.1.999.10.X.1.17.Y

1.3.6.1.4.1.999.10.X.1.18.Y

:
Y (>=1)

(OID)
1.3.6.1.4.1.999.10.109.1.1.Y

1.3.6.1.4.1.999.10.109.1.2.Y

src->dp>dst

1.3.6.1.4.1.999.10.109.1.3.Y

dd.MM.yy
hh:mm:ss

1.3.6.1.4.1.999.10.109.1.4.Y

dd.MM.yy
hh:mm:ss

1.3.6.1.4.1.999.10.109.1.5.Y

ASR

1.3.6.1.4.1.999.10.109.1.6.Y

Standard ASR

1.3.6.1.4.1.999.10.109.1.7.Y

hh:mm:ss

ACD

1.3.6.1.4.1.999.10.109.1.8.Y

Average QOS

1.3.6.1.4.1.999.10.109.1.9.Y

1.3.6.1.4.1.999.10.109.1.10.Y

130


1.3.6.1.4.1.999.10.109.1.11.Y

hh:mm

1.3.6.1.4.1.999.10.109.1.12.Y

1.3.6.1.4.1.999.10.109.1.13.Y

(Normal)

1.3.6.1.4.1.999.10.109.1.14.Y

(Normal)

1.3.6.1.4.1.999.10.109.1.15.Y

(Failed)

1.3.6.1.4.1.999.10.109.1.16.Y

(Failed)

1.3.6.1.4.1.999.10.109.1.17.Y

1.3.6.1.4.1.999.10.109.1.18.Y

1.3.6.1.4.1.999.10.109.1.19.Y

.
:
"NotAccessible"
()
"PartlyAccessible"
( )
"FullyAccessible"
( )

1.3.6.1.4.1.999.10.109.1.20.Y

:
Y (>=1).
131

Z .
100+LDC*127+Q931, LDC MVTS, Q931
q931.
X = 101 ,
X = 103 ,
X = 105 ,
X = 107 ,
X = 109 .

LDC,Q931,count,

LDC
, Q931

Q931, count
,

(OID)
1.3.6.1.4.1.999.10.X.1.Z.Y

132


MVTS
29 , MVTS

eCallerNormal

ReleaseComplete

eCallerNormal

ReleaseComplete

eCallerDropTCP

ReleaseComplete
TCP-

eCallerDropTCP

ReleaseComplete
TCP-

10

eRemoteGkDRQ

disangageRequest

100

eForceTerminateCall

(
MVTS, terminate call)

101

eTimeoutTCPConnectH225

H225
3

102

eTimeoutConnectMsg

Connect
Message 120

103

eTimeoutRBT

Alerting
30

104

eInvalidH225SizeCaller

H.225-

105

eInvalidH225SizeCalled

H.225-

106

eInvalidH225MsgCaller

H.225-

107

eInvalidH225MsgCalled

H.225-
133

Message

108

eInvalidH225ReadCaller

MVTS
H.225-

109

eInvalidH225ReadCalled

MVTS
H.225-

110

eDestinationUnreachable

(dial peer)

112

eFailedTCPConnectH225

H225

113

eInvalidCalledIpAddress

114

eFailedDecodeUUCaller

MVTS
UserUserField ,

115

eInvalidTPKTCaller

,
.

116

eFailedDecodeUUCalled

MVTS
UserUserField ,

118

eDuplicateCallId

Call ID,

(
)

119

eInvalidTPKTCalled

,
.

120

eTimeoutRouteAttempt

10

121

eTimeoutSetupMsg

Setup Message
15 .

122

eTimeoutRTPidle

180 .

134

.
123

eFailedTCPConnectH245Caller

H245

124

eInvalidSetupMsg

Setup Message (

UserUserField

Setup Message)

125

eMaxRerouteRetries

10

look
ahead routing)

126

eMaxCapacityExceed

capacity

127

eRouteBlocked

128

eFailedTCPConnectH245Called

H245

129

eNotAllowedPrefix

130

eDuplicateCalledPartyNumber

131

eNoPacketTimeOut

132

eConsoleTerminatedCall

terminate call

133

eDialpeerCapacityExceeded

apacity=

134

eGatewayUnaccessible

135

eGatewayIncompatible

compatibility

136

eDestinationGatewayCapacityExceeded

, e

135

c a p a c i t y
137

eGatewayNullReached

Q931

g a t e w a y =NULL

138

eHuntStopped

hunt_stop=1

139

eNoAppropriateDialpeer

141

eMaxCallRateExceeded

,
max_callrate=
(meraproxy.cfg
[H.323])

200

eRadiusAdmissionCallerReject

RADIUS-

201

eGkClientAdmissionTimeout

Admission Request
(gatekeeper)
10

202

eSourceGatewayUnknown

(

SIP-HIT)

203

eGkClientAdmissionReject

Admission Request
(gatekeeper)

205

eSourceGatewayAniReject

Originators s r c _ n u m b e r does not

match the number, specified in the
a n i _ a l l o w field of the gateway or
RAS-user record

206

eRadiusAdmissionTimeout

RADIUS 10

207

eRadiusAdmissionCallerReject

Radius-

208

eRadiusAdmissionRouteReject

Radius-

209

eRouteProhibited

210

eIncomingBandwidthOverload

IP-

local_ip_manager=

136

211

eOutcomingBandwidthOverload

IP-

local_ip_manager=

212

eOutgoingDestNumberEmpty

Setup CalledStationId

213

ePacketOfDisconnect

RADIUS PacketOfDisconnect

300

eMaxSessionTime

(
Radius

CISCO_H323_CREDIT_TIME)

301

eDanglingCall

(10000 ,
.. 2 46 40 ),
,
.

302

eSystemOverflow

303

eSourceGatewayExpired

e x p i r e _ d a t e -

304

eDestinationGatewayExpired

expire_date

305

eIncomingTrafficExceeded

,
max_incoming_time

306

eOutgoingTrafficExceeded

,
max_outgoing_time

400

eNoMediaServer

Media MVTS

MVTS

401

eFailedTCPConnectMediaServer

Media MVTS

TCP-

, MVTS
MVTS.
: MediaMVTS LDC
MVTS 1000. ,
ReleaseComplete
137

 ( LDC=2), MediaMVTS MVTS

1002.

138

 D
VOIP-
MERA VoIP Transit Softswitch
H.323-, :

CISCO (IOS-based, ATA 186)

VocalTec (VGW 1.4f+, VGK 1.3+)
Samsung (SMG 400, SMG 3200)
Nortel Networks (BCM v. 4.0, Succession)
Clarent (Clarent GK)
D-Link (DG-10xSH DG-104SH, DVG-1120, DVG-1402S, DVG-1024, DVG1104TH, DVG-2004S, DVG-4022, DVG-5030S)
BosCom (Bosanova)
Well-Tech (SmartNode 1200, 1400, 2300, 2400)
AudioCodes (Mediant-2000, MP-104)
Quintum (Tenor Digital MaltiPath Switch)
Network Systems Group (NSGate)
Sysmaster (SM7000 VoIP Gateway)
Broadsoft (BroadWorks platform)
IP and Softphones (Microsoft NetMeeting, VocalTec Phone Lite)

MVTS RADIUS
.
,
:

PortaBilling
EyeBill VoIP Billing
IPSoft Billing
T-Soft Billing
CBOSS Billing
MIND CTI
Advanced VoIP Billing System
ISA Billing
Switch Management Billing
Cyneric Billing

139