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1-35 1-35
. (1916 |1915|)

naramo nnnmannm unrarnx "nnn n ncnxoananns" nn n xo m n

nrnyr na connnucrno c yx nmmmnmncx counnnnxmn n +ro onacrn nayxn
(Hitschmann. Freuds Neurosenlehre. 2 AuIl., 1913; PIister. Die psychoanalytische Methode, 1913;
Leo Kaplan. Grundztge der Psychoanalyse, 1914; Regis et Hesnard. La psychoanalyse des
nevroses et des psychoses, Paris, 1914; AdolI F. Meijer. De Behandeling van Zenuwzieken door
Psycho-Analyse. Amsterdam, 1915). 3ro rouno nsnoxnn nxnn, xorot x unran n runn
nyx snmnnx cmcron 1915/16 r. n 1916/17 r. nauam n ncnnnanncram ooro nona.
c cnooasn +roro rya, na xoroo oarnr nnnmann unrarnt, oxcnxrcx
ycnonnxmn ro nosnnxnonnnx. nxnnn nr nosmoxnocrn coxannrt ccracrnocrt
nayunoro raxrara. on roro, n nxroom cronr saaua yxart nnnmann cnymarn
n runn nourn nyx uacon. oxonmocrt ntsnart nmnnnym axnnm nnnna x romy,
uro onn n ror x nmr ocyxancx nonoxarno, nannm n nnt as n cnxsn c
ronxonannm cnonnnn, a sarm n cnxsn c nonmamn nnoson. cncrnn raxo noaun
marnana nxorot naxnt rmt, xax, nannm, ccosnarntno, nntsx tno
ncuntnamm ncrannrt n xaxom-ro onom mcr, x nnm nnxonnoct nonoxarno
nosnamartcx n cnona nx ocrannxrt, noxa n ncrannxnact nonax nosmoxnocrt uro-ro
nnannrt x yx nmmmnmcx snannxm o nnx.
or, xro snaxom c ncnxoanannrnucxo nnraryo, nar n +rom "nnnn" nmnoro
ns roro, uro tno t my nnsncrno ns yrnx, on noontx nynnxann. naxo
nornocrt art marnan n nnocrnom, sanmnnom nn ntnynna anroa nnnnut n
orntntx asnax (o +rnonornn craxa, ncrnucxnx ]anrasnxx) an n
ncnontsonannt annt.
na, ncna 1917 r.
3. u
KH

Vnaxamt amt n rocnoa! Mn nnsncrno, nacxontxo xaxt ns nac ns nnraryt

nnn nonacntmx snaxom c ncnxoanannsom. naxo camo nasnann monx nxnn -
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"3nmnrano nnnn n ncnxoananns" - nnonarar, uro nt nnuro n snar o +rom n
roront nonyunrt or mnx nnt cnnnx. mm nc x nnonoxnrt, uro nam nsncrno
cnymm: ncnxoananns xnnxrcx onnm ns mroon nunnx nnnoontntx; n ryr x casy
mory nnncrn nam nnm, noxastnammn, uro n +ro onacrn xo-uro narcx no-nnomy
nnn ax naooor, um nnnxro n mnnnn. tuno, xora ontnoro naunnamr nunrt
nontm nx nro mroom, my craamrcx nnymnrt, uro onacnocrt n rax nnnxa, n ynnrt ro
n ycnx nunnx. ymam, +ro conmnno onananno, rax xax rm camtm mt nontmam
manct na ycnx. Kora x mt naunnam nunrt nnornxa mroom ncnxoanannsa, mt
crnym nnau. Mt rononm my o rynocrxx nunnx, ro noonxnrntnocrn, ycnnnxx n
xrnax, cnxsanntx c nnm. ro x xacarcx ycnxa, ro mt rononm, uro n moxm ro
raanrnonart, nocxontxy on sanncnr or nonnnx ontnoro, ro nonxrnnnocrn,
cronounnocrn n ntxxn. crcrnnno, y nac crt ncxn ocnonannx nx raxoro xax yro
t nnannntnoro noxoa x ontnomy, n um nt, nnnmo, nosn cmoxr ynrtcx camn.
cnrct, cnn x na nntx noax yy oamartcx c namn rax x, xax c +rnmn
nnnoontntmn. ocrnnno ronox, x conrym nam orxasartcx or mtcnn nnrn cma no
nroo as. nx +roro casy x xouy noxasart nam, xaxn nconmncrna nnsxno
nncymn oyunnm ncnxoanannsy n xaxn rynocrn nosnnxamr n noncc ntaorxn
cocrnnnoro cyxnnx o nm. noxaxy nam, xax ncx nanannnnocrt namro ntymro
oasonannx n nc nnntuno nam mtmnnn yyr nnsxno nart nac nornnnnxamn
ncnxoanannsa n cxontxo nyxno yr nam noonrt, urot connaart c +rnm
nncrnnxrnnntm conornnnnnm. ro nt nomr n ncnxoananns ns monx nxnn, saan
cxasart, crcrnnno, ryno, onaxo mory rno omart, uro, nocnyman nx, nt n
nayunrct nononrt ncnxoanannrnucxo nccnonann n nunn. cnn x cn nac
narcx xro-ro, xro n yonnrnonrcx rntm snaxomcrnom c ncnxoanannsom, a saxour
nouno cnxsart cx c nnm, x n rontxo n noconrym +ro cnart, no ncxucxn crany ro
nocrrart or +roro mara. croxrntcrna raxont, uro noont nto no]ccnn
ncxnmuar nx nro ncxxym nosmoxnocrt nonnxnnx n ynnncnrr. cnn x raxo nau
samrcx naxrnxo, ro oxaxrcx n omcrn, n nonnmammm ro ycrmnnn,
ornocxmmcx x nmy c nonnm n naxnocrtm n ononunnmm nornn nro nc cxtrt
rmnt cnnt. osmoxno, xo-xaxn momnrt, conyrcrnymmn non, cnnncrnymm ntn
n non, ayr nam nxoroo ncrannnn o rom, uro cnn +rnx - nrnont.
ana, ncra nayrcx nmn, nx xorotx nono n nosnannn nmr cnom
nnnnxarntnocrt, ncmorx na nc cnxsannt c +rnm nyocrna. cnn xro-ro ns nac ns nx
uncna n, ncmorx na mon nocrxnnx, nnr cma cnona, x yy a nnnrcrnonart
ro. naxo nt nc nnan snart, xaxn rynocrn cnxsant c ncnxoanannsom.
o-nntx, cnyr yxasart na cnoxnocrt nnoanannx ncnxoanannsa n oyunnx my.
a sanxrnxx no mnnnn nt nnntxnn x narnxnocrn. t nnnr anaromnucxn nnaar,
ocaox nn xnmnucxo axnnn, coxamnn mtmnt nn asaxnnn nnon. osn nam
noxastnamr ontnoro, cnmnromt ro nyra, nocncrnnx onsnnnoro noncca, a no
mnornx cnyuaxx n nosynrn onsnn n uncrom nn. syuax xnyrnm, nt nncyrcrnyr
nn xnyrnucxnx nmmarntcrnax nx oxasannx nomomn ontnomy n moxr camn noncrn
onannm. ro x ncnxnarnn ocmor ontnoro ar nam mnoxcrno ]axron,
cnnrntcrnymmnx o nsmnnnxx n mnmnx, o xaaxr un n nonnnn, xorot nctma
nnuarnxmr. axnm oasom, nnoanarnt n mnnnn nrar ont rna-+xcxyconoa,
cononoxammro nac no mysm, n ro nmx xax nt camn ncrynar n nnoccrnnnt
xonraxr c oxramn n naroax cocrnnnomy nocnnxrnm yxarct n cymcrnonannn
nontx nx nac xnnnn.
ncnxoananns, x coxannnm, nc ocronr concm no-yromy. n anannrnucxom
nunnn n noncxonr nnuro, xom omna cnonamn mxy nannnrom n nauom. annnr
rononr, accxastnar o nomntx nxnnannxx n ntnmnnx nnuarnnnxx, xanyrcx,
nnsnarcx n cnonx xnannxx n uyncrnax. au x cnymar, craaxct ynannxrt xoom
mtcn ontnoro, xo o um nanomnnar my, yxnnar ro nnnmann n onnnnom
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nanannnnn, ar oxcnnnx n nanmar sa axnnxmn nnxrnx nnn nnnxrnx, xorot
on raxnm oasom ntstnar y ontnoro. oasonannt ocrnnnnxn namnx ontntx,
xorotm nmnonnyr nnmt xnno n omyrnmo, a ontm ncro crnnx, xaxn moxno
ynnrt asn uro n xnnmarora], nnxora n ynycrxr cnyuax ycomnnrtcx: "Kax +ro moxno
ntnunrt onsnt onnmn asronoamn?" 3ro, xonuno, cront x nantnonnno, cxont n
nnocnonarntno. t r x camt nmn yxnt, uro ontnt "rontxo ntymtnamr"
cnon cnmnromt. Kora-ro cnona tnn xononcrnom, cnono n rnt no mnorom coxannno
cnom nxnmm uyocrnnnym cnny. nonamn onn unonx moxr ocuacrnnnnrt yroro
nnn nonrnyrt ro n oruaxnn, cnonamn yunrnt nar cnon snannx yunnxam, cnonamn
oaro ynnxar cnymarn n cnococrnyr onnnnm nx cyxnn n mnn. nona
ntstnamr a]]xrt n xnnxmrcx omnnsnanntm ccrnom noscrnnx nm yr na
yra. ym x noonnnnart ncnontsonann cnona n ncnxorannn n ym onontnt,
cnn cmoxm ycntmart cnona, xorotmn omnnnamrcx anannrnx n ro nannnr.
o ax n +roro nam n ano. ca, n xoroo n saxnmuarcx ncnxoanannrnucxo
nunn, n onycxar nncyrcrnnx nocroonnnx; nntsx nomoncrnonart. Moxno,
xonuno, na nxnnn no ncnxnarnn noxasart yuamnmcx nnacrnnxa nnn ncrnxa. or,
noxany, accxaxr o cnonx xanoax n cnmnromax, no n ontm roro. nnnx, nyxnt
ncnxoanannrnxy, on moxr art nnmt nn ycnonnn ocooro acnonoxnnx x nauy; onaxo on
ryr x samonunr, xax rontxo samrnr xort onoro cnnrnx, nnn]]nrnoro x nmy. t
+rn cnnnx nmmr ornomnn x camomy nnrnmnomy n ro ymnno xnsnn, xo ncmy romy,
uro on, xax nnno connantno camocroxrntno, ntnyxn cxtnart or yrnx, a raxx x romy,
n um on xax nntnax nnunocrt n xour nnsnartcx ax camomy c.
axnm oasom, cy naua, nuamro mroom ncnxoanannsa, nntsx ycntmart
nnoccrnnno. t moxr rontxo ysnart o n n nosnaxomnrct c ncnxoanannsom n
yxnantnom cmtcn cnona nnmt nonacntmx. K cocrnnnomy nsrnxy na ncnxoananns nam
nnrcx nnrn n notuntx ycnonnxx, nocxontxy cnnnx o nm nt nonyuar xax t ns
nrotx yx. o mnorom +ro sanncnr or roro onnx, c xorotm nt ornocnrct x nocnnxy.
crantr c rnt, uro nt nncyrcrnyr na nxnnn n no ncnxnarnn, a no
ncronn, n nxro accxastnar nam o xnsnn n nonntx nonnrax nxcana Maxoncxoro.
a xaxom ocnonannn nt nnr n ocronnocrt ro coomnn? nauana xaxrcx, uro sct
m cnoxn, um n ncnxoananns, nt no]cco ncronn n tn yuacrnnxom noxoon
nxcana rax x, xax n nt; ncnxoanannrnx, no xan m, coomar nam o rom, n um on
cam nran xaxym-ro ont. o ryr nacrynar u romy, uro sacrannxr nac nonnrt
ncronxy. n moxr cocnartcx na cnnrntcrna nnnx nncarn, xorot nnn camn tnn
conmnnnxamn nxcana, nnn no nmnn xnnn nnx x +rnm cotrnxm, r. . na xnnrn
nooa, nyraxa, nana n .; on noxaxr nam nsoaxnnx coxannnmnxcx monr n
crary nax, ]orora]nm nomncxo mosanxn nrnt nn cc. naxo, croro ronox, nc
+rn oxymnrt oxastnamr rontxo ro, uro yx on annn noxonnnx nnnn n
cymcrnonann nxcana n n antnocrt ro nonnron, n nor c +roro n morna t nauartcx
nama xnrnxa. ora nt onayxnr, uro n nc cnnnx o nxcan ocronnt n n nc
noonocrn moxno nonnrt, no x n mory nnonoxnrt, urot nt noxnnynn nxnnonnt
san, comnnaxct n antnocrn nnunocrn nxcana Maxoncxoro. ama nosnnnx
onnnrcx rnanntm oasom nymx cooaxnnxmn: no-nntx, nx nn y nxroa crt
xaxn-ro mtcnnmt mornnt, noynnmn ntanart sa antno ro, uro on cam n cunrar
raxontm, n, no-nrotx, nc ocrynnt ncronucxn xnnrn ncymr cotrnx nnmno
onnaxono. cnn nt sarm oarnrct x nsyunnm nnnx ncrounnxon, nt oarnr
nnnmann na r x ocroxrntcrna, na nosmoxnt noynrntnt mornnt nocnnxon n na
cxocrno asnnuntx cnnrntcrn. syntrart namro nccnonannx nannxxa ycnoxoxr nac
nacur nxcana, onaxo onn, noxrno, yyr yrnmn, cnn ut sar o raxnx
nnunocrxx, xax Monc nnn nmo.* rom, xaxn comnnnx moryr nosnnxnyrt y nac
ornocnrntno onnx x nxroy-ncnxoanannrnxy, nt ysnar nosx.
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nt nt nnan saart nonoc: cnn y ncnxoanannsa nr nnxaxnx oxrnnntx
nornxnn n nr nosmoxnocrn ro nomoncrnonart, ro xax x ro noom moxno
nsyunrt n ynrtcx n nanor ro nonoxnn? crnnrntno, nsyunn ncnxoanannsa no
nnrxo, n nnmt nmnorn no-nacroxmmy onnanamr nm, onaxo nnmnmt nyrt,
crcrnnno, cymcrnyr. cnxoanannsom onnanamr nx ncro na camom c, nn
nsyunnn cno nnunocrn. 3ro n concm ro, uro nastnarcx camonanmnnm, no n xanm
cnyua ncnxoananns moxno accmarnnart xax onn ns ro nnon. crt nnt x
acnocrannntx n omnsncrntx ncnxnucxnx xnnnn, xorot nn nxoroom
onnannn rxnnxo nsyunnx camoro cx moryr crart nmramn anannsa. 3ro ar
nosmoxnocrt ynrtcx n antnocrn nonccon, onnctnamtx n ncnxoananns, n n
nannntnocrn nx nonnmannx. ana, ycnmnocrt nonnxnnx no +romy nyrn nmr cnon
nnt. Ioaso ontmro moxno ocrnut, cnn rx ocnyr ontrnt ncnxoanannrnx,
cnn na cocrnnnom ncntrtnamt crnn anannsa n moxmt or yroro nnxrt
ronuamym rxnnxy +roro mroa. Konuno, +ror nxacnt nyrt ocrynn nnmt xaxomy
orntno, a n ncm casy.
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* nmo (nnn mno) no nncxo nrn - ocnonarnt annnoncxoro nacrna. -
nm. . nnoa.
yro sarynnn n nonnmannn ncnxoanannsa nxnr n n nm, a n nac camnx, nocxontxy
nt o cnx no sannmannct nsyunnm mnnnnt. rnnt namro mtmnnnx, c]omnonannt
nmcrnymmnm oasonannm, anx or ncnxoanannrnucxoro. t nnntxnn oocnontnart
]ynxnnn orannsma n nx naymnnx anaromnucxn, oxcnxrt nx xnmnucxn n ]nsnucxn n
nonnmart nonornucxn, no nnxora namn nnrct n oamannct x ncnxnucxo xnsnn,
xoroax xax as n xnnxrcx nnnom namro ynnnrntno cnoxnoro orannsma. nocmy
ncnxonornucxn noxo nam uyx, n nt nnntxnn ornocnrtcx x nmy c nonnm,
orxastnax my n nayunocrn n oranax ro na orxyn nno]ccnonanam, nncarnxm,
nary]nnoco]am n mncrnxam. axax orannunnocrt, sycnonno, rontxo nnr nam
nauno xrntnocrn, rax xax ontno ncrar n namn nx ncro cno
ymnno croono, xax +ro n noncxonr no ncx unonucxnx ornomnnxx, n x omct, uro
n naxasann sa ro nam nnrcx nonnrtcx rannrnucxo nomomtm, xoroym nt
crmnrct oxasart, c camoyuxamn, snaxaxmn n mncrnxamn, cront nsnamtmn namn.
Mn xcno, um onantnarcx +ror nocrarox n namm oasonannn. am n xnarar
]nnoco]cxnx snann, xorotmn nt mornn t nontsonartcx n nam nauno naxrnx. n
cnxynxrnnnax ]nnoco]nx, nn onncarntnax ncnxonornx, nn rax nastnamax
+xcnnmnrantnax ncnxonornx, cmxnax c ]nsnonorn uyncrn, xax onn nnonocxrcx n
yuntx sannnxx, n n cocroxnnn cxasart nam uro-nnyt nasymnrntno o ornomnnn
mxy rnom n ymo, art xnmu x nonnmannm nosmoxnoro naymnnx ncnxnucxnx
]ynxnn1. ana, n amxax mnnnnt onncannm nanm-
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1 xnrnucxo ornomnn ua x +xcnnmnrantno ncnxonornn morno trt
oycnonnno rm, uro nnrantnax nx nro nonma mornnannn nnonauantno n
nonranact ctsnomy +xcnnmnrantnomy nsyunnm. nmt nnocncrnnn n x
nccnonann (n uacrnocrn, y K. nnna n ro mxont) +ra nonma cranonnrcx onacrtm
nnmnnnx +xcnnmnrantntx mroon.
amtx ncnxnucxnx accrocrn n cocrannnnm xnnnnucxo xarnnt onsn
sannmarcx ncnxnarnx, no nt n uact orxonnnocrn ncnxnart camn ntcxastnamr
comnnnx n rom, sacnyxnnamr nn nx onncannx nasnannx nayxn. nmnromt, cocrannxmmn +rn
xarnnt onsn, n acnosnant no cnomy noncxoxnnm, mxannsmy n nsanmno cnxsn;
nm coornrcrnymr nno nonnnnt nsmnnnx anaromnucxoro orana ymn, nno raxn
nsmnnnx, xorot nnuro n oxcnxmr. annrnucxomy noscrnnm +rn ncnxnucxn
accrocrna ocrynnt rontxo rora, xora nx moxno onayxnrt no noountm
noxnnnnxm xaxoro-ro nnoro orannucxoro nsmnnnx.
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cnxoananns xax as n crmnrcx nocnonnnrt +ror non. n nnarar ncnxnarnn
nocrammym ncnxonornucxym ocnony, naxct narn ry omym asy, naroax xoroo
cranonnrcx nonxrntm courann comarnucxoro naymnnx c ncnxnucxnm. nx +roro
ncnxoananns onxn nsrart nmo uyxo my noctnxn anaromnucxoro, xnmnucxoro nnn
]nsnonornucxoro xaaxra n nontsonartcx uncro ncnxonornucxnmn ncnomorarntntmn
nonxrnxmn - nor noumy x onacamct, uro on noxaxrcx nam cnauana cront notuntm.
cnymmm sarynnnn x n xouy onnnxrt nn nac, nn nam oasonann, nn namy
ycranonxy. nymx cnonmn nonoxnnxmn ananns ocxonxr nct mn n ntstnar x c ro
nnnxsnt; ono ns nnx naranxnnarcx na nnrnnxryantnt, yro - na moantno-
+crrnucxn naccyxn.
cnyr, onaxo, noonnnnart +rn naccyxn; +ro nnacrnt cnnt, noount
noyxr nonsntx n ax noxonmtx nsmnnn n xo asnnrnx unonucrna. nn
noxnnamrcx namnmn a]]xrnnntmn cnnamn, n oortcx c nnmn ryno.
ornacno nnomy xooxmmy yrnxnnm ncnxoanannsa, ncnxnucxn noncct camn
no c ccosnarntnt, cosnarntnt nnmt orntnt axrt n croont ymnno xnsnn.
cnomnnr, uro mt, naooor, nnntxnn nnrn]nnnonart ncnxnucxo n cosnarntno.
mnno cosnann cunrarcx y nac ocnonno xaaxrno uro ncnxnucxoro, a ncnxonornx
- nayxo o coxannn cosnannx. a, +ro roxcrno xaxrcx nacrontxo camo coo
asymmmnmcx, uro nosaxnn nornn nro ncrannxrcx nam ounnno ccmtcnnn, n
nc x ncnxoananns n moxr n nosaxart, on n moxr nnsnart nnrnunocrt
cosnarntnoro n ncnxnucxoro1. ornacno ro onnnnm, ncnxnucxo
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1 u nocroxnno nouxnnan, uro ncnxoananns orxtn onacrt ccosnarntntx
ymnntx nonccon, rora xax nc ocrantnt xonnnnnn nnrn]nnnymr ncnxnxy n
cosnann. accmarnnax +ry nosnnnm n ncronucxo ncnxrnn, cnyr nouxnyrt, uro
u naxnarno onnnnan omym cnryannm n ncnxonornucxo nayx. onxrn
ccosnarntno ncnxnxn tno nnno nnnm, ]nnoco]cxym xonnnnnm xorooro
Iar nnn na xstx ocrynno +mnnnucxomy anannsy "crarnxn n nnamnxn
ncrannnn". xo or ymosnrntntx xoncryxnn, nxnmuanmnx n cx nonxrn o
ccosnarntno ncnxnx (n uacrnocrn, ]nnoco]nn onnray+a), x ncnontsonannm n
+xcnnmnrantno nayx namrnncx n cnn XIX n., xora nsyunn ]ynxnn oranon
uyncrn n ntcmnx nnntx nnron noynno crcrnoncntrarn oarnrtcx x yxasannomy
nonxrnm c nntm oxcnnnx ]axron, nconmcrnmtx co nsrnxom na ncnxnxy xax onacrt
xnnnn cosnannx. Intmrontn ntnnrar nonxrn o "ccosnarntntx ymosaxnmunnxx" xax
mxannsm nocronnx cnconoro oasa. nonoxnn o ccosnarntno ncnxnx
nxano n ocnon ncnxo]nsnxn uxna. ornacno unony, "ccosnarntnt omymnnx",
nnn uyncrnonannx, cnyxar rynxroamn nnrarntno axrnnnocrn. roxcrnnnn ncnxnxn
n cosnannx ornrann n mnorn yrn nccnonarnn. crnnrntnax nonnsna xonnnnnn
ua cnxsana c asaorxo nonm nocosnanamo mornnannn, nsyunnm
nocosnanamtx xomnonnron n cryxry nnunocrn n nnamnucxnx ornomnn mxy
nnmn.
ncrannxr coo noncct uyncrnonannx, mtmnnnx, xnannx, n +ro onnnn
onycxar cymcrnonann ccosnarntnoro mtmnnnx n ccosnarntnoro xnannx. o
anno yrnxnn casy x onxr ro n rnasax ncx nnnxnnn rsno nayunocrn n
sacrannxr noosnart, uro ncnxoananns - ]anracrnucxo rano yunn, xoroo onr n
normxax, xnax nonnrt ty n myrno no. am x, ynaxamt cnymarnn, noxa m
nnonxrno, no xaxomy nany cront acraxrno nonoxnn, xax "ncnxnucxo crt
cosnarntno", x cunram naccyxom, nt, moxr trt, raxx n oratnarct, uro morno
nnncrn x ornnannm ccosnarntnoro, cnn raxono cymcrnyr, n xaxn nnmymcrna
anano raxo ornnann. onoc o rom, roxcrnnno nn ncnxnucxo cosnarntnomy nnn x
ono roaso mn, moxr noxasartcx nycro nro cnon, no cmm nac sannrt, uro nnsnann
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cymcrnonannx ccosnarntntx ncnxnucxnx nonccon nr x conmnno nono
onnrannn n mn n nayx.
t ax n noosnar, xaxax rcnax cnxst cymcrnyr mxy +rnm nntm cmntm
yrnxnnm ncnxoanannsa n nrotm, o xoroom ut nor nnx. 3ro nroo nonoxnn,
xoroo ncnxoananns cunrar onnm ns cnonx ocrnxnn, yrnxar, uro nnunnx,
xorot moxno nasnart cxcyantntmn n ysxom n
mnoxom cmtcnax cnona, nramr nnoxrno ontmym n o cnx no nnnsnannym ont
n nosnnxnonnnn nnntx n ncnxnucxnx saonnann. on roro, +rn x cxcyantnt
nnunnx yuacrnymr n cosannn ntcmnx xyntryntx, xyoxcrnnntx n connantntx
nnnocr unonucxoro yxa, n nx nxna nntsx noonnnnart.
o cocrnnnomy ontry snam, uro nnnxrn +roro syntrara ncnxoanannrnucxoro
nccnonannx xnnxrcx rnanntm ncrounnxom conornnnnnx, c xorotm ono cranxnnarcx.
Xornr snart, xax mt +ro c oxcnxm? Mt cunram, uro xyntrya tna cosana no
nnnxnnm xnsnnno noxonmocrn sa cur yonnrnonnx nnunn, n ona no ontm
uacrn nocroxnno noccosarcx naroax romy, uro orntnax nnunocrt, ncrynax n
unonucxo omcrno, cnona xrnyr yonnrnonnm cnonx nnunn n nontsy
omcrna. n +rnx nnunn snaunrntnym ont nramr cxcyantnt; nn +rom onn
cynnmnymrcx, r. . orxnonxmrcx or cnonx cxcyantntx nn, n nanannxmrcx na nnn
connantno on ntcoxn, yx n cxcyantnt1. 3ra xoncryxnnx, onaxo, nctma
nycrounna, cxcyantnt nnunnx noannxmrcx c ryom, n xaxomy,
----------------------------------------
1 cnxoananns, xax xncrnyr ns +rnx nonoxnn, n orannunnancx nnrxsannm na
nocronn nono ncnxonornn n nonoro yunnx o +rnonornn nnntx n ncnxnucxnx
saonnann. tx sa rannnt +rnx nanannnn, on cran nrnonart na oxcnnn
nnxymnx cnn asnnrnx unonucxoro omcrna n ornomnn mxy nnunocrtm n
xyntryo. axo ornomnn raxronanoct xax nsnauantno anraronncrnucxo. 3ro cnonano
yx ns ncxontx nosnnn ua, cornacno xorotm cxcyantnt nnunnx n arccnnnt
nncrnnxrt, oasyx rnynnnt, nonornucxn no cno cymnocrn ocnont nnunocrn,
nconmcrnmt c rmn ronannxmn, xorot nanxstnamr connantnax ca c
nancrnnntmn nomamn.
xomy ncronr nxnmunrtcx n cosann xyntryntx nnnocr, rosnr onacnocrt, uro ro
cxcyantnt nnunnx n onycrxr raxoro nx nnmnnnx. mcrno n snar on
cramno yrost nx cno xyntryt, um ntcnooxnn cxcyantntx nnunn n nx
nosnar x nsnauantntm nnxm. rax, omcrno n nmnr nanomnnann o +rom cnaom mcr
n ro ocnonannn, ono n sannrconano n nnsnannn cnnt cxcyantntx nnunn n n
ntxcnnnn snaunnx cxcyantno xnsnn nx xaxoro, ontm roro, ns nocnnrarntntx
cooaxnn ono craarcx ornnut nnnmann or nc +ro onacrn. o+romy ono cront
nrnnmo x ntmynomxnyromy syntrary nccnonann ncnxoanannsa n oxorn ncro
crmnrcx ncrannrt ro ornarnrntntm c +crrnucxo rouxn snnx n nnncrontm
nnn ax onacntm c rouxn snnx moann. o raxnmn ntnaamn nntsx ononrnyrt
oxrnnnt syntrart nayuno aort. cnn yx ntnnrart nosaxnnx, ro onn onxnt
trt oocnonant nnrnnxryantno. t unonxy cnocrnnno cunrart nnannntntm ro,
uro my n nannrcx, n rora nrxo naxoxrcx arymnrt nx nosaxnn. rax, omcrno
ntar nxnarntno sa nnannntno, ocnannax ncrnnnocrt ncnxoanannsa nornucxnmn n
]axrnucxnmn arymnramn, nocxasanntmn, onaxo, a]]xramn, n xnrcx sa +rn
nosaxnnx-naccyxn, ncmorx na nc nontrxn nx ononrnyrt.
mm nac sannrt, ynaxamt amt n rocnoa, uro, ntnnrax +ro cnono nonoxnn,
mt noom n crmnnnct x rnnnnosnocrn. Mt xornn nnmt noxasart ]axrnucxo
nonoxnn nm, xoroo, namcx, mt nosnann n noncc ynono aort. Mt n rnt
cunram cx nnan orxnonnrt ncxxo nroxnn noontx naxrnucxnx cooaxnn n
nayunym aory, xorx mt m n ycnnn ynrtcx n oocnonannocrn rx onacnn, xorot
nmmr cncrnnm +rn cooaxnnx.
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axont nnmt nxorot ns rx sarynnn, c xorotmn nam ncronr cronxnyrtcx n
noncc sanxrn ncnxoanannsom. nx nauana, noxany, on um ocrarouno. cnn nt
cymr noonrt nrarnnno nnuarnnn or nnx, mt noonxnm namn ct.

KH

Vnaxamt amt n rocnoa! Mt naunm n c nnonoxnn, a c nccnonannx. ro
oxrom yyr nctma nsncrnt, uacro ncruammncx n mano nnnnxanmn x c
nnnmann xnnnnx, xorot, n nmx nnuro omro c onsntm, nanmamrcx y nmoro
soonoro unonxa. 3ro rax nastnamt omnount crnnx 1 (Fehlleistungen) unonxa:
oronoxn (Versprechen) - xora, xnax uro-nno cxasart, xro-ro nmcro onoro cnona
ynornxr yro; onncxn - xora ro x camo noncxonr nn nnctm, uro moxr trt
samuno nnn ocrartcx nsamunntm; ounrxn (Verlesen) - xora unramr n ro, uro
nanuarano nnn nanncano; ocntmxn (Verhnren) - xora unonx cntmnr n ro, uro my
ronoxr, naymnnx cnyxa no orannucxnm nnunnam cma, xonuno, n ornocxrcx. ocnon
yro rynnt raxnx xnnnn nxnr satnann (Vergessen), no n nnrntno, a nmnno,
xora unonx n moxr ncnomnnrt, nannm, nmnn (Name), xoroo on nannxxa snar n
otuno sarm ncnomnnar, nnn satnar ntnonnnrt namnn (Vorsatz), o xoroom nosn
ncnomnnar, a satnar nnmt na onnnnt momnr. rrt rynn xnnnn +ror
nmnno acnxr orcyrcrnyr, xax, nannm, nn sanxrtnannn (Verlegen), xora xaxo-
nno nmr xya-ro ynamt, rax uro n moxmt ro ontm narn, nnn nn conmnno
ananornunom sarnnannn (Verlieren). 3ct n namn satnann, x xoroomy ornocnmtcx
nnau, um x satnannm yroro oa; ono ntstnar ynnnnn nnn ocay, nmcro roro
urot mt cunrann ro crcrnnntm. ma x ornocxrcx onnnnt omnxn-
sanyxnnx (Irrttmer),* xorot raxx nmmr nmnno acnxr, xora na xaxo-ro nmx
nnmt umy-ro, o um o n nocn snamt, uro +ro n coornrcrnyr crnnrntnocrn, n
nnt x noontx xnnnn, nmmmnx asnnunt nasnannx.
----------------------------------------
1 syunn omnountx crnn xnnxnoct ono ns rnanntx rm ncnxonornucxnx
nccnonann ua. 3ro rm cnnnantno nocnxmna ro aora "cnxonaronornx
otnno xnsnn" (1901).
nyrnn cxocrno ncx +rnx cnyuan ntaxarcx nncranxo "o-" nnn "sa-" (Ver-) n nx
nasnannxx. ourn nc onn nctma ncymcrnnnt, n ontmnncrn cnom cxoonxoxmn n
n nramr naxno onn n xnsnn unonxa. ontxo nsxa xaxo-nnyt ns nnx, nannm
sarnnann nmron, nnorar nsncrnym naxrnucxym snaunmocrt. mnno no+romy
na nnx n oamamr ocooro nnnmannx, ntstnamr onn nnmt cnat +monnn n r. .
mnno x +rnm xnnnnxm x n xouy nnnnut rnt nam nnnmann. o nt nonontno
nosasnr mn: " mn, xax n n ymnno xnsnn, on uacrno ro onacrn, crt crontxo
nnnxnx ran, n onacrn ncnxnucxnx accrocrn rax mnoro ynnnrntnoro, xoroo
nyxarcx n oxcnnnn n sacnyxnnar ro, uro, na-
----------------------------------------
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* nono "Irrtum" nnonrcx yxnantno xax "omnxa", "sanyxnn". nacroxmm
nsannn ono n sanncnmocrn or xonrxcra nnonrcx nno xax "omnxa", nno xax "omnxa-
sanyxnn". - nm. . nnoa.
no, xant rarnrt nmx na raxn mnoun. cnn t nt mornn oxcnnrt nam, xaxnm
oasom unonx c xoomnm snnm n cnyxom cn na nx moxr ynnrt n ycntmart ro,
uro nr, a yro nyr cunrar, uro ro ncnymr nmnno r, xoro on o cnx no ontm
ncx nmnn, nnn camtm ocroymntm oasom samnmar xnmt, xorot nmomy nxy
noxaxyrcx ccmtcnnn, mt m xax-nnyt nnsnann t ncnxoananns. o cnn on
nnarar nam nnmt asnartcx n rom, noumy oaro nmcro onoro cnona rononr yro
nnn noumy omoxosxxa xya-ro sanxrana cnon xnmun, a n n yrnx noontx nycrxxax, ro
mt cymm narn nyum nnmnnn cnomy nmnn n nnrcam". t nam ornrnn:
"nnn, ynaxamt amt n rocnoa!" cunram, uro nama xnrnxa tr mnmo nnn.
crnnrntno, ncnxoananns n moxr noxnacrartcx rm, uro nnxora n sannmancx
mnouamn. anornn, marnanom nx ro nanmnn xax as n cnyxar r nsamrnt
xnnnnx, xorot n yrnx nayxax ornramrcx xax nocront nnnmannx, cunramrcx, rax
cxasart, orocamn mna xnnnn. o n nomnxr nn nt n nam xnrnx snaunmocrt
nonm nx nnmn xxocrtm? asn nr nctma cymcrnnntx xnnnn, xorot moryr nn
onnnntx ocroxrntcrnax n n onnnno nmx ntart cx camtmn
nsnaunrntntmn nnsnaxamn? c nrxocrtm mory nnncrn mnoro nnmon raxnx
cnryann. o xaxnm nnuroxntm nnsnaxam nt, cnxmn sct monot nmn, samuar, uro
sanonann narocxnonnocrt amt? asn nx +roro nt xr oxcnnn n nmnn, ntnxnx
oxrn, a nocrarouno nn nam na samrnoro nsrnxa, rnoro nnxnnx, uyrt
sarxnynmrocx yxonoxarnx? cnn nt, yyun xnmnnanncrom, yuacrnyr n
accnonannn yncrna, asn accunrtnar nt n camom n. uro ynna ocrannn nam
na mcr ncrynnnnx cnom ]orora]nm c acom, n n ntnyxnt nn nt
onontcrnonartcx on cnatmn n n cront xnntmn cnamn nncyrcrnnx nnunocrn,
xoroym nmr? ax uro n ym noonnnnart nsnaunrntnt nnsnaxn, moxr trt,
onn nanyr nac na cn uro-nnyt on naxnoro. nnoum, x, xax n nt, nonaram, uro
nnnxn nonmt mna n nayxn onxnt nnrconart nac nx ncro. o otuno ount
mano nontst or roro, uro xro-ro no ncycntmann saxnnn o namnnn casy x nncrynnrt x
nccnonannm ro nnn nno nnnxo nonmt. acro n raxnx cnyuaxx n snamr, c uro
nauart. nayuno aor ncnxrnnn oarnrtcx x nsyunnm roro, uro rx oxyxar n
uro on ocrynno nx nccnonannx. cnn +ro nart ocrarouno ocnonarntno,
nnnsxro n rnnnno, ro, cnn nocuacrnnnnrcx, ax raxax nctma nnnrxsarntnax
aora moxr orxtrt nyrt x nsyunnm nnnxnx nonm, nocxontxy xax nc cnxsano co ncm,
rax n mano connxrcx c nnnxnm.
or rax t x accyxan, urot noynrt nam nnrc x anannsy xaxymnxcx raxnmn
nnuroxntmn omnountx crnn soontx nm. rnt norononm c xm-nnyt, xro
concm n snaxom c ncnxoanannsom, n cnocnm, xax on oxcnxr noncxoxnn +rnx
xnnnn.
x ncro on, nnnmo, ornrnr: ", +ro n sacnyxnnar xaxnx-nno oxcnnn; +ro
nocro manntxn cnyuanocrn". ro x on xour +rnm cxasart? txonr, cymcrnymr
nacrontxo nnuroxnt cotrnx, ntnaammn ns nnn mnontx cotrn, xorot c raxnm x
ycnxom moryr xax nonsorn, rax n n nonsorn? cnn xro-ro naymnr, raxnm oasom,
crcrnnnt rmnnnsm n onom-nncrnnnom mcr, ro yxnr nc nayuno
mnonossnn. ora moxno
nocrannrt my n ynx, uro nnrnosno mnonossnn xya nocnonarntn, xora
nacrounno sanxr, uro nn onn nonoc n ynar c ronont s oxt nonn |yxn.: nn onn
noo n ynar c xtmn s oxt nonn|. ymam, uro nam yr n yr nart ntnot
ns cnoro nnoro ornra, on nncr nonanxy n cxaxr, uro cnn +rn xnnnnx nsyuart, ro,
crcrnnno, nayrcx n nx nnx oxcnnnx. nn moryr trt ntsnant nontmnmn
orxnonnnxmn ]ynxnn, nrounocrxmn n ncnxnucxo xrntnocrn nn onnnntx
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ycnonnxx. nonx, xorot otuno rononr nannntno, moxr orononrtcx: 1) cnn my
nsoonnrcx n on ycran; 2) cnn on nsnonnonan; 3) cnn on cnnmxom sanxr yrnmn nmamn.
3rn nnonoxnnx nrxo nornnrt. crnnrntno, oronoxn ncruamrcx oconno
uacro, xora unonx ycran, cnn y nro onnr ronona nnn naunnarcx mnrnt. +rnx x
ycnonnxx nrxo noncxonr satnann nmn cocrnnntx. nx nxorotx nnn raxo
satnann nmn cocrnnntx xnnxrcx nnsnaxom nnnnxammcx mnrnn. nonnnnn
raxx uacro nyramt cnona; saxnartnamt "no omnx" n r nmrt, satnamt o
namnnxx, a n nonsnonmt maccy yrnx nnnnnntx crnn no accxnnocrn, r.
. cnn nnnmann cxonnnrnonano na um-ro yrom. sncrntm nnmom raxo
accxnnocrn moxr cnyxnrt no]cco ns Fliegende Bltter, xorot satnar sonr n
nanar uyxym mnxny, noromy uro ymar o nonmax cno yym xnnrn. o
cocrnnnomy ontry nc mt snam o namnnxx n omannxx, satrtx ns-sa roro, uro nac
cnnmxom saxnarnno xaxo-ro yro nxnnann.
3ro rax nonxrno, uro, no-nnnmomy, n moxr ntsnart nosaxnn. ana, moxr trt,
n n rax nnrcno, xax mt oxnann. ocmornm x na +rn omnount crnnx
nonnnmarntn. Vcnonnx, xorot, no nnonoxnnm, noxonmt nx nosnnxnonnnx
+rnx ]nomnon, asnnunt. omorann n naymnn xonooamnnx xnnxmrcx
]nsnonornucxnmn nnunnamn naymnn nomantno xrntnocrn; nonnnn, ycranocrt,
accxnnocrt - nnunnt yroro xaaxra, xorot moxno nasnart
ncnxo]nsnonornucxnmn. ornucxn nx nrxo moxno oxcnnrt. n ycranocrn, xax n nn
accxnnocrn n ax nn omm nonnnnn, nnnmann acnnxrcx raxnm oasom, uro nx
coornrcrnymmro crnnx ro ocrarcx cnnmxom mano. ora +ro crnn ntnonnxrcx
nnannntno nnn nrouno. rxo nomorann n nsmnnnx nnroxa xonn x rononnomy
mosry moryr ntsnart raxo x +]]xr, r. . nonnnxrt na acnnnn nnnmannx. axnm
oasom, no ncx cnyuaxx no cnonrcx x syntraram accrocrna nnnmannx orannucxo
nnn ncnxnucxo +rnonornn.
s ncro +roro nx ncnxoanannsa xax yro nmnoro moxno nsnnut. V nac moxr onxrt
nosnnxnyrt ncxymnn ocrannrt +ry rmy. o nn nnxamm accmornnn oxastnarcx,
uro n nc omnount crnnx moxno oxcnnrt anno ron nnnmannx nnn, no ncxxom
cnyua, onn oxcnxmrcx n rontxo m. ntr noxastnar, uro omnount crnnx n
satnann noxnnxmrcx n y nnn, xorot n ycrann, n accxnt n n nsnonnonant, asn uro
nm nnnnmyr +ro nonnnn nocn cnannoro omnounoro crnnx, no camn onn ro n
ncntrtnann. a n nx nn moxno cncrn nc x nocromy oxcnnnm, uro ycnnnn nnnmannx
ocnunnar nannntnocrt crnnx, ocnannn x naymar ro ntnonnnn. ymcrnyr
ontmo xonnucrno crnn, uncro anromarnucxnx n rymmnx mnnnmantnoro nnnmannx,
xorot ntnonnxmrcx nn +rom aconmrno ynnno. a norynx uacro n ymamt, xya
nmt, onaxo n cnnamtcx c nyrn n nnxonmt, xya xorn. o ncxxom cnyua, otuno
tnar rax. Xoomn nnanncr n ymar o rom, xaxn xnannmn my naxnmart. n, xonuno,
moxr omnnrtcx, no cnn t anromarnucxax nra cnococrnonana ynnnunnm uncna
omnox, ro nmnno nnryost, nra xorotx conmnno anromarnsnonana naroax
ynaxnnnxm, omnannct t uam ncx. Mt nnnm xax as oarno: mnorn crnnx
conmamrcx oconno ynnno, cnn na nnx n oamart nnnmannx, a omnouno crnn
nosnnxar nmnno rora, xora nannntnocrn ro ntnonnnnx nnarcx ocoo snaunn n
ornnunn nnnmannx nnxax n nnonararcx. Moxno orncrn +ro na cur "nonnnnx", no
nnonxrno, noumy ono n ycnnnnar nnnmannx x romy, uro rax xourcx ntnonnnrt. Kora n
naxno un nnn n asrono ns-sa oronoxn ntcxastnamt nornnononoxno romy, uro
xorn cxasart, nx nn +ro moxno oxcnnrt ncnxo]nsnonornucxo ron nnn ron
nnnmannx1.
omnountx crnnxx crt raxx mnoro nsnaunrntntx noountx xnnnn, xorot
n nonxrt n n oxcnnt o cnx no cymcrnymmnmn ronxmn. annm, xora na nmx
sayrcx cnono, ro uyncrnymt ocay, xoumt no uro t ro nn crano ncnomnnrt ro n nnxax
n moxmt ornartcx or +roro xnannx. oumy x accnnmmycx n yarcx, xax on nn
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craarcx, nanannrt nnnmann na cnono, xoroo, xax on yrnxar, "nrnrcx na xstx", no
+ro
----------------------------------------
1 onma anromarnsannn crnn ntcrynnna n ncnxonornn n cnxsn c nsyunnm
nantxon, r. . cncrmt nnxnn, annsymtx s nxmo cosnarntno-nonno rynxnnn.
onoxnn o rom, uro mnorn ncnxnucxn ]ynxnnn ocymcrnnxmrcx roun, xora na nnx n
nanannno nnnmann, xnnxrcx n ncnxonornn omnnnxrtm. nmt roro, xax nnnmann
mmar anromarnucxomy nonccy, xorot nrar onnnnym ont n nonnmannn ocror,
coxarcx n xnnr ua "croymn n ro ornomnn x ccosnarntnomy" (1905).
cnono ryr x ncnomnnarcx, cnn ro cxaxr xro-ro yro? nn tnamr cnyuan, xora
omnount crnnx mnoxarcx, nnnramrcx yr c yrom, samnxmr yr yra.
nnt as satnamt o cnnannn, yro as c rntm namnnm n satrt o nm
oxastnarcx, uro nnyran uac. Xoumt oxontntm nyrm ncnomnnrt satro cnono, n
syntrar satnamt nroo, xoroo onxno tno nomout ncnomnnrt nno. raamtcx
nnnomnnrt rnt nroo, ycxontsar rrt n r. . o x camo noncxonr n c onuarxamn,
xorot cnyr nonnmart xax omnount crnnx naomnxa. Ionoxr, raxax ycrounnax
onuarxa noanact xax-ro n ony connan-moxarnucxym rasry. coomnnn o onom
nsncrnom roxcrn moxno tno noucrt: "n nncyrcrnymmnx tn ro nnnucrno
xonnnnn". a cnymmn nt noxnnnoct ononxnn: "Konuno, cnyr unrart
xnonnnn". raxnx cnyuaxx nmxr rononrt o nuncro cnn, snom yx naonoro xmnxa n
romy noontx nmax, ntxoxmnx sa amxn ncnxo]nsnonornucxo ronn onuarxn.
n snam, nsncrno nn nam, uro oronoxy moxno cnononnonart, rax cxasart, ntsnart
nnymnnm. o +romy nonoy accxastnamr anxor: xax-ro nonnuxy noyunnn naxnym ont
na cnn; n nancxo n on onxn tn onoxnrt xoonm, uro xonnrant orctnar cno
mu (der Connetale schickt sein chwert zurtck). ranmn rnannym ont nomyrnn na
oxnm nonnuxom n no nmx nrnnnn ncxontxo as nocxasan my nmcro nyxntx cnon:
xom]orant orctnar cnom nomat (der KomIortael schickt sein PIerd zurtck) n onncx
cnoro. a ncrannnnn ncuacrnt mranr orononncx, xorx ro nynxann o
+rom, a moxr trt, nmnno noromy rax n cnyunnoct.
c +rn manntxn oconnocrn omnountx crnn nntsx oxcnnrt rontxo ron
ornnunnx
nnnmannx. o +ro m n snaunr, uro +ra ronx nnannntna. , noxany, uro-ro n
xnarar, xaxoro-ro ononnnrntnoro yrnxnnx nx roro, urot ona nonnocrtm nac
yonnrnoxna. o nxorot omnount crnnx moxno accmorrt raxx n c yro
croont.
aunm c oronoxn, ona ontm ncro noxonr nam ns omnountx crnn. Xorx c
raxnm x ycnxom mt mornn t ntart onncxy nnn ounrxy. asy x cnyr cxasart, uro
o cnx no mt cnamnnann rontxo o rom, xora, nn xaxnx ycnonnxx noncxonr oronoxa, n
rontxo na +ror nonoc mt n nonyuann ornr. o moxno raxx sannrconartcx yrnm n
nontrartcx ysnart: noumy unonx orononncx nmnno rax, a n nnau; cnyr oarnrt
nnnmann na ro, uro noncxonr nn oronox. t nonnmar, uro noxa mt n ornrnm na
+ror nonoc, noxa mt n oxcnnm syntrar oronoxn c ncnxonornucxo rouxn snnx, +ro
xnnnn ocranrcx cnyuanocrtm, xorx ]nsnonornucxo oxcnnn my n moxno yr
narn. cnn mn cnyunrcx orononrtcx, x mory +ro cnart n cxonuno mnornx nananrax,
nmcro nyxnoro cnona moxno cxasart rtcxuy yrnx, nyxno cnono moxr nonyunrt
cuncnnno mnoxcrno ncxaxnn. ymcrnyr nn uro-ro, uro sacrannxr mnx ns ncx
nosmoxntx oronoox cnart nmnno raxym, nnn +ro cnyuanocrt, nonsnon n rora, moxr
trt, na +ror nonoc nntsx ornrnrt nnuro asymnoro?
na anroa, Mnnr n Ma (onn - ]nnonor, yro - ncnxnar), nontrannct n 195
r. nmnno c +ro croont noorn x nonocy o oronoxax. nn coann mnoro nnmon n
nocro onncann nx. 3ro, xonuno, m n ar nnxaxoro oxcnnnx oronoxam, no nosnonxr
narn nyrt x nmy. nrot asnnuamr cnymmn ncxaxnnx, nosnnxammn ns-sa oronoox:
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nmmnnx (Vertauschungen), nnocxnmnnx (Vorklnge), orsnyxn (Nachklnge),
cmmnnx, nnn xonramnnannn (Vermengungen, oder Kontaminationen), n sammnnx, nnn
cycrnrynnn (rsetzungen, oder ustitutionen). nnny nam nnmt, nnoxnnt
anroamn nx +rnx ocnonntx rynn. nyua nmmnnx: Die Milo von Venus nmcro die
Venus von Milo |nmmnn n nocnonarntnocrn cnon - Mnno ns nt nmcro nt
ns Mnnoca|: nnocxnmnn: s war mir auI der chivest. auI der Brust so schwer |Mn tno
na ym (on.: n ryn) rax rxxno, no nnauan nmcro cnona "Brust" - ryt - tna cnana
oronoxa "chwest", n xoroo orasnnoct nnocxnmamo cnono "schwer" - rxxno|.
nmom orsnyxa moxr cnyxnrt nyaunt rocr: Ich Iordere ie auI, auI das ohl unseres
CheIs auIzustoen |naram am ntnnrt (ocn.: uoxnyrtcx) sa soont namro m]a; no
nmcro anstoen - uoxnyrtcx - cxasano: auI stoen - ortrnyrt|. 3rn rn nna oronoox
onontno xn. am ncruamrcx oronoxn ns-sa crxxnnx nnn cmmnnx, nannm, xora
monoo unonx saronannar c amo: enn ie gestatten mein Frulein, mnchte ich ie gerne
egleit-digen |cnn t asmnr, atmnx, x ac nonoxy; no n cnono "egleiten" -
nononrt - ncrannnt m rn yxnt "dig"|. cnon egleit-digen xorcx, xom cnona
egleiten |nononrt|, ounnno, m cnono eleidigen |ocxonrt|. (Monoo unonx,
nnnmo, n nmn ontmoro ycnxa y amt.) a sammnn anrot nnnoxr nnm: Ich gee
die Prparate in den BrieIkasten anstatt Brutkasten | crannm nnaart n nouront xmnx
nmcro rmocrara|.
xcnnn, xoroo oa anroa ntramrcx ntncrn ns cnoro coannx nnmon,
conmnno nocrarouno. nn cunramr, uro snyxn n cnorn n cnon nmmr asnnunym
snaunmocrt n nnnnannx on snaunmoro +nmnra nnnxr na nnnnannm mn snaunmoro.
n +rom anrot cctnamrcx na xn cnyuan nnocxnmnnx n orsnyxa; n cnyuaxx x
oronoox yroro rnna +rn snyxont nnournnx, cnn onn noom cymcrnymr, n nramr
nnxaxo onn. am ncro nn oronox ynornxmr noxox no snyuannm cnono, +rnm
cxocrnom n oxcnxmr oronoxy. annm, n cno ncrynnrntno un no]cco
saxnnxr: Ich in nicht geneigt (geeignet), die Verdienste meines sehr geschtzten Vorgngers zu
wtrdigen | n cxnonn (nmcro ncnocon) onnnrt sacnyrn cnoro ynaxamoro
nmcrnnnnxa|. nn yro no]cco: Beim weilichen Genitale hat man trotz vieler
Versuchungen. Pardon: Versuche. | xncxnx rnnrannxx, ncmorx na mnoro ncxymnn,
nocrnr, nontrox.|.
o camo otuno n n ro x nmx camo noasnrntno oronoxo xnnxrcx ra, xora
nonsnocnrcx xax as nornnononoxno romy, uro conancx cxasart. n +rom coornomnn
snyxon n nnnxnn cxocrna, xonuno, n nmmr snaunnx, a samny moxno oxcnnrt rm, uro
nornnononoxnocrn nmmr nonxrnno ocrno n n ncnxonornucxo acconnannn oconno
cnnxamrcx. Moxno nnncrn ncronucxn nnmt raxoro oa: nsnnr nam nanart
nyraron orxtn xax-ro sacann cnymmnmn cnonamn: "Iocnoa, x nnsnam uncno
nncyrcrnymmnx ocrarountm n oxnnxm sacann saxtrtm". ax x narntcxn, xax
coornomnn nornnononoxnocr, moryr noncrn yrn nnntunt acconnannn, xorot
nnora nosnnxamr concm nxcrarn. ax, nannm, accxastnamr, uro na roxcrnnnom
axocourannn r I. Intmrontna n snamnnroro nsorarnx n xynnoro
nomtmnnnnxa . nmnca nsncrnt ]nsnonor mya-mon nonsnc nnnrcrnnnym
ut.1 n saxonunn cno nnonn ncrxmn rocr cnonamn: "rax, a sancrnyr nonax
]nma nmnc n Iancx". 3ro tno, crcrnnno, nasnann crao ]nmt. ourann +rnx
nyx nmn rax x otuno nx xnrnx nnna, xax "nnt n ornt" nx xnrnx nt.
axnm oasom, mt onxnt x coornomnnm snyxon n cxocrny cnon nnannrt nnnxnn
cnoncntx acconnann. o n +roro m nocrarouno. nnom x cnyuan oronoxy na nn
moxno oxcnnrt s yura roro, uro tno cxasano n nmcrnymmm nnoxnnn nnn x
uro nnonaranoct cxasart. rax, moxno cunrart, uro +ro onxrt cnyua orsnyxa, xax no
Mnnry, no rontxo on orannno cnxsannt no cmtcny. onxn nnsnartcx, uro nocn
ncx +rnx oxcnnn moxr cnoxnrtcx nnuarnnn, uro mt rnt m on anxn or
nonnmannx oronoox, um xora-nno!
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o namct, uro n omnyct, ntcxasan nnonoxnn, uro no nmx nonnnoro
nccnonannx y ncx y nac nosnnxno nno nnuarnnn or nnmon oronoox, xoroo cronno
t noanannsnonart. Mt nccnonann ycnonnx, nn xorotx oronoxn noom nosnnxamr,
onnnnn, uro nnnxr na oconnocrn ncxaxnn nn oronoxax, no concm n accmornn
+]]xra oronoxn camoro no c, sornocnrntno x nosnnxnonnnm. cnn mt mnmcx
na +ro, ro noxonma
----------------------------------------
1 Intmrontn I. (121-194) - ntammncx nmnxn crcrnoncntrarnt. ocnonan
saxon coxannnx n nnamnnx +nrnn. nn ns cosarn conmnno
ncnxo]nsnonornn.
mya-mon . (11-196) - nmnxn ]nsnonor. nro xnaccnucxnx aor no
+nxro]nsnonornn.
Intmrontn n mya-mon xnnxnnct nnamn nmnxo ]nsnxo-xnmnucxo mxont n
]nsnonornn, nn xoroo oxasann ontmo nnnxnn na monooro ua.
nsncrnax cmnocrt, urot cxasart: a, n nxorotx cnyuaxx oronoxa nmr cmtcn
(inn). ro snaunr "nmr cmtcn"? 3ro snaunr, uro oronoxy, nosmoxno, cnyr cunrart
nonnonnntm ncnxnucxnm axrom, nmmmnm cnom nnt, onnnnym ]omy ntaxnnx n
snaunn. o cnx no mt nc nmx rononnn o omnountx crnnxx, a rnt oxastnarcx,
uro nnora omnouno crnn xnnxrcx conmnno nannntntm, rontxo ono nosnnxno
nmcro yroro oxnamoro nnn nnonaramoro crnnx.
3ror crnnrntnt cmtcn omnounoro crnnx n orntntx cnyuaxx conmnno
ounnn n ncomnnn. cnn ncarnt nanart nyraron n nntx x cnonx cnonax
saxtnar sacann nmcro roro, urot ro orxtrt, ro, snax ocroxrntcrna, n xorotx
nonsomna oronoxa, mt cxnonnt cunrart +ro omnouno crnn n nnmnntm cmtcna. n
n oxnar or sacannx nnuro xoomro n a tn t casy ro saxtrt. oxasart +ror
cmtcn, r.. ncronxonart +ry oronoxy, n cocrannxr nnxaxoro rya. nn cnn ona ama c
xaxymnmcx oonnm rononr yro: Diesen reizenden neuen Hut haen ie sich wohl selst
auIgepatz?. |3ry nncrnym nonym mnxny t, noxrno, camn onann? - nmcro auIgeputzt
- ornann|, ro nnxaxax nayunocrt n mn n nommar nam ycntmart n +ro oronox
ntaxnn: Dieser Hut ist eine Patzerei |3ra mnxna snaxno ncnouna|. nn cnn
nsncrnax cno +nrnunocrtm ama accxastnar: "Mo myx cnocnn oxroa, xaxo nrt
my nnxnnartcx, na +ro oxro ornrnn - my n nyxna nnxaxax nra, on moxr crt n
nnrt nc, uro x xouy", ro nt sa +ro oronoxo cronr xcno ntaxnnax nocnonarntnax
noramma nonnnx.
Vnaxamt amt n rocnoa, cnn ntxcnnnoct, uro n rontxo nxorot oronoxn n
omnount crnnx
nmmr cmtcn, no n nx snaunrntno ontmnncrno, ro, ncomnnno, +ror cmtcn
omnountx crnn, o xoroom o cnx no nnxro n rononn, n cranr nx nac nanon
nnrcntm, a nc ocrantnt rouxn snnx no nany oroyr na sann nnan. Mt moxm
ocrannrt ]nsnonornucxn n ncnxo]nsnonornucxn noncct n nocnxrnrt cx uncro
ncnxonornucxnm nccnonannxm o cmtcn, r. . snaunnn n namnnxx omnountx
crnn. n cnxsn c +rnm mt n ynycrnm nosmoxnocrn nnnnut on mnoxn marnan
nx nonxn +rnx nnonoxnn.
o nx um mt ntnonnnm +ro namnn, x nocnn t nac nocnonart no yromy
nyrn. acro cnyuarcx, uro no+r nontsyrcx oronoxo nnn yrnm omnountm crnnm xax
ntasnrntntm ccrnom. 3ror ]axr cam no c onxn nam oxasart, uro on cunrar
omnouno crnn, nannm oronoxy, um-ro ocmtcnnntm, noromy uro nt on nar
namnno. Konuno, +ro noncxonr n rax, uro cnom cnyuano cnannym onncxy no+r
ocrannxr sarm cnomy nconaxy n xaucrn oronoxn. n xour nam uro-ro oxcnnrt
oronoxo, n mt onxnt noasmtcnnrt, uro +ro moxr osnauart: xour nn on namxnyrt,
yro nsncrno nnno accxnno nnn ycrano, nnn ro xr nncryn mnrnn. Konuno, n
cnyr nynnnunnart roro, uro no+r ncra ynornxr oronoxy xax nmmmym
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onnnnt cmtcn. crnnrntnocrn ona morna trt ccmtcnnno ncnxnucxo
cnyuanocrtm n rontxo n xan xnx cnyuaxx nmrt cmtcn, no no+r nnan nnart
cmtcn, urot ncnontsonart ro nx cnonx nn. no+romy nac t n ynnnno, cnn t or
no+ra mt ysnann o oronox ontm, um or ]nnonora n ncnxnara.
nm oronoxn mt naxonm n annnmrn (nxxonomnnn, 1- axr, 5- xnnnn).
Maxc nxxonomnnn n ntym cnn cracrno ntcrynar na croon rnora n murar o
narax mna, acxtnmnxcx n nnm, xora on cononoxan out annnmrna n nart.
ro orn n nocnannnx noa Kncrnr n nonnom noymnnn. antm n 5-m xnnnnn
noncxonr cnymm:
Kncrnr
or o uro omno!
(acrounno n nrnnnno.)
mt my n noonom ocnnnnt
osnonnnn yrn, mo yr,
n sonm ro roruac oarno --
rxtrt my rnasa?
xranno
(onomnnnmnct nocn rnyoxoro asymtx)
Mn camomy
rxtn rnasa on mn, um xornoct.
Kncrnr
ro c namn, yr?
xranno
oxnxrax nosxa!
Kncrnr
Kax? ro raxo?
xranno
ocxo! Mn nao
srnxnyrt na +ror snononyunt cn
camomy ynnrt nc. omr.
(Xour ro yncrn.)
Kncrnr
3aum? Kya nt?
xranno
(nc m roonnr ro)
K n!
Kncrnr
K xomy?
xranno
(cnoxnartnaxct)
a x rnory! om!
(no . nanxrnncxoro)
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xranno xorn cxasart "x nmy", rnory, no orononncx n ntan cnonamn "x n"
nnunny, noumy monoo ro murar o mn.
. anx (1910a)1 yxasan na m on noasnrntnt nnm y xcnna n
nnnancxom xynn, n snamnnro cnn ntoa cuacrnnntm nosnmnnntm onoro ns rx
nanon; x, noxany, nyum nonnrnym camoro anxa.
----------------------------------------
1 anx . (14-1939) - onn ns nymnx ncrannrn ncnxoanannsa. nnnxn
nontrxy mon]nnnonart ncxonym xonnnnnm ua, ntnnnyn ncrannnn o "ranm
oxnnx". Vrnxanoct, uro xaxo unonucxo cymcrno craar or camo rnanno
ranmt n cno xnsnn, nancnno my ornnnm or rna marn n momnr oxnnx.
rmxct, xorx n nanacno, noonrt +ry ranmy, unonx ccosnarntno crmnrcx
nosnarnrtcx n marnncxo uno. 3aaua ncnxoanannsa ycmarnnanact n rom, urot
nsannrt nannnra or +ro ranmt. ocn nxorotx xonann u ornr xonnnnnm
anxa.
"sntuano ronxo xyoxcrnnno mornnnonannax n rxnnucxn ncrxm
ncnontsonannax oronoxa, xoroym nnnonr u ns annnmrna, oxastnar, uro
no+rt xoomo snamr mxannsm n cmtcn omnountx crnn n nnonaramr nx nonnmann
n y cnymarnx. nnnancxom xynn xcnna (3- axr, 2-x cnna) mt naxonm romy m
onn nnm. onnx, xoroax no non cnoro orna moxr ntrn samyx rontxo sa roro, xro
ntrxnr cuacrnnnt xn, nnmt naroax cuacrnnno cnyuanocrn nsannxrcx or
nmnntx xnnxon. o xora ona naxonr naxonn accanno, ocronoro nrnnra,
xorot nannrcx, ona onrcx, xax t n on n ntrxnyn ncuacrnnnt xn. xourcx
my cxasart, uro n n +rom cnyua on moxr trt ynn n nmnn, no ona cnxsana anno
orny xnxrno. +ro nnyrnn nocrnnnocrn ona rononr xnannomy xnnxy:
omnnr, nt-na xort nooxnr
t ncxonart; nt cnn omnrct --
norxm nac; rax nornnr.
Mn uro-ro rononr (xort n nmont),
ro n xouy rxrt nac; nam x xcno,
ro nnanncrt n acr noono mtcnn.
o, cnn nam n nc m nonxrno
(Xort nymx nncron mtcnt, um cnono), --
mcxn-na xorna saxart nac,
oxa ncxnr. nac nayunna,
Kax ntart. o rora naymy xnxrny.
r, nn sa uro. rax, nosmoxn nomax.
ora xanrt x yy, uro rxa
conmnna! , noxnxrt nsoam,
Mnx oxononanmnm, asnnnmnm!
n nononnnt y mnx: ona
cx nam nnnanxnr; yrax - nam.
Mn - x cxasart xorna; snaunr, nam x, --
ax nam nc!..
(no . nxnno-Kynnnx)
o+r c ynnnrntntm ncnxonornucxnm nonnxnonnnm sacrannxr onnm n oronox
cxasart ro, na uro ona xorna rontxo namxnyrt, rax xax ona onxna tna cxtnart, uro o
ncxoa ntoa ona ncx ro n ro nmnr, n +rnm ncxycntm nnmom no+r ntnonr nmxmro,
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rax x xax n couyncrnymmro my snrnx, ns cocroxnnx myunrntno nnsncrnocrn,
ycnoxannax nacur ncxoa ntoa".
arnr nnnmann na ro, xax nonxo onnx ntxonr ns cosanmrocx ncncrnn
oronoxn nornnounx, nornxax n xonn xonnon nannntnocrt oronoxn:
Mn - x cxasart xorna; snaunr, nam x, --
ax nam nc!..
ax mtcnnrnt, anxn or mnnnnt, nnora moxr acxtrt cmtcn omnounoro
crnnx onnm cnonm samuannm, nsannn nac or ntcnymnnannx asxcnnn. t nc,
xonuno, snar ocroymnoro carnnxa nxrnra (1742-1799),1 o xoroom Ir cxasan:
"am, r y nro myrxa, moxr cxtnartcx nonma. o nt naroax myrx nnora
marcx nonma". cnonx ocroymntx carnnucxnx samrxax (153) nxrnr nnmr:
"n ncra unran Agamemnon |rammnon| nmcro angenommen |nnnxro|, nacrontxo on
saunrtnancx Iomom". or nacroxmax ronx ounrxn.
----------------------------------------
1 nxrnr I. K. (1742-1799) - onn ns nmnmtx nncarn ua. aor
"croymn n ro ornomnn x ccosnarntnomy" (1905) u asnar mnorn ns ro
a]onsmon.
cnymmn as mt ocynm, nacxontxo mt moxm cornacnrtcx c rouxo snnx no+ron
na omnount crnnx.
KH

()
Vnaxamt amt n rocnoa! nomnt as nam nnmna n ronony mtcnt accmarnnart
omnouno crnn camo no c, sornocnrntno x naymnnomy nm crnnm, xoroo
nnonarann conmnrt; y nac cnoxnnoct nnuarnnn, yro n orntntx cnyuaxx ono
ntar cno cocrnnnt cmtcn, n cnn t +ro nornnnoct m n ontmm uncn cnyuan,
ro +ror cmtcn tn t nx nac nnrcn, um nccnonann ycnonn, nn xorotx nosnnxar
omnouno crnn.
orononmcx m as o rom, uro mt nonnmam no "cmtcnom" (inn) xaxoro-ro
ncnxnucxoro noncca n uro nno, xax namnn, xoroomy on cnyxnr, n ro mcro n xy
yrnx ncnxnucxnx noxnnnn. ontmnncrn namnx nccnonann cnono "cmtcn" mt
moxm samnnrt cnonom "namnn" (Asicht), "rnnnnx" (endenz). naxo n xnnxrcx
nn camoomanom nnn no+rnucxo nontnocrtm c nam croont, uro mt ycmarnnam n
omnounom crnnn namnn?
ym x no-nxnmy sannmartcx oronoxamn n accmornm ontm xonnucrno
nanmnn. Mt ynnnm, uro n nnom x cnyuan namnn, cmtcn oronoxn conmnno
ounnn. 3ro nx ncro r cnyuan, xora rononrcx nornnononoxno romy, uro
namnannct cxasart. snnr n un na orxtrnn sacannx rononr: "xnnxm
sacann saxtrtm". mtcn n namnn ro omnxn n rom, uro on xour saxtrt sacann.
ax n xourcx nonnrnonart: "a nt on cam o +rom rononr"; ocrarcx rontxo nomart ro
na cnon. nosaxar mn, uro +ro nnosmoxno, nt ncarnt, xax mt snam, xorn n
saxtrt, a orxtrt sacann, n on cam nornnr +ro, a ro mnnn xnnxrcx nx nac
ntcm nncrannn. n +rom nt satnar, uro mt ycnonnnnct accmarnnart omnouno
crnn camo no c; o ro ornomnnn x namnnm, xoroo ns-sa nro naymarcx, mt
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ym rononrt nosx. nau nt onycrnr nornucxym omnxy n nocro ycrannr
nonmy, ro, uro n anrnncxom xstx nastnarcx egging the uestion.*
yrnx cnyuaxx, xora nn oronox nxmo n ntcxastnarcx nornnononoxno
yrnxnn, n n nc x ntaxarcx nornnononoxnt cmtcn. " n cxnonn (nmcro
ncnocon) onnnrt sacnyrn cnoro ynaxamoro nmcrnnnnxa". "Geneigt" (cxnonn) n
xnnxrcx nornnononoxntm "geeignet" (cnocon), onaxo +ro xnno nnsnann nornnounr
cnryannn, o xoroo rononr oaro.
cruamrcx cnyuan, xora oronoxa nocro nnannxr x cmtcny namnnx xaxo-ro
nroo cmtcn. ora nnoxnn snyunr rax, xax yro ono ncrannxr coo crxxnn,
coxamnn, crymnn ncxontxnx nnoxnn. axono saxnnnn +nrnuno amt: on
(myx) moxr crt n nnrt nc, uro x saxouy. t ona rm camtm xax t rononr: on moxr
crt n nnrt, uro on xour, no asn on cmr xorrt? mcro nro x xouy. ronoxn uacro
nonsnoxr nnuarnnn raxnx coxamnn. annm, no]cco anaromnn
----------------------------------------
* ncrn nonoc na nr (anrn.). - nm. n.
nocn nxnnn o nocono nonocrn cnamnnar, nc nn tno nonxrno cnymarnxm, n,
nonyunn yrnnrntnt ornr, noonxar: "omnnamct, noromy uro ax n roo c
mnnnnonntm nacnnnm nm, nonnmammnx anaromnm nocono nonocrn, moxno cocunrart
no onomy nantny, nocrnr, no nantnam ono yxn". 3ro coxamnn nmr cno cmtcn:
crt rontxo onn unonx, xorot +ro nonnmar.
anno rynn cnyuan, n xorotx omnount crnnx camn yxastnamr na cno cmtcn,
nornnocroxr yrn, n xorotx oronoxn n nmmr xnnoro cmtcna n xax t nornnouar
namnm nnonoxnnxm. cnn xro-ro nn oronox xonxar nmx cocrnnno nnn
nonsnocnr nynornrntnt nao snyxon, ro yx ns-sa raxnx uacro ncruammnxcx
cnyuan nonoc o ocmtcnnnocrn omnountx crnn xax yro moxr trt mn
ornnarntno. nnmt nn nnxamm accmornnn +rnx nnmon onayxnnarcx, uro n
+rnx cnyuaxx rox nosmoxno nonnmann ncxaxnn, a asnnna mxy +rnmn nxcntmn n
ntmonncanntmn ounnntmn cnyuaxmn n rax yx nnnxa.
noro rocnonna cnocnnn o cocroxnnn soontx ro noman, on ornrnn: a, das drut.
Das dauert vielleicht noch einen Monat |a, +ro nonnrcx, noxrno, m mcxn; no nmcro
cnona "nonnrcx" - dauert - nnauan tno cxasano cranno "drut"|. a nonoc, uro on +rnm
xorn cxasart, on, noyman, ornrnn: Das ist eine traurige Geschichte |3ro nuantnax ncronx|.
s cronxnonnnx cnon "dauert" |ayr| n "traurige" |raynr| nonyunnoct "ayr" (Meringer,
Mayer, 195).
yro accxastnar o noncmcrnnxx, xorot on ocyxar, n noonxar: Dann aer
sind die atsachen zum Vorschwein |]omnan| gekommen. | rora onayxnnnct ]axrt; no
n cnono Vorschein - +nmnr ntaxnnx "onayxnnnct" - ncrannna nnmnxx yxna w|. a
accnoct accxasunx ornrnn, uro on cunrar +rn ]axrt cnnncrnom - chweinerei. na cnona
- Vorschein |]oman| n chweinerei |mnana| - nmcr oasonann cranno "]omnan"
(Mnnr, Ma). cnomnnm cnyua, xora monoo unonx xorn egleitdigen amy. Mt
nmnn cmnocrt asnnrt +ry cnoncnym xoncryxnnm na egleiten |nononrt| n eleidigen
|ocxonrt| n tnn ynnt n raxom ronxonannn, n ryx romy nornxnnx. s anntx
nnmon nam nonxrno, uro n raxn nxcnt cnyuan oronoox moxno oxcnnrt
cronxnonnnm, nnr]nnn nyx asnnuntx namnn1. asnnna cocronr n rom, uro n
nnom cnyua ono namnn nonnocrtm sammarcx (cycrnrynyrcx) yrnm, n rora
nosnnxamr oronoxn c nornnononoxntm cmtcnom, n yrom cnyua namnn rontxo
ncxaxarcx nnn mon]nnnyrcx, rax uro oasymrcx xomnnannn, xorot xaxyrcx on
nnn mn ocmtcnnntmn.
nt mt, xaxrcx, oxcnnnn snaunrntno uncno oronoox. cnn mt ym rno
nnxnnartcx namro noxoa, ro cmoxm nonxrt n yrn tnmn o cnx no
saraountmn oronoxn. annm, nx nn moxno nnonoxnrt, uro nn ncxaxnnn nmn
ncra nmr mcro xonxynnnx mxy nymx noxoxnmn, no asntmn nmnamn. ryno,
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nnoum, yraart n yrym rnnnnm. t ncxaxnn nmnn uacro noncxonr n rontxo n
oronoxax; nmx ntramrcx nonsncrn nnarosnyuno n nncrn n nro uro-ro ynnsnrntno -
+ro xnnxrcx cnoro oa ocxonnnm, xorooro xyntrynt unonx, xorx n n ncra
oxorno,
----------------------------------------
1 3rn nonoxnnx ornocnrntno cronxnonnnx namnn xax asnnuntx mornnannonntx
nxroon nonnnx crannnn naxnym nonmy ncnxonornucxoro xon]nnxra, nonyunnmym n
antnmm asaorxy n ncnxonornn nnunocrn n connantno ncnxonornn (n rom uncn c
nomomtm +xcnnmnrantntx mroon, snaunn xorotx u ornnan).
craarcx nsrart. n m uacro nosnonxr +ro c n xaucrn "myrxn", nana,
nntcoxoro cnocrna. xaucrn nnma nnny ornarnrntno ncxaxnn nmnn
nsnnra uannyscxo cnynnxn yanxa, xoroo n nacroxm nmx nnann n
"nanxa". ryno nnonoxnrt, uro n nn oronox moxr noxnnrtcx namnn
ocxonrt, xax n nn ncxaxnnn nmnn. oont oxcnnnx, nornxammn namn
ncrannnnx, nanamnnamrcx n n cnyua oronoox c xomnucxnm n acyntm +]]xrom.
" nomy ac ortrnyrt (nmcro uoxnyrtcx) sa soont namro m]a". asnnunt
nacro noxnanno naymarcx cnonom, ntstnammnm nnnxrno ncrannnn, n no
nnmy anntx n nacmmnnntx u nryno nnonoxnrt, uro nmnno raxnm oasom
ntasnnoct namnn, nornnouam nynnnunnomy nournnm, uro xornn cxasart
nnmno cnymm: " ntr +romy, nc +ro nctsno, nnnart mn na +roro manoro n r.
n.". o x camo ornocnrcx x rm oronoxam, n xorotx sonnt cnona nnamamrcx n
nnnnnunt, xax, nannm, apopos |no say| nmcro apropos |xcrarn| nnn ischeiweichen
|rnycnax anxa| nmcro iweischeichen |nxonax nnacrnnxa| (Mnnr, Ma). Mt
snam mnornx nm, xorot an yonontcrnnx namnno ncxaxamr sonnt cnona,
nnamax nx n nnnnnunt; +ro cunrarcx ocroymntm, n n crnnrntnocrn uacro
nnxonrcx cnamnnart unonxa, or xorooro cntmnmt noono, nomyrnn nn on
namnno nnn orononncx.
y nor mt s ocooro rya n mnnn saraxy omnountx crnn! nn n xnnxmrcx
cnyuanocrxmn, a ncrannxmr coo ctsnt ncnxnucxn axrt, nmmmn cno cmtcn,
onn nosnnxamr naroax nsanmocrnnm, a nyum cxasart, nornnocrnnm nyx
asnnuntx namnn. rnt mory c ncrannrt, xaxo ra nonocon n comnnn nt
roront na mnx
oymnrt, n x onxn ornrnrt na nnx n asmnrt namn comnnnx, nx um mt
noaymcx nnomy syntrary nam aort. , xonuno, n xouy noranxnnart nac x
nocnmntm ntnoam. anar x nonrnm cnncracrnomy anannsy nc no noxxy,
ono sa yrnm.
um nt xornn t mnx cnocnrt? unram nn x, uro +ro oxcnxr nc cnyuan oronoox
nnn rontxo onnnno nx uncno? Moxno nn raxo oxcnnn nncrn n na mnorn
yrn nnt omnountx crnn: na ounrxn, onncxn, satnann, saxnartnann nm "no
omnx" (VergreiIen),* nx sarnnann n r. .? mmr nn xaxo-ro snaunn nx ncnxnucxo
nnot omnountx crnn ]axrot ycranocrn, nosyxnnx, accxnnocrn, naymnnx
nnnmannx? Moxno, an, samrnrt, uro ns nyx xonxynymmnx namnn ono ncra
noxnnxrcx n omnounom crnnn, yro x n ncra ounnno. ro x noxonmo
cnart, urot ysnart +ro cxtro namnn, n, cnn nnonoxnrt, uro mt oraannct o
nm, xaxn crt oxasarntcrna, uro nama oraxa n rontxo noxrna, no nncrnnno nna?
Moxr trt, y nac crt m nonoct? cnn nr, ro x noonxy. anomnm nam, uro camn no
c omnount crnnx nnrcymr nac nnmt nocrontxy, nocxontxy onn amr nnnt
marnan, xorot nsyuarcx ncnxoanannsom. rcma nosnnxar
----------------------------------------
* no +roro cnona na yccxn xstx ncrannxr snaunrntnt rynocrn. VergreiIen
osnauar yxnantno "omnxa", "omnount saxnar" xaxoro-nno nmra. ount nno
cnona sanncnr or xonrxcra. o+romy n onom cnyua mt nnonm +ro cnono xax
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"saxnartnann (no omnx)", n yrom - xax "crnn no omnx" (n nyrart c "omnountm
crnnm" - Fehlleistung, xoroo xnnxrcx oontm nonxrnm x VergreiIen), n rrtm -
nocro xax "omnxa" (n nyrart co cnonom "Irrtum", xoroo raxx nnonrcx xax
"omnxa"). - nm. . nnoa.
nonoc: uro +ro sa namnnx nnn rnnnnn, xorot mmamr noxnnrtcx yrnm, n
xaxont nsanmoornomnnx mxy nnmn? Mt noonxnm namy aory rontxo nocn mnnx
+ro nonmt.
rax, noxonr nn nam oxcnnn nx ncx cnyuan oronoox? ount cxnonn +romy
nnrt n nmnno noromy, uro xora asnamt xaxt cnyua oronoxn, raxo oxcnnn
naxonrcx. o +ro m n oxastnar, uro nr oronoox yroro xaaxra. ycrt yr rax;
nx nam ronn +ro sasnnuno, rax xax ntnot, xorot mt xornm cnart nx nnnnx
n ncnxoananns, ocranyrcx n cnn ax n rom cnyua, cnn t nammy oxcnnnm
noananoct nnmt nontmo xonnucrno oronoox, uro, nnoum, n rax. a cnymmn
nonoc - moxno nn nonyunnt annt o oronoxax acnocrannrt na yrn nnt
omnountx crnn? - x xorn t saan ornrnrt nonoxnrntno. t camn ynrct n
+rom, xora mt nm x accmornnm nnmon onncox, saxnartnannx "no omnx"
nmron n r. . o no mronucxnm cooaxnnxm x nnaram ornoxnrt +ry aory, noxa
mt ocnonarntn n asmcx c oronoxamn.
onoc o rom, nmmr nn nx nac snaunn ntnnramt yrnmn anroamn na nnt
nnan ]axrot naymnnx xonooamnnx, yromnnnx, nosyxnnx, accxnnocrn n ronx
accrocrna nnnmannx, sacnyxnnar on nnnmarntnoro accmornnx, cnn mt nnsnam
onncannt ntm ncnxnucxn mxannsm oronoxn. 3amrtr, mt n ocnannam +rnx
momnron. cnxoananns noom xo ocnannar ro, uro yrnxamr yrn; xax nannno,
on oannxr uro-ro nono, nana, uacro nonyuarcx rax, uro +ro an n samunno n
nnont oannnno n xnnxrcx xax as cymcrnnntm. amn soronoouno nnsnarcx
nnnxnn na nosnnxnonnnx oronoxn ]nsnonornucxnx ycnonn nrxoro nsoontx,
naymnn xonooamnnx, cocroxnnx ncromnnx, o +rom cnnrntcrnyr nam
noncnnnt nnunt ontr. o xax mano +rnm oxcnxrcx! x ncro, +ro n
oxsarntnt ycnonnx nx omnounoro crnnx. ronoxa nosmoxna nn aconmrnom
soont n n nomantnom cocroxnnn. 3rn comarnucxn ycnonnx moryr rontxo onrunrt n
ycxonrt noxnnnn cnooasnoro ncnxnucxoro mxannsma oronoxn. nx oxcnnnx
+roro ornomnnx x nnnonn xora-ro cannnn, xoroo cuac nonrom sa nnmnnm
nyumro. nonoxnm, uro x ny rmno noutm no snmnomy mcry, na mnx nanaar
ranrnt, ornnmar uact n xomnx. ax xax x n asrnxn nnna ranrnx, ro n nnxamm
nonnncxom yuacrx x saxnnxm: "snmno mcro n rmnora rontxo uro ornxnn y mnx
nnnt nmn". a uro nonnncxn xomncca mn moxr cxasart: "t nanacno
nnxnnarct uncro mxanncrnucxo rouxn snnx. crannm c no nyum rax:
no samnro rmnort n snmnom mcr nnsncrnt ranrnt ornxn y nac nnnt nmn.
amtm naxntm n namm cnyua xnnxrcx, xax mn xaxrcx, ro, urot mt namnn ranrnx.
ora, moxr trt, mt cmoxm saart y nro noxnmnno".
axn ncnxo]nsnonornucxn ycnonnx, xax nosyxnn, accxnnocrt, naymnn
nnnmannx amr ount mano nx oxcnnnx omnountx crnn. 3ro rontxo ]ast, mnmt,
sa xorot mt n onxnt oxrtcx sarnxnyrt. yum cnocnm, um ntsnano +ro nonnnn,
ocoo ornnunn nnnmannx. nnxnn cosnyun, cxocrn cnon n ynornrntntx cnoncntx
acconnann rox cnyr nnsnart naxntmn. nn rox onruamr noxnnnn oronoxn,
yxastnax nyrn, no xorotm ona moxr norn. o cnn no mno nxnr xaxo-ro nyrt,
nmno nn, uro x noy nmnno no nmy? oxonm m xaxo-ro mornn, urot x
mnncx na nro, n, xom roro, cnna, xoroax t mnx nonnrana no +romy nyrn. axnm
oasom, xax coornomnn snyxon n cnon, rax n comarnucxn ycnonnx rontxo cnococrnymr
noxnnnnm oronoxn n n moryr oxcnnrt. oymar, onaxo, o rom oromnom uncn
cnyuan, xora ut n naymarcx ns-sa cxoxcrn snyuannx ynornnnoro cnona c yrnm,
ns-sa nornnononoxnocrn nx snaunn nnn ynornrntnocrn cnoncntx acconnann. Mt
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mornn t cornacnrtcx c ]nnoco]om ynrom n rom, uro oronoxa noxnnxrcx, xora
ncncrnn ]nsnucxoro ncromnnx acconnarnnnt naxnonnocrn naunnamr nonaart na
yrnmn noyxnnxmn n un. +rnm moxno tno t nrxo cornacnrtcx, cnn t +ro n
nornnounno ]axram nosnnxnonnnx oronoxn n cnyuaxx, xora orcyrcrnymr nno
]nsnucxn, nno acconnarnnnt ycnonnx nx noxnnnnx1.
o oconno nnrcntm xaxrcx mn nam cnymmn nonoc - xaxnm oasom moxno
ynrtcx n cymcrnonannn nyx connnuammnx namnn? t n n noosnar, x xaxnm
ctsntm ntnoam nr nac +ror nonoc. nana nn, ono ns nyx namnn, a nmnno
naymnno (gestnrte), otuno n ntst-
----------------------------------------
1 ornnax ycranonnnntx +xcnnmnrantno ncnxonorn sanncnmocr
nonnucxnx axron or acconnann (r. . cnxsn ncnxnucxnx xnnnn, nosnnxm naroax
nx cmxnocrn n nocrancrn n nmnn), or nanannnnocrn n cocorounnocrn nnnmannx,
a raxx or nosmoxnoro nnnxnnx ncnxo]nsnonornucxoro cocroxnnx cyxra n annt
momnr, u cunran nc +rn ]axrt nnmt "nonxnocrntmn" cnmnromamn, sa xorotmn
cxtro momno crnn antntx mornnannonntx ]axroon. mnno nocnnn cnyxar ro
cnno, xoroax nnar acconnannxm, nnnmannm n yrnm ]nomnam cosnannx n nonnnx
onnnnym nanannnnocrt.
nar comnnn: unonx, conmnnmn omnouno crnn, snar o nm n nnsnar ro.
omnnnx n asmtmnnnx ntstnar nroo, naymamm (stnrende) namnn. Mt yx
cntmann, a nt, xonuno, n satnn, uro n x cnyuan +ro namnn rox ocrarouno xcno
ntaxno. no onayxnnarcx n +]]xr oronoxn, cnn rontxo nsxrt na cx cmnocrt
cunrart +ror +]]xr oxasarntcrnom. snnr, xorot onycxar oronoxy c oarntm
cmtcnom, xonuno, xour orxtrt sacann, no n mn xcno, uro on xour ro n saxtrt.
3ro nacrontxo ounnno, uro ryr n ronxonart nuro. xax oraartcx o naymammm
namnnn no ncxaxnnm n rx cnyuaxx, xora naymamm namnn rontxo ncxaxar
nnonauantno, n ntaxax cx nonnocrtm?
nnom x cnyuan +ro rouno rax x nocro n narcx raxnm x oasom, xax n nn
onnnnn naymnnoro namnnx. nm coomar cam onycrnnmn oronoxy, on casy
moxr noccranonnrt ro, uro namnancx cxasart nnonauantno: "Das draut, nein, das dauert
vielleicht noch einen Monat" |3ro ayr, nr, +ro nonnrcx, noxrno, m mcxn|.
cxaxamm namnn on ryr x ntasnn, xora ro cnocnnn, uro on xorn cxasart cnonom
"ayr": "Das ist eine traurige Geschichte |3ro nuantnax ncronx|. o nroom cnyua, nn
oronox "Vorschwein", on casy x nornxar, uro xorn cnauana cxasart: "Das ist
chweinerei" |3ro cnnncrno|, no cxancx n ntasnncx no-yromy. cxaxamm namnn
sct rax x nrxo ycranonnrt, xax n ncxaxnno. namnno ocranonnncx sct na raxnx
nnmax, xorot nnnonn n ronxonan n x nnn xro-nnyt ns monx nocnonarn.
naxo n oonx +rnx nnmax nx mnnx nonmt nyxn tn onn nontmo nnm.
ao tno cnocnrt rononnmro, noumy on cnan nmnno raxym oronoxy n uro on moxr
o n cxasart. nornnnom cnyua, n xnax oxcnxrt, on nomn t mnmo n. a
nocrannnnt x nonoc on an nno nnmm my n ronony oxcnnn. rnt nt
nnnr, uro +ror nnm n ro syntrar n crt ncnxoananns n oasn nmoro
ncnxoanannrnucxoro nccnonannx, xorotm mt sammcx nnocncrnnn.
cnnmxom nn x nonunn, nonarax, uro n ror camt momnr, xora y nac rontxo
cxnatnarcx ncrannnn o ncnxoananns, nornn nro x nonnmarcx n norcr?
nosnnxar nn y nac xnannx nosasnrt mn, uro cnnnx, nonyunnt or unonxa,
onycrnnmro oronoxy, n nnonn oxasarntnt? rnuax na nonoct, on, xonuno,
craancx, nonarar nt, oxcnnrt cnom oronoxy, nor n cxasan nno, uro nnmno my n
ronony n noxasanoct xort cxont-nnyt nnrontm nx oxcnnnx. o +ro m n
oxasarntcrno roro, uro oronoxa nosnnxna nmnno raxnm oasom. Konuno, morno trt n
rax, no c raxnm x ycnxom n nnau. my n ronony morno nnrn n yro oxcnnn, raxo
x noxoxm, a moxr trt, ax nyum.
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Vnnnrntno, xax mano y nac, n cymnocrn, ynaxnnx x ncnxnucxomy ]axry! crantr
c, uro xro-ro nonsnn xnmnucxn ananns nmcrna n onayxnn n ro cocran yro,
ncom n crontxo-ro mnnnnrammon. annt nc ar nosmoxnocrt cnart onnnnt
ntnot. rnt ncrantr, uro xaxomy-ro xnmnxy nnmno n ronony ycomnnrtcx n +rnx
ntnoax, mornnnyx +ro rm, uro ntnnno nmcrno morno nmrt n yro nc. Kaxt
cunrarcx c ]axrom, uro nc nmnno raxo, a n yro, n ynnno cronr na +rom
antnmn ntnot. cnn x nannno ncnxnucxn ]axr, xora unonxy nnxonr n ronony
onnnnax mtcnt, nt c +rnm noumy-ro n cunrarct n rononr, uro my morna nnrn n
ronony n yrax mtcnt! V nac crt nnnmsnx nnuno ncnxnucxo cnoot, n nt n xornr or
n orxasartcx. Mn ount xant, no n +rom x camtm ctsntm oasom acxoxyct c namn no
mnnnxx.
nt nt n cranr ontm nosaxart, no rontxo o rx no, noxa n nar yroro
nornnounx. t noonxnr: mt nonnmam, uro oconnocrt rxnnxn ncnxoanannsa
cocronr n rom, urot sacrannrt unonxa camoro mnrt cnon nonmt. ostmm yro
nnm: oaro nnrnamar coanmnxcx uoxnyrtcx (ortrnyrt) sa soont m]a. o
namnm cnonam, naymamm namnn n +rom cnyua - ynnsnrt, ono n n ar oaroy
ntasnrt nournn. o +ro ncro nnmt nam ronxonann, ocnonanno na nanmnnxx sa
nnamn oronoxn. cnn mt n +rom cnyua ym accnamnnart orononnmrocx, on n
nornnr, uro namnancx nancrn ocxonnn, on roro, on yr +nrnuno +ro
ornnart. oumy x mt nc x n orxastnamcx or namro noxasymoro ronxonannx n
nocn raxoro urxoro nosaxnnx?
a, na +ror as nt namnn ctsnt arymnr. ncrannxm c nsnaxomoro oaroa,
nosmoxno, accncrnra roro m]a, a nosmoxno, yx nnnar-onnra, monooro unonxa c
ncrxmnm yymnm. nacrounno crany ro ntcnamnnart, n uyncrnonan nn on nn
ucrnonannn m]a nornnononoxnoro namnnx? o nor x n nonancx. nnn ro
ncromarcx, n on nyr naactnarcx na mnx: "Konuar nt cnon accnoct, nnau x n
noyuyct sa cx. nonmn noosnnxmn nt nornr mn ncm xaty. nocro orononncx,
cxasan auIstoen nmcro anstoen, noromy uro n +rom nnoxnnn yx na asa ynornn
"auI". V Mnnra raxax oronoxa nastnarcx orsnyxom, n nuro ryr ronxonart nxnnt n
nxoct. t mnx nonxnn? Xnarnr". Im, xaxax ynnnrntnax axnnx; nctma +nrnuno
ornnann. monotm unonxom nnuro n nonamt, no x no cx ymam, uro ro ntar
cnntnax nnunax sannrconannocrt n rom, urot ro omnounomy crnnm n
nnanann cmtcna. Moxr trt, n nam noxaxrcx, uro nnannntno c ro croont ncrn cx
rax ryo no nmx uncro rornucxoro ocnonannx, no, n xonn xonnon, noymar nt,
on cam onxn snart, uro on xorn cxasart, a uro nr. onxn nn? oxany, +ro m nonoc.
y, rnt nt rouno cunrar, uro x y nac n yxax. ax nor xaxona nama rxnnxa
nccnonannx, x cntmy, rononr nt. cnn cnanmn oronoxy rononr o n ro, uro nam
noxonr, ro nt ocrannxr sa nnm nano nocnn mamm nncrannnn. "n nt cam +ro
cxasan!" cnn x ro, uro on rononr, nam n ronrcx, nt ryr x saxnnxr: nuro c nnm
cunrartcx, my nntsx nnrt.
c +ro rax. mory nnncrn nam ananornunt cnyua, r no ocronr cront x
nnoxrno. cnn onnnxmt nnsnarcx cyt n cnom nocrynx, cytx nnr ro
nnsnannm; no cnn onnnxmt ornnar cnom nnny, cytx n nnr my. cnn t tno no-
yromy, ro n tno t nanocynx, a nt nt nnsnar +ry cncrmy, ncmorx na
nmmmncx n n nocrarxn.
a, no asn nt cytx, a cnanmn oronoxy nocynmt? asn oronoxa -
ncrynnnn?
Moxr trt, n n cnyr orxastnartcx or +roro cannnnx. o nocmornr rontxo, x
xaxnm ctsntm asnornacnxm mt nnmnn, yrnynnmnct n raxym, xasanoct t, nnnnnym
nonmy, xax omnount crnnx. oxa mt m n n cocroxnnn crnanrt nc +rn
nornnounx. nc-raxn nnaram nmnno coxannrt cannnn c cyt n nocynmtm.
ornacnrct, uro cmtcn omnounoro crnnx n ntstnar comnnnx, cnn anannsnymt
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cam nnsnar ro. 3aro n x onxn cornacnrtcx c namn, uro nntsx ncrannrt nxmoro
oxasarntcrna nnonaramoro cmtcna omnounoro crnnx, cnn anannsnymt
orxastnarcx coomnrt xaxn-nno cnnnx nnn x on nocro orcyrcrnyr. raxnx cnyuaxx
rax x, xax n n cyononsnocrn, nnramr x xocnnntm ynnxam, xorot nosnonxmr
cnart on nnn mn noxrno saxnmunn. a ocnonannn xocnnntx ynnx cy nnora
nnsnar nocynmoro nnnonntm. V nac nr raxo noxonmocrn, no n nam n cnyr
orxastnartcx or ncnontsonannx raxnx ynnx. tno t omnxo nnonarart, uro nayxa
cocronr rontxo ns croro oxasanntx nonoxnn, a n nnannntno or n +roro ronart.
axn ronannx x nayx moxr nxnnxrt rontxo ror, xro nmr anronrron n omymar
nornocrt samnnrt cno nnrnosnt xarxnsnc na yro, xorx t n nayunt. ayxa
nacunrtnar n cnom xarxnsnc mano anonxrnucxnx nonoxnn, n n ontm
yrnxnn, nmmmnx onnnnym crnnt noxrnocrn. nsnaxom nayunoro mtmnnnx
xax as n xnnxrcx cnoconocrt onontcrnonartcx nnmt nnnnxnnm x ncrnn n
noonxart rnoucxym aory, ncmorx na orcyrcrnn oxonuarntntx nornxnn.
a uro x nam onrtcx n cnom ronxonannn, r narn xocnnnt ynnxn, cnn
noxasannx anannsnymoro n acxtnamr cmtcna omnounoro crnnx? asntx mcrax.
nauana ym ncxonrt ns ananornn c xnnnnxmn, n cnxsanntmn c omnountmn
crnnxmn, nannm, xora mt yrnxam, uro ncxaxnn nmn nn oronox nmr ror
x ynnxammn cmtcn, xax n nn namnnom xonxann nmnn. an mt ym ncxonrt
ns ncnxnucxo cnryannn, n xoroo conmarcx omnouno crnn, ns snannx xaaxra
unonxa, conmnnmro omnouno crnn, ns rx nnuarnnn, xorot on nonyunn o
omnounoro crnnx, nosmoxno, uro nmnno na nnx on n arnonan +rnm omnountm
crnnm. tuno mt ronxym omnouno crnn, ncxox ns omnx cooaxnn,
n ntcxastnam cnauana rontxo nnonoxnn, rnnorsy nx ronxonannx, a sarm,
nccnyx ncnxnucxym cnryannm onycrnnmro omnxy, naxonm my nornxnn.
nora nnxonrcx xart cotrn, xax t ncxasanntx omnountm crnnm, urot
narn nornxnn nammy nnonoxnnm.
cnn x orannuyct ono rontxo onacrtm oronoox, x na nn cymm cront x nrxo
narn nyxnt oxasarntcrna, xorx n sct crt orntnt nnuarnxmmn nnmt.
Monoo unonx, xorot xorn t egleitdigen amy, nannxxa oxn; amy, myx
xoroo cr n ntr ro, uro ona xour, x snam xax ony ns rx +nrnuntx xnmnn, xorot
ymmr xomanonart ncm n om. nn nostmm raxo nnm: na omm coannn
"Konxonn" monoo unn +roro omcrna nonsnocnr roxuym onnosnnnonnym ut, no
nmx xoroo on oamarcx x unnam nannnnx, nastnax nx "VorscAssmitglieder" |unnt
ccyt|, cnonom, xoroo moxr nonyunrtcx ns cnnxnnx cnon Vorstand |nannnn| n Ausschu
|xomnccnx|. Mt nnonaram, uro y nro nosnnxno naymamm namnn,
nornnouam ro onnosnnnonntm ntcxastnannxm n xoroo morno trt cnxsano co
ccyo. crnnrntno, ncxo mt ysnam, uro oaro nocroxnno nyxancx n ntrax n
nsaonro o roro noan nomnn o ccy. aymamm namnn crnnrntno morno
ntasnrtcx n raxo mtcnn: cxnct n cno onnosnnnn, +ro nt nmn, xorot asmar
r ntauy ccyt.
cmory nnncrn nam nnt x raxnx ynnuammnx oxasarntcrn, xora ny x
yrnm omnountm crnnxm.
cnn xro-ro satnar xoomo nsncrno my nmx n c ryom ro sanomnnar, ro moxno
nnonoxnrt, uro nornn nocnrnx +roro nmnn on uro-ro nmr n n xour o nm ymart.
accmornm ncnxnucxym cnryannm,
n xoroo noncxonr +ro omnouno crnn. "Iocnonn V tn snaxno nnmnn n
amy, xoroax ncxo ntxonr samyx sa rocnonna X. Xorx rocnonn V anno snar
rocnonna X n ax nmr c nnm nont cnxsn, on nc nmx satnar ro ]amnnnm n
ncxxn as, xora onxn nncart my no ny, cnannxrcx o ro ]amnnnn y yrnx".*
unnno, rocnonn V n xour nnuro snart o cuacrnnnom connnx. " ymart o nm n
xouy".
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nn yro nnm: ama cnannxrcx y naua o soont om snaxomo, nastnax no
nnut ]amnnnn. ]amnnnm no myxy ona satna. 3arm ona nnsnarcx, uro ount
nonontna +rnm samyxcrnom n n ntnocnr myxa cno noyrn.**
Mt m nnmcx x satnannm nmn n ocynm +ro c asntx croon, cuac x nac
nnrcyr nnmymcrnnno ncnxnucxax cnryannx, n xoroo noncxonr satnann.
3atnann namnn n omm moxno oxcnnrt noroxom nornnononoxntx namnn,
xorot n nosnonxmr ntnonnnrt nnonauantno namnn. ax ymam n rontxo mt,
sannmammncx ncnxoanannsom, +ro omnnnxro mnnn nm, xorot nnxnnamrcx
ro n xnsnn, no noumy-ro ornnamr n ronn. oxonnrnt, nsnnnxmmncx n
nocnrnm sa ro, uro satn ntnonnnrt ro nocty, na nn yr onanan n ro rnasax.
ocnrnt casy x noymar: my nt conmnno nc anno; xorx on oman, on nnuro n
cnan. n xnsnn satnann rox cunrarcx n nsncrnom ornomnnn nocynrntntm,
asnnun mxy xnrcxo n ncnxoanannrnucxo rouxo snnx na +rn omnount
crnnx, no-nnnmomy, nr. crantr c xosxxy, xoroax ncruar rocrx cnona-
----------------------------------------
* o K. I. nry (1907, 52).
** o . . nnny (1912, 191).
mn: "Kax, nt nnmnn cronx? x n satna, uro nnrnacnna nac na cronx". nn
monooro unonxa, xorot nnsnancx t nosnmnnno, uro on satn o nasnaunnom
cnnannn. Konuno, on n +rom n nnsnarcx, a cxo nnymar camt nnoxrnt
ocroxrntcrna, xorot n nosnonnnn my nnrn na cnnann n ax n ann nosmoxnocrn
nynnrt o +rom. a nonno cnyx, xax nc snamr n cunramr cnannnntm,
satunnocrt n xnnxrcx onanannm n n ocnooxar or naxasannx. 3ct noumy-ro nc
cornacnt, uro onnnno omnouno crnn nmr cmtcn, nnum nc snamr xaxo.
oumy x nntsx trt o xonna nocnonarntntm n n nnsnart, uro n x yrnm
omnountm crnnxm onxno trt raxo x ornomnn? anamnnarcx crcrnnnt
ornr.
cnn cmtcn +roro satnannx namnn cront ounnn ax nx ncnnnanncra, ro nt
n yr ynnnxrtcx romy, uro n nncarnn ncnontsymr +ro omnouno crnn n rom x
cmtcn. Kro ns nac unran nnn nnn ntcy . oy Hsat n Knonara, ror nomnnr, uro n
nocnn cnn n orsom Hsax ncnyr mtcnt, yro on namnancx uro-ro
cnart, o um rnt satn. xonn xonnon oxastnarcx, uro on satn nonomartcx c
Knonaro. 3ro manntxo cnno nncarnt xour nnnncart nnnxomy Hsam
nnmymcrno, xorotm on n onaan n x xoroomy concm n crmnncx. s ncronucxnx
ncrounnxon nt moxr ysnart, uro Hsat sacrannn Knonary nocnonart sa nnm n nm, n
ona xnna ram c manntxnm Hsanonom, noxa Hsat n tn ynr, nocn uro nnmnoct
xart ns rooa.
nyuan satnannx namnn n omm nacrontxo xcnt, uro mano noxoxr nx nam
nnn nonyunrt xocnnnt ynnxn nx oxcnnnx cmtcna omnounoro crnnx ns
ncnxnucxo cnryannn. o+romy oarnmcx x oconno mnorosnauntm n manononxrntm
omnountm crnnxm - x sarnnannm n sanxrtnannm nm. am, xonuno, noxaxrcx
nnoxrntm, uro n sarnnannn, xoroo mt uacro nocnnnnmam xax ocanym
cnyuanocrt, yuacrnyr xaxo-ro nam namnn. o moxno nnncrn mnoxcrno
nanmnn no cnymmro. Monoo unonx norxn ooro nx nro xaanam. 3a
nt o +roro on nonyunn nnctmo or mynna, xoroo saxanunnanoct cnonamn: "V mnx nr
xnannx nornocrnonart rnomy nrxomtcnnm n nnn".* Kaanam tn noaxom +roro
mynna. s raxoro connannx mt, xonuno, n mornn t yrnxart, uro n sarnnannn
xaanama yuacrnyr namnn nsannrtcx or nmn. nanornunt cnyuan ount uacrt.
3arnnamrcx nmrt, xora nocconmtcx c rm, xro nx an n o xom nnnxrno ncnomnnart,
nnn xora camn nmn ncramr nannrtcx n nmmt nnora samnnrt nx yrnmn,
nyumnmn. oxnnnnm raxoro x namnnx no ornomnnm x nmry ntcrynar n ro, uro
ro onxmr, asnnamr, nomamr. Moxno nn cunrart cnyuanocrtm, uro xax as naxanyn
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cnoro nx oxnnx mxontnnx rxr, nornr, nomar nyxnt my nmn, nannm ann
nnn xamannt uact?
or, xro nxnn mnoro nnnxrnoro ns-sa roro, uro n mor narn nmt, xoroym cam x
xya-ro sanoxnn, nx nn nonnr, uro on cnan +ro namnno. nc-raxn nxn cnyuan,
xora ocroxrntcrna, cononoxammn sanxrtnann, cnnrntcrnymr o namnnn
nsannrtcx or nmra na xoorxo nnn onro nmx. or nyumn nnm raxoro oa.
Monoo unonx accxastnar mn: "cxontxo nr romy nasa y mnx tnn cmnt
nyxnnt, x cunran cnom xny cnnmxom xonono, n, xorx x nnsnanan nxacnt
xaucrna, mt xnnn s nxntx uyncrn yr x yry. naxt ona noanna mn xnn-
----------------------------------------
* o . arrny.
ry, xoroym xynnna no nmx norynxn n cunrana nnrcno nx mnx. nonaroann
sa sror snax "nnnmannx", oman noucrt xnnry, cnxran n n mor norom narn. ax
nomnn mcxnt, nnora x ncnomnnan o ncusnynm xnnr n nanacno ntrancx narn .
onroa cnycrx saonna mox nmnmax mart, xoroax xnna orntno or nac. Mox xna
yxana, urot yxaxnnart sa cnxontm. ocroxnn ontno tno rxxno, xna noxasana
cx c camo nyum croont. naxt nuom, oxnaunnt naroantmn uyncrnamn x
xn, x nnyncx omo, orxtn s onnnnoro namnnx, no xax t c
comnamynnucxo ynnnocrtm onnnnt xmnx nnctmnnoro crona n cnxy namn
anno ncusnynmym sanxrannym xnnry". cusna nnunna, n nonaxa namnact.
Vnaxamt amt n rocnoa! mor t noonxnrt +ror x nnmon. o x n yy
+roro nart. mo xnnr "cnxonaronornx otnno xnsnn" (nnnt ntmna n 1901 r.)
nt nar orart marnan nx nsyunnx omnountx crnn.* c +rn nnmt
cnnrntcrnymr o onom, a nmnno o rom, uro omnount crnnx nmmr cno cmtcn, n
noxastnamr, xax +ror cmtcn moxno ysnart nnn nornnrt no conyrcrnymmnm
ocroxrntcrnam. ronx x yy xarox, nocxontxy mt onxnt nn nsyunnn +rnx xnnnn
nonyunrt noxonmt cnnnx nx nororonxn x ncnxoanannsy. namn ocranonnrtcx
rontxo na nyx rynnax omnountx crnn, nonroxmmnxcx n xomnnnonanntx, n na
nornxnnn namro ronxonannx nocnymmnmn cotrnxmn.
onroxmmncx n xomnnnonannt omnount crnnx xnnxmrcx cnoro oa
nmnno +roro nna crnn. cnn t nam nnmnoct oxastnart, uro
----------------------------------------
* axx n counnnnxx . Ma (1906-190), . . nnna (1912), 3. xonca (1911), .
rn (1916) n .
omnount crnnx nmmr cmtcn, mt t nmnno nmn n orannunnnct, rax xax nx
cmtcn ounnn ax orannunnomy ymy n camomy nnnunnomy xnrnxy. onroxmocrt
noxnnnn onayxnnar ycrounnocrt, xoroym nourn nnxora nntsx nnnncart
cnyuanocrn, no moxno oxcnnrt nnamnnocrtm. axonn, samna orntntx nnon
omnountx crnn yr yrom cnnrntcrnyr o rom, uro camtm naxntm n
cymcrnnntm n omnounom crnnn xnnxrcx n ]oma nnn ccrna, xorotmn ono
nontsyrcx, a namnn, xoroomy ono cnyxnr n xoroo onxno trt annsonano camtmn
asnnuntmn nyrxmn. Xouy nnncrn nam nnm nonroxmmrocx satnannx. 3. xonc
(1911, 43) accxastnar, uro onaxt no nnsncrntm nnunnam n runn ncxontxnx n
on satnan nnctmo na nnctmnnom cron. axonn mnncx ro ornannrt, no nonyunn or
"Dead letter oIIice" oarno, rax xax satn nanncart ac. anncan ac, on nnnc nnctmo
na noury, no oxasanoct, uro satn naxnnrt maxy. yr yx on tn ntnyxn nnsnart, uro
noom n xorn ornannxrt +ro nnctmo.
yrom cnyua saxnartnann nm "no omnx" (VergreiIen) xomnnnyrcx c
sanxrtnannm. na ama conmar co cnonm mynnom, nsncrntm arncrom, nyrmcrnn
n nm. my oxastnarcx camt roxcrnnnt nnm xnnymnmn n nm nmnamn, n cn
nouro on nonyuar n noaox sonorym anrnunym mant. ama tna sara rm, uro mynn
n moxr onnnrt nxacnym nmt no ocronncrny. ocn roro xax cmnnna ccra n ona
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nnynact omo, acnaxontnax nmn, ona onayxnna, uro nsxna mant c coo, cama n
snax xax. na ryr x nanncana o +rom mynny n sannna ro, uro na cnymmn x nt
ornannr nuaxnno nonanmym x n mant n nm. o na cnymmn nt mant tna xya-
ro rax sanxrana, uro nntsx tno narn n ornannrt, n rora
ama nauana oratnartcx, uro snaunr "accxnnocrt", - nocro xornoct ocrannrt
mant y cx.*
yx nnnonn nam nnm xomnnannn satnannx c omnxo (Irrtum), xora xro-ro
cnauana satnar o cnnannn, a norom c rntm namnnm n satrt o nm xnnxrcx n x
ycnonnnnomy uacy, a n yro nmx. onmnno ananornunt cnyua ns cocrnnno
xnsnn accxastnan mn mo yr, xorot sannmancx n rontxo nayxo, no n nnraryo.
"cxontxo nr romy nasa x cornacnncx ncrynnrt n xomnccnm onoro nnrarynoro
omcrna, nnonarax, uro ono nomoxr mn nocrannrt mom amy. Kaxym nxrnnny x
noxnnxncx na sacannn, xorx n s ocooro nnrca. cxontxo mcxnn romy nasa x
nonyunn ynomnnn o nocranonx mo ntct n rar n u. n c rx no x nocroxnno
satnam o sacannxx +roro omcrna. Kora x nounran amy xnnry o +rnx xnnnnxx, mn
crano crtno mo satnunnocrn, x ynxan cx, uro +ro nonocrt - n xnnxrtcx na
sacannx nocn roro, xax nmn ncrann trt nyxnt, n mnn nn n xom cnyua n satrt
no nnxamym nxrnnny. nc nmx nanomnnan c o +rom namnnn, noxa, naxonn, n
ntnonnnn ro n n ouyrnncx n ntm sana sacann. o, x momy ynnnnnm, ona
oxasanact saxtro, a sacann sanmnntm, noromy uro x omncx n n: tna yx
cyora!"
ctma conasnnrntno conart noont nanmnnx, no nyxno nrn antm. xouy
noxasart nam nnmt, n xorotx nam ronxonann nornxarcx n yymm.
cnonno xaaxrno oconnocrtm +rnx cnyuan xnnxrcx ro, uro nacroxmax
ncnxnucxax cnryannx nam nnsncrna nnn nocrynna nammy anannsy. ora nam
ronxonann nnorar xaaxr rontxo n-
----------------------------------------
* o . rny.
nonoxnnx, xoroomy mt n camn n xornm nnanart ontmoro snaunnx. o nosn
noncxoxr cotrnx, noxastnammn, nacxontxo cnannnno tno nam nnonauantno
ronxonann. Kax-ro as x tn n rocrxx y nonoauntx n cntman, xax monoax xna co cmxom
accxastnana o nanno noncmmm c n cnyua: na cnymmn nt nocn nosnamnnx
ns cnanoro nyrmcrnnx ona nnrnacnna cnom nsamyxnmm ccry, urot norn c n,
xax n antm, sa noxynxamn, n ro nmx xax myx ymn no cnonm nam. yr na yro
croon ynnnt ona samuar myxunny n, noranxnnax ccry, rononr: "morn, non nr
rocnonn .". na satna, uro +ror rocnonn yx ncxontxo nnt tn myxm. Mn crano
n no c or raxoro accxasa, no x n mnncx cnart onxnt ntno. ncnomnnn +ror
manntxn +nnso cnycrx rot, nocn roro xax +ror ax saxonunncx camtm nuantntm
oasom.
. M accxastnar o ono am, xoroax sa nt o cnatt satna nomnrt
cnano nnart n, x yxacy cno moncrxn, ncnomnnna o +rom rontxo nosno nuom. n
nnnonr +ror nnm satnannx n cnxsn c rm, uro ncxo nocn +roro ona asnnact co
cnonm myxm. snam ony rnt yx asnnnym amy, xoroax, ynannxx cnonm
cocroxnnm, uacro nonnctnana oxymnrt cno nnut ]amnnn sa ncxontxo nr o
roro, xax ona crnnrntno nnnxna. snam yrnx xnmnn, norxnmnx oyuantno
xontno no nmx cnanoro nyrmcrnnx, n snam raxx, uro nx cynyxcxax xnsnt nnana
+ro cnyuanocrn cno cmtcn. nor xxn nnm c on nnxrntm ncxoom. onom
nsncrnom nmnxom xnmnx accxastnamr, uro ro ax n cocroxncx noromy, uro on satn o
uac nnuannx n nmcro nxnn nomn n naoaronm. n tn rax ymn, uro orannunncx
+ro ono nontrxo n ym xonocrxxom n rnyoxo craocrn.
Moxr trt, nam rox nnmno n ronony, uro n +rnx nnmax omnount crnnx
nramr ont xaxoro-ro snaxa nnn nsnamnonannx nnnx. crnnrntno, uacrt +rnx
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snaxon tna n um nntm, xax omnountm crnnm, xora, nannm, xro-ro cnortxancx
nnn naan. yrax x uacrt nocnna xaaxr oxrnnnoro cotrnx, a n cyxrnnnoro
xnnx. o nt n nonnr, xax ryno nnora n xaxom xonxrnom cnyua onnnrt, x
xaxo rynn ro orncrn. xnn rax uacro ymr macxnonartcx no naccnnno
nxnnann.
Kaxt ns nac, ornxtnaxct na onrn xnsnnnt nyrt, moxr, noxrno, cxasart, uro
on nsxan t mnornx asouaonann n onsnnntx norxcnn, cnn t namn n c
cmnocrt ronxonart mnxn omnount crnnx n omnnn c nmtmn xax nsnamnonann
n onnnnart nx xax snax m cxtrtx namnn. am ncro na +ro n ornaxnnamrcx:
nosnnxar nnuarnnn, uro cnona cranonnmtcx cynntm - rnt yx oxontntm nyrm,
us nayxy. o nt n nc nsnamnonannx ctnamrcx, a ns nam ronn nt nomr,
uro n nc onn n onxnt ctnartcx.
KH

(K)
Vnaxamt amt n rocnoa! syntrar namnx nomntx c mt nnmnn x ntnoy,
uro omnount crnnx nmmr cmtcn - +ro mt n nostmm sa ocnony namnx antnmnx
nccnonann. nyr m as nouxnyrt, uro mt n yrnxam - a n nx namnx nn
nr n +rom nnxaxo noxonmocrn, - uro nmo omnouno crnn nmr cmtcn, xorx +ro
xaxrcx mn nctma noxrntm. am ocrarouno roro, uro raxo cmtcn onayxnnarcx
ornocnrntno uacro n asnnuntx ]omax omnountx crnn. +rom ornomnnn +rn
asnnunt ]omt nnonaramr n asnnunt oxcnnnx: nn oronox, onncx n r. . moryr
ncruartcx cnyuan uncro ]nsnonornucxoro xaaxra, n cnyuaxx x satnannx nmn,
namnn, sanxrtnannx nmron n r. . x na nn cornamyct c raxnm oxcnnnm.
3arnnann, no nc noxrnocrn, moxr nonsorn n nuaxnno. cruammncx n xnsnn
omnxn (Irrttmer) noom rontxo oruacrn nonxar nammy accmornnm. c +ro cnyr
nmrt n nny raxx n n rom cnyua, xora mt ncxonm ns nonoxnnx, uro omnount
crnnx xnnxmrcx ncnxnucxnmn axramn n nosnnxamr ncncrnn nnr]nnnn nyx
asnnuntx namnn.
axon nnt syntrar ncnxoanannsa. cymcrnonannn raxnx nnr]nnnn n o nx
nosmoxntx cncrnnxx, onncanntx ntm, ncnxonornx o cnx no n snana. Mt snaunrntno
acmnnnn mn ncnxnucxnx xnnnn n nxnmunnn n onacrt accmornnx ncnxonornn
]nomnt, xorotmn ona antm n sannmanact.
cranonnmcx rnt xarxo na yrnxnnn, uro omnount crnnx xnnxmrcx
"ncnxnucxnmn axramn". nnxrcx nn ono on coxarntntm, um nno nam
nonoxnn, uro onn nmmr cmtcn? ymam, nr; +ro nroo nonoxnn m on
nonnnno n moxr nnncrn x noasymnnxm. nora nc, uro moxno nanmart n
ymnno xnsnn, nastnamr ncnxnucxnm ]nomnom. axno ntxcnnrt, ntsnano nn
orntno ncnxnucxo xnnnn nnoccrnnno ]nsnucxnmn, orannucxnmn,
marnantntmn noscrnnxmn, n rora ono n ornocnrcx x onacrn ncnxonornn, nnn ono
oycnonnno nx ncro yrnmn ncnxnucxnmn nonccamn, sa xorotmn cxtnarcx, n
cnom out, x orannucxnx nnunn. mnno n +rom nocnnm cmtcn mt n nonnmam
xnnnn, nastnax ro ncnxnucxnm nonccom, no+romy nncooasn ntaxartcx rax:
xnnnn nmr coxann, cmtcn. o cmtcnom mt nonnmam snaunn, namnn,
rnnnnm n mcro n xy ncnxnucxnx cnxs.
crt nnt x yrnx xnnnn, ount nnsxnx x omnountm crnnxm, x xorotm +ro
nasnann, onaxo, yx n noxonr. Mt nastnam nx cnyuantmn n cnmnromarnucxnmn
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crnnxmn |ZuIalls- und ymptomhandlungen|. nn rox nocxr xaaxr n rontxo
nmornnnonanntx, nsamrntx n nsnaunrntntx, no n nsnnmnnx crnn. r omnountx
crnn nx ornnuar orcyrcrnn nrooro namnnx, c xorotm cranxnnanoct t nno n
naroax xoroomy ono t naymanoct. yro croont, +rn crnnx nrxo nxoxr n
xcrt n nnxnnx, xorot, no nammy mnnnm, ntaxamr +monnn. K +rnm cnyuantm
crnnxm ornocxrcx nc xaxymncx cnntntmn, ntnonnxmt xax t nrax mannnynxnnn
c oxo, uacrxmn rna, nmramn, xorot mt ro m, ro ocrannxm, a raxx mnonn,
xorot mt nannam no cx. yxn, uro nc +rn xnnnnx nonnt cmtcna n nx moxno
ronxonart rax x, xax n omnount crnnx, uro onn xnnxmrcx nxorotm snaxom yrnx,
on naxntx ymnntx nonccon n camn ornocxrcx x nonnonnntm ncnxnucxnm axram. o
x n conamct ocranannnnartcx na +ro nono onacrn ncnxnucxnx xnnnn, a nnyct x
omnountm crnnxm, rax xax onn nosnonxmr c ontm rounocrtm nocrannrt naxnt nx
ncnxoanannsa nonoct.
onacrn omnountx crnn camtmn nnrcntmn nonocamn, xorot mt
nocrannnn, no noxa ocrannnn s ornra, xnnxmrcx cnymmn: mt cxasann, uro omnount
crnnx nosnnxamr n syntrar nanoxnnx yr na yra nyx asnnuntx namnn, ns
xorotx ono moxno nasnart naymnntm (gestnrte), a yro naymammnm (stnrende).
aymnnt namnnx n ncrannxmr coo nonmy, a nor o yro rynn mt xornn
t snart, no-nntx, uro +ro sa namnnx, ntcrynammn xax nomxa nx yro rynnt, n,
no-nrotx, xaxont nx ornomnnx yr x yry.
asmnr mn onxrt nsxrt n xaucrn nnma nx ncx nnon omnountx crnn
oronoxy n ornrnrt cnauana na nroo nonoc, nx um x ornuy na nnt.
n oronox naymamm namnn moxr nmrt ornomnn x coxannm
naymnnoro namnnx, rora oronoxa coxnr nornnoun, nonanxy nnn ononnnn
x nmy. mn x xcntx n on nnrcntx cnyuaxx naymamm namnn no
coxannm n nmr c naymnntm nnuro omro.
ornxnnx ornomnnxm nnoro oa mt s rya nam n yx snaxomtx n nm
noontx nnmax. ourn no ncx cnyuaxx oronoox naymamm namnn ntaxar
nornnononoxno coxann no ornomnnm x naymnnomy, omnouno crnn
ncrannxr coo xon]nnxr mxy nymx ncornaconanntmn crmnnnxmn. oxnnxm
sacann orxtrtm, no xorn t ro saxtrt - raxon cmtcn oronoxn nsnnra.
onnrnucxax rasra, xoroym onnnxnn n noaxnocrn, samnmarcx n crart, xoroax
onxna saxanunnartcx cnonamn: "amn unrarnn moryr sacnnrntcrnonart, xax mt ncra
conmnno cxotcrno ntcrynann na naro omcrna". o axro, cocrannxnmn +ry
crartm, omncx n nanncan "xotcrno". n, nnnmo, yman: xorx x n onxn nanncart rax, no
x snam, uro +ro noxt. aont ncrannrnt, nnsnannt rononrt xasy cnomanym
(rtckhaltlos) nany, nncnymanmnct x nnyrnnmy ronocy, xorot xax t rononr: a n
cnnmxom nn rt cmn? - nar oronoxy - cnono rtckhaltlos |cnomant| nnamarcx n
rtckgratlos |cxrnt|.*
yx nsncrntx nam nnmax, xora oronoxa nonsnonr nnuarnnn crxxnnx n
coxamnnx cnon, noxnnxmrcx nonanxn, ononnnnx n noonxnnx ntcxastnannx, n
xorotx, naxy c nno, naxonr cno noxnnnn n nroax rnnnnx. "yr onayxnnnct
(zum Vorschein kommen) ]axrt, a nyum yx nxmo cxasart: cnnncrna (chweinereien)", - nrax,
nosnnxar oronoxa: es sind Dinge zum Vorschwein gekommen. "m, xorot +ro
nonnmamr, moxno cocunrart no nantnam ono yxn", no n crnnrntnocrn crt rontxo
onn unonx, xorot +ro nonnmar, n syntrar nonyuarcx: cocunrart no onomy nantny.
nn "mo myx moxr crt n nnrt, uro on xour". o asn x nornnm, urot on uro-ro
xorn, nor n ntxonr: on moxr crt n nnrt nc, uro x xouy.
----------------------------------------
* nmnxom xcrar, noxt 190 r.
o ncx +rnx cnyuaxx oronoxa nno nosnnxar ns coxannx naymnnoro namnnx,
nno ona cnxsana c +rnm coxannm.
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yro nn ornomnnx mxy nymx ommnmncx namnnxmn nonsnonr nctma
cranno nnuarnnn. cnn naymamm namnn n nmr nnuro omro c coxannm
naymnnoro, ro orxya x ono rcx n noumy noxnnxrcx n onnnnom mcr xax
nomxa? anmnnx, xorot rontxo n moryr art na +ro ornr, noxastnamr, uro nomxa
ntstnarcx rm xoom mtcn, xorot nsaonro o roro sannmann unonxa n noxnnnnct
rnt raxnm oasom nsanncnmo or roro, ntasnnnct nn onn n un nnn nr. 3ry nomxy
crnnrntno moxno nasnart orsnyxom, onaxo n oxsarntno orsnyxom nonsncnntx
cnon. 3ct rox cymcrnyr acconnarnnnax cnxst mxy naymammnm n naymnntm
namnnm, no ona n cxtnarcx n coxannn, a ycranannnnarcx ncxyccrnnno, uacro
nctma oxontntmn nyrxmn.
nny nocro nnm ns cocrnnntx nanmnn. naxt x ncrrnncx y nac n
roax y onomnrontx nm c nymx ortmn no-ryncrcxn amamn. nomn c nnmn
nmnoro, n mt norononnn o nncrxx n rynocrxx ryncrcxoro oasa xnsnn. na ns am
cornacnnact, uro raxo nmxnnonoxnn nmr cnon nyocrna. "crnnrntno, -
rononr ona, - ount nnnxrno nnt nt marart no connnnxy, xora xo]ra n yamxa
conmnno moxt or nora". +rom nnoxnnn ona nar manntxym samnnxy n
noonxar: "Kora nnxonmt nach Hose |omo, no nmcro Hause ynornno cnono Hose -
nanranont| n crt nosmoxnocrt nortcx.". Mt +ry oronoxy n anannsnonann, no x
ymam, nt nrxo nomr. ama nmna namnn noonxnrt nuncnnn n cxasart:
xo]ry, yamxy n nanranont. s cooaxnn naronncronocrn cnono nanranont n tno
ynornno,
no n cnymmm nnoxnnn, conmnno nsanncnmom no coxannm,
nnonsncnno cnono noxnnxrcx n nn ncxaxnnx, cxonoro no snyuannm co cnonom
Hause.
y a rnt, naxonn, mt moxm nrn x nonocy, xorot nc orxnatnann: uro +ro sa
namnnx, xorot raxnm notuntm oasom noxnnxmrcx n xaucrn nomx? asymrcx,
onn nctma asnnunt, no mt nam n nnx n om. syunn nnt x nnmon, mt moxm
ntnnrt rn rynnt. K nno rynn ornocxrcx cnyuan, n xorotx ronoxmmy nsncrno
naymamm namnn n on uyncrnonan ro n oronoxo. ax, n oronox "Vorschwein"
ronoxmn n rontxo n ornnar ocyxnnx onnnntx ]axron, no nnsnarcx n
namnnn, or xorooro on norom orxasancx, nonsncrn cnono "chweinereien" |cnnncrna|.
roym rynny cocrannxmr cnyuan, xora ronoxmn rox nnsnar naymamm namnn,
no n noosnar, uro ono crano axrnnntm nnoccrnnno n oronoxo. n
cornamarcx c namnm ronxonannm, no n nsncrno crnnn ynnnn nm. nmt raxoro
oa nru narn n yrnx omnountx crnnxx, um n oronoxax. K rrt rynn
ornocxrcx cnyuan, xora cnanmn oronoxy +nrnuno ornrar nam ronxonann
naymammro namnnx; on n rontxo ocnannar ror ]axr, uro anno namnn noynno
ro x oronox, no yrnxar, uro ono my conmnno uyxo. cnomnnm cnyua c "auI
stoen" (ortrnyrt nmcro uoxnyrtcx), n ror nxmo-raxn nnxnnnt orno, xorot x
nonyunn or oaroa, xora xorn ncronxonart naymamm namnn. Kax nt nomnnr, mt
n nnmnn x nnomy mnnnm n nonnmannn +rnx cnyuan. t nonycrnn mnmo ym
nosaxnnx oaroa, nonsnocnnmro rocr, noonxax nnxnnartcx cnoro ronxonannx, n
ro nmx xax nt, nonaram, ocrarct no nnuarnnnm ro ornonn n noymar,
n nyum nn orxasartcx or raxoro ronxonannx omnountx crnn n cunrart nx uncro
]nsnonornucxnmn axramn, xax +ro tno nnnxro o ncnxoanannsa. Mory nonxrt, uro nac
nyrar. Mo ronxonann nnonarar, uro y ronoxmro moryr noxnnrtcx namnnx, o
xorotx on cam nnuro n snar, no o xorotx x mory ysnart na ocnonannn xocnnntx ynnx.
ac ocranannnnar nonnsna n ctsnocrt moro nnonoxnnx. onnmam n nnsnam noxa
namy nanory. o nor uro mt moxm ycranonnrt: cnn nt xornr nocnonarntno
nnxnnartcx onnnnoro nossnnx na omnount crnnx, nannntnocrt xorooro
oxasana raxnm ontmnm xonnucrnom nnmon, ro nam nnrcx cornacnrtcx n c +rnm
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cranntm nnonoxnnm. cnn x nt n moxr mnrtcx na +ro, ro nam nyxno orxasartcx
or ncro, uro nt yx snar o omnountx crnnxx.
o ocranonnmcx noxa na rom, uro onnxr nc rn rynnt, uro omro n mxannsm
+rnx oronoox. K cuacrtm, +ro n ntstnar comnnn. nntx nyx rynnax naymamm
namnn nnsnarcx camnm ronoxmnm; n nnom cnyua x +romy nnannxrcx m ro, uro
+ro namnn noxnnxrcx nnoccrnnno n oronoxo. o n oonx cnyuaxx +ro
namnn orrcnxrcx. Ionoxmn mnn n onycrnrt ro ntaxnnx n un, n rora
nonsomna oronoxa, r. . orrcnnno namnn nc-raxn noxnnnoct nornn ro nonn,
nsmnnn ntaxnn onymnnoro nm namnnx, cmmanmnct c nnm nnn ax nonnocrtm
samnnn ro. axon mxannsm oronoxn.
+ro rouxn snnx mn rax x nryno nonnocrtm cornaconart noncc oronoox,
ornocxmnxcx x rrt rynn, c ntmonncanntm mxannsmom. nx +roro mn nyxno rontxo
nnonoxnrt, uro +rn rn rynnt ornnuamrcx yr or yra asno crnntm orrcnnnx
naymammro namnnx. nno rynn +ro namnn ounnno, ono ar o c snart
ronoxmmy m o ntcxastnannx; rontxo nocn roro, xax ono ornrnyro, ono nosmmar
cx n oronox. o nroo rynn naymamm namnn orrcnxrcx m antm, n
ntcxastnannm ronoxmn ro yx n samuar. Vnnnrntno ro, uro +ro nnxonm oasom n
mmar my trt nnunno oronoxn! o rm nru nam oxcnnrt noncxoxnn oronoox
rrt rynnt. y na cx cmnocrt nnonoxnrt, uro n omnounom crnnn moxr
noxnnrtcx m ona rnnnnx, xoroax anno, moxr trt, ount anno orrcnna,
ronoxmn n samuar n xax as no+romy ornnar. o ocrannm noxa +ry nocnnmm
nonmy; ns yrnx cnyuan nt onxnt cnart ntno, uro noannnn nmmmrocx
namnnx uro-nno cxasart xnnxrcx nnmnntm ycnonnm nosnnxnonnnx oronoxn.
nt mt moxm yrnxart, uro nonnnynnct m antm n nonnmannn omnountx
crnn. Mt n rontxo snam, uro onn xnnxmrcx ncnxnucxnmn axramn, n xorotx moxno
ycmorrt cmtcn n namnn, uro onn nosnnxamr naroax nanoxnnm yr na yra nyx
asnnuntx namnn, no, xom roro, uro ono ns +rnx namnn nonrarcx orrcnnnm,
ro ntnonnnn n onycxarcx n n syntrar ono noxnnxrcx n naymnnn yroro
namnnx. yxno cnauana nommart my camomy, urot ono morno crart nomxo. onno
oxcnnn ]nomnon, nastnamtx omnountmn crnnxmn, +rnm, xonuno, m n
ocrnrarcx. asy x ncramr yrn nonoct, n noom xaxrcx, um antm mt
nonnramcx n nonnmannn omnountx crnn, rm ontm nonoon nx nontx nonocon.
Mt moxm, nannm, cnocnrt: noumy nc +ro n noncxonr namnoro nom? cnn crt
rnnnnx orrcnnrt onnnno namnn nmcro roro, urot ro ntnonnnrt, ro +ro
orrcnnn onxno noncxonrt raxnm oasom, urot +ro namnn noom n nonyunno
ntaxnnx nnn x orrcnnn morno t n yacrtcx nonc n orrcnnno namnn
ntasnnoct t nonnocrtm. mnount crnnx, onaxo, ncrannxmr coo
xomnomncct, onn osnauamr nonyyauy n nonynyauy nx xaxoro ns nyx namnn;
nocrannnno no yrosy namnn n moxr trt nn nonnocrtm noannno, nn ncnno
noxnnno, sa ncxnmunnm orntntx cnyuan. Mt moxm nnonarart, uro nx
ocymcrnnnnx raxnx nnr]nnnn nnn xomnomnccon noxonmt ocot ycnonnx, no mt
n moxm ax ncrannrt c nx xaaxr. raxx n ymam, uro mt mornn t
onayxnrt +rn nnsncrnt nam ornomnnx nn antnmnx on rnyoxnx nccnonannxx
omnountx crnn. Ioaso on noxonmtm mt cunram nsyunn yrnx rmntx
onacr ymnno xnsnn; n rontxo ananornn c rmn xnnnnxmn, xorot mt nam n +rnx
nccnonannxx, nosnonxr nam cnart r nnonoxnnx, xorot noxonmt nx nyumro
nonnmannx omnountx crnn. m ono! crt onnnnax onacnocrt n aor c
manosnaunrntntmn ncnxnucxnmn noxnnnnxmn, xaxnmn nnxonrcx sannmartcx nam.
ymcrnyr ymnno saonnann, xomnnaronax naanox, nn xoroo |ontnt|
cxonuno onro moryr sannmartcx onnxo raxnx manosnaunrntntx nnsnaxon, no x n
noyuyct, uro nn +rom |onn| namr nannntnt ntnot. r raxo onacnocrn nac moxr
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yut rontxo mnoxax asa nanmnn, nonroxmocrt cxontx saxnmunn ns camtx
asnnuntx onacr ncnxnucxo xnsnn.
a +rom mt nnm ananns omnountx crnn. o x xorn t nynnrt nac o
onom: sanomnnr, noxanycra, mro anannsa +rnx ]nomnon. a nx nnm nt moxr
ynnrt, xaxont nnn namnx ncnxonornucxnx nccnonann. Mt xornm n nocro
onnctnart n xnaccn]nnnonart xnnnnx, a crmnmcx nonxrt nx xax noxnnnn ott
ymnntx cnn, xax
ntaxnn nnnanannnntx rnnnn, xorot aoramr cornacno yr c yrom nnn
yr nornn yra. Mt nnxnnamcx nnamnucxoro nonnmannx ncnxnucxnx xnnnn.1
nam rouxn snnx, nocnnnnmamt ]nomnt onxnt ycrynnrt mcro rontxo
nnonaramtm crmnnnxm.
rax, mt ym yrnynxrtcx n nonmy omnountx crnn, no ocnm rnt nsrnx
na +ry onacrt no nc mnor, sct mt ncrrnm n yx snaxomo, n xo-uro nono. Mt
no-nxnmy ym nnxnnartcx yx nnnxroro nnauan nnnx na rn rynnt
oronoox, a raxx onncox, ounrox, ocntmx, satnannx c ro nonnamn n sanncnmocrn or
satroro oxra (nmnn cocrnnnoro, uyxnx cnon, namnn, nnuarnnn) n
saxnartnannx "no omnx", sanxrtnannx, sarnnannx nm. mnxn-sanyxnnx
(Irrttmer), nacxontxo onn nonaamr n non namro nnnmannx, ornocxrcx uacrnuno x
satnannm, uacrnuno x crnnm "no omnx" (VergreiIen).
oronox mt yx rononnn onontno noono, n nc-raxn xo-uro moxno oannrt. K
oronox nnco-
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1 nnnno nonoxnn cnnrntcrnyr o rom, uro u nnmn x onnx cno
cncrmt xax nnamnucxo ncnxonornn. antnmm rmnn "nnamnucxax ncnxonornx"
cran mnoxo nnmnxrtcx nx oosnaunnx n rontxo yunnx ua, no n yrnx
nanannnn, nsyuammnx noynrntnt, a]]xrnnnt acnxrt ncnxnxn n ornnun or
nnrnnxryantntx noxnnnn. uacrnocrn, rmnn "nnamnucxax ncnxnarnx", nurxo
orrannunnamt or nonxrnx "nnamnucxax ncnxonornx", mnoxo nnmnxrcx n nacroxm
nmx nsncrntm sananormancxnm ncnxorannrom I. mmonom n nxorotmn
amnxancxnmn nccnonarnxmn. nyr ormrnrt, uro nnamnucxax ncnxonornx ctrana
nosnrnnnym ont cno xnrnxo mxanncrnucxnx xonnnnn, nrnonymmnx snaunn
nnyrnnnx ncnxonornucxnx ]axroon n orannsannn nonnnx.
nnxmrcx mn snaunrntnt a]]xrnnnt xnnnnx, xorot nstnrcnt nx nac.
nxro n nmnr oronannartcx, uacro orononnmncx n cntmnr cocrnnno oronoxn, no
nnxora n nonycrnr uyxo. ronoxn ax n nsncrnom cmtcn saasnrntnt, onontno
ryno ocyxart oronoxn n n cnart nx camomy. amt nsnaunrntnt ]omt
oronoox, xorot n moryr art nnxaxoro ocooro oxcnnnx croxmnx sa nnmn
ncnxnucxnx nonccon, nryno asraart n ornomnnn nx mornnannn. cnn xro-ro
nonsnocnr xarxo onrn rnacnt ncncrnn um-ro mornnnonannoro naymnnx,
noxnnnmrocx n nonsnomnnn annoro cnona, ro cnymmym sa n xarxym rnacnym on
nonsnocnr onro n nar nonym oronoxy, xomnncnyx +rnm ntymym. o x camo
noncxonr, xora nuncro n nxno nonsnocnrcx n]ronr, nannm, u nnn oi xax ei;
xnax ncnannrt omnxy, unonx mnxr n cnymmm mcr ei na u nnn oi. n +rom, no-
nnnmomy, nmr snaunn mnnn cocnnxa, xorot n onxn noymart, uro
ronoxmmy sasnnuno, xax on nontsyrcx ontm xstxom. roo xomnncnymm
ncxaxnn xax as nanannno na ro, urot oarnrt nnnmann cnymarnx na nnym omnxy
n noxasart my, uro rononnmn cam samrnn. amtmn uacrtmn, nocrtmn n
manosnaunrntntmn cnyuaxmn oronoox xnnxmrcx crxxnnx n nnocxnmnnx, xorot
noxnnxmrcx n ncymcrnnntx uacrxx un. on nnnnom nnoxnnn oronannamrcx,
nannm, raxnm oasom, uro nocnn cnono nnonaramoro ntcxastnannx snyunr
antm nmnn. 3ro nonsnonr nnuarnnn onnnnoro nrnnnx, xnannx nocxo
saxonunrt nnoxnn n cnnrntcrnyr o nsncrnom nornnoocrnymmm crmnnnn
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no ornomnnm x +romy nnoxnnm nnn nornn nc un noom. axnm oasom, mt
nnnnxamcx x norannuntm cnyuaxm, n xorotx asnnunx mxy ncnxoanannrnucxnm n
otuntm ]nsnonornucxnm nonnmannm oronoxn crnamrcx. Mt nnonaram, uro n +rnx
cnyuaxx nmrcx naymammax uno namnn rnnnnx, no ona moxr rontxo namxnyrt
na cno cymcrnonann, n ntasnn cocrnnnoro namnnx. aymnn, xoroo ona
ntstnar, xnnxrcx cncrnnm xaxnx-ro snyxontx nnn acconnarnnntx nnnxnn, xorot
moxno nonnmart xax ornnunn nnnmannx or unoro namnnx. o nn +ro ornnunn
nnnmannx, nn cranmn crnnntmn acconnarnnnt nnnxnnx n oxcnxmr cymnocrn
noncca. nn rontxo yxastnamr na cymcrnonann naymamm uno namnn
rnnnnn, nnoy xoroo, onaxo, nntsx onnnrt no noxnnnnxm, xax +ro yarcx
cnart no ncx on xxo ntaxnntx cnyuaxx oronoxn.
nncxa (Verschreien), x xoroo x rnt nxoxy, nacrontxo ananornuna oronox, uro
nnuro nnnnnnnantno nonoro or nsyunnx xart n nnxonrcx. Xorx, moxr trt,
nxorot ononnnnx mt n nncm. ront acnocrannnt onncxn, crxxnnx, noxnnnn
nnn antm croxmnx, oconno nocnnnx cnon cnnrntcrnymr onxrt-raxn o omm
nxnannn nncart n o nrnnnn; on xxo ntaxnnt cnyuan onncxn nosnonxmr
onayxnrt xaaxr n namnn naymamm rnnnnn. Kora n nnctm onayxnnarcx
onncxa, moxno nnsnart, uro y nnmymro n nc tno n noxx, no n ncra onnnmt,
uro nmnno ro nonnonano. nanmn onncxy, rax x xax n oronoxy, uacro n samuar .
nmuarntno cnymm nanmnn: crt nmn, xorot otuno n ornannnnm
nunrtnamr nanncanno nnctmo. V yrnx raxo nnntuxn nr; no cnn onn, onaxo,
cnamr +ro n nn ncxnmunnx, ro ncra nonyuamr nosmoxnocrt narn onncxy n ncnannrt
. Kax +ro oxcnnrt? xnatnarcx nnuarnnn, yro +rn nmn nc x snamr, uro onn
cnann onncxy. Moxno nn +ro n crnnrntnocrn nnonoxnrt?
naxrnucxnm snaunnm onncxn cnxsana ona nnrcnax nonma. t, moxr trt,
snar cnyua ynnt X., xorot, ntanax cx sa axrnonora, ocranan ns nayuno-
nccnonarntcxoro nncrnryra no asnnnm xyntry usntuano onacntx nx xnsnn
nosynrn onsn n ynornxn nx nx ycrannnx raxnm "conmnntm" cnocoom
nnsxnx nm co cnoro nyrn. naxt on noxanonancx yxonocrny onoro ns raxnx
nncrnryron na ncrnnnocrt nncnanntx my xyntry, no nn +rom onycrnn omnxy n
nmcro cnon "nn monx ontrax c mtmamn nnn mocxnmn cnnnxamn" nanncan "nn monx
ontrax c nmtmn". 3ra onncxa ocnnact n rnasa nauam nncrnryra, no onn, nacxontxo x
snam, n cnann ns +roro nnxaxnx ntnoon. y, a xax nt ymar? Mornn t naun nnsnart
onncxy sa nnsnann n nosynrt cncrnn, naroax umy moxno tno t cnonmnno
nynnrt ncrynnnn? nocnyxnno nn n annom cnyua nsnann namro ronxonannx
omnountx crnn nnunno raxoro naxrnucxn naxnoro ynymnnx? onaram, onaxo,
uro xaxo t noosnrntno n noxasanact mn raxax onncxa, ncnontsonart n xaucrn
nxmo ynnxn mmar ono naxno ocroxrntcrno. c nt n rax-ro nocro. nncxa - +ro,
xonuno, ynnxa, no camo no c m nocrarouno nx nauana cncrnnx. nncxa
crnnrntno yxastnar na ro, uro unonxa morna sannmart mtcnt o saaxnnn nm, no
ona n nosnonxr yrnxart, nocnr nn +ra mtcnt xaaxr xnnoro snoro ymtcna nnn
naxrnucxn sonno ]anrasnn. nonn nosmoxno, uro unonx, onycrnnmn raxym
onncxy, yr ornnart +ry ]anrasnm c nonntm cyxrnnntm nanom n cunrart
conmnno uyxo nx cx. Kora mt n antnmm ym asnart asnnun
mxy ncnxnucxo n marnantno antnocrtm, nt m nyum cmoxr nonxrt +ry
nosmoxnocrt. annom x cnyua omnouno crnn nnono nnocncrnnn
nnnnnno snaunn.
n ounrx mt nmm no c ncnxnucxo cnryann, xnno ornnuno or cnryannn, n
xoroo noncxoxr oronoxn n onncxn. na ns nyx xonxynymmnx rnnnn
samnxrcx sct cncontm nosyxnnm n, nosmoxno, no+romy mn ycrounna. o, uro
cnyr nounrart, n ornnun or roro, uro namnamtcx nanncart, n xnnxrcx nt
cocrnnntm noyxrom ncnxnucxo xnsnn unrammro. ontmnncrn cnyuan ounrxa
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saxnmuarcx n nonno samn onoro cnona yrnm. nono, xoroo nyxno noucrt,
samnxrcx yrnm, nnum n ryrcx, urot rxcr tn cnxsan c syntrarom ounrxn no
coxannm, xax nannno, samna noncxonr na ocnon cnoncno ananornn. nm
nxrnra - rammnon nmcro angenommen - camt nyumn ns +ro rynnt. cnn mt
xornm ysnart naymammym rnnnnm, ntstnammym ounrxy, cnyr ocrannrt n croon
nnannntno nounrannt rxcr, a nonrnyrt anannrnucxomy nccnonannm na momnra:
xaxax mtcnt nnmna n ronony unranmmy nnoccrnnno n ounrxo n n xaxo
cnryannn ona noncxonr. nora snannx +ro cnryannn ocrarouno nx oxcnnnx ounrxn.
annm, nxro onr no nsnaxomomy rooy, ncntrtnax crcrnnnym nyxy, n na
ontmo ntncx nnoro +raxa unrar xnosr (Klosetthaus). ycnn ynnnrtcx romy, uro
ntncxa nncnr cnnmxom ntcoxo, on yxarcx, uro cnyr unrart xocrt (Korsetthaus).
yrnx cnyuaxx ounrox, nsanncnmtx or coxannx rxcra, naooor, noxonm
rmarntnt ananns, xorot nntsx noncrn, n snax rxnnucxnx nnmon ncnxoanannsa
n n onxx nm. o n ontmnncrn cnyuan oxcnnrt ounrxy nryno. o
samnnnomy cnony n nnm c rammnonom xcn xyr mtcn, ns-sa xorotx nosnnxno
naymnn. o nmx +ro nont, nannm, nasnannx rooon, nmna nonxononn n
nonnt ntaxnnx nctma uacro ntunrtnamr ns, r rontxo ncruarcx xort xaxo-
nnyt noxox cnono. o, uro sannmarntno n nnrcno, samnxr uyxo n nnnrcno.
crarxn |nmcrnymmnx| mtcn sarynxmr nono nocnnxrn.
n ounrx ocrarouno uacro ncruamrcx cnyuan yroro oa, n xorotx cam rxcr
ntstnar naymammym rnnnnm, ns-sa xoroo on sarm n nnamarcx n cnom
nornnononoxnocrt. nonx ntnyxn unrart uro-ro nx nro nxnarntno, n ananns
yxar nac, uro nnrncnnno xnann ornrnyrt unramo ntstnar ro nsmnnn.
an ynomxnyrtx on uacrtx cnyuaxx ounrox orcyrcrnymr na ]axroa, xorot, no
nammy mnnnm, nramr naxnym ont n mxannsm omnountx crnn: nr xon]nnxra
nyx rnnnn n orrcnnnx ono ns nnx, xoroax nosmmar cx n omnounom crnnn.
ro urot nn ounrx onayxnnanoct t uro-ro conmnno nornnononoxno, no
naxnocrt coxannx mtcnn, nnnoxmro x ounrx, namnoro ounnn, um orrcnnn,
xoroomy ono o roro nonrnoct. mnno oa +rnx ]axroa narnxn ncro ntcrynamr n
asnnuntx cnyuaxx omnountx crnn, ntaxammnxcx n satnannn.
3atnann namnn xax as onosnauno, ro ronxonann, xax mt yx snam, n
ocnannarcx ax ncnnnanncramn. aymammax namnn rnnnnx ncxxn as
xnnxrcx nornnononoxntm namnnm, nxnannm ntnonnnrt nno, n nam ocrarcx
rontxo ysnart, noumy ono n ntaxarcx no-yromy n mn
samacxnonanno. o nannun +ro nornnononoxno nonn ncomnnno. nora ax
yarcx ysnart xo-uro o mornnax, ntnyxammnx cxtnartcx +ry nornnononoxnym nonm, n
ncxxn as ona ocrnrar cno nnn n omnounom crnnn, ocranaxct cxtro, noromy uro
tna t nannxxa orxnonna, cnn t ntcrynnna n nn orxtroro nosaxnnx. cnn mxy
namnnm n ro ntnonnnnm noncxonr cymcrnnno nsmnnn ncnxnucxo cnryannn,
ncncrnn xorooro o ntnonnnnn namnnx n moxr trt n un, rora satnann
namnnx ntxonr sa amxn omnounoro crnnx. axo satnann n ynnnxr; nonxrno,
uro tno t nsnnmn ncnomnnart o namnnn, ono ntnano ns namxrn na on nnn mn
nnrntno nmx. 3atnann namnnx rontxo rora moxno cunrart omnountm
crnnm, cnn raxo naymnn ncxnmuno.
nyuan satnannx namnn n omm nacrontxo onooasnt n nosaunt, uro nmnno
no+romy onn n ncrannxmr nnxaxoro nnrca nx namro nccnonannx. naxo xo-uro
nono n nyx ornomnnxx mt moxm ysnart, nsyuax n +ro omnouno crnn. Mt
ormrnnn, uro satnann, r. . nntnonnnn namnnx, yxastnar na nornnononoxnym
nonm, naxnym +romy namnnm. 3ro nonoxnn ocrarcx n cnn, no nornnononoxnax
nonx, xax noxastnamr namn nccnonannx, moxr trt nyx nnon - nxmax n
onoconannax. ro mt nonnmam no nocnn, nyum ncro noxasart na nxorotx
nnmax. Kora noxonnrnt satnar samonnnrt cnonuxo sa cnoro norx, ro +ro moxr
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nonsorn noromy, uro on n ount nnrcyrcx cnonm norx n y nro nr ontmo oxort
nocnrt sa nro. mnno n +rom cmtcn norx n nonnmar satnunnocrt noxonnrnx. o
cnryannx moxr trt n cnoxn. ornnononoxnax ntnonnnnm namnnx nonx moxr
noxnnrtcx y noxonnrnx no
yro nnunn n noxnnrt cno crnn concm n yrom mcr. na moxr n nmrt x
norx nnxaxoro ornomnnx, a trt nanannna nornn rrtro nnna, xoroo nyxno
nocnrt. t nnnr rnt, xaxn comnnnx nosnnxamr n sct n cnxsn c naxrnucxnm
ncnontsonannm namro ronxonannx. cmorx na nannntno ronxonann satnannx,
norx moxr noxnnrt nsnnmnmm nonunnocrt n ncnannnnocrt no ornomnnm x
cnomy noxonnrnm. nn cnn xro-nnyt satnar no cnnann, nasnaunno yromy,
xorx cam n namn tn xnnrtcx, ro uam ncro +ro oxcnxrcx nxmtm orxasom or ncrun c
+rnm nnnom. o nnora ananns moxr onayxnrt, uro naymammax rnnnnx nmr
ornomnn n x annomy nnny, a nanannna nornn mcra, r onxno cocroxrtcx cnnann,
n cnxsana c nnnxrntm nocnomnnannm, xorooro satnmn xour nsxart. nn n cnyua,
xora xro-ro satnar ornannrt nnctmo, nornnononoxnax rnnnnx moxr trt cnxsana c
coxannm camoro nnctma; no nt concm n ncxnmuno, uro camo no c sonno
nnctmo ntstnar nornnononoxnym rnnnnm rontxo noromy, uro ono nanomnnar o
yrom, an nanncannom nnctm, xoroo xnnnoct nonoom nx nxmoro noxnnnnx
nornnononoxno nonn. ora moxno cxasart, uro nornnononoxnax nonx sct nnocnrcx
c roro nxnro nnctma, r ona tna onananna, na anno, n xoroom , cocrnnno,
numy nornnounrt. axnm oasom, nt nnnr, uro, nontsyxct namnm xorx n nannntntm
ronxonannm, cnyr noxnnxrt cxannocrt n ocrooxnocrt; ro, uro ncnxonornucxn
roxcrnnno, moxr trt naxrnucxn ount ax mnorosnauno.
oont xnnnnx moryr noxasartcx nam ount notuntmn. osmoxno, nt cxnonnt
ax nnonoxnrt, uro +ra "onoconannax" nornnononoxnax nonx xaaxrnsyr yx
xaxo-ro naronornucxn noncc.
o cmm nac sannrt, uro ona noxnnxrcx y nomantntx n soontx nm. noum,
nomy nonxrt mnx nannntno. cam nn n xo m n xouy nnsnanart namn
anannrnucxn ronxonannx nnaxntmn. tmynomxnyrax mnorosnaunocrt satnannx
namnnx cymcrnyr rontxo o rx no, noxa mt n nonrnn cnyua anannsy, a ronxym
ro rontxo na ocnonannn namnx omnx nnonoxnn. cnn x mt nonm c
coornrcrnymmnm nnnom ananns, ro mt ysnam c nonno onnnnocrtm, tna nn n annom
cnyua nxmax nornnononoxnax nonx nnn orxya ona nosnnxna.
roo momnr saxnmuarcx n cnymmm: cnn mt n ontmnncrn cnyuan yxamcx,
uro satnann namnn oxcnxrcx nornnononoxno non, ro nonoym
acnocrannrt +ro nonoxnn na yro x cnyuan, xora anannsnymo nnno n
nnsnar, a ornnar orxtrym namn nornnononoxnym nonm. ostmm n xaucrn nnmon
ount uacro ncruammncx cnyuan, xora satnamr nnyrt nsxrt na nmx xnnrn,
onnarnrt cura nnn onrn. Mt ym nacrontxo cmnt, uro cxaxm satnmmy, xax t on +ro
nn ornnan, uro y nro tno namnn ocrannrt xnnrn c n n onnarnrt onrn, nnau ro
nonnn oxcnnrt nntsx, on nmn namnn, no rontxo nnuro n snan o nm; nam,
onaxo, ocrarouno roro, uro ro ntano satnann. n moxr, xonuno, nosasnrt, uro +ro
tna ncro nnmt satnunnocrt. nt nt ysnar cnryannm, n xoroo mt yx onaxt
oxasannct. cnn mt xornm nocnonarntno nononrt namn ronxonannx omnountx
crnn, xorot onanann cx na asnooasntx nnmax, ro mt nnsxno nnm x
nnonoxnnm, uro y unonxa crt namnnx, xorot moryr crnonart nsanncnmo or
roro, snar on o nnx nnn nr. o, yrnxax +ro, mt ncrynam n nornnoun co ncmn
rocnocrnymmnmn n n xnsnn, n n ncnxonornn nsrnxamn.
3atnann nmn cocrnnntx n nnocranntx nasnann, a raxx nnocranntx cnon rox
moxno cncrn x nornnononoxnomy namnnm, xoroo nxmo nnn xocnnno nanannno
nornn coornrcrnymmro nasnannx. xorot nnmt raxo nxmo nnnxsnn x yx
nnnonn an. o xocnnnt nnunnt sct oconno uacrt n rymr, xax nannno, nx
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nx ycranonnnnx rmarntnoro anannsa. ax, nannm, cuac, no nmx nont, xoroax
ntnynna nac orxasartcx or mnornx nxnnx cnmnarn, n cnny xaxnx-ro ount cranntx
cnxs nocraana raxx namxrt na nmna cocrnnnt. anno co mno nonsomn cnyua,
xora x n mor ncnomnnrt nasnann sonnoro moancxoro rooa nsnn, n ananns noxasan,
uro nnunno tna n nxmax naxnocrt, a cosnyun c nasnannm nananno nsnnn n
nnro, r x antm nonoxarno xnn. Mornnom rnnnnn, nanannnno nornn
noccranonnnnx nasnannx n namxrn, sct nnnt ntcrynar nnnnnn, xorot
nnocncrnnn onayxnr cno usntuano ontmo snaunn nx onnnnx nnunn
nnornucxnx cnmnromon: orxas namxrn ncnomnnart ro, uro cnxsano c nnnxrntmn
omymnnxmn, n |nont nxnnart +ro nyonontcrnn nn nocnomnnannn. amnn
nsxart nyonontcrnnx, ncrounnxom xorooro cnyxar namxrt nnn yrn ncnxnucxn
axrt, ncnxnucxo rcrno or nyonontcrnnx mt nnsnam xax xonunt mornn n rontxo
nx satnannx nmn n nasnann, no n nx mnornx yrnx omnountx crnn, raxnx, xax
nncnonnnn omannoro, omnxn-sanyxnnx (Irrttmer) n .1
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 3anncnmocrt namxrn or ycranonox cyxra ntxnnnact yx n +xcnnmnrantno-
ncnxonornucxnx nccnonannxx. onnsna noxoa ua saxnmuanact n rom, uro on
nocrannn nonoc o onn nnamnucxnx (mornnannonntx) ]axroon n nonccax namxrn,
otuno ornocnmtx x asxy nosnanarntntx, nounnnntx saxonam acconnannn nno
ocnonanntx na nmrno-cmtcnontx cnxsxx. Vrnxnn ua, yro nnnxrnt
nnuarnnnx no ncx cnyuaxx satnamrcx, rcno cnxsano c ro xonnnnnxmn ntrcnnnx n
ncnxonornucxo samnrt.
naxo satnann nmn, no-nnnmomy, oconno nrxo oxcnnrt
ncnxo]nsnonornucxnmn nnunnamn, n no+romy crt mnoro cnyuan, n xorotx mornn
nnnxrnoro uyncrna n nornxarcx. cnn xro-ro tnar cxnonn x satnannm nmn, ro
nyrm anannrnucxoro nccnonannx moxno ycranonnrt, uro onn ntnaamr ns namxrn n
rontxo noromy, uro camn ntstnamr nnnxrno uyncrno nnn xax-ro nanomnnamr o nm, a
noromy, uro onnnno nmx ornocnrcx x yromy acconnarnnnomy xyry, c xorotm
satnammn cocronr n on nnrnmntx ornomnnxx. mx n nm xax t saxnnarcx n n
onycxar yrnx crnymmnx n annt momnr acconnann. cnn nt ncnomnnr
ncxyccrnnnt nnmt mnmorxnnxn, ro c ynnnnnm samrnr, uro nmna satnamrcx
ncncrnn rx x cnxs, xorot namnno ycranannnnamr, urot nsxart satnannx.
amtm xxnm nnmom romy xnnxmrcx nmna nm, xorot nx asntx nnn moryr nmrt
asno ncnxnucxo snaunn. ostmm, nannm, nmx oo. nx xoro-ro ono nnuro
oconnoro n snaunr, nx yroro x +ro moxr trt nmx orna, ara, yra nnn ro
cocrnnno. ntr anannrnucxnx nccnonann noxastnar, uro n nnom cnyua nr
ocnonann satnart +ro nmx, cnn ono nnnanxnr nocroonnmy nnny, rora xax no nroom
yr nocroxnno noxnnxrtcx cxnonnocrt nnmnrt nocroonnro nmnn, c xorotm, no-
nnnmomy, acconnnymrcx nnrnmnt ornomnnx. nonoxnr, uro +ro acconnarnnno
romoxnn moxr courartcx c crnnm nnnnnna nyonontcrnnx (nlustprinzip) n,
xom roro, c
mxannsmom xocnnno nnunnnocrn, n nt nonyunr nannntno ncrannnn o rom,
nacxontxo cnoxnt nnunnt nmnnoro satnannx nmn. o rontxo rmarntnt ananns
oxonuarntno acxor n namn nc cnoxnocrn.
satnannn nnuarnnn n nxnnann m orurnnn n cnntn, um n satnannn
nmn, onayxnnarcx crnn rnnnnn ycrannnx nnnxrnoro ns nocnomnnannx.
onnocrtm +ro satnann, xonuno, nntsx orncrn x omnountm crnnxm, ono ornocnrcx
x nnm rontxo n ro m, n xaxo +ro satnann ntxonr sa amxn otunoro ontra, r. .,
nannm, xora satnamrcx cnnmxom cnxn nnn cnnmxom naxnt nnuarnnnx nnn raxn,
satnann xorotx ntnar cnxst cotrn, n ocrantnom xoomo coxannnmnxcx n namxrn.
oumy n xax mt noom satnam, n rom uncn n r nxnnannx, xorot ocrannnn n nac
ncomnnno rnyouamn cn, raxn, xax cotrn nntx rcxnx nr, - +ro conmnno
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yrax nonma, n xoroo samnra or nnnxrntx omymnn nrar onnnnym ont, no
oxcnxr anxo n nc. o, uro nnnxrnt nnuarnnnx nrxo satnamrcx, - ]axr, n
nonxamn comnnnm. 3ro samrnnn asnnunt ncnxonorn, a na nnnxoro annna +ror
]axr nonsnn raxo cnntno nnuarnnn, uro on nnn nx cx "sonoro nannno" c ocoo
rmarntnocrtm sannctnart nanmnnx, xorot nornnounnn ro ronn, rax xax on
ynncx, uro nmnno onn n yxnnamrcx n ro namxrn.
or, xro nnnt cntmnr o +rom nnnnnn samnrt or nxnarntntx nocnomnnann
nyrm satnannx, n ynycrnr cnyuax nosasnrt, nnstnax ontr, uro xax as nnnxrno
ryno satrt, nmnno ono nornn nam nonn nc nmx nosnamarcx, urot nac myunrt,
xax, nannm, nocnomnnannx o onax n ynnxnnxx. ax cnn +ror ]axr nn, on n
ronrcx n xaucrn
arymnra nornn namro yrnxnnx. axno nonmx nonxrt ro ocroxrntcrno, uro
ymnnax xnsnt - +ro ana ott nornnononoxntx rnnnn n uro, ntaxaxct n
nnamnucxn, ona cocronr ns nornnoun n nornnononoxntx na. annun onnnno
rnnnnn n ncxnmuar n nornnononoxno - mcra xnarnr nx onx. no rontxo n rom,
xax +rn nornnononoxnt rnnnnn ornocxrcx yr x yry, xaxn crnnx ntrxamr ns
ono n xaxn ns yro.
3arnnann n sanxrtnann nm nam oconno nnrcnt cno mnorosnaunocrtm,
asnooasnm rnnnn, ncncrnn xorotx moryr nonsorn +rn omnount crnnx.
mnm nx ncx cnyuan xnnxrcx ro, uro xaxo-ro nmr xornn norxrt, no nnunnt n
nnn +roro crnnx asnt. mt rxmr, cnn ona ncnornnact, cnn namnt samnnrt
nyum, cnn ona asonannnact, cnn nanomnnar o unonx, c xorotm ncnornnnct
ornomnnx, nnn cnn ona tna nnorna nn ocroxrntcrnax, o xorotx n xourcx
ncnomnnart. +ro x nntm nmn onxmr, norxr n nomamr. omcrnnno xnsnn tnn
cnant nanmnnx, uro nxnannt n nnaunt rn namnoro onsnnn, um
saxonnt. nx oxasarntcrna nr noxonmocrn cctnartcx na ryt nnmt rax
nastnamtx "nonsnonrntnnn anrnon";* nnonn ocrarouno yxasart na nsncrnym
nxnocrt n yxo sa rtmn. xnom ornomnnn x nmam noxnnxrcx ro x camo,
uro n n ornomnnn x rxm.
an, na norm moryr trt ount nmn, n yrarnnmn cno nnnocrn, n rom
cnyua, cnn nmrcx
----------------------------------------
* ngelmacherinnen (+n]mnsm, nonsnonrntnnnt anrnon) - naono ntaxnn,
oosnauamm xnmnn, rax nnoxo nncmarnnammnx sa anntmn nm na nocnnrann rtmn,
uro r ns-sa nocrarxa nnrannx ncxo ymnamr, r. . "nxnmnno cranonxrcx
anrnamn". - nm. . nnoa.
namnn uro-ro noxrnonart cyt, samnrnn cx +rnm or yro nnymamm crax
norn. oont saxnnnannx cytt, no anntm ncnxoanannsa, m ount uacrt, rax uro
namn norn xnnxmrcx oonontno xrno. orn moryr trt raxx noxnnnnm
ynxmcrna n naxasannx camoro cx; xoou, on orannnt mornnannn namnnx
norxrt nmt noosnmt.
crnnx "no omnx" (VergreiIen), xax n yrn omnxn (Irrttmer), uacro ncnontsymr
nx roro, urot ntnonnnrt xnannx, n xorotx cnonano t c orxasart. amnn
macxnyrcx nn +rom no cuacrnnnym cnyuanocrt. ax, nannm, c onnm monm yrom
nonsomn raxo cnyua: on onxn tn xnno nornn cno nonn cnart nnsnr sa roo no
xnsno oor, nn ncax on no omnx cn n nos, xorot ocrannn ro oarno n
roo. nn tnar rax, uro no nmx nyrmcrnnx xourcx saxartcx na nonnyrn, no ns-sa
onnnntx oxsarntcrn nntsx +roro nart, n rora nonycxamt nyxnt nos, rax uro
ntnyxn cnart xnannym ocranonxy. nn xax cnyunnoct c monm nannnrom, xoroomy x
sanrnn snonnrt nmnmo xnmnn, no on, xnax nosnonnrt mn, "no omnx", "n
saymunnocrn" nasnan nnannntnt nom n nc-raxn tn connn c n. xacnt
naxrnucxn nnm nxmoro nnannntnoro crnnx, cnxsannoro c nonxnnm
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nmra, nnnonr onn nnxn: "anno x c monmn xonnramn aoran n naoaronn
nncrnryra na cn cnoxntx +xcnnmnron no ynyrocrn; aora, sa xoroym mt nsxnnct
oonontno, sarxnynact, onaxo, ontm, um mt nnonarann. naxt x c xonnro u.
onxrt nomn n naoaronm, on xanonancx, uro nmnno cronx my n xornoct t rxrt
rax mnoro nmnn, y nro mnoro n oma; x mor rontxo cornacnrtcx c nnm n n myrxy cxasan,
ncnomnnn cnyua na nomno nn: "ym
naxrtcx, uro n cronx mamnna onxrt ncnornrcx, rax uro ocrannm aory n noantm
ym".
o nmx aort cnyunnoct rax, uro xonnra u. onxn tn ynannxrt xanom ncca,
ocrooxno orxtnax xan n mnnno nnycxax xnxocrt no annnnm ns axxymynxroa n
nnnnn rnannnucxoro ncca. yxononrnt ontra cronr y manomra n, xora annnn
ocrnrar nyxnoro yonnx, xnunr: "ron!" a +ry xomany u. co nc cnno nonoaunnar
xan nnno (nc xant s ncxnmunnx saxtnamrcx nonoorom nnano!). s-sa +roro n ncc
naunnar crnonart nonno annnn axxymynxroa, nonoxmax ryxa n ntxnnar n
nonarcx - concm nnnnnax nonomxa mamnnt, no mt ntnyxnt nnart na cronx aory
n norn omo.
Xaaxrno, nnoum, uro nxoroo nmx cnycrx, xora mt ocyxann +ror cnyua,
nnxrnt u. aconmrno n nomnnn monx cnon o nonomx mamnnt, xorot x nomnm
conmnno orurnnno".
3ror cnyua moxr nancrn na nnonoxnn, uro n ncra sonnax cnyuanocrt
nar yxn nam nncnyrn raxnmn onacntmn naramn namro oma. 3ct x ncrar nonoc,
ncra nn cnyuano nanocnmt c n n nonramt onacnocrn cocrnnno
cymcrnonann. c +ro nonoxnnx, snaunmocrt xorotx nt nn cnyua moxr nonnrt na
ocnonannn anannsa nanmnn.
Vnaxamt cnymarnn! 3ro anxo n nc, uro moxno tno t cxasart o omnountx
crnnxx. crt m mnoro raxoro, uro nyxno nccnonart n ocynrt. o x ononn, cnn n
syntrar namnx c nt ncmornn nxnn nsrnxt n roront nnnxrt nont.
noum, x orannuyct rm, uro nxorot croont na ocranyrcx nntxcnnntmn. syuax
omnount crnnx, mt moxm oxasart anxo n nc namn nonoxnnx, no nx nx
oxasarntcrna mt ym nnnnxart n rontxo +ror marnan. ontmax nnnocrt
omnountx crnn nx nac cocronr n rom, uro +ro ount uacro ncruammncx xnnnnx,
xorot moxno nrxo nanmart na camom c, n nx noxnnnn conmnno n cnxsano c
xaxnm-nno onsnnntm cocroxnnm. saxnmunn x xorn t ocranonnrtcx rontxo na
onom nonoc, na xorot m n ornrnn: cnn nmn, xax mt +ro nnnn no mnornx
nnmax, rax nnsxo noxoxr x nonnmannm omnountx crnn n uacro nyr cx rax,
xax yro onn oratnamrcx o nx cmtcn, ro xax x moxno cunrart +rn xnnnnx
cnyuantmn, nnmnntmn cmtcna n snaunnx n rax +nrnuno conornnnxrtcx
ncnxoanannrnucxomy nx oxcnnnm?
t nant - +ro ynnnrntno n ryr cnoro oxcnnnx. o x nam ro n am, a
nocrnnno nony x nonnmannm nsanmocnxs, ns xorooro oxcnnn orxorcx nam camo
no c s moro nnoccrnnnoro yuacrnx.

(1916 |1915-16|)
KH
V K M
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Vnaxamt amt n rocnoa! Kora-ro tno cnano orxtrn, uro cnmnromt onsnn
nxorotx nnnoontntx nmmr cmtcn.* a +rom tn ocnonan ncnxoanannrnucxn mro
nunnx. o nmx +roro nunnx onayxnnoct, uro nsamn cnmnromon y ontntx raxx
noxnnxnnct cnonnnnx. ax nosnnxno nnonoxnn, uro n +rn cnonnnnx nmmr cmtcn.
o mt n nom +rnm ncronucxnm nyrm, a conmnm oarnt xo. Mt xornm
noxasart cmtcn cnonnnn n raxnm oasom noorn x nsyunnm nno-
----------------------------------------
* os] n 10-12 rr. . raxx mon nxnnn " ncnxoananns" (1910a),
nounrannt n mnx, n "K ncronn ncnxoanannrnucxoro nnxnnx" (1914d).
son1. 3ror xo onanan, rax xax nsyunn cnonnnn n rontxo nyumn cnoco
nororonxn x nccnonannm nnoson, camo cnonnnn rox nnornucxn cnmnrom,
xorot x romy x, uro nmr nx nac nonnnmo nnmymcrno, noxnnxrcx y ncx
soontx. ax cnn t nc nmn tnn soont n rontxo nnnn cnonnnnx, mt mornn t
no nx cnonnnnxm cnart nc r ntnot, x xorotm nac nnnno nsyunn nnoson.
rax, cnam cnonnnn oxrom ncnxoanannrnucxoro nccnonannx. nont
otunt, nocrarouno onnnnt ]nomn, xax yro nnmnnt naxrnucxo
snaunmocrn, xax n omnount crnnx, c xorotmn on nmr ro om, uro noxnnxrcx n y
soontx. o n ocrantnom ycnonnx nam aort mn naronnxrnt. mnount crnnx
ncro nnmt noonnnnannct nayxo, nx mano nsyuann; no, n xonn xonnon, nr nnuro
nocrtnoro sannmartcx nmn. ana, rononnn, uro crt nmn nonaxn, no moxno
----------------------------------------
1 onma cnonnnn nsnauantno cnyxnna ornanno no ncx nocronnxx ua.
n cnxsant ncroxn ncnxoanannrnucxoro nnxnnx ( tna nocnxmna nnax xynnax
xnnra ua "onxonann cnonnnn" (1900), xoroym nnnxro cunrart
ocnonononaramm nx ncnxoanannsa). ocxontxy nn cnonnnnxx mxannsm cosnarntno-
nonnoro xonronx, rynnymmn nonnn nn ocrnonannn, ntxnmun, +ra onacrt
orxtnana nocro nx nsyunnx nocosnanamtx ncnxnucxnx noxnnnn. axronxa
cnonnnnx xax cnmnroma nnosa ornrarcx conmnno nayxo, xorx onnnnt
nnno-ncnxnucxn n ncnxocomarnucxn accrocrna nnnxmr na xaaxr cnonnnn. 3ro
nnnxnn, nomunno ncnxoanannsom, ano nono nx mnoxnx mroonornucxnx n
mnonossnucxnx ntnoon, ntxoxmnx anxo sa nnt roro, o um antno
cnnrntcrnyr ontr nsyunnx xonxnn mxy coxannm cnonnnn n
mornnannonno c]o nnunocrn, xaxo ona noxnnxrcx n +rom coxannn.
n ns nnx xo-uro nsnnut. 3annmartcx x cnonnnnxmn n rontxo nnaxrnuno n
nsnnmn, no nocro crtno; +ro nnur sa coo ynxn n nnayunocrn, ntstnar noosnn
n nnuno cxnonnocrn x mncrnnnsmy. rot nau sannmancx cnonnnnxmn, xora ax n
nnonaronornn n ncnxnarnn crontxo on ctsntx nm: onyxonn nnnunno c xnoxo,
xorot anxr na mosr, oran ymnno xnsnn, xononsnnxnnx, xonnucxn nocnannnx, nn
xorotx nsmnnnx rxan moxno noxasart no mnxocxonom! r, cnonnnn - +ro
cnnmxom nnuroxnt n nocront nccnonannx oxr.
m ona oconnocrt, nornnouamax ncm ronannxm rounoro nccnonannx. t
nn nccnonannn cnonnnnx nr ynnnocrn ax n oxr. onax nx, nannm,
noxnnxrcx xcno n onnnno. " - xnracxn nmnaro", - saxnnxr ontno no
ncycntmann. cnonnnn? ro uacro noom nntsx accxasart. asn crt y accxasunxa
raanrnx, uro on nar cnonnnn nannntno, a n nsmnxr mnoro n noncc ncxasa,
uro-ro nnymtnar ncncrnn nonnnnocrn nocnomnnann? ontmnncrno cnonnnn
noom nntsx ncnomnnrt, onn satnamrcx nnnxom, nnnort o mntuamnx ]armnron.
na ronxonannn +roro marnana n onxna ocnontnartcx nayunax ncnxonornx nnn mro
nunnx ontntx?
nnnno nynnnunn n +ro onnx moxr nac nacrooxnrt. osaxnnx nornn
cnonnnnx xax oxra nccnonannx, ounnno, saxoxr cnnmxom anxo. yrnxnnm
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o nsnaunrntnocrn nsyuamoro oxra mt yx nmnn no, asnax omnount crnnx.
Mt rononnn c, uro nnnxo moxr noxnnxrtcx n n manom. ro xacarcx
nonnnnocrn cnonnnnx, ro nmnno ona xnnxrcx xaaxrno ro oconnocrtm
naxy c yrnmn; xnnnnxm nntsx
nnnctnart nx cnocrna. xom roro, crt nt xcnt n nnonn onnnnt
cnonnnnx. ncnxnarnn cymcrnymr n yrn oxrt, xorot nmmr ror x
nonnnnt xaaxr, nannm, mnorn cnyuan nanxsunntx ncrannnn, xorotmn,
onaxo, sannmamrcx cnxrantnt, nnsnannt ncnxnart1. Mn ncnomnnarcx cnyua ns
mo nauno naxrnxn. ontnax oarnnact xo mn co cnonamn: "V mnx raxo uyncrno,
xax yro x nnunnnna n nnn xorna +ro cnart xnnomy cymcrny - nxy? - nnn nr,
cxo coax, - moxr trt, cocnna c mocra nnn cnana uro-ro yro". Mt moxm
ycrannrt nrounocrt nocnomnnannx o cnonnnnn, cnn ym cunrart cnonnnnm ro, uro
accxastnar nnnmn con, n oamax nnnmannx na ro, uro on mor satrt nnn nsmnnrt
nn nocnomnnannn. xonn xonnon, nntsx x rax soronoouno yrnxart, uro
cnonnnn xnnxrcx um-ro nsnaunrntntm. am nsncrno ns cocrnnnoro ontra, uro
nacronn, c xorotm noyxamtcx or cna, moxr nnrtcx nct nt; naun nanmamr
cnyuan, xora co cnonnnnx naunnarcx ymnnax onsnt n onax nx rcx ns +roro
cnonnnnx: nsncrnt ncronucxn nnunocrn, xorotx noynnn x naxntm nam
cnonnnnx. o+romy n saamtcx nonocom, orxya, cocrnnno, n nayuntx xyrax
nosnnxar nsnn x cnonnnnm?
ymam, uro ono xnnxrcx axnn na cnnmxom ntcoxym onnxy cnonnnn n nnn
nmna. sncrno, uro noccranonnrt nomno - no nnrxo, no c ynnnocrtm moxno
nnonoxnrt - nosnontr mn
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1 nnnnm x nonnnnocrn n nanntnocrn axnn nnornxon, ncntrtnammnx
nanxsunnt cocroxnnx, u ocyxar n cno aor "3amuannx o onom cnyua
nanxsunntx cocroxnn" (1909). nncann +ro ]omt saonnannx arcx raxx n 17-
nxnnn.
+ry myrxy, - uro namn nxn 3000 nr romy nasa n antm rouno rax x nnnn cnt,
xax n mt. acxontxo mt snam, nnn naot nnanann ncm cnonnnnxm ontmo
snaunn n cunrann nx naxrnucxn snaunmtmn. nn nnnn n nnx snaxn yymro, ncxann n
nnx nsnamnonannx. nx nnnx rxon n yrnx naoon nnxnro n nro ocroxa
nonnt noxo s ronxonarnx cnonnnn tn nouac rax x nnosmoxn, xax cronx s
nosymno asnxn. Kora nxcan Maxoncxn nnnnnman cno sanonarntnt
noxo, n ro cnnr tnn camt snamnnrt ronxonarnn cnonnnn. Ioo n,
acnonoxnnt rora m na ocron, oxasan nam raxo xocrno conornnnnn, uro on
noymtnan yx o orxas or ro ocat. o nor onaxt noutm on ynnn no cn rannymmnx
n rnym] carnon n, xora accxasan +ro cnonnnn ronxonarnm, ysnan, uro my
nnmarcx noa na rooom. n nnxasan nocxam nacrynart n nsxn n. rot ysnart
yym, +rycxn n nmnxn nontsonannct yrnmn mroamn, no n runn ncro +nnnncxo-
nmcxoro nnoa ronxonann cnonnnn xyntrnnnonanoct n ntcoxo nnnnoct. s
nnraryt, sannmanmcx +rnmn nonocamn, o nac omno, no xan m, rnanno
nonsnnn - Knnra rmnoa ns annca, xorooro ornocxr xo nmnn nmnaroa
nana. Kax norom cnyunnoct, uro ncxyccrno ronxonannx cnonnnn nnmno n ynaox n
cnonnnnm ncrann onxrt, x n mory nam cxasart. ocnmnn n morno ctrart ryr
ontmym ont, nt rmno cnnxont coxannno n rom x nn roaso on
acynt nmn, um anrnuno ronxonann cnonnnn. crarcx xoncrarnonart, uro
nnrc x cnonnnnm nocrnnno onycrnncx o cynnx n mor ocrartcx rontxo cn
noasonanntx nm. ocnn snoynornnn ronxonannm cnonnnn naxonr cx
n namn nn n nontrx ysnart ns cnon
uncna, xorot cnyr ntramnrt nn nr n noro. anornn, conmnnax rounax nayxa
cnona nnynact x cnonnnnxm, no rontxo c namnnm nonnrt na nnx cnon
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]nsnonornucxn ronn. V nau cnonnnn, xonuno, cunrarcx n ncnxnucxnm axrom, a
noxnnnnm n ymnno xnsnn comarnucxnx asaxnn. nnn n 17 r. oxnnn
cnonnnn "]nsnucxnm nonccom, no ncx cnyuaxx cnonsntm, no mnornx x nxmo-raxn
onsnnntm, or xorooro mnonax yma n ccmrn orcroxr rax x anxo, xax ronyo
+]n or saocm conxxamn ncuano nonxnocrn n camo rnyoxo onnn" (Binz, 17,
35). Mon (Maury, 17, 50) cannnnar ro c cnoxountmn nornnannxmn nnxcxn cn.
nrra n nornnononoxnocrt xoonnnonanntm nnxnnxm nomantnoro unonxa; crao
cannnn nononr naannnt mxy coxannm cnonnnnx n snyxamn, xorot
nonsnnn t "cxrt nantnn ncnymro n mystx unonxa, xacammrocx nncrymnra"
(trumpell, 177, 4).
onxonart - snaunr narn cxtrt cmtcn; nn raxo x onnx cnonnnnx o +rom,
xonuno, n moxr trt n un. ocmornr onncann cnonnnnx y ynra (174), onx
(196) n yrnx on nosnnx ]nnoco]on; c nntm nnnnsnrt cnonnnn onn
onontcrnymrcx nuncnnnm orxnonnn noncxoxmnx no cn nonccon or mtmnnnx n
cocroxnnn ocrnonannx, ormuamr acna acconnann, orxas or xnrnxn, ncxnmunn ncro
snannx n yrn nnsnaxn nonnxnno aorocnoconocrn ncnxnxn. nncrnnno nnnt
]axrt nx nonnmannx cnonnnnx, xorotmn mt oxsant rouno nayx, ann nccnonannx
nnnxnnx ]nsnucxnx asaxnn, crnymmnx no nmx cna, na coxann cnonnnnx.
Mt acnonaram nymx roncrtmn romamn +xcnnmnrantntx nccnonann cnonnnn
nanno ymmro nonxcxoro anroa, x. Moynn onta (n 1910 n 1912 rr. nnnt na
nmnxn xstx), n xorotx nsnaramrcx nourn ncxnmunrntno syntrart nsyunnx
nsmnnn nonoxnnx xonunocr. x nam acxnannnamr xax oasn nccnonannx
cnonnnn. Moxr c rnt ncrannrt, uro t cxasann ncrannrnn rouno nayxn,
cnn t onn ysnann, uro mt xornm nontrartcx narn cmtcn cnonnnn? osmoxno, onn yx
+ro n cxasann. o mt n anm cx sanyrart. cnn omnount crnnx moryr nmrt cmtcn,
ro n cnonnnnx rox, a omnount crnnx n ount mnornx cnyuaxx nmmr cmtcn, xorot
ycxontsar or nccnonannx rountmn mroamn. nsnam x cx rontxo croonnnxamn
naccyxon nnnx n nocroro naoa n nom no cronam anrnuntx ronxonarn
cnonnnn.
nx mnnx nonmt mt nx ncro onxnt connrnonartcx, oosrt n omm
ncm onacrt cnonnnn. t uro raxo cnonnnn (raum)? ro ryno onnnrt n
onom nnoxnnn. o mt n n ntramcx anart onnnn ram, r ocrarouno yxasannx
na omnsncrnt marnan. naxo nam cnonano t ntnnrt n cnonnnnn
cymcrnnno. I x ro moxno narn? +ro onacrn nmmr mcro raxn nnoxrnt
asnnunx, asnnunx no ncm nnnnxm. ymcrnnntm yr, noxany, ro, uro mt moxm
cunrart omnm nx ncx cnonnnn.
o ncxxom cnyua, nno, uro onnxr nc cnonnnnx, - +ro ro, uro mt nn +rom
cnnm. unnno, nnrt cnonnnnx (raume) no nmx cna (chlaI) xnnxrcx ymnno
xnsntm, xoroax nmr nsncrnt ananornn c raxono n cocroxnnn ocrnonannx n n ro x
nmx onayxnnar sxn ornnunx or n. 3ro onnnn tno yx ano ncrornm.
osmoxno, uro mxy cnonnnnm n cnom cymcrnymr m on nnsxn ornomnnx. r
cnonnnnx moxno nocnyrtcx, ount uacro cnonnnn nosnnxar nn cnonrannom
noyxnnn, nn nacnntcrnnnom naymnnn sactnannx. axnm oasom, cnonnnn, no-
nnnmomy, xnnxrcx nomxyrountm cocroxnnm mxy cnom n ocrnonannm. raxom
cnyua nam nnxonrcx oarnrtcx xo cny. ro x raxo con?
3ro ]nsnonornucxax n nonornucxax nonma, n xoroo m mnoro cnonoro. Mt n
moxm sct nnuro cxasart oxonuarntno, no x nonaram, moxno nontrartcx art
ncnxonornucxym xaaxrncrnxy cna. on - +ro cocroxnn, n xoroom x nnuro n xouy snart
o nnmnm mn, mo nnrc x nmy yracar. noryxamct n con, orxox or nnmnro mna,
saxnnax ro asaxnnx. sactnam raxx, cnn x or nro ycran. 3actnax, x xax t
ronom nnmnmy mny: "crant mnx n noxo, x xouy cnart". nox saxnnxr
nornnononoxno: " n noy cnart, x m n ycran, x xouy m uro-nnyt nxnrt".
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axnm oasom, nonornucxo nntm cna, no-nnnmomy, xnnxrcx ortx, ro
ncnxonornucxnm nnsnaxom - norx nnrca x mny. am ornomnn x mny, n xorot
mt rax noxorno nnmnn, xaxrcx, ncr c coo ro, uro mt n moxm ro ntnocnrt
nntnno. o+romy mt nmx or nmnn nosnamamcx n cocroxnn, n xoroom
naxonnnct o noxnnnnx na cnr, r. . no nnyrnyrono cymcrnonann.1 Mt cosam, no
xan m, conmnno ananornunt ycnonnx, xorot tnn rora: rnno, rmno n nnuro
n asaxar. xorot m cnoaunnamrcx n xnyoux n nnnnmamr no cn raxo x
nonoxnn rna, xax n yro marn. Mt ntrnxnm rax, xax yro or nac, nsocntx, n mn
ocrarcx rontxo n rrn, a ona rrt noom m n
----------------------------------------
1 Vrnxnn ua, yro cocroxnn cna noono romy, n xom nnnnn naxonncx "n
nno yronoro cymcrnonannx", ornrarcx conmnntm nayuntm snannm o
axrnnnocrn mosra n +rom cocroxnnn, o ]asax "tcroro cna", conxxnntx c nsmnnnm
xarnnt noroxon mosra, nnxnnxmn rnasonnrarntntx mtmn n .
onnact. Kaxo noyxnn yrom xnnxrcx xax t nontm oxnnm. cocroxnnn
nocn cna mt ax rononm: x xax yro nnont onncx, xorx nn +rom mt, noxrno, nam
nctma nnannntno nnonoxnn o omm camouyncrnnn nonooxnnoro. crt
ocnonannx nnonarart, uro on uyncrnyr cx, cxo ncro, ount nymrno. oxnnn
mt raxx rononm: ynnrt cnr.
cnn con nonnmart nmnno rax, ro cnonnnn noom n nxonr n ro norammy, a
xaxrcx cxo xaxo-ro nxnarntno nnmctm. Mt ax cunram, uro con s
cnonnnn - nyumn n nncrnnno nannntnt. o cn n onxno trt nnxaxo ymnno
xrntnocrn; cnn x ona nc-raxn noncxonr, ro mt n ocrnram cocroxnnx aconmrnoro
noxox; or ocrarxon ymnno xrntnocrn nntsx nonnocrtm ocnoonrtcx. 3rn ocrarxn n
crt cnonnnnx. o rora crnnrntno xaxrcx, uro cnonnnnm n nyxn cmtcn. n
omnountx crnnxx no ocroxno nnau; +ro tnn nc-raxn crnnx no nmx
ocrnonannx. o cnn x cnnm, concm ocranonnn ymnnym xrntnocrt n rontxo
onnnnt ocrarxn n cmor noannrt, +ro m n snaunr, uro +rn ocrarxn nmmr cmtcn.
a mn n n nyxn +ror cmtcn, rax xax nt nc ocrantno n mo ymnno xnsnn cnnr. yr
crnnrntno ut moxr nrn rontxo o cyooxntx axnnxx, rontxo o raxnx ncnxnucxnx
]nomnax, xorot nxmo cnymr sa comarnucxnm asaxnnm. rax, cnonnnnx xax
yro xnnxmrcx mmammnmn cny ocrarxamn ymnno xnsnn nn ocrnonannn, n mt
moxm nnont nnrn x saxnmunnm, uro cnyr ocrannrt +ry nnoxoxmym nx
ncnxoanannsa rmy.
n ro x nmx, xax t cnonnnn nn xasanoct nsnnmnnm, ono nc-raxn cymcrnyr, n
mt moxm nontrartcx nonxrt nnunnt ro cymcrnonannx. oumy ymnnax xnsnt n
nxamarcx concm? oxrno, noromy, uro uro-ro n ar ym noxox. a n crnymr
asaxnrnn, n ona na nnx arnyr. axnm oasom, cnonnnn - +ro cnoco
arnonannx ymn na crnymmn no cn asaxnrnn. nt y nac crt onnnnt
noxo x nonnmannm cnonnnnx. accmarnnax asnnunt cnonnnnx, mt moxm ncxart
+rn mmammn cny asaxnrnn, na xorot unonx arnyr cnonnnnm. or mt n
ormrnnn nno, uro onnxr nc cnonnnnx.
crt nn y nnx m uro-nnyt om? a, ncomnnno, no ro ryn nonxrt n onncart.
ymnnt noncct no nmx cna nocxr concm yro xaaxr, um nn ocrnonannn.
cnonnnnn mnoro nxnnamt n n +ro nnmt, xorx na camom n nnuro n
nxnnamt, xom, noxany, xaxoro-ro mmammro asaxnnx. nonnnn
nxnnarcx nnmymcrnnno n snrntntx oasax; nn +rom moryr nosnnxart n uyncrna,
n ax mtcnn, yrn orant uyncrn moryr rox uro-ro ncntrtnart, no nonaamr nc-
raxn snrntnt oast. 3arynnnx nn nau cnonnnnx noncxoxr oruacrn noromy,
uro +rn oast nyxno nncrn n cnona. mor t +ro nanconart, uacro rononr nnnmn
con, no x n snam, xax +ro ntasnrt cnonamn. ocrnnno ronox, +ro n xnnxrcx cnnxnnm
ncnxnucxo xrntnocrn, xax y cnaoymntx no cannnnm c rnnantntmn nmtmn; +ro uro-
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ro xaucrnnno yro, no ryno cxasart, n um saxnmuarcx asnnun. I. . uxn 1
ntcxasan xax-
----------------------------------------
1 uxn I. . (101-17) - cosarnt rax nastnamo ncnxo]nsnxn, no xoroo on
nonnman nayxy o saxonomnocrxx, xorotm nounnna cnxst mxy ncnxnucxnmn n
]nsnucxnmn xnnnnxmn. Konxrnt nccnonannx uxna nnnnn x ycranonnnnm
saxona, cornacno xoroomy nnrncnnnocrt omymnnx crt nnnunna, nononnonantnax
noran]my ]nsnucxoro asaxnnx. uxn ntnnnyn nm o ocoo ncnxnucxo
+nrnn, xoroax crmnrcx x annoncnomy cocroxnnm n n cnyua asxxn ntstnar y
unonxa uyncrno yonontcrnnx. 3ra nx tna nocnnnxra uom.
ro nnonoxnn, uro mcro (n ym), r astrtnamrcx cnonnnnx, nno, um mcro
cymcrnonannx ncrannnn nn ocrnonannn. ana, mt +roro n nonnmam, n snam,
uro no +romy nonoy ymart, no nnuarnnn uyxocrn, xoroo nonsnoxr ontmnncrno
cnonnnn, sct crnnrntno narcx. annnn xrntnocrn cnonnnnx c
crnnxmn nmystxantno yxn raxx n nomorar. t nnannno n nmom cnyua ornrnr
rmn x snyxamn, nycrt n n mnonxmn, xax rontxo xro-nnyt cnyuano xocnrcx ro
xnannm. 3ry nroym omym ury ncx cnonnnn, xax t ona nn tna nnonxrna, anar
n ym ynycxart ns nny.
crt nn m yrn omn urt? n naxoxy ontm nn ono, ncmy nnxy rontxo
asnnunx, nnum no ncx ornomnnxx, - xax n ornomnnn xaxymcx nnrntnocrn, rax n
roro, uro xacarcx urxocrn, yuacrnx a]]xron, coxannnx n namxrn n r. n. c noncxonr,
cocrnnno ronox, concm n rax, xax mt mornn t oxnart nn ntnyxnnom, nom,
xonnyntcnnnom oraxnnn asaxnnx. ro xacarcx nnrntnocrn cnonnnn, ro crt
ount xoorxn, coxamn ony nnn ncxontxo xarnn, ony mtcnt nnn ax rontxo ono
cnono; yrn, nnoxrno orart coxannm, ncrannxmr coo nnt omant n, no-
nnnmomy, nxrcx onro. crt cnonnnnx orurnnnt, xax nxnnannx |nn
ocrnonannn|, nacrontxo orurnnnt, uro mt xaxo-ro nmx nocn noyxnnx n
nnsnam nx sa cnonnnnx, yrn x nnoxrno cnat, acnntnuart, xax rnn; n onom
n rom x cnonnnnn ount xxn mcra moryr cmnxrtcx na ynonnmtmn n nxcntmn.
nonnnnx moryr trt ocmtcnnntmn nnn no xan m cnxsntmn, ax ocroymntmn,
]anracrnucxn nxacntmn; yrn x cnyranntmn, xax t cnaoymntmn, acyntmn,
uacro ax symntmn. tnamr cnonnnnx, xorot ocrannxmr nac annoymntmn, yrn
nonnt ncxxnx a]]xron, ontm o cns, craxom nnnort o noyxnnx, ynnnnnm,
nocrorom n r. . ontmnncrno cnonnnn nocn noyxnnx satnarcx, nnn x onn
coxanxmrcx nnt nt, no x nuy ncnomnnamrcx nc cna n c nonamn; yrn,
nannm rcxn, cnonnnnx, coxanxmrcx nacrontxo xoomo, uro n cnycrx 30 nr m
cnxn n namxrn. nonnnnx, xax nnnnnt, moryr xnnrtcx onn-nncrnnnt as n
nnxora ontm n noxnnxrtcx, nnn onn nonroxmrcx y onoro n roro x nnna s nsmnnn
nnn c nontmnmn orcrynnnnxmn. Koou ronox, +ra nounax xrntnocrt ymn nmr
oromnt nrya, moxr, cocrnnno, nonart nc, uro yma rnonr nm, no +ro nc-
raxn n ro x camo.
Moxno tno t nontrartcx oxcnnrt +ro mnorooasn cnonnnn, nnonoxnn, uro
onn coornrcrnymr asnnuntm nomxyrountm cranxm mxy cnom n ocrnonannm,
asnnuntm crnnxm nrnyoxoro cna. a, no rora nmcr c nontmnnm snaunmocrn,
coxarntnocrn n orurnnnocrn cnonnnnx onxno tno t ycnnnnartcx nonnmann roro,
uro +ro - cnonnnn, rax xax nn raxnx cnonnnnxx yma nnsxa x noyxnnm, n n
morno trt rax, uro ncn sa xcno n asymno uacrtm cnonnnnx mna t ccmtcnnnax
nnn nxcnax, a sa n - onxrt xoomo asaorannax uacrt. ax tcro yma n morna t,
xonuno, nsmnxrt rnynny cna. rax, +ro oxcnnn nnuro n ar; nc n rax nocro.
rxaxmcx noxa or |nonmt| "cmtcna" cnonnnnx n nontramcx nyum nonxrt
cnonnnnx, ncxox
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ns nx omnx ur. s ornomnnx cnonnnn x cocroxnnm cna mt saxnmunnn, uro
cnonnnn xnnxrcx axnn na mmamm cny asaxnn. Kax mt yx snam, +ro
nncrnnnt momnr, r nam na nomomt moxr nnrn rounax +xcnnmnrantnax
ncnxonornx; ona nnnonr oxasarntcrna roro, uro asaxnnx, nonsnnnt no nmx
cna, noxnnxmrcx n cnonnnnn. Mnoro raxnx ontron tno nocrannno yx ynomxnyrtm
Moynn ontom; xaxt ns nac n cocroxnnn nornnrt +ror syntrar na ocnonannn
nnunoro nanmnnx. nx coomnnx x nty nxorot on crat +xcnnmnrt. Mon
(17) nonsnonn raxn ontrt na camnm coo. my anann nonmxart no cn oxonon. n
nnn no cn, uro on n Kan n nanx oranna Manx uanna, n an cnonann nnoxrnt
nnxnmunnx. nn ro ymnnnynn cnrxa sa sartnox: my cnnrcx nanoxnnt natnno
nnacrtt n nau, nunnmn ro n rcrn. nn my nannnn na no xannm not. ora on
oxasancx n rannn, cnntno norn n nnn no nnno nnro.
o, uro nam ocarcx n rnasa n +rnx +xcnnmnrantno ntsnanntx cnonnnnxx, yr,
moxr trt, xcn ns yrnx nnmon cnonnnn, ntsnanntx nnmnnm asaxnrnm.
3ro rn cnonnnnx, o xorotx coomnn ocroymnt nanmarnt Inntanr (175); nc
onn xnnxmrcx axnnxmn na snon ynntnnxa.
"rax, ncnnnm yrom x ny rynxrt n y snnmmnmn nonxmn n cocnmm nnm,
ram x nnxy xnrn nnn n nasnnuntx nnartxx c monnrnnnnxamn n yxax, ontmo
ronno nanannxmmnxcx n nxont. y a, nt cronx nocxcnt, n cxoo naunrcx
annxx onx. mam nnnxrt n n yuacrn, no cnauana oroxnyrt na oxyxammm
nxont xnanm, rax xax x nmnoro asroxun. nrax sct asnnunt naront
nanncn, x cntmy, xax snonat
nonnmarcx na xonoxontnm n nnxy nanxy manntxn nncxn xonoxon, xorot
onxn nosncrnrt nauano orocnyxnnx. xoroo nmx on nncnr nnonnxno, sarm
naunnar xonartcx - n nyr asamrcx ro romxn nonsnrntnt snyxn, raxn romxn n
nonsnrntnt, uro x noctnamct. 3nyxn, onaxo, ncxoxr or ynntnnxa".
"roax xomnnannx. cnt snmnn nt; na ynnnax cyrot. cornacnncx nnnxrt
yuacrn n norynx na canxx, no ntnyxn onro xart, noxa mn coomar, uro cann y noor.
3arm cnymr nnroronnnnx x romy, urot yccrtcx, - nanarcx mya, ocrarcx noxno
mmox; naxonn x cnxy na cnom mcr. o ors m saxnnarcx, noxa noxxamn n
arcx snax nrnnnntm nomaxm. or onn roramrcx c mcra; cnntno rxcymncx
xonoxontunxn naunnamr cnom snamnnrym xntuacxym mystxy c raxo cnno, uro nayrnna
cna momnrantno nrcx. nxrt +ro n uro nno, xax sxn snon ynntnnxa".
" rrn nnm! nnxy cyomoxy, noxoxmym no xonoy n crononym c
ncxontxnmn mxnnamn ranox, nocrannnntx ona na yrym. Mn xaxrcx, uro xononna
]a]oa n yxax nor-nor norxr annoncn. morn, ronom x, nct rys nonrnr na
smnm. asymrcx, cnyr nnsxno nosaxnn: x yx nnntxna x noonomy n r. .,
mxy rm x nc m n cnycxam cnoxonoro nsrnxa c nym. n camom n, na noor
ona cnortxarcx, n xynxax nocya c rcxom n snonom asnrarcx no nony. o +ro
cxonuno noonxammncx snon, xax x cxoo samuam, n rcx, a nacroxmn snon, n
nnnonnnxom ro, xax yx nonnmar noctnammncx, xnnxrcx ynntnnx".
3rn cnonnnnx onontno ntasnrntnt, conmnno ocmtcnnnt, nonc n rax
ccnxsnt, xax +ro otuno cnocrnnno cnonnnnxm. Mt n ym no+romy uro-nno
nosaxart no nx nonoy. m n nnx ro, uro
nc onn xonuamrcx mymom, xorot nn noyxnnn oxastnarcx snonom ynntnnxa.
Mt nnnm sct, xax nonsnonrcx cnonnnn, no ysnam raxx xo-uro yro. nonnnn
n ysnar ynntnnxa - on n n noxnnxrcx n cnonnnnn, - no ono samnxr snon ynntnnxa
yrnm, ono ronxyr asaxnn, xoroo naymar con, no ronxyr ro xaxt as no-
asnomy. oumy rax? a +ror nonoc nr ornra, +ro xaxrcx nonsnontntm. o nonxrt
cnonnnn osnauano t yxasart, noumy nmnno +ror mym, a n nnxaxo yro ntnarcx
nx oosnaunnx asaxnnx or ynntnnxa. onmnno ananornuntm oasom moxno
nosasnrt nornn +xcnnmnron Mon: nonsnnno asaxnn noxnnxrcx no cn, no
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noumy nmnno n +ro ]om, +roro nntsx ysnart n +ro, no-nnnmomy, concm n ntrxar ns
nnot naymammro con asaxnnx. K romy x n ontrax Mon x nnoccrnnnomy
crnnm asaxnnx nnconnxrcx oromno xonnucrno yroro marnana cnonnnnx,
nannm symnt nnxnmunnx n cnonnnnn c oxononom, nx xorotx nr oxcnnnx.
o nnmnr no nnnmann, uro nsyunn cnonnnnx c noyxnnm acr nannyumn
manct nx ycranonnnnx nnnxnnx nnmnnx asaxnn, naymammnx con. ontmnncrn
yrnx cnyuan +ro ryn. octnamrcx n or ncx cnonnnn, n cnn yrom ncnomnnrt
nouno cnonnnn, ro xax moxno narn ro naymamm asaxnn, xoroo crnonano
noutm? naxt mn yanoct nosx ycranonnrt raxo asaxammn mym, no, xonuno,
rontxo naroax ocotm ocroxrntcrnam. Kax-ro yrom x nocnyncx n ronom rnontcxom
mcrux c ynnnocrtm, uro x nnn no cn, yro ym nmcxn nana. n mor oxcnnrt
c cnonnnnx, no sarm mox xna cnocnna mnx: "t cntman cronx nnx x yry
yxacnt xonoxontnt snon, asananmncx no ncx nxnax n xannnax?" r, x nnuro n
cntman, mo con tn on xnxnm, no x nonxn naroax +romy coomnnm cno
cnonnnn. Kax uacro raxn asaxnnx moryr ntstnart y cnxmro cnonnnnx, n ro nmx
xax on o nnx nnuro n snar? Moxr trt, ount uacro, moxr trt, n nr. cnn nr
nosmoxnocrn oxasart nannun asaxnnx, ro nntsx n ynrtcx n nm. o nt mt n s
+roro orxasannct or onnxn naymammnx con nnmnnx asaxnn c rx no, xax mt
ysnann, uro onn moryr oxcnnrt rontxo uacrt cnonnnnx, a n nc ro nnnxom.
o+romy nam n cnyr concm orxastnartcx or +ro ronn. on roro, ona moxr
narn cno antnm asnnrn. onmnno sasnnuno, um naymarcx con, a yma
noyxarcx x cnonnnnm. ncra +ro moxr trt uyncrnnno asaxnn, ncxoxm
nsnn, nnora +ro asaxnn, ncxoxm ns nnyrnnnx oranon, rax nastnamo
orannucxo asaxnn. ocnn nnonoxnn nanamnnarcx camo coo, ono
coornrcrnyr raxx camtm acnocrannntm nsrnxam na nosnnxnonnn cnonnnn.
acro nnxonrcx cntmart, uro cnonnnnx nosnnxamr n cnxsn c cocroxnnm xnyxa. K
coxannnm, n n +rom cnyua nnxonrcx rontxo nnonarart, tno nn noutm xaxo-nno
nnyrnn asaxnn, xoroo nocn noyxnnx nnosmoxno onnnrt, n noromy
crnn raxoro asaxnnx ocrarcx noxasymtm. o n ym ocrannxrt s nnnmannx
ror ]axr, uro mnorn ocronnt nanmnnx nornxamr nosnnxnonnn cnonnnn or
asaxnn nnyrnnnx oranon. omm ncomnnno, uro cocroxnn nnyrnnnx oranon
moxr nnnxrt na cnonnnnx. nxst mxy nxorotm coxannm cnonnnnx n
nnonnnnm mounoro nystx nnn nosyxnntm cocroxnnm nonontx oranon o roro
ounnna, uro nnosmoxno ornnart. r +rnx xcntx cnyuan moxno nrn x yrnm, n
xorotx coxann cnonnnnx, no xan m, nosnonxr onnnno nnonoxnrt,
uro raxn asaxnnx nnyrnnnx oranon oxasann cno crnn, rax xax n +rom
coxannn crt uro-ro, uro moxno nonxrt xax naorxy, oroaxnn, ronxonann +rnx
asaxnn. ccnonarnt cnonnnn n (cherner, 161) oconno nacrounno
orcrannan rouxy snnx na noncxoxnn cnonnnn or asaxnn nnyrnnnx oranon
n nnnn romy ncxontxo nxacntx nnmon. ax, nannm, n cnonnnnn "na xa
xacnntx mantunxon c noxytmn nonocamn n nxntm nnrom nnna croxr yr nornn yra
c xnannm oortcx, ocamrcx yr na yra, ona croona nanaar na yrym, o
croont onxrt acxoxrcx, sannmamr nxn nonoxnn, n nc nonroxrcx cnauana", on
ronxyr +rn xt mantunxon xax syt, coornrcrnymmn yr yry, n ono naxonr nonno
nornxnn, xora nocn +ro cnnt nnxmn con "ntrxrnnar ns unmcrn nnnnt sy".
onxonann o "nnnntx, ysxnx, nsnnnncrtx xoax", no-nnnmomy, rox nno yxastnar na
xnmuno asaxnn n nornxar nonoxnn na o rom, uro cnonnnn nx
ncro craarcx nsoasnrt ntstnammn asaxnn oran noxoxnmn na nro nmramn.
rax, mt, onxno trt, roront yx nnsnart, uro nnyrnnn asaxnnx moryr nrart
n cnonnnnn raxym x ont, xax n nnmnn. K coxannnm, nx onnnnann ntstnar r x
nosaxnnx. ontmom uncn cnyuan ronxonann asaxnnx nnyrnnnx oranon
nnaxno nnn soxasarntno, n nc cnonnnnx, no rontxo onnnnax nx uacrt
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nosnnxar nn yuacrnn asaxnnx nnyrnnnx oranon, n, naxonn, asaxnn
nnyrnnnx oranon, rax x xax n nnmn uyncrnnno asaxnn, n cocroxnnn oxcnnrt
ns cnonnnnx n ontm, um nnoccrnnnym axnnm na asaxnn. rxya rcx
ocrantnax uacrt cnonnnnx, ocrarcx nxcntm.
rmrnm c, onaxo, cnooasn xnsnn cnonnnn, xoroo ntxnnxrcx nn
nsyunnn asaxammnx noscrnn. nonnnn n nocro nar asaxnn, ono
naartnar ro, namxar na nro, crannr ro n onnnnym cnxst, samnxr um-ro
yrnm. 3ro ona croona aort cnonnnnx, xoroax onxna nac sannrconart, noromy
uro ona, nosmoxno, nnx nonr nac x cymnocrn cnonnnnx: cnn xro-ro nar uro-
nnyt no noyxnnm, ro +rnm noyxnnm no n orannunnarcx. ama Maxr
xcnna, nannm, nosnnxna xax ntca no cnyuam roro, uro na ncron nsomn xoont,
nnnt onnnnmn rn crant no cno xoono. o asn +ror ncronucxn nono
ncuntnar nc coxann amt, oxcnxr nam nnnun n saraxn? osmoxno,
crnymmn na cnxmro nnmnn n nnyrnnn asaxnnx rox rontxo noynrnn
cnonnnnx, nnuro n ronoxmn nam o ro cymnocrn.
yro om cnonnnnxm xaucrno - ro ncnxnucxax oconnocrt, c ono croont,
ryno ynonnma, a c yro - n ar ornanno rouxn nx antnmro nccnonannx.
cnonnnnn mt n ontmnncrn cnyuan uro-ro nxnnam n nnsyantntx ]omax. Moryr nn
asaxnnx art +romy oxcnnn? crnnrntno nn +ro ro asaxnn, xoroo mt
nxnnam? oumy x rora nxnnann nnsyantno, cnn asaxnn rnas noncxonr
rontxo n camtx xnx cnyuaxx? nn cnyr onycrnrt, uro xora nam cnxrcx un, ro no
nmx cna mt cntmnm asrono nnn noont my mym? 3ry nosmoxnocrt x nosnonm c co
nc mnrntnocrtm ornrnyrt.
cnn nsyunn omnx ur cnonnnn n moxr nomout nam n antnmnx
nccnonannxx, ro, nosmoxno, cronr oarnrtcx x nsyunnm nx asnnun. ana,
cnonnnnx uacro ccmtcnnnt, sanyrannt, acynt; no crt n ocmtcnnnt, rsnt
(ntchterne), asymnt. ocmornm, n cmoryr nn nocnnn, ocmtcnnnt, asxcnnrt nam
nnt, ccmtcnnnt. oomy nam asymno cnonnnn, accxasanno mn onnm
monotm unonxom. " rynxn no Krnmracc, ncrrnn rocnonna X., x xoroomy
nnconnnncx na xaxo-ro nmx, norom nomn n croan. 3a monm cronnxom cnnn n
amt n onn rocnonn. cnauana ount accnncx na +ro n n xorn na nnx cmorrt.
orom nsrnxnyn n namn, uro onn nctma mnnt". nnmn con samuar nn +rom, uro
nuom n cnom crnnrntno rynxn no Krnmracc, +ro ro otunt nyrt, n
ncrrnn rocnonna X. yrax uacrt cnonnnnx n xnnxrcx nxmtm nocnomnnannm, no
nmr onnnno cxocrno c nannnm nxnnannm. nn yro "rsno" cnonnnn
ono amt. " myx cnamnnar: n nacronrt nn nnannno? na ornuar: n cronr, nx
nro nc anno nyxno cnart nont uxon". 3ro cnonnnn nonroxr nourn s nsmnnn
asrono, noncmmn sa nt o cnonnnnx mxy myxm n m. my x yuar nac +rn na
"rsntx" cnonnnnx? ontxo romy, uro n nnx moxno narn nonronnx ns nnno xnsnn
nnn ns cnxs c n. 3ro tno t snaunmo, cnn t ornocnnoct xo ncm cnonnnnxm. o o
+rom n moxr trt n un; +ro ornocnrcx rontxo x nontmomy uncny cnonnnn, n
ontmnncrn x nx nntsx narn cnxs c ntymnm nm, a ccmtcnnnt n acynt
cnonnnnx +rnm noom nnxax n oxcnxmrcx. Mt snam rontxo, uro cranxnnamcx c
nontmn nonmamn. Mt n rontxo xornm snart, o um rononr cnonnnn, no ax n rx
cnyuaxx, xora ono, xax n ntmnnnnntx nnmax, xcno ntaxno, mt xornm snart
raxx, noumy n saum nonroxrcx +ro snaxomo, rontxo uro nxnro.
nonaram, uro nt, xax n x, rontxo ycranr, noonxax noont +xcnnmnrt. Mt
nnnm, uro nocrarouno onoro nnrca x nonm, cnn n snart nyrn, xorot nnnn
t x mnnm. oxa y nac +roro nyrn nr. 3xcnnmnrantnax ncnxonornx n ana nam
nnuro, xom nxorotx ount nnntx anntx o snaunnn asaxnn xax noynrn
cnonnnn. r ]nnoco]nn nam nuro xart, xom ntcoxomntx ynxon n
nnrnnxryantno manonnnocrn namro oxra; y oxxyntrntx nayx mt n camn n xornm
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nnuro sanmcrnonart.1 cronx n naonax monna ronoxr nam, uro cnonnnn nonno cmtcna
n snaunnx, ono nnnnr yym; +ro, onaxo, ryno nnonoxnrt n, xonuno,
nnosmoxno oxasart. axnm oasom, nn nno x nontrx mt oxasannct nonnocrtm
cnomomnt.
oxnanno nomomt nnxonr x nam orrya, orxya mt n n noosnann. namm
cnonoynornnnn, xoroo anxo n cnyuano, a xnnxrcx ntaxnnm nnro nosnannx,
xorx ro n nao onnnnart c ocrooxnocrtm, - n namm xstx crt nnmuarntno
ntaxnn "cnt naxny" (agtrume). nt naxny xnnxmrcx ]anrasnxmn (noyxramn
]anrasnn); +ro ount acnocrannnt ]nomnt, nanmamt xax y soontx, rax n y
ontntx n nrxo ocrynnt nx nsyunnx na c. amo ynnnrntno n +rnx
]anracrnucxnx oasonannxx ro, uro onn coxannnn nasna-
----------------------------------------
1 Ionox o rom, uro ncnxoananns nnuro n sanmcrnyr y oxxyntrntx nayx, u nmn n
nny nnnxrn nn ronxonannn cnonnnn asnnuntx mncrnucxnx ncrannnn o
sanncnmocrn +roro ]nomna or ocotx ranncrnnntx cnn, nocrynntx nayunomy ontry n
annonantnomy anannsy. onoc o ornomnnn ncnxoanannsa x oxxyntrnsmy (n cnxsn c
nonocom o cnonnnnxx) u rantno accmarnnar n "oonxnnn nxnnn".
nn "cnon naxny", n nmx nyx omnx nx ncx cnonnnn ur. Vx nx nasnann
nornnounr ornomnnm x cocroxnnm cna, a uro xacarcx nroo om urt, ro n nnx
nnuro n nxnnarcx, n rannmnnnnyrcx, a uro-ro ncrannxrcx: cosnamt, uro
]anrasnymt, n nnnmt, no ymamt. 3rn cnt naxny noxnnxmrcx n nosacr,
nmcrnymmm nonono snocrn, uacro yx n nosnm rcrn, coxanxmrcx n rot
snocrn, sarm or nnx nno orxastnamrcx, nno onn ocramrcx o ncranoro nosacra.
oxann +rnx ]anrasn oycnonnno nnonn xcno mornnann. 3ro cnnt n
noncmcrnnx, n xorotx naxoxr cno yonnrnonn +roncrnucxn, ucronmnnt n
nnacronmnnt nornocrn nnn +ornucxn xnannx nnunocrn. V monotx myxunn
otuno nonaamr ucronmnnt ]anrasnn, y xnmnn, ucronmn xorotx
orannunnarcx nmonntmn ycnxamn, - +ornucxn. o onontno uacro n y myxunn
onayxnnarcx +ornucxax noxnaxa; nc rocxn nocrynxn n ycnxn onxnt
cnococrnonart nocxnmnnm n narocxnonnocrn xnmnn.1 noum, cnt naxny ount
asnooasnt, n nx cyta asnnuna. Kaxt ns nnx us xoorxo nmx nnn otnarcx n
samnxrcx nontm, nnn onn coxanxmrcx, cnnramrcx n nnnnt ncronn n
----------------------------------------
1 amaxct x nonccam nooaxnnx n nx asnnuntx ]omax, u nrnonyr nnn,
no ncxxom cnyua, n nnar snaunnx nonocy o coornomnnn mxy +rnmn ncnxnucxnmn
nonccamn n nocnonsnonmtmn n nnx (xorx n n ranc]omnonannom nn) cnxsxmn
antntx, nsanncnmtx or cosnannx nnunocrn n ro nocosnanamtx ycranonox oxron
antnoro mna. coxannn n cmtcn noyxron xrntnocrn ]anrasnn on axnnrnyr
nnmt ony croony - yonnrnonn nornocrn nnn +ornucxnx xnann nnnnna. 3ro
nnsxno nr x onocroonn n noromy naxnarno nnrnrannn nnunocrnoro
cmtcna ncrannnn nooaxnnx.
nncnocannnamrcx x nsmnxmmnmcx xnsnnntm ocroxrntcrnam. nn nyr, rax
cxasart, n nory co nmnm n nonyuamr "nuart nmnn" no nnnxnnm nono cnryannn.
nn xnnxmrcx cttm marnanom nx no+rnucxoro rnoucrna, noromy uro ns cnon naxny
no+r cosar nyrm noasonann, nnox n ncxnmunn cnryannn, xorot on
ncnontsyr n cnonx nonnnax, omanax, ntcax.1 o rom cnon naxny ncra xnnxrcx cama
]anrasnymmax nnunocrt nnn nnoccrnnno, nnn n xaxo-nno ounnno nnrn]nxannn
c yrnm nnnom.
Moxr trt, cnt naxny nocxr +ro nasnann ns-sa raxoro x ornomnnx x
crnnrntnocrn, nouxnnax, uro nx coxann rax x mano antno, xax n coxann
cnonnnn. o moxr trt, +ra omnocrt nasnann oycnonnna m nnsncrntm nam
ncnxnucxnm xaaxrom cnonnnnx, rm, xorot mt nmm. osmoxno raxx, uro mt
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noom n nant, xora nnam onnnno snaunn omnocrn nasnann. o +ro
ntxcnnrcx nnmt nosn.
----------------------------------------
1 oono ocyxnn uom ]anrasn n nx ornomnnx x rnoucxomy nonccy
xyoxnnxa coxnrcx n ro annnx aorax "o+r n ]anrasnonann" (190), "crnucxn
]anrasnn n nx ornomnn x ncxcyantnocrn" (190). m. raxx 23-m nxnnm. Vrnxnn
o +ornucxo noxnax "cnon naxny", nymnx x noyxram xyoxcrnnnoro rnoucrna,
ntaxar omym mroonornucxn nnnym ycranonxy ua na ntnnn no+rnucxnx
cosann, nmmmnx oxrnnnym xyntrynym nnnocrt, ns nncrnnxrnnntx noyxnn
nnunocrn.
KH
XK K
Vnaxamt amt n rocnoa! rax, nam nyxn nont noxo, onnnnt mro,
urot cnnnyrtcx c mcra n nsyunnn cnonnnnx. nam ono nocro nnoxnn:
anar ym nnxnnartcx n antnmm nnonoxnnx, uro cnonnnn xnnxrcx n
comarnucxnm, a ncnxnucxnm ]nomnom. ro +ro osnauar, nt snar, no uro ar nam
nano na +ro nnonoxnn? nuro, no nnuro n mmar nam ro cnart. onoc crannrcx
rax: cnn cnonnnn xnnxrcx comarnucxnm ]nomnom, ro nam nr o nro na; ono
nnrcyr nac rontxo nn ycnonnn, uro xnnxrcx ncnxnucxnm ]nomnom. axnm oasom,
mt ym aorart nn ycnonnn, uro +ro crnnrntno rax, urot nocmorrt, uro ns +roro
cnyr. syntrart nam aort noxaxyr, ocranmcx nn mt nn +rom nnonoxnnn n
cmoxm nn cunrart ro, n cnom out, onnnntm syntrarom. ro mt, cocrnnno,
xornm ocrnut, nx uro aoram? Mt xornm roro, x umy noom crmxrcx n nayx, r. .
nonnmannx ]nomnon, ycranonnnnx cnxs mxy nnmn n, n xonunom cur, ram, r +ro
nosmoxno, ycnnnnx nam nnacrn na nnmn.
rax, mt noonxam aory, nnonarax, uro cnonnnn crt ncnxnucxn ]nomn.
+rom cnyua
ono xnnxrcx noyxrom n noxnnnnm nnnmro con, xorot, onaxo, nam nnuro n
rononr, xorot mt n nonnmam. o uro nt yr nart n cnyua, cnn x cxaxy nam uro-
ro nnonxrno? nocnr mnx, n rax nn? oumy nam n cnart ro x camo, n
accnocnrt nnnmro con, uro osnauar ro cnonnnn?
cnomnnr, mt yx tnn onaxt n anno cnryannn. 3ro tno nn nccnonannn
omnountx crnn, n cnyua oronoxn. xro cxasan: Da sind Dinge zum Vorschwein
gekommen, n no +romy nonoy ro cnocnnn - nr, x cuacrtm, n mt, a yrn, conmnno
nnnuacrnt x ncnxoanannsy nmn, - +rn yrn cnocnnn, uro on xorn cxasart anntmn
nnonxrntmn cnonamn. nomnnt roruac x ornrnn, uro on nmn namnn cxasart: das
waren chweinereien (+ro tnn cnnncrna), no noannn +ro namnn nx yroro,
ntaxnnoro on mxrxo. Vx rora x nam saxnnn, uro +ror accnoc xnnxrcx nooasom
nmoro ncnxoanannrnucxoro nccnonannx, n rnt nt nonnmar, uro rxnnxa
ncnxoanannsa saxnmuarcx n rom, urot nonyunrt mnn saraox, nacxontxo +ro nosmoxno,
or camoro ocnymoro. axnm oasom, nnnmn con cam onxn nam cxasart, uro snaunr
ro cnonnnn.
o, xax nsncrno, nn cnonnnnn nc n rax nocro. n omnountx crnnxx +ro
yananoct n nnom x cnyuan, no tnn n cnyuan, xora cnamnnamt nnuro n xorn
rononrt n ax nosmymnno orxnonxn nnoxnnt namn nananr ornra. n cnonnnnn
x cnyuan nnoro oa noom nr; nnnmn con ncra ornuar, uro on nnuro n snar.
rnnart nam ronxonann on n moxr, noromy uro mt my nnuro n moxm nnoxnrt.
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Moxr trt, nam nc x orxasartcx or cno nontrxn? n on, nn mt nnuro n snam, a xro-
ro rrn yx nannxxa nnuro n moxr snart, rax uro y nac, noxany, nr nnxaxo
naxt uro-nno ysnart. ora, cnn xornr, ocrantr +ry nontrxy. cnn nr, moxr
cnonart sa mno. cxaxy nam, uro nctma nosmoxno n ax ount noxrno, uro nnnmn
con nc-raxn snar, uro osnauar ro cnonnnn, on rontxo n snar o cnom snannn n
nonarar no+romy, uro n snar +roro.
t moxr mn samrnrt, uro x onxrt nnoxy nono nnonoxnn, yx nroo n +rom
xoorxom nsnoxnnn, n rm camtm n snaunrntno crnnn crannm no comnnn
ocronnocrt cnoro mroa. rax, nno nnonoxnn saxnmuarcx n rom, uro
cnonnnn crt ncnxnucxn ]nomn, nroo - n rom, uro n ym unonxa cymcrnyr uro-
ro, o um on snar, n snax, uro on o nm snar, n r. . ronr rontxo nnnxrt no nnnmann
nnyrnnmm nnanonoonocrt xaxoro ns +rnx nyx nnonoxnn, urot noom
yrarnrt ncxxn nnrc x ntrxammnm ns nnx ntnoam.
o, ynaxamt amt n rocnoa, x nnrnacnn nac cma n nx roro, urot noyaunrt nnn
uro-ro cxtnart. , nana, saxnnn o "+nmnranom xyc nxnn no nnnnm n
ncnxoananns", no x n namn tn nsnarart nam marnan in usum delphini,* nsoaxax nc
crnaxnntm, rmarntno cxtnax or nac nc rynocrn, sanonnxx nc nont, sarymntnax
comnnnx, urot nt c nrxnm cnm mornn noymart, uro nayunnnct umy-ro nonomy. r,
nmnno noromy, uro nt naunnammn, x xorn noxasart nam namy nayxy xax ona crt, c
moxonarocrxmn n rynocrxmn, nrnsnxmn n comnnnxmn. snam, uro nn n ono nayx
n moxr trt nnau, oconno nnauan. snam raxx, uro nn nnoanannn cnauana
craamrcx cxtrt or yuamnxcx +rn rynocrn n nconmncrna.
----------------------------------------
* In usum delphini - "nx o]nna" (nannct, cnannax na nsannn xnaccnxon, xoroo no
nnxasy monnxa XIV tno cocrannno nx ro ctna). - nm. nm. ns.
o x ncnxoanannsy +ro n noxonr. crnnrntno cnan na nnonoxnnx, ono n
nnax yroro, n xomy nc +ro xaxrcx cnnmxom ryntm n nonnnntm, xro nnntx
x ontm ocronnocrn n nsxmcrny ntnoon, romy n cnyr nrn c namn antm.
rontxo ymam, uro my noom cnonano t ocrannrt ncnxonornucxn nonmt, noromy
uro, omct, rountx n ocronntx nyr, xorotmn on roron nrn, sct on, cxo ncro, n
nar. a n conmnno nsnnmn, urot nayxa, xoroax moxr uro-ro nnoxnrt,
cnoxonnact o rom, urot ycntmann, n nonana t c croonnnxon. syntrart
onxnt rononrt sa n camn, a cama ona moxr nooxart, noxa onn nnnnxyr nnnmann.
o rx ns nac, xro xour noonxart sanxrnx, x onxn nynnrt, uro oa mon
nnonoxnnx n annonnnt. no nnonoxnn, uro cnonnnn xnnxrcx
ncnxnucxnm ]nomnom, mt xornm oxasart syntraramn nam aort; nroo yx
oxasano n yro onacrn nayxn, n x rontxo y na cx cmnocrt nnnoxnrt ro x
mnnm namnx nonm.
ax r x, n xaxo onacrn nayxn tno oxasano, uro crt raxo snann, o xoroom
unonxy nnuro n nsncrno (xax +ro nmr mcro, no nammy nnonoxnnm, y nnnmro
con)? 3ro tn t samuarntnt, noasnrntnt ]axr, mnxmmn nam ncrannnn o
ymnno xnsnn, xorot nr naonocrn cxtnart. Mxy nounm, +ro ]axr, xorot cam
ornnar ro, uro yrnxar, n nc-raxn xnnxrcx um-ro crnnrntntm, contradictio in
adjecto.* ax on n n cxtnarcx. n ro nnna, cnn o nm nnuro n snamr nnn
nocrarouno n nro nymtnamrcx. ouno rax x n nama nnna, uro oo ncx +rnx
ncnxonornucxnx nonmax cyxr nmn, xorot anxn or ncx nanm-
----------------------------------------
* ornnoun n onnnnn (nar.). - nm. n.
nn n ontron, nmmmnx n annom nonoc mamm snaunn.
oxasarntcrno tno ano n onacrn rnnnornucxnx xnnnn. Kora x n 19 r. nanman
usntuano ynrntnt moncrannn to n nrma n ancn, x tn cnnrnm n
cnymmro +xcnnmnra. Kora unonxa nnnnn n comnamynnucxo cocroxnn,
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sacrannnn n +rom cocroxnnn rannmnnnarono nxnrt ncnosmoxnt cnryannn, a sarm
asynnn, ro cnauana my xasanoct, uro on nnuro n snar o noncxonnmm no nmx
rnnnornucxoro cna. nrm noronan accxasart, uro c nnm noncxonno no nmx
rnnnosa. nonx yrnxan, uro nnuro n moxr ncnomnnrt. o rm nacrannan,
ronan, ynxn ro, uro on snar, onxn ncnomnnrt, n nor unonx saxonancx, nauan
conartcx c mtcnxmn, ncnomnnn cnauana cmyrno ono ns nnymnntx my nxnnann,
sarm yro, nocnomnnann cranonnnoct nc orurnnn, nc nonn n naxonn tno
noccranonnno s nonon. o rax xax on nc +ro snan, xax sarm n oxasanoct, xorx nnxro
nocroonnn n mor my nnuro coomnrt, ro nanamnnarcx ntno, uro on snan o +rnx
nxnnannxx an. ontxo onn tnn my nocrynnt, on n snan, uro onn y nro crt, on
nonaran, uro nnuro o nnx n snar. rax, +ro conmnno ra x camax cnryannx, n xoroo,
xax mt nnonaram, naxonrcx nnnmn con.
amct, nac noasnr +ror ]axr n nt cnocnr mnx: noumy x nt n cocnannct na +ro
oxasarntcrno yx antm, accmarnnax omnount crnnx, xora mt nnmnn x
saxnmunnm, uro nnnnctnann orononnmmycx unonxy namnnx, o xorotx on n snan n
xorot ornnan? cnn xro-nnyt ymar, uro nnuro n snar o nxnnannxx,
nocnomnnannx o xorotx y nro nc-raxn crt, ro rm on noxrno, uro on nnuro n snar
n o yrnx nnyrnnnx ymnntx nonccax. 3ror ono, xonuno, nonsnn t nnuarnnn
n nomor t nam nonxrt omnount crnnx. asymrcx, x mor t cocnartcx na nro n rora,
no x nnr ro nx yroro cnyuax, r on tn on noxonm. mnount crnnx
uacrnuno asxcnnnnct camn coo; c yro croont, onn nanomnnnn nam, uro ncncrnn
om cnxsn xnnnn nc-raxn cnyr nnonoxnrt cymcrnonann raxnx ymnntx
nonccon, o xorotx nnuro n nsncrno. syuax cnonnnnx, mt ntnyxnt nontsonartcx
cnnnxmn ns yrnx onacr, n, xom roro, x yunrtnam ror ]axr, uro sct nt cxo
cornacnrct na nnnnunn cnnn ns onacrn rnnnosa. ocroxnn, n xoroom
conmamrcx omnount crnnx, onxno trt, xaxrcx nam nomantntm, ono n noxox
na rnnnornucxo. anornn, mxy rnnnornucxnm cocroxnnm n cnom, nn xoroom
nosnnxamr cnonnnnx, nmrcx snaunrntno cxocrno. t rnnnosom nastnarcx
ncxyccrnnnt con; mt rononm nnny, xoroo rnnnornsnym: cnnr, n nnymnnx, xorot
mt my nam, moxno cannnrt co cnonnnnxmn no nmx crcrnnnoro cna. cnxnucxn
cnryannn n oonx cnyuaxx crnnrntno ananornunt. n crcrnnnom cn mt racnm
nnrc x nnmnmy mny, nn rnnnornucxom - onxrt-raxn xo ncmy mny, sa ncxnmunnm
nnna, xoroo nac rnnnornsnyr, c xorotm mt ocramcx n cnxsn. noum, rax nastnamt
con xomnnnnt, nn xoroom ona nmr cnxst c nxom n rontxo nm moxr trt
asyxna, xnnxrcx nomantno ananorn rnnnornucxoro cna. ncnn oconnocr
rnnnosa na crcrnnnt con n xaxrcx no+romy raxnm yx cmntm. nonoxnn, uro
nnnmn con raxx snar o cnom cnonnnnn, xoroo my rontxo nocrynno, rax uro on n
cam +romy n nnr, n concm cnounnno. Kcrarn, samrnm c, uro sct n namn
orxtnarcx rrn nyrt x nsyunnm cnonnnn: or naymammnx con asaxnn, or
cnon naxny, a rnt m or cnonnnnn, nnymnntx n rnnnornucxom cocroxnnn.
rnt, xora nama ynnnocrt n c nosocna, nnmcx x nam nonm. rax,
ount noxrno, uro nnnmn con snar o cnom cnonnnnn, n saaua cocronr n rom, urot
art my nosmoxnocrt onayxnrt +ro snann n coomnrt ro nam. Mt n rym, urot on
casy cxasan o cmtcn cnoro cnonnnnx, no on moxr orxtrt noncxoxnn cnonnnnx,
xyr mtcn n nnrcon, xorot ro onnnnn. cnomnnr cnyua omnounoro crnnx,
xora y xoro-ro cnocnnn, orxya nonsomna oronoxa "Vorschwein", n nno, uro nnmno
my n ronony, ano nam asxcnnn. ama rxnnxa nccnonannx cnonnnn ount nocra,
nctma noxoxa na rontxo uro ynomxnyrt nnm. Mt nnont cnocnm nnnmro con, orxya
y nro +ro cnonnnn, n nno ro ntcxastnann ym cunrart oxcnnnm. Mt n ym
oamart nnnmann na ro, ymar nn on, uro uro-ro snar, nnn n ymar, n n oonx cnyuaxx
nocrynnm onnaxono.
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3ra rxnnxa, xonuno, ount nocra, no, omct, ona ntsonr y nac camt sxn orno.
t cxaxr: nono nnonoxnn, rrt! camo nnoxrno ns ncx! cnn x cnomy y
nnnmro con, uro my nnxonr n ronony no nonoy cnonnnnx, ro nno x, uro my
nnr n ronony, n onxno art xnamo oxcnnn? o my noom moxr nnuro n
nnrn nnn nnr or snar uro. Mt n nonnmam, na uro ryr moxno accunrtnart. or yx,
crnnrntno, uro snaunr noxnnrt cnnmxom mnoro onnx ram, r ymcrn tno t
noontm xnrnxn. K romy x cnonnnn cocronr nt n ns onoro nnannntnoro cnona, a
ns mnornx +nmnron. Kaxo x mtcnn, cnyuano nnmm n ronony, nyxno
nnxnnartcx?
t nant no ncm, uro xacarcx nroocrnnnoro. nonnnn ornnuarcx or oronoxn
raxx n ontmnm
xonnucrnom +nmnron. +rnm ycnonnm rxnnx noxonmo cunrartcx. o x
nnaram nam asnrt cnonnnn na +nmnrt n nccnonart xaxt +nmnr n
orntnocrn, n rora nnont nosnnxnr ananornx c oronoxo. t nant n n rom, uro no
ornomnnm x orntntm +nmnram cnamnnamt moxr ornrnrt, uro my nnuro n
nnxonr n ronony. crt cnyuan, n xorotx mt yonnrnonmcx +rnm ornrom, n nosn nt
ysnar, xaxont onn. nmuarntno, uro +ro raxn cnyuan, o xorotx mt camn moxm
cocrannrt onnnno cyxnn. o n omm, cnn nnnmn con yr yrnxart, uro
my nnuro n nnxonr n ronony, mt nosasnm my, ym nacrannart na cnom, ynxrt ro,
uro xort uro-ro onxno my nnrn n ronony, n oxaxmcx nant. Kaxax-nnyt mtcnt nnr
my n ronony, nam sasnnuno xaxax. conno nrxo my yr art cnnnx, xorot
moxno nasnart ncronucxnmn. n cxaxr: nor +ro cnyunnoct nua (xax n oonx nsncrntx
nam "rsntx" cnonnnnxx), nnn: +ro nanomnnar uro-ro nanno cnyunnmcx; raxnm
oasom, mt samuam, uro cnxsn cnonnnn c nnuarnnnxmn nocnnnx n ncruamrcx
namnoro uam, um mt cnauana nnonarann. cxox ns cnonnnnx, nnnmn con
nnnomnnr naxonn on orannnt, nosmoxno, ax concm anxn cotrnx.
o n rnannom nt n nant. cnn nt cunrar cnnmxom nonsnontntm nnonoxnn o
rom, uro nnax x mtcnt nnnmro con xax as n acr ncxomo nnn onxna nnncrn x
nmy, cnn nt ymar, uro +ra nnax nnmmax n ronony mtcnt moxr trt, cxo ncro,
conmnno cnyuano n n cnxsanno c ncxomtm, uro x nocro nnmt nm n ro, uro moxno
oxnart or n yroro, ro nt rnyoxo sanyxarct. yx nosnonnn c onaxt
nynnrt nac, uro n nac xonnrcx na n ncnxnucxym cnooy n nonsnontnocrt, no ona
conmnno nnayuna n onxna ycrynnrt
ronannm noxonmoro rmnnnsma n n ymnno xnsnn. nomy nac cunrartcx c
]axrom, uro cnomnnomy nnr n ronony nmnno +ro n nnuro yro. o x n xouy
nornnonocrannxrt ony ny yro. Moxno oxasart, uro nnmmax n ronony
cnomnnomy mtcnt n nonsnontna, a nnonn onnnna n cnxsana c ncxomtm namn.1 a,
x nanno ysnan, n nnanax, nnoum, +romy ontmoro snaunnx, uro n +xcnnmnrantnax
ncnxonornx acnonarar raxnmn oxasarntcrnamn.
cnxsn c naxnocrtm ocyxamoro nmra nomy namro ocooro nnnmannx. cnn x
nomy xoro-ro cxasart, uro my nnmno n ronony no nonoy onnnnoro +nmnra
cnonnnnx, ro x rym or nro, urot on orancx cnoono acconnannn, nnxnnaxct
ncxonoro ncrannnnx. 3ro ryr ocoo ycranonxn nnnmannx, xoroax conmnno
nnax, um ycranonxa nn asmtmnnnn, n ncxnmuar nocnn. xorotm nrxo arcx
raxax ycranonxa, yrn onayxnnamr nn raxom ontr nourn nonnym ncnoconocrt.
ymcrnyr n on ntcoxax crnnt cnoot acconnannn, xora onycxarcx raxx n +ro
ncxono ncrannnn n onnxrcx rontxo nn n o nosnnxamm mtcnn, nannm,
onnxrcx cnoono nosnnxamm nmx cocrnnno nnn uncno. 3ra nosnnxa-
----------------------------------------
1 nsmnno nouxnnax, uro on xnnxrcx croonnnxom croxamro rmnnnsma
nnmnnrntno x runnm ncnxnucxnx nonccon, u nmn n nny nnunnnym
oycnonnnnocrt +rnx nonccon ncnxnucxnmn x cnnamn nnn ]axroamn. onrcxax
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ncnxonornx ornrar noono nonnmann rmnnnsma. na accmarnnar ]axrt
cosnarntno n ccosnarntno ncnxnucxo xnsnn n nx oycnonnnnocrn
]nsnonornucxnmn n connantntmn ]axroamn, n ornnax nmcr c rm axrnnnocrt
ncnxnucxoro n, crano trt, ro ocoym (ncnonmym x ]nsnonornucxnm n connantntm
mxannsmam) ont n rynxnnn nonnnx.
mmax mtcnt moxr trt m nonsnontn, m on nnnnnno, um
nosnnxammax nn ncnontsonannn nam rxnnxn. o moxno oxasart, uro ona xaxt as
croro rmnnnyrcx naxntmn nnyrnnnmn ycranonxamn, nnsncrntmn nam n momnr
nx crnnx n rax x mano nsncrntmn, xax naymammn rnnnnn nn omnountx
crnnxx n rnnnnn, nononnymmn cnyuant crnnx.
n mnorn yrn nocn mnx nonoxarno nononnn raxn nccnonannx c nmnamn n
uncnamn, camononsnontno nosnnxammnmn n mtcnxx; nxorot ns nnx tnn raxx
onynnxonant. n +rom nocrynamr cnymmnm oasom: x nnmmmy n ronony nmnn
ntstnamr x acconnann, xorot yx n concm cnoont, a cnxsant, xax n mtcnn no
nonoy +nmnron cnonnnnx, n +ro noonxamr o rx no, noxa cnxst n ncunarcx. o
sarm ntxcnxnnct n mornnnonxa, n snaunn cnoono nosnnxammro nmnn. syntrart
ontron nc nmx nonroxmrcx, coomnn o nnx uacro ryr nsnoxnnx ontmoro
]axrnucxoro marnana n noxonmtx noontx asxcnnn. osmoxno, camtmn
oxasarntntmn xnnxmrcx acconnannn cnoono nosnnxammnx uncn; onn norxamr rax
tcro n nanannxmrcx x cxtro nnn c raxo ynnnocrtm, uro nocro omnomnxmr.
xouy nnncrn nam rontxo onn nnm c raxnm anannsom nmnn, rax xax ro, x cuacrtm,
moxno nsnoxnrt xarxo.
o nmx nunnx onoro monooro unonxa x saronannam c nnm na +ry rmy n
ynomnnam nonoxnn o rom, uro, ncmorx na xaxymymcx nonsnontnocrt, n moxr nnrn
n ronony nmx, xoroo n oxasanoct t oycnonnnntm nnxamnmn ornomnnxmn,
oconnocrxmn ncntrymoro n ro nacroxmnm nonoxnnm. ax xax on comnnarcx n +rom, x
nnaram my, n orxnatnax, camomy noncrn raxo ontr. snam, uro y nro oconno
mnoro asnoro oa ornomnn c xnmnnamn n nymxamn, n nonaram no+romy, uro y nro
yr oconno ontmo nto, cnn my nnoxnrt nasnart nno nonanmcx xncxo
nmx. n cornamarcx. o x momy nnn, nn, x ro ynnnnnm, na mnx n xarnrcx nannna
xncxnx nmn, a, nomonuan, on nnsnarcx, uro my nnmno na ym ncro nnmt ono nmx:
ntnna. ranno, uro x nt cnxstnar c +rnm nmnm? xontxo ntnn nt snar?
oasnrntno, no on n snar nn ono ntnnt, n ontm my nnuro n nnxonr n ronony
no nonoy +roro nmnn. rax, moxno tno nnonoxnrt, uro ananns n yancx; no nr, on
tn yx saxonun, n n noronanoct nnxaxnx yrnx mtcn. V monooro unonxa tn
notuno cnrnt nnr nonoc, no nmx c nn nunnn x uacro n myrxy nastnan ro
ntnna, mt xax as sannmannct ntxcnnnm onn xncxoro nauana n ro xoncrnrynnn.
axnm oasom, on cam tn +ro ntnno, camo nnrcno nx nro n +ro nmx
xnmnno.
o x camo ornocnrcx x nnoccrnnno ncnntnammnm mnonxm, xorot
onnnntm oasom oycnonnnt xyrom mtcn unonxa, sannmammnx ro, xorx on
+roro n n samuar. rxo noxasart, uro ornomnn x mnonn cnxsano c rxcrom nnn
noncxoxnnm; no cnyr trt ocrooxntm, +ro yrnxnn n acnocranxrcx na
crnnrntno mystxantntx nm, ornocnrntno xorotx y mnx nocro nr anntx. V
raxnx nm noxnnnn moxr oxcnxrtcx mystxantntm coxannm mnonn. o uam
ncruarcx, xonuno, nnt cnyua. ax, x snam onoro monooro unonxa, xorooro
onro nmx ncnonana nncrnax ncnx anca ns xacno nnt |]]naxa|,
noxa ananns n oarnn ro nnnmannx na xonxynnnm "t" n "nnt", sannmanmym ro n
ro nmx.
rax, cnn conmnno cnoono nosnnxammn mtcnn oycnonnnt raxnm oasom n
nounnnt onnnno cnxsn, ro rm on mt moxm saxnmunrt, uro mtcnn c
nncrnnno cnxstm, c ncxontm ncrannnnm, moryr trt n mn oycnonnnntmn.
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ccnonann crnnrntno noxastnar, uro, xom nnonaramo namn cnxsn c ncxontm
ncrannnnm, cnyr nnsnart nx nroym sanncnmocrt or orartx a]]xramn mtcn n
nnrcon, xomnnxcon, noscrnn xorotx n nacroxmn momnr nnsncrno, r. .
ccosnarntno.
noono nosnnxammn mtcnn c raxo cnxstm tnn nmrom ount noyunrntntx
+xcnnmnrantntx nccnonann, ctranmnx n ncronn ncnxoanannsa ocronym nnnmannx
ont.1 xona ynra nnoxnna rax nastnamt acconnarnnnt +xcnnmnr, nn
xoroom
----------------------------------------
1 syunn acconnann xnnxnoct ono ns nntx rm ncnxonornn, nnoranm
onnx +xcnnmnrantno nayxn. cntrymt n +rnx ontrax onxn tn orarnonart na
nxnnxmo my cnono-asaxnrnt nntm nnmmnm n ronony yrnm cnonom, r. .
nnoccrnnno nantno axnn. nxst mxy cnonom-asaxnrnm n cnonom-
axnn raxronanact c nosnnn acconnarnnno xonnnnnn, nnonaranm, uro +ra cnxst
rmnnnonana uacroro nmcrnymmnx courann +rnx cnon, nx cmxnocrtm n r. n.
antnm nsyunn nantntx axnn na nxnnxmt crnmyn ntxnnno, uro n x
cnyuan nanmarcx nx notunocrt, saxxa (romoxnn) axnnn n r. n. 3ro ano
ocnonann nnonoxnrt, uro nnntunt norox acconnann naymarcx no nnnxnnm
a]]xrnnno snaunmocrn roro cnona, na xoroo ncntrymomy tno nnoxno
orarnonart. am ncntrymt n mor asxcnnrt, noumy ro axnnx oxasanact cront
nnnntuno, cranno. nonauantno ]axr nnnxnnx nocosnanamtx a]]xron na
acconnarnnno runn ncrannnn tn ntxnnn mnnacxnm ncnxnarom nrom,
cnnsnnmnmcx c uom n nnt nno xrntnocrn, no sarm asommnmcx c nnm.
annt nra crnmynnonann asaorxy nonxrnx o xomnnxc - ocoom ncnxnucxom
oasonannn, n xoroom snaunmt nx nnunocrn nn ccosnarntno n nouno cnnnamrcx c
a]]xramn. onxrn xomnnxca sanxno n cncrm ncrannnn ua nouno mcro.
Kom nnnnnyantntx xomnnxcon on ntnnn omxyntrynt, xorot ntcrynamr n
xaucrn rmnnanrt ncnxnucxo xrntnocrn ncx nm, nnnanxamnx x anno
xyntry.
ncntrymomy nnaranoct xax moxno tcr ornrnrt nmo axnn na cnono-
asaxnrnt. 3arm nsyuannct nnrnan mxy asaxnnm n axnn, xaaxr
ornrno axnnn, omnxn nn nonronnn roro x +xcnnmnra n noono. Hmnxcxax
mxona no yxonocrnom nna n nra ana oxcnnn noncxoxmnm nn
acconnarnnnom +xcnnmnr axnnxm, nnoxnn ncntrymomy asxcnxrt nonyunnt
axnnn ononnnrntntmn acconnannxmn, cnn onn camn no c nnnnxann nnnmann cno
notunocrtm. 3arm oxasanoct, uro +rn notunt axnnn camtm rcntm oasom cnxsant
c xomnnxcamn ncntrymoro. m camtm nn n nr nocnnn mocr or
+xcnnmnrantno ncnxonornn x ncnxoanannsy.
a ocnonannn +rnx anntx nt moxr cxasart: "nt mt nnsnam, uro cnoono
nosnnxammn mtcnn rmnnnonant, n nonsnontnt, xax mt nonarann. o x camo mt
onycxam n no ornomnnm x mtcnxm, nosnnxammnm no nonoy +nmnron cnonnnnx. o
nt +ro n ro, uro nam nyxno. t nt yrnxar, uro mtcnn, nnmmn no nonoy
+nmnra cnonnnnx, rmnnnonant xaxo-ro nnsncrno ncnxnucxo ocnono nmnno
+roro +nmnra. nam +ro n xaxrcx ounnntm. Mt yx nnonaram, uro mtcnt no
nonoy +nmnra cnonnnnx nonnna xomnnxcamn nnnmro con, no xaxax nam or
+roro nontsa? 3ro nnnr nac n x nonnmannm cnonnnnx, no rontxo x snannm +rnx rax
nastnamtx xomnnxcon, xax +ro tno n acconnarnnnom +xcnnmnr. o uro y nnx omro
co cnonnnnm?"
t nant, no ynycxar onn momnr. Kcrarn, nmnno ror, ns-sa xorooro x n nsan
acconnarnnnt +xcnnmnr ncxono rouxo +roro nsnoxnnx. +rom +xcnnmnr ona
rmnnanra axnnn, a nmnno cnono-asaxnrnt, ntnarcx namn nonsnontno.
axnnx xnnxrcx nocnnxom mxy +rnm cnonom-asaxnrnm n saronyrtm nm
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xomnnxcom ncntrymoro. n cnonnnnn cnono-asaxnrnt samnxrcx um-ro, uro camo
ncxonr ns ymnno xnsnn nnnmro con, ns nnsncrntx my ncrounnxon, r. . ns roro,
uro camo nrxo morno t crart "nonsnontm or xomnnxca". o+romy nanamnnarcx
nnonoxnn, uro n cnxsannt c +nmnramn cnonnnnx antnmn mtcnn yyr
onnnt n yrnm xomnnxcom, a nmnno xomnnxcom camoro +nmnra n nnnyr raxx
x ro acxtrnm.
osnontr mn na yrom nnm noxasart, uro no ocronr nmnno rax, xax mt
nnonaram n namm cnyua. 3atnann nmn cocrnnntx xnnxrcx, cocrnnno ronox,
nxacntm nnmom nx anannsa cnonnnnx; rontxo sct n onom nnn cnnnarcx ro, uro
nn ronxonannn cnonnnnx acnnxrcx mxy nymx. cnn x nmnno satn nmx, ro y
mnx crt ynnnocrt, uro x +ro nmx snam; ra ynnnocrt, xoroym mt moxm nnymnrt
nnnmmy con rontxo oxontm nyrm nn nomomn +xcnnmnra nrma. o satro,
xorx n snaxomo nmx mn nocrynno. c ycnnnx ncnomnnrt ro nn x umy n nnnoxr, +ro x
snam no ontry. o nmcro satroro nmnn x mory nnymart ono nnn ncxontxo
sammammnx nmn. cnn raxo nmx-samcrnrnt (rsatz) nnr mn n ronony cnonranno,
rontxo rora cnryannx yr noxoxa na ananns cnonnnnx. 3nmnr cnonnnnx nt rox
n ro, uro nyxno, rontxo samcrnrnt roro yroro, nyxnoro, uro x n snam n uro nyxno
narn nn nomomn anannsa cnonnnnx. asnnun onxrt-raxn rontxo n rom, uro nn
satnannn nmn x n nnsnam samcrnrnt cocrnnntm |coxannm| (igentliche), a nx
+nmnra cnonnnnx nam ryno crart na +ry rouxy snnx. o n nn satnannn nmn crt
nyrt or samcrnrnx x cocrnnnomy ccosnarntnomy |coxannm|, x satromy nmnn.
cnn x nanannm cno nnnmann na nmna-samcrnrnn n yy cnnrt sa nnxoxmnmn mn n
ronony mtcnxmn no nx nonoy, ro ano nnn nosno x nay satro nmx n nn +rom
onayxnrcx, uro nmna-samcrnrnn, xax n nnmmn mn n ronony, tnn cnxsant c
satrtm, tnn rmnnnonant nm.
xouy nnncrn nam nnm anannsa raxoro oa: onaxt x samrnn, uro satn
nasnann manntxo crant na nnt, rnannt roo xoroo Monr-Kano. 3ro tno
ocano, no rax. ncnomnnam nc, uro snam o +ro cran, ymam o xnxs ntr ns oma
ysnntxn, o ro axax, o ro nmnn x nccnonannm mocxnx rnynn n oo ncm, uro mn
yarcx ncnomnnrt, no nnuro n nomorar. o+romy x nxamam asmtmnnn n craamct
samnnrt satro nasnann. yrn nasnannx tcro ncnntnamr. amo Monr-Kano, sarm
tmonr, nannx, Monrnno, Konnxo. nauana n +rom xy mn ocarcx n rnasa
nannx, ona tcro cmnxrcx Monrnro, nosmoxno, xax nornnononoxnocrt noro n
unoro. 3arm x samuam, uro n +rnx urtx nasnannxx-samcrnrnxx coxnrcx cnor mon;
nyr x ncnomnnam satro nasnann n romxo nonsnomy: Monaxo. 3amcrnrnn
crnnrntno ncxonnn ns satroro, nnt urt ns nnoro cnora, nocnn
nocnonsnonr nocnonarntnocrt cnoron n nct xonunt cnor. Mxy nounm, x mory
noccranonnrt, noumy x na nmx satn nasnann. Monaxo nmr ornomnn x Mmnxny, +ro
ro nrantxncxo nasnann; nasnann +roro rooa n oxasano romosxm nnnxnn.
nm, xonuno, xoom, no cnnmxom nocr. yrnx cnyuaxx x nntm sammammnm
nasnannxm cnonano t nnannrt on nnnnt x nosnnxammnx mtcn, rora
ananornx c anannsom cnonnnnx tna t xcn. V mnx n n +rom crt ontr. Kora onaxt
nsnaxomn nnrnacnn mnx ntnnrt nrantxncxoro nnna, n croan oxasanoct, uro on satn
nasnann nnna, xoroo xorn saxasart, rontxo noromy, uro o nm ocrannct nyumn
nocnomnnannx. s ontmoro uncna sammammnx nasnann, xorot nnmnn my n ronony
nmcro satroro, x cnan ntno, uro nasnann satro ns-sa xaxo-ro Innrn, n
crnnrntno, on n rontxo nornnn, uro noonan ro n omcrn ono Innrn, no n
ncnomnnn naroax +romy ro nasnann. K +romy nmnn on tn cuacrnnno xnar, a ra
Innra ornocnnact x on annmy nmnn, o xoroom on noxorno ncnomnnan.
o, uro oxasanoct nosmoxntm nn satnannn nmn, onxno yacrtcx n nn ronxonannn
cnonnnn; nx or samcrnrnx us cnxstnammn acconnannn, moxno cnart ocrynntm
cxtro cocrnnno |coxann|. o nnmy satnannx nmn mt moxm cxasart o
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acconnannxx c +nmnrom cnonnnnx, uro onn rmnnnonant xax camnm +nmnrom
cnonnnnx, rax n cocrnnntm ccosnarntntm |coxannm|. m camtm mt nnnnn
nxorot oxasarntcrna nanomnocrn nam rxnnxn.
M KH
K I M
Vnaxamt amt n rocnoa! t nnnr, uro mt n s nontst nsyuann omnount
crnnx. naroax +rnm ycnnnxm mt - ncxox ns nsncrntx nam nnonoxnn - ycnonnn
na momnra: nonnmann +nmnra cnonnnnx n rxnnxy ronxonannx cnonnnnx.
onnmann +nmnra cnonnnnx saxnmuarcx n rom, uro on n xnnxrcx cocrnnntm
|coxannm|, a samcrnrnm uro-ro yroro, n nsncrnoro nnnmmy con, noono
namnnm omnounoro crnnx, samcrnrnm uro-ro, o um nnnmn con snar, no +ro
snann my nocrynno. amcx, uro +ro x nonnmann moxno acnocrannrt n na nc
cnonnnn, cocroxm ns raxnx +nmnron. ama rxnnxa cocronr n rom, urot naroax
cnoontm acconnannxm ntsnart x +rnm +nmnram yrn sammammn ncrannnnx, ns
xorotx moxno ysnart cxtro.
nt x nnaram nam nncrn nsmnnnx n rmnnonornm, xorot onxnt ynocrnrt
nam nsnoxnn. mcro "cxtro, nocrynno, n cocrnnno* |co-
----------------------------------------
* o cmtcny onxno trt "cocrnnno". nm. . nnoa.
xann|" mt, ntaxaxct roun, cxaxm "nocrynno cosnannm nnnmro con, nnn
ccosnarntno" (unewut). o +rnm mt noasymnam (xax +ro tno n n ornomnnn x
satromy cnony nnn naymamm rnnnnn omnounoro crnnx) n uro nno, xax
ccosnarntno n annt momnr. nornnononoxnocrt +romy mt, xonuno, moxm nasnart
camn +nmnrt cnonnnnx n nnont nonyunnt naroax acconnannxm sammammn
ncrannnnx cosnarntntmn. +rnm nasnannm n cnxsana xaxax-ro nonax rornucxax
xoncryxnnx. Vnornnn cnona "ccosnarntno", xax nrxo nonxrnoro n noxoxmro,
n moxr ntsnart nosaxnn.
cnn mt acnocrannm nam nonnmann orntnoro +nmnra na nc cnonnnn, ro
nonyunrcx, uro cnonnnn xax nno xnnxrcx ncxaxnntm samcrnrnm uro-ro yroro,
ccosnarntnoro, n saaua ronxonannx cnonnnnx - narn +ro ccosnarntno. rcma
casy ntnoxrcx rn naxntx nannna, xorotx mt onxnt nnxnnartcx no nmx aort
na ronxonannm cnonnnnx: 1) n nyxno oamart nnnmannx na ro, uro xnnxr coo
cnonnnn, yt ono nonxrntm nnn acyntm, xcntm nnn cnyranntm, rax xax ono nc
anno nn n xom cnyua n xnnxrcx ncxomtm ccosnarntntm (crcrnnno orannunn
+roro nannna nanamnnarcx camo coo); 2) aory orannunnart rm, uro x xaxomy
+nmnry ntstnart sammammn ncrannnnx, n saymtnaxct o nnx, n nonxx,
coxar nn onn uro-ro noxoxm, n oamart nnnmannx, nacxontxo onn orxnonxmrcx or
+nmnra cnonnnnx;
3) nyxno ntxart, noxa cxtro ncxomo ccosnarntno nosnnxnr camo, rouno rax x,
xax satro cnono Monaxo n onncannom nnm.
nt nam raxx nonxrno, nacxontxo sasnnuno, xoomo nnn nnoxo, nno nnn
nnno noccranonnno n namxrn cnonnnn. t noccranonnnno n namxrn cnonnnn n
xnnxrcx cocrnnntm coxannm, no rontxo ncxaxnntm samcrnrnm roro, uro onxno
nam nomout nyrm ntstnannx yrnx sammammnx ncrannnn nnnnsnrtcx x
cocrnnnomy coxannm, cnart ccosnarntno cosnarntntm. cnn nocnomnnann
tno nrountm, ro nocro n samcrnrn nonsomno antnm ncxaxnn, xoroo,
onaxo, n moxr trt nmornnnonanntm.
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aory ronxonannx moxno noncrn xax na cocrnnntx cnonnnnxx, rax n na
cnonnnnxx yrnx. a cocrnnntx ax ontmmy nayunmtcx, noncc ronxonannx sct
on ynrnn. rax, cnn nontramtcx +ro cnart, ro samuamt, uro uro-ro nornnnrcx
aor. Mtcnn xorx n nosnnxamr, no n ncm nm nnamt snaunn. onsnonrcx nonxa,
n narcx nto. ono mtcnn rononmt c: nr, +ro sct n noxonr, n ornocnrcx
cma, o yro - +ro cnnmxom ccmtcnnno, o rrt - +ro yx concm nroocrnnno, n
ncxo samuamt, uro nn raxnx nosaxnnxx mtcnn saxnnamrcx nx, um cranyr
conmnno xcntmn, n naxonn noronxmrcx. axnm oasom, c ono croont, cnnmxom
cnntno sanncnmt or ncxonoro ncrannnnx, or camoro +nmnra cnonnnnx, c yro -
nto mmar syntrary cnoono acconnannn. cnn ronxonann cnonnnnx nononmt
n nann, a nocnmt xoro-nnyt ronxonart cno cnonnnn, ro xcno uyncrnymt m
onn mornn, xorotm onantnamt raxo nonycrnmt nto. ora rononmt c no
nonoy orntntx mtcn: nr, +ra mtcnt cnnmxom nnnxrna, x n xouy nnn n mory
ntcxasart.
3rn nosaxnnx xnno yroxamr ycnmnocrn nam aort. ornn nnx nyxno
samnrnrtcx, n nn ananns cocrnnnoro cnonnnnx namt +ro c rntm
namnnm n noanartcx nm; cnn anannsnymt cnonnnn yroro, ro crannmt my
xax nnnoxno ycnonn n ncxnmuart nn ono mtcnn, ax cnn nornn n nosnnxar
ono ns urtx nosaxnn: uro ona cnnmxom nsnaunrntna, cnnmxom ccmtcnnna, n
ornocnrcx x ny nnn nnnxrno cxasart. n omar cnonart +romy nannny, no sarm c
orounnm samuamt, xax nnoxo nouac on cxnnar +ro omann. nauana oxcnxmt
+ro rm, uro on n yxcnnn c cmtcn cnoono acconnannn, ncmorx na ynrntno
sannn, n ymamt, uro, moxr trt, cnyr nororonnrt ro cnauana rornucxn, anax
my nnraryy nnn nocnan ro na nxnnn, naroax umy on mor t crart croonnnxom
namnx nossnn na cnoonym acconnannm. o or +rnx nnmon nosxnnamtcx, samuax,
uro n cam, yyun rno ynn n cocrnnntx yxnnxx, nonxn +rnm x
xnrnucxnm nosaxnnxm nornn onnnntx mtcn, xorot nnocncrnnn
ycranxmrcx, n nsncrno m, no nroo nncrannnn.
mcro roro urot cnrtcx na nnocnymann nnnmro con, nonoym onnnrt +ror
ontr, urot nayunrtcx ns nro umy-ro nonomy, umy-ro, uro moxr trt rm naxn, um
mntm mt x nmy nororonnnt. onxrno, uro aora no ronxonannm cnonnnnx
noncxonr nonxn conornnnnnm (iderstand), xoroo nonnmarcx nornn nro n
ntaxnnm xorooro xnnxmrcx r xnrnucxn nosaxnnx. 3ro conornnnnn nsanncnmo
or rornucxnx yxnn nnnmro con. ontm roro. ntr noxastnar, uro raxo
xnrnucxo nosaxnn nnxora n tnar nannntntm. anornn, mtcnn, xorot
xornoct t noannrt raxnm oasom, oxastnamrcx nc s ncxnmunnx camtmn naxntmn,
mammnmn nx acxtrnx ccosnarntnoro. cnn mtcnt cononoxarcx raxnm
nosaxnnm, ro +ro xax as ount noxasarntno.
3ro conornnnnn xnnxrcx xaxnm-ro conmnno nontm ]nomnom, xorot mt
namnn ncxox ns namnx nnonoxnn, xorx on xax yro n n coxnrcx n nnx. 3romy
nonomy ]axroy mt n rax yx nnxrno ynnnnt. Mt yx nuyncrnym, uro on n
onrunr nam aort. n mor t nac nnncrn x romy, urot nonc ocrannrt namn
craannx nonxrt cnonnnn. axo nsnaunrntno xnnnn, xax cnonnnn, n raxn
rynocrn nmcro syxonsnnno rxnnxn! o c yro croont, nmnno +rn rynocrn
sacrannxmr nac nnonarart, uro aora cronr ycnnn. Mt nocroxnno naranxnnamcx na
conornnnnn, xora xornm or samcrnrnx, xnnxmmrocx +nmnrom cnonnnnx,
nonnxnyrt n ro cxtro ccosnarntno. axnm oasom, mt moxm nnonoxnrt, uro sa
samcrnrnm cxtnarcx uro-ro snaunrntno. nau x umy nc nnxrcrnnx, crmxmncx
coxannrt cxtnamo? cnn nox n xour orxtrt yxy, urot noxasart, uro n n,
snaunr, ram uro-ro, uro my n asmarcx nmrt.
uac, xora mt nnonm n xo namnx accyxnn nnamnucxo ncrannnn
conornnnnnx, mt onxnt noymart o rom, uro +ro conornnnnn moxr xonnucrnnno
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nsmnxrtcx. no moxr trt ontmnm n mntmnm, n mt roront x romy, uro annt asnnunx
n onayxarcx no nmx nam aort. Moxr trt, naroax +romy mt nnorm yro
ontr, xorot rox nnronrcx n aor no ronxonannm cnonnnn. nora noxonma
ona-nncrnnnax nnn ncro ncxontxo mtcn, urot nrn or +nmnra cnonnnnx x
ro ccosnarntnomy, n ro nmx xax n yrnx cnyuaxx nx +roro ryrcx nnnnax nnt
acconnann n noonnn mnornx xnrnucxnx nosaxnn.
Mt cxaxm c, uro +rn asnnunx cnxsant c nsmnnnm nnnunnt conornnnnnx, n
ym, noxrno, nant. cnn conornnnnn nsnaunrntno, ro n samcrnrnt n cront
ornnun or ccosnarntnoro; no ontmo conornnnnn nnnonr x ontmnm ncxaxnnxm
ccosnarntnoro, a c nnmn ynnnxrcx oarnt nyrt or samcrnrnx x ccosnarntnomy.
nt, moxr trt, nacrano nmx nsxrt xaxo-nnyt cnonnnn n nonoonart
nnmnnrt x nmy namy rxnnxy, urot onanart cnxstnamt c n naxt. a, no xaxo
nx +roro ntart cnonnnn? t n ncrannxr c, xax mn ryno cnart nto, n x
ax n mory nam m asxcnnrt, n um rynocrt. unnno, nmmrcx cnonnnnx, xorot
n omm mano ncxaxnt, n camo nyum tno t nauart c nnx. o xaxn cnonnnnx
mntm ncro ncxaxnt? onxrnt n n cnyrannt, na nnma xorotx x yx nnnonn?
o ryr-ro nt rnyoxo omnarct. ccnonann noxastnar, uro +rn cnonnnnx nrnnn
usntuano ntcoxym crnnt ncxaxnnx. o cnn x, orxasanmnct or xaxnx-nno
orannunn, nostmy nno nonanmcx cnonnnn, nt, noxrno, yr ount
asouaonant. Moxr cnyunrtcx, uro nam nyxno yr ntnnrt n sanncart raxo onnn
mtcn x orntntm +nmnram cnonnnnx, uro aora cranr conmnno noosnmo.
cnn mt sannmm cnonnnn, a nanornn cocrannm cnncox ncx nnmmnx no ro nonoy
mtcn, ro on moxr trt ontm rxcra cnonnnnx. amtm nncooasntm xaxrcx,
raxnm oasom, ntart nx anannsa ncxontxo xoorxnx cnonnnn, ns xorotx xaxo
cmoxr nam uro-nnyt cxasart nnn uro-nno nornnrt. a +ro mt n mnmcx, cnn ontr
nam n nocxaxr, r crnnrntno moxno narn mano ncxaxnnt cnonnnnx.
Kom roro, x snam m yro nyrt nx onrunnx nam saaun. mcro ronxonannx
nntx cnonnnn anar orannunmcx orntntmn +nmnramn
n na x nnmon nocnnm, xax nx moxno oxcnnrt, ncnontsyx namy rxnnxy.
a) na ama accxastnar, uro nxom ount uacro nnna con, yro y ora na ronon
ocroxonunt ymaxnt xonnax. Kax nt +ro nomr, n nnrnyn x nomomn nnnm
con? t +ro conmnno ccmtcnnno. o +ro ncrar trt ccmtcnnn, xora ama
coomar, uro nxom sa cronom nmnn otxnonnn nanart raxo xonnax, noromy uro
ona n morna orntxnyrt or roro, urot n xocnrtcx n ranxn artn n ccr n n cmorrt,
n nonyunn nn xro-nnyt ns nnx ontm . axnm oasom, xonnax onxn tn crnonart
xax mot. Kcrarn, ncronucxo coomnn tno ano s ncxxo saxxn. onxonann
+roro +nmnra, a c nnm n ncro xoorxoro cnonnnnx nrxo ocymcrnnxrcx naroax
cnymm mtcnn nnnm con. "ax xax x cntmana, uro or ncnym n nc nnnr, -
rononr ona, - ro cnonnnn osnauar rontxo, uro x nc snam n nc nnxy, xax or, ax cnn
mn xorxr nommart". 3ror nnm, nosmoxno, cnnmxom nocr.
) na cxnrnucxn nacronnax nannnrxa nnnr nnnnt con, n xoroom nsncrnt
nnna accxastnamr o mo xnnr "croymn" (1905c) n ount xnanxr. 3arm uro-ro
ynomnnarcx o "Kanan", nosmoxno, o yro xnnr, n xoroo ]nrynyr xanan, nnn m
uro-ro, cnxsanno c xananom. ona n snar. +ro conmnno n xcno.
t cxnonnt yr nnonoxnrt, uro +nmnr "xanan" n noarcx ronxonannm,
noromy uro on cam rax nonnnn. t nant ornocnrntno nnonaramoro
sarynnnx, no ronxonann ryno n noromy, uro +ror +nmnr nxcn, naooor, on nxcn
no ro x nnunn, no xoroo sarynno ronxonann: nnnm con n nnxonr no nonoy
xanana nnxaxnx mtcn; x, xonuno, rox nnuro n mory cxasart.
xoroo nmx cnycrx, nn, na cnymmn nt ona rononr, uro nnmno n
ronony, uro, moxr trt, ornocnrcx x ny. nmnno ocrora, xoroym ona cntmana. a
naoxo mxy ynom n Kan nsncrnt nncarnt cyr c onnm anrnnuannnom,
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xorot n onnnno cnxsn nnrnyr: Du sulime au ridicule il ny a uun pas |r nnnxoro
o cmmnoro rontxo onn |mar|. ncarnt ornuar: ui, le pas de Calais |a, a--Kan|;
|mar no-]annyscxn "na". - nm. n.| - +rnm on xour cxasart, uro uannnx nnnxax crana,
a nrnnx - cmmnax. o Pas de Calais nt xanan, nmnno yxan xanana, Canal la manche.
ymam nn x, uro +ra mtcnt nmr ornomnn x cnonnnnm? Konuno, ronom x, ona
crnnrntno oxcnxr saraount +nmnr cnonnnnx. nn nt comnnarct, uro +ra
myrxa yx o cnonnnnx tna ccosnarntntm nx +nmnra "xanan", n nnonarar, uro
ona noxnnnact nosn? nmmax n ronony mtcnt cnnrntcrnyr o cxncnc, xorot
cxtnarcx y n sa ncxyccrnnntm nocxnmnnm, a conornnnnn xnnxrcx om
nnunno xax saxxn mtcnn, rax n roro, uro coornrcrnymmn +nmnr cnonnnnx tn
raxnm nonnnntm. ymarct n +rom cnyua n ornomnn +nmnra cnonnnnx x ro
ccosnarntnomy. n xax t xycoux ccosnarntnoro, xax t namx na nro; nsonnonan
ro, mt t ro conmnno n nonxnn.
n) nn nannnr nnnr nnnnt con: noxyr crona ocoo ]omt cnnr ncxontxo
unnon ro cmtn n r. . o nonoy crona my nnxonr n ronony mtcnt, uro on nnn raxo
cron nn nocmnnn onnnno cmtn. 3arm ro mtcnt asnnnarcx: n +ro cmt tnn
ocot ornomnnx mxy ornom n ctnom, n on ryr x oannxr, uro raxn x ornomnnx
cymcrnymr mxy nnm n ro ornom. axnm oasom, cron nsxr n cnonnnn, urot noxasart
+ry naannnt.
3ror nannnr tn anno snaxom c ronannxmn ronxonannx cnonnnnx. yro, moxr
trt, tn t noaxn, uro raxax nsnaunrntnax rant, xax ]oma crona, xnnxrcx oxrom
nccnonannx. Mt cunram, uro n cnonnnnn nr nnuro cnyuanoro nnn sasnnunoro, n
xm asraxn nmnno or oxcnnnx raxnx nsnaunrntntx, nmornnnonanntx ran.
t, moxr trt, m ynnnrct, uro aora cnonnnnx ntasnna mtcnt "y nac nc
noncxonr rax, xax y nnx" nmnno ntoom crona. o nc nrxo oxcnnrcx, cnn nt
ysnar, uro +ra cmtx nocnr ]amnnnm nmn |isch - cron. - nm. n.|. Vcaxnnax cnonx
ontx sa +ror cron, on xax t rononr, uro onn rox nmnt. 3amrtr, nnoum, xax n
coomnnxx o raxnx ronxonannxx cnonnnn nonnon cranonnmtcx ncxomntm. nt n
nt ynnnn ynomxnyrt ntm rynocrn n nto nnmon. 3ror nnm x mor t nrxo
samnnrt yrnm, no rora, noxrno, nsxan t +ro ncxomnocrn sa cur xaxo-ro
yro.
Mn xaxrcx, uro rnt camo nmx nncrn na rmnna, xorotmn mt mornn t yx
anno nontsonartcx. Mt xornm nasnart ro, uro accxastnarcx n cnonnnnn, xnntm
coxannm cnonnnnx (maniIester rauminhalt), a cxtro, x xoroomy mt nnxonm,
cnyx sa nosnnxammnmn mtcnxmn, cxtrtmn mtcnxmn cnonnnnx (latente raumgedanken).
arnm nnnmann na ornomnnx mxy xnntm coxannm cnonnnnx n cxtrtmn ro
mtcnxmn n namnx nnmax. 3rn ornomnnx moryr trt nctma asnnuntmn. nnmax a)
n ) xnnt +nmnr xnnxrcx cocranno uacrtm cxtrtx mtcn, no rontxo nsnaunrntno
nx uacrtm. s nc ontmo n cnoxno ncnxnucxo cryxryt ccosnarntntx mtcn n
xnno cnonnnn nonnxar nnmt uacrnna xax nx ]armnr nnn n yrnx cnyuaxx xax namx
na nnx, xax nosynr nnn coxamnn n rnra]nom crnn. onxonann onxno noccranonnrt
nno no +ro uacrn nnn namxy, xax +ro nxacno yanoct n nnm ). nn ns nnon
ncxaxnnx, n xoroom saxnmuarcx aora cnonnnnx, crt, raxnm oasom, sammnn
otnxom nnn namxom. nnm n), xom roro, moxno nnonoxnrt yro ornomnn,
on xcno ntaxnno n cnymmnx nnmax.
r) nnmn con nsnnxar (hervorzieht) (onnnnym, snaxomym my) amy ns-no
xonarn. n cam orxtnar cmtcn +roro +nmnra cnonnnnx nno nnmm my n
ronony mtcntm. 3ro osnauar: on orar +ro am nnournn (Vorzug).
) yromy cnnrcx, uro ro ar sacrxn n xmnx. nax mtcnt samnxr cnono xmnx
mxa]om (chrank), a nroax ar +romy ronxonann: ar orannunnar cx (schrnkt sich
ein).
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) nnmn con nonnmarcx na roy, orxya orxtnarcx notxnonnno anxn nn.
3ro snyunr conmnno annonantno, n, moxr trt, ryr nuro ronxonart, a cnyr rontxo
ysnart, xaxn nocnomnnannx saronyrt cnonnnnm n um ono mornnnonano. o nt
omnarct - oxastnarcx, nmnno +ro cnonnnn nyxarcx n ronxonannn, xax nnxaxo
yro cnyranno.
nnmmy con nonc n nnxoxr n ronony cocrnnnt nocxoxnnx na rot, a on
ncnomnnar, uro onn ro snaxomt nsar "osnn" (Rundschau), n xoroom
ocyxamrcx namn ornomnnx x antnnm cranam. axnm oasom, cxtrax mtcnt
cnonnnnx sct: oroxcrnnnn nnnmro con c nsarnm "osnnx".
3ct nt nnnr nont rnn ornomnnx mxy xnntm n cxtrtm +nmnramn
cnonnnnx. nt xnnxrcx n crontxo ncxaxnnm nocnnro, cxontxo ro
nsoaxnnm, narnxntm, xonxrntm ntaxnnm n oas, xoroo nmr cnonm
ncrounnxom cosnyun
cnon. naxo naroax +romy nonyuarcx onxrt ncxaxnn, noromy uro mt anno
satnn, ns xaxoro xonxrnoro oasa ntxonr cnono, n n ysnam ro n sammnnn oasom.
cnn nt noymar o rom, uro xnno cnonnnn cocronr nnmymcrnnno ns snrntntx
oason, x ns mtcn n cnon, ro moxr oraartcx, uro +romy nny ornomnnx
nnnanxnr ocoo snaunn n oasonannn cnonnnnx. t nnnr raxx, uro +rnm nyrm
moxno cosart n xnnom cnonnnnn nx nnoro xa acraxrntx mtcn sammammn
oast, xorot cnyxar namnnm cxtrt nx. 3ro ra x rxnnxa yca. rxya raxn
nsoaxnnx nnoramr ocroymnt xaaxr, +ro ocot nonoc, xorooro mt sct
moxm n xacartcx.
urnrom nn ornomnnx mxy xnntm n cxtrtm +nmnramn cnonnnnx x
ymonuy, noxa nama rxnnxa n orxor nam ro oconnocrt. o n rora x n an t nonnoro
nuncnnnx +rnx ornomnn, nx namnx x nn ocrarouno n +roro.
crt y nac rnt myxcrno mnrtcx na ronxonann nnoro cnonnnnx? nam
nontrxy n nocmornm, ocrarouno nn mt nororonnnt nx mnnx +ro saaun.
asymrcx, x nty n camo nnonxrno cnonnnn, a ocranonnmct na raxom, xoroo
xoomo oraxar ro cnocrna.
rax, monoax, no yx anno ntmmax samyx ama nnnr con: ona cnnr c myxm n
rar, ona nononnna nara conmnno nycra. myx accxastnar , uro 3nnsa . n
xnnx rox xornn norn, no cmornn ocrart rontxo nnoxn mcra, rn sa 1 ]n. 50 x.,* a
nt raxn mcra onn n mornn nsxrt. na cunrar, uro +ro n a.
no, uro coomar nam nnnmax con, - +ro ro, uro nono x cnonnnnm yxasan n
xnnom cnonnnnn.
----------------------------------------
* 1 ]nonn 50 xnon. - nm. . nnoa.
Myx crnnrntno accxasan , uro 3nnsa ., snaxomax, nnmno rx x nr,
oyunnact. nonnnn xnnxrcx axnn na +ro coomnn. Mt yx snam, uro noont
nono n nxnnannxx nx naxanyn cnonnnnx nryno oxasart no mnornx cnonnnnxx,
n nnnmn con uacro s sarynnn amr raxn yxasannx. axn x cnnnx nnnmax
con ar n no nonoy yrnx +nmnron xnnoro cnonnnnx. rxya nsxnact rant, uro
nononnna nara n sanxra? 3ro namx na antno cotrn nomno nnn. na mnna
norn na nsncrno rarantno ncrannnn n sanaronmnno xynnna nnrt, no rax
ano, uro onxna tna onnarnrt sa +ro, xora x onn nnmnn n rar, oxasanoct, uro
saort tnn nanacnt, noromy uro ona nononnna nara tna nourn nycra. na t n
onosana, cnn t xynnna nnrt ax n nt ncrannnnx. myx n nmnnyn
noasnnrt sa +ry nocnmnocrt. rxya 1 ]n. 50 x.? 3ro ornocnrcx x concm yromy n n
nmr nnuro omro c ntymnm, no n ryr crt namx na nsncrn nocnnro nx.
nncrxa nonyunna or cnoro myxa n noaox 150 ]n., n +ra ya n namna nnuro nyumro,
xax noxart x mnnny n ncrarnrt ntrn na yxamnnx. orxya rn? +rom ona
nnuro n snar, cnn rontxo n cunrart ro mtcnn, uro nncra 3nnsa . ncro nnmt na rn
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mcxna monox , a ona nourn cxrt nr samyxm. uro +ro sa nnnocrt art rn nnra,
xora nmt n rar nnom? a +ro ona nnuro n ornuar n noom orxastnarcx or
antnmnx oxcnnn.
o +rn nnmmn n ronony mtcnn n rax ann nam ocrarouno marnana, urot
moxno tno ysnart cxtrt mtcnn cnonnnnx. amar na cx nnnmann ro, uro n
coomnnxx x cnonnnnm n ncxontxnx mcrax nouxnnamrcx asnt coxn, naroax
umy mxy orntntmn uacrxmn ycranannnnarcx nuro om: ona cnnmxom ano xynnna
nnrt n rar, nocnmnna, rax uro onxna tna nnnarnrt; nncrxa noontm x
oasom nocnmnna cncrn ntrn mnnny, urot xynnrt yxamnnx, xax yro ona morna
+ro ynycrnrt. cnn +rn rax nouxnyrt "cnnmxom ano", "nocnmno" conocrannrt c
nonoom cnonnnnx, nsncrnm, uro nnxrntnnna, xoroax monox ncro na rn mcxna,
rnt nc-raxn namna c xoomro myxa, n c xnrnxo, ntasnnmcx n ocyxnnn
nncrxn: nnno rax roonnrtcx, ro camo coo nanamnnarcx cnymmn xo cxtrtx
mtcn cnonnnnx, ncxaxnntm samcrnrnm xorotx xnnxrcx xnno cnonnnn:
"nno tno c mo croont rax roonnrtcx c samyxcrnom. a nnm 3nnst x nnxy, uro
n nosx morna t narn myxa". (ocnmnocrt nsoaxna n nonnnn nn noxynx
nnron n n nonnnn nncrxn nn noxynx yxamnn. 3amyxcrno sammno nocmnnm
rara.) 3ro - rnannax mtcnt; moxr trt, mt mornn t noonxart, no c mntm
ynnnocrtm, noromy uro n +rom mcr anannsy nsaum tno t orxastnartcx or saxnnnn
nnnm con: "3a +rn ntrn x morna t nnocrn n 100 as nyum!" (150 ]n. n 100 as
ontm 1 ]n. 50 x.). cnn t mt mornn ntrn samnnrt nnantm, ro +ro osnauano t, uro
myxa noxynamr sa nnano; myx samnn yxamnnxmn n nnoxnmn nnramn. m nyum
tno t, cnn t +nmnr "rn nnra" nmn xaxo-nno ornomnn x myxy. o nam
nonnmann n nr rax anxo. Mt rontxo yraann, uro cnonnnn ntaxar nnxnn
x myxy n coxannn o cnnmxom annm samyxcrn.
o momy mnnnm, syntrar +roro nnoro ronxonannx cnonnnnx nac ontm
noaxar n cmymar, um yonnrnoxr. nnmxom yx mnoro na nac casy cnannnoct, ontm,
c um mt n cocroxnnn cnannrtcx. Mt yx samuam, uro n cmoxm asoartcx n rom,
uro moxr trt noyunrntnoro n +rom ronxonannn cnonnnnx. ocnmnm x nsnnut ro,
uro mt ysnann ncomnnno nonoro.
o-nntx, samuarntno, uro n cxtrtx mtcnxx rnannt axnnr naar na +nmnr
nocnmnocrn; n xnnom cnonnnnn nmnno o +rom nnuro nr. s anannsa mt t n mornn
nnonoxnrt, uro +ror momnr nrar xaxym-ro ont. 3naunr nosmoxno, uro xax as camo
rnanno ro, uro xnnxrcx nnrom ccosnarntntx mtcn, n xnnom cnonnnnn orcyrcrnyr.
naroax +romy conmnno mnxrcx nnuarnnn or ncro cnonnnnx. o-nrotx, n
cnonnnnn nmrcx acyno conocrannnn rn sa 1 ]n. 50 x., n mtcnxx cnonnnnx mt
yratnam ]asy: nnno tno (rax ano ntxonrt samyx). Moxno nn ornnart, uro +ra
mtcnt "nnno tno" ntaxna n xnnom cnonnnnn nmnno acyntm +nmnrom? -
rrtnx, cannnn noxastnar, uro ornomnn mxy xnntmn n cxtrtmn +nmnramn n
nocro, ono cocronr n n rom, uro onn xnnt +nmnr ncra sammar onn cxtrt. 3ro
cxo rynnono ornomnn mxy oonmn narxmn, nnyrn xorooro onn xnnt +nmnr
ncrannxrcx ncxontxnmn cxtrtmn nnn onn cxtrt moxr sammartcx ncxontxnmn
xnntmn.
ro xacarcx cmtcna cnonnnnx n ornomnnx x nmy nnnm con, ro o +rom moxno
tno t rox cxasart mnoro ynnnrntnoro. ana, ona nnsnar ronxonann, no
noaxarcx my. na n snana, uro nnxnrntno ornocnrcx x cnomy myxy, ona raxx n
snar, noumy ona x nmy rax ornocnrcx. rax, n +rom m mnoro nnonxrnoro.
crnnrntno ymam, uro mt m n roront x ronxonannm cnonnnn n nam nao cnauana
m noyunrtcx n nororonnrtcx.
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M KH
K
Vnaxamt amt n rocnoa! V nac nosnnxno nnuarnnn, uro mt cnnmxom ymnn nn.
nmcx nmnoro nasa. x um mt nnnnxnn nocnnmm nontrxy noonrt c
nomomtm nam rxnnxn rynocrn ncxaxnnx cnonnnnx, mt nonxnn, uro nyum tno t
oorn, nsxn raxn cnonnnnx, cnn onn nmmrcx, n xorotx ncxaxnn orcyrcrnyr nnn
ono ount nsnaunrntno. n +rom mt onxrt orom or ncronn asnnrnx namnx snann,
noromy uro n crnnrntnocrn na cymcrnonann raxnx cnoontx or ncxaxnnx
cnonnnn oarnnn nnnmann rontxo nocn nocnonarntnoro nnmnnnx rxnnxn
ronxonannx n nonnnx anannsa ncxaxnntx cnonnnn.
nonnnnx, xorot nam nyxnt, ncruamrcx y r. nn xarxn, xcnt, n ccnxsnt,
n nycmtcnnnt, nx nrxo nonxrt, n nc-raxn +ro cnonnnnx. o n ymar, uro nc
cnonnnnx r raxoro oa. n rcxom nosacr ount ano nacrynar ncxaxnn
cnonnnn; sanncant cnonnnnx nxrn-noctmnnrnnx r, xorot nmmr nc nnsnaxn
on nosnnx. o cnn nt orannunrct nosacrom c nauana nsncrno ymnno
xrntnocrn o urnroro nnn
nxroro roa, ro ncrrnrct c xom cnonnnn, xorot nmmr rax nastnamt
nn]anrnntnt xaaxr, a sarm orntnt cnonnnnx raxoro oa moxno narn n n on
nosnn rcxn rot. ax y nsocntx nn onnnntx ycnonnxx tnamr cnonnnnx,
noxoxn na rnnnuno nn]anrnntnt.
cnontsyx +rn rcxn cnonnnnx, mt c nrxocrtm n ynnnocrtm cnam ntnot o
cymnocrn cnonnnnx, xorot, xornm naxrtcx, yyr cymcrnnntmn n omnmn |nx ncx
cnonnnn|.1
1. nx nonnmannx +rnx cnonnnn n ryrcx ananns n ncnontsonann nam rxnnxn.
nao n accnamnnart nxa, accxastnammro cno cnonnnn. ocrarouno nmnoro
ononnnrt cnonnnn cnnnxmn ns xnsnn nxa. cra nmrcx xaxo-nnyt
nxnnann ntymro nx, oxcnxmm nam cnonnnn. nonnnn xnnxrcx
axnn ymnno xnsnn no cn na +ro nnuarnnn nx.
Mt xornm nnoxnrt nam ncxontxo nnmon, urot cnart m nxorot ntnot.
a) 22-mcxunt mantunx xax nosannrnt onxn nnoncrn xosnny nnmn. n
nar +ro c xnno noxoro, xorx my omamr, uro on cam nonyunr ncxontxo nnmn. Vrom
on accxastnar cno con: I()man cn nc nnmnn.
----------------------------------------
1 amnn ua x rcxnm cnonnnnxm tno oycnonnno ro om
(sanmcrnonanno ns +nonmnnonno xonnnnnn) ycranonxo o rom, uro n nocrmnx
ncnxnucxnx ]omax, n ocnoxnnntx nocnymmnm asnnrnm nnunocrn, omn
saxonomnocrn nnamnxn nocosnanamtx mornnon ntcrynamr n on sxom rnnnunom
ntaxnnn.
uaxrt nnnmsono annsannn nornocr n oasax cnonnnn ncnontsonannct
uom nx noxnnnnx cno om ronn, croxmcx na nornnononoxnnn
nnunn nnunocrn ycnonnxm cymcrnonannx n antnom mn.
) nouxa 3 1/4 nr nnnt xararcx na nox no osy. Kora nao tno ntxonrt ns
noxn, ona n xorna +roro cnart n rotxo acnnaxanact. noxasanoct, uro nmx
norynxn nomno cnnmxom tcro. a cnymm yro ona cxasana: ronx noutm x
xaranact no osy. Mt mornn t nnannrt, uro +ra norynxa nnnact ontm.
n) 5 1/4-nrnro mantunxa nsxnn c coo na norynxy n 3mnrant nns Iannmrarra. n
cntman, uro Iannmrarr acnonoxn y nonoxnx axmrna. K +ro ro on noxnnxn
ontmo nnrc. s cnoro oma n ycs on mor xoomo nnrt axmrn, a n nosonym
ryy moxno tno asrnxrt na nm nmonnrmrr. nox n as ntrancx ynnrt n
nosonym ryy, nnsncrno, c xaxnm ycnxom. orynxa nauanact n nacronnn aocrnoro
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oxnannx. Kax rontxo noxnnxnact xaxax-nnyt nonax roa, mantunx cnamnnan: +ro
axmrn? m uam on nonyuan ornnarntnt ornr, rm ontm accrannancx, norom
concm samonuan n n saxorn ax nmnoro norn x noonay. ymann, uro on ycran, no na
cnymm yro on aocrno accxasan: cronx noutm x nnn no cn, uro mt tnn na
nmonnrmrr. n yuacrnonan n norynx, oxnax +roro momnra. noonocrxx on rontxo
cxasan, uro yx cntman antm: nonnmamrcx mcrt uacon nnx no crynntxam.
3rnx rx cnonnnn ocrarouno, urot nonyunrt nyxnt nam cnnnx.
2. Mt nnnm, uro +rn rcxn cnonnnnx n ccmtcnnnt; +ro nonxrnt, nonnonnnt
ymnnt axrt. cnomnnr, uro x rononn nam no nonoy mnnnncxoro cyxnnx o
cnonnnnn: +ro ro, uro nonyuarcx, xora n snammn mystxn cnoxouno nnar
xnannmn nnannno. t n moxr n samrnrt, xax sxo +rn rcxn cnonnnnx
nornnouar raxomy nonnmannm. o n cnnmxom nn cranno, uro nox n cocroxnnn no
cn nxnnart nonnonnnt ymnnt axrt, rora xax nsocnt onontcrnyrcx n rom x
cnyua cyooxntmn axnnxmn. V nac crt raxx nc ocnonannx nnonarart, uro con
nxa nyum n rnyx.
3. 3rn cnonnnnx nnmnt ncxaxnnx, no+romy onn n nyxamrcx n ronxonannn. nno
n cxtro cnonnnn connaamr. rax, ncxaxnn cnonnnnx n crt noxnnnn ro
cymnocrn. mm nnonoxnrt, uro y nac nn +rom xamnt cnannncx c ymn. o uacrnny
ncxaxnnx cnonnnnx, onnnno asnnun mxy xnntm coxannm cnonnnnx n ro
cxtrtmn mtcnxmn mt nocn nxorooro asmtmnnnx nnsnam n sa +rnmn cnonnnnxmn.
4. rcxo cnonnnn xnnxrcx axnn na nxnnann nx, xoroo ocrannno
coxannn, rocxy, nncnonnnno xnann. nonnnn ar nxmo, nnnxtro
ncnonnnn +roro xnannx. cnomnnr rnt namn accyxnnx o onn ]nsnucxnx
asaxnn, nnmnnx n nnyrnnnx, xax naymnrn cna n noynrn cnonnnn. Mt
ysnann conmnno ocronnt ]axrt no +romy nonoy, no raxnm oasom mornn oxcnnrt
nnmt nontmo uncno cnonnnn. +rnx rcxnx cnonnnnxx nnuro n cnnrntcrnyr o
crnnn raxnx comarnucxnx asaxnn; n +rom mt n moxm omnnrtcx, rax xax
cnonnnnx conmnno nonxrnt n n nnx ryno uro-nnyt n samrnrt. naxo +ro n
sacrannxr nac ornnart noncxoxnn cnonnnn or asaxnn. Mt rontxo moxm
cnocnrt, noumy mt c camoro nauana satnn, uro, xom ]nsnucxnx, crt m n ymnnt
asaxnnx, naymammn con? Mt nt snam, uro +rn nonnnnx ontm ncro ntstnamr
naymnn cna y nsocnoro unonxa, mmax ycranonnrt ymnno cocroxnn sactnannx,
nannx nnrca x mny. nonxy n
xourcx ntnart xnsnt, on noonxar aory na sannmammnmn ro nmamn n
no+romy n cnnr. nx nxa raxnm mmammnm cnart asaxnnm xnnxrcx
nncnonnnno xnann, na xoroo on arnyr cnonnnnm.
5. rcma mt xaruamnm nyrm nnxonm x oxcnnnm ]ynxnnn cnonnnnx.
nonnnn, yyun axnn na ncnxnucxo asaxnn, onxno trt annosnauno
ocnooxnnm or +roro asaxnnx, rax uro ono ycranxrcx, a con moxr noonxartcx.
Kax nnamnucxn ocymcrnnxrcx +ro ocnooxnn naroax cnonnnnm, mt m n
snam, no yx samuam, uro cnonnnn xnnxrcx n naymnrnm cna, xax +ro my
nnnnctnarcx, a orar ro, ycranxr naymnnx cna. ana, nam xaxrcx, uro mt
nyum cnann t, cnn t n tno cnonnnnx, no mt n nant; n crnnrntnocrn s
nomomn cnonnnnx mt noom t n cnann. my mt oxsant, uro nocnann xorx t n rax.
no n morno nmnoro n nommart nam, noono nounomy crooxy, xorot n moxr
concm n mymrt, noronxx naymnrn noxox, xorot xorxr asynrt nac mymom.
6. Inanno xaaxrno uro cnonnnnx xnnxrcx ro, uro ono noyxarcx xnannm,
ncnonnnn +roro xnannx cranonnrcx coxannm cnonnnnx. yro raxo x
nocroxnno uro xnnxrcx ro, uro cnonnnn n nocro ntaxar mtcnt, a ncrannxr
coo rannmnnnarono nxnnann ncnonnnnx xnannx. xnana t. xarartcx no osy,
rnacnr xnann, ntstnamm cnonnnn, coxann cnonnnnx: x xaramct no osy.
asnnun mxy cxtrtm n xnntm cnonnnnm, ncxaxnn cxtro mtcnn cnonnnnx
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ocrarcx n n +rnx nocrtx rcxnx cnonnnnxx, n +ro - nnamnn mtcnn n nxnnann.
n ronxonannn cnonnnnx nao nx ncro onayxnrt nmnno +ro uacrnuno
nsmnnn. cnn t +ra xaaxrnax ura oxasanact om ncm cnonnnnxm, ro
nnnnnt ntm ]armnr cnonnnnx: x nnxy cnoro ara n xmnx - nao tno t
nonnmart n xax "mo ar orannunnarcx", a xax "x xorn t, urot mo ar orannunncx,
mo ar onxn orannunrtcx". unnno, uro ns nyx nnnnntx xaaxrntx ur
cnonnnnx y nroo ontm mancon trt nnsnanno s nosaxnn, um y nno. ontxo
mnorouncnnnt nccnonannx moryr ycranonnrt, uro nosynrnm cnonnnnx onxno
trt ncra xnann, a n onacnn, namnn nnn ynx, no yrax xaaxrnax ura,
xoroax saxnmuarcx n rom, uro cnonnnn n nocro nar +ro asaxnn, a
nxamar, ycranxr, ynnuroxar ro nn nomomn ocooro oa nxnnannx, ocrarcx
nnoxonnmo.
7. cxox ns +rnx xaaxrntx ur cnonnnnx, mt moxm onxrt nnyrtcx x
cannnnm cnonnnnx c omnountm crnnm. nocnnm mt asnnuann naymammym n
naymnnym rnnnnm, a omnouno crnn tno xomnomnccom mxy onmn. a x
camax cxma noxonr n nx cnonnnnx. aymnno rnnnn n n moxr trt xnann
cnart. aymammym rnnnnm mt samnxm ncnxnucxnm asaxnnm, ro crt
xnannm, xoroo crmnrcx x cnomy ncnonnnnm, rax xax o cnx no mt n nnnn
nnxaxoro yroro ncnxnucxoro asaxnnx, naymammro con. sct cnonnnn
xnnxrcx syntrarom xomnomncca. nnmt, no nxnnamt ycrannn xnannx;
yonnrnoxmt xnann n noonxamt cnart. ro n yro oruacrn ocymcrnnxrcx,
oruacrn nr.
. cnomnnr, xax mt ntrannct onaxt narn nyrt x nonnmannm cnonnnn ncxox ns
ount nonxrntx oasonann ]anrasnn, rax nastnamtx "cnon naxny". 3rn cnt naxny
crnnrntno xnnxmrcx ncnonnnnm xnann, ucronmnntx n +ornucxnx, xorot nam
xoomo nsncrnt, no onn mtcnnnt, n xorx xnno ncrannxmrcx, no nnxora n
nxnnamrcx rannmnnnarono. axnm oasom, ns nyx xaaxrntx ur cnonnnnx sct
ocrarcx mn ocronnax, n ro nmx xax nroax, sanncxmax or cocroxnnx cna n n
annsymax n ocrnonannn, conmnno ornaar. n xstx crt raxx namx na ro, uro
ncnonnnn xnannx xnnxrcx ocnonno xaaxrno uro cnonnnnx. Mxy nounm,
cnn nxnnann n cnonnnnn xnnxrcx rontxo nnamnntm ncrannnnm, r. .
"nountm cnom naxny", nosmoxntm naroax cocroxnnm cna, ro mt yx nonnmam, uro
noncc oasonannx cnonnnnx moxr ycrannrt nouno asaxnn n nnncrn
yonnrnonn, noromy uro n cnt naxny xnnxmrcx xrntnocrtm, cnxsanno c
yonnrnonnm, n nt rontxo ns-sa +roro nm n oramrcx.
rontxo +ro, no n yrn omynornrntnt ntaxnnx nmmr ror x cmtcn.
sncrnt noronoxn yrnxamr: cnnnt cnnrcx xnyt, rycm - xyxyysa; nnn cnamnnamr:
uro nnnr no cn xynna? oco. oronoxa nr, cnonarntno, antm, um mt, - or
nxa x xnnornomy - n yrnxar, uro coxann cna xnnxrcx yonnrnonnm
nornocrn. Mnorn ntaxnnx, no-nnnmomy, nornxamr +ro, nannm: "nxacno,
xax no cn", "+roro n no cn n ynnnmt", "x t n mor c +ro ncrannrt ax n camom
notuanom cn". Vnornnn n xstx raxnx ntaxnn, ounnno, rononr n namy
nontsy. ana, crt cramnt cnonnnnx n cnonnnnx c nnnxrntm nnn sasnnuntm
coxannm, no nx cnonoynornnn n n xocnynoct. Xorx mt n rononm o "yntx" cnax,
no nx namro xstxa cnonnnn nc anno ocrarcx rontxo ncnonnnnm xnannx. r nn
ono noronoxn, xoroax t yrnxana, uro cnnntx nnn ryct nnnn no cn, xax nx
saxantnamr.
Konuno, nmtcnnmo, urot cront xaaxrnax ura cnonnnnx, ntaxammaxcx n
ncnonnnnn xnannx, n tna t samuna anroamn, nncanmnmn o cnonnnnxx. 3ro
noncxonno ount uacro, no nn onomy ns nnx n nnmno n ronony nnsnart om
xaaxrno uro n cunrart +ro xnmuntm momnrom n oxcnnnn cnonnnn. Mt
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moxm c xoomo ncrannrt, uro nx morno or +roro yxnnart, n m xocnmcx +roro
nonoca.
o nocmornr, cxontxo cnnn mt nonyunnn ns ntcoxo onnnntx namn rcxnx
cnonnnn n nourn s rya. uynxnnx cnonnnnx xax craxa cna, ro nosnnxnonnn ns
nyx xonxynymmnx rnnnn, ns xorotx ona ocrarcx nocroxnno - xnann cna, a
yrax crmnrcx yonnrnonrt ncnxnucxo asaxnn; oxasarntcrno, uro cnonnnn
xnnxrcx ocmtcnnntm ncnxnucxnm axrom; o ro xaaxrnt urt: ncnonnnn xnannx
n rannmnnnarono nxnnann. nn +rom mt nourn satnn, uro sannmamcx
ncnxoanannsom. Kom cnxsn c omnountmn crnnxmn n nam aor n tno nnuro
cnnn]nucxoro. mo ncnxonor, nnuro n snammn o ncxontx nnonoxnnxx
ncnxoanannsa, mor t art +ro oxcnnn rcxnx cnonnnn. oumy x nnxro +roro n
cnan?
cnn t nc cnonnnnx tnn raxnmn x, xax rcxn, ro nonma tna t mna,
nama saaua ntnonnna, n n nyxno tno t accnamnnart nnnmro con, nnnnxart
ccosnarntno n nontsonartcx cnoono acconnann. o n +rom-ro, ounnno, n cocronr
nama antnmax saaua. am ontr yx n as
noxastnan, uro xaaxrnt urt, xorot cunramrcx omnmn, nornxamrcx sarm
rontxo nx onnnnoro nna n uncna cnonnnn. ut, cnonarntno, nr o rom,
ocramrcx nn n cnn orxtrt naroax rcxnm cnonnnnxm omn xaaxrnt urt,
roxrcx nn onn nx rx nxcntx cnonnnn, xnno coxann xorotx n onayxnnar
ornomnnx x xaxomy-ro ocranmmycx xnannm. Mt nnxnnamcx mnnnx, uro +rn yrn
cnonnnnx nrnnn rnyoxo ncxaxnn n no+romy o nnx nntsx cynrt casy. Mt raxx
nnonaram, uro nx nx oxcnnnx noxonma ncnxoanannrnucxax rxnnxa, xoroax n
tna nam nyxna nx nonnmannx rcxnx cnonnnn.
mrcx, nnoum, m onn xnacc nncxaxnntx cnonnnn, n xorotx, xax n n
rcxnx, nrxo ysnart ncnonnnn xnannx. 3ro r, xorot ntstnamrcx n runn nc
xnsnn nmnarnnntmn nornocrxmn rna: ronoom, xaxo, cxcyantno nornocrtm, r.
. xnnxmrcx ncnonnnnm xnann xax axnnn na nnyrnnn comarnucxn asaxnnx.
ax, x sanncan cnonnnn 19-mcxuno nouxn, xoroo cocroxno ns mnm c nnannnnm
nmnn (nna u., smnxnnxa, mannna, xnunnna, xama). nonnnn xnnnoct axnn na
nt ronoonxn ns-sa accrocrna nnmnannx, ntsnannoro xax as nymx ynomxnyrtmn
xroamn. ro x nmx n aymxa, nosacr xoroo nmcr c nosacrom nnyuxn cocrannn
cmtcxr nr, ncncrnn cnoxocrna ns-sa nyxamm nouxn onxna tna nnt nt
ronoart, n n ry x nout cnnnoct, uro nnrnacnnn n rocrn n yromamr camtmn nyumnmn
naxomcrnamn. anmnnx sa saxnmunntmn, xorotx sacrannxmr ronoart, n sa nnnamn,
rnxmnmn nnmnnx n nyrmcrnnxx n +xcnnnnxx, cnnrntcrnymr o rom, uro n +rnx
ycnonnxx onn nocroxnno nnxr no cn yonnrnonn +rnx nornocr. ax, rro
onmnt n cno xnnr nraxrnxa (1904) coomar o snmonanm c nnm xoman
(r. 1, c. 366 n cn.): " nanannnnocrn namnx coxonnnmnx mtcn ount xcno rononnn
namn cnonnnnx, xorot nnxora nx n tnn cront xxn n mnorouncnnnt. ax r
namn ronanmn, xorot nnnn cnt n ncxnmunrntntx cnyuaxx, rnt no yram, xora mt
omnnnannct cnonmn nxnnannxmn ns +roro ]anracrnucxoro mna, mornn accxastnart
nnnnt ncronn. o ncx nnx ut mna o rom nnmnm mn, xorot tn rnt rax anx
or nac, no uacro onn nmnn ornomnn n x namnm roramnnm ycnonnxm. a n nnrt tnn
nnrom, noxyr xorooro uam ncro namannct namn cnonnnnx. nn ns nac, xorot
oconno uacro nacnaxancx rannosntmn nountmn nnamn, tn or ymn a, cnn yrom
mor coomnrt, "uro cn o ns rx nm"; yro nnn no cn raax, nnt rot raaxy;
rrtn - xoant, na ncx naycax nnnnxammncx ns orxtroro mox. 3acnyxnnar
ynomnnannx m ono cnonnnn: xnnxrcx nouranton c nouro n nnnno oxcnxr, noumy
nnmnoct rax onro xart, on nnannntno can n my c ontmnm ryom yanoct
nonyunrt oarno. Konuno, no nmx cna nac sannmann m on nnosmoxnt nmn, no
nourn no ncx cnonnnnxx, xorot nnn x cam nnn o xorotx cntman, noaxar nocrt
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]anrasnn. cnn t nc +rn cnonnnnx tnn sanncant, +ro, ncomnnno, ncrannno t
ontmo ncnxonornucxn nnrc. o nrxo nonxrt, xaxnm xnanntm tn nx nac con,
noromy uro on mor art nam nc, uro xaxt ontm ncro xnan". Hnrnym m no m
nm (15, 231): "Mynro ax, nornanmn or xaxt no nmx nyrmcrnnx no ]nx,
cntnno nnn no cn mnoronont onnnt n nyra cno onnt. ax n myunmt
ronoom nx nnn cx no cn n ternschanze n Maryr, oxyxnntm
ocxomntmn oamn, a Ior axx, yuacrnnx nno +xcnnnnn uanxnnna, xora
ncncrnn nntnocnmtx nnmnn tn nnsox x ronono cmrn, nocroxnno nnn no cn
onntnt ot".
omy, xro sa yxnnom cr ocrym nnmy, ntstnammym xaxy, nrxo moxr nncnnrtcx,
uro on ntr. asymrcx, nnosmoxno yonnrnonrt cnntnym nornocrt n nnn nnrt
nn nomomn cnonnnnx; or raxnx cnonnnn noctnamtcx c uyncrnom xaxt n
nannnamtcx not no-nacroxmmy. ocrnxnn cnonnnnx n +rom cnyua naxrnucxn
nsnaunrntno, no n mn ounnno, uro ono nosnnxno c nntm n onycrnrt asaxnn,
sacrannxmm nocnyrtcx n crnonart. n nsnaunrntno cnn +rnx nornocr cnt,
nnnocxmn yonnrnonn, uacro nnonn nomoramr.
ouno rax x cnonnnn ar yonnrnonn cxcyantntx asaxnn, no ono nmr
oconnocrn, o xorotx cronr ynomxnyrt. cncrnn ocooro cnocrna cxcyantnoro
nnunnx n mntm crnnn sanncrt or oxra, um nn rono n xax, yonnrnonn n
cnonnnnn c nonnmnnxmn moxr trt antntm, a ns-sa onnnntx rynocr n
ornomnnxx c oxrom, o um mt cxaxm nosx, ount uacro antno yonnrnonn
cnxsano c nxcntm nnn ncxaxnntm coxannm cnonnnnx. 3ra oconnocrt cnonnnnx
c nonnmnnxmn nar nx, xax samrnn . anx (1912a), yontmn oxramn nx nsyunnx
ncxaxnnx cnonnnnx. noum, nc cnonnnnx nsocntx, cnxsannt c yonnrnonnm
nornocrn, xom yonnrnonnx coxar mnoro yro, uro noncxonr ns uncro
ncnxnucxnx ncrounnxon asaxnnx n nx cnoro nonnmannx nyxarcx n ronxonannn.
noum, mt n xornm yrnxart, uro oasymt no rnny rcxnx cnonnnnx
nsocntx c ncnonnnnm xnannx xnnxmrcx rontxo axnnxmn na rax
nastnamt nmnarnnnt nornocrn. am nsncrnt raxx xoorxn n xcnt
cnonnnnx raxoro rnna no noscrnnm onnnntx omnnnymmnx cnryann,
ncrounnxamn xorotx xnnxmrcx, ncomnnno, ncnxnucxn asaxnnx. axont, nannm,
cnonnnnx, |ntaxammn| nrnnn, xora xro-ro roronnrcx x nyrmcrnnm, naxno nx
nro ntcranx, oxnay, nnsnry n nnnr saan no cn ncnonnnn oxnamoro, r. . noutm
m o nacroxmro cotrnx ocrnrar nnn, nnnr cx n rar, cyr n rocrxx. nn rax
nastnamt "yont" cnonnnnx, xora xro-ro, xnax nonnrt con, nnnr, uro on yx
ncran, ymtnarcx nnn naxonrcx n mxon, n ro nmx xax n crnnrntnocrn noonxar
cnart, r. . nnounrar ncranart no cn, a n n crnnrntnocrn. nann cnart, no
nammy mnnnm, nocroxnno nnnnmamm yuacrn n oasonannn cnonnnnx, xnno
noxnnxrcx n +rnx cnonnnnxx xax cymcrnnnt ]axro oasonannx cnonnnnx.
ornocrt no cn c nonntm nanom sannmar mcro n xy yrnx ]nsnucxnx
nornocr.
a nnm noyxnnn xarnnt nnna ns axx-rann n Mmnxn x noxaxy nam,
xax nannntno nonxn xyoxnnx nosnnxnonnn cnonnnnx no omnnnymm cnryannn. 3ro
"nonnnn ysnnxa", coxann xorooro n uro nno, xax ro ocnooxnn.
nmuarntno, uro ocnooxnn onxno ocymcrnnrtcx us oxno, noromy uro us oxno
nonnxar cnrono asaxnn, or xorooro ysnnx noctnarcx. roxmn yr sa yrom
rnomt ncrannxmr ro cocrnnnt nocnonarntnt nonoxnnx nn nontrx ntnsrn
nnx x oxny n, cnn x n omnamct n n nnnnctnam namnnm xyoxnnxa cnnmxom
mnororo, croxmn ntm ncx rnom, xorot nnnnnnar mrxy, r. . nar ro, uro xorn
t cnart cam ysnnx, nmr ro urt nnna.
o ncx yrnx cnonnnnxx, xom rcxnx n yxasanntx, nn]anrnntntx no cnomy
rnny, xax cxasano, ncxaxnn nosnnrar na namm nyrn nrat. Mt noxa m n moxm
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cxasart, xnnxmrcx nn n onn ncnonnnnm xnannx, xax mt nnonaram; ns nx xnnoro
coxannx mt n snam, xaxomy ncnxnucxomy asaxnnm onn oxsant cnonm
noncxoxnnm, n mt n moxm oxasart, uro onn raxx crmxrcx ycrannrt +ro
asaxnn. nn, noxrno, onxnt trt ncronxonant, r. . nnnt, nx ncxaxnn
nao ycrannrt, xnno coxann samnnrt cxtrtm, nx um cnart ntno, uro
orxtro namn n rcxnx cnonnnnxx nornxarcx nx ncx cnonnnn.
KH
H3V
Vnaxamt amt n rocnoa! Mt nosnaxomnnnct c nosnnxnonnnm, cymnocrtm n
]ynxnn cnonnnnx, nsyuax cnonnnnx r. nonnnnx xnnxmrcx ycrannnm
naymammnx con (ncnxnucxnx) asaxnn nyrm rannmnnnaronoro yonnrnonnx.
ana, ns cnonnnn nsocntx mt cmornn oxcnnrt rontxo ony rynny, xoroym mt
nasnann cnonnnnxmn nn]anrnntnoro rnna. Kax ocronr no c yrnmn cnonnnnxmn, mt
noxa n snam, mt raxx n n nonnmam nx. oxa mt nonyunnn syntrar, snaunn xorooro
n xornm noonnnnart. cxxn as, xora cnonnnn nam aconmrno nonxrno, ono
xnnxrcx rannmnnnarontm ncnonnnnm xnannx. axo connann n moxr trt
cnyuantm n nsnaunrntntm.
cxox ns nxorotx cooaxnn n no ananornn c nonnmannm omnountx crnn
mt nnonaram, uro cnonnnn yroro oa xnnxrcx ncxaxnntm samcrnrnm nx
nnsncrnoro coxannx n rontxo nm onxno oxcnxrtcx. ccnonann, nonnmann +roro
ncxaxnnx cnonnnnx n xnnxrcx nam nnxam saau.
cxaxnn cnonnnnx - +ro ro, uro nam xaxrcx n nm cranntm n nnonxrntm. Mt
xornm mnoro ysnart o nm: no-nntx, orxya ono rcx, ro nnamnsm, no-nrotx, uro
ono nar n, naxonn, xax ono +ro nar. Mt moxm raxx cxasart, uro ncxaxnn
cnonnnnx - +ro noyxr aort cnonnnnx. Mt xornm onncart aory cnonnnnx n
yxasart na crnymmn nn +rom cnnt.
rnt ntcnymar nnm cnonnnnx. ro sanncana ama namro xyra,* no
cnonam, ono nnnanxnr ono nournno ntcoxooasonanno ncrano am. nanns
+roro cnonnnnx n tn nonsnn. ama ]nrxa samuar, uro nx ncnxoanannrnxa
ono n nyxarcx n ronxonannn. ama nnnmax con ro n ronxonana, no ona ntcxasana o nm
cno cyxnn, xax yro ona cymna t ro ncronxonart. or xax ona ntcxasanact o nm: n
raxax ornarnrntnax rnynocrt cnnrcx xnmnn 50 nr, xoroax nt n nout n nmr yrnx
mtcn, xom saort o cnom nx.
nor n cnonnnn o "nmonno cnyx". "na ornannxrcx n rannsonnt rocnnrant
No 1 n rononr uaconomy y noor, uro nyxno norononrt c rnanntm nauom (ona nastnar
nsnaxomo nmx), rax xax ona xour nocrynnrt na cnyxy n rocnnrant. n +rom ona rax
nouxnnar cnono "cnyxa", uro ynr-o]nn roruac oratnarcx, uro ut nr o
"nmonno cnyx". ax xax ona craax xnmnna, ro on nonycxar nocn nxorooro
xonannx. o nmcro roro urot norn x rnannomy nauy, ona nonaar n ontmym rmnym
xomnary, r noxyr nnnnoro crona cnnr n cronr mnoro o]nnon n nonntx nau. na
oamarcx co cnonm nnoxnnm x xaxomy-ro mranomy nauy, xorot nonnmar c
ncxontxnx cnon. ocnonno ut no cn cnymmax: " n mnorn yrn xnmnnt n
monot nymxn nt roront conaram, xontm n o]nn-
----------------------------------------
* Iocnoxa - ]on Iyr-Inntmyr (1915).
am s asnnunx." 3ct n cnonnnn cnyr xaxo-ro omorann. o ro, uro
nannntno nonxnn, nnno no oruacrn cmymnnomy, oruacrn nyxanomy ntaxnnm nnn
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o]nnon. ama noonxar: " snam, uro nam mnn ncxontxo cranno, no ono nx nac
usntuano ctsno. onara na non ox rox n cnamnnamr, xour on ymnart nnn nr".
nyr mnnyrno myunrntno monuann. rano nau onnmar sa rannm n rononr:
"Mnnocrnnax rocyatnx, ncrantr c, uro no crnnrntno omno t o .
(omorann)". na ocnooxarcx or ro oxrnn c mtcntm: "c onn onnaxont" - n
nosaxar: "Iocnon, x craax xnmnna n, moxr trt, n oxaxyct n raxom nonoxnnn.
noum, ono ycnonn onxno trt conmno: yur nosacra; urot nmonoax ama
concm monoomy nanm. (omorann); +ro tno t yxacno". rano nau: " nxacno
nonnmam". xorot o]nnt, n cn nnx ror, xro cnan n monoocrn nnoxnn,
romxo cmmrcx, n ama xnar, urot nononnn x snaxomomy rnannomy nauy nx
oxonuarntnoro ntxcnnnx. n +rom, x nnnxomy cmymnnm, nnxonr n ronony, uro ona
n snar ro nmnn. rano nau rm nmnm ount nxnnno nnarar nonxrtcx na
nxnn +rax no ysxo xnsno nnnrono ncrnnn, xoroax nr nxmo ns xomnart na
nxnn +raxn. onnmaxct, ona cntmnr, xax onn o]nn rononr: "3ro xonoccantno
mnn, sasnnuno, monoax nnn craax; nyxno orart onxno". uyncrnom, uro nocro
ntnonnxr cno onr, ona nonnmarcx no cxonuno ncrnnn".
3ro cnonnnn nonroxrcx na norxxnnn ncxontxnx nnt m na asa c
conmnno nsnaunrntntmn n onontno ccmtcnnntmn nsmnnnxmn, xax samuar
ama.
cnom runnn cnonnnn coornrcrnyr nnno ]anrasnn: n nm mano ntnon,
nxorot uacrnocrn n ro coxannn mornn t trt asxcnnt accnocamn, uro, xax nt
snar, n tno. o camo samuarntno n nnrcno nx nac ro, uro n cnonnnnn crt
ncxontxo nonycxon, nonycxon n n nocnomnnannn, a n coxannn. rx mcrax
coxann xax t crro; un, n xorotx nmmrcx nonycxn, ntnamrcx omorannm.
ax xax mt n nononnn anannsa, ro, croro ronox, n nmm nana uro-nno rononrt o
cmtcn cnonnnnx. ana, n nm crt namxn, ns xorotx moxno xo-uro saxnmunrt,
nannm, ntaxnn "nmonnax cnyxa", no uacrn un, nnoccrnnno nmcrnymmn
omorannm, rymr nx ncro ononnnn, xorot moryr nmrt onn cmtcn. cnn mt
nx ncnontsym, ro nonyunrcx ]anrasnx raxoro coxannx, uro nnnmax con rorona,
ncnonnxx narnornucxn onr, nocrannrt cx nx yonnrnonnx nmonntx
nornocr nonntx, xax o]nnon, rax n xontx. 3ro, sycnonno, conmnno
nnnnnuno, oasn sxo nnnosno ]anrasnn, no n cnonnnnn +roro nonc nr. Kax
as ram, r xo mtcn nnnn t x +romy nnsnannm, n xnnom cnonnnnn nxcno
omorann, uro-ro yrauno nnn noannno.
t cornacnrct, namct, uro nmnno nnnnnun +rnx mcr tno mornnom nx nx
noannnnx. I, onaxo, narn ananornm +romy cnyuam? namn nn nam n nnrcx
onro ncxart. ostmnr xaxym-nnyt nonnrnucxym rasry, n nt nar, uro n ncxontxnx
mcrax rxcr nsxr, na ro mcr cnrnrcx nax ymara. t snar, uro +ro no rasrno
nnsyt. a +rnx nycrtx mcrax tno uro-ro, uro n nonannnoct ntcoxnm nnsyntm
nnacrxm n no+romy tno yanno. t ymar, xax xant, +ro tno, moxr trt, camo
nnrcno, "camo nyum mcro".
yrnx cnyuaxx nnsya oxastnar cno crnn n na roront rxcr. nro
nnnn, xaxn ntcxastnannx moryr ntsnart nosaxnnx nnsyt, n nycmornrntno
cmxrunn nx, cnrxa nsmnnn nnn yonontcrnonancx namxamn n nnonntm nsnoxnnm roro,
uro xorn cxasart. ora n rasr nr nycrtx mcr, a no nxorotm namxam n nxcnocrxm
ntaxnnx nt moxr oraartcx, uro ronannx nnsyt yx saan nnnxrt no
nnnmann.
ym nnxnnartcx +roro cannnnx. Mt yrnxam, uro nonymnnt, cxtrt sa
omorannm cnona cnonnnnx nnncnt n xrny nnsy. Mt nxmo rononm o nnsy
cnonnnnx, xoroo cnyr nnnncart nsncrno yuacrn n ncxaxnnn cnonnnnx. s,
r n xnnom cnonnnnn crt nonycxn, n nnx nnnonara nnsya cnonnnnx. am cnonano
t norn m antm n cunrart, uro crnn nnsyt cxastnarcx xaxt as ram, r
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+nmnr cnonnnnx ncnomnnarcx oconno cnao, nonnnno n c comnnnm no
cannnnm c yrnmn, on xcntmn +nmnramn. o nnsya xo noxnnxrcx rax
orxonnno, rax, xornoct t cxasart, nannno, xax n nnm cnonnnnx o "nmonno
cnyx". Ioaso uam nnsya noxnnxrcx no nroomy rnny, nocrannxx na mcro roro, uro
onxno trt, cmxrunno, nnnnsnrntno, namxamm.
rn cnoco crnnx nnsyt nntsx cannnrt c nnmamn rasrno nnsyt; no x
mory nomoncrnonart ro na yx noanannsnonannom nnm cnonnnnx. cnomnnr
cnonnnn c "rmx nnoxnmn nnramn n rar sa 1 ]n. 50 x.". cxtrtx mtcnxx +roro
cnonnnnx na nnom mcr tn +nmnr "nocnmno, cnnmxom ano". 3ro osnauano: nnno
tno rax ano ntxonrt samyx, raxx ccmtcnnno tno noxynart rax ano nnrt n rar,
cmmno tno co croont nncrxn rax nocnmno ncrarnrt ntrn na yxamnnx. r +roro
nnrantnoro +nmnra cnonnnnx nnuro n ocranoct n xnnom cnonnnnn; n nm
nnr rxxcrn nmcrnncx na nocmnn rara n noxynxy nnron. naroax +romy
cmmnnm axnnra, +ro nrynnnonx +nmnron coxannx xnno cnonnnn
cranonnrcx nacrontxo nnoxoxnm na cxtrt mtcnn cnonnnnx, uro mt n n noosnam o
nannunn +rnx nocnnnx sa nntm. 3ro cmmnn axnnra xnnxrcx rnanntm ccrnom
ncxaxnnx cnonnnnx n nnar cnonnnnm ry crannocrt, ns-sa xoroo nnnmn con
cam n xorn t nnsnart ro sa cocrnnnt noyxr.
onycx, mon]nxannx, nrynnnonxa marnana - raxont crnnx nnsyt
cnonnnnx n ccrna ro ncxaxnnx. ama nnsya cnonnnnx xnnxrcx nnunno nnn
ono ns nnunn ncxaxnnx cnonnnnx, nsyunnm xorooro mt rnt sammcx.
Mon]nxannm n nrynnnonxy mt nnntxnn nastnart "cmmnnm" (Verschieung).
ocn +rnx samuann o crnnn nnsyt cnonnnnx oarnmcx x nonocy o
nnamnsm. amct, nt n nocnnnnmar ntaxnn cnnmxom anronomo]no n n
ncrannxr c nnsoa cnonnnnx manntxnm crornm unonuxom nnn yxom,
nocnnnmnmcx n mosronom xnyoux n orrya ynannxmmnm namn, no n cnxstnar ro
raxx n c nocrancrnnntm ncrannnnm o xaxom-ro "mosronom nnr", oxastnammm
raxo nnsynymm nnnxnn, xoroo nxarnnoct t c naymnnm nnn yannnm +roro
nnra. oxa +ro n on um nctma yont rmnn nx oosnaunnx nnamnucxoro
ornomnnx. 3ro cnono n mmar nam saart nonoc, xaxn rnnnnn n na xaxn +nmnrt
cnonnnnx oxastnamr +ro nnnxnn, mt n ynnnmcx raxx, ysnan, uro antm yx
cranxnnannct c nnsyo cnonnnnx, moxr trt, n ysnan .
+ro tno crnnrntno rax. cnomnnr, c xaxnm noasnrntntm ]axrom mt
ncrrnnnct, xora nauann nnmnxrt namy rxnnxy cnoono acconnannn. Mt
nouyncrnonann rora, uro namn ycnnnx nrn or +nmnra cnonnnnx x ro
ccosnarntnomy, samcrnrnm xorooro on xnnxrcx, naronxnynnct na conornnnnn. Mt
rononnn, uro +ro conornnnnn asnnuarcx no cno nnnunn, n onnx cnyuaxx ono
oromno, n yrnx nsnaunrntno. nocnnm cnyua nx aort ronxonannx nyxno tno
rontxo ncxontxo nomxyrountx snntn, no cnn ono tno nnnxo, rora mt onxnt tnn
anannsnonart nnnnt nnouxn acconnann or +nmnra, anxo yxonnn t or nro n
ntnyxnt tnn t noonnart mnoro rynocr n nn xnrnucxnx nosaxnn nornn
+rnx acconnann. o, uro nn ronxonannn noxnnxrcx xax conornnnnn, rnt n aor
cnonnnnx ntcrynar ro nnsyo. onornnnnn ronxonannm - +ro rontxo oxrnnannx
nnsyt cnonnnnx. no oxastnar nam, uro cnna nnsyt n ncuntnarcx nncnnm n
cnonnnn ncxaxnnx n nocn +roro n yracar, no uro ona xax nocroxnno crnymmax cnna
noonxar cymcrnonart, crmxct coxannrt ncxaxnn. Kcrarn, xax n conornnnnn nn
ronxonannn xaxoro +nmnra mnxrcx no cno cnn, rax n nncnno nnsyo ncxaxnn
n onom n rom x cnonnnnn asnnuno nx xaxoro +nmnra. cnn cannnrt xnno n
cxtro cnonnnnx, ro onayxnrcx, uro orntnt cxtrt +nmnrt nonnocrtm
orcyrcrnymr, yrn on nnn mn mon]nnnonant, a rrtn ocrannct s nsmnnn n
ax, moxr trt, ycnnnt n xnnom coxannn cnonnnnx.
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o mt conannct nccnonart, xaxn rnnnnn ocymcrnnxmr nnsyy n nornn uro
ona nanannna. a +ror nonoc, nmmmn naxnm snaunn nx nonnmannx cnonnnnx n
ax, moxr trt, nc xnsnn unonxa, nrxo ornrnrt, cnn nocmorrt x
ncronxonanntx cnonnnn. nnnnn, ocymcrnnxmmn nnsyy, - r, xorot nnsnamrcx
nnnmnm
con n ocrnymmm cocroxnnn, c xorotmn on cornacn. ytr ynnt, uro cnn nt
orxastnarct or nnonn nannntnoro ronxonannx cocrnnnoro cnonnnnx, ro nt
nocrynar no rm x mornnam, no xorotm crnonana nnsya cnonnnnx, nonsomno
ncxaxnn n crano noxonmo ronxonann. cnomnnr o cnonnnnn nam 50-nrn amt.
s ronxonannx ona cunrar ro ornarnrntntm, tna t m ontm nosmymna, cnn t -
]on Iyr-Inntmyr coomnna uro-ro noxonmo nx ronxonannx, n nmnno ns-sa +roro
ocyxnnx n cnonnnnn camt nnnnnunt mcra samnnt omorannm.
naxo rnnnnn, nornn xorotx nanannna nnsya cnonnnnx, cnyr cnauana
onncart no ornomnnm x +ro nocnn. ora moxno rontxo cxasart, uro onn no cno
nno sycnonno ocront ocyxnnx, nnnnnunt n +rnucxom, +crrnucxom,
connantnom ornomnnn, +ro xnnnnx, o xorotx n cmmr ymart nnn ymamr rontxo c
ornamnnm. 3rn ornrnyrt nnsyo n nammn n cnonnnnn ncxaxnno ntaxnn
xnannx xnnxmrcx nx ncro noxnnnnm srannunoro n cnomanoro +ronsma.
crnnrntno, cocrnnno noxnnxrcx n nmom cnonnnnn n nrar n nm rnannym ont,
ax cnn +ro ymno cxtro n xnnom coxannn. 3ror "sacro egoismo"* cnonnnnx,
xonuno, cnxsan c ycranonxo na con, xoroax cocronr n nannn nnrca xo ncmy nnmnmy
mny.
noono or ncx +rnucxnx ys nr nancruy ncm nnrxsannxm cxcyantnoro
nnunnx, n rom uncn n raxnm, xorot anno ocyxnt namnm +crrnucxnm nocnnrannm n
nornnouar ncm +rnucxnm orannunrntntm ronannxm. rmnnn x yonontcrnnm -
nnno (Liido), xax mt rononm, - cn-
----------------------------------------
* nxmnnt +ronsom. - nm. n.
nxrcrnnno ntnar cnon oxrt n oxorn ncro nmnno sanrnt. rontxo xny
yroro, no nx ncro nnncryosnt, cnxro oxanxmt unonucxnm omcrnom
oxrt, mart n ccry co croont myxunnt, orna n ara co croont xnmnnt.
(nonnnn nam 50-nrn amt rox nnncryosno, nnno, ncomnnno, nanannno
na ctna). oxnnnx, xorot xaxyrcx nam uyxtmn unonucxo nno, oxastnamrcx
ocrarouno cnntntmn, urot ntsnart cnonnnnx. syxno moxr noxnnxrtcx raxx
nnanncrt. nannx mcrn n cmrn camtm nnsxnm n nmnmtm n xnsnn - onrnxm,
artxm n ccram, cynyry nnn cynyr, cocrnnntm rxm - n xnnxmrcx nnum
notuntm. 3rn ornrnyrt nnsyo xnannx xax yro t nonnmamrcx ns nacroxmro
aa; n ocrnymmm cocroxnnn nocn ronxonannx nnxaxax nnsya nornn nnx n xaxrcx
nam ocrarouno croro.
o n crantr +ro cramno coxann n nnny camomy cnonnnnm. satnar, uro
ono nmr sonnym, ax nonsnym ]ynxnnm oranrt con or naymnnx. axax nnsocrt
n nmr ornomnnx x cymnocrn cnonnnnx. t nt snar raxx, uro crt cnonnnnx,
xorot, cnyr nnsnart, yonnrnoxmr onanannt xnannx n nacymnt ]nsnucxn
nornocrn. o n +rnx cnonnnnxx nr ncxaxnnx; onn n nm n nyxamrcx, onn moryr
ntnonnxrt cnom ]ynxnnm, n ocxonxx +rnucxnx n +crrnucxnx rnnnn . nmnr
raxx no nnnmann, uro ncxaxnn cnonnnnx sanncnr or nyx ]axroon. ono croont,
ono rm ontm, um xyx ornramo nnsyo xnann, no c yro - um crox n +ro
nmx ronannx nnsyt. o+romy y monoo, croro nocnnranno, mnrnntno nymxn
nymonnmax nnsya ncxasnr noyxnnx cnonnnnx, xorot, nannm, mt, naun,
cunram osnonnntmn, sonntmn nnnosntmn xnannxmn n xorot ona cama cxrt
nr cnycrx courr raxnmn x.
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noum, mt m anxn or roro, urot nosmymartcx +rnm syntrarom namro
ronxonannx. nonaram, uro mt ro m nocrarouno xoomo nonnmam; no nx ncro
n namn cronr saaua samnrnrt ro or nsncrntx nanaox. oncm n ryno narn nx
+roro sannxy. amn ronxonannx cnonnnn nonsnonnnct c yurom oxnnnntx saan
nnonoxnn, uro cnonnnn noom nmr cmtcn, uro ccosnarntnt n xaxo-ro nmx
ymnnt noncct cymcrnymr n rontxo nn rnnnornucxom, no n nn nomantnom cn n
uro nc nosnnxammn no nonoy cnonnnnx mtcnn rmnnnonant. cnn t na ocnonannn
+rnx nnonoxnn mt nnmnn x nnmnmtm syntraram ronxonannx cnonnnn, ro no
nany mornn t saxnmunrt, uro +rn nnonoxnnx nannntnt. o xax trt, cnn +rn
syntrart ntrnxxr rax, xax rontxo uro onncannt? ora moxno tno t cxasart: +ro
nnosmoxnt, ccmtcnnnt syntrart, no mntm m, onn nctma nnoxrnt, rax uro
n nnonoxnnxx tno uro-ro nnannntno. nn cnonnnn n ncnxnucxn ]nomn, nnn
n nomantnom cocroxnnn nr nnuro ccosnarntnoro, nnn nama rxnnxa n um-ro
nconmnna. nom n n nnxrn nn nnonoxnrt +ro, um nnsnart nc r msocrn,
xorot mt yro t orxtnn na ocnonannn namnx nnonoxnn?
ro n yro! nom n nnxrn, no ns-sa +roro n oxsarntno nannntn. ym
cnmnrt, nonoc m n mn. x ncro mt moxm ycnnnrt xnrnxy namnx ronxonann
cnonnnn. o, uro nx syntrart rax nnnxrnt n nannrnrnt, moxr trt, m n camo
xym. on cnntntm arymnrom xnnxrcx ro, uro nnnmn con mnrntnmnm
oasom n c nonntm ocnonannm ornramr xnannx, xorot mt nm nnnnctnam naroax
nammy ronxonannm. "ro? - rononr onn. - cnontnaxct na cnonnnnn, nt xornr
oxasart, uro mn xant nr na nnano ccrt n nocnnrann ara? o nt +roro n
moxr trt; x rontxo nx nnx n aoram, y mnx nr yrnx nnrcon n xnsnn, xom
ntnonnnnx moro onra n nnmn, - xax cramn, x oman +ro noxono marn". nn
ama, nnnmax con, rononr: " xnam cmrn cnomy myxy. a nt +ro nosmyrnrntnax
nnnocrt! t mn, noxrno, n nonnr, uro y nac n rontxo camt cuacrnnnt ax, no
ro cmrt ornxna t y mnx nc, uro x nmm n xnsnn". nn rrn nosasnr nam: " onxn
ncntrtnart uyncrnnnt xnannx x cno ccr? 3ro cmmno; x na n n oamam
nnxaxoro nnnmannx, y nac nnoxn ornomnnx yr c yrom, n x n runn mnornx nr n
omnxncx c n nn cnonom". Mt mornn t c nrxocrtm orncrnct x romy, uro nnnmn con
n nornxamr nnn ornnamr nnnnctnamt nm namnnx; mt mornn t cxasart, uro
nmnno o +rnx nmax onn n n snamr. o ro, uro onn uyncrnymr n c xax as
nornnononoxno romy xnannm, xoroo nnnnctnar nm ronxonann, n moryr oxasart nam
nonaann +roro nornnononoxnoro cnonm oasom xnsnn, +ro nac naxonn osaaunnar.
ocnrt nn rnt ncm +ry aory no ronxonannm cnonnnn, nocxontxy syntrart
no t n nnnnn x acyy?
r, nc m nr. +ror on cnntnt arymnr oxaxrcx ncocroxrntntm, cnn x
nmy noorn xnrnucxn. nonoxnn, uro n ymnno xnsnn crt ccosnarntnt
rnnnnn, m n oxasarntcrno, uro nornnononoxnt nm xnnxmrcx rocnocrnymmnmn n
cosnarntno xnsnn. osmoxno, uro n ymnno xnsnn crt mcro nx nornnononoxntx
rnnnn, nx nornnoun, xorot cymcrnymr xom yr c yrom; nosmoxno ax,
uro xax as nonaann onoro noyxnnx xnnxrcx ycnonnm ccosnarntnoro
cymcrnonannx ro nornnononoxnocrn. rax, ntnnnyrt nnauan nosaxnnx, uro
syntrart ronxonannx cnonnnn nnocrt n ount nnnxrnt, ocramrcx n cnn. a
nno moxno nosasnrt, uro, murax o nocror, nt n cmoxr mnrt nn ono nonmt
cnonnnnx; nt onxnt nnmnnrtcx c nnonaramo cnoxnocrtm ornomnn. na
nroo - uro nt xnno n nant, ncnontsyx n xaucrn oocnonannx nx nayunoro cyxnnx
ncntrtnamo namn uyncrno yonontcrnnx nnn ornamnnx. ro nam sa no o roro, uro
syntrart ronxonannx xaxyrcx nam nnnxrntmn, ax nosontmn n nornnntmn? a
nempeche pas deister,* - cntman x n raxnx cnyuaxx monotm nauom or cnoro yunrnx
axo. nxonrcx cmnnrtcx co cnonmn cnmnarnxmn n anrnnarnxmn, cnn xoumt snart,
uro n +rom mn antno. cnn xaxo-nnyt ]nsnx oxaxr nam, uro n cxoom yymm
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orannucxax xnsnt na smn nxarnrcx, nocmr nn nt my nosasnrt: +roro n moxr
trt, +ra ncnxrnna cnnmxom nnnxrna? ymam, uro nt nomonunr nnn nooxr,
noxa xnnrcx yro ]nsnx n yxaxr na omnxy n ro nnonoxnnxx nnn acurax. cnn nt
orcranxr or cx ro, uro nam nnnxrno, ro nt, no mntm m, crnyr xax mxannsm
oasonannx cnonnnnx, nmcro roro urot nonxrt ro n onnart nm.
Moxr trt, nt cornacnrct rora n oamart nnnmannx na ornarnrntnt xaaxr
ornrnyrtx nnsyo xnann, a ntnnnr ono, uro nocro nnoxrno, urot n
xoncrnrynnn unonxa crontxo mcra sannmano sno. o ar nn nam nam ontr nano rax
rononrt? n xouy rononrt o rom, xaxnmn nt xaxrct camn c, no mnoro nn nt namnn
narocxnonnocrn y cnoro nauantcrna n xonxynron, mnoro nn tnacrna y cnonx
----------------------------------------
* 3ro n mmar romy, urot tno rax (]ann.). - nm.
n.
naron n mano nn sanncrn n cnom omcrn, urot uyncrnonart cx oxsanntm
ntcrynart nornn +roncrnucxn snoro n unonucxo nno? asn nam nnsncrno, xax
nnoxo nnar coo n xax mano sacnyxnnar onnx cnn unonx no ncx onacrxx
cxcyantno xnsnn? nn nt n snar, uro nc snoynornnnx n cunncrna, xorot nam
cnxrcx noutm, xnnno conmamrcx ocrnymmnmn nmtmn xax crnnrntnt
ncrynnnnx? annom cnyua ncnxoananns rontxo nornxar crao nsunn
narona, uro otmn xnnxmrcx r, xorot onontcrnymrcx cnonnnnxmn o rom, uro snt
namr n crnnrntnocrn.
rnt ornnxnrct or nnnnnyantnoro n nncnr cno nso na nnnxym nony,
xoroax nc m onycromar nony, noymar o srannuno xcroxocrn, cnnnocrn n
nxnnocrn, xorot cuac mnoxo acnocrannnnct n xyntrynom mn. t crnnrntno
ymar, uro xyux cconcrntx xatncron n conasnnrn yanoct t cnart crontxo
sna, cnn t mnnnnont nymnx sa noxaxamn n tnn coyuacrnnxamn ncrynnnnx?
mnrct nn nt n nn +rnx ycnonnxx nomart xontx sa ncxnmunn snoro ns ymnno
xoncrnrynnn unonxa?1
t mn nosasnr, uro x onocroonn cyxy o non; ona onayxnna camo nxacno
n naroono n nmxx, nx rocrno, camoornxnnocrt, connantno uyncrno. Konuno, no
n ytr cront x ncnannnnt x ncnxoanannsy, xax r, xro ynxar ro n rom, uro on
ornnar ono, urot yrnxart yro. Mt n conannct ornnart naroont
crmnnnx u-
----------------------------------------
* cnx o rom, uro ncrounnx non cxtr n ncnxonornucxom ycrocrn unonxa,
xnnxrcx conmnno ncocroxrntno. na ononrarcx ncronucxnm ontrom,
yxastnammnm na mammym ont connantntx ]axroon n nosnnxnonnnn non.
nonucxo nnot n nnuro nnxora n nann, urot ymannrt nx snaunmocrt.
anornn, x noxastnam nam n rontxo ornrnyrt nnsyo snt xnannx cnonnnnx, no n
nnsyy, xoroax nx noannxr n nar nysnanamtmn. Mt nouxnnam sno n unonx
rontxo noromy, uro yrn ornnamr ro, oruro ymnnax xnsnt unonxa cranonnrcx xorx
n nyum, no nnonxrn. cnn mt orxaxmcx or onocroonn +rnucxo onnxn, ro,
xonuno, moxm narn on nannntnym ]omy coornomnnx snoro n ooro n
unonucxo nno.
rax, nc ocrarcx no-nxnmy. am n nyxno orxastnartcx or syntraron nam
aort no ronxonannm cnonnnn, xorx onn n xaxyrcx nam cranntmn. noxa sanomnnm:
ncxaxnn cnonnnnx xnnxrcx cncrnnm nnsyt, xoroax ocymcrnnxrcx nnsnanntmn
rnnnnxmn nornn nnnnnuntx noyxnn, mnnxmnxcx n nac noutm no nmx cna.
ana, noumy noutm n orxya yrcx +rn nocront xnannx, n +rom m mnoro
nnonxrnoro, uro ncronr nccnonart.
o c nam croont tno t ncnannnno, cnn t mt n ntnnnn n ocrarouno
m yro syntrar +rnx nccnonann. nannx cnonnnnx, xorot naymamr nam
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con, nam nnsncrnt, mt ysnam o nnx rontxo ns ronxonannx cnonnnn; nx moxno no+romy
nasnart ccosnarntntmn n anno nmx n yxasannom ntm cmtcn. nnmn con
ornrar nx, xax mt nnnn no mnornx cnyuaxx, nocn roro xax ysnan o nnx naroax
ronxonannm. onroxrcx cnyua, c xorotm mt ncrrnnnct nn ronxonannn oronoxn "auI
stoen", xora oaro nosmymnno ynxn, uro nn rora, nn xora-nno antm on n
ncntrtnan nnournrntnoro uyncrna x cnomy m]y. Vx rora mt comnnannct n raxom
sannnn n ntnnnynn nmcro nro nnonoxnn, uro oaro onro nnuro n snan o
nmmmmcx uyncrn. nt +ro nonroxrcx nn ncxxom ronxonannn cnntno ncxaxnnoro
cnonnnnx n rm camtm nnorar ontmo snaunn nx nornxnnx nam rouxn
snnx. Mt roront nnonoxnrt, uro n ymnno xnsnn crt noncct, rnnnnn, o
xorotx unonx noom nnuro n snar, ount anno nnuro n snar, nosmoxno, nnxora
nnuro n snan. naroax +romy ccosnarntno nonyuar nx nac nont cmtcn; nonxrn "n
anno nmx" nnn "nmnno" ncusar ns ro cymnocrn, ono moxr raxx osnauart
nnrntno ccosnarntno, a n rontxo "cxtro na anno nmx". +rom nam, xonuno,
rox nnrcx norononrt n yro as.
KH
MK
Vnaxamt amt n rocnoa! Mt ynnnct, uro ncxaxnn, xoroo mmar nam nonxrt
cnonnnn, xnnxrcx cncrnnm xrntnocrn nnsyt, nanannnno nornn
nnnmnmtx, ccosnarntntx xnann. o mt, xonuno, n yrnxam, uro nnsya
xnnxrcx nncrnnntm ]axroom, ntstnammnm ncxaxnn cnonnnnx, n n antnmm mt
crnnrntno moxm ycranonnrt, uro n +rom ncxaxnnn yuacrnymr n yrn momnrt. 3rnm
mt xornm cxasart, uro cnn nnsyy cnonnnnx moxno tno t ncxnmunrt, mt nc anno
tnn t n n cocroxnnn nonxrt cnonnnnx, xnno cnonnnn n tno t nnrnuno
cxtrtm ro mtcnxm.
3ror yro momnr, sarmnxmmn cnonnnn, +ror nont ]axro ro ncxaxnnx mt
orxom, cnn oarnm nnnmann na nsxn nam rxnnxn. yx nnsnanancx nam, uro
anannsnymtm nnora crnnrntno nnuro n nnxonr n ronony no nonoy orntntx
+nmnron cnonnnnx. ana, +ro noncxonr n rax uacro, xax onn yrnxamr; n ount
mnornx cnyuaxx nn nacrounnocrn mtcnt nc-raxn moxno sacrannrt noxnnrtcx. o tnamr,
onaxo, cnyuan, n xorotx acconnannx n nonyuarcx nnn, cnn ntnynrt, ona n ar roro,
uro mt or n oxnam. cnn
+ro noncxonr no nmx ncnxoanannrnucxoro nunnx, ro nnorar ocoo snaunn,
o um mt n ym sct rononrt. o +ro cnyuarcx n nn ronxonannn cnonnnn y
nomantntx nm nnn nn ronxonannn cnonx cocrnnntx cnonnnnn. Kora nnnmt, uro
nnxaxax nacrounnocrt n nomorar, ro n xonn xonnon yxamtcx, uro nxnarntnax
cnyuanocrt rynxno nonroxrcx nn onnnntx +nmnrax cnonnnnx, n rora
naunnamt nnrt nonym saxonomnocrt ram, r cnauana nnonaran rontxo
ncocroxrntnocrt rxnnxn.
raxnx cnyuaxx nosnnxar conasn camomy ncronxonart +rn "nmt" +nmnrt
cnonnnnx, nnnnnmamt nx nno (ersetzung) cocrnnntmn ccrnamn. amo
coo nonyuarcx, uro, cnn onnrtcx raxomy sammnnm, xaxt as naxonmt nx
cnonnnnx nnonn yonnrnoxmmn cmtcn; a o rx no, noxa n mnmtcx na +ror nnm,
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cnonnnn ocrarcx ccmtcnnntm n ro cnxsnocrt naymarcx. onronn mnornx
usntuano noxoxnx cnyuan nnar nam nnauan oxo nontrx noxonmym
ynnnocrt.
nsnaram nc ncxontxo cxmarnuno, no +ro nnonn onycrnmo n naxrnucxnx nnxx, n
mo nsnoxnn n ]antcn]nxannx, a nxoroo ynomnn.
axnm oasom nx nnoro xa +nmnron cnonnnn nonyuamt onn n r x
nnot, noono rm, xaxn moxno narn n namnx nonynxntx connnxax nx
ncnosmoxntx nncnnnmnxcx nm. naxo n satnar, uro nn nam acconnarnnno
rxnnx nocroxnnt sammnnx +nmnron cnonnnnx nnxora n ncruannct.
t casy x nosasnr, uro +ror nyrt ronxonannx xaxrcx nam m on nnaxntm n
cnontm, um nxnn noccrnom cnoontx acconnann. o sct cnyr xo-uro
oannrt. Kora naroax ontry na-
xannnnarcx ocrarouno raxnx nocroxnntx sammnn, naunnamt nonnmart, uro +ro
uacrnuno ronxonann crnnrntno nosmoxno ncxox ns cocrnnntx snann, uro
+nmnrt cnonnnnx crnnrntno moxno nonxrt s |ncnontsonannx| acconnannn
nnnmro con. Kaxnm oasom moxno ysnart nx snaunn, o +rom yr cxasano no nroo
uacrn namro nsnoxnnx.
3ro nocroxnno ornomnn mxy +nmnrom cnonnnnx n ro nnoom mt nastnam
cnmnonnucxnm (symolische), cam +nmnr cnonnnnx cnmnonom (ymol) ccosnarntno
mtcnn cnonnnnx. t nomnnr, uro antm nn nccnonannn ornomnn mxy
+nmnramn cnonnnnx n ro cocrnnntm |coxannm| x ntnnn rn nna raxnx
ornomnn: uacrn or nnoro, namxa n oasnoro ncrannnnx. urnrom x rora
ynomxnyn, no n nasnan ro. nnno sct cnmnonnucxo ornomnn xnnxrcx +rnm
urnrtm. o nonoy nro nmmrcx ount nnrcnt cooaxnnx, x xorotm mt
oarnmcx, nx um nncrynnm x nsnoxnnm namnx cnnnantntx nanmnn na
cnmnonnxo. nmnonnxa, moxr trt, camax nnmuarntnax uacrt n ronn cnonnnnx.
x ncro: nnny roro, uro cnmnont nmmr ycroxnmncx nnot, onn n nsncrno
m annsymr nan anrnunoro n nonynxnoro ronxonannx cnonnnn, or xorooro mt nn
nam rxnnx rax anxo ymnn. nn nosnonxmr nam nnora ronxonart cnonnnnx, n
accnamnnax nnnmro con, nt on nc anno nnuro n cmoxr cxasart no nonoy
cnmnona. cnn snart nnnxrt cnmnont cnonnnn n x romy x nnunocrt nnnmro con,
ycnonnx, n xorotx on xnnr, n nonyunnt nm o cnonnnnx nnuarnnnx, ro uacro mt
oxastnamcx n cocroxnnn s sarynnn ncronxonart cnonnnn, nncrn ro casy x.
axo ]oxyc ntcrnr ronxonarnm n nmnonnyr nnnmmy con; +ro ntrono ornnuarcx or
yromnrntno aort nn
accnocax nnnmro con. o nycrt +ro n nnr nac n sanyxnn. Mt n crannm
n coo saauy noxastnart ]oxyct. onxonann, ocnonanno na snannn cnmnonon, n
xnnxrcx rxnnxo, xoroax moxr samnnrt acconnarnnnym nnn annxrtcx c n.
nmnonnucxo ronxonann xnnxrcx rontxo ononnnnm x n n ar nnnt syntrart
nnmt n courannn c acconnarnnno rxnnxo. uro xacarcx snannx ncnxnucxo cnryannn
nnnmro con, ro nomy nnnxrt no nnnmann, uro nam nnrcx ronxonart cnonnnnx n
rontxo xoomo snaxomtx nm, uro otuno nt n yr snart cotrn nx, xorot
xnnxmrcx noynrnxmn cnonnnn, n uro mtcnn, nnxoxmn n ronony anannsnymoro,
xax as n ayr nam snann roro, uro nastnarcx ncnxnucxo cnryann.
cnxsn c ocroxrntcrnamn, o xorotx yr nrn ut nnx, ocrono ocooro
nnnmannx ro, uro nnsnann cymcrnonannx cnmnonnucxoro ornomnnx mxy cnonnnnm
n ccosnarntntm ntstnano onxrt-raxn camt +nrnunt nosaxnnx. ax nmn,
onaammn cmnocrtm cyxnnx n nontsymmncx nnsnannm, nommn c
ncnxoanannsom snaunrntnt nyrt, orxasannct n +rom cnonart sa nnm. axo ornomnn
rm on ynnnrntno, uro, no-nntx, cnmnonnxa cnocrnnna n xaaxrna n rontxo nx
cnonnnnx, a no-nrotx, cnmnonnxy n cnonnnnn, xax nn orar on omnomnxmmnmn
orxtrnxmn, orxtn n ncnxoananns. cnn yx noom nnnnctnart orxtrn cnmnonnxn
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cnonnnnx conmnnnxam, ro cnyr nasnart ]nnoco]a K. . na (cherner, 161).
cnxoananns rontxo nornnn orxtrnx na, xorx n ocnonarntno nnonsmnnn nx.
nt nam xourcx ycntmart uro-nnyt o cymnocrn cnmnonnxn cnonnnnx n
nosnaxomnrtcx c nnmamn. oxorno coomy nam, uro snam, no cosnamct, uro namn
snannx n coornrcrnymr romy, uro t nam xornoct.
ymnocrtm cnmnonnucxoro ornomnnx xnnxrcx cannnn, xorx n n nmo.
nonararcx, uro +ro cannnn ocotm oasom oycnonnno, xorx +ra oycnonnnnocrt
nam n concm xcna. nc ro, c um mt moxm cannnrt xaxo-ro nmr nnn noncc,
ntcrynar n cnonnnnn xax cnmnon. yro croont, cnonnnn ntaxar n cnmnonax n
nc, a rontxo onnnnt +nmnrt cxtrtx mtcn cnonnnnx. rax, orannunnx
nmmrcx c onx croon. nyr raxx cornacnrtcx c rm, uro noxa nonxrn cnmnona nntsx
croro onnnrt, ono cnnnarcx c sammnnm, nsoaxnnm n r. n., nnnnxarcx x
namxy. xam n ocnon cannnnx n x cnmnonon ocmtcnnno. axy c +rnmn
cnmnonamn crt yrn, nn xorotx nosnnxar nonoc, r ncxart om, ertium
comparationis* +roro nnonaramoro cannnnx. n nnxamm accmornnn mt nno
nam ro, nno crnnrntno ono ocranrcx cxtrtm or nac. Vnnnrntno, an, ro, uro
cnn cnmnon n xnnxrcx cannnnm, ro ono n onayxnnarcx nn nomomn acconnannn, uro
nnnmn con rox n snar cannnnx, nontsyrcx nm, n snax o nm. ax ontm roro,
nnnmn con n xnar nnsnanart +ro cannnn, xora my na nro yxastnamr. rax, nt
nnnr, uro cnmnonnucxo ornomnn xnnxrcx cannnnm conmnno ocooro oa,
oycnonnnnocrt xorooro nam m n concm xcna. Moxr trt, yxasannx nx ro ntxcnnnx
onayxarcx n antnmm.
ncno nmron, nsoaxamtx n cnonnnnn cnmnonnucxn, nnnnxo. nonucxo
rno n nnom, onrnn, rn, artx n ccrt, oxnn, cmrt, narora n m nmnoro.
nncrnnno rnnnuno, r. . no-
----------------------------------------
* ertium comparationis - "rrt n cannnnn", r. . om n nyx cannnnamtx mxy
coo xnnnnxx, cnyxam ocnonannm nx cannnnx. - nm. . nnoa.
croxnno nsoaxnn unonxa n nnom, ncrannxr coo om, xax nnsnan n,
xorot ax xorn nnart +romy cnmnony nnocrnnno snaunn, xoroo my n
cnocrnnno. cnonnnnn cnyuarcx cnycxartcx no ]acay omon ro c yonontcrnnm, ro co
craxom. oma c conmnno rnaxnmn crnamn nsoaxamr myxunn; oma c ntcrynamn n
anxonamn, sa xorot moxno xartcx, - xnmnn. onrnn noxnnxmrcx no cn n nn
nmnaroa n nmnarnnt, xoonx n xoonnt nnn yrnx ncrannrntntx nnn, nn +rom
cnonnnn nncnonnno uyncrna nournnx. Mn nxno cnonnnn ornocnrcx x rxm,
artxm n ccram, onn cnmnonnsnymrcx manntxnmn snntmamn, naasnramn. oxnn
nourn ncra nsoaxarcx noccrnom xaxoro-nno ornomnnx x no, n noy nnn
ocamrcx, nnn ntxoxr ns n, ns not xoro-nnyt cnacamr nnn rx cnacamr ns n, uro
osnauar marnncxo ornomnn x cnacamomy. Vmnann samnxrcx no cn orsom,
nosxo no xnsno oor, cmrt - asnnuntmn nxcntmn, xax t nmnrntntmn
namxamn, narora - oxo n ]omnno oxo. t nnnr, xax ryr crnamrcx rannnt
mxy cnmnonnucxnm n namxammnm nsoaxnnm.
ocarcx n rnasa, uro no cannnnm c nuncnnntmn oxramn oxrt ns yro
onacrn ncrannnt usntuano oraro cnmnonnxo. axona onacrt cxcyantno xnsnn,
rnnrann, nonontx nonccon, nonontx cnomnn. sntuano ontmo xonnucrno
cnmnonon n cnonnnnn xnnxmrcx cxcyantntmn cnmnonamn. n +rom ntxcnxrcx
ynnnrntno ncoornrcrnn. osnauamtx coxann nmnoro, cnmnont x nx nnx
usntuano mnorouncnnnt, rax uro xaxo ns +rnx coxann moxr trt ntaxno
ontmnm uncnom nourn annosnauntx cnmnonon. n ronxonannn nonyuarcx xarnna,
ntstnammax ncom nosmymnn. onxonannx cnmnonon n nornnononoxnocrt
mnorooasnm nsoaxnn cnonnnnx ount onooasnt. 3ro n nannrcx xaxomy, xro
o +rom ysnar, no uro x nonamt?
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ax xax n +ro nxnnn mt nnnt rononm o nonocax nonono xnsnn, x cunram cnonm
onrom coomnrt nam, xax x conamct nsnarart +ry rmy. cnxoananns n nnnr nnunn nx
cxtnannx n namxon, n cunrar nyxntm crtnrtcx ocyxnnx +roro naxnoro marnana,
nonarar, uro xoxrno n nncrono nc nastnart cnonmn nacroxmnmn nmnamn, n narcx
raxnm oasom cxo ncro ycrannrt mmammn nocroonnn mtcnn. o ocroxrntcrno,
uro mn nnxonrcx rononrt n cmmanno aynron, ncrannxmm oa nona,
nnuro n moxr nsmnnrt. Kax nr nayxn in usum delphini,* rax nr n nx noux-
noocrxon, a amt cnonm noxnnnnm n +ro aynronn amr nonxrt, uro onn xorxr
nocrannrt cx naann c myxunnamn.
rax, cnonnnn nsoaxar myxcxn rnnrannn ncxontxnmn cnmnonamn, n xorotx no
ontm uacrn nnonn ounnno om ocnonann nx cannnnx. x ncro, nx
myxcxnx rnnrann n nnom cnmnonnucxn naxno cnxmnno uncno 3. nnnxammax
ontm nnnmann n nnrcnax nx oonx nonon uacrt rnnrann, myxcxo unn,
cnmnonnucxn samnxrcx, no-nntx, noxoxnmn na nro no ]om, ro crt nnnntmn n
rouamnmn nnx nmramn, raxnmn, nannm, xax nanxn, sonrt, mcrt, ntx n r. n.
3arm nmramn, nmmmnmn c oosnauamtm cxocrno nonnxart nnyrt n annrt, r. .
ncxxoro oa ocrtm oyxnm, noxamn, xnnxanamn, xontxmn, canxmn, a raxx
orncrntntm oyxnm: yxtxmn, nncronramn n ount noxoxnm no cno ]om -
----------------------------------------
* nx o]nna.
nontnom. cramntx cnax nymx ontmym ont nrar ncnonann myxunnt c
noxom nnn orncrntntm oyxnm. 3ro, moxr trt, camt uacrt cnyua cnmnonnxn
cnonnnnx, xorot nt rnt nrxo moxr nonxrt. axx nnonn nonxrna samna
myxcxoro unna nmramn, ns xorotx ntrcx noa: noononontmn xanamn, nxamn,
]onranamn n yrnmn nmramn, onaammnmn cnoconocrtm ntrxrnnartcx n nnny,
nannm, nncxunmn namnamn, ntnnrammnmncx xaanamamn n r. . nonn nonxrno
ncrannnn o +rom oran oycnonnnnar rouno rax x ro, uro xaanamn, yuxn,
nnnouxn nx norr, monorxn n yrn nncrymnrt xnnxmrcx ncomnnntmn myxcxnmn
nonontmn cnmnonamn.
naroax nnmuarntnomy cnocrny unna nonnmartcx n nanannnnn,
nornnononoxnom cnn nnrxxnnx (ono ns noxnnnn +xnnn), on nsoaxarcx
cnmnonnucxn n nn nosymnoro maa, a+onnanon, a n nocnn nmx n nn nosymnoro
xoanx nnnnnna. o cnonnnn moxr cnmnonnucxn nsoasnrt +xnnm m nntm,
roaso on ntasnrntntm cnocoom. no nar nonono oran camo cyrtm nnunocrn n
sacrannxr nrart. orouarct, uro uacro raxn nxacnt cnt c nonramn, xorot
mt nc snam, onxnt trt ncronxonant xax cnonnnnx omro cxcyantnoro nosyxnnx,
xax +xnnonnt cnonnnnx. n nccnonarn-ncnxoanannrnxon . un (1914)
oxasan, uro raxo ronxonann n nonxnr nnxaxomy comnnnm, no n nounramt sa cnom
nanrnunocrt Moynn ont, +xcnnmnrnonanmn na cnonnnnxmn, nnanax
ncxyccrnnno nonoxnn yxam n noram, n croxnmn n croon or ncnxoanannsa, moxr
trt, ax nnuro n snanmn o nm, nnmn n cnonx nccnonannxx x romy x ntnoy
(1910-1912, r. 2, 791). nosaxar, uro xnmnnam rox moxr nncnnrtcx, uro onn
nramr. cnomnnr
nyum, uro namn cnonnnnx xorxr ncnonnnrt namn xnannx n uro ount uacro y
xnmnn tnar cosnarntno nnn ccosnarntno xnann trt myxunno. ncxxomy
snammmy anaromnm nonxrno, uro n xnmnna moxr annsonart +ro xnann rmn x
omymnnxmn, uro n myxunna. cnonx rnnrannxx xnmnna rox nmr manntxn oran,
ananornunt myxcxomy, n +ror manntxn oran, xnnro, nrar n rcxom nosacr n n
nosacr n nauanom nonono xnsnn ry x ont, uro n ontmo myxcxo nonono unn.
K uncny mn nonxrntx myxcxnx cxcyantntx cnmnonon ornocxrcx onnnnt
ncmtxammncx n tt, nx ncro nsncrnt cnmnon smn. oumy mnxna n nantro
nnonn raxo x cnmnonnucxo snaunn, xonuno, nnrxo ysnart, no ono ncomnnno.
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axonn, nosnnxar m nonoc, moxno nn cunrart cnmnonnucxnm sammnn myxcxoro
orana xaxnm-nnyt yrnm, noro nnn yxo. ymam, uro omn xo cnonnnnx n
coornrcrnymmn ananornn y xnmnn sacrannxmr nac +ro cnart.
ncxn nonont orant nsoaxamrcx cnmnonnucxn nn nomomn ncx nmron,
onaammnx cnocrnom orannunnart nono nocrancrno, uro-ro nnnxrt n cx. . . nn
nomomn maxr, xon n nm, nn nomomn cocyon n yrtnox, xooox, raaxox,
umoanon, anox, xmnxon, xamanon n r. . yno rox ornocnrcx x nx asxy. Mnorn
cnmnont nmmr ontm ornomnnx x marx, um x rnnrannxm xnmnnt, raxont mxa]t,
nun n nx ncro xomnara. nmnonnxa xomnart connxacarcx sct c cnmnonnxo oma,
nn n noora cranonxrcx cnmnonamn nononoro orncrnx. Marnant rox moryr trt
cnmnonamn xnmnnt, no, ymara n nmrt, cnannt ns +rnx marnanon, nannm,
cron n xnnra. s xnnorntx ncomnnntmn xncxnmn cnmnonamn xnnxmrcx ynnr-
xa n axonnna; ns uacr rna or xax oas nononoro orncrnx, ns cronn nxont n
xannna. Kax nnnr, n nc cnmnont onnaxono nonxrnt.
K rnnrannxm cnyr orncrn raxx n ryn, xorot, xax n xronnt xncxoro rna,
nsoaxamrcx nn nomomn xnox, ncnxon, noom ]yxron. onoct na rnnrannxx oonx
nonon cnonnnn onnctnar xax nc n xycrannx. noxnocrtm ronora]nn xncxnx
nonontx oranon oxcnxrcx ro, uro onn uacro nsoaxamrcx nanma]rom, co cxanamn,
ncom n noo, mxy rm xax nnymnrntnt mxannsm myxcxoro nononoro annaara
nnnonr x romy, uro ro cnmnonamn cranonxrcx ryno noammncx onncannm n nn
cnoxntx mamnn.
Kax cnmnon xncxnx rnnrann cnyr ynomxnyrt m mxarynxy nx yxamnn,
aronnnocrtm n coxonnmm nastnamrcx nmnmt nnna n no cn; cnaocrn uacro
nsoaxamr nonono nacnaxnn. amoyonnrnonn oosnauarcx uacro xax ncxxoro
oa nra, rax x xax nra na ]ornnano. nnnuntm nsoaxnnm onannsma xnnxrcx
cxontxnn n cxartnann, a raxx ctnann nrxn. conno nnmuarnn cnmnon
ntnannx nnn nttnannx sya. x ncro on osnauar xacrannm n naxasann sa
onannsm. cot cnmnont nx nsoaxnnx n cnonnnnn nononoro axra mn
mnorouncnnnt, um moxno tno t oxnart na ocnonannn ntmnsnoxnnoro. 3ct
cnyr ynomxnyrt nrmnucxym xrntnocrt, nannm, rannt, nxonym sy. nomt, a
raxx nxnnannx, cnxsannt c nacnnnm, xax, nannm, trt saannnntm. ma x
ornocxrcx onnnnt mcnnnt aort n, xonuno, yrosa oyxnm.
t n onxnt ncrannxrt c ynornnn n nno +rnx cnmnonon um-ro ount
nocrtm. n +rom nosmoxnt ncxxn cnyuanocrn, nornnouamn namnm oxnannxm. ax,
nannm, xaxrcx manonoxrntm, uro nonont asnnunx n +rnx cnmnonnucxnx
nsoaxnnxx noxnnxmrcx n sxo. xorot cnmnont osnauamr rnnrannn noom,
sasnnuno, myxcxn nnn xncxn, nannm, manntxn nox, manntxn ctn nnn
manntxax out. no as nnmymcrnnno myxcxo cnmnon moxr ynornxrtcx nx
xncxnx rnnrann nnn naooor. 3ro nntsx nonxrt s on nnsxoro snaxomcrna c
asnnrnm cxcyantntx ncrannnn unonxa. nxorotx cnyuaxx +ra nocrnnnocrt
rontxo xaxymaxcx; camt xxn ns cnmnonon, raxn, xax oyxn, xaman, xmnx, n moryr
ynornxrtcx n ncxcyantnom snaunnn.
nt x yy ncxonrt n ns nsoaxamoro, a ns cnmnona, accmorm r onacrn, ns
xorotx no ontm uacrn yrcx cxcyantnt cnmnont, n nnannm nxorot
ononnnnx, nnnnmax no nnnmann cnmnont, n xorotx nxcna omax ocnona. axnm
rmntm cnmnonom xnnxrcx mnxna, moxr trt, noom rononno yo otuno c myxcxnm
snaunnm, no nnora n c xncxnm. ouno rax x nantro osnauar myxunny, no n ncra n
nononom ornomnnn. t moxr cxontxo yrono cnamnnart noumy. nncammn rancryx,
xorot xnmnna n nocnr, xnnxrcx xnno myxcxnm cnmnonom. no nt, noom nonorno
cnmnonnsnyr xncxo; nnart, ]omnnax oxa, xax mt yx snam, xnnxrcx
samcrnrnxmn narort, ]om rna, a ammax, ry]nx - xncxnx rnnrann; cron n no xax
saraount, no onnnno xncxn cnmnont yx ynomnnannct. cxxoro oa ncrnnnt,
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crmxnxn n nom no nnm - ncomnnnt cnmnon nononoro axra. ymanmnct, mt oarnm
nnnmann na nrmnunocrt +roro noma, xoroax, xax n, nosmoxno, nosacrann
nosyxnnx, otmxa no m noma, xnnxrcx om ocnono.
Mt yx ynomnnann o nanma]r xax nsoaxnnn xncxnx rnnrann. Ioa n cxana -
cnmnont myxcxoro unna; ca - uacro ncruammncx cnmnon xncxnx rnnrann. no
nmr snaunn n nxa, a ry. nxn snn osnauamr uyncrnnno nosyxnntx
nm, xom roro, yrn ryt xnannx, cracrn. Hnrnn n nnrt oosnauamr
rnnrannn xnmnn nnn, n on cnnnantnom cnyua, - ncrnnnocrt. satnar, uro
nnrt crnnrntno xnnxmrcx rnnrannxmn acrnn.
Komnara nam yx nsncrna xax cnmnon. 3ct moxno noonxnrt rannsannm: oxna,
nxot n ntxot xomnart nonyuamr snaunn orncrn rna. K +ro cnmnonnx ornocnrcx
raxx n ro, orxtra xomnara nnn saxtra, a xnmu, xorot orxtnar, xnnxrcx
ncomnnntm myxcxnm cnmnonom.
axon marnan cnmnonnxn cnonnnn. n m n nonon n ro moxno tno t yrnynrt
n acmnnrt. o x ymam, nam n +roro on um ocrarouno, a moxr trt, yx n naono.
t cnocnr: nyxnn x crnnrntno xnny cn cxcyantntx cnmnonon? yxnn nc
nmrt, xorot mnx oxyxamr, nnartx, xorot x nanam, nmn, xorot y n yxn,
ncra cxcyantnt cnmnont n nnuro yro? ono nx noymnntx nonocon
crnnrntno crt, n nnt ns nnx: orxya nam, cocrnnno, nsncrnt snaunnx +rnx
cnmnonon cnonnnnx, o xorotx cam nnnmn con n rononr nam nnuro nnn coomar
ount mano?
ornuy: ns ount asnnuntx ncrounnxon, ns cxasox n mn]on, myrox n ocror, ns
]ontxnoa, r. . ns cnnn o nanax, otuaxx, noronoxax n naontx ncnxx, ns
no+rnucxoro n otnnoro xstxa. 3ct ncmy ncruarcx ra x cnmnonnxa, n n nxorotx
cnyuaxx mt nonnmam s ncxxnx yxasann. cnn mt cranm noono nsyuart +rn
ncrounnxn, ro nam cnmnonnx cnonnnnn rax mnoro naannn, uro ynnmcx n
nannntnocrn namnx ronxonann.1
nonucxo rno, xax mt cxasann, no ny uacro nsoaxarcx n cnonnnnn
cnmnonom oma. n rantnom accmornnn +roro nsoaxnnx oxna, nn n noora
xnnxmrcx nxoamn no nnyrnnn nonocrn rna, ]acat tnamr rnaxn nnn nmmr anxont
n ntcrynt, urot xartcx. o raxax x cnmnonnxa ncruarcx n nam un, xora mt
]amnntxno nnnrcrnym xoomo snaxomoro "altes Haus" |cranna|, xora rononm, urot
art xomy-nnyt xoomntxo auIs Dachl |no xynony| nnn o yrom, uro y nro n nc n
noxx in ersttchen |uax n n noxx|. anaromnn orncrnx rna nxmo nastnamrcx
LeiespIorten |noora rna|.
o, uro onrnn n cnonnnnn noxnnxmrcx n nn nmnarocxo nnn xoonncxo urt,
cnauana xaxrcx ynnnrntntm. o +ro naxonr cnom naannnt n cxasxax. asn n
nosnnxar y nac mtcnt, uro n nauan mnornx cxasox nmcro: "xnnn-tnn xoont c xoonno"
onxno tno t trt: "xnnn-tnn orn c martm"? cmt r n myrxy nastnamr
nnnnamn, a cramro nacnnnxom (Kronprinz). Koont cam nastnar cx ornom crant
|Landesvater, no-yccxn - nat-armmxa|. Manntxnx r n myrxy mt nastnam unxxamn
|no-yccxn - xnonamn| n cocraarntno rononm: nt unxx |das arme urm; no-yccxn
- nt xnon|.
nmcx x cnmnonnx oma. Kora mt no cn nontsymcx ntcrynamn omon, urot
yxnarnrtcx, n nanomnnar nn +ro nsncrno naono ntaxnn nx
----------------------------------------
1 tnnnyro uom ronxonann mn]a, cornacno conmnntm nayuntm
ncrannnnxm, xnnxrcx conmnno nnntm, nrnonymmnm cnooasn
mn]onornucxoro cosnannx xax ocoo ]omt naxnarnoro ocmtcnnnx crnnrntnocrn.
cnntno asnnroro mcra: y +ro crt sa uro noxartcx? ao ntaxarcx n raxnx
cnyuaxx n nnau, on rononr: ie hat viel Holz vor dem Haus |y +ro mnoro on n omom|,
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xax yro xnax nnrn nam na nomomt n namm ncronxonannn na xax xncxoro,
marnncxoro cnmnona.
m o n. am nxcno, xax +ror marnan cran cnmnonnucxn ncrannxrt
marnncxo, xncxo. arnmcx sa nomomtm x cannnrntno ]nnonornn. am nmnxo
cnono Holz |no| onoro xonx c rucxnm ili, uro osnauar "marnan", "ctt". yr mt
nmm no c onontno uacrtm cnyuam, xora om nasnann marnana n xonn xonnon
coxannnoct sa onnm uacrntm. oxan crt ocron no nasnannm Maa. ax xax on
nct tn noxtr ncom, noryrantnt ann my +ro nasnann, xora orxtnn ro. Madeira na
noryrantcxom xstx snaunr "nc". o nrxo ysnart, uro madeira n uro nno, xax cnrxa
nsmnnno narnncxo cnono materia, uro onxrt-raxn oosnauar marnm noom. A materia
noncxonr or cnona mater - mart. Marnan, ns xorooro uro-nno cocronr, xnnxrcx xax t
marnncxo uacrtm. axnm oasom, +ro nn nonnmann n cnmnonnucxom ynornnnn
noonxar cymcrnonart.
oxnn n cnonnnnn nocroxnno ntaxarcx ornomnnm x no; ocartcx n noy nnn
ntxonrt ns n osnauar oxart nnn oxartcx. cnyr satnart, uro +ror cnmnon
nnon onanan cctnxo na ncronm asnnrnx. rontxo rm, uro nc nasmnt
mnxonnrammn, nxnmuax nxon unonxa, nonsomnn or noxntx xnnorntx - +ro nctma
orannnax ananornx, - no n rm, uro xaxo mnxonnramm, xaxt unonx noxonr
nnym ]asy cnoro cymcrnonannx n no, a nmnno xax +mnon n oxononnono xnxocrn
n un marn, a nn oxnnn ntxonr ns not. n xouy yrnxart, uro nnnmn con
snar +ro, nanornn, x cunram, uro my n n nyxno +roro snart. n, noxrno, snar uro-
nnyt yro, uro my accxastnann n rcrn, no n sct x yy yrnxart, uro +ro snann
n cnococrnonano oasonannm cnmnona. rcxo my rononnn, uro r nnnocnr ancr,
no orxya on nx r? s nya, ns xonona, r. . onxrt-raxn ns not. nn ns monx
nannnron, xoroomy +ro cxasann, xora on tn manntxnm, ncus nocn +roro na nc
nocnonno nmx. axonn ro namnn na ry nya y samxa, on nxan, nnnnxnyn
nnunxom x nonxnocrn not n ycno ncxan na n manntxnx r.
mn]ax o oxnnn rox, nonrnyrtx cannnrntnomy nccnonannm . anxom
(1909), camt nnn ns xorotx o na aron ns ra, oxono 200 nr o . X.,
nonaammym ont nrar ocann n noy n cnacann ns not. anx orxtn, uro +ro -
nsoaxnnx oxnnx, ananornunt raxnm x n cnonnnnn. cnn no cn cnacamr ns not
xaxo-nnyt nnno, ro cunramr cx ro martm nnn nocro martm; n mn] nnno,
cnacamm nxa ns not, cunrarcx ro nacroxm martm. nsncrnom anxor
ymnoro ncxoro mantunxa cnamnnamr, xro tn martm Moncx. n n saymtnaxct
ornuar: nnnncca. o xax x, nosaxamr my, ona nt rontxo ntramnna ro ns not. ax
rononr ona, ornuar mantunx, noxastnax, uro nannntno ncronxonan mn].
rs osnauar n cnonnnnn cmrt, ymnann. nnxro rax x ornuart rxm na
nonoc, xya nanoct ymm nnno, orcyrcrnn xorooro onn uyncrnymr, uro ono yxano.
onxrt xorn t nosasnrt rm, xro cunrar, uro cnmnon cnonnnnx noncxonr or +roro
cnocoa ornartcx or nxa. o+r nontsyrcx raxo x cnmnonnxo, ronox o sarono
xnsnn xax
o norxtro cran, orxya n nosnamancx nn onn nyrnnx (no traueller). otnno
xnsnn mt rox uacro rononm o nocnnm nyrn. cxxn snarox nnro nryana snar, xax
ctsno ornocnnnct x ncrannnnm o nyrmcrnnn n crany mrntx, nannm, n
nnrnnrcxo nnrnn. o nac omna no mnornx +xsmnnxax Knnra mrntx, xoroo,
xax xom, cnaxann n +ro nyrmcrnn mymnm. rx no xax xnanma tnn ornnt
or xnnnm, nocnn nyrmcrnn ymmro crano antnocrtm.
nmnonnxa rnnrann rox n xnnxrcx um-ro nncymnm rontxo cnonnnnm. Kaxomy
ns nac cnyuarcx trt nnxnnntm n nasnart xnmnny "alte chachtel" |craax xonoa|, n
snax, uro nt nontsyrct nn +rom cnmnonom rnnrann. onom 3anr cxasano: xnmnna -
cocy cxyntnt. nxmnno ncann nn, rax nnnnxammcx no crnnm x
no+rnucxomy, nonno cxcyantno-cnmnonnucxnx ntaxnn, xorot n ncra nannntno
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nonnmannct n ronxonann xorotx, nannm, cnn cn, nnnno x nxorotm
noasymnnxm. on nosn ncxo nnrary ount acnocranno nsoaxnn
xnmnnt n nn oma, n xoroom nt cunrarcx nonontm orncrnm. Myx xanyrcx,
nannm, n cnyua orcyrcrnnx ncrnnnocrn, uro namn nt orxtro. nmnon crona nx
xnmnnt raxx nsncrn n +ro nnrary. nmnna rononr o cnom myx: x nnroronnna
my cron, xo on ro nnnyn. Xomt rn noxnnxmrcx ns-sa roro, uro myx nnnyn
cron. 3rn ]axrt x y ns crartn . nn ns mnna: "xcyantnax cnmnonnxa nnnn n
ranmya" (1914).
o, uro n xoann n cnonnnnn osnauamr xnmnn, noxcnxmr nam +rnmonorn, xorot
yrnxamr, uro nnonauantno xoanm (chiII) nastnancx rnnnxnt cocy n +ro tno ro
x cnono, uro onna (chaII). Iucxo cxasann o nan ns Konn]a n ro xn
Mnncc nornxar, uro nut osnauar xnmnny n uno marn. Kora, no Ioory,
rnan ntsnan rnt cno roxuo nmnmo, no ynro ns nnocrn cynyrn, urot nonyunrt
or n nxorot cnnnx, ymmax yocronnna cx nanomnnannm, uro on, nan,
nocrannn cno xn n xononym nut, namxax na cotrn, o xoroom nnxro yro n mor
snart. nsanno u. . Kayccom Anthropophyteia, nsamnnmom ncrounnx ncro, uro
xacarcx nonono xnsnn naoon, mt unram, uro n ono nmnxo mcrnocrn o xnmnn,
asmnnmcx or mnn, ronoxr, uro y n onannnact nut. nroronnnn ornx, nc,
uro c nnm cnxsano, o rnynnt nonnxnyro cxcyantno cnmnonnxo. namx ncra xnnxrcx
myxcxnmn rnnrannxmn, a mcro ornx, ouar - xncxnm nonom.
cnn, trt moxr, nt ynnnxnnct romy, xax uacro nanma]rt n cnonnnnn
ncnontsymrcx nx nsoaxnnx xncxnx rnnrann, ro or mn]onoron nt moxr ysnart,
xaxym ont mart-smnx nrana n ncrannnnxx n xyntrax nnocrn n xax nonnmann
smnnnx onnxnoct +ro cnmnonnxo. o, uro n cnonnnnn xomnara (Zimmer)
ncrannxr xnmnny (Frauenzimmer), nt cxnonnt yr oxcnnrt ynornnnm n
namm xstx cnona Frauenzimmer |aa| nmcro Frau, r. . samnt unonucxo nnunocrn
nnasnaunntm nx n nommnnm. oontm x oasom mt rononm o tcoxo or
n noasymnam no +rnm cynrana n ro nannrntcrno; nasnann nnrnnrcxoro
nnacrnrnx ]aaona raxx osnauano n uro nno, xax "ontmo no". ( nnm ocrox
not mxy nontmn nooramn rooa xnnxmrcx mcrom conma, xax tnount nnoman
n xnaccnucxom mn.) , nana, ymam, uro +ro oxcnnn cnnmxom nonxnocrno. Mn
xaxrcx on noxrntm, uro xomnara xax nocrancrno, nxnmuamm n cx unonxa, crana
cnmnonom xnmnnt. Mt yx nt snam,
uro cnono "om" ynornxrcx n +rom snaunnn; ns mn]onornn n no+rnucxnx
ntaxnn mt moxm oannrt n xaucrn yrnx cnmnonon xnmnnt m roo, samox,
non, xnocrt. onoc tno t nru mnrt, ncnontsyx cnonnnnx nnn, n snammnx n
n nonnmammnx nmnxoro xstxa. nocnnn rot x nunn nnmymcrnnno nnocrannn
n, nacxontxo nomnm, n nx xstxax n tno ananornunoro cnonoynornnnx. crt n yrn
oxasarntcrna romy, uro cnmnonnucxo ornomnn moxr nrn xstxont rannnt, uro,
nnoum, yx yrnxan crat nccnonarnt cnonnnn yr (114). noum, nn
onn ns monx nannnron n tn aconmrno n snaxom c nmnxnm xstxom, rax uro x
nocrannxm mnrt +ror nonoc rm ncnxoanannrnxam, xorot moryr coart ontr n
yrnx cranax, nccnyx nnn, nnammnx onnm xstxom.
n cnmnonon, nsoaxammnx myxcxn rnnrannn, na nn narcx xort onn,
xorot n ynornxncx t n myrountx, nocronaontx nnn no+rnucxnx ntaxnnxx,
oconno y xnaccnucxnx no+ron nnocrn. K nnm ornocxrcx n rontxo cnmnont,
ncruammncx n cnonnnnxx, no n nont, nannm, asnnunt nncrymnrt, n nnym
out nnyr. noum, xacaxct cnmnonnucxoro nsoaxnnx myxcxoro, mt sararnnam
ount mnoxym n roxuo ocnannamym onacrt, or yrnynnnx n xoroym ns cooaxnn
+xonomnn mt xornm nosxartcx. nmt no nonoy onoro, xax t ntnaammro ns xa
cnmnona "rn" mn xornoct t cnart ncxontxo samuann. m nxcno, n oycnonnna
nn oruacrn cnxrocrt +roro uncna anntm cnmnonnucxnm ornomnnm. o ncomnnntm
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xaxrcx ro, uro ncncrnn raxoro cnmnonnucxoro ornomnnx nxorot ncruammncx n
nno rxuacrnt nmrt, nannm rnnncrnnx, ncnontsymrcx n xaucrn
ron n +mnm. ax nastnamax ]annyscxax nnnnx, rox rxuacrnax, n crannt r
nyx rax anxo acnonoxnntx yr or yra ocronon, xax nnnnnx n ocron Mn, riskeles
(rn nonycornyrt norn, ncxoxmn ns onoro nnra), no-nnnmomy, rontxo crnnnsannx
myxcxnx rnnrann. nnocrn noonx myxcxoro unna cunrannct camtmn cnntntmn
samnrntmn ccrnamn (Apotropaea) nornn yntx nnnxnn, n c +rnm cnxsano ro, uro n
nnnocxmnx cuacrt amynrax namro nmnn ncra nrxo ysnart rnnrantnt nnn
cxcyantnt cnmnont. accmornm raxo nao, xorot nocnrcx n nn manntxnx
cxntx noxon: urtxnncrnt xnn, cnnntx, rn, noxona, ncrnnna n ryouncr.
rtxnncrnt xnn, cocrnnno ronox, samnxr rxnncrnt; cnnntx - nnn
cnmnon nnooonx; rn - ncomnnno, cnmnon nnnca, crt rnt, xorot ns-sa cnoro
ncomnnnoro cxocrna c myxcxnm unnom nonyunnn nn xnaccn]nxannn nasnann Phallus
impudicas; noxona nonroxr ourann xncxoro nononoro orncrnx, a ryouncr, ncymn
ncrnnny, nmr ornomnn x +ro xomnannn noromy, uro nar raxn nnxnnx, c
xorotmn n nocronaot cannnnarcx nonono axr (cm. Anthropophyteia). ro ncrnnn
xax cxcyantntm cnmnonom mt nosnaxomnnnct n cnonnnnn; nam na nomomt nnxonr
ynornnn n nmnxom xstx cnona "steigen" |nonnmartcx|, nnmnxmoro n
cnnn]nucxn cxcyantnom cmtcn. Ionoxr: "Den Frauen nachsteigen" |nncranart x
xnmnnam| n "ein alter teiger" |crat nonoxnra|. o-]annyscxn crynntxa nastnarcx la
marche, mt naxonm conmnno ananornuno ntaxnn nx craoro onnnnana "un vieu
marcheur". +rnm, noxrno, cnxsano ro, uro nn nononom axr mnornx xynntx xnnorntx
camn nsnarcx, nonnmarcx (steigen, esteigen) na camxy.
tnann nrxn xax cnmnonnucxo nsoaxnn onannsma n rontxo connaar c
nocronaontm nsoaxnnm onanncrnucxoro axra, no nmr n anxo nymn
mn]onornucxn naannnn. o oconno samuarntno nsoaxnn onannsma nnn, nyum
cxasart, naxasannx sa nro, xacrannn, noccrnom ntnannx n nttnannx syon, noromy
uro +romy crt ananornx n ]ontxno, xoroax, onxno trt, nsncrna ount nmnornm
nnnam, nnxmnm nx no cn. Mn xaxrcx ncomnnntm, uro acnocrannno y cront
mnornx naoon osann xnnxrcx +xnnnannrom n samno xacrannn. nor nam
coomamr, uro n ncrannn nsncrnt nnmnrnnnt nnmna nnoxr osann n xaucrn
nryana nn nacrynnnnn nonono snocrn (no nmx nasncrn no cnyuam nacrynnnnx
conmnnonrnx), n ro nmx xax yrn, xnnymn concm xom, nmcro +roro axra
ntmnamr onn sy.
3rnmn nnmamn x saxonuy cno nsnoxnn. 3ro ncro nnmt nnmt; mt ontm snam
o +rom, a nt moxr c ncrannrt, nacxontxo coxarntn n nnrcn nonyunnoct
t noono coann nnmon, cnn t ono tno cocrannno n nnranramn, xax mt, a
nacroxmnmn cnnnanncramn n onacrn mn]onornn, anrononornn, xstxosnannx, ]ontxnoa.
anamnnamrcx nxorot ntnot, xorot n moryr trt ncuntnammnmn, no amr nam
nnmy nx asmtmnnn.
o-nntx, mt nocrannnt n ]axrom, uro n acnoxxnnn nnxmro con naxonrcx
cnmnonnucxn cnoco ntaxnnx, xorooro on n snar n n ysnar n cocroxnnn
ocrnonannx. 3ro nacrontxo x noasnrntno, xax cnn t nt cnann orxtrn, uro nama
nncnyra nonnmar cancxnr, xorx nt snar, uro ona onnact n ormcxo nn n
nnxora ro n nsyuana. n namnx ncnxonornucxnx nossnnxx nnrxo oxcnnrt +ror
]axr. Mt moxm rontxo cxasart, uro snann cnmnonnxn n ocosnarcx nnnmnm
con, ono ornocnrcx x ro ccosnarntno yxonno xnsnn. o n +rnm nnonoxnnm
mt nnuro n ocrnram. o cnx no nam noxonmo tno nnonarart rontxo
ccosnarntnt crmnnnx, raxn, o xorotx nam nmnno nnn nocroxnno nnuro n
nsncrno. nt x ut nr o ccosnarntntx snannxx, o nornucxnx ornomnnxx,
ornomnnxx cannnnx mxy asnnuntmn oxramn, ncncrnn xorotx ono nocroxnno
moxr sammartcx yrnm. 3rn cannnnx n nosnnxamr xaxt as sanono, onn yx
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sanoxnt rorontmn, sanmnt as n nancra; +ro ntrxar ns nx cxocrna y asnnuntx
nnn, cxocrna ax, no-nnnmomy, ncmorx na asnnun xstxon.
rxya x rcx snann +rnx cnmnonnucxnx ornomnn? ontxo nontmax nx uacrt
oxcnxrcx cnonoynornnnm. asnooasnt naannnn ns yrnx onacr no ontm
uacrn nnsncrnt nnnmmy con; a n mt nnmt c ryom ortcxnnann nx.
o-nrotx, +rn cnmnonnucxn ornomnnx n xnnxmrcx um-ro raxnm, uro tno t
xaaxrno rontxo nx nnnmro con nnn nx aort cnonnnnx, naroax xoroo onn
ntaxamrcx. t mt ysnann, uro raxax x cnmnonnxa ncnontsyrcx n mn]ax n cxasxax, n
naontx noronoxax n ncnxx, n omnnnxrom cnonoynornnnn n no+rnucxo
]anrasnn.1 nacrt
----------------------------------------
1 x o rom, uro n xarnnax cnonnnn nmrcx cnmnonnucxo coxann,
rymm ocooro ncronxonannx, cnoxnnact n nnmn nmna. tuno +romy
coxannm nnanancx nornocrnucxn cmtcn, xorx ocrynntx nornucxomy oocnonannm
n +mnnnucxo nonx oxasarntcrn nanomnocrn raxoro noxoa n nnnonnoct.
nooasn nosnnnn ua, cranm nmrom ocrtx ncxyccn n noynnm mnornx
croonnnxon nnsnannx naxno onn ccosnarntntx nnunn ororn or roro nananra
ncnxoanannsa, xorot cosan u, saxnmuanoct n rom, uro n xaucrn ocnonnoro
nnnnnna oxcnnnx coxannx cnonnnn tn ntnnnyr nnnnnn cxcyantno
cnmnonnxn. ast nmtx xnnnn, ncrannxmtx cyxrom n cnonnnom cocroxnnn,
u crynnnonan n asnnunt ]omt cxcyantno cnmnonnxn.
cnmnonnxn usntuano omnna, cnmnonnxa cnonnnn xnnxrcx mano uacrtm,
ax nnncooasno nncrynart x accmornnm nc +ro nonmt ncxox ns
cnonnnnx. Mnorn ynornrntnt n yrnx onacrxx cnmnont n cnonnnnxx n
ncruamrcx nnn ncruamrcx nnmt ount xo, nxorot ns cnmnonon cnonnnn
ncruamrcx n no ncx yrnx onacrxx, a rontxo n ro nnn nno. osnnxar nnuarnnn,
uro n namn xaxo-ro nnn, no yraunnt cnoco ntaxnnx, or xorooro n asntx
onacrxx coxannnoct asno, ono rontxo sct, yro rontxo ram, rrt n cnrxa
nsmnnno ]om n ncxontxnx onacrxx. xouy ncnomnnrt sct ]anrasnm onoro
nnrcnoro ymnnoontnoro, nooaxanmro c xaxo-ro "ocnonno xstx", or xorooro
no ncx +rnx cnmnonnucxnx ornomnnxx yro t nmnnct ocrarxn.
-rrtnx, nam onxno tno ocnrtcx n rnasa, uro cnmnonnxa n yrnx yxasanntx
onacrxx n rontxo cxcyantnax, n ro nmx xax n cnonnnnn cnmnont ncnontsymrcx nourn
ncxnmunrntno nx ntaxnnx cxcyantntx oxron n ornomnn. +ro nnrxo
oxcnnrt. namnn nn ncxono cxcyantno snaunmt cnmnont nosn yro nnmnnn
n n cnxsan nn c +rnm nsncrnt nxo or cnmnonnucxoro nsoaxnnx x yromy ro
nny? a +ror nonoc, ounnno, nntsx ornrnrt, cnn nmrt no rontxo c cnmnonnxo
cnonnnn. Moxno nnmt nnonoxnrt, uro cymcrnyr oconno rcno ornomnn mxy
ncrnnntmn cnmnonamn n cxcyantnocrtm.
o +romy nonoy nam tno ano n nocnnn rot ono naxno yxasann. unnonor I.
n (Vncana),
aorammn nsanncnmo or ncnxoanannsa, ntnnnyn (1912) yrnxnn, uro
cxcyantnt nornocrn nnnnmann camo nnoccrnnno yuacrn n nosnnxnonnnn n
antnmm asnnrnn xstxa. auantnt snyxn un cnyxnnn coomnnm n nostnann
cxcyantnoro narna; antnm asnnrn xon cnon cononoxano ryont onannn
nnotrnoro unonxa. 3rn aort tnn conmcrntmn n noxonnn n cononoxnnn
nrmnucxn nonroxmtx xstxontx ntaxnn. n +rom cxcyantnt nnrc nnocnncx
na aory. nonmnno nnotrnt unonx nan ry nnxrntm nx cx, nnnnmax
ro sa +xnnnannr n samny nonono xrntnocrn. axnm oasom, nonsnocnmo nn om
aor cnono nmno na snaunnx, oosnauax xax nonono axr, rax n nnannnnym x nmy
ryonym xrntnocrt. o nmnm cnono ocnoonnoct or cxcyantnoro snaunnx n
sa]nxcnonanoct na +ro aor. nymmn noxonnnx nocrynann rouno rax x c nontm
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cnonom, xoroo nmno cxcyantno snaunn n nnmnxnoct x nonomy nny rya. axnm
oasom nosnnxano xaxo-ro uncno xon cnon, xorot nc tnn cxcyantnoro
noncxoxnnx, a sarm nnmnnnct cnoro cxcyantnoro snaunnx. cnn ntmnsnoxnnax
rouxa snnx nannntna, ro n namn, no ncxxom cnyua, orxtnarcx nosmoxnocrt
nonnmannx cnmnonnxn cnonnnn. Mt mornn t nonxrt, noumy n cnonnnnn,
coxanxmmm xo-uro ns +rnx camtx nnnx ornomnn, nmrcx raxo oromno
mnoxcrno cnmnonon nx cxcyantnoro, noumy n omm oyxn n oynx cnmnonnsnymr
myxcxo, marnant n ro, uro oaartnarcx, - xncxo. nmnonnucxo ornomnn tno
t ocrarxom nn nnnanxnocrn cnona; nmn, xorot xora-ro nastnannct rax x, xax
n rnnrannn, mornn rnt n cnonnnnn ntcrynnrt nx roro x n xaucrn cnmnonon.
o naroax +rnm naannnxm x cnmnonnx cnonnnn nt moxr raxx onnnrt
xaaxrnym oconnocrt ncnxoanannsa, naroax xoroo on cranonnrcx nmrom
ncomro nnrca, uro n moryr onrtcx nn ncnxonornx, nn ncnxnarnx. n
ncnxoanannrnucxo aor sanxstnamrcx ornomnnx c ount mnornmn yrnmn
rymannrantmn nayxamn, c mn]onorn, a raxx c xstxosnannm, ]ontxnoom, ncnxonorn
naoon n nnrnonnnm, nsyunn xorotx omar nnnmn syntrart. am yr
nonxrno, noumy na noun ncnxoanannsa ntoc xynan Imago, ocnonannt n 1912 r. no
axnn Ianca axca n rro anxa, nocrannnmn c ncxnmunrntnym saauy
noxnnart +rn ornomnnx. o ncx +rnx ornomnnxx ncnxoananns cnauana ontm anan,
um nonyuan. Xorx n on nsnnxar ntroy ns roro, uro ro cnooasnt syntrart
nornxamrcx n yrnx onacrxx n rm camtm cranonxrcx on ocronntmn, no n nnom
nmnno ncnxoananns nnoxnn r rxnnucxn nnmt n noxot, nnmnnn xorotx
oxasanoct nnoornontm n +rnx yrnx onacrxx.1 ymnnax xnsnt
----------------------------------------
1 u omnouno yrnxar, yro ncnxoananns nnnt nonoxnn mocr mxy
ncnxonornucxnm nccnonannm, c ono croont, n nccnonannxmn xyntryt - c yro.
oramma asaorxn "ncnxonornn naoon" (xyntryno-ncronucxo ncnxonornn)
nosnnxna saonro o ua, n 60-x rr. nomnoro nxa (rnrant, asayc n .).
antnmm, n nauan XX n., +ry norammy crmnncx annsonart . ynr n cno
cxrnromno "cnxonornn naoon". 3a ncxontxo nr o ynra yro nmnxn ]nnoco]
- . nntr ntcrynnn c aoro, n xoroo oocnontnan noxonmocrt naxy c
crcrnnnonayuno ("oxcnnrntno") ncnxonorn asnnnart xyntryno-ncronucxym
("onncarntnym"), xoroax cnonm nmrom nmr nxnmunnocrt yxonno xnsnn nnunocrn
n xonrnnyym xyntryno-cmtcnontx cnxs.
Vxasanntm xonnnnnxm tn nncym ncnxonornsm - ntnnn connantno-ncronucxnx
xnnnn n noyxron ns nonccon n mxannsmon nnnnnyantnoro cosnannx. omna
omcrnnntx saxonomnocr nnamnxo ccosnarntntx nnunn xnnxrcx rnnnuno
oconnocrtm ncnxoanannsa. 3a nnoxnnm ua acnocrannrt nonxrnx n
oxcnnrntnt nnnnnnt ncnxoanannsa na nayxn o xyntry cxtnannct nnnt
mroonornucxn ycranonxn, nocnnnxrt n antnmm xom nccnonarn xyntryt na
3ana.
mcr c rm, yxasan na cnooasn cmno-auntx ornomnn n asnnuntx
xyntryax, u noynn +rnora]on sanxrtcx nx cnnnantntm nsyunnm.
orntnoro unonucxoro cymcrna ar nn ncnxoanannrnucxom nccnonannn
cnnnx, c nomomtm xorotx mt moxm asmnrt nnn, no xan m, nannntno
ocnrnrt nxorot rant ns xnsnn unonucxnx macc.
noum, x nam m n cxasan, nn xaxnx ocroxrntcrnax mt moxm rnyx ncro
sarnxnyrt n ror nnonaramt "ocnonno xstx", ns xaxo onacrn ysnart o nm ontm
ncro. oxa nt +roro n snar, nt n moxr onnnrt ncro snaunnx nmra. nacrtm
+ro xnnxrcx nnornxa, marnanom - cnmnromt n yrn nnornucxn noxnnnnx, nx
oxcnnnx n nunnx xorotx n tn cosan ncnxoananns.
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accmarnnax nonoc c urnro rouxn snnx, mt onxrt nosnamamcx x nauany n
nanannxmcx no namunnomy nyrn. Mt cxasann, uro ax cnn t nnsyt cnonnnnx n
tno, nam nc anno tno t nnrxo nonxrt cnonnnn, noromy uro n namn ncrana t
saaua nncrn xstx cnmnonon na xstx namro mtmnnnx n cocroxnnn ocrnonannx.
axnm oasom, cnmnonnxa xnnxrcx nrotm n nsanncnmtm ]axroom ncxaxnnx
cnonnnnx naxy c nnsyo. anamnnarcx nnonoxnn, uro nnsy yono
nontsonartcx cnmnonnxo, rax xax ona rox crmnrcx x ro x nnn - cnart cnonnnn
cranntm n nnonxrntm.
xoo cranr xcno, n naronxnmcx nn mt nn antnmm nsyunnn cnonnnnx na
nont ]axro, cnococrnymmn ncxaxnnm cnonnnnx. n xorn t ocrannxrt rmy
cnmnonnxn cnonnnnx, n xocnynmnct m as roro saraounoro ocroxrntcrna, uro ona
moxr ncrrnrt nctma +nrnuno conornnnnn oasonanntx nm, rora xax
acnocrannn cnmnonnxn n mn]ax, nnrnn, ncxyccrn n xstx conmnno ncomnnno.
Vx n onnxrcx nn +ro nnont ornomnnm x cxcyantnocrn?
H KH

Vnaxamt amt n rocnoa! cnn nt ycnonnn cymnocrt nnsyt cnonnnnx n
cnmnonnucxoro nsoaxnnx, xorx m n n concm asmnnn nonoc o ncxaxnnn
cnonnnnx, nt nc-raxn n cocroxnnn nonxrt ontmnncrno cnonnnn. n +rom nt moxr
nontsonartcx onmn ononnxmmnmn yr yra rxnnxamn, ntstnax y nnnmro con
acconnarnnnt mtcnn o rx no, noxa n nonnxnr or samcrnrnx x cocrnnnomy
|coxannm|, nocrannxx nx cnmnonon nx snaunn, ncxox ns cnonx cocrnnntx snann.
onnnntx nosnnxammnx nn +rom comnnnxx ut yr nrn nnx.
nt mt moxm onxrt nsxrtcx sa aory, xoroym n cno nmx ntrannct cnart, n
nmx nx +roro ocrarouno ccrn, xora mt nsyuann ornomnnx mxy +nmnramn
cnonnnnx n ro cocrnnntm |coxannm| n ycranonnnn nn +rom urt raxn
ocnonnt ornomnnx: uacrn x nnomy; nnnnxnnx, nnn namxa; cnmnonnucxoro
ornomnnx n narnxnoro nsoaxnnx cnona. o x camo mt xornm nnnnxrt n ontmm
macmra, cannnnax xnno coxann cnonnnnx n nnom co cxtrtm cnonnnnm,
nanntm nyrm ronxonannx.
amct, nt nnxora n nnyrar nx yr c yrom. cnn nt otrct +roro, ro
ocrnrnr n nonnmannn cnonnnnx ontmro, um, noxrno, ontmnncrno unrarn mo
xnnrn onxonann cnonnnn. osnontr m as nanomnnrt, uro ra aora, xoroax
nnonr cxtro cnonnnn n xnno, nastnarcx aoro cnonnnnx (raumareit).
aora, nontnamax n oarnom nanannnnn, xoroax nmr nntm or xnnoro cnonnnnx
oartcx o cxtroro, xnnxrcx nam aoro ronxonannx (Deutungsareit). aora
ronxonannx crmnrcx ycrannrt aory cnonnnnx. nsnannt ounnntm ncnonnnnm
xnannx cnonnnnx rcxoro rnna nc-raxn ncntrann na c uacrnunym aory
cnonnnnx, a nmnno nno xnannx n antnocrt n no ontm uacrn raxx nno
mtcn n nnsyantnt oast. 3ct n ryrcx nnxaxoro ronxonannx, rontxo oarnt xo
+rnx nyx nnamnn. o, uro nnannxrcx x aor cnonnnnx n yrnx cnonnnnxx,
mt nastnam ncxaxnnm cnonnnnx (raumentstellung); nmnno ro n nyxno ycrannrt
noccrnom nam aort ronxonannx.
annnnax ontmo xonnucrno ronxonann cnonnnn, x n cocroxnnn nocnonarntno
noxasart nam, uro nontnar aora cnonnnnx c marnanom cxtrtx ro mtcn. o x
nomy nac n ronart or +roro cnnmxom mnororo. 3ro ncro nnmt onncann, xoroo nyxno
ntcnymart co cnoxontm nnnmannm.
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ntm ocrnxnnm aort cnonnnnx xnnxrcx crymnn (Verdichtung). o +rnm mt
noasymnam ror ]axr, uro xnno cnonnnn coxnr mntm, um cxtro, r. . xnnxrcx
cnoro oa coxamnntm nnoom nocnnro. nora crymnn moxr orcyrcrnonart,
onaxo, xax nannno, ono nmrcx n ount uacro ax usmno. o nnxora n tnar
oarnoro, r. . urot xnno cnonnnn tno ontm cxtroro no omy n coxannm.
rymnn noncxonr
naroax romy, uro: 1) onnnnt cxtrt +nmnrt noom onycxamrcx; 2) n xnno
cnonnnn nxonr rontxo uacrt nxorotx xomnnxcon cxtroro cnonnnnx; 3)
cxtrt +nmnrt, nmmmn uro-ro om, n xnnom cnonnnnn connxmrcx, cnnnamrcx n
ono nno.
cnn xornr, ro moxr coxannrt nasnann "crymnn" rontxo nx +roro nocnnro
noncca. ro syntrart moxno oconno nrxo nomoncrnonart. s cnonx
cocrnnntx cnonnnn nt s rya ncnomnnr o crymnnn asnnuntx nnn n ono. axo
cmmanno nnno ntrnxnr xax , no oro xax , conmar xaxo-ro crnn, xaxo,
nomnnrcx, nan , a nn +rom snamt, uro +ro nnno - I. Konuno, naroax raxomy
cmmnnannm oconno nouxnnarcx uro-ro om nx ncx urtx nnn. ax x, xax n ns
nnn, moxno cocrannrt cmct ns nmron nnn ns mcrnocr, cnn conmarcx ycnonn, uro
orntnt nmrt n mcrnocrn nmmr uro-ro om mxy coo, ntnxmo cxtrtm
cnonnnnm. 3ro uro-ro no oasonannx nonoro n mnmonrnoro nonxrnx c +rnm omnm n
xaucrn xa. naroax naxnatnannm yr na yra orntntx crymamtx nnnn
nosnnxar, xax nannno, nxcnax, acnntnuarax xarnna, noono ro, xoroax nonyuarcx,
cnn na ono ]oronnacrnnx cnart ncxontxo cnnmxon.
nx aort cnonnnnx oasonann raxnx cmc ount naxno, noromy uro mt moxm
oxasart, uro noxonmt nx +roro omn nnsnaxn naouno cosamrcx ram, r nx antm
n tno, nannm, naroax ntoy cnoncnoro ntaxnnx xaxo-nno mtcnn. Mt yx
nosnaxomnnnct c raxnmn crymnnxmn n cmmnnxmn; onn nrann ont n nosnnxnonnnn
nxorotx cnyuan oronoox. cnomnnr monooro unonxa, xorot xorn egleitdigen
amy. Kom roro, nmmrcx ocrort, mxannsm nosnnxnonnnx xorotx oxc-
nxrcx raxnm crymnnm. naxo nsanncnmo or +roro moxno yrnxart, uro annt
noncc xnnxrcx um-ro notuntm n cranntm. ana, oasonann cmmanntx nnn n
cnonnnnn nmr ananornn n nxorotx rnonnxx nam ]anrasnn, xoroax nrxo
connxr n ono nno cocrannt uacrn, n crnnrntnocrn n cnxsannt mxy coo, -
nannm, xnrant n cxasount xnnornt n nn mn]onornn nnn na xarnnax xnnna.
t "rnoucxax ]anrasnx" noom n moxr nsocrn nnuro nonoro, a rontxo connxr
uyxt yr yry cocrannt uacrn. o cranntm n cnoco aort cnonnnnx xnnxrcx
cnymm: marnan, xorotm acnonarar aora cnonnnnx, cocronr nt ns mtcn,
mtcn, nxorot ns xorotx moryr trt nnnnnuntmn n nnnmnmtmn, onaxo onn
nannntno oasonant n ntaxnt. 3rn mtcnn nnoxrcx naroax aor cnonnnnx n
yrym ]omy, n cranno n nnonxrno, uro nn +rom nno, nncnnn xax t na yro
mn]r nnn xstx naxoxr cno nnmnnn ccrna cnnxnnx n xomnnannn. t otuno
nno craarcx nnnxrt no nnnmann nmmmncx n rxcr asnnunx, a cxocrna n
cmmnnart mxy coo. aora cnonnnnx crmnrcx x conmnno nornnononoxnomy:
crycrnrt n asnnunt mtcnn raxnm oasom, urot narn mnorosnauno cnono, n xoroom
o mtcnn moryr connnrtcx, noono romy, xax +ro narcx n ocror. 3ror nxo
nntsx nonxrt casy, no nx nonnmannx aort cnonnnnx on moxr nmrt ontmo
snaunn.
Xorx crymnn nar cnonnnn nnonxrntm, nc-raxn n nosnnxar nnuarnnnx, uro
ono xnnxrcx syntrarom crnnx nnsyt cnonnnnx. xo, xourcx oxcnnrt ro
mxannucxnmn n +xonomnucxnmn ]axroamn; onaxo nnxonrcx nnnnmart n acur n
nnsyy.
syntrart crymnnx moryr trt conmnno ncxnmunrntntmn. ro nomomtm nnora
nosmoxno onnnrt n conmnno asnnunt cxtrt mtcnn n onom xnnom
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cnonnnnn, rax uro moxno nonyunrt ono no t yonnrnoxmm ronxonann
cnonnnnx n nc x nn +rom ynycrnrt nosmoxnocrt yroro.
ncrnnm crymnnx xnnxrcx raxx ornomnn mxy cxtrtm n xnntm cnonnnnm,
saxnmuammcx n rom, uro mxy asnnuntmn +nmnramn n n coxanxrcx nocroro
coornrcrnnx. nn xnnt +nmnr coornrcrnyr ononmnno ncxontxnm cxtrtm, n
naooor, onn cxtrt +nmnr moxr yuacrnonart n ncxontxnx xnntx xax t n nn
nxcra. n ronxonannn cnonnnnx oxastnarcx raxx, uro |acconnarnnnt| mtcnn x
orntnomy xnnomy +nmnry n ncra nnxoxr no noxxy. acro nnxonrcx xart, noxa
nc cnonnnn n yr ncronxonano.
rax, aora cnonnnnx conmar ount notunym no ]om rancxnnnnm mtcn
cnonnnnx - n nno cnona sa cnonom nnn snaxa sa snaxom n n nto no onnnnomy
nannny, xora namrcx rontxo cornacnt xaxoro-nnyt cnona, a rnacnt onycxamrcx,
uro moxno tno t nasnart ncrannrntcrnom, r. . onn +nmnr ncra nsnnxarcx
nmcro ncxontxnx, - no +ro nuro yro n roaso on cnoxno.
rotm syntrarom aort cnonnnnx xnnxrcx cmmnn (Verschieung). nx ro
nonnmannx mt, x cuacrtm, nonnn nororonnrntnym aory; nt mt snam, uro ono
nnnxom xnnxrcx nom nnsyt cnonnnnx. no noxnnxrcx noxxnm oasom, no-nntx,
n rom, uro xaxo-ro cxtrt +nmnr sammarcx n cocrnnno cocranno uacrtm, a um-ro
orannntm, r. . namxom, a no-nrotx, n rom, uro ncnxnucxn axnnr cmmarcx c xaxoro-
ro naxnoro +nmnra na yro, n naxnt, rax uro n cnonnnnn nosnnxar nno nnr n
ono xaxrcx cranntm.
3ammnn namxom nsncrno nam n no nammy mtmnnnm n ocrnymmm cocroxnnn,
onaxo sct crt asnnun. n mtmnnnn n ocrnymmm cocroxnnn namx onxn trt
nrxo nonxrntm, a samcrnrnt nmrt cmtcnono ornomnn x cocrnnnomy |coxannm|
(igentliche). ocrora uacro nontsyrcx namxom, ona orxastnarcx or acconnannn no
coxannm n samnxr notuntmn nnmnnmn acconnannxmn, raxnmn, xax cosnyun n
mnorosnaunocrt cnona n . o ona coxanxr nonxrnocrt; ocrora nnmnnact t ncro cnoro
crnnx, cnn t nntsx tno s rya nonart oarnt nyrt or namxa x cocrnnnomy
coxannm. o namx cmmnnx n cnonnnnn cnoon or oonx orannunn. n cnxsan c
sammamtm +nmnrom camtmn nnmnnmn n orannntmn ornomnnxmn n no+romy
nnonxrn, a cnn ro asxcnnrt, ro ronxonann nonsnonr nnuarnnn nyauno ocrort
nnn nacnntcrnnno nnrxnyro sa nonoct, nnnyxnno nnrnrannn. Hnsya rontxo
rora ocrnrar cno nnn, xora yarcx nonnocrtm sarmnnrt oarnt nyrt or namxa
x cocrnnnomy |coxannm|.
mmnn axnnra xax ccrno ntaxnnx mtcnn n ncruarcx. n mtmnnnn n
ocrnymmm cocroxnnn mt nnora onycxam ro nx ocrnxnnx xomnucxoro +]]xra.
nuarnnn omnxn, xoroo ono nonsnonr, x mory y nac ntsnart, nanomnnn onn
anxor: n nn tn xysnn, xorot conmnn ncrynnnn, ocrono cmrno xasnn.
y nocranonnn, uro on onxn noncrn naxasann sa cno ncrynnnn, no rax xax n
nn tn rontxo onn xysnn n on tn noxonm, norntx x n nn xnno ro, ro
onn ns +rnx rx tn nonmn nmcro nro.
rn syntrar aort cnonnnnx ncnxonornucxn camt nnrcnt. n cocronr n
nnamnnn mtcn n snrntnt oast. 3anomnnm, uro n nc n
mtcnxx cnonnnnx nonxnr +romy nnamnnm, xo-uro coxanxr cnom ]omy n
noxnnxrcx n xnnom cnonnnnn xax mtcnt nnn snann; snrntnt oast xnnxmrcx raxx
n nncrnnno ]omo, n xoroym nnamamrcx mtcnn. naxo onn nc-raxn xnnxmrcx
cymcrnnntm ]axroom n oasonannn cnonnnnx; +ra croona aort cnonnnnx, xax mt
snam, xnnxrcx nroo nocroxnno uro cnonnnnx, a nx ntaxnnx orntntx
+nmnron cnonnnnx cymcrnyr, xax mt nnnn, narnxno nsoaxnn cnona.
cno, uro +ro nnrxax aora. rot cocrannrt nonxrn o rynocrxx, ncrantr
c, uro nt nsxnn na cx saauy samnnrt nonnrnucxym nonnny xaxo-ro rasrt xom
nnnmcrann, r. . nnyrtcx or yxnnnoro mn]ra x nnctmy ncynxamn. o, uro n +ro
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crart rononrcx o nnnax n xonxrntx nmrax, nt nrxo n, moxr trt, yauno samnnr
nnnmcrannxmn, no nn nsoaxnnn acraxrntx cnon n ncx uacr un, ntaxammnx
nornucxn ornomnnx, raxnx xax uacrnnt, comst n r. n., nac oxnamr rynocrn. n
nsoaxnnn acraxrntx cnon nt cmoxr c nomout ncnosmoxntmn ncxyccrnnntmn
nnmamn. t nontrarct, nannm, nart rxcr crartn yrnmn cnonamn, xorot
snyuar, moxr trt, notuno, no coxar ontm xonxrntx n noxoxmnx nx
nsoaxnnx nonxrn. 3arm nt ncnomnnr, uro ontmnncrno acraxrntx cnon xnnxmrcx
norycxnnmnmn xonxrntmn n no+romy no nosmoxnocrn nocnontsyrct nnonauantntm
xonxrntm snaunnm +rnx cnon. rax, nt yr at, cnn cmoxr nsoasnrt onaann
(Besitzen) oxrom xax crnnrntno ]nsnucxo cnnn (DarauI sitzen). ax x
nocrynar n aora cnonnnnx. n raxnx ocroxrntcrnax nt na nn yr nxnnxrt
ontmn nrnsnn x rounocrn nsoaxnnx. axnm oasom, n aor cnonnnnx nt
nocrnr, uro ona, nannm,
raxo rynt nx nsoaxnnx +nmnr, xax naymnn auno nnocrn (heruch),
samnxr yrnm xaxnm-nno astnom (Bruch), nnom norn (Beinruch).* amct, nt
cymr o nxoroo crnnn nocrnrt cnomomnocrt xstxa ncynxon, xora on sammar
coo yxnnnt.
----------------------------------------
* n ncnannnnn xoxryt +roro nncra mn cnyuano nonanact rasrnax samrxa,
xoroym x sct nnnoxy xax noxnanno noxcnnn ntmnsnoxnntx nonoxnn.
"K3 (nnom yxn sa naymnn cynyxcxo nnocrn) (Armruch
durch heruch).
nna M., cynyra onoro ononunna, onnnnna Knmnrnny K. n naymnnn cynyxcxo
nnocrn. onnnnnn rononrcx, uro K. naxonrcx c Kanom M. n ncrynno cnxsn, n ro
nmx xax cocrnnnt myx na non, orxya on ax nnctnar xmcxuno cmtcxr
xon. K. nonyunna or myxa nocraanm yx onontno mnoro nr, n ro nmx xax ona cama
c nxom ntnyxna xnrt n nyx n rnrt rono. onanmn myxa accxastnann , uro
K. nocmar c M. croant n xyrnr ram o nosn noun. naxt onnnxmax ax
cnocnna myxa nocraanm n nncyrcrnnn mnornx conar, cxoo nn on asnrcx co cno
"crayxo", urot nxart x n. na nnnarnnxa oma, r xnnr K., rox
nonoxarno nnna myxa nocraanm n nonnom nrnnx na xnarn K.
ua n cyom n onontmrarr K. ornnana, uro snar M., a o nnrnmntx
ornomnnxx yx n moxr trt n un. naxo cnnrntnnna ntrnna M. noxasana, uro
noxnanno sacrana K., xora ona nnonana myxa nocraanm.
onomnnt nn nnom aso na n xaucrn cnnrnx M. ornnan rora
nnrnmnt ornomnnx c onnnxmo. ua cyt tno ncrannno nnctmo, n xoroom
cnnrnt orxastnarcx or cnoro noxasannx na nnom asnarntcrn na n cosnarcx, uro
o nmnx mcxna noxnnan nmonnym cnxst c K. n nnom aso on rontxo noromy
ornnan cnon ornomnnx c onnnxmo, uro ona n asoom na xnnnact x nmy n na
xonnxx ymonxna cnacrn n nnuro n rononrt. "nt x, - nnmr cnnrnt, - x
uyncrnym nornocrt orxonnno cosnartcx n cyom, rax xax x cnoman nnym yxy, n +ro
xaxrcx mn naxasannm oxtnm sa mo ncrynnnn". ytx ycranonnn, uro cox
ncrynnnnx nomn, nocn uro nocraanmax nsxna xanoy oarno, a onnnxmax tna
onanana".
nx nsoaxnnx uacr un, noxastnammnx nornucxn ornomnnx, no "noromy
uro, no+romy, no" n r. ., nr noontx ncnomorarntntx ccrn; raxnm oasom, +rn uacrn
rxcra nonayr nn nno n ncynxn. ouno rax x naroax aor cnonnnnx
coxann mtcn cnonnnnx acrnoxrcx n ro ctom marnan oxron n
xrntnocr. nt moxr trt onontnt, cnn nam nocrannrcx nosmoxnocrt xaxnm-ro
oasom namxnyrt n on ronxom oasnom ntaxnnn na onnnnt nocrynnt
nsoaxnnm ornomnnx. ouno rax x aor cnonnnnx yarcx ntasnrt uro-ro ns
coxannx cxtrtx mtcn cnonnnnx n ]omantntx oconnocrxx xnnoro cnonnnnx, n
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ro xcnocrn nnn nxcnocrn, n ro asnnnn na ncxontxo ]armnron n r. n. Konnucrno
uacr cnonnnnx, na xorot ono acnaarcx, xax nannno, courarcx c uncnom ocnonntx
rm, xoom mtcn n cxtrom cnonnnnn; xoorxo ncrynnrntno cnonnnn uacro
ornocnrcx x nocnymmmy noonomy ocnonnomy cnonnnnm xax nnnn nnn
mornnnonxa; nnarouno nnoxnn n mtcnxx cnonnnnx sammarcx n xnnom
cnonnnnn cmno nxnmunntx n nro cnn n r. . axnm oasom, ]oma cnonnnn nn n
xom cnyua n xnnxrcx nsnaunrntno n cama ryr ronxonannx. cxontxo cnonnnn
ono noun uacro nmmr ono n ro x snaunn n yxastnamr na ycnnnx xax-nnyt nonyum
cnannrtcx c naacrammnm asaxnnm. ax n onom cnonnnnn oconno rynt
+nmnr moxr trt nsoaxn "ynramn", ncxontxnmn cnmnonamn.
n antnmm cannnnn mtcn cnonnnnx c sammammnmn nx xnntmn
cnonnnnxmn mt ysnam raxn nmn, x xorotm m n nororonnnt, nannm, uro
ccmtcnnna n acynocrt cnonnnn raxx nmmr cno snaunn. a, n +rom nynxr
nornnoun mxy mnnnncxnm n ncnxoanannrnucxnm nonnmannm cnonnnnx
oocrxrcx o nocnn crnnn. mnnnncxo rouxn snnx cnonnnn ccmtcnnno,
noromy uro ymnnax xrntnocrt cnxmro nnmna ncxxo xnrnxn; c nam x, nanornn,
cnonnnn ccmtcnnno rora, xora coxamaxcx n mtcnxx cnonnnnx xnrnxa,
cyxnn "+ro ccmtcnnno" onxnt narn cno nsoaxnn. sncrno nam cnonnnn c
nocmnnm rara (rn nnra sa 1 ]n. 50 x.) - xoomn romy nnm. taxnno n nm
cyxnn osnauar: ccmtcnnno tno rax ano ntxonrt samyx.
ouno rax x nn aor na ronxonannm mt ysnam o uacro ntcxastnamtx comnnnxx
n nynnnocrn nnnmro con no nonoy roro, ncruancx nn n cnonnnnn onnnnt
+nmnr, tn nn +ro annt +nmnr nnn xaxo-ro yro. Kax nannno, +rnm comnnnxm n
nynnnocrn nnuro n coornrcrnyr n cxtrtx mtcnxx cnonnnnx; onn nosnnxamr
ncxnmunrntno no crnnm nnsyt cnonnnnx n onxnt trt nnannnt x n nnonn
yanmnmcx nontrxam ynnuroxnnx +rnx +nmnron.
K camtm noasnrntntm orxtrnxm ornocnrcx cnoco, xaxnm aora cnonnnnx
asmar nornnounx cxtroro cnonnnnx. Mt yx snam, uro connannx n cxtrom
marnan sammamrcx crymnnxmn n xnnom cnonnnnn. nor c nornnononoxnocrxmn
aora cnonnnnx nocrynar rouno rax x, xax c
connannxmn, ntaxax nx c ocotm nnournnm onnm n rm x xnntm +nmnrom.
nn +nmnr n xnnom cnonnnnn, xorot cnocon trt nornnononoxnocrtm, moxr,
raxnm oasom, osnauart cx camoro, a raxx cnom nornnononoxnocrt nnn nmrt oa
snaunnx; rontxo no ommy cmtcny moxno mnrt, xaxo nno ntart. +rnm cnxsan
ror ]axr, uro n cnonnnn nntsx narn nsoaxnnx "nr", no xan m
nnycmtcnnnoro.
nm xnanno ananornn +romy crannomy nonnnm aort cnonnnnx ar nam
asnnrn xstxa. xorot nnnrnncrt yrnxamr, uro n camtx nnnx xstxax
nornnononoxnocrn, nannm, cnntnt - cnat, cnrnt - rmnt, ontmo - manntxn,
ntaxannct onnm n rm x xonntm cnonom. ("ornnononoxnt cmtcn nnonauantntx
cnon"). ax, na nnrnnrcxom xstx ken nnonauantno osnauano "cnntnt" n "cnat".
o nsxann noasymnn nn ynornnnn raxnx amnnannrntx cnon n un
onnrnonannct na nnronannm n conononrntnt xcr, nn nnctm nnannxnn rax
nastnamt rmnnarnn, r. . ncynox, n nonsnocnnmncx nn urnnn. Ken n snaunnn
"cnntnt" nncanoct, raxnm oasom, c nnannnnm nocn yxnnntx snaxon ncynxa nxmo
cnxmro unonuxa; cnn ken osnauano "cnat", ro cnonan ncynox nxno cnxmro
na xorouxax unonuxa. ontxo nosx naroax nrxnm nsmnnnxm onnaxono snyuamro
nnonauantnoro cnona nonyunnoct na oosnaunnx nx coxamnxcx n nm
nornnonocrannnn. ax ns ken - "cnntnt - cnat" nosnnxno ken - "cnntnt" n kan -
"cnat". rontxo nnmn xstxn n cnom nosnmm asnnrnn, no n roaso on
monot n ax xnnt ntn xstxn coxannnn n ontmom xonnucrn ocrarxn +roro nnro
nornnononoxnoro cmtcna.
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Xouy nnncrn nam n +ro cnxsn ncxontxo nnmon no K. nm (14).
narnncxom xstx raxnmn nc m amnnannrntmn cnonamn xnnxmrcx: altus (ntcoxn -
nnsxn) n sacer (cnxro - nucrnnt). xaucrn nnmon mon]nxannn onoro n roro x
xonx x ynomxny: clamare - xnuart, dam - cnat, rnxn, rant; siccus - cyxo, succus - cox.
ma x ns nmnxoro xstxa moxno orncrn: timme - ronoc, stumm - nmo. cnn cannnrt
ocrnnnt xstxn, ro moxno narn mnoro nnmon. o-anrnncxn lock - saxtnart; no-
nmnxn Loch - ta, Ltcke - nmx. anrnncxom cleave - acxantnart, n nmnxom kleen -
xnnrt.
nrnncxo cnono without, osnauamm, cocrnnno, "c - s", rnt ynornxrcx n
snaunnn "s"; ro, uro with, xom nnannnnx, nmr raxx snaunn ornnmannx, cnyr
ns cnoxntx cnon withdraw - orrnnart, art nasa, withhold - orxastnart, ocranannnnart.
oono x snaunn nmr nmnxo wieder.
asnnrnn xstxa naxonr cnom naannnt m ona oconnocrt aort cnonnnnx.
nnrnnrcxom, xax n n yrnx on nosnnx xstxax, ncruarcx oarnt noxox
snyxon n cnonax c onnm snaunnm. axnmn nnmamn n anrnncxom n nmnxom xstxax
xnnxmrcx: opI - pot |romox|; oat - tu |noxa|; hurry |cnmnrt| - Ruhe |noxo,
nnonnxnocrt|; Balken |nno, yc| - Kloen |nonno, uyan|.
narnncxom n nmnxom: capere - packen |xnarart|; ren - Niere |nouxa|.
axn nnncnn, xaxn sct noncxoxr c orntntmn cnonamn, conmamrcx aoro
cnonnnnx asnnuntm cnocoom. noaunnann cmtcna, samny nornnononoxnocrtm
mt yx snam. Kom roro, n cnonnnnxx ncruamrcx nnncnn cnryannn,
nsanmoornomnnx mxy nymx nnnamn, xax n "nnnyrom mn". cnonnnnn saxn
nxo crnxr n oxornnxa. an, ncruamrcx nsmnnnx n noxx cnonannx cotrn,
rax uro ro, uro xnnxrcx nmcrnymm nnunno, n cnonnnnn crannrcx nocn
ntrxammro ns n cncrnnx. c noncxonr xax nn nocranonx ntct nnoxo rynno,
xora cnauana naar ro, a norom ns-sa xynnc asarcx ntcrn, xorot ro ynnar.
nn crt cnonnnnx, n xorotx nct noxox +nmnron oarnt, rax uro nn ronxonannn,
urot nonxrt ro cmtcn, nocnnn +nmnr nyxno nocrannrt na nno mcro, a nnt - na
nocnn. t nomnnr raxx ns namro nsyunnx cnmnonnxn cnonnnnx, uro nxonrt nnn
naart n noy osnauano ro x camo, uro n ntxonrt ns not, a nmnno oxart nnn
oxartcx, n uro nonnmartcx no ncrnnn osnauar ro x camo, uro n cnycxartcx no n.
comnnno, uro ncxaxnn cnonnnnx moxr nsnnut ns raxo cnoot nsoaxnnx
onnnnym ntroy.
3rn urt aort cnonnnnx moxno nasnart axanucxnmn. nn nncymn raxx
nnnm cncrmam ntaxnnx, xstxam n nnctmnnocrxm, n ncyr c coo r x rynocrn, o
xorotx ut yr nnx n xnrnucxom oso.
rnt m o nxorotx yrnx nsrnxax. n aor cnonnnnx no, ounnno,
saxnmuarcx n rom, urot ntaxnnt n cnonax cxtrt mtcnn nncrn n uyncrnnnt
oast no ontm uacrn snrntnoro xaaxra. amn mtcnn xax as n nonsomnn ns raxnx
uyncrnnntx oason; nx nntm marnanom n nnanrntntmn +ranamn tnn
uyncrnnnt nnuarnnnx, nannntn cxasart, oast nocnomnnannx o raxontx. ontxo
nosn c nnmn cnxstnamrcx cnona, a sarm n mtcnn. axnm oasom, aora cnonnnnx
sacrannxr mtcnn norn rccnnnt nyrt, nnmar nx ocrnrnyroro asnnrnx, n nn +ro
rccnn onxno ncusnyrt nc ro, uro tno nnorno n xo asnnrnx or oason
nocnomnnann x mtcnxm.
axona aora cnonnnnx. o cannnnm c nonccamn, o xorotx mt ysnann nn
nsyunnn, nnrc x xnnomy cnonnnnm onxn ororn na sann nnan. o +romy
nocnnmy, xoroo xnnxrcx nc-raxn nncrnnntm, uro nam nnoccrnnno nsncrno, x
xouy nocnxrnrt m ncxontxo samuann.
crcrnnno, uro xnno cnonnnn rxr nx nac cnom snaunmocrt. am sasnnuno,
xoomo ono cocrannno nnn acnaarcx na x orntntx ccnxsntx oason. ax cnn
ono nmr xaxymymcx ocmtcnnno nnmnmm croony, ro mt nc anno snam, uro ona
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nosnnxna naroax ncxaxnnm cnonnnnx n moxr nmrt x nnyrnnmy ro coxannm
rax x mano ornomnnx, xax ]aca nrantxncxo nxnn x xoncryxnnn n cnny+ry.
nxorotx cnyuaxx n +ror ]aca cnonnnnx nmr cno snaunn, xora on nar n mano
nnn ax concm n ncxaxnnom nn xaxym-ro naxnym cocrannym uacrt cxtrtx mtcn
cnonnnnx. o mt n moxm ysnart +roro, n nonrnyn cnonnnn ronxonannm n n
cocrannn naroax my cyxnnx o rom, n xaxo m nmno mcro ncxaxnn. oono x
comnnn ntstnar ror cnyua, xora na +nmnra cnonnnnx, no-nnnmomy, naxoxrcx n
rcno cnxsn. +rom moxr coxartcx nnnt namx na ro, uro coornrcrnymmn +rnm
+nmnram cxtrt mtcnn cnonnnnx rox onxnt trt nnnnt n cnxst, no n yrnx
cnyuaxx yxamtcx, uro ro, uro cnxsano n mtcnxx, asnnno n cnonnnnn.
omm cnyr nsrart roro, urot oxcnxrt ony uacrt xnnoro cnonnnnx yro,
xax yro cnonnnn cnxsno cocrannno n xnnxrcx narmarnucxnm nsnoxnnm. ro,
cxo, moxno cannnrt c ncxyccrnnntm mamoom xun, cocrannnntm ns asnnuntx
xycxon xamnx nn nomomn nmnrnymmro ccrna rax, uro nonyuammncx ysot n
coornrcrnymr nnonauantntm cocranntm uacrxm. crnnrntno, crt nxax uacrt aort
cnonnnnx, rax nastnamax nronunax oaorxa (sekundre Beareitung), xoroax craarcx
cocrannrt ns nnxamnx syntraron aort cnonnnnx on nnn mn ramonnuno
nno. n +rom marnan acnonararcx sauacrym conmnno n n coornrcrnnn co
cmtcnom, a ram, r xaxrcx noxonmtm, namrcx ncranxn.
yro croont, nntsx nonnnnart aory cnonnnnx, cnnmxom onxrt.
xrntnocrt ncuntnarcx nuncnnntmn syntraramn; ontm um crycrnrt, cmcrnrt,
narnxno nsoasnrt n nonrnyrt nno nronuno oaorx, ona n moxr cnart. o,
uro n cnonnnnn noxnnxmrcx ntaxnnx cyxnn, xnrnxn, ynnnnnx, saxnmunnx, - +ro
n syntrart aort cnonnnnx, n rontxo ount xo +ro noxnnnnx asmtmnnnx o
cnonnnnn, no +ro no ontm uacrn - ]armnrt cxtrtx mtcn cnonnnnx, on nnn
mn mon]nnnonanntx n nncnoconnntx x xonrxcry, nncnntx n xnno
cnonnnn. aora cnonnnnx raxx n moxr cosanart n u. 3a mantmn
ncxnmunnxmn un n cnonnnnn xnnxmrcx noaxannxmn n cocrannnt ns u, xorot
nnnmn con cntman nnn cam nonsnocnn n ror nt, xora nnn con, n xorot nxnmunt
n cxtrt mtcnn xax marnan nnn xax noynrnn cnonnnnx. ouno rax x aora
cnonnnnx n moxr nonsnonrt ntuncnnnx; nc ntuncnnnx, xorot ncruamrcx n
xnnom cnonnnnn, - +ro no ontm uacrn nao uncn, xaxymncx ntuncnnnx, xax
ntuncnnnx onn conmnno ccmtcnnnt, n ncroxn ntuncnnn onxrt-raxn naxoxrcx n
cxtrtx mtcnxx cnonnnnx. n +rnx ornomnnxx nynnnrntno raxx, uro nnrc,
xorot ntstnar aora cnonnnnx, cxoo ycrmnxrcx or n x cxtrtm mtcnxm
cnonnnnx, noxnnxmmnmcx naroax xnnomy cnonnnnm
n on nnn mn ncxaxnnom nn. o nntsx onantnart ro, urot +ro nsmnnn
ornomnnx saxonno rax anxo, uro c rornucxo rouxn snnx cxtrt mtcnn noom
cranxrcx na mcro camoro cnonnnnx n o nocnnm ntcxastnarcx ro, uro moxr ornocnrtcx
rontxo x nntm. ranno, uro nx raxoro cmmnnannx mornn snoynornrt syntraramn
ncnxoanannsa. "nonnnnm" moxno nasnart n uro nno, xax syntrar aort cnonnnnx,
r. . ]omy, n xoroym cxtrt mtcnn nnoxrcx naroax aor cnonnnnx.
aora cnonnnnx - noncc conmnno cnooasnoro xaaxra, o cnx no n
ymnno xnsnn n tno nsncrno nnuro noonoro. axn crymnnx, cmmnnx,
rccnnnt nnamnnx mtcn n oast xnnxmrcx nontmn oxramn, nosnann
xorotx yx ocrarouno nosnaraxar ycnnnx ncnxoanannsa. s nnnnntx naannn x
aor cnonnnnx nt moxr raxx nonxrt, xaxn cnxsn orxtnamrcx mxy
ncnxoanannrnucxnmn nccnonannxmn n yrnmn onacrxmn, n uacrnocrn, mxy asnnrnm
xstxa n mtmnnnx. yrom snaunnn +rnx nsrnxon nt moxr oraartcx rontxo rora,
xora ysnar, uro mxannsmt oasonannx cnonnnn xnnxmrcx norornnom cnocoa
nosnnxnonnnx nnornucxnx cnmnromon.
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snam raxx, uro mt m n moxm nonnocrtm nonxrt snaunnx nx ncnxonornn ncx
nontx anntx, saxnmuammnxcx n +rnx aorax. Mt xornm yxasart nnmt na ro, xaxn nont
oxasarntcrna nmmrcx nx cymcrnonannx ccosnarntntx ymnntx axron - a nt
cxtrt mtcnn xnnxmrcx nmn - n xaxo noxnanno mnoxn ocryn x snannm
ccosnarntno ymnno xnsnn omar nam ronxonann cnonnnn.
y a rnt, noxany, camo nmx nnncrn nam asnnunt nnmt orntntx
cnonnnn, x +romy nt nororonnnt ncm ntmnsnoxnntm.
H KH
3 X
Vnaxamt amt n rocnoa! asouaontnarct, cnn x onxrt nnoxy nam
]armnrt ronxonann cnonnnn, nmcro roro urot nnrnacnrt nac yuacrnonart n
ronxonannn ontmoro xoomro cnonnnnx. t cxaxr, uro nmr na +ro nano nocn
crontxnx nnroronnnn, n ntcxaxr yxnn, uro nocn yaunoro ronxonannx crontxnx
rtcxu cnonnnn anno onxna tna t nosnnxnyrt nosmoxnocrt cocrannrt nao
ornnuntx cnonnnn, xorot nosnonxnn t nomoncrnonart nc namn yrnxnnx o
aor n mtcnxx cnonnnnx. a, no cymcrnyr cnnmxom mnoro rynocr,
nnxrcrnymmnx ntnonnnnm namro xnannx.
x ncro onxn nam nnsnartcx, uro nr nnxoro, xro sannmancx t ronxonannm
cnonnnn n xaucrn cnoro ocnonnoro sanxrnx. t xax nnxoxr x ronxonannm
cnonnnn? nyuano, s ocooro namnnx moxno sanxrtcx cnonnnnxmn yra nnn
aorart xaxo-ro nmx na cnonmn cocrnnntmn cnonnnnxmn, urot noynaxnxrtcx n
ncnxoanannrnucxo aor; no no ontm uacrn nnxonrcx nmrt no co cnonnnnxmn
nnn, craammnx nnosamn, nonrammnxcx anannrnucxomy nunnm. nonnnnx +rnx
nocnnnx ncrannxmr coo ornnunt marnan n nnxonm oasom n ycrynamr
cnonnnnxm soontx, no rxnnxa nunnx ntnyxar nac nounnxrt ronxonann
cnonnnnx rannrnucxnm saauam n ocrannxrt s nnnmannx ontmo uncno cnonnnn
nocn roro, xax ns nnx tno nsxro uro-ro nyxno nx nunnx. xorot cnonnnnx,
ncruammncx no nmx nunnx, noom nocrynnt nonnomy ronxonannm. ax xax onn
nosnnxamr ns nc conoxynnocrn nnsncrnoro nam ncnxnucxoro marnana, ro nx
nonnmann nosmoxno rontxo nocn oxonuannx nunnx. oomnn o raxnx cnonnnnxx
cnano t nnsxntm acxtrn ncx ran nnosa; +ro nam n nyxno, rax xax mt nsxnnct
sa cnonnnn c nntm nororonnrtcx x nsyunnm nnoson.
t oxorno orxasannct t or +roro marnana n cxo nnounn t ycntmart
ronxonannx cnonnnn soontx nm nnn cnonx cocrnnntx. o ns-sa coxannx
cnonnnn +ro nonycrnmo. n camoro cx, nn yroro, utnm onnm nontsymtcx,
nntsx rax cnomano onaxart, xax +roro ryr noono ronxonann ro cnonnnn,
xorot, xax nt yx snar, nmmr ornomnn x camomy nnrnmnomy n ro nnunocrn. Kom
+roro sarynnnx n nonyunnn marnana, nx coomnnx nnnnmarcx no nnnmann n
yro. t snar, uro cnonnnn xaxrcx cranntm ax camomy nnnmmy con, n ronox
yx o yrom unonx, xoroomy nnunocrt nnnmro con n snaxoma. nam nnrary
nr nocrarxa n xoomnx n noontx anannsax cnonnnn, x cam onynnxonan nxorot
ns nnx n amxax ncron onsnn; moxr trt, camt nyumn nnm ronxonannx
cnonnnn ncrannxmr coo onynnxonannt . anxom (1910) na cnxsanntx mxy
coo cnonnnnx ono monoo nymxn, sannct xorotx sannmar oxono nyx nuarntx
crannn, rora xax nx ananns - 76 crannn. Mn nonaonncx t nnmno nnt cmcr,
urot noxasart nam +ry aory. cnn mtcx sa xaxo-nnyt on nnnno n m on
ncxaxnno cnonnnn, ro nnxonrcx anart crontxo oxcnnn, nnnnxart raxo onnn
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acconnarnnntx mtcn n nocnomnnann, nart rax mnoro orcrynnnn, uro nxnnx o nm
oxasanact t conmnno sanyranno n nyonnrnonrntno. o+romy x onxn nocnrt
nac onontcrnonartcx rm, uro nru nonyunrt, - coomnnm o nontmnx ]armnrax
cnonnnn nnn, craammnx nnosom, no xorotm no orntnocrn moxno ysnart ro nnn
nno. ru ncro nomoncrnonart cnmnont cnonnnnx, sarm - onnnnt
oconnocrn rccnnnoro nsoaxnnx cnonnnn. xaxom ns nnxcnymmnx
cnonnnn x cxaxy nam, noumy x cun nyxntm coomnrt o nm.
1. nonnnn cocronr rontxo ns nyx nocrtx xarnn: ro xx xynr nannocy, xorx
cronx cyora; xaxax-ro xnmnna rnanr n nacxar ro (nnnmro con), xax cnoro
nxa.
o nonoy nno xarnnt nnnmn con (n) samuar, uro ro xx - naoxnt
unonx, xorot nnxora n conman n n conmnn t noonoro rxa. rnocnrntno
xnmnnt no nroo xarnn my nnuro n nnxonr n ronony, xom roro, uro +ro ro mart.
+rn xarnnt nnn mtcnn, ounnno, cnyr nnncrn n coornrcrnn yr c yrom. o
xaxnm oasom? ax xax on mnrntno ocnannar crnn xn, ro crcrnnno nnannrt
"cnn". "cnn mo xx, cnxro unonx, cran t xynrt n cyory nannocy, ro x mor t
onycrnrt nacxn marn". unnno, uro nacxa marn - raxo x nonycrnmo crnn, xax
xynn n cyory nx naoxnoro nx. cnomnnr, uro x rononn nam o rom, uro nn aor
cnonnnnx ornaamr nc ornomnnx mxy mtcnxmn cnonnnnx; onn acrnoxmrcx n cnom
ctom marnan, n
saau ronxonannx xnnxrcx nnont noccranonnrt onymnnt ornomnnx.
2. naroax cnonm nynnxannxm o cnonnnnn x cran n nsncrnom cmtcn
omcrnnntm xoncyntranrom no nonocam cnonnnn n n runn mnornx nr nonyuam c
camtx asntx croon nnctma, n xorotx mn coomamrcx cnonnnnx nnn nnararcx nx
ronxonann. , xonuno, naroan ncm rm, xro nnannxr x cnonnnnm ocrarouno
marnana, urot ronxonann crano nosmoxntm, nnn xro cam ar raxo ronxonann. K +ro
xarronn ornocnrcx cnymm cnonnnn onoro naua ns Mmnxna, ornocxmcx x 1910
r. nnnoxy ro, noromy uro ono moxr nam oxasart, nacxontxo cnonnnn n omm
nocrynno nonnmannm, noxa nnnmn con n acr nam ononnnrntno cnonx cnnn.
nt nnonaram, uro nt, n cymnocrn, cunrar nantntm ronxonann cnonnnn c
nomomtm ncnontsonannx snaunnx cnmnonon, acconnarnnnym x rxnnxy xornn t
ycrannrt, a mn xourcx ocnoonrt nac or +roro nnoro sanyxnnx.
"13 nmnx 1910r. mn cnnrcx: x y na nnocnn nnns no ynnn mnnrna, xax nyr
xonunnax raxca nycxarcx sa mno n noronm n xnarar mnx sa nxrxy. oxan nmnoro
antm, x cnsam c nnocnna, caxyct na crynntxy n naunnam xonornrt xnnorno, xnxo
ynnnnmcx syamn (or yxyca n nc cnnt y mnx nr nnnxrntx uyncrn). anornn cnxr
ncxontxo ncrantx am, xorot cmorxr na mnx yntaxct. 3arm x noctnamct, n, xax
yx uacro tnano, n +ror momnr nxoa x ocrnonannm nc cnonnnn cranonnrcx mn
xcntm".
nmnonamn sct mano nomoxmt. o nnnmn con coomar nam: " nocnn nmx
x tn nnmnn n ony nymxy, nnn rontxo na ynnn, no n nmn nnxaxo nosmoxnocrn
sancrn snaxomcrno. amtm nnxrntm nx mnx nonoom nx snaxomcrna morna trt
raxca, rax xax x ontmo nmnrnt xnnorntx n +ro x xaucrno c cnmnarn samrnn y
nymxn". n oannxr raxx, uro nonoxarno c ontmo nonxocrtm n sauacrym x
ynnnnnm snrn nmmnnancx n oty rtsymnxcx mxy coo coax. rax, mt ysnam,
uro nonannnmaxcx my nymxa nocroxnno noxnnxnact n cononoxnnn +ro oconno
coaxn. o ns xnnoro cnonnnnx +ra nymxa ycranna, ocranact rontxo acconnnymax c
n coaxa. Moxr trt, ncrant amt, xorot my yntamrcx, sanxnn mcro nymxn.
oro, uro on m coomar, nocrarouno nx oxcnnnx +roro momnra. o, uro n
cnonnnnn on r na nnocnn, xnnxrcx nxmtm nonronnm nnnomnnamo cnryannn.
n ncra ncruan nymxy c coaxo rontxo rora, xora tn na nnocnn.
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3. cnn xro-nnyt norxn cnoro oororo ocrnnnnxa, ro my onro nmx nocn
+roro cnxrcx cnt ocooro oa, n xorotx snann o cmrn saxnmuar camt crannt
xomnomncct c nornocrtm nocxcnrt mrnoro. o ymmn, yyun mrntm,
noonxar nc-raxn xnrt, noromy uro on n snar, uro ym, n cnn t on +ro ysnan, ro nnmt
rora ym t oxonuarntno; ro on nanononnny mrn, a nanononnny xnn, n xaxo ns +rnx
cocroxnn nmr cnon ocot nnsnaxn. 3rn cnonnnnx nntsx nasnart ccmtcnnntmn,
rax xax nocxcnn nx cnonnnnx n xnnxrcx nnnmnmtm, xax, nannm, n nx cxasxn,
r +ro conmnno otuno cotrn. acxontxo x cmor noanannsnonart raxn
cnonnnnx, onn cnocont na asymno mnn, no ocrono ynaxnnx xnann
nosnarnrt x xnsnn mrnoro ymr onnartcx +roro camtmn cranntmn ccrnamn.
nnaram nam sct raxo cnonnnn, xoroo snyunr ocrarouno cranno n ccmtcnnno
n ananns xorooro noxaxr nam mnoro ns roro, x umy nt nororonnnt namnmn
rornucxnmn accyxnnxmn. nonnnn onoro myxunnt, xorot ncxontxo nr romy
nasa norxn orna.
rn ym, no tn ntxonan n nnoxo ntrnxnr. rx no on xnnr, n nnnmn con
nar nc, urot on nnuro n samrnn. (3arm cnonnnn nxonr na yrn xnnnnx, n
nmmmn c +rnm, no-nnnmomy, nnuro omro).
rn ym, +ro mt snam. ro on tn ntxonan, n coornrcrnyr crnnrntnocrn, a n
nc nocnymm n nnnnmar no nnnmann. o nnnmn con accxastnar: xora on
nnyncx c noxoon orna, y nro asonncx sy. n xorn nocrynnrt c nnm no nnncannm
ncxoro yunnx: cnn rno sy r ocaxar, ntnn ro, - n ornannncx x synomy nauy.
o ror cxasan: sy n cnyr nttnart, nyxno nornrt. xo-uro nonoxy, urot ro
ynrt, nnxonr us rn nx onxrt, x +ro ntny.
3ro "ntnnmann", rononr nyr nnnmn con, n crt +xcrymannx.
yxnn nnnmn con nan? concm, noromy uro nt ntnnmancx n cam sy, a
rontxo ro, uro n nm omrnno. o noont nrounocrn, cyx no yrnm nnmam, nnonn
moxno oxnart or aort cnonnnnx. nnmn con crycrnn, cnnn n ono ymmro orna n
mrnt, no coxannnt sy. ynnnrntno, uro n xnnom cnonnnnn nonyunnoct uro-ro
ccmtcnnno, noromy uro n nc, uro moxno cxasart o sy, noxonr x orny. I x
noom ertium comparationis* mxy syom n ornom, uro cnano nosmoxntm +ro crymnn?
nc-raxn +ro, onxno trt, nmnno rax, noromy uro nnnmn con noonxar
accxastnart, uro my nsncrno, cnn ynnnmt no cn ntnanmn sy, ro +ro snaunr, uro
norxmt xoro-nnyt ns unnon cmtn.
Mt snam, uro +ro nonynxno ronxonann nnno nnn nno, no xan m, rontxo n
myrounom cmtc-
----------------------------------------
* rt n cannnnn.
n. m on nac noaxar ro ocroxrntcrno, uro nauarym raxnm oasom rmy moxno
nocnnrt n n yrnx ]armnrax coxannx cnonnnnx.
s antnmnx ronann nnnmn con naunnar rnt accxastnart o onsnn n
cmrn orna n raxx o cnom ornomnnn x nmy. rn onro onn, yxo n nunn cronnn
my, ctny, mnoro nr. rm n mn my nnuro n tno xant, on nnxora n rxn
rnnnx, nnxora n ncntrtnan xnannx, urot cxo nacrynnn xonn. n xnacrar uncro
ncxo nournrntnocrtm x orny, crornm ntnonnnnm ncxoro saxona. o n
ocarcx nn nam n rnasa nornnoun n ornocxmnxcx x cnonnnnm mtcnxx? n
nnrn]nnnonan sy c ornom. o ornomnnm x syy on xorn nocrynnrt no ncxomy
saxony, nnrono xorooro rnacnn: ntnart ro, cnn on nnunnxr ont n ocay. no
ornomnnm x orny on xorn nocrynnrt no nnncannm saxona, xorot na +ror as osnauan,
ncmorx na sarart n cnoxocrno, nsxrt ncm rxxcrt na cx n n onycxart nnxaxoro
naxnoro namnnx nornn nnunnxmmro ro oxra. asn cxocrno n tno t
roaso on ncomnnntm, cnn t on crnnrntno noxnnn no ornomnnm x ontnomy
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orny r x uyncrna, uro n x ontnomy syy, r. . noxnan t, urot cxoax cmrt nonoxnna
xonn ro nsnnmnmy, craantucxomy n oorocroxmmy cymcrnonannm?
n comnnamct n rom, uro raxono tno ro crnnrntno ornomnn x orny no nmx
ro nnrntno onsnn, a xnacrnnnt ynnnx n ro naoxno nournrntnocrn
nnasnaunt nx roro, urot ornnut nnnmann or +rnx nocnomnnann. n raxnx
ycnonnxx otxnonnno nosnnxar xnann cmrn romy, xro nnunnxr cnoxocrno, n on
cxtnarcx no macxo cocraannx, xora, nannm, ymamr: +ro tno t nx nro rontxo
nsannnnm. o samrtr, uro n annom
cnyua ax n cxtrtx mtcnxx cnonnnnx mt nmarnynn xaxym-ro ury. nax nx
uacrt, ncomnnno, rontxo nmnno, r. . no nmx oasonannx cnonnnnx, ccosnarntna,
no naxnt uyncrna nornn orna mornn trt nnrntno nmx ccosnarntntmn, moxr
trt, nosnnxnn m n rcxn rot, a no nmx onsnn orna nocrnnno oxo n
samacxnonanno nocxantstnann n cosnann. m ontm ynnnocrtm mt moxm
yrnxart +ro o yrnx cxtrtx mtcnxx, xorot, s comnnnx, tnn ncrannnt n
coxannn cnonnnnx. s camoro cnonnnnx o naxntx uyncrnax x orny nnuro nntsx
ysnart. o, nccnyx ncroxn raxo naxnocrn x orny n rcrn, mt ncnomnnm, uro crax
n ornom cymcrnyr, noromy uro yx n camt annn rot on nornnnrcx cxcyantno
xrntnocrn mantunxa, xax nannno, on nonroxr +ro ns connantntx cooaxnn n nocn
ocrnxnnx nm nosacra nonono snocrn. 3ro ornomnn x orny cnocrnnno n nammy
nnnmmy con nnny; x ro nmnn x orny tno nnannno ocrarouno ynaxnnx n craxa,
nmnmnx cnonm ncrounnxom ann cxcyantno sanyrnnann.
antnmn yrnxnnx xnnoro cnonnnnx oxcnxmrcx xomnnxcom onannsma. "n
nnoxo ntrnxnr" xorx n ornocnrcx x cnonam synoro naua, uro yr nxacnno, cnn
ntnart sy na +rom mcr, no ononmnno +ro nmr ornomnn x nnaxnomy nny,
xorotm monoo unonx n nno nonono snocrn ntar nnn onrcx ntart cnom
usmnym nononym xrntnocrt. o, uro nnnmn con n s onrunnx nnc n xnnom
cnonnnnn nnaxnt nn c cx na orna, crt ona ns nsncrntx nam nnncn n aor
cnonnnnx. rx no on noonxar xnrt noxtnarcx xax xnannm nocxcnrt, rax n
omannm synoro naua, uro sy coxannrcx. o oconno xnroymno nnoxnn
"nnnmn con nar nc, urot on (orn) +roro n samrnn", nanannnno na ro, urot
cxnonnrt nac x ononnnnm, uro on ym. o nncrnnno asymno ononnnn ntrxar
onxrt-raxn ns xomnnxca onannsma, xora, camo coo asymrcx, monoo unonx nar
nc, urot cxtrt or orna cnom cxcyantnym xnsnt. cnomnnr, naxonn, uro rax
nastnamt cnonnnnx c nttnannm sya mt onxnt ncra ronxonart xax
onanncrnucxn n ntaxammn crax n naxasannm sa onannsm.
nt nt nnnr, xax cocrannnoct +ro nnonxrno cnonnnn. onsomno cranno n
nnoxm n sanyxnn crymnn, n xoroom nc mtcnn noncxoxr ns ct cxtrtx
mtcn n n xoroom nx camtx rnyoxnx n orannntx no nmnn ns +rnx mtcn
cosamrcx mnorosnaunt sammammn oasonannx.
4. Mt yx nonoxarno ntrannct nsxrtcx sa r "rsnt" n anantnt cnonnnnx, n
xorotx nr nnuro ccmtcnnnoro nnn crannoro, no no ornomnnm x xorotm ncrar
nonoc: saum nnnmt no cn raxym unyxy? xouy nnncrn m onn nnm raxoro oa,
rn cocrannxmmn ono nno cnonnnnx, nncnnnmncx n ony nout monoo am.
a) na nr us sany cnoro oma n asnnar ronony o nnsxo nncxmym nmcry.
nxaxnx nocnomnnann, nnuro, uro crnnrntno nonsomno t. xommnrann
nyr concm no yromy nyrn. "t snar, xax cnntno y mnx ntnaamr nonoct. nrx,
cxasana mn nua mart, cnn rax yr noonxartcx, ro y rx ronona cranr xax sanxx
uacrt (oo)". rax, ronona ntcrynar sct nmcro yroro xonna rna. mcry mt n camn
moxm nonxrt cnmnonnucxn; nc nmrt, cnocont ntrxrnnartcx n nnny, xnnxmrcx
cnmnonamn myxcxoro unna. axnm oasom, ut nr o xonorunnn ns nnxn
uacrn rna, xoroo nosnnxar or cronxnonnnx c nnncom. 3ro morno t nmrt m
ncxontxo snaunn; acconnarnnnt mtcnn noxastnamr, uro no saxnmuarcx n
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nnonoxnnn, yro mncryannx nosnnxar n syntrar nononoro axra c myxunno, -
uacrt cxcyantno ronn, acnocrannno cn mnornx nsntx nymx.
) na nnnr n nnnorannx rnyoxym xmy, o xoroo ona snar, uro ra oasonanact
naroax ntnannomy ny. na samuar nn +rom, uro na y n nr. na nmr n
nny, uro n nnna na no cn, no +ra ]asa cnyxnr ntaxnnm yro mtcnn, xoroax
nonnocrtm nornxar cnmnonnucxo ronxonann. nonnnn ornocnrcx x yro uacrn
rcxnx cxcyantntx ron - x yxnnm, uro nnonauantno nouxn nmnn raxn x
rnnrannn, xax n mantunxn, n rnmnxx nx ]oma oasonanact n syntrar xacrannn
(nttnannx na).
n) na cronr n xmnxom cnoro nnctmnnoro crona, n xoroom nc rax xoomo
snaxomo, uro ona casy x ysnar, cnn xro-nnyt n nm tncx. mnx nnctmnnoro crona,
xax ncxxn xmnx, cynyx, xooxa - xncxn rnnrannn. na snar, uro no rnnrannxm moxno
ysnart o nmnmm mcro nononom cnomnnn (xax ona ymar, n nnxocnonnnn), n anno
onrcx raxoro asonaunnx. ymam, uro no ncx +rnx rx cnonnnnxx axnnr cnyr
cnart na nosnannn. na ncnomnnar nmx cnoro rcxoro cxcyantnoro nccnonannx,
syntraramn xorooro rora ount ronnact.
5. nxrt nmnoro cnmnonnxn. o na +ror as n xoorxom nnanrntnom coomnnn x
saan ncrannm ncnxnucxym cnryannm. nn rocnonn, xorot nonn nmonnym
nout c xnmnno, onnctnar cnom narnmy xax ony ns rx marnncxnx nary,
y xorotx nn nonontx cnomnnxx c myxunno nornarnmo noxnnxrcx xnann nmrt
nxa. o ycnonnx ro ncrun rymr ocrooxnocrn, ns-sa xoroo onnoornoxmm
cmxnsnxnn yanxrcx ns xncxoro nona. ocnynmnct nocn +ro noun, xnmnna
accxastnar cnymmn con:
a ynnn ncnyr o]nn n xacno ]yaxx. na yrar or nro, xnr nnx no
ncrnnn, on nc sa n. 3atxaxct, ona ocrnrar cno xnarnt n saxnontnar sa coo
nt. n ocrarcx cnayxn n. xax ona nnnr n rnasox, cnnr cnayxn n nnaur.
ncnonannn o]nna n xacno ]yaxx n n rom, xax ona, satxaxct, nonnmarcx
no ncrnnn, nt, nnnmo, ysnann nsoaxnn nononoro axra. o, uro nnnmax con
sannarcx n ncnonarnm, moxr cnyxnrt nnmom rax uacro ncnontsymtx n
cnonnnnn nnncn, noromy uro nt n crnnrntnocrn myxunna nosxancx or
oxonuannx nmonnoro axra. ouno rax x ona nncna cnom rycrt na narna, rax xax on
nnaur n cnonnnnn; ononmnno +rnm narcx namx na cmxnsnxnn.
t, xonuno, xora-nnyt cntmann, yro ncnxoananns yrnxar, uro nc cnonnnnx
nmmr cxcyantno snaunn. nt nt camn n cocroxnnn cynrt o xoxrnocrn +roro
ynxa. t nosnaxomnnnct co cnonnnnxmn, ntaxammnmn xnannx, n xorotx ut nr
o yonnrnonnn camtx xcntx nornocr: ronoa, xaxt, rocxn no cnoo, co
cnonnnnxmn, ntaxammnmn yocrno n nrnnn, a raxx uncro xotcronmnntmn n
+roncrnucxnmn. o no ncxxom cnyua nt onxnt sanomnnrt xax syntrar
ncnxoanannrnucxoro nccnonannx, uro cnntno ncxaxnnt cnonnnnx nnmymcrnnno,
no onxrt-raxn n ncxnmunrntno, ntaxamr cxcyantnt xnannx.
6. V mnx ocoax nnunna nnncrn noontm nnmon ncnontsonannx cnmnonon n
cnonnnnn. n nam nno ncru x xanonancx na ro, xax ryna nn nnoanannn
ncnxoanannsa moncrannx n xax cnoxno c]omnonart raxnm nyrm yxnnx, n nt co
mno, ncomnnno, cornacnt. naxo orntnt yrnxnnx ncnxoanannsa nacrontxo rcno
cnxsant mxy coo, uro yxnn nrxo moxr acnocrannrtcx c onoro nynxra na
ontmym uacrt nc ronn. ncnxoananns moxno tno t cxasart: xro ar my nann,
roro on xnr yx sa ncm yxy. Komy xcno oxcnnn omnountx crnn, ror, no nornx
nm, n moxr n nonnrt ncmy ocrantnomy. rotm raxnm x ocrynntm momnrom
xnnxrcx cnmnonnxa cnonnnn. oomy nam yx onynnxonanno cnonnnn xnmnnt ns
nocronaotx, myx xoroo nonnncxn n xoroax, xonuno, nnxora nnuro n cntmana o
cnmnonnx cnonnnn n ncnxoananns. ynr camn, moxno nn nasnart nonsnontntm n
ncxyccrnnntm ro ronxonann c nomomtm cxcyantntx cnmnonon.
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".3arm xro-ro nonancx n xnarny, n ona n ncnyr nosnana nonnncxoro. o ror c nymx
"oxramn" cnoxono nomn n nxont, x xoroo nno ncxontxo crynn. 3a nxontm
tna roa, a nanxy rycro nc. a nonnncxom tn mnm, xyrnt noornnx n nnam, y
nro tna rmnax ooa. a oxrn, xorot mnno mnn nmcr c nonnncxnm, nmnn
nonxsannt na ax mmxooasnt nnnxn. r nxnn x ro nna oora. na c onx
croon noocna rano n xycrannxom, xorot cranonnncx nc rym, a na nmnn
nnamancx n nacroxmn nc".
t s rya ysnar ncnontsonannt cnmnont. Myxcxn rnnrannn nsoaxnt rmx
nnnamn, xncxn - nanma]rom c xannno, roo n ncom. t onxrt ncruarct co
crynnxmn n xaucrn cnmnona
nononoro axra. o, uro n cnonnnnn nastnarcx roo, n n anaromnn nmr ro x
nasnann, a nmnno Mons Veneris, yro nt.
7. m ono cnonnnn, xoroo moxno asxcnnrt nn nomomn cnmnonon,
samuarntno n ynrntno rm, uro cam nnnmn con nnn nc cnmnont, xorx y nro
n tno nnxaxnx nnanrntntx rornucxnx snann nx ronxonannx cnonnnn. axo
oas crnn nctma notun, n ycnonnx ro rouno nnsncrnt.
"x rynxr c ornom n xaxom-ro mcr, nanno, na ar, noromy uro nnna orona,
n n manntxax nncroxa, x n nnnxsan nosymnt ma, xorot xaxrcx onontno
nnoxo nayrtm. rn cnamnnar ro, x umy nc +ro; on ynnnxrcx +romy, no oxcnxr
my. 3arm onn nnxoxr na no, na xoroom asnoxn ontmo nncr xcrn. rn xour
oronart c or nro ontmo xycox, no cnauana ornxtnarcx, n moxr nn ro xro-nnyt
samrnrt. n rononr my, uro nyxno rontxo cxasart cmornrnm, n rora on moxr nsxrt
c s ncxxnx xonann. s +roro noa nnns nr ncrnnna n maxry, crnt xoroo
onrt mxrxnm, no xax xoxano xcno. xonn +ro maxrt nnnnax nnar]oma, a antm
naunnarcx nonax maxra."
am nnnmn con ronxyr ro: orona - mon rnnrannn, nosymnt ma n n -
mo nnnc, na mxrxocrt xorooro x ntnyxn xanonartcx. nyr nncrn on rantno:
orona - sanxx uacrt, nocroxnno nnuncnxmax nxom x rnnrannxm, manntxax
nncroxa - momonxa. cnonnnnn orn ro cnamnnar, uro nc +ro snaunr, r. . o nnn n
]ynxnnn rnnrann. nonn crcrnnno onyrt +ro nonoxnn nm rax, urot
cnamnnan on. ax xax on nnxora n cnamnnan orna o +rom, mtcnt cnonnnnx cnyr
nonnmart xax xnann nnnxrt ro ycnonno
no: "cnn t x nonocnn orna asxcnnrt cxcyantno". oonxnn +ro mtcnn mt
cxoo nam n yrom mcr.
no, r asnoxna xcrt, n cnyr casy nonnmart cnmnonnucxn, on ncrannxr
coo rorono nommnn orna. o nnunn conmnnx rant x samnnn xcrtm ror
marnan, xorotm roryr orn, n nsmnnn nn n um ocrantnom ocnonnym nauy
cnonnnnx. nnmn con ncrynnn n no orna n tn usntuano noaxn ro cxo
nxoxrno naxrnxo, na xoroo no ontm uacrn ocnontnarcx nonyunn nntnn.
o+romy noonxnn ntmynomxnyro mtcnn cnonnnnx morno t rnacnrt: "(cnn t x
ro cnocnn), on omanyn t mnx, xax omantnar cnonx xnnnron". o nonoy nomxn
xcrn, xoroax cnyxnr nx nsoaxnnx nono nucrnocrn, nnnmn con cam ar nroo
oxcnnn: ona osnauar onannsm. 3ro nam n rontxo anno snaxomo, no raxx ount xoomo
cornacyrcx c rm, uro rana onannsma ntaxna noccrnom nornnononoxnocrn (nt +ro
moxno nart orxtro). an, xax n cnonano oxnart, onanncrnucxax xrntnocrt
nnnnctnarcx onxrt-raxn orny, xax n accnoct n nno cnn cnonnnnx. axry on
casy x ronxyr xax nnarannm, cctnaxct na mxrxym onnxy crn. o, uro cnycxom, xax n
nomom, otuno nsoaxarcx nonono axr no nnarannm, x oannm no cocrnnno
nnnnnarnn.
rann, uro sa nno maxro cnyr nnnnax nnar]oma, a sarm nonax maxra, on
cam oxcnxr nora]nucxn. n onro nmx nn nononym xnsnt, sarm orxasancx or
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nonontx cnomnn ncncrnn sarynnn n rnt narcx onxrt nosononnrt nx c
nomomtm nunnx.
. a cnymmnx cnonnnnx onoro nnocranna c nacnonoxnnocrtm x nonnramnn
x nnny nam n oxasarntcrno yrnxnnx, uro cocrnnno noxnnxrcx n xaxom
cnonnnnn, ax cnn ono cxtro n xnnom coxannn. moant n cnonnnnn xnnxmrcx
xncxnmn cnmnonamn.
a) n ysxar, ro arax ocrannxrcx n +xnnax na noxsan, mnoro umoanon onn na
yrom, cn nnx na ontmnx untx "oasnontx" umoana. yrmnn on xomy-ro
rononr: rax nt +rn yr rontxo o noxsana.
crnnrntnocrn on nyrmcrnyr c ount ontmnm araxom, no nmx nunnx
accxastnar raxx ount mnoro ncron c xnmnnamn. na untx umoana coornrcrnymr
nym mnrxam, xorot n nacroxm nmx nramr n ro xnsnn rnannym ont. na ns nnx
xorna nnxart ncn sa nnm n ny; no no momy conry on orxasan no rnra]y.
) nna n ramoxn: onn naccaxn orxtnar cno umoan n rononr, annoymno
saxynnax nannocy: ryr nnuro nr. amoxnnt unnonnnx, xaxrcx. nnr my, no onycxar
m as yxy n naxonr uro-ro oconno sanmnno. ora naccaxn asouaonanno
rononr: ryr nnuro n nonamt. n cam - naccaxn, x - ramoxnnt unnonnnx. tuno on
ount ncxnn n cnonx nnsnannxx, no mnn yranrt or mnx nonym cnxst c amo, noromy
uro nannntno nonaran, uro ona mn nstsncrna. nnxrno nonoxnn trt ynnunntm
on nnc na uyxo nnno, rax uro cam on xax yro n noxnnxrcx n +rom cnonnnnn.
9. or nnm ncnontsonannx cnmnona, o xoroom x m n ynomnnan:
n ncruar cnom ccry n cononoxnnn nyx noyr, xorot camn ccrt. n
noar yxy onm, a ccr nr.
nxaxo cnxsn c crnnrntntmn cotrnxmn. ro mtcnn ynocxrcx x romy nmnn,
xora on asmtmnxn na cnonm nanmnnm, uro ryt noux asnnnarcx rax nosno.
rax, o ccrt - +ro ryn, on c yonontcrnnm t nx nororan, no rontxo urot +ro n
tnn ryn ro ccrt.
10. nor nnm cnmnonnxn cmrn n cnonnnnn:
n nr no ount ntcoxomy xyromy xnsnomy mocrnxy c nymx nnnamn, nmna xorotx
snar, no nn noyxnnn satnar. yr r no ncusamr, a on nnnr unonxa, noxoxro
na nnnnnn, n xonnax n nonornxnom xocrmm. n cnamnnar y nro, n rnra]ncr nn
on. r. nsnosunx nn? r. ora on nr antm, m no cn ncntrtnar cnntnt crax
n, nocnynmnct, noonxar cnonnnn ]anrasn, uro xnsnt mocr nyr nomarcx, n on
naar n nonacrt.
nna, o xorotx nouxnnarcx, uro onn nnsncrnt, uro nx nmna satrt, no ontm
uacrn ount nnsxn nmn. nnmn con nmr nyx ccr; cnn t on xorn nm onm
cmrn, ro tno t nnonn cnannnno, uro sa +ro ro nocrnr t crax cmrn.
rnra]ncr on samuar, uro raxn nmn ncra nnnocxr nnoxn ncrn, cyx no ]omnno
ox, +ro mor trt n ]onamnx, xorot rax x rymnr ]onan, xax rnn cmrn racnr
]axn xnsnn. nsnosunxom on acconnnyr crnxornonn Vnana o mocxo nosx xoonx
Kana n ncnomnnar onacno mocxo nyrmcrnn c nymx ronanmamn, no nmx xorooro
on nran ont xoonx ns crnxornonnx. o nonoy xnsnoro mocra my nnxonr n ronony
onn ncuacrnt cnyua nocnnro nmnn n rnyno ntaxnn: "xnsnt crt mocr ns
nn".
11. yrnm nnmom nsoaxnnx cmrn moxr cnyxnrt cnonnnn:
nsncrnt rocnonn noar sa nro nnsnrnym xarouxy c uno xamo.
12. o mnornx ornomnnxx nac sannrcyr cnymm cnonnnn, x nnoctnxam
xorooro, nana, ornocnrcx nnornucxo cocroxnn.
n r no xnsno oor. os ocranannnnarcx n orxtrom non. n nonarar, uro
rosnr xaracro]a n nao noymart o rom, urot cnacrnct rcrnom, noxonr no ncm
ornnnxm nosa n ynnar ncx, xoro ncruar: xonyxroon, mamnnncra n r. .
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o +romy nonoy - nocnomnnann o accxas yra. a xaxo-ro nnnnn n rannn n
nonyxyn nnosnnn ymnnoontnoro, no no nocmory nnycrnnn x nmy naccaxna.
ymnnoontno ynn cnyrnnxa. axnm oasom, on nnrn]nnnyr cx c +rnm
ymnnoontntm n oocnontnar cno nano nanxsunntm ncrannnnm, xoroo ro
nmnamn myuar, uro on onxn "ycrannrt ncx coyuacrnnxon". o sarm on cam naxonr
nyumym mornnnonxy, xoroax ar nono nx cnonnnnx. ua n rar on cnona ynnn
nymxy, na xoroo xorn xnnrtcx, no ocrannn, rax xax ona ana my ocnonann nx
nnocrn. n ro nnrncnnnocrn, o xoroo y nro oxonr nnocrt, on crnnrntno
comn t c yma, cnn t xnnncx na n. 3ro snaunr: on cunrar nacrontxo nnaxno,
uro ns nnocrn onxn tn t ynnart ncx nm, xorot nonaannct my na nyrn.
Xoxnn us x xomnar, n annom cnyua ornnn, xax cnmnon cocroxnnx n ax
(Verheiratetsein) (nornnononoxnocrt nnoaunm - inehe) mt yx snam.
ocranonx nosa n orxtrom non n crax n xaracro]o on accxastnar:
xora onaxt no nmx nosxn no xnsno oor nonsomna noxnannax ocranonxa n
na crannnn, ona ymax nmcr c nnm monoax ama saxnnna, uro, nosmoxno, ncronr
cronxnonnn n rora camtm nncooasntm tno t yxart |die Beine hoch zu heen -
nonxrt nnx norn|. o +ro "norn nnx" (die Beine hoch) nrano raxx cnom ont no mnornx
norynxax n +xcxycnxx na nono nnot, xorot on nnnnnman c ro nymxo n
nno cuacrnnno nmx nmnn. ont arymnr nx roro, uro on onxn tn corn c yma,
urot rnt xnnrtcx na n. mor cunrart ncomnnntm, snax cnryannm, uro y nro nc
m nmnoct +ro xnann trt raxnm cymacmmnm.
H KH
XK u3M
Vnaxamt amt n rocnoa! osnontr mn onxrt nauart c nonyunnoro namn
syntrara, uro aora cnonnnnx no nnnxnnm nnsyt nnonr cxtrt mtcnn n
yrym ]omy ntaxnnx. xtrt mtcnn - +ro n uro nno, xax nsncrnt nam
cosnarntnt mtcnn nam xnsnn n cocroxnnn ocrnonannx; nont cnoco nx ntaxnnx
nnonxrn nam ns-sa cnonx mnorooasntx ur. Mt cxasann, uro on nosnamarcx x rm
cocroxnnxm namro nnrnnxryantnoro asnnrnx, xorot mt anno noonnn, x
oasnomy xstxy, cnmnonnucxomy ornomnnm, moxr trt, x ornomnnxm,
cymcrnonanmnm o asnnrnx xstxa namro mtmnnnx. noco ntaxnnx aort
cnonnnnx mt nasnann no+romy axanucxnm nnn rccnnntm.
rcma nt moxr cnart saxnmunn, uro naroax yrnynnnomy nsyunnm aort
cnonnnnx nam, onxno trt, yacrcx otrt nnnt cnnnx o manonsncrntx nauanax
namro nnrnnxryantnoro asnnrnx. namct, uro rax ono n yr, no o cnx no x +ro
aor m nnxro n nncrynan. oncronucxo nmx, x xoroomy nac nosnamar aora
cnonnnnx, noxxoro oa: no-nntx, +ro nnnnnyantno oncronucxo nmx, rcrno,
c yro croont, nocxontxy xaxt nnnnnyym n cnom rcrn xaxnm-ro oasom nxarn
nonroxr nc asnnrn unonucxoro nna, ro +ro oncronucxo nmx raxx
]nnornrnucxo. osmoxno, nam yacrcx asnnunrt, xaxax uacrt cxtrtx ymnntx
nonccon noncxonr ns nnnnnyantno, a xaxax - ns ]nnornrnucxo +noxn. ax,
nannm, mn xaxrcx, uro cnmnonnucxo ornomnn, xoroomy nnxora n yunncx
orntnt unonx, nmr ocnonann cunrartcx ]nnornrnucxnm nacnnm.
naxo +ro n nncrnnnax axanucxax ura cnonnnnx. t nc, noxrno, snar ns
cocrnnnoro ontra o cranno amnsnn rcrna. nmm n nny ror ]axr, uro nnt rot
xnsnn o nxroro, mcroro nnn noctmoro roa n ocrannxmr n namxrn cnon, xax on
nosnn nxnnannx. ana, ncruamrcx orntnt nmn, xorot moryr noxnacrartcx
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nntnntmn nocnomnnannxmn or annro rcrna o nacroxmro nmnn, no yrn, c
nonanamn namxrn, - ncannnno on uacro xnnnn. nonaram, uro +ror ]axr n ntstnan
ynnnnnx, xorooro on sacnyxnnar. na roa nox moxr xoomo rononrt, cxoo on
onayxnnar, uro asnarcx n cnoxntx ymnntx cnryannxx, n cam ntcxastnar raxn
cyxnnx, xorot mnorn rot cnycrx my ncxastnamr, rax xax cam on nx satn. nn
+rom namxrt n annn rot on noyxrnnna, noromy uro saryxna mntm, um n on
nosnn rot. r raxx nnxaxoro ocnonannx cunrart ]ynxnnm namxrn oconno ntcoxo n
ryno xrntnocrtm ymn; nanornn, xoomym namxrt moxno ncrrnrt y nnn, croxmnx
na ount nnsxo crynnn nnrnnxryantnoro asnnrnx.
xaucrn nroo cranno oconnocrn, xoroax ononnxr nnym, cnyr ntnnrt
ro, uro ns nycrort nocnomnnann, oxnartnamm nnt rcxn rot, ncnntnamr
orntnt xoomo coxannnmncx, no ontm uacrn narnxnt nocnomnnannx, coxanxrt
xorot nr nnxaxnx ocnonann. marnanom nnuarnnn, ncruammnxcx nam n
nocnymm xnsnn, namxrt acnoxxarcx raxnm oasom, uro nar ns nro nto. na
coxanxr uro-ro naxno, a or nnaxnoro orxastnarcx. coxannnmnmncx rcxnmn
nocnomnnannxmn no ocronr nnau. nn coornrcrnymr n camtm naxntm nxnnannxm
rcxnx nr, n ax n rm, xorot onxnt t xasartcx naxntmn c rouxn snnx nxa.
acro onn nacrontxo anantnt n camn no c nsnaunrntnt, uro mt rontxo ynnnxmcx,
noumy nmnno +ra rant nsxana sannnx. cno nmx x ntrancx c nomomtm anannsa
nccnonart saraxy rcxo amnsnn n notnammnx ocrarxon nocnomnnann n nnmn x
ntnoy, uro nc-raxn n nocnomnnannxx y nxa ocrarcx rontxo naxno. nmt naroax
yx snaxomtm nam nonccam crymnnx n oconno cmmnnx +ro naxno n nocnomnnannn
ncrannxrcx yrnm, uro xaxrcx nnaxntm. 3rn rcxn nocnomnnannx x nasnan no+romy
noxtnammnmn nocnomnnannxmn (Deckerrinerungen), nyrm ocnonarntnoro anannsa ns nnx
moxno nsnnut nc satro.
n ncnxoanannrnucxom nunnn conmnno saxonomno nosnnxar saaua sanonnnrt
non n rcxnx nocnomnnannxx, n nocxontxy nunn noom n xaxo-ro crnnn yarcx, n
+ro cnyuarcx nctma uacro, mt n cocroxnnn onxrt noccranonnrt coxann rx satrtx
rcxnx nr. 3rn nnuarnnnx nnxora no-nacroxmmy n satnamrcx, onn tnn rontxo
nocrynntmn, cxtrtmn, nnnanxann x ccosnarntnomy. o camo no c cnyuarcx n
rax, uro onn ncnntnamr ns ccosnarntnoro, n noncxonr +ro n cnxsn co cnonnnnxmn.
xastnarcx, uro xnsnt no cn ymr naxonrt ocryn x +rnm cxtrtm nn]anrnntntm
nxnnannxm. nnrary nmmrcx nxacnt romy nnmt, n x cam nmn nosmoxnocrt
onynnxonart coomnn o noonom cnyua. naxt x nnn no cn n onnnno cnxsn
ono nnno, xoroo, no nc noxrnocrn, oxasano mn ycnyry n xoroo x xcno ynnn n
coo. 3ro tn onornast myxunna manntxoro ocra, roncrt, c rnyoxo cnxm mxy
nnuamn ronono. s omro xonrxcra x saxnmunn, uro on tn nau. K cuacrtm, x mor
accnocnrt cnom rora tnmym m n xnntx mart, xax ntrnxn nau ro mcrnocrn, r x
onncx n xoroym x noxnnyn n rn roa, n ysnan or n, uro on tn onornast, xoorxn,
roncrt, c rnyoxo cnxm mxy nnuamn ronono, nonyunn raxx cnnnx o rom, nn
xaxom satrom mno ncuacrnom cnyua on oxasan mn nomomt. axnm oasom, +ra
nosmoxnocrt acnoxxartcx satrtm marnanom rcxnx nr xnnxrcx yro axanucxo
uro cnonnnnx.
o x camo ornocnrcx n x yro ns rx saraox, c xorotmn mt yx o +roro
cronxnynnct. t nomnnr, c xaxnm ynnnnnm nt nc nnnxnn syntrart namro
nccnonannx, xorot noxasann, uro noynrnxmn cnonnnn xnnxmrcx snono-
+nrnunt n syxnt cxcyantnt xnannx, cnanmn noxonmtmn nnsyy n
ncxaxnn cnonnnn. Kora mt ronxonann raxo cnonnnn nnnmmy con, on n nyumm
cnyua n ocnannan camo ronxonann, no nc-raxn nocroxnno saanan nonoc, orxya y nro
rcx raxo xnann, rax xax on nocnnnnmar ro xax uyxo n ocosnar
nornnononoxno my. am nuro crcnxrtcx yxasann na nx noncxoxnn. 3rn snont
xnannx noncxoxr ns nomnoro, uacro ns ount nanxoro. Moxno noxasart, uro xora-ro
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onn tnn nsncrnt n ocosnannt, xorx rnt +roro yx nr. nmnna, cnonnnn xoroo
osnauar, uro ona xorna t nnrt mrno cnom nncrnnnym 17-nrnmm out, no namnm
yxonocrnom nnsnar, uro ona xora-ro nourn xnana +ro cmrn. nox xnnxrcx
nnoom ncuacrnoro, ncxo acrornyroro axa. Kora ona nocnna out m no un,
onaxt nocn yno cnnt c myxm n nnnax xocrn ona nauana xonornrt xynaxamn no
xnnory, urot ynrt n nm nxa. xontxo crt mar, xorot n nacroxm nmx
nxno, moxr trt, ucuy nxno nmxr cnonx r, xorot, onaxo, noxorno
ncrrnnn nx noxnnnn na cnr n xora-ro xnann, urot xnsnt n nnx nxarnnact; a onn
n nnonnn +ro xnann n asnnunt, x cuacrtm, snnt crnnx. axo nosn
xaxymcx saraountm xnann cmrn nmnmomy nnny noncxonr, raxnm oasom, ns
on annro ornomnnx x nmy.
rn, cnonnnn xorooro nornxar ronxonann, uro on xnar cmrn cnomy
nmnmomy crammy nxy, rox ntnyxn ncnomnnrt o rom, uro xora-ro +ro xnann
tno my n uyxo. Kora +ror nox tn m ryntm mnannm, nonontnt cnonm
axom myx uacro yman, uro cnn t manntxo cymcrno, nnuro nx nro n snauam,
ymno, on onxrt tn t cnoon n nyum ncnontsonan t +ry cnooy. Moxno
onayxnrt, uro ontmo uncno noontx uyncrn nnanncrn nmmr raxo x
noncxoxnn; onn xnnxmrcx nanomnnannxmn o rom, uro ornocnnoct x nomnomy, xora-ro
tno cosnarntntm n nrano cnom ont n ymnno xnsnn. rcma nt saxornr cnart
ntno, uro raxnx xnann n raxnx cnonnnn n onxno trt, xora noont nmnt
ornomnnx x xaxomy-ro nnny n nmnn mcra, xora +ro ornomnn tno onntm c camoro
nauana. roron cornacnrtcx c +rnm namnm ntnoom, xouy rontxo nynnrt nac o rom,
urot nt nmnn n nny n yxnantnt rxcr cnonnnnx, a ro cmtcn nocn ronxonannx.
Moxr cnyunrtcx, uro xnno cnonnnn o cmrn nmnmoro nnna rontxo nano cramnym
macxy, a osnauar ono conmnno yro, nnn nmnmo nnno ntcrynar omanunntm
samcrnrnm yroro nnna.
o r x ]axrt ntsonyr y nac yro, on ctsnt nonoc. t cxaxr: cnn +ro
xnann cmrn ax nmnoct xora-ro n nornxarcx nocnomnnannm, ro +ro nc-raxn
m n oxcnnn, +ro xnann nt anno noonno, cronx ono moxr cymcrnonart n
ccosnarntnom rontxo xax nnmnno a]]xron nocnomnnann, a n xax cnntno noxnnnn
uyncrna. nontsy nocnnro nt nnuro n rononr. 3aum x cnonnnn noom o nm
nanomnnar? 3ror nonoc crnnrntno onanan; nontrxa ornrnrt na nro sanna t nac
cnnmxom anxo n sacrannna t onnnrt cnon nosnnnn no ornomnnm x onomy ns camtx
snaunrntntx momnron ronn cnonnnn. o x ntnyxn ocranartcx n amxax namro
asoa n nosxnnartcx or nnmnro. mnnrct c +rnm nmnntm orxasom. ym
onontcrnonartcx ]axrnucxnm yxasannm na ro, uro +ro noonnno xnann, xax
oxasano, xnnxrcx noynrnm cnonnnnx, n noonxnm nccnonann ornocnrntno roro,
n ntnoxrcx nn n yrn snont xnannx ns nomnoro.
cranonnmcx na xnannxx ycrannnx, xorot mt n ontmnncrn cnyuan moxm
oxcnnrt norannunntm +ronsmom nnnmro con. Moxno oxasart, uro raxo xnann
ount uacro xnnxrcx nnunno oasonannx cnonnnnx. cxxn as, xora xro-nnyt
ncrar y nac na nyrn - a xax uacro +ro cnyuarcx n cnoxntx xnsnnntx ornomnnxx, -
cnonnnn ryr x rorono ro ynrt, yt ro orn, mart, xro-ro ns artn n ccr, narn
no axy n r. n. Mt yx ocrarouno ynnnxnnct +ro ncnounnocrn unonucxo naryt n,
xonuno, n cxnonnt soronoouno cunrart nannntntm +ror syntrar ronxonannx
cnonnnn. o cnn nam yxastnamr na ro, uro ncroxn raxnx xnann nao ncxart n
nomnom, ro ncxo mt orxtnam nno nnnnnyantnoro nomnoro, xora raxo +ronsm n
raxn xnannx ax nornn camtx nnsxnx concm nynnnrntnt. mnno raxon nox n
r nnt rot, xorot nosn oxyrtnamrcx amnsn, on uacro onayxnnar +rn sxn
noxnnnnx +ronsma, nocroxnno ar nouyncrnonart xnnym nacnonoxnnocrt x nmy nnn,
nn, ro ocrarxn. nox nx ncro nmnr camoro cx n rontxo nosn yunrcx
nmnrt yrnx, xrnonart uacrnn cnoro an yrnx. ax nnn, xorotx on, xaxrcx,
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nmnr c camoro nauana, on nmnr rontxo noromy, uro nyxarcx n nnx, n moxr s nnx
oornct, rax uro onxrt-raxn ns +roncrnucxnx mornnon. ontxo nosn uyncrno nmnn
narcx nsanncnmtm or +roro +ronsma. n ]axrnucxn na +ronsm nayunncx nmnn.
+ro cnxsn yr noyunrntno cannnrt ycranonxy nxa x ro artxm n ccram c
ycranonxo x ro onrnxm. nonx artn n ccr manntxn nox n ncra nmnr,
uacro x xnno n nmnr. comnnno, uro on nnannnr n nnx xonxynron, n nsncrno, xax
uacro +ra ycranonxa cymcrnyr nntnno n runn onrnx nr nnnort o nmnn
snocrn, ax m ontm. ana, ona ocrarouno uacro cmnxrcx nnn, nyum cxasart,
noxtnarcx on nxno, no naxnax, no-nnnmomy, nnonn saxonomno, noxnnxrcx
antm. ru ncro nanmart y nxa or 2, 5 o 4 n 5 nr, cnn noxnnxrcx nont
arnx nnn ccrnxa. ontmnncrn cnyuan +ro ncruar ount nyxnmnt nnm.
taxnnx no " ro n nmnm, nycrt ancr onxrt nostmr ro c coo" nctma otunt.
nocncrnnn ncnontsyrcx nmax nosmoxnocrt ynnsnrt nnmntna n ax nontrxn
ncxanunrt ro, nxmt noxymnnx na nro n xnnxmrcx ncntxanntmn noncmcrnnxmn.
cnn asnnna nr mn snaunrntna, ro nn noyxnnn on nnrncnnno
ymnno xrntnocrn nox naxonr xonxynra yx na mcr n nncnocannnarcx
x nmy. cnn asnnna ontm, ro nont nox c camoro nauana moxr ntsnart
onnnnt cnmnarnn xax nnrcnt oxr, xax xnnax xyxna, a nn asnnn n nocmt nr
n on, oconno y noux, yx moryr noxnnrtcx saornnnt, marnncxn uyncrna. o,
orxonnno ronox, cnn sa cnonnnnm orxtnamt xnann cmrn artxm n ccram, n
nyxno cunrart ro noxcnnmtm, ro norornn s rya naxonmt n annm rcxom
nosacr, onontno uacro - raxx n n on nosnn rot conmcrno xnsnn.
oxrno, nr nn ono rcxo s oxcrounntx xon]nnxron mxy onrarnxmn.
Mornnamn xnnxmrcx ota sa nmont onrn, sa onaann omnmn nmamn, sa mcro n
xomnar. axnt uyncrna nanannxmrcx xax nornn on cramnx, rax n nornn on
mnamnx artn n ccr. Kaxrcx, na oy ntcxasan mtcnt: "cnn crt xro-ro, xoro
monoax anrnncxax ama nnannnr ontm, um cnom mart, ro +ro cramax ccra". o n
+rom nsunnn crt nuro ynnnrntno nx nac. nanncrt artn n ccr n
connnucrno mt moxm n xanm cnyua nonxrt, no xax moxr nosnnxnyrt nnanncrt n
ornomnnxx mxy outm n martm, onrnxmn n rtmn?
3ro ornomnn n rtmn onnnnarcx ncomnnno xax on naronnxrno. no
coornrcrnyr raxx namnm oxnannxm; mt cunram snaunrntno on nocynrntntm,
cnn n xnarar nmnn mxy onrnxmn n rtmn, um mxy artxmn n ccramn.
nnom cnyua mt, rax cxasart, cunram cnxrtm ro, uro n yrom xnnxrcx otuntm. naxo
noncnnno nanmnn noxastnar, xax uacro uyncrna mxy onrnxmn n nsocntmn,
rtmn n coornrcrnymr nocrannnnomy omcrnom nany, cxontxo n nnx naxonnnoct
naxnocrn, rorono nonartcx, cnn t n cxnnano nmnoro nournrntnocrn n
nxntx uyncrn. Mornnt +roro omnsncrnt n onayxnnamr rnnnnm ornnrt nnn roro
x nona, out or marn, orna or ctna. out naxonr n marn cnny, xoroax orannunnar
nonm n na xoroym nosnoxna mnccnx noncrn n xnsnt rymt omcrnom orxas or
cxcyantno cnoot, n orntntx cnyuaxx m n xonxynrxy, xoroax nornnnrcx
ntrcnnnm. o x camo, no n m on sxo ]om nonroxrcx mxy ornom n ctnom.
nx ctna n orn nonnomarcx nmo nacnntcrnnno connantno nnnyxnn; orn
saxtnar my ocryn x noxnnnnm cocrnnno nonn, x nxnmnnomy cxcyantnomy
nacnaxnnm n x nontsonannm omcmntm ocroxnnm ram, r ono nmrcx. V
ncrononacnnnxa xnann cmrn orna ntacrar o asmon, rannuamnx c rarn.
Mn onacntm ncrannxrcx ornomnn mxy ornom n outm, martm n ctnom.
ocnn ar uncrmn oasnt nnaymnno nnxaxnmn +roncrnucxnmn
cooaxnnxmn nnsmnno nxnocrn.1
nx uro x ronom o +rnx anantntx n omnsncrntx nmax? oromy uro nmrcx
ounnno crmnnn ornnart nx snaunn n xnsnn n ntanart connantno oycnonnnnt
nan sa ocymcrnnnnt roas-
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1 +rnx cyxnnxx ntcrynar xonno mroonornucxn nsxn ncnxoanannsa ua
- nomna connantntx ]axroon nnunocrno-ncnxonornucxnmn (n cnom out, cnnntmn
x ncnxocxcyantntm). rnomnnx, xorot cxnatnamrcx n cmt mxy unnamn, moryr
oraxart nnunocrno-ncnxonornucxn cnmnarnn n anrnnarnn (xorot, n cnom out,
oycnonnnt ncron nnyrncmntx ornomnn, xaaxronornucxnmn cnocrnamn
unnon cmtn). naxo cama cmtx - noyxr connantno ncronn. onnantno x
nnnyxnn n xnnxrcx noyxrom nononosacrntx asnnun.
o uam, um on n crnnrntnocrn ocymcrnnxrcx. o nyum, cnn nany cxaxr
ncnxonor, um nnnnx. o ncxxom cnyua, +ro ornnann ornocnrcx rontxo x antno xnsnn.
o nnrary n amarnucxo no+snn nocrannxrcx cnoono nontsonartcx mornnamn,
ntrxammnmn ns naymnnx +roro nana.
rax, nam n cnyr ynnnxrtcx romy, uro y ontmoro uncna nm cnonnnn
onayxnnar xnann ycrannrt onrn, a nmnno roro ns nnx, xro onoro nona c
nnnmnm con. mm nnonoxnrt, uro +ro xnann nmrcx n cocroxnnn ocrnonannx n
ax nnora ocosnarcx, cnn ono moxr samacxnonartcx no yro mornn, nannm, no
cocraann x nnyxntm myunnxm orna, xax +ro tno y nnnmro con n nnm 3. xo
ona rontxo naxnocrt onnxr ornomnn, roaso uam sa n ntcrynamr on
nxnt noyxnnx, xorotmn ona noannxrcx n onxna ntxnart o rx no, noxa
cnonnnn xax t nsonnyr. o, uro cnonnnn c nomomtm raxo nsonxnnn nsoaxar
nynnnunntm, sarm onxrt ymntmarcx, xora nocn namro ronxonannx nxnmuarcx n
omym xnsnnnym cnxst (achs, 1912, 569). o mt naxonm +ro xnann cnonnnnx ax
ram, r ono n nmr cnxsn c xnsntm n r nsocnt nnxora n nnsnancx t n nm n
ocrnymmm cocroxnnn. nunna +roro n rom, uro camt rnyoxn n nocroxnnt mornn
oruyxnnx, oconno mxy nnnamn onoro nona, noxnnxrcx yx n annm rcxom
nosacr.
nmm n nny connnucrno n nmnn xnno nononoro xaaxra. tn yx manntxnm
nxom naunnar ncntrtnart ocoym nxnocrt x marn, xoroym on cunrar cno
cocrnnnocrtm, a orna nocnnnnmar xax xonxynra, xorot ocnannar y nro +ro
ncxnmunrntno onaann, n rouno rax x manntxax out nnnr n marn nnno, mmamm
nxnomy ornomnnm x orny n sannmamm mcro, xoroo ona cama c yonontcrnnm t
sanxna. s nanmnn cnyr ysnart, o xaxoro annro nosacra oxonr +ra ycranonxa,
xoroym mt nastnam 3nnontm xomnnxcom, 1 noromy uro n nrn o 3nn annsymrcx
c conmnno nsnaunrntntm ocnannnm oa xannx xnannx, ntrxammn ns
nonoxnnx ctna, - ynrt orna n nsxrt n xnt mart. n xouy yrnxart, uro 3nnon
xomnnxc ncuntnar ornomnn r x onrnxm, ono moxr trt namnoro cnoxn.
3nnon xomnnxc moxr trt raxx on nnn mn cnntno ntaxn, moxr cam nrnrt
nornnononoxno ntaxnn, no on nocroxnnt n ount snaunrntnt ]axro ymnno
xnsnn nxa, n nosnnxar onacnocrt cxo noonnnrt ro nnnxnn n oycnonnnno nm
asnnrn, um nonnnrt ro. o ncxxom cnyua, rn uacro arnymr +nnono
ycranonxo na uyncrno onrn, xorot onontno uacro yxonocrnymrcx nonontm
asnnunm n cnom nmonnom nto, rax uro orn nnounrar out, mart - ctna, a n
cnyua oxnaxnnx n ax samnxmr nmn ocnnnnt oxr nmnn.
ntsx cxasart, urot mn tn ount naroan ncnxoanannrnucxomy nccnonannm sa
orxtrn 3nnona xomnnxca. aooor, ono ntsnano camt xocrnt norcr nsocntx, n
nnna, xorot ynycrnnn nosmoxnocrt nnnxrt yuacrn n ornnannn +roro no-
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1 3nnon xomnnxc - ono ns rnanntx oxcnnrntntx nonxrn ]nsma. oono on
ocyxarcx n ono ns nocnymmnx nxnn.
K ncrannnnm o 3nnonom xomnnxc u, no ro yrnxnnm, nnmn, ncxox
ns anannsa nsanmoornomnn c cocrnnntm ornom. u nnsmnno nnxnnancx ncnn
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o 3nnonom xomnnxc, ornrnyro nxnnmn nnnxnnamn orooxcantnoro
ncnxoanannsa, n rom uncn nom n nrom, na xorotx n coxnrcx namx n +ro nxnnn,
cynrntnoro nnn sanrnoro uyncrnnnoro ornomnnx, ncnannnn nnocncrnnn cnom
omnxy noccrnom nronxonann, nnmnn xomnnxc ro snaunnx. o momy rnomy
yxnnm, sct nuro ornnart n nuro nnyxamnnart. nyr nnmnnrtcx c ]axrom,
xorot ax rucxnm cxasannm nnsnarcx xax nymonnmt ox. nrcno, uro
ncxnmunnt ns xnsnn 3nnon xomnnxc nocrannxrcx no+snn, xax t narcx n
nonno acnoxxnn. . anx n rmarntno nonnnom nccnonannn (1912n) noxasan, uro
nmnno 3nnon xomnnxc an amarnucxo no+snn orart mornnt n cxonuntx
nsmnnntx, cmxrunntx n samacxnonanntx ]omax, r. . n raxnx ncxaxnnxx, n xaxnx mt
ysnam syntrar crnnx nnsyt. 3ror 3nnon xomnnxc mt moxm, raxnm oasom,
nnnncart raxx rm nnnam, xorotm nocuacrnnnnnoct nsxart n antnm xnsnn
xon]nnxron c onrnxmn, n n rcno cnxsn c nnm mt naxonm ro, uro nastnam xomnnxcom
xacrannn, axnnm na nnnnctnamo orny cxcyantno sanyrnnann nnn noannnn
ann rcxo cxcyantno xrntnocrn.
ctnaxct na yx nonnnt nccnonannx rcxo ymnno xnsnn, mt cmm raxx
naxrtcx, uro noontm x oasom yr nano oxcnnn noncxoxnnx yro
uacrn sanrntx xnann cnonnnn, usmntx cxcyantntx uyncrn. axnm oasom, y
nac nosnnxar crmnnn nsyuart asnnrn rcxo cxcyantno xnsnn, n mt ysnam nn
+rom ns mnorouncnnntx ncrounnxon cnymm: nonycrnmo omnxo xnnxrcx, nx
ncro, ornnann y nxa cxcyantno xnsnn n nnonoxnn, uro cxcyantnocrt
naunnarcx rontxo xo nmnn nononoro cosnannx nmcr c cosnannm rnnrann.
anornn, y nxa c camoro nauana nmrcx orarax cxcyantnax xnsnt, xoroax no mnorom
ornnuarcx or ro, xoroym nosn nnnxro cunrart nomantno. o, uro n xnsnn nsocntx
mt nastnam "nsnamnnm", ornnuarcx or nomt cnymmnmn cnocrnamn: no-nntx,
ntxoom sa nnt nna (nonacrt mxy xnnorntm n unonxom), no-nrotx, ntxoom sa
rannnt ornamnnx, n-rrtnx, ntxoom sa nnt nnncra (sanr cxcyantnoro
yonnrnonnx c nnsxnmn no xonn ocrnnnnxamn), n-urnrtx, romocxcyantntmn
ornomnnxmn n, n-nxrtx, nncnnm ]ynxnn rnnrann na yrn orant n yuacrxn
rna. c +rn orannunnx n cymcrnymr c camoro nauana, a cosamrcx nnmt nocrnnno n
xo asnnrnx n nocnnrannx. Manntxn nox cnoon or nnx. n m n snar cramno
nonacrn mxy unonxom n xnnorntm; ntcoxomn, ornnuamm unonxa or xnnornoro,
nosnnxar y nro nnmt nosn. nauana y nro nr ornamnnx x +xcxmnram, on ysnar o
nm nocrnnno no annnnm nocnnrannx; on n nnar ocooro snaunnx asnnunm
nonon, cxo, nnonarar y oonx onnaxonym ]omy rnnrann; on nanannxr cnon
nnt cxcyantnt nnunnx n cno nmontrcrno na camtx nnsxnx n no asntm nnunnam
camtx nmnmtx nnn - onrn, artn n ccr, yxaxnnammnx sa nnm nm n, naxonn,
y nro onayxnnarcx ro, uro nnont notnarcx nosx nn nanontm cnn nmonnoro
ornomnnx, a nmnno ro, uro on nonyuar yonontcrnn n rontxo or nonontx oranon, no uro
mnorn yrn yuacrxn rna onaamr ro x uyncrnnrntnocrtm, ocrannxmr ananornunt
omymnnx nacnaxnnx n moryr, raxnm oasom, nrart ont rnnrann. axnm oasom,
nox moxr trt nasnan "nonnmo]no nsnamnntm", n cnn y nro noxnnxmrcx nnmt
cnt ncx +rnx uyncrn, ro +ro noncxonr, c ono croont, ns-sa nsnaunrntno nx
nnrncnnnocrn no cannnnm c on nosnnmn roamn xnsnn, c
yro croont, ns-sa roro, uro nocnnrann casy x +nrnuno noannxr nc
cxcyantnt noxnnnnx nxa. 3ro noannnn nxonr, rax cxasart, n ronm, xora
nsocnt craamrcx n samuart xaxym-ro uacrt rcxnx cxcyantntx noxnnnn n nnmnrt
cxcyantno nnot nyrm nronxonannx yrym uacrt, noxa onn sarm n naunnamr
ornnart nc. acro +ro r x nmn, xorot rontxo n rcxo nroymr ns-sa ncx
cxcyantntx yntx nnntux r, a sarm sa nnctmnntm cronom samnmamr
cxcyantnym uncrory rx x r. am, r rn nocrannnt camnm c nnn tnn
conasnnt, onn uacro onayxnnamr onontno snaunrntnt nsnamnnx. asymrcx,
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nsocnt nant, ornocxct x +romy nctsno, xax x "xucrny" n "saanam", noromy uro
nxa nntsx cynrt nn cyom nancrnnnocrn, nn no saxony, no nt +rn nmn
cymcrnymr, onn nmmr snaunn xax nnsnaxn noxnno xoncrnrynnn, a raxx xax
naronnxrcrnymmn nnunnt antnmro asnnrnx, onn mnoro nam orxtnamr n rcxo
cxcyantno xnsnn, a nmcr c rm n n cxcyantno xnsnn unonxa noom. rax, xora sa
cnonmn ncxaxnntmn cnonnnnxmn mt onxrt naxonm nc +rn nsnamnnt xnannx, ro +ro
rontxo osnauar, uro cnonnnn n n +ro onacrn cnano mar nasa x nn]anrnntnomy
cocroxnnm.
n +rnx sanrntx xnann ocooro ynomnnannx sacnyxnnamr m nnncryosnt, r.
. nanannnnt na nonono axr c onrnxmn, artxmn n ccramn. t snar, xaxo
ornamnn uyncrnyr nnn, no xan m, noxnnxr unonucxo omcrno nornn
nonontx ornomnn raxoro oa n xaxo nnnmann oamarcx na sanrt, nanannnnt
nornn +roro. nnarannct camt nnoxrnt ycnnnx, urot oxcnnrt +ror crax n
nnncrom. nn nnonarann, uro +ro cooaxnnx ynyumnnx nna n nno, ncnxnucxn
ncrannnnt n +rom sanr, noromy uro nnncr yxymnn t xaaxrnt nnsnaxn ac,
yrn yrnxann, uro naroax conmcrno xnsnn c annro rcrna cxcyantno
noxnnn x yxasanntm nnnam ocnanar. oonx cnyuaxx, nnoum, nsrann nnncra
tno t ocnuno anromarnucxn, n nnonxrno, saum nyxnt crorn sanrt, xorot
cnnrntcrnymr cxo o nannunn cnntnoro noxnnnx. cnxoanannrnucxn nccnonannx
nnycmtcnnno noxasann, uro nnncryosnt nto oxra nmnn xnnxrcx, nanornn,
nntm n otuntm, n rontxo nnocncrnnn nornn nro nosnnxar conornnnnn,
noncxoxnn xorooro ns nnnnnyantno ncnxonornn cnyr, nnnmo, ornnart.
onocrannm rnt, uro x nam ano yrnynnn n nsyunn rcxo ncnxonornn nx
nonnmannx cnonnnnx. Mt onayxnnn n rontxo ro, uro nx cnonnnnx ocrynn
marnan satrtx rcxnx nxnnann, no ynnnn raxx, uro ymnnax xnsnt r co
ncmn cnonmn oconnocrxmn, +ronsmom, nnncryosntm ntoom oxra nmnn n r. . m
noonxar cymcrnonart nx cnonnnnx, r. . n ccosnarntnom, n uro cnonnnn xaxym
nout nosnamar nac na +ry nn]anrnntnym crynnt. axnm oasom, nornxarcx, uro
ccosnarntno ymnno xnsnn crt nn]anrnntno. ranno nnnxrno nnuarnnn, uro
n unonx rax mnoro snoro, naunnar ocnanart. 3ro cramno sno - nocro nnonauantno,
nnmnrnnno nn]anrnntno n ymnno xnsnn, orxtro noxnnnn xorooro mt moxm
narn y nxa, no uro mt oruacrn n samuam ns-sa ro nsnaunrntnocrn, noromy uro n
rym or nxa +rnucxoro conmncrna. nonnnn, cnycrnnmnct na +ry crynnt,
cosar nnuarnnn, yro ono acxtnar n nac +ro sno. o +ro ncro nnmt sanyxnn,
xoroo nac rax nyrano. Mt n rax yx snt, xax moxno tno nnonoxnrt nocn ronxonannx
cnonnnn.
cnn +rn snt noxnnnnx n cnonnnnxx ncro nnmt nn]anrnnnsmt, nosnamammn nac
x ncroxam namro +rnucxoro asnnrnx, nammn nac no cn onxrt nocro rtmn no mtcnxm
n uyncrnam, ro naroasymno tno t n crtnrtcx +rnx sntx cnonnnn. o naroasymn
xnnxrcx rontxo uacrtm ymnno xnsnn, xom roro, n ym noncxonr m mnoro raxoro,
uro nasymno, n no+romy cnyuarcx rax, uro mt nnaroasymno crtnmcx raxnx
cnonnnn. Mt nonram nx nnsy, crtnmcx n cnmcx, cnn n ncxnmunrntntx
cnyuaxx onomy ns +rnx xnann yarcx nonnxnyrt n cosnann n nacrontxo nncxaxnno
]om, uro nam nnxonrcx ro ysnart; nana, ncxaxnntx cnonnnn mt rouno rax x
crtnmcx, xax yro mt nx nonnmam. cnomnnr xorx t nroonann ro cnanno crao
amt no nonoy nncronxonannoro cnonnnnx o "nmonntx ycnyrax". ax uro nonma
m n mna, n nosmoxno, uro nn antnmm nsyunnn snoro n cnonnnnn mt nnm x
yromy cyxnnm n x yro onnx unonucxo nnot.
syntrar nccnonannx mt nnxonm x nym nonoxnnxm, xorot, onaxo, nyr sa
coo nnmt nont saraxn, nont comnnnx. o-nntx, rccnx aort cnonnnnx n
rontxo ]omantna, no n marnantna. na n rontxo nnonr n nnmnrnnnym ]omy
ntaxnnx namn mtcnn, no n nnont oxnnnxr nc xaaxrnt urt nam nnmnrnnno
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ymnno xnsnn, nxn ncmorymcrno , nnonauantnt noxnnnnx cxcyantno
xnsnn, ax nn ocroxnn namro nnrnnxra, cnn cnmnonnucxo ornomnn moxno
nnsnart sa raxono. no-nrotx, nc +ro ann nn]anrnntno, uro xora-ro camoxanno
rocnocrnonano, mt onxnt rnt nnuncnnrt x ccosnarntnomy, ncrannnnx o
xoroom rnt mnxmrcx n acmnxmrcx. ccosnarntno - +ro n rontxo nasnann
nmnno cxtroro, ccosnarntno - +ro ocoax ymnnax onacrt co cnonmn cocrnnntmn
xnannxmn, cocrnnntm cnocoom ntaxnnx n cnocrnnntmn my ymnntmn
mxannsmamn, xorot nnau n crnymr. o cxtrt mtcnn, o xorotx mt ysnann
naroax ronxonannm cnonnnn, nc-raxn n ns +ro onacrn; onn, cxo, raxn, xaxnmn
mornn t trt n n cocroxnnn ocrnonannx. nc x onn ccosnarntnt; xax asmarcx
+ro nornnoun? Mt naunnam noosnart, uro sct cnyr nonsncrn noasnnn.
uro, uro noncxonr ns nam cosnarntno xnsnn n nmr nnsnaxn - mt nastnam +ro
ocrarxamn nnntx nnuarnnn, - connxrcx nx oasonannx cnonnnnx c um-ro yrnm
ns onacrn ccosnarntnoro. Mxy +rnmn nymx uacrxmn n asnrtnarcx aora
cnonnnnx. nnxnn ocrarxon nnntx nnuarnnn naroax nnconnxmmmycx
ccosnarntnomy xnnxrcx, no-nnnmomy, ycnonnm rccnn. +rom saxnmuarcx camo
rnyoxo nonnmann cymnocrn cnonnnnx, xorooro mt moxm ocrnut, nx um nsyunm
yrn onacrn ymnno xnsnn. o cxoo nacranr nmx art ccosnarntnomy xaaxry
cxtrtx mtcn cnonnnnx yro nasnann c nntm ornnunrt nx or ccosnarntnoro ns
onacrn nn]anrnntnoro.
Mt, crcrnnno, moxm raxx nocrannrt nonoc: uro ntnyxar ncnxnucxym
xrntnocrt no nmx cna na raxym rccnm? oumy ona n cnannxrcx c naymammnmn
con ncnxnucxnmn asaxnnxmn s nocnn? cnn ns-sa nnsyt cnonnnnx ona
ntnyxna nontsonartcx nx macxnonxn axanuno, rnt nnonxrno ]omo ntaxnnx,
ro nx uro
cnyxnr nosoxnn annnx, rnt noonnntx ymnntx nnxnn, xnann n
xaaxrntx ur, r. . marnantnax rccnx, xoroax nnconnxrcx x ]omantno?
nncrnnnt yonnrnoxmmn nac ornr saxnmuancx t n rom, uro rontxo raxnm oasom
moxr oasonartcx cnonnnn, uro nnau nnosmoxno nnamnucxn cnxrt asaxnn no
cn. o noxa mt n nnan anart raxo ornr.
H KH

Vnaxamt amt n rocnoa! cronr nn mn m as noxasart nam nonnt namn
nyrt? Kax mt, nnmnxx namy rxnnxy, naronxnynnct na ncxaxnn cnonnnnx,
asymtnann cnauana, xax t ro oorn, n nonyunnn naxnmn cnnnx o cymnocrn
cnonnnnx ns nn]anrnntntx cnonnnn? Kax mt sarm, nooyxnnt syntraramn +roro
nccnonannx, sanxnnct nnoccrnnno ncxaxnnm cnonnnnx n, namct, mar sa marom
noonnn ro? o rnt mt onxnt nnsnart, uro nanno rm n yrnm nyrm n
concm connaar. namn ncrar saaua conocrannrt oa syntrara n coorncrn nx
mxy coo.
onx croon mt nnmnn x ntnoy, uro aora cnonnnnx, n cymnocrn, cocronr n
nno mtcn n xaxo-ro rannmnnnarono nxnnann. Kax +ro noncxonr,
ncrannxrcx nctma saraountm, no +ro xnnxrcx nonmo om ncnxonornn, xoroax
n onxna nac sct sannmart. s rcxnx cnonnnn mt ysnann, uro aora cnonnnnx
crmnrcx x ycrannnm naymammro con ymnnoro asaxnnx nn nomomn ncnonnnnx
xnannx. ncxaxnntx cnonnnnxx mt n mornn cxasart nnuro noonoro, noxa n
nayunnnct nx ronxonart. o c camoro nauana mt
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nnonoxnnn, uro cmoxm accmarnnart ncxaxnnt cnonnnnx c rx x nosnnn,
uro n nn]anrnntnt. ntm x nornxnnm +roro nnonoxnnx crano cnanno
namn orxtrn, uro, cocrnnno ronox, nc cnonnnnx xnnxmrcx rcxnmn cnonnnnxmn,
aoramr c rcxnm marnanom, c rcxnmn ymnntmn nnxnnxmn n nn nomomn rcxnx
mxannsmon. unrax ncxaxnn cnonnnnx cnxrtm, mt onxnt nncrynnrt x nccnonannm
roro, moxr nn trt acnocranno nonoxnn o ncnonnnnn xnannx na ncxaxnnt
cnonnnnx.
anno mt nonrnn ronxonannm x cnonnnn, no concm ynycrnnn ns nny
ncnonnnn xnannx. Vxn, uro nn +rom y nac nonoxarno nanamnnancx nonoc: xya
x noct ncnonnnn xnannx, xoroo, nnnmo, xnnxrcx nntm cnonnnnx? 3ro naxnt
nonoc, nmnno ro n crann saanart namn omoomnnt xnrnxn. Kax nt snar,
unonucrno onaar nncrnnxrnnno ooonnrntno axnn na nnrnnxryantnt
nonmcrna.1 na ntaxarcx n rom, uro raxo nonmcrno casy x nnsnonrcx o camo
nsnaunrntno nnnunnt, no nosmoxnocrn cnonrcx x nosynry. 3rnm nosynrom nx nono
ronn cnonnnnx crano ncnonnnn xnannx. nnranr saar nonoc: r x ncnonnnn
xnannx? asy x nocn roro xax on ycntman, uro cnonnnn onxno trt ncnonnnnm
xnannx, on, saanax +ror nonoc, ornuar na
----------------------------------------
1 Vrnxnn, yro unonucrny nncym nncrnnxr conornnnnnx nnrnnxryantntm
nonmcrnam, oraxar omym onnrannm ua na oxcnnn nonornucxnmn
nnunnamn xnnnn, nmmmnx connantnym nnoy. ncrnnxr - nonornucxax cnna,
noxnnax axnnx. Mxy rm ornomnn x nontm nxm, nx nnnxrn nnn conornnnnn
nm onnxmrcx n noxnntmn ]axroamn, a connoxyntryntm xonrxcrom n ontm,
xoroym nramr n nm orntnt nnunocrn n nx rynnt.
nro ornnarntno. my casy x nnxoxr n ronony mnorouncnnnt cocrnnnt
cnonnnnx, c xorotmn tno cnxsano nnnxrno uyncrno nnnort o rnrymro craxa, rax
uro anno yrnxnn ncnxoanannrnucxo ronn cnonnnnx xaxrcx my conmnno
nnoxrntm. am nryno ornrnrt my, uro nn ncxaxnntx cnonnnnxx ncnonnnn
xnannx n moxr trt ounnntm, a ro noxonmo noncxart, rax uro s ronxonannx
cnonnnnx yxasart na nro nntsx. Mt raxx snam, uro xnannx +rnx ncxaxnntx
cnonnnn - sanmnnt, ornrnyrt nnsyo xnannx, cymcrnonann xorotx xax as
n crano nnunno ncxaxnnx, mornnom nx nmmarntcrna nnsyt. o xnrnxy-nnranry
ryno oxasart, uro o ronxonannx cnonnnnx nntsx cnamnnart o ncnonnnnn ro
xnannx. naxo on o +rom nocroxnno satnar. ro ornnarntnax nosnnnx no ornomnnm
x ronn ncnonnnnx xnannx xnnxrcx, cocrnnno, n um nntm, xax cncrnnm nnsyt
cnonnnnx, sammnnm n syntrarom ornnannx +rnx nommnx nnsyy xnann
cnonnnnx.
asymrcx, n y nac nosnnxar nornocrt narn oxcnnn romy, uro crt mnoro
myunrntntx n, n uacrnocrn, cramntx cnonnnn. n +rom mt nnnt cranxnnamcx c
nonmo a]]xron n cnonnnnn, xoroax sacnyxnnar nsyunnx cama no c, no, x
coxannnm, mt n moxm m sanxrtcx. cnn cnonnnn xnnxrcx ncnonnnnm xnannx, ro
no cn nnosmoxnt myunrntnt omymnnx, n +rom xnrnxn-nnranrt, no-nnnmomy,
nant. o nyxno nnnxrt no nnnmann rn nna ocnoxnnn, o xorotx onn n noymann.
o-nntx, moxr trt, uro aor cnonnnnx n nnonn yanoct ocymcrnnrt
ncnonnnn xnannx, rax uro uacrt myunrntnoro a]]xra mtcn cnonnnnx ocrarcx n
xnnom cnonnnnn. ora ananns onxn
tn t noxasart, uro +rn mtcnn tnn m on myunrntntmn, um nonyunnmcx ns
nnx cnonnnn. Kaxt as +ro n yarcx oxasart. ora mt cornamamcx, uro aora
cnonnnnx n ocrnrna cno nnn, rax x xax cnonnnn, n xoroom ntmt no nnnxnnm
xaxt, mano ocrnrar nnn yronnrt xaxy. noonxamt ncntrtnart, n nyxno
nocnyrtcx, urot nonnrt. nc-raxn +ro tno nacroxm cnonnnn, n ro cymnocrn
nnuro n nsmnnnoct. Mt onxnt cxasart: t desint vires, tatmen est laudanda voluntas.* o
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xan m, sacnyxnnar noxnant xcno ntaxnno namnn. axn cnyuan nyaun
nxn. 3romy cocrnyr ro, uro aor cnonnnnx namnoro ryn nsmnnrt n nyxnom
cmtcn a]]xrt, um coxann; a]]xrt nnora ount ycrounnt. or n nonyuarcx, uro
aora cnonnnnx nnarnna myunrntno coxann mtcn cnonnnnx n ncnonnnn
xaxoro-ro xnannx, n ro nmx xax myunrntnt a]]xr notnarcx n m nnsmnnnom
nn. raxnx cnonnnnxx a]]xr conmnno n coornrcrnyr coxannm, n namn
xnrnxn moryr cxasart, uro cnonnnn nacrontxo anxo or ncnonnnnx xnannx, uro n nm
ax sonno coxann moxr omymartcx xax myunrntno. a +ro nasymno
samuann mt ornrnm, uro nmnno n raxnx cnonnnnxx crmnnn aort cnonnnnx
ncnonnnrt xnann ncncrnn ro |crmnnnx| nsonnonannocrn noxnnxrcx xcn ncro.
mnxa noncxonr or roro, uro ror, xro n snar nnoson, ncrannxr c cnxst mxy
coxannm n a]]xrom cnnmxom rcno n no+romy n moxr nonxrt, uro coxann
moxr mnxrtcx, n nsmnxx ornocxmcx x nmy a]]xrnnno noxnnnn.
----------------------------------------
* ycrt nocrano cnn, noxnant ocrono ycn (ynn nnn ason). - nm. .
nnoa.
roo, roaso on naxnt n rnyoxn momnr, xorot raxx noonnnnarcx
nnranrom, cnymmn. cnonnnn xnannx, xonuno, onxno tno t ocrannrt
nacnaxnn, no, cnamnnarcx, xomy? asymrcx, romy, xro nmr xnann. o o nnnmm
con nam nsncrno, uro on ornocnrcx x cnonm xnannxm conmnno ocoo. n ornrar nx,
nonrar nnsy, onnm cnonom, n rnnr nx. axnm oasom, nx ncnonnnn moxr
ocrannrt my n nacnaxnn, a rontxo nornnononoxno uyncrno. an ontr noxastnar,
uro +ro nornnononoxno uyncrno, xoroo cnyr m oxcnnrt, ntcrynar n ]om
craxa. nnmro con n ornomnnn x ro xnannxm no cn moxno cannnrt rontxo c
cymcrnom, cocroxmnm ns nyx nnn, ount rcno cnxsanntx, onaxo, mxy coo. samn
antnmnx accyxnn nnaram nam nocnymart nsncrnym cxasxy, n xoroo nt nar
r x ornomnnx. oax ]x omar no cynyxcxo na, myxy n xn, ncnonnnn
nx nntx rx xnann. nn cuacrnnnt n conamrcx rmarntno ntart +rn rn xnannx.
o xna conasnxrcx sanaxom xantx cocncox ns cocn xnxnnt n xnar nonyunrt
nay raxnx cocncox. s mrnonnn onn yx sct - n nno xnann ncnonnno. ora
myx cnrcx n n rotxo on xnar, urot cocncxn nonncnn y xnt na nocy. 3ro rox
ncnonnxrcx, n cocncxn nntsx yannrt c nx nonoro mcra ntnannx - nor ncnonnnnoct n
nroo xnann, no yx xnann myxa; xn ncnonnnn +roro xnannx ount nnnxrno.
t snar, uro noncxonr antm n cxasx. ax xax oa, n cymnocrn, cocrannxmr nc-raxn
ono, myxa n xny, ro rrt xnann saxnmuarcx n rom, urot cocncxn ocrannnn noc xnt.
Mt moxm ncnontsonart +ry cxasxy m mnoro as n yro cnxsn; sct ona cnyxnr rontxo
nnnmcrann roro, uro ncnonnnn xnannx onoro moxr ntsnart nnnxrno uyncrno y
yroro, cnn oa n cornacnt mxy coo.
nt nam yr nryno m nyum nonxrt cramnt cnonnnnx. Mt rontxo
nnnnum m ono nanmnn n rora mnmcx ntcxasart nnonoxnn, n samnry
xorooro moxno nnncrn mnoro onoon. anmnn cocronr n rom, uro cramnt
cnonnnnx uacro nmmr coxann, conmnno cnoono or ncxaxnnx, rax cxasart,
nsxanm nnsyt. ramno cnonnnn uacro xnnxrcx nnnxtrtm ncnonnnnm
xnannx, crcrnnno, n nnxrnoro, a ornramoro xnannx. mcro nnsyt noxnnxrcx
crax. cnn o rcxom cnonnnnn moxno cxasart, uro ono xnnxrcx ncnonnnnm
osnonnnoro xnannx, o otxnonnnom ncxaxnnom cnonnnnn - uro ono
samacxnonanno ncnonnnn ntrcnnnoro xnannx, ro nx cramnoro cnonnnnx
noxonr rontxo ]omyna, uro ono ncrannxr coo nnnxtro ncnonnnn
ntrcnnnoro xnannx. rax xnnxrcx nnsnaxom roro, uro ntrcnnno xnann oxasanoct
cnntn nnsyt, uro, ncmorx na n, ono nc-raxn nonnoct x ncnonnnnm nnn tno
rorono nonrtcx. Mt nonnmam, uro ro, uro nx nro xnnxrcx ncnonnnnm xnannx, nx
nac, nocxontxy mt naxonmcx na croon nnsyt cnonnnnx, moxr trt rontxo nonoom
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nx myunrntntx omymnn n ornoa. oxnnxmmncx nn +rom n cnonnnnn crax, cnn
xornr, crt crax n cnno +rnx otuno cxnnamtx xnann. oumy +ror orno
noxnnxrcx n ]om craxa, nntsx nonxrt, nsyuax rontxo cnonnnnx; ounnno, nyxno
nsyuart crax no yrnm ncrounnxam.
c, uro cnannnno nx nncxaxnntx cramntx cnonnnn, mt moxm
nnonoxnrt raxx nx raxnx cnonnnn, xorot nrnnn uacrnuno ncxaxnn, n nx
nounx nnnxrntx cnonnnn, myunrntnt omymnnx xorotx, noxrno, nnsxn x
craxy. ramno cnonnnn otuno nr x noyxnnm; mt nmm otxnonnn
ntnart con, nx um ntrcnnno xnann cnonnnnx notrcx us nnsyy x
cnomy nonnomy ncnonnnnm. +rom cnyua syntrar cnonnnnx oxastnarcx nrarnnntm,
no ro cymnocrt or +roro n mnxrcx. Mt cannnnann cnonnnn c nountm crooxm,
oxanxmmnm nam con, urot my n nommann. nouno croox nonaar n raxo
nonoxnn, xora on ynr cnxmnx, a nmnno rora, xora uyncrnyr cx cnnmxom cnatm,
urot ycrannrt nomxy nnn onacnocrt. nc-raxn nam nnora yarcx noonxart cnart,
ax cnn cnonnnn cranonnrcx rnoxntm n naunnar saoxartcx crax. Mt rononm
c no cn: nt +ro rontxo con - n noonxam cnart.
Kora x cnyuarcx rax, uro xnann cnonnnnx oxastnarcx n cocroxnnn noonrt
nnsyy? Vcnonn nx +roro moxr nosnnxnyrt xax co croont xnannx cnonnnnx, rax n co
croont nnsyt. o nnonxrntm nnunnam xnann moxr crart nno as ucuy
cnntntm: no y nac cxnatnarcx nnuarnnn, uro uam nnna sa +ro cmmnn coornomnnx
crnymmnx cnn nxnr na nnsy cnonnnnx. Mt yx snam, uro nnsya aorar n
xaxom orntnom cnyua c asno nnrncnnnocrtm, x xaxomy +nmnry ornocnrcx c asno
crnntm crorocrn; sct nam xornoct t ntcxasart m ono nnonoxnn, uro ona
noom nctma nanantna n n ncra onnaxono crora x onomy n romy x nnnnnunomy
+nmnry. cnn cnyunrcx rax, uro ona na xaxo-ro momnr nouyncrnyr cx ccnntno n
xaxnm-nno xnannm cnonnnnx, yroxammnm saxnarnrt nacnnox, ro nmcro ncxaxnnx
ona nnrar x nocnnmy ocranmmycx ccrny - orxasartcx or cocroxnnx cna no
nnnxnnm naacrammro craxa.
n +rom nam ocarcx n rnasa, uro mt nt noom n snam, noumy +rn cxnnt,
ornrnyrt xnannx amr o c snart nmnno n nouno nmx, urot
naymnrt nam con. rnr moxr art rontxo nnonoxnn, yunrtnamm nnoy
cocroxnnx cna. nm na +rn xnannx rxxno annr nnsya, n ammax nm, xax nannno,
nosmoxnocrn noxnnrtcx n xaxom-ro crnnn. nouno nmx +ra nnsya, noxrno, xax nc
yrn nnrct ymnno xnsnn, cnonrcx x nncrnnnomy xnannm cnart nnn x, no
xan m, cnntno ocnanxrcx. 3romy ocnannnm nnsyt n nouno nmx sanrnt
xnannx n oxsant rm, uro moryr cnona oxnnart. crt nnnt ontnt, craammn
cconnnn, xorot nnsnanannct nam, uro cnauana onn camn xornn cno cconnnnt.
nn n mannct ycnyrt, noromy uro oxnnct cnonx cnonnnn, r. . nocncrnn +roro
ocnannnx nnsyt. t, nana, nrxo samrnr, uro +ry nnocranonxy xrntnocrn
nnsyt nc x n cnyr onnnnart xax ontmym nocrooxnocrt. ocroxnn cna nnmar
nac cnoconocrn nnrartcx; namn ynt namnnx, cnn onn n naunnamr mnnnrtcx, n
moryr nnncrn nn x umy nnomy, xax x naxrnucxn snnomy cnonnnnm, n na +ro
ycnoxonrntno cocroxnn yxastnar n ntcm crnnn naroasymno samuann cnxmro,
ornocxmcx, nana, x noun, no n x xnsnn no cn: nt +ro rontxo con, no+romy
nocrannm my cnooy crnnx n ym noonxart cnart.
cnn, n-rrtnx, nt ncnomnnr o rom, uro mt ncrannnn nnnmro con ommnmcx co
cnonmn xnannxmn, cocroxmnm ns nyx orntntx, no xaxnm-ro oasom ount rcno
cnxsanntx nnn, ro nnsnar n yrym nosmoxnocrt: xax naroax ncnonnnnm xnannx
moxr ocymcrnnrtcx ro, uro n ntcm crnnn nnnxrno, - a nmnno naxasann. 3ct nam
onxrt moxr nomout cxasxa o rx xnannxx: xant cocncxn na ranx tnn nxmtm
ncnonnnnm xnannx nnoro nnna, xnt; cocncxn na nocy tnn ncnonnnnm xnannx
nrooro nnna, myxa, no ononmnno n naxasannm sa rnyno xnann xnt. n nnosax
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mt naxonm sarm mornnannm rrtro xnannx, xoroo m ocranoct n cxasx. ymnno
xnsnn unonxa mnoro raxnx naxasymtx rnnnn; onn ount cnntnt, n nx moxno cunrart
ornrcrnnntmn sa nxoroym uacrt myunrntntx cnonnnn. nt nt, moxr trt,
cxaxr, uro nn +rnx ycnonnxx or xnannoro ncnonnnnx xnannx ocrarcx nmnoro. o nn
on nncrantnom accmornnn nnr x saxnmunnm, uro n nant. o cannnnm c
on nosnnmn yxasannxmn na mnorooasn roro, um morno t trt cnonnnn, - a no
mnnnm mnornx anroon, um ono n xnnxrcx na camom n, - ncrannnn o cnonnnnn
xax ncnonnnnn xnannx - nxnnannn craxa - ncnonnnnn naxasannx - oxastnarcx nc-
raxn nctma orannunntm. K +romy nyxno nnannrt ro, uro crax crt nxmax
nornnononoxnocrt xnannx, uro nornnononoxnocrn n acconnannn oconno nnsxn yr
yry, a n ccosnarntnom, xax mt ysnann, connaamr, an ro, uro naxasann rox xnnxrcx
ncnonnnnm xnannx, no yroro - nnsynymmro nnna.
rax, x n omm n cnan nnxaxnx ycrynox nammy nosaxnnm nornn ronn
ncnonnnnx xnannx. o mt oxsant oxasart ncnonnnn xnannx n nmom ncxaxnnom
cnonnnnn n, xonuno, n conamcx orxastnartcx or +ro saaun. nmcx x yx
ncronxonannomy cnonnnnm o rx nnoxnx rarantntx nnrax sa 1 ryntn 50 x., na
nnm xorooro mt yx mnoromy nayunnnct. amct, nt ro m nomnnr. ama, myx
xoroo coomnn nm, uro noyra 3nnsa, xoroax monox na rn mcxna,
oyunnact, nnnr no cn, uro ona cnnr n rar co cnonm myxm. na croona nara
nourn nycra. myx
rononr , uro 3nnsa c xnnxom rox xornn norn n rar, no n cmornn, rax xax
ocrann rontxo nnoxn mcra, rn sa onn ryntn nxrtcxr. na nonarar, uro n +rom nr
nnxaxoro ncuacrtx. Mt oraannct, uro mtcnn cnonnnnx ntaxann ocay na ann
samyxcrno n nonontcrno cnonm myxm. montrno, xax +rn maunt mtcnn tnn
naorant n ncnonnnn xnannx n r xorcx ro cn n xnnom cnonnnnn. Mt yx
snam, uro +nmnr "cnnmxom ano, nocnmno" ycrann ns cnonnnnx nnsyo. amxom
na nro xnnxrcx nycro nar. 3araouno "rn sa onn ryntn nxrtcxr" cranonnrcx
rnt on nonxrntm c nomomtm cnmnonnxn, c xoroo mt sa +ro nmx nosnaxomnnnct.
3ra roxa n crnnrntnocrn osnauar myxunny, n xnnt +nmnr nrxo moxno nncrn:
xynnrt c myxa sa nnano ("sa mo nnano x morna t c xynnrt n cxrt as
nyumro"). 3amyxcrno xnno sammno nocmnnm rara.* "nnmxom annxx noxynxa
nnron" nxmo sammar cnnmxom ann samyxcrno. o +ro sammnn xnnxrcx nom
ncnonnnnx xnannx. ama ama n ncra tna rax nonontna cnonm annnm samyxcrnom,
xax n ror nt, xora ona nonyunna nsncrn o nomonnx cno noyrn. cno nmx ona
ronnact nm n uyncrnonana cno nnocxocrno n noyro. annnt nymxn uacro
nocn nomonnxn ntaxamr aocrt, uro rnt cxoo noyr n rar na nc o cnx no
sanmnnt ntct n nc ynnxr. onx cracrn x nornxtnannm nnn nmontrcrna, xoroax
sct noxnnxrcx, tna cnauana onnnno cxcyantno cracrtm x nornxtnannm,
nanannnno na nononym xnsnt, oconno onrn, n sarm crana cnntntm
----------------------------------------
* yrom nanamnnammmcx ronxonannn +ro roxn y srno xnmnny x n
ynomnnam, rax xax nacroxmn ananns n an +roro marnana.
mornnom, noyxanmnm nymxy x annmy samyxcrny. axnm oasom, nocmnn
rara cranonnrcx nonxrntm namxammnm samcrnrnm nx samyxcrna. ax uro n cno
rnmn oca na cno ann samyxcrno ona nosnamarcx x romy nmnn, xora ono
tno ncnonnnnm xnannx, noromy uro yonnrnoxno cracrt x nornxtnannm, a no
nnnxnnm +roro nxnro xnannx samyxcrno sammarcx nocmnnm rara.
Mt moxm cxasart, uro ntann n camt yaunt nnm nx oxasarntcrna
ncnonnnnx cxtroro xnannx. nanornuntm oasom mt onxnt tnn t nocrynnrt n c
yrnmn ncxaxnntmn cnonnnnxmn. n mory +roro cnart n xouy rontxo ntasnrt
yxnn, uro +ro ncmy yacrcx. o na +rom momnr ronn mn xourcx m saxartcx.
ntr noxasan mn, uro no nc ronn cnonnnnx +ror momnr camt yxsnnmt n uro
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mnorn nosaxnnx n noasymnnx cnxsant c nnm. Kom roro, y nac, moxr trt,
cnoxnrcx nnuarnnn, uro x yx oruacrn orxasancx or cnoro yrnxnnx, cxasan, uro
cnonnnn xnnxrcx ntnonnnntm xnannm nnn ro nornnononoxnocrtm -
ocymcrnnnntm craxom nnn naxasannm, n noymar, uro +ro yont cnyua nx roro,
urot ntnynrt mnx na antnmn ycrynxn. cntman raxx ynx n rom, uro nsnaram
nmn, xaxymncx mn ounnntmn, cnnmxom cxaro n noromy nocrarouno ynrntno.
cnn xro-nnyt cnonan sa namn n ronxonannn cnonnnn o +roro mcra n nnnxn
nc, uro ono nam o cnx no ano, ro nxo n nonocom o ncnonnnnn xnannx on
ocranannnnarcx n cnamnnar: onycrnm, uro xaxo cnonnnn nmr cmtcn, n +ror cmtcn
moxno ncxtrt nn nomomn ncnxoanannrnucxo rxnnxn, noumy x +ror cmtcn, nonxn
ncxxo ounnnocrn, oxsarntno onxn trt nrncnyr n ]omyny ncnonnnnx xnannx?
oumy cmtcn +roro nounoro mtmnnnx n moxr trt nacrontxo x asnooasntm, xax n
cmtcn nnnoro mtmnnnx, r. . cnonnnn moxr coornrcrnonart onn as onomy
ncnonnnnomy xnannm, n yro as, xax nt camn rononr, ro nornnononoxnocrn,
xaxomy-ro crnnrntnomy onacnnm, a sarm ntaxart n xaxo-ro namnn,
nocrxnn, accyxnn sa n nornn nnn ynx, yxo concrn, nontrxy nororonnrtcx
x ncroxmmy crnnm n r. .? oumy x ncra ono xnann nnn n nyumm cnyua m
ro nornnononoxnocrt?
Moxno tno t noymart, uro asnornacn n +rom nonoc n rax naxno, cnn no ncm
ocrantnom c namn cornacnt. ocrarouno roro, uro mt namnn cmtcn cnonnnnx n nyrn,
urot ro ysnart; n cannnnn c +rnm n nmr ontmoro snaunnx ro, uro mt ntnyxnt
orannunrt +ror cmtcn, onaxo +ro n rax. oasymnn n +rom nynxr sararnnar camym
cyrt namnx ncrannnn o cnonnnnn n crannr no comnnn nx snaunn nx nonnmannx
nnosa. Kom roro, ra ycrynunnocrt, xoroax n xommucxom mn nnnrcx xax
"nynnrntnocrt", n nayx nymcrna n, cxo ncro, nna.
Mo nnt ornr na nonoc, noumy cnonnnn n onxno trt n yxasannom cmtcn
mnorosnauntm, rnacnr, xax otuno n raxnx cnyuaxx: x n snam, noumy rax n onxno trt.
t n nmn nnuro nornn. ycrt yr rax. nmt ona mnout nornnounr +romy on
mnoxomy n on yonomy nonnmannm cnonnnnx, a nmnno ro, uro n crnnrntnocrn
+ro n rax. roo mo ornr nouxnnar, uro mn camomy n uyxo nnonoxnn o
coornrcrnnn cnonnnnx mnorooasntm ]omam mtmnnnx n nnrnnxryantntx onann.
xax-ro cooman n ono ncronn onsnn o cnonnnnn, xnnxnmmcx rn noun nox n
ontm n nonroxnmmcx, n oxcnnn +ror cnyua rm,
uro cnonnnn coornrcrnonano namnnm, xoroomy nsaum tno nonroxrtcx nocn
roro, xax ono tno ntnonnno. osn x onynnxonan nnm onoro cnonnnnx,
coornrcrnonanmro nnsnannm. Kax x x nc-raxn mory yrnxart, uro cnonnnn
ncrannxr coo ncra rontxo ncnonnnno xnann?
nam +ro noromy, uro n xouy onycxart rnynoro noasymnnx, xoroo moxr
nnmnrt nac syntraron ncx namnx ycnnn n ananns cnonnnn, noasymnnx, nn
xoroom cnonnnn nyramr co cxtrtmn ro mtcnxmn n ntcxastnamr o nm ro, uro
ornocnrcx x +rnm nocnnnm n rontxo x nnm. conmrno nannntno, uro cnonnnn moxr
ncrannxrt nc +ro n trt samnno rm, uro mt yx nuncnnnn: namnnm,
nocrxnnm, accyxnnm, nnroronnnnm, nontrxo mnnx xaxo-ro saaun n r.
. o cnn nt nncmornrct, ro ynnnr, uro nc +ro ornocnrcx rontxo x cxtrtm mtcnxm
cnonnnnx, nnarnnmnmcx n cnonnnn. s ronxonann cnonnnn nt snar, uro
ccosnarntno mtmnnn nm sanxro raxnmn namnnxmn, nnroronnnnxmn,
asmtmnnnxmn n r. ., ns xorotx sarm aora cnonnnnx nar cnonnnnx. cnn nac
noxa n nnrcyr aora cnonnnnx, no ount nnrcyr ccosnarntnax aora
mtmnnnx unonxa, ro ncxnmunr aory cnonnnnx n cxaxnr o cnonnnnn nannntno,
uro ono coornrcrnyr nocrxnnm, namnnm n r. n. ncnxoanannrnucxo
xrntnocrn +ro uacro ncruarcx: no ontm uacrn crmxrcx rontxo x romy, urot nnont
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asymnrt ]omy cnonnnnx n nmcro nro noccranonnrt omym cnxst cxtrtx mtcn, ns
xorotx ono cocrannno.
ax, conmnno mxy nounm mt ysnam ns onnxn cxtrtx mtcn cnonnnnx, uro
nc +rn nasnannt usntuano cnoxnt ymnnt noncct moryr
noxonrt ccosnarntno, - cront x rannosnt, cxont n omnomnxmmn syntrar!
o nnmcx nasa. t yr nant, cnn yxcnnr c, uro nontsonannct
coxamnntmn ntaxnnxmn, n cnn n yr ymart, uro onxnt orncrn ynomxnyro
asnooasn x cymnocrn cnonnnnx. cnn nt rononr o cnonnnnn, ro nt onxnt nmrt
n nny nnn xnno cnonnnn, r. . noyxr aort cnonnnnx, nnn n nyumm cnyua camy
aory cnonnnnx, r. . ror ncnxnucxn noncc, xorot oasyr xnno cnonnnn ns
cxtrtx mtcn. mo yro ynornnn cnona yr nyrannn n nonxrnxx, xoroax
moxr trt rontxo nnunno noasymnnx. cnn n cnonx yrnxnnxx nt nmr n nny
cxtrt mtcnn, croxmn sa cnonnnnm, ro cxaxnr o +rom nxmo n n onxar
nonmy cnonnnnx n nxcnt ntaxnnx, xorotmn nt nontsyrct. xtrt mtcnn - +ro
marnan, xorot aora cnonnnnx noasyr n xnno cnonnnn. oumy x nt
nnmnno xornr cmmnnart marnan c aoro, xoroax ro ]omooasyr? Kaxn x y
nac rora nnmymcrna no cannnnm c rmn, xro nnnr rontxo noyxr n n moxr
oxcnnrt, orxya on noncxonr n xax on cnan?
nncrnnno cymcrnnntm n cnonnnnn xnnxrcx aora cnonnnnx, xoroax
noscrnyr na marnan mtcn. Mt n nmm nana nrnononart n ronn, cnn n
moxm c nosnonnrt nnut m n onnnntx naxrnucxnx cnryannxx. Kom roro,
anannrnucxo nanmnn noxastnar, uro aora cnonnnnx nnxora n orannunnarcx
rm, urot nncrn +rn mtcnn n nsncrnym nam axanucxym nnn rccnnnym ]omy
ntaxnnx. o ona nocroxnno nnannxr xo-uro, n nmmm ornomnnx x nnntm
cxtrtm mtcnxm, xnnxmmcx, cocrnnno ronox, nnxym cnno oasonannx
cnonnnnx. 3ro nnsxno oannnn n crt ccosnarntno xnann,
nx ncnonnnnx xorooro noasyrcx coxann cnonnnnx. axnm oasom,
cnonnnn moxr trt um yrono - nocrxnnm, namnnm, nnroronnnnm n r.
., cnn nt yr nnnnmart no nnnmann rontxo ncrannnnt nm mtcnn; ono ncra
yr raxx ncnonnnnm ccosnarntnoro xnannx n rontxo nm, cnn nt yr
accmarnnart ro xax syntrar aort cnonnnnx. nonnnn, raxnm oasom, nnxora n
yr nocro namnnm, nynxnnm, a ncra namnnm n r. n., nnnntm c
nomomtm ccosnarntnoro xnannx n axanucxym ]omy ntaxnnx n noasonanntm
nx ncnonnnnx +rnx xnann. nn nnsnax - ncnonnnn xnannx - nocroxnn, yro
moxr nsmnxrtcx, on moxr, n cnom out, rox trt xnannm, rax uro nnno cxtro
xnann cnonnnn ncrannxr ncnonnnntm c nomomtm ccosnarntnoro xnannx.
nc +ro ount xoomo nonnmam, no n snam, yanoct nn mn cnart +ro nonxrntm nx
nac. 3arynxmct raxx oxasart nam +ro. ono croont, +ro nnosmoxno s rmarntnoro
anannsa mnornx cnonnnn, a c yro - nntsx ynrntno nsnoxnrt +ror camt
mxornnnt n camt snaunrntnt nynxr namro nonnmannx cnonnnnx, n nnnox ro n
cnxst c rm, o um yr ut nnx. Moxr nn nt noom ncrannrt c, uro nn rcno
cnxsn ncx nm moxno rnyoxo nonnxnyrt n nnoy ono, n nmmanmnct n yrn,
cxono c n nnot? ax xax mt m nnuro n snam o nnxamnx ocrnnnnxax
cnonnnnx, o nnornucxnx cnmnromax, ro n sct mt ntnyxnt orannunrtcx
ocrnrnyrtm. rontxo xouy asxcnnrt nam m onn nnm n nnncrn nont
cooaxnnx.
ostmm onxrt ro camo cnonnnn o rx rarantntx nnrax sa 1 ryntn 50 x., x
xoroomy mt
nonoxarno nosnamannct. Mory nac sannrt, uro cnauana x nsxn ro n xaucrn
nnma s ocotx namnn. xtrt mtcnn cnonnnnx nt snar. ocaa, uro ama
nocnmnna c samyxcrnom, nocn roro xax ysnana, uro noyra rontxo rnt oyunnact;
nnxnn x cnomy myxy, mtcnt, uro ona morna t nmrt nyumro, cnn t rontxo
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nooxana. nann, cosanm cnonnnn ns +rnx mtcn, nt rox snar - +ro cracrt x
nornxtnannm, nosmoxnocrt xonrt n rar, noncxoxmax, no nc noxrnocrn, ns
nxnro nmontrcrna ysnart naxonn, uro x noncxonr, xora ntxonmt samyx. 3ro
nmontrcrno, xax nsncrno, y r nocroxnno nanannno na cxcyantnym xnsnt onrn,
rax uro ono nn]anrnntno, a nocxontxy nncyrcrnyr n antm, xnnxrcx nnunnm,
yxoxmnm xonxmn n nn]anrnntno. o nx noyxnnx +ro cracrn x nornxtnannm
nnno nsncrn n tno nonoom, a ntsnano rontxo ocay n coxannn. nauana +ro
xnann n ornocnnoct x cxtrtm mtcnxm cnonnnnx, n mt mornn nxnmunrt syntrar
ronxonannx cnonnnnx n ananns, n oamax na nro nnnmannx. ocaa cama no c n
cnocona ntsnart cnonnnn; ns mtcn "ccmtcnnno tno rax ano ntxonrt samyx"
cnonnnn n morno oasonartcx an, um onn noynnn nxn xnann ysnart
naxonn, uro noncxonr nn samyxcrn. 3arm +ro xnann oasonano coxann
cnonnnnx, samnnn samyxcrno nocmnnm rara n nnan my ]omy ncnonnnnx
nxnro xnannx: nor, x mory nrn n rar n cmorrt nc sanmnno, a rt n moxmt; x
samyxm, a rt onxna xart. axnm oasom, nacroxmax cnryannx nnarnnact n cnom
nornnononoxnocrt, nxnn rnym] tn nocrannn na mcro nonoro noaxnnx. Mxy
nounm, yonnrnonn cracrn x nornxtnannm cnnnarcx c +roncrnucxnm
yonnrnonnm or not n xonxynnnn. 3ro yonnrnonn onnxr xnno
coxann cnonnnnx, n xoroom ona crnnrntno cnnr n rar, a noyra n cmorna
nonacrt. K +ro cnryannn yonnrnonnx n nn nnoxoxm n nnonxrno mon]nxannn
nnannnt r +nmnrt coxannx cnonnnnx, sa xorotmn m cnxrant cxtrt
mtcnn cnonnnnx. n ronxonannn cnonnnnx n nyxno oamart nnnmannx na nc, uro
cnyxnr nsoaxnnm ncnonnnnx xnannx, a noccranonnrt myunrntnt cxtrt mtcnn
cnonnnnx.1
no cooaxnn, xoroo x xouy nnncrn, onxno oarnrt nam nnnmann na
ncranmn rnt na nnt nnan cxtrt mtcnn. omy nac n satnart, uro, no-nntx,
onn ccosnarntnt 2 nx nnnmro con, no-nrotx, conmnno asymnt n cnxsnt, rax uro
nx nnonn moxno nnnxrt sa nonxrnt axnnn na nono cnonnnnx, n-rrtnx, uro onn
moryr nmrt snaunmocrt nmoro ymnnoro nnxnnx nnn nnrnnxryantno onannn. 3rn
mtcnn x nasony rnt crox, um o cnx no, "ocrarxamn nnntx nnuarnnn"
nsanncnmo or roro, nnsnarcx n nnx nnnmn con nnn nr. nt x asnxm ocrarxn
nnntx nnuarnnn n cxtrt mtcnn cnonnnnx, nastnax cxtrtmn mtcnxmn n
coornrcrnnn c namnm
----------------------------------------
1 nnonmt nnm moxr cnyxnrt xxo xaaxrncrnxo nnnxnnx na ua xax
nccnonarnx, cnoxnnmrocx n yxyasnom omcrn, ncrannnn, oraxammnx
xnacconym cnnn]nxy +roro omcrna c ro uacrnococrnnnnucxnmn ornomnnxmn.
2 mnn "ccosnarntno", xax xncrnyr ns nnnnntx accyxnn ua,
nnoran y nro asnnuno coxann. nonauantno on oosnauan c]y nnunn
(noyxnn, nmmmnx onnnnym, n ocnonnom cxcyantnym nanannnnocrt).
nocnymmnx aorax u ncmarnnar cnon nsrnxt na nocosnanamt yonnn
ncnxnucxo axrnnnocrn.
nxnnm ynornnnm nc ro, uro mt ysnam ns ronxonannx cnonnnnx, n ro nmx xax
ocrarxn nnntx nnuarnnn - +ro rontxo uacrt cxtrtx mtcn cnonnnnx. an,
cornacno nammy nonnmannm, x ocrarxam nnntx nnuarnnn uro-ro nnannxrcx, uro-ro
ornocnnmcx raxx x ccosnarntnomy, cnntno, no ntrcnnno xnann, n rontxo ono
nar nosmoxntm oasonann cnonnnnx. nnxnn +roro xnannx na ocrarxn nnntx
nnuarnnn ntstnar yrym uacrt cxtrtx mtcn cnonnnnx, ry, xoroax yx n
xaxrcx annonantno n nonxrno ns xnsnn n ocrnonannn.
nx ornomnnx ocrarxon nnntx nnuarnnn x ccosnarntnomy xnannm x
nocnontsonancx cannnnm, xoroo mory sct rontxo nonronrt. o ncxxom nnnxrnn
nyxn xannranncr, ymn na cx acxot, n nnnnnmarnt, xorot nmr nm n
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ymr ocymcrnnrt. oasonannn cnonnnnx ont xannranncra ncra nrar
ccosnarntno xnann; ono orar ncnxnucxym +nrnm nx oasonannx cnonnnnx;
nnnnnmarnt - ocrarox nnntx nnuarnnn, xorot acnoxxarcx +rnmn acxoamn.
ana, xannranncr cam moxr nmrt nm, a nnnnnmarnt xannran. 3ro ynomar
naxrnucxym cnryannm, no sarynxr rornucxo nonnmann. naonom xosxcrn
+ro ono nnno ncra yyr nnrt na na - xannranncra n nnnnnmarnx - n noccranonxr
ry ocnonnym nosnnnm, ns xoroo nonsomno nam cannnn. n oasonannn cnonnnnx
rox cnyuamrcx raxn x nanannn, nocnnrt xorot x nocrannxm nam.
antm mt c namn n moxm norn, noromy uro nt, noxrno, yx anno sanxrt
nonocom, xorot sacnyxnnar nnnmannx. t cnamnnar, crnnrntno nn ocrarxn
nnntx nnuarnnn ccosnarntnt n rom x cmtcn, uro n ccosnarntno xnann,
xoroo nnannxrcx, urot cnart nx cnocontmn cosart cnonnnn? am
nnonoxnn nannntno. 3ct cxtnarcx camax cyrt ncro na. nn n ccosnarntnt n
rom x cmtcn. nann cnonnnnx ornocnrcx x yromy ccosnarntnomy, x romy,
xoroo mt nnsnam sa nn]anrnntno n nanxm ocotmn mxannsmamn. tno t nnonn
ymcrno asnnrt +rn na nna ccosnarntnoro, an nm asnt nasnannx. o c +rnm nyum
nooxart, noxa mt n nosnaxomnmcx c onacrtm nnoson. cnn yx sa ono ccosnarntno
nac ynxamr n ]anracrnunocrn, ro uro x cxaxyr na nam nnsnann, uro nam noxonmt
m n na nna ccosnarntnoro?
anar sct ocranonnmcx. nxrt nt ycntmann rontxo o um-ro nsaxonunnom; no
asn n nnymar naxy mtcnt, uro +rn snannx nnnyr x nontm, xorot nnorm mt
camn nnn yrn nocn nac? mt camn asn n ysnann ocrarouno nonoro n noasnrntnoro?
H KH
M KK
Vnaxamt amt n rocnoa! Mt n moxm ocrannrt onacrt cnonnnnx, n ynomxnyn o
camtx otuntx comnnnxx n xonannxx, nosnnxammnx n cnxsn c namnmn nontmn
nsrnxamn. amt nnnmarntnt cnymarnn ns nac camn coann xo-xaxo marnan no
+romy nonoy.
1. osmoxno, y nac cnoxnnoct nnuarnnn, uro syntrart nam aort no
ronxonannm cnonnnn, ncmorx na rmarntnocrt rxnnxn, onycxamr rax mnoro
nonnnnocr, uro cnart rount nno xnnoro cnonnnnx na |xstx| cxtrtx ro
mtcn nc-raxn n yarcx. samnry +roro nt cxaxr, uro no-nntx, nnxora n nsncrno,
cnyr nn onnnnt +nmnr nonnmart n ro cocrnnnom cmtcn nnn cnmnonnucxn,
noromy uro nmn, ncnontsonannt n xaucrn cnmnonon, ns-sa +roro nc x n ncramr
trt camnmn coo. o cnn nr oxrnnnoro ocnonannx nx asmnnx anno nonmt,
ro n +rom cnyua ronxonann sanncnr or nonsnona ronxonarnx. an, ncncrnn
connannx nornnononoxnocr nn aor cnonnnnx xaxt as ocrarcx nxcntm,
cnyr nn nonnmart xaxo-ro onnnnt +nmnr cnonnnnx n nonoxnrntnom nnn
ornnarntnom, n nxmom nnn nornnononoxnom cmtcn. +ro nont nono nx noxnnnnx
nonsnona ronxonarnx. -rrtnx, ncncrnn cront nsnmnnntx n cnonnnnn nnncn
ronxonarnt nonn n nmom mcr cnonnnnx nnnnxrt raxym nnncnm. axonn, nt
comnrct na mon cnona, uro xo moxno trt ynnntm n rom, uro nanno ronxonann
nncrnnno nosmoxno. cra crt onacnocrt nornxrt xaxo-nnyt nnonn onycrnmo
nronxonann roro x cnonnnnx. n raxnx ocroxrntcrnax, saxnmunr nt, nonsnony
ronxonarnx orxtnarcx raxo non xrntnocrn, mnora xorooro, no-nnnmomy,
nconmcrnma c oxrnnno naxnocrtm syntraron. nn x nt moxr nnonoxnrt,
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uro no nonc n n cnonnnnn, no uro nocrarxn namro ronxonannx oxcnxmrcx
nnannntnocrtm namnx nsrnxon n ncxontx nnoctnox.
ct nam marnan, sycnonno, xoom, no x nonaram, uro on n onantnar nyx namnx
saxnmunn: o rom, uro ronxonannx cnonnnn, xax mt nx nononm, nocrannnt
nonsnony, n o rom, uro nsxnt nonyunntx syntraron cranxr no nonoc nanomnocrt
namro mroa. cnn no nonsnonom ronxonarnx nt yr nonnmart ro nonxocrt, ontr,
nonxrnnnocrt, ro x c namn cornamyct, or raxnx nnuntx oconnocr mt crnnrntno n
moxm orxasartcx, rm on nn mnnn ryno saaun ronxonannx cnonnnn. o nt
n n yrnx onacrxx nayxn n nnau. r ccrna nommart romy, urot onn nnan xaxo-
ro onnnno rxnnxo n xyx yroro nnn n mor nyum ncnontsonart. crantno,
nonsnoxm nnuarnnn nonsnona, nannm, nn ronxonannn cnmnonon, ycranxrcx
rm, uro, xax nannno, cnxst mtcn cnonnnnx mxy coo, cnxst cnonnnnx c xnsntm
nnnmro con n ncx ncnxnucxax cnryannx, n xoroo cnonnnn noncxonr, sacrannxmr
ntart
ns anntx nosmoxntx ronxonann ono, a ocrantnt orxnonnrt xax nnnront.
saxnmunn o nnannntnocrn nam ycranonxn, ocnonanno na nxorotx nconmncrnax
ronxonannx cnonnnn, ononrarcx samuannm, uro mnorosnaunocrt nnn
nonnnnocrt cnonnnnx xnnxrcx ro noxonmtm cnocrnom, nnonn ornuammnm
namnm oxnannxm.
cnomnnm o namm yrnxnnn, uro aora cnonnnnx nnonr mtcnn cnonnnnx n
nnmnrnnnym ]omy ntaxnnx, ananornunym nnctmy nn nomomn ncynxon. o nc +rn
nnmnrnnnt cncrmt ntaxnnx cront x nonnnnt n nycmtcnnnt, xorx y nac nr
nnxaxoro comnnnx n nx nnronocrn x annomy ynornnnm. t snar, uro connann
nornnononoxnocr nn aor cnonnnnx ananornuno rax nastnamomy
"nornnononoxnomy cmtcny nnonauantntx cnon" n nnmnx xstxax. nnrnncr K.
nt (14), xoroomy mt oxsant +rnm ncrannnnm, nynxar nac, urot mt n
ymann, uro coomnn, cnanno nn nomomn raxnx amnnannrntx cnon, tno
nycmtcnnntm. on un n cononoxammn xcr onxnt tnn xcno noxasart, xaxo ns
nyx nornnononoxntx snaunn ronoxmn nmn n nny. a nnctm, r xcr orcyrcrnyr,
onn samnxnnct ononnnrntntm, n oxsarntntm nx nonsnomnnx ncynxom-snaxom,
nannm, nsoaxnnm ccnntno onycrnnmrocx na xorouxn nnn nxmo cnxmro
unonuxa n sanncnmocrn or roro, osnauar nn nycmtcnnno ken nornn]nucxoro nnctma
"cnat" nnn "cnntnt". axnm oasom, ncmorx na mnorosnaunocrt snyxon n snaxon,
noasymnn ycranxnoct.
nnn cncrmt ntaxnnx, nannm nnctmnnocrt nnmnx xstxon, amr nam
ncrannnn o nxorotx nonnnnocrxx, xorotx mt n nornnn t n nam
conmnno nnctmnnocrn. ax, n
nxorotx cmnrcxnx xstxax na nnctm oosnauamrcx rontxo cornacnt cnon.
onymnnt rnacnt unrammn onxn ncrannxrt cooasno cnomy snannm n no
xonrxcry. concm rax, no ount noxox noncxonr n nornn]nucxo nnctmnnocrn,
no+romy nonsnomnn rnnrcxoro xstxa ocranoct nam nnsncrntm. nxmnno nnctmo
rnnrxn nmr m n yrym nonnnnocrt. ax, nannm, nnmymn moxr
nonsnontno acnonarart ncynxn cnana nanno nnn cnna nanano. rot unrart, nyxno
conmart nannno urnnx n ry croony, xya oamnt cnny+rt ]nry, nrnn n r. n. o
nnmymn mor acnonarart ncynxn n no nrnxann, a nn nanncxx na nontmnx oxrax
on nosnonxn c nsmnnrt nocnonarntnocrt snaxon no +crrnucxnm cooaxnnxm n nx
sanonnnnx nocrancrna. o on ncro n nornn]nucxom nnctm sarynxr orcyrcrnn
asnnnx cnon. ncynxn acnonoxnt n crox na onnaxonom accroxnnn yr or yra, n
n omm nntsx ysnart, ornocnrcx nn snax x ntymmy cnony nnn xnnxrcx nauanom
nonoro. ncncxo xnnnonncn, nanornn, xoco xnnn cnyxnr asnnrnm cnon.
sycnonno nnn, no ynornxmt n cronx 400 mnnnnonamn xstx n nnctmnnocrt
- xnracxn. ymar, uro x nx snam; x rontxo ocnomnncx o nnx, naxct narn ananornn
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c nonnnnocrxmn cnonnnnx. mo oxnann mnx n omanyno. Knracxn xstx
nonon raxnx nonnnnocr, uro onn moryr nnymnrt nam yxac. Kax nsncrno, on cocronr
ns xaxoro-ro uncna cnorontx snyxon, xorot nonsnocxrcx orntno nnn n courannn ns
nyx. nn ns ocnonntx nanxron coxnr oxono 400 raxnx snyxon. ax xax cnonat +roro
nanxra nacunrtnar nnmno 4000 cnon, nonyuarcx, uro xaxt snyx n cnm nmr
cxrt asnnuntx snaunn, nxorot ns nnx
mntm, no yrn saro m ontm. an nmrcx nnt x ccrn, urot nsxart
mnorosnaunocrn, rax xax rontxo no xonrxcry nntsx oraartcx, xaxo ns cxrn snaunn
cnoronoro snyxa ronoxmn nnarar cnymarnm. n nnx - connnn nyx snyxon n
ono cocranno cnono n ncnontsonann urtx asnnuntx "ronon", n cononoxnnn
xorotx +rn cnorn nonsnocxrcx. nx namro cannnnx nnrcno m ro ocroxrntcrno,
uro n +rom xstx nourn nr rammarnxn. n o onom ns onocnoxntx cnon nntsx cxasart,
cymcrnnrntno nn +ro, rnaron, nnnararntno, n nr nnxaxnx nsmnnn cnon, no xorotm
moxno tno t ysnart o, uncno, oxonuann, nmx nnn naxnonnn. axnm oasom, xstx
cocronr, rax cxasart, rontxo ns ctoro marnana, noono romy, xax nam xstx mtcn
asnararcx naroax aor cnonnnnx, ycranxmm ntaxnn ornomnn, na ro
cto marnan. xnracxom xstx no ncx raxnx nonnnntx cnyuaxx mnn
nocrannxrcx cnymarnm, xorot yxonocrnyrcx nn +rom omnm cmtcnom. sanncan
c nnm ono xnracxo noronoxn, xoroax n ocnonnom nno rnacnr: "Mano uro
nnrt, mnoro uro ynnnrntno".
nryno nonxrt. na moxr osnauart: um mntm xro-ro nnn, rm ontm on
naxonr ynnnrntnoro nnn mnoro crt umy nonnnrtcx nx roro, xro mano nnn. asnnun
mxy +rnmn rontxo rammarnucxn asntmn nnoamn, asymrcx, n nnnnmarcx no
nnnmann. cmorx na +rn nonnnnocrn, xnracxn xstx, xax nac ynxmr, xnnxrcx
nxacntm ccrnom ntaxnnx mtcn. axnm oasom, nonnnnocrt noxsarntno
onxna ncrn x mnorosnaunocrn.
naxo mt onxnt nnsnartcx, uro n cncrm ntaxnnx cnonnnn nc roaso mn
naronnxrno, um no ncx +rnx nnnx xstxax n nnctmnnocrxx. oromy
uro nocnnn n ocnon cno nc-raxn nnasnaunt nx coomnnx, r. . accunrant
na ro, urot trt nonxrtmn xaxnmn yrono nyrxmn n c ncnontsonannm nmtx
ncnomorarntntx ccrn. o nmnno +ra ura y cnonnnnx orcyrcrnyr. nonnnn
nnxomy nnuro n xour rononrt, ono n xnnxrcx ccrnom coomnnx, naooor, ono
accunrano na ro, urot ocrartcx nnonxrtm. o+romy mt n onxnt tnn t ynnnxrtcx n
cmymartcx, cnn oxasanoct, uro xaxo-ro uncno mnorosnaunocr n nonnnnocr
cnonnnnx n noarcx asxcnnnm. comnnntm syntrarom namro cannnnx
ocranrcx rontxo ro yxnn, uro raxn nonnnnocrn, ns-sa xorotx xornn
nocrannrt no comnnn ocnonarntnocrt namnx ronxonann cnonnnn, xnnxmrcx
nocroxnntmn xaaxrntmn uramn ncx nnmnrnnntx cncrm ntaxnnx.
ontxo ontr n naxrnxa moryr ycranonnrt, nacxontxo rnyoxnm moxr trt n
crnnrntnocrn nonnmann cnonnnnx. nonaram, uro ount rnyoxnm, n cannnn
syntraron, xorot nonyuamr nannntno oyunnt anannrnxn, nornxar mom rouxy
snnx. noxax nynnxa nnranron, ax nayuntx, naxonr yonnrnonn n rom, uro
n nnnom rynocr n nynnnocrn n nayuno aor xnacrar ntcoxomntm
cxnrnnnsmom. ymam, uro onn n nant. Moxr trt, n ncm nam nsncrno, uro noonax
cnryannx nmna mcro n ncronn acmn]onxn accno-nannnoncxnx nannc. tno nmx,
xora omcrnnno mnnn saxonno rax anxo, uro cunrano acmn]onmnxon xnnnonncn
]anrasamn, a nccnonann oxnnno "manarancrnom". o n 157r. Koonncxo
asnarcxo omcrno nonsnno mammym nonxy. no nnoxnno urtm camtm
nnntm nccnonarnxm xnnnonncn - oynnncony, Xnnxcy, antory n nnry - ntcnart
my n sanuarannom xonnr nsanncnmt nnot nnont nanntx nannc n nocn
cannnnx urtx nnoon cmorno oxnnrt, uro nx cxocrno ocrarouno nnnxo, uro ono
onantnar onn x yx ocrnrnyromy n ar ynnnocrt n antnmnx ycnxax.
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acmmxn yuntx-ncnnnanncron sarm nocrnnno nxarnnnct, a ynnnocrt nn
urnnn xnnnonncntx oxymnron c rx no usntuano nosocna.
2. roo x comnnn rcno cnxsan c nnuarnnnm, or xorooro, moxr trt, n
nnonn cnoont n nt, uro uacrt nananron ronxonannx cnonnnn, xorot mt ntnyxnt
nnoxnrt, xaxyrcx narxnyrtmn, ncxyccrnnntmn, nnrxnyrtmn sa nonoct, r. .
nacnntcrnnntmn nnn ax cmmntmn n noxoxnmn na nyaunym ocrory. axn saxnnnnx
nacrontxo uacrt, uro x nostmy nayra nocnn, nsncrno mn. rax, cnymar: nanno n
cnoono nnann onn nxro cmnnann tn nnmn cnoro mcra ns-sa roro, uro
sannmancx ncnxoanannsom. n ntasnn norcr, n ona ncxax rasra onynnxonana
xaaxrncrnxy mxontntx nnacr o nm. s +roro oxymnra x nnnoxy ncxontxo
nnoxnn, ornocxmnxcx x ncnxoanannsy: "an noaxar nrnnnosnocrt n
ncxyccrnnnocrt no mnornx nnmax, xorot nmmrcx n nnnnno xnnr -a ]ncra
ns Hmnxa. oaxar, cocrnnno, ro, uro nxro cmnnann s xnrnxn nnnnmar nc
+rn yrnxnnx n ncnooxasarntcrna". 3rn ]ast ntamrcx sa mnn
"cnncracrnoro cytn". ymam, uro "ncxyccrnnno" cxo +ro cnncracrn. nmm
+rn saxnnnnx c mtcntm, uro ax nn cnncracrnom cyxnnn n mmar noymart n
trt nmnoro snaxomtm c nom.
crnnrntno, nnxrno nnrt, xax tcro n somnouno xro-ro moxr asoartcx n
raxom sanyrannom nonoc rnynnno ncnxonornn, ncxox ns cnonx nntx nnuarnnn.
onxonannx xaxyrcx my naymanntmn n nanxsanntmn, onn my n nanxrcx, snaunr, onn
nnannntnt, nnxya n roxrcx; n my ax cnyuano n nnxonr n ronony mtcnt o yro
nosmoxnocrn, o rom, uro +rn ronxonannx nmmr ncxn ocnonannx, n cnxsn c um nosnnxar
yx cnymmn nonoc, xaxont x +rn ncxn ocnonannx.
cyxamt ]axr, n cymnocrn, nmr ornomnn x syntraram cmmnnx, xoroo nam
nsncrno xax camo cnntno ccrno nnsyt cnonnnnx. nomomtm cmmnnx nnsya
cnonnnnx cosar samcrnrn, xorot mt nasnann namxamn. o +ro namxn, xorot
camn no c n rax-ro nrxo ysnamrcx, oarnt nyrt or nnx x cocrnnnomy coxannm
nnrxo narn, n onn cnxsant c +rnm nocnnnm camtmn cranntmn, naxrnucxn n
ncruammnmncx nnmnnmn acconnannxmn. o no ncx +rnx cnyuaxx ut nr o nmax,
xorot onxnt trt cxtrtmn, onxnt ocranartcx n ran; nt x +romy crmnrcx
nnsya cnonnnnx. ntsx x oxnart, uro cnxranno narcx n mcr, r my otuno n
nonararcx naxonrtcx. crnymmn cronx norannunt xomnccnn n +rom ornomnnn
xnr, um mnnacxn mxontnt nnacrn. noncxax oxymnron n sannc onn n
onontcrnymrcx nocmorom nor]n n xamanon, no cunramrcx c nosmoxnocrtm, uro
mnnont n nxunxn moryr nocnrt raxn sanmnnt nmn n camtx norantx mcrax
cno oxt, r nm, sycnonno, n mcro, nannm, mxy nontmn noomnamn canor.
cnn cxtrt nmn nant ram, ro nx, no ncxxom cnyua, n rontxo +nrnuno ncxann, no
raxx n namnn.
cnn mt nnsnam nosmoxnocrt camtx orannntx, camtx cranntx, xaxymnxcx ro
cmmntmn, ro ocroymntmn cnxs mxy xaxnm-ro cxtrtm +nmnrom cnonnnnx n ro
xnntm samcrnrnm, ro onnamcx nn +rom na orart ontr nnmon, asxcnnn
xorotx mt, xax nannno, nonyunnn n camn. acro nocro nnosmoxno anart raxn
ronxonannx camomy, nn onn asymnt unonx n mor t oraartcx o nmmmcx cnxsn.
no ar nam nnnmn con nno casy naroax nnoccrnnno nnmm my n
ronony mtcnn - on nt moxr +ro cnart, noromy uro y nro n nosnnx +ror samcrnrnt, -
nno on nocrannxr nam crontxo marnana, uro ronxonann yx n ryr ocooro
ocroymnx, a nanamnnarcx camo coo. cnn x nnnmn con n nomorar nam +rnmn
nymx cnocoamn, ro coornrcrnymmn xnnt +nmnr rax n ocrarcx nancra nnonxrntm
nx nac. osnontr accxasart nam m onn raxo nnm, xorot mn nanno ncrrnncx.
na ns monx nannnrox no nmx nunnx norxna orna. rx no ona ncnontsyr nmo
nono, urot nocxcnrt ro no cn. onom ns cnonnnn orn noxnnxrcx n
onnnno, n nmmm ocooro snaunnx cnxsn n rononr: rnt urnrt nnanaroro,
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nononnna nnanaroro, rn urnrn nnanaroro. n ronxonannn +ro crannocrn
nnmna n ronony rontxo ra mtcnt, uro orn tnan ononn, xora nsocnt rn axxyarno
xnnxnnct x ommy crony. 3ro, xonuno, tno cnxsano c +nmnrom cnonnnnx, no n
nosnonxno cnart nnxaxoro saxnmunnx o ro noncxoxnnn. tno noosnn,
oycnonnnno roramn cnryann nunnx, uro n +rom cnonnnnn nnnnmano yuacrn
rmarntno noannxmo xnrnucxo conornnnnn nmnmomy n nounramomy orny.
nocnymmm xo nosnnxammnx y n mtcn, xax yro t concm orannnmnxcx or
cnonnnnx, nnnmax con accxastnar, uro nua n nncyrcrnnn mnoro rononnoct o
ncnxonornn, n onn ocrnnnnx ntcxasan samuann: no ncx nac noonxar xnrt
nnotrnt unonx (rmensch). nt nam nc nonxrno. 3ro ano nxacnt nono
m as nocxcnrt ymmro orna. cnonnnn ona cnana ro, raxnm oasom,
unonxom, xnnymnm no uacam (hrmensch), sacrannn ro oxnnxrt urnrn uaca
nononynn.
+rom nnm nt n moxr n samrnrt cxocrna c ocroro, n crnnrntno
ocrarouno uacro cnyuarcx rax, uro ocrory nnnmro con nnnnmamr sa ocroymn
ronxonarnx. crt n yrn nnmt, xora concm n nrxo mnrt, nmmt nn no c
ocroro nnn co cnonnnnm. o nt nomnnr, uro nmnno raxo comnnn noxnnnoct y nac
nn ananns nxorotx oronoox. nn myxunna accxastnar, uro my cnnnoct, yro ro
xx nonnonan ro, xora onn cnnn n ro anro (monn) (Auto). n casy x nnannxr
ronxonann. 3ro snaunr ayro+ornsm (Autoerotismus) (rmnn ns ronn nnno, osnauammn
yonnrnonn s nocroonnro oxra). nosnonnn nn c +ror unonx c namn myrxy
n n ntan nn nonannnmymcx my ocrory sa cnonnnn? ymam, uro nr; on
crnnrntno ynnn raxo con. o orxya rcx +ro noasnrntno cxocrno? cno
nmx +ror nonoc ynn mnx nmnoro n croony or moro nyrn, nocrannn n
noxonmocrtm nccnonart camo ocroymn. n +rom onayxnnoct, uro nx
nosnnxnonnnx ocrort ncosnarntnt xo mtcn nonrarcx ccosnarntno
oaorx, nocn xoroo on noxnnxrcx n nn ocrort. o nnnxnnm ccosnarntnoro +rn
mtcnn nonramrcx noscrnnm rocnocrnymmnx ram mxannsmon crymnnx n cmmnnx,
r. . rx x nonccon, xorot, xax mt onayxnnn, yuacrnymr n aor cnonnnnx, n n
+ro omnocrn cnyr ncxart ncrounnx cxocrna ocroymnx n cnonnnnx ram, r ono
nmr mcro. o nnnamnno "ocroymn cnonnnnx" n ocrannxr nam nnxaxoro
yonontcrnnx. oumy, nt
moxr ysnart, yrnynnmnct n nsyunn ocroymnx. "croymn cnonnnnx" xaxrcx
nam nyauntm ocroymnm, ono n ntstnar cmxa, ocrannxr nac annoymntmn.
n +rom mt nm no cronam anrnunoro ronxonannx cnonnnn, ocrannnmro nam
naxy co mnornm cnonsntm nxorot xoomn nnmt ronxonannx cnonnnn.
uac x accxaxy nam ncronucxn naxno cnonnnn nxcana Maxoncxoro, o
xoroom coomamr c nxorotmn nsmnnnxmn nyrax n rmno ns annca. Kora
nat tn sanxr ocao oruaxnno samnmanmrocx rooa na (322 r. o . X.), on ynnn xax-
ro no cn rannymmro carna. onxonarnt cnonnnn ncran, naxonnmncx nn
nocx, ncronxonan +ro cnonnnn, asnoxnn cnono carn na sa iros |rno n| n no+romy
oman nxcany noy na rooom. o nnnxnnm ronxonannx nxcan noonxnn
ocay n n xonn xonnon nsxn n. onxonann, xoroo ntrnxnr ocrarouno ncxyccrnnntm,
tno ncomnnno nannntntm.
3. Mory c ncrannrt, xaxo ocoo nnuarnnn nonsnr na nac coomnn, uro
nornn namro nonnmannx cnonnnnx nosaxann n r nnna, xorot camn xax
ncnxoanannrnxn onro nmx sannmannct ronxonannm cnonnnn. tno t cnnmxom
notxnonnntm, cnn t raxo nono x nontm sanyxnnxm ocrancx nncnontsonanntm,
rax uro ns-sa nyrannnt nonxrn n nonananntx oomnn nosnnxnn t yrnxnnx,
xorot no nnannntnocrn nnamnoro ycrynann nonnmannm cnonnnn n mnnnn. no
ns nnx nt yx snar. no saxnnxr, uro cnonnnn ntrarcx nncnoconrtcx x nacroxmmy
n mnrt saaun yymro, r. . ncnyr "nocnxrnnnym rnnnnm" (Maeder, 1912). Mt
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yx yxasann, uro +ro yrnxnn ocnonano na nomn cnonnnnx ro cxtrtmn mtcnxmn,
r. . na nrnononannn aort cnonnnnx.
xaucrn xaaxrncrnxn ccosnarntno ymcrnnno xrntnocrn, x xoroo
nnnanxar cxtrt mtcnn cnonnnnx, +ro yrnxnn, c ono croont, n nono, c
yro, ono n xnnxrcx ncuntnammnm, noromy uro ccosnarntnax ymcrnnnax
xrntnocrt naxy c nororonxo yymro nanannna na mnoro yro. m on
ryax omnxa saxnmuna n yrnxnnn, uro sa xaxtm cnonnnnm cronr "xnaysyna*
cmrn" (odesklausel) (tekel, 1911, 34). n snam, uro osnauar +ra ]omyna, no
nnonaram, uro sa n cxtnarcx nomna cnonnnnx nc nnunocrtm nnnmro con.
onananno oomnn nmnornx xoomnx nnmon coxnrcx n nonoxnnn, uro
xaxo cnonnnn onycxar na ronxonannx: ono, noxasanno namn, rax nastnamo
ncnxoanannrnucxo, yro - rax nastnamo ananornucxo, xoroo orxastnarcx or
nnunn n nanannno na nsoaxnn ntcmnx ymnntx nonccon (ilerer, 1914). axn
cnonnnnx nmmrcx, no nt nanacno yr ntrartcx acnocrannrt +ry rouxy snnx xorx
t na ontmnncrno cnonnnn. ocn ncro, uro nt cntmann, nam noxaxrcx conmnno
nnonxrntm n yrnxnn, uro nc cnonnnnx cnyr ronxonart ncxcyantno, xax
cnnxnn noroxon, xorot cnyr nastnart myxcxnm n xncxnm (n, 1910). Konuno,
crt n raxn orntnt cnonnnnx, n nosn nt ysnar, uro onn nmmr ro x cronn,
uro n onnnnt ncrnucxn cnmnromt. ynomnnam oo ncx +rnx orxtrnxx nontx
omnx ur cnonnnnx, urot nocrut nac or nnx nnn, no xan m, urot n
ocrannrt y nac comnnnx no nonoy roro, uro x o +rom ymam.
----------------------------------------
* nnucxn rmnn, osnauammn oronannamo ycnonn (n orono). - nm. .
nnoa.
4. naxt oxrnnnax snaunmocrt nsyunnx cnonnnn tna nocrannna no nonoc
ns-sa nanmnnx, uro nannnrt, nuamncx anannsom, nncnocannnamr coxann cnonx
cnonnnn x nmnmtm ronxm cnonx nau; onnm cnxrcx nnmymcrnnno cxcyantnt
nnunnx, yrnm - crmnnn x nnacrn, rrtnm - ax nono oxnn (rxnt).
Hnnocrt +roro nanmnnx nonnxarcx, cnn nnnxrt no nnnmann ro, uro nmn nnnn cnt
yx o ncnxoanannrnucxoro nunnx, xoroo morno t nnnxrt na nx cnonnnnx, n uro
rnmnn nannnrt raxx nmnn otxnonnn nnrt cnt n o nunnx. uaxrnucxax
croona +roro orxtrnx cxoo nnsnarcx camo coo asymmmcx n n nmmm nnxaxoro
snaunnx nx ronn cnonnnnx. crarxn nnntx nnuarnnn, noyxammn x
oasonannm cnonnnnx, nmmr cnonm ncrounnxom ycrounnt xnsnnnt nnrct nn
ocrnonannn. cnn ct naua n annt nm yxasannx nnonn nx anannsnymoro
ontmo snaunn, ro onn nxoxr n xyr ocrarxon nnntx nnuarnnn, moryr crart
ncnxnucxnmn noynrnxmn cnonnnnx, xax yrn +monnonantno oxamnnt
nyonnrnonnt nnrct nx, n crnonart noono comarnucxnm asaxnrnxm,
oxastnammnm noscrnn na cnxmro no nmx cna. oono +rnm yrnm noynrnxm
cnonnnnx ntsnannt nauom mtcnn moryr nosnnxnyrt n xnnom cnonnnnn nnn
onayxnrtcx n cxtrom. Mt yx snam, uro cnonnnnx moxno ntsnart +xcnnmnrantno
nnn, nannntn cxasart, nncrn n cnonnnn uacrt ro marnana. axnm oasom, naroax
+romy nnnxnnm na cnoro nannnra anannrnx nrar ont +xcnnmnraroa, xorot, xax
Moynn ont, nnar unnam ncntrymoro onnnnt nonoxnnx.
acro moxno nnymnrt cnxmmy, o um onxno trt ro cnonnnn, no nnxora nntsx
nonnnxrt na ro,
uro on ynnnr no cn. Mxannsm aort cnonnnnx n ro ccosnarntno xnann n
noamrcx nnxaxomy uyxomy noscrnnm. n onnx cnonnnn, ntsnanntx
comarnucxnmn asaxnrnxmn, nt yx ysnann, uro cnooasn n camocroxrntnocrt xnsnn
no cn noxnnxrcx n axnnn, xoroo cnonnnn ornuar na nnnxnmn na nro
comarnucxn nnn ncnxnucxn asaxnrnn. rax, n ocnon ocyxanmrocx sct
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yrnxnnx, xoroo nocrannno no comnnn oxrnnnocrt nsyunnx cnonnnn, onxrt
nxnr nomna cnonnnnx ro marnanom.
or n nc, ynaxamt amt n rocnoa, uro x xorn nam cxasart o nonmax cnonnnnx.
t oratnarct, uro mnoro x ynycrnn, n snar camn, uro nourn no ncm nonocam x
ntcxasancx nnonno. o nnunno +roro xnnxrcx nsanmocnxst ]nomnon cnonnnnx n
nnornucxnx xnnnn. Mt nsyuann cnonnnn xax nnnn n ronm nnoson, n +ro,
xonuno, nannntn, um cnn t mt nocrynnnn naooor. o xax cnonnnn
nororannnnar nonnmann nnoson, rax, c yro croont, nannntnym onnxy cnonnnnx
moxno nnocrn rontxo nocn snaxomcrna c nnornucxnmn xnnnnxmn.
snam, xax ymar nt, no x onxn nac sannrt, uro n xanm o rom, uro nocnxrnn
nonmam cnonnnnx rax mnoro nocrannnnoro nam nmnn n rax onro sannman nam
nnnmann. n na xaxom yrom oxr nntsx rax tcro ynrtcx n nannntnocrn
yrnxnn, na xorotx snxrcx ncnxoananns. yxna nanxxnnax aora n runn
ncxontxnx mcxnn n ax nr, urot noxasart, uro cnmnromt xaxoro-ro cnyuax
nnornucxoro saonnannx nmmr cno cmtcn, cnyxar xaxomy-ro namnnm n
oycnonnnt ocroxrntcrnamn xnsnn ontnoro. anornn, n runn ncxontxnx uacon
yarcx, moxr trt, oxasart ro x camo ornocnrntno cnauana sanyrannoro cnonnnnx n
nornnrt +rnm nc nonoxnnx ncnxoanannsa - o ccosnarntnocrn ymnntx nonccon,
o ocotx mxannsmax, xorotm onn nounnxmrcx, n nnxymnx cnnax, xorot n nnx
noxnnxmrcx. cnn mt conocrannm nonnym ananornm n nocronnn cnonnnnx n
nnornucxoro cnmnroma c tcroro nnamnnx cnxmro unonxa n ocrnymmro n
asymnoro, ro y nac noxnnrcx ynnnocrt, uro n nnos ocnonan rontxo na nsmnnnom
nsanmocrnnn cnn ymnno xnsnn.

3 (1917)
H KH
X3 X
Vnaxamt amt n rocnoa! a cnona nnrt nac nocn ronunoro ntna
n noonxnrt namn ct. nomnom roy x nsnoxnn nam ncnxoanannrnucxym
asaorxy nonm omnountx crnn n cnonnnn; rnt x xorn t
nncrn nac n nonnmann nnornucxnx xnnnn, xorot, xax nt cxoo
ysnar, nmmr mnoro omro xax c rmn, rax n c yrnmn. o cxaxy saan,
uro na +ror as x n mory nocrannrt nam ro x nonoxnn no ornomnnm x
c, uro n nomnom roy. ora ono oxcnxnoct rm, uro x n mor cnart
nn onoro mara, n cornaconan ro c namnm cyxnnm, x mnoro ncxyrnonan
c namn, cunrancx c namnmn nosaxnnxmn, nnsnanan, cocrnnno, nac n nam
"sant cmtcn" sa ntcmym nn-
crannnm. antm rax noonxartcx n moxr, nnum no ount nocro
nnunn. mnount crnnx n cnonnnnx xax ]nomnt n tnn nam
nsnaxomt; moxno cxasart, uro y nac tno crontxo x ontra, cxontxo n y
mnx, nnn nt nrxo mornn nnocrn raxo x ontr. o onacrt nnoson nam
uyxa; nocxontxy nt camn n naun, y nac nr x n nnxaxoro nnoro ocryna,
xom monx coomnn, a uro snaunr camo nyum cyxnn, cnn nr
snaxomcrna c marnanom, nonxamnm ocyxnnm.
naxo n nomnr moro saxnnnnx n rom cmtcn, uro x conamct unrart nam
ormarnucxn nxnnn n onnamct roro, urot nt nnmnno nnnxnn nx na
ny. axo noasymnn tno t ontmo ncnannnnocrtm no ornomnnm
xo mn. n xouy nanxstnart nnxaxnx yxnn - x namn noynrt namy
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mtcnt n noxonart nyxnnx. cnn ns-sa ]axrnucxoro nsnannx nt n n
cocroxnnn nmrt cyxnnx, ro nam n cnyr nn nnrt, nn ornnart. t
onxnt cnymart n n nornnnrtcx noscrnnm roro, o um x nam accxaxy.
Vxnnx nnoramrcx n rax nrxo, a cnn x nnm nnxoxr s rya, ro
onn cxoo rxmr cnom snaunmocrt n oxastnamrcx n cnocontmn x
conornnnnnm. ano na yxnn nmr rontxo ror, xro noono mn mnorn
rot aoran na onnm n rm x marnanom n cam nnon nn +rom ror x
nont ynnnrntnt ontr. K umy noom n nnrnnxryantno onacrn +rn
cxoocnnt yxnnx, monnnnocno oamnn n nnym ny, momnrantnt
orxas or n? asn nt n samuar, uro "con de Ioudre", nmont c
nnoro nsrnxa, noncxonr concm ns yro - a]]xrnnno - onacrn? ax
or namnx nannnron mt n rym, urot onn nnxonnn x nam c yxnnm
nnn roronnocrtm crart croonnnxamn ncnxoanannsa. acro +ro ax ntstnar
noosnnx. naroxnarntnt cxncnc - nor camax xnarntnax nx nac nx
ycranonxa. ax uro n nt
nontrarct nonnxnyrtcx ncnxoanannrnucxnmn nsrnxamn naxy c
omnnnxrtmn nnn ncnxnarnucxnmn(1), noxa n ncrannrcx cnyua, xora
onn nonnnxmr yr na yra, cooasymrcx yr c yrom n onnxrcx n
ono oxonuarntno yxnn.
o c yro croont, nt nn mnnyrt n onxnt nonarart, uro nsnaramt mnom
ncnxoanannrnucxn nsrnxt xnnxmrcx cnxynxrnnno cncrmo. 3ro, nanornn,
ontr - nno nnoccrnnno nnuarnnn or nanmnnx, nno syntrar ro
naorxn. nnxrcx nn +ra naorxa ocrarouno n onananno,
ntxcnnrcx n xo antnmro asnnrnx nayxn, a no nomcrnnn nourn nyx c
nononnno cxrnnrn, ocrnrnyn onontno ncranoro nosacra, x s
xnacroncrna cmm cxasart, uro aora, anmax +rn nanmnnx, tna oconno
rxxno, nnrncnnno n yrnynnno. V mnx uacro cosananoct nnuarnnn,
yro namn nornnnnxn conmnno n xorxr nnnnmart no nnnmann +ro
noncxoxnn namnx yrnxnn, xax yro onn nonaramr, uro no nr
ncro nnmt o cyxrnnntx nxx, xorotm yro moxr
- ---------------------------------------
(1) cnxoananns nn nsyunnn nnoson ncrynnn n xon]onrannm c ncnxnarn
xax asnom mnnnnt. ncnxnarnn rocnocrnonana onnrannx
(oycnonnnnax yxonnnocrtm nonxrn n crcrnnnonayunom noxo x
+rnonornn saonnann) na ntxnnnn orannucxnx nnunn naronornucxnx
nonccon. cnxoananns x, ncxox ns nnnnnna ncnxnucxo nnunnnocrn,
ncxan +rn nnunnt n c] ccosnarntno ncnxnxn sornocnrntno x
]nsnonornucxnm (norymoantntm) mxannsmam, xorotmn oycnonnno
]ynxnnonnonann. Kon]onrannx ncnxoanannsa c ncnxnarn noonxanact n
nocn ua. xorot conmnnt xonnnnnn ntramrcx narn xomnomnccno
mnn, connnn ncnxoanannrnucxym rxnnxy c ncnontsonannm
ncnxo]amaxonornucxnx ccrn n yrnx mroon noscrnnx na
xrntnocrt rononnoro mosra.
nornnonocrannrt cno cocrnnno mnnn. 3ro nonnn nornnnnxon mn n
concm nonxrno. Moxr trt, +ro noncxonr or roro, uro naun otuno rax
syuacrnt x nnnoontntm, rax nnnnmarntno ntcnymnnamr, uro onn xorxr
cxasart, uro nm xaxrcx cranno nosmoxnocrt nonyunrt ns nx coomnn
uro-ro nnno, r. . nononrt na nnmn ctsnt nanmnnx. +ro cnxsn
x omam nam, uro, unrax +rn nxnnn, x yy mano nonmnsnonart, oconno
c orntntmn nnnamn. n cmor ynrtcx n nannntnocrn nonoxnnx, uro
cno - orn ncx nm. ymam, on noncxonr ns rucxo co]ncrnxn n
craar, xax n ona, nonnxo nanxrnxn. Mn x, nanornn, xasanoct,
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uro rax nastnamax nayunax nonmnxa n omm onontno cnnona, n ronox
yx o rom, uro ona nourn ncra nrcx xan nnuno. cxontxo nr nasa
n x mor noxnannrtcx, uro xora-ro ncrynnn n nacroxmn nayunt cno c
onnm-nncrnnntm nccnonarnm (nn]ntom ns Mmnxna). no
xonunnoct rm, uro mt crann ystxmn n ocramcx nmn o cronxmnro nx.
naxo x anno n nonroxn +ror ontr, rax xax n tn ynn n noonom
ncxo(1).
- ---------------------------------------
(1) rnomnn ua x nayuno nonmnx xax ccrny asnnrnx snann,
ornnann nosnrnnno onn n +rom asnnrnn oraxamr cuncnnnt
xon]nnxrt nnyrn ncnxoanannrnucxoro nnxnnx, xnrnxy ro croonnnxamn
yr yra, nnnmym x acnay +roro nnxnnx na mnoxcrno mxon n
nanannnn.
anon sxnmn oxasannct asnornacnx ua c ro nnxamnmn
nnnxnnamn: ancrncxnm ncnxonorom nt]om nom (170-1937),
asnnnmnm cnom xonnnnnm nnnnnyantno ncnxonornn, rnanntm oxcnnrntntm
nonxrnm xoroo xnnxnoct nonxrn o xomnnxc nnonnonnnocrn xax nnunn
nnoson, n mnnacxnm ncnxonorom Kanom nrom (175-1961), ocnonanmnm
rax nastnamym anannrnucxym ncnxonornm.
t, noxany, noymar, uro raxo orxas or nnraryno ncxyccnn
cnnrntcrnyr o oconno ontmo nrnnmocrn x nosaxnnxm, o
camomnnnn nnn, xax nmsno ntaxamrcx n nayx, o "nommarntcrn". a +ro
x xorn t nam ornrnrt, uro cnn nt xora-nnyt nnorr xaxo-ro
yxnn naroax raxomy rxxnomy ryy, y nac rox yr nsncrno
nano nnxnnartcx +roro yxnnx c nxorotm ynocrnom. an x mory
nnncrn n xaucrn onoa n ro, uro no nmx cno aort x mon]nnnonan
cnon nsrnxt no nxorotm naxntm nonocam, mnxn nx, samnxn nontmn, o
um, asymrcx, xaxt as nan nynnunt coomnnx. xaxon syntrar
+ro orxonnnocrn? nn noom n ysnann o nncnntx mnom camnm nonanxax
n m cronx xnrnxymr mnx sa nonoxnnx, xorot anno n nmmr nx mnx
nxnro snaunnx. yrn ynxamr mnx nmnno n +rnx nmnax n cunramr
no+romy nnaxntm. nana nn, xro ncxontxo as nomnxn cnon nsrnxt,
ror noom n sacnyxnnar onnx, noromy uro nrxo onycrnrt, uro n n
cnonx nocnnnx yrnxnnxx on mor omnnrtcx? o roro, xro nyxnonno
nnxnnarcx onaxt ntcxasannoro, cunramr ynxmtm n nastnamr
nommanntm. ro x nart n nnnom +rnx nornnounntx saxnmunn
xnrnxn, xax n ocranartcx camnm coo n ncrn cx rax, xax nocxastnar
cocrnnno mnnn? a +ro x n mnncx n n am yxart cx or nncnnx
nsmnnn n nonanox no nc mon ronn, xorotx ryr mo acrymn ontr.
ocnonononarammnx nsrnxax x o cnx no n namn nnuro, uro tno t
noxonmo nsmnnrt, n namct, uro rax yr n antm.
rax, x namn nsnoxnrt nam ncnxoanannrnucxo nonnmann nnornucxnx
xnnnn. n +rom crcrnnno coorncrn nx c yx nsyunntmn ]nomnamn xax
ncncrnn nx ananornn, rax n xonracra. au-
ny c cnmnromarnucxoro crnnx, xoroo x nanmam y mnornx nnn no nmx
nnma. rmn, xro nnxonr x nam n nnmnt uact, urot sa urnrt uaca
accxasart o nnsroax cno onro xnsnn, anannrnx cnar n mnoro. ro
on rnyoxo snann n nosnonxr my ntcxasart saxnmunn, xax +ro
cnan t yro nau: "t soont" - n art conr: nonar nontmo
xyc noonunnx. nn nam xonnra na nonoc, uro on nar co cnonmn
nannnramn no nmx nnma, ornrnn, noxnmax nnuamn: on nanarar na nnx
mra] n crontxo-ro xon sa nx manocrn. ax uro nt n ynnnxrct, ycntman,
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uro ax y camtx sanxrtx ncnxoanannrnxon no nmx nnma tnar n
ount-ro oxnnnnno. ycronn mxy nnmno n cnonm xannrom nonym
nt n nnxasan onrt nonoxom. asnaunn +roro manntxoro
nncnoconnnx n ntstnar comnnnx. nor nocroxnno cnyuarcx, uro
nannnrt, xorotx x nnycxam ns nnmno, satnamr saxtrt sa coo nn n
no+romy nourn ncra o nn ocramrcx orxtrtmn. 3amrnn +ro, x onontno
nnmsntm ronom nacrannam na rom, urot nommn nnn nommax - yt ro
+nranrnt rocnonn nnn ount ac]anunnax ama - nnyncx n ncnannn
cnom omnxy. 3ro nonsnonr nnuarnnn nymcrno nanrnunocrn. raxnm
ronannm mn cnyuanoct nonaart n nnocax, xora no xacanoct nnn,
xorot camn n moryr nnxacartcx x nno yux n at, cnn
cononoxammn nx nnna ocnooxamr nx or +roro nnxocnonnnx. o n
ontmnncrn cnyuan x tnan nan, noromy uro ror, xro ocrannxr orxtro
nt ns nnmno n xannr naua, nnnanxnr x yno nocnnranntm nmxm n
sacnyxnnar camoro nnnnrnnnoro nnma. ncranar casy na nx
croony, n ntcnyman ncro. 3ra nxnocrt nannnra nmr mcro rontxo n
rom cnyua, cnn on tn n nnmno onn n ocrannxr sa coo nycrym
xomnary, no +roro
nnxora n cnyuarcx, cnn c nnm nmcr oxnamr yrn, nocroonnn.
+rom nocnnm cnyua on nxacno nonnmar, uro n ro nnrcax, urot
ro n nocnymnnann, xora on rononr c nauom, n on nnxora n sayr
rmarntno saxtrt o nn.
rmnnnonanno raxnm oasom ynymnn nannnra n xnnxrcx nn
cnyuantm, nn ccmtcnnntm, nn ax nsnaunrntntm, noromy uro, xax mt
ynnnm, ono onnxr ornomnn nannnra x nauy. annnr nnnanxnr x
ontmomy uncny rx, xro ryr or naua nonnnno nnacrn, xour trt
ocnnnnntm, sanyranntm. Moxr trt, cnamnnax no rn]ony, n xaxo nmx
my nyum ncro nnrn, on accunrtnan ynnrt ronny xaxymnx nomomn, xax
n ]nnnanom ananns +roro nsnaunrntnoro cnmnromarnucxoro crnnx
nt n nar nnuro raxoro, uro n tno t nam yx snaxomo, a nmnno
yrnxnn, uro ono n cnyuano, a nmr xaxo-ro mornn, cmtcn n
namnn, uro ono nxonr n xaxym-ro ymnnym cnxst n cnnrntcrnyr xax
nsnaunrntnt nnsnax o xaxom-ro on naxnom ymnnom noncc. o
nx ncro
- ---------------------------------------
* oonontcrnnnt marasnnt ]nmt, n xorotmn n nonno nmx croxnn
oun noxynarn. - nm. nm. ns.
+ror noxnnnmncx raxnm oasom noncc n nsncrn cosnannm roro, xro ro
conmar, noromy uro nn onn ns nannnron, ocrannxnmnx orxtrtmn o
nn, n nnsnancx t, uro +rnm ynymnnm on xorn ntasnrt mn cno
nnournn. no, noxany, n nnnomnnr uyncrno asouaonannx nn nxo n
nycrym nnmnym, no cnxst mxy +rnm nnuarnnnm n cnymmnm sa nnm
cnmnromarnucxnm crnnm nannxxa ocranact nnomo ro cosnannm.
rnt x +romy nontmomy anannsy cnmnromarnucxoro crnnx anar
nnnnum nanmnn sa ono ontno. ntnam raxo cnyua, xorot
cnx y mnx n namxrn, raxx n noromy, uro ro moxno ornocnrntno xarxo
nsnoxnrt. nmom raxom coomnnn nocro nnosmoxno nsxart nxorotx
noonocr.
Monoo o]nn, nnaonro nnynmncx n ornycx, nocnr mnx nonunrt ro
rmy, xoroax, ncmorx na camt naronnxrnt ycnonnx, orannxr xnsnt
c n cnonm nnsxnm, oxnmax ccmtcnnno n. snaxomnmct c
53-nrn xoomo coxannnmcx amo nmsnoro n nocroro xaaxra,
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xoroax s conornnnnnx accxastnar mn cnymm. na xnnr sa rooom
n camom cuacrnnnom ax co cnonm myxm, ynannxmmnm ontmo ]anxo. na
n moxr naxnannrtcx nmsno saornnnocrtm cnoro myxa. 30 nr romy nasa
ona ntmna samyx no nmnn, c rx no nnxora n tno nn onoro
noasymnnx, asnornacnx nnn nonoa nx nnocrn. no r
cuacrnnnt n ax, myx ns uyncrna onra n xour nrn na noxo. Io romy
nasa cnyunnoct nuro nnoxrno, nnonxrno camo: ona casy nonnna
anonnmnomy nnctmy, n xoroom nxacnt myx onnnxncx n nmonno cnxsn
c monoo nymxo, n c rx no cuacrt asnro. noonocrxx no
saxnmuanoct
nnmno n cnymmm: y n tna ronnunax, c xoroo ona, noxany,
cnnmxom uacro nna nnrnmnt asronot. 3ra nymxa ncnonana yrym
nxmo-raxn co snono naxnocrtm, noromy uro ra roaso ontm
nycnna n xnsnn, xorx tna nnmt uyrt nyumro noncxoxnnx. mcro roro
urot nocrynnrt na cnyxy, ona nonyunna xommucxo oasonann,
nocrynnna na ]anxy n ncncrnn nocrarxa nconana ns-sa nnstna
cnyxamnx na nonnym cnyxy ntnnnynact na xoom mcro. nt ona xnna
na camo ]anx, namanact cn rocno n ax nastnanact atmn.
rcranmax na xnsnnnom nonnm, crcrnnno, tna rorona narononrt na
tnmym mxontnym noyry ncnosmoxntx raocr. naxt nama ama
conana c ronnuno o onom rocrnnmm y nnx craom rocnonn, o
xoroom snann, uro on n xnn co cno xno, a nmn cnxst c yro. na n
snar, xax +ro ntmno, uro ona nyr cxasana: "nx mnx tno t camtm
yxacntm, cnn t x ysnana, uro mo ot myx rox nmr cnxst". a
cnymmn nt ona nonyunna no nour anonnmno nnctmo, n xoroom
nsmnnntm nouxom coomanoct +ro xax t naxnnxanno m nsncrn. na
mnna - n noxrno, nannntno, - uro nnctmo - no yx osnonnno
ronnuno, noromy uro nosnmnnno myxa tna nasnana nmnno ra atmnx,
xoroym cnyxanxa ncnonana cno nnanncrtm. o xorx ona roruac
nacxnost ynnna ncm nnrnry n snana n cno oxyr ocrarouno nnmon,
cnnrntcrnymmnx o rom, xax mano onnx sacnyxnnamr raxn rycnnnt
onoct, cnyunnoct rax, uro +ro nnctmo casy casnno. oxnarnno
cramno nosyxnn, n ona roruac nocnana sa myxm, urot ntasnrt my
camt xcroxn ynxn. Myx co cmxom ornnan onnnnn n cnan camo
nyum, uro tno nosmoxno. n nosnan omamnro n ]anunoro
naua, xorot nocraancx ycnoxonrt ncuacrnym xnmnny. antnmn
crnnx oonx tnn rox nnonn naroasymnt. Ionnuno tno orxasano,
onaxo mnnmax connnna ocranact. rx no ontnax nonoxarno
ycnoxannanact nacrontxo, uro ontm n nnna coxannm anonnmnoro
nnctma, no +ro ycnoxonn nnxora n tno nonntm n noonxnrntntm.
ocrarouno tno ycntmart nmx ro atmnn nnn ncrrnrt na ynnn, urot
ntsnart y n nont ncnncx nonnx, onn n ynxon.
or ncronx onsnn +ro cnanno xnmnnt. nyxn ontmo ncnxnarnucxn
ontr, urot nonxrt, uro n nornnononoxnocrt yrnm nnnoontntm ona
nsoasnna cnom onsnt cxo cnnmxom mxrxo, xax mt rononm,
nccnmynnonana, n uro, n cymnocrn, ona nnxora n rxna nt n onnnnnx
anonnmnoro nnctma.
Kaxym nosnnnm samr ncnxnar n +rom cnyua onsnn? Kax on nonr cx n
cnyua cnmnromarnucxoro crnnx nannnra, n saxtnammro nn n
nnmnym, mt yx snam. n oxnnxr ro nnmnno ncnxonornucxoro
nnrca cnyuanocrtm, xoroax ro nncxontxo n xacarcx. o x cnyuam
onsnn nnnno xnmnnt raxoro ornomnnx trt n moxr. nmnromarnucxo
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crnn xaxrcx um-ro sasnnuntm, no n cnmnrom onsnn nnnrcx nuro
snaunrntno. n cnxsan c nnrncnnntm cyxrnnntm craannm, on
oxrnnno yroxar conmcrno xnsnn cmtn, rax uro xnnxrcx nmrom
nnsxnoro nnrca nx ncnxnara. nauana ncnxnar ntrarcx
xaaxrnsonart cnmnrom no ro cymcrnnnomy cnocrny. amy no c nm,
xoroo myuarcx +ra xnmnna, nntsx nasnart ccmtcnnno; nt tnar,
uro nmonot myxtx sanxstnamr nmonnt ornomnnx c monotmn nymxamn. o
uro-ro yro n +rom ccmtcnnno n
nnonxrno. V nannnrxn nr nnxaxoro yroro ocnonannx, xom yrnxnnx
anonnmnoro nnctma, nnrt n ro, uro nxnt n nnt cynyr ornocnrcx x
+ro concm n xo xarronn myx. na snar, uro +ro nnctmo n nmr
nnxaxo oxasarntno cnnt, ona n cocroxnnn yonnrnonrntno oxcnnrt
ro noncxoxnn; ona onxna tna t cx ynnrt, uro y n nr nnxaxnx
nonoon nx nnocrn, ona n rononr +ro c n rm n mn craar rax
x, xax cnn t ona nnsnanana +ry nnocrt conmnno onananno. n
raxoro oa, nnonnacrnt nornucxnm n nymnm or antnocrn arymnram,
nnnxro nastnart ontmn nxmn. Mnnax ama craar, raxnm oasom,
om nnocrn. axona, noxany, camax cymcrnnnax xaaxrncrnxa +roro
cnyuax onsnn.
ocn +ro nno xoncrarannn nam ncnxnarnucxn nnrc nosacrar xax
yro m ontm. cnn c ono n nntsx noxonunrt cctnxo na
antnocrt, ro, noxany, ona n n nmr xon n antnocrn. rxya x ona
rora noncxonr? ont nn tnamr camoro asnooasnoro coxannx,
noumy n namm cnyua coxannm a xnnxrcx nmnno nnocrt? V xoro
oasymrcx ont nn n, n uacrnocrn, ont nn nnocrn? yr nam
t xornoct nocnymart ncnxnara, no sct-ro on nac n nonr. n noom
ocranonnrcx rontxo na onom-nncrnnnom ns namnx nonocon. n yr
nsyuart ncronm cmtn +ro xnmnnt n, moxr trt, ornrnr nam: ont
nn tnamr y raxnx nnn, n cmt xorotx nonoxarno ncruannct noont
nnn yrn ncnxnucxn naymnnx. yrnmn cnonamn, cnn y +ro xnmnnt
asnnnact onax nx, ro y n tno x +romy nacncrnnno
nacnonoxnn. 3ro, xonuno, xo-uro, no asn nc, uro mt xornm snart?
c, uro nocnyxnno nnunno onsnn? nyr nn nam
onontcrnonartcx nnonoxnnm, uro cnn nmcro xaxoro-nnyt yroro
asnnncx nnocrn, +ro n nmr snaunnx, cnyuano n noxcnnmo?
cnyr nn nam nonxrt nonoxnn, saxnnxmm o nonaannn nacncrnnnoro
nnnxnnx, n n ornnarntnom cmtcn: sasnnuno, xaxn nxnnannx norxcnn
+ry ymy, as tno nonnno xora-ro saonrt nommarntcrnom? t
saxornr ysnart, noumy nayunax ncnxnarnx n xnar art nam nnxaxnx
antnmnx oxcnnn. o x nam ornuy: nnyr ror, xro ar ontm, um
nmr. t ncnxnar xax as n n snar nyrn, nymro x antnmmy
nonnmannm raxoro cnyuax. n ntnyxn onontcrnonartcx narnosom n
nynnntm nornosom antnmro runnx onsnn, ncmorx na orart
ontr.
o moxr nn ncnxoananns ocrnut n +rom cnyua ontmro? comnnno;
namct noxasart nam, uro ax n cront rynom cnyua on cnocon orxtrt
nuro raxo, uro ar nosmoxnocrt camoro rnyoxoro nonnxnonnnx n cyrt
na. o-nntx, nomy oarnrt nam nnnmann na ry nsnaunrntnym rant,
uro nannnrxa nxmo cnononnonana anonnmno nnctmo, na xoroom ocnonana
onax nx, ntcxasan naxanyn nnrnranx mtcnt, uro nx n tno t
nnnuamnm ncuacrtm, cnn t myx nmn nmonnym cnxst c monoo
nymxo. 3rnm ona nanna cnyxanxy na mtcnt nocnart anonnmno nnctmo.
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ax uro onax nx nnorar nsncrnym nsanncnmocrt or anonnmnoro
nnctma; ona yx o nro nmnact y ontno n ]om onacnnx - nnn xnannx.
nantr x +romy m ro, uro ann na uaca anannsa yrnx nsnaunrntntx
namxon. ana, nannnrxa orncnact ount ornnarntno x ronannm nocn
accxasa cno ncronn coomnrt antnmn asmtmnnnx, nnxoxmn n
ronony mtcnn n nocnomnnannx. na yrnx-
ana, uro nnuro n nnxonr n ronony, uro ona yx nc cxasana, n us
na uaca nontrxa antnm ct c n crnnrntno ntnyxna tna
nxarnrtcx, rax xax ona saxnnna, uro uyncrnyr cx yx soono n
ynna, uro onsnnnax nx ontm n noxnnrcx. na cxasana +ro,
xonuno, rontxo ns conornnnnnx n craxa n noonxnnm anannsa. o
sa +rn na uaca ona nc-raxn oonnna ncxontxo samuann, xorot
onycxamr onnnno ronxonann, ax namr ro nnsxntm, n +ro
ronxonann nonnnar xxn cnr na noncxoxnn a nnocrn. na
cama tna cnntno nnmnna n monooro unonxa, roro camoro sxrx, no
nacroxnnm xorooro oarnnact xo mn xax nannnrxa. +ro nnmnnnocrn
ona nnuro n snana nnn, moxr trt, snana ount mano; nn cymcrnonanmnx
ocrnnntx ornomnnxx +ra nnmnnnocrt morna nrxo macxnonartcx no
sonnym nxnocrt. n ncm namm ontr nam nryno nonnxnyrt n
ymnnym xnsnt +ro 53-nrn noxouno xnmnnt n xoom marn. axax
nnmnnnocrt, xax nuro uyonnmno, nnosmoxno, n morna crart
cosnarntno; onaxo ona ocrananact n xax ccosnarntnax nxana rxxntm
rysom. ro-ro onxno tno c n nonsorn, xaxo-ro ntxo onxn tn trt
nan, n camo nocro onrunn nocrannn mxannsm cmmnnx, xorot
rax uacro yuacrnyr n nosnnxnonnnn ono nnocrn. cnn n rontxo ona,
craax xnmnna, nnmnna n monooro myxunny, no n crat myx
noxnnar nmonnym cnxst c monoo nymxo, ro ona ocnooxanact t or
ynxon concrn ns-sa nnnocrn. uanrasnx o nnnocrn myxa tna, raxnm
oasom, oxnaxammnm xomnccom na xryuym any. cocrnnnax nmont
n ocosnananact m, no oraxnn, ananm raxn nnmymcrna,
nanxsunno ocosnananoct n nn
a. c onot nornn nro, asymrcx, n ocrnrann nnn, noromy uro
nanannxnnct nnmt nornn oraxnnx, a n nornn nnonauantnoro oasa,
xoroomy ono tno oxsano cno cnno n xorot nnnxocnonnno ocranancx
cxtrtm n ccosnarntnom.
rnt conocrannm, uro nam an nx nonnmannx +roro cnyuax onsnn
xoorxn, no sarynnnt ncnxoananns. asymrcx, nn ycnonnn, uro namn
cnnnx nonyunt nannntno, uro x c namn n mory sct ocyxart.
o-nntx, onax nx n xnnxrcx ontm um-ro ccmtcnnntm nnn
nnonxrntm, ona ocmtcnnna, xoomo mornnnonana, cnxsana c a]]xrnnntm
nxnnannm ontno. o-nrotx, ona ncrannxr coo noxonmym
axnnm na ccosnarntnt ymnnt noncc, yratnamt no yrnm
nnsnaxam, n oxsana cnonm ontm xaaxrom nmnno +romy ornomnnm, ro
ycrounnocrn n narncxom nornxn n antnocrn. na cama crt uro-ro
xnanno, cnoro oa yrmnn. -rrtnx, nxnnannm, nsanncnmo or
saonnannx, nnycmtcnnno onnxrcx noxnnnn nmnno ono nn
nnocrn, a n xaxo-nnyt yro. t nt nomnnr, uro ona naxanyn
ntcxasana nnrnranx mtcnt, uro nx n tno t camtm yxacntm, cnn t
myx oxasancx nnntm . ocrannxr s nnnmannx raxx o ananornn c
noanannsnonanntm namn cnmnromarnucxnm crnnm, nmmmn naxno
snaunn nx oxcnnnx cmtcna nnn namnnx n onnnnx ornomnnx x
nmmmmycx n +ro cnryannn ccosnarntnomy.
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asymrcx, rm camtm n arcx ornra na nc nonoct, xorot mt mornn
nocrannrt n cnxsn c +rnm cnyuam. ontm roro, +ror cnyua onsnn nonon
yrnx nonm, raxnx, xorot noxa noom nasmnmt, n yrnx, xorot
n moryr trt mnt ncncrnn nxorotx nnaronnxrntx ycnonn.
annm, noumy +ra cuacrnnnax n ax xnmnna noarcx nnmnnno -
rn n cnoro sxrx, n noumy onrunn, xoroo morno t trt ocrnrnyro n
yrnm cnocoom, ocymcrnnxrcx n ]om raxoro oraxnnx, noxnnn cnoro
cocrnnnoro cocroxnnx na myxa? o n ymar, uro crannrt raxn nonoct
moxno rontxo ns nasnoro nmontrcrna. namm acnoxxnnn yx crt
nxorot marnan nx nosmoxnoro ornra na nnx. annnrxa naxonrcx n rom
xnrnucxom nosacr, xora cxcyantnax nornocrt y xnmnn nyr
nxnarntno nosacrar; +roro onoro yx ocrarouno. nn x +romy morno
nnconnnrtcx ro, uro ot n nnt cynyr yx n runn ncxontxnx
nr n onaar ro cxcyantno cnoconocrtm, n xoroo nyxanact xoomo
coxannnmaxcx xnmnna nx cnoro yonnrnonnx. ntr oarnn nam
nnnmann na ro, uro nmnno raxn myxunnt, nnocrt xorotx nnonn
crcrnnna, ornnuamrcx ocoo nxnocrtm n oamnnn co cnonmn xnamn n
notxnonnno rnnmocrtm x nx nnntm nyram. an, nsasnnuno, uro
nmnno monoo myx oun cran oxrom +ro narornno nnmnnnocrn.
nntnax +ornucxax nnnxsannocrt x oun, oycnonnnnax n xonunom cur
cxcyantno xoncrnrynn marn, uacro naxonr cno noonxnn n raxom
nnamnnn. mm nam nanomnnrt n +ro cnxsn, uro ornomnnx mxy rm n
sxrm c annnx no cunrannct y nm oconno mxornnntmn n y nnotrntx
naoon ann nono nx ount crornx nnncann ray n "nsrannx" yr
yra.* 3rn ornomnnx uacro nxoxr xnarntnym xyntrynym rannny xax n
nonoxnrntnym, rax n n ornnarntnym croony. Kaxo ns +rnx rx momnron
noxnnncx n namm cnyua, na nn ns nnx, nc nn onn connnnnct, +roro x
nam, nana, cxasart n mory, no rontxo noromy, uro y mnx n tno
nosmoxnocrn noonxnrt ananns annoro cnyuax ontm nyx uacon.
- ---------------------------------------
* .: orm n ray.
nt x samuam, ynaxamt amt n rocnoa, uro nc nmx rononn o nmax,
x nonnmannm xorotx nt m n nororonnnt. cnan +ro nx roro, urot
cannnrt ncnxnarnm c ncnxoanannsom. rnt x xouy cnocnrt nac o
onom: samrnnn nt xaxo-nnyt nornnoun mxy nnmn? cnxnarnx n
nontsyrcx rxnnucxnmn mroamn ncnxoanannsa, ona n noyr cnxstnart
uro-ro c coxannm ono nn n, yxastnax na nacncrnnnocrt, ar
nam ount omym n orannnym +rnonornm, nmcro roro urot noxasart on
uacrnt n nnsxn nnunnt. o asn n +rom xorcx nornnoun,
nornnononoxnocrt? xnnxrcx nn +ro cxo yconmncrnonannm? asn
nnsnann nacncrnnnoro ]axroa ymanxr ont nxnnannx, n
onnxmrcx nn oa ]axroa camtm crnnntm oasom? t cornacnrct co
mno, uro, no cymcrny, n ncnxnarnucxo aor nr nnuro, uro morno t
nornnounrt ncnxoanannrnucxomy nccnonannm. ax uro ncnxnart
nornnxrcx ncnxoanannsy, a n ncnxnarnx. cnxoananns ornocnrcx x
ncnxnarnn nnnnsnrntno xax rncronornx x anaromnn: ona nsyuar nnmnn
]omt oranon, yrax - nx cronn ns rxan n +nmnrantx uacrnux.
ornnoun mxy +rnmn nymx nnamn nsyunnx, ono ns xorotx noonxar
yro, nocro ryno c ncrannrt. t snar, uro cronx anaromnx
cunrarcx ocnono nayuno mnnnnt, no tno nmx, xora ncxtnart
unonucxn rynt nx roro urot nosnaxomnrtcx c nnyrnnnm cronnm
rna, tno rax x sanmno, xax cronx xaxrcx nocynrntntm
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sannmartcx ncnxoanannsom, urot ysnart o nnyrnnm mxannsm ymnno
xnsnn. moxr trt, n nanxom yymm mt nomm, uro rnyoxo nayunax
ncnxnarnx nnosmoxna s xoomro snannx rnyoxo nxamnx, ccosnarntntx
nonccon n ymnno xnsnn.
osmoxno, cn nac nayrcx n croonnnxn cront nnannnmoro ncnxoanannsa,
xorotm yr nnxrno, cnn on cmoxr onanartcx c yro,
rannrnucxo croont. t snar, uro nama cronxmnxx ncnxnarnucxax
rannx n n cocroxnnn noscrnonart na ont nn. Moxr trt,
ncnxoananns naroax cnonm nsrnxam na mxannsm
MH KH
mtcn cnmnromon
Vnaxamt amt n rocnoa! a nomno nxnnn x rononn nam, uro xnnnnucxax
ncnxnarnx oamar mano nnnmannx na ]omy noxnnnnx n coxann
orntnoro cnmnroma, a ncnxoananns nmnno c +roro naunnan n ycranonnn
nx ncro, uro cnmnrom ocmtcnn n cnxsan c nxnnannm ontnoro. mtcn
nnornucxnx cnmnromon tn orxtr cnauana . om naroax nsyunnm
n ycnmnomy nsnunnm onoro cnyuax ncrnn, cranmro c rx no snamnnrtm
(10-12). no, uro t an nsanncnmo |23|
coxo onnnnan sacnyry . an n oxcnnnn nnornucxnx cnmnromon, rax
xax on nonnman nx xax ntaxnn idees inconscientes,* nnammnx ontntmn.
o nocn roro an c usntuano cxannocrtm ntcxastnancx raxnm
oasom, xax yro xorn nnsnartcx, uro ccosnarntno tno nx nro n
um nntm, xax cnocoom ntaxnnx, ncnomorarntntm ccrnom, nn Iacon de
parler,** no +rnm on n noasymnan nnuro antnoro. rx no x ontm
n nonnmam accyxnn an, no nonaram, uro on conmnno nanacno nnmnn
cx mnornx sacnyr.
rax, nnornucxn cnmnromt, xax omnount crnnx, xax cnonnnnx,
nmmr cno cmtcn n rax x, xax onn, no-cnomy cnxsant c xnsntm nnn, y
xorotx onn onayxnnamrcx. 3ror naxnt syntrar nccnonannx mn
xornoct t noxcnnrt nam ncxontxnmn nnmamn. Moxno rontxo yrnxart,
no n oxasart, uro rax tnar ncra n no ncx cnyuaxx. or, xro
nontrarcx nnocrn cno cocrnnnt ontr, ynrcx n +rom. o no
nsncrntm cooaxnnxm x nostmy +rn nnmt n ns onacrn ncrnn, a ns
onacrn yroro, nctma crannoro, n nnnnnn ount nnsxoro nnosa, o
xoroom x onxn nam cxasart ncxontxo nnontx cnon. 3ror rax nastnamt
nnos nanxsunntx cocroxnn n cront nonynxn, xax ncm nsncrnax
ncrnx; on, cnn moxno rax ntasnrtcx, n cront ntstnamm mymnnn,
ntcrynar cxo uacrntm nom ontnoro, nourn nonnocrtm orxastnarcx or
comarnucxnx noxnnnn n nc cnon cnmnromt cosar n ymnno onacrn.
nos nanxsunntx cocroxnn n ncrnx - +ro r ]omt nnornucxoro
saonnannx, na nsyunnn xorotx nx ncro n tn nocron ncnxoananns,
n nunnn xorotx nama rannx
- ---------------------------------------
* ccosnarntntx n (]ann.). - nm. n.
** untm ooorom (]ann.). - nm. . nnoa.
raxx ocrnrar cnoro rnym]a. o nnos nanxsunntx cocroxnn, xorot
oxonr ror saraount cxauox ns ymnnoro n comarnucxo, naroax
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ncnxoanannrnucxomy nccnonannm cran nam, cocrnnno ronox, on xcntm
n snaxomtm, um ncrnx, n mt ysnann, uro onnnnt xann xaaxrnt
nnornucxn urt n nm noxnnxmrcx namnoro su.
nos nanxsunntx cocroxnn ntaxarcx n rom, uro ontnt sanxrt mtcnxmn,
xorotmn onn, cocrnnno, n nnrcymrcx, uyncrnymr n c nmnyntct,
xaxymncx nm nctma uyxtmn, n noyxnnx x crnnxm, ntnonnnn xorotx
xorx n n ocrannxr nm nnxaxoro yonontcrnnx, no orxasartcx or nro onn
nnxax n moryr. Mtcnn (nanxsunnt ncrannnnx) camn no c moryr trt
ccmtcnnntmn nnn x rontxo sasnnuntmn nx nnnnnyyma, uacro onn
conmnno nnnt, no ncxxom cnyua, onn xnnxmrcx syntrarom nanxxnno,
nsnynrntno nx ontnoro mtcnnrntno xrntnocrn, xoroo on ount
noxorno orarcx. ornn cno nonn on onxn sannmartcx camoxonannm n
asymtnart, xax yro no nr o ro camtx naxntx xnsnnntx saauax.
mnyntct, xorot ontno uyncrnyr n c, moryr nonsnonrt raxx
nnuarnnn nnnoro xucrna, no no ontm uacrn onn nmmr camo
cramno coxann, rnna nontrox x conmnnm rxxxnx ncrynnnn, rax
uro ontno n rontxo ornnar nx xax uyxt, no n yxac xnr or nnx n
samnmarcx or nx ncnonnnnx sanramn, orxasamn n orannunnxmn cno
cnoot. n +rom n crnnrntnocrn onn nnxora, nn asy n oxoxr o
ncnonnnnx; n syntrar noxamr rcrno n ocrooxnocrt. o, uro ontno
crnnrntno ncnonnxr xax rax nastnamt nanxsunnt crnnx, -
sonnt, ncomnnno nsnaunrntnt crnnx, no ontm uacrn
nonronnx, nmonnantnt yxam-
nnx xrntnocr otnno xnsnn, ns-sa uro +rn noxonmt ornannnnx
xnsnnntx nornocr: orxo xo cny, ymtnann, ryanr, norynxa -
cranonxrcx n ntcm crnnn noonxnrntntmn n nnamamrcx n nourn
nasmnmt nonmt. onsnnnt ncrannnnx, nmnyntct n crnnx n
orntntx ]omax n cnyuaxx nnosa nanxsunntx cocroxnn couramrcx anxo
n n anntx uacrxx; cymcrnyr cxo nannno nonaannx n 3ro, xonuno,
uyonnmno craann. nonaram, uro camo noysanno ncnxnarnucxo
]anrasnn n yanoct t nnymart nnuro noonoro, n cnn t +roro nntsx
tno nnrt xnnno, nnxro t n mnncx +romy nonnrt. o n
noymar, uro nt oxaxr ontnomy ycnyry, cnn yr ro yronannart
ornnutcx, n sannmartcx +rnmn rnyntmn mtcnxmn, a cnart uro-nnyt
asymno nmcro cnonx nycrxxon. n n cam t +roro xorn, noromy uro ro
cosnann conmnno xcno, on asnxr nam cyxnn o cnonx nanxsunntx
cnmnromax, a on cam nam o +rom accxastnar. n rontxo n moxr nnau;
ro, uro n nnos nanxsunntx cocroxnn notnarcx x crnnm, narcx c
raxo +nrn, nx xoroo, noxrno, nr nnxaxoro cannnnx n nomantno
ymnno xnsnn. n moxr nnmt ono: cmcrnrt, samnnrt, ynornrt nmcro
ono rnyno nn yrym, ncxontxo ocnannnym, nrn or ono
nocrooxnocrn nnn sanra x yromy, ntnonnnrt nmcro onoro
nmonnana yro. n moxr cmcrnrt nanxsunno cocroxnn, no n
ycrannrt ro. noconocrt ncx cnmnromon cnnrartcx noantm or cno
nnonauantno ]omt xnnxrcx rnanno xaaxrno uro ro onsnn; xo-
m roro, ocarcx n rnasa, uro nornnononoxnocrn (nonxnocrn), xorotmn
nonna ymnnax xnsnt, n ro cocroxnnn noxnnxmrcx oconno sxo
asnnntmn. axy c nanxsunntm cocroxnnm nonoxnrntnoro nnn
ornnarntnoro coxannx n nnrnnxryantno onacrn nosnnxar comnnn,
nocrnnno noraunnamm ax camo naxno n otuntx ycnonnxx. c
nmcr nnnonr xo nc nosacramm nmnrntnocrn, orcyrcrnnm +nrnn,
orannunnm cnoot. n +rom craammn nanxsunntm cocroxnnm nnornx
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ncxono nmr nctma +nrnunt xaaxr, uacro usntuano ynxm, xax
nannno, nnrnnxryantno oan ntm cnro yonnx. o ontm uacrn on
ocrnrar ntcoxo crnnn +rnucxoro asnnrnx, ornnuarcx usmno
concrnnnocrtm, xoxrn ontm otxnonnnoro. Moxr c ncrannrt,
xaxnx ryon cronr xort cxontxo-nnyt asoartcx n +rom nornnounnom
courannn cnocrn xaaxra n cnmnromon onsnn. oxa mt n n crmnmcx nn
x umy yromy, xax x nonnmannm nxorotx cnmnromon +ro onsnn, x trt
moxr, nmx n nny nam ocyxnn, nt saxornr nx ysnart, xax
ornocnrcx x nonmam nnosa nanxsunntx cocroxnn conmnnax ncnxnarnx.
o +ro cnonsno no. cnxnarnx ar asnnuntm nanxsunntm cocroxnnxm
nasnannx, no ontm nnuro n rononr o nnx. 3aro ona nouxnnar, uro
nocnrnn +rnx cnmnromon "rnart". 3ro mano yonnrnoxr, +ro,
cocrnnno, onnxa, cyxnn nmcro oxcnnnx. am cnyr snart, uro
nmnno y nm raxoro cxnaa n ncruamrcx ncnosmoxnt crannocrn. Mt
ax nonaram, uro nnna, y xorotx asnnnamrcx raxn cnmnromt, onxnt trt
or nnot nntmn, um yrn nmn. o xornoct t cnocnrt: xnnxmrcx nn
onn on "rnaramn", um yrn nnnoontnt,
nannm, ncrnxn nnn ontnt ncnxosamn? Xaaxrncrnxa, ounnno, onxrt
cnnmxom omax. moxno ax sacomnnartcx n nannntnocrn, cnn ysnamt,
uro raxn cnmnromt ncruamrcx y samuarntntx nm c oconno ntcoxo n
nonsno nx omcrna aorocnoconocrtm. tuno mt snam mano nnrnmnoro o
namnx oasnono nnnxnx nmxx naroax nx cocrnnno cxtrnocrn n
nxnnocrn nx nora]on, no nnora tnar, uro xro-ro xnnxrcx raxnm
]anarnxom nant, xax 3mnnt 3onx, n rora mt ysnam, cxont mnornmn
cranntmn nanxsunntmn nnntuxamn on craan ncm cnom xnsnt.*
ora ncnxnarnx namna ntxo, ronox o Degeneres superieurs.** xacno -
no naroax ncnxoanannsy mt ysnann, uro +rn crannt nanxsunnt cnmnromt,
xax yrn nyrn n y yrnx nm, nrnaron, moxno naonro
ycrannrt. Mn camomy +ro nonoxarno yananoct.
Xouy nnncrn nam nnmt na nnma anannsa nanxsunnoro cnmnroma, onn ns
annnmnro nanmnnx, xorot x n mory samnnrt nyumnm, n yro,
ncrrnnmncx mn nanno. orannuyct +rnm nsnaunrntntm uncnom
nnmon, noromy uro nn raxom coomnnn nnxonrcx trt ount
ocroxrntntm, nxonrt no nc noonocrn.
na nourn 30-nrnxx ama, craanmax camtmn rxxntmn nanxsunntmn
xnnnnxmn, xoroo x, noxany, nomor t, cnn t xonant cnyua n conan
mo aort, - moxr trt, x m accxaxy nam o +rom - ncxontxo as n
nt nontnana mxy nounm cnymm cranno nanxsunno crnn. na
- ---------------------------------------
* ynys 3. 3mnnt 3onx, mnxo-ncnxonornucxo nccnonann. anx, 196.
** tcmnx rnarax (]ann.). - nm. . nnoa.
ntrana ns cno xomnart n cocnmm, cranonnnact ram na onnnno
mcro y croxnmro nocnn crona, snonnna ronnuno, anana
xaxo-nnyt nsnaunrntno noyunn nnn ornycxana nn c um n sarm
yrana oarno. 3ro, xonuno, n rxxnt onsnnnt cnmnrom, no on mor
nc-raxn ntsnart nmontrcrno. xcnnn xnnnoct camtm crcrnnntm, n
onycxammnm nosaxnn oasom, ncxnmuammnm ncxxo nmmarntcrno co
croont naua. conmnno n ncrannxm c, xax t x mor nnrn x
xaxomy-nno nnonoxnnm o cmtcn +roro nanxsunnoro crnnx, x
xaxomy-nno nnonoxnnm ornocnrntno ro ronxonannx. xontxo x nn
cnamnnan ontnym: "oumy nt +ro nar, xaxo +ro nmr cmtcn?" - ona
ornuana: " n snam". o onaxt, nocn roro xax mn yanoct nooort
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naxno nnnnnnnantno comnnn, ona nyr ocosnana n accxasana nc, uro
nmno ornomnn x nanxsunnomy crnnm. on cxrn nr romy nasa ona
ntmna samyx sa unonxa namnoro cram , xorot oxasancx nmnornrom n
nnym aunym nout. cuncnnno mnoxcrno as nran on ns cno xomnart
n , urot nonronrt nontrxy, no xaxt as sycnmno. Vrom on c
ocao cxasan: "t crtno n ronnuno, xora ona yr ynart
nocrnt", cxnarnn yrtnxy xacntx unnn, xoroax cnyuano oxasanact n
xomnar, n ntnnn coxnmo na nocrtnm, no n na ro mcro, xoroo
morno t nmrt nano na raxo nxrno. nauana x n nonxn, uro omro mxy
+rnm nocnomnnannm n ocyxamtm nanxsunntm crnnm, rax xax naxonn
cxocrno rontxo n nonroxmmmcx ntrann n nrannn n xomnary n xo-uro
m n noxnnnnn ronnuno. ora nannnrxa nonna mnx x crony no nroo
xomnar n noxasana ontmo nxrno na cxarrn. na oxcnnna raxx, uro
cranonnrcx y crona rax,
urot ntsnannax m nymxa n morna n samrnrt nxrna. nt nntsx tno
comnnartcx n nnrnmno cnxsn mxy ro cnno nocn auno noun n
rnmnnm nanxsunntm crnnm; na +rom nnm, onaxo, moxno m
mnoromy noyunrtcx.
x ncro, xcno, uro nannnrxa nnrn]nnnyr cx co cnonm myxm; ona
nrar ro ont, noaxax ro rorn ns ono xomnart n yrym.
nxnnaxct +roro cannnnx, mt onxnt cornacnrtcx an, uro xonart n
nocrtnm ona sammar cronom n cxarrtm. 3ro noxasanoct t nonsnontntm,
no mt n sx nsyuann cnmnonnxy cnonnnn. cnonnnnn xax as ount
uacro nnxr cron, xorot cnyr ronxonart, onaxo, xax xonart. ron n
xonart nmcr cocrannxmr ax, no+romy ono nrxo crannrcx nmcro yroro.
o, uro nanxsunno crnn nmr cmtcn, xax yro yx oxasano; ono
xaxrcx nsoaxnnm, nonronnm ro snaunmo cnnt. o nac nnxro n
sacrannxr orannunnartcx +rnm nnmnnm cxocrnom; cnn mt nccnym
ornomnn mxy oonmn noon, ro, noxrno, nam orxorcx nuro on
rnyoxo - namnn nanxsunnoro crnnx. ro xom, ounnno, xnnxrcx
ntson ronnuno, xoroo ona noxastnar nxrno n nornnononoxnocrt
samuannm cnoro myxa: crtno n nymxo. n, ont xorooro ona
nrar, raxnm oasom, n crtnrcx nymxn; nxrno, cyx no +romy, na
nannntnom mcr. rax, mt nnnm, uro ona n nocro nonronna cnny, a
noonxnna n ncnannna, nnarnn n nannntnym. o +rnm ona ncnannxr
n yro, uro tno rax myunrntno n ry nout n noronano nx ntxoa ns
nonoxnnx xacntx unnn, - nmnornnnm. anxsunno crnn rononr: nr,
+ro nnno, my nuro crtnrtcx ronnuno, on n tn nmnornrom; ono
nsoaxar, xax n cnonn-
nnn, +ro xnann ntnonnnntm n nacroxmm crnnn, ono cnyxnr namnnm
nosntcnrt myxa na roramn nyau.
ma nnannxrcx nc ro, uro x mor t accxasart nam o +ro xnmnn;
nn ronox, nc, uro mt o n m snam, yxastnar nam nyrt x +romy
ronxonannm camoro no c nnonxrnoro nanxsunnoro crnnx. Vx mnoro nr
xnmnna xnnr orntno or cnoro myxa n orcx c namnnm acrornyrt
cno ax no cyy. o n moxr trt n un o rom, urot ona ocnoonnact
or nro; ona ntnyxna ocranartcx my nno, oranxrcx or ncro cnra,
urot n nnacrt n ncxymnn, n cno ]anrasnn ona nsnnnxr n nosnnnunnar
ro. a, camax rnyoxax rana onsnn n rom, uro naroax ona
oxanxr myxa or sntx cnnrn, onantnar cno orannn or nro n ar
my nosmoxnocrt ncrn noxonym orntnym xnsnt. ax ananns sonnoro
nanxsunnoro crnnx ntnonr na nxmo nyrt x camomy rnyoxomy xy
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saonnannx, no n ro x nmx ntar nam snaunrntnym onm rant nnosa
nanxsunntx cocroxnn noom. oxorno saxnnam nam nnnmann na +rom
nnm, noromy uro n nm connxmrcx ycnonnx, xorotx no cnannnnocrn
nntsx ronart or ncx cnyuan. 3ct ontnax casy namna ronxonann
cnmnroma s yxonocrna nnn nmmarntcrna anannrnxa, n ono ocymcrnnnoct
naroax cnxsn c nxnnannm, ornocxmnmcx n x satromy rcxomy
nnoy, xax +ro otuno tnar, a cnyunnmnmcx n sno xnsnn ontno n
ocrannnmnm nnsrnanmt cn n namxrn. c nosaxnnx, xorot xnrnxa
nmr otxnonnn nnnonrt nornn namnx ronxonann cnmnromon, n +rom
orntnom cnyua cnnmamrcx. asymrcx, no y nac ocronr n ncra cront
xoomo.
m ono! ocnnoct nn nam n rnasa, xax +ro nsamrno nanxsunno
crnn nnno nac n nnrnm-
nym xnsnt nannnrxn? nmnna nx nn moxr accxasart uro-nnyt on
nnrnmno, um ncronm cno nno auno noun, n asn cnyuano n
nsnaunrntno ro, uro mt nnmnn nmnno x nnrnmnocrxm nonono xnsnn?
ana, +ro morno t trt cncrnnm cnannoro mnom na +ror as ntoa.
ym roonnrtcx c cyxnnm n oarnmcx xo nroomy, conmnno nnomy
nnmy uacro ncruammrocx crnnx, a nmnno x nmonnany yxnatnannx
cnart.
nxrnanarnnrnxx nnrymax oannax nymxa, nncrnnnt nox cnonx
onrn, xorotx ona nnocxonr no oasonannm n nnrnnxryantno
axrnnnocrn, tna nyromonntm n manonnnntm nxom, a n runn nocnnnx
nr s nnnmtx nnmnnx nnunn nnarnnact n nnnoontnym. na ount
asaxnrntna, oconno nornn marn, ncra nonontna, yyuna,
cxnonna x nmnrntnocrn n comnnnm n, naxonn, nnsnarcx, uro n n
cocroxnnn ontm ona xonrt no nnomaxm n ontmnm ynnnam. Mt n ym
mnoro sannmartcx cnoxntm onsnnntm cocroxnnm, rymmnm no mntm
m nyx narnoson, aroa]onn n nnosa nanxsunntx cocroxnn, a
ocranonnmcx rontxo na rom, uro y +ro nymxn asnnncx raxx nmonnan
yxnatnannx cnart, or xorooro ona sacrannxr craart cnonx onrn.
Moxno cxasart, uro n nsncrnom cmtcn nmo nomantnt unonx nmr cno
nmonnan yxnatnannx cnart nnn ryr conmnnx onnnntx ycnonn,
nntnonnnn xorotx mmar my sacnyrt; on onx nxo or cocroxnnx
ocrnonannx xo cny n onnnnt ]omt, xorot on onnaxontm oasom
nonroxr xaxt nu. o nc, uro ryr soont or ycnonn nx cna,
moxno annonantno nonxrt, n cnn nnmnn ocroxrntcrna ntstnamr
noxonmt nsmnnnx, ro on nrxo nounnxrcx. o naronornucxn nmo-
nnan nycrynunn, on ymr onrtcx cnoro nno camtx ontmnx xrn, n on
rouno rax x nnxtnarcx annonantntm oocnonannm n nn nonxnocrnom
accmornnn xaxrcx ornnuammnmcx or nomantnoro nnmt nxoroo
nynnnunno rmarntnocrtm. o cnn nncmorrtcx nonnx, ro moxno
samrnrt, uro noxtnano annonantnocrn cnnmxom xoorxo, uro nmonnan
nxnmuar ronannx, anxo ntxoxmn sa annonantno oocnonann, n
yrn, nxmo nornnouamn my. ama nannnrxa n xaucrn mornna cnonx
nountx nocrooxnocr nnnonr ro, uro nx cna nyxn noxo n ona
onxna ycrannrt nc ncrounnxn myma. +ro nntm ona nocrynar noxxnm
oasom: ocranannnnar ontmn uact n cno xomnar, nc yrn uact ns
xomnart yanxmrcx, ona n rnnr ax nncyrcrnnx n nouno rymoux cnonx
xoxorntx uacon na acnr. Hnrount romxn n nast cocrannxmrcx na
nnctmnnom cron rax, urot onn noutm n mornn ynacrt, asnrtcx n
nornoxnrt no cn. na snar, uro nc +rn mt moryr nmrt rontxo
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xaxymcx onanann nx ronannx noxox, rnxann manntxnx uacon nntsx
ycntmart, ax cnn t onn ocranannct na rymoux, n nc mt snam no
ontry, uro annomno rnxann uacon c maxrnnxom nnxora n mmar cny, a
cxo crnyr yctnnxmm. na nnsnar raxx, uro onacnn, yro
nnrount romxn n nast, ocrannnnt na cnom mcr, noutm moryr camn
ynacrt n asnrtcx, nnmno ncxxo noxrnocrn. nx yrnx ronann
nmonnana ona yx n cctnarcx na noxonmocrt noxox. crnnrntno,
ronann, urot nt mxy xomnaro n cnantn onrn ocrananact
nonyorxtro, ncnonnnnx xorooro ona onnarcx rm, uro ncrannxr n
nnorxtrym nt asnnunt nmrt, xaxrcx, nanornn, moxr crart
ncrounnxom naymammnx rn-
mnny mymon. o camt naxnt ronannx ornocxrcx x camo xonarn. oymxa
y nsronontx xonarn n onxna xacartcx nxnno cnnnxn xonarn.
Manntxax noymuxa nx ronont moxr nxart na ontmo noymx n nnau
xax oasyx om; ronony rora ona xnar rouno no nnnno naronann
oma. nna ("Duchent", xax rononm mt n ncrnn), n rm xax
yxtrtcx, onxna trt nsnra rax, urot xa y nor cran concm roncrtm,
no sarm ona n ynycrnr cnona asrnanrt +ro cxonnnn ntn.
osnontr mn oorn yrn, uacro ount mnxn noonocrn +roro
nmonnana; onn n nayunnn t nac nnumy nonomy n cnnmxom anxo ynnn t
or namnx nn. ynycxar, onaxo, ns nny, uro nc +ro noncxonr n
rax yx rnaxo. n +rom n ocrannxr onacnn, uro n nc cnano, xax
cnyr; nc onxno trt nonno, nonrono, comnnn nosnnxar ro no
nonoy ono, ro no nonoy yro nocrooxnocrn, n n syntrar
noxonr oxono nyx uacon, n runn xorotx nymxa cama n moxr cnart n
n ar ycnyrt ncnyranntm onrnxm.
nanns +rnx myunn norxan n rax nocro, xax n cnyua nanxsunnoro
crnnx nam nno nannnrxn. ntnyxn tn nart nymx nanoxmn
namxn n nnarart ronxonannx, xorot ona xaxt as orxnonxna
mnrntntm "nr" nnn nnnnmana c nsnrntntm comnnnm. o sa +ro
nno ornnarntno axnn nocnonan nno, xora ona cama sannmanact
nnoxnntmn nosmoxntmn ronxonannxmn, nonana noxoxmn x nnm
mtcnn, nocnonsnonna nocnomnnannx, ycranannnnana cnxsn, noxa, ncxox ns
cocrnnno aort, n nnnxna nc +rn ronxonannx. o m roro xax +ro
noncxonno, ona raxx nc ontm ycrynana n ncnonnnnn nanxsunntx m
nocrooxnocrn n m o oxonuannx nunnx orxa-
sanact or ncro nmonnana. t onxnt raxx snart, uro anannrnucxax
aora, xax mt rnt nm, nxmo ncxnmuar nocnonarntnym oaorxy
orntnoro cnmnroma o oxonuarntnoro ro ntxcnnnx. ontm roro, tnamt
ntnyxn nocroxnno ocrannxrt ony xaxym-ro rmy n nonno ynnnocrn, uro
nnmtcx x n cnona n yro cnxsn. onxonann cnmnroma, xoroo x nam
cuac coomy, xnnxrcx, raxnm oasom, cnnrsom syntraron, otnann
xorotx, ntnamo yro aoro, nnrcx nnn n mcxnt.
ama nannnrxa naunnar nocrnnno nonnmart, uro no nmx cnonx
nnroronnnn xo cny ona ycranxna uact xax cnmnon xncxnx rnnrann.
act, xorot moryr trt cnmnonnucxn ncronxonant n no-yromy,
nnoramr +ry rnnrantnym ont n cnxsn c nnonunocrtm nonccon n
nannntntmn nnrnanamn. nmnna moxr noxnannrtcx, uro y n mncryannn
nacrynamr c nannntnocrtm uaconoro mxannsma. o oconno nama nannnrxa
oxnact, uro rnxann uacon nommar cny. nxann uacon moxno cannnrt c
nyntcann xnnroa nn nononom nosyxnnn. s-sa +roro nnnxrnoro
omymnnx ona crnnrntno nonoxarno noctnanact, a rnt +ror crax
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n +xnn ntasnncx n ronannn yannrt or cx na nout nymn uact.
Hnrount romxn n nast, xax nc cocyt, rox xncxn cnmnont.
ocrooxnocrt, urot onn n ynann n n asnnnct, cnonarntno, n
nnmna cmtcna. am nsncrn mnoxo acnocrannnt otua asnnart no
nmx nomonnxn cocy nnn ranxy. Kaxt ns nncyrcrnymmnx r c
ocxonox, uro mt onxnt nonnmart xax orxas or nnrxsann na nncry c rouxn
snnx aunoro otuax o monoramnn. rnocnrntno +ro uacrn nmonnana y
nymxn noxnnnoct ono nocnomnnann n ncxontxo mtcn. naxt nxom
ona ynana co crxnxnntm
nnn rnnnxntm cocyom, nosana nantnt, n cnntno mna xont. Kora ona
ntocna n ysnana ]axrt ns nonono xnsnn, y n nosnnxna nyrammax mtcnt,
uro n nnym aunym nout y n n nor xont n ona oxaxrcx n
ncrnnnnn. nocrooxnocrn nornn roro, urot nast n asnnnct,
osnauamr, raxnm oasom, ornnann ncro xomnnxca, cnxsannoro c
ncrnnnocrtm n xonorunnm nn nnom nononom axr, a raxx ornnann
craxa n xonorunnm n nornnononoxnoro Inannt cmtcn cnoro
nmonnana ona yraana n onn nxacnt nt, xora nyr nonxna
nnncann, urot noymxa n xacanact cnnnxn xonarn. oymxa nx n
ncra tna xnmnno, rononna ona, a nrnxantnax nxnnax cnnnxa -
myxunno. axnm oasom, ona xorna - marnucxnm cnocoom, cmm oannrt
- asnnrt myxunny n xnmnny, r. . asnyunrt onrn, n onycrnrt nx
o cynyxcxoro axra. 3ro x nnn ona ntranact onrtcx antm, o
nnnnx nmonnana, on nxmtm cnocoom. na cnmynnonana crax nnn
nontsonanact nmnmcx cxnonnocrtm x craxy nx roro, urot n anart
saxtnart nt mxy cnantn onrn n rcxo. 3ro ronann m
ocranoct n nacroxmm nmonnan. axnm oasom ona cosana c
nosmoxnocrt nocnymnnart sa onrnxmn, no, ncnontsyx +ry nosmoxnocrt, ona
onaxt nnona cconnnny, nnnmymcx mcxnt. nnonn onontnax
nosmoxnocrtm mmart onrnxm raxnm cnocoom, ona nnora onnanact roro,
uro cama cnana n cynyxcxo nocrnn mxy ornom n martm. ora
"noymxa" n "cnnnxa xonarn" crnnrntno n mornn connnrtcx.
axonn, xora ona yx tna nacrontxo ontmo, uro n morna yono
nommartcx n xonarn mxy onrnxmn, cosnarntno cnmynxnn craxa ona
onnanact roro, uro mart mnxnact c n xonarxmn n ycrynana cno mcro
nosn orna. 3ra cnryannx onnnno crana nauanom ]anrasn, nocncrnn
xorotx uyncrnyrcx n nmonnan.
cnn noymxa tna xnmnno, ro n nsnnann nnnt o rx no, noxa nc
ntx n oxastnannct nnnsy n n oasontnann ram yronmnn, nmno cmtcn.
3ro osnauano nart xnmnny mnno; onaxo ona n satnana crnanrt
+ry mnnocrt, noromy uro n runn mnornx nr ona naxonnact no
craxom, uro nonont cnomnnx onrn nnnyr x noxnnnnm nrooro
nxa n, raxnm oasom, nnoncyr xonxynra. yro croont,
cnn ontmax noymxa tna xnmnno, martm, ro manntxax rononnax
noymuxa morna ncrannxrt coo rontxo out. oumy +ra noymxa onxna
tna trt nonoxna omom, a ronona rouno no ro ocno nnnnn? Mn s
rya yanoct nanomnnrt , uro om na ncx nacrnntx ocnncxx xnnxrcx
ynnucxnm snaxom orxtrtx xncxnx rnnrann. na cama nrana n raxom
cnyua ont myxunnt, orna, n samnxna ronono myxcxo unn (c.
cnmnonnucxo nsoaxnn xacrannn xax osrnannnnann).
Kaxax nut, cxaxr nt, sanonnxr ronony nnoouno nymxn. ornacn, no
n satnar, x +rn nmn n counnxn, a rontxo ncronxonan. axo nmonnan
yxnatnannx cnart raxx xnnxrcx um-ro cranntm, n nt n moxr n
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nnsnart coornrcrnnx mxy nmonnanom n ]anrasnxmn, xorot orxtnar
nam ronxonann. o nx mnx naxn oarnrt nam nnnmann na ro, uro n
nmonnan orasnnact n ona ]anrasnx, a ncxontxo, xorot r-ro,
onaxo, nmmr cno
nnr. raxx na ro, uro nnncannx nmonnana namr cxcyantnt
xnannx ro nonoxnrntno, ro ornnarntno, uacrnuno ncrannxx, a uacrnuno
ornrax nx.
s anannsa +roro nmonnana moxno tno t nonyunrt m ontm, cnn
cnxsart ro c yrnmn cnmnromamn ontno. o mt n nom no +romy nyrn.
Vonnrnonrct yxasannm na ro, uro +ra nymxa naxonrcx no nnacrn
+ornucxo nnnxsannocrn x orny, nauano xoroo cxtnarcx n annnx
rcxnx roax. osmoxno, no+romy ona rax nyxnmno nr cx no
ornomnnm x marn. Mt n moxm raxx n samrnrt, uro ananns +roro
cnmnroma onxrt nnnn nac x cxcyantno xnsnn ontno. m uam mt ym
nonnmart cmtcn n namnn nnornucxoro cnmnroma, rm, moxr trt,
mntm mt ym ynnnxrtcx +romy.
rax, na nyx nnnnntx nnmax x nam noxasan, uro nnornucxn
cnmnromt, rax x xax omnount crnnx n cnonnnnx, nmmr cmtcn n
naxoxrcx n nnrnmnom ornomnnn x nxnnannxm nannnron. Mory nn x
accunrtnart, uro nt nonnr mn n +rom usntuano naxnom nonoxnnn na
ocnonannn nyx nnmon? r. o moxr nn nt ronart, urot x nnnonn
nam nc nont n nont nnmt, noxa nt n saxnnr, uro ynnnct? ox
nr, noromy uro nn ro ocroxrntnocrn, c xoroo x accmarnnam
orntnt cnyua, x onxn tn t nocnxrnrt nx accmornnx +roro onoro
nynxra ronn nnoson nxrnuaconym nxnnm. ax uro x orannuyct rm, uro
noxasan nam nnm oxasarntcrna moro yrnxnnx, a n ocrantnom oromnm
nac x coomnnxm n nnrary, x xnaccnucxnm ronxonannxm cnmnromon, n
nnym out, a (ncrnx), x saxnartnammnm asxcnnnxm conmnno
rmntx cnmnromon rax na-
stnamo Dementia praeco* K. I. nrom (1907), ornocxmnmcx x romy nmnn,
xora +ror nccnonarnt tn rontxo ncnxoanannrnxom n m n xorn trt
nooxom, n xo ncm aoram, xorot sanononnnn c rx no namn xynant.
mnno n +rnx nccnonannxx y nac nr nocrarxa. nanns, ronxonann,
nno nnornucxnx cnmnromon rax saxnarnnn ncnxoanannrnxon, uro n
nno nmx onn saocnnn yrn nonmt nnornxn.
Kro ns nac nostmr na cx raxo ry, nonyunr ncomnnno cnntno
nnuarnnn or onnnx oxasarntcrn. o on cronxnrcx n c ono
rynocrtm. mtcn cnmnroma, xax mt ysnann, xorcx n ro cnxsn c
nxnnannm ontnoro. m nnnnnyantno ntaxn cnmnrom, rm cxo mt
moxm oxnart noccranonnnnx +ro cnxsn. 3arm nosnnxar nxmax saaua
narn nx ccmtcnnno nn n cnntnoro crnnx raxym cnryannm n
nomnom, n xoroo +ra nx tna onananna, a crnn nncooasno.
anxsunno crnn nam nannnrxn, noranm x crony n snonnnm
ronnuno, xnnxrcx xax as nnmom +roro oa cnmnromon. o ncruamrcx,
n xax as ount uacro, cnmnromt concm yroro xaaxra. x nyxno nasnart
"rnnnuntmn" cnmnromamn onsnn, onn nnmno onnaxont no ncx cnyuaxx,
nnnnnyantnt asnnunx y nnx orcyrcrnymr nnn, no xan m, nacrontxo
ymntmamrcx, uro nx ryno nnncrn n cnxst c nnnnnyantntm nxnnannm
ontntx n orncrn x orntntm nxnrtm cnryannxm. arnmcx onxrt x
nnosy nanxsunntx cocroxnn. Vx nmonnan yxnatnannx cnart nam
nroo nannnrxn nmr n c mnoro rnnnunoro, nn +rom, onaxo,
ocrarouno nnnnnyantntx
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- ---------------------------------------
* ann cnaoymn (nar.) - ono ns nasnann mnso]nnn. - nm.. .
nnoa.
ur, urot cnart nosmoxntm, rax cxasart, ncronucxo ronxonann. o
nc +rn ontnt c nanxsunntmn cocroxnnxmn cxnonnt x nonronnxm,
nrmnsannn nn ncnonnnnn crnn n nx nsonnonannm or yrnx.
ontmnncrno ns nnx cnnmxom mnoro morcx. ontnt, craammn aroa]on
(rono]on, oxsntm nocrancrna), xoroym mt ontm n ornocnm x nnosy
nanxsunntx cocroxnn, a onnxm xax ncrnm craxa (Angsthysterie),
nonroxmr n cnonx xarnnax onsnn uacro c yromnrntntm onooasnm onn
n r x urt. nn oxrcx saxtrtx nocrancrn, ontmnx orxtrtx nnoma,
anxo rxnymnxcx ynnn n ann. nn uyncrnymr cx n sonacnocrn, cnn nx
cononoxamr snaxomt nnn cnn sa nnmn r +xnnax n r. . a +ry omym
ocnony, onaxo, orntnt ontnt naxnatnamr cnon nnnnnyantnt ycnonnx,
xannst, xornoct t cxasart, n orntntx cnyuaxx nxmo nornnononoxnt
yr yry. nn onrcx rontxo ysxnx ynnn, yro - rontxo mnoxnx, onn
moxr nrn rontxo rora, xora na ynnn mano nm, yro - xora mnoro.
ouno rax x n ncrnx nn ncm orarcrn nnnnnyantntx ur nmr n
nstrx omn rnnnunt cnmnromt, xorot, no-nnnmomy, n noamrcx
nocromy ncronucxomy oxcnnnm. saym, uro +ro nt r rnnnunt
cnmnromt, no xorotm mt onnrnymcx nn nocranonx narnosa. cnn mt n
onom cnyua ncrnn crnnrntno cnnn rnnnunt cnmnrom x onomy
nxnnannm nnn x nnn noontx nxnnann, nannm, ncrnucxym nory
x nocncrnnxm nnuarnnn ornamnnx, ro mt rxm ynnnocrt, xora
ananns nort n xaxom-ro yrom cnyua ncxor conmnno yro x nnnmo
crnymmnx nxnnann. ora +ro ntrnxnr rax, xax yro y ncrnuntx
nora noxnnxrcx no nnsncrntm nnunnam, a otrt anannsom ncronucxn
nonot xn-
nxmrcx rontxo nnoramn, ncnontsymtmn +ro nnyrnn noxonmocrtm,
xora onn cnyuano oxastnamrcx.
axnm oasom, mt cxoo nnxonm x nuantnomy ntnoy, uro xorx mt moxm
yonnrnonrntno oxcnnrt cmtcn nnnnnyantntx nnornucxnx cnmnromon
naroax cnxsn c nxnnannm, nam ncxyccrno, onaxo, nsmnxr nam n
roaso on uacrtx cnyuaxx rnnnuntx cnmnromon. K +romy cnyr oannrt
m ro, uro x nosnaxomnn nac anxo n co ncmn rynocrxmn, nosnnxammnmn
nn nocnonarntnom nonnnn ncronucxoro ronxonannx cnmnromon. n n
xouy +roro nart, noromy uro xorx x namn nnuro n nnyxamnnart nnn
uro-ro cxtnart or nac, no x n n mory onycrnrt, urot c camoro nauana
namnx conmcrntx nccnonann nt tnn cnomomnt n ocxyaxnt. no,
uro mt nonoxnnn nnmt nauano nonnmannm snaunnx cnmnromon, no mt ym
nnxnnartcx nnornntx snann n mar sa marom nonnrartcx n
oxcnnnn m n nonxroro. onoym yrmnrt nac cooaxnnm, uro
nc-raxn nx nn moxno nnonarart ]ynamnrantno asnnun mxy onnm n
yrnm nnom cnmnromon. cnn nnnnnyantnt cnmnromt rax ounnno sanncxr
or nxnnannx ontnoro, ro nx rnnnuntx cnmnromon ocrarcx nosmoxnocrt,
uro onn nyr x nxnnannm, xoroo camo rnnnuno, om ncm nmxm. yrn
nocroxnno nonroxmmncx urt moryr trt omnmn axnnxmn, nanxsanntmn
ontnomy nnoo onsnnnoro nsmnnnx, nannm, nonronn nnn
comnnn nn nnos nanxsunntx cocroxnn. Koou ronox, y nac nr
nnxaxoro ocnonannx nx roro, urot saan naart yxom, nocmornm, uro
yr antm.
conmnno ananornuntm sarynnnm mt cranxnnamcx n n ronn
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cnonnnnx. namnx nxnnx cax o cnonnnnn x n mor xocnyrtcx .
nno
coxann cnonnnn tnar usntuano asnooasntm n nnnnnyantno
nsmnunntm, n mt noono noxasann, uro moxno nonyunrt ns +roro coxannx
naroax anannsy. o naxy c +rnm ncruamrcx cnonnnnx, xorot rox
nastnamrcx "rnnnuntmn", - onnaxont y ncx nm cnonnnnx onooasnoro
coxannx, xorot cranxr ananns n rmn x rynocrxmn. 3ro
cnonnnnx o nannn, nrannn, nannn, nnanannn, cocroxnnn crcnnnocrn,
o naror n yrn nsncrnt cramnt cnonnnnx, xorotm y orntntx nnn
arcx ro ono, ro yro ronxonann, nnum nn monoronnocrt, nn
rnnnunocrt noxnnnnx n naxoxr cnoro oxcnnnx. o n n +rnx
cnonnnnxx mt nanmam, uro omax ocnona oxnnnxrcx nnnnnyantno
nsmnunntmn nnannnnxmn n, noxrno, nn yrnynnnn namnx ncrannnn
onn rox s narxxxn moryr trt oxcnnt rmn oconnocrxmn xnsnn
cnonnnn, xorot mt orxtnn na marnan yrnx cnonnnn.
MH KH
unxcannx na ranm, ccosnarntno
Vnaxamt amt n rocnoa! nomnt as x cxasan, uro mt namnt
noonxart namy aory, n ornxtnaxct na namn comnnnx, a ncxox ns namnx
orxtrn. nyx camtx nnrcntx cncrnnxx, ntrxammnx ns anannson oonx
nnmon, mt noom m n cxasann.
no: o nannnrxn nonsnoxr nnuarnnn, xax yro onn ]nxcnonant na
xaxom-ro onnnnom orsx cnoro nomnoro, n moryr ocnoonrtcx or
nro n no+romy nacroxm n yym ocramrcx nm uyxtmn. nn nxuyrcx n
cno onsnn, xax antm nmnn otxnonnn yanxrtcx n monacrtt, urot
oxnnart ram cno nx. nx nam nno nannnrxn raxym yuacrt yroronnn
acrornyrt n crnnrntnocrn ax c myxm. nonmn cnmnromamn ona
noonxar omnn co cnonm myxm; mt nayunnnct nonnmart r ronoca,
xorot ntcrynamr sa nro, nsnnnxmr n nosntmamr ro, onnaxnnamr ro
norm. Xorx ona monoa n morna t nonannrtcx yrnm myxunnam, ona
nnnnxna nc antnt n nooaxamt (marnucxn) nocrooxnocrn,
urot coxannrt my nnocrt. na n noxastnarcx y nocroonnnx, n cnnr
sa cno nnmnocrtm, no ona raxx n n cocroxnnn tcro
ncrart c xcna, na xoroom cnna, n orxastnarcx nonnctnart cnom
]amnnnm, n moxr nnxomy cnart noaxa, mornnnyx +ro rm, uro nnxro n
onxn nnuro nmrt or n.
V nam nroo nannnrxn, monoo nymxn, +ornucxax nnnxsannocrt x
orny, nosnnxmax o nonono snocrn, cnana n xnsnn ro x camo. na
rox nnmna x ntnoy, uro n moxr ntrn samyx, noxa ona rax ontna. mm
nnonoxnrt, uro ona rax saonna, urot n ntxonrt samyx n ocrartcx c
ornom.
Mt n moxm oorn nonoca o rom, xax, xaxnm nyrm n n cnny xaxnx mornnon
moxr nosnnxnyrt raxax crannax n nntronax xnsnnnax ycranonxa.
onycrnm, uro anno nonnn xnnxrcx omnm nnsnaxom nnosa, a n
ocotm cnocrnom +rnx nyx ontntx. 3ro n camom n omax, naxrnucxn
ount snaunmax ura ncxxoro nnosa. nax ncrnucxax nannnrxa
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a tna noontm x oasom ]nxcnonana na rom nmnn, xora ona
yxaxnnana sa cnonm rxxno saonnmnm ornom. cmorx na cno
ntsoonnnn, ona c rx no n nsncrnom cmtcn noxonunna c xnsntm, xorx
ocranact soono n ryocnocono, no orxasanact or crcrnnnoro
nnasnaunnx xnmnnt. naroax anannsy mt moxm y xaxoro ns namnx
ontntx onayxnrt, uro on n cnonx cnmnromax onsnn n nx nocncrnnxx
nnccx n onnnnt nno cnoro nomnoro. ontmnncrn cnyuan on
ntnan nx +roro ount annmm ]asy xnsnn, nmx cnoro rcrna, n ax,
xax nn cmmno +ro snyunr, mnanucrno.
nnsxo ananornn c +rnm nonnnm namnx nnnoontntx naxoxrcx
saonnannx, oconno uacro nosnnxammn nmnno rnt, no nmx nont, -
rax nastnamt ranmarnucxn (traumatische) nnost. axn cnyuan,
xonuno, tnann n o nont nocn x-
nsnoooxntx xymnn n yrnx cramntx xnsnnntx xaracro]. cno
ocnon ranmarnucxn nnost n ro x camo, uro cnonrannt nnost,
xorot mt otuno anannrnucxn nccnym n nunm; nam raxx m n yanoct
accmorrt nx c nam rouxn snnx, n x namct xax-nnyt oxcnnrt nam,
n um saxnmuarcx +ro orannunn. o n +rom onom nynxr mt moxm
nouxnyrt nx nonno cxocrno. anmarnucxn nnost nocxr xnnt
nnsnaxn roro, uro n nx ocnon nxnr ]nxcannx na momnr ranmt. cnonx
cnonnnnxx +rn ontnt nocroxnno nonroxmr ranmarnucxym cnryannm; ram,
r ncruamrcx ncronoont nnnaxn, onycxammn ananns, ysnamt, uro
nnnaox coornrcrnyr nonnomy nncnnm n +ry cnryannm. onyuarcx rax,
xax yro +rn ontnt n noxonunnn c +ro ranmarnucxo cnryann, xax
yro ona cronr n nnmn xax nasmnnax axryantnax nonma, n mt
nnonn ctsno cornamamcx c +rnm nonnmannm; ono noxastnar nam nyrt x
+xonomnucxomy, xax mt nastnam, accmornnm ymnntx nonccon. a,
ntaxnn "ranmarnucxn" nmr rontxo raxo +xonomnucxn cmtcn. ax mt
nastnam nxnnann, xoroo n runn xoorxoro nmnn nnnonr n
ymnno xnsnn x raxomy cnntnomy ynnnunnm asaxnnx, uro ocnooxnn
or nro nnn ro nomantnax naorxa n yarcx, n syntrar uro moryr
nacrynnrt nnrntnt naymnnx n acxoonannn +nrnn.
3ra ananornx nanonr nac na mtcnt nasnart ranmarnucxnmn raxx r
nxnnannx, na xorotx, no-nnnmomy, ]nxcnonant namn nnnoontnt.
axnm oasom, nx oxcnnnx nosnnxnonnnx nnornucxoro saonnannx xax
t nanamnnarcx ono nocro ycnonn. nos cnonano t ynoonrt
ranmarnucxomy saonnannm, a ro nosnnxnonnn oxcnnrt
ncnoconocrtm cnannrtcx co cnnmxom cnntntm a]]xrnnntm nxnnannm.
axona n crnnrntnocrn n tna nnax ]omynnonxa, xoroo n x n
193 - 195 rr. nonnn rornucxn nror namnm nanmnnxm. nyua nam
nno nannnrxn, monoo xnmnnt, asnyunno c myxm, ount xoomo
nnnctnarcx n +rn nsrnxt. na n ntncna nocymcrnnmocrn cnoro axa n
sacrxna na +ro ranm. o yx nam nroo cnyua ]nxcnonanno na cnom
orn nymxn noxastnar, uro ]omynnonxa nocrarouno mnoxa. ono
croont, raxax nnmnnnocrt manntxo nouxn n orna uro-ro nacrontxo
otuno n rax uacro noonnamo, uro nasnann "ranmarnucxn"
conmnno norxno t cno coxann, c yro croont, ncronx ontno
nam noxastnar, uro +ra nnax +ornucxax ]nxcannx cnauana xax yro t
nomna s ncxxoro na n rontxo ncxontxo nr cnycrx onxrt noxnnnact n
cnmnromax nnosa nanxsunnoro cocroxnnx. rax, mt nnnnm ryr
ocnoxnnnx, ontm asnooasn ycnonn saonnannx, no mt nuyncrnym
raxx, uro or "ranmarnucxo" rouxn snnx nntsx orxasartcx xax or
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omnouno; ona nnronrcx n yrom mcr n nn yrnx ycnonnxx.
3ct mt onxrt ocrannm nyrt, no xoroomy mnn. oxa on n nr nac antm,
a nam nyxno ysnart m mnoro yro, nx um mt cmoxm narn ro
ncrnnno noonxnn. 3amrnm m no nonoy ]nxcannn na onnnno ]as
nomnoro, uro raxo xnnnn ntxonr sa amxn nnosa. cxxn nnos ncr
n c raxym ]nxcannm, no n ncxxax ]nxcannx nnnr x nnosy, connar
c nnm nnn ncranr na ro nyrn. nmom a]]xrnnno ]nxcannn na um-ro
nomnom xnnxrcx nuant, xoroax nnnonr x nonnomy orxoy or nacroxmro n
yymro. o ax nx ncnnnanncra nuant sxo ornnuarcx or nnosa.
3aro crt n-
nost, xorot moxno nasnart naronornucxo ]omo nuann.
nyuarcx raxx, uro ranmarnucxo cotrn, norxcamm nc ocnont
nxn xnsnn, ocranannnnar nm nacrontxo, uro onn rxmr ncxxn
nnrc x nacroxmmy n yymmy n n ym nocroxnno ocramrcx n nomnom, no
+rn ncuacrnt n oxsarntno onxnt crart nnnoontntmn. Mt n xornm
nonnnnart nx xaaxrncrnxn nnosa +ry ony ury, xax t nocroxnna
n snaunrntna ona nn tna.
rnt nm x yromy syntrary namro anannsa, o nntronom
orannunnn xorooro nam nuro cnoxonrtcx. nam nno nannnrx mt
coomnnn, xaxo ccmtcnnno nanxsunno crnn ona ncnonnxna n xaxo
nnrnmno xnsnnno nocnomnnann n cnxsn c +rnm ona accxasana, sarm mt
nccnonann ornomnn mxy oonmn n ns +ro cnxsn oraannct o nnn
nanxsunnoro crnnx. o mt ocrannnn n croon onn momnr, xorot
sacnyxnnar namro nncrantnoro nnnmannx. oxa nannnrxa nonroxna
nanxsunno crnn, ona nnuro n snana o rom, uro ono cnxsano c rm
nxnnannm. nxst mxy nnmn tna nx n cxtra; no nan ronox, ona
onxna tna ornrnrt, uro n snar, n cnny xaxnx noyxnn ona +ro
nar. 3arm no nnnxnnm nunnx nyr cnyunnoct rax, uro ona namna +ry
cnxst n morna o n coomnrt. o ona nc m n snana o nnn, xoroo
cnyxnno nanxsunno crnn, o nnn ncnannrt myunrntnt orsox nomnoro
n nocrannrt nmnmoro myxa na on ntcoxn yonnt. 3ro nnnoct onontno
onro n cronno mnornx ryon, noxa ona n nonxna n n nnsnanact mn, uro
raxo mornn mor trt nncrnnno nnxym cnno nanxsunnoro crnnx.
nxst co cnno nocn nyauno auno noun n mornn nxnocrn ontno
nmcr cocrannxmr ro, uro mt nasnann "cmtcnom" nanxsunnoro crnnx. o
+ror
cmtcn n oonx nanannnnxx, "orxya" n "saum", tn nnsncrn, xora
ona ntnonnxna nanxsunno crnn. axnm oasom, n n crnonann
ymnnt noncct, a nanxsunno crnn tno nmnno syntrarom nx
nnnxnnx; n nomantnom cocroxnnn ona uyncrnonana +ro nnnxnn, no o
cosnannx n oxonno nnuro ns ymnntx nnoctnox +roro nnnxnnx. na
nna cx rouno rax x, xax sarnnnornsnonannt, xoroomy nrm nnymnn
us nxrt mnnyr nocn noyxnnx orxtrt n nanar sonrnx n xorot
ntnonnnn +ro nnymnn n ocrnymmm cocroxnnn, n ymx oxcnnrt mornna
cnoro nocrynxa. mnno raxo nonoxnn nm mt nmm n nny, xora
rononm o cymcrnonannn ccosnarntntx ymnntx nonccon. Mt ocam
ntson ncmy mny, nnarax on crornm nayuntm oasom ncrannrt +rn
]axrt, n rora mt oxorno orxaxmcx or nnonoxnnx cymcrnonannx
ccosnarntntx ymnntx nonccon. o roro mt ym nnxnnartcx
+roro nnonoxnnx n, noymnno noxnmax nnuamn, ym ornrart xax
nnonxrno ro nosaxnn, uro ccosnarntno n xnnxrcx n annom cnyua
nnum antntm n nayunom cmtcn, a rontxo ncnomorarntntm ccrnom, nn
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Iacons de parler.* Kaxo x +ro nantno, or xorooro ncxoxr raxn
antno omyrnmt nocncrnnx, xax nanxsunno crnn!
cymnocrn, ro x camo mt naxonm n y nam nroo nannnrxn. V n
nosnnxno ronann, urot noymxa n xacanact cnnnxn xonarn, n ona
onxna ntnonnxrt +ro ronann, no ona n snar, orxya ono nonsomno,
uro osnauar n xaxnm mornnam oxsano cno cnno. nx ro ntnonnnnx
sasnnuno, ornocnrcx nn ona x nmy nnn]]nrno nnn nornnnrcx my,
nosmymarcx, conarcx ro naymnrt. no on-
- ---------------------------------------
* untm ooorom (]ann.).
xno trt ntnonnno, n ona nanacno cnamnnar cx noumy. nyr,
onaxo, nnsnart, uro n +rnx cnmnromax nnosa nanxsunnoro cocroxnnx, n
+rnx ncrannnnxx n nmnyntcax, noxnnxmmnxcx nnsncrno orxya, raxnx
ycrounntx nornn ncx nnnxnn n ocrantnom nomantno ymnno xnsnn,
nonsnoxmnx na camoro ontnoro nnuarnnn, xax yro onn cnxcnntnt
rocrn ns uyxoro mna, ccmrnt, nmmanmncx n cyronoxy cmrntx,
saxnmuarcx camo xcno yxasann na xaxym-ro ocoym, nsonnonannym or
ocrantnoro onacrt ymnno xnsnn. r nnx nr nnsxnt nyrt x
nnsnannm cymcrnonannx n ym ccosnarntnoro, n nmnno no+romy
xnnnnucxax ncnxnarnx, nnsnammax rontxo ncnxonornm cosnannx, n moxr c
nnmn cnart nnuro yroro, xax ntart sa nnsnaxn ocooro oa
rnannn. asymrcx, camn nanxsunnt ncrannnnx n nanxsunnt
nmnyntct n ccosnarntnt, n rax x mano ntnonnnn nanxsunnoro crnnx
ycxontsar or cosnarntnoro nocnnxrnx. nn n tnn t cnmnromamn, cnn t
n nonnxnn n cosnann. o ncnxnucxn nnoctnxn, acxtrt anannsom,
cnxsn, n xorot mt nx nnonm naroax ronxonannm, xnnxmrcx
ccosnarntntmn no xan m o rx no, noxa mt n cnam nx
cosnarntntmn nx ontnoro nyrm anannrnucxo aort.
rnt nnmnr no nnnmann, uro +ro nonoxnn nm, ycranonnnno namn
n oonx namnx cnyuaxx, nornxarcx no ncx cnmnromax ncx nnornucxnx
xnnnn, uro ncra n ns cmtcn cnmnromon nnsncrn ontnomy, uro
ananns nocroxnno noxastnar, uro cnmnromt - nonsnono ccosnarntntx
nonccon, xorot, onaxo, nn asntx naronnxrntx ycnonnxx moxno
cnart cosnarntntmn, n nt nomr, uro n ncnxoananns mt n moxm
oornct s ccosnarntnoro n ncnxnx n nnntxnn onnonart nm xax
um-ro
uyncrnnno ocxsamtm. o nt, moxr trt, raxx nomr, xax mano cnocont
x cyxnnm n +rom nonoc nc yrn, xro cunrar ccosnarntno rontxo
nonxrnm, xro nnxora n anannsnonan, nnxora n ronxonan cnonnnn n n
ncxan n nnornucxnx cnmnromax cmtcn n namnn. nx namnx nn nonrom
m as: nosmoxnocrt nnart cmtcn nnornucxnm cnmnromam naroax
anannrnucxomy ronxonannm xnnxrcx nononxnmtm oxasarntcrnom
cymcrnonannx - nnn, cnn nam yrono, noxonmocrn nnonoxnnx -
ccosnarntntx ymnntx nonccon.
o +ro m n nc. naroax nroomy orxtrnm a, xoroo mn xaxrcx
ax on coxarntntm n xoroo n namno croonnnxon, mt m ontm
ysnam o cnxsn mxy ccosnarntntm n nnornucxnmn cnmnromamn. n
rontxo ro, uro cmtcn cnmnromon ncra ccosnarnn; mxy +ro
ccosnarntnocrtm n nosmoxnocrtm cymcrnonannx cnmnromon cymcrnyr raxx
ornomnn samcrnrntcrna. t mnx cxoo nomr. mcr c om x
yrnxam cnymm: xaxt as, cranxnnaxct c cnmnromom, mt moxm
saxnmunrt, uro y ontnoro nmmrcx onnnnt ccosnarntnt noncct, n
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xorotx coxnrcx cmtcn cnmnroma. o nx roro urot oasonancx cnmnrom,
noxonmo raxx, urot cmtcn tn ccosnarntntm. s cosnarntntx
nonccon cnmnromt n oasymrcx; xax rontxo coornrcrnymmn
ccosnarntnt noncct cnamrcx cosnarntntmn, cnmnrom onxn
ncusnyrt. t casy x nyratnar sct nyrt x rannn, nyrt x
ynnuroxnnm cnmnromon. 3rnm nyrm crnnrntno ntnunn cnom
ncrnucxym nannnrxy, r. . ocnoonn or cnmnromon; on namn rxnnxy
onnnx o cosnannx ccosnarntntx nonccon, coxanmnx cmtcn
cnmnroma, n cnmnromt ncusnn.
3ro orxtrn a tno syntrarom n ymosnnx, a cuacrnnnoro
nanmnnx, cranmro nosmoxntm naroax romy, uro ontnax nomna my
nancruy. o nam rnt n cnyr crmnrtcx oxcnnrt ro nnmnno ns
uro-ro yroro, yx snaxomoro, onaxo nt onxnt nnsnart n nm nont
]ynamnrantnt ]axr, c nomomtm xorooro moxno noxcnnrt mnoro yro.
asmnr mn no+romy nonronrt ro x camo n yrnx ntaxnnxx.
asonann cnmnroma - +ro sammnn (rsatz) uro-ro yroro, uro n
morno noxnnrtcx. nnnnt ymnnt noncct nomantntm oasom onxnt
tnn t asnnrtcx nacrontxo, urot onn crann nsncrnt cosnannm. 3roro n
cnyunnoct, no saro ns nnanntx, xaxnm-ro oasom naymnntx nonccon,
xorot onxnt tnn ocrartcx ccosnarntntmn, nosnnx cnmnrom. axnm
oasom, nonyunnoct uro-ro no nocranonxn; cnn nosnarnrtcx x
ncxonomy nonoxnnm, ro rannrnucxo noscrnn na nnornucxn
cnmnromt ocrnrnr cno nnn.
rxtrn a m o cnx no xnnxrcx ]ynamnrom ncnxoanannrnucxo
rannn. onoxnn o rom, uro cnmnromt ncusamr, cnn nx ccosnarntnt
nnoctnxn cnannct cosnarntntmn, nornnnoct ncmn antnmnmn
nccnonannxmn, xorx nn nontrx ro naxrnucxoro nnmnnnx
cranxnnamtcx c camtmn cranntmn n camtmn noxnanntmn ocnoxnnnxmn. ama
rannx crnyr naroax romy, uro nnamar ccosnarntno n
cosnarntno, n nnmt nocrontxy, nocxontxy ona n cocroxnnn ocymcrnnrt +ro
nnamnn.
ocnmnm rnt cnart manntxo orcrynnnn, urot y nac n nosnnxno
ncxymnnx ncrannrt c +ry rannrnucxym aory xax nuro cnnmxom
nrxo. yx no namnm ntymnm accyxnnxm, nnos xnnxrcx cncrnnm
cnoro oa nsnannx, nn-
nnx o ymnntx nonccax, o xorotx cnonano t snart. 3ro ount
noxonno t na nsncrnym ronm oxara, cornacno xoroo ax nooxn
ocnonant na nsnannn. o ontrnomy n ananns nauy, xax nannno, ount
nrxo oraartcx, xaxn ymnnt nnxnnx roro nnn nnoro ontnoro ocrannct
ccosnarntntmn. my nryno tno t no+romy ntnunrt ontnoro,
ocnoonn or cocrnnnoro ro nsnannx coomnnm roro, uro on snar. o
xan m, raxnm oasom nrxo ncxtrt uacrt ccosnarntnoro cmtcna
cnmnromon, o yro x uacrn, o cnxsn cnmnromon c nxnnannxmn ontnoro
nau, nana, moxr cxasart nmnoro, noromy uro on n snar +rnx
nxnnann, on onxn xart, noxa ontno nx ncnomnnr n accxaxr my.
+rnx nxnnannxx moxno cnannrtcx y ocrnnnnxon ontnoro, n onn uacro
tnamr n cocroxnnn onnnrt cn nnx r, xorot oxasann ranmarnucxo
crnn, coomnrt, moxr trt, ax raxn nxnnannx, o xorotx ontno
n snar, noromy uro onn nmnn mcro n ount annn rot ro xnsnn.
onnnn +rn na nnma, moxno tno t naxrtcx sa xoorxo nmx n
mantmn ycnnnxmn nnxnnnonart narornno nsnann ontnoro.
o cnn t +ro tno rax! 3ct mt nnonn ontr, x xoroomy cnauana n
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tnn nororonnnt. 3nann snannm osnt; crt asnt nnt snannx,
conmnno nannonnnt ncnxonornucxn. II y a Iagots et Iagots,*
rononrcx r-ro y Monta. 3nann naua n ro x camo, uro snann
ontnoro, n ono n moxr oxasart ro x crnn. cnn nau nar cno
snann ontnomy nyrm coomnnx, +ro n nmr nnxaxoro ycnxa. noum,
tno t nnno rax rononrt. Vcnx sct saxnmuarcx n n noonnnn
cnmnromon, a n rom, uro rm camtm naunnarcx ananns, nntmn ncrnnxa-
- ---------------------------------------
* mt nmn osnt (]ann.). - nm. n.
mn xorooro xnnxmrcx noxnnnnx conornnnnnx. ora ontno snar uro-ro,
uro o cnx no n snan, r. . cmtcn cnoro cnmnroma, n nc x on rax x
mano snar o nm, xax n antm. ax mt ysnam, uro crt on um onn nn
nsnannx. rot noxasart, n um asnnunx, noxonmo nsncrno yrnynnn
namnx ncnxonornucxnx snann. o nam nonoxnn, uro nn snannn nx cmtcna
cnmnromt ncusamr, ocrarcx nc-raxn nannntntm. no rontxo n rom, uro
snann onxno trt ocnonano na nnyrnnm nsmnnnn ontnoro, xoroo
moxr trt ntsnano nnmt ncnxnucxo aoro c onnnno ntm. 3ct mt
cronm n nonmamn, xorot cxoo onnxrcx n nnamnxy oasonannx
cnmnromon.
Vnaxamt rocnoa! nt x onxn nocrannrt nonoc: n xaxrcx nn nam ro,
uro x ronom, cnnmxom rmntm n cnoxntm? sanyrtnam nn x nac rm, uro rax
uacro orxastnamct or an cxasannoro n orannunnam ro, naunnam asnnnart
mtcnt n sarm ocrannxm ? Mn tno t xant, cnn t +ro tno rax. o y
mnx cnntno ornamnn x ynomnnxm n ym ncrnn, x n nmm nnuro
nornn, urot nt nonyunnn nonno ncrannnn o mnorocroonnocrn n
mnorocnxsnocrn nmra, n ymam, uro nr na n rom, cnn no xaxomy
nonocy x ronom nam ontm, um nt moxr ncnontsonart n nacroxmn
momnr. nt snam, uro nmo cnymarnt n unrarnt mtcnnno ntnxr,
coxamar, ynomar n nsnnxar ns nnoxnnoro my ro, uro on xorn t
sanomnnrt. o nsncrno crnnn nno ro, uro um coxarntn tn
nnoxnnt marnan, rm ontm or nro ocrarcx. osnontr mn
naxrtcx, uro cyrt monx coomnn o cmtcn cnmnromon, o ccosnarntnom n
cnxsn mxy nnmn nt xcno nonxnn, ncmorx na nc nroocrnnnt momnrt.
t, nnnmo, raxx nonxnn, uro n ant-
nmm namn ycnnnx yyr cxonnnrnonant na ocrnxnnn nyx nn:
ysnart, no-nntx, xax nmn saonnamr, nnoramr nnornucxym
xnsnnnym ycranonxy, uro xnnxrcx xnnnnucxo nonmo, n, no-nrotx, xax
ns ycnonn nnosa asnnnamrcx onsnnnt cnmnromt, uro ocrarcx
nonmo ymnno nnamnxn. o nonmt r-ro onxnt ncrrnrtcx.
ronx x rox n xouy nrn antm, no rax xax nam nmx m n ncrxno,
x namn oarnrt nam nnnmann na yrym oconnocrt nyx namnx
anannson, nc snaunn xoroo onxrt-raxn yr onnno nnmt nosx, a
nmnno na nont n nocnomnnannxx, nnn amnsnn. t cntmann, uro saauy
ncnxoanannrnucxoro nunnx moxno c]omynnonart xax nnamnn ncro
narornnoro ccosnarntnoro n cosnarntno. nt nt, nosmoxno,
ynnnrct, ysnan, uro +ry ]omynnonxy moxno samnnrt yro: sanonnnrt
nc nont n nocnomnnannxx ontnoro, ycrannrt ro amnsnn. 3ro cnnoct
t x romy x. mnsnxm nnornxa nnnnctnarcx, raxnm oasom, naxnax
cnxst c nosnnxnonnnm ro cnmnromon. o cnn nt nnmr no nnnmann
ananns namro nnoro cnyuax, nt nar +ry onnxy amnsnn nonananno.
ontnax n satna cnny, c xoroo cnxsano nanxsunno crnn,
naooor, xnno xannr n namxrn, n nnuro yro ns satroro rox n
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yuacrnyr n nosnnxnonnnn +roro cnmnroma. Mn orurnnno, no n omm
ananornuno ocronr no y nam nroo nannnrxn, nymxn c nanxsunntm
nmonnanom. ona, cocrnnno, n satna cnoro nonnnx n annn rot,
rx ]axron, uro ona nacrannana na orxtnannn n mxy cnantn
onrn n cno n noronxna mart c mcra n cynyxcxo nocrnn; ona
ncnomnnar +ro conmnno xcno, xorx n c nmnrntnocrtm n noxorno.
ran-
ntm mt moxm cunrart rontxo ro, uro nnax nannnrxa, ncnonnxx
cuncnnno mnoxcrno as cno nanxsunno crnn, nn asy n samrnna
ro cxocrna c nxnnannm nocn nno auno noun, n +ro nocnomnnann
n nosnnxno y n, xora saanannct nxmt nonoct nx ntxcnnnx
mornnannn nanxsunnoro crnnx. o x camo ornocnrcx x nymx, y xoroo
nmonnan n ro nonot cnxsant c ono n ro x, xaxt nu
nonroxnmcx cnryann. oonx cnyuaxx, cocrnnno ronox, nr nnxaxo
amnsnn, nnxaxoro ntnannx nocnomnnann, no nnana cnxst, xoroax
onxna tna t ntsnart nocnonsnnn, nono noxnnnn nocnomnnannx.
oonoro naymnnx namxrn ocrarouno nx nnosa nanxsunntx cocroxnn,
nn ncrnn noncxonr nnau. 3ror nocnnn nnos ornnuarcx n
ontmnncrn cnyuan ount ontmnmn amnsnxmn. Kax nannno, nn ananns
xaxoro orntnoro cnmnroma ncrnn naxonmt nnym nnt xnsnnntx
nnuarnnn, xorot nn nx nosnamnnn n namxrt onnxmrcx ontntmn xax
xnno satrt. ono croont, +ra nnt oxonr o camtx annnx nr xnsnn,
rax uro ncrnucxym amnsnm moxno cunrart nnoccrnnntm noonxnnm
rcxo amnsnn, xoroax y nac, nomantntx nm, oxyrtnar nauano nam
ymnno xnsnn. yro croont, mt c ynnnnnm ysnam, uro n camt
nocnnn nxnnannx ontntx moryr satnartcx n n oconnocrn
nonramrcx amnsnn, cnn n concm nornomamrcx , nonot, nn xorotx
nosnnxna nnn ycnnnnact onsnt. s om xarnnt raxoro nannro
nocnomnnannx nocroxnno ncusamr naxnt rann nnn samnxmrcx noxntmn
nocnomnnannxmn. ourn ncra tnar rax, uro nnmt nsaonro o oxonuannx
anannsa ncnntnamr onnnnt nocnomnnannx o nanno nxnrom, xorot
rax onro mornn saxnnartcx n ocrannxnn n cnxsn uyncrnnnt nont.
axn naymnnx cnoconocrn ncnomnnart, xax tno cxasano, xaaxrnt nx
ncrnn, nn xoroo ax n xaucrn cnmnromon nacrynamr cocroxnnx
(ncrnucxn nnnaxn), n ocrannxmmn n nocnomnnannn nnxaxoro cna.
cnn nn nnos nanxsunntx cocroxnn noncxonr nnau, ro ns +roro nt
moxr saxnmunrt, uro nn +rnx amnsnxx ut nr noom o ncnxonornucxom
xaaxr ncrnucxoro nsmnnnx, a n o om ur nnoson. 3naunn
+roro asnnunx orannunnarcx cnymmnm cooaxnnm. o "cmtcnom"
cnmnroma mt nonnmam ononmnno na momnra: orxya on rcx n xya
nnn x umy nr, r. . nnuarnnnx n nxnnannx, or xorotx on ncxonr,
n nnn, xorotm cnyxnr.
axnm oasom, na nonoc, orxya rcx cnmnrom, ornuamr nnuarnnnx,
xorot nnxoxr nsnn, tnn xora-ro n cnny noxonmocrn cosnarntntmn n
c rx no naroax satnannm moryr crart ccosnarntntmn. o nnt
cnmnroma, ro rnnnnx - +ro xaxt as +noncnxnucxn noncc, xorot,
nosmoxno, cnauana tn cosnanam, no n mn noxrno, uro on nnxora n
tn n cosnannn n anno ocranancx n ccosnarntnom. ax uro n ount
naxno, saxnarnna nn amnsnx raxx n ncxont nxnnannx, na xorotx
ocnontnarcx cnmnrom, xax +ro noncxonr nn ncrnn; nnt, rnnnnx
cnmnroma, xoroax c camoro nauana moxr trt ccosnarntna, ocnonana na
ro sanncnmocrn or ccosnarntnoro, n nn nnos nanxsunntx cocroxnn n
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mn rcno, um nn ncrnn.
o +rnm ntnnxnnm ccosnarntnoro na nnt nnan n ymnno xnsnn mt
ntsnann camtx sntx yxon xnrnxn ncnxoanannsa. ynnnxrct +romy n n
ntr raxx romy, uro conornnnnn nornn nac saxnmuarcx nnmt n
rynocrn nonnmannx ccosnarntnoro nnn n ornocnrntno nocrynnocrn
ontrntx
anntx, xorot ro oxastnamr. nonaram, ono nmr on rnyoxn
nnunnt. runn nxon nannno camonmn unonucrna ntnyxno tno
nrnrt or nayxn na nnnxnx ocxonnnx. no, xora ono ysnano, uro
nama smnx n nnr ncnnno, a xomunax uacrnuxa mnono cncrmt,
nnnunny xoroo na moxno c ncrannrt. no cnxsano nx nac c nmnm
Konnnxa, xorx noono nonosrnamana yx anxcanncxax nayxa. 3arm
nroo, xora nonornucxo nccnonann ynnuroxnno nnnnnrnm cornonnx
unonxa, yxasan my na noncxoxnn ns xnnornoro mna n nncxonnmocrt
ro xnnorno nnot. 3ra nonnxa nonsomna n namn nn no nnnxnnm .
annna, Vonnca (1) n nx nmcrnnnnxon n s oxcrounnmro
conornnnnnx conmnnnxon. o rrn, camt uyncrnnrntnt ya no
unonucxo mannn nnnunx tno cyxno nancrn conmnnomy
ncnxoanannrnucxomy nccnonannm, xoroo yxasano , uro ono n xnnxrcx
ax xosxnnom n cnom om, a ntnyxno onontcrnonartcx xanxnmn
cnnnxmn o rom, uro noncxonr n ro ymnno xnsnn ccosnarntno. o n
+ror nnstn x cxomnocrn ncxonr n nnnt n n rontxo or nac,
ncnxoanannrnxon, onaxo, no-nnnmomy, nam cyxno orcrannart ro camtm
+nrnuntm oasom n nornnrt ]axramn, nonxrntmn xaxomy. rcma
ncomn norcr nornn nam nayxn, orxas or ncxxo axamnucxo
nxnnnocrn n ocnooxnn onnosnnnn or ncxxoro cxnnannx nnarnno
nornxn, n x +romy m nnannxrcx ro, uro mt, xax nt cxoo ysnar,
naymnm noxo +roro mna m n yrnm oasom.
- ---------------------------------------
(1) Vonnc . . (123-1913) - anrnncxn naryanncr. sanncnmo or
annna nnmn x n +nonmnnonnoro asnnrnx nyrm crcrnnnoro oroa.
H KH
onornnnnn n ntrcnnn
Vnaxamt amt n rocnoa! nx roro urot nonnnyrtcx antm n nonnmannn
nnoson, nam nyxnt nont ontrnt annt, n mt accmornm n ns nnx.
nctma nnmuarntnt n n cno nmx noaxann. t x nam nororonnnt namnmn
nomnoronnmn camn.
o-nntx: cnn mt crmnmcx ntnunrt ontnoro, ocnoonrt ro or
onsnnntx cnmnromon, ro on oxastnar nam oxcrounno, ynono
conornnnnn (iderstand), nxmcx n runn ncro nunnx. 3ro
nacrontxo crannt ]axr, uro mt ax n oxnam, urot my nonnnn.
ocrnnnnxam ontnoro nyum ncro nnuro n rononrt o +rom, noromy uro
onn nnxora n noymamr nnuro yroro, xom xax nnnxrt +ro sa
orronoxy, nsnnnxmmym nnrntnocrt nnn nycnmnocrt namro nunnx.
ontno rox moncrnyr nc noxnnnnx +roro conornnnnnx, n cosnanax
ro, n yx ontmo ocrnxnn, cnn nam yarcx oncrn ontnoro o
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nonnmannx +roro conornnnnnx n noxonmocrn cunrartcx c nnm. oymar
rontxo, ontno, xorot rax craar or cnonx cnmnromon n sacrannxr
craart cnonx nnsxnx, xorot roron noxrnonart crontxo nmnn, nr,
cnn n n-
oonnart cx, urot ocnoonrtcx or nnx, +ror ontno oxastnar
conornnnnn nauy n nnrcax cno onsnn. Kaxnm nnoxrntm onxno
xasartcx raxo yrnxnn! rm n mn +ro rax, n xora nam yxastnamr
na nnoxrnocrt +roro ]axra, nam ocrarcx rontxo ornrnrt, uro +romy crt
cnon ananorn, n nmo, xro nnrnacnn synoro naua nn ncrnnmo syno
onn, yr orranxnnart ro yxy, xora on saxour nnnnsnrtcx x ontnomy
syy c mnnnamn.
onornnnnn ontntx usntuano asnooasno, n ntcm crnnn
yronunno, uacro ryno acnosnarcx, nocroxnno mnxr ]omy cnoro
noxnnnnx. nx naua +ro snaunr n trt onunntm n ocranartcx no
ornomnnm x nmy nacroox. ncnxoanannrnucxo rannn mt ncnontsym
rxnnxy, xoroax snaxoma nam no ronxonannm cnonnnn. Mt nocnm ontnoro
nnrn n cocroxnn cnoxonoro camonanmnnx, n yrnynxxct n asymtx, n
coomart nc, uro on moxr onnnrt nn +rom no nnyrnnnm omymnnxm:
uyncrna, mtcnn, nocnomnnannx n ro nocnonarntnocrn, n xoroo onn
nosnnxamr. n +rom mt nacrounno nocrram ro n noanartcx
xaxomy-nnyt mornny, xnammmy ntart nnn ycrannrt uro-nno ns
nnmmnx my n ronony mtcn, xorx t onn xasannct cnnmxom nnnxrntmn
nnn cnnmxom ncxomntmn, urot nx ntcxastnart, nnn cnnmxom nnaxntmn, n
ornocxmnmncx x ny, nnn ccmtcnnntmn, rax uro nsaum o nnx n rononrt.
Mt nnymam my nocroxnno cnnrt nnmt sa nonxnocrtm cosnannx,
orxastnartcx or nocroxnno nosnnxamm xnrnxn roro, uro on naxonr, n
ynxm ro, uro ycnx nunnx, a nx ncro ro noonxnrntnocrt,
sanncxr or ooconcrnocrn, c xoroo on yr cnonart +romy ocnonnomy
rxnnucxomy nannny anannsa. s rxnnxn ronxonannx cnonnnn mt snam,
uro nmnno raxn mtcnn, nornn xorotx nosnnxamr nunc-
nnnt comnnnx n nosaxnnx, otuno coxar marnan, nymn x
acxtrnm ccosnarntnoro.
tnnrax +ro ocnonno rxnnucxo nannno, mt onnamcx cnauana roro, uro
nc conornnnnn nanannxrcx na nro. ontno ncxucxn ntrarcx nsxart
ro nnncann. o on yrnxar, uro my nnuro n nnxonr n ronony,
ro, uro nanamnnarcx rax mnoro, uro on nnuro n moxr nonxrt. an mt c
nnnxrntm ynnnnnm samuam, uro on noarcx ro onomy, ro yromy
xnrnucxomy nosaxnnm; on ntar cx nnnntmn naysamn, xorot
onycxar n cnonx ntcxastnannxx. ora on nnsnarcx, uro crnnrntno n
moxr +roro cxasart, crtnrcx n cunrarcx c +rnm mornnom, ncmorx na cno
omann. nn my uro-ro nnxonr n ronony, no +ro xacarcx yroro nnna,
a n ro camoro, n no+romy on ncxnmunn +ro ns coomnnx. nn uro rnt
my nnmno n ronony crnnrntno cnnmxom nnaxno, cnnmxom rnyno n
cnnmxom ccmtcnnno, nt n mor x on noymart, uro onxn
ocranannnnartcx na raxnx mtcnxx, n rax noonxarcx n cuncnnntx
nanannxx, na uro nnxonrcx nosaxart, uro rononrt nc - snaunr
crnnrntno rononrt nc.
na nn ncrrnmt ontnoro, xorot n ntrancx t coxannrt xaxym-ro
onacrt, urot nranrt x n ocryn nx nunnx. ax, onn, xorooro x
nnuncnxn x ntcm crnnn nnrnnnrnrntm, nnxmn ymanunnan o nnrnmno
nmonno cnxsn n, xora x noronan or nro oxcnnn sa naymnn
cnxroro nannna, ntnnnyn n samnry arymnr: on yman, uro +ra ncronx -
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ro nnuno no. asymrcx, anannrnucxo nunn n onycxar raxoro
nana na yxnm. onoyr-xa n raxom roo, xax na, onycrnrt
ncxnmunn nx xaxoro-ro mcra, no tcoxoro tnxa n nxnn cn. r]ana,
oxnnn, uro ram nntsx nonsnonrt acrt, n nocraarct sarm nomart
xaxoro-nnyt nsncrnoro ncrynnnxa. ro nntsx yr narn nn n xaxom
nnom mcr, xax rontxo n +rom yxnm. naxt x mnncx nocrannrt
unonxy, ryocnoconocrt xorooro tna oxrnnno ount naxna, raxo
nano na ncxnmunn, noromy uro on naxonncx no cnyxno nncxro,
sanmamm my coomart yromy onnnnt nmn. n, nana, tn
ononn ycnxom nunnx, no x nr, n x mnn nnt nn noontx ycnonnxx
n nonroxrt ontra.
raammn nnosom nanxsunntx cocroxnn nxacno ymmr cnart nourn
nnnrontm rxnnucxo nannno rm, uro ornocxrcx x nmy c uyncrnom
nontmnno concrnnnocrn n comnnnx. crnxn, craammn craxom,
ntnonnxmr ro, onox ad asurdum,* rax xax onn nocnonsnoxr rontxo r
mtcnn, xorot nacrontxo anxn or ncxomoro, uro nnuro n amr nx
anannsa. o x n namn nnonrt nac n aso +rnx rxnnucxnx rynocr.
ocrarouno roro, uro n xonn xonnon naroax mnrntnocrn n
nacrounnocrn yarcx ornonart y conornnnnnx nsncrnym onm nounnnnx
ocnonnomy rxnnucxomy nannny, n rora ono nnocnrcx na yrym onacrt.
no ntcrynar xax nnrnnxryantno conornnnnn, orcx nn nomomn
arymnron, nontsyrcx rynocrxmn n nnanonoontmn nonoxnnxmn,
xorot nomantno, no n ocnomnnno mtmnnn naxonr n anannrnucxnx
ronxx. ora nam cono nnxonrcx ntcnymnnart nc nosaxnnx n xnrnxy,
xorot xoom asamrcx n nayuno nnrary. ax uro nx nac nr nnuro
nonoro n rom, uro nam xnuar nsnn. 3ro nacroxmax yx n craxan not.
naxo c nannnrom moxno norononrt; on nocnr nac ocnomnxrt ro,
noyuart, ononrart, yxasart my nnraryy, nsyunn xoroym, on mor t
nnocrn nont snannx. n oxorno roron crart cro-
- ---------------------------------------
* o acya (nar.). - nm. n.
onnnxom ncnxoanannsa nn ycnonnn, urot ananns nomann t ro nnuno. o
mt ysnam n +ro nmosnarntnocrn conornnnnn, yxnonnn or namnx
cnnnantntx saau n ornram . V nnornxa c nanxsunntm cocroxnnm mt
onxnt oxnart ocoo raxrnxn conornnnnnx. n uacro cnnxrcrnnno
nosnonxr nrn anannsy cnonm xoom, rax uro n saraxax ro cnyuax
saonnannx nnorarcx nc ontm xcnocrn, no n xonn xonnon mt
naunnam ynnnxrtcx, uro +romy asxcnnnm n coornrcrnyr nnxaxo
naxrnucxn ycnx, nr nnxaxoro ncusnonnnx cnmnromon. ora mt moxm
onayxnrt, uro conornnnnn orcrynnno sa comnnn, cnocrnnno nnosy
nanxsunntx cocroxnn, n c +ro nosnnnn ycnmno ar nam orno. ontno
cxasan c nnnnsnrntno cnymm: nc +ro nxacno n nnrcno.
oxorno nocmorm, uro yr antm. 3ro ount nsmnnno t mom onsnt, cnn
t tno nno. o nt x conmnno n nm, uro +ro nannntno, a noxa x
+romy n nm, mo onsnn nnuro n xacarcx. ax moxr onro
noonxartcx, noxa cam n omt o +roro noranoro mcra, n rora
naunnarcx mnrntnax ota.
nrnnxryantnt conornnnnnx n camt xymn, na nnmn ncra
oxnnamt noy. o nannnr, ocranaxct n amxax anannsa, ymr raxx
cosanart raxn conornnnnnx, noonnn xorotx ornocnrcx x camtm
ryntm rxnnucxnm saauam. mcro roro urot ncnomnnart, on
nocnonsnonr ns cno xnsnn raxn ycranonxn n uyncrna, xorot
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noccrnom rax nastnamoro "nncnnx" (ertragung) moxno ncnontsonart
nx conornnnnnx nauy n nunnm. cnn nannnr - myxunna, on r +ror
marnan, xax nannno, ns cnoro ornomnnx x orny, na mcro xorooro on
crannr naua, n raxnm oasom cosar conornnnnn ns cnoro crmnnnx x
nnuno n nnrnnxryantno camocroxrntnocrn, ns cno-
ro ucronmnx, xoroo nnno cnom nnym nnt n rom, urot noaxart orny
nnn nnsorn ro, ns ro nxnannx nroo as n xnsnn nsxrt na cx mx
naroanocrn. oo nosnnxar nnuarnnn, yro y ontnoro crt
namnn noxasart, uro nau n nan, art my nouyncrnonart cno
ccnnn, oxart na nnm nx, xoroo nonnocrtm samnxr nyum
namnn noxonunrt c onsntm. nmnnt nx nn conornnnnnx ymmr
macrcxn ncnontsonart nxno, +ornucxn nouxnyro nncnn na
naua. n nsncrno cnn +ro cxnonnocrn nonaar ncxxn nnrc x
crnnrntno cnryannn nunnx, n ncnonnxrcx nn ono ns oxsarntcrn,
nsxrtx na cx n nauan ro, a nnxora n nxamammaxcx nnocrt, a raxx
rout ns-sa nnsxnoro, xorx n ocrooxnoro orxasa n ornrnom uyncrn
onxnt cocrnonart yxymnnm nnunoro ornomnnx x nauy n, raxnm oasom,
ncxnmunrt ony ns camtx moryunx crnymmnx cnn anannsa.
ntsx onocroonn ocyxart conornnnnnx +roro oa. nn coxar mnoro
naxnmro marnana ns nomnoro ontnoro, nocnonsnoxr ro n raxo
ynrntno ]om, uro cranonxrcx nannyum onoo anannsa, cnn nx,
ymno ncnontsyx rxnnxy, nanannrt n nyxno ycno. 3amuarntno rontxo ro,
uro cnauana +ror marnan cnyxnr conornnnnnm n ntcrynar cno
naxno nunnm croono. Moxno raxx cxasart, uro +ro xaaxrnt
cnocrna, ycranonxn , xorot nycxamrcx n xo nx ott c nsmnnnxmn, x
xorotm mt crmnmcx. n +rom ysnamt, xax oasonannct +rn xaaxrnt
cnocrna n cnxsn c ycnonnxmn |63|
V nac n onxno raxx cxnatnartcx nnuarnnnx, uro n noxnnnnn +rnx
conornnnnn mt ycmarnnam nnnnnnym onacnocrt nx anannrnucxoro
nnnxnnx. r, mt snam, uro +rn conornnnnnx onxnt noxnnrtcx; mt rontxo
tnam nonontnt, cnn ntstnam nx nocrarouno xcno n n moxm oxcnnrt
nx ontnomy. axonn, mt nonnmam, uro noonnn +rnx conornnnnn
xnnxrcx cymcrnnntm ocrnxnnm anannsa n ro uacrn aort, xoroax
rontxo n ar nam ynnnocrt, uro mt uro-ro onnnct y ontnoro.
nantr x +romy, uro ontno nontsyrcx ncmn ncruammnmncx no nmx
nunnx cnyuanocrxmn, urot nommart my, nmtm ornnxammnm or nro
cotrnm, nmtm naxntm ntnaom n ac anannsa co croont
anronrrnoro n ro xyry unonxa, cnyuantm nnn conxxnntm c nnosom
orannucxnm saonnannm, uro ax nmo ynyumnn cnoro cocroxnnx on
ncnontsyr xax nono nx ocnannnx cnoro craannx, n nt nonyunr
nnnnsnrntnym n nc m n nonnym xarnny ]om n ccrn conornnnnnx,
n ot c xorotm noxonr nmo ananns. rax noono ocranonnncx na
+rom nynxr, noromy uro onxn nam cxasart, uro +rn namn annt o
conornnnnnn nnornxon ycrannnm nx cnmnromon nrnn n ocnony namro
nnamnucxoro nsrnxa na nnos. n x cam cnauana sannmannct
ncnxorann nn nomomn rnnnosa; nnym nannnrxy ncra nunn n
cocroxnnn rnnnornucxoro nnymnnx, n +rom x nnauan cnonan my.
osnamct, uro rora aora mna nru n nnxrn, a raxx namnoro tcr.
o syntrart tnn nnocroxnnt n coxanxnnct n runn nnoonxnrntnoro
nmnn, no+romy x n xonn xonnon orxasancx or rnnnosa. rora x nonxn,
uro nn ncnontsonannn rnnnosa nnosmoxno tno nonxrt nnamnxy +rnx
noaxnn. 3ro cocroxnn xax as n n nosnonxno nauy samrnrt
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cymcrnonann conornnnnnx. no oronnrano conornnnnn na sann nnan,
ocnooxano onnnnym onacrt nx anannrnucxo aort n
cocorounnano ro na rannnax +ro onacrn rax, uro ono cranonnnoct
nnoonnmtm, noono comnnnm, nosnnxammmy nn nnos nanxsunntx
cocroxnn. o+romy x nmm nano cxasart, uro nonnnnt ncnxoananns nauancx
c orxasa or nomomn rnnnosa.
o cnn nonoc o conornnnnnn rax snaunm, ro n cnyr nn nam ntasnrt
ocrooxno comnnn: n cnnmxom nn mnoro mt oxcnxm conornnnnnm?
Moxr trt, crnnrntno crt cnyuan nnoson, nn xorotx acconnannn n
nosnnxamr no yrnm nnunnam, moxr trt, onot nornn namnx nnoctnox
crnnrntno sacnyxnnamr coxarntnoro ocyxnnx, n mt nocrynam
ncnannnno, rax annoymno oronnrax n croony nnrnnxryantnym xnrnxy
anannsnymoro xax conornnnnn. a, ynaxamt rocnoa, no mt nnrxo
nnmnn x raxomy ntnoy. Mt nmm nosmoxnocrt nanmart xaxoro raxoro
xnrnxymmro nannnra nn noxnnnnn n nocn ncusnonnnx conornnnnnx.
noncc nunnx conornnnnn nocroxnno mnxr cnom nnrncnnnocrt; ono
ncra acrr, xora nnnnxamtcx x nono rm, ocrnrar nanontm cnnt
na ntcor asaorxn n cnona cnnxarcx, xora rma ncunana. cnn n
onycrnrt ocotx rxnnucxnx omnox, ro moxno nnxora n nmrt na c
nonno mo conornnnnnx, na xoroo cnocon nannnr. axnm oasom, mt
mornn ynrtcx, uro onn n ror x unonx n noonxnn anannsa
cuncnnno mnoxcrno as ro ocrannxr cnom xnrnucxym ycranonxy, ro
cnona nnnnmar . cnn nam ncronr nncrn n cosnann nonym n
oconno myunrntnym nx nro uacrt ccosnarntnoro,
ro on cranonnrcx o xanocrn xnrnuntm, cnn on antm mnoro nonnman n
nnnnman, ro rnt +rn sanonannx xax yro t ncusnn; n cnom
crmnnnn x onnosnnnn no uro t ro nn crano on moxr nonsnonrt nonno
nnuarnnn a]]xrnnno cnaoymnoro. cnn yanoct nomout my n noonnnn
+roro nonoro conornnnnnx, ro on cnona orar naroasymn n nonnmann.
ro xnrnxa, cnonarntno, n xnnxrcx camocroxrntno, nnymamm
ynaxnn ]ynxnn, ona naxonrcx n nounnnnn a]]xrnnntx ycranonox n
ynannxrcx ro conornnnnnm. cnn my uro-ro n nannrcx, on moxr
ount ocroymno samnmartcx or +roro n oxasartcx ount xnrnuntm; no cnn
my uro-ro ntrono, ro on moxr, nanornn, trt nctma nrxonntm. Moxr
trt, mt nc n namnoro nyum; anannsnymt rontxo noromy rax xcno
onayxnnar +ry sanncnmocrt nnrnnxra or a]]xrnnno xnsnn, uro mt no
nmx anannsa ocrannxm my rax mnoro orounn.
Kaxnm oasom mt cunramcx c rm ]axrom, uro ontno rax +nrnuno
nornnnrcx ycrannnm cnonx cnmnromon n noccranonnnnm nomantnoro runnx
ro ymnntx nonccon? Mt rononm c, uro nouyncrnonann sct ontmn
cnnt, oxastnammn conornnnnn nsmnnnm cocroxnnx; +ro, onxno trt, r
x cnnt, xorot n cno nmx nnnynrntno ntsnann +ro cocroxnn. n
oasonannn cnmnromon noncxonno, onxno trt, uro-ro raxo, uro mt,
asratnax cnmnromt, moxm xoncrynonart no nammy ontry. s nanmnnx
a mt yx snam, uro nnoctnxo nx cymcrnonannx cnmnroma xnnxrcx
ro, uro xaxo-ro ymnnt noncc n nonsomn o xonna nomantntm
oasom, rax uro on n mor crart cosnarntntm. nmnrom ncrannxr coo
samcrnrnt roro, uro n ocymcrnnnoct. nt mt snam, x xaxo
roux nnnararcx crnn nnonaramo cnnt. nntno conornnnnn
onxno tno nanannrtcx nornn roro, urot ynomxnyrt ymnnt noncc
nonnx n cosnann; no+romy on ocrancx ccosnarntntm. Kax
ccosnarntnt, on onaar cnoconocrtm oasonart cnmnrom. o x camo
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conornnnnn no nmx anannrnucxoro nunnx nnont nornnocrnyr
crmnnnm nncrn ccosnarntno n cosnann. 3ro mt omymam xax
conornnnnn. arornnt noncc, noxnnxmmncx n nn conornnnnnx,
sacnyxnnar nasnannx ntrcnnnx (Verdrangung).
+rom noncc ntrcnnnx mt onxnt cocrannrt c on onnnno
ncrannnn. no xnnxrcx nnoctnxo oasonannx cnmnromon, no ono
ntcrynar raxx xax ro, umy mt n snam ananoron. cnn mt nostmm, x
nnmy, nmnyntc, ymnnt noncc, crmxmncx nnarnrtcx n crnn,
ro mt snam, uro on moxr trt orxnonn, n +ro mt nastnam orxasom nnn
ocyxnnm. n +rom y nro ornnmarcx +nrnx, xoroo on acnonarar, on
cranonnrcx ccnntntm, no moxr coxannrtcx xax nocnomnnann. ct noncc
nnnxrnx mnnx o nm noxonr no xonronm . oncm nno no, cnn mt
ncrannm c, uro +ror x nmnyntc nonxnr ntrcnnnm. ora on
coxannn t cnom +nrnm n o nm n ocranoct t nnxaxoro nocnomnnannx, a
noncc ntrcnnnx conmnncx t raxx nsamrno nx . axnm oasom, +ro
cannnn n nnnnxar nac x nonnmannm cymnocrn ntrcnnnx.
xouy coomnrt nam, xaxn rornucxn ncrannnnx oxasannct
nncrnnno nnmnmtmn, urot nnart nonxrnm ntrcnnnx ontmym
onnnnocrt. x ncro, nam noxonmo nrn or uncro
onncarntnoro cmtcna cnona "ccosnarntno" x cncrmarnucxomy, r. . mt
mamcx cxasart, uro co-
snarntnocrt nnn ccosnarntnocrt ncnxnucxoro noncca xnnxrcx nnmt
onnm ns ro cnocrn, xoroo moxr trt nonosnauntm. cnn raxo noncc
ocrancx ccosnarntntm, ro +ro orcyrcrnn cosnannx, trt moxr, rontxo
snax nocrnrm ro cytt, no n cama cyta. nx roro urot narnxno
ncrannrt +ry cyty, nnonoxnm, uro ncxxn ymnnt noncc - sct
onxno trt onymno ncxnmunn, o xoroom yr ynomxnyro nnx, - cnauana
cymcrnyr n ccosnarntno crann nnn ]as n rontxo ns n nxonr n
cosnarntnym ]asy, nnmno xax ]orora]nucxo nsoaxnn ncrannxr
coo cnauana nrarnn n sarm naroax nosnrnnnomy nonccy cranonnrcx
nsoaxnnm. o n ns ncxxoro nrarnna nonyuarcx nosnrnn, n rax x n
oxsarntno, urot ncxxn ccosnarntnt ymnnt noncc nnamancx n
cosnarntnt. ntmn cnonamn: orntnt noncc nxonr cnauana n
ncnxnucxym cncrmy ccosnarntnoro n moxr sarm nn nsncrntx ycnonnxx
nrn n cncrmy cosnarntnoro.
amo ryo n camo yono nx nac ncrannnn o +rnx cncrmax - +ro
nocrancrnnno. Mt cannnnam cncrmy ccosnarntnoro c ontmo
nn, n xoroo xonomarcx, noono orntntm cymcrnam, ymnnt
nnxnnx. K +ro nn nnmtxar yrax xomnara, on ysxax, no
rocrnno, n xoroo raxx ntnar n cosnann. o na noor mxy onmn
xomnaramn cronr na nocry crax, xorot accmarnnar xaxo ymnno
nnxnn n orntnocrn, nonrar nnsy n n nycxar n rocrnnym, cnn
ono my n nannrcx. t casy nonnmar, uro nontmax asnnna - orronxr
nn crax xaxo-ro nnxnn yx c noora nnn noronxr ro onxrt sa noor
nocn roro, xax ono nonnxno n rocrnnym. no nnmt n ro nrntnocrn n
cnonmnnom acnosna-
nannn. nxnnaxct +roro oasnoro cannnnx, mt moxm asaorart
antm namy nomnxnaryy. ymnnt nnxnnx n nn ccosnarntnoro
nocrynnt nsoy cosnannx, naxoxmrocx n yro xomnar; onn cnauana
onxnt ocranartcx ccosnarntntmn. cnn onn yx oannct o noora, n
crax nx ornr, ro onn n cnocont nonnxnyrt n cosnann; mt nastnam nx
ntrcnnntmn. o n r ymnnt nnxnnx, xorot crax nonycrnn us
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noor, ncncrnn +roro n oxsarntno cranonxrcx cosnarntntmn; onn moryr
crart raxontmn rontxo n rom cnyua, cnn nm yacrcx nnnnut x c nsot
cosnannx. o+romy c nonntm nanom mt nastnam +ry nroym xomnary cncrmo
ncosnarntnoro (Vorewu?te), o x snam, nt cxaxr, uro +rn
ncrannnnx cront x ryt, cxont ]anracrnunt n conmnno nonycrnmt n
nayunom nsnoxnnn. snam, uro onn ryt; on roro, mt snam raxx, uro
onn nnannntnt, n cnn mt n ount omnamcx, ro y nac yx rorona nyumax
samna. snam, noxaxyrcx nn onn nam cront x ]anracrnuntmn. oxa +ro
ncnomorarntnt ncrannnnx no unonuxa mna, nnanammro n
+nxrnucxom rox, n nmn n cnyr nnrart, nocxontxy onn nomoramr
nonxrt nanmamt ]axrt. Mory nac ynnrt, uro +rn ryt nnonoxnnx o
nyx xomnarax, o crax na noor mxy nnmn n o cosnannn xax nanmarn
n xonn nrooro sana nc-raxn
ount nnsxn x crnnrntnomy nonoxnnm nm. Mn xornoct t raxx
ycntmart or nac nnsnann, uro namn nasnannx ornomnn - ccosnarntno,
ncosnarntno, cosnarntno - mn cnocont nncrn n sanyxnn n
on onanannt, um yrn nnaramt n ynornxmt, xax-ro:
nocosnarntno (unterewu?t), oxonocosnarntno (neenewu?t),
nnyrncosnarntno (innenewu?t) n r. n.
o+romy m on snaunmtm nx mnx yr, cnn nt mn yxaxr, uro raxo
ycrocrno ymnnoro annaara, xoroo x nnonoxnn, oxcnxx
nnornucxn cnmnromt, onxno tno t nmrt om snaunn n,
cnonarntno, oraxart raxx n nomantno ]ynxnnonnonann. +rom nt,
xonuno, nant. uac mt n moxm nnnxart n cyrt +roro ntnoa, no nam
nnrc x ncnxonornn oasonannx cnmnromon usntuano nosacrar, cnn
naroax nsyunnm naronornucxnx ornomnn nosnnxnr ncnxrnna
asoartcx n cront rnyoxo cxtrtx nomantntx ymnntx nonccax.
noum, asn nt n ysnar, na um ocnontnarcx nam nnonoxnn o
nyx cncrmax, ornomnnn mxy nnmn n x cosnannm? t crax mxy
ccosnarntntm n ncosnarntntm - n uro nno, xax nnsya, xoroo,
xax mt snam, nonrarcx oasonann xnnoro cnonnnnx. crarxn nnntx
nnuarnnn, n xorotx mt ysnam noynrn cnonnnnx, tnn
ncosnarntntm marnanom, ncntranmnm noutm n cocroxnnn cna nnnxnn
ccosnarntntx n ntrcnnntx xnann n naroax nx +nrnn cymnmnm
oasonart nmcr c nnmn cxtro cnonnnn. o annnnm ccosnarntno
cncrmt +ror marnan nonrcx naorx - crymnnm n cmmnnm, xorot
n nomantno ymnno xnsnn, r. . n n-cosnarntnom, nnsncrnt n
onycrnmt nnmt n nn
ncxnmunnx. 3ro asnnun n cnoco aort crano nx nac xaaxrncrnxo
onx cncrm; ornomnn x cosnannm, xoroo connno c ncosnarntntm,
mt cunrann rontxo nnsnaxom nnnanxnocrn x ro nnn yro cncrm. t
cnonnnn yx n naronornucxn ]nomn; ono moxr noxnnrtcx y ncx
soontx n ycnonnxx cocroxnnx cna. axo nnonoxnn o cryxry
ymnnoro annaara, xoroo nosnonxr nam nonxrt xax nosnnxnonnn
cnonnnnx, rax n nosnnxnonnn nnornucxnx cnmnromon, nmr nocnonmo
nano na ro, urot trt nnnxrtm no nnnmann n nn nomantno ymnno
xnsnn.
or nc, uro mt xnam cxasart cuac o ntrcnnnn. o ono nnmt
nnoctnxa nx oasonannx cnmnromon. Mt snam, uro cnmnrom - +ro
samcrnrnt uro-ro, umy nommano ntrcnnn. o or ntrcnnnx o
nonnmannx oasonannx +roro samcrnrnx m anxo. cnxsn c ntxnnnnm
ntrcnnnx nosnnxamr nonoct n c yro croont: xaxoro oa ymnnt
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nnxnnx nonxar ntrcnnnm, xaxnmn cnnamn ono ocymcrnnxrcx, no xaxnm
mornnam? o +romy nonoy nam o cnx no nsncrno rontxo ono. n
nccnonannn conornnnnnx mt ysnann, uro ono ncxonr ns cnn , ns
nsncrntx n cxtrtx cnocrn xaaxra. nonarntno, onn n nosaornnnct o
ntrcnnnn nnn, no xan m, yuacrnonann n nm(1). c ocrantno nam
noxa nnsncrno.
yr nam na nomomt nnxonr nroo ]axr, o xoroom x rononn. s anannsa mt
n camtx omnx urax moxm yxasart, uro xnnxrcx nntm nnornucxnx
cnmnromon. n +rom nx nac nr nnuro nonoro. nam yx noxasan +ro na
nyx nnmax nnoson. ana,
- ---------------------------------------
(1) antnmm (cm. "oonxnn nxnn") ncrounnxom conornnnnnx n
nnunno ntrcnnnx u nnsnan yn-+ro.
uro snauar na nnma? t nnan noronart, urot +ro moncrnonanoct
nam ncrn, cuncnnno mnoxcrno as. a rontxo n rom, uro x n mory
+roro cnart. cnonnym ont sct nnont nramr cocrnnnt ontr nnn na,
xoroax moxr onrtcx n +rom nynxr na nnoymnt yxasannx ncx
ncnxoanannrnxon.
t nomnnr, uro n nyx cnyuaxx, cnmnromt xorotx mt nonrnn rmarntnomy
nccnonannm, ananns nocnxrnn nac n camym nnrnmnym onacrt cxcyantno
xnsnn +rnx ontntx. nnom cnyua, xom roro, mt oconno xcno nonxnn
nnt nnn rnnnnm nccnonannoro cnmnroma, moxr trt, no nroom cnyua
ona ncxontxo sarmnxrcx ]axroom, o xoroom ut yr nnx. o, uro mt
nnnn n +rnx oonx cnyuaxx, nam nomoncrnonann t n yrn
nonrnyrt anannsy cnyuan. nanns ncxxn as nnnonn t nac x
cxcyantntm nxnnannxm n xnannxm ontnoro, n ncxxn as mt onxnt tnn
t ycranannnnart, uro nx cnmnromt cnyxar ono n ro x nnn. 3ra nnt
orxtnarcx nam n yonnrnonnn cxcyantntx xnann; cnmnromt cnyxar
cxcyantnomy yonnrnonnm ontntx, onn xnnxmrcx samcrnrnxmn raxoro
yonnrnonnx, xorooro onn nnmnt n xnsnn.
nnomnnr nanxsunno crnn nam nno nannnrxn. nmnna nnmarcx
cnoro roxuo nmnmoro myxa, c xorotm ona n moxr asnxrt xnsnt ns-sa
ro nocrarxon n cnaocr. na onxna ocranartcx nno my, ona n
moxr samnnrt ro yrnm. nanxsunnt cnmnrom ar ro, uro ona
xaxr, - nosntmar myxa, ornnar, ncnannxr ro cnaocrn, nx
ncro ro nmnornnnm. cymnocrn, +ror cnmnrom xnnxrcx ncnonnnnm
xnannx rouno rax x, xax cnonnnn, a nmnno, um cnonnnn tnar
anxo n ncra, ncnonnnnm +ornucxoro x-
nannx. cnyua nam nroo nannnrxn nt, no xan m, mornn nonxrt,
uro nmonnan crmnrcx nommart nonontm cnomnnxm onrn nnn
orcounrt nx, urot n syntrar n noxnnncx nont nox. t, noxrno,
oraannct, uro, n cymnocrn, ona crmnrcx x romy, urot nocrannrt cx na
mcro marn. nonarntno, onxrt ycrannn nomx n cxcyantnom
yonnrnonnn n ncnonnnnn cocrnnntx cxcyantntx xnann. nxoroom
namrnnmmcx sct ocnoxnnnn ut yr nnx.
Vnaxamt rocnoa! xorn t nsxart roro, urot nnocncrnnn nart
orcrynnnnx ornocnrntno omro xaaxra monx yrnxnn, n no+romy
oamam nam nnnmann na ro, uro nc, uro x sct ronom o ntrcnnnn,
oasonannn cnmnromon n nx snaunnn, tno ntxcnno na marnan rx ]om
nnoson: ncrnn craxa, xonncnonno ncrnn n nnosa nanxsunntx
cocroxnn - n cnauana ornocnnoct rontxo x +rnm ]omam. 3rn rn
saonnannx, xorot mt nnntxnn onnxrt n ony rynny "nnoson
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nncnnx" (ertragungsneurosen), orannunnamr raxx onacrt nnnoxnnx
ncnxoanannrnucxo rannn. yrn nnost nsyunt ncnxoanannsom n roaso
mntm crnnn; ony rynny nnoson mt oomnn no nnunn nnosmoxnocrn
rannrnucxoro nnnxnnx. satnar raxx, uro ncnxoananns m ount
monoax nayxa, uro on ryr mnoro rya n nmnn nx nororonxn n uro
o nannro nmnn on asaartnancx onnm unonxom. o mt roront
yrnynrtcx no nccroonn nosnann +rnx yrnx saonnann, n
ornocxmnxcx x nnosam nncnnx. amct, x cmory m noxasart nam,
nacxontxo acmnxmrcx namn nnonoxnnx n syntrart, nncnocannnaxct x
+romy nonomy marnany, n uro +rn antnmn nccnonannx nnnnn n x
nornnounxm, a x ycranonnnnm
nncrna na on ntcoxom yonn. rax, cnn nc cxasanno sct nmr
ornomnn x rm nnosam nncnnx, ro nosnontr mn cnauana nontcnrt
asymrcx, nosmoxnt m mnorn nosaxnnx nornn nonoxnnx, uro
nnornucxn cnmnromt xnnxmrcx samcrnrnxmn cxcyantnoro yonnrnonnx.
a nyx ns nnx x xouy cronx ocranonnrtcx. cnn nt camn anannrnucxn
ocnonann ontmo uncno nnornxon, ro, nosmoxno, cxaxr, xauax
ronono: n x cnyuan +ro nt conmnno n noxonr, cnmnromt, xax
xaxrcx, coxar conmnno nornnononoxnym nnt: ncxnmunrt nonono
yonnrnonn nnn orxasartcx or nro. n yy ocnannart nannntnocrt
namro ronxonannx. ncnxoanannrnucxo rouxn snnx uacro nc sct
ncxontxo cnoxn, um nam xourcx. cnn t no ocroxno rax nocro, ro,
nosmoxno, n ronanoct t ncnxoanannsa, urot nc +ro ncxtrt.
crnnrntno, yx nxorot urt nmonnana nam nroo nannnrxn
onayxnnamr ro acxrnucxn, naxnt cxcyantnomy yonnrnonnm
xaaxr, nannm, xora ona ycranxr uact, uro nmr marnucxn cmtcn
nsxart nountx +xnn, nnn xora ona xour nynnrt nann n nomxy
cocyon, uro annocnntno samnr ncrnnnocrn. yrnx cnyuaxx,
xorot x nmn nosmoxnocrt anannsnonart, +ror
ornnarntnt xaaxr nocrntnoro nmonnana tn ntaxn roaso xu;
nmonnan mor cnnomt cocroxrt ns samnrntx m nornn cxcyantntx
nocnomnnann n ncxymnn. naxo n ncnxoananns mt yx rax uacro
yxannct, uro nornnononoxnocrn n osnauamr nornnounx. Mt mornn t
asnnrt nam yrnxnn n rom cmtcn, uro cnmnromt nmmr nntm nnn
cxcyantno yonnrnonn, nnn samnry or nro, a nmnno nn ncrnn n
omm uam ncruarcx nonoxnrntnt, ncnonnxmmn xnannx xaaxr
rax-ro nrxo ycrannrt nroo comnnn. cnn nt nocmornr ontmo
xonnucrno ronxonann cnmnromon, ro cnauana y nac, noxrno, cnoxnrcx
mnnn, uro nonxrn cxcyantnoro yonnrnonnx xan mnoxo. t n
nmnnr nouxnyrt, uro +rn cnmnromt n amr nx yonnrnonnx nnuro
antnoro, uro ocrarouno uacro onn orannunnamrcx oxnnnnnm xaxoro-ro
omymnnx nnn nsoaxnnm xaxo-ro ]anrasnn ns cxcyantnoro xomnnxca.
an, ro, uro mt nastna-
m cxcyantntm yonnrnonnm, rax uacro onayxnnar rcxn n
nnncront xaaxr, nnnnxarcx x onanncrnucxomy axry nnn nanomnnar
nuncronnornt nnntuxn, xorot sanmamr yx rxm n oryuamr or nnx.
xom roro, nt ntasnr cno ynnnnn, uro sa nonono yonnrnonn
xorxr ntart ro, uro onxno trt onncano xax yonnrnonn xcroxnx nnn
ornarnrntntx, ax sacnyxnnammnx nasnannx nornnocrcrnnntx, cracr.
+rom nocnnm nynxr, ynaxamt rocnoa, mt n ocrnrnm nonnmannx,
noxa n nonrnm ocnonarntnomy nsyunnm cxcyantnym xnsnt unonxa n n
ycranonnm nn +rom, uro nmr nano nastnartcx cxcyantntm.
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H KH
xcyantnax xnsnt unonxa (1)
Vnaxamt amt n rocnoa! Moxr noxasartcx, uro nr nnxaxnx comnnn n
rom, uro cnyr nonnmart no "cxcyantntm". xcyantno nx ncro -
+ro nnnnnuno, ro, o um nntsx rononrt. Mn accxastnann, uro yunnxn
onoro snamnnroro ncnxnara nontrannct xax-ro ynrt cnoro yunrnx n
rom, uro cnmnromt ncrnxon uacro nsoaxamr cxcyantnt nxnnannx.
+ro nntm onn nonnn ro x xonarn ono ncrnuno ontno, nnnaxn
xoroo ncomnnno nsoaxann noncc oon. o on yxnonunno ornrnn: rax
nt ot nonc n cxcyantno. asymrcx, n no ncx cnyuaxx ot - +ro
uro-ro nnnnnuno.
samuam, nam n nannrcx, uro x myuy o raxnx ctsntx nmax. o +ro n
concm myrxa. Ionox ctsno, n rax-ro nrxo onnnrt, uro cocrannxr
- ---------------------------------------
(1) cnonno nonsnnn ua no +ro rm - "n ouxa no ronn
cxcyantnocrn" (1905), ono n antnmm nonoxarno nnsananoct c
ontmnm xonnucrnom ononnnn n ncnannnn. Marnan +ro n cnymm
nxnn nsxr ns +roro nonsnnnx, ntsnanmro oxcrounnt ncxyccnn cn
nnonoron n ncnxnaron n orronxnynmro or ua mnornx ns rx, xro
nx couyncrnnno ornocnncx x ncnxoanannsy.
coxann nonxrnx "cxcyantno". Moxr trt, nncrnnno nntm tno t
cxasart - nc, uro cnxsano c asnnunm nyx nonon, no nt nar +ro
cnnrntm n cnnmxom omnm. cnn nt nocrannr n nnr ]axr nononoro axra,
ro, moxr trt, cxaxr: cxcyantno - +ro nc ro, uro nontnarcx c
rnom, n uacrnocrn c nonontmn oranamn yroro nona c nntm nonyunnx
nacnaxnnx, n n xonunom nror nanannno na connnn rnnrann n
ncnonnnn nononoro axra. o rora nt n camom n nanxn or
nnannnnannx cxcyantnoro x nnnnnunomy, n ot crnnrntno n
ornocxrcx x cxcyantnomy. o cnn cyrtm cxcyantnocrn nt nocunrar
noonxnn oa, ro ncxyr ncxnmunrt nnt x nm, xorot n cnyxar
noonxnnm oa n nc-raxn onnnno cxcyantnt, xax, nannm,
macryannx n ax nonny. o mt nt yx ynnnct, uro nontrxn anart
onnnnx ncra ntstnamr sarynnnx, n ym ymart, uro nmnno n
+rom cnyua no ocronr no-yromy. Mt noosnam, uro n asnnrnn
nonxrnx "cxcyantno" nonsomno nuro raxo, uro, no yaunomy ntaxnnm I.
3nnta, nonnxno sa coo "omnxy nanoxnnx" ("erdeckungsIehler").
o n nnom nt mt n concm yx n asnamcx n rom, uro nmn nastnamr
cxcyantntm.
3ro ro, uro cxnatnarcx ns yura nornnononoxnocrn nonon, nonyunnx
nacnaxnnx, noonxnnx oa n xaaxra cxtnamoro nnnnnunoro, -
raxoro onnnnx yr ocrarouno nx ncx naxrnucxnx ronann
xnsnn. o ro nocrarouno nx nayxn. oromy uro naroax rmarntntm
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nccnonannxm, cranmnm nosmoxntmn rontxo naroax roronomy na xrnt
camonoonnnm, mt nosnaxomnnnct c rynnamn nnnnnon, "cxcyantnax
xnsnt" xorotx camtm sxnm oasom orxnonxrcx or otunoro cnro
ncrannnnx. nn ns +rnx "nsnamnntx" nc-
xnmunnn, rax cxasart, ns cno norammt asnnun nonon. ontxo nmn
onoro c nnmn nona moryr nosynrt nx cxcyantnt xnannx; yro non,
oconno ro nonont orant, noom n xnnxrcx nx nnx nonontm oxrom,
n xannx cnyuaxx ax ntstnar ornamnn. m camtm onn, crcrnnno,
orxasannct or ncxxoro yuacrnx n noonxnnn oa. axnx nnn mt nastnam
romocxcyanncramn, nnn nnnrnonanntmn. 3ro myxunnt n xnmnnt, onontno
uacro - no n ncra - sycnonno oasonannt, nnrnnxryantno asnnrt n
ntcoxonancrnnnt, orxrunnt nnmt +rnm onnm oxontm orxnonnnm. Vcramn
cnonx nayuntx samnrnnxon onn ntamr cx sa ocoym asnonnnocrt
unonucxoro rnna, sa "rrn non", annonanno cymcrnymmn naxy c
nymx yrnmn. trt moxr, nam ncrannrcx cnyua xnrnucxn
noanannsnonart nx nnrxsannx. asymrcx, onn n xnnxmrcx "+nnro"
unonucrna, xax onn nmxr rononrt, a cn nnx nmrcx no mntm m
crontxo x nnonnonnntx n nnxumntx nnnnnon, cxontxo n y nntx n
cxcyantnom ornomnnn nm.
3rn nsnamnnt, no xan m, nocrynamr co cnonm cxcyantntm oxrom
nnmno rax x, xax nomantnt co cnonm. o nmrcx ontmo uncno raxnx
nnomantntx, cxcyantnax xrntnocrt xorotx nc ontm yanxrcx or
roro, uro xaxrcx xnanntm asymnomy unonxy. o asnooasnm n
crannocrn nx moxno cannnrt nnmt c rorcxntmn yoamn, xorotx .
rnt nsoasnn ncxymammnmn cnxroro nronnx, nnn c annnmn oramn n
nymmnmn, xorotx I. uno sacrannxr nonocnrtcx n nnnno nonccnn
n naoxntm xammnmcx rmnnxom. x nao xax-ro xnaccn]nnnonart, urot
nam n sanyrartcx. Mt asnxm nx na raxnx, y xorotx, xax y
romocxcyanncron, nsmnnncx cxcyantnt oxr, n na
yrnx, y xorotx nx ncro nsmnnnact cxcyantnax nnt. K nno
rynn ornocxrcx r, xro orxasancx or connnnx rnnrann n nn nononom
axr samnxr rnnrannn narna yro uacrtm nnn onacrtm rna; nn +rom
onn n cunramrcx c nocrarxamn orannucxoro ycrocrna n ncrynamr
rannnt ornamnnx (or, sann noxo nmcro nnarannma). ma ornocxrcx n
yrn, y xorotx xorx n coxannncx nnrc x rnnrannxm, no n ns-sa
cxcyantntx, a ns-sa yrnx ]ynxnn, n xorotx onn yuacrnymr no
anaromnucxnm nnunnam n ncncrnn coccrna. o nnm mt ysnam, uro
]ynxnnn ntnnnx, xorot nn nocnnrannn nxa oronnramrcx na sann
nnan xax nnnnnunt, moryr ncnno nnnnut x c cxcyantnt nnrc.
an nyr yrn, xorot noom orxasannct or rnnrann xax oxra n
nocrannnn na nx mcro xax xnannt oxr yrym uacrt rna - xncxym
ryt, nory, xocy. 3arm cnymr r, nx xorotx nnuro n snaunr n uacrt
rna, no nc xnannx ntnonnxr xaxo-nno nmr oxt, oynt, uro-nno
ns nnxnro ntx, - ]rnmncrt. nymm mcro n +rom xy sannmamr nnna,
xorot xorx n xnamr nct oxr, no nxnnxmr x nmy conmnno
onnnnt crannt nnn ornarnrntnt ronannx, ax raxn, urot
oxr cran ssamnrntm rynom, n namr ro raxontm n cnom ncrynnom
nacnnnn, urot nacnaxartcx nm. o onontno yxacon ns +ro onacrn!
yrym rynny nosrnannxmr nsnamnnt, nocrannnmn nntm cnonx cxcyantntx
xnann ro, uro n nomantntx ycnonnxx xnnxrcx rontxo ncrynnrntntm n
nororonnrntntm crnnm, a nmnno asrnxtnann n omyntnann yroro
nnna, nnn nornxtnann sa nnm nn ncnonnnnn nnrnmntx ornannnn, nnn
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onaxnn cnonx cocrnnntx uacr rna, xoro-
t onxnt trt cxtrt, n cmyrno nax, uro onn yyr nosnaraxnt
raxnm x ornrntm crnnm. 3arm cnymr saraount cancrt, nxno
crmnnn xorotx n snar nnxaxo nno nnn, xax nnunnnrt cnomy
oxry ont nnn myunn, naunnax c nrxoro ynnxnnx nnnort o rxxntx
rncntx nonxnn, n, xax t nx annoncnx, nx anrnnot - masoxncrt,
nncrnnno yonontcrnn xorotx cocronr n rom, urot ncntrart or
nmnmoro oxra nc ynnxnnx n myunnx n cnmnonnucxo n n antno
]om. mmrcx m n yrn, y xorotx courarcx n nnnrarcx
ncxontxo raxnx nnomantnocr, n, naxonn, mt m ysnam, uro xaxax ns
+rnx rynn cymcrnyr n nyx nnax, uro naxy c rmn, xro nmr
cxcyantnoro yonnrnonnx n antnocrn, crt m yrn, xorot
onontcrnymrcx rm, urot rontxo ncrannrt c raxo yonnrnonn,
xorotm noom n nyxn nnxaxo antnt oxr, rax xax onn moryr
samnnrt ro c ]anrasn.
n +rom n nonxnr nn manmmy comnnnm, uro n +rnx symcrnax,
crannocrxx n msocrxx crnnrntno noxnnxrcx cxcyantnax xrntnocrt
+rnx nm. rontxo onn camn rax nonnmamr n uyncrnymr sammamm
ornomnn, no n mt onxnt cxasart, uro nc +ro nrar n nx xnsnn ry x
ont, uro n nomantno cxcyantno yonnrnonn n nam, sa +ro onn
nnnocxr r x, uacro romant xrnt, n n omm n n uacrnom moxno
nocnnrt, r +rn nnomantnocrn rannuar c nomo, a r orxnonxmrcx or
n. t raxx n moxr n samrnrt, uro xaaxr nnnnnunoro, nncymn
cxcyantno xrntnocrn, nmr mcro n sct, no no ontm uacrn on
ycnnnnarcx o nosonoro.
Kax x, ynaxamt amt n rocnoa, mt ornocnmcx x +rnm notuntm nnam
cxcyantnoro yonnrno-
nnx? osmymnnm, ntaxnnm namro nnunoro ornamnnx n sannnm, uro
mt n asnxm +rn nnxorn, ounnno, nnuro n cnamt. a nac o +rom
nnxro n n cnamnnar. xonn xonnon, +ro raxax x onacrt xnnnn, xax n
yrax. rnnarntnym orronoxy, uro +ro nt rontxo xn n xytsnt
cnyuan, nryno tno t ononrnyrt. aooor, ut nr o ount
uacrtx, mnoxo acnocrannntx xnnnnxx. o cnn t xro-nnyt saxorn
nam cxasart, uro onn n onxnt cnnart nac c ronxy n namnx nsrnxax na
cxcyantnym xnsnt, noromy uro onn nc s ncxnmunnx xnnxmrcx
sanyxnnxmn n naymnnxmn cxcyantnoro nnunnx, ro tn t ymcrn
ctsnt ornr. cnn mt n cymm nonxrt +rn onsnnnt ]omt
cxcyantnocrn n cnxsart nx c nomantno cxcyantno xnsntm, ro mt n
nomm n nomantno cxcyantnocrn. nnm cnonom, n namn cronr
nnsxnax saaua art rornucxo oxcnnn nosmoxnocrn +rom nam
nomoryr nmmmcx nossnn n na nontx ]axra. ntm mt oxsant nany
noxy (1902-1903); on nsmnnn mnnn, uro nc +rn nsnamnnx - "nnsnaxn
rnannn", yxasannm na ro, uro raxn orxnonnnx or cxcyantno nnn,
raxo ocnannn ornomnnx x cxcyantnomy oxry ncruannct c annnx
no, no nc nsncrnt nam nmna, y ncx naoon, xax camtx nnmnrnnntx,
rax n camtx ntcoxonnnnnnsonanntx, cunrannct onycrnmtmn n naxonnn
ncom nnsnann. a ]axra tnn nonyunt n ncnxoanannrnucxom
nccnonannn nnornxon; onn onxnt mnrntntm oasom nsmnnrt nam
nonnmann cxcyantntx nsnamnn.
Mt cxasann, uro nnornucxn cnmnromt xnnxmrcx sammnnm cxcyantnoro
yonnrnonnx, n x
yxasan nam, uro nornxnn +roro nonoxnnx nyrm anannsa cnmnromon
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naronxnrcx na nxorot rynocrn. no onantnarcx rontxo n rom cnyua,
cnn n nonxrn "cxcyantno yonnrnonn" mt nxnmunm rax nastnamt
nsnamnnt cxcyantnt nornocrn, noromy uro raxo ronxonann cnmnromon
nanamnnarcx noasnrntno uacro. nrxsannx romocxcyanncron, nnn
nnnrnonanntx, na ncxnmunrntnocrt casy x rxmr cno cmtcn, xora mt
ysnam, uro yarcx oxasart nannun romocxcyantntx noyxnn y xaxoro
nnornxa n uro snaunrntno uncno cnmnromon ntaxar +ro cxtro
nsnamnn. , xro camn cx nastnamr romocxcyanncramn, ncrannxmr
coo cosnarntno n orxtro nnnrnonanntx, sarxnntx cn ontmoro
uncna cxtrtx romocxcyanncron. o mt ntnyxnt accmarnnart nto
oxra ns cnoro nona nmnno xax saxonomno ornrnnnn nmonno xnsnn
n nnyunt cunrart ro nanon snaunmtm. asymrcx, rm camtm n
ynnuroxamrcx asnnunx mxy orxtro romocxcyantnocrtm n nomantntm
nonnnm; naxrnucxo snaunn ocrarcx, no rornucxax
nnnocrt usntuano ymntmarcx. Mt ax nnonaram, uro ono
saonnann, xoroo mt n cunram on nosmoxntm nnuncnxrt x nnosam
nncnnx, naanox, saxonomno nacrynar ncncrnn nontrxn
conornnnnnx cnnmxom cnntntm romocxcyantntm noyxnnxm. Moxr trt, nt
m nomnnr, uro ona ns namnx nannnrox n cnom nanxsunnom crnnn
nrana ont myxunnt, cnoro cocrnnnoro, ocrannnnoro m myxa; raxo
noxnnnn cnmnromon or nnna myxunnt nctma otuno y nnornucxnx xnmnn.
cnn ro n nntsx nnuncnnrt x camo romocxcyantnocrn, ro ono nc-raxn
nmr rcnym cnxst c nnoctnxamn.
Kax nam, noxrno, nsncrno, cnmnromt ncrnucxoro nnosa moryr
nosnnxnyrt no ncx cncrmax ora-
non n rm camtm naymnrt nc ]ynxnnn. nanns noxastnar, uro nn +rom
noxnnxmrcx nc nasnannt nsnamnnt noyxnnx, crmxmncx samnnrt
rnnrannn yrnmn oranamn. 3rn orant nyr cx nn +rom xax samcrnrnn
rnnrann. mnno naroax cnmnromarnx ncrnn y nac nosnnxno mnnn,
uro orant rna, xom nx ]ynxnnonantno onn, nmmr raxx cxcyantno -
+ornno - snaunn n ncnonnnn +ro ]ynxnnonantno saaun naymarcx,
cnn cxcyantnax cnnmxom onnanar nmn. cuncnnnt omymnnx n
nnnnannn, ntcrynammn xax cnmnromt ncrnn, n oranax, xorot, xaxrcx,
n nmmr c cxcyantnocrtm nnuro omro, acxtnamr n namn, raxnm
oasom, cnom nnoy n ]om ncnonnnnx nsnamnntx cxcyantntx
noyxnn, nn xorotx nasnaunn nonontx nmmr rnt yrn orant.
an, mt nnnm raxx, n xaxo ontmo m nmnno orant nnrannx n
ntnnnx moryr crart nocnrnxmn cxcyantnoro nosyxnnx. 3ro,
cnonarntno, ro x camo, uro nam noxasann nsnamnnx, rontxo n nnx +ro
tno nnno s rya n n nonxano comnnnm, a nn ncrnn mt onxnt tnn
nonart oxono nyrt us ronxonann cnmnromon n nnnncart
coornrcrnymmn nsnamnnt cxcyantnt noyxnnx n cosnannm nnnnnon,
a nx ccosnarntnomy.
amt naxnt ns mnorouncnnntx courann cnmnromon, n xorotx noxnnxrcx
nnos nanxsunntx cocroxnn, oxastnarcx, nosnnxamr no annnnm ount
cnntntx cancrcxnx, r. . nsnamnntx no cno nnn, cxcyantntx
noyxnn, n n coornrcrnnn co cryxryo nnosa nanxsunntx cocroxnn
cnmnromt cnyxar nnmymcrnnno nornnocrnnm +rnm xnannxm nnn ntaxamr
oty mxy yonnrnonnm n nornnocrnnm my. o n camo
yonnrnonn n oxastnarcx nn +rom ymmnnntm; ono ymr
onrtcx cnoro n nonnnn ontntx oxontmn nyrxmn n nanannxrcx
rnanntm oasom nornn nx cocrnnno nnunocrn, nnamax nx n
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camoncrxsarn. yrn ]omt nnoson, cononoxammncx onrnmn
asymtxmn ontntx, coornrcrnymr usmno cxcyannsannn axron, xorot
otuno cnyxar nororonxo x nomantnomy nononomy yonnrnonnm, r. .
xnannm accmarnnart, rorart n nccnonart. coax snaunmocrt oxsnn
nnxocnonnnx n nanxsunnoro mtrtx yx naxonr n +rom cno oxcnnn.
Vnnnrntno ontmax uacrt nanxsunntx crnn n nn cxtroro nonronnx n
mon]nxannn nocxonr x macryannn, xoroax, xax nsncrno, +rnm
nncrnnntm, cxontm no ]om crnnm cononoxar camt asnooasnt
]omt cxcyantnoro ]anrasnonannx.
Mn n cronno t ontmoro rya noxasart nam m on rcnt ornomnnx
mxy nsnamnnm n nnosom, no x ymam, uro cxasannoro yr nx nam
nnn ocrarouno. naxo nocn +rnx oxcnnn snaunnx cnmnromon nam nao
onacartcx nynnnunnx uacrort n cnnt nsnamnntx cxnonnocr nm. t
cntmann, uro ns-sa orxasa or nomantnoro cxcyantnoro yonnrnonnx moxno
saonrt nnosom. o nn +rom antnom orxas nornocrt crmnrcx x
nnomantntm nyrxm cxcyantnoro nosyxnnx. osn nt ynnnr, xax +ro
noncxonr. o ncxxom cnyua, nt nonnmar, uro ncncrnn raxoro
"xonnarantnoro" sacrox nsnamnnt noyxnnx onxnt trt cnntn, um
onn tnn t, cnn t nomantno cxcyantno yonnrnonn n ncrrnno t
antntx nnxrcrnn. noum, noono nnnxnn cnyr nnsnart n n
orxtrtx nsnamnnxx. nxorotx cnyuaxx onn nononnymrcx nnn
axrnnnymrcx rm, uro nx nomantnoro yonnrnonnx cxcyantnoro nnunnx
nosnnxamr cnnmxom ontmn nnxrcrnnx
n cnny nmnntx ocroxrntcrn nnn nocroxnntx connantntx nom. yrnx
cnyuaxx nsnamnnt naxnonnocrn xax yro conmnno n sanncxr or raxnx
naronnxrcrnymmnx nm momnron, onn xnnxmrcx nx annoro nnnnna, rax
cxasart, nomantno ]omo cxcyantno xnsnn.
Moxr trt, n nacroxmym mnnyry y nac cosarcx nnuarnnn, uro mt cxo
sanyrann, um ntxcnnnn ornomnn mxy nomantno n nsnamnno
cxcyantnocrtm. o nnmnr no nnnmann cnymm cooaxnn: cnn nno
ro, uro antno sarynnn nnn nnmnn nomantnoro cxcyantnoro
yonnrnonnx moxr ntsnart y nxorotx nnn nsnamnnt naxnonnocrn,
xorot n yrnx ycnonnxx n noxnnnnct t, ro y +rnx nnn cnyr
nnonoxnrt nuro raxo, uro nr nancruy nsnamnnxm; nnn, cnn
xornr, onn nmmrcx y nnx n narnrno ]om. o rm camtm mt nnxonm xo
nroomy nonomy ]axry, o xoroom x nam saxnnn. cnxoanannrnucxo
nccnonann tno ntnyxno sanxrtcx raxx cxcyantno xnsntm nxa, a
nmnno noromy, uro nocnomnnannx n mtcnn, nnxoxmn n ronony nn ananns
cnmnromon (nsocntx), nocroxnno nyr xo nmnn annro rcrna. o, uro
mt nn +rom orxtnn, nornnnoct sarm mar sa marom naroax
nnoccrnnntm nanmnnxm sa rtmn. rora oxasanoct, uro n rcrn
moxno narn xonn ncx nsnamnn, uro rn nacnonoxnt x nnm n
oramrcx nm n coornrcrnnn co cnonm nsntm nosacrom, xoou ronox, uro
nsnamnnax cxcyantnocrt crt n uro nno, xax nosocmax, acmnnnnax na
cnon orntnt noyxnnx nn]anrnntnax cxcyantnocrt.
nt nt, no ncxxom cnyua, ynnnr nsnamnnx n yrom cnr n n
cmoxr n nnsnart nx cnxsn c cxcyantno xnsntm unonxa, no nnom xaxnx
n-
nnxrntx nx nac cmnnson n myunrntntx nx namro uyncrna
accornaconann! asymrcx, nt yr cxnonnt cnauana nc ocnannart: n
ror ]axr, uro y r crt uro-ro, uro moxno nasnart cxcyantno xnsntm, n
nnocrt namnx nanmnn, n ocnonannx nx ortcxannx n nonnnn r
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ocrnnnoro romy, uro nnocncrnnn ocyxarcx xax nsnamnn. o+romy
asmnr mn cnauana oxcnnrt mornnt namro conornnnnnx, a sarm
noncrn nror namnm nanmnnxm. o, uro y r nr nnxaxo cxcyantno
xnsnn - cxcyantnoro nosyxnnx, cxcyantntx nornocr n cnoro oa
yonnrnonnx, - no nc +ro nyr nosnnxar y nnx mxy 12 n 14 roamn,
tno t - nsanncnmo or ncx nanmnn - c nonornucxo rouxn snnx rax
x nnoxrno, ax nnno, xax cnn t onn noxnnxnnct na cnr s
rnnrann, n onn ntacrann t y nnx rontxo xo nmnn nonono snocrn.
o, uro noyxarcx y nnx x +romy nmnn, xnnxrcx ]ynxnn noonxnnx
oa, xoroax nontsyrcx nx cnonx nn yx nmmmnmcx ]nsnucxnm n
ymnntm marnanom. t conmar omnxy, cmmnnax cxcyantnocrt c
noonxnnm oa, n saxtnar c +rnm nyrt x nonnmannm cxcyantnocrn,
nsnamnn n nnoson. o +ra omnxa rnnnnosna. ncrounnxom, xax nn
cranno, xnnxrcx ro, uro nt camn tnn rtmn n ncntrann na c nnnxnn
nocnnrannx. K uncny cnonx camtx naxntx saau nocnnrannx omcrno onxno
orncrn yxomnn, orannunn, nounnnn cxcyantnoro nnunnx, xora
ono nnsanno noxnnxrcx n nn crmnnnx x noonxnnm oa,
nnnnnyantno non, nnrnuno connantnomy ronannm. mcrno
sannrconano raxx n rom, urot oronnnyrt ro nonno asnnrn o rx
no, noxa nox n ocrnrnr onnnno crynnn nnrnnxryantno
snocrn, noromy uro c nonntm no-
tnom cxcyantnoro nnunnx naxrnucxn nnxonr xonn nnnxnnm nocnnrannx.
nornnnom cnyua nnunn nonano t nc nrat n cmno t
nosnnno c raxnm ryom sann xyntryt. ro yxomnn nnxora n
yr nrxnm, ono yarcx ro cnnmxom nnoxo, ro cnnmxom xoomo. Mornn
unonucxoro omcrna oxastnarcx n xonunom cur +xonomnucxnm; rax xax
y nro nr ocrarouno xnsnnntx ccrn, urot coxart cnonx unnon s
nx rya, ro ono onxno orannunnart uncno cnonx unnon, a nx +nrnm
ornnxart or cxcyantno xrntnocrn n nanannxrt na ry. unax,
ncxonnax, cymcrnymmax o nacroxmro nmnn xnsnnnax noxonmocrt.
ntr, onxno trt, noxasan nocnnrarnxm, uro saaua cnart cxcyantnym
nonm nonoro noxonnnx nocnymno asmnma rontxo n rom cnyua, cnn na n
naunnamr noscrnonart sanaronmnno, n oxnaxct yn nonono
snocrn, a nmmnnaxct yx n cxcyantnym xnsnt r, xoroax
nororannnnar. +ro nntm nxy sanmamr n ornnamr y nro oxory xo
ncm nn]anrnntntm cxcyantntm noxnnnnxm; crannrcx nantnax nnt cnart
xnsnt nxa acxcyantno, co nmnm oxoxr naxonn o roro, uro
cunramr crnnrntno acxcyantno, n nayxa sarm nonosrnamar +ro
cno ron. rot n nnacrt n nornnoun co cno no n cnonmn
namnnxmn, cxcyantnym xrntnocrt nxa n samuamr - a +ro nmant
ry - nnn onontcrnymrcx n nayx rm, uro accmarnnamr nnau. nox
cunrarcx uncrtm, nnnnntm, a xro onnctnar ro no-yromy, ror, xax
rnycnt sno, onnnxrcx n ocxonnnn nxntx n cnxrtx uyncrn
unonucrna.
rn - nncrnnnt, xro n nnsnar +rnx ycnonnocr, - co nc
nannnocrtm nontsymrcx cnonmn xnnorntmn nanamn n nocroxnno oxastnamr, uro
nm
m nyxno crart uncrtmn. ctma nnmuarntno, uro ornnammn rcxym
cxcyantnocrt n namr n nocnnrannn nnxaxnx ycrynox, a co nc crorocrtm
ncnymr nmnno noxnnnnx ornnamoro nmn no nasnannm "rcxn ynt
nnntuxn". ontmo rornucxn nnrc ncrannxr coo raxx ro, uro
nno xnsnn, naxoxmncx n camom sxom nornnounn c naccyxom
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acxcyantnocrn rcrna, a nmnno rcxn rot o nxrn nnn mcrn nr,
oxyrtnarcx sarm y ontmnncrna nm amncrnucxnm noxtnanom, asonart
xoroo no-nacroxmmy moxr rontxo anannrnucxo nccnonann, no xoroo
yx o +roro nonnnamo nx orntntx cryxry cnonnnn.
rnt x xouy nsnoxnrt nam ro, uro xcn ncro nosnonxr cynrt o
cxcyantno xnsnn nxa. 3ct nncooasno raxx nncrn nonxrn nnno
(Liido). nno, conmnno ananornuno ronoy, nastnarcx cnna, n xoroo
ntaxarcx nnunn, n annom cnyua cxcyantno, xax n rono ntaxarcx
nnunn x nnm. yrn nonxrnx, raxn xax cxcyantno nosyxnn n
yonnrnonn, n nyxamrcx n oxcnnnn. t camn nrxo nomr, uro nn
cxcyantntx noxnnnnxx rynoro mnanna ontm ncro nnxonrcx
sannmartcx ronxonannm, n nt, noxrno, yr cunrart +ro nosaxnnm.
3rn ronxonannx nosnnxamr na ocnon anannrnucxnx nccnonann, cnn nrn
oarntm nyrm, or cnmnroma. nt cxcyantnt noyxnnx y rynoro
mnanna noxnnxmrcx n cnxsn c yrnmn xnsnnno naxntmn ]ynxnnxmn. ro
rnannt nnrc, xax nt snar, nanannn na nnm nnmn; xora on,
nactrnnmnct, sactnar y ryn, y nro noxnnxrcx ntaxnn naxnnoro
yonnrnonnx, xoroo nosn nonronrcx nocn nxnnannx nononoro
orasma. o +roro, noxany, cnnmxom mano, urot cronrt na nm saxnmunn.
naxo mt nanmam,
uro mnann xnar nonroxrt axr nnma nnmn, n ryx nono nnmn;
cnonarntno, nn +rom on n naxonrcx no nnacrn ronoa. Mt rononm: on
cocr, n ro, uro nn +rom crnnn on onxrt sactnar c naxnntm
ntaxnnm, noxastnar nam, uro axr cocannx cam no c ocrannn my
yonnrnonn. Kax nsncrno, cxoo on yx n sactnar, n nococan. a
cxcyantno nno +roro crnnx nauan nacrannart crat nau n
yanmr - nnn (179). nna, yxaxnnammn sa nxom, n nrnyx
na rornucxn ntnot, no-nnnmomy, ananornuno onnnnamr cocann. nn n
comnnamrcx n rom, uro ono cnyxnr nxy rontxo nx nonyunnx
yonontcrnnx, ornocxr ro x yntm nnntuxam n nnnyxamr nxa
orxasartcx or +roro, nnmnxx nnnxrnt noscrnnx, cnn on cam n
xnar ocrannrt ynym nnntuxy. axnm oasom, mt ysnam, uro ryno
mnann ntnonnxr crnnx, n nmmmn yro nnn, xom nonyunnx
yonontcrnnx. Mt nonaram, uro cnauana on nxnnar +ro yonontcrnn nn
nnm nnmn, no cxoo nayuarcx ornxrt ro or +roro ycnonnx. Mt moxm
orncrn nonyunn +roro yonontcrnnx rontxo x nosyxnnm sont ra n ry,
nastnam +rn uacrn rna +ornntmn sonamn, a nonyunno nn cocannn
yonontcrnn cxcyantntm. nanomnocrn raxoro nasnannx nam, xonuno,
nnrcx m ncxyrnonart.
cnn t mnann mor oxcnxrtcx, on ncomnnno nnsnan t axr cocannx
marnncxo ryn camtm naxntm n xnsnn. o ornomnnm x c on n rax yx
n nan, noromy uro +rnm axrom casy yonnrnoxr n naxnt nornocrn.
s ynnnnnx mt ysnam sarm ns ncnxoanannsa, xaxo ontmo
ncnxnucxo snaunn coxanxr +ror axr na ncm xnsnt. ocann marnncxo
ryn cranonnrcx ncxontm nynxrom nc cxcyantno xnsnn, nocrnxnmtm
nooasom nm-
oro on nosnro cxcyantnoro yonnrnonnx, x xoroomy n rxxnt
nmna uacro nosnamarcx ]anrasnx. no nxnmuar marnncxym ryt xax
nnt oxr cxcyantnoro nnunnx; x n n cocroxnnn art nam
ncrannnn o rom, nacxontxo snaunrnn +ror nnt oxr nx ntoa n
yymm nmoro yroro oxra, xaxn noscrnnx oxastnar on co ncmn
cnonmn nnamnnxmn n sammnnxmn na camt orannnt onacrn nam
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ymnno xnsnn. o cnauana mnann orxastnarcx or nro n axr cocannx n
samnxr uacrtm cocrnnnoro rna. nox cocr ontmo nann,
cocrnnnt xstx. naroax +romy on nonyuar nsanncnmocrt n nonyunnn
yonontcrnnx or oonnx nnmnro mna a, xom roro, nx ro ycnnnnx
ncnontsyr nosyxnn yro sont rna. 3ornnt sont n onnaxono
+]]xrnnnt; no+romy xora mnann, xax coomar nnn, nn ocnonannn
cocrnnnoro rna orxtnar oconno nosynmt uacrn cnonx rnnrann n
nxonr or cocannx x onannsmy, +ro cranonnrcx naxntm nxnnannm.
naroax |91|
mmammax, naxnax ro crmnnnm x yonontcrnnm cnna n sacrannxr ro
nuyncrnonart yymym nnmnmm n nnyrnnmm oty. r cnonx +xcxron on
ntnyxn ocnooxartcx n n nmo momnr, a xora +ro onnxmr yrn
nnna. rot sacrannrt ro orxasartcx or +rnx ncrounnxon yonontcrnnx, nc,
uro xacarcx +rnx ]ynxnn, oxnnxrcx nnnnnuntm n onxno cxtnartcx or
yrnx. 3ct on ntnyxn nx ncro omnxrt yonontcrnn na connantno
ocronncrno. ro ornomnn x camnm +xcxram cnauana conmnno nno. n
n ncntrtnar ornamnnx x cnomy xany, onnnnar ro xax uacrt cnoro
rna, c xoroo my nnrxo accrartcx, n ncnontsyr ro n xaucrn
nnoro "noaxa", urot naranrt nnn, xorotx on oconno nnnr. ax
nocn roro xax nocnnrarnxm yanoct oryunrt ro or +rnx naxnonnocr, on
nnocnr onnxy xana na "noaox" n na "ntrn". non ycnxn n
mouncnycxannn, on, no-nnnmomy, nanornn, accmarnnar c ocoo
roocrtm.
snam, uro nam anno xourcx mnx nnart n xnxnyrt: onontno raocr!
]xannx - ncrounnx cxcyantnoro yonontcrnnx, xoroo ncntrtnar yx
mnann! Kan - nnnax cycrannnx, sann noxo - cnoro oa rnnrannn!
Mt n nnm +romy, no rnt mt nonnmam, noumy nnart n narorn
ornrnn ncnxoananns n ro syntrart. r, ynaxamt rocnoa! t rontxo
satnn, uro x xorn nam nsnoxnrt ]axrt nn]anrnntno cxcyantno xnsnn n
cnxsn c cxcyantntmn nsnamnnxmn. oumy t nam n snart, uro sann
noxo crnnrntno r na cx ont nnarannma nn nononom axr y
ontmoro uncna nsocntx, romocxcyantntx n rrocxcyantntx? uro crt
mnoro nm, ncntrtnammnx cnaocracrno omymnn nn ]xannn ncm cnom
xnsnt n onnctnammnx ro xax onontno cnntno? ro xacarcx nnrca x
axry ]xannn n yonontcrnnx or nanmnnx ]xannn yroro, ro nam
nornxr +ro camn rn, xora cranyr na ncxontxo nr cram n cmoryr
coomnrt o +rom. asymrcx, nt n onxnt n +rnm nocroxnno sanyrnnart
r, nnau onn ornnuno nomyr, uro onxnt monuart o +rom. ro xacarcx
yrnx nm, xorotm nt n xornr nnrt, x orctnam nac x syntraram
anannsa n nnoccrnnnomy nanmnnm sa rtmn n onxn cxasart, uro +ro
nxmo-raxn ncxyccrno n nnrt ncro +roro nnn nnrt xax-ro nnau.
raxx n nmm nnuro nornn roro, urot nam sxo ocnnoct n rnasa
ocrno rcxo cxcyantnocrn c cxcyantntmn nsnamnnxmn. 3ro,
cocrnnno, camo coo asymrcx; cnn y nxa noom crt cxcyantnax
xnsnt, ro ona onxna trt nsnamnnoro xaaxra, noromy uro, xom
nxorotx rmntx namxon, y nxa nr nnuro, uro nar cxcyantnocrt
]ynxnn noonxnnx oa. yro croont, omax oconnocrt ncx
nsnamnn cocronr n rom, uro onn n ncnymr nnt noonxnnx oa. Mt
nastnam cxcyantnym xrntnocrt nsnamnno nmnno n rom cnyua, cnn
ona orxastnarcx or nnn noonxnnx oa n crmnrcx x nonyunnm
yonontcrnnx xax x nsanncnmo or nro nnn. t nomr, raxnm oasom,
uro nnom n nonoornt nynxr n asnnrnn cxcyantno xnsnn cocronr n
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nounnnnn nnxm noonxnnx oa. c, uro noncxonr o +roro
nonoora, rax x xax n nc, uro ro nsxano, uro cnyxnr rontxo nonyunnm
yonontcrnnx, nnorar manonournno nasnann "nsnamnnoro" n
nsnarcx xax raxono.
osnontr mn no+romy noonxnrt xarxo nsnoxnn |93|
unn (Partialtriee), xorot nsanncnmo yr or yra ntramrcx nonyunrt
yonontcrnn uacrnuno or cocrnnnoro rna, uacrnuno yx or nnmnro
oxra. unt cxoo cn +rnx oranon ntnxmrcx rnnrannn; crt nmn, y
xorotx nonyunn yonontcrnnx or cocrnnntx rnnrann s nomomn
rnnrann yroro unonxa nnn oxra noonxarcx s ntna or
mnanucxoro onannsma o ntnyxnnoro onannsma n rot nonono snocrn n
cymcrnyr sarm nonnnno onro n n antnmm. noum, c rmo
onannsma mt n rax-ro cxoo noxonunm; +ro marnan, rymmn
mnorocroonnro accmornnx. c-raxn onxn nam cxasart xo-uro o
cxcyantnom nccnonannn (eualIorschung) r. no cnnmxom rnnnuno nx
rcxo cxcyantnocrn n xan snaunmo nx cnmnromarnxn nnoson. rcxo
cxcyantno nccnonann naunnarcx ount ano, nnora m o rxnrnro
nosacra. no cnxsano n c asnnunm nonon, nnuro n ronoxmnm nxy,
rax xax on - no xan m, mantunx - nnnnctnar oonm nonam r x
myxcxn rnnrannn. cnn mantunx sarm onayxnnar nnarannm y manntxo
ccrt nnn noyrn no nram, ro cnauana on ntrarcx ornnart +ro
cnnrntcrno cnonx oranon uyncrn, noromy uro n moxr ncrannrt
noono c unonucxo cymcrno s cront nnno nx nro uacrn.
osn on nyrarcx +roro orxtrnx, n rora nxnn yrost sa cnnmxom
nnrncnnno sanxrn cnonm manntxnm unnom oxastnamr cno crnn. n
nonaar no nnacrt xacrannonnoro xomnnxca, oasonann xorooro nmr
ontmo snaunn nx ]omnonannx ro xaaxra, cnn on ocrarcx
soontm, nx ro nnosa, cnn on saonnar, n nx ro conornnnnn,
cnn on nonrarcx anannrnucxomy nunnm. manntxo noux mt snam,
uro ona cunrar cx rnyoxo ymmnnno ns-sa orcyrcrnnx ontmoro nnnmoro
nnnca, sannyr n +rom mantunxy n n ocnonnom
no +ro nnunn y n nosnnxar xnann trt myxunno, xnann, cnona
noxnnxmmcx nosn nn nnos, xorot nacrynar ncncrnn nyaun
n xncxo onn. noum, xnnro nouxn n rcxom nosacr nnonn nrar
ont nnnca, on xnnxrcx nocnrnm ocoo nosynmocrn, mcrom, n xoroom
ocrnrarcx ayro+ornucxo yonnrnonn. namnn manntxo nouxn
n xnmnny no mnorom sanncnr or roro, nnocnrcx nn +ra uyncrnnrntnocrt
xnnroa cnonmnno n nonnocrtm na nxo no nnarannm. cnyuaxx rax
nastnamo cxcyantno ancrsnn y xnmnn xnnro ynono coxanxr cnom
uyncrnnrntnocrt.
xcyantnt nnrc nxa cxo oamarcx cnauana x nonm, orxya
yrcx rn, x ro camo, xoroax nxnr n ocnon nonoca ]nnancxoro
c]nnxca, n noyxarcx ontm uacrtm +roncrnucxnmn onacnnxmn nn
noxnnnnn nonoro nxa. rnr, anamt n rcxo, uro r nnnocnr
ancr, ntstnar nonn ax y manntxnx r roaso uam, um mt
ymam. mymnn, uro nsocnt ro omantnamr, cxtnax ncrnny,
cnococrnyr oruyxnnm nxa n asnnrnm ro camocroxrntnocrn. o
nox n n cocroxnnn asmnrt nonmy cocrnnntmn ccrnamn. ro m
nasnnrax cxcyantnax xoncrnrynnx crannr onnnnt rannnt nx ro
nosnanarntno cnoconocrn. nauana on nnonarar, uro rn noncxoxr
or roro, uro c nnm camr uro-ro ocoo, n nnuro n snar o rom, uro
r moryr nmrt rontxo xnmnnt. osx on ysnar o +rom orannunnn n
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orxastnarcx or mtcnn, uro nox noncxonr or t, +ra mtcnt ocrarcx
rontxo n cxasx. oacrammn nox cxoo samuar, uro orn onxn
nrart xaxym-ro ont n noxnnnnn nxa, no n moxr yraart xaxym. cnn
on cnyuano cranonnrcx cnnrnm nononoro axra, ro nnnr n nm nontrxy
nacnnnx, oty, cancrcxn ncronxontnar xonryc. o cnauana on
n cnxstnar +ror axr c noxnnnnm nxa. Kora on onayxnnar cnt
xonn n nocrnn n na nt marn, on rox nnnnmar +ro sa oxasarntcrno
nancnnoro ornom annnx. on nosnn rot on, nnnmo, nuyncrnyr,
uro nonono oran myxunnt nnnnmar cymcrnnno yuacrn n noxnnnnn
r, no n moxr nnnncart +ro uacrn rna nnxaxo yro ]ynxnnn, xom
mouncnycxarntno.
camoro nauana rn nnoymnt n rom, uro oxnn nxa onxno
ocymcrnnxrtcx us xnmunnx, uro nox noxnnxrcx, cnonarntno, xax
xom xana. ontxo nocn ocnnnnannx ncx anantntx nnrcon +ra ronx
ocrannxrcx n samnxrcx nnonoxnnm, uro orxtnarcx nynox nnn uro
mcrom oxnnx xnnxrcx onacrt mxy xncxnmn ryxmn. axnm oasom
ntrnnnt nox nnnnxarcx x snannm cxcyantntx ]axron nnn noxonr
mnmo nnx, cnrt c ronxy cnonm nsnannm, noxa n nnyrarnom nosacr
n nonyunr otuno ocxonrntnoro n nnonnoro oxcnnnx, nxo
oxastnammro ranmarnucxo crnn.
t, xonuno, cntmann, ynaxamt rocnoa, uro nonxrn cxcyantnoro n
ncnxoananns nrnno nonananno acmnnn c nntm coxannrt
nonoxnnx o cxcyantno nnunn nnoson n cxcyantnom snaunnn cnmnromon.
nt nt moxr camn cynrt, xnnxrcx nn +ro acmnnn nonananntm. Mt
acmnnnn nonxrn cxcyantnocrn nnmt nacrontxo, urot ono morno nxnmunrt
cxcyantnym xnsnt nsnamnntx n r. 3ro snaunr, uro mt nosnarnnn my
ro nannntnt om. o, uro nastnamr cxcyantnocrtm nn ncnxoanannsa,
ornocnrcx rontxo x orannunno cxcyantno xnsnn, cnyxam noonxnnm
oa n nastnamo nomantno.
H KH
asnnrn nnno n cxcyantnax orannsannx
Vnaxamt rocnoa! naxoxyct no nnuarnnnm, uro mn n nnonn yanoct
ynrntno asxcnnrt nam snaunn nsnamnn nx namro ncrannnnx o
cxcyantnocrn. o+romy x xorn t, nacxontxo mory, ncnannrt n ononnnrt
nsnoxnno.
no ocronr nonc n rax, xax yro rontxo nsnamnnx ntnynnn nac x romy
nsmnnnm nonxrnx cxcyantnocrn, xoroo ntsnano cront sxn norcr. m
ontm cnococrnonano +romy nsyunn rcxo cxcyantnocrn, a connann
oonx xnnnn crano nx nac mammnm. o noxnnnnx rcxo cxcyantnocrn,
xax t onn nn tnn ounnnt n on nosnm rcrn, xaxrcx, ncusamr n
nonnnnocrn no m nnnnxnnx x nx nauantntm cranxm. or, xro n
xour oamart nnnmannx na ncronm asnnrnx n anannrnucxym cnxst, yr
ocnannart nx cxcyantnt n nnsnanart nmcro nro xaxo-nnyt
nn]]nnnonannt xaaxr. satnar, uro n nacroxm nmx mt m
n nmm omnnnxroro nnsnaxa cxcyantno nnot xaxoro-ro noncca,
xom onxrt-raxn nnnanxnocrn x ]ynxnnn noonxnnx oa, no ro mt
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cunram cnnmxom ysxnm. nonornucxn xnr-
nn, no nnoxnntx . unnccom (1906) nnoon n 23 n 2 n, m
ount cnont; xnmnucxn oconnocrn cxcyantntx nonccon, xorot mt
moxm nnmt nnonarart, m rontxo xyr cnoro orxtrnx. xcyantnt
nsnamnnx nsocntx, nanornn, xnnxmrcx um-ro omyrnmtm n nnycmtcnnntm.
Kax noxastnar yx nx omnnsnanno nasnann, onn, ncomnnno, ornocxrcx
x cxcyantnomy. ycrt nx nastnamr nnsnaxom rnannn nnn xax yrono
nnau, m nnxro n naxonn n c mnmocrn orncrn nx x umy-nnyt
yromy, a n x ]nomnam cxcyantno xnsnn. ontxo onn amr nam nano
yrnxart, uro cxcyantnocrt n noonxnn oa n connaamr, noromy uro
ounnno, uro nc onn orxastnamrcx or nnn noonxnnx oa.
nnxy sct ony nstnrcnym naannnt. ro nmx xax nx
ontmnncrna "cosnarntno" n "ncnxnucxo" tno rm x camtm, mt tnn
ntnyxnt acmnnrt nonxrn "ncnxnucxo" n nnsnart ncnxnucxo, xoroo
n cosnarntno. conmnno ananornuno yrn oxnnxmr nnrnuntm
"cxcyantno" n "ornocxmcx x noonxnnm oa" - nnn, cnn xornr
ntasnrtcx xoou, "rnnrantno", - n ro nmx xax mt n moxm n nnsnart
"cxcyantnoro", xoroo n "rnnrantno", n n nmr nnuro omro c
noonxnnm oa. 3ro rontxo ]omantno cxocrno, onaxo ono nmr on
rnyoxo ocnonann.
o cnn cymcrnonann cxcyantntx nsnamnn xnnxrcx n +rom nonoc raxnm
ynrntntm oxasarntcrnom, noumy ono antm n oxasano cnoro crnnx
n n mnno +ror nonoc? , nano, n mory cxasart. Mn xaxrcx, no n
rom, uro x cxcyantntm nsnamnnxm nmrcx conmnno ocoo ornomnn,
xoroo acnocranxrcx na ronm n raxx mmar nx nayuno onnx. Kax
yro nnxro n moxr satrt, uro onn n rontxo uro-ro ornarnrntno, no n
uyo-
nnmno, onacno, xax yro nx cunramr conasnnrntntmn n n rnynn ymn
ntnyxnt nooort ranym sanncrt x rm, xro nmn nacnaxarcx, noono
romy xax n nsncrno naonn na anrsa xaammn nanra] cosnarcx:
... ror nt satn on ucrt n onr!
- ranno, uro c namnm arom +roro n cnyuarcx.
crnnrntnocrn x nsnamnnt cxo xanxn cymcrna, ount ooro
acnnaunnammncx sa cno ryno ocrnxnmo yonnrnonn.
o ocroxrntcrno, uro axr nsnamnnoro yonnrnonnx n ontmnncrn
cnyuan nc x saxanunnarcx nonntm orasmom n ntnnnm nonontx
noyxron, nar nsnamnnym xrntnocrt ncomnnno cxcyantno,
ncmorx na ncm crannocrt oxra n nn. o +ro, asymrcx, rontxo
cncrnn roro, uro +rn nnna - nsocnt; y nxa orasm n nonont
ntnnnx nnosmoxnt, onn samnxmrcx namxamn, xorot onxrt-raxn n
nnsnamrcx ncomnnno cxcyantntmn. rot ononnnrt onnxy cxcyantntx
nsnamnn, x onxn xo-uro oannrt. Kax onn nn onoount, xax sxo nn
nornnonocrannxmrcx nomantno cxcyantno xrntnocrn, nocro
nanmnn noxastnar, uro ra nnn nnax nsnamnnax ura nourn ncra
nmrcx n cxcyantno xnsnn nomantntx nm. ax nonny moxr no nany
nastnartcx nsnamnntm axrom, noromy uro on cocronr n connnnn nyx
+ornntx son ra nmcro nyx rnnrann. o nnxro n orxastnarcx or nro
xax or nsnamnnx, nanornn, na cnn on onycxarcx xax cmxrunnt namx
na nonono axr. o xax as nonny moxr crart n nonntm nsnamnnm, a
nmnno rora, xora on rax nnrncnnn, uro nnoccrnnno cononoxarcx
nt-
nnnm ns rnnrann n orasmom, uro tnar n rax yx xo. noum,
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moxno nanmart, uro nx onoro nnmnntmn ycnonnxmn cxcyantnoro
nacnaxnnx xnnxmrcx omyntnann n asrnxtnann oxra, a yro n notn
cxcyantnoro nosyxnnx mnnar nnn xycar, uro camo ontmo nosyxnn
y nmxmro n ncra ntstnamr rnnrannn, a xaxax-nnyt yrax uacrt rna
oxra n romy noono n ontmom asnooasnn. nmr nnxaxoro cmtcna
ntnxrt nnn c nxorotmn raxnmn uramn ns xa nomantntx n nnuncnxrt
nx x nsnamnntm, ontm roro, nc xcn nonnmamt, uro cymnocrt
nsnamnn cocronr n n orcrynnnnn or cxcyantno nnn, n n samn
rnnrann, ax n ncra n nsmnnnn oxra, a rontxo n
ncxnmunrntnocrn, c xoroo conmamrcx +rn orcrynnnnx, ns-sa xorotx
orcrannxrcx cam nonono axr, cnyxamn noonxnnm oa. ocxontxy
nsnamnnt crnnx nxnmuamrcx n conmnn nomantnoro nononoro axra xax
nororonnrntnt nnn ycnnnnammn ro, onn, cocrnnno, ncramr trt
nsnamnntmn. Konuno, naroax ]axram raxoro oa nonacrt mxy
nomantno n nsnamnno cxcyantnocrtm cnntno ymntmarcx. anamnnarcx
crcrnnnt ntno, uro nomantnax cxcyantnocrt noncxonr ns uro-ro,
uro cymcrnonano o n, ncxnmuax xax nnnront onn crmnnnx n
onnxx yrn c rm, urot nounnnrt nx nono nn noonxnnx oa.
x um mt nocnontsymcx namnmn snannxmn o nsnamnnxx nx roro, urot
cnona yrnynrtcx n nsyunn rcxo cxcyantnocrn, ncxox ns yrounnntx
nnonoxnn, x onxn oarnrt nam nnnmann na naxno asnnun mxy
nnmn. snamnnax cxcyantnocrt, xax nannno, nnnxonnno nnrnonana,
nc crnnx crmxrcx x ono, n ontmnncrn
cnyuan - nncrnnno nnn, uacrno nnunn oxnnar nx, n nno
rontxo ono n onayxnnarcx, nno nc yrn nounnnt ro nnxm. +rom
ornomnnn mxy nsnamnno n nomantno cxcyantnocrtm nr yroro
asnnunx, xom roro, uro rocnocrnymmn uacrnt nnunnx n
coornrcrnymmn nm cxcyantnt nnn y nnx asnt. sct n ram crnyr,
rax cxasart, xoomo orannsonannax rnannx, rontxo sct nnacrt saxnarnna
ona cmtx, a ram - yrax. n]anrnntnax cxcyantnocrt, nanornn, n nmr
n omm raxo nnrannn n orannsannn, orntnt uacrnt nnunnx
annonannt, xaxo na cno crax n ncx crmnrcx x nonyunnm
yonontcrnnx. rcyrcrnn, xax n nannun nnrannn, asymrcx, xoomo
cornacymrcx c rm ]axrom, uro oa nna cxcyantnocrn - nsnamnnax n
nomantnax - nonsomnn ns nn]anrnntno. noum, crt cnyuan nsnamnno
cxcyantnocrn, nmmmn roaso ontm cxocrna c nn]anrnntno, xora
mnorouncnnnt uacrnt nnunnx nsanncnmo yr or yra ocymcrnnnn nnn,
nyum cxasart, coxannnn cnon nnn. raxnx cnyuaxx nannntn rononrt o
nn]anrnnnsm cxcyantno xnsnn, um o nsnamnnn.
ooyxnnt +rnmn snannxmn, mt moxm nncrynnrt x ocyxnnm nnoxnnx,
xorooro nam nannxxa n nsxart. am cxaxyr: noumy nt nacrannar na
rom, urot nastnart cxcyantntmn yx r, no nammy cocrnnnomy
cnnrntcrny, nonnnnt rcxn noxnnnnx, ns xorotx nosn
asnnnarcx cxcyantnocrt? oumy nt n xornr nyum onontcrnonartcx
]nsnonornucxnm onncannm n nocro cxasart, uro y mnanna nanmamrcx
raxn nnt xrntnocrn, xax cocann nnn saxnnann +xcxmnron,
noxastnammn nam, uro on crmnrcx x nonyunnm yonontcrnnx or
]ynxnnonnonannx oranon
(rganlust)? 3rnm nt t nsxann ocxonxmmro ncxxo uyncrno
nnonoxnnx o nannunn cxcyantno xnsnn y nxa. a, ynaxamt
rocnoa, x n nmm nnuro nornn yonontcrnnx or ]ynxnnonnonannx oranon;
x snam, uro ntcmnm nacnaxnnm nn conoxynnnnn xnnxrcx yonontcrnn or
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]ynxnnonnonannx oranon, cnxsanno c xrntnocrtm rnnrann. o moxr
nn nt mn cxasart, xora +ro nnonauantno nnn]]nrno yonontcrnn or
]ynxnnonnonannx oranon nnorar cxcyantnt xaaxr, xorotm ono
ncomnnno onaar na on nosnnx ]asax asnnrnx? 3nam nn mt o
yonontcrnnn or ]ynxnnonnonannx oranon ontm, um o cxcyantnocrn? t
ornrnr, uro cxcyantnt xaaxr nnconnxrcx nmnno rora, xora
rnnrannn naunnamr nrart cnom ont; cxcyantno connaar c rnnrantntm.
t ornrnr ax nosaxnn ornocnrntno nsnamnn, yxasan mn na ro,
uro nntm ontmnncrna nsnamnn nc-raxn xnnxrcx rnnrantnt orasm,
xorx n ocrnramt yrnm nyrm, a n connnnm rnnrann. t samr
crnnrntno roaso on ntronym nosnnnm, cnn ncxnmunr ns
xaaxrncrnxn cxcyantnoro ornomnn x noonxnnm oa, oxasanmcx
ncocroxrntntm ncncrnn cymcrnonannx nsnamnn, n nmcro nro
ntnnnr na nnt nnan xrntnocrt rnnrann. o rora mt oxaxmcx
nanxo yr or yra; nonont orant nocro nornnonocrannxmrcx yrnm
oranam. uro nt nosasnr nornn mnorouncnnntx ]axron, noxastnammnx,
uro nx ocrnxnnx nacnaxnnx rnnrannn moryr samnxrtcx yrnmn
oranamn, xax nn nomantnom nonny, n naxrnx nsnamnn, n
cnmnromarnx ncrnn? n nocnnm nnos conmnno otuno no, uro
xnnnnx nosyxnnx, omymnnx n nnnnannn, ax noncct +xnnn,
nncymn rnnrannxm, nnocxr-
cx na yrn, orannnt onacrn rna (nannm, nnx na ronony n nnno).
Vnnunnt raxnm oasom n rom, uro y nac nnuro n ocrarcx nx
xaaxrncrnxn cxcyantnoro, nt, nnnmo, onxnt yr mnrtcx
nocnonart momy nnmy n acnocrannrt nasnann "cxcyantno" raxx na
crnnx, nanannnnt na nonyunn yonontcrnnx or ]ynxnnonnonannx
oranon n annm rcrn.
rnt ntcnymar n onanann mo rouxn snnx na yrnx cooaxnnx.
Kax nt snar, comnnrntnt n nonnnnt crnnx nx nonyunnx
yonontcrnnx n camom annm rcrn mt nastnam cxcyantntmn, noromy uro
ntxonm na nnx nyrm anannsa cnmnromon us ccnono cxcyantnt
marnan. 3ro m n snaunr, uro onn camn onxnt trt cxcyantntmn,
cornacn. o nostmnr ananornunt cnyua. crantr c, uro y nac nr
nosmoxnocrn nanmart asnnrn nyx nyontntx acrnn, xnonn n ]aconn,
ns nx cmxn, no n oonx cnyuaxx moxno nocnnrt nx asnnrn n oarnom
nanannnnn or nonnocrtm c]omnonanmrocx acrnnx o nnoro ocrxa c
nymx saotmntmn nncrxamn. a saotmntx nncrxa ntrnxxr
nnn]]nrno, n oonx cnyuaxx onn conmnno onoont. nonoxy nn x
no+romy, uro onn crnnrntno onoont n uro cnnn]nucxo asnnun
mxy xnon n ]acontm nacrynnr nnmt nosn, nn nrrannn? nn c
nonornucxo rouxn snnx nannntn nonarart, uro +ro asnnun nmrcx
yx n ocrx, xorx no saotmntm nncrxam ro nntsx ynnrt. o nt mt
nam ro x camo, nastnax cxcyantntm nacnaxnn nn crnnxx
mnanna. mo nn yonontcrnn or ]ynxnnonnonannx oranon moxr
nastnartcx cxcyantntm nnn naxy c cxcyantntm crt yro, n
sacnyxnnamm +roro nasnannx, x sct anannsnonart n mory. cnnmxom
mano snam o yonontcrnnn or ]ynxnnonnonannx oranon n o ro ycnonnxx,
a nn rccnymmm xaaxr anannsa noom n ynnnmct, cnn n xonn
xonnon oy o momnron, n noammnxcx onnnnm n nacroxm nmx.
m ono! cnom yrnxnnn o cxcyantno uncror nxa nt, n omm,
ount mano ntnrann t, ax cnn t cmornn ynrt mnx n rom, uro
crnnx mnanna nyum ncro onnnrt xax n cxcyantnt. oromy uro yx c
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rxnrnro nosacra cxcyantnax xnsnt nxa n nonxnr nnxaxnm
comnnnxm; n +ro nmx naunnamr noxnnxrt cx rnnrannn, moxr trt,
saxonomno nacrynar nno nn]anrnntno macryannn, r. . rnnrantnoro
yonnrnonnx. Vx ontm nr naonocrn n samuart ymnnt n
connantnt noxnnnnx cxcyantno xnsnn; nto oxra, nxno
nnournn orntntx nnn, ax mnn n nontsy onoro ns nonon,
nnocrt ycranonnnt cnncracrntmn nanmnnxmn nsanncnmo or
ncnxoanannsa n o ro noxnnnnx n moryr trt nornxnt nmtm
nanmarnm, xnammnm +ro nnrt. t nosasnr, uro comnnannct n n
annm noyxnnn nxnocrn, a rontxo n rom, uro nxnocrt +ra nocnr
cxcyantnt xaaxr. Xorx rn or rx o noctmn nr yx nayunnnct ro
cxtnart, no cnn nt yr nnnmarntnt, ro cmoxr nc-raxn coart
ocrarouno oxasarntcrn "uyncrnnntx" nn +ro nxnocrn, a uro nam
yr nocranart, n ontmom xonnucrn ayr anannrnucxn nccnonannx.
xcyantnt nnn +roro nnoa xnsnn naxoxrcx n camo rcno cnxsn c
ononmnntm cxcyantntm nccnonannm camoro nxa, nxorot nnmt
xorooro x nam nnnonn. snamnnt xaaxr nxorotx ns +rnx nn
sanncnr, xonuno, or xoncrnrynnonantno nsnocrn nxa, xorot m n
orxtn nnn axra conoxynnnnx.
nmno c mcroro o noctmoro roa xnsnn nanmarcx sarnmt n cna n
cxcyantnom asnnrnn,
xorot n camtx naronnxrntx n xyntrynom ornomnnn cnyuaxx sacnyxnnar
nasnannx narnrnoro nnoa (Latenzzeit). arnrnoro nnoa moxr n n
trt, on nonc n oxsarntno ntnar na nmx cxcyantnym xrntnocrt
n racnr cxcyantnt nnrct no nc nnnnn. ontmnncrno nxnnann n
ymnntx nnxnn n nacrynnnnm narnrnoro nnoa nonrarcx sarm
nn]anrnntno amnsnn, yx ocyxanmmycx an sannnm, xoroo oxyrtnar
namn nnt rot n oruyxar nx or nac. n xaxom ncnxoananns crannrcx
saaua noccranonnrt n namxrn +ror satrt nno xnsnn; nnosmoxno
ornartcx or mtcnn, uro mornnom +roro sannnx oxasannct coxamncx n
nm ncroxn cxcyantno xnsnn, r. . uro +ro sannn xnnxrcx syntrarom
ntrcnnnx.
rxnrnro nosacra cxcyantnax xnsnt nxa no mnorom coornrcrnyr
cxcyantno xnsnn nsocnoro; ona ornnuarcx or nocnn, xax yx
nsncrno, orcyrcrnnm rno orannsannn c nnmarom rnnrann,
nnsxntmn uramn nsnamnnx n, asymrcx, roaso mntm
nnrncnnnocrtm ncro nnunnx. o camt nnrcnt nx ronn ]ast
cxcyantnoro asnnrnx, nnn, xax mt nnounram rononrt, asnnrn nnno,
nyr ncn sa +rnm momnrom. 3ro asnnrn norxar rax tcro, uro
nnoccrnnnomy nanmnnm nnxora n yanoct t saxart ro
mnmonrnt xarnnt. ontxo nn nomomn ncnxoanannrnucxoro nccnonannx
nnoson moxno tno oraartcx o m on annnx ]asax asnnrnx nnno.
3ro, xonuno, ncro nnmt xoncryxnnn, no cnn nt samrct anannsom
naxrnucxn, ro nar +rn xoncryxnnn noxonmtmn n nonsntmn. t cxoo
nomr, xax noncxonr, uro naronornx moxr nam acxtrt sct ornomnnx,
xorot nntsx samrnrt n nomantnom oxr.
rax, mt moxm rnt noxasart, xax cxnatnarcx cxcyantnax xnsnt
nxa, nx um ycranonnrcx nnmar rnnrann, xorot nororannnnarcx
n nnym nn]anrnntnym +noxy o narnrnoro nnoa n nntnno
orannsyrcx n nno nononoro cosnannx. +ror annn nno cymcrnyr
ocooro oa nycrounnax orannsannx, xoroym mt nastnam nrnnrantno.
o na nnom nnan n +ro ]as ntcrynamr n rnnrantnt uacrnt nnunnx,
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a cancrcxn n anantnt. ornnononoxnocrt myxcxoro n xncxoro sct n
nrar nnxaxo onn; mcro sannmar nornnononoxnocrt axrnnnoro n
naccnnnoro, xoroym moxno nasnart nmcrnnnnn cxcyantno nonxnocrn,
c xoroo ona nosn n cnnnarcx. o, uro n noxnnnnxx +ro ]ast nam
xaxrcx myxcxnm, accmornno c rouxn snnx rnnrantno ]ast oxastnarcx
ntaxnnm crmnnnx x onnannm, nrxo nxoxmro n xcroxocrt.
rmnnnx, nmmmn naccnnnym nnt, cnxstnamrcx c ount snaunmtmn nx
+roro nmnn +ornntmn sonamn y ntxoa xnmunnxa. nntno noxnnxrcx
nnunn x asrnxtnannm n nosnannm; rnnrannn nnnnmamr yuacrn n
cxcyantno xnsnn, cocrnnno, nnmt n onn orana ntnnnx moun. V
uacrntx nnunn +ro ]ast nr nocrarxa n oxrax, no nc +rn oxrt
n oxsarntno connnt n onom oxr. ancrcxo-anantnax orannsannx
xnnxrcx nnxam crynntm x ]as rnnrantnoro rocnocrna. on
noono nsyunn noxastnar, cxontxo or +ro orannsannn coxanxrcx n
on nosn oxonuarntno ]om cxcyantnocrn n xaxnmn nyrxmn uacrnt
nnunnx ntnyxnt nxnmuartcx n nonym rnnrantnym orannsannm. 3a
cancrcxo-anantno ]aso asnnrnx nnno nam orxtnarcx m on annxx,
m on nnmnrnnnax crynnt orannsannn, n xoroo rnannym ont nrar
+orn-
nax sona ra. t moxr oraartcx, uro x n ornocnrcx cxcyantnax
xrntnocrt cocannx, n nocxnmartcx nonnmannm nnnx rnnrxn, n
ncxyccrn xorotx nox, ax oxcrnnnt Xoyc, nsoaxarcx c nantnm
no ry. ontxo nanno (1916) axam cnan coomnn o rom, xaxn cnt
ocrannxr +ra nnmnrnnnax oantnax ]asa n cxcyantno xnsnn on nosnnx
nr.
Vnaxamt rocnoa! Mory nnonoxnrt, uro nocnnn coomnnx o
cxcyantntx orannsannxx cxo omnnnn nac, um nasymnnn. Moxr trt,
x onxrt cnnmxom yrnynncx n noonocrn. o nmr rnnn; ro, uro nt
rnt cntmann, cranr on nnntm nx nac nn nocnymmm ncnontsonannn.
noxa coxannr nnuarnnn, uro cxcyantnax xnsnt - xax mt rononm,
]ynxnnx nnno - noxnnxrcx n xax nuro rorono n n onayxnnar
nocroro ocra, a noxonr x cnymmnx yr sa yrom ]as, n noxoxnx
yr na yra, xnnxxct, raxnm oasom, nonoxarno nonroxmmnmcx
asnnrnm, xax, nannm, asnnrn or rycnnnt o aouxn. onoorntm
nynxrom asnnrnx cranonnrcx nounnnn ncx cxcyantntx uacrntx nnunn
nnmary rnnrann n nmcr c +rnm nounnnn cxcyantnocrn ]ynxnnn
noonxnnx oa. o +roro cymcrnyr, rax cxasart, accxnnax cxcyantnax
xnsnt, camocroxrntno noxnnnn orntntx uacrntx nnunn, crmxmnxcx
x nonyunnm yonontcrnnx or ]ynxnnonnonannx oranon. 3ra anaxnx
cmxruarcx naroax nxoy x "nrnnrantntm" orannsannxm, cnauana
cancrcxo-anantno ]ast, o n - oantno, nosmoxno, camo nnmnrnnno. K
+romy nnconnxmrcx asnnunt m nnoxo nsyunnt noncct cmnt ono
]ast yro. Kaxo snaunn nx nonnmannx nnoson nmr ro, uro nnno
nontnar raxo nnnnt n mnorocrynnuart nyrt, nt ysnar n cnymmn
as.
ronx mt nocnnm m ony croony +roro asnnrnx, a nmnno ornomnn
uacrntx cxcyantntx nnunn x oxry. n, mt cnam rnt oso
+roro asnnrnx c rm, urot noontm ocranonnrtcx na onom onontno
nosnm ro syntrar. rax, nxorot ns xomnonnron cxcyantno xnsnn c
camoro nauana nmmr oxr n coxanxmr ro, xax, nannm, crmnnn x
onnannm (cansm), crmnnn x asrnxtnannm n nosnannm. yrn, on
xnno cnxsannt c onnnntmn +ornntmn sonamn, nmmr oxr nnmt
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nnauan, noxa onn ntnonnxmr ncxcyantnt ]ynxnnn, n orxastnamrcx or nro,
xora ocnooxamrcx or +rnx ]ynxnn. ax, nntm oxrom oantnoro
xomnonnra cxcyantnoro nnunnx xnnxrcx marnncxax ryt,
yonnrnoxmmax nornocrt mnanna n nnm. axr cocannx +ornucxn
xomnonnr, nonyuanmn yonnrnonn nn xomnnnn rytm, cranonnrcx
camocroxrntntm, orxastnaxct or nocroonnro oxra n sammax ro
xaxnm-nnyt oranom cocrnnnoro rna. antno nnunn cranonnrcx
ayro+ornucxnm, xaxontmn anantnt n yrn +ornnt nnunnx xnnxmrcx c
camoro nauana. antnm asnnrn nmr, xoorxo ronox, n nnn:
no-nntx, orxasartcx or ayro+ornsma, cnona samnnrt oxr cocrnnnoro
rna na nocroonnn n, no-nrotx, onnnrt asnnunt oxrt orntntx
nnunn, samnnn nx onnm oxrom. asymrcx, +ro yarcx rontxo rora,
xora +ror onn oxr ncrannxr coo nno, noxox na cocrnnno
rno. n +rom xaxo-ro uncno ayro+ornucxnx nnunn xax nnnrono
moxr trt raxx ocrannno.
oncct naxoxnnx oxra onontno sanyrannt n o cnx no n tnn xcno
nsnoxnt. ouxnm nx nam nnn, uro xora n rcxn rot o
narnrnoro nnoa noncc ocrnr onnnnoro sanmnnx, nannt
oxr oxastnarcx nourn nnrnu-
ntm nnomy naroax nnconnnnm x nmy oantnoro crmnnnx x
yonontcrnnm. cnn +ro n n marnncxax ryt, ro nc-raxn mart. Mt
nastnam mart nntm oxrom nmnn. Mt rononm nmnno o nmnn, xora
ntnnram na nnt nnan ymnnym croony cxcyantntx crmnnn n
oronnram nasa nnn xornm na xaxo-ro momnr satrt nxamn n ocnon
]nsnucxn, nnn "uyncrnnnt", ronannx nnunn. K romy nmnn, xora
mart cranonnrcx oxrom nmnn, y nxa yx nauanact raxx ncnxnucxax
aora ntrcnnnx, xoroax nnmar ro snannx xaxo-ro uacrn cnonx
cxcyantntx nn. K +romy ntoy marn oxrom nmnn nnconnxrcx nc
ro, uro no nasnannm 3nnona xomnnxca nnono raxo ontmo snaunn n
ncnxoanannrnucxom oxcnnnn nnoson n, moxr trt, ctrano n mntmym
ont n conornnnnnn ncnxoanannsy.
ocnymar nontmym ncronm, xoroax nonsomna no nmx +ro nont: onn
ns cmntx nocnonarn ncnxoanannsa naxonrcx n xaucrn naua na
nmnxom ]onr r-ro n ontm n nnnnxar x c nnnmann xonnr rm,
uro onaxt my yarcx oxasart noxnanno noscrnn na ontnoro.
ornr na accnoct on nnsnarcx, uro aorar mroom ncnxoanannsa n
cornacn nonnrtcx cnonmn snannxmn c ronanmamn. nor naun xonyca,
xonnrn n nauantnnxn, conamrcx xaxt nu, urot nocnymart rant
yunnx anannsa. Kaxo-ro nmx nc nr xoomo, no nocn roro xax on
accxasan cnymarnxm o 3nnonom xomnnxc, ncrar onn nauantnnx n
saxnnxr, uro +romy on n nnr, uro rnycno co croont oxnaunxa
accxastnart raxn nmn nm, antm myxunnam, ommnmcx sa cno orucrno,
n ornam cmcrna, n uro on sanmar noonxnn nxnn. 3rnm no n
xonunnoct. nannrnx nocnn nncrn ro na yro yuacrox ]onra. o, x
ymam, nnoxo no, cnn nmnxax
noa nyxarcx n raxo "orannsannn" nayxn n nmnxax nayxa nnoxo
nnocnr +ry orannsannm(1).
rnt nt c nrnnnm xornr ysnart, uro x raxo +ror cramnt 3nnon
xomnnxc. amo nmx nam rononr o +rom. t nc snar rucxo cxasann o
na 3nn, xoroomy cyto tno nonnno ynrt cnoro orna n nsxrt
n xnt mart, xorot nar nc, urot nsxart ncnonnnnx ncxasann
oaxyna, n nocn roro xax ysnar, uro no nsnannm nc-raxn conmnn oa
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+rnx ncrynnnnx, n naxasann ntxantnar c rnasa. amct, mnorn ns
nac camn nxnnn norxcamm crnn rarnn, n xoroo o]oxn
ncrannn +ror marnan. onsnnn arrnucxoro no+ra nsoaxar, xax
naroax ncxycno saxnnamomy n onxrt nosyxamomy nc nontmn ynnxamn
accnonannm nocrnnno acxtnarcx anno conmnno ncrynnnn
3nna; n +rom ornomnnn ono nmr onnnno cxocrno c xoom
ncnxoanannsa. noncc nanora oxastnarcx, uro ocnnnnnax mart-cynyra
oxacra nornnnrcx noonxnnm accnonannx. na cctnarcx na ro, uro
mnornm nmxm nnxonrcx nnrt no cn, yro onn nmmr cnomnnx c martm,
no na cnt n cronr oamart nnnmannx. Mt n cunram cnonnnnx
manonaxntmn, n mntm ncro rnnnunt cnonnnnx, raxn, xorot cnxrcx
mnornm nmxm, n n comnnamcx, uro ynomxnyro
- ---------------------------------------
(1) s nsnoxnnx uom +roro +nnsoa xncrnyr, uro orntnt nmnxn
naun ncnontsonann ]oncxym rxnnxy ncnxoanannsa (n rom uncn nnmt
ntxnnnnx 3nnona xomnnxca) no nmx nno mnono nont; x romy x no
]onrontx ycnonnxx sanr na osnaxomnnn c nxmn ncnxoanannsa co croont
onoro nonauantnnxa u accmarnnan xax noxnnnn ]omt "orannsannn"
nayxn. unnno, uro ut n annom cnyua nr o nnxrcrnnxx nayx,
unnnmtx nmtmn, n nmmmnmn x n ornomnnx.
oxacro cnonnnn rcno cnxsano co cranntm n cramntm coxannm
cxasannx.
Vnnnrntno, uro rarnx o]oxna n ntstnar y cnymarnx no mntm m
nosmymnnoro norcra, cxono n roaso on onananno axnnn, um
axnnx namro nocronaroro nonnoro naua. oromy uro, n cymnocrn, +ra
rarnx - snancrnnnax ntca, ona cnnmar c unonxa nancrnnnym
ornrcrnnnocrt, noxastnar oxcrnnnt cnnt orannsaroon ncrynnnnx n
ccnnn nancrnnntx noyxnn unonxa, conornnnxmmnxcx ncrynnnnm.
Moxno tno t nrxo ncrannrt c, uro marnan cxasannx nmr nntm
onnnnrt oron n cyty, n n yxax xnrnunoro 3nnnna, xorot tn c
oramn n n naax, +ro, noxrno, n crano t raxnm onnnnnm. o y
nymmro o]oxna o raxom ncnontsonannn cxasannx n moxr trt n un;
noonrt sarynnnx nomorar orooxsnnnax nsnoornnnocrt, nounnxmmax
ntcmym nancrnnnocrt non oron, ax cnn ona nnnctnar ncrynnnn.
n mory cunrart, uro +ra moant ornocnrcx x cnntntm croonam ntct, no
ona n nmr snaunnx nx nonsnonmoro m nnuarnnnx. nymarnt
arnyr n na n, a na rant cmtcn n coxann cxasannx. n arnyr
rax, xax yro nyrm camoanannsa onayxnn n c 3nnon xomnnxc n
asonaunn nonm oron n oaxyna xax samacxnonanno no nosntmnno
cocrnnno ccosnarntno. n xax yro ncnomnnar xnannx ycrannrt
orna n nsxrt nmcro nro n xnt mart n yxacarcx nm. ronoc no+ra on
nonnmar rax, xax yro ror xorn my cxasart: nanacno rt nornnnmtcx
cno ornrcrnnnocrn n ynxmt, uro ooncx nornn +rnx ncrynntx
namnn. t nc-raxn nnnonar, noromy uro n cmor nx ynnuroxnrt; onn
cymcrnymr n r ccosnarntno. n +rom saxnmuarcx ncnxonornucxax
nana. ax cnn unonx ntrcnnn cnon ynt
noyxnnx n ccosnarntno n xorn t ynrt cx, uro on sa nnx n
ornrcrnn, on nc-raxn ntnyxn uyncrnonart +ry ornrcrnnnocrt xax
uyncrno nnnt or nnsncrno my nnunnt.
onmnno ncomnnno, uro n 3nnonom xomnnxc moxno nnrt onn ns camtx
naxntx ncrounnxon cosnannx nnnt, xoroo rax uacro myuar nnornxon. ax
on roro: n nccnonannn o noncxoxnnn unonucxo nnrnn n
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nancrnnnocrn, xoroo x onynnxonan n 1913 r. no nasnannm orm n
ray, x ntcxasan nnonoxnn, uro, nosmoxno, unonucrno n nnom
nnono cno cosnann nnnt, ncrounnx nnrnn n nancrnnnocrn, n nauan
cno ncronn ns 3nnona xomnnxca(1). oxorno cxasan t ontm o +rom,
no nyum nosxyct. yno ocrannrt +ry rmy, cnn yx nauan, no nam
nyxno nnyrtcx x nnnnnyantno ncnxonornn.
rax, uro x moxno ysnart o 3nnonom xomnnxc nn nnoccrnnnom
nanmnnn sa nxom n nno ntoa oxra o nacrynnnnx narnrnoro
nnoa? rxo samrnrt, uro manntxn myxunna onn xour onaart
martm, nocnnnnmar nncyrcrnn orna xax nomxy, nosmymarcx, xora ror
nosnonxr c nxnocrn no ornomnnm x marn, ntaxar cno yonontcrnn,
cnn orn ysxar nnn orcyrcrnyr. acro on ntaxar cnon uyncrna cnonamn,
omax marn xnnrtcx na n. xaxyr, uro +roro
- ---------------------------------------
(1) +rnx nonoxnnxx ua ntaxna ro ycranonxa na oxcnnn
ncnxoanannrnucxo cxmt xyntryno-ncronucxnx nonccon.
nmcrnonanm "xnnxm" aor "orm n ray" (1913) on, ncnontsyx
annt anrononornn (n uacrnocrn, nsncrnt nccnonannx x. usa
"3onorax nrnt"), nononn naannnn mxy ncnxnucxo xnsntm nnornxon n
noncxoxnnm nnnx nonann n otuan.
mano no cannnnm c xnnxmn 3nna, no na camom n ocrarouno, n
saotm +ro ro x camo. acro no sarmnxrcx rm, uro ror x nox
ononmnno nn yrnx ocroxrntcrnax noxnnxr ontmym nxnocrt x orny;
rontxo raxn nornnononoxnt - nnn, nyum cxasart, amnnannrnt -
+monnonantnt ycranonxn, xorot y nsocnoro nnnnn t x xon]nnxry, y
nxa nxacno yxnnamrcx n runn nnrntnoro nmnn, noono romy
xax nosn onn nocroxnno naxoxrcx yr nosn yra n ccosnarntnom.
ranyr nosaxart raxx, uro nonnn manntxoro mantunxa nmr
+roncrnucxn mornnt n n nosnonxr nnonoxnrt cymcrnonann
+ornucxoro xomnnxca. Mart saornrcx o ncx nyxax nxa, n no+romy
nox sannrconan n rom, urot ona nn o xom yrom n cnoxonnact.
+ro nno, no cxoo cranonnrcx xcno, uro +roncrnucxn nnrc n +ro n
noono cnryannxx xnnxrcx nnmt nonoom, xorotm nontsyrcx +ornucxo
crmnnn. Kora mantm noxnnxr camo nnnxtro cxcyantno
nmontrcrno no ornomnnm x marn, ryx, urot ona ana ro noutm cnart
c coo, nocnrcx nncyrcrnonart nn ryanr nnn ax nnnnnmar
nontrxn conasnnrt , xax +ro uacro moxr samrnrt n co cmxom accxasart
mart, ro n +rom, nn ncxxoro comnnnx, onayxnnarcx +ornucxax nnoa
nnnxsannocrn x marn. ntsx raxx satnart, uro raxym x saory mart
noxnnxr x cno manntxo oun, n ocrnrax roro x syntrara, n uro
orn ocrarouno uacro connnuar c n n saor o mantunx, no my n
yarcx crart cront x snaunmtm, xax mart. Koou ronox, nnxaxo xnrnxo
nntsx ncxnmunrt ns cnryannn momnr nononoro nnournnx. rouxn snnx
+roncrnucxoro nnrca co croont manntxoro myxunnt, tno t nnmt
nasymno n noxnart nmrt x cnonm ycnyram nyx nnn nmcro onoro ns nnx.
Kax nt samrnnn, x oxaaxrnsonan rontxo ornomnn mantunxa x orny n
marn. V manntxo nouxn ono cxnatnarcx c noxonmtmn nsmnnnxmn
conmnno ananornuno. xnax nnnxsannocrt x orny, nornocrt ycrannrt
mart xax nnmnmm n sanxrt mcro, xoxrcrno, nontsymmcx ccrnamn
on nosnro nnoa xncrnnnocrn, nmnno y manntxo nouxn oasymr
nncrnym xarnny, xoroax sacrannxr satnart o ctsnocrn n nosmoxntx
rxxntx nocncrnnxx, croxmnx sa +ro nn]anrnntno cnryann. saym
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nnannrt, uro uacro camn onrnn oxastnamr mamm nnnxnn na
noyxnn +nnono ycranonxn y nxa, cnyx nononomy nnrxxnnm, n
ram, r ncxontxo r, orn camtm xnntm oasom orar nxno
nnournn oun, a mart ctny. o n +ror momnr n moxr ctsno
noxonart nsanncnmym nnoy rcxoro 3nnona xomnnxca. 3nnon xomnnxc
asacrarcx n cmnt xomnnxc, xora noxnnxmrcx yrn rn. nont
onnaxct na +roncrnucxo uyncrno, on mornnnyr ornnarntno ornomnn x
noxnnnnm artn n ccr n xnann nnmnno ycrannrt nx. +rnx
uyncrnax nnanncrn rn saxnnxmr, xax nannno, ax roaso uam, um o
uyncrnax, nmmmnx cnonm ncrounnxom onrntcxn xomnnxc. cnn raxo
xnann ncnonnxrcx, n cmrt tcro ynocnr nxnarntnoro nonoro unna
cmtn, ro ns anannsa n on nosnn rot moxno ysnart, xaxnm naxntm
nxnnannm tn nx nxa +ror cnyua cmrn, xorx on mor n n
coxannrtcx n namxrn. nox, oronnnyrt oxnnm nonoro nxa na
nroo nnan, nno nmx nourn nsonnonannt or marn, c ryom nomar
+ro cno nonoxnn; y nro noxnnxmrcx uyncrna, xorot y nsocnoro
moxno tno t nasnart rnyoxnm oxcrounnm, n uacro onn cranonxrcx
nnunno nnrntnoro oruyxnnx. Mt yx ynomnnann, uro cxcyantno nccno-
nann co ncmn ro nocncrnnxmn otuno onnarcx na +ror xnsnnnt ontr
nxa. noacrannm +rnx artn n ccr ycranonxa x nnm nrnnar
camt snaunrntnt nsmnnnx. Mantunx moxr ntart oxrom nmnn ccry
xax samny nnno marn; mxy ncxontxnmn artxmn, yxaxnnammnmn sa
mnam ccrnxo, yx n rcxo nosnnxamr cnryannn naxnoro
connnucrna, snaunmt nx nocnymm xnsnn. Manntxax nouxa naxonr n
cramm ar samny orny, xorot ontm n saornrcx o n c nxnocrtm,
xax n camt annn rot, nnn x mnamax ccra samnxr nxa,
xorooro ona rmrno xnana nmrt or orna.
axn n yrn noonoro x oa ornomnnx orxtnamr nnoccrnnno
nanmnn sa rtmn n nsyunn xoomo coxannnmnxcx, n nonrnyrtx
nnnxnnm anannsa nocnomnnann rcxnx nr. s +roro nt, mxy nounm,
cnar ntno, uro nosacrno nonoxnn nxa cn artn n ccr
xnnxrcx usntuano naxntm momnrom nx ro nocnymm xnsnn, xorot
nyxno nnnnmart no nnnmann no ncxxo nora]nn. o, uro m naxn,
naroax +rnm cnnnxm, xorot nryno nonyunrt, nt n s yntxn
ncnomnnr ntcxastnannx nayxn no nonoy nnunn sanra nnncra. ro ryr
rontxo n nnymann! ro ncncrnn conmcrno xnsnn n rcrn nonono
nnunn n onxno nanannxrtcx na unnon cmtn yroro nona nnn uro no
nsxann ntoxnnx nonornucxax rnnnnx onxna narn cno ncnxnucxo
ntaxnn no noxnnom ornamnnn x nnncry! n +rom conmnno
satnamr, uro n raxom nymonnmom sanr saxonom n otuaxmn n tno t
noxonmocrn, cnn t nornn nnncryosnoro ncxymnnx cymcrnonann
xaxn-nno naxnt crcrnnnt orannunnx. crnna xax as n
nornnononoxnom. nt nto ox-
ra y nm ncra nnncryosnt, y myxunnt - nanannnnt na mart n ccry,
n rymrcx camt crorn sanrt, urot n art noxnnrtcx +ro
noonxamm oxastnart cno crnn rcxo cxnonnocrn. V coxannnmnxcx
o cnx no nnmnrnnntx nxnx naoon nnncryosnt sanrt m on
crorn, um y nac, n nanno . x n ncrxm aor (1915-1916)
noxasan, uro nryant, cnxsannt c Mn]onornx rononr nam, uro xxot cront
ornarnrntnt nx nm nnncr s ncxxnx onacnn asmarcx oram, a
ns nn ncronn nt moxr ysnart, uro nnncryosnt ax c ccro tn
cnxmnntm nnncannm nx nnacrnnna (y nnnx ]aaonon, nnxon n y).
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ut nr, cnonarntno, o nnmymcrn, nocrynnom nocromy naoy.
Konocmcnrntcrno c martm - ono ncrynnnn 3nna, yncrno orna -
yro. Kcrarn ronox, +ro raxx r na nnnxnx ncrynnnnx, xorot
sanmar nnax connantno-nnrnosnax orannsannx nm, rormnsm.
m rnt or nnoccrnnntx nanmnn sa nxom x
anannrnucxomy nccnonannm nsocntx, saonnmnx nnosom. ro x ar
ananns nx antnmro nsyunnx 3nnona xomnnxca? 3ro moxno cxasart n
nyx cnonax. n naxonr ro raxnm x, xaxnm onnctnar ro cxasann; on
noxastnar, uro xaxt nnornx cam 3nn nnn, xax axnnx na xomnnxc,
Iamnr, uro cnonrcx x romy x. asymrcx, anannrnucxo nsoaxnn
3nnona xomnnxca xnnxrcx ynnnunnm n orynnnm roro, uro n rcrn
tno nnmt naocxom. nanncrt x orny, xnann ro cmrn - yx n oxn
namxn, n nx-
nocrn x marn cxtnarcx nnt onaart m xax xnmnno. Moxm nn mt
crnnrntno nnonarart cymcrnonann cront sxnx n xannx noxnnnn
uyncrn n nxnt rcxn rot nnn ananns nnonr nac n sanyxnn ns-sa
nmmarntcrna xaxoro-ro nonoro ]axroa? axono nryno narn. cxxn
as, xora unonx, yt ro ax ncronx, accxastnar o nomnom, nyxno
nnnnmart no nnnmann, uro nmnno on nnontno uro-ro nnocnr n nomno
ns nacroxmro nnn ns nomxyrountx nnoon, ncxaxax rm camtm ro
xarnny. cnn +ro nnornx, ro nosnnxar ax nonoc, xnnxrcx nn raxo
nncnn nnnamnntm; nosn mt nosnaxomnmcx c ro mornnamn n
noom onxnt ym cunrartcx c ]axrom "]anrasnonannx nasa" n anxo
nomno. Mt nrxo onayxnnam raxx, uro nnanncrt x orny ycnnnnarcx
xom mornnon, noncxoxmnx ns on nosnnx nnoon n ornomnn, uro
cxcyantnt xnannx no ornomnnm x marn ntnnnamrcx n ]omt, xorot,
ounnno, m nnsncrnt nxy. o nanacno tno t craartcx oxcnxrt
nc n 3nnonom xomnnxc "]anrasnonannm nasa" n ornocnrt x on
nosnnm nnoam. n]anrnntno xo, a raxx ontmax nnn mntmax uacrt
mnou coxanxrcx, xax +ro nornxar nnoccrnnno nanmnn sa
nxom.
Knnnnucxn ]axr, ntcrynammn sa anannrnucxn ycranonnnno ]omo 3nnona
xomnnxca, nmr oromno naxrnucxo snaunn. Mt ysnam, uro xo nmnn
nonono snocrn, xora cxcyantno nnunn cnauana c nonno cnno
ntnnrar cnon ronannx, cnona nnnnmamrcx nxnn cmnt n
nnncryosnt oxrt n onxrt saxnartnamrcx (esetzt) nnno. n]anrnntnt
nto oxra tn nnmt cnao nnmn, saanm nanannnn ntoa
oxra n nno nonono snocrn. 3ct astrtnamrcx ount
nnrncnnnt +monnonantnt noncct n nanannnnn 3nnona xomnnxca nnn
axnnn na nro, xorot, onaxo, no ontm uacrn ocramrcx nn cosnannx,
rax xax ycnonnx nx ocymcrnnnnx crann nntnocnmt. +roro nmnn nnnnn
onxn nocnxrnrt cx nnnxo saau orxoa or onrn, n rontxo nocn
mnnx on moxr ncrart trt nxom, urot crart unnom
connantnoro nnoro. nx ctna saaua cocronr n rom, urot ornnrt cnon
nnnosnt xnannx or marn n ncnontsonart nx nx ntoa nocroonnro
antnoro oxra nmnn n nnmnnrtcx c ornom, cnn on ocranancx c nnm no
nax, nnn ocnoonrtcx or ro annnnx, cnn on n nn axnnn na
rcxn norcr nonan n nounnnn x nmy. 3rn saaun croxr n xaxtm;
ynnnrntno, xax xo yarcx nx mnrt nantntm oasom, r. .
nannntno n ncnxonornucxom n connantnom ornomnnn. nnornxam +ro
mnn noom n yarcx; ctn ncm cnom xnsnt cxnonxrcx n anronrrom
orna n n n cocroxnnn nncrn cno nnno na nocroonnn cxcyantnt
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oxr. n coornrcrnymmm nsmnnnn ornomnn raxo x moxr trt n
yuacrt oun. +rom cmtcn 3nnon xomnnxc no nany cunrarcx xom
nnoson.
t oratnarct, ynaxamt rocnoa, xax xarxo x ocranannnnamct na
ontmom uncn naxrnucxn n rornucxn naxntx ornomnn, cnxsanntx c
3nnontm xomnnxcom. raxx n ocranannnnamct na ro nanannxx n na
nosmoxntx nnamnnxx n nornnononoxnocrt. ro on orannntx cnxsxx
mn xourcx m samrnrt rontxo ro, uro on oxasan oromno nnnxnn na
no+rnucxo rnoucrno. rro anx n sacnyxnnamm nnnmannx xnnr (1912n)
noxasan, uro amaryrn ncx nmn ann cnon cmxrt ns 3nnona n
nnncryosnoro xomnnxcon, nx nanann n mac-
xnonox. ntsx n ynomxnyrt raxx, uro oa ncrynntx xnannx 3nnona
xomnnxca saonro o ncnxoanannsa tnn nnsnant nonnnntmn ncrannrnxmn
syxno xnsnn nnunn. n counnnn +nnnxnonncra no nt
nar snamnnrt nanor nmxnnnx amo, nnnnt na nmnxn xstx
camnm Ir. am nt moxr noucrt samuarntnym ]asy: i le petit
sauvage etait aandonne a lui-meme, uil conservat toute son imecillite
et uil reunit au peu de raison de lenIant au erceau la violence des
passions de lhomme de trente ans, il tordrait le cou a son pere et
coucherait aves sa mere o o xo-um yrom x n mory n ynomxnyrt.
Mart-cynyra 3nna naom nanomnnna nam o cnonnnnn. omnnr syntrar
namnx anannson cnonnnn, uro oasymmn cnonnnn xnannx rax uacro
nmmr nsnamnnt, nnncryosnt xaaxr nnn ntamr noxnannym
naxnocrt x nnsxnm n nmnmtm ontm? ora mt ocrannnn nntxcnnntm
nonoc, orxya yrcx +rn snont uyncrna. nt nt camn moxr na nro
ornrnrt. 3ro annn rcxn acnnnnx nnno n nnnxsannocrn x
oxram (jektesetzung), anno ocrannnntm n cosnarntno xnsnn,
xorot noutm oxastnamrcx m cymcrnymmnmn n n nsncrnom cmtcn
cnocontmn. rax xax n rontxo nnornxn, no n nc nmn nmmr raxn
nsnamnnt, nnncryosnt n nncront cnonnnnx, mt moxm cnart ntno,
uro n nomantnt nmn nonann nyrt asnnrnx us nsnamnnx n
nnnxsannocrn |119|
n nynnnunnom n ycyrynnnom nn ro, uro ananns cnonnnn
onayxnnar n y soonoro. +ra ona ns nnunn, noumy nsyunnm
cnonnnn mt sanxnnct antm, um nccnonannm nnornucxnx cnmnromon.
H KH
crannnn o asnnrnn n rccnn. 3rnonornx
Vnaxamt amt n rocnoa! Mt ysnann, uro ]ynxnnx nnno nontnar
nnrntno asnnrn, nx um cranr cnyxnrt noonxnnm oa cnocoom,
nastnamtm nomantntm. nt x xorn t nam noxasart, xaxo snaunn
nmr +ro ocroxrntcrno nx nosnnxnonnnx nnoson.
nonaram, uro n coornrcrnnn c ronxmn om naronornn mt moxm
nnonoxnrt, uro raxo asnnrn ncr n c onacnocrn nyx nnon -
no-nntx, onacnocrt saxxn (Hemmung) n, no-nrotx, - rccnn
(Regression). 3ro snaunr, uro nn om cxnonnocrn nonornucxnx nonccon
x nanarnnnocrn onxno yr cnyunrtcx rax, uro n nc nororonnrntnt
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]ast yyr nont onnaxono ycnmno n noonnt nonnocrtm; xaxn-ro
xomnonnrt ]ynxnnn naonro saxarcx na +rnx annnx crynnxx, n n om
xarnn asnnrnx noxnnrcx nxoroax onx saxxn +roro asnnrnx.
onmm ananorn anntm nonccam n yrnx onacrxx. cnn nnt nao
noxnan mcra cnoro nocnnnx n noncxax nontx, xax +ro n as tnano n
annn nnot ncronn unonucrna, ro, ncomnnno,
on n nnxonn na nono mcro n cnom nonnom cocran. sanncnmo or yrnx
nort nocroxnno tnano rax, uro nontmn orxt nnn rynnt xounnnxon
ocranannnnannct no oor n cnnnnct na +rnx ocranonxax, n ro nmx xax
ocnonnax macca ornannxnact antm. nn nostmm on nnsxo cannnn.
am nsncrno, uro y ntcmnx mnxonnrammnx myxcxn saotmnt xnst,
nnonauantno nommammncx rnyoxo nnyrn nonocrn xnnora, x onnnnomy
nmnn nnyrnyrono xnsnn mnxmr mcro n nonaamr nourn nnoccrnnno
no xoxy rasonoro xonna. cncrnn +roro nyxannx y xa myxcxnx oco
onayxnnarcx, uro onn ns nantx oranon ocrancx n nonocrn rasa nnn
nocroxnno naxonrcx n rax nastnamom naxonom xanan, xorot oa
- ---------------------------------------
(1) mxx 3. (119-192) - xynnt ncrannrnt ]nsnxo-xnmnucxo mxont
n ]nsnonornn. Vunrnt ua. ro naoaronn u n monoocrn nonn
x nnntx nccnonann no anaromnn nnno cncrmt.
asnnrnx; no y +ro manntxo tt nct nyrt nsmnnn ormun ocranmnmncx
xnrxamn. n on nncrantnom accmornnn nam nryno yr ortcxart
cnat mcra +rnx cannnn. Mt xornm no+romy nxmo cxasart, uro nx
xaxoro orntnoro cxcyantnoro crmnnnx cunram nosmoxntm raxo
asnnrn, nn xoroom orntnt ro xomnonnrt ocramrcx na on annnx
crynnxx asnnrnx, rora xax yrnm yarcx ocrnut xonuno nnn. n
+rom nt nnnr, uro xaxo raxo crmnnn mt ncrannxm c xax
noonxammncx c nauana xnsnn norox, n nsncrno m ncxyccrnnno
asnaramt namn na orntno cnymmn yr sa yrom uacrn. am
nnuarnnn, uro +rn ncrannnnx nyxamrcx n antnmm asxcnnnn,
nannntno, no nontrxa cnart +ro sanna t nac cnnmxom anxo. osnontr
nam m oannrt, uro raxym ocranonxy uacrnoro nnunnx na on ann
crynnn cnyr nastnart ]nxcann (Fiierung) roax onacnocrt raxoro
crynnuaroro asnnrnx saxnmuarcx n rom, uro ax r xomnonnrt, xorot
asnnnnct antm, moryr nrxo nnyrtcx oarntm nyrm na ony ns +rnx
on annnx crynn, uro mt nastnam rccn. rmnnn nxnnar
rccnm n rom cnyua, cnn ncnonnnn ro ]ynxnn, r. . ocrnxnn nnn
ro yonnrnonnx, n on nosn nnn on ntcoxoasnnro ]om
naranxnnarcx na ctsnt nnmnn nnxrcrnnx. anamnnarcx
nnonoxnn, uro ]nxcannx n rccnx n concm nsanncnmt yr or
yra. m noun ]nxcannn na nyrn asnnrnx, rm cxo ]ynxnnx orcrynnr
n nnmnnmn rynocrxmn, rccnyx o +rnx ]nxcann, r. . rm
ncnocon x conornnnnnm nnmnnm nnxrcrnnxm nx ntnonnnnx
oxaxrcx c]omnonannax ]ynxnnx. crantr c, cnn xouno nao
ocrannn na croxnxax na cnom nyrn cnntnt orxt, ro ymmnm nn
crcrnnno nnyrtcx x +rnm cro-
xnxam, cnn onn yyr asnrt nnn ncrrxrcx c nnocxoxmnm nx no cnn
nornnnnxom. o nmcr c rm onn rm cxo oxaxyrcx n onacnocrn nornrt
noaxnn, um ontm naoy ns cnoro uncna onn ocrannnn na nyrn.
nx nonnmannx nnoson nam naxno n ynycxart ns nny +ro ornomnn mxy
]nxcann n rccn. ora nt nnorr rnym onoy n nonoc o
nnunnax nnoson, n nonoc o +rnonornn nnoson, x xorotm mt cxoo
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noom.
nauana anar ocranonnmcx m na rccnn. o romy, uro nam nsncrno o
asnnrnn ]ynxnnn nnno, nt moxr nnonoxnrt cymcrnonann nyx nnon
rccnn: nosnar x nntm saxnaunntm nnno oxram, xorot, xax
nsncrno, nnncryosnoro xaaxra, n nosnar om cxcyantno orannsannn
na on annmm crynnt. a nna ncruamrcx nn nnosax nncnnx n
nramr n nx mxannsm ontmym ont. conno nosnar x nntm nnncryosntm
oxram nnno xnnxrcx uro, nonroxmmcx y nnornxon c nxmo-raxn
yromnrntno rynxnocrtm. Ioaso ontm moxno cxasart o rccnxx
nnno, cnn nnnnut yrym rynny nnoson, rax nastnamtx
nannccrnucxnx, uro mt n namnt nart n nacroxm nmx. 3rn
saonnannx nosnonxmr nam cynrt o yrnx, m n ynomnnanmnxcx nonccax
asnnrnx ]ynxnnn nnno n coornrcrnnno noxastnamr nam nont nnt
rccnn. o x ymam, uro cuac onxn nx ncro nocrut nac or
roro, urot nt n nyrann rccnm n ntrcnnn, n nomout nam ntxcnnrt
ornomnnx mxy oonmn nonccamn. trcnnn, xax nt nomnnr, +ro raxo
noncc, naroax xoroomy ncnxnucxn axr, cnocont trt ocosnanntm, r.
. nnnanxamn cncrm ncosnarntnoro (Vw), narcx
ccosnarntntm, r. . nmmarcx n cncrmy ccosnarntnoro (w).
rouno
rax x mt rononm o ntrcnnnn, xora ccosnarntnt ncnxnucxn axr
noom n onycxarcx n nnxamym ncosnarntnym cncrmy, a ornrarcx
nnsyo yx na noor. onxrn ntrcnnnx, cnonarntno, n nmr
nnxaxoro ornomnnx x cxcyantnocrn; samrtr c +ro, noxanycra. no
oosnauar uncro ncnxonornucxn noncc, xorot mt moxm m nyum
oxaaxrnsonart, nasnan ronnucxnm. 3rnm mt xornm cxasart, uro ono nmr
no c nnonaramtmn ncnxnucxnmn nocrancrnnntmn mxocrxmn, nnn, cnn
onxrt nncrn +ro ryo ncnomorarntno ncrannnn, c nocronnm
ymnnoro annaara ns ocotx ncnxnucxnx cncrm.
ontxo nonx +ro cannnn, mt samrnm, uro o cnx no ynornxnn cnono
"rccnx" n n ro omm, a n conmnno cnnnantnom snaunnn. cnn nt
nnanr my ro omn cmtcn - nosnar or on ntcoxo crynnn asnnrnx
x on nnsxo, ro n ntrcnnn nonaar no rccnm, noromy uro ono
rox moxr trt onncano xax nosnar na on annmm n rnynnnym (tieIere)
crynnt asnnrnx ncnxnucxoro axra. ontxo nn ntrcnnnn cyrt saxnmuarcx
n n +rom oarnom nnxnnn, noromy uro mt nastnam ntrcnnnm n
nnamnucxom cmtcn n ror cnyua, xora ncnxnucxn axr saxnnarcx na
on nnsxo crynnn ccosnarntnoro. trcnnn nmnno
ronnucxn-nnamnucxo nonxrn, rccnx x - uncro onncarntno. o ro,
uro mt o cnx no nastnann rccn n nnnonnn n cnxst c ]nxcann, mt
nonnmann ncxnmunrntno xax nosnar nnno na on annn crynnn ro
asnnrnx, r. . xax nuro conmnno ornnuno, no cymcrny, or ntrcnnnx
n conmnno nsanncnmo or nro. Mt n moxm raxx nasnart rccnm
nnno uncro ncnxnucxnm nonccom n n snam, xaxym noxannsannm yxasart
n
ymnnom annaar. cnn ona n oxastnar na ymnnym xnsnt cnntnm
nnnxnn, ro nc-raxn orannucxn ]axro n n nanon snaunrnn.
asxcnnnx, noont +rnm, ynaxamt rocnoa, onxnt xasartcx ncxontxo
cyxnmn. arnmcx x xnnnnx, urot noxasart nnmnnn namnx anntx,
xoroo nonsnr ontm nnuarnnn. t snar, uro ncrnx n nnos
nanxsunntx cocroxnn - na ocnonntx ncrannrnx rynnt nnoson
nncnnx. Xorx nn ncrnn n ncruarcx rccnx nnno x nnnuntm
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nnncryosntm oxram, n ona saxonomna, no rccnn na on annmm
crynnt cxcyantno orannsannn conmnno n tnar. 3aro ntrcnnnm n
mxannsm ncrnn nnnanxnr rnannax ont. cnn mn nosnonno yr
ononnnrt namn rnmnn ocronnt cnnnx o +rom nnos ono
xoncryxnn, x mory onncart ]axrnucxo nonoxnn nm cnymmnm
oasom: onnnn uacrntx nnunn no nnmarom rnnrann sanmnnoct,
no ro syntrart naranxnnamrcx na conornnnnn ncosnarntno cncrmt,
cnxsanno c cosnannm. Innrantnax orannsannx snaunma nx
ccosnarntnoro, no n nx ncosnarntnoro, n +ro ornnann co croont
ncosnarntnoro cosar xarnny, nmmmym onnnno cxocrno c
cocroxnnm o rocnocrna rnnrann. o nc x +ro nuro concm nno. s
nyx rccn nnno roaso on nnmuarntna rccnx na on
annmm crynnt cxcyantno orannsannn. ax xax ona nn ncrnn
orcyrcrnyr, a nc nam nonnmann nnoson naxonrcx m no cnntntm
nnnxnnm nmcrnonanmro no nmnn nsyunnx ncrnn, ro snaunn
rccnn nnno cranr nam xcno namnoro nosn, um snaunn ntrcnnnx.
nroronnmcx x romy, uro namn nsrnxt m on acmnxrcx n nonrnyrcx
nonnx, xora mt nonrnm accmornnm, xom ncrnn n
nnosa nanxsunntx cocroxnn, m yrn, nannccrnucxn nnost.
n nnos nanxsunntx cocroxnn, nanornn, rccnx nnno na
nnanrntnym crynnt cancrcxo-anantno orannsannn xnnxrcx camtm
samuarntntm n mammnm ]axrom cnmnromarnucxoro ntaxnnx. monnt
nmnyntc onxn rora macxnonartcx no cancrcxn. anxsunno
ncrannnn: x xorn t rx ynrt, n cymnocrn, osnauar, cnn
ocnoonrt ro or onnnntx, no n cnyuantx, a noxonmtx oannnn,
n uro nno, xax: x xorn t nacnanrtcx roo n nmnn. nantr x +romy
m ro, uro ononmnno nonsomna rccnx oxron, rax uro +rn
nmnyntct ornocxrcx rontxo x camtm nnsxnm n camtm nmnmtm nnnam, n nt
cmoxr c ncrannrt ror yxac, xorot ntstnamr y ontnoro +rn
nanxsunnt ncrannnnx, n ononmnno ry crannocrt, c xoroo onn
ntcrynamr n ro cosnarntntm nocnnxrnm. o n ntrcnnn nnnnmar n
mxannsm +rnx nnoson ontmo yuacrn, xoroo, nana, nnrxo
asxcnnrt n raxom rnom nnonom +xcxyc, xax nam. rccnx nnno s
ntrcnnnx nnxora n nnnna t x nnosy, a ntnnnact t n nsnamnn.
rcma nt nnnr, uro ntrcnnn - +ro ror noncc, xorot nx ncro
cnocrnn nnosy n nyum ncro ro xaaxrnsyr. o moxr trt, y mnx
xora-nnyt yr cnyua noxasart nam, uro mt snam o mxannsm
nsnamnn, n rora nt ynnnr, uro n sct nnuro n noncxonr rax
nocro, xax xornoct t c ncrannrt.
Vnaxamt rocnoa! nonaram, uro nt, cxo ncro, nnmnnrct c rontxo
uro ycntmanntmn accyxnnxmn o ]nxcannn n rccnn nnno, cnn yr
cunrart nx sa nororonxy x nccnonannm +rnonornn nnoson. +rom x
cnan rontxo ono-nncrnnno coomnn, a nmnno ro, uro nmn saonna-
mr nnosom, cnn y nnx ornnmarcx nosmoxnocrt yonnrnonnx nnno, r.
. or "ntnyxnnoro orxasa" (Versagung), xax x ntaxamct, n uro nx
cnmnromt xnnxmrcx samcrnrnxmn ncocroxnmrocx yonnrnonnx.
asymrcx, +ro osnauar nonc n ro, uro nmo orxas or nnnosnoro
yonnrnonnx nar nnornxom xaxoro, xoro on xacarcx, a nnmt ro, uro
no ncx nccnonanntx cnyuaxx nnosa tn onayxn ]axro ntnyxnnoro
orxasa. onoxnn, raxnm oasom, noarnmo. t, nanno, raxx nonxnn,
uro +ro yrnxnn n acxtnar ncx ran +rnonornn nnoson, a ntnxr
nnmt naxno n oxsarntno ycnonn saonnannx.
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nacroxm nmx nnsncrno, cnyr nn nn antnmm ocyxnnn +roro
nonoxnnx oarnrt ocoo nnnmann na nnoy ntnyxnnoro orxasa nnn na
cnooasn roro, xro my nonxn. tnyxnnt orxas usntuano xo
tnar nccroonnnm n aconmrntm: urot crart narornno crnymmnm, on
onxn saronyrt ror cnoco yonnrnonnx, xorooro rontxo n ryr
anno nnno, na xorot ono rontxo n cnocono. omm, crt ount mnoro
nyr, urot ntncrn nnmnn nnnosnoro yonnrnonnx, n saonn ns-sa
nro. x ncro, nam nsncrnt nmn, xorot n cocroxnnn nncrn raxo
nnmnn s na, onn n uyncrnymr cx rora cuacrnnntmn, craamr or
rocxn, no n saonnamr. 3arm mt onxnt nnnxrt no nnnmann, uro nmnno
cxcyantnt nnunnx usntuano nnacrnunt, cnn moxno rax ntasnrtcx. nn
moryr ntcrynart ono nmcro yroro, ono moxr nnocrn nnrncnnnocrt
yrnx; cnn yonnrnonn onoro ornrarcx antnocrtm, ro
yonnrnonn yroro moxr nnncrn x nonno xomnncannn. nn ornocxrcx
yr x yry xax crt coomammnxcx, nanonnnntx xnxocrtm xananon, n +ro -
ncmorx na nx nounnnn nnmary rnnrann, uro
nonc n rax nrxo onnnrt n onom ncrannnnn. an, uacrnt
cxcyantnt nnunnx, rax x xax cocrannnno ns nnx cxcyantno
crmnnn, nmmr cnoconocrt mnxrt cno oxr, sammart ro yrnm, n
rom uncn n on nrxo ocrnxnmtm; +ra cnoconocrt cmmartcx n roronnocrt
onontcrnonartcx cyoraramn onxnt cnntno nornnocrnonart narornnomy
nnnxnnm ntnyxnnoro orxasa. n +rnx nonccon, samnmammnx or
saonnannx ns-sa nnmnnx, onn nnon ocoo xyntryno snaunn. n
cocronr n rom, uro cxcyantno crmnnn orxastnarcx or cno nnn
uacrnoro yonontcrnnx nnn yonontcrnnx or noonxnnx oa n nanannxrcx
x yro nt y nac moxr cnoxnrtcx nnuarnnn, uro naroax ncm +rnm
ccrnam, nomorammnm nncrn nnmnn, ono norxno cno snaunn. o
nr, ono coxanxr cnom narornnym cnny. nnom ccrna nornnocrnnx
oxastnamrcx nocrarountmn. Konnucrno nyonnrnonnoro nnno, xoroo
n cnm moryr nncrn nmn, orannunno. nacrnunocrt, nnn cnoonax
nonnxnocrt, nnno anxo n y ncx coxanxrcx nonnocrtm, n cynnmannx
moxr ocnoonrt ncra rontxo onnnnym uacrt nnno, n ronox yx o
rom, uro mnorn nmn nnmt n nsnaunrntno crnnn onaamr cnoconocrtm x
cynnmannn. amo naxno cn +rnx orannunn - ounnno,
orannunn nonnxnocrn nnno, rax xax ono nar sanncnmtm
yonnrnonn nnnnna or ount nsnaunrntnoro uncna nn n oxron.
cnomnnr rontxo o rom, uro nconmnno asnnrn nnno ocrannxr nctma
mnorouncnnnt, nnora ax mnoroxarnt ]nxcannn nnno na annnx ]asax
orannsannn n naxoxnnx oxra, no ontm uacrn n cnocont art
antno yonnrnonn, n nt nnsnar n ]nxcannn nnno nroo momnt
]axro, ntcrynammn nmcr c ntnyxnntm orxasom nnunno saonnannx.
xmarnucxn xarxo nt moxr cxasart, uro n +rnonornn nnoson ]nxcannx
nnno ncrannxr coo nacnonarammn, nnyrnnn ]axro,
ntnyxnnt x orxas - cnyuant, nnmnn.
3ct x nocnontsymct cnyuam nocrut nac, urot nt n nnnxnn
xaxym-nno croony n conmnno nsnnmnm cno. nayx nctma nnnxro
ntxnartnart uacrt ncrnnt, crannrt na mcro nnoro n oortcx n
nontsy co ncm ocrantntm, n mn nntm. axnm nyrm or
ncnxoanannrnucxoro nnxnnx orxononoct yx ncxontxo nanannnn, ono ns
xorotx nnsnar rontxo +roncrnucxn nnunnx, no ornnar cxcyantnt,
yro x orar onxno rontxo nnnxnnm antntx xnsnnntx saau, n
samuax nnnnnyantnoro nomnoro, n r. n.(1) nor sct nosnnxar nono
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nx noonoro nornnonocrannnnx n nocranonxn nonmt: xnnxmrcx nn
nnost +xsornntmn nnn +nornntmn saonnannxmn, nnsxntm cncrnnm
onnnno xoncrnrynnn nnn noyxrom onnnntx nntx
(ranmarnucxnx) xnsnnntx nnuarnnn, n uacrnocrn, ntstnamrcx nn onn
]nxcann nnno (n nou cxcyantno xoncrnrynn) nnn nosnnxamr no
rnrom ntnyxnnoro orxasa? 3ra n-
- ---------------------------------------
(1) 3ct nmmrcx n nny orxononmncx or mxont ua mxont nra n na.
nmma xaxrcx mn n omm n on rnyoxomtcnnno, um yrax, xoroym x
mor t nam nnoxnrt: noxnnxrcx nn nox n syntrar onnoornonnx
ornom nnn ncncrnn sauarnx martm? a ycnonnx onnaxono noxonmt,
cnannnno ornrnr nt. nnunnax nnoson coornomnn cnn n concm
raxo, ro ount noxox. c cnyuan nnornucxnx saonnann nn
accmornnn nx nnunn acnonaramrcx n onn x, n nnax xorooro oa
]axroa - cxcyantnax xoncrnrynnx n nxnnannx nnn, cnn xornr, ]nxcannx
nnno n ntnyxnnt orxas - ncrannnt rax, uro ono nosacrar, cnn
yro ymntmarcx. a onom xonn xa naxoxrcx xann cnyuan, o
xorotx nt c yxnnm moxr cxasart: +rn nmn saonnn t n nmom
cnyua ncncrnn cnoro ocooro asnnrnx nnno, uro t onn nn nxnnn,
xax t saornnno nn manna nx xnsnt. a yrom xonn acnonaramrcx cnyuan,
o xorotx cnonano t cynrt nornnononoxntm oasom: Vnaxamt rocnoa!
naram nasnart noonoro oa xt ononnnrntntmn xamn
(rganzungsreihen) n nynxam nac, uro y nac yr nono oasonart n
yrn noont xt.
Vnocrno, c xorotm nnno xnrcx sa onnnnt nanannnnx n oxrt,
rax cxasart, nnnnnunnocrt nnno, xaxrcx nam camocroxrntntm,
nnnnnyantno nsmnunntm, conmnno nnsncrno or uro sanncxmnm
]axroom, snaunn xorooro nx +rnonornn nnoson mt, xonuno, n ym
ontm noonnnnart. o nntsx n nonnnnart rnynny +ro cnxsn. axax
x "nnnnnunnocrt" nnno - no nnsncrntm nnunnam - ncruarcx nn
mnornx ycnonnxx y nomantnoro unonxa n cunrarcx onnxmmnm ]axroom
nx nnn, xorot n nsncrnom cmtcn nornnononoxnt craammnm nnosom, -
nx nsnamnntx. m o ncnxoanannsa (Binet, 1)(1) tno nsncrno, uro n
anamns nsnamnntx nctma uacro ncruarcx ount ann nnuarnnn
nnomantno nanannnnocrn nnunnx nnn ntoa oxra, na xoroom nnno
+roro nnna sacrxno na ncm xnsnt. acro nntsx cxasart, uro cnano +ro
nnuarnnn cnocontm oxasart na nnno cront nnrncnnno nnrxrarntno
crnn. accxaxy nam cnyua raxoro oa ns cocrnnnoro ontra
nanmnn. nn myxunna, nx xorooro rnnrannn n yrn nncrn xnmnnt
yx nnuro n snaunnn, xorot mor nnrn n nnoonnmo cxcyantno
nosyxnn rontxo or oyro norn onnnno ]omt, ncnomnnar ono
nxnnann n mcrnnrnm nosacr, cranm mammnm nx ]nxcannn ro
nnno. n cnn na cxamux nosn rynnanrxn, y xoroo an yoxn
anrnncxoro xstxa. V rynnanrxn, crao, cyxo, nxacnno nt c
noxnncrtmn ronytmn rnasamn n nsnyrtm nocom, n ror nt onna nora, n
no+romy ona ntrxnyna , oyrym n axarnym ry]nm, na noymx; nn +rom
nx-
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(1) nn nt] (157-1911) - ]annyscxn ncnxonor. cnonarnt nnoro no
uannnn ncnxonornucxoro xynana n ncnxonornucxo naoaronn.
nxx uacrt norn tna saxtra camtm cxomntm oasom. axax xyax xnnncrax
nora, xoroym on nnn rora y rynnanrxn, nocn oxo nontrxn
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nomantno nonono xrntnocrn n nno nonono snocrn crana ro
nncrnnntm cxcyantntm oxrom, n on tn nyxnmo ynnun, cnn x
+ro nor nnconnxnnct m n yrn urt, nanomnnanmn rnn
rynnanrxn-anrnnuanxn. o ncncrnn +ro ]nxcannn cnoro nnno +ror
unonx cran n nnornxom, a nsnamnntm, xax mt rononm, ]rnmncrom
norn.* rax, nt nnnr, xorx usmnax, x romy x m n nxnmnnax
]nxcannx nnno xnnxrcx nnmnno nnunno nnoson, onaxo xyr
crnnx ntxonr anxo sa onacrt nnoson. amo no c +ro ycnonn
xnnxrcx raxnm x mano mammnm, xax n an ynomxnyro ycnonn
ntnyxnnoro orxasa.
rax, nonma nnunn nnoson, no-nnnmomy, ycnoxnxrcx. camom n,
ncnxoanannrnucxo nccnonann snaxomnr nac c nontm ]axroom, n nnnxrtm
no nnnmann n namm +rnonornucxom xy, xorot nyum ncro nanmart n
rx cnyuaxx, xora xoom camouyncrnn noxnanno naymarcx
nnornucxnm saonnannm. V raxnx nnn ncra naxoxrcx nnsnaxn
cronxnonnnx xnann, nnn, xax mt nnntxnn rononrt, ncnxnucxoro
xon]nnxra. acrt nnunocrn orcrannar onnnnt xnannx, yrax
nornnnrcx +romy n orxnonxr nx. s raxoro xon]nnxra n tnar nnosa.
+rom, xasanoct t, nr nnuro oconnoro. t snar, uro nama ymnnax
xnsnt cntnno norxcarcx xon]nnxramn, xorot mt onxnt asmart.
nonarntno, nx roro urot raxo xon]nnxr cran narornntm, onxnt trt
ntnonnnt ocot ycnonnx. Mt moxm cnocnrt, xaxont +rn ycnonnx, mxy
xaxnmn ymnntmn cnnamn astrtnamrcx +rn na-
- ---------------------------------------
* . aory ua "urnmnsm" (1927).
rornnt xon]nnxrt, xaxo ornomnn nmr xon]nnxr x yrnm ]axroam,
xnnxmmnmcx nnunno onsnn.
amct, x cmory art nam ncuntnammn ornr na +rn nonoct, xorx on n
yr cxmarnuntm. Kon]nnxr ntstnarcx ntnyxnntm orxasom, xora nnmnno
yonnrnonnx nnno ntnyxno ncxart yrn oxrt n nyrn. Vcnonnm
xon]nnxra xnnxrcx ro, uro +rn yrn nyrn n oxrt ntstnamr nonontcrno
uacrn nnunocrn, rax uro naxnatnarcx nro, namm cnauana nnosmoxntm
nont cnoco yonnrnonnx. rcma nr an nyrt x oasonannm
cnmnromon, xorot mt nocnnm nosn. rnrnyrt nnnosnt crmnnnx
oxastnamrcx n cocroxnnn onrtcx nnn oxontntmn nyrxmn, xorx n ycrynax
norcry n nn onnnntx ncxaxnn n cmxrunn. xont nyrn n crt
nyrn oasonannx cnmnromon, cnmnromt - nono n sammamm yonnrnonn,
cranm noxonmtm naroax ]axry ntnyxnnoro orxasa.
3naunn ncnxnucxoro xon]nnxra moxno ntasnrt no-yromy: x
nnmn-ntnyxnnomy orxasy, urot on cran narornntm, onxn
nnconnnrtcx m nnyrnn-ntnyxnnt orxas. asymrcx, nnmn- n
nnyrnn-ntnyxnnt orxast nmmr ornomnn x asntm nyrxm n oxram.
nmn-ntnyxnnt orxas ornnmar ony nosmoxnocrt yonnrnonnx,
nnyrnn-ntnyxnnt xorn t ncxnmunrt yrym nosmoxnocrt, noxyr
xoroo sarm n astrtnarcx xon]nnxr. nnounram +ror cnoco
nsnoxnnx, noromy uro on nmr cxtro coxann. n namxar na ro, uro
nnyrnnn saxxn nonsomnn, noxrno, n nnn nnot unonucxoro
asnnrnx ns-sa antntx nnmnnx nnxrcrnn.
o xaxont r cnnt, or xorotx ncxonr norcr nornn nnnosnoro
crmnnnx, uro ncrannxr coo yrax croona n narornnom xon]nnxr?
oom ronox, +ro n cxcyantnt nnunnx. Mt onnxm
nx no "nnunnx "; (1) ncnxoananns nnoson nncnnx n ar nam
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nxmoro ocryna x nx antnmmy asnoxnnm, mt snaxomnmcx c nnmn n nyumm
cnyua nnmt oruacrn naroax conornnnnnxm, oxastnamtm anannsy.
arornntm xon]nnxrom, cnonarntno, xnnxrcx xon]nnxr mxy nnunnxmn
n cxcyantntmn nnunnxmn. nnom x cnyuan xaxrcx, yro xon]nnxr
noncxonr mxy asnnuntmn uncro cxcyantntmn crmnnnxmn; no, n
cymnocrn, +ro ro x camo, noromy uro ns nyx naxoxmnxcx n xon]nnxr
cxcyantntx crmnnn ono ncra, rax cxasart, nannntno c rouxn snnx
, n ro nmx xax yro ntstnar orno . nonarntno, xon]nnxr
nosnnxar mxy n cxcyantnocrtm.
Vnaxamt rocnoa! unt uacro, xora ncnxoananns cunran ymnnt noncc
syntrarom aort cxcyantntx nnunn, ro c cnro naxnocrtm
ynxann n rom, uro unonx cocronr n rontxo ns cxcyantnocrn, uro n
ymnno xnsnn crt m yrn nnunnx n nnrct, xom cxcyantntx,
nntsx "nc" cnonrt x cxcyantnocrn n r. n. unt nnxrno nno as trt
onoro mnnnx co cnonmn nornnnnxamn. cnxoananns nnxora n satnan, uro
crt n ncxcyantnt nnunnx, on onnarcx na urxo asnnn
cxcyantntx nnunn n nnunn n m o ncxxnx nosaxnn yrnxan n
ro, uro nnost noxnnxmrcx ns cxcyantnocrn, a uro onn oxsant cnonm
noncxoxnnm xon]nnxry mxy n cxcyantnocrtm. Kora on nsyuar ont
cxcyantntx nnunn n onsnn n n xnsnn, y nro raxx nr nnxaxoro
nosmoxnoro mornna ocnannart cymcrnonann n snaunn nnunn . ontxo
ro cyta raxona, urot sa-
- ---------------------------------------
(1) n oxcnnnn narornnoro xon]nnxra uom nnnt nnonrcx nonxrn
o nnunnxx xax mornnannonnom ]axro, ornnunom or cxcyantnoro nnunnx
(nnno).
nnmartcx cxcyantntmn nnunnxmn n nnym out, noromy uro naroax
nnosam nncnnx onn crann camtmn ocrynntmn nx accmornnx n noromy
uro my nnmnoct nsyuart ro, um yrn nnrnn.
nno raxx n ro, uro ncnxoananns nonc n nnrconancx ncxcyantno
uacrtm nnunocrn. Kax as asnnn n cxcyantnocrn nosnonxr nam c
ocoo xcnocrtm nonxrt, uro n nnunnx noxoxr snaunrntnt nyrt
asnnrnx, asnnrnx, xoroo n concm nsanncnmo or nnno n n noncxonr
s oarnoro noscrnnx na nro. ana, mt roaso xyx snam o
asnnrnn , um o asnnrnn nnno, noromy uro rontxo nsyunn
nannccrnucxnx nnoson omar art nonnmann cryxryt . naxo yx
nmrcx sacnyxnnammax nnnmannx nontrxa unnn (1913)(1) rornucxn
nocronrt crynnn asnnrnx , n no xan m n nyx mcrax mt nonyunnn
rnt rouxn onot nx roro, urot cynrt o +rom asnnrnn. Mt n ymam,
uro nnnosnt nnrct nnunocrn c camoro nauana naxoxrcx n nornnounn
x nnrcam camocoxannnx; cxo yr crmnrtcx na xaxo crynnn
ocranartcx n cornacnn c coornrcrnymm cxcyantno orannsann n
nounnxrt c. mna orntntx ]as n asnnrnn nnno noncxonr,
noxrno, no nnncanno noramm, no nntsx n cornacnrtcx, uro na +ror
noncc moxr oxastnart nnnxnn n ononmnno, no-nnnmomy,
nycmorn nsncrnt naannnnsm, onnnno coornrcrnn ]as asnnrnx
n nnno; naymnn x +roro coornrcrnnx morno t crart narornntm
]axroom. nam rouxn snnx naxno, xax ornocnrcx x nouno ]nxcannn
cnoro nnno na xaxo-ro crynnn ro asnnrnx. no moxr onycrnrt
- ---------------------------------------
(1) unnn ano (173-1932) - nnrcxn ncnxnar. nn ns rnanntx
ncrannrn mxont ua.
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n cranr rora n coornrcrnymm m nsnamnntm, nnn, uro ro x
camo, nn]anrnntntm. o ono moxr orncrnct x +romy saxnnnnm nnno n
ornnarntno, n rora nnorr "ntrcnnnm ram, r y nnno nmrcx
"]nxcannx".
axnm oasom, mt nonyuam, uro rrn ]axro +rnonornn nnoson,
cxnonnocrt x xon]nnxram, rouno rax x sanncnr or asnnrnx , xax n or
asnnrnx nnno. am nonnmann nnunn nnoson, raxnm oasom,
yrnynnoct. nauana, xax camo om ycnonn - ntnyxnnt orxas, sarm -
]nxcannx nnno, xoroax rcnnr ro n onnnntx nanannnnxx, n,
n-rrtnx, cxnonnocrt x xon]nnxram n syntrar asnnrnx , ornrammro
raxn noxnnnnx nnno. onoxnn nm, cnonarntno, n rax yx
sanyrano n n rax ryno n nm asoartcx, xax nam, noxrno, noxasanoct
n xo monx accyxnn. oxany, onaxo, +ro m n nc. yxno nnannrt
m xo-uro nono n rannsnonart yx nsncrno.
nx roro urot nomoncrnonart nam nnnxnn asnnrnx na oasonann
xon]nnxron n nmcr c rm na nnunny nnoson, x xorn t nnncrn nnm,
xorx n conmnno ntmtmnnnt, no nn n xo m n nnmnnt noxrnocrn.
ctnaxct na sarnann xomnn crox, x am nnmy xaaxrno nasnann
" nonan n na nnom +rax". nonan xnnr nonnx, na nnom +rax -
omonnann, orart n snarnt unonx. V oonx crt rn, n nnonoxnm,
uro oun omonnantna asmarcx s nncmora nrart c nxom
nonranx. rxo moxr cnyunrtcx, uro nrt r nnmyr nnncront, r.
. cxcyantnt xaaxr, uro onn yyr nrart "n nany n mamy",
asrnxtnart yr yra nn nnrnmntx ornannnnxx n asaxart rnnrannn.
nouxa nonnxa, xoroax, ncmorx na cnon nxrt nnn mcrt nr, morna
nanmart xo-uro ns cxcyantno xnsnn nsocntx, noxany, ctrar nn +rom
ont conasnnrntnnnt. 3rnx nxnnann, ax cnn onn noonxamrcx
nonro, ocrarouno, urot axrnnnsnonart y oonx r onnnnt
cxcyantnt nmnyntct, xorot nocn nxamnnx conmcrntx nr n runn
ncxontxnx nr yyr ntaxartcx n macryannn. axono om, xonunt x
syntrar y oonx r yr ount asnnuntm. out nonnxa yr
noonxart macryannm o nacrynnnnx mncryann, sarm s rya
nxarnr , ncxontxo nr cnycrx nar c nmonnnxa n, nosmoxno,
onr nxa, nor no romy nnn yromy xnsnnnomy nyrn, xorot, moxr
trt, nnnr x nonoxnnm nonynxno axrnct, n saxonunr xnsnt
ancroxarxo. nonn nosmoxno, uro cyta oxaxrcx mn ncrxm, no
no ncxxom cnyua ona ntnonnnr cno nnasnaunn n xnsnn, n nocraan or
nxnmnnoro noxnnnnx cno cxcyantnocrn, cnoonax or nnosa.
yro no - out omonnantna. na m nxom naunr noosnart, uro
cnana uro-ro cxnno, cxoo, no, nosmoxno, nnmt nocn rxxno ott
orxaxrcx or macryannonnoro yonontcrnnx, n, ncmorx na +ro, n n
coxannrcx xaxax-ro yyunnocrt. Kora n nnutn rot ona cmoxr xo-uro
ysnart o nonontx cnomnnxx, ro ornnrcx or +roro c noxcnnmtm
ornamnnm n nnourr ocrartcx n nnnnn. oxrno, rnt ona
ycrynnr nnont oxnarnnmmy nnoonnmomy crmnnnm x macryannn, o
xoroom n marcx noxanonartcx. rot, xora ona morna t nonannrtcx
myxunn xax xnmnna, y n nonrcx nnos, xorot nnmnr axa n
xnsnnno naxt. cnn nn nomomn anannsa yacrcx nonxrt +ror
nnos, ro oxaxrcx, uro +ra xoomo nocnnrannax, nnrnnnrnrnax nymxa c
ntcoxnmn crmnnnxmn conmnno ntrcnnna cxcyantnt uyncrna, a onn,
ccosnarntno nx n, sacrxnn na xanxnx nxnnannxx c noyro
rcrna(1).
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asnnun nyx cy, ncmorx na onnaxont nxnnannx, noncxonr or
roro, uro ono nymxn nonano asnnrn, n nmnm mcra y yro.
oun nonnxa cxcyantnax xrntnocrt xasanact cront x crcrnnno n
n ntstnamm comnnnx, xax n rcrn. out omonnantna ncntrana
noscrnn nocnnrannx n nnnxna ro ronannx. ns nocrannnntx
my noyxnn cosano c nant xncxo uncrort n nnoounocrn, c
xorotmn nconmcrnma cxcyantnax xrntnocrt; nnrnnxryantno
asnnrn cnnsnno nnrc x xncxo onn, nnasnaunno nx n.
naroax +romy on ntcoxomy moantnomy n nnrnnxryantnomy asnnrnm
cnoro ona nonana n xon]nnxr c ronannxmn cno cxcyantnocrn.
ronx x xouy ocranonnrtcx m na onom nynxr asnnrnx xax ns-sa
nsncrntx anxnx ncnxrnn, rax n noromy, uro nmnno ro, o um yr
ut, onantnar nsnmnnno namn, sxo n n camo coo asymmmcx
ornnn nnunn or cxcyantntx nnunn. onnx oonx asnnrnn, n
nnno, mt onxnt ntnnnyrt na nnt nnan rouxy snnx, na xoroym o cnx
no n uacro oamann nnnmann. a onn ncrannxmr coo n ocnon
ynacnonannt, coxamnnt nonronnx asnnrnx, nonnoro ncm
unonucrnom n runn ount nnrntnoro nmnn,
- ---------------------------------------
(1) nnnnt nnm n nmr nnxaxnx nayuntx ocnonann n nnmt oraxar
xnacconym onnrannm mnonossnnx ua, cunrammro, uro nox ns
no cmtn ornnarntno nnnxr na nxa ns saxnrouno cmtn.
naunnax c nnotrntx nmn.* Mn xaxrcx, uro +ro ]nnornrnucxo
noncxoxnn asnnrnx nnno nnonn ounnno. crantr c, uro y
onoro xnacca xnnorntx rnnrantnt annaar naxonrcx n rcnm cnxsn c
rom, y yroro nornnm or annaara ntnnnx, y rrtro cnxsan c
oranamn nnxnnx, nc +rn annt nxacno onncant n nnno xnnr .
ntm (1911-1913). V xnnorntx moxno nnrt, rax cxasart, sacrtnmnmn n
cxcyantno orannsannn nc nnt nsnamnn. o y unonxa
]nnornrnucxo accmornn oruacrn sacnonxrcx rm ocroxrntcrnom, uro
ro, uro xnnxrcx, no cymcrny, ynacnonanntm, nnont nnorarcx n
nnnnnyantnom asnnrnn n, noxrno, noromy, uro r x camt
ocroxrntcrna, xorot n cno nmx ntsnann noxonmocrt nnornnx
nontx cnocrn, noonxamr cymcrnonart n crnonart na xaxoro n
orntnocrn. t cxasan, uro n cno nmx onn oxasann rnoucxo nnnxnn,
rnt x ntstnamr x xnsnn yx cosanno. Kom roro, ncomnnno, uro xo
nnaurannoro asnnrnx y xaxoro n orntnocrn moxr trt naymn n
nsmnn nontmn nnnxnnxmn nsnn. o mt snam cnny, xoroax ntnynna
unonucrno na raxo asnnrn n cronx noonxar oxastnart cno
annnn n rom x nanannnnn: +ro onxrt-raxn ntnyxnnt antnocrtm
orxas, nnn, cnn nastnart nacroxmnm nmnm, xnsnnnax noxonmocrt
(??????). na tna croro nocnnrarntnnn n mnoro cnana ns nac.
nornxn ornocxrcx x rm rxm, xorotm +ra crorocrt nnncna rotxn
nnot, no raxo ncx crt n nmom
- ---------------------------------------
(1) u acnocranxr nornrnucxn saxon Mmnna-Ixxnx (cm. ntm)
na ornomnn mxy ncnxnucxnm asnnrnm nnnnna n ncro unonucrna.
nanomnocrt raxoro noxoa oxasana nocnymmnmn nccnonannxmn
asnnrnx ncnxnxn n onrorns.
nocnnrannn. noum, annax onnxa xnsnnno noxonmocrn xax nnrarnx
asnnrnx n onxna noccranannnnart nac nornn snaunnx "nnyrnnnx
rnnnn asnnrnx", cnn raxont moxno oxasart.
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ctma ocrono nnnmannx ro, uro cxcyantnt nnunnx n nncrnnxrt
camocoxannnx n onnaxontm oasom nyr cx no ornomnnm x antno
noxonmocrn. ncrnnxrt camocoxannnx n nc, uro c nnmn cnxsano, nru
noamrcx nocnnrannm; onn ano nayuamrcx nounnxrtcx noxonmocrn n
nanannxrt cno asnnrn no yxasannxm antnocrn. 3ro nonxrno, noromy uro
onn n moryr nnocrn c nyxnt oxrt nnxaxnm yrnm cnocoom; s
+rnx oxron nnnnnyym onxn nornnyrt. xcyantnt nnunnx ryn
nocnnrart, noromy uro nnauan y nnx nr noxonmocrn n oxr. ax xax
onn nnconnxmrcx x yrnm ]ynxnnxm rna, xax t naasnrnyx, n
ayro+ornucxn yonnrnoxmrcx cocrnnntm rnom, ro cnauana ycxontsamr
ns-no nocnnrarntnoro nnnxnnx antno noxonmocrn n y ontmnncrna
nm yrnxamr +ror xaaxr cnononnx, nocrynnocrn nnnxnnm
nocnnrannx, ro, uro mt nastnam "nasymnocrtm", n xaxom-ro ornomnnn n
runn nc xnsnn. nonxnnocrn nocnnrararntntm noscrnnxm monoo
nnunocrn, xax nannno, nnxonr xonn, xora cxcyantnt nornocrn
oxonuarntno noctnamrcx. 3ro nsncrno nocnnrarnxm, n onn crnymr
cooasno +romy; no, moxr trt, naroax syntraram, nonyunntm n
ncnxoananns, nx yacrcx cxnonnrt x romy, urot nncrn rnannt axnnr
na nocnnrann n nnt rcxn rot, naunnax c mnanucxoro nosacra.
Manntxn unonx uacro yx x urnromy nnn nxromy roy tnar saxonun n
rontxo nocrnnno noxnnxr ro, uro n nm yx sanoxno.
rot nonnocrtm onnnrt snaunn yxasannoro asnnunx mxy onmn rynnamn
nnunn, mt on-
xnt nauart nsanxa n nnncrn ono ns rx accyxnn, xoroo
sacnyxnnar nasnannx +xonomnucxoro. m camtm mt ncrynam n ony ns camtx
naxntx, no, x coxannnm, n camtx rmntx onacr ncnxoanannsa. Mt crannm
nonoc, moxno nn n aor namro ymnnoro annaara narn rnannym nnt, n
ornuam na nro n nnom nnnnxnnn, uro +ra nnt cocronr n nonyunnn
yonontcrnnx. Kaxrcx, uro ncx nama ymnnax xrntnocrt nanannna na
ro, urot nonyuart yonontcrnn n nsrart nyonontcrnnx, uro ona
anromarnucxn rynnyrcx nnnnnnom yonontcrnnx (Lustprinzip). ontm
ncro na cnr mt xornn t snart, xaxont ycnonnx nosnnxnonnnx
yonontcrnnx n nyonontcrnnx, no nmnno +roro-ro nam n n xnarar.
ynnnocrtm moxno yrnxart rontxo ro, uro yonontcrnn xaxnm-ro oasom
cnxsano c ymntmnnm, cnnxnnm nnn yracannm nmmmrocx n ymnnom
annaar xonnucrna asaxnnx, a nyonontcrnn - c ro ynnnunnm.
ccnonann camoro nnrncnnnoro yonontcrnnx, ocrynnoro unonxy, -
nacnaxnnx nn conmnnn nononoro axra - n ocrannxr comnnnx n +rom
nynxr. ax xax nn raxnx nonccax yonontcrnnx ut nr o cyt
xonnucrna ymnnoro nosyxnnx, nnn +nrnn, ro accyxnnx raxoro oa
mt nastnam +xonomnucxnmn. Mt samuam, uro moxm onncart saauy n
]ynxnnm ymnnoro annaara raxx nnau n n on omm nn, um ntnnrax
na nnt nnan nonyunn yonontcrnnx. Mt moxm cxasart, uro ymnnt
annaar cnyxnr nnn oonrt nocrynammn n nro nsnn n nsnyrn asaxnnx
n nosyxnnx n ocnoonrtcx or nnx. cxcyantntx nnunnxx conmnno
xcno nornxtnar ro, uro onn xax n nauan, rax n n xonn cnoro asnnrnx
crmxrcx x nonyunnm yonontcrnnx; onn coxanxmr +ry nnonauantnym
]ynxnnm s nsmnnnx. K romy x camomy crmxrcx cnauana n yrn
nnunnx . o no nnnx-
nnm nacrannnnt-noxonmocrn nnunnx tcro nayuamrcx samnxrt nnnnnn
yonontcrnnx xaxo-nno mon]nxann. 3aaua nornamart nyonontcrnn
crannrcx nx nnx nourn naann c saau nonyunnx yonontcrnnx; ysnar,
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uro nnsxno nnrcx orxasartcx or nnoccrnnnoro yonnrnonnx,
ornoxnrt nonyunn yonontcrnnx, nxnrt nmnoro nyonontcrnnx, a or
onnnntx ncrounnxon nacnaxnnx noom orxasartcx. ocnnranno raxnm
oasom crano "asymntm", ono n nosnonxr ontm nnnnnny yonontcrnnx
nnart coo, a cnyr nnnnnny antnocrn (Realitatsprinzip), xorot,
n cymnocrn, rox xour nonyunrt yonontcrnn, xorx n orcounno n
ymntmnno, no saro naxno naroax yury antnocrn.
xo or nnnnnna yonontcrnnx x nnnnnny antnocrn xnnxrcx onnm ns
naxnmnx ycnxon n asnnrnn . Mt yx snam, uro cxcyantnt nnunnx
nosno n nnmt nxorx noxoxr +ror +ran asnnrnx , a nosx mt ycntmnm,
xaxn nocncrnnx nmr nx unonxa ro, uro ro cxcyantnocrt
onontcrnyrcx raxnm nnountm ornomnnm x nnmn antnocrn. n
saxnmunn - m ono ornocxmcx cma samuann. cnn unonxa nmr
ncronm asnnrnx, xax nnno, ro nt n ynnnrct, ycntman, uro tnamr n
"rccnn ", n saxornr ysnart, xaxym ont +ror nosnar na on
annn ]ast asnnrnx moxr nrart n nnornucxnx saonnannxx.
H KH
yrn oasonannx cnmnromon
Vnaxamt amt n rocnoa! nx ncnnnanncra cymnocrt onsnn cocrannxmr
cnmnromt, ntsoonnnn, xax on cunrar, - ycrannn cnmnromon. au x
nnsnar cymcrnnntm ornnun cnmnromon or onsnn n cunrar, uro
ycrannn cnmnromon m n xnnxrcx nsnunnm onsnn. o uro antnoro
ocrarcx or onsnn nocn ycrannnx cnmnromon - ro +ro nnmt cnoconocrt
oasontnart nont. anar no+romy ncranm noxa na rouxy snnx
ncnnnanncra n ym cunrart, uro nonnxnonnn n cyrt cnmnromon osnauar
nonnmann onsnn.
nmnromt - mt rononm sct, asymrcx, o ncnxnucxnx (nnn ncnxornntx)
cnmnromax n ncnxnucxom saonnannn - ncrannxmr coo nnt nx nc
xnsnn nnn, no xan m, cnonsnt axrt, na xorot nnno, craamm
nmn, uacro xanyrcx xax na ntnyxnnt n cnxsannt nx nro c
nnnxrnocrxmn nnn craannxmn. x rnannt n saxnmuarcx n ymnntx
sararax, xorotx croxr onn camn, a n antnmm n sararax, noxonmtx
nx nx noonnnx. n nnrncnnnom oasonannn cnmnromon oa nna +rnx
sarar moryr nnncrn x usntuanomy onnnm nnunocrn n ornomnnn
naxoxmcx n
acnoxxnnn ymnno +nrnn n rm camtm x cnomomnocrn nn mnnn
ncx naxntx xnsnnntx saau. ax xax +ror syntrar sanncnr rnanntm
oasom or xonnucrna saronanno raxnm oasom +nrnn, ro nt nrxo
nomr, uro "trt ontntm" - n cymnocrn, naxrnucxo nonxrn. o cnn nt
ncranr na rornucxym rouxy snnx n n yr oamart nnnmannx na
+rn xonnucrna, ro nrxo moxr cxasart, uro nc mt ontnt, r. .
nnornunt, rax xax ycnonnx nx oasonannx cnmnromon moxno onayxnrt n y
nomantntx nm.
nnornucxnx cnmnromax nam yx nsncrno, uro onn xnnxmrcx syntrarom
xon]nnxra, nosnnxammro ns-sa nonoro nna yonnrnonnx nnno.
asommncx tno cnnt cnona ncruamrcx n cnmnrom, xax yro nnmnxmrcx
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naroax xomnomnccy - oasonannm cnmnromon. o+romy cnmnrom rax
ycrounn - on noxnnarcx c nyx croon. Mt snam raxx, uro ono ns
nyx croon xon]nnxra xnnxrcx nyonnrnonno, ornrnyro antnocrtm
nnno, ntnyxnno rnt ncxart yrnx nyr nx cnoro yonnrnonnx.
cnn antnocrt ocrarcx nymonnmo, ax xora nnno rorono cornacnrtcx
na yro oxr nmcro sanrnoro, ro ono ntnyxno n xonn xonnon ncrart
na nyrt rccnn n crmnrtcx x yonnrnonnm n amxax ono ns yx
noonnntx orannsann nnn naroax onomy ns an ocrannnntx
oxron. a nyrt rccnn nnno ynnxar ]nxcannx, xoroax ocrannna ro
na +rnx yuacrxax ro asnnrnx.
yr nyrn, nymn x nsnamnnm n x nnosy, sxo acxoxrcx. cnn +rn
rccnn n ntstnamr nosaxnn co croont , ro no n n oxonr o
nnosa, a nnno onnarcx xaxoro-nnyt antnoro, xorx yx n
nnomantnoro yonnrnonnx. cnn x , nmmm n cnom acnoxxnnn n
rontxo cosnann, no n ocryn x morono nnnnannn n rm camtm x
annsannn ymnntx crmnnn, n cornacno c +rnmn rccnxmn, ro
cosarcx xon]nnxr. nno xax t orsano n onxno nontrartcx orcrynnrt
xya-ro, r nar orrox nx cno +nrnn no ronannm nnnnnna
yonontcrnnx. no onxno ntrn ns-no nnacrn . o raxo orcrynnnn my
nocrannxmr ]nxcannn na ro nyrn asnnrnx, noxonmom rnt
rccnnno, nornn xorotx samnmanoct n cno nmx ntrcnnnxmn.
3annmax n oarnom nnxnnn +rn ntrcnnnt nosnnnn, nnno ntxonr ns-no
nnacrn n ro saxonon, orxastnaxct nn +rom raxx or ncro nonyunnoro
no nnnxnnm nocnnrannx. no tno nocnymno, noxa naxnoct na
yonnrnonn; no nontm rnrom nnyrnn n nnmn ntnyxnnoro orxasa
ono cranonnrcx nnoxontm n ncnomnnar nxnn nyumn nmna. axon ro,
no cyrn nnsmnnt, xaaxr. crannnnx, xorot nnno rnt
sanonnxr cno +nrn, nnnanxar cncrm ccosnarntnoro n
nounnxmrcx nosmoxntm n nm nonccam, n uacrnocrn crymnnm n cmmnnm.
ax nosnnxamr ycnonnx, conmnno ananornunt ycnonnxm oasonannx
cnonnnn. oono romy xax cnoxnnmmycx n ccosnarntnom cocrnnnomy
(eigentliche) cnonnnnm, ncrannxmmmy coo ncnonnnn ccosnarntno
xnanno ]anrasnn, nnxonr na nomomt xaxax-ro uacrt (n) cosnarntno
xrntnocrn, ocymcrnnxmmax nnsyy n onycxammax nocn yonnrnonnx
ronann oasonann xnnoro cnonnnnx n nn xomnomncca, rax n
ncrannrnn nnno n ccosnarntnom onxnt cunrartcx c cnno
ncosnarntnoro . osaxnn, nonxnmcx nornn nnno n , nnnnmar
]omy "nornnocrnnx" (Gegenesetzung),* ntnyx-
- ---------------------------------------
* yxn.: "xonrsanonnnnx" |146|
ax ntart raxo ntaxnn, xoroo moxr crart ononmnno ro
cocrnnntm ntaxnnm. ax nosnnxar cnmnrom, xax mnoroxarno ncxaxnno
nonsnono ccosnarntnoro nnnosnoro ncnonnnnx xnannx, ncxycno
ntannax nycmtcnnnocrt c nymx conmnno nornnouamnmn yr yry
snaunnxmn. ontxo n +rom nocnnm nynxr moxno ynnrt asnnun mxy
oasonannm cnonnnnx n oasonannm cnmnroma, noromy uro
ncosnarntnax nnt nn oasonannn cnonnnnx saxnmuarcx nnmt n rom,
urot coxannrt con, n nonycrnrt n cosnann nnuro, uro morno t ro
naymnrt, n n nacrannar na rom, urot sxo ornrnrt ccosnarntnomy
xnannm: nr, nanornn! na moxr trt on ronanrno, rax xax
nonoxnn cnxmro nnymar mntm onacnn. txo n antnocrt saxtr yx
camnm cocroxnnm cna.
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t nnnr, uro orcrynnnn nnno n ycnonnxx xon]nnxra crano nosmoxntm
naroax nannunm ]nxcann. rccnnno sanonnnn +rnx ]nxcann nnno
nr x oxoy ntrcnnnx n ntnoy - nnn yonnrnonnm - nnno, nn
xoroom coxanxmrcx xomnomnccnt ycnonnx. xontm nyrm us
ccosnarntno n nxnn ]nxcannn nnno naxonn yarcx onrtcx
antnoro yonnrnonnx, xorx n usntuano orannunnoro n na
samrnoro. osnontr mn oannrt no nonoy +roro oxonuarntnoro ncxoa
na samuannx. o-nntx, oarnr nnnmann, xax rcno sct oxastnamrcx
cnxsant nnno n ccosnarntno, c ono croont, n , cosnann n
antnocrt, - c yro, xorx c camoro nauana onn nonc n cocrannxmr ono
nno, n nnmnr x cnnnm an mo coomnn, uro nc cxasanno sct n
accmarnnamo n antnmm ornocnrcx rontxo x oasonannm cnmnromon nn
ncrnucxom nnos.
I x nnno naxonr r ]nxcannn, n xorotx ono nyxarcx nx notna
ntrcnnnoro? noxnn-
nnxx n nxnnannxx nn]anrnntno cxcyantnocrn, n ocrannnntx uacrntx
crmnnnxx n n oxrax nnoa rcrna, or xorotx ono orxasanoct. K
nnm-ro nnno n nosnamarcx onxrt. 3naunn +roro nnoa rcrna
noxxo: c ono croont, n nm cnauana noxnnxmrcx nanannnnocrn
nnunn, xorot nox nmr n cnonx noxnntx nacnonoxnnxx, a
no-nrotx, axrnnnsnymrcx yrn ro nnunnx, asyxnnt nnmnnmn
noscrnnxmn, cnyuantmn nxnnannxmn.
nonaram, uro mt, ncomnnno, nmm nano na raxo asnnn. oxnnnn
noxnno nacnonoxnnocrn n nonxnr nnxaxomy xnrnucxomy comnnnm,
no anannrnucxn ontr ntnyxar nac onycrnrt, uro uncro cnyuant
nxnnannx rcrna n cocroxnnn ocrannrt ]nxcannn nnno. x n nnxy n
+rom nnxaxnx rornucxnx sarynnn. Koncrnrynnonantnt
nacnonoxnnx, ncomnnno, xnnxmrcx nocncrnnxmn nxnnann anxnx
nxon, onn rox tnn xora-ro nnornt; s raxoro nnornnx n
tno t nacncrnnnocrn. asn mtcnnmo, uro raxo nym x
nacnonannm nnornn nxarnrcx nmnno y accmarnnamoro namn
noxonnnx? o+romy n cnyr, xax +ro uacro cnyuarcx, nonnocrtm
nrnononart snaunmocrt nn]anrnntntx nxnnann no cannnnm co
snaunmocrtm nxnnann nxon n cocrnnno snocrn, a, nanornn, art
nm ocoym onnxy. nn nmmr rm on rxxnt nocncrnnx, uro nonaamr na
nmx nsanmnnoro asnnrnx n naroax nmnno +romy ocroxrntcrny
cnocont crnonart ranmarnucxn. aort no mxannx asnnrnx y (1) n
yrnx noxasann, uro yxon n saotmnym rxant, naxoxmymcx n crann nnnx
- ---------------------------------------
(1) y nntrntm (150-1924) - onn ns ocnonarn +xcnnmnrantno
+mnonornn.
xnrox, nmr cncrnnm rxxno naymnn asnnrnx. axo x annn,
nnunnnno nnunnx nnn asnnnmmycx xnnornomy, nncnoct t s na.
unxcannx nnno nsocnoro, nnnnax namn n +rnonornucxo yannnn
nnoson n xaucrn ncrannrnx xoncrnrynnonantnoro ]axroa,
acnaarcx, raxnm oasom, nx nac na na xomnonnra: na ynacnonanno
nacnonoxnn n na nacnonoxnn, nnornno n annm rcrn. Mt
snam, uro cxma nannxxa ntsonr cnmnarnm oyuammrocx, no+romy
ncrannm +rn ornomnnx n cxm: nunna nnosa acnonoxnn
naroax ]nxcannn nnno (xcyantnax xoncrnrynnx (oncronucxo
nxnnann) nnn n]anrnntno nxnnann nyuano nxnnann
(ranmarnucxo) acncrnnnax cxcyantnax xoncrnrynnx nocrannxr nam
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ontmo asnooasn nacnonoxnn n sanncnmocrn or roro, xaxo
sanoxnno cnno onaar ro nnn nno uacrno nnunn camo no c nnn n
courannn c yrnmn. ]axroom rcxoro nxnnannx cxcyantnax
xoncrnrynnx oasyr onxrt-raxn "ononnnrntnt x", noono yx
nsncrnomy xy mxy nacnonoxnnm n cnyuantm nxnnannm
nsocnoro. 3ct, xax n ram, ncruamrcx raxn x xann cnyuan, n nx
ncrannxmr r x ornomnnx. yr crcrnnno nocrannrt nonoc, n
oycnonnna nn camax samuarntnax ns rccn nnno, rccnx na on
annn crynnn cxcyantno orannsannn, nnmymcrnnno
nacncrnnno-xoncrnrynnonantntm ]axroom; no ornr na +ror nonoc nyum
ncro ornoxnrt, noxa n accmorno ontm uncno ]om nnornucxnx
saonnann.
cranonnmcx na rom ]axr, uro anannrnucxo nccnonann noxastnar cnxst
nnno nnornxon c nx nn]anrnntntmn cxcyantntmn nxnnannxmn. no
nnar nm, raxnm oasom, nnnmocrt oromno snaunmocrn nx xnsnn n
saonnannx unonxa. 3ra snaunmocrt coxanxrcx sa nnmn n nonnom om,
xora ut nr o rannrnucxo aor. o cnn ocrannrt n croon +ry
saauy, ro nrxo nnsnart, uro sct xorcx onacnocrt noasymnnx,
xoroo morno t nncrn nac n sanyxnn onnrnonartcx n xnsnn nnmt na
nnornucxym cnryannm. naxo snaunmocrt nn]anrnntntx nxnnann
ymntmarcx rm, uro nnno nosnamarcx x nnm rccnnno, nocn roro xax
tno nsrnano co cnonx on nosnnx nosnnn. o rora nanamnnarcx
nornnononoxnt ntno, uro nnnosnt nxnnannx n nmnn n cno nmx
conmnno nnxaxoro snaunnx, a nnonn ro rontxo nyrm rccnn.
cnomnnr, uro mt ntcxasann cno mnnn no ornomnnm x raxo antrnarnn
nn ocyxnnn 3nnona xomnnxca.
na +ror as nam nryno yr nnnxrt mnn. 3amuann, uro
sanonnnnocrt nnno - n, cnonarntno, narornno snaunn -
nn]anrnntntx nxnnann n ontmo m ycnnnnarcx rccn nnno,
ncomnnno nannntno, no ono nnnno t x sanyxnnm, cnn ro cunrart
nncrnnno onnxmmnm. oxonmo cunrartcx n c yrnmn cooaxnnxmn.
o-nntx, nanmnn, nn ncxxoro comnnnx, noxastnar, uro nn]anrnntnt
nxnnannx nmmr cno cocrnnno snaunn n oxastnamr ro yx n rcxn
rot. t ncruamrcx n rcxn nnost, nn xorotx ]axro nmnnoro
cnnra nasa ount cnnxarcx nnn concm ornaar, xora saonnann
nosnnxar xax nnoccrnnno cncrnn ranmarnucxnx nxnnann.
syunn +rnx rcxnx nnoson nynxar nxoroo onacno
nononnmann
nnoson nsocntx, noono romy xax cnonnnnx r ann nam xnmu x
nonnmannm cnonnnn nsocntx. nost y r ncruamrcx ount uacro,
roaso uam, um ymamr. x nxo n samuamr, onnnnamr xax nnsnax
ncnounnocrn nnn nnocnnrannocrn, uacro noannxmr anronrrom
nocnnrarn "rcxo", no nx nrxo acnosnart nosx rocnxrnnno.
ontmnncrn cnyuan onn noxnnxmrcx n ]om ncrnn craxa. ro +ro
snaunr, mt ysnam m n yro cnxsn. cnn n on nosnn rot y unonxa
asnnnarcx nnos, ro nn nomomn anannsa on acxtnarcx xax nxmo
noonxnn roro, nosmoxno, nxcnoro, nnmt namuanmrocx rcxoro
saonnannx. o, xax cxasano, tnamr cnyuan, xora +ra rcxax nnosnocrt
s ncxxoro ntna nxonr n onsnt, nxmymcx ncm xnsnt. cxontxo
nnmon rcxnx nnoson mt nmnn nosmoxnocrt anannsnonart na camom
nx - n axryantnom cocroxnnn; no roaso uam nam nnxonnoct
onontcrnonartcx rm, uro saonnmn n snom nosacr anan nosmoxnocrt
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ononnnrntno nosnaxomnrtcx c ro rcxnm nnosom, nn +rom mt n mornn
n yunrtnart onnnntx nonanox n nocrooxnocr.
o-nrotx, nyxno cxasart, uro tno t nnonxrno, noumy nnno nocroxnno
nosnamarcx x nmnam rcrna, cnn ram nnuro nr, uro morno t ro
nnnnxart. unxcannx, xoroym mt nnonaram n orntntx rouxax asnnrnx,
nmr coxann rontxo n rom cnyua, cnn mt onycrnm, uro n n nnoxno
onnnno xonnucrno nnnosno +nrnn. axonn, x mory nam nanomnnrt,
uro sct mxy nnrncnnnocrtm n narornntm snaunnm nn]anrnntntx n on
nosnnx nxnnann nmrcx cxono ornomnn ononnnnx, xax n yx an
nsyunntx namn xax. crt cnyuan, n xorotx nnunna saonnannx
xorcx rnanntm oasom n cxcyantntx nxnnannxx rcrna, xora +rn
nnuarnnnx oxastnamr ncomnnno ranmarnucxo crnn n n nyxamrcx nn
n xaxo yro noxx, xom ro, xoroym nm nocrannxr otunax
nsanmnnax xoncrnrynnx. axy c nnmn tnamr yrn cnyuan, n xorotx
nct axnnr naar na on nosnn xon]nnxrt, a ntcrynnnn n ananns na
nnt nnan rcxnx nnuarnnn xaxrcx ncxnmunrntno syntrarom
rccnn; cnonarntno, ncruamrcx xann cnyuan "saxxn asnnrnx" n
"rccnn", a mxy nnmn - nmax crnnt nsanmocrnnx oonx ]axroon.
3rn ornomnnx ncrannxmr onnnnt nnrc nx narornxn, xoroax
crannr cno saau nynxnn nnoson naroax cnonmnnomy
nmmarntcrny n cxcyantno asnnrn nxa. oxa nnnmann nanannno
nnmymcrnnno na rcxn cxcyantnt nxnnannx, cunrarcx, uro nx
no]nnaxrnxn nnntx saonnann nc cnano, cnn nosaornrtcx o rom,
urot saxart +ro asnnrn n nsannrt nxa or raxoro oa
nxnnann. o mt yx snam, uro ycnonnx, xnnxmmncx nnunno nnoson,
cnoxnt n na nnx nntsx oxasart nccroonnro nnnxnnx, yunrtnax
onn-nncrnnnt ]axro. rorax oxana rcrna rxr cnom nnnocrt,
noromy uro ona ccnntna nornn xoncrnrynnonantnoro ]axroa; xom roro,
ryn ocymcrnnrt, um ncrannxmr c nocnnrarnn, n ona nnur sa
coo n onacnocrn, xorot nntsx noonnnnart: ona ocrnrar cnnmxom
mnororo, a nmnno cosar naronnxrnt ycnonnx nx nnocncrnnn nnoro
usmnoro cxcyantnoro ntrcnnnx, n nox nonaar n xnsnt
ncnocontm x conornnnnnm oxnammmy ro mrymy cxcyantntx ronann n
nno nonono snocrn. ax uro ocrarcx nctma n nctma comnnrntntm, na-
cxontxo nonsno moxr trt no]nnaxrnxa rcrna, n n omar nn yrax
ycranonxa no ornomnnm x crnnrntnocrn nyumnx ncnxrnn nx
nynxnnx nnoson.
rnt nnmcx x cnmnromam. rax, onn cosamr sammnn ncocroxnmmycx
yonnrnonnm naroax rccnn nnno x on annnm nnoam, c um
nastnno cnxsan nosnar na on annn crynnn asnnrnx ntoa oxron
nnn orannsannn. Mt yx antm cntmann, uro nnornx sacrnar r-ro n
cnom nomnom; rnt mt snam, uro +ro nno nomnoro, xora ro nnno
n tno nnmno yonnrnonnx, xora on tn cuacrnnn. n rax onro
nccnyr ncronm cno xnsnn, noxa n naxonr raxo nmx - nycrt ax
nno cnoro mnanucrna, - xaxnm on ncnomnnar nnn ncrannxr ro
c no on nosnnm noyxnnxm. nmnrom xaxnm-ro oasom nonroxr ror
nn annro rcxoro yonnrnonnx, ncxaxnnoro ntsnanno xon]nnxrom
nnsyo, oamnnoro, xax nannno, x omymnnm craannx n cmmannoro c
+nmnramn, nocnyxnnmnmn nonoom nx saonnannx. or nn yonnrnonnx,
xorot nnnocnr cnmnrom, nmr n c mnoro crannoro. Mt n oamam
nnnmannx na ro, uro ono ocrarcx nnsncrntm nx nnna, xoroo omymar +ro
mnnmo yonnrnonn cxo xax craann n xanyrcx na nro. 3ro
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nnamnn ornocnrcx x ncnxnucxomy xon]nnxry, no annnnm xorooro n
onxn oasonartcx cnmnrom. o, uro tno xora-ro nx nnnnna
yonnrnonnm, cronx onxno ntstnart ro conornnnnn nnn ornamnn.
am nsncrn nsnaunrntnt, no noyunrntnt nnm raxoro nsmnnnx
omymnn. or x nox, xorot c xanocrtm cocan monoxo ns marnncxo
ryn, ncxontxo nr cnycrx otuno ntaxar cnntno ornamnn x monoxy,
noonrt xoroo nocnnrarnxm
ocrarouno ryno. rnamnn ycnnnnarcx, cnn monoxo nnn cmmannt c nnm
nannrox noxtr nnxo. nnmo, nntsx ornnart ro, uro nnxa ntstnar
nocnomnnann o cront xnanno nxora marnncxo ryn. Mxy nnmn nxnr
nxnnann ornyunnx, nocrnonanm ranmarnucxn.
crt m xo-uro yro, uro xaxrcx nam cranntm n nnonxrntm n cnmnromax
xax ccrnax nnnosnoro yonnrnonnx. nn n nanomnnamr nam nnuro
raxoro, or uro mt n nomantntx ycnonnxx otuno xm yonnrnonnx. nn n
ontmnncrn cnyuan nrnonymr oxr n orxastnamrcx rm camtm or cnxsn c
nnmn antnocrtm. Mt nonnmam +ro xax cncrnn orxoa or nnnnnna
antnocrn n nosnar x nnnnnny yonontcrnnx. o +ro raxx nosnar x
nxoroomy nny acmnnnoro ayro+ornsma, xorot nocrannxn
cxcyantnomy nnunnm nno yonnrnonn. no crannr na mcro nsmnnnx
nnmnro mna nsmnnn rna, r. . nnyrnnmm axnnm nmcro nnmn,
nncnoconnn nmcro crnnx, uro onxrt coornrcrnyr usntuano naxno
n ]nnornrnucxom ornomnnn rccnn. Mt nomm +ro rontxo n cnxsn c
nontm xnnnnm, xoroo nam m ncronr ysnart ns anannrnucxnx
nccnonann oasonannx cnmnromon. an mt nnnomnnm, uro nn
oasonannn cnmnromon crnonann r x noncct ccosnarntnoro, uro n
nn oasonannn cnonnnn, - crymnn n cmmnn. nmnrom, xax n
cnonnnn, nsoaxar uro-ro ncnonnnntm, ar yonnrnonn no rnny
nn]anrnntnoro, no ns-sa nntnoro crymnnx +ro yonnrnonn moxr trt
cnno x onomy-nncrnnnomy omymnnm nnn nnnnannn, orannunrtcx n
syntrar xanro cmmnnx ono manntxo rantm ncro nnnosnoro
xomnnxca. ynnnrntno, uro ax mt nxo ncntrtnam rynocrn nn
acnosnannn
nnonaramoro n cnmnrom n ncra nornxammrocx nnnosnoro
yonnrnonnx.
nynxan nac, uro nam ncronr ysnart m xo-uro nono; +ro
crnnrntno nuro noasnrntno n cmymamm. t snar, uro noccrnom
anannsa, orranxnnaxct or cnmnromon, mt nosnaxomnnnct c nn]anrnntntmn
nxnnannxmn, na xorotx ]nxcnonano nnno n ns xorotx cosamrcx
cnmnromt. nor noasnrntno ro, uro +rn nn]anrnntnt cnnt n ncra
nnt. a-a, n ontmnncrn cnyuan onn n nnt, a n orntntx cnyuaxx
naxoxrcx n nxmo nornnononoxnocrn x ncronucxo nan. t nnnr, uro
+ro orxtrn, xax nnxaxo yro, cnocono ncxnrnonart nnn ananns,
nnnmn x raxomy syntrary, nnn ontntx, na ntcxastnannxx xorotx
nocron ananns, xax n nc nonnmann nnoson. xom roro, crt m
nuro nctma cmymamm. cnn t ncxtrt anannsom nn]anrnntnt nxnnannx
tnn ncra antntmn, y nac tno t uyncrno, uro mt cronm na rno
noun, cnn t onn ncra oxastnannct nontntmn, asonauannct t xax
ntmtcnt, ]anrasnn ontntx, ro nam nyxno tno t noxnnyrt +ry xonnmmymcx
nouny n ncxart cnacnnx na yro. o nn ro, nn yro n coornrcrnyr
ncrnn, a nonoxnn n raxono, uro cxoncrynonannt nnn noccranonnnnt
n nocnomnnannxx nn ananns rcxn nxnnannx onn as ccnono nxnnt,
yro as cront x ncomnnno nannntnt, a n ontmnncrn cnyuan
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ncrannxmr coo cmct ncrnnt n nxn. ax uro cnmnromt nsoaxamr ro
crnnrntno noncxonnmn nxnnannx, xorotm moxno nnnncart nnnxnn
na ]nxcannm nnno, ro ]anrasnn ontnoro, xorotm, crcrnnno, +ra
+rnonornucxax ont conmnno n nncyma. +rom ryno asoartcx.
nym rouxy onot mt, moxr trt, nam n cxonom orxtrnn,
uro nmnno orntnt rcxn nocnomnnannx, xorot nmn cosnarntno
xannnn n c nsanna o ncxxoro anannsa, rox moryr trt noxntmn nnn
moryr, no xan m, courart ocrarouno ncrnnt n nxn. oxasarntcrno
nnannntnocrn n +rom cnyua xo ncruar rynocrn, n mt nmm no
mntm m nnmt ono yrmnn, uro n +rom asouaonannn nnnonar n
ananns, a xaxnm-ro oasom ontnt.
o nxorotm asmtmnnnxm mt nrxo nomm, uro nac rax cmymar n +rom
nonoxnnn nm. 3ro noonnxa antnocrn, nnxnn asnnunm mxy
n n ]anrasn. Mt roront yx ocxonrtcx rm, uro ontno sannman nac
ntmtmnnntmn ncronxmn. crnnrntnocrt xaxrcx nam um-ro cxonuno
ornnuntm or ntmtcna n sacnyxnnammnm conmnno nno onnxn. noum, raxo
x rouxn snnx n cnom nomantnom mtmnnnn nnxnnarcx n ontno.
Kora on nnnonr marnan, xorot nr or cnmnromon x cnryannxm
xnannx, nocronntm no oasny rcxnx nxnnann, mt cnauana, nana,
comnnamcx, nr nn ut o crnnrntnocrn nnn o ]anrasnn. osn na
ocnonannn onnnntx nnsnaxon mt moxm nnnxrt mnn no +romy nonoy,
n n namn ncrar saaua osnaxomnrt c nnm n ontnoro. n +rom no
nnxora n oxonrcx s sarynnn. cnn mt c camoro nauana orxtnam
my, uro rnt on conarcx noxasart ]anrasnn, xorotmn oxyran cnom
ncronm rcrna, xax ncxxn nao cxasannxmn cno satrt oncronucxn
nno, ro mt samuam, uro y nro nxnarntntm oasom nyr nonnxarcx
nnrc x noonxnnm rmt. n rox xour snart crnnrntnocrt n
nsnar ncxxn "]anrasnn". cnn x mt o oxonuannx +ro uacrn aort
nocrannm my nnrt, uro sanxrt nsyunnm antntx cotrn ro rcxnx
nr, ro ncxym, uro nosn
on ynxnr nac n omnx n ntcmr sa nam xaxymcx nrxonn. n onro
n moxr nonxrt nam nnoxnn nocrannrt naann ]anrasnm n
crnnrntnocrt n n saornrtcx cnauana o rom, ncrannxmr nn coo
rcxn nxnnannx, xorot nyxno ntxcnnrt, ro nnn yro. nc-raxn
+ro, ounnno, nncrnnno nannntnax rouxa snnx na +rn ymnnt
noyxrt. onn nmmr xaaxr antnocrn; ocrarcx ]axr, uro ontno
cosan c raxn ]anrasnn, n +ror ]axr nmr nx ro nnosa nx nn
mntm snaunn, um cnn t on crnnrntno nxnn coxann +rnx
]anrasn. 3rn ]anrasnn onaamr ncnxnucxo antnocrtm n
nornnononoxnocrt marnantno, n mt nocrnnno nayuamcx nonnmart, uro n
mn nnoson mamm xnnxrcx ncnxnucxax antnocrt.
n ocroxrntcrn, ncra nonroxmmnxcx n mnomcxo ncronn nnornxon
n, no-nnnmomy, nourn ncra nmmmnx mcro, nxorot nnoramr ocoym
naxnocrt, n no+romy x cunram, uro nx cnyr ocoo ntnnrt ns yrnx.
xaucrn nnmon raxoro oa x nnny cnymmn ]axrt: nanmnn
nononoro cnomnnx onrn, conamnn nsocntm nnnom n yrosy
xacrann. tno t ontmo omnxo nonarart, uro onn nnxora n nmmr
marnantno antnocrn; naooor, uacro moxno c ncomnnnocrtm
oxasart nn accnocax cramnx ocrnnnnxon. ax, nannm, nonc n
xocrt, uro manntxomy mantunxy, xorot naunnar nnnnnuno nrart co
cnonm unnom n m n snar, uro raxo sanxrn nyxno cxtnart, onrnn
nnn yxaxnnammn sa rtmn rosxr orsart unn nnn rmnym yxy. n
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accnocax onrnn uacro cosnamrcx n +rom, rax xax nonaramr, uro raxnm
sanyrnnannm nann uro-ro nncooasno; y nxorotx ocrarcx rouno,
cosnarntno nocnomnnann o +ro yros, oconno n rom cnyua, cnn ona
tna cnana n on nosnn rot. cnn yrosy nt-
cxastnar mart nnn yro nnno xncxoro nona, ro ncnonnnn onn
nxnatnamr na orna nnn naua. snamnnrom rnx-acrnx
]anx]yrcxoro nnara Io]mana, oxsannoro cno nonynxnocrtm nmnno
nonnmannm cxcyantntx n yrnx xomnnxcon rcxoro nosacra, nt nar
xacrannm cmxrunno, samnnno orsannm ontmoro nantna n naxasann sa
ynxmo cocann. o n ntcm crnnn nnoxrno, urot rxm rax uacro
rosnnn xacrann, xax +ro onayxnnarcx n anannsax nnornxon. am
ocrarouno nonnmannx roro, uro raxym yrosy nox connxr n ]anrasnn
na ocnonannn namxon, c nomomtm snannx, uro ayro+ornucxo yonnrnonn
sanmno, n no nnuarnnnm cnoro orxtrnx xncxnx rnnrann. ouno rax
x nnxonm oasom n ncxnmuno, uro manntxn nox, noxa y nro n
onycxamr nonnmannx n namxrn, n n rontxo n nonracxnx cmtxx,
cranonnrcx cnnrnm nononoro axra onrn nnn yrnx nsocntx, n
nntsx orxasartcx or mtcnn, uro nnocncrnnn nox moxr nonxrt +ro
nnuarnnn n arnonart na nro. cnn x +ro cnomnn onnctnarcx c
camtmn noontmn ranxmn, ncrannxmmnmn rynocrn nx nanmnnx, nnn
cnn ono oxastnarcx cnomnnm csan, more Ierarum,* xax +ro uacro tnar,
ro n ocrarcx nnxaxoro comnnnx n nnuacrnocrn +ro ]anrasnx x nanmnnm
sa cnomnnm xnnorntx (coax) n n mornnnonx nyonnrnonno
cracrtm x nornxtnannm nxa n rot nonono snocrn. tcmnm
ocrnxnnm raxoro oa xnnxrcx ]anrasnx o nanmnnn nononoro axra
onrn no nmx ntnannx n marnncxo yro m o oxnnx. cot
nnrc ncrannxr coo ]anrasnx o conamnnn, noromy uro cnnmxom uacro
+ro n ]anrasnx, a antno nocnomnnann. o x cuac-
- ---------------------------------------
* oono xnnorntm (nar.) - nm. . nnoa.
rtm, ono nc x n rax uacro antno, xax +ro morno t cnauana noxasartcx
no syntraram anannsa. onamnn cramnmn rtmn nnn rtmn roro x
nosacra cnyuarcx nc m uam, um nsocntmn, n cnn y nymx,
accxastnammnx o raxom cotrnn n ncronn cnoro rcrna, conasnnrnm
onontno uacro ntcrynar orn, ro nn ]anracrnucxax nnoa +roro
onnnnnx, nn ntstnammn ro mornn n nonxar nnxaxomy comnnnm.
uanrasn conamnnx, xora nnxaxoro conamnnx n tno, nox, xax
nannno, nnxtnar ayro+ornucxn nno cno cxcyantno xrntnocrn.
n nsannxr cx or crta sa macryannm, nnocx n ]anrasnn xnannt
oxr na +rn camt annn nmna. ymar, nnoum, uro ncnontsonann
nxa xax cxcyantnoro oxra ro nnxamnmn ocrnnnnxamn myxcxoro
nona ornocnrcx nnmnno x onacrn ]anrasnn. Mnorn anannrnxn nunnn
cnyuan, n xorotx raxn ornomnnx tnn antnt n mornn trt c
ncomnnnocrtm ycranonnnt; rontxo n rora onn ornocnnnct x on nosnnm
rcxnm roam, a tnn nncnt n on annn.
osnnxar nnuarnnn, uro raxn cotrnx n rcrn xaxnm-ro oasom
rymrcx, c xnsno noxonmocrtm nxoxr n cocran nnosa. mmrcx onn
n antnocrn - xoomo; cnn antnocrt orxastnar n nnx, ro onn
cocrannxmrcx ns namxon n ononnxmrcx ]anrasn. syntrar onn n ror x,
n o nacroxmro nmnn nam n yanoct oxasart asnnunx n nocncrnnxx n
sanncnmocrn or roro, nnnnmar n +rnx rcxnx cotrnxx ontm yuacrn
]anrasnx nnn antnocrt. 3ct onxrt-raxn nmrcx ono ns rax uacro
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ynomnnanmnxcx ononnnrntntx ornomnn; +ro, nana, ono ns camtx
cranntx, nsncrntx nam. rxya rcx nornocrt n +rnx ]anrasnxx n
marnan nx nnx? nosmoxno comnnartcx n ncrounnxax nnunn,
no noxonmo oxcnnrt ]axr, uro xaxt as cosamrcx r x ]anrasnn c
rm x coxannm. V mnx roron ornr, no x snam, uro on noxaxrcx nam
ncxonanntm. nonaram, uro +rn na]anrasnn - rax mn xornoct t nasnart
nx n, xonuno, m nxorot yrn - xnnxmrcx ]nnornrnucxnm
ocroxnnm. nnnn ntxonr n nnx sa nnt cocrnnnoro nxnnannx n
nxnnann oncronucxoro nmnn, r ro cocrnnno nxnnann
cranonnrcx cnnmxom ynmnrantm. Mn xaxrcx nnonn nosmoxntm, uro nc,
uro cronx accxastnarcx nn ananns xax ]anrasnx, - conamnn r,
ncntmxa cxcyantnoro nosyxnnx nn nanmnnn nononoro cnomnnx
onrn, yrosa xacrann - nnn, nn, xacrannx - tno antnocrtm n
nnotrno unonucxo cmt, n ]anrasnymmn nox nocro nocnonnnn
oncronucxo nano nont n nnnnnyantno nan. V nac nonoxarno
nosnnxano noosnn, uro ncnxonornx nnoson coxannna nx nac ns
nnro nnoa unonucxoro asnnrnx ontm, um nc yrn ncrounnxn.
Vnaxamt rocnoa! tmynomxnyrt ocroxrntcrna ntnyxamr nac nonnx
accmorrt nosnnxnonnn n snaunn ro ymnno xrntnocrn, xoroax
nastnarcx ]anrasn. Kax nam nsncrno, ona nontsyrcx ncom ntcoxo
onnxo, xorx mcro n ymnno xnsnn ocrarcx nntxcnnntm. mory nam
cxasart o +rom cnymm. Kax nt snar, no noscrnnm nnmn
noxonmocrn unonxa nocrnnno nnyuarcx onnnnart antnocrt n
cnonart nnnnnny antnocrn, orxastnaxct nn +rom nmnno nnn naonro
or asnnuntx oxron n nn cnoro crmnnnx x yonontcrnnm - n rontxo
cxcyantnomy. o orxas or yonontcrnnx ncra anancx unonxy c ryom;
on conmar ro n s cnoro oa nosm-
mnnx. n coxannn c sa +ro ymnnym xrntnocrt, n xoroo
onycxarcx antnm cymcrnonann ncx +rnx ocrannnntx ncrounnxon
nacnaxnnx n noxnnyrtx nyr ro nonyunnx, ]oma cymcrnonannx, n
xoroo onn ocnooxamrcx or nnrxsannx na antnocrt n or roro, uro mt
nastnam "ncntrannm antnocrtm". mo crmnnn casy ocrnrar ]omt
ncrannnnx o ro ncnonnnnn; ncomnnno, uro nanannnn ]anrasnn na
ncnonnnn xnann ar yonnrnonn, xorx nn +rom cymcrnyr snann
roro, uro ut nr n o antnocrn. axnm oasom, n xrntnocrn
]anrasnn unonx nacnaxarcx cnooo or nnmnro nnnyxnnx, or xoroo
on anno orxasancx n crnnrntnocrn. my yarcx trt m nonmnno ro
nacnaxammnmcx xnnorntm, ro onxrt asymntm cymcrnom. n n onontcrnyrcx
xanxnm yonnrnonnm, xoroo moxr ornonart y crnnrntnocrn.
"ornct s ncnomorarntntx xoncryxnn noom nntsx", - cxasan onaxt
. uonran. osann ymnno onacrn ]anrasnn naxonr nonnym ananornm n
orannsannn "sanonnnxon", "nannonantntx naxon" ram, r ronannx
smnnnx, rancnora n nomtmnnnocrn yroxamr tcro nsmnnrt o
nysnanamocrn nnonauantnt nn smnn. annonantnt nax coxanxr cno
nxn cocroxnn, xoroo noncmy n yrnx mcrax nnncno n xrny
noxonmocrn. am moxr acrn n asacrartcx nc, uro xour, ax
cnonsno, ax nno. axnm nnmnntm nnnnnna antnocrn sanonnnxom
n xnnxrcx ymnnax onacrt ]anrasnn.
amt nsncrnt noyxrt ]anrasnn - yx snaxomt nam "cnt naxny",
nooaxamo yonnrnonn ucronmnntx, ntaxammnx mannm nnnunx,
+ornucxnx xnann, acnnrammnx rm ntmn, um ontm crnnrntnocrt
nnstnar x cxomnocrn nnn
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rnnnm. nnx c ounnnocrtm onayxnnarcx cymnocrt cuacrtx n ]anrasnn,
noccranonnnn nsanncnmocrn nonyunnx nacnaxnnx or oonnx
antnocrn. am nsncrno, uro raxn cnt naxny xnnxmrcx xom n nooasamn
nountx cnonnnn. ouno cnonnnn, n cymnocrn, n uro nno, xax con
naxny, ncnontsonannt nouno cnooo nnunn n ncxaxnnt nouno ]omo
ymnno xrntnocrn. Mt yx ocnonnnct c mtcntm, uro n cnt naxny n
oxsarntno cosnarntnt, uro onn tnamr n ccosnarntntmn. axn
ccosnarntnt cnt naxny xnnxmrcx xax ncrounnxom nountx cnonnnn, rax n
ncrounnxom nnornucxnx cnmnromon.
3naunn ]anrasnn nx oasonannx cnmnromon cranr nam xcno ns cnymmro.
Mt cxasann, uro n cnyua ntnyxnnoro orxasa nnno rccnnno sannmar
ocrannnnt nm nosnnnn, na xorotx ono sacrxno n nxoroom xonnucrn. Mt
n orxastnamcx or +roro yrnxnnx n n ncnannxm ro, no onxnt
ncrannrt nomxyrouno snno. Kax nnno naxonr nyrt x +rnm mcram
]nxcannn? c ocrannnnt oxrt n nanannnnocrn nnno ocrannnt n no
ncx cmtcnax. nn nnn nx nonsnont c onnnno nnrncnnnocrtm m
coxanxmrcx n ncrannnnxx ]anrasnn. nno nyxno rontxo yrn n
]anrasnn, urot narn n nnx orxtrt nyrt xo ncm ntrcnnntm ]nxcannxm.
3rn ]anrasnn onycxannct n nsncrno crnnn, mxy nnmn n , xax nn sxn
nornnounx, n tno xon]nnxra, noxa conmanoct ono onnnno
ycnonn.
Vcnonn +ro, xonnucrnnno no nno, naymarcx oarntm nnroxom
nnno x ]anrasnxm. cncrnn +roro nnannnnx saxxnnocrt ]anrasn
+nrn rax nontmarcx, uro onn cranonxrcx ount ronarntntmn,
asnnnax crmnnn x annsannn. o
+ro nar nnsxntm xon]nnxr mxy nnmn n . sanncnmo or roro, tnn nn
onn antm ncosnarntntmn nnn cosnarntntmn, rnt onn nonxar
ntrcnnnm co croont n nocrannxmrcx nnrxxnnm co croont
ccosnarntnoro. r ccosnarntntx rnt ]anrasn nnno nmmamrcx x
nx ncroxam n ccosnarntnom, x mcram nx cocrnnno ]nxcannn.
osnar nnno x ]anrasnxm xnnxrcx nxono crynntm na nyrn
oasonannx cnmnromon, sacnyxnnamm ocooro oosnaunnx. K. I. nr an
ount noxoxm nasnann nnroncnn, no nnncooasno nnan my m
yro snaunn(1). Mt ocranmcx na rom, uro nnroncnx oosnauar orxo
nnno or nosmoxnocr antnoro yonnrnonnx n ononnnrntno
sanonnnn nm sonntx o roro ]anrasn. nronrnonannt unonx m
n nnornx, no on naxonrcx n nycrounnom nonoxnnn; nn nnxamm
nsmnnnn coornomnnx cnn y nro onxnt asnnrtcx cnmnromt, cnn on n
nar yrnx ntxoon nx naxonnnmrocx y nro nnno. antnt xaaxr
nnornucxoro yonnrnonnx n nnxnn asnnunm mxy ]anrasn n
crnnrntnocrtm yx nonnnt ntnannm na crynnn nnroncnn.
t, nanno, samrnnn, uro n cnonx nocnnnx accyxnnxx x nnn n
cryxryy +rnonornucxo nnn nont ]axro, a nmnno xonnucrno, nnnunny
accmarnnamtx +nrn; c +rnm ]axroom nam m ncm-
- ---------------------------------------
(1) nrom tno nnno ncrannnn o nyx ocnonntx ncnxonornucxnx
rnnax: nnronrnnnom n +xcranrnnnom. nn asnnuannct no nanannnnocrn
cnoro nnno (xoroo nr "cxcyannsnonan", nonnmax no rmnnom
"nnno" n nononym +nrnm, a ncnxnucxo nnunn).
nronra ornnuar nanannnnocrt na cocrnnnt nnyrnnn, mn, rora
xax +xcranra - na nnmnn.
y nnrcx cunrartcx. ncro xaucrnnntm anannsom +rnonornucxnx ycnonn
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mt n oomcx. nn, yrnmn cnonamn, rontxo nnamnucxoro nonnmannx +rnx
ymnntx nonccon nocrarouno, nyxna m +xonomnucxax rouxa snnx. Mt
onxnt c cxasart, uro xon]nnxr mxy nymx crmnnnxmn n nosnnxnr,
noxa n yr ocrnrnyra onnnnax crnnt saxxnnocrn +nrn, xorx
coxarntnt ycnonnx moryr anno cymcrnonart. ouno rax x narornno
snaunn xoncrnrynnonantntx ]axroon sanncnr or roro, nacxontxo ontm n
xoncrnrynnn sanoxno onoro uacrnoro nnunnx, um yroro; moxno c
ax ncrannrt, uro xaucrnnno xoncrnrynnn ncx nm onnaxont n
asnnuamrcx rontxo +rnmn xonnucrnnntmn coornomnnxmn. mn mammnm
xnnxrcx xonnucrnnnt ]axro n nx cnoconocrn x conornnnnnm
nnornucxomy saonnannm. 3ro yr sanncrt or roro, xaxo xonnucrno
nncnontsonannoro nnno unonx moxr ocrannrt cnoontm n xaxym uacrt
cnoro nnno on cnocon orrornyrt or cxcyantnoro nx nn cynnmannn.
Konunax nnt ymnno xrntnocrn, xoroym xaucrnnno moxno onncart xax
crmnnn x nonyunnm yonontcrnnx n nsrann nyonontcrnnx, c
+xonomnucxo rouxn snnx ncrannxrcx saau cnannrtcx c crnymmnm
n ymnnom annaar xonnucrnom nosyxnnx (macco asaxnnx) n n
onycrnrt ro sacrox, ntstnammro nyonontcrnn.
or ro, uro x xorn nam cxasart o oasonannn cnmnromon nn nnos. o
urot n satrt, nouxny m as co nc onnnnocrtm: nc sct
cxasanno ornocnrcx rontxo x oasonannm cnmnromon nn ncrnn. Vx nn
nnos nanxsunntx cocroxnn - xorx ocnonno coxannrcx - mnoro yr
no-yromy. ornnononoxnocrn no ornomnnm x ronannxm nnunn, o
xorotx mna ut n nn ncrnn, nn
nnos nanxsunntx cocroxnnn ntcrynamr na nnt nnan n nonaamr n
xnnnnucxo xarnn naroax rax nastnamtm "axrnnntm oasonannxm".
axn x n m antm nymn orcrynnnnx mt orxtnam nn yrnx nnosax,
r nccnonannx o mxannsmax oasonannx cnmnromon nn n xo m n
sanmnt.
x um ornycrnrt nac cronx, x xorn t na mnnyry oarnrt nam
nnnmann na ony croony xnsnn ]anrasnn, xoroax ocrona ncomro
nnrca. crt oarnt nyrt or ]anrasnn x antnocrn, +ro - ncxyccrno.
ocnon cno xyoxnnx rox nnronrnonannt, xoroomy nanxo o
nnosa. nm rcnxrcx cnxcnntnt nnunnx, on xorn t nonyuart
noucrn, nnacrt, orarcrno, cnany n nmont xnmnn; no y nro nr ccrn,
urot onrtcx nx yonnrnonnx. noromy, xax ncxxn nyonnrnonnt
unonx, on ornoaunnarcx or crnnrntnocrn n nnocnr nct cno
nnrc, a raxx cno nnno na xnannt oast cno ]anrasnn, orxya mor
t orxtrtcx nyrt x nnosy. mnoro onxno connacrt, urot +ro n crano
nonntm ncxoom ro asnnrnx; nt nsncrno, xax uacro nmnno xyoxnnxn
craamr ns-sa nnoson uacrnuno nor cno ryocnoconocrn.
oxrno, nx xoncrnrynnx onaar cnntno cnoconocrtm x cynnmannn n
onnnno cnaocrtm ntrcnnn, asmammnx xon]nnxr. arnt x nyrt
x antnocrn xyoxnnx naxonr cnymmnm oasom. t on n nncrnnnt,
xro xnnr xnsntm ]anrasnn. omxyrouno nacrno ]anrasnn cymcrnyr co
ncomro cornacnx unonucrna, n ncxxn, ncntrtnammn nnmnnx, xr or
nro onrunnx n yrmnnx. o nx nxyoxnnxa nosmoxnocrt nonyunnx
nacnaxnnx ns ncrounnxon ]anrasnn orannuna. ymonnmocrt ntrcnnn
ntnyxar ro onontcrnonartcx cxyntmn rsamn, xorot moryr m
ocranartcx cosnarntnt-
mn. o cnn xro-ro - ncrnnnt xyoxnnx, rora on nmr n cnom
acnoxxnnn ontm. o-nntx, on ymr rax oaorart cnon rst, uro
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onn rxmr nc cnnmxom nnuno, orranxnnamm nocroonnro, n cranonxrcx
ocrynntmn nx nacnaxnnx yrnx. n ymr raxx nacrontxo cmxrunrt nx,
uro nnrxo oraartcx o nx noncxoxnnn ns sanrntx ncrounnxon. an,
on onaar ranncrnnno cnoconocrtm nnanart onnnnomy marnany
]omy, noxa ror n cranr nntm oroaxnnm ro ]anracrnucxoro
ncrannnnx, n sarm on ymr cnxsart c +rnm nsoaxnnm cno
ccosnarntno ]anrasnn nonyunn raxoro ontmoro nacnaxnnx, uro
naroax +romy ntrcnnnx, no xan m nmnno, noonnamrcx n
ycranxmrcx. cnn on nc +ro moxr conmnrt, ro ar n yrnm nosmoxnocrt
cnona unart yrmnn n onrunn ns ncrounnxon nacnaxnnx nx
cocrnnnoro ccosnarntnoro, cranmnx nocrynntmn, nonyuax nx
naroanocrt n nocxnmnn n ocrnrax naroax cno ]anrasnn roro, uro
cnauana nmn rontxo n ]anrasnn: noucrn, nnacrt n nmont xnmnn(1).
- ---------------------------------------
* 3ct rnnnuno nx ncnxoanannsa oxcnnn rnoucxoro mtmnnnx n
]anrasnn xyoxnnxa ncxnmunrntno xaaxrom ro nnno n nonno
nrnononann connantno nnot ncxyccrna, onnxmm nnamnxy
ncnxnucxnx nonccon nn cosannn noyxron xyntryt, n rom uncn -
xyoxcrnnntx nonsnnn.
H KH
tunax nnosnocrt
Vnaxamt amt n rocnoa! ocn roro xax n nocnnnx cax mt sanmnnn
raxym rynym uacrt aort, x na nxoroo nmx ocrannxm +ror nmr n
oamamct x nam co cnymmnm.
snam, uro nt nonontnt. t ncrannxnn c "nnn n ncnxoananns"
nnau. t nnonarann ycntmart xnsnnnt nnmt, a n ronn. t cxaxr
mn, uro nncrnnnt as, xora x ncrannn nam naannnt " nonan n
na nnom +rax", nt xo-uro nonxnn o nnunn nnoson, rontxo nyum t
+ro tnn crnnrntnt nanmnnx, a n nnymannt ncronn. nn xora x
nnauan accxasan nam o nyx - nnnmo, rox n ntmtmnnntx - cnmnromax n
asxcnnn nx ornomnn x xnsnn ontnoro, ro nam cran xcn "cmtcn"
cnmnromon; nt naxnnct, uro x yy noonxart n rom x yx. mcro +roro
x nsnaran nam nocrannt, acnntnuart ronn, xorot nnxora n tnn
nonntmn, x xorotm nocroxnno oannxnoct uro-ro nono, nontsonancx
nonxrnxmn, xorotx m n asxcnnn nam, nxonn or onncarntnoro
nsnoxnnx x nnamnucxomy nonnmannm, a or nro - x rax nastnamomy
"+xonomnucxomy", mmax nam nonxrt, xaxn ns ncnontsymtx rmnnon osnaua-
mr ro x camo n samnxmr yr yra rontxo no nnunn narosnyunx,
nnaran nam raxn mnoxn nonxrnx, xax nnnnnnt yonontcrnnx n
antnocrn n ]nnornrnucxn ynacnonanno, n, nmcro roro urot nnonrt
no uro-ro, x asnrtnan n namnm nsoom nuro raxo, uro nc ontm
yanxnoct or nac.
oumy x n nauan nnnn n ronm nnoson c roro, uro nt camn snar o
nnosnocrn n uro anno ntstnar nam nnrc? oumy n nauan c onncannx
cnooasno cymnocrn nnnoontntx, nx nnonxrntx axnn na unonucxo
omnn n nnmnn nnnxnnx, nx asaxnrntnocrn, nncxasymocrn
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nonnnx n nnncnoconnnocrn x xnsnn? oumy n nonn nac mar sa marom
or nonnmannx on nocrtx noncnnntx ]om x nonmam saraountx
xannx noxnnnn nnosnocrn?
a, ynaxamt rocnoa, n mory n nnsnart nam nanort. n nacrontxo
nnmnn n cocrnnno ncxyccrno nsnoxnnx, urot ntanart sa ocoym
nncrt xaxt ro nocrarox. cam ymam, uro moxno tno t cnart
nnau n c ontm ntroo nx nac; x +roro n xorn. o n ncra moxno
ntnonnnrt cnon narn namnnx. camom marnan uacro saxnmuno uro-ro
raxo, uro yxononr oxrno, ona ns nnunn n rom, uro nasnann
"nnn n ncnxoananns" yx n noxonr x +ro uacrn, r ocyxamrcx
nnost. nnn n ncnxoananns cocrannxr nsyunn omnountx crnn n
cnonnnn, yunn o nnosax - +ro cam ncnxoananns. ymam, uro t mn
t yanoct sa raxo xoorxo n-
mx nosnaxomnrt nac c coxannm yunnx o nnosax nnau, um n raxo
cxonnnrnonanno ]om. no saxnmuanoct n rom, urot n om cnxsn
noxasart nam cmtcn n snaunn cnmnromon, nnmnn n nnyrnnn ycnonnx n
mxannsm nx oasonannx. n nontrancx +ro cnart; raxona nnmno cyrt
roro, umy moxr nayunrt ncnxoananns cronx. n +rom mnoro nnmnoct
rononrt o nnno n ro asnnrnn, xo-uro n o asnnrnn . naroax
nnnnm nt yx tnn nororonnnt x oconnocrxm nam rxnnxn, x ocnonntm
nsrnxam na ccosnarntno n ntrcnnn (conornnnnn). a ono ns
nnxamnx nxnn nt ysnar, n um ncnxoanannrnucxax aora naxonr cno
orannucxo noonxnn. oxa x n cxtnan or nac, uro nc namn cnnnx
ocnonant na nsyunnn rontxo ono-nncrnnno rynnt nnntx saonnann,
na rax nastnamtx nnosax nncnnx. Mxannsm oasonannx cnmnromon x
nocnnn ncro nnmt nx ncrnucxoro nnosa. cnn nt n n nnonn
connntx snann n n sanomnnnn xaxym rant, ro nc x x namct, uro y
nac cnoxnnoct ncrannnn o rom, xaxnmn ccrnamn aorar ncnxoananns,
sa mnn xaxnx nonocon rcx n xaxnx syntraron on yx ocrnr.
nnnncan nam noxnann, urot x nauan nsnoxnn rmt nnoson c
nonnnx nnnoontntx, c onncannx roro, xax onn craamr or cnonx
nnoson, xax omrcx c nnmn n nncnocannnamrcx x nnm. 3ro, xonuno,
nnrcnt n ocront nosnannx n n ount rynt nx nsnoxnnx marnan,
no comnnrntno naunnart c nro. ncxymt n orxtrt ccosnarntnoro, n
ynnrt nn +rom ontmoro snaunnx nnno n cynrt oo ncx ornomnnxx
rax, xax onn xaxyrcx nnnoontnoro. ro, uro +ro nn n xo m n
naxnax n n cnncracrnax croona, conmnno
ounnno. t - +ro cnna, xoroax ornnar ccosnarntno n cnonr ro
x ntrcnnnomy, xax x moxno nnrt my n rom, uro ono yr cnannnno x
+romy ccosnarntnomy? n +roro ntrcnnnoro na nnom mcr croxr
ornrnyrt ronannx cxcyantnocrn; camo coo asymrcx, uro mt
nnxora n cmoxm ysnart o nx om n snaunnn ns mnnn . roro
momnra, xora nx nac naunnar noxcnxrtcx nosnnnx ntrcnnnx, mt onxnt
raxx ocrrartcx roro, urot n nocrannrt cyt n +rom cno ony ns
cnoxmnx croon, x romy x m n nonnmym. Mt nororonnnt x romy, uro
ntcxastnannx nnyr nac n sanyxnn. cnn nnrt , ro ono na ncx
+ranax tno axrnnntm, camo xnano cnonx cnmnromon n cosano nx. Mt snam,
uro ono cunrar nosmoxntm trt n nsncrno crnnn naccnnntm, uro xour
sarm cxtrt n nnyxacnrt. ana, ono n ncra marcx na raxym
nontrxy; nn cnmnromax nnosa nanxsunntx cocroxnn ono onxno nnsnart,
uro my nornnonocrannxrcx uro-ro uyxo, or uro ono c ryom samnmarcx,
Koro n yxnnamr +rn nocrxnnx nnnnmart sa uncrym monry nonxn
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, romy, asymrcx, nrxo xnnrcx, n on nsannn or ncro roro
conornnnnnx, xoroo nonnmrcx nornn ntnnxnnx n ncnxoananns na
nnt nnan ccosnarntnoro, cxcyantnocrn n naccnnnocrn . or moxr
yrnxart, noono nt]y ny (1912), uro "nnnt xaaxr"
xnnxrcx nnunno nnosa nmcro ro cncrnnx, no on raxx n yr n
cocroxnnn oxcnnrt nn ono rann n oasonannn cnmnroma n nn onoro
cnonnnnx.
t cnocnr, nntsx nn cnannnno onnnrt yuacrn n nnosnocrn n
oasonannn cnmnromon, xnno n nnrax nn +rom orxtrtmn ncnxoanannsom
]axroamn. ornuy: xonuno, +ro nosmoxno n xora-nnyt nonsor; no
naunnart nmnno c +roro n n rannnxx ncnxoanannsa. ana, moxno
ncxasart, xora +ra saaua ncranr n ncnxoanannsom. crt nnost, n
xorotx yuacrnyr roaso axrnnn, um n nsyunntx o cnx no; mt
nastnam nx "nannccrnucxnmn nnosamn". nannrnucxax oaorxa +rnx
saonnann acr nam nosmoxnocrt cnncracrno n nno cynrt o yuacrnn
n nnornucxom saonnannn.
o ono ns ornomnn x cnomy nnosy nacrontxo ounnno, uro ro c
camoro nauana moxno nnnxrt no nnnmann. no, no-nnnmomy, ncruarcx no
ncx cnyuaxx, no xcn ncro onayxnnarcx nn saonnannn, xoroo mt
cronx m nocrarouno nonnmam, - nn ranmarnucxom nnos. t onxnt
snart, uro n nnunn n n mxannsm ncx nosmoxntx ]om nnoson ncra
crnymr onn n r x ]axrot, rontxo n onom cnyua rnanno snaunn n
oasonannn cnmnromon nnorar onn ns +rnx ]axroon, n yrom -
yro. 3ro noono mrary arncrnucxo rynnt, n xoroom xaxt nmr
cno onnnno amnnya: ro, nnsxn yr, nnrnran n r. .; no nx
cnoro n]nca xaxt ntr yrym ntcy. ax, ]anrasnn, nnamammncx
n cnmnromt, nnr n noxnnxmrcx on xnno, um nn ncrnn;
nornnononoxnt, nnn axrnnnt, oasonannx rocnocrnymr n xarnn
nnosa nanxsunntx cocroxnn; ro, uro mt nasnann nronuno oaorxo n
cnonnnnn, ntcrynar na nno mcro n nn a nn naano n r. .
axnm oasom, nn ranmarnucxnx nnosax, oconno raxnx, xorot
nosnnxamr ns-sa yxacon nont, nx nac ncomnnn +roncrnucxn mornn ,
crmxmncx x samnr n ntro, xorot n onnouxy m n cosar onsnt,
no canxnnonnyr n noxnnar, cnn ona yx nauanact. 3ror mornn
xour yut
or onacnocr, yrosa xorotx n nocnyxnna nonoom nx saonnannx, n n
onycrnr ntsoonnnnx, nx um n yr ncxnmuna nosmoxnocrt
nonronnx +rnx onacnocr nnn nnmt nocn roro, xax yr nonyuna
xomnncannx sa nncnnym onacnocrt.
o n no ncx yrnx cnyuaxx noxnnxr ananornunym sannrconannocrt n
nosnnxnonnnn n nocnymmm cymcrnonannn nnosa. Mt yx cxasann, uro
cnmnrom noxnnarcx raxx n , noromy uro y nro crt raxax croona,
naroax xoroo on ar yonnrnonn ntrcnxmm rnnnnn . Kom
roro, asmnn xon]nnxra noccrnom oasonannx cnmnroma xnnxrcx camtm
yontm n xnarntntm ntxoom ns nonoxnnx nx nnnnnna yonontcrnnx; on,
ncomnnno, nsannxr or ontmo n myunrntno nnyrnn aort. tnamr
cnyuan, xora ax nau onxn nnsnart, uro asmnn xon]nnxra n ]om
nnosa ncrannxr coo camo sonno n connantno onycrnmo
mnn. ynnnxrct, uro noo ax nau cranonnrcx na croony
onsnn, c xoroo on nr oty. my n nncrano nrart nnmt ont
]anarnxa soontx nonxn ncm xnsnnntm cnryannxm, on snar, uro n mn
crt n rontxo nnornucxo crnn, no n antno ncxonuamo
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craann, uro noxonmocrt moxr noronart or unonxa noxrnonart
cnonm soontm, n on snar, uro raxo xrno onoro unonxa uacro
cxnnarcx cxonuno ncuacrt mnornx yrnx. cnn moxno cxasart, uro
y nnornxa xaxt as n nnnom xon]nnxra noncxonr rcrno n onsnt,
ro cnyr nnsnart, uro n nxorotx cnyuaxx +ro rcrno nnonn
onananno, n nau, nonxnmn +ro nonoxnn nm, monua oror n croony,
max ontnoro.
o nn antnmm nsnoxnnn mt nosxnmcx or +rnx ncxnmunrntntx cnyuan.
otuntx ycnonnxx mt onayxnnam, uro naroax orcrynnnnm n
nnos nonyuar onnnnym nnyrnnmm ntroy or onsnn. K n n
nxorotx cnyuaxx xnsnn nnconnxrcx ounnno nnmn nnmymcrno,
on nnn mn ntcoxo nnnmo n antnocrn. ocmornr na camt uacrt
nnm raxoro oa. nmnna, c xoroo myx ryo oamarcx n cnomano
ncnontsyr , nourn ncra naxonr ntxo n nnos, cnn
nacnonoxnnx amr raxym nosmoxnocrt, cnn ona cnnmxom rycnnna nnn
cnnmxom nancrnnna nx roro, urot rano yrmartcx c yrnm myxunno,
cnn ona nocrarouno cnntna, urot, ncmorx na nc nnmnn nnxrcrnnx,
accrartcx c myxm, cnn y n nr naxt coxart cx camo nnn narn
nyumro myxa n cnn ona, xom roro, m nnnxsana x +romy ryomy
unonxy cxcyantntm uyncrnom. ora onsnt cranonnrcx oyxnm n
ot nornn cnxcnntnoro myxa, oyxnm, xorotm ona moxr
nocnontsonartcx nx cno samnrt n snoynornrt nm nx cno mcrn. a
cnom onsnt ona moxr noxanonartcx, mxy rm xax na ax, noxrno,
xanonartcx n cmna. nnn naua ona naxonr nomomnnxa, ntnyxar
cnomanoro myxa manrt , rarnrtcx na n, asmart nmnno
orcyrcrnonart oma n ocnooxartcx raxnm oasom or cynyxcxoro rnra.
am, r raxax nnmnxx nnn cnyuanax ntroa or onsnn onontno
snaunrntna n n moxr narn nnxaxo antno samnt, nt n cmoxr ntcoxo
onnnrt nosmoxnocrt noscrnnx nam rannn na nnos.
t ynxnr mnx, uro ro, uro x nam sct accxasan o ntro or onsnn,
xax as rononr n nontsy ornrnyroro mno mnnnx, uro camo xour n
cosar nnos. noxono, ynaxamt rocnoa, moxr trt, +ro osnauar
rontxo ro, uro mnnrcx c nnosom, xoroomy ono n moxr nommart, n
nar ns nro camo nyum, cnn ns nro noom moxno uro-nnyt
cnart. 3ro rontxo ona croona na, nana, nnxrnax. ocxontxy nnos
nmr nnmymcrna, c nnm cornacno, no y nro nmmrcx n rontxo
nnmymcrna. Kax nannno, tcro ntxcnxrcx, uro saxnmunno nntronym
cnxy, cornamaxct na nnos. no cnnmxom ooro sannarnno sa onrunn
xon]nnxra, n omymnnx craannx, nnunnxmt cnmnromamn, noxany,
+xnnnannrnax samna myunnxm xon]nnxra n, nosmoxno, c m ontmnm
xonnucrnom nyonontcrnnx. xorno t ocnoonrtcx or +roro
nyonontcrnnx ns-sa cnmnromon, n ycrynax ntro or onsnn, no nmnno
+roro ono n n cocroxnnn cnart. n +rom oxastnarcx, uro ono tno n
raxnm yx axrnnntm, xax cunrano, - anar +ro sanomnnm.
Vnaxamt rocnoa, xora nt xax naun yr nmrt no c nnornxamn, ro
cxoo orxaxrct or mtcnn, uro r ontnt, xorot ontm ncro nnunramr
n xanymrcx na cnom onsnt, oxorn ncro nyr nancruy oxastnamo
nomomn n oxaxyr nanmntm conornnnnn. xo naooor. o nt nrxo
nomr, uro nc, uro cnococrnyr nonyunnm ntrot or onsnn, ycnnnr
conornnnnn ntrcnnnx n ynnnunr rynocrt nunnx. K +ro ntro or
onsnn, noxnnnmcx, rax cxasart, nmcr c cnmnromom, nam cnyr,
onaxo, nnannrt m n yrym, xoroax noxnnxrcx nosx. cnn raxax
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ncnxnucxax orannsannx, xax onsnt, cymcrnyr nnrntno nmx, ro ona
nr cx n xonn xonnon xax camocroxrntno cymcrno, ona noxnnxr
nuro no nncrnnxra camocoxannnx, oasyrcx cnoro oa modus
vivendi* mxy nm n yrnmn croonamn ymnno xnsnn, nnum ax raxnmn,
xorot, n cymnocrn, naxnt , n nourn ncra ncruamrcx cnyuan, n
xorotx ona onxrt
- ---------------------------------------
* ornamnn (nar.) - nm. n.
oxastnarcx nonsno n nnrono nx ncnontsonannx, xax t nnorax
nronunym ]ynxnnm, xoroax c nono cnno yxnnxr cymcrnonann.
mcro nnma ns naronornn nostmnr xxn nnm ns noncnnno xnsnn.
ntnt aoun, saaartnammn c na coxann, cranonnrcx xanxo
ns-sa ncuacrnoro cnyuax no nmx aort; c aoro rnt xonuno, no co
nmnm nornnmn nonyuar manntxym nncnm no ynutm n nayuarcx
nontsonartcx cnonm ynutm xax nnmn. ro nono, xorx n yxymnnmcx
cymcrnonann ocnontnarcx rnt xax as na rom x, uro nnmnno ro
nxnnx ccrn cymcrnonannx. cnn nt ycrannr ro yocrno, ro cnauana
nnmnr ro ccrn x cymcrnonannm; nosnnxnr nonoc, cnocon nn on m
nnont nsxrtcx sa nxnmm aory. o, uro nn nnos coornrcrnyr raxomy
nronunomy ncnontsonannm onsnn, mt moxm nnannrt n xaucrn nronuno
ntrot or onsnn x nnnuno.
o n omm x xorn t nam cxasart: n onnnnar cnnmxom nnsxo
naxrnucxo snaunn ntrot or onsnn n n nnanar cnnmxom
ontmoro rornucxoro snaunnx. cunrax an ynomxnyrtx ncxnmunn,
ona nanomnnar nnmt "yma xnnorntx", nnnmcrnonanntx nnom n
Fliegende Blatter. a r na nnm no ysxo ronnnx, ntcunno n
orncnom cxnon rot. a nonoor oorn on noxnanno ncruarcx co
ntnom, rorontm x ntxxy. n n nnnr ntxoa: c ono croont - orncnax
crna, c yro - nonacrt, nonnyrt n cnacrnct rcrnom nnosmoxno; on
cunrar cx nornmnm. yro no xnnorno. mcr co ncannxom ono
nar ntxox n nonacrt - n nn ocrarcx nn c um. nyumn syntrar
nx ontnoro ar n nomomt, oxastnamax nnosom. osmoxno, +ro noncxonr
noromy, uro asmnn xon]nnxra noccrnom oasonannx cnmnro-
MB - nc x anromarnucxn noncc, xorot n moxr coornrcrnonart
ronannxm xnsnn n nn xoroom unonx orxastnarcx or ncnontsonannx
cnonx nyumnx n ntcmnx cnn. cnn t tn nto, cnonano t nnoucrt
nornnyrt n ucrno ot c cyto.
Vnaxamt rocnoa! onxn, onaxo, oxcnnrt nam m yrn mornnt, no
xorotm nn nsnoxnnn yunnx o nnosax x n ncxonn ns otuno
nnosnocrn. Moxr trt, nt ymar, uro x cnan +ro noromy, uro rora
mn ryn tno t oxasart cxcyantnym nnunny nnoson. o ryr nt
omnarct. n nnosax nncnnx nyxno nonart cnauana aory no
ronxonannm cnmnromon, urot nnrn x raxomy nonnmannm. n otuntx ]omax
rax nastnamtx axryantntx nnoson (1) +rnonornucxo snaunn cxcyantno
xnsnn xnnxrcx omnm, ocrynntm nanmnnm ]axrom. cronxnyncx c nnm
on nanarn nr romy nasa, xora onaxt saan c nonoc, noumy nn
accnocax nnnoontntx otuno n nnnnmamrcx no nnnmann nx cxcyantnt
noxnnnnx. ora x nnnc n xrny +rnm nccnonannxm cnom nonynxnocrt y
ontntx, no yx nocn nnoonxnrntntx ycnnn mor ntcxasart nonoxnn,
uro nn nomantno vita seualis* n tnar nnosa - x nmm n nny
axryantnoro nnosa. Konuno, +ro nonoxnn n yunrtnar nnnnnyantntx
asnnun mxy nmtmn, ono craar raxx nonnnnocrtm, nornnmo
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or onnxn "nomantnoro", no nx nnanrntno onnrnonxn ono n o
nacroxmro nmnn co-
- ---------------------------------------
(1) nnnn "axryantnt" nnnnctnarcx +ro rynn nnoson, noromy
uro nx nnunnt xomrcx n ocroxrntcrnax, nnoccrnnno noscrnymmnx
na nnunocrt, a n n nomntx nxnnannxx nannnra, xax nn ncnxonnosax.
* xcyantno xnsnn (nar.). - nm. n.
xannno cnom snaunmocrt. omn rora o roro, uro ycranonnn
cnnn]nucxn ornomnnx mxy onnnntmn ]omamn nnosnocrn n
orntntmn nntmn cxcyantntmn noxnnnnxmn, n n comnnamct n rom, uro
rnt mor t nonronrt +rn x nanmnnx, cnn t acnonaran raxnm x
xonrnnrnrom ontntx. ocrarouno uacro x ysnanan, uro myxunna,
onontcrnonanmncx onnnntm nnom nnonnoro cxcyantnoro
yonnrnonnx, nannm yuntm onannsmom, saonnan onnnno ]omo
axryantnoro nnosa n uro +ror nnos tcro ycrynan mcro yromy, xora
on nxonn x yromy, cront x mano synunomy cxcyantnomy xnmy.
tn rora n cocroxnnn yraart no nsmnnnm cocroxnnx ontnoro nmny n
oas ro cxcyantno xnsnn. ora x x nayunncx ynono nacrannart na
cnonx nnonoxnnxx, noxa n noonnan nncxnnocrn nannnron n n
ntnyxan nx nornxart mon nnonoxnnx. no n ro, uro sarm onn
nnounrann oamartcx x yrnm nauam, xorot n ocnomnxnnct c raxnm
ycnm o nx cxcyantno xnsnn.
Vx rora or mnx n morno ycxontsnyrt, uro noncx nnunn saonnannx n
ncra nnnonn x cxcyantno xnsnn. cnn onn n saonnan nnoccrnnno
ns-sa nnoro cxcyantnoro noxnnnnx, ro yro - ns-sa roro, uro
norxn cocroxnn nnn nnc nsnyxmmym orannucxym onsnt. xcnnn
+roro mnorooasnx nnmno nosx, xora mt nonxnn nnonaramt
nsanmoornomnnx mxy n nnno, n ono cranonnnoct rm on
yonnrnonrntntm, um rnyx tno nam nonnmann. Kaxo-ro nnno
saonnar nnosom rontxo rora, xora ro rxr cnoconocrt xax-ro
acnnnrt nnno. m cnntn , rm nru my asmnrt +ry saauy;
ncxxo ocnannn no xaxo-nno nnunn onxno nonsnonrt ro x -
crnn, uro n cnnmxom ontmo nnrxsann nnno, r. . cnart nosmoxntm
nnornucxo saonnann. crt m yrn, on nnrnmnt ornomnnx n
nnno, no onn m n nomnn n nam non snnx, n no+romy x n nnnoxy nx
sct nx oxcnnnx. ymcrnnntm n oxcnxmmnm nx nac nt, onaxo, x
onxn oarnrt nam nnnmann na cymcrnnno asnnun mxy cnmnromamn
axryantntx nnoson n ncnxonnoson, nnax rynna xorotx, rynna
nnoson nncnnx, rax mnoro sannmana nam nnnmann o cnx no. oonx
cnyuaxx cnmnromt noncxoxr ns nnno, r. . xnnxmrcx nnomantntm ro
nnmnnnm, sammnnm yonnrnonnx. o cnmnromt axryantntx nnoson -
annnn n ronon, omymnn onn, asaxnn n xaxom-nno oran,
ocnannn nnn saxxa ]ynxnnn - n nmmr nnxaxoro "cmtcna", nnxaxoro
ncnxnucxoro snaunnx. nn n rontxo noxnnxmrcx nnmymcrnnno rncno,
xax, nannm, n ncrnucxn cnmnromt, no camn ncrannxmr coo
ncxnmunrntno comarnucxn noncct, n nosnnxnonnnn xorotx conmnno n
yuacrnymr nc r cnoxnt ymnnt mxannsmt, c xorotmn mt nosnaxomnnnct.
axnm oasom, onn crnnrntno xnnxmrcx rm, sa uro rax onro nnnnmann
ncnxonnornucxn cnmnromt. o xaxnm oasom onn moryr rora
coornrcrnonart nnmnnnxm nnno, xoroo mt cunram crnymm cnno n
ncnxnx? ax +ro, ynaxamt rocnoa, ount nocro. osnontr mn nanomnnrt
nam onn ns camtx nntx ynxon, ntcxasanntx n ac ncnxoanannsa. ora
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rononnn, uro on rynrcx na ncnxonornucxn-
mn ronxmn nnornucxnx xnnnn, a +ro conmnno snaxno, rax xax
ncnxonornucxn ronn nnxora n mornn t oxcnnrt onsnt. nounn
satrt, uro cxcyantnax ]ynxnnx xnnxrcx cront x mano um-ro uncro
ncnxnucxnm, xax n um-ro rontxo comarnucxnm. na oxastnar nnnxnn xax
na rncnym, rax n na ymnnym xnsnt. cnn n cnmnromax ncnxonnoson mt
ynnnn noxnnnnx naymnn n noscrnnxx na ncnxnxy, ro mt n
ynnnmcx, cnn n axryantntx nnosax nam nnoccrnnnt comarnucxn
nocncrnnx cxcyantntx naymnn.
nx nonnmannx ntmcxasannoro mnnnncxax xnnnnucxax naxrnxa ar nam
nnno yxasann, xoroo raxx nnnnmann no nnnmann asnnunt
nccnonarnn. ranxx cno cnmnromarnxn, a raxx n cnooasnn
noscrnnx na nc cncrmt oranon n na nc ]ynxnnn axryantnt nnost
onayxnnamr ncomnnno cxocrno c onsnnntmn cocroxnnxmn, nosnnxammnmn
ncncrnn xonnucxoro nnnxnnx +xsornntx xonnrtx nmcrn n ocroro nx
nnmnnx, r. . c nnroxcnxannxmn n cocroxnnxmn acrnnnnnn. rynnt
saonnann m ontm cnnxamrcx yr c yrom naroax raxnm
cocroxnnxm, xorot mt nayunnnct ornocnrt rox na cur crnnx xonnrtx
nmcrn, no n nnnntx n orannsm, uyxtx my, a oasonanntx n noncc
cocrnnnoro omna nmcrn, xax, nannm, nn asono onsnn.
nonaram, uro na ocnonannn +rnx ananorn mt n moxm n cunrart nnost
cncrnnm naymnnx cxcyantnoro omna nmcrn, yt ono ns-sa roro, uro
+rnx cxcyantntx roxcnnon nonsnonrcx ontm, um anno nnno moxr
ycnonrt, nnn ns-sa roro, uro nnyrnnn n ax ncnxnucxn ycnonnx mmamr
nannntnomy ncnontsonannm +rnx nmcrn. nao nsanna nnxnnannct
raxoro nsrnxa na nnoy cxcyantnoro xnannx, nastnax nmont
"ontxnnnm" n cunrax nosnnx-
nonnn nnmnnnocrn crnnm nmonnoro nannrxa, nnocx nn +rom
crnymm nauano n nsncrnom cmtcn na nnmnn mn. nx nac +ro tno t
nonoom ncnomnnrt o +ornntx sonax n o yrnxnnn, uro cxcyantno
nosyxnn moxr nosnnxnyrt n camtx asnnuntx oranax. noum, cnona
"cxcyantnt omn nmcrn" nnn "xnmnsm cxcyantnocrn" nx nac n nmmr
coxannx; mt nnuro o +rom n snam n n moxm ax mnrt, cnyr nn
nam nnonarart cymcrnonann nyx cxcyantntx nmcrn, xorot
nastnannct t rora "myxcxnm" n "xncxnm", nnn mt moxm orannunrtcx onnm
cxcyantntm roxcnnom, n xoroom cnyr nnrt nocnrnx ncx asaxammnx
noscrnn nnno(1). osanno namn nayuno sann ncnxoanannsa n
crnnrntnocrn xnnxrcx nacroxo, xoroax onxna trt xora-nnyt
nocrannna na cno orannucxn ]ynamnr; no noxa mt ro m n snam.
cnxoananns xax nayxy xaaxrnsyr n marnan, xorotm on sannmarcx, a
rxnnxa, nn nomomn xoroo on aorar. s ocotx narxxx ncnxoananns
moxno nnmnxrt x ncronn xyntryt, nayx o nnrnn n mn]onornn rouno rax
x, xax n x yunnm o nnosax.(2) Hntm ro xnnxrcx n uro nno, xax
acxtrn ccosnarntnoro n ymnno xnsnn. onmt axryantntx nnoson,
cnmnromt xorotx, noxrno, nosnnxamr ns-sa nnoro roxcnucxoro
noscrnnx, n amr nosmoxnocrn nnmnxrt ncnxoananns, on n mnoro moxr
cnart nx nx oxcnnnx n onxn nocrannrt +ry saauy nonornucxomy
mnnnn-
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(1) antnmm u mnrntno ornrar +ro nnonoxnn o nyx
cxcyantntx nmcrnax.
(2) nnanomnocrn nnrxsann ncnxoanannsa na oxcnnn
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ncronxo-xyntryntx ]nomnon n mn]a cm. "ocncnonn".
cxomy nccnonannm. nt nt, moxr trt, nyum nomr, noumy x n
acnonoxnn cno marnan n yrom noxx. cnn t x oman nam "nnn
n yunn o nnosax", ro, ncomnnno, nannntntm tn t nyrt or nocrtx
]om axryantntx nnoson x on cnoxntm ncnxnucxnm saonnannxm
ncncrnn accrocrn nnno. n ocyxnnn axryantntx nnoson x onxn
tn t coart c asntx croon nc, uro mt ysnann nnn nonarann, uro snam,
a nn ncnxonnosax ut samna t o ncnxoananns xax o naxnmm
rxnnucxom ncnomorarntnom ccrn nx noxcnnnx +rnx cocroxnn. o x
oxnnn n namnancx noucrt "nnn n ncnxoananns"; nx mnx tno
naxn, urot nt nonyunnn ncrannnn o ncnxoananns, a n onnnnt
snannx o nnosax, n no+romy x n mor ntnnnyrt na nnt nnan cnnont
nx ncnxoanannsa axryantnt nnost. ymam raxx, uro cnan nx nac on
naronnxrnt nto, rax xax ncnxoananns ncncrnn cnonx rnyoxnx
nnoctnox n omnntx cnxs sacnyxnnar roro, urot nnnnut nnrc
nmoro oasonannoro unonxa, a yunn o nnosax - raxax x onacrt
mnnnnt, xax n nmax yrax.
Mxy rm nt oocnonanno narct, uro mt onxnt ym noxnnrt nxorot
nnrc n x axryantntm nnosam. ac ntnyxar x +romy nx nnrnmnax
xnnnnucxax cnxst c ncnxonnosamn. o+romy x xouy nam coomnrt, uro mt
asnnuam rn uncrtx ]omt axryantntx nnoson: nnacrnnm, nnos
craxa(1) n nnoxonnm. o n +ro asnnn n ocranoct s nosaxnn.
asnannx, nana, nc ynornxmrcx, no nx coxann nonnnno n
nycrounno. crt
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(1) u nonoxarno ncmarnnan cnon nsrnxt na nnos craxa. ro
oxonuarntnax nosnnnx nsnoxna n 32- nxnnn.
naun, xorot nornnxrcx nmomy nnnm n nyranom mn nnornucxnx
xnnnn, nmomy ntnnnm xnnnnucxnx nnnn, orntntx onsn n n
nnsnamr ax asnnnx na axryantnt nnost n ncnxonnost. nonaram,
uro onn saxoxr cnnmxom anxo n nomnn n no romy nyrn, xorot nr x
norccy. asnannt ]omt nnosa nnora ncruamrcx n uncrom nn, no
uam cmmnnamrcx yr c yrom n c ncnxonnornucxnm saonnannm. 3rn
xnnnnx n onxnt sacrannxrt nac orxastnartcx or nx nnnx. cnomnnr
asnnun yunnx o mnnanax n yunnx o xamnxx n mnnanornn. Mnnant
onnctnamrcx xax orntnt nnnnt, xonuno, n cnxsn c rm, uro onn uacro
ncruamrcx n nn xncrannon, sxo orrannunntx or oxyxamm ct.
Kamnn cocroxr ns cmcn mnnanon, connnnmnxcx, no nc onnnnocrn,
n cnyuano, a ncncrnn ycnonn nx nosnnxnonnnx. yunnn o nnosax mt
m cnnmxom mano nonnmam xo asnnrnx, urot cosart uro-ro noono
yunnm o xamnxx. o mt, ncomnnno, nocrynnm nannntno, cnn cnauana
ntnnm ns om macct snaxomt nam xnnnnucxn nnnnt, xorot moxno
cannnrt c mnnanamn.
ctma cymcrnnnax cnxst mxy cnmnromamn axryantntx nnoson n
ncnxonnoson nomorar nam ysnart o oasonannn cnmnromon nocnnnx;
cnmnromt axryantnoro nnosa uacro xnnxmrcx xom n nnaxmm cran
asnnrnx ncnxonnornucxoro cnmnroma. cn ncro raxo ornomnn
nanmarcx mxy nnacrnn n nnosom nncnnx, nasnanntm
"xonncnonno ncrn", mxy nnosom craxa n ncrn craxa, a raxx
mxy nnoxonn n ]omamn, an ynomnnamtmn xax naa]nnx (ann
cnaoymn n naanox). ostmm nx nnma cnyua ncrnucxo rononno
onn nnn onn n xcrn. nanns noxastnar nam, uro n syntrar crymnnx
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n cm-
mnnx ona crana samcrnrnm yonnrnonnx nx nnoro xa nnnosntx
]anrasn nnn nocnomnnann. o xora-ro +ra ont tna antno, n rora ona
tna nnoccrnnntm cxcyantno-roxcnucxnm cnmnromom, comarnucxnm
ntaxnnm nnnosnoro nosyxnnx. Mt conmnno n xornm yrnxart, uro
raxo xo nmmr nc ncrnucxn cnmnromt, no ocrarcx ]axrom ro, uro rax
tnar oconno uacro n uro nc - nomantnt n naronornucxn - rncnt
noscrnnx naroax nnnosnomy nosyxnnm cnyxar nnmymcrnnno
nmnno nx oasonannx cnmnromon ncrnn. nn nramr ont ro ncunnxn,
xoroym monnmcx ononaxnnar cnoxmn nnamyra. axnm x oasom
ncnxonnos ncnontsyr nxoxmn nnsnaxn cxcyantnoro nosyxnnx,
cononoxammn nonono axr, xax camt yont n noxoxmn marnan nx
oasonannx cnmnromon.
oont noncc ntstnar ocot narnocrnucxn n rannrnucxn
nnrc. V nnn, nacnonoxnntx x nnosy, no n craammnx ntaxnntm
nnosom, nxo tnar rax, uro onsnnno rncno nsmnnn -
nocnannn n annn - ntstnar aory oasonannx cnmnroma, rax uro ona
nmnnno nar annt n antnocrn cnmnrom ncrannrnm ncx rx
ccosnarntntx ]anrasn, xorot rontxo n xann roro, urot onnart
ccrnom ntaxnnx. raxom cnyua nau nsr ror nnn nno nyrt
nunnx, on nnn saxour ycrannrt orannucxym ocnony, n saorxct o
yno nnornucxo naorx, nnn yr oortcx co cnyuano nosnnxmnm
nnosom, n oamax nnnmannx na ro orannucxn nono. Vcnx noxaxr
nannntnocrt nnn nnannntnocrt roro nnn nnoro nna ycnnn; nx raxnx
cmmanntx cnyuan na nn moxno art omn nnncannx.
H KH
rax
Vnaxamt amt n rocnoa! o, uro x cxasan nam na nomno nxnnn o om
nnosnocrn, nt nocunrann, nanno, camtm nnonntm n camtm nocrarountm
ns monx coomnn. +ro snam n ymam, uro nnuro n ynnnno nac ontm,
um ro, uro n n nnuro n tno cxasano o crax, na xorot xanyrcx
ontmnncrno nnnoontntx, cunrax ro camtm yxacntm cnonm craannm, n
xorot crnnrntno moxr ocrnut y nnx romano nnrncnnnocrn n
nnncrn x camtm symntm nocrynxam. o, no xan m n +rom nonoc, x
n xorn trt xarxnm; nanornn, x mnn oconno ocro nocrannrt nonmy
craxa y nnnoontntx n noono nsnoxnrt nam.
am no c crax mn n nyxno nam ncrannxrt; xaxt ns nac
xora-nnyt na cocrnnnom ontr ysnan +ro omymnn, nnn, nannntn
ronox, +ro a]]xrnnno cocroxnn. o x nonaram, uro nnxro nnxora
ocrarouno ctsno n cnamnnan cx, noumy nmnno nnnoontnt
ncntrtnamr crax n roaso ontm crnnn, um yrn. Moxr trt, +ro
cunrann camo coo asymmmnmcx; nt otuno cnona
"nnnt" n "oxsnnnt"* ynornxmr ono nmcro yroro, xax yro t onn
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osnauamr ono n ro x. o mt n nmm na +ro nnxaxoro nana; crt
oxsnnnt nmn, no nonc n nnnt, n crt nnnt, craammn mnornmn
cnmnromamn, y xorotx nr cxnonnocrn x craxy.
Kax t ram nn tno, ncomnnno, uro nonma craxa - ysnono nynxr, n
xoroom cxoxrcx camt asnnunt n camt naxnt nonoct, rana, mnn
xoroo onxno nonnrt xxn cnr na ncm namy ymnnym xnsnt. crany
yrnxart, uro mory nam art nonno mnn, no nt, xonuno, oxnar,
uro ncnxoananns n x +ro rm noxonr conmnno nnau, um mxontnax
mnnnna. am, xaxrcx, nnrcymrcx nx ncro rm, xaxnmn
anaromnucxnmn nyrxmn ocymcrnnxrcx cocroxnn craxa. 3ro snaunr, uro
asaxarcx Medulla olongata,** n ontno ysnar, uro craar nnosom
nyxammro nna. Medulla olongata - ount ctsnt n xacnnt oxr.
xoomo nomnm, cxontxo nmnn n rya nocnxrnn ro nsyunnm mnoro nr
romy nasa. o cronx x onxn nam cxasart, uro n snam nnuro, uro tno
t antm or ncnxonornucxoro nonnmannx craxa, um snann nnnoro nyrn,
no xoroomy nyr ro nmnyntct.
crax moxno mnoro accyxart, noom n ynomnnax nnosnocrn. t mnx
casy nomr, cnn ra-
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* nmnxom xstx "oxsnnnt" (angstlich) - nnnararntno or cnona
"crax" (Angst). conmnno ncnxonornucxo nnrary +ro cnono
sauacrym nnonrcx xax "rnoxnt". Mt counn nosmoxntm n nacroxmm
nsannn nncrn +ro cnono xax "oxsnnnt", rax xax u ynornxr +ro
cnono n on omm snaunnn (cxnonnt x craxy "noom", a n rontxo x
cnmrnomy craxy, xaxnm xnnxrcx rnora). - nm. . nnoa.
** oonronart mosr (nar. - nm. . nnoa.
xo crax x nasony antntm n nornnononoxnocrt nnornucxomy. antnt
crax xnnxrcx nx nac um-ro nnonn annonantntm n nonxrntm. nm mt
cxaxm, uro on ncrannxr coo axnnm na nocnnxrn nnmn onacnocrn,
r. . oxnamoro, nnonaramoro nonxnnx, cnxsan c ]nxcom rcrna,
n ro moxno accmarnnart xax ntaxnn nncrnnxra camocoxannnx. o
xaxomy nonoy, r. . n xaxnmn oxramn n n xaxnx cnryannxx noxnnxrcx
crax, n ontmo m, asymrcx, sanncnr or cocroxnnx namro snannx n or
omymnnx cocrnnno cnnt n nnmnnm mnom. Mt naxonm conmnno
nonxrntm, uro nxat onrcx nymxn n nyrarcx connunoro sarmnnx, n ro
nmx xax nt unonx, ymmmn oamartcx c +rnm oynm n ncxasart
anno cotrn, n +rnx ycnonnxx cnoon or craxa. yro as nmnno
ontm snann ntsonr crax, rax xax ono nosnonxr saan snart o
onacnocrn. ax, nxat ncnyrarcx cnon n ncy, nnuro n ronoxmnx
nocnomnnnomy, no yxastnammnx nxam na nnsocrt xnmnoro snx(1), a
ontrnt monnanarnt yr c yxacom accmarnnart onauxo na n,
xaxymcx nsnaunrntntm naccaxny, no nnmamm moxxy nnnnxnn
yarana.
n antnmm asmtmnnnn cnyr nnsnart, uro mnnn o antnom crax,
yro on asymn n nncooasn, nyxarcx n ocnonarntno nonx.
nncrnnno nncooasntm nonnnm nn yroxamm onacnocrn tna t
cnoxonax onnxa cocrnnntx cnn no cannnnm c nnnunno yrost n sarm
- ---------------------------------------
(1) nnnnt nnm uyncrna craxa n cnyr ncronxontnart
nnnanxnocrtm "nxax" x nnsm ac, nocxontxy ounnno, uro n annom
cnyua uyncrno onnxrcx yonnm annonantnoro nonnmannx ntstnammnx ro
xnnnn.
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mnn, uro omar ontmym naxy na narononyunt ncxo: rcrno nnn
samnra, a moxr trt, ax nanann. o n raxom cnyua nx craxa noom
n ocrarcx mcra; nc, uro noncxonr, nonsomno t rax x xoomo n,
noxrno, m nyum, cnn t no n omno o asnnrnx craxa. t nnnr
raxx, uro cnn crax usmno cnnn, ro on xan nnncooasn, on
naannsyr rora nmo crnn, n rom uncn n rcrno. tuno axnnx na
onacnocrt cocronr ns cmcn a]]xra craxa n samnrnoro crnnx. cnyranno
xnnorno onrcx n xnr, no nncooasntm nn +rom xnnxrcx rcrno, a n
oxsnt.
rax, nosnnxar ncxymnn yrnxart, uro noxnnnn craxa nnxora n
xnnxrcx um-ro nncooasntm. Moxr trt, nyummy nonnmannm nomoxr
on rmarntnt ananns cnryannn craxa. ntm n n xnnxrcx roronnocrt
x onacnocrn, ntaxammaxcx n nontmnnom cnconom nnnmannn n moronom
nanxxnnn. 3ry roronnocrt oxnannx cnyr, n saymtnaxct, nnsnart
ontmnm nnmymcrnom, x orcyrcrnn moxr nnncrn x ctsntm
nocncrnnxm. s n ncxonr, c ono croont, morono crnn, cnauana
rcrno, na on ntcoxo crynnn xrntnax samnra, c yro croont, ro,
uro mt omymam xax cocroxnn craxa. m ontm asnnrn craxa
orannunnarcx rontxo nororonxo, rontxo cnrnanom, rm cnnxrcrnnn
conmarcx nxo roronnocrn x craxy n crnn, rm nncooasn
norxar nct noncc. o+romy n rom, uro mt nastnam craxom, roronnocrt
x craxy (AngstereitschaIt)* xaxrcx mn nncooasno, asnnrn x
craxa - nnncooasntm.
- ---------------------------------------
* conmnno ncnxonornucxo nnrary nx oosnaunnx +roro nonxrnx
ynornxmrcx rmnnt "rnora", "rnoxnocrt". - nm. . nn.
nsram noxonrt nnx x nonocy o rom, nmmr nn n namm xstx cnona
"crax", "oxsnt", "ncnyr" onnaxono nnn asno snaunn. rontxo
nonaram, uro "crax" (Angst) ornocnrcx x cocroxnnm n n ntaxar nnnmannx
x oxry, mxy rm xax "oxsnt" (Furcht) yxastnar xax as na oxr.
anornn, "ncnyr" (chreck), xaxrcx, nmr ocot cmtcn, a nmnno
nouxnnar crnn onacnocrn, xora n tno roronnocrn x craxy. ax
uro moxno tno t cxasart, uro or ncnyra unonx samnmarcx craxom.
sncrnax mnorosnaunocrt n nonnnnocrt ynornnnx cnona "crax" n
moxr ycxontsnyrt or nac. o craxom no ontm uacrn nonnmamr
cyxrnnno cocroxnn, n xoroo nonaamr naroax omymnnm "asnnrnx
craxa", n nastnamr ro a]]xrom. uro raxo a]]xr n nnamnucxom
cmtcn? o ncxxom cnyua, nuro ount cnoxno. ]]xr, no-nntx, nxnmuar
onnnnt moront nnnnannn nnn orroxn +nrnn, no-nrotx, nsncrnt
omymnnx, nnum noxxoro oa: nocnnxrnx cocroxnmnxcx morontx crnn
n nnoccrnnnt omymnnx yonontcrnnx n nyonontcrnnx, nnammn
a]]xry, xax ronoxr, ocnonno ron. o x n ymam, uro t +ro nuncnnn
sararnnano t xax-ro cymnocrt a]]xra. n nxorotx a]]xrax,
no-nnnmomy, moxno sarnxnyrt rnyx n ysnart, uro xom, onnxmmnm
nasnannt ancamnt, xnnxrcx nonronn xaxoro-ro onnnnoro
snaunrntnoro nxnnannx. 3ro nxnnann morno t trt nnmt ount annnm
nnuarnnnm nctma omro xaaxra, xoroo nyxno orncrn x
oncronucxomy nnoy n nnnnna, a nna. yrnmn cnonamn, a]]xrnnno
cocroxnn nocrono rax x, xax ncrnucxn nnnaox, n, xax n on,
ncrannxr coo ocaox nocnomnnannx. crnucxn nnnaox, raxnm
oasom, moxno cannnrt co nnont oasonanntm nnnnnyantntm a]]xrom,
nomant-
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nt a]]xr - c ntaxnnm om ncrnn, cranm nacncrnnno.
ymar, uro cxasanno sct o a]]xrax xnnxrcx nnsnanntm ocroxnnm
otuno ncnxonornn. anornn, +ro nsrnxt, nosnnxmn na noun ncnxoanannsa
n nnsnannt rontxo nm. o, uro nt moxr ysnart o a]]xrax n ncnxonornn,
nannm, ronm xmca - anr (1) , xax as nx nac, ncnxoanannrnxon,
nnonxrno n n ocyxarcx. o n nam snann o a]]xrax mt rox n
cunram ount naxntm; +ro nnmt nnax nontrxa onnrnonxn n +ro rmno
onacrn. o noonxy: nam xaxrcx, uro mt snam, xaxo ann nnuarnnn
nonroxrcx nn a]]xr craxa. Mt nonaram, uro +ro nnuarnnn or axra
oxnnx, nn xoroom noncxonr raxo onnnn nnnxrntx nnuarnnn,
crmnnn x asxx ----------------------------------------
(1) ornacno xonnnnnn xmca - anr (no nmnn amnxancxoro ncnxonora V.
xmca n arcxoro anaroma K. anr), ntnnnyro n 0-x rr. nomnoro nxa,
nnnuntmn xnnxmrcx nsmnnnx n orannsm, nronuntmn - cocroxnnx, xorot
nxnnamrcx cyxrom n nn +monn.
noro cocroxnnx craxa rax ocnonarntno nomno n orannsm naroax
cxonunomy xy noxonnn, uro orntnt nnnnn n moxr nsxart
a]]xra craxa, ax cnn on, xax nrnant Maxy], "tn ntsan ns rna
marn", r. . n snan camoro axra oxnnx. Mt n moxm cxasart, uro
xnnxrcx nooasom craxa y yrnx mnxonnrammnx xnnorntx. Mt raxx n
snam, xaxo xomnnxc omymnn y +rnx cosann +xnnnannrn nammy craxy.
Moxr trt, nam nnrcno yr ycntmart, xax moxno nnrn x mtcnn, uro
axr oxnnx xnnxrcx ncrounnxom n nooasom a]]xra craxa. Vmosnn
nnnnmano n +rom camo nsnaunrntno yuacrn: cxo, x nosanmcrnonan +ro
y nannnoro mtmnnnx naoa. Kora mnoro nr romy nasa mt, monot
ontnnunt naun, cnnn sa onntm cronom n croan, accncrnr
axymcxo xnnnnxn accxasan, xaxax ncnax ncronx nonsomna na nocnnm
+xsamn axymox. ny xannarxy cnocnnn, uro snaunr, xora nn oax n
orxoxm xnxocrn onayxnnarcx Mekonium (nnoont xan, +xcxmnrt),
n ona, n saymtnaxct, ornrnna, uro nox ncntrtnar crax. ocmxnn
n csann. o x n rnynn ymn ncran na croony n nauan oratnartcx,
uro ncuacrnax xnmnna ns naoa nannntntm uyrtm orxtna naxnym cnxst.
nt nm x nnornucxomy craxy: xaxn ]omt noxnnnnx n
ornomnnx nmr crax y nnnoontntx? yr moxno mnoro onncart.
o-nntx, mt naxonm omym oxsnnnocrt, rax cxasart, cnoont crax,
roront nnnxsartcx x nmomy on nnn mn noxoxmmy coxannm
ncrannnnx, oxastnammn nnnxnn na cyxnn, ntnammn oxnannx,
nocrrax nmo cnyua, urot narn c onanann. Mt nastnam +ro
cocroxnn "craxom oxnannx" nnn "oxsnnntm oxnannm". nna, craammn
+rnm
craxom, ncra nnnxr ns ncx nosmoxnocr camym cramnym, cunramr
nmym cnyuanocrt nncrnnxom ncuacrtx, ncnontsymr nmym nynnnocrt
n ynom cmtcn. xnonnocrt x raxomy oxnannm ncuacrtx xax ura
xaaxra ncruarcx y mnornx nm, xorotx nntsx nasnart ontntmn, nx
cunramr cnnmxom oxsnnntmn nnn nccnmncrnuntmn; no notunax crnnt
craxa oxnannx ncra nmr ornomnn x nnnomy saonnannm, xoroo x
nasnan "nnosom craxa" n nnuncnxm x axryantntm nnosam.
roax ]oma craxa, n nornnononoxnocrt rontxo uro onncanno, ncnxnucxn
on cnxsana n connna c onnnntmn oxramn nnn cnryannxmn. 3ro
crax n ]om usntuano mnorooasntx n uacro ount cranntx "]on".
rnnn Xonn, nnnt amnxancxn ncnxonor, nsxn na cx ry ncrannrt
nam nct x +rnx ]on no nnnxonnntmn rucxnmn nasnannxmn. 3ro
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snyunr xax nuncnnn cxrn rnnrcxnx xasn, no rontxo nx uncno
snaunrntno nntmar cxrt. ocnymar, uro rontxo n moxr crart
oxrom nnn coxannm ]onn: rmnora, cnoono nocrancrno, orxtrt
nnoman, xomxn, nayxn, rycnnnt, smn, mtmn, rosa, ocrt nmrt,
xont, saxtrt nommnnx, unonucxax ronna, onnoucrno, nxo
mocron, nosxa no mom, no xnsno oor n r. . n nno nontrx
connrnonartcx n +rom cymy moxno asnnunrt rn rynnt. xorot ns
oxron n cnryann, nnymammnx crax, n nx nac, nomantntx nm,
xnnxmrcx um-ro xyrxnm, nmmr ornomnn x onacnocrn, n no+romy +rn ]onn
xaxyrcx nam nonxrntmn, xorx n nynnnunntmn no cno cnn. ax,
ontmnncrno ns nac ncntrtnar uyncrno ornamnnx nn ncru co sm.
uonx sm, moxno cxasart, omunonucxax, n
. annn ount xxo onncan, xax on n mor nooort crax n
nnnnxammcx sm, xorx snan, uro samnmn or n roncrtm crxnom. Ko
nroo rynn mt ornocnm cnyuan, nmmmn ornomnn x onacnocrn, n xorotx,
onaxo, mt nnntxnn n nnanart snaunnx n n ntnnrart na nnt
nnan. ma ornocnrcx ontmnncrno cnryarnnntx ]on. Mt snam, uro nn
nosx no xnsno oor nosnnxar ontm nosmoxnocr nx ncuacrnoro
cnyuax, um oma, a nmnno noxrnocrt xnsnoooxnoro xymnnx; mt snam
raxx, uro xoant moxr norn xo ny, n nn +rom, xax nannno, nmn
ronyr, no mt n ymam o +rnx onacnocrxx n s craxa nyrmcrnym no
xnsno oor n no mom. ntsx raxx ornnart nosmoxnocrt nannx n
xy, cnn mocr yxnr n ror momnr, xora ro nxonmt, no +ro
cnyuarcx rax xo, uro n nnnnmarcx no nnnmann xax onacnocrt.
onnoucrno nmr cnon onacnocrn, n mt nsram ro nn nsncrntx
ocroxrntcrnax; no n moxr trt n un o rom, urot mt n mornn ro
ntncrn nn xaxnx-ro ycnonnxx n ncro nnmt na nxoroo nmx. o x camo
ornocnrcx x unonucxo ronn, saxtromy nommnnm, ros n r. n. ro nac
noaxar n +rnx ]onxx nnornxon - rax +ro noom n crontxo nx
coxann, cxontxo nnrncnnnocrt. rax ]on nxmo nonncym! nno as
y nac cxnatnarcx nnuarnnn, yro nnornxn oxrcx nonc n rx nm
n cnryann, xorot nn nsncrntx ocroxrntcrnax n y nac moryr ntsnart
crax, a rx, xorot onn nastnamr rmn x nmnamn.
crarcx rrtx rynna ]on, xorot mt noom n moxm nonxrt. cnn
xnxn nsocnt myxunna n moxr or craxa nrn ynnny nnn nnomat
xoomo my snaxomoro onoro rooa, cnn soonax, xoomo asnnrax
xnmnna nnaar n ccosnarntnt
crax, noromy uro xomxa xocnynact xax nnartx nnn us xomnary
nommtrnyna mtmt, ro xaxym x mt moxm sct ycranonnrt cnxst c
onacnocrtm, xoroax, ounnno, nc-raxn cymcrnyr nx craammnx ]onxmn?
ornocxmnxcx cma cnyuaxx ]onn xnnorntx n moxr trt n un o
omunonucxnx anrnnarnxx, noromy uro, xax t nx moncrannn
nornnononoxnoro, ncruarcx mnoxcrno nm, xorot n moryr norn
mnmo xomxn, urot n nomannrt n n nornanrt. Mtmt, xoroym rax oxrcx
xnmnnt, n ro x nmx cnyxnr nyumnm nacxarntntm nmnm; nnax nymxa, c
yonontcrnnm cnymax, xax nastnar rax nmnmt, c yxacom ncxnxnnar,
xora nnnr mnno manntxo cymcrno c +rnm nmnm. ornomnnn myxunnt,
craammro craxom ynnn nnn nnoma, mt moxm art nncrnnno
oxcnnn, uro on nr cx, xax manntxn nox. naroax nocnnrannm
nxa nnoccrnnno nnyuamr nsrart raxnx onacntx cnryann, n nam
aroa]onx crnnrntno ocnooxarcx or craxa, cnn ro xro-nnyt
cononoxar nn nxo us nnomat.
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onncannt sct ]omt craxa, cnoont crax oxnannx n crax,
cnxsannt c ]onxmn, nsanncnmt yr or yra.
nn n xnnxrcx on ntcoxo crynntm asnnrnx yroro, onn ncruamrcx
nmcr rontxo n nn ncxnmunnx n ro xax t cnyuano. amax cnntnax omax
oxsnnnocrt n oxsarntno noxnnxrcx n ]onxx; nnna, ncx xnsnt xorotx
orannuna aroa]on, moryr trt conmnno cnoont or
nccnmncrnucxoro craxa oxnannx. xorot ]onn, nannm crax
nnoma, crax n xnsno ooro, nnoramrcx, ccnono, nnmt n
snt rot, yrn, xax crax n rmnoro, roso, xnnorntmn,
no-nnnmomy, cymcrnonann c camoro nauana. raxn
nnoro oa noxoxn na rxxnt onsnn; nocnnn xaxyrcx cxo
crannocrxmn, xannsamn. V roro, xro onayxnnar +rn nocnnn, xax
nannno, moxno nnonoxnrt n yrn, ananornunt. onxn nnannrt, uro
nc +rn ]onn mt ornocnm x ncrnn craxa, r. . accmarnnam nx xax
saonnann, ocrnnno nsncrno xonncnonno ncrnn.
rtx ns ]om nnornucxoro craxa crannr nac n ro saraxo, uro mt
nonnocrtm rxm ns nny cnxst mxy craxom n yroxamm onacnocrtm. 3ror
crax noxnnxrcx, nannm, nn ncrnn, cononoxax ncrnucxn
cnmnromt, nnn n nmtx ycnonnxx nosyxnnx, xora mt, nana, mornn t
oxnart a]]xrnnntx noxnnnn, no rontxo n a]]xra craxa, nnn n nn
nncryna cnoonoro craxa, nsanncnmoro or xaxnx-nno ycnonn n onnaxono
nnonxrnoro xax nx nac, rax n nx ontnoro. xaxo-ro onacnocrn n
xaxom-ro nono, xorot mor t trt asyr o n nynnnunnm, nonc
n moxr trt un. o nmx +rnx cnonranntx nncrynon mt ysnam, uro
xomnnxc, nastnamt namn cocroxnnm craxa, cnocon acxonortcx na
uacrn. ct nnnaox moxr trt ncrannn orntntm, nnrncnnno
ntaxnntm cnmnromom - oxtm, rononoxyxnnm, cnnnnm, otmxo, -
a otuno uyncrno, no xoroomy mt ysnam crax, - orcyrcrnonart nnn trt
nxcntm, n nc x +rn cocroxnnx, onncannt namn xax "+xnnnannrt craxa",
no ncx xnnnnucxnx +rnonornucxnx ornomnnxx moxno nnannxrt x craxy.
nt nosnnxamr na nonoca. Moxno nn nnornucxn crax, nn xoroom
onacnocrt n nrar nnxaxo onn nnn nrar cront nsnaunrntnym ont,
nnncrn n cnxst c antntm craxom, ncra xnnxmmnmcx axnn na
onacnocrt? xax cnyr nonnmart nnornucxn crax? oxa mt ym
nn-
xnnartcx nnonoxnnx: ram, r crt crax, onxno trt raxx uro-ro,
uro nmn oxrcx.
nx nonnmannx nnornucxoro craxa xnnnnucxo nanmnn ar nam
nxorot yxasannx, snaunnx xorotx x xorn t nam nsnoxnrt.
a) ryno ycranonnrt, uro crax oxnannx, nnn omax oxsnnnocrt,
naxonrcx n rcno sanncnmocrn or onnnntx nonccon n cxcyantno
xnsnn, cxaxm, or onnnnoro ncnontsonannx nnno. amt nocro n
noyunrntnt nnm +roro oa amr nam nnna, nonrammncx rax
nastnamomy nnonnomy nosyxnnm, r. . y xorotx cnntnt cxcyantnt
nosyxnnx n naxoxr ocrarounoro ntxoa, n ocrnramr yonnrnoxmmro
xonna. ax tnar, nannm, y myxunn no nmx xnnxoncrna n y xnmnn,
myxtx xorotx nocrarouno nornrnt nnn ns ocrooxnocrn coxamamr nnn
ntnamr nonono axr. +rnx ycnonnxx nnnosno nosyxnn ncusar, a
nmcro nro noxnnxrcx crax xax n ]om craxa oxnannx, rax n n ]om
nnnaxon n nx +xnnnannron. tnann nononoro axra ns ocrooxnocrn,
cran cxcyantntm xnmom, rax uacro cranonnrcx nnunno nnosa craxa y
myxunn, no oconno y xnmnn, uro no nauno naxrnx xomnyrcx n
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raxnx cnyuaxx n nnym out nccnonart +ry +rnonornm. n +rom moxno
cuncnnno mnoxcrno as ynrtcx, uro xora nxamamrcx cxcyantnt
orxnonnnx, nnos craxa ncusar.
uaxr nnunnno cnxsn mxy cxcyantntm nosxannm n cocroxnnm craxa,
nacxontxo mn nsncrno, on n ocnannarcx ax nauamn, xorot anxn
or ncnxoanannsa. naxo mory c xoomo ncrannrt, uro yr cnana
nontrxa nnnyrt ornomnn n samnmart mnnn, uro ut nr o nnnax,
nsnauantno cxnonntx x oxsnnnocrn n no+romy cxanntx n cxcyantnom
ornomnnn. o nornn +roro
co nc mnrntnocrtm rononr nonnn xnmnn, cxcyantnt noxnnnnx
xorotx, n cymnocrn, naccnnnt no nno, r. . onnxmrcx oamnnm co
croont myxunnt. m xnmnna rmnamnrn, um on cxnonna x nonontm
cnomnnxm n on cnocona x yonnrnonnm, rm cxo ona yr
arnonart craxom na nmnornnnm myxunnt nnn na coitus interruptus,*
mxy rm xax ro x camo y xonontx n nononom ornomnnn n manonnnosntx
xnmnn nrar roaso mntmym ont.
o x camo snaunn nx nosnnxnonnnx cocroxnn craxa nmr rax roxuo
xomnymo n nacroxm nmx nauamn cxcyantno nosxann,
asymrcx, nnmt n rx cnyuaxx, xora nnno, xoroomy orxasano n
yonnrnoxmmm ntxo, n coornrcrnymm crnnn cnntno n n naorano
no ontm uacrn nyrm cynnmannn. mammnm momnrom nx coomnn nam
anxo n nc nanmnnx, nornxammn rnrnucxym cnxst mxy nnno n
craxom. ma m ornocnrcx, nannm, nnnxnn na nosnnxnonnn craxa
onnnntx nnoon xnsnn, xorotm moxno nnnncart snaunrntno
nontmnn noyxnnn nnno, xax, nannm, nnoa nonono
- ---------------------------------------
* nannt nonono axr (nar.) - nm. n.
snocrn n mnonayst. nxorotx cocroxnnxx nosyxnnx moxno
nnoccrnnno nanmart cmmnn nnno n craxa n n xonn xonnon
sammnn nnno craxom. nuarnnn or ncx +rnx ]axron noxxo:
no-nntx, uro no nr o naxonnnnn nnno, xoroo nnmarcx cnoro
nomantnoro nnmnnnx, no-nrotx, uro nn +rom naxonmtcx ncxnmunrntno n
onacrn comarnucxnx nonccon. Kax ns nnno nosnnxar crax, cnauana n
xcno, xoncrarnymt rontxo, uro nnno nonaar, a na ro mcr
noxnnxrcx crax.
) roo yxasann mt m ns anannsa ncnxonnoson, n uacrnocrn ncrnn.
Mt cntmann, uro nn +rom saonnannn nxo nacrynar crax n
cononoxnnn cnmnromon, no raxx n ncnxsannt crax, noxnnxmmncx n
nn nnnaxa nnn nnrntnoro cocroxnnx. ontnt n moryr cxasart, uro
onn oxrcx, n cnxstnamr ro nyrm xnno nronuno oaorxn c noxoxmnmn
]onxmn, rnna ]on cmrn, cymacmcrnnx, yaa. cnn mt nonrnm
anannsy cnryannm, ntcrynnnmym ncrounnxom craxa, nnn cononoxamt
craxom cnmnromt, ro, xax nannno, moxm yxasart, xaxo nomantnt
ncnxnucxn noncc n cocroxncx n sammn ]nomnom craxa. tasnmcx
nnau: mt cronm ccosnarntnt noncc rax, xax yro on n nonrancx
ntrcnnnm n cnnxrcrnnno noonxancx n cosnannn. 3ror noncc rox
cononoxancx t onnnntm a]]xrom, n ryr mt ysnam, x cnomy
ynnnnnm, uro +ror cononoxammn nomantnt noncc a]]xr nocn
ntrcnnnx n nmom cnyua sammarcx craxom nsanncnmo or cnoro
xaucrna. nonarntno, cnn n namn ncrnucxo cocroxnn craxa, ro
ro ccosnarntnt xonxr moxr trt noxnnnnm cxonoro uyncrna, r.
. craxa, crta, cmymnnx, no rouno rax x nonoxnrntntm nnnosntm
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nosyxnnm nnn naxno-arc-
cnnntm no xocrn n ocat. axnm oasom, crax xnnxrcx xoxo
monro, na xoroym mnxmrcx nnn moryr omnnnartcx nc a]]xrt, cnn
coornrcrnymm coxann ncrannnnx nonxnr ntrcnnnm.
n) rn ]axr mt nanmam y ontntx c nanxsunntmn crnnxmn, xorotx
crax ynnnrntntm oasom xax yro t nomann. o cnn mt nonoym
nommart nm ncnonnnrt nx nanxsunno crnn, nx ymtnann, nx nmonnan,
nnn cnn onn camn mamrcx na nontrxy orxasartcx or xaxo-nno ns cnonx
nanxsunnocr, ro yxacnt crax sacrannxr nx nounnnrtcx +ro
nanxsunnocrn. Mt nonnmam, uro crax tn nnxtr nanxsunntm crnnm n
ono ntnonnxnoct nnmt nx roro, urot nsxart craxa. n nnos
nanxsunntx cocroxnn crax, xorot onxn tn t nosnnxnyrt, sammarcx
oasonannm cnmnromon, a cnn mt oarnmcx x ncrnn, ro nn +rom nnos
nam ananornuno ornomnn: syntrarom noncca ntrcnnnx yr nnn
asnnrn uncroro craxa, nnn craxa c oasonannm cnmnromon, nnn on
conmnno oasonann cnmnromon s craxa. ax uro n ornnunnom
cmtcn, no-nnnmomy, nannntn cxasart, uro cnmnromt noom oasymrcx
nnmt nx roro, urot oorn nnsxno n nornnnom cnyua asnnrn craxa.
naroax raxomy nonnmannm crax xax t oxastnarcx n nnr namro
nnrca x nonmam nnoson.
s nanmnn sa nnosom craxa mt saxnmunnn, uro ornnunn nnno or
ro nomantnoro nnmnnnx, ns-sa uro nosnnxar crax, noncxonr na
noun comarnucxnx nonccon. s anannson ncrnn n nnosa nanxsunntx
cocroxnn cnyr oannnn, uro raxo x ornnunn c rm x syntrarom
moxr ntsnart raxx orxas ncnxnucxnx nncrannn. or nc, uro mt snam o
nosnnxnonnnn nnornucxoro cra-
xa; +ro snyunr m onontno nonnnno. o noxa x n nnxy nyrn, xorot
nn t nac antm. roym nocrannnnym n namn saauy - ycranonnrt
cnxst mxy nnornucxnm craxom, xnnxmmnmcx nnomantno ncnontsonanntm
nnno, n antntm craxom, xorot coornrcrnyr axnnn na onacnocrt,
xaxrcx, m ryn mnrt. Xornoct t ymart, uro ut nr o
conmnno asntx nmax, onaxo y nac nr ccrna ornnunrt no omymnnm
antnt n nnornucxn crax yr or yra.
cxomax cnxst naxonn ycranannnnarcx, cnn mt nnonoxnm nannun uacro
yrnxanmcx nornnononoxnocrn mxy n nnno. Kax mt snam, asnnrn
craxa xnnxrcx axnn na onacnocrt n cnrnanom nx oamnnx n
rcrno; no+romy nx nac crcrnnno nnonoxnrt, uro nn nnornucxom
crax nnnnnmar raxym nontrxy rcrna or ronann cnoro nnno,
ornocxct x +ro nnyrnn onacnocrn rax, xax cnn t ona tna nnmn.
3rnm onantnarcx nnonoxnn, uro ram, r noxnnxrcx crax, crt
raxx ro, uro nmn oxrcx. o ananornm moxno tno t noncrn antm.
oono romy xax nontrxa rcrna or nnmn onacnocrn cmnxrcx croxocrtm
n nncooasntmn mamn samnrt, rax n asnnrn nnornucxoro craxa
ycrynar oasonannm cnmnromon, xoroo cxontnar crax.
nt n noncc nonnmannx nosnnxar yro sarynnn. rax,
osnauammn rcrno or cnoro nnno, cam, onaxo, noncxonr ns +roro
nnno. 3ro nxcno n nanomnnar o rom, uro, n cymnocrn, nnno xaxoro-ro
nnna nnnanxnr my n n moxr nornnonocrannxrtcx xax uro-ro nnmn.
3ro m rmnax nx nac onacrt ronnucxo nnamnxn asnnrnx craxa,
nnsncrno, xaxn nn +rom acxoymrcx ymnnt +nrnn n ns xaxnx
ncnxnucxnx cncrm. n mory
omart nam ornrnrt n na +rn nonoct, no n ym ynycxart nosmoxnocrt
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norn no nym yrnm nyrxm n nocnontsymcx nn +rom cnona nnoccrnnntm
nanmnnm n anannrnucxnm nccnonannm, urot nomout namnm
ymosnrntntm nsrnxam. arnmcx x nosnnxnonnnm craxa y nxa n x
noncxoxnnm nnornucxoro craxa, cnxsannoro c ]onxmn.
oxsnnnocrt r xnnxrcx um-ro nctma otuntm, n ocrarouno ryno,
no-nnnmomy, asnnunrt, nnornucxn +ro crax nnn antnt. ontm roro,
nnnocrt +roro asnnunx crannrcx no nonoc nonnnm r. oromy uro,
c ono croont, mt n ynnnxmcx, cnn nox onrcx ncx uyxnx nnn,
nontx cnryann n nmron, n ount nrxo oxcnxm c +ry axnnm ro
cnaocrtm n nsnannm. axnm oasom, mt nnnnctnam nxy cnntnym
cxnonnocrt x antnomy craxy n cunrann t nnonn nncooasntm, cnn t
on nacnonan +ry oxsnnnocrt. +rom ornomnnn nox nnmt nonroxn t
nonnn nnotrnoro unonxa n conmnnoro nxax, xorot ncncrnn
cnoro nsnannx n cnomomnocrn onrcx ncro nonoro n mnororo roro, uro n
nacroxm nmx nam snaxomo n yx n nnymar craxa. nammy oxnannm
nnonn coornrcrnonano t, cnn t ]onn nxa xorx t oruacrn
oxastnannct rmn x, xaxn mt moxm nnonoxnrt n r nnotrnt nmna
unonucxoro asnnrnx.
yro croont, nntsx n samrnrt, uro n nc rn oxsnnnt n anno
m n uro xax as r rn, xorot noxnnxmr ocoym nyrnnnocrt n
ncnosmoxntmn oxramn n cnryannxmn, nnocncrnnn oxastnamrcx nnntmn.
nornucxax nacnonoxnnocrt noxnnxrcx, raxnm oasom, n n xnno
cxnonnocrn x antnomy craxy, oxsnnnocrt xaxrcx um-ro nnnuntm, n
nnxonmt x saxnmunnm, uro nox,
a nosn noocrox onrcx nnrncnnnocrn cnoro nnno nmnno noromy, uro
ncro onrcx. osnnxnonnn craxa ns nnno rm camtm xax t ornnarcx,
a cnn nocnnrt ycnonnx nosnnxnonnnx antnoro craxa, ro
nocnonarntno moxno nnrn x mnnnm, uro cosnann cocrnnno cnaocrn n
cnomomnocrn - nnonnonnnocrn, no rmnnonornn . na, - xnnxrcx
xonuno nnunno nnosa, cnn +ro cosnann nxonr ns rcxoro nnoa
n on snt nosacr.
3ro snyunr rax nocro n noxynamm, uro nmr nano na nam nnnmann.
ana, +ro nncno t asmnn saraxn nnosnocrn n yrym
nnocxocrt. oxannn uyncrna nnonnonnnocrn - ac nnm n ycnonnx |201|
ryannn nonroxrcx ycnonn nt ]onn cnryann y r - +ro crax n
rmnoro n onnoucrnom; nnt uacro coxanxrcx na ncm xnsnt, n oonx
cnyuaxx orcyrcrnyr nmnmo nnno, xoroo sa nnm yxaxnnar, r. . mart.
cntman, xax nox, oxnmncx rmnort, xnuan n cocnmm xomnary: "rx,
noronon co mno, mn cramno". - "o uro r or +roro? t x mnx n
nnnmt". a uro nox ornuar: "Kora xro-ro rononr, cranonnrcx
cnrn". ocxa n rmnor noasyrcx, raxnm oasom, n crax n
rmnoro. Mt anxn or roro, urot cunrart nnornucxn crax nnmt
nronuntm n ocotm cnyuam antnoro craxa, cxo, mt yxamcx, uro y
manntxoro nxa n nn antnoro craxa noxnnxrcx nuro raxo, uro
nmr c nnornucxnm craxom cymcrnnnym omym ury - nosnnxnonnn ns
nncnontsonannoro nnno. acroxmn antnt crax nox xax yro mano
ncntrtnar. o ncx cnryannxx, xorot nosn moryr crart ycnonnxmn
- ---------------------------------------
(1) 3naunn ornnnx or marn xax ]axroa, nnnxmmro na nosnnxnonnn
craxa, nsnararcx n aor ua "omoxnn, cnmnrom n crax" (1926).
nocr. n yr rart no xam not, nnsart na xanns oxna, nrart c
ocrtmn nmramn n c ornm, xoou, nart nc, uro moxr my nonnrt
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n ntsnart cnoxocrno nxnx. cnn n xonn xonnon y nro noctnarcx
antnt crax, ro +ro, ncomnnno, no nocnnrannx, rax xax nntsx
nosnonnrt, urot on nayunncx ncmy na cocrnnnom ontr.
cnn ncruamrcx rn, xorot nyr antm no nyrn +roro nocnnrannx craxa
n camn sarm naxoxr onacnocrn, o xorotx nx n nynxann, ro n
ornomnnn nnx nnonn ocrarouno oxcnnnx, uro n nx xoncrnrynnn nmnoct
ontm xonnucrno nnnosno nornocrn nnn uro onn nxnmnno tnn
nsanonant nnnosntm yonnrnonnm. ynnnrntno, uro cn +rnx r
naxoxrcx n yymn nnnoontnt: nt mt snam, uro nosnnxnonnn
nnosa ontm ncro oycnonnnnarcx ncnoconocrtm nnrntno nmx
ntnocnrt snaunrntno naxonnnn nnno. t samuar, uro n
xoncrnrynnonantnt momnr nonyuar nn +rom cnon nana, xorx n nnx my,
nana, mt nnxora n orxastnann. Mt nosaxam nnmt nornn roro, uro ns-sa
+roro nnrxsannx nnramr ncmn yrnmn n nnoxr xoncrnrynnonantnt
]axro ax ram, r my, cornacno omnm syntraram nanmnnx n anannsa,
n mcro nno on sannmar no snaunmocrn camo nocnn mcro.
osnontr nam oomnrt cnnnx ns nanmnn o oxsnnnocrn r:
nn]anrnntnt crax nmr ount mano omro c antntm craxom n, naooor,
ount nnsox x nnornucxomy craxy nsocntx. Kax n nocnnn, on
nosnnxar ns nncnontsonannoro nnno n sammar nocrammn oxr nmnn
nnmnnm nmrom nnn cnryann.
nt nt c yonontcrnnm ycntmnr, uro ananns ]on n moxr art mnoro
nonoro. n nnx, cocrnnno, noncxonr ro x camo, uro nn rcxom
crax:
nncnontsonanno nnno cntnno nnamarcx n xaxymncx antntm
crax, n raxnm oasom manmax nnmnxx onacnocrt sammar ronannx
nnno. +rom coornrcrnnn nr nnuro crannoro, noromy uro rcxn ]onn
xnnxmrcx n rontxo nooasom on nosnnx, nnuncnxmtx namn x ncrnn
craxa, no n nnoccrnnno nx nnoctnxo n nnmn. max
ncrnucxax ]onx nocxonr x rcxomy craxy n noonxar ro, ax cnn
ona nmr yro coxann n, cnonarntno, onxna trt nnau nasnana.
asnnun oonx saonnann xorcx n |204|
rm x nsanncnmo or roro, cosnarntno ono nnn ccosnarntno; mt moxm
yxasart, uro coornrcrnyr ccosnarntnomy ncrannnnm. o o a]]xr,
xnnxmmmcx nonccom asxxn cxasan, uro nnamnn n crax, nnn,
nyum, asxxa (AIuhr) n ]om craxa xnnxrcx nnxam yuacrtm
nonrnyroro ntrcnnnm nnno. onxn oannrt: n nncrnnno nnn
oxonuarntno. n nnosax asnnnamrcx noncct, crmxmncx cnxsart +ro
asnnrn craxa, n +ro nm yarcx asnnuntmn nyrxmn. n ]onxx, nannm,
moxno xcno asnnunrt n ]ast nnornucxoro noncca. nax ocymcrnnxr
ntrcnnn n nno nnno n crax, cnxsannt c nnmn onacnocrtm.
roax saxnmuarcx n ntnnxnnn ncx rx nocrooxnocr n
nynxnn, naroax umy nornamarcx cronxnonnn c +ro
onacnocrtm, xoroax cunrarcx nnmn. trcnnn coornrcrnyr nontrx
rcrna or nnno, nocnnnnmamoro xax onacnocrt. uonm moxno cannnrt c
oxonom nornn nnmn onacnocrn, xoroym rnt ncrannxr coo
nnymamm crax nnno. naocrt cncrmt samnrt nn ]onxx saxnmuarcx,
xonuno, n rom, uro xnocrt, nacrontxo yxnnnnax c nnmn croont,
ocrarcx orxtro nx nanannx c nnyrnn. oxnnx nnnosno
onacnocrn nonn nnxora n moxr yacrcx nnonn. o+romy nn yrnx
nnosax ynornxmrcx yrn cncrmt samnrt nornn nosmoxnoro asnnrnx
craxa. 3ro ount nnrcnax onacrt ncnxonornn nnoson, x
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coxannnm, ona ynr nac cnnmxom anxo n nnonarar on
ocnonarntnt cnnnantnt snannx. xouy oannrt m rontxo ono. yx
rononn nam o "nornnocrnnn",* x xoroomy nnrar nn ntrcnnnn n
onxno nocroxnno ro noxnnart, urot ntrcnnn ocymcrnnnoct. a +ro
nornnocrnn nosnararcx mnccnx nonnornrt n xnsnt asnnunt ]omt
samnrt nornn asnnrnx craxa nocn ntrcnnnx.
nmcx x ]onxm. nt, noxany, x mory cxasart; nt nonnmar,
nacxontxo nocrarouno oxcnxrt nx rontxo coxannm, nnrcyxct nnmt
rm, orxya noncxonr ro, uro ror nnn nno oxr nnn xaxax-ro cnryannx
cranonnrcx nmrom ]onn. oxann ]onn nmr nx n nnmno ro x
snaunn, xaxo xnnax uacrt cnonnnnx nx ncro cnonnnnx. onmax
noxonmt orannunnx, cnyr nnsnart, uro cn +rnx coxann ]on
naxoxrcx raxn, xorot, xax nouxnnar rnnn Xonn (1), moryr crart
oxramn craxa naroax ]nnornrnucxomy ynacnonannm. +rnm
cornacyrcx n ro, uro mnorn ns +rnx nnymammnx crax nm moryr nmrt c
onacnocrtm rontxo cnmnonnucxym cnxst.
ax mt ynnnct, xaxo, moxno cxasart, nnrantno mcro cn nonocon
ncnxonornn nnoson sannmar nonma craxa. a nac nonsnno cnntno
nnuarnnn ro, nacxontxo asnnrn craxa cnxsano c cytamn nnno n c
cncrmo ccosnarntnoro. ontxo onn momnr mt nocnnnnmam xax
ntnaammn ns
- ---------------------------------------
* "Konrsanonnnnx" (1) Xonn rnnn (144-1924) - amnxancxn ncnxonor.
crannrnt ]ynxnnonantnoro nanannnnx. acnocrannn nornrnucxn
saxon (cm. ntm) na asnnrn rcxo ncnxnxn. o nnnnnarnn rnnn Xonna
u tn nnrnamn nx urnnx nxnn n , r ro ncnxoananns nnnt
nonyunn nnsnann.
cnxsn, xax non n namm nonnmannn, - +ro ror ryno ocnannamt ]axr,
uro antnt crax onxn accmarnnartcx xax noxnnnn nncrnnxron
camocoxannnx .
H KH
onx nnno n nannccnsm
Vnaxamt amt n rocnoa! Mt nonoxarno n nnmt nanno nnont nmnn no
c asnnnm nncrnnxron n cxcyantntx nnunn. nauana ntrcnnn nam
noxasano, uro onn moryr ncrynnrt n nornnoun yr c yrom, uro sarm,
]omantno noxnnt, cxcyantnt nnunnx ntnyxnt nonyuart
yonnrnonn rccnnntmn oxontmn nyrxmn, xomnncnyx nn +rom cno
noaxnn cno nnoonnmocrtm. an mt ysnann, uro onn c camoro nauana
no-asnomy ornocxrcx x nocnnrarntnnn-noxonmocrn, rax uro nontnamr
nonnaxono asnnrn n nmmr nonnaxono ornomnn x nnnnnny
antnocrn. axonn, mt nonaram, uro cxcyantnt nnunnx cnxsant c
a]]xrnnntm cocroxnnm craxa roaso on rcntmn ysamn, um nncrnnxrt
, - syntrar, xorot xaxrcx nnonntm rontxo n onom naxnom nynxr.
o+romy nx ro ononnnrntnoro nornxnnx mt xornm nnnnut ocront
nnnmannx ]axr, uro nyonnrnonn ronoa n xaxt, nyx camtx
+nmnrantx nncrnnxron camocoxannnx, nnxora n nr x nosnnxnonnnm
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craxa, mxy rm xax nnamnn n crax nyonnrnonnoro nnno, xax
mt snam, nnnanxnr x uncny camtx nsncrntx n uam ncro nanmamtx
]nomnon.
o nntsx ormnnrt nam nano asnxrt nncrnnxrt n cxcyantnt
nnunnx. no ano nmcr c cymcrnonannm cxcyantno xnsnn xax ocoo
xrntnocrn nnnnna. Moxno nnmt cnocnrt, xaxo snaunn mt nnam
+romy asnnnm, nacxontxo cymcrnnntm cunram ro. o ornr na +ror
nonoc yr sanncrt or onnnnx roro, nacxontxo nnau nyr cx
cxcyantnt nnunnx n comarnucxnx n ymnntx noxnnnnxx no cannnnm c
yrnmn, xorot mt nornnonocrannxm nm, n nacxontxo snaunrntnt
nocncrnnx +rnx asnnun. acrannart na cymcrnnnom, xorx n n ount
ynonnmom asnnunn onx rynn nnunn, y nac, asymrcx, nr nnxaxnx
ocnonann. rynnt ntcrynamr n namn nnmt xax nasnannx ncrounnxon
+nrnn nnnnna, n ncxyccnx o rom, xnnxmrcx nn onn n ocnon onnm n rm
x nnn cymcrnnno asnnuntm (n cnn onnm, ro r onn ornnnnct yr or
yra?), onxna ncrnct n o nonxrnxx, a o nonornucxnx ]axrax, croxmnx
sa nnmn. +rom mt noxa snam cnnmxom mano, a cnn t ax snann ontm,
ro x nam anannrnucxo saau +ro n nmno t ornomnnx.
Mt, ounnno, raxx ount mano ntnram, cnn no nnmy nra nouxnm
nnonauantno nncrno ncx nnunn n nasonm "nnno" noxnnxmmymcx no
ncm +nrnm. ax xax cxcyantnym ]ynxnnm nntsx ycrannrt ns ymnno
xnsnn nnxaxnmn ncxyccrnnntmn nnmamn, ro mt tnn t ntnyxnt rora
rononrt o cxcyantnom n acxcyantnom nnno. naxo nx nnxymnx cnn
cxcyantno xnsnn coxannm no nany, xax mt +ro n nann o cnx no,
nasnann nnno.
ymam no+romy, uro nonoc o rom, xax anxo cnyr ncrn ncomnnno
onananno asnnn na cxcyantnt nnunnx n nncrnnxrt camocoxannnx,
nx ncnxoanannsa ontmoro snaunnx n nmr, a on n n xomnrnrn n
+rom. o croont nonornn, asymrcx, crt asnnunt ocnonannx cunrart
+ro asnnn um-ro naxntm. t cxcyantnocrt - nncrnnnax ]ynxnnx
xnnoro orannsma, ntxoxmax sa nnt nnnnna n ocnunnammax ro cnxst
c nnom. comnnno, uro ntnonnnn n ncra nnnocnr nontsy
orntnomy cymcrny, xax ro yrn ]ynxnnn, a nno notxnonnno
ntcoxoro nacnaxnnx nonrar onacnocrxm, yroxammnm xnsnn n onontno
uacro nnmammnm . oxrno, noxonmt raxx conmnno ocot, ornnunt
or ncx yrnx noncct omna nmcrn, urot coxanxrt nx noromcrna
uacrt nnnnnyantno xnsnn n nn nacnonoxnn. naxonn, orntno
cymcrno, xoroo, xax yrn, cunrar cx camtm rnanntm, a cnom
cxcyantnocrt ccrnom cnoro yonnrnonnx, c nonornucxo rouxn
snnx nnmt +nnso n xy noxonnn, xarxonmnnt nnarox saotmno
nnasmt, nannno nnryantno ccmrnocrtm, noono nmnnomy
nnantny maoarnoro nmymcrna, xoroo ro nxnnar.
naxo nx ncnxoanannrnucxoro oxcnnnx nnoson n nyxnt cront mnoxn
oomnnx. nomomtm nccnonannx n orntnocrn cxcyantntx nnunn n
nncrnnxron mt namnn xnmu x nonnmannm rynnt nnoson nncnnx. Mt
cymnn oxcnnrt nx ocnonntm nonoxnnm, uro cxcyantnt nnunnx ncrynamr
n oty c nncrnnxramn coxannnx nnn, ntaxaxct nonornucxnm xstxom,
xorx n mn rouno, uro ona nosnnnx xax camocroxrntnoro orntnoro
cymcrna nornnounr yro ro nosnnnn xax snna n nnn noxonnn.
osmoxno, uro o raxoro asnonnx no oxonr rontxo y unonxa, n
no+romy n omm n nnom nnos xnnxrcx ro nnmymcrnom n-
xnnorntmn. nnmxom cnntno asnnrn ro nnno n cranm, no-nnnmomy,
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naroax +romy nosmoxntm oraro asnnrn mnorooasno ymnno xnsnn,
xax xaxrcx, cosann ycnonnx nx nosnnxnonnnx raxoro xon]nnxra.
onmnno ounnno, uro n +rom saxnmuamrcx raxx ycnonnx ro ontmnx
ycnxon, xorot nocrannnn unonxa na ro omnocrtm c xnnorntmn, rax uro
ro cnoconocrt x nnosy - +ro rontxo oarnax croona ro oannocrn n
ocrantnom. o n +ro nnmt ymosaxnmunnx, ornnxammn nac or nam saaun.
o cnx no nnoctnxo nam aort ntcrynano ro, uro mt moxm ornnunrt
yr or yra crmnnnx n cxcyantnt nnunnx no nx noxnnnnxm. n
nnosax nncnnx +ro yananoct s rya. 3nrnm, nanannxmym na
oxrt cxcyantntx crmnnn, mt nastnann "nnno", nc yrn nnt
+nrnn, ncxoxmn ns nncrnnxron camocoxannnx, - "nnrcom", n mt mornn
nonyunrt nno ncrannnn o mxannsm ymnntx cnn naroax
nanmnnm sa nnnxsannocrxmn nnno, nx nnamnnxmn n oxonuarntno
cyto. nost nncnnx nocrannnn nam nx +roro camt noxoxmn
marnan. o , ro cocran ns asnnuntx cryxry, nx orannsannx n cnoco
]ynxnnonnonannx ocranannct cxtrtmn or nac, n mt mornn nnonarart, uro
rontxo ananns yrnx nnornucxnx naymnn nomor t nam +ro nonxrt.
Mt anno nauann acnocranxrt ncnxoanannrnucxn nsrnxt na nonnmann
+rnx yrnx saonnann. Vx n 190 r. nocn omna mnnnxmn co mno K.
axam ntcxasan nonoxnn, uro rnanno uro Dementia praeco |211|
nt asnnunx ncrnn n Dementia praeco"). o rora nosnnx nonoc, uro x
noncxonr c nnno cnaoymntx, xoroo ornnynoct or oxron? axam
n samnnn art ornr: ono oamarcx na , n +ro oraxnno oamnn
xnnxrcx ncrounnxom a nnnunx nn Dementia praeco. nnnunx,
sycnonno, moxno cannnrt c nsncrno n (nomantno) nmonno xnsnn
cxcyantno nonnxo oxra nmnn. ax nam nnnt yanoct nonxrt
xaxym-ro ury ncnxornucxoro saonnannx no cnxsn c nomantno nmonno
xnsntm.
xaxy casy, uro +rn nnt nsrnxt axama coxannnnct n ncnxoananns n
tnn nonoxnt n ocnony nam nosnnnn no ornomnnm x ncnxosam. o nmnm
yxnnnoct ncrannnn, uro nnno, xoroo mt naxonm nnnxsanntm x
oxram, xoroo xnnxrcx ntaxnnm crmnnnx nonyunrt yonnrnonn
or +rnx oxron, moxr ocrannrt +rn oxrt n nocrannrt na nx mcro
cocrnnno ; nocrnnno +ro ncrannnn asnnnanoct co nc ontm
nocnonarntnocrtm. asnann nx raxoro asmmnnx nnno - nannccnsm -
mt sanmcrnonann ns onncannoro . xx (199) nsnamnnx, nn xoroom
nsocnt nnnnn anr cnomy cocrnnnomy rny nc nxnocrn, otuno
noxnnxmt x nocroonnmy cxcyantnomy oxry.
o ncxo rononmt c, uro cnn cymcrnyr raxax ]nxcannx nnno na
cocrnnnom rn n cocrnnno nnunocrn nmcro oxra, ro +ro n moxr
trt ncxnmunrntntm n manonaxntm xnnnnm. Ioaso noxrn, uro +ror
nannccnsm - om n nnonauantno cocroxnn, ns xorooro rontxo nosn
asnnnact nmont x oxry, nnum ns-sa +roro nannccnsm nonc n onxn
ncusnyrt. s ncronn asnnrnx oxr-nnno nyxno ncnomnnrt, uro mnorn
cxcy-
antnt nnunnx cnauana yonnrnoxmrcx na cocrnnnom rn, xax mt
rononm, ayro+ornucxn, n uro +ra cnoconocrt x ayro+ornsmy xnnxrcx
nnunno orcranannx asnnrnx cxcyantnocrn nn nocnnrannn no nnnnnny
antnocrn. axnm oasom, ayro+ornsm tn cxcyantntm noxnnnnm
nannccrnucxo crann asmmnnx nnno.
Koou ronox, mt cocrannnn c ncrannnn o ornomnnn .-nnno n
oxr-nnno, xoroo x mory noxasart nam narnxno na cannnnn ns
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soonornn. cnomnnr o rx nocrmnx xnntx cymcrnax, cocroxmnx ns
manon]]nnnonannoro xomouxa noronnasmarnucxo cycrannnn. nn
norxrnnamr orocrxn, nastnamt ncnononxmn, n xorot nnnnamr
cycrannnm cnoro rna. trxrnnann orocrxon mt cannnnam c
acnocrannnm nnno na oxrt, mxy rm xax ocnonno xonnucrno
nnno moxr ocranartcx n , n mt nnonaram, uro n nomantntx ycnonnxx
-nnno cnnxrcrnnno nxonr n oxr-nnno, a ono onxrt moxr
nnyrtcx n .
nomomtm +rnx ncrannnn mt rnt moxm oxcnnrt nnt x ymnntx
cocroxnn nnn, ntaxaxct cxomn, onncart nx na xstx ronn nnno; +ro
cocroxnnx, xorot mt onxnt nnuncnnrt x nomantno xnsnn, xax, nannm,
ncnxnucxo nonnn nn nnmnnnocrn, nn orannucxom saonnannn, no
cn. nx cocroxnnx cna mt cnann nnonoxnn, uro ono ocnonano na yxo
or nnmnro mna n ycranonx na xnann cnart. o, uro noxnnxnoct no cn
xax nounax ymnnax xrntnocrt, cnyxnr, xax mt onayxnm, xnannm cnart
n, xom roro, naxonrcx no nnacrn ncxnmunrntno +roncrnucxnx mornnon.
nt n coornrcrnnn c ron nnno mt saxnnxm, uro con crt
cocroxnn, n xoroom nc nnnxsannocrn x oxram, xax nnnosnt, rax n
+roncrnucxn,
ocrannxmrcx n nosnamamrcx n . nonnnarcx nn +rnm nont cnr na ortx
no cn n na nnoy ycranocrn noom? nuarnnn naxnno nsonxnnn no
nnyrnyrono xnsnn, xoroo ntstnar y nac cnxmn xaxym nout,
nocnonnxrcx, raxnm oasom, n co croont ncnxnxn. V cnxmro
noccranonnnoct nnotrno cocroxnn acnnnnx nnno, nonnt
nannccnsm, nn xoroom nnno n nnrc xnnyr m nmcr n nasntno
n camoyonnrnoxmmmcx .
3ct ymcrnt na samuannx. o-nntx, um ornnuamrcx nonxrnx nannccnsm
n +ronsm? nonaram, uro nannccnsm xnnxrcx nnnosntm ononnnnm
+ronsma. Kora ronoxr o +ronsm, nmmr n nny rontxo nontsy nx
nnnnna: ronox o nannccnsm, nnnnmamr no nnnmann n ro nnnosno
yonnrnonn. xaucrn naxrnucxnx mornnon nx moxno nocnnrt
noosnt na nnom x xnnnn. Moxno trt aconmrno +roncrnuntm n nc-raxn
nmrt cnntnt nnnosnt nnnxsannocrn x oxram, nocxontxy nnnosno
yonnrnonn or oxra ornocnrcx x nornocrxm . 3ronsm yr cnnrt
rora sa rm, urot crmnnn x oxry n nnunnnno na . Moxno trt
+roncrnuntm n nn +rom raxx ount nannccrnuntm, r. . nmrt ount
nsnaunrntnym nornocrt n oxr, n +ro onxrt-raxn nnn n nxmom
cxcyantnom yonnrnonnn, nnn raxx n rx ntcoxnx, ncxoxmnx ns
cxcyantno nornocrn crmnnnxx, xorot mt xax "nmont" nnora nmm
otxnonnn nornnonocrannxrt "uyncrnnnocrn". o ncx +rnx ornomnnxx
+ronsm xnnxrcx camo coo asymmmnmcx, nocroxnntm, nannccnsm x -
mnxmmnmcx +nmnrom. ornnononoxnocrt +ronsma - antrynsm - xax nonxrn
n connaar c nnnosno nnnxsannocrtm x oxram, on ornnuarcx or n
orcyrcrnnm crmnnn x cxcyantnomy yonnrnonnm. o nn
cnntno nnmnnnocrn antrynsm connaar c nnnosno nnnxsannocrtm x
oxram. txnonnno cxcyantnt oxr nnnnxar x c uacrt
nannccnsma , uro cranonnrcx samrntm no rax nastnamo "cxcyantno
nonnx" oxra. cnn x +romy nnannxrcx m antryncrnucxo
nncnn or +ronsma na cxcyantnt oxr, ro cxcyantnt oxr
cranonnrcx morymcrnnntm; on xax t nornornn .
ymam, nt courr sa ortx, cnn nocn cyxo, n cymnocrn, ]anracrnxn
nayxn x nnny nam no+rnucxo nsoaxnn +xonomnucxo
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nornnononoxnocrn (1) nannccnsma n nnmnnnocrn. sanmcrnym ro ns
3anano-nocrounoro nnana Ir:
3ynxa
a, nao n yrnrarnt
unt n r namnx n.
uacrnnn mna onrarnt
ontxo nnunocrtm cno.
nsnt acxoy xax cymmt.
o nn cno rono.
cm noxrny, uro nmmt,
ontxo yt camnm coo.
Xarm
a, x cntman +ro mnnt,
o nnau x cxaxy:
uacrt, aocrt, yrmnt -
c n 3ynx naxoxy.
yrt ona mn yntnrcx -
Mn cx oox nr.
yrt, naxmyxct, ornnrcx -
- ---------------------------------------
(1) 3ct, xax n n yrnx nxnnxx, no "+xonomnucxnm" nonnmarcx nc ro,
uro cnxsano c xonnucrnom ncnxnucxo +nrnn.
orxn cx n cn.
Xarm xonunncx na +rom.
K cuacrtm, on cooasnn:
ao couno crart no+rom
nt yrnm, xro nc x mnn.
(no . nnxa)
roo samuann xnnxrcx ononnnnm x ronn cnonnnn. Mt n moxm
oxcnnrt c nosnnxnonnn cnonnnnx, cnn n nnonoxnm, uro
ntrcnnno ccosnarntno nonyunno nsncrnym nsanncnmocrt or , rax uro
ono n nounnxrcx xnannm cnart n coxanxr cnon nnnxsannocrn, ax cnn
nc sanncxmn or nnnxsannocrn x oxram ocrannnt an cna. ontxo n
+rom cnyua moxno nonxrt, uro +ro ccosnarntno nmr nosmoxnocrt
nocnontsonartcx nountm orcyrcrnnm nnn ymntmnnm nnsyt n ymr
onnart ocrarxamn nnntx nnuarnnn, nx roro urot oasonart ns nx
marnana sanrno xnann cnonnnnx. yro croont, n ocrarxn
nnntx nnuarnnn uacrtm cnoro nornnocrnnx nnncannomy xnannm
cnart orroxy nnno oxsant yx cymcrnymm cnxsn c +rnm ccosnarntntm.
3ry nnamnucxn naxnym ury mt xornm ononnnrntno nxnmunrt n nam
ncrannnn o oasonannn cnonnnn.
rannucxo saonnann, onsnnno asaxnn, nocnannn oranon
cosamr cocroxnn, nmmm nocncrnnm xnno ornnn nnno or ro
oxron. rnxro nnno cnona naxonrcx n n ]om ycnnnnmcx
nnnxsannocrn x saonnm uacrn rna. Moxno ax mnrtcx na yrnxnn,
uro n +rnx ycnonnxx orxo nnno or cnonx oxron ocarcx n rnasa
ontm, um yrara +roncrnucxoro nnrca x nnmnmy mny. rcma xax
yro orxtnarcx nyrt
x nonnmannm nnoxonnn, nn xoroo xaxo-ro oran noontm oasom
sannmar , n yyun ontntm c nam rouxn snnx.
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o x ycrom n ncxymnnm nrn antm nnn ocyxart yrn cnryannn,
xorot cranonxrcx nonxrntmn nam nnn nrxo noamrcx onncannm naroax
nnonoxnnm nxoa oxr-nnno n , noromy uro mn n rnnrcx art
ornr na na nosaxnnx, xorot, xax mn nsncrno, nac rnt sannmamr.
o-nntx, nt xornr noronart or mnx oxcnnn, noumy x nnmnno
xouy asnnuart n cnyuaxx cna, onsnn n romy noontx cnryannxx nnno n
nnrc, cxcyantnt nnunnx n nncrnnxrt , rora xax nanmnnx nnonn
nosnonxmr oornct nnonoxnnm a +ro moxno ornrnrt: nam nno
nosaxnn snyunr xoomo. xcnnn cocroxnn cna, onsnn, nnmnnnocrn
camo no c, noxrno, nnxora n nnnno t nac x asnnunnm -nnno n
oxr-nnno nnn nnno n nnrca. o nn +rom nt nnrar
nccnonannxmn, ns xorotx mt ncxonnn n n cnr xorotx rnt
accmarnnam ocyxamt ymnnt cnryannn. asnnunn mxy nnno n
nnrcom, r. . mxy cxcyantntmn nnunnxmn n nncrnnxramn
camocoxannnx, crano noxonmtm naroax nonnmannm xon]nnxra, ns-sa
xorooro noncxoxr
nnost nncnnx. ocn +roro mt n moxm nnont orxasartcx or nro.
nonoxnn, uro oxr-nnno moxr nnarnrtcx n -nnno, rax uro c
-nnno nnxonrcx cunrartcx, xasanoct nam nncrnnno cnocontm
asmnrt saraxy rax nastnamtx nannccrnucxnx nnoson, nannm
Dementia praeco, n yxcnnrt nx cxocrna n asnnunx n cannnnn c ncrn
n nanxsunntmn cocroxnnxmn. cnyuaxx onsnn, cna n nnmnnnocrn mt
nnmnxm rnt ro, uro namnn nnonn onananntm n yrom mcr. Mt moxm
noonxnrt +ro nnmnnn n nocmorrt, uro mt +rnm ocrnrnm.
nncrnnno yrnxnn, n xnnxmmcx nxmtm oraxnnm namro
anannrnucxoro ontra, cocronr n rom, uro nnno ocrarcx nnno,
nsanncnmo or roro, nanannno nn ono na oxrt nnn na cocrnnno , n
ono nnxora n nnamarcx n +roncrnucxn nnrc, xax n tnar n
oarnoro. o +ro yrnxnn annonnno asnnnm cxcyantntx nnunn n
nncrnnxron , yx onnnnomy xnrnucxn, xorooro mt ym nnxnnartcx
ns +nncrnucxnx mornnon, noxa ono, trt moxr, n oxaxrcx nnannntntm.
nroo nam nosaxnn coxnr cnannnnt nonoc, no nr no noxnomy
nyrn. asymrcx, nxo oxr-nnno n n xnnxrcx nnoccrnnno
narornntm; nt mt snam, uro on nnnnnmarcx xaxt as n orxoom
xo cny, urot nonart oarnt nyrt nn noyxnnn. Mntuam
xnnorno, cocroxm ns noronnasmt, nrxrnnar cnon orocrxn, urot cnona
ntnycrnrt nx nn cnymmm nono. o concm yro no, cnn xaxo-ro
onnnnt ount +nrnunt noncc ntnyxar ornxrt nnno y oxra.
ora cranm nannccrnucxnm nnno moxr n narn oarnoro nyrn x
oxram, n +ro naymnn nonnxnocrn nnno cranonnrcx, xonuno,
narornntm. Kaxrcx, uro cxonnnn nannccrnucxoro nnno cnx
onnnno mt nntsx ntncrn. Mt moxm c raxx ncrannrt, uro
nmnno no+romy no omno o nnnxsannocrn x oxram, uro onxno tno
orart cno nnno, urot n saonrt or ro cxonnnnx. cnn t n namn
nnant nxonno noono nsyunn Dementia praeco, x t nam noxasan, uro
noncc, ornxmmn nnno or oxron n nraxammn my oarnt nyrt,
nnsox x nonccy ntrcnnnx n onxn accmarnnartcx xax ononnnn x
nmy. o nx ncro nt nouyncrnonann t snaxomym nouny no noramn,
ysnan, uro ycnonnx +roro noncca nourn nnrnunt - nacxontxo mt noxa
snam - ycnonnxm ntrcnnnx. Kon]nnxr, no-nnnmomy, ror x camt n
astrtnarcx mxy rmn x cnnamn. cnn ncxo nno, um, nannm, nn
ncrnn, ro nnunna moxr trt rontxo n asnnunn nacnonoxnnx.
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asnnrn nnno y +rnx ontntx nmr cnao mcro n yro cno ]as;
cront naxnax ]nxcannx, xoroax nonarar, xax nt nomnnr, nyrt x
oasonannm cnmnromon, naxonrcx r-ro n yrom mcr, noxrno, na
crann nnmnrnnnoro nannccnsma, x xoroomy n cnom xonunom nror
nosnamarcx Dementia praeco. ctma ocrono nnnmannx ro, uro nx ncx
nannccrnucxnx nnoson mt onxnt nnonoxnrt ]nxcannm nnno na roaso
on annnx ]asax, um nn ncrnn nnn nnos nanxsunntx cocroxnn. o
nt cntmann, uro nonxrnx, ntaorannt namn nn nsyunnn nnoson
nncnnx, oxasannct ocrarountmn n nx onnrannn n roaso on
rxxntx n naxrnucxom ornomnnn nannccrnucxnx nnosax. rt cxocrna
nyr ount anxo; n cymnocrn, +ro ra x onacrt xnnnn. o nt moxr
c raxx ncrannrt, xaxnm snaxntm xaxrcx oxcnnn +rnx
saonnann, ornocxmnxcx yx x ncn-
xnarnn, romy, y xoro nx mnnx +ro saaun nocrar anannrnucxoro
ncrannnnx o nnosax nncnnx.
Karnna cnmnromon Dementia praeco, nnoum ount nsmnunnax, onnxrcx
n ncxnmunrntno cnmnromamn, nosnnxammnmn ncncrnn orrcnnnx nnno or
oxron n ro cxonnnnx n nn nannccrnucxoro nnno n . ontmo mcro
sannmamr yrn ]nomnt, xorot cnoxrcx x crmnnnm nnno nnont
nnyrtcx x oxram, r. . coornrcrnymr nontrx noccranonnnnx nnn
ntsoonnnnx. 3rn mymnnnt cnmnromt ax ontm ocamrcx n rnasa; onn
onayxnnamr ncomnnno cxocrno c cnmnromamn ncrnn nnn - x -
nnosa nanxsunntx cocroxnn, no ornnuamrcx or nnx no ncx ornomnnxx.
Kaxrcx, uro nnno nn Dementia praeco n cnom crmnnnn cnona
nnyrtcx x oxram, r. . x ncrannnnxm oxron, crnnrntno
uro-ro ynannnnar or nnx, no xax t rontxo nx rnn, x nmm n nny
ornocxmncx x nnm cnoncnt ncrannnnx. 3ct x ontm n mory rononrt
o +rom, no nonaram, uro raxo nonnn crmxmrocx oarno nnno
nosnonxr nam nonxrt, uro crnnrntno cocrannxr asnnun mxy
cosnarntntm n ccosnarntntm ncrannnnm.
nnn nac n onacrt, r cnyr oxnart nontx ycnxon anannrnucxo
aort. rx no xax mt mnnnct nontsonartcx nonxrnm -nnno, nam
crann ocrynnt nannccrnucxn nnost; nosnnxna saaua narn nnamnucxo
oxcnnn +rnx saonnann n ononmnno nononnnrt nam snann ymnno
xnsnn nonnmannm . cnxonornx , x xoroo mt crmnmcx, onxna
ocnontnartcx n na anntx namnx camonanmnn, a, xax n n cnyua nnno,
na ananns naymnn n acnaon . oxrno, xora yr nonana +ra
ontmax aora, mt ym nntcoxoro mn-
nnx o namm ntnmnm snannn o cytax nnno, nounnyrom ns nsyunnx
nnoson nncnnx. o nt mt m n n nonnnynnct n n anxo.
annccrnucxn nnost na nn nonnnamt nx ro rxnnxn, xoroo mt
nontsonannct nn nsyunnn nnoson nncnnx. t cxoo ysnar noumy.
3ct y nac ncra noncxonr rax, uro nocn xoorxoro nonnxnnx nn
mt oxastnamcx n crno, sacrannxmm nac ocranonnrtcx. am nsncrno,
uro n nn nnosax nncnnx mt naranxnnannct na noont nnxrcrnnx,
no nam yananoct ycranxrt nx no uacrxm. n nannccrnucxnx nnosax
conornnnnn nnoonnmo; n nyumm cnyua mt moxm nnmt ocnrt
nmontrnt nsrnx sa crny, urot nornxrt, uro noncxonr no ry
croony. amn rxnnucxn mrot onxnt trt, raxnm oasom, samnnt
yrnmn; mt m n snam, yacrcx nn nam raxax samna. o n +rn ontnt
amr ocrarouno marnana nx nac. nn mnoro ronoxr o c, xorx n n
ornuamr na namn nonoct, n noxa mt ntnyxnt ronxonart +rn ntcxastnannx c
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nomomtm ncrannnn, nnornntx naroax nsyunnm cnmnromon nnoson
nncnnx. xocrno ocrarouno nnnxo, urot ocnunrt nam nauantnt
ycnx. onoc, nacxontxo ocrarouno yr +ra rxnnxa, ocrarcx orxtrtm.
osnnxamr n yrn sarynnnx, mmammn nammy nonnxnnm nn.
annccrnucxn saonnannx n nnmtxammn x nnm ncnxost moryr trt
asraant rontxo rmn nanmarnxmn, xorot nomnn mxony anannrnucxoro
nsyunnx nnoson nncnnx. o namn ncnxnart n nsyuamr ncnxoananns, a
mt, ncnxoanannrnxn, cnnmxom mano nanmam ncnxnarnucxnx cnyuan. onxno
m noacrn noxonnn ncnxnaron, nommnx mxony ncnxoanannsa xax
nororonnrntno nayxn. auano +romy no-
noxno n nacroxm nmx n mnx, r ount mnorn nymn ncnxnart
unramr crynram nxnnn o ncnxoanannrnucxom yunnn, a nnantnt nuntx
yuxnn n nxroa ncnxnarnucxnx ontnnn crmxrcx ncrn nanmnnx
sa cnonmn ontntmn n yx +roro yunnx. a n nam yanoct sct ncxontxo
as sarnxnyrt sa nannccrnucxym crny, n n antnmm x xouy accxasart
nam xo-uro ns roro, uro nam, xaxrcx, yanoct nocmorrt.
uoma saonnannx naano, xonnucxnm cncrmarnucxnm
ymonommarntcrnom, nn nontrxax xnaccn]nxannn n conmnno ncnxnarnn n
sannmar onnnnoro mcra. Mxy rm nnsxo cxocrno c Dementia
praeco n nonxnr nnxaxomy comnnnm. naxt x nosnonnn c nnoxnrt
onnnrt naanom n Dementia praeco no omnm nasnannm naa]nnx. o
nx coxannm ]omt naanon onnctnamrcx xax nnnunx,
ncnonannx, nmonnt (+oromannx), nnocrn n r. . r
ncnxnarnn nontrox oxcnnnx mt n xm. xaucrn oasna raxono, xorx
n ycranmro n n concm nonnonnnoro nnma, nnny nam nontrxy
ntncrn onn cnmnrom ns yroro noccrnom nnrnnxryantno
annonannsannn: ontno, xorot no nnnuno cxnonnocrn cunrar, uro ro
ncnymr, onxn nart ns +roro ncnonannx ntno, uro on
ncrannxr ns cx oconno naxnym nnunocrt n no+romy y nro asnnnarcx
nnnunx. nx nam anannrnucxo rouxn snnx nnnunx xnnxrcx
nnoccrnnntm cncrnnm nosnnnunnannx ns-sa ornxrnx nnnosntx
nnnxsannocr y oxron, nronuntm nannccnsmom xax nosnamnnm x
nnonauantnomy nannccnsmy annro rcrna. o na |222|
nnnomy nyrn. nauana nam ocnnoct n rnasa, uro n nonaammm
ontmnncrn cnyuan ncnonarnt tn roro x nona, uro n ncnymt.
3romy m moxno tno art nnnnno oxcnnn, no n nxorotx xoomo
nsyunntx cnyuaxx xnno onayxnnoct, uro nnno roro x nona, nanon
nmnmo n otuno nmx, c momnra saonnannx nnarnnoct n
ncnonarnx. antnm asnnrn nosmoxno naroax romy, uro nmnmo
nnno samnxrcx yrnm no nsncrnomy cxocrny, nannm, orn yunrnm,
nauantnnxom. s raxnx nnmon, uncno xorotx nc ynnnunnarcx, mt nnmnn
x ntnoy, uro Paranoia persecutoria* - +ro ]oma, n xoroo nnnnn
samnmarcx or romocxcyantnoro uyncrna, cranmro cnnmxom cnntntm.
namnn nxnocrn n nnanncrt, xoroax, xax nsncrno, moxr crart
ctsno yroso nx xnsnn nmnmoro n nnanncrnoro oxra, coornrcrnyr
nnamnnm nnnosntx nmnyntcon n crax, xnnxmmncx nocroxnntm
syntrarom noncca ntrcnnnx. or, nannm, nocnnn cnyua monx
nanmnn raxoro oa. noro monooro naua nnmnoct ntcnart ns ro
onoro rooa, noromy uro on yroxan xnsnn ctna no]ccoa ns roro x
rooa, tnmro o roro ro nyumnm yrom. 3romy nxnmy yry on
nnnnctnan noncrnn txnontcxn namnnx n monnucxo morymcrno. n
tn nnnonnnxom ncx ncuacrn, nocrnrmnx sa nocnnn rot cmtm ontnoro,
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ncx cmntx n connantntx nyau. o mano roro, sno yr n ro orn,
no]cco, ntsnann nony n nnnnn n crany yccxnx. 3a +ro on rtcxuy as
onxn tn t nonnarnrtcx xnsntm, n nam ontno tn yxn, uro co
cmrtm ncrynnnxa nacrynnn t xonn ncm ncuacrtxm. nc-raxn ro
nxnxx nxnocrt x nmy tna nacrontxo cnntna, uro naannsonana ro yxy,
- ---------------------------------------
* ncnonannx (nar.). - nm. . nnoa.
xora my onaxt ncrannncx cnyua nocrnnrt nara na camom nnsxom
accroxnnn. xoorxnx cax, xorot tnn y mnx c ontntm, ntxcnnnoct,
uro yxcxn ornomnnx mxy oonmn nauannct anno, n rnmnasnucxn rot.
o mntm m onn as tnn nnt rannnt yxt; nonnnax nmcr
nout tna nonoom nx nonnoro cxcyantnoro cnomnnx. K xnmnnam nam
nannnr nnxora n ncntrtnan rx uyncrn, xorot coornrcrnonann ro
nosacry n ro nnnnxarntnocrn. nn as on tn oyun c xacnno n
snarno nymxo, no ra accronna nomonnxy, rax xax n ncrrnna nxnocrn
co croont cnoro xnnxa. Iot cnycrx ro onsnt asasnnact xax as n
ror momnr, xora my n nnt as yanoct nonnocrtm yonnrnonrt
xnmnny. Kora +ra xnmnna c naroanocrtm n n camosannnn onxna ro,
on nyr nouyncrnonan saraounym ont, xoroax nomna xax ocrt nas
noxyr xtmxn una. osn on ncronxonan +ro omymnn rax, yro my
cnann nas, xorotm orxtnamr mosr nn ncxtrnn, a rax xax ro yr
cran naronoroanaromom, ro nocrnnno on orxtn, uro rontxo ror mor
noocnart my +ry xnmnny nx ncxymnnx. rx no y nro orxtnnct rnasa
n na yrn ncnonannx, xrno xorotx on cran naroax crnnxm
tnmro yra.
o xax x trt n rx cnyuaxx, xora ncnonarnt n onoro nona c
ncnymtm, xorot, xaxrcx, nornnouar nammy oxcnnnm samnrt or
romocxcyantnoro nnno? anno y mnx tna nosmoxnocrt nccnonart raxo
cnyua, n n xaxymmcx nornnounn x mor onayxnrt nornxnn. Monoax
nymxa, cunranmax, uro ncnyr myxunna, c xorotm ona nmna na
nxntx cnnannx, n crnnrntnocrn cnauana nmna onym nm no
ornomnnm x xnmnn, xoroym moxno cunrart samcrnrntnnn marn. ontxo
nocn nrooro cnnannx ona cnana
mar nn n, ornnn +ry onym nm or xnmnnt, nncna na
myxunny. axnm oasom, ycnonn nannunx roro x nona y ncnonarnx
nnonauantno tno conmno n n +rom cnyua. cno xano
yry-nacrannnxy n nauy nannnrxa n ynomxnyna o +ro nnanrntno
crann a n +rnm cosana nnnmocrt nornnounx nammy nonnmannm
naanon.
Iomocxcyantnt nto oxra nnonauantno nnx x nannccnsmy, um
rrocxcyantnt. cnn sarm noxonmo ornrnyrt nxnarntno cnntno
romocxcyantno uyncrno, ro oarnt nyrt x nannccnsmy oconno nrox. o
cnx no y mnx tno ount mano nonoon rononrt c namn o ocnonax nmonno
xnsnn, nacxontxo mt nx ysnann, x n rnt n mory +ro nocnonnnrt. Xouy
nnmt nouxnyrt, uro nto oxra, mar nn n asnnrnn nnno, xorot
narcx nocn nannccrnucxo crann, moxr ocymcrnnrtcx no nym
asnnuntm rnnam. nn no nannccrnucxomy rnny, xora na mcro cocrnnnoro
ntcrynar nosmoxno on noxoxn na nro oxr, nnn no rnny onot,
xora nnna, cranmn oornmn naroax yonnrnonnm yrnx xnsnnntx
nornocr, ntnamrcx n oxramn nnno. nntnym ]nxcannm nnno na
nannccrnucxom rnn ntoa oxron mt nxnmuam raxx n
nacnonoxnnocrt x orxtro romocxcyantnocrn.
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t nomnnr, uro no nmx nno nam ncrun n +rom cmcr x accxasan
nam cnyua a nnocrn y xnmnnt. nt, xora mt rax nnsxn x xonny,
nt, xonuno, xornn t ycntmart, xax mt ncnxoanannrnucxn oxcnxm
onym nm. o no +romy nonoy x mory nam cxasart mntm, um nt
oxnar. nonnnamocrt ono nn, rax x xax n nanxsunnoro
cocroxnnx nx nornucxnx arymnron n antnoro ont-
ra, oxcnxrcx ornomnnm x ccosnarntnomy, xoroo ncrannxrcx n
noannxrcx ono nnn nanxsunno n. asnnun mxy nnmn ocnonano na
asnnuno ronnx n nnamnx oonx saonnann.
Kax nn naano, rax n nn mnanxonnn, xoroax ncrannna, mxy
nounm, nctma asnnuntmn xnnnnucxnmn ]omamn, mt namnn mcro, c xorooro
moxno sarnxnyrt no nnyrnnmm cryxryy saonnannx. Mt ysnann, uro
camoynxn, xorotmn +rn mnanxonnxn myuamr cx camtm cnomantm
oasom, n cymnocrn, ornocxrcx x yromy nnny, cxcyantnomy oxry,
xorot onn yrarnnn nnn xorot no cno nnn norxn nx nnx snaunmocrt.
rcma mt mornn saxnmunrt, uro xorx mnanxonnx n ornn cno nnno or
oxra, no naroax nonccy, xorot cnyr nasnart "nannccrnucxo
nnrn]nxann", oxr nosnnrnyr n camom , xax t cnonnonan na .
3ct x mory nam art nnmt oasnym xaaxrncrnxy, a n
ronnxo-nnamnucxo onncann. ora c cocrnnntm oamamrcx xax c
ocrannnntm oxrom, n ono ncntrtnar na c nc arccnn n noxnnnnx
mcrnrntnocrn, nnasnauanmncx oxry. cxnonnocrt x camoyncrny
mnanxonnxon cranonnrcx nonxrn, cnn nnnxrt no nnnmann, uro
oxcrounn ontnoro onnm n rm x yaom nonaar n cocrnnno n n
nmnmo-nnanncrnt oxr. n mnanxonnn, rax x xax nn yrnx
nannccrnucxnx saonnannxx, n xxo ntaxnno ]om noxnnxrcx ura
xnsnn uyncrn, xoroym mt nnntxnn ncn sa nnom nastnart
amnnannrnocrtm. Mt noasymnam no +rnm noxnnnn nornnononoxntx,
nxntx n naxntx, uyncrn no ornomnnm x onomy n romy x nnny. o nmx
+rnx nxnn x, x coxannnm, n nmm nosmoxnocrn accxasart nam ontm o
amnnannrnocrn uyncrn.
Kom nannccrnucxo nnrn]nxannn, tnar ncrnucxax, nsncrnax nam
ount anno. t cam xorn, urot oxasanoct nosmoxntm oxcnnrt nx
asnnun ncxontxnmn xcntmn onnnnxmn. nnonucxnx n nnxnnucxnx
]omax mnanxonnn x mory nam xo-uro accxasart, uro nt, nanno, oxorno
ntcnymar. n naronnxrntx ycnonnxx oxastnarcx nosmoxntm - x na asa
nontnan +ror ontr - nornarnrt nonronn cocroxnnx raxoro x nnn
nornnononoxnoro nacronnx naroax anannrnucxomy nunnm n cnoont
or onsnn nomxyrox nmnn. n +rom ysnamt, uro n nn mnanxonnn, n
nn mannn no nr o ocoom cnoco asmnnx xon]nnxra, nnoctnxn
xorooro nonnocrtm connaamr c nnoctnxamn yrnx nnoson. Moxr c
ncrannrt, cxontxo ncnxoanannsy m ncronr orxtrt n +ro onacrn.
cxasan nam raxx, uro naroax anannsy nannccrnucxnx saonnann mt
namcx ysnart cocran namro n ro nocronn ns asnnuntx nncrannn.
onom mcr mt nonoxnnn +romy nauano. s anannsa a nanmnnx mt
cnann ntno, uro n crnnrntno crt nncrannnx, xoroax cntnno
nanmar, xnrnxyr n cannnnar, nornnonocrannxx cx, raxnm oasom,
yro uacrn . Mt nonaram no+romy, uro ontno ntar nam m n nnonn
onnnnym nany, xanyxct, uro nmo ro mar ntcnxnnarcx n nanmarcx,
nmax ro mtcnt oxnatnarcx n xnrnxyrcx. n omnarcx nnmt n rom, uro
nnocnr +ry nnnxrnym cnny, xax nuro nocroonn, no nnmnn mn. n
uyncrnyr n cnom rocnocrno xaxo-ro nncrannnn, xoroax cannnnar ro
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crnnrntno n nmym ro xrntnocrt c -nanom, cosanntm nm n
noncc cnoro asnnrnx. Mt ymam raxx, uro cosann +roro nana
nonsomno c nntm noccranonnnnx camoonontcrna, cnxsannoro c nnnu-
ntm nn]anrnntntm nannccnsmom, no nrnnmro c rx no rax mnoro
nnnxrnocr n on. anmammax sa camnm coo nncrannnx nsncrna nam
xax nnso , xax concrt, +ro ra x camax nncrannnx, xoroax noutm
ocymcrnnxr nnsyy cnonnnnx, or xoroo ncxoxr ntrcnnnx
nonycrnmtx xnann. Kora ona nn nanmnnx acnaarcx, ro
acxtnar nam cno noncxoxnn ns nnnxnnx onrn, nocnnrarn n
connantno ct, ns nnrn]nxannn c orntntmn ns +rnx nnn, cnyxamnx
nanom.
axont nxorot syntrart, nonyunnt namn o cnx no naroax
ncnontsonannm ncnxoanannsa n cnyuaxx nannccrnucxnx saonnann. nn,
asymrcx, m cnnmxom nsnaunrntnt n sauacrym nnmnt ro xcnocrn,
xoroax moxr trt ocrnrnyra n nono onacrn nnmt naroax ocnonarntno
ocnomnnnocrn. cm nm mt oxsant ncnontsonannm nonxrnx -nnno, nnn
nannccrnucxoro nnno, c nomomtm xorooro mt acnocrannnn na
nannccrnucxn nnost ncrannnnx, nornnnmncx na nnosax
nncnnx. o rnt nt nocrannr nonoc: nosmoxno nn, urot nam yanoct
oxcnnrt ron nnno nc naymnnx nannccrnucxnx nnoson n
ncnxoson, urot mt ns nnsnann nnnonnnxom saonnannx nnnosnt ]axro
ymnno xnsnn n nnxora n cunrann ornrcrnnntm sa nro nsmnnn n
]ynxnnn nncrnnxron camocoxannnx? Vnaxamt amt n rocnoa, mn xaxrcx,
uro n cnyr cnmnrt c mnnm +roro nonoca, xoroo, nx ncro,
m n cosno. Mt cnoxono moxm nocrannrt ro nayunomy norccy.
t n ynnnncx, cnn t cnoconocrt narornnoro noscrnnx crnnrntno
oxasanact nnmymcrnom nnnosntx nnunn, rax uro ronx nnno morna
t nasnonart cno rnym] no nc nnnnn or nocrmnx axryantntx nnoson
o camoro rxxnoro ncnxornucxoro oruyxnnx nnnnna.
t mt snam xaaxrnym ury nnno nornnnrtcx nounnnnm antnocrn
mna, cyt. o x cunram n ntcm crnnn noxrntm, uro nncrnnxrt
nronuno saxnartnamrcx narornntmn nmnyntcamn nnno n ntnyxamrcx x
naymnnm ]ynxnnn. x n mory nnsnart noaxnn namro nanannnnx
nccnonannx, cnn nam ncronr ysnart, uro nn rxxntx ncnxosax
nncrnnxrt ax nnnuno tnamr cnrt c nyrn; +ro noxaxr yym, no
xan m, nam.
mn nosnontr m na ono mrnonnn nnyrtcx x craxy, urot ocnrnrt
ocranmcx ram rmno mcro. Mt cxasann, uro nam n cnyr cornamartcx co
cront xoomo nsncrntm ornomnnm mxy craxom n nnno, yro antnt
crax n nnnom onacnocrn onxn trt noxnnnnm nncrnnxron
camocoxannnx, xorx camo no c +ro na nn ocnonmo. o xax ocroxno t
no, cnn t a]]xr craxa ncxonn n ns +roncrnucxnx nncrnnxron , a ns
-nnno? t cocroxnn craxa no ncxxom cnyua nnncooasno, n ro
nnncooasnocrt ounnna, cnn on ocrnrar on ntcoxo crnnn. n
mmar crnnm, yt ro rcrno nnn samnra, uro nncrnnno nncooasno
n cnyxnr camocoxannnm. axnm oasom, cnn mt nnnnmm a]]xrnnnym uacrt
antnoro craxa -nnno, a crnn nn +rom - nncrnnxram
camocoxannnx, ro ycrannm nc rornucxn rynocrn. noum, nt nt
n ymar ncts, uro unonx yrar, noromy uro ncntrtnar crax? r,
ncntrtnamr crax n oamamrcx n rcrno no om nnunn, xoroax
nosnnxar, xora samuamr onacnocrt. mn, nxnnmn ontmn xnsnnnt
onacnocrn, accxastnamr, uro onn concm n oxnnct, a rontxo crnonann,
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nannm, nnnnnct ns yxtx n xnmnnxa, a +ro tno, xonuno, camtm
nncooasntm. "?
H M KH
ncnn
Vnaxamt amt n rocnoa! ax xax rnt mt nnnnxamcx x xonny namnx
c, ro y nac nosnnxar naxa, n xoroo nt n onxnt omanyrtcx. t,
noxrno, ymar, uro n nx roro x nonn nac no xm
ncnxoanannrnucxoro marnana, urot n xonn xonnon ornycrnrt, n cxasan
nn cnona o rannn, na xoroo ocnonana nosmoxnocrt noom sannmartcx
ncnxoanannsom. a x n n mory n xocnyrtcx +ro rmt, noromy uro nn +rom
nt narnxno nosnaxomnrct c nontm ]axrom, s snannx xorooro nonnmann
nsyunntx namn onsn ocranoct t camtm omyrnmtm oasom nnonntm.
snam, uro nt n xr or mnx yxonocrna no rxnnx nonnnx anannsa
c rannrnucxo nntm. t xornr nnmt n camtx omnx urax snart, xaxnm
oasom noscrnyr ncnxoanannrnucxax rannx n uro ona nnmno
ocrnrar. ysnart +ro nt nmr nocnonmo nano. o x n xouy nam +ro
coomart, a nacrannam na rom, urot nt oraannct camn.
oymar! t nosnaxomnnnct c camtmn cymcrnnntmn ycnonnxmn saonnannx,
a raxx co ncmn ]axroamn, crnymmnmn na saonnmro. ro x ryr
nonxnr rannrnucxomy noscrnnm? 3ro,
nx ncro, nacncrnnnax nacnonoxnnocrt; nam n uacro nnxonrcx
o n rononrt, noromy uro ona +nrnuno orcrannarcx yrnmn, n mt n
moxm cxasart o n nnuro nonoro. o n ymar, uro mt noonnnnam;
nmnno xax rannrt mt onontno xcno omymam cnny. o ncxxom cnyua,
mt nnuro n moxm n n nsmnnrt, ona n nx nac ocrarcx um-ro anntm,
uro crannr nnt namnm ycnnnxm. 3arm - nnnxnn annnx rcxnx
nxnnann, xorot mt nnntxnn ntnnrart n ananns na nno mcro; onn
ornocxrcx x nomnomy, mt n moxm nx ynnuroxnrt. an, nc ro, uro mt
onnnnn n nonxrn "antnt ntnyxnnt orxas": nyauno cnoxnnmaxcx
xnsnt, cncrnnm xoroo xnnxrcx nocrarox nmnn, nocrt, cmnt
asot, ncuacrnnnt ax, nnaronnxrnt connantnt ycnonnx n crorocrt
nancrnnntx ronann, no rnrom xorotx naxonrcx nnunocrt. yr xax
yro ocrarouno nosmoxnocr nx ount crnnno rannn, no +ro onxna
tna t trt rannx, xoroym nononn, no nncxomy naonomy nannm,
nmnaro ocn], r. . nmmarntcrno morymcrnnnoro narornonrnx, n
non xorooro cxnonxmrcx nmn n ncusamr rynocrn. xro raxn mt, urot
nxnmunrt raxym narornonrntnocrt xax ccrno n namy rannm? amn
nt n cnomomnt n omcrnnnom ornomnnn, ntnyxnnt otnart
ccrna x cymcrnonannm cno nauno xrntnocrtm, mt ax n n
cocroxnnn oranart cno ry raxnm x nnmymnm, xax +ro moryr yrn
naun, nuamn yrnmn mroamn. nx +roro nama rannx sannmar cnnmxom
mnoro nmnn n nnrcx cnnmxo onro. o, moxr trt, nt yxnarnrct sa onn
ns nuncnnntx momnron n noymar, uro ram nar rouxy nnnoxnnx
nx namro noscrnnx. cnn nancrnnno orannunn, rymo
omcrnom, nnnnmar yuacrn n ncntrtnamom ontntm nnmnnn, ro nt
nunn moxr nnart my myxcrna nnn art nxmo yxasann ncrynnrt +rn
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nrat n onrtcx yonnrnonnx n ntsoonnnnx, orxasanmnct or
ocymcrnnnnx ntcoxo nnnmoro omcrnom, no cront uacro ocrannxmoro
nana. axnm oasom, moxno ntsoonrt, "an nonm" cno cxcyantnocrn.
ana, nn +rom anannrnucxo nunn moxno ynxnyrt n rom, uro ono n
cnyxnr omcrnnno moann. o, uro ono ar onomy, ornxro y omcrna.
o, ynaxamt amt n rocnoa, xro nac rax nnannntno nn]omnonan?
moxr trt n un o rom, urot conr art nonm cno cxcyantnocrn mor
ctrart xaxym-ro ont n anannrnucxo rannn. Vx noromy +ro n rax, uro
mt camn oxnnnn, uro y ontnoro nmrcx ynont xon]nnxr mxy nnnosntm
noyxnnm n cxcyantntm ntrcnnnm, mxy uyncrnnno n acxrnucxo
nanannnnocrxmn. 3ror xon]nnxr n ycranxrcx c nomomtm roro, uro ono
ns nanannnnocr nomorar oxart noy na nornnononoxno. Mt nnnm,
uro y nnnoontnoro acxrnsm oxan nx. ncrnnm +roro xnnxrcx xax
as ro, uro noannnno cxcyantno crmnnn naxonr c ntxo n
cnmnromax. cnn t mt rnt, naooor, onnnct not uyncrnnnocrn, ro
oronnnyro n croony cxcyantno ntrcnnn onxno tno t narn c
sammnn n cnmnromax. n ono ns oonx mnn n moxr ynnuroxnrt
nnyrnnn xon]nnxr, ncxxn as xaxax-nno ona croona ocrananact t
nyonnrnonno. ontxo n nxorotx cnyuaxx xon]nnxr tnar rax
nycrounn, uro raxo ]axro, xax couyncrnn naua ro nnn nno croon,
moxr nmrt mamm snaunn, no +rn cnyuan, cocrnnno, n n nyxamrcx n
anannrnucxom nunnn. nna, na
xorotx nau moxr oxasart raxo nnnxnn, namnn t +ror nyrt n s naua.
t snar, uro cnn nosxannt monoo unonx mnrcx na nnaunym
nononym cnxst nnn nyonnrnonnax xnmnna nosnaraxar cx c yrnm
myxunno, ro otuno onn n xyr asmnnx naua nnn ax anannrnxa.
+ro cnryannn otuno ynycxamr ns nna onn cymcrnnnt momnr, a nmnno
ror, uro narornnt xon]nnxr nnornxon nntsx cmmnnart c nomantno
oto ymnntx nnxnn, ntocmnx na ono n ro x ncnxonornucxo
noun. 3ro cronxnonnn cnn, ns xorotx ona ocrnrna crynnn
ncosnarntnoro n cosnarntnoro, a yrax saxanact na crynnn
ccosnarntnoro. o+romy xon]nnxr n moxr trt asmn; cnoxmn rax x
mano noxoxr yr yry, xax nt mnt n xnr n nsncrnom nnm.
mnn moxr trt nnnxro rontxo rora, xora onn ncrrxrcx na ono n
ro x noun. nonaram, uro cnart +ro nosmoxntm n xnnxrcx nncrnnno
saau rannn(1).
xom roro, ynxm nac, uro nt nnno ocnomnnt, cnn nnonarar,
uro conrt n yxonocrno n xnrcxnx nax xnnxmrcx cocranno uacrtm
anannrnucxoro noscrnnx. anornn, mt no nosmoxnocrn nsram raxo
mnrocxo onn n ontm ncro xnam, urot ontno camocroxrntno
nnnnman cnon mnnx. +ro nntm mt ax rym, urot nc xnsnnno
naxnt mnnx - o nto no]ccnn, xosxcrnnntx nnnxrnxx,
saxnmunnn axa nnn asno - on ornoxnn na nmx nunnx n nnnn n
ncnonnnn rontxo nocn ro oxonuannx. ornacnrct,
- ---------------------------------------
(1) u noonnnnar ont connantntx ]axroon n +rnonornn nnoson.
cmy ncnxoanannsy nncyma nnnax onnrannx na nosmoxnocrt nsannnnx
omcrna or connantntx son nyrm ncnxorannn.
nc ocronr nnau, um nt c ncrannxnn. ontxo c onnnntmn ount
monotmn nnn conmnno cnomomntmn n nyannonmnntmn ontntmn mt n
moxm ocymcrnnrt +ro xnarntno orannunn. nx nnx mt onxnt conmmart
xrntnocrt naua n nocnnrarnx; rora mt nxacno cosnam cnom
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ornrcrnnnocrt n nm cx c noxonmo ocrooxnocrtm.
o ns roro nnnx, c xorotm x samnmamct nornn ynxa, uro nnnoontnoro
no nmx anannrnucxoro nunnx noyxamr "art c nonm", nam n cnyr
nart ntno, uro mt noscrnym na nro n nontsy omcrnnno
nancrnnnocrn. 3ro nam no mntm m cront x uyxo. Xorx mt n
]omarot, a nnmt nanmarnn, no mt n moxm n cmorrt xnrnucxnmn
rnasamn n counn nnosmoxntm ncrart na croony ycnonno cxcyantno moann
n ntcoxo onnnrt ror cnoco, xaxnm omcrno ntrarcx naxrnucxn ynanrt
nonmt cxcyantno xnsnn. Mt moxm nxmo nocunrart, uro ro, uro
omcrno nastnar cno nancrnnnocrtm, cronr ontmnx xrn, um
sacnyxnnar, n uro ro mrot n ocnonant na nannnocrn n n
cnnrntcrnymr o ym. Mt n mmam namnm nannnram cnymart +ry xnrnxy,
nnyuax nx x cnoonomy or naccyxon ocyxnnm cxcyantntx nonocon,
xax n ncxxnx yrnx, n cnn onn, cran camocroxrntntmn nocn sanmnnx
nunnx, mamrcx no cocrnnnomy asymnnm sanxrt xaxym-ro cnmm
nosnnnm mxy nonntm nacnaxnnm xnsntm n oxsarntntm acxrnsmom, mt n
uyncrnym yrtsnn concrn nn sa onn ns +rnx ntxoon. Mt rononm c,
uro ror, xro c ycnxom ntaoran ncrnnno ornomnn x camomy c,
nancra samnmn or onacnocrn crart snancrnnntm, cnn ax ro
xnrn nancrnnnocrn xaxnm-ro oasom n ornnuarcx or nnnxroro n
omcrn. noum, mt ocrramcx nynnnunrt
snaunn nonoca o nosxannn n nunnn nnoson. nmt n nontmom uncn
cnyuan moxno asmnrt naronornucxym cnryannm ntnyxnnoro orxasa c
coornrcrnymmnm sacrom nnno nrxo ocrnxnmtm cnocoom nonontx cnomnn.
axnm oasom, nt n moxr oxcnnrt rannrnucxo noscrnn anannsa
asmnnm cxcyantntx nacnaxnn. onmnr yro oxcnnn. Mn
xaxrcx, uro, orxnonxx +ro nam nnonoxnn, x onnm samuannm nann
nac na nannntnt nyrt. Mt, onxno trt, nnnocnm nontsy rm, uro samnxm
ccosnarntno cosnarntntm, nnox ccosnarntno n cosnarntno.
crnnrntno, rax ono n crt. nnnxax ccosnarntno x cosnarntnomy,
mt ynnuroxam ntrcnnn, ycranxm ycnonnx nx oasonannx cnmnromon,
nnamam narornnt xon]nnxr n nomantnt, xorot xaxnm-ro oasom
onxn narn asmnn. Mt ntstnam y ontnoro n uro nno, xax ono +ro
ncnxnucxo nsmnnn: nacxontxo ono ocrnrnyro, nacrontxo oxasana nomomt.
am, r nntsx ynnuroxnrt ntrcnnn nnn ananornunt my noncc, ram
nam rannn nart nuro.
Hnt namnx ycnnn mt moxm c]omynnonart no-asnomy: ocosnann
ccosnarntnoro, ynnuroxnn ntrcnnn, nocnonnnn amncrnucxnx
nonon, - nc +ro ono n ro x. o, nosmoxno, nac n yonnrnonr +ro
nnsnann. t concm nnau ncrannxnn c ntsoonnnn nnnoontnoro,
a nmnno rax, uro on cranonnrcx yrnm unonxom nocn roro, xax nonrcx
yromnrntno aor ncnxoanannsa, a ryr nct syntrar cocronr nnmt n rom,
uro y nro oxastnarcx nmnoro mntm ccosnarntnoro n nmnoro ontm
cosnarntnoro, um antm. o nt, noxrno, noonnnnar snaunn raxoro
nnyrnnro nsmnnnx. tnunnt nnnoontno crnnrntno cran yrnm
unonxom, no, no cymcrny, on, asymrcx, ocrancx rm x camtm, r. . on
cran raxnm, xaxnm mor t crart n nyumm cnyua nn camtx naronnxrntx
ycnonnxx. +ro ount mnoro. cnn nt sarm ysnar, cxontxo ncro nyxno
cnart n xaxn noxonmt ycnnnx, urot ocymcrnnrt +ro xaxymcx
nsnaunrntntm nsmnnn n ro ymnno xnsnn, ro nam noxaxrcx nctma
nanonoontm snaunmocrt raxoro asnnunx n ncnxnucxom yonn.
orxnonmct na mnnyry or rmt, urot cnocnrt, snar nn nt, uro
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nastnarcx xaysantno rann? ax nastnarcx nnm, nanannnnt n na
onsnnnt xnnnnx, a na ycrannn nnunn onsnn. nnxrcx nn nama
ncnxoanannrnucxax rannx xaysantno nnn nr? rnr n nocr, no, moxr
trt, on acr nono ynrtcx n mano snaunmocrn raxo nocranonxn nonoca.
ocxontxy anannrnucxax rannx n crannr cno nnxam saau
ycrannn cnmnromon, ona crnyr xax xaysantnax. yro cnxsn nt
moxr cxasart, uro ona n xaysantnax. Mt yx anno nocnnnn nnunnnym
nnt or ntrcnnn o noxnntx nnunn, nx ornocnrntnym nnrncnnnocrt
n xoncrnrynnn n orxnonnnx n noncc nx asnnrnx. nonoxnr rnt,
uro mt mornn t xnmnucxnm nyrm nmmartcx n +ror mxannsm, nontmax nnn
cnnxax xonnucrno nmmmrocx nnno nnn ycnnnnax ono nnunn sa cur
yroro, rora +ro tna t xaysantnax rannx n nonnnnom cmtcn, nx
xoroo nam ananns nontnan t noxonmym nnanrntnym
asntnarntnym aory. raxom noscrnnn na noncct nnno n
nacroxm nmx, xax nt snar, n moxr trt un; nama ncnxorannx
oxastnar cno crnn na yro snno nnn, n nxmo na nsncrnt nam
ncroxn xnnnn, no nc x na ocrarouno anxo or cnmnromon snno,
cranm nam ocrynntm naroax samuarntntm ocroxrntcrnam.
rax, uro mt onxnt nart, urot samnnrt ccosnarntno y namro
nannnra cosnarntntm? Kora-ro mt nonarann, uro +ro ount nocro, nam
nyxno rontxo yraart +ro ccosnarntno n nocxasart ro ontnomy. o
rnt mt snam, uro +ro tno nantnonnntm sanyxnnm. am snann o
ccosnarntnom nannonnno snannm o nm ontnoro; cnn mt coomnm my
nam snann, ro on yr onaart nm n nmcro cnoro ccosnarntnoro, a
naxy c nnm, n +ro ount mano uro mnxr. Mt onxnt ncrannrt c +ro
ccosnarntno cxo ronnucxn, narn ro n nocnomnnannn ontnoro ram,
r ono nosnnxno naroax ntrcnnnm. 3ro ntrcnnn nyxno ycrannrt, n
rora nrxo moxr nonsorn sammnn ccosnarntnoro cosnarntntm. Kax
x ycranxrcx raxo ntrcnnn? 3ct nama saaua nxonr no nroym
cranm mnnx. nauana noncxn ntrcnnnx, sarm - ycrannn
conornnnnnx, noxnnammro +ro ntrcnnn.
Kax ycrannrt conornnnnn? ouno raxnm x oasom: ysnan ro, asxcnnrt
nannnry. t conornnnnn rox noncxonr ns ntrcnnnx - nno ns roro,
xoroo mt xornm ynnuroxnrt, nno ns nmnmro mcro n nomnom. no
cosarcx nornnocrnnm, nosnnxmnm nx ntrcnnnx nnnnnunoro
noyxnnx. nt mt nam ro x camo, uro xornn cnart yx c camoro
nauana, yratnam, naxonm ronxonann n coomam ro; no rnt mt nam
+ro cnonmnno. ornnocrnn, nnn conornnnnn, nnnanxnr yx n
ccosnarntnomy, a , xoroo xnnxrcx namnm corynnxom, n +ro
noncxonr ax rora, xora ono nocosnanno. Mt snam, uro sct ut
nr o nonom cmtcn cnona "ccosnarntnt": c ono croont, xax
]nomna, c yro - xax cncrmt. 3ro xaxrcx ount ryntm n rmntm; no
nt +ro rontxo nonronn, n
nana nn? Mt x +romy anno nororonnnt. Mt oxnam, uro ontno
orxaxrcx or +roro conornnnnnx, ocrannr nornnocrnn, cnn mt
asxcnnm ro nn nomomn ronxonannx. Kaxn nnxymn cnnt cocrnymr nam
n +rom cnyua? o-nntx, crmnnn nannnra x ntsoonnnnm, noynnm
ro nounnnrtcx nam c nnm conmcrno aor, n, no-nrotx, ro
nnrnnxr, xoroomy mt nomoram namnm ronxonannm. r nnxaxoro comnnnx n
rom, uro nnrnnxry ontnoro nru acnosnart conornnnnn n narn
coornrcrnymmn nno ntrcnnnomy, cnn mt ann my noxoxmn nx
+roro nnonoxnrntnt ncrannnnx. cnn x nam cxaxy: nocmornr na
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no, ram moxno ynnrt nosymnt ma, ro nt ro cxo nar, um cnn
x nonomy nac rontxo nocmorrt nanx, n onayxnr nn nt ram
uro-nnyt. ax n crynry, xorot n nnt as cmornr n mnxocxon,
nnoanarnt coomar, uro on onxn ynnrt, n nornnnom cnyua on
noom n nnnr +roro, xorx nc +ro ram crt n ro moxno ynnrt.
rnt ]axr. nnom x ]om nnnoro saonnannx, nn ncrnxx,
cocroxnnxx craxa, nnosax nanxsunntx cocroxnn nam nnonoxnn
onantnarcx. naroax raxnm noncxam ntrcnnnx, acxtrnm
conornnnnn, ronxonannm ntrcnnnoro crnnrntno yarcx mnrt
saauy, r. . noonrt conornnnnnx, ynnuroxnrt ntrcnnn n nnarnrt
ccosnarntno n cosnarntno. n +rom y nac cxnatnarcx conmnno
xcno ncrannnn o rom, xax n ym nannnra astrtnarcx oxcrounnax
ota sa noonnn xaxoro conornnnnnx, nomantnax ymnnax ota na
ono n ro x ncnxonornucxo noun mxy mornnamn, xnammnmn coxannrt
nornnocrnn, n nornnononoxntmn, rorontmn or nro orxasartcx. nt -
+ro crat
mornnt, ocymcrnnnmn n cno nmx ntrcnnn, cn nocnnnx naxoxrcx
nnont noxnnnmncx, xorot, ym naxrtcx, asmar xon]nnxr n
xnarntnom nx nac cmtcn. am yanoct nnont oxnnnrt crat xon]nnxr
ntrcnnnx, nonrnyn ncmory sanmnnmncx rora noncc. xaucrn
nonoro marnana mt nnannxm, no-nntx, nynxnn, uro nxn
mnn nnnno x onsnn, n omann, uro yro mnn orxor nyrt x
ntsoonnnnm, no-nrotx, rannosno nsmnnn ncx ocroxrntcrn co
nmnn roro nnoro ntrcnnnx. ora tno cnatm, nn]anrnntntm n,
moxr trt, nmno ocnonann sanrnrt ronann nnno xax onacno.
nt ono oxnno n nnono ontr, a xom roro, nmr nomomnnxa n nnn
naua. ax uro mt moxm naxrtcx, uro nnnm ononnnnt xon]nnxr x
nyummy ncxoy, um x ntrcnnnm, n, xax cxasano, nn ncrnxx, nnosax
craxa n nanxsunntx cocroxnnxx ycnx nnnnnnnantno onantnar nac.
naxo crt yrn ]omt saonnann, nn xorotx, ncmorx na cxocrno
ycnonn, namn rannrnucxn mt nnxora n nnnocxr ycnxa. n nnx
no tno n nnonauantnom xon]nnxr mxy n nnno, xorot nnnn x
ntrcnnnm, xorx ronnucxn ro moxno xaaxrnsonart nnau, n sct moxno
ortcxart yuacrxn, r n xnsnn ontnoro nonsomnn ntrcnnnx, |239|
n omm n saronyrtmn ncnxoanannrnucxo rann n nnocnnnmunntmn x
n. oumy rax nonyuarcx? or nocrarxa nnrnnxra; nsncrnax crnnt
nnrnnxryantno aorocnoconocrn, xonuno, ryrcx or namnx nannnron,
no n n onnnno nr nocrarxa, nannm, y naanonxon, cnocontx na
nctma ocroymnt xomnnannn. mmrcx n yrn cnnt, cnococrnymmn
ntsoonnnnm: mnanxonnxn, nannm, n ount ntcoxo crnnn ocosnamr,
uro ontnt n no+romy rax rxxno craamr, uro orcyrcrnyr y naanonxon, no
or +roro onn n cranonxrcx ocrynn. Mt nmm sct nnonxrnt ]axr,
ntstnammn y nac no+romy comnnn n rom, nonnmam nn mt n crnnrntnocrn
nc ycnonnx ocrnxnnx ycnxa nn yrnx nnosax.
cnn mt ocranonnmcx na namnx sanxrnxx c ncrnuntmn n ontntmn nnosom
nanxsunntx cocroxnn, ro ncxo n namn ncrar nroo ]axr, x xoroomy
mt conmnno n nororonnnt. s nxoroo nmx mt samuam, uro +rn
ontnt nyr cx nctma cnooasno no ornomnnm x nam. Mt nonarann, uro
yunn nc cnnt, xorot nnxonrcx nnnnmart no nnnmann nn nunnn,
nonnocrtm noymann cnryannm mxy namn n nannnrom, rax uro n n nc
ncrano xax n an]mrnucxo saau, a sarm oxastnarcx, uro n n
nxanoct uro-ro, n nxonnm n acur. 3ro noxnanno nono camo no c
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mnorooasno, cnauana x onnmy on uacrt n nonxrnt ]omt ro noxnnnnx.
rax, mt samuam, uro nannnr, xoroomy cnonano t ncxart ntxoa ns
cnonx onsnnntx xon]nnxron, noxnnxr ocot nnrc x nnunocrn naua.
c, uro cnxsano c +ro nnunocrtm, xaxrcx my snaunrntn, um ro
cocrnnnt na, n ornnxar ro or onsnn. mnn c nnm cranonnrcx na
xaxo-ro
nmx ount nnxrntm; on oconno nynnrnn, craarcx, r moxno,
noxnnrt naroanocrt, onayxnnar yronunnocrt n nonoxnrntnt xaucrna
cnoro cymcrna, xorot mt, moxr trt, n n crmnnnct narn y nro.
au rox cocrannxr c naronnxrno mnnn o nannnr n naroanr
cnyua, anmn my nosmoxnocrt oxasart nomomt ocoo snaunmo nnunocrn.
cnn nauy ncrannncx cnyua noconart c ocrnnnnxamn nannnra, ro
on c yonontcrnnm cntmnr, uro +ra cnmnarnx nsanmna. oma nannnr s
ycrann acxnannnar naua, nnosnocx n nm nc nont nonoxnrntnt
xaucrna. "n rsnr namn, cnno onxr nam; nc, uro nt rononr, nx
nro orxonnn", - accxastnamr ocrnnnnxn. nora xro-nnyt ns +roro
xoa ntaxarcx su: "ocro naono, on cncranno rononr rontxo o
nac".
Xornm naxrtcx, uro nau ocrarouno cxomn, urot oxcnxrt +ry onnxy
cno nnunocrn nannnrom naxamn, xorot on my moxr noart, n
acmnnnm ro nnrnnxryantnoro ronsonra naroax noasnrntntm n
acxnomammnm orxtrnxm, xorot ncr c coo |241|
o n nc nmx cronr raxax xcnax noroa. naxt nocxnon sanonaxnnarcx
ryuamn. nunnn onayxnnamrcx sarynnnx; nannnr yrnxar, uro my
nnuro n nnxonr n ronony. osnnxar conmnno xcno nnuarnnn, uro
on ontm n nnrcyrcx aoro n uro on c nrxnm cnm orxasancx or
annoro my nnncannx rononrt nc, uro nnr my n ronony, n
noanaxct nnxaxnm xnrnucxnm cooaxnnxm. n naxonrcx xax t nn
nunnx, xax yro y nro c nauom n tno nnxaxoro yronoa; on xnno
um-ro ynnun, uro xour coxannrt nx cx. 3ro onacnax nx nunnx
cnryannx. comnnno, uro sct nmr mcro cnntno conornnnnn. o uro
x nonsomno?
cnn rt n cocroxnnn cnona ntxcnnrt cnryannm, ro orxtnamt nnunny nomxn
n rom, uro nannnr nnc na naua nnrncnnnt nxnt uyncrna, n
onanannt nn nonnnm naua, nn cnoxnnmnmncx no nmx nunnx
ornomnnxmn. xaxo ]om ntaxarcx +ra nxnocrt n xaxn nnn ona
ncnyr, xonuno, sanncnr or nnuntx ornomnn oonx yuacrnnxon. cnn
no xacarcx monoo nymxn n monooro unonxa, ro y nac cosarcx
nnuarnnn nomantno nnmnnnocrn, mt nam nnonn nonxrntm, uro
nymxa nnmnxrcx n myxunny, c xorotm ona moxr noonry ocranartcx
nann n ocyxart nnrnmnt na n xorot sannmar no ornomnnm x n
ntronym nosnnnm nnocxoxmro nomomnnxa, no rora mt, noxrno,
ynycrnm ns nny ro, uro y nnornucxo nymxn cxo moxno tno t
oxnart naymnn cnoconocrn nmnrt. m mntm nnunt ornomnnx naua n
nannnra yyr noxonrt na +ror nnonaramt nananr, rm on cranntm
noxaxrcx nam, uro, ncmorx na +ro, mt nocroxnno ym naxonrt ro x
camo ornomnn n onacrn uyncrn. Moxno m onycrnrt, cnn monoax,
ncuacrnax n ax xnmnna
xaxrcx oxnaunno ctsno cracrtm x cnomy noxa m cnoonomy nauy,
cnn ona rorona onrtcx asnoa, urot nnnanxart my, nnn n cnyua
connantntx nnxrcrnn n ocranannnnarcx n rm, urot ncrynnrt c nnm
n ranym nmonnym cnxst. oono cnyuarcx n nn ncnxoanannsa. o nn
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+rnx ycnonnxx c ynnnnnm cntmnmt ntcxastnannx co croont xnmnn n
nymx, yxastnammn na nnonn onnnno ornomnn x rannrnucxo
nonm: onn, mon, ncra snann, uro nx moxr ntnunrt rontxo nmont, n c
camoro nauana nunnx oxnann, uro naroax +rnm ornomnnxm nm, naxonn,
yr noano ro, uro xnsnt nnmana nx o cnx no. ontxo ns-sa +ro
naxt onn oranann rax mnoro cnn nunnm n noonnann sarynnnx nn
asronoax o c. Mt co cno croont nnannm: n rax nrxo nonnmann nc,
umy otxnonnno ryno nonnrt. o raxo nnsnann noaxar nac; ono
onoxntnar nc namn acurt. yxnn mt ynycrnnn camo naxno?
n camom n, um ontm y nac ontra, rm mntm mt n cocroxnnn
conornnnxrtcx nncnnm +roro ncnannnnx, nosoxmro namy yunocrt.
nnt as moxno tno noymart, uro anannrnucxo nunn narxnynoct na
nomxy ncncrnn cnyuanoro cotrnx, r. . n nxonnmro n ro nnant n n
nm ntsnannoro. o cnn raxax nxnax nnnxsannocrt nannnra x nauy
nonroxrcx saxonomno n xaxom nonom cnyua, cnn ona noxnnxrcx nn
camtx nnaronnxrntx ycnonnxx, c nxmo-raxn rorcxntmn noasymnnxmn,
n ax y ncrantx xnmnn, ax no ornomnnm x comy myxunn, ax ram,
r, no nammy mnnnm, nr nnxaxoro conasna, ro mt onxnt orxasartcx or
mtcnn o cnyuano nomx n nnsnart, uro no nr o ]nomn, rcnmnm
oasom cnxsannom c cymnocrtm onsnn.
ont ]axr, xorot mt, raxnm oasom, nxorx nnsnam, mt nastnam
nncnnm (ertragung). Mt nmm n nny nncnn uyncrn na nnunocrt
naua, noromy uro n cunram, uro cnryannx nunnx morna onanart
nosnnxnonnn raxnx uyncrn. xo mt nnonoxnm, uro ncx roronnocrt
ncntrtnart uyncrna noncxonr ns uro-ro yroro, nasna n ontno n nn
anannrnucxom nunnn nnocnrcx na nnunocrt naua. ncnn moxr
noxnnrtcx n ynom ronannn nmnn nnn n on ymnntx ]omax; nmcro
xnannx trt nosnmnnno y monoo nymxn moxr nosnnxnyrt xnann crart
nmnmo outm craoro myxunnt, nnnosno crmnnn moxr cmxrunrtcx o
nnoxnnx nastnno, no nantno, nuyncrnnno yxt. xorot
xnmnnt ymmr cynnmnonart nncnn n nsmnxrt ro, noxa ono n
nnorr onnnnym xnsncnoconocrt; yrn ntnyxnt noxnnxrt ro n
ryom, nnnunom, no ontm uacrn nnosmoxnom nn. o, n cymnocrn, +ro
ncra ono n ro x, nnum nnxora nntsx omnnrtcx n ro noncxoxnnn
ns roro x camoro ncrounnxa.
x um saanartcx nonocom, xya nam orncrn nont ]axr nncnnx,
ononnnm ro onncann. Kax ocronr no c nannnramn-myxunnamn? Vx ryr-ro
moxno tno t naxrtcx nsxart oxyunnnoro nmmarntcrna asnnunx nonon
n nsanmnoro nx nnunnx. naxo ornr rnacnr: nnamnoro nnau, um y
nannnron-xnmnn. a x nnnxsannocrt x nauy, ra x nonnxa ro
xaucrn, ra x nornomnnocrt ro nnrcamn, ra x nnocrt no ornomnnm
xo ncm, nnsxnm my n xnsnn. ynnmnonannt ]omt nncnnx mxy
myxunno n myxunno ncruamrcx nocrontxy uam, a nnoccrnnno
cxcyantno ronann nocrontxy x, nocxontxy orxtrax romo-
cxcyantnocrt orcrynar n yrnmn cnocoamn ncnontsonannx +rnx
xomnonnron nnunnx. V cnonx nannnron-myxunn nau raxx uam, um y
xnmnn, nanmar ]omy nncnnx, xoroax na nnt nsrnx, xaxrcx,
nornnounr ncmy ntmonncannomy, - naxno nnn nrarnnno nncnn.
Vxcnnm c nx ncro, uro nncnn nmrcx y ontnoro c camoro
nauana nunnx n nxoroo nmx ncrannxr coo camym momnym
cnococrnymmym aor cnny. ro conmnno n uyncrnymt, n o nm nuro n
cnoxonrtcx, noxa ono naronnxrno noscrnyr na conmcrno nononmt
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ananns. o xora ono nnamarcx n conornnnnn, na nro cnyr
oarnrt nnnmann n nnsnart, uro ono nsmnnno ornomnn x nunnm nn
nyx asnnuntx n nornnononoxntx ycnonnxx: no-nntx, cnn ono n nn
nxno cxnonnocrn nacrontxo ycnnnnoct, nacrontxo xcno ntar nnsnaxn
cnoro noncxoxnnx ns cxcyantno nornocrn, uro ntsnano nornn cx
nnyrnn conornnnnn, n, no-nrotx, cnn ono cocronr ns naxntx, a
n ns nxntx noyxnn. Kax nannno, naxnt uyncrna noxnnxmrcx
nosx, um nxnt, n nocn nnx; nx ononmnno cymcrnonann xoomo
oraxar amnnannrnocrt uyncrn, rocnocrnymmym n ontmnncrn namnx
nnrnmntx ornomnn x yrnm nmxm. axnt uyncrna, rax x xax n
nxnt, osnauamr uyncrnnnym nnnxsannocrt, noono romy xax ynxmcrno
osnauar ry x sanncnmocrt, uro n nocnymann, xorx n c nornnononoxntm
snaxom. nx nac n moxr trt comnnnx n rom, uro naxnt uyncrna x
nauy sacnyxnnamr nasnannx "nncnnx", noromy uro cnryannx nunnx
ncrannxr coo conmnno nocrarount nono nx nx nosnnxnonnnx;
noxonmo nonnmann nrarnnnoro nncnnx yxar nac, raxnm oasom,
uro mt n omnnnct n cyxnnn o nonoxnrntnom nnn nxnom nncnnn.
rxya rcx nncnn, xaxn rynocrn ocrannxr nam, xax mt ro
noonnam n xaxym nontsy ns nro n xonn xonnon nsnnxam - nc +ro
noono ocyxarcx n rxnnucxom yxonocrn no anannsy, n cronx moxr
trt nnmt cnrxa saronyro mnom. cxnmuno, urot mt nounnnnnct ncxoxmnm
ns nncnnx ronannxm nannnra, nnno tno t nyxnmno nnn x
nosmymnno orxnonxrt nx; mt noonnam nncnn, yxastnax ontnomy,
uro ro uyncrna ncxoxr n ns nacroxm cnryannn n ornocxrcx n x nnunocrn
naua, a nonroxmr ro, uro c nnm yx noncxonno antm. axnm oasom mt
ntnyxam ro nnarnrt nonronn n nocnomnnann. ora nncnn,
sasnnuno, nxno nnn naxno, xoroo xasanoct n nmom cnyua camo
cnntno yroso nunnm, cranonnrcx nyumnm ro oynm, c nomomtm xorooro
orxtnamrcx camt coxonnnt rannxn ymnno xnsnn. o x xorn t
cxasart nam ncxontxo cnon, urot accxrt noymnnx no nonoy
nosnnxnonnnx +roro noxnannoro ]nomna. am n cnyr satnart, uro
onsnt nannnra, ananns xorooro mt m na cx, n xnnxrcx um-ro
saxonunntm, sacrtnmnm, a noonxar acrn n asnnnartcx, xax xnno
cymcrno. auano nunnx n nxamar +roro asnnrnx, no xax rontxo
nunn sannano ontntm, oxastnarcx, uro ncx nonax xrntnocrt onsnn
nanannxrcx na ono, n nmnno na ornomnn x nauy. ncnn moxno
cannnrt, raxnm oasom, co cnom xamnx mxy ncnno n xoo na,
ns xorooro nosnnxamr nonooasonannx rxann n ocr crnona n ronmnny. Kax
rontxo nncnn nnorar +ro snaunn, aora na nocnomnnannxmn
ontnoro orcrynar na sann nnan. annntno tno t cxasart, uro nmmt
no n c nxn onsntm nannnra, a c sanono cosanntm n nnanntm
nnosom, samnnnmnm nnt. 3a +rnm nontm nananrom crao ons-
nn cnnmt c camoro nauana, nnnmt ro nosnnxnonnn n asnnrn n oconno
xoomo n nm asnamtcx, noromy uro cam naxonmtcx n ro nnr xax
oxr. c cnmnromt ontnoro nnmnnnct cnoro nnonauantnoro snaunnx n
nncnoconnnct x nonomy cmtcny, nmmmmy ornomnn x nncnnm. nn
ocrannct rontxo raxn cnmnromt, xorotm yanact noonax naorxa. o
noonnn +roro nonoro ncxyccrnnnoro nnosa osnauar n ocnooxnn or
onsnn, xoroym mt nauann nunrt, mnn nam rannrnucxo saaun.
nonx, cranmn nomantntm no ornomnnm x nauy n ocnoonnmncx or
crnnx ntrcnnntx nnunn, ocrarcx raxnm n n uacrno xnsnn, xora
nau onxrt orcrannn cx.
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axo ncxnmunrntno, nnrantno snaunn nncnn nmr nn ncrnxx,
ncrnxx craxa n nnosax nanxsunntx cocroxnn, onnxmtx no+romy no
nany no nasnannm nnoson nncnnx. Kro nonyunn nonno nnuarnnn o
]axr nncnnx ns anannrnucxo aort, ror ontm n moxr comnnartcx
n rom, xaxoro xaaxra tnn noannnnt noyxnnx, xorot namnn
ntaxnn n cnmnromax +rnx nnoson, n n noryr on ncxoro
oxasarntcrna nx nnnosno nnot. Mt moxm cxasart, uro nam yxnn
o snaunnn cnmnromon xax samcrnrn nnnosnoro yonnrnonnx
oxonuarntno yxnnnoct nnmt naroax nnnnm nncnnx.
nt y nac crt nc ocnonannx ncnannrt nam nxn nnamnucxo
nonnmann noncca ntsoonnnnx n cornaconart ro c namnmn nontmn
nsrnxamn. Kora ontno onxn noonrt nomantnt xon]nnxr c
conornnnnnxmn, xorot mt my orxtnn nn ananns, on nyxarcx n momnom
crnmyn, nymm x ntsoonnnnm. nornnnom cnyua morno t cnyunrtcx,
uro on nnont mnncx t na nxnn nc-
xo n onxrt ntrcnnn t ro, uro nonxnoct n cosnann. mamm snaunn n
+ro ot nmr rora n ro nnrnnxryantno nonnmann - nx raxoro
crnnx ono nocrarouno rnyoxo n cnoono, - a nncrnnno ro
ornomnn x nauy. ocxontxy ro nncnn nocnr nonoxnrntnt xaaxr,
ono nanxr naua anronrrom, nonnomarcx n n ro coomnnxm n
mnnnxm. s raxoro nncnnx nnn cnn ono ornnarntno, on t n cnymart
n cran naua n ro arymnrt. a nn +rom nonroxr ncronm cnoro
nosnnxnonnnx: ona xnnxrcx nonsnono nmnn n cnauana n nyxanact n
arymnrax. nmt nosn on ynxr arymnram crontxo mcra, uro
nonrar nx nonx, ax cnn onn nnnoxrcx ro nmnmtm nnnom.
rymnrt s raxo noxxn nnuro n snaunnn n nnxora nnuro n snauar
n xnsnn ontmnncrna nm. omm unonx n c nnrnnxryantno croont
ocrynn noscrnnm nnmt nocrontxy, nocxontxy on cnocon na nnnosnym
nnnxsannocrt x oxry, n y nac crt nonno ocnonann nnrt n crnnn
ro nannccnsma nn nx nosmoxnocrn nnnxnnx na nro ax nn nomomn
camo nyum anannrnucxo rxnnxn n onacartcx +roro orannunnx.
noconocrt acnocranxrt nnnosnym nnnxsannocrt x oxram raxx n na
nnn onxna trt nnsnana y ncx nomantntx nm. xnonnocrt x nncnnm
y ntmnasnanntx nnornxon xnnxrcx nnmt usmntm nynnnunnm +roro
nncymro ncm xaucrna. o tno t ount cranno, cnn t raxax
acnocrannnax n snaunrntnax ura xaaxra nm nnxora n tna t
samuna n ncnontsonana. +ro crnnrntno nonsomno. nrm c
notxnonnno nonnnarntnocrtm oocnonan yunn o rnnnornucxnx xnnnnxx
nonoxnnm, uro ncm nmxm xaxnm-ro oasom cnocrnnna cnoconocrt x
nnym-
nnm, "nnymamocrt". ro nnymamocrt n uro nno, xax cxnonnocrt x
nncnnm. o nrm nnxora n mor cxasart, uro raxo cocrnnno
nnymnn n xax ono ocymcrnnxrcx. no tno nx nro ocnonononarammnm
]axrom, noncxoxnn xorooro on n mor oxasart. n n onayxnn
sanncnmocrn suggestiilite* or cxcyantnocrn, or noxnnnnx nnno. mt
onxnt samrnrt, uro n nam rxnnx mt orxasannct or rnnnosa rontxo nx
roro, urot cnona orxtrt nnymnn n nn nncnnx.
nt x ymonxam n nocrannxm cnono nam. samuam, uro y nac rax cnntno
nanamnnarcx ono nosaxnn, uro ono nnmnno t nac cnoconocrn cnymart,
cnn nam n art nosmoxnocrn ro ntcxasart: "rax, nt naxonn nnsnannct,
uro aorar c nomomtm nnymnnx, xax rnnnorns. Mt anno +ro
nnonarann. o saum x rora tn nyxn oxono nyrt us nocnomnnannx
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nomnoro, orxtrn ccosnarntnoro, ronxonann n oarnt nno
ncxaxnn, oromnax sarara rya, nmnn n nr, cnn nncrnnno
crnnntm xnnxrcx nnmt nnymnn? oumy nt nxmo n nnymar oty c
cnmnromamn, xax +ro namr yrn, ucrnt rnnnornst? an, cnn nt
xornr onanartcx rm, uro na nonnom oxonom nyrn nt cnann mnoro
snaunrntntx ncnxonornucxnx orxtrn, cxtrtx nn ncnontsonannn
nnoccrnnnoro nnymnnx, xro rnt noyunrcx sa nnocrt namnx
orxtrn? xnnxmrcx nn n onn rox syntrarom nnymnnx n nnum
nnnamnnoro, n moxr nn nt nanxsart ontnomy n n +ro onacrn nc,
uro xornr n uro xaxrcx nam nannntntm?"
c, uro nt mn ryr nosaxar, nnoxrno nnrcno n n onxno ocrartcx
s ornra. o cronx x ro art n mory sa nocrarxom nmnn. ax uro
o cny-
- ---------------------------------------
* nymamocrn (]ann.). - nm. . nnoa.
mmro asa. t ynnnr, x am oxcnnnx. cronx x onxn saxonunrt ro,
uro nauan. oman nn nomomn ]axra nncnnx oxcnnrt nam, noumy
namn rannrnucxn ycnnnx n nmmr ycnxa nn nannccrnucxnx nnosax.
mory +ro cnart n ncxontxnx cnonax, n nt ynnnr, xax nocro marcx
saraxa n xax xoomo nc cornacyrcx. anmnn noxastnar, uro
saonnmn nannccrnucxnm nnosom n nmmr cnoconocrn x nncnnm nnn
onaamr nnmt nocrarountmn ocrarxamn. nn orxastnamrcx or naua n ns
naxnocrn, a ns annoymnx. o+romy onn n n noamrcx ro nnnxnnm, ro,
uro on rononr, n rorar nx, n nonsnonr na nnx nnxaxoro nnuarnnnx,
no+romy y nnx n moxr nosnnxnyrt ror mxannsm ntsoonnnnx, xorot mt
cosam nn yrnx nnosax, - ononnnnx narornnoro xon]nnxra n
noonnnx conornnnnnx ntrcnnnx. nn ocramrcx rm, uro onn crt. nn
yx n as nnnnnmann camocroxrntnt nontrxn ntnunrtcx, nnnmn x
naronornucxnm syntraram, ryr mt n n cnnax nnuro nsmnnrt.
a ocnonannn namnx xnnnnucxnx nnuarnnn or nanmnnx sa +rnmn ontntmn
mt yrnxann, uro y nnx onxna orcyrcrnonart nnnxsannocrt x oxram, n
oxr-nnno onxno nnarnrtcx n -nnno. cncrnn +roro
xaaxrnoro nnsnaxa mt ornnnn nx or nno rynnt nnornxon (ncrnx,
nnos craxa n nanxsunntx cocroxnn). x nonnn nn rannrnucxnx
nontrxax nornxar nam nnonoxnn. nn n noxnnxmr nncnnx n
no+romy nocrynnt nammy noscrnnm, n moryr trt ntnunt namn.
H M KH
nannrnucxax rannx
Vnaxamt amt n rocnoa! t snar, o um y nac cronx yr ca. t
cnocnnn mnx, noumy mt n nontsymcx n ncnxoanannrnucxo rannn nxmtm
nnymnnm, cnn nnsnam, uro nam nnnxnn n snaunrntno m ocnonano na
nncnnn, r. . na nnymnnn, n n cnxsn c +rnm ntasnnn comnnn, moxm
nn mt nn raxom nonaannn nnymnnx yuartcx sa oxrnnnocrt namnx
ncnxonornucxnx orxtrn. oman nam noont ornr.
xmo nnymnn - +ro nnymnn, nanannnno nornn noxnnnnx cnmnromon,
ota mxy namnm anronrrom n mornnamn onsnn. n +rom nt n
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cnoxonrct o +rnx mornnax, ryx or ontnoro rontxo roro, urot on
noannxn nx ntaxnn n cnmnromax. onrar nn nt ontnoro rnnnosy nnn
nr, nnnnnnnantnoro asnnunx n nmr. nrm onxrt-raxn co
cnocrnnno my nonnnarntnocrtm yrnxan, uro camo cymcrnnno n
xnnnnxx rnnnosa - +ro nnymnn, a cam rnnnos xnnxrcx yx syntrarom
nnymnnx, nnymnntm cocroxnnm, n on nnounran nononrt nnymnn n
cocroxnnn ocrnonannx ontnoro, uro moxr anart r x syntrart, uro n
nnymnn nn rnnnos.
ax uro x nt xornr ycntmart cnauana n ornr na +ror nonoc: ro, o um
rononr ontr, nnn rornucxn cooaxnnx?
aunm c nnoro. tn yunnxom nrma, xorooro x nocrnn n 19 r. n
ancn n xnnry xorooro o nnymnnn nnn na nmnxn xstx (1). runn
mnornx nr x nunn rnnnosom, cnauana nnymnnm sanra, a nosn courax
ro c accnocamn nannnra no y. ax uro x mory cynrt o ycnxax
rnnnornucxo nnn cyrrcrnnno rannn na ocnonannn ontmoro ontra. cnn,
cornacno crannno nauno ]omyn, nantnax rannx onxna trt
tcro, naxno n n ntstnart nnnxsnn y ontnoro, ro mro nrma
ornuan, no xan m, nym ns +rnx ronann. n nononncx namnoro
tcr, ax ncannnno tcr, um anannrnucxn, n n ocrannxn
ontnomy nn xnonor, nn sarynnn. o nmnm nx naua +ro cranonnnoct
monoronntm sanxrnm: xaxt as onnaxono, nn nomomn onnx n rx x
nnmon sanmart noxnnxrtcx camtm asnnuntm cnmnromam, n nmx
nosmoxnocrn nonxrt nx cmtcn n snaunn. 3ro tna n nayunax xrntnocrt,
a aora nomacrtx, xoroax nanomnnana marnm, saxnnnannx n ]oxyct;
onaxo +ro n nnnnmanoct no nnnmann n cannnnn c nnrcamn ontnoro.
o rrt ronann n conmanoct: +ror mro n tn naxntm nn n xaxom
ornomnnn. K onomy ontnomy ro moxno tno nnmnxrt, x yromy - nr; n
onom cnyua yananoct ocrnut mnororo, n yrom - ount manoro,
nnsncrno noumy. m xyx, um +ra xannsnocrt mroa, tno orcyrcrnn
nnrntnoro ycnxa. s nxoroo nmx, cnn nnont nnxonnoct cntmart o
- ---------------------------------------
(1) nrm cm. ntm. u nnn n xnnrn nrma: " nnymnnn n
ro nnmnnnn n rannn" (16) n "Innnos, nnymnn n ncnxorannx"
(191).
ontnom, oxastnanoct, uro nxnn nyr nnyncx nnn samnnncx nontm.
Moxno tno cnona naunnart nunn rnnnosom. xom roro, ontrnt nmn
nocrrann n nnmart ontnoro camocroxrntnocrn uacrtm nonronnm
rnnnosa n n nnyuart ro x +ro rannn, xax x naxornxy. ornacn, uro
nno as nc yananoct xax nntsx nyum; nontmnmn ycnnnxmn ocrnrancx
nonnt n nnrntnt ycnx. o ycnonnx raxoro naronnxrnoro ncxoa
ocranannct nnsncrntmn. naxt y mnx nonsomn cnyua, xora rxxno
cocroxnn, nonnocrtm ycrannno mno nn nomomn nnoonxnrntnoro
nunnx rnnnosom, nnynoct nnsmnnntm nocn roro, xax ontnax
accnnact na mnx so ncxxo mo nnnt; nocn nnmnnnx c n x onxrt
n roaso ocnonarntn ynnuroxnn onsnnno cocroxnn, n nc-raxn ono
onxrt noxnnnoct, xora ona no nroo as orannnact or mnx. yro as
x oxasancx n cnryannn, xora ontnax, xoroo x nonoxarno nomoran
rnnnosom nsannrtcx or nnntx cocroxnn, noxnanno no nmx nunnx
oconno rynoro cnyuax onnna yxamn mom mm. 3ro sacrannno t nmoro,
xour on roro nnn nr, sanxrtcx nonocom o nno n noncxoxnnn cnoro
anronrra nn nnymnnn.
axont ontrnt annt. nn noxastnamr, uro, orxasanmnct or nxmoro
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nnymnnx, mt n norxnn nnuro nsamnnmoro. nt asmnr nam
nnannrt x +romy m nxorot cooaxnnx. onnn rnnnornucxo
rannn ryr or nannnra n or naua nnmt ount nsnaunrntntx ycnnn.
3ra rannx nxacno cornacyrcx c onnxo nnoson, xoroo m
nnxnnarcx ontmnncrno nau. au rononr craammmy nnosom: a y
nac nt nnuro nr, +ro rontxo nnt, a noromy x ncxontxnmn cnonamn sa
ncxontxo mnnyr mory ocnoonrt nac or nyra.
o raxax cnoconocrt nnnrart ontmo rys, nnnarax nnoccrnnno
nsnaunrntnt ycnnnx, n ncnontsyx nn +rom nnxaxnx coornrcrnymmnx
nncnoconnn, nornnounr nammy +nrrnucxomy oasy mtcn.
ocxontxy ycnonnx cannnmt, ontr noxastnar, uro nn nnosax +ror ]oxyc
n yarcx. o x snam, uro +ror ono n xnnxrcx nononxnmtm: tnamr n
"yaun".
cnr rx snann, xorot mt nnonn naroax ncnxoanannsy, mt moxm
onncart asnnun mxy rnnnornucxnm n ncnxoanannrnucxnm nnymnnm
cnymmnm oasom: rnnnornucxax rannx craarcx uro-ro saxtrt n
sarymnart n ymnno xnsnn, ncnxoanannrnucxax - uro-ro acxtrt n
ycrannrt. nax aorar xax xocmrnxa, nroax - xax xnyrnx. nax
nontsyrcx nnymnnm, urot sanmart cnmnromt, ona ycnnnnar ntrcnnn,
ocrannxx nnsmnnntmn nc noncct, xorot nnnnn x oasonannm
cnmnromon. nannrnucxax rannx nonnxar antm n cymnocrt, n r
xon]nnxrt, xorot nnnnn x oasonannm cnmnromon, n nontsyrcx
nnymnnm, urot nsmnnrt ncxo +rnx xon]nnxron. Innnornucxax rannx
ocrannxr nannnra sxrntntm n nnsmnnntm, n noromy cront x
ncnocontm x conornnnnnm nn ncxxom nonom nono x saonnannm.
nannrnucxo nunn ryr or naua n or ontnoro rxxnoro rya,
nanannnnoro na ycrannn nnyrnnnx conornnnnn. naroax
noonnnm +rnx conornnnnn ymnnax xnsnt ontnoro naonro nsmnxrcx,
nonnmarcx na on ntcoxym crynnt asnnrnx n ocrarcx samnmnno or
nontx nonoon nx saonnannx. 3ra aora no noonnnm xnnxrcx
cymcrnnno uacrtm anannrnucxoro nunnx, ontno onxn ntnonnnrt, a
nau nomorar my n +rom nnymnnm, crnymmnm n nocnnrarntnom cmtcn.
o-
+romy nannntno rononnoct, uro ncnxoanannrnucxo nunn xnnxrcx um-ro
no onocnnrannx.
amct, uro rnt x asxcnnn nam, um ornnuarcx nam cnoco
rannrnucxoro nnmnnnx nnymnnx or nncrnnno nosmoxnoro cnocoa nn
rnnnornucxo rannn. cnx nnymnn x nncnnm, nt nomr ncm
xannsnocrt rnnnornucxo rannn, ocnnmymcx nam n rnasa nn
ncnontsonannn, mxy rm xax anannrnucxax o xannx cnonx nnon
noarcx acury. cnontsyx rnnnos, mt sanncnm or cnoconocrn ontnoro x
nncnnm, n nmx nosmoxnocrn camnm nnnxrt na n. ncnn
rnnnornsnymoro moxr trt nrarnnntm nnn, xax +ro uam ncro tnar,
amnnannrntm, on moxr samnmartcx or cnoro nncnnx ocotmn
ycranonxamn; o +rom mt nnuro n snam. ncnxoananns mt aoram na
camnm nncnnm, ycranxx ro, uro my nornnocrnyr, roronnm c
nncrymnr, c nomomtm xorooro xornm oxastnart nnnxnn. ax n namn
orxtnarcx nosmoxnocrt concm nnau ncnontsonart cnny nnymnnx; mt
nonyuam nnacrt na n, n ontno nnymar c ro, uro my xourcx, a mt
yxononm ro nnymnnm, nacxontxo on noom noarcx ro nnnxnnm.
nt nt cxaxr, uro nasonm nn mt nnxymym cnny namro anannsa
nncnnm nnn nnymnnm, crt nc-raxn onacnocrt, uro nnnxnn na
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nannnra crannr no comnnn oxrnnnym ocronnocrt namnx anntx. o,
uro nr na nontsy rannn, nnnocnr n nccnonannm. mnno +ro
nosaxnn uam ncro ntnnranoct nornn ncnxoanannsa, n nyxno cosnartcx,
uro cnn ono n omnouno, ro nc x nntsx ornrnyrt xax nasymno. o
cnn t ono oxasanoct cnannnntm, ro ncnxoananns cran t n um nntm,
xax oconno xoomo samacxnonanntm, oconno crnn-
ntm nnom cyrrcrnnnoro nunnx, n mt mornn t nctsno ornocnrtcx xo
ncm ro yrnxnnxm o xnsnnntx ycnonnxx, ncnxnucxo nnamnx,
ccosnarntnom. ax n nonaramr namn nornnnnxn: oconno nc ro, uro
xacarcx snaunmocrn cxcyantntx nxnnann, cnn n n camn +rn
nxnnannx, mt, onxno trt, "nnymnnn" ontnomy, nocn roro xax noont
xomnnannn nosnnxnn n nam cocrnnno ncnounno ]anrasnn. 3rn nanaxn
nru ononrnyrt cctnxo na ontr, um c nomomtm ronn. or, xro cam
nononn ncnxoananns, mor cuncnnno mnoxcrno as ynrtcx n rom, uro
nntsx ontnomy uro-nno nnymnrt raxnm oasom. asymrcx, ro nryno
cnart croonnnxom onnnno ronn n rm camtm sacrannrt yuacrnonart
n nosmoxno omnx naua. n nr cx nn +rom xax ncxxn yro, xax
yunnx, no +rnm nyrm moxno nonnnxrt rontxo na ro nnrnnxr, a n na
onsnt. asmnrt ro xon]nnxrt n noonrt ro conornnnnnx yarcx
nnmt n rom cnyua, cnn my nnaramrcx raxn nosmoxnt ncrannnnx,
xorot n crnnrntnocrn y nro nmmrcx. coornrcrnymmn nnonoxnnx
naua ornaamr n noncc anannsa, or nnx cnyr orxasartcx n samnnrt
on nannntntmn. marntnax rxnnxa nomorar nynxart noxnnnn
nxnmnntx ycnxon nnymnnx, no nr onacnocrn n n rom, cnn raxn
ycnxn nmmr mcro, noromy uro nnt ycnx nnxoro n yonnrnonr. nanns
nntsx cunrart saxonunntm, noxa n nonxrt nc nxcnocrn annoro cnyuax,
n sanonnnt nont n nocnomnnannxx, n nant nonot x ntrcnnnxm.
cnnmxom tcrtx ycnxax nnnmt cxo nomxy, um cocrnn anannrnucxo
aor, n no+romy nnxnnnymt ocrnrnyro, nnont n nnont ynnuroxax
nncnn, xoroo ro oycnonnno. cymnocrn, +ro nocnn uro
anannrnucxo nunn ornnuarcx or uncro cyrrcrnnnoro, a anannrnucxn
syntrart n sanoosnmt n rom, uro onn nonyunt nn nomomn nnymnnx. n
nmom yrom cyrrcrnnnom nunnn nncnn rmarntno orarcx n n
sararnnarcx; nn anannrnucxom x ono camo crt oxr nunnx n
asnararcx na nc ]omt cnoro noxnnnnx. K xonny anannrnucxoro nunnx
camo nncnn onxno trt ycranno, n cnn rnt nosnnxar nnn
coxanxrcx nonoxnrntnt syntrar, ro on oycnonnn n nnymnnm, a
ocrnrnyrtm c ro nomomtm noonnnm nnyrnnnx conornnnnn na
noncmmm n ontnom nnyrnnm nsmnnnn.
osnnxnonnnm orntntx nnymnn nornnocrnyr ro, uro no nmx nunnx
mt cntnno onxnt oortcx c conornnnnnxmn, xorot moryr
nnamartcx n nrarnnnt (naxnt) nncnnx. Mt n ynycrnm cnyuax
cocnartcx raxx na ro, uro ontmo uncno uacrntx syntraron anannsa,
xorot mornn t trt oycnonnnt nnymnnm, nornxamrcx c yro, n
ntstnamm comnnn, croont. namy nontsy n annom cnyua rononr ananns
cnaoymntx n naanonxon, y xorotx, xonuno, nntsx sanoosnrt
cnoconocrn nonacrt no cyrrcrnnno nnnxnn. o, uro +rn ontnt
accxastnamr nam o nnoax cnmnonon n ]anrasnxx, nonnxmnx n nx
cosnann, rouno connaar c syntraramn namnx nccnonann
ccosnarntnoro y craammnx nnosamn nncnnx n nornxar, raxnm
oasom, oxrnnnym nannntnocrt namnx ronxonann, uacro nonrammnxcx
comnnnm. onaram, uro nt n omnrct, nonnn n +rom nynxr anannsy.
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nt mt xornm ononnnrt nam onncann mxannsma ntsoonnnnx,
ncrannn ro n ]omynax ronn nnno. nornx n cnocon x
nacnaxnnm,
noromy uro ro nnno n nanannno na oxr, n on n aorocnocon,
noromy uro ount mnoro cno +nrnn onxn rarnrt na ro, urot coxanxrt
nnno n cocroxnnn ntrcnnnx n samnmart cx or ro nanoa. n cran t
soontm, cnn t xon]nnxr mxy ro n nnno nxarnncx n onxrt
morno t acnoxxartcx nnno. axnm oasom, saaua rannn cocronr n
rom, urot ocnoonrt nnno or ro nmnntx, ornxrtx y nnnxsannocr
n nounnnrt ro onxrt . I x naxonrcx nnno nnornxa? arn
nryno, ono cnxsano c cnmnromamn, nmnno ocrannxmmnmn my nncrnnno
nosmoxno sammnn yonnrnonnx. yxno, cnonarntno, onnart
cnmnromamn, ynnuroxnrt nx, cnart xax as ro, uro ryr or nac
ontno. nx ynnuroxnnx cnmnromon noxonmo nnyrtcx x nx
nosnnxnonnnm, oxnnnrt xon]nnxr, ns xorooro onn nonsomnn, n no-yromy
asmnrt ro c nomomtm raxnx nnxymnx cnn, xorotmn ontno n cno nmx
n acnonaran. 3ra nnsnx noncca ntrcnnnx moxr ocymcrnnrtcx nnmt
oruacrn no cnam nocnomnnann o nonccax, xorot nnnnn x ntrcnnnm.
mammax uacrt aort nontnarcx, xora n ornomnnn x nauy, n
nncnnn cosamrcx nont nananrt cratx xon]nnxron, n xorotx ontno
xorn t ncrn cx rax x, xax on nn cx n cno nmx, mxy rm xax,
ncnontsyx nc naxoxmncx n acnoxxnnn c nnno, xax n nornnocrnn
my, xonnnrnyrcx na ornomnnn x nauy; nn +rom cnmnromt nnsxno
nnmamrcx nnno. mcro nacroxm onsnn nannnra ntcrynar ncxyccrnnno
cosannax onsnt nncnnx, nmcro asnooasntx nant-
ntx oxron nnno - onxrt-raxn ]anracrnucxn oxr nnunocrn naua. o
nonax ota noxyr +roro oxra c nomomt naunoro nnymnnx nonnmarcx
na ntcmym ncnxnucxym crynnt, ona norxar xax nomantnt ymnnt
xon]nnxr. naroax romy, uro yarcx nsxart nonoro ntrcnnnx,
oruyxnnocrt mxy n nnno nxamarcx n noccranannnnarcx ymnno
nncrno nnunocrn. Kora nnno cnona ornxrcx or nmnnoro oxra
nnunocrn naua, ono n moxr nnyrtcx x cnonm nxnnm oxram n ocrarcx
n acnoxxnnn . nnamn, nornn xorotx nnact ota no nmx +ro
rannrnucxo aort, xnnxmrcx, c ono croont, anrnnarnx x
onnnntm nanannnnocrxm nnno, ntasnnmaxcx n nn cxnonnocrn x
ntrcnnnm, a c yro croont, nnnxsunnocrt nnn nnnnnunnocrt nnno,
xoroo noxorno ocrannxr xora-ro sanxrt (esetzte) nm oxrt.
annrnucxax aora, raxnm oasom, acnaarcx na n ]ast; n nno
]as nc nnno orrcnxrcx or cnmnromon n nncnn n ram
xonnnrnyrcx, no nroo ]as nrcx ota noxyr +roro nonoro
oxra, n nnno ocnooxarcx or nro. n +rom nonom xon]nnxr mammnm
nx naronnxrnoro ncxoa nsmnnnm xnnxrcx ycrannn ntrcnnnx, rax
uro nnno n moxr onxrt ycxontsnyrt or nn nomomn rcrna n
ccosnarntno. 3ro cranonnrcx nosmoxntm naroax nsmnnnm , xoroo
conmarcx no nnnxnnm naunoro nnymnnx. naroax aor ronxonannx,
nnamamm ccosnarntno n cosnarntno, ynnnunnarcx sa cur +roro
ccosnarntnoro, naroax asxcnnnm ono mnnrcx c nnno n cxnonxrcx
onycrnrt nx nro xaxo-ro yonnrnonn, a ro crax n ronannxmn
nnno ymntmarcx naroax nosmoxnocrn ocnoonrtcx or
ro uacrn noccrnom cynnmannn. m ontm noncct nn nunnn
connaamr c +rnm nantntm onncannm, rm naxn yr ycnx
ncnxoanannrnucxo rannn. n +romy ycnxy moxr nonoxnrt
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nocrarounax nonnxnocrt nnno, nornnxmrocx romy, urot ocrannrt cnon
oxrt, n ynocrno nannccnsma, n nosnonxmmro nncnnm ntrn sa
nsncrnt rannnt. Moxr trt, mt nomm m nyum nnamnxy norcca
ntsoonnnnx, cnn samrnm, uro mt ynannnnam nc nnno, ymm ns-no
nnacrn , ornnxax ro uacrt na cx naroax nncnnm.
Vmcrno raxx nynnrt, uro ns acnnnn nnno, ycranonnnmnxcx no
nmx nunnx n naroax my, nntsx nart nnoccrnnno saxnmunn o
acnnnnn nnno no nmx onsnn. nonoxnm, uro nam yanoct
onrtcx naronnxrnoro ncxoa xaxoro-nno cnyuax naroax cosannm n
ycrannnm nncnnx cnntntx uyncrn c orna na naua, no tno t
nnannntno saxnmunrt, uro ontno antm craan raxo ccosnarntno
nnnxsannocrtm cnoro nnno x orny. ncnn c orna - +ro rontxo non
nrnt, na xoroom mt oonnam nnno; nnno ontnoro tno nanannno
rya c yrnx nosnnn. 3ro non nrnt n ncra acnonararcx nosn onoro
ns naxntx yxnnnn nara. 3amnra naxcxo cronnnt n onxna nnmnno
noncxonrt y noor. ontxo nocn roro xax nncnn onxrt ycranno,
moxno mtcnnno xoncrynonart acnnnn nnno, nmnm mcro no
nmx onsnn.
rouxn snnx ronn nnno mt moxm cxasart nocnn cnono n no nonoy
cnonnnnx. nonnnnx nnornxon, xax n nx omnount crnnx n cnoono
nnxoxmn nm n ronony mtcnn, nomoramr nam yraart cmtcn cnmnromon n
onayxnrt asmmnn nnno. ]om ncnonnnnx xnannx onn noxastnamr
nam, xaxn xnannx nonrnnct ntrcnnnm n x xaxnm oxram nnnxsanoct
nnno, ornxro y . o+romy n ncnxoanannrnucxom nunnn ronxonann
cnonnnn nrar ontmym ont n n nxorotx cnyuaxx nnrntno nmx
xnnxrcx camtm naxntm ccrnom aort. Mt yx snam, uro camo cocroxnn
cna nnnonr x nsncrnomy ocnannnm ntrcnnnx. naroax raxomy
ymntmnnm oxastnamoro na nro annnnx cranonnrcx nosmoxntm roaso
on xcno ntaxnn ntrcnnnoro noyxnnx no cn, um my moxr
nocrannrt cnmnrom n runn nx. syunn cnonnnnx cranonnrcx camtm
yontm nyrm nx osnaxomnnnx c ntrcnnntm ccosnarntntm, xoroomy
nnnanxnr n ornxro y nnno.
o cnonnnnx nnornxon, no cymcrny, n ornnuamrcx or cnonnnn
nomantntx nm; nx, moxr trt, noom nntsx ornnunrt yr or yra.
nno tno t cunrart cnonnnnx nnnoontntx n nmmmnmn ornomnnx x
cnonnnnxm nomantntx nm. Mt onxnt no+romy cxasart, uro asnnun
mxy nnosom n soontm cymcrnyr rontxo nm, no n acnocranxrcx
na xnsnt no cn. Mt ntnyxnt nncrn n na soonoro unonxa x
nnonoxnn, xorot ntrxamr ns ornomnnx mxy cnonnnnxmn n
cnmnromamn y nnornxa. Mt n moxm ornnart, uro n soont unonx nmr
n cno ymnno xnsnn ro, uro rontxo n nar nosmoxntm xax oasonann
cnonnnn, rax n oasonann cnmnromon, n mt onxnt cnart ntno, uro n
on nonsnn ntrcnnnx n ynornxr nsncrnt ycnnnx, urot coxannrt nx,
uro ro cncrma ccosnarntnoro cxtnar ntrcnnnt, no nc m
onaammn +nrn noyxnnx n uro uacrt ro nnno n naxonrcx n
acnoxxnnn ro . soont unonx, cnonarntno, xnnxrcx
nornnnantntm nnornxom, no cnonnnn, no-
nnnmomy, nncrnnnt cnmnrom, xorot on cnocon oasonart. cnn
nonrnyrt on croromy anannsy ro xnsnt n ocrnonannn, ro orxorcx
ro, uro nornnounr +ro nnnmocrn, ro, uro +ra mnnmosoonax xnsnt
nonnsana ncmrntm xonnucrnom nnuroxntx, naxrnucxn nsnaunrntntx
cnmnromon.
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asnnun mxy ymnntm soontm n nnosom ntnonrcx ns naxrnucxnx
cooaxnn n onnxrcx no syntrary - ocranact nn y annoro nnna n
ocrarouno m cnoconocrt nacnaxartcx n aorocnoconocrt? no
cnonrcx, noxrno, x nxrnnnomy ornomnnm mxy ocranmnmcx cnoontm n
cnxsanntm ntrcnnnm xonnucrnamn +nrnn n nmr xonnucrnnnt, a n
xaucrnnnt xaaxr. Mn nsaum nam nanomnnart, uro +ror nsrnx
rornucxn oocnontnar nnnnnnnantnym nsnunmocrt nnoson, ncmorx na
ro, uro n ocnon nx nxnr xoncrnrynnonantnax nacnonoxnnocrt.
or nc, uro mt nx xaaxrncrnxn soontx moxm ntncrn ns ]axra
nnrnunocrn cnonnnn y soontx n nnornxon. o Mt cxoo noom x
xonny. trt moxr, nt asouaonant, uro no rm ncnxoanannrnucxo rannn
x nsnoxnn rontxo rornucxn nsrnxt n nnuro n cxasan o ycnonnxx, n
xorotx naunnarcx nunn, n o ycnxax, xorotx ono ocrnrar. o x
onycxam n ro n yro. no - noromy uro x n conamct anart nam
naxrnucxo yxonocrno no nonnnm ncnxo-
anannsa, a nroo - noromy uro mnx yxnnamr or +roro mnorn mornnt.
nauan namnx c x nouxnyn, uro nn naronnxrntx ycnonnxx mt
onnamcx raxnx ycnxon n nunnn, xorot n ycrynamr camtm nyumnm
ycnxam n onacrn rannn nnyrnnnx onsn, n x mory m oannrt, uro
nx nntsx tno t ocrnut nnxaxnm yrnm nyrm. xaxn x ontm, mnx
sanoosnnn t n rom, uro x xouy xnamo sarnymnrt cranmn romxnmn
ronoca nonontcrna. ac ncnxoanannrnxon nonoxarno ax na
o]nnnantntx xonrccax ntaxanact yrosa co croont nau-"xonnr", uro
coannm cnyuan nyau anannsa n nnunnnnoro nm na onn orxomr rnasa
craxym nynnx na manonnnocrt +roro mroa nunnx. o raxo
coann, nsanncnmo or snonoro, onoconoonoro xaaxra +ro mt, n
cmorno t nocrannrt nosmoxnocrt ntaorart nannntno cyxnn o
rannrnucxo crnnnocrn anannsa. nannrnucxax rannx, xax nt
snar, monoa; nyxno tno mnoro nmnn, urot ntaorart coornrcrnymmym
rxnnxy, n +ro morno nonsorn rontxo no nmx aort n no nnnxnnm
nosacrammro ontra. cncrnn rynocr oyunnx nau, naunnammn
sannmartcx ncnxoanannsom, n ontm m, um yro cnnnanncr, ntnyxn
conmncrnonartcx camocroxrntno, n ycnxn nntx ro aor nnxora n
nosnonxmr cynrt o crnnrntno +]]xrnnnocrn anannrnucxo rannn.
Mnorn nontrxn nunnx n yannct n nno nmx ncnontsonannx anannsa,
noromy uro on nnmnxncx n cnyuaxx, xorot noom n noxoxr nx +roro
mroa n xorot cronx mt ncxnmuam naroax namnm nsrnxam na ro
nasnaunn. o +ro nasnaunn morno trt ycranonnno rontxo na ocnonannn
ontra. cno nmx n snann saan, uro naanox n
Dementia praeco n xxo ntaxnntx ]omax nnonnacrnt anannsy, n ntrannct
nnmnxrt +ror mro nn ncx saonnannxx. naxo ontmnncrno nyau
nntx nr nonsomno n no nnn naua nnn ncncrnn nnoxoxmro
oxra, a ns-sa nnaronnxrntx nnmnnx ycnonn. am rmo tnn rontxo
nnyrnnn conornnnnnx nannnra, xorot nnsxnt n noonnmt. nmnn
conornnnnnx, oxastnamt anannsy ycnonnxmn xnsnn ontnoro, ro
oxyxnnm, nmmr nsnaunrntnt rornucxn nnrc, no oromno
naxrnucxo snaunn. cnxoanannrnucxo nunn moxno cannnrt c
xnyrnucxnm nmmarntcrnom, n ono rox ryr camtx naronnxrntx
ycnonn nx yaunoro nonnnx. t snar, xaxn mt otuno
nnnnnmar nn +rom xnyr: coornrcrnymm nommnn, xoom
ocnmnn, accncrnrt, orcrannn ocrnnnnxon n r. . rnt cnocnr
cx, cxontxo ns +rnx onann saxonunnoct t narononyuno, cnn t onn
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nannct n nncyrcrnnn ncx unnon cmtn, cymmnx cno noc n onannonno
non n romxo ncxnxnnammnx nn xaxom ass noxa. n
ncnxoanannrnucxom nunnn nmmarntcrno ocrnnnnxon - nxmax onacnocrt
n nmnno raxax, x xoroo n snamt xax orncrnct. Mt roront x nnyrnnnm
conornnnnnxm nannnra, xorot cunram noxonmtmn, no xax samnrnrtcx
or +rnx nnmnnx conornnnnn? ocrnnnnxamn nannnra nntsx cnannrtcx
nn nomomn xaxnx-nno asxcnnn, nx nnosmoxno ynrt xartcx n
croon or ncro na, n nnxora nntsx trt c nnmn saono, noromy uro
ncxymt norxrt onn ontnoro, xorot cnannnno ryr, urot
nnno, nontsymmcx ro onnm, tno na ro croon. Kro noom snar,
xaxn asnornacnx uacro asnamr cmtm, ror n n xaucrn anannrnxa n
yr ynnnn, ysnan, uro nnsxn ont-
noro noxnnxmr nouac mntm nnrca x ro ntsoonnnnm, um x romy,
urot on ocrancx raxnm, xaxon on crt. am, r nnos cnxsan c
xon]nnxramn mxy unnamn cmtn, xax +ro uacro tnar, soont onro n
asymtnar na ntoom mxy cnonm nnrcom n ntsoonnnnm ontnoro.
uro ynnnxrtcx, uro myxy n nannrcx nunn, nn xoroom, xax on nmr
ocnonann nnonarart, ncxtnarcx x ro nrmnn; mt n rontxo n
ynnnxmcx +romy, no n n moxm ynxart cx, cnn namn ycnnnx ocramrcx
cnnontmn nnn nxnmnno nxamamrcx, noromy uro x conornnnnnm
ontno xnmnnt nnannxrcx conornnnnn myxa. Mt crmnmcx x umy-ro
raxomy, uro n cymcrnymmnx ycnonnxx tno nntnonnnmo.
mcro mnornx cnyuan x accxaxy nnmt onn, xora x ns nauntx
cooaxnn tn ocyxn na ont nocraanmro. Mnoro nr romy nasa x
nncrynnn x anannrnucxomy nunnm monoo nymxn, xoroax ns-sa craxa
yx onro nmx n morna ntxonrt na ynnny n ocranartcx ona oma.
ontnax nocrnnno nnsnanact, uro ]anrasn sannann cnyuant
cnnrntcrna cymcrnonannx nxntx ornomnn mxy martm n
cocroxrntntm yrom oma. o ona tna raxo nnonxo nnn raxo xnro,
uro namxnyna marn na ro, uro ocyxanoct na anannrnucxnx cancax,
nnum, nsmnnn cno nonnn no ornomnnm x marn, ona nacrannana na
rom, urot rontxo mart nsannxna t or craxa ocranartcx ono, n,
xora ra xorna yrn ns oma, nonnax craxa, nraxana oory x
nn. Mart cama antm tna ount nnno, no ncxontxo nr romy nasa
ntnunnact n rnonarnucxo nunnn. 3amrnm x +romy, uro n ro
nunnn ona nosnaxomnnact c myxunno, c xorotm morna ncrynnrt n
cnomnnx, yon-
nrnonnmn no ncx ornomnnxx. oaxnnax yntmn ronannxmn
nymxn, mart nyr nonxna, uro osnauan crax oun. na nosnonnna
c saonrt, urot cnart mart nnnnnn n nnmnrt cnoot
nnnxnnx, noxonmo nx ncrun c nosnmnnntm. tcro nnnxn
mnn, mart noxonunna c nntm nunnm. nymxa tna ocrannna n
nunnny nx nnnoontntx n n runn mnornx nr moncrnonann xax
"ncuacrnym xrny ncnxoanannsa". ax x onro ns-sa ornnarntnoro
syntrara nunnx +roro cnyuax oo mn xonna ynax monna. xannn
monuann, noromy uro cunran cx cnxsanntm onrom nauno rant. Mnoro
nmnn cnycrx x ysnan or cnoro xonnrn, xorot nocrnn ry nunnny n
nnn ram nymxy, craanmym aroa]on, uro ornomnnx mxy martm
n cocroxrntntm yrom oma nsncrnt ncmy rooy n nontsymrcx oonnm
myxa n orna. rax, n xrny +ro "ran" tno nnncno nunn.
ononnt rot, xora nanntn ontntx ns mnornx cran cnan mnx
nsanncnmtm or mnnocr nnn nmnnocr onoro rooa, x cnonan nannny
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n artcx sa nunn ontnoro, xorot n tn t sui juris,* nsanncnmtm
or yrnx n cnonx cymcrnnntx xnsnnntx ornomnnxx. ncxxn
ncnxoanannrnx moxr c +ro nosnonnrt. Moxr trt, ns monx
nocrxnn nornn ocrnnnnxon nt cnar ntno, uro n nnrcax
ncnxoanannsa ontntx cnyr nsonnonart or nx cm, r. . orannunrt +ry
rannm onrarnxmn nunnn nx nnnoontntx. naxo x n mory c namn n
+rom cornacnrtcx; roaso nyum, cnn ontnt - nocxontxy onn n naxoxrcx
n cocroxnnn rxxnoro ncromnnx - ocramrcx no nmx nunnx n
- ---------------------------------------
* amocroxrntntm (nar.) - nm. n.
rx ycnonnxx, n xorotx nm ncronr noonnart nocrannnnt n nnmn
saaun. ontxo ont cnonm nonnnm n onxnt nnmart nx +roro
nnmymcrna n noom n nornnnrtcx c naxnocrtm ycnnnxm naua. o xax
nt sacrannr crnonart n +rom nanannnnn nocrynnt nam ]axrot! t,
xonuno, oratnarct raxx, nacxontxo manct na ycnx nunnx
onnxmrcx connantno co n yonnm xyntryt cmtn.
nana nn, +ro namuar nctma nuantnym ncnxrnny ycnnnnx
crnnnocrn ncnxoanannsa xax rannn, ax cnn noannxmm ontmnncrno
namnx nyau mt moxm oxcnnrt, yunrtnax mmammn nnmnn ]axrot! ora
croonnnxn anannsa noconronann nam ornrnrt na coann nyau
cocrannnno namn crarncrnxo ycnxon. n na +ro n cornacnncx.
ntnnnyn ono, uro crarncrnxa nnuro n cronr, cnn nxnmunnt n n
nnnnt cnnmxom nonoont, a cnyuan nnornucxoro saonnannx,
nonrnyrt nunnm, tnn crnnrntno nannonnnt n camtx asnnuntx
ornomnnxx. Kom roro, accmarnnamt nno nmnn tn cnnmxom
xoorox, urot cynrt o oxonuarntnom nsnunnn, a o mnornx cnyuaxx
noom nntsx tno coomart. 3ro xacanoct nnn, xorot cxtnann cnom
onsnt, a raxx rx, nunn n ntsoonnnn xorotx rox onxno tno
ocranartcx rano. o cnntn ncro yxnnano cosnann roro, uro n nax
rannn nmn nyr cx xan nannonantno, rax uro nr nnxaxo naxt
onrtcx or nnx uro-nnyt asymntmn ccrnamn. annrnucxo
nonmcrno ncruarcx nno c ontxnxmmnm nocrorom, nannm, rora, xora
Kox cnan ocroxnnm omcrnnnocrn cno nnt ryxynnn nornn
ryxynsa, nno c rnyoxnm nonnm, xax +ro tno c crnnrntno
nonsno nnnnnxo xnna, xoroax no
c nt nmr cnonx nnnmnnmtx nornnnnxon. ornn ncnxoanannsa nmnoct
xnno nyxnn. cnn nsnunnancx rynt cnyua, moxno tno cntmart:
+ro n oxasarntcrno, sa +ro nmx on n cam mor t ntsoonrt. cnn
ontnax, xoroax nomna yx urt nnxna yyunnocrn n mannn, nonana xo
mn na nunn no nmx nayst nocn mnanxonnn n rn nnn cnycrx y n
onxrt nauanact mannx, ro nc unnt cmtn, a raxx nau c ontmnm
anronrrom, x xoroomy oarnnnct sa conrom, tnn yxnt, uro nont
nncryn moxr trt rontxo cncrnnm cnanno c n nontrxn anannsa.
ornn nyxnn nnuro nntsx cnart; rnt nt nnnr +ro na
nyxnnxx, xorot ona rynna nommmnx naoon noxnnna nornn
yro. amo asymno - xart n nocrannrt nmnn onayxnrt nx
cocroxrntnocrt. onn nxacnt nt r x camt nmn o rx x camtx
nmax naunnamr ymart concm nnau, um nx; noumy onn antm rax n
ymann, ocrarcx rmno rano.
osmoxno, uro nyxnn nornn anannrnucxo rannn yx rnt nomno
na ytnt. nontsy +roro xax yro cnnrntcrnymr nntnno
acnocrannn anannrnucxnx ron, ynnnunn n nxorotx cranax uncna
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nau, nuamnx anannsom. Kora x tn monotm nauom, ro ncrrnncx c
raxo x y nosmymnnx nau nornn rnnnornucxoro cyrrcrnnnoro
nunnx, xoroo "rsnt ronont" rnt nornnonocrannxmr ncnxoanannsy.
o rnnnornsm xax rannrnucxo ccrno n cnan roro, uro oman
nnauan; mt, ncnxoanannrnxn, moxm cunrart cx ro saxonntmn nacnnnxamn
n n satnam, nacxontxo oxsant my noxxo n rornucxnmn
asxcnnnxmn. nnnctnamt ncnxoanannsy n orannunnarcx n ocnonnom
noxoxmnmn xnnnnxmn ncncrnn
oocrnnx xon]nnxra, cnn ananns nononrcx nymno nnn cnn on
otnarcx na cnn. t nt cntmann orur o rom, uro mt nam c
ontntmn, n moxr camn cynrt, cnocont nn namn crnnx nancrn
nnrntnt n. 3noynornnn anannsom nosmoxno n asnnuntx ]omax;
oconno nncnn xnnxrcx onacntm ccrnom n yxax nooconcrnoro
naua. o or snoynornnnx n sacraxonano nn ono mnnnncxo ccrno
nnn mro; cnn nox n xr, on rox n moxr cnyxnrt ntsoonnnnm.
or x n noomn x xonny, ynaxamt amt n rocnoa. +ro ontm, um
nnntunt uno ooor, cnn x nnsnam, uro mnx camoro yyuamr
mnorouncnnnt nocrarxn nxnn, xorot x nam noun. x ncro, mn
xant, uro x rax uacro oman nam nnyrtcx x na saronyro rm n yrom
mcr, a sarm omax cnxst nsnoxnnx n anana mn nosmoxnocrn cxart
cno omann. nsxncx sa ro, urot nosnaxomnrt nac c m n saxonunntm,
naxoxmnmcx n asnnrnn nmrom, n mo coxamnno oomnn camo ntmno
nnonntm. nxorotx mcrax x nnroronnn marnan nx ntnoa, a cam n
cnan ro. o x n n accunrtnan na ro, urot cnart ns nac snaroxon, x
xorn nnmt nocnrnrt nac n noynrt nam nnrc.
KH X3 (1933
ncnonn
xnnn no nnnnm n ncnxoananns tnn nounrant n nxnnonnom san ncxo
ncnxnarnucxo xnnnnxn n runn nyx snmnnx cmcron 1915/16 r. n
1916/17 r. nx cmmanno aynronn cnymarn ncx ]axyntrron. xnnn
nno uacrn nosnnxnn xax nmnonnsannx n tnn norom casy x sanncant,
nxnnn nroo uacrn tnn nororonnnt nrom no nmx ntnannx n
3antnyr n s nsmnnn cnymm snmo nounrant cnymarnxm. ora y
mnx m tna ]onora]nucxax namxrt.
ornnun or nomntx annt nont nxnnn nnxora nounrant n tnn. o
nosacry x ocnooxn ax or raxoro nsnaunrntnoro yuacrnx n nax
ynnncnrra, xax urnn nxnn, a n xnyrnucxax onannx n nosnonxr
mn ontm ntcrynart n xaucrn oaroa. o+romy nnmt cnno ]anrasnn x
nnont nncyct n aynronm nx nsnoxnnx nocnymmro marnana - nycrt
ona nomoxr mn n satnart ornxtnartcx na unrarnx nn yrnynnnn n
nmr.
3rn nont nxnnn nn n xo m n samnxmr ntymn. nn noom n
xnnxmrcx um-ro camocroxrntntm n n accunrant na cno xyr unrarn, a
noonxamr n ononnxmr annn nxnnn n no ornomnnm x nnm acnaamrcx na
rn rynnt. K nno rynn ornocxrcx r, n xorotx nnont asaartnamrcx
rmt, yx ocyxanmncx nxrnanart nr romy nasa, no rymmn cronx
yroro nsnoxnnx, r. . xnrnucxoro ncmora no nnunn yrnynnnx
namnx nsrnxon n nsmnnnx nossnn. n yrn rynnt nxnmuamr,
cocrnnno, on omnnt marnan, r accmarnnamrcx cnyuan, xorotx
nno noom n cymcrnonano n ro nmx, xora unrannct nnt nxnnn no
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ncnxoanannsy, nno nx tno cnnmxom mano, urot ntnnrt n ocoym rnany.
ntsx nsxart roro, a o +rom n cronr n coxanrt, uro nxorot ns
+rnx nontx nxnn onnxr n c urt ro n yro rynnt.
3anncnmocrt +rnx nontx nxnn or xnn no nnnnm ntaxarcx n n rom,
uro onn noonxamr nx nymannm. nax nxnnx +roro roma - 29-x.
o]ccnonantnomy anannrnxy onn ayr onxrt-raxn mano nonoro, a oamamrcx
x ro ontmo rynn oasonanntx nm, xorot mornn t noxnnrt
narocxnonnt, xorx n cxannt nnrc x cnooasnm n ocrnxnnxm
monoo nayxn. na +ror as mo ocnonno nntm tno n crmnrtcx x
xaxymcx nocror, nonnor n saxonunnocrn, n cxtnart nonm, n
ornnart nonon n comnnn. n n xaxo yro onacrn nayuno aort n
nyxno tno t ntxastnart raxo roronnocrn x asymnomy camoorunnm. cmy
ona cunrarcx crcrnnno, nynnxa nnoro n n xr. n onn unrammn
aort no acronomnn n nouyncrnyr cx asouaonanntm n croxmnm ntm
nayxn, cnn my yxaxyr rannnt, y xorotx namn snannx o
ncnnno cranonxrcx nctma rymanntmn. ontxo n ncnxonornn nc no-yromy,
sct orannucxax nnnronocrt unonxa x nayunomy nccnonannm
noxnnxr cx n nonno m. r ncnxonornn xax yro rymr n ycnxon n
nosnannn, a xaxnx-ro yrnx ocrnxnn; ynxamr n nmo nmnno
nonm, n nmom orxonnno ntcxasannom comnnnn. Kro nmnr nayxy o xnsnn
ymn, ror onxn nnmnnrtcx n c +ro ncnannnnocrtm.
na, nro 1932 r.
H KH
cmor ronn cnonnnn
Vnaxamt amt n rocnoa! oan nac nocn on um nxrnanarnnrnro
ntna, urot ocynrt, uro nonoro, a moxr trt, n nyumro nncno sa
+ro nmx n ncnxoananns, x naxoxy no ncx ornomnnxx onananntm n
ymcrntm oarnrt nam nnnmann nx ncro na cocroxnn ronn
cnonnnn. ncronn ncnxoanannsa ona sannmar ocoo mcro, snamnyx
coo nonoornt nynxr; naroax ncnxoananns cnan mar or
ncnxorannrnucxoro mroa x rnynnno ncnxonornn. rx no ronx
cnonnnn ocrarcx camtm xaaxrntm n camtm cnooasntm n +ro monoo
nayx, n nmmmnm ananoron n namnx nounx yunnxx, yuacrxom nnnnt,
ornonanntm y cynn n mncrnxn(1). otunocrt ntnnramtx m
yrnxnn nnarnna n nont xamnt, c no-
- ---------------------------------------
(1) Vrnxnn ua o rom, uro "monoax nayxa" (ncnxoananns) ornonana
nsyunn cnonnnn "y cynn n mncrnxn", n moxr trt nnnxro n rom
cmtcn, yro ]nomn cnonnnn nonyunn nocnonarntno nayuno
oxcnnn. 3romy nnxrcrnonan nancxcyannsm ua. mcr c rm ntno
ua o onn n cnonnnnxx nocosnanno mornnannn cnococrnonan nayuno
asaorx +ro nonmarnxn.
momtm xorooro oxonuarntno onnnnoct, xro cmor crart nnnxnnm
ncnxoanannsa, a nx xoro on rax n ocrancx nancra nnocrnxnmtm. nx mnx
camoro ona tna naxntm onnrnom n r rynt nmna, xora nnonxrnt
xnnnnx n onacrn nnoson nouac cmymann mo noxnm cyxnn. xax
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t uacro x nn naunnan comnnartcx n nannntnocrn cnonx marxnx ntnoon,
ncxxn as, xora mn yananoct ncrannrt nnnmmy con ccmtcnnno,
sanyranno cnonnnn xax nannntnt n nonxrnt ymnnt noncc, x cnona
oran ynnnocrt n rom, uro naxoxyct na nnom nyrn.
axnm oasom, nx nac ncrannxr ocot nnrc nmnno na nnm
ronn cnonnnn nocnnrt, xaxn nsmnnnx nonsomnn sa +ro nmx, c
ono croont, n ncnxoananns n, c yro, xaxn ycnxn tnn ocrnrnyrt n
nonnmannn n onnx +ro ronn oxyxammnmn. asy x nynxam nac, uro
n oonx cnyuaxx nac xr asouaonann.
anar nmcr nnncram ntnycxn Mxynaonoro xynana no nunomy
ncnxoanannsy, n xorotx c 1913 r. coant nymn aort n nam onacrn.
nntx romax nt nar nocroxnnym ynxy " ronxonannn cnonnnn" c
mnorouncnnntmn crartxmn no asnnuntm acnxram ronn cnonnnn. o um
antm, rm x yyr nonaartcx raxn crartn, noxa nocroxnnax ynxa n
ncusnr concm. nannrnxn nyr cx rax, xax yro nm ontm nuro
cxasart o cnonnnnn, xax yro asaorxa ronn cnonnnn nonnocrtm
sanmna. o cnn nt cnocnr, uro ymamr o ronxonannn cnonnnn nnna,
croxmn ncxontxo n croon, - mnorouncnnnt ncnxnart n ncnxorannrt,
rmmn yxn y namro xocra, xcrarn, ax n cunrax nyxntm nonaroanrt
sa rocrnnnmcrno, rax nastnamt oasonannt nmn, xorot nmmr
otxnonnn noxnartnart nayunt cncannn, nnr-
arot n mnoxax nynnxa, ro ornr yr m mn yrmnrntntm. xorot
nonoxnnx crann omnsncrnt, cn nnx n raxn, xorotx mt nnxora n
ntnnrann, xax, nannm, rsnc o rom, uro nc cnonnnnx yro t nocxr
cxcyantnt xaaxr, a raxn naxnt nmn, xax nnnnnnnantno asnnun
mxy xnntm coxannm cnonnnnx n ro cxtrtmn mtcnxmn, nnn nonoxnn,
cornacno xoroomy cnonnnnx, cononoxammncx craxamn, n nornnouar
raxo ]ynxnnn cnonnnnx, xax ncnonnnn xnann, nnn nnosmoxnocrt
ronxonannx cnonnnnx, cnn n acnonaramt ornocxmnmncx x nmy
acconnannxmn nnnmro con, n nx ncro ntno o rom, uro cyrtm
cnonnnnx xnnxrcx noncc aort cnonnnnx, - nc +ro or ncomro
cosnannx, no-nnnmomy, nourn rax x anxo, xax n rnnart nr romy nasa.
nmm nano rononrt rax, noromy uro sa +ro nmx nonyunn cuncnnno
mnoxcrno nncm, anrot xorotx nnaramr cnonnnnx nx ronxonannx nnn
rymr cnnn o nno cnonnnnx, yrnxax, uro nounn onxonann
cnonnnn (1900a), n nc-raxn ntanax n xaxom nnoxnnn cno nonno
nnonnmann nam ronn cnonnnn. 3ro noyxar nac m as
nocnonarntno nsnoxnrt nc, uro mt snam o cnonnnnxx. t nomnnr, uro
n nomnt as mt nocnxrnnn nnt x nxnn romy, urot noxasart, xax mt
nnmnn x nonnmannm +roro o cnx no m n oxcnnnoro ncnxnucxoro
]nomna.
rax, cnn nam xro-ro, nannm nannnr, no nmx ncnxoanannsa
accxastnar o xaxom-ro cnom cnonnnnn, mt nnonaram, uro on nar
nam ono ns rx coomnn, x xorotm ro oxstnar nunn anannrnucxnm
mroom. ana, coomnn nnoxoxmnmn ccrnamn, nt camo no c
cnonnnn n xnnxrcx connantntm noxnnnnm nnn ccrnom o-
mnnx. Mt nt rox n nonnmam, uro nam xorn cxasart nnnmn con, a n
cam on snar +ro n nyum. 3ct nam noxonmo casy x nnnxrt mnn:
nnn, xax ynxmr nac naun-nncnxoanannrnxn, cnonnnn cnnrntcrnyr o
rom, uro nnnmn con nocro nnoxo cnan, uro n nc uacrn ro mosra
onnaxono oxasannct n cocroxnnn noxox, uro orntnt ro yuacrxn no
nnnxnnm nnsncrntx asaxnrn noonxann aorart n nann +ro nctma
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nconmnntm oasom. cnn +ro rax, ro mt nnan n sannmartcx ontm
+rnm cnonsntm noyxrom ncnxnxn, mmammnm nounomy cny. ro nonsnoro
nx namnx nn moxno oxnart or ro nccnonannx? nn x, samrnm c,
mt saan nnnnmam yro mnn. Mt nnonaram, nocrynnym -
nnsnamct, ocrarouno nonsnontno, uro ax +ro nnonxrno cnonnnn
xnnxrcx nonnonanntm, ocmtcnnntm n nctma snaunmtm ncnxnucxnm axrom,
xorot mt moxm ncnontsonart nn ananns xax m ono coomnn nannnra.
ant nn mt, noxaxr rontxo ycnmnocrt nccnonannx. cnn nam yacrcx
nnarnrt cnonnnn n raxo snaunmo ntcxastnann, ro n namn,
ounnno, orxorcx ncnxrnna ysnart nono, nonyunrt coomnnx raxoro
xaaxra, xorot nnau ocrannct t nx nac nocrynntmn.
y a rnt n namn ncramr nc rynocrn nocrannnno saaun n saraxn
accmarnnamo nonmt. Kaxnm x oasom nnarnrt cnonnnn n raxo
nomantno coomnn n xax oxcnnrt ror ]axr, uro uacrt ntcxastnann
nannnra nnnnmar nnonxrnym xax nx nro, rax n nx nac ]omy?
t nnnr, ynaxamt amt n rocnoa, uro na +ror as x ny nyrm n
rnrnucxoro, a ormarnucxoro nsnoxnnx. ntm namnm marom yr nonax
ycranonxa no ornomnnm x nonm cnonnnnx naroa-
x nnnnm nyx nontx nonxrn, nasnann. o, uro nastnamr cnonnnnm, mt
nastnam rxcrom cnonnnnx, nnn xnntm cnonnnnm, a ro, uro mt nmm,
nnonaram, rax cxasart, sa cnonnnnm, - cxtrtmn mtcnxmn cnonnnnx.
namn saaun mt moxm c]omynnonart an cnymmnm oasom: mt onxnt
xnno cnonnnn nnarnrt n cxtro n ncrannrt c, xaxnm oasom n
ymnno xnsnn nnxmro con +ro nocnn cranonnrcx nntm. nax uacrt
aort - naxrnucxax, +ro saaua ronxonannx cnonnnn, rymmax
onnnno rxnnxn; nroax - rornucxax, ona onxna oxcnnrt
nnonaramt noncc aort cnonnnnx n moxr trt rontxo ron.
rxnnxy ronxonannx cnonnnn, n ronm aort cnonnnnx cnyr cosart
sanono.
uro x mt naunm? nonaram, c rxnnxn ronxonannx cnonnnn; +ro yr
narnxn n nonsnr na nac on xnno nnuarnnn.
rax, nannnr accxasan cnonnnn, xoroo mt onxnt ncronxonart. Mt ro
cnoxono ntcnymann, n nycxaxct n asmtmnnnx. ro mt nam cnauana?
ocraamcx mn ncro saornrtcx o rom, uro ycntmann, r. . o xnnom
cnonnnnn. Konuno, +ro xnno cnonnnn onaar ncnosmoxntmn
cnocrnamn, xorot nam ornmt n sasnnunt. no moxr trt cnxsntm,
urxnm no xomnosnnnn, xax no+rnucxo nonsnnn, nnn nnonxrno
sanyranntm, nourn xax , moxr coxart +nmnrt acynoro nnn
ocrort n xaxymncx rnyoxnmn ymosaxnmunnx, ono moxr trt nx nnnmro
con xcntm n orurnnntm nnn cmyrntm n acnntnuartm, ro oast moryr
onayxnrt nonnym cnny uyncrnnntx nocnnxrn nnn trt xax rnn, xax
nxcno ynonnn, n onom cnonnnnn moryr cornct camt asnnunt
nnsnaxn, nncymn asntm nmam, naxonn, cnonnnn moxr trt
oxamno n nnn]]nrnt +monnonantnt ron nnn cononoxartcx cnntnmnmn
aocrntmn nnn nnnxrntmn +monnxmn - n ymar, uro mt n nnam
nnxaxoro snaunnx +romy cxonunomy mnorooasnm xnnoro cnonnnnx,
nosn mt x nmy nnmcx n nam n nm ount mnoro nnnoro nx
ronxonannx, no noxa ocrannm ro n nom rm rnanntm nyrm, xorot nr
nac x ronxonannm cnonnnnx. 3ro snaunr, uro mt norym or nnnmro con
ocnoonrtcx or nnuarnnnx xnnoro cnonnnnx, nanannn ro nnnmann or
nnoro x orntntm ]armnram coxannx cnonnnnx n nnoxnn coomnrt
nam no noxxy, uro my nnxonr n ronony no nonoy xaxoro ns +rnx
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]armnron, xaxn y nro nosnnxamr acconnannn, cnn on accmornr nx n
orntnocrn.
nana nn, +ro ocoax rxnnxa, a n nnntunt cnoco oamnnx c
coomnnm nnn ntcxastnannm? t oratnarct, xonuno, uro sa +rnm
nnmom xomrcx nnoctnxn, xorot m n tnn ntcxasant. o nom
antm. xaxo nocnonarntnocrn mt nnaram nannnry accmarnnart
]armnrt ro cnonnnnx? 3ct n namn orxtnarcx ncxontxo nyr. Mt
moxm nnxnnartcx xononornucxoro noxxa, xorot ntrxar ns
accxasa cnonnnnx. 3ro, rax cxasart, camt crorn, xnaccnucxn mro.
nn mt moxm nonocnrt nnnmro con narn cnauana n cnonnnnn ocrarxn
nnntx nnuarnnn, noromy uro ontr yunr nac, uro nourn n xaxom
cnonnnnn ncnntnar xaxo-ro ]armnr nocnomnnannx nnn namx na cotrn
nmcrnymmro cnonnnnm nx, uacro na ncxontxo raxnx cotrn, n cnn
mt nocnym sa +rnmn cnxsxmn, ro uacro casy x nam nxo or
xaxymrocx anxnm mna cnonnnnx x antno xnsnn nannnra. nn x mt
nnoxnm my nauart c rx +nmnron coxannx cnonnnnx, xoro-
t my sanomnnnnct ncncrnn nx ocoo orurnnnocrn n uyncrnnno cnnt.
nam nsncrno, uro xax as nn nomomn +rnx +nmnron my yr oconno
nrxo ntsnart acconnannn. sasnnuno, xaxnm nmnno ns +rnx cnocoon mt
nonyunm ncxomt acconnannn.
nor mt ntsnann +rn acconnannn. ro n nnx rontxo nr: nocnomnnannx o
nuamnm n, o n, nmcrnonanmm cnonnnnm, n o anno mnnynmnx
nmnax, asmtmnnnx, ncxyccnn co ncmn sa n nornn, nnsnannx n
nonoct. xorot ns nnx rax n ctnnmrcx ns nannnra, n yrnmn on na
xaxo-ro momnr ocranannnnarcx. ontmnncrno ns nnx onayxnnar urxym
cnxst c xaxnm-nno +nmnrom cnonnnnx; +ro nynnnrntno, nt onn
ncxoxr ns +rnx +nmnron, no cnyuarcx, uro nannnr nnaxr nx
cnonamn: "Kaxrcx, +ro n nmr nnxaxoro ornomnnx x cnonnnnm, x ronom
o +rom noromy, uro +ro nnmno mn n ronony".
tcnyman +ror norox nnsanntx mtcn, ncxo samuamt, uro c coxannm
cnonnnnx onn on rcno cnxsant, um nocro xax ncxont momnrt. nn
nyr ntcnunnamr nc uacrn cnonnnnx, sanonnxmr nont mxy nnmn,
namr nonxrntmn nx crannt courannx. axonn, cranonnrcx xcntm
coornomnn mxy nnmn n coxannm cnonnnnx. nonnnn xnnxrcx
xarxo ntxnmxo ns acconnannn, xoroax tna cnana no noxa m
nnonxrntm nannnam, a ro +nmnrt ntcrynamr xax t nsanntmn
ncrannrnxmn ncro nx mnoxcrna. comnnno, uro naroax nam
rxnnx mt nonyunnn ro, uro sammarcx cnonnnnm n n um saxnmuarcx
ncnxnucxax nnnocrt cnonnnnx, no uro yx ontm n nmr cranntx
oconnocr cnonnnnx, ro notunocrn n sanyrannocrn.
o nomnr mnx nannntno! cconnannn x cnonnnnm m n xnnxmrcx
cxtrtmn mtcnxmn cnonnnnx. ocnnn coxarcx n acconnannxx, xax n
marounom acrno, no n nnnxom. ono croont, acconnannn amr roaso
ontm, um nam nyxno nx ]omynnonxn cxtrtx mtcn cnonnnnx, a nmnno
nc accyxnnx, nxot, cnxsn, xorot nnrnnxr nannnra onxn
nonsncrn nx nnnnxnnx x mtcnxm cnonnnnx. yro croont,
acconnannx uacro ocranannnnarcx xax as n mtcnxmn cnonnnnx, rontxo
nnnnsnnmnct x nnm n na xocnynmnct nx namxom. ora mt nmmnnamcx
camn, ononnxx nnmt cnrxa oosnaunno, nam nononxnmt ntnot,
ntcxastnam ro, uro nannnr n cnonx acconnannxx nnmt ncxontst ynomxnyn.
c rora naunnar ntrnxrt rax, xax yro mt myrx n nctma nonsnontno
nram c marnanom, xorot nnnmn con nocrannn n nam acnoxxnn,
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n snoynornxm +rnm, ncronxontnax ro ntcxastnannx n raxom cmtcn,
xorot nm n tn nncym; onaxo acraxrntmn accyxnnxmn noxasart
nanomnocrt namro noxoa nnrxo. onoyr nyum camn
noanannsnonart xaxo-nnyt cnonnnn nnn yrnynrct n xaxo-nnyt
xoomo onncannt n nnrary nnm, n nt ynrct, nacxontxo oocnonana
raxax naxrnxa ronxonannx(1).
cnn nn ronxonannn cnonnnnx mt sanncnm noom n n nnym out or
acconnann nnnmro con, ro no ornomnnm x onnnntm +nmnram co-
- ---------------------------------------
(1) Vrnxnn ua o nononxnmocrn ntnoon anannrnxa o cxtrtx
mtcnxx cnonnnnx n moxr trt nnsnano nannntntm, nocxontxy +rn ntnot
nmmr n xaucrn nnoctnxn annonym ncnm o cxcyantno cnmnonnx.
xannx cnonnnnx mt crnym nc x conmnno camocroxrntno n nx
ncro noromy, uro nnau nntsx, nocxontxy acconnannn ryr, xax nannno, n
roxrcx. Mt saan ormrnnn, uro +ro ornocnrcx x nnonn onnnntm
coxannxm, nx n rax mnoro, n naxonnnnt ontr yunr nac romy, uro nx
cnyr nonnmart n ronxonart xax cnmnont uro-ro yroro. ornnun or
yrnx +nmnron cnonnnnx nm moxno nnnncart nocroxnno snaunn,
xoroo noxsarntno onxno trt onnm n rm x, ro om onnxrcx
ocotmn, nnntuntmn nx nac nannnamn. ocxontxy mt ymm nnonrt +rn
cnmnont, a nnnmn con - nr, xorx on cam nx ynornn, moxr cnyunrtcx,
uro cmtcn cnonnnnx cranr nx nac conmnno xcn m o nontrox ro
ronxonannx, xax rontxo mt ycntmnm rxcr cnonnnnx, n ro nmx xax cam
nnnmn con m osaaun. o o cnmnonnx namnx snann o n, o nonmax,
xorot ona n namn crannr, x yx rax mnoro rononn n ntymnx
nxnnxx, uro cronx nr nyxt nonroxrtcx.
axon nam mro ronxonannx cnonnnn. osnnxar cnymmn, nnonn
onanannt nonoc: moxno nn c ro nomomtm ronxonart nc cnonnnnx?
ornr na nro raxon: nr, n nc, no cront mnorn, uro +ro yxar n
nnronocrn n onanannocrn mroa. oumy x, onaxo, n nc?
nxcnymmn ornr acr nam nuro naxno nx nonnmannx ncnxnucxnx
ycnonn oasonannx cnonnnnx: noromy uro aora no ronxonannm cnonnnn
conmarcx nonxn conornnnnnm, xoroo moxr mnxrtcx or na samrntx
nnnunn o crnnn conmnno nnoonnmo nrat, no xan m, nx
ccrn noscrnnx, xorotmn mt acnonaram n nacroxm nmx. oxnnnn
+roro conornnnnnx nntsx n samrnrt n noncc aort. nxorotx
cnyuaxx acconnannn nosnnxamr nsamnnrntno, n yx nnax nnn nroax ns
nnx nc
noxcnxr. yrnx cnyuaxx nannnr cnortxarcx n mnnr, nx um
ntcxasart xaxym-ro acconnannm, n rora sauacrym nnxonrcx ntcnymnnart
nnnnym nnt nnxoxmnx my n ronony mtcn, noxa n nonyunmt nuro
noxoxm nx nonnmannx cnonnnnx. Mt cnannnno cunram, uro um
nnnn n sanyrann acconnarnnnax nnt, rm cnntn conornnnnn. n
satnannn cnonnnn nam nnnrcx ro x nnnxnn. onontno uacro cnyuarcx,
uro nannnr, ncmorx na nc ycnnnx, n moxr ncnomnnrt xaxo-nnyt ns
cnonx cnonnnn. o nocn roro xax mt na xaxom-ro +ran anannrnucxo
aort ycrannm sarynnn, xoroo mmano nannntnomy ornomnnm nannnra
x anannsy, satro cnonnnn noxnanno noccranannnnarcx. K +romy nmmr
ornomnn n na yrnx nanmnnx. unt uacro cnyuarcx, uro ns xaxoro-ro
cnonnnnx cnauana ntnaar ]armnr, xorot sarm nnannxrcx xax
ononnnn. 3ro cnyr nonnmart xax nontrxy satrt +ror ]armnr. ntr
noxastnar, uro nmnno +ror ]armnr nmr nanontm snaunn; mt
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nnonaram, uro ro coomnnm nnxrcrnonano on cnntno
conornnnnn, um coomnnm yrnx. an, mt uacro samuam, uro
nnnmn con cam craarcx nornnocrnonart satnannm cnonx cnonnnn,
sannctnax nx nnoccrnnno nocn noyxnnx. Mt moxm my cxasart, uro
+ro cnonsno, rax xax conornnnnn, y xorooro on ornonan coxann
cnonnnnx, nnocnrcx rora na acconnannm n nar xnno cnonnnn
nocrynntm nx ronxonannx. n +rnx ycnonnxx n nnxonrcx ynnnxrtcx,
cnn antnm ycnnnn conornnnnnx noom noannxr acconnannn, nnmax
rm camtm nosmoxnocrn ronxonannx cnonnnnx.
s ncro +roro mt nam ntno, uro conornnnnn, xoroo mt samuam nn
aor na ronxonannm cnonnnnx, onxno yuacrnonart n n nosnnxnon-
nnn cnonnnnx. asnnuamrcx cnonnnnx, xorot nosnnxamr nn nannunn
nsnaunrntnoro nnn ontmoro annnnx conornnnnnx. o n +ro annnn
nonnaxono na norxxnnn onoro cnonnnnx; ono nnnonaro n nonax,
nxcnocrxx, nyrannn, xorot moryr naymnrt cnxsnocrt camoro nxacnoro
cnonnnnx.
o uro x cosar +ro conornnnnn n nornn uro ono? onornnnnn
xnnxrcx nx nac nntm nnsnaxom nxoro xon]nnxra. nnmo, crt xaxax-ro
cnna, xoroax xour uro-ro ntasnrt, n crt yrax, xoroax crmnrcx n
onycrnrt +roro. o, uro sarm ncrannxrcx xnntm cnonnnnm,
onnxr n c nc mnnx, n xorotx nonnornnact +ra ota nyx
crmnnn. onom mcr, nnnmo, ono cnn yanoct nonrtcx n cxasart,
uro xornoct, n yrnx mcrax nornnoocrnymm nncrannnn
nocuacrnnnnnoct nonnocrtm noracnrt roronxmcx coomnn nnn samnnrt ro
um-ro, uro n ncr na c nnxaxoro ro cna. am ncro ncruamrcx n
nanon xaaxrnt nx nosnnxnonnnx cnonnnnx cnyuan, n xorotx
xon]nnxr ntnnnarcx n xomnomncc, rax uro coomammax nncrannnx moxr
cxasart, uro xornoct, no n rax, xax xornoct, a nnmt cmxrunno,
ncxaxnno n nnnxrno. rax, cnn cnonnnn nar mtcnn cnonnnnx
nrouno, cnn ono nyxarcx n ronxonannn, urot nocnrt mocr us
nonacrt mxy nnmn, ro +ro sacnyra conornnnxmmcx, romosxm n
orannunnamm nncrannnn, xoroym mt onayxnnn naroax conornnnnnm
nn ronxonannn cnonnnnx. oxa mt nsyuann cnonnnn xax nsonnonannt
]nomn, nsanncnmo or ocrnnntx my ncnxnucxnx oasonann, mt
nastnann +ry nncrannnm nnsoom cnonnnnx.
t anno snar, uro +ra nnsya n xnnxrcx um-ro oconntm n xnsnn
cnonnnn, uro xon]nnxr nyx
ncnxnucxnx nncrannnn, xorot mt nrouno nastnam ccosnarntntm
ntrcnnntm n cosnarntntm, noom ynannxr nam ncnxnucxo xnsntm n
uro conornnnnn ronxonannm cnonnnnx, xax nnsnax nnsyt cnonnnnx,
crt n uro nno, xax conornnnnn ntrcnnnx (Verdrangungswiderstand),
naroax xoroomy +rn o nncrannnn ornxmrcx yr or yra. t snar
raxx, uro ns nx xon]nnxra nn onnnntx ycnonnxx nosnnxamr yrn
ncnxnucxn cryxryt, xorot rax x, xax n cnonnnn, xnnxmrcx
syntrarom xomnomnccon, n n yr nacrannart, urot x nonroxn nam
sct nc, uro coxnrcx no nnnnn n ronm nnoson, at
nomoncrnonart ro, uro nam nsncrno o ycnonnxx oasonannx raxnx
xomnomnccon. t nonxnn, uro cnonnnn xnnxrcx naronornucxnm noyxrom,
nntm snnom nnn, xoroax nxnmuar ncrnucxn cnmnrom, nanxsunno
ncrannnn, onym nm, no ornnuarcx or nnx nxoxmnm xaaxrom n
rm, uro on nosnnxar n ycnonnxx, cnocrnnntx nomantno xnsnn. ax uro
ym nnxnnartcx mnnnx, uro xnsnt cnonnnnx - xax cxasan m
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ncrornt - +ro cnoco aort nam ymn n cocroxnnn cna. ocroxnn cna
ncrannxr coo orxo or antnoro nnmnro mna, n +rnm cosarcx
ycnonn nx asnnrnx ncnxosa. amo rmarntno nsyunn rxxntx ncnxoson
n acr nam nnsnaxa, on xaaxrnoro nx +roro onsnnnoro cocroxnnx.
o nn ncnxos orxo or antnocrn nosnnxar noxxnm oasom: nnn xora
ntrcnnno ccosnarntno cranonnrcx cnxcnntntm nacrontxo, uro r
nx na sanncxmnm or antnocrn cosnarntntm, nnn xora antnocrt ncr
n c crontxo nntnocnmoro craannx, uro nonrnyro yros n
oruaxnnom norcr ocarcx n yxn ccosnarntntx nnunn. sonnt
ncnxos cnonn-
nnx xnnxrcx cncrnnm cosnarntno xnamoro n nnmt nmnnoro orxoa or
nnmnro mna, n on ncusar nn nosononnnnn ornomnn c +rnm mnom. n
nsonxnnn cnxmro nsmnxrcx raxx acnnnn ro ncnxnucxo +nrnn;
uacrt +nrnn ntrcnnnx, xoroax otuno ncnontsyrcx nx ycmnnnx
ccosnarntnoro, moxr trt c+xonomnna, noromy uro ax cnn ono 3ct
nam orxtnarcx nyrt nx ornra na nonoc, ntnonnxr nn cnonnnn rox
xaxym-ro ]ynxnnm, onna nn my xaxax-ro nonsnax aora. nmnnt
ncxxnx asaxnn noxo, xorot xorno t cosart cocroxnn cna,
nonxn onacnocrxm c rx croon: on cnyuantm oasom co croont
nnmnnx asaxnrn no nmx cna n co croont nnntx nnrcon, xorot
n ncusamr, n nnsxno co croont nyonnrnonntx ntrcnnntx
nnunn, xorot rax n xyr nosmoxnocrn noxnnrtcx. cncrnn ocnannnx
ntrcnnn n nouno nmx nmnact t onacnocrt naymnnx cna xaxt as,
xora nnmn n nnyrnn nosyxnn morno t ncrynnrt n cnxst c onnm
ns ncrounnxon ccosnarntntx nnunn. oncc cnonnnnx nosnonxr
nnarnrt noyxr raxoro nsanmocrnnx n snno rannmnnnarono
nxnnann, ocnunnax raxnm oasom noonxnn cna. tnonnnnm +ro
]ynxnnn nn n xo m n nornnounr n ror ]axr, uro nnora cramno
cnonnnn ynr cnxmro; +ro, cxo, cnrnan roro, uro nou-
no crax cunrar cnryannm cnnmxom onacno n n nnr yx n nosmoxnocrt
cnannrtcx c n. xo m no cn mt cntmnm yrmnn, nnsnanno
nornarnrt noyxnn: a nt +ro x rontxo con!
or n nc, uro x xorn cxasart nam, ynaxamt amt n rocnoa, o ronxonannn
cnonnnn, saaua xorooro - nnrn or xnnoro cnonnnnx x cxtrtm ro
mtcnxm. x nonyunnm n ncuntnarcx uam ncro nnrc naxrnucxoro
anannsa x cnonnnnm. oomnn, nonyunno n ]om cnonnnnx,
nnannxrcx x yrnm, n ananns noonxarcx. am x nnrcno m nmnoro
saxartcx na rm cnonnnnx; nac nnnnxar nosmoxnocrt nsyunrt noncc
nnamnnx cxtrtx mtcn cnonnnnx n xnno cnonnnn. Mt nastnam ro
aoro cnonnnnx. t nomnnr, x asnan ro noono n ntymnx
nxnnxx, rax uro n cronxmnm oso x mory orannunrtcx camtmn xarxnmn
ntnoamn.
rax, noncc aort cnonnnnx xnnxrcx um-ro conmnno nontm n
nnnntuntm, nnuro noonoro antm nsncrno n tno. n an nam
nosmoxnocrt nnnt sarnxnyrt n noncct, noncxoxmn n cncrm
ccosnarntnoro, noxasan, uro onn conmnno nnt, um ro, uro mt snam o
namm cosnarntnom mtmnnnn, xoroomy onn, onxno trt, xaxyrcx
ncntxanntmn n omnountmn. 3naunn +rnx orxtrn nosocno m ontm,
xora ysnann, uro nn oasonannn nnornucxnx cnmnromon crnymr r x
mxannsmt (mt n mamcx cxasart: mtcnnrntnt noncct), xorot
nnamamr cxtrt mtcnn cnonnnnx n xnno cnonnnn.
n antnmm nsnoxnnn nnosmoxno nsxart cxmarnunocrn. nonoxnm,
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uro mt nccnym n onnnnom cnyua nc r cxtrt, on nnn mn
a]]xrnnno saxxnnt mtcnn, xorot nocn ron-
xonannx ntcrynnnn nmcro xnnoro cnonnnnx. am ocarcx n rnasa asnnun
mxy nnmn, n +ro asnnun anxo ynr nac. ourn nc +rn mtcnn
cnonnnnx ysnamrcx nnn nnsnamrcx nnnmnm con; on cosnarcx, uro yman
rax n +ror nnn n yro as, nnn on mor t rax ymart. ontxo nornn
nnonoxnnx ono-nncrnnno mtcnn on +nrnuno nosaxar: +ra mtcnt
my uyxa, moxr trt, ax ornarnrntna; nosmoxno, on ormrr n
cracrnom nosyxnnn. rora nam cranonnrcx xcno, uro yrn mtcnn - +ro
]armnrt cosnarntnoro, nn ronox, ncosnarntnoro mtmnnnx; onn
mornn noxnnrtcx n n ocrnymmm cocroxnnn, noxrno raxx, uro onn
nosnnxnn n runn nx. o +ra nncrnnnax ornramax mtcnt nnn, roun,
+ro nncrnnno noyxnn - nooxnn noun; ono ornocnrcx x onacrn
ccosnarntnoro nnnmro con, no+romy n ornrarcx, oractnarcx nm.
no xax t oxnanoct ocnannnx ntrcnnnx noutm, urot xaxnm-ro oasom
noxnnrtcx. 3ro noxnnnn ncra cmxruno, ncxaxno, samacxnonano; s
aort na ronxonannm cnonnnnx mt t ro n namnn. naroax cnxsn c
yrnmn synuntmn mtcnxmn cnonnnnx +ro ccosnarntno nnunn n
samacxnonannom nn nocxantstnar us orannunn nnsyt; c yro
croont, ncosnarntnt mtcnn cnonnnnx naroax +ro x cnxsn
onaamr nosmoxnocrtm sannmart ymnnym xnsnt n no nmx cna. o mt
nncxontxo n comnnamcx, uro +ro ccosnarntno nnunn n crt,
cocrnnno, cosarnt cnonnnnx, nx ro oasonannx my ryrcx
ncnxnucxax +nrnx. Kax n nmo yro nnunn, ono crmnrcx n x umy
nnomy, xax x cnomy cocrnnnomy yonnrnonnm, n nam ontr ronxonannx
cnonnnn rox noxastnar, uro +ro n xnnxrcx cmtcnom ncro cnonnnnx.
nmom cnonnnnn nnunn onxno
ncrart xax ocymcrnnnno. ounax nsonnonannocrt ymnno xnsnn or
antnocrn n cranmax nosmoxno naroax rccnx x nnmnrnnntm
mxannsmam nnnoxr x romy, uro +ro xnamo yonnrnonn nnunnx
nxnnarcx rannmnnnarono xax antno. cncrnn +ro x rccnn
ncrannnnx n cnonnnnn nnoxrcx n snrntnt oast, r. . cxtrt
mtcnn cnonnnnx amarnsnymrcx n nnnmcrnymrcx.
s +roro +rana aort cnonnnnx mt ysnam o nxorotx nanon xxnx n
oconntx urax cnonnnnx. m as cxaxy o noxx nosnnxnonnnx
cnonnnnx. cxono cocroxnn: xnann cnart, namnnt orxas or
nnmnro mna. na ro cncrnnx nx ymnnoro annaara: no-nntx,
nosmoxnocrt noxnnnnx n nm on nnnx n nnmnrnnntx cnocoon aort -
rccnn, no-nrotx, ocnannn conornnnnnx ntrcnnnx, rxrormmro na
ccosnarntntm. Kax cncrnn +roro nocnnro momnra nosnnxar
nosmoxnocrt oasonannx cnonnnnx, xoroym n ncnontsymr nonot - oxnnmn
nnyrnnn n nnmnn asaxnrnn. nonnnn, nosnnxm raxnm oasom,
ncrannxr coo yx xomnomnccno oasonann; ono ntnonnxr noxxym
]ynxnnm: c ono croont, ono yonnrnoxr , xora cnyxnr xnannm cnart
nyrm ocnooxnnx or naymammnx con asaxnn, c yro croont, ono
nosnonxr ntrcnnnomy nnunnm nosmoxno n +rnx ycnonnxx yonnrnonn n
]om rannmnnnaronoro ncnonnnnx xnannx. o nct onycxamt cnxmnm
noncc oasonannx cnonnnnx noxonr n ycnonnxx nnsyt, xoroax
ocymcrnnxrcx ocrarxom coxannnmrocx ntrcnnnx. om nsnoxnrt +ror
noncc x n mory, on n n nom. naxo rnt x mory noonxnrt onncann
aort cnonnnnx.
nmcx m as x cxtrtm mtcnxm cnonnnnx! amtm cnntntm nx +nmnrom
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xnnxrcx ntrcnnno nnunn, xoroo, onnaxct na cnyuant asaxnrnn
n nnocxct na ocrarxn nnntx nnuarnnn, namno n nnx cno ntaxnn,
nycrt cmxrunno n sanyannonanno. Kax n nmo nnunn, ono crmnrcx x
yonnrnonnm nn nomomn crnnx, no nyrt n nnrarntnym c]y saxtr
nx nro ]nsnonornucxnmn mxannsmamn cocroxnnx cna; ono ntnyxno
nonnartcx n oarnom nanannnnn x nocnnxrnm n onontcrnonartcx
rannmnnnarontm yonnrnonnm. axnm oasom, cxtrt mtcnn cnonnnnx
nnoxrcx n conoxynnocrt uyncrnnntx oason n snrntntx cnn. a +rom
nyrn c nnmn noncxonr ro, uro xaxrcx nam cront nontm n cranntm. c r
xstxont ccrna, xorotmn ntaxamrcx on ronxn mtcnnrntnt ornomnnx
- comst, nnorn, cxnonnnx n cnxxnnx, - ornaamr, nocxontxy nx nnx
nr nsoasnrntntx ccrn, xax n n nnmnrnnnom xstx s rammarnxn,
sct ncrannn nnmt cto marnan mtmnnnx, a acraxrno cnonrcx x
nxammy n ro ocnon xonxrnomy. o, uro n syntrar +roro ocrarcx,
nrxo moxr noxasartcx ccnxsntm. no coornrcrnyr xax axanucxo
rccnn n ymnnom annaar, rax n ronannxm nnsyt, xora nx
nsoaxnnx onnnntx oxron n nonccon n ontmo m ncnontsymrcx
cnmnont, cranmn uyxtmn cosnarntnomy mtmnnnm. o m antm saxoxr
yrn nsmnnnx, nrnnamt +nmnramn mtcn cnonnnnx. ns nnx,
xorot moryr narn xort xaxym-nnyt rouxy connxocnonnnx, crymamrcx n
nont nnnnt. n nno mtcn n oast orarcx ncomnnno
nnournn rm ns nnx, xorot noamrcx raxomy connnnm, crymnnm;
crnyr xax t xaxax-ro cnna, nonrammax marnan cncconannm,
cxarnm. 3arm ncncrnn crymnnx
xaxo-ro +nmnr n xnnom cnonnnnn moxr coornrcrnonart mnoxcrny
+nmnron n cxtrtx mtcnxx cnonnnnx, no n naooor, xaxo-nnyt +nmnr
mtcn cnonnnnx moxr trt ncrannn ncxontxnmn oasamn n cnonnnnn.
m nnmuarntn yro noncc cmmnnx nnn nncnnx axnnra,
xorot n cosnarntnom mtmnnnn acnnnnarcx rontxo xax omnxa mtmnnnx
nnn xax ccrno ocroymnx. no n rom, uro orntnt ncrannnnx mtcn
cnonnnnx n annonnnt, onn ncyr na c asnnunt no nnnunn
a]]xrnnnt narysxn n n coornrcrnnn c +rnm onnnnamrcx xax on nnn
mn naxnt, ocront nnnmannx. o nmx aort cnonnnnx +rn
ncrannnnx ornxmrcx or rocnocrnymmnx na nnmn a]]xron; a]]xrt
asnnnamrcx camn no c, onn moryr cmcrnrtcx na uro-ro yro,
coxannrtcx n rom x nn, nrnrt nsmnnnx, noom n noxnnrtcx n
cnonnnnn. axnocrt ocnooxnntx or a]]xra ncrannnn n cnonnnnn
ntaxarcx uyncrnnno cnno oason cnonnnnx, no mt samuam, uro +ror
axnnr nmcrnncx co snaunrntntx +nmnron na nnn]]nrnt, rax uro n
cnonnnnn n xaucrn rnannoro na nnm nnan oxastnarcx ro, uro n
mtcnxx cnonnnn nrar nnmt noounym ont, n, naooor, camo
cymcrnnno ns mtcn cnonnnnx naxonr n cnonnnnn rontxo
nonxnocrno, nxcno oraxnn. nxaxo yro ]axro aort cnonnnnx
n cnococrnyr cront cnntno romy, urot cnart cnonnnn nx nnnmro
con uyxtm n nnonxrntm. mmnn xnnxrcx rnanntm ccrnom ncxaxnnx
cnonnnnx, xoroomy nonramrcx mtcnn cnonnnnx no nnnxnnm nnsyt.
ocn +rnx noscrnn na mtcnn cnonnnnx ono nourn rorono. ocn roro
xax cnonnnn ncnntnar n cosnannm xax oxr nocnnxrnx, cnyr m
onn nctma nnocroxnnt momnr, rax nastnamax nronunax oaorxa. ora
mt noxonm x nmy rax, xax mt noom nnntxnn noxonrt x coxannxm
namro nocnnxrnx, - ntramcx sanonnnrt nont, ycranonnrt cnxsn, nax
nn +rom onontno uacro ryt omnxn. o +ra no t annonannsnymmax
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xrntnocrt, nnammax cnonnnnm n nyumm cnyua nnrnaxnnt nn, nycrt
n n coornrcrnymmn crnnrntnomy ro coxannm, moxr n orcyrcrnonart
nnn x noxnnrtcx n ount cxomntx asmax, anax cnonnnnm orxtro
onayxnrt nc cnon astnt n rmnnt. yro croont, n cnyr
satnart raxx, uro n aora cnonnnnx noncxonr n ncra onnaxono
+nrnuno: onontno uacro ona orannunnarcx nnmt onnnntmn
]armnramn mtcn cnonnnnx, ocrantnt x noxnnxmrcx n cnonnnnn n
nnsmnnnom nn. ora cxnatnarcx nnuarnnn, yro n cnonnnnn
xro-ro nononr ronuamn n cnoxnmn nnrnnxryantnt onannn,
asmtmnxr, myrnr, nnnnmar mnnx, mar nonmt, n ro nmx xax nc
+ro xnnxrcx syntrarom nam nomantno ymcrnnno xrntnocrn, xoroax
morna noncxonrt xax nm naxanyn cnonnnnx, rax n noutm n xoroax n
nmr c aoro cnonnnnx nnuro omro n n onayxnnar nnuro
xaaxrnoro nx cnonnnnx. nnmn raxx m as ntnnrt nornnoun,
coxamcx n camnx mtcnxx cnonnnnx, mxy ccosnarntntm nnunnm n
ocrarxamn nnntx nnuarnnn. ro nmx xax nocnnn ncrannxmr nc
mnorooasn namnx ymnntx nnxnn, nno, cranonxct cocrnnno
nnxym cnno oasonannx cnonnnnx, otuno sanmarcx ncnonnnnm
xnannx.
c +ro x mor t cxasart nam m nxrnanart nr romy nasa, n ymam, uro
+ro x crnnrntno rono-
nn. rnt anar notroxnm, xaxn x nsmnnnx n nont nsrnxt
noxnnnnct sa +ror nomxyrox nmnn.
Kax x yx nam rononn, x onacancx, xax t nt n counn, uro +roro cnnmxom
mano, n uro nam yr nnonxrno, noumy x sacrannn nac ntcnymart ono n ro
x naxt, a cx cnona rononrt o +rom. o nt nomno nxrnanart nr, n
x namct, uro raxnm cnocoom mn nru ncro yr noccranonnrt c namn
xonraxr. K romy x +rn raxn +nmnrant nmn nmmr cront mamm
snaunn nx nonnmannx ncnxoanannsa, uro nx nnnoxo nocnymart n no nroo
as, a ro, uro onn n nxrnanart nr cnycrx ocrannct conmnno rmn x,
camo no c ocrono nnnmannx.
nnrary +roro nmnn nt, crcrnnno, nar mnoxcrno
nornxnn n rantntx nsnoxnn, ns xorotx x xouy nnncrn nam nnmt
nxorot. n +rom x cmory raxx ynomxnyrt xo-uro, uro yx tno nsncrno
an. ocnonnom +ro xacarcx cnmnonnxn cnonnnn n nounx
nsoasnrntntx ccrn cnonnnnx. or nocnymar: concm nanno mnxn
onoro amnxancxoro ynnncnrra orxasann ncnxoanannsy n nayunocrn,
oocnontnax +ro rm, uro on- n acnonarar +xcnnmnrantntmn
oxasarntcrnamn. oont ynx onn mornn t cnart n n ac
acronomnn, nt +xcnnmnrnonart c ncntmn rnamn oconno
sarynnrntno. 3ct nc ocnonano na nanmnnn. nc x nmnno nncxn
nccnonarnn nonoxnnn nauano +xcnnmnrantnomy oocnonannm cnmnonnxn
namnx cnonnnn. xro - rr m n 1912r. onayxnn, uro cnn
nnnam, naxoxmnmcx no rnyoxnm rnnnosom, arcx saann ynnrt no cn
cxcyantnt noncct, ro n cnononnonannom raxnm oasom cnonnnnn
cxcyantnt marnan sammarcx nsncrntmn nam cnmnonamn.
nm: ono xnmnn tno ano saann ynnrt no cn nonont cnomnnx c
noyro. cnonnnnn noyra xnnnact c ooxno cymxo, na xoroo
tna nnxnna sanncxa: "ontxo nx am". m ontm nnuarnnn
nonsnoxr nccnonannx rntrma n Iarmana (1924), xorot nanmann sa
ontntmn c rax nastnamtm cnnomom Kocaxona. nn accxastnann nm ncronn
ryo cxcyantnoro coxannx n nanmann sa rmn ncxaxnnxmn, xorot
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nosnnxann n ornr na nocty nocnonsncrn accxasanno. n +rom
onxrt-raxn noxnnxnnct snaxomt nam cnmnont nonontx oranon n nonontx
cnomnn, cn nounx cnmnon ncrnnnt, no nonoy xorooro anrot
cnannnno samuamr, uro cosnarntnomy xnannm ncxaxnnx on tn t
nocrynn.
I. 3nnt n ono ount nnrcno cnn ontron (1909, 1912) noxasan,
uro aora cnonnnnx moxr nocro omnomnrt rm, c xaxo ounnnocrtm
acraxrnt mtcnn nnoxrcx m n snrntnt oast. Kora on n cocroxnnn
ycranocrn n connnnocrn ntrancx nnnynrt cx x ymcrnnno aor, mtcnt
uacro ycxontsana or nro, a nmcro n noxnnxnoct nnnn, xoroo xnno
tno samcrnrnm.
ocro nnm: " ymam o rom, - rononr 3nnt, - uro mn noxonmo
ncnannrt n onom counnnnn nyanmcx mcro". nnn: " nnxy cx
crorammnm xycox na". +rnx nccnonannxx uacro cnyuanoct rax, uro
coxannm nnnnx cranonnnact n mtcnt, nyxammaxcx n oaorx, a ro
cocrnnno cyxrnnno cocroxnn no nmx ycnnnx, r. . cocroxnn nmcro
nmrnocrn (Gegenstandliche), uro 3nnt nastnar "]ynxnnonantntm
]nomnom". nm casy x oxcnnr nam, uro nmrcx n nny. nro
ntrarcx cannnrt rouxn snnx nyx ]nnoco]on na onnnnym nonmy. o
n mor ona ns
+rnx roux snnx nc nmx ycxontsar or nro, n naxonn nosnnxar
nnnn, yro on ryr ornra or xaxoro-ro yrmmoro cxrax, xorot,
cxnonnnmnct na nnctmnntm cronom, cnauana ro n samuar, a sarm
cmornr na nro nonontno n xax t xnax ornartcx. oxrno, camnmn
ycnonnxmn +xcnnmnra oxcnxrcx ro ocroxrntcrno, uro ntsnanno raxnm
oasom nnnn cront uacro xnnxrcx syntrarom camonanmnnx .
cranonnmcx m as na cnmnonax. tnn cn nnx raxn, xorot mt,
xasanoct, acnosnann, no n xorotx nac nc-raxn cmymano ro, uro mt n
mornn oxcnnrt, xaxnm oasom +ror cnmnon nnon +ro snaunn.
noontx cnyuaxx oconno xnarntntmn nx nac tnn nornxnnx ns
yrnx ncrounnxon, ns xstxosnannx, ]ontxnoa, mn]onornn, nryanon.
nmom raxoro oa tn cnmnon nantro. Mt rononnn, uro n cnonnnnn
ono xnmnnt nantro osnauano myxunny. amct, na nac nonsnr
nnuarnnn, cnn x cxaxy, uro . x n 1920 r. nncan: " ono ount
nn auno nmonnn ynnon xnnx naxtnar nncry ocotm nnamom,
nastnamtm "aa", n nonsnocnr nn +rom nryantnt cnona: "rntn nnxro n
onxn noxtnart rx, xom mnx"" (nnr. no ory 3cny: Mnono
noxon n ncnt xynon |294|
non mocra. unnn n oxcnnn ro n 1921-1922 rr. nonauantno on osnauan
myxcxo unn, xorot connxr onrn nn nonontx cnomnnxx, no sarm
on nnnxn n yrn snaunnx, xorot ntnoxrcx ns nnoro. ocxontxy
myxcxomy unny mt oxsant rm, uro noom noxnnnnct na cnr ns oono
xnxocrn, ro mocr xnnxrcx nxoom ns norycroonnro mna (ns trnx o
oxnnx, marnncxoro nona) n +ror mn (xnsnt), a rax xax unonxy n
cmrt ncrannxrcx xax nosnamnn n marnncxo nono (noy), ro mocr
nnorar snaunn nnnnxnnx x cmrn, n, naxonn, nn m ontmm
orannnn or nnonauantnoro cmtcna, on osnauar nxo, nsmnnn
cocroxnnx noom. o+romy nonxrno, uro xnmnna, n noonnmax xnannx
trt myxunno, uacro nnnr no cn mocrt, cnnmxom xoorxn, urot ocrnut
yroro ra.
xnnom coxannn cnonnnn onontno uacro ncruamrcx oast n
cnryannn, nanomnnammn nsncrnt mornnt cxasox, nrn n mn]on. onxonann
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raxnx cnonnnn nonnnar cnr na nnonauantnt nnrct, cosanmn +rn
mornnt, xorx mt, xonuno, n onxnt satnart o nsmnnnn snaunn,
xoroo +ror marnan nrnn co nmnm. ama aora no ronxonannm
cnonnnn orxtnar, rax cxasart, ncxono ctt, xoroo onontno uacro
moxno nasnart cxcyantntm n camom mnoxom cmtcn cnona, no xoroo nn
antnm oaorx naxonr camo asnooasno ncnontsonann. oont
nosnamnnx nasa otuno nannxamr na nac rnn ncx n anannrnucxn
nacronntx nccnonarn, xax yro nc, uro nacrannarcx n xo
antnmro asnnrnx, mt ornnam nnn noonnnnam. m n mn raxn
nsrnxt noyunrntnt n nnrcnt. 3ro x ornocnrcx x noncxoxnnm
nxorotx mornnon nsoasnrntnoro
ncxyccrna. annm, x. 3cn (1919), asnax cnonnnnx cnonx
nannnron, rax anannrnucxn ncronxonan mnomy, nrammro c mantunxom, xax
+ro nsoasnn axcnrnt n cnom Imc. m ono rontxo cnono, x
nocro n mory n ynomxnyrt o rom, xax uacro nmnno mn]onornucxn rmt
naxoxr cno oxcnnn n ronxonannn cnonnnn. ax, nannm, n nrn
o nannnr acnosnarcx nsoaxnn anantnoro oxnnx; sanyrannt xot -
+ro xnmxn, nnrt nant - nynonnna.
nocot nsoaxnnx nn aor cnonnnnx, nnnnxarntnt n nourn
nncunamt marnan, naroax noonomy nsyunnm cranonnrcx nam nc
nonxrn; x xouy nnncrn nam nxorot nnmt ns +ro onacrn. ax,
nannm, uacrorno ornomnn cnonnnn nsoaxar us mnoxcrnnnocrt
onoonoro. ocnymar cranno cnonnnn ono monoo nymxn: ona
nxonr n ontmo san n nnnr n nm xaxoro-ro unonxa, cnxmro na cryn,
oas nonroxrcx mcrt, nocmt n on as, no xaxt as +ro orn.
c nrxo oxcnxrcx, xora ns noountx ocroxrntcrn ronxonannx mt
ysnam, uro +ro nommnn nsoaxar marnncxo nono. ora cnonnnn
cranonnrcx annosnauntm xoomo nsncrno nam ]anrasnn nymxn, xoroo
xaxrcx, uro yx no nnyrnyrono xnsnn ona ncruanact c ornom, xora on
no nmx mnnocrn noxnnxncx n marnncxom non. o, uro n cnonnnnn
xo-uro naooor - noxnnnn orna nncno na cocrnnnym ncony, - n
onxno nac nnonrt n sanyxnn; +ro nmr, nnoum, m cno ocoo
snaunn. Mnoxcrnnnocrt ncont orna moxr ntaxart rontxo ro, uro
coornrcrnymmn noncc nonoxarno nonroxncx. ocrnnno, mt onxnt
raxx nnsnart, uro cnonnnn n rax yx cnntno nontnnuar, ntaxax
uacrory (HauIigkeit) us na-
romoxnn (HauIung). B nm rontxo ncnontsyrcx nnonauantno snaunn
cnona, xoroo cronx oosnauar nx nac nonronn no nmnn, no
noncxonr or naxonnnnx n nocrancrn. naxo aora cnonnnnx noom
nnonr, r +ro nosmoxno, nmnnt ornomnnx n nocrancrnnnt n
nsoaxar nx n nn raxontx. onycrnm, nnnn n cnonnnnn cnnt mxy
nnnamn, xaxymnmncx ount manntxnmn n yannntmn, xax cnn t cmorn n
nnnyrt nnoxnt. Manocrt rax x, xax n nocrancrnnnax yannnocrt,
osnauamr sct ono n ro x, a nmnno orannnocrt no nmnn, +ro cnyr
nonnmart xax cnny ns anno mnnynmro nomnoro. an, moxr trt, nt
nomnnr, uro x yx rononn nam n ntymnx nxnnxx n noxastnan na
nnmax, xax mt nayunnnct ncnontsonart nx ronxonannx n uncro ]omantnt
urt xnnoro cnonnnnx, r. . nnonrt n coxann xo-uro ns cxtrtx
mtcn cnonnnnx. nt nt snar, uro nc cnonnnnx ono noun
naxoxrcx n ono n ro x cnxsn. o anxo n sasnnuno, xnnxmrcx nn
+rn cnonnnnx nx nnxmro con nntm nntm, nnn on acunnxr nx na
ncxontxo ortnxon, n cnn a, ro na cxontxo. acro uncno +rnx ortnxon
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coornrcrnyr raxomy x xonnucrny ooconnntx nnron oasonannx mtcn
n cxtrtx mtcnxx cnonnnnx nnn ommnxcx mxy coo noroxon n ymnno
xnsnn nnxmro con, ns xorotx xaxt naxonr cno nonaamm, xorx n
n nncrnnno ntaxnn n xaxom-ro ocoom ortnx cnonnnnx. Koorxo
ncnonnnn n nnrntno ocnonno cnonnnn uacro naxoxrcx yr x
yry n ornomnnn ycnonnx n ncnonnnnx, umy nt moxr narn nctma xcnt
nnm n nxnnx nxnnxx. nonnnn, xoroo nnnmn con nsoaxar xax
t ncranxo, crnnrntno coornrcrnyr nroocrnnnomy n mtcnxx
cnonnnnx. uann nxcan (1925)(1) n onom nccnonannn nantx
cnonnnn noxasan, uro cnonnnnx ono noun nxo asnxmr ntnonnnn
saaun cnonnnnx raxnm oasom, uro, nmcr nsxrt, onn ocymcrnnxmr
ncnonnnn xnannx n na +rana, uro n moxr cnart xaxo cnonnnn n
orntnocrn. cnn xnann cnonnnnx coxnr sanrno crnn no
ornomnnm x onnnnomy nnny, ro +ro nnno noxnnxrcx n nnom cnonnnnn
orxtro, crnn x arcx nnmt oxnm namxom. roo cnonnnn nar
sarm nnau. crnn nastnarcx n nm orxtro, onaxo nnno nsmnno o
nysnanamocrn nnn samnno nnn]]nrntm. crnnrntno, +ro nonsnonr
nnuarnnn xnrocrn. roo noono x ornomnn mxy onmn uacrxmn
nanoro cnonnnnx raxono, uro ona ncrannxr coo naxasann, a yrax
- ncnonnnn noounoro xnannx. onyuarcx xax t cnymm: cnn
nnnnmarcx naxasann, ro sanmnno nosnonxrcx.
mory ontm saxnnart nac na noontx manntxnx orxtrnxx, anno xax
n na ncxyccnxx, ornocxmnxcx x ncnontsonannm ronxonannx cnonnnn n
anannrnucxo naxrnx. ymam, uro nam n rnnrcx ycntmart, xaxn x
nsmnnnx nonsomnn n ocnonntx nsrnxax na cymnocrt n snaunn cnonnnnx
(2). t yx nororonnnt x romy, uro nmnno o +rom mano uro moxno
coomnrt. t camtm cnontm momnrom nc ronn tno yrnxnn, uro
nc cnonnnnx
- ---------------------------------------
(1) uann nxcan (191-1964) - amnxancxn ncnxoanannrnx. nn ns
nxroon unxarcxoro ncrnryra ncnxoanannsa.
(2) a xoxrnnax, nncnntx uom n ncxonym cxmy ronxonannx
cnonnnn, cxasancx ro nont noxo x cryxry nnunocrn, n uacrnocrn
nnnn nonxrnx yn-+ro.
xnnxmrcx ocymcrnnnnm xnannx. nnsxntm, nnont n nnont nonroxmmnmcx
nosaxnnm nno]ccnonanon, uro nt rax mnoro cramntx cnonnnn, mt,
namct, noxonunnn n ntymnx nxnnxx. asnnnm nx na cnonnnnx
xnannx, cramnt cnonnnnx n cnonnnnx naxasannx mt coxannnn namy
ronm n cnn.
nonnnnx naxasannx rox xnnxmrcx ncnonnnnm xnann, no n nnunn, a
xnrnxymm, nnsynymm n naxasymm nncrannnn n ymnno xnsnn. cnn
mt nmm no c uncrtm cnonnnnm naxasannx, ro nam nnonn ocrynna
nocrax mtcnnrntnax onannx no noccranonnnnm cnonnnnx xnannx, no
ornomnnm x xoroomy cnonnnn naxasannx xnnxrcx ncrnnntm nosaxnnm, n
xoroo +rnm orxasom n tno sammno n xnnom cnonnnnn. t snar,
ynaxamt amt n rocnoa, uro nsyunn cnonnnn cnauana nomorno nam
nonxrt nnost. t nar raxx nonxrntm, uro namn snannx o nnosax
nnocncrnnn cmornn oxasart nnnxnn na nam ncrannnn o cnonnnnn.
Kax nt ysnar, mt ntnyxnt tnn nnonoxnrt cymcrnonann n ymnno
xnsnn ocoo xnrnxymm n sanmamm nncrannnn, xoroym mt nastnam
nx-. nsnan nnsyy cnonnnnx raxx syntrarom aort +ro
nncrannnn, mt rm camtm ntnyxnt on rmarntno accmorrt yuacrn
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nx- n oasonannn cnonnnnx.
ornn ronn ncnonnnnx xnannx n cnonnnnn nosnnxno nnmt na ctsntx
nosaxnnx, accmornn xorotx ynonr cnnmxom anxo, n anax, nnoum,
nnonn yonnrnonrntnoro ornra. no nosaxnn onnarcx na ]axr,
cornacno xoroomy nnna, nxnnmn mox, rxxnym ncnxnucxym ranmy, uacro
cnyuanmncx no nmx nont n nxanmn n ocnon ranmarnucxo ncrnn, n
cnonnnnxx nocroxnno nosnamamrcx n ranmarnucxym cnryannm. ornacno
x namnm nnonoxnnxm o ]ynxnnn cnonnnnx +roro trt n onxno. Kaxo
nnuarnnn morno t yonnrnonrtcx +rnm nosnarom x ntcm crnnn
nnnxrnomy ranmarnucxomy nxnnannm? oraartcx ryno. o nrotm
]axrom mt nourn xnnno cranxnnamcx n anannrnucxo aor: on rox n
xnnxrcx raxnm yx ncomtm nosaxnnm, xax n nnt. t snar, uro ono
ns saau ncnxoanannsa xnnxrcx nonnxnonnn n rany amnsnn, xoroo
noxtrt nnt rcxn rot, n onnn o cosnarntnoro nocnomnnannx
coxamnxcx n nnx noxnnnn ann rcxo cxcyantno xnsnn. 3rn nnt
cxcyantnt nxnnannx nxa cnxsant c myunrntntmn nnuarnnnxmn
craxa, sanra, asouaonannx n naxasannx; nonxrno, uro onn ntrcnnt, no
rora nnonxrno ro, uro onn nmmr raxo mnoxn ocryn x xnsnn cnonnnn,
uro onn amr oasnt cront mnornm ]anrasnxm cnonnnnx, uro cnonnnnx
nonnt noyxnn +rnx nn]anrnntntx cnn n namxon na nnx. naxo nx
nxnarntnt xaaxr n rnnnnx aort cnonnnnx x ncnonnnnm xnann,
nnnmo, nnoxo couramrcx yr c yrom. o nosmoxno, mt nynnnunnam n
+rom cnyua rynocrn. a r x rcxn nxnnannx nacnannamrcx nt nc
nocroxnnt, nncnonnnnt xnannx, xorot amr +nrnm nx oasonannx
cnonnnn n runn nc xnsnn n or xorotx moxno oxnart, uro cnonm
moryunm notnom onn cnocont ntncrn na nonxnocrt n ocroxrntcrna,
nocnnnnmanmncx co crtom. c yro croont, n cnoco noyxnnn
+roro marnana ncomnnno ntaxarcx crmnnn aort cnonnnnx
samacxnonart nyonontcrnn ncxaxnnm, nnarnrt asouaonann n
ncnonnnn. n ranmarnucxnx nnosax nc ocronr no-yromy, sct
cnonnnnx nocroxnno nnnoxr x craxy. nonaram, uro mt n onxnt
oxrtcx nnsnart, uro n +rom cnyua ]ynx-
nnx cnonnnnx n caartnar. n xouy cctnartcx na ro, uro ncxnmunn
nornxar nannno, +ra myocrt xaxrcx mn nctma comnnrntno. naxo
ncxnmunn n n ormnxr nannna. cnn raxym orntnym ncnxnucxym
xrntnocrt, xax nnnn cnon, n nnxx nsyunnx ntnnrt ns omro
mxannsma, ro, nosmoxno, +ro n nosnonnr ncxtrt nncymn
saxonomnocrn; cnn x onxrt nxnmunrt n omym cryxryy ro nyxno trt
rorontm x romy, uro +rn syntrart, cranxnnaxct c yrnmn cnnamn,
sarymymrcx nnn cranyr mn snaunrntntmn. Mt rononm, uro cnonnnn crt
ncnonnnn xnannx; cnn nnnxrt no nnnmann nocnnn nosaxnnx, ro
nc-raxn cnyr cxasart, uro cnonnnn xnnxrcx nontrxo ncnonnnnx
xnannx. n nx xoro, xro moxr yrnynrtcx n ncnxnucxym nnamnxy, nt n
cxaxr nnuro yroro. n onnnntx ocroxrntcrnax cnonnnn moxr
ocymcrnnrt cno namnn nno ount nconmnntm oasom, nno ono
onxno noom or nro orxasartcx; nnnmo, ccosnarntnax ]nxcannx na
ranm nn +rnx ctnax ntnonnnnx ]ynxnnn cnonnnnx oxnnar nx. ro
nmx xax cnxmn onxn nnrt con, noromy uro nouno ocnannn
ntrcnnnx nosnonxr axrnnnsnonartcx crmnnnm x ranmarnucxo
]nxcannn, ro aora cnonnnnx, xoroax xnana t nnarnrt cnt
nocnomnnann o ranmarnucxo cnryannn n ncnonnnn xaxoro-nnyt xnannx,
ocrarcx ssyntrarno. raxnx cnyuaxx moxr nacrynnrt cconnnna,
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ns-sa craxa n nyau crnnx cnonnnnx unonx orxastnarcx or
cna. anmarnucxn nnos moncrnyr nam sct xann cnyua, no
ranmarnucxn xaaxr cnyr nnsnart n sa rcxnmn nxnnannxmn, rax
uro n cnyr ynnnxrtcx, cnn mn snaunrntnt naymnnx ]ynxnnn
cnonnnnx noxnnxmrcx n n yrnx ycnonnxx.
H KH
nonnnn n oxxyntrnsm
Vnaxamt amt n rocnoa! ronx mt ncrynam na ysxym rony, no ona moxr
orxtrt n namn mnoxym ncnxrnny.
3axnnnn o rom, uro x yy rononrt o ornomnnn cnonnnnx x
oxxyntrnsmy, nx nn nac ynnnr. t cnonnnn, uacro accmarnnanmcx
xax noora n mn mncrnxn, m cronx mnornmn nnnnmarcx sa oxxyntrnt
]nomn. mt, cnan ro oxrom nayunoro nccnonannx, n ocnannam,
uro ona nnn ncxontxo nnr cnxstnamr ro c +rnmn rmntmn nmamn.
Mncrnxa, oxxyntrnsm - uro noasymnarcx no +rnmn nasnannxmn? xnr
or mnx nontrxn art onnnnx +rnm onacrxm, nnt xorotx
ycranonnnt nrouno. Mt nc, n omm, nnmno snam, uro noasymnarcx
no +rnm. 3ro - cnoro oa oarnax croona cnrnoro, ynannxmoro
nymonnmtmn saxonamn mna, xorot cosana nx nac nayxa.
xxyntrnsm yrnxar antno cymcrnonann rx "nm mx nom n
smn, o xorotx nama mxontnax nmyocrt n cmr n nomtcnnrt". o mt
n xornm mxontno orannunnocrn; mt roront nonnrt romy, uro ocrono
nt. Mt namnt nocrynnrt c +rnmn nmamn rax x, xax c nmtm yrnm
marnanom nayxn, ycranonnrt cnauana, xnnxmrcx nn raxn noncct
crnnrntno oxasymtmn, a rora n rontxo rora, xora nx ounnnocrt
yr ncomnnna, nontramcx nx oxcnnrt. o n cnyr ornnart, uro n
+ro mnn nam ryno nnnxrt no cooaxnnxm nnrnnxryantnoro,
ncnxonornucxoro n ncronucxoro noxxa. 3ror cnyua ryr conmnno
nnoro noxoa, nxnn yrn nccnonannx.
nauana rynocrn nnrnnxryantnt! asmnr art camt omn
asxcnnnx. nonoxnm, uro ut nr o cocran n smnn. Kax
nsncrno, mt n snam o +rom nnuro onnnnoro. Mt nnonaram, uro
ram naxoxrcx rxxnt mrannt n acxannnom cocroxnnn. onycrnm, uro
xro-ro ntnnrar yrnxnn, uro na smnn sanonnnt noo, nactmnno
yrnxncnoro, rnna coono. Mt, xonuno, cxaxm, uro +ro nctma
manonoxrno, nornnounr ncm namnm oxnannxm, n yunrtnar ornanntx
roux namro nosnannx, xorot nnnnn nac x ntnnxnnm rnnorst mrannon.
naxo ono nc-raxn n xnnxrcx nmtcnnmtm: cnn xro-ro yxaxr nam nyrt x
nonx rnnorst coono not, mt nocnym my s nosaxnn. o nor
noxnnxrcx yro n ncts yrnxar, uro xo smnn cocronr ns
mamnaa! K +romy mt orncmcx concm nnau. Mt cxaxm c, uro mamna
n nno n ncruarcx, on xnnxrcx noyxrom unonucxo xyxnn,
cymcrnonann +roro nmra nnonarar, xom roro, nannun ]yxrontx
ntn n nx nnoon, a mt n snam, moxno nn ]noy n nonacxo ncxyccrno
unonxa nncrn n na smnn; n syntrar +rnx nnrnnxryantntx
nosaxnn nam nnrc yr nanannn n yrym croony, n nmcro roro
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urot nncrynnrt x nccnonannm, crnnrntno nn xo smnn cocronr ns
mamnaa, mt cnocnm cx, a uro +ro sa unonx, xorot mor nnrn x
raxo n, nnn, no xan m,
cnocnm ro, orxya on +ro snar. cuacrnt anro mamnano ronn
yr rnyoxo ocxonn n onnnnr nac n rom, uro mt orxastnam my n
oxrnnnom nnsnannn ro yrnxnnx ncncrnn xxot nayunoro
nyxnnx. o +ro my nnuro n acr. Mt uyncrnym, uro nyxnnx
n ncra nocynrntnt, uro nnora onn onanannt n nncooasnt, rax
xax nsannxmr nac or cnonsno rart cnn (1). t onn ncro nnmt
saxnmunnx, ananornunt yrnm, xoomo oocnonanntm cyxnnxm.
Hnt x oxxyntrntx yrnxnn crnyr na nac noono mamnano
rnnors, rax uro mt cunram cx nnan ornrnyrt nx casy x, n
nonrax nonx. o nc n rax nocro. annnn, noono romy,
xoroo x ntan, nnuro n oxastnar nnn oxastnar cnnmxom mano, xax n
noom nc cannnnx. t ocrarcx cnontm, noxonr nn ono, n nonnmamt,
uro ycranonxa na nnxnrntno ornxnn yx onnnna ro nto.
yxnnx nnora nncooasnt n onanannt, nnora x omnount n
nnt, n nnxora n snamt, xora onn xnnxmrcx nntmn, a xora nrotmn.
ama ncronx nayx c nstrxom nonna cnyuan, xorot moryr nocrut or
nocnmnoro ocyxnnx. ax, onro nmx cunranoct ccmtcnnntm
nnonoxnn, uro xamnn, xorot mt cronx nastnam mronramn, nonann
na smnm c na nnn uro ronax nooa, nxnmuammax ocrarxn axymx,
xora-ro tna nom mox. Mxy nounm, n nammy ncnxoanannsy nnmnoct
nnamnoro nyum, xora on ntcrynnn c asaorxo nonm ccosnarntnoro.
ax uro y nac, anannrnxon, crt ocoax
- ---------------------------------------
(1) annom cnyua no nayuntm nyxnnm cnyr nonnmart nnnnnnt
nccnonannx, ycranonnnnt n nonnnt omcrnnno-ncronucxo
naxrnxo n noromy nnormn axcnomarnucxn xaaxr.
nnunna trt ocrooxntmn nn ncnontsonannn nnrnnxryantnoro mornna nx
yrnxnnx nontx nnonoxnn, uro, nnsnartcx, n nomorar nam nsxart
ornnannx, comnnn n nonnx.
rotm momnrom x nasnan ncnxonornucxn. n +rom x nmm n nny omym
cxnonnocrt nm x nrxonnm n n n uyca. camoro nauana, xora
xnsnt r nac no cno crorn naso, n nac nonnmarcx norcr nornn
nnnoxnocrn n monoronnocrn saxonon mtmnnnx n nornn ronann nonxn
antnocrtm. accyox cranonnrcx narom, ornnmammnm y nac rax mnoro
nosmoxnocr nx nacnaxnn. rxtnamt, xaxo yonontcrnn - xorx t
nnaonro - nsannrtcx or nro n nartcx conasnam ccmtcnnnt. xontnnx
asnnxarcx ncxaxnnm cnon, no]ccnonantnt yunt nomyunnar na
cno xrntnocrtm nocn nayunoro xonrcca, ax ctsnt unonx
nacnaxarcx nro ocroymnx. on ctsnax naxnocrt x "accyxy n
nayx, camo nyum cnn unonxa" xr cnoro cnyuax, ona cnmnr orart
nnournn uyo-oxroy nnn ncxycnomy snaxam n "oyunntm" nauom,
ona nr nancruy yrnxnnxm oxxyntrnsma, noxa ro mnnmt ]axrt
nocnnnnmamrcx xax naymnn saxona n nannn, ona yctnnxr xnrnxy,
nsnamar nocnnxrnx, onnarcx nnsnann n oonn, xorot n moryr
trt onanant. Kro nnmr no nnnmann +ry cxnonnocrt nm, nmr nc
ocnonannx nx ocnnnnannx mnornx coomnn oxxyntrno nnraryt.
rtnm cooaxnnm x nasnan ncronucxo, xnax oarnrt nnnmann na ro,
uro n mn oxxyntrnsma n noncxonr, cocrnnno ronox, nnuro nonoro, no
n nm nnont nosnnxamr nc r snamnnx, uyca, nooucrna n xnnnnx
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yxon, o xorotx mt snam c nnnx nmn n ns nnnx xnnr n xorot mt
anno counn nooxnnm noysanno ]anrasnn nnn
rnnnnosntm naynarntcrnom, noyxrom roro nmnn, xora
nnxcrnnnocrt unonucrna tna ount nnnxa, a nayunt asym naxonncx
m n nnnxax. cnn mt nnmm sa ncrnny ro, uro noncxonr m n cronx,
no coomnnxm oxxyntrncron, ro mt onxnt ym nnsnart ocronntmn n r
cnnnx ns cnnxontx. rnt ncnomnnm, uro rannnn n cnxmnnt
xnnrn naoon nnonnnt raxnmn ncronxmn o uycax n uro nnrnn n cnonx
nnrxsannxx na ocronnocrt onnamrcx xax as na raxn usntuant n
uycnt cotrnx, unax n nnx oxasarntcrna crnnx cnxunonucxnx
cnn. rora ryno nsxart noosnnx, uro oxxyntrnt nnrc xnnxrcx,
cocrnnno, nnrnosntm, uro x rantm mornnam oxxyntrnoro nnxnnx
ornocnrcx crmnnn nomout nnrnn, xoroo yroxar norcc nayunoro
mtmnnnx. c nnsnannm raxoro mornna onxno nosacrn nam nonn n
nam nxnann nycxartcx n nccnonann rax nastnamtx oxxyntrntx
]nomnon.
o n xonn xonnon +ry anrnnarnm nnrcx nc-raxn noonrt. ut nr o
nonoc crnnrntnocrn, r. . ncrnnno nnn nr ro, o um coomamr
oxxyntrncrt. 3ro nt moxno mnrt nyrm nanmnnx. nnnnnn mt onxnt
trt naroant oxxyntrncram. oomnnx o uycax nnnx nmn mt n
moxm nonrnyrt nonx. onarax, uro nx nntsx oxasart, mt onxnt nc
x nnsnart, uro nx nntsx co nc crorocrtm n ononrnyrt(1). o o rom,
uro noncxonr n nacroxm nmx, umy mt moxm trt cnnrnxmn - o +rom
mt onxnt nmrt rno cyxnn. cnn mt ynmcx, uro raxnx uyc
cronx n tnar, ro mt n ncnyramcx n nosaxnnx, uro n nnocrn onn
nc-raxn mornn cnyuartcx. yrn oxcnnnx oxaxyrcx
- ---------------------------------------
(1) 3ro nonoxnn n osnauar nnsnannx uom ocronnocrn cnnn,
xorot coxarcx n oxxyntrnsm.
rora m nonxrn. rax, mt ocrannxm namn comnnnx n roront nncrynnrt x
nanmnnm oxxyntrntx ]nomnon.
K ncuacrtm, ryr mt ncruamcx c ocroxrntcrnamn, usntuano
nnaronnxrntmn nx namro naroro namnnx. anmnnx, or xorotx
onxno sanncrt nam cyxnn, noncxoxr n ycnonnxx, nammnx namn
uyncrnnnt nocnnxrnx nnaxntmn, nnrynnxmmnx nam nnnmann, n rmnor
nnn nn cxynom xacnom cnr, nocn nnrntnoro nanacnoro oxnannx. am
ronoxr, uro cama no c nama cxnrnucxax, r. . xnrnucxax, ycranonxa
moxr nommart noxnnnnm oxnamtx ]nomnon. osanmaxcx raxnm oasom
cnryannx xnnxrcx nocro xanxaryo na ycnonnx, n xorotx mt nnntxnn
otuno nononrt nayunt nccnonannx. anmnnx nonoxrcx na rax
nastnamtmn mnymamn, nnnamn, xorotm nnnnctnamrcx ocot "cnsnrnnnt"
cnoconocrn, no xorot nn n xo m n ornnuamrcx ntammnmncx
xaucrnamn yma nnn xaaxra, n xnnxmrcx nocnrnxmn xaxo-ro ontmo nn
nnn ctsnoro samtcna, xax nnn uyornont. anornn, ax y rx, xro
nnr n nx rant cnnt, onn cntnyr oconno nnaxntmn; ontmnncrno ns
nnx yx tnn asonaunt xax omanmnxn, cnyr oxnart, uro n ocrantntm
ncronr ro x camo. o, uro onn ocrnramr, nonsnonr nnuarnnn
rcxoro osocrna nnn ]oxycon. m nn asy na cancax c +rnmn mnymamn n
nonsomno nnuro, ocronoro nnnmannx, no nnomnnx x nonomy ncrounnxy
cnnt. ana, n or rmxa ]oxycnnxa, uycntm oasom ntnycxammro ns
nycroro nnnnna rony, n nnxonrcx xart asnnrnx ronynocrna.
rxo mory nocrannrt cx n nonoxnn unonxa, xorot, xnax conmcrn
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ronann oxrnnnocrn, nnnnmar yuacrn n cancax ox-
xyntrncron, no us nxoroo nmx ycrar n c ornamnnm orxastnarcx
or nocrannnntx ronann n, rax nnumy n n nayunnmnct, nosnamarcx x
cnonm nxnnm nyxnnxm. axoro unonxa moxno ynxnyrt n
nnannntnom nonnnn, nocxontxy ]nomnam, xorot on xour nsyunrt,
nntsx nnnctnart saan, xaxnmn onn onxnt trt n nn xaxnx ycnonnxx
onn onxnt noxnnxrtcx, on roro, cnyr noxnnrt ntxxy n conmart
mt nocrooxnocrn n xonronx, xorotmn m nanno ntrannct samnrnrtcx
or nnaxnocrn mnymon. K coxannnm, +ra conmnnax rxnnxa
sonacnocrn xnar xonn nrxo ocrynnocrn oxxyntrntx nanmnn.
syunn oxxyntrnsma cranonnrcx ocoo ryno no]ccn, xrntnocrtm,
xoroo nntsx nanartcx naxy c nounmn cnonmn nnrcamn. noxa
sannmammncx +rnm nccnonarnn nnyr x xaxnm-ro ntnoam, nam ocrarcx
nnmt comnnartcx n trt nocrannnntmn cnonm cocrnnntm nnonoxnnxm.
n +rnx nnonoxnn nanon noxrntm xnnxrcx, noxany, ro, uro n
oxxyntrnsm ut nr o xaxom-ro antnom x m n nosnanntx ]axron,
xoroo oman n ]anrasnx oxyrann ryno noonnmo oonouxo. o xax mt
moxm xorx t nnnnsnrtcx x +romy xy, c xaxo croont noorn x
nonm? 3ct, x nonaram, nam na nomomt nnr cnonnnn, noan nam
conr ntnnrt ns ncro +roro xaoca rmy rnnarnn.
t snar, uro rnnarn mt nastnam nnonaramt ]axr, xora cotrn,
noncxoxm n onnnno nmx, nnmno n ro x nmx ocosnarcx
orannntm n nocrancrn nnnom, nn +rom nsncrnt nam cnocot coomnnx
nntsx nnnnmart n acur. Monuannno nnoctnxo +roro xnnxrcx ro, uro
anno cotrn xacarcx nnna, x xoroomy yro nnno,
nnnnmamm nsncrn, nmr cnntnt +monnonantnt nnrc. ax, nannm,
c nnnom noncxonr ncuacrt nnn ono ymnar, a nnno , nnsxo cnxsanno
c nnm - mart, out nnn nosnmnnnax, - ysnar o +rom nnmno n ro x
nmx naroax snrntnomy nnn cnyxonomy nocnnxrnm; nocnnn cnyua,
nn xoroom o +rom yro t coomnnn no rn]ony, uro na camom n
n tno, ncrannxr coo n nsncrno m ncnxnucxo noon
cnononounoro rnra]a. r noxonmocrn rononrt o rom, nacxontxo
nnoxrnt raxn xnnnnx n ontmnncrno +rnx coomnn moxno c nonntm
ocnonannm ornrnyrt; r x, xorot orxnonnrt n rax-ro nocro,
ocramrcx. asmnr mn nx roro, urot coomnrt nam ro, uro x namrnn, n
antnmm onycxart ocrooxno cnonuxo "xxot" n noonxart rax, cnonno x
nm n oxrnnnym antnocrt rnnarnucxoro ]nomna. naxo ytr
ynnt, uro +ro n rax, uro x ocnontnamct n na yxnnn.
mory coomnrt nam, cocrnnno, nmnoro, ncro nnmt nsnaunrntnt ]axr.
xouy raxx casy x m ontm ymnrt namn oxnannx, cxasan, uro
cnonnnn, no cymcrny, nmr mano omro c rnnarn. Kax rnnarnx n
nonnnar nont cnr na cymnocrt cnonnnnx, rax n cnonnnn n xnnxrcx
nxmtm cnnrntcrnom antnocrn rnnarnn. nnarnucxn ]nomn raxx
concm n cnxsan co cnonnnnm, on moxr nosnnxnyrt n n cocroxnnn
ocrnonannx. nncrnnno nnunno nx ocyxnnx cnxsn mxy
cnonnnnm n rnnarn xnnxrcx ro, uro cocroxnn cna xaxrcx oconno
noxoxmnm nx nnma rnnarnucxoro nocnannx. nor xro-ro nnnr rax
nastnamt rnnarnucxn con, a nn ro ananns yxarcx, uro
rnnarnucxo nsncrn ctrano ry x ont, uro n nmo yro ocrarox
nnntx nnuarnnn, n xax raxono ono oxasanoct nsmnnntm n -
syntrar aort cnonnnnx, nounnnnmnct rnnnnn.
n ananns raxoro rnnarnucxoro cnonnnnx noncxonr nuro,
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noxasanmcx mn ocrarouno nnrcntm, urot, ncmorx na ncm ro
nsnaunrntnocrt, nnnxrt ro sa ncxont nynxr +ro nxnnn. Kora n 1922
r. x nan nno coomnn o +rom nmr, n mom acnoxxnnn tno
rontxo ono nanmnn. rx no x nonyunn n yrn, ananornunt, no x
ocranonnmct na nnom nnm, nocxontxy ro nru ncro nsnoxnrt, n casy
x nny nac in medias res.*
nn xnno nnrnnnrnrnt unonx, no ro yrnxnnm, "s manmnx
oxxyntrncrcxnx naxnonnocr", nnmr mn o onom cnonnnnn, xoroo
noxasanoct my cranntm. nx nauana on accxastnar, uro ro samyxnxx
out, noxnnammax anxo or nro, oxnar n cnn xax oxnnx
cnoro nnnna. 3ra out my ount nnsxa, on raxx snar, uro n ona
ount ncxnn x nmy nnnxsana. nout c 16-ro na 17- noxx my cnnrcx
con, uro ro xna onna nnsnnon. 3arm cnonann nxorot noonocrn,
xorot x mory sct onycrnrt, a n n nc nx yanoct oxcnnrt. nmnna,
xoroax n cnonnnnn crana martm nnsnnon, - ro nroax xna, mauxa
ro oun. n n xour nmrt r or +ro xnmnnt, orxastnax n
cnoconocrn asymno nocnnrtnart r. Ko nmnn cnonnnnx on anno
nxarnn c n nonont cnomnnx. anncart mn noynno ro n comnnn n
ronn cnonnnnx, x umy, xasanoct t, anano ocnonann xnno coxann
cnonnnnx, no noumy cnonnnn sacrannno +ry xnmnny oxart r
nonxn ro xnannm? o ro cnnrntcrny, n tno raxx nnxaxnx nnunn
nx onacnnx, uro +ro
- ---------------------------------------
* cyrt na (nar.). - nm. n.
nxnarntno cotrn moxr nonsorn. croxrntcrnom, noynnmnm ro
coomnrt mn o cnonnnnn, tno ro, uro 1-ro noxx ano yrom on nonyunn
rnrammy o rom, uro y ro oun onnnct nnsnnt, nramma tna
ornannna sa nt o +roro, ot nocnonann n nout c 16-ro na 17-,
nnmno n ror x uac, xora my cnnncx con o rom, uro xna onna my
nnsnnon. nnmn con cnamnnar mnx, cunram nn x cnyuanocrtm
connann cnonnnnx n cotrnx. n n marcx nasnart cnonnnn
rnnarnucxnm, rax xax asnnun mxy coxannm cnonnnnx n cotrnm
xacarcx xax as roro, uro xaxrcx my cymcrnnntm, a nmnno ncont
oxnnnt. o ono ns ro samuann nosnonxr saxnmunrt, uro on n ynnnncx
t n nacroxmmy rnnarnucxomy cnonnnnm. out, xax on nonarar, n cno
rynt uac nannxxa "ymana oconno o nm".
amt n rocnoa! ynn, uro nt camn yx moxr oxcnnrt +ro cnonnnn
n nonnmar, noumy x ro nam accxasan. 3ror unonx nononn cno
nroo xno, on xorn t, urot ro xna tna raxo x, xax ro out or
nnoro axa. nx ccosnarntnoro +ro "xax", xonuno, ncymcrnnno.
nor noutm my nnxonr rnnarnucxo nocnann, uro out onna nnsnnon.
aora cnonnnnx sannanar +rnm nsncrnm, nosnonxr ccosnarntnomy
xnannm, crmxmmycx nocrannrt na mcro xnt out, nocrnonart na nro,
n nosnnxar cranno xnno cnonnnn, xoroo macxnyr xnann n
ncxaxar nocnann. nsnartcx, nnmt ronxonann cnonnnnx noxasano nam,
uro +ro cnonnnn rnnarnucxo, ncnxoananns ncxtn rnnarnucxn
]axrt, xorot mt nnau n cmornn t ysnart.
o n nosnonxr nc-raxn nncrn cx n sanyxnn! cmorx na +ro
ronxonann cnonnnnx, nnuro
n coomnno o oxrnnno ncrnn rnnarnucxoro ]axra. Moxr trt, +ro
nnnmocrt, onycxammax n yro oxcnnn. osmoxno, uro cxtrt mtcnn
cnonnnnx unonxa tnn raxont: "ronx nt, xora onxnt tnn t
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nonsorn ot, cnn out, xax x, cocrnnno, cunram, omnanact na mcxn.
ntrnxna ona, xora x nnn n nocnnn as, rax, cnonno y n yr
nonx. mox noxonax xna rax nmnna r, xax ona oaonanact t
nnsnnam!" (ocnnn momnr x ntnoxy ns m n ynomxnyrtx acconnann
nnnmro con.) +rom cnyua noynrnm cnonnnnx tnn t xoomo
oocnonannt nnonoxnnx nnnmro con, a n rnnarnucxo nocnann, no
syntrar ocrancx t rm x. t nnnr, uro n +ro ronxonann cnonnnnx
nnuro n ar nx ornra na nonoc, cnyr nn rnnarnm nnsnart
oxrnnno antnocrtm. 3ro moxno tno t mnrt rontxo nyrm noonoro
nccnonannx ncx ocroxrntcrn annoro cnyuax, uro, x coxannnm, n +rom
nnm tno rax x mano nosmoxno, xax n n yrnx nnmax ns moro ontra.
onycrnm, uro rnnorsa rnnarnn ar camo nocro oxcnnn, no +rnm
ntnrtnarcx nmnoro. amo nocro oxcnnn n ncra nannntno,
ncrnna ount uacro n nocra, n nx um mnrtcx na raxo naxno
nnonoxnn, xourcx conmcrn nc mt nocrooxnocrn.
my cnonnnnx n rnnarnn mt moxm rnt ocrannrt, mn nuro nam
ontm cxasart o +rom. o samrtr c, uro nt n cnonnnn ano nam
xaxo-ro snann o rnnarnn, a ronxonann cnonnnnx, ncnxoanannrnucxax
oaorxa. ax uro n antnmm mt moxm concm ocrannrt cnonnnnx,
nnonoxnn, uro nnmnnn ncnxoanannsa nontr nxorot cnr na yrn
]axrt, nastnamt oxxyntrntmn. ax, nannm, ]nomn nnyxnnn, nnn
naun mtcn, nct-
ma nnsxn x rnnarnn, cocrnnno ronox, s ocoo narxxxn moxr trt c
n onnn. n osnauar, uro ymnnt noncct onoro nnna, ro
ncrannnnx, cocroxnnx nosyxnnx, nonnt noyxnnx moryr
nanartcx cxnost cnoono nocrancrno yromy nnny s ncnontsonannx
nsncrntx cnocoon coomnnx cnonamn n snaxamn. t nonnmar, xax tno t
samuarntno, a moxr trt, ax naxrnucxn naxno, cnn t noono
crnnrntno cnyuanoct. xaxy nonyrno, uro, xax nn cranno, n nnnx
onncannxx uyc nmnno o +rom ]nomn rononrcx mntm ncro.
n nunnn nannnron ncnxoanannrnucxnm mroom y mnx cnoxnnoct
nnuarnnn, uro sanxrnx no]ccnonantntx ncxasarn raxr n c
naronnxrnym nosmoxnocrt oconno synunoro nanmnnx sa nau
mtcn. 3ro nsnaunrntnt nnn ax nnonnonnnt nmn, nocnxrnnmn cx
xaxomy-nnyt sanxrnm - raannm na xarax, nsyunnm nouxon n nnnn yx,
acronornucxnm ntuncnnnxm - n ncxastnammn nn +rom cnonm nocrnrnxm
yym, nocn roro xax onn noxaxyr cx nocnxmnntmn n nx nomno nnn
nacroxm. x xnnnrt no ontm uacrn nnonn onontcrnymrcx +rnm n n
crymr, cnn nnocncrnnn nooucrna n ctnamrcx. snam mnoxcrno raxnx
cnyuan, nmn nosmoxnocrt nsyunrt nx anannrnucxn n cuac accxaxy nam
camt samuarntnt ns +rnx nnmon. K coxannnm, oxasarntnocrt +rnx
coomnn ymanxrcx rm, uro x ntnyxn o mnorom ymanunnart, rax xax x
+romy mnx oxstnar naunax +rnxa. o x co nc crorocrtm nsran
ncxaxnn. rax, nocnymar ncronm ono ns monx nannnrox, y xoroo tn
raxo cnyua c onnm ncxasarnm.
na tna cram cn artn n ccr, ntocna n ycnonnxx usntuano
cnntno nnnxsannocrn x
orny, ano ntmna samyx, n cynyxcrn namna nonno yonnrnonn. nx
nonnoro cuacrtx n xnarano nnmt onoro - ona ocrananact srno, rax
uro nmnmt myx n mor nonnocrtm sanxrt mcro orna. Kora x nocn
onrnx nr asouaonannx ona mnnact na rnnxonornucxym onannm, myx
nnsnancx , uro nnna nxnr na nm: ns-sa onsnn o xnnrtt on cran
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ncnocon x sauarnm. 3ro asouaonann ona nncna c ryom, crana
nnornuno, xnno craax craxamn conasna. rot asnnut, myx nsxn c
coo n nonym nosxy n anx. naxt onn cnnn ram n xonn ornx,
xora ocnnoct n rnasa xaxo-ro oxnnnnn cn nncnyrn. na
cnocnna, n um no, n ysnana, uro nntn Monsieur le proIesseur, xorot
ar xoncyntrannn n raxom-ro xannr. na saxorna rox
noxoncyntrnonartcx. Myx n conronan, no ona ynyunna momnr,
nocxontsnyna n xannr nx xoncyntrann n ncrana n ncxasarnm.
tno 2 7 nr, no ntrnxna ona namnoro monox, oyuantno xontno ona
cnxna. Monsieur le proIesseur nonocnn onycrnrt yxy n uamy,
nanonnnnym sono, rmarntno nsyunn ornuarox, on accxasan sarm o
rxxno ot, xoroax ncronr, n saxonunn yrmnrntntm sannnm,
uro ona nc-raxn ntr m samyx n x 32 roam yr nmrt nonx r.
Kora ona accxastnana mn +ry ncronm, tno 43 roa, rxxno ontnax,
ona n nmna nnxaxo naxt onrt xora-nnyt nxa. axnm oasom,
nooucrno n ncnonnnnoct, no rononna ona o nm s ncxxo roun, a c
xnntm yonnrnonnm, cnonno ncnomnnana aocrno nxnnann. ryno
tno ycranonnrt, uro ona n nmna nn manmro ncrannnnx, uro mornn
osnauart oa uncna nooucrna (2 n 32) n snaunnn nn onn noom uro-nnyt.
t cxaxr, xaxax rnynax n nnonxrnax ncronx, n cnocnr, nx uro x
nam accxasan. a, x tn t
c namn conmnno cornacn, cnn t - n ryr mammn momnr - n ananns,
nosnonnnmn nam ncronxonart ro nooucrno, xoroo xax as naroax
oxcnnnm ran nonsnonr ynrntno nnuarnnn. no n rom, uro
oa uncna nrann ont n xnsnn marn mo nannnrxn. a nosno ntmna
samyx, nocn rnnarn, n n cmt uacro rononnn o rom, xax yauno ona
nocnmnna nancrart ynymnno. a nntx nxa, cnauana nama
nannnrxa, onnnct c camtm nosmoxno xoorxnm nomxyrxom nmnn n onom
xannanom roy, n crnnrntno, n 32 roa y n yx tno no r.
axnm oasom, ro, uro Monsieur le proIesseur cxasan mo nannnrx,
osnauano: yrmtrct, nt m rax monot. V nac yr raxax x cyta, xax y
nam marn, xoroo rox nnmnoct onro xart r, y nac rox yr
no r x 32 roam. o nmrt raxym x cyty, xax n mart, nocrannrt
cx na mcro, sanxrt mcro nn orn - nt +ro n tno camo cnntno
xnann mnocrn, xnann, ns-sa nntnonnnnx xorooro nauanact rnt
onsnt. ooucrno omano , uro ro ncnonnnn nc m nosmoxno; uro
x, xom nnsnarntnocrn, ona morna uyncrnonart x ncxasarnm? o
cunrar nn nt nosmoxntm, urot Monsieur le proIesseur snan ]axrt nnrnmno
xnsnn cmtn cno cnyuano xnnnrxn? 3ro nnosmoxno. rxya x nnmno x
nmy snann, xoroo nomorno my nxnmunrt n nooucrno oa uncna n
ntasnrt camo cnntno n camo rano xnann nannnrxn? nnxy rontxo na
nosmoxntx oxcnnnx. nn +ra ncronx n rom nn, n xaxom ona tna mn
accxasana, nnanonoona n noncxonna no-yromy, nnn cnyr
nnsnart, uro naua mtcn xnnxrcx antntm ]nomnom. ana, moxno
nnonoxnrt n ro, uro no nomcrnnn 16 nr nannnrxa cama ncrannna n
nocnomnnann oa uncna, o xo-
rotx nr ut, nsxn nx ns cnoro ccosnarntnoro. V mnx nr nnxaxoro
ocnonannx nx +roro nnonoxnnx, no ncxnmunrt ro x n mory n cunram,
uro nt cxo nonnr n raxo oxcnnn, nxnn n antnocrt naun
mtcn. cnn x nt mnrct na nocnn, ro n satnar o rom, uro nnmt
ananns ntxnnn oxxyntrnt ]axrt, ncxtn nx ram, r onn tnn ncxaxnt o
nysnanamocrn.
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cnn t ut mna rontxo o onom raxom cnyua, xax c mo nannnrxo, ro
mnmo nro moxno tno t norn, noxan nnuamn. nxomy n nnmno t n
ronony ocnontnart ny, osnauammym cront mnrntnt nonoor, na
onom-nncrnnnom nanmnnn. o nontr, +ro n nncrnnnt cnyua n
mom ontr, coan nnt x raxnx nooucrn n ns ncx nnx ntnc
nnuarnnn, uro ncxasarnt ntasnn rontxo mtcnn oarnnmnxcx x nmy
nnn n oconno nx rant xnannx, rax uro cnannnno tno t
noanannsnonart raxn nooucrna, xax cnn t onn xnnxnnct cyxrnnntmn
noyxramn, ]anrasnxmn nnn cnonnnnxmn +rnx nnn. Konuno, n nc cnyuan
onnaxono oxasarntnt n n nx ncx casy moxno narn on annonantno
oxcnnn, no nc-raxn n nnom ount nnnxa noxrnocrt crnnrntno
naun mtcn. s-sa naxnocrn nmra moxno tno t nnncrn nam nc
mon cnyuan, no +ro nnosmoxno ncncrnn nocrannocrn nx onncannx n
nnsxnoro naymnnx nn +rom nauno +rnxn. ontramct ycnoxonrt cnom
concrt, nnnx nam m ncxontxo nnmon.
naxt mnx nocrnn nctma nnrnnnrnrnt monoo unonx, crynr, n
cnonm nocnnnm +xsamnom na crnnt oxroa, xorot on n n cocroxnnn
tn cart, noromy uro, xax on xanonancx, on yrarnn nc nnrct,
cnoconocrt xonnnrannn, ax
nosmoxnocrt ynoxounnoro nocnomnnannx. tcronx +roro noonoro
naannuy cocroxnnx cxoo acxtnact, on saonn n syntrar oromnoro
camonoonnnx. V nro crt ccra, x xoroo on ornocnncx c nnrncnnno,
no nocroxnno cxnnamo nmontm, xax n ona x nmy. Kax xant, uro mt n
moxm noxnnrtcx, nxo rononnn onn mxy coo. nn ocront unonx
nnmnncx n +ry ccry, ona ornrnna my narocxnonnocrtm, no onrnn
cornacnx na ax n ann. +rom crnnnom nonoxnnn monoax naa
oarnnact x ary, n on n orxasan nm n nomomn. n tn nocnnxom n nx
nnncx, no ro nnnxnnm yanoct naxonn onrtcx cornacnx onrn na
ax. ana, sa nmx nomonnxn nonsomn onn cnyua, snaunn xorooro
nrxo asraart. n nnnnxn ryno nyrmcrnn n rot c yymnm sxrm
s nononnxa, onn cnnnct c nyrn, n nm rosnna onacnocrt n nnyrtcx
nasa nntmn n nnnmtmn. cxo nocn samyxcrna ccrt on nnan n +ro
cocroxnn ncnxnucxoro ncromnnx.
ran no nnnxnnm ncnxoanannsa nnont aorocnocontm, on noxnnyn mnx,
conaxct canart cnon +xsamnt, no nocn yauno nx caun ocntm roro x
roa na xoorxo nmx cnona nnyncx xo mn. n accxasan o crannom
nxnnannn, xoroo on ncntran n xanyn nra. nx ynnncnrrcxom roox
tna ona ncxasarntnnna, xoroax nontsonanact ontmnm ycnxom. ax
nnnnt nnacrnn nmnn otxnonnn n naxntmn namn rynxno
xoncyntrnonartcx c n. noco, nn nomomn xorooro ona aorana, tn
ount nocr. na nocnna coomnrt ary oxnnx onnnnoro nnna, n
ryx nnxaxnx yrnx cnnn, ax nmnn, sarm cnannxnact n
acronornucxnx xnnrax, nonsnonna onrn ntuncnnnx n naxonn ntanana
nooucrno o coornrcrnymmm
nnn. Mo nannnr mnn nocnontsonartcx ranncrnnntm ncxyccrnom n
ornomnnn cnoro sxrx. n nocrnn , nasnan rymym ary oxnnx sxrx.
ocn roro xax ona nonsnna cnon ntuncnnnx, ona coomnna nooucrno:
+ro nnno ymr or orannnnx axamn nnn ycrnnamn n nmn nnn anrycr +roro
roa. Mo nannnr saxonunn cno accxas cnonamn: "3ro tno nocro
nnnxonnno!"
c camoro nauana cnyman noxorno. ocn +roro nocxnnnannx x nosnonnn c
nonoc: "ro x nnnxonnnoro nt naxonr n +rom nooucrn? uac
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nosnxx ocnt, nam sxrt n ym, +ro t nt coomnnn mn casy. rax,
nooucrno n ctnoct". "ro nno, ro nno, - saxnnn on, - no
samuarntno cnymm. Mo sxrt, cracrnt nmnrnt axon n ycrnn,
nomntm nrom, r. . o nocmnnx ncxasarntnnnt, nnc orannnn
ycrnnamn, or xorooro uyrt n ym". ro x mor cxasart na +ro? mor
rontxo noocaonart, uro ntcoxooasonannt unonx, xorot, xom roro,
ycnmno nomn xyc anannsa, n cmor nyum asrnxrt nsanmocnxsn. , co
cno croont, nx um nonnrt romy, uro no acronornucxnm xnnram
moxno ntuncnnrt orannnn axamn nnn ycrnnamn, oxorn nnonoxnn t,
uro mo nannnr nc m n noonn nnanncrn x cnomy connnxy, or
ntrcnnnx xoroo on n cno nmx saonn, n uro ncxasarntnnna nocro
ntcxasana ro cocrnnnym naxy: or raxnx nncracrn n orxastnamrcx, n
xora-nnyt on nc-raxn or +roro nornnr. yrnxam, uro nx +roro
cnyuax x n snam nnxaxoro yroro oxcnnnx, xom, moxr trt, roro, uro
mo nannnr nosnonnn c co mno nomyrnrt. o on n noanan nn rora, nn
nosx ocnonannx nx raxoro noosnnx, n, xasanoct, uro nc, o um on
rononn, tno ctsno.
yro cnyua. nn monoo unonx, sannmammn nnno nonoxnn, cocronr
n cnxsn c nxo cnrcxo amo, noxnnxx nn +rom cranno nacnnn. mx
or nmnn on onxn nnunnxrt cno nosnmnnno ont nacmmxamn n
nsnxamn, noxa ra n nnar n nonno oruaxnn. onx o raxoro
cocroxnnx, on uyncrnyr onrunn, mnnrcx c n n oannar noaxamn.
o rnt on xorn t ocnoonrtcx or n, nacnnn my nnnxrno, on
samuar, uro ro cocrnnnax nyrannx craar or +ro cnxsn, on xour
nmrt xny, sancrn cmtm. ocxontxy on n moxr cocrnnntmn cnnamn
ocnoonrtcx or +ro amt, on nnrar x nomomn anannsa. ocn ono
raxo ocxonrntno cnnt, yx no nmx anannsa, on nocnr nanncart
my orxtrouxy, xoroym nnarar ra]onory. 3axnmunn, nonyunno nm,
rnacnr: +ro noux unonxa, naxoxmrocx n ntcm crnnn oruaxnnx,
xorot nnmnno n nnxamn nn noxonunr c coo. ana, +roro n
noncxonr, ama ocrarcx n xnntx, no nyrm anannsa yarcx ocnanrt ro
oxont; on ocrannxr amy n anr cno nnnmann ono monoo nymx, or
xoroo xr, uro ona yr nx nro xoom xno. cxo nocn +roro my
cnnrcx con, xorot moxno ncronxonart rontxo xax naunnammcx comnnn n
ocronncrnax +ro nymxn. n n y n r oasn nouxa, nnoxnn ro
sarm romy x anronrry, n ysnar cyxnn o noux, nornxamm
ro comnnnx. ora on orxastnarcx or namnnx cnart cno xno.
rot onnnrt ronxonannx ra]onora, oconno nno, nyxno xo-uro snart
ns rano ncronn namro monooro unonxa. annm mnomcxom nosacr on
tn o symnx nnmnn n coornrcrnnn co cno cracrno naryo n ony
monoym xnmnny, xoroax tna, onaxo, cram ro. onyunn or n orxas,
on conmnn nontrxy camoyncrna, ctsnocrt ro nam-
nnx n ntstnar comnnnx. ontxo naroax cnyuanocrn on nsxan
cmrn, n nnmt nocn nnrntnoro yxoa cnnt ro noccranonnnnct. o ro
nxn nocrynox nonsnn na nmnmym xnmnny rnyoxo nnuarnnn, ona
noanna my narocxnonnocrt, on cran nosnmnnntm, c rx no tn c n
n rano cnxsn n cnyxnn , xax nacroxmn tnat. nycrx on nyx
cxrnnrn, xora oa nocrann, xnmnna, crcrnnno, ontm, um on, n
nm nocnynact nornocrt ornartcx or n, crart cnoontm, ncrn
camocroxrntnym xnsnt, sancrn cno om n cmtm. ononmnno c +ro
nctmnnocrtm y nro noxnnnact onro noannxmax nornocrt mcrn cno
nosnmnnno. cnn xora-ro on xorn noxonunrt c coo, noromy uro ona
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nnrna nm, ro rnt my saxornoct narn yonnrnonn n rom, uro
ona yr ncxart cmrn, noromy uro on ocrannr . o ro nmont tna m
cnnmxom cnntno nx roro, urot +ro xnann morno crart ocosnanntm; on tn
raxx n n cocroxnnn nnunnnrt ocrarouno sna, urot oncrn o
cmrn. raxom cocroxnnn yxa on cnan cnrcxym amy n nsncrno crnnn
mantunxom nx nrtx, urot in corpore vili* yonnrnonrt cnom xaxy
mcrn, nnunnxx ncxxn myunnx, oxnax or nnx roro ncxoa, xorooro on
xnan no ornomnnm x nmnmo xnmnn. o, uro mcrt ornocnnact,
cocrnnno, x +ro nocnn, ntar nnmt ro ocroxrntcrno, uro on
nocnxrnn n cnom nmonnym cnxst, cnan cno conrunn, nmcro roro
urot cxtrt or n cno nann. cuacrnax anno, nnnmo, craana or
ro ]amnntxnocrn ontm, um cnrcxax ama or ro xcroxocrn. acnnn, na
xoroo on xanonancx no ornomnnm x nocrannomy nnny n xoroo nnnno ro
x anannsy, tno, xonuno, nncno co crao nosnm-
- ---------------------------------------
* a manonnnom oxr (nar.). - nm. . nnoa.
nnno na n; +ra nocnnxx tna ro, or xoroo on xorn ocnoonrtcx n
n mor. n ra]onor n n ntcoxoro mnnnx o ncxyccrn yratnart xaaxr
no nouxy, m mntm x nm n nosmoxnocrt ncxastnart raxnm oasom
yym nncanmro. o nt nnnr, xax nn asymtna o nnnocrn ra]onornn,
ncomnnno, uro +xcnr, omax, uro nanncanmn nnoxnnym my noy n
nnxam nmx noxonunr c coo, ntxnnxr onxrt-raxn rontxo cnntno
rano xnann oarnnmrocx x nmy nnna. uro noono nonsomno n nn
nroom ronxonannn, asn uro sct ut mna n o ccosnarntnom xnannn,
a o rom, uro saoxanmncx comnnnx n osaounnocrt cnamnnammro namnn
cno xcno ntaxnn n ycrax ra]onora. noum, momy nannnry yanoct c
nomomtm anannsa cnart nto nosnmnnno sa nnamn saxononannoro
xyra, n xorot on nonan.
amt n rocnoa! or nt ntcnymann, uro ronxonann cnonnnn n ncnxoananns
noom cnann nx oxxyntrnsma. a nnmax nt nnnn, uro naroax nx
ncnontsonannm oxxyntrnt ]axrt, xorot ocrannct t nnonnnamtmn,
noxcnnnnct. a nonoc, xorot, ncomnnno, nnrcyr nac ontm ncro,
- moxno nn nnrt n oxrnnnym antnocrt +rnx ]axron? - ncnxoananns n
moxr ornrnrt nxmo, onaxo ntxnnnnt c ro nomomtm marnan nonsnonr
no mntm m naronnxrno nnuarnnn nx yrnnrntnoro ornra. a
+rom nam nnrc n ncuntnarcx. t saxornr ysnart, nano na xaxn
ntnot ar ror ncannnno on orart marnan, x xoroomy ncnxoananns
nnnuacrn. o n +rom x n mory nam nomout, +ro yx n mox onacrt.
nncrnnno, uro x mory m cnart, +ro accxasart o nanmnnxx,
xorot nmmr x anannsy xort xaxo-ro ornomnn, onn tnn cnant no nmx
anannrnucxoro nu-
nnx, moxr trt, ax crann nosmoxnt naroax ro nnnxnnm. nnny nam
onn raxo nnm, ror, xorot nonsnn na mnx camo cnntno
nnuarnnn, cnam +ro ount noono, saxy nam nnnmann na onnnn
uacrnocr, n nc-raxn nn +rom nnrcx onycrnrt mnoro, uro ount
nontcnno t ynrntnocrt nanmnnx. 3ro nnm, n xoroom ]axrt xcno
nocrynamr n nx n nyxno acnyrtnart nn nomomn anannsa. naxo, ocyxax
nx, mt n cmoxm oornct s nro. o x saan nynxam nac, uro
ax +ror nnm xaxymcx naun mtcn na accroxnnn n anannrnucxo
cnryannn n sacraxonan or ncxucxnx comnnn n n nosnonxr sycnonno
nnnxrt sa antnocrt oxxyntrnt ]nomn.
rax, nocnymar. naxt ocntm 1919r. nnmno s urnrn 11 yra
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rontxo uro nntnmn ns onona - +nn uocar noan mn nnsnrnym
xarouxy n ro nmx, xax x sannmancx onnm nannnrom. (Mo ynaxamt
xonnra ns ononcxoro ynnncnrra, xonuno, n courr sa craxrnocrt,
cnn x orxom, uro n runn ncxontxnx mcxnn nnonn ro n ncxyccrno
ncnxoanannrnucxo rxnnxn.) V mnx tno nmx rontxo nonnnrcrnonart ro
n nnrnacnrt na on nosnn uac. V mnx - uocar ntstnan ocot
nnrc: on tn nntm nnocrannm, xorot nntn xo mn nocn nsonxnnn
nonntx nr, snamnyx cnonm noxnnnnm nacrynnnn nyumnx nmn. cxo
nocn +roro, n 11 uacon, nnmn onn ns monx nannnron, rocnonn .,
ocroymnt n nmsnt unonx n nosacr mxy 40 n 50, xorot n cno
nmx oarnncx xo mn ns-sa rynocr c xnmnnamn. ro cnyua n
nnman rannrnucxoro ycnxa; x anno nnaran my nxarnrt
nunn, no on xorn ro noonxnnx, ounnno noromy, uro nnxrno omyman
cx n |322|
na orna. ntrn n r nmna n nrann nnxaxo onn, rax xax nx tno
cnnmxom mano; uact, xorot x nononn c nnm, tnn n nx mnx nnxrntm
nosyxnnm n ortxom, n raxnm oasom, nonxn crornm nannnam
nauno naxrnxn, anannrnucxn sanxrnx noonxannct o namunnoro
coxa.
+ror nt . nnyncx x cnonm nontrxam ycranonnrt c xnmnnamn nmonnt
ornomnnx n onxrt ynomxnyn o xacnno nnxanrno no nymx, y xoroo
on mor t nmrt ycnx, cnn t or nmoro ctsnoro mara ro n ornyrnyn
]axr ncrnnnocrn. n n antm uacro rononn o n, cronx x n
nnt as accxasan, uro ona, xonuno, n nmx nn manmro ncrannnnx
o crnnrntntx nnunnax ro sarynnnx, otuno nastnar ro "rocnonn
Vorsicht" x noxasan my.
axont ]axrt. nonaram, uro onn noxasannct nam cxyntmn, no nt rontxo
nocnymar antm, sa +rnm xorcx ontm.
cxontxo nr cno mnocrn . noxnn n nrnnn n c rx no coxannn
nocroxnnt nnrc x anrnncxo nnrary. V nro tna orarax anrnncxax
nnnorxa, on nmn otxnonnn nnnocnrt mn ns n xnnrn, n my x oxsan
snaxomcrny c raxnmn anroamn, xax nnr n Ioncyocn, xorotx x o +roro
mano unran. naxt on an mn nounrart oman Ioncyocn no nasnannm
nonx-cocrnnnnx, xorot astrtnarcx n nnymanno nncarnm cmt
uocar (Forsyte). unnno, Ioncyocn cam nnnnncx +ro ntymxo, noromy
uro n n on nosnnx accxasax on nonoxarno nosnamarcx x nconaxam
+ro cmtn n naxonn conar nc xacammncx nx counnnnx no nasnannm
ara o uocarax. cro nnmt sa ncxont-
xo n o onnctnamoro cnyuax . nnnc mn nont rom ns +ro cnn.
uamnnnx uocar n nc rnnnuno, uro xorn nonnornrt n n nncarnt, nrana
ont raxx n n monx cax c ., cran uacrtm ranoro xstxa, rax uacro
nosnnxammro mxy nymx nnnamn nn nocroxnnom omnnn. ana, ]amnnnx
uocar (Forsyte) n rx omanax nmnoro ornnuarcx or ]amnnnn moro
nocrnrnx uocara (Forsyth), nx nmnxoro nonsnomnnx +ro na
asnnunmo, a cmtcnono anrnncxo cnono, nonsnocnmo namn raxx Ioresight
nana nn, +ro ntrnxnr yx nyum. o x nonaram, uro mt nonyunm on
cnntno nnuarnnn or +roro crannoro ]nomna n ax xax t nonnxnm n
ycnonnx ro nosnnxnonnnx, cnn anannrnucxn ocnrnm n yrn
acconnannn, xorot nnnn . nmnno n ror uac.
o-nntx, n onn ns n na nomno nn x nanacno noxan rocnonna
. n 11 uacon n sarm ymn nancrnrt -a nrona ]on una n ro
nancnon. tn noaxn, ysnan, uro rocnonn . xnn na yrom +rax oma,
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r nommancx nancnon. cnxsn c +rnm x nosn accxasan ., uro x ro,
moxno cxasart, nocrnn n ro om, no x nannxxa snam, uro x n nasnan
]amnnnn nnna, xorooro x nocrnn n nancnon. nor ncxo nocn ynomnnannx
rocnonna ]on uosnxr (Vorsicht) on cnamnnar mnx: " xnnxrcx nn
u-rroro, xoroax unrar n naonom ynnncnrr xyc anrnncxoro
xstxa, nam outm?" nnnt sa onro nmx omnnx on onycxar
ncxaxnn mo ]amnnnn, x xoroomy mnx, nana,
nnyunnn nnacrn, unnonnnxn n naomnxn: on cxasan nmcro u - un.
o-nrotx, n xonn roro x uaca on accxasan con, or xorooro n crax
nocnyncx, nacroxmn, no ro cnonam, xomma. n oannn, uro nanno
satn, xax +ro yr no-anrnncxn n cxasan cnamnnammmy, uro no-anrnncxn
xommant con nastnarcx "a mares nest". 3ro, xonuno, ccmtcnnna, a
mares nest osnauar nnoxrnym ncronm, ntnnny, xommant con x
nnonrcx xax "night-mare". 3ror cnyua, xaxrcx, n nmr c ntymnm
nnuro omro, xom onoro +nmnra - anrnncxoro xstxa, no mn on
nanomnnn onn manntxn +nnso, noncmmn nnmno na mcxn antm. .
cnn y mnx n xomnar, xora noxnanno nocn onro asnyxn xo mn nomn
yro nnxrnt mn rocrt ns onona, - 3ncr xonc. noan my snax
norn n yrym xomnary, noxa x oronomct c . o ror casy ysnan ro no
nncxm n nnmno ]orora]nn n ax ntasnn xnann trt my
ncrannnntm. xonc xnnxrcx anroom monora]nn o xommanom cn -
night-mare (1912); x n snan, nsncrna nn ona tna . or nsran unrart
anannrnucxn xnnrn.
nauana x xorn t noxasart nam, xax moxno anannrnucxn nonxrt cnxst
]anrasn . n nx mornnnonxn. ornomnnn ]amnnnn Forsyte nnn Forsyth .
nmn ry x ycranonxy, uro n x, ona osnauana nx nro ro x camo, x noom
oxsan my snaxomcrnom c +ro ]amnnn. nmuarntntm tn ]axr, uro on
nnc +ry ]amnnnm noxnanno n ananns ncxo nocn roro, xax n syntrar
nonoro cotrnx, nntrnx nononcxoro naua, ona nnona nx mnx
snaunn n yrom cmtcn. o moxr trt, n mn nnrcntm, um cam
]axr, xnnxrcx cnoco noxnnnnx ]amnnnn n nam anannrnucxo c. n
ax n cxasan: cuac mn nn-
mna n ronony ]amnnnx Forsyte ns nsncrntx nam omanon, no cymn nnncrn
n cnon nxnnannx so ncxxoro ocosnannoro ornomnnx x +romy ncrounnxy n
nsnnx orrya na cnr oxn, uro morno t nonsorn anno, no o cnx
no n noncxonno. sarm on cxasan: x rox uocar, nt nymxa mnx
rax nastnar. yno n acnosnart cmmnnx nnnnoro nnrxsannx n
rotxoro camoynnunxnnx, xorot naxoxr cno ntaxnn n +rom
ntcxastnannn. Mt n omnmcx, cnn ononnnm ro nnmno rax: mnx
onxar, uro amn mtcnn nnnxom sanxrt nntnmnm. nnrct nc-raxn xo
mn, x nt rox uocar (Forsyth) - nana, ncro nnmt rocnonn ]on
uosnxr |326|
ro nnnnt noyxnnx x n mory nasnart nn nymcrntmn, nn nnonxrntmn.
n tn nororonnn x romy, uro ro sanxrnx anannsom, a c nnmn n nam
omnn saxonuarcx, xax rontxo n ny nnyyr nnocrannt yunnxn n
nannnrt, n rax ono crnnrntno ncxo n nonsomno. o ro, uro mt o
cnx no ocrnrnn, tno uacrtm anannrnucxo aort, oxcnnnm rn
]anrasnn, noncmmn n onn n ror x uac, nonxronannt onnm n rm x
mornnom, a +ro nmr nmnoro omro c yrnm nonocom: moryr nn +rn
]anrasnn nosnnxnyrt s naun mtcn nnn nr? ocnn nmr ornomnn
x xaxo ns rx ]anrasn n, raxnm oasom, acnaarcx na rn orntntx
nonoca: mor nn . snart, uro - uocar rontxo uro nanc mn cno nnt
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nnsnr? Mor nn on snart ]amnnnm nnna, xoroo x nocrnn n ro om? 3nan nn
on, uro - xonc nanncan aory o xommanom cn? nn +ro tno rontxo mo
snann o +rnx nmax, xoroo noxnnnoct n ro ]anrasnxx? r ornra na +rn
rn nonoca yr sanncrt, nosnonnr nn mo nanmnn cnart ntno n
nontsy nncnnx mtcn. crannm na nxoroo nmx nnt nonoc, n
nyx yrnx nru asoartcx. nyua c nnsnrom n nancnon nonsnonr na
nnt nsrnx oconno onaxnnamm nnuarnnn. ynn, uro n cnom
xoorxom myrnnnom ynomnnannn o nnsnr n ro om x n nasnan nnxaxo
]amnnnn, n cunram nctma manonoxrntm, uro . cnannxncx n nancnon o
]amnnnn nnna, o xoroom nr ut, cxo x nnonoxy, uro o ro
cymcrnonannn romy tno conmnno nnsncrno. o oxasarntnocrt +roro
cnyuax nonrarcx ocnonarntnomy comnnnm ns-sa ono cnyuanocrn.
nonx, xorooro x nancrnn n nancnon, n rontxo nocnn ]amnnnm un
(Freund), no on tn nx nac ncx nacroxmnm yrom.*
- ---------------------------------------
* o-nmnxn Freund - yr. - nm. n.
3ro tn - nron un, naroax noxrnonannm xorooro tno ocnonano
nam nsarntcrno. ro snmnnax xonunna, xax n cmrt namro Kana
axama ncxontxo nr cnycrx, tnn camtmn rxxntmn yraramn, nocrnrmnmn
ncnxoananns. rax, x mor t rora cxasart rocnonny .: " nocrnn n namm
om onoro yra", n c +ro nosmoxnocrtm oxxyntrnt nnrc x ro nroo
acconnannn ncusar.
nuarnnn or rrt ]anrasnn rox tcro accnnarcx. Mor nn . snart,
uro xonc onynnxonan aory o xommanom cn, cnn on nnxora n unran
anannrnucxo nnraryt? a, on mor +ro snart. V nro tnn xnnrn namro
nsarntcrna, n on mor nnrt annorannn nontx nynnxann na onoxxax. 3ro
nntsx oxasart, no nntsx n ononrnyrt. rax, +rnm nyrm mt n nnm
nn x xaxomy mnnm. K coxannnm, mo nanmnn craar rm x
nocrarxom, xax n mnorn my noont. no tno cnnmxom nosno sanncano n
ocyxanoct n ro nmx, xora x ontm n nnncx c rocnonnom . n n mor
accnocnrt ro o noonocrxx.
o nnmcx x nnomy cnyuam, xorot, ax nsxrt n orntnocrn, xax
yro t coxanxr nnnmocrt ]axra naun mtcn. Mor . snart, uro
oxro uocar tn y mnx sa urnrt uaca o nro? Mor nn on noom snart
o ro cymcrnonannn nnn o ro nns n ny? ntsx noanartcx ncxymnnm
ncnno ornnart oa nnonoxnnx. Mn nnnrcx nc x nyrt, xorot nr
x uacrnunomy yrnxnnm. nt mor t coomnrt rocnonny ., uro xy
naua ns nrnnn nx oyunnx anannsy, xax nnoro ronyx nocn ncmnnoro
norona. 3ro morno trt nrom 1919 r.; sa ncxontxo mcxnn o cnoro
nntrnx - uocar oronannancx co mno o +rom n nnctmax. ax mor
nasnart ro ]amnnnm, xorx +ro xaxrcx mn nctma manonoxrntm. nx
ntxcnnnx yroro snaunnx +ro
]amnnnn nx nac oonx cnonano t ncnomnnrt cy c ynomnnannm +ro
]amnnnn, or xoroo y mnx onxno tno t xo-uro ocrartcx n namxrn. c
x +ro morno trt, a x norom o +rom mor ocnonarntno satrt, rax uro
"rocnonn ]on uosnxr" mor nonsncrn na mnx nnuarnnn uya no nmx
anannrnucxo ct. cnn cunrart cx cxnrnxom, ro nctma
nocnonarntno comnnartcx nmx or nmnn n n cnom cxncnc. Moxr
trt, n y mnx crt ranax cxnonnocrt x uycnomy, xoroax rax
cnococrnyr cosannm oxxyntrntx ]axron.
cnn n +ror uycnt cnyua yart c nyrn, ro nac xr m yro, camt
rynt ns ncx. nonoxnm, uro rocnonn . snan o cymcrnonannn nxoro
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-a uocara, xorooro oxnamr n n ocntm, rora xax oxcnnrt, uro on
rax nocnnnmunn x nmy xax as n nt ro nntrnx n nnoccrnnno nocn
ro nnoro nnsnra? Moxno cxasart, uro +ro cnyuanocrt, r. . ocrannrt
noxcnnntm, no x noono ocynn r n ]anrasnn . nmnno nx roro,
urot ncxnmunrt cnyuanocrt, urot noxasart nam, uro on crnnrntno tn
sanxr nnnntmn mtcnxmn o nmxx, xorot nocmamr mnx n xorotx x
nocmam; nnn moxno nontrartcx nnonoxnrt, urot n ynycrnrt camym
xanmm nosmoxnocrt, uro . samrnn mo ocoo nonnnn, o xoroom x,
nana, nnuro n snan, cnan ns nro cno saxnmunn. nn rocnonn .,
xorot nnmn nt ncro nnmt urnrt uaca cnycrx nocn anrnnuannna,
ncrrnn ro r-ro na omm nyrn, ysnan no rnnnuno anrnncxo nnmnocrn
n, nmx nocroxnno ycranonxy na cno nnnno oxnann, noyman: "or +ro -
- uocar, c nntrnm xorooro monm sanxrnxm anannsom nacrynnr xonn.
noxrno, on cuac xax as nr or no]ccoa". orn antm +rnx
annonanncrnucxnx nnonoxnn x n mory. nxrt non
liuet,* no x onxn nnsnart, uro, no-momy, uama ncon n sct
cxnonxrcx n nontsy naun mtcn. noum, sycnonno, x n
nncrnnnt, xomy ononnoct nxnnart raxn "oxxyntrnt" cnyuan n
anannrnucxo cnryannn. nna u n 1926 r. onynnxonana noont
nanmnnx n nsyuana nx oycnonnnnocrt ornomnnxmn nncnnx mxy
nannnrom n anannrnxom.
yxn, uro nt n oconno onontnt mo ycranonxo na +ry nonmy:
yxn n o xonna n nc x x yxnnm roron. osmoxno, nt cxaxr c:
+ro onxrt ror cnyua, xora unonx, ncm cnom xnsnt ucrno noaoranmn n
xaucrn crcrnoncntrarnx, c nosacrom cranonnrcx cnaoymntm, naoxntm n
nrxonntm. snam ncxontxo nnnxnx nmn, nnnanxamnx x nx uncny, no
mnx n cnyr nnuncnxrt x nnm. aoxntm x, no xan m, n cran,
namct, uro n nrxonntm rox. ontxo cnn unonx ncm cnom xnsnt
crnancx nx roro, urot nsrart onsnnnoro cronxnonnnx c ]axramn, ro
n n craocrn ro cnnna ocranrcx cornyro, crnaxct no nontmn ]axramn.
am tno t, xonuno, nnxrn, cnn t x nnxnnancx ymnnoro rnsma
n noxasan cx nnnmnnmtm, orxnonxx nc oxxyntrno. o x n cnocon
onnartcx narocxnonnocrn, x nnaram nam orncrnct on yxnmno x
oxrnnno nosmoxnocrn naun mtcn, a nmcr c rm n rnnarnn.
satnar, uro x ocyxan +rn nonmt sct nnmt nocrontxy, nocxontxy
x nnm moxno nnnnsnrtcx co croont ncnxoanannsa. Kora on cxrn nr
romy nasa onn nnnt nomnn n non moro snnx, x rox ncntran crax
n yroso nammy nayunomy mnonossnnm, xoroo n cnyua
nornxnnx +nmnron oxxyntrnsma onxno tno t ycrynnrt mcro cnn-
- ---------------------------------------
* " xcno" - cnona, c xorotmn nnnmcxn cytx nosxnnancx or
cyxnnx. - nm. . nnoa.
nrnsmy n mncrnx. ronx x ymam no-yromy; x nonaram, uro o ontmom
onnn x nayx ornmt n cnnrntcrnyr nnn n ro, uro ona moxr
nocnnnxrt n naorart ro, uro oxaxrcx crnnrntntm n oxxyntrntx
yrnxnnxx. ro x xacarcx, n uacrnocrn, naun mtcn, ro ona-ro,
xaxrcx, xax as n naronnxrcrnyr acnocrannnm nayunoro - nornnnnxn
cxaxyr mxanncrnucxoro - oasa mtmnnnx na cront ryno nocrnxnmym
yxonnym onacrt. t rnnarnucxn noncc, onxno trt, n rom n
saxnmuarcx, uro xaxo-ro ncnxnucxn axr onoro nnna nosyxar
roxcrnnnt ncnxnucxn axr y yroro nnna. o, uro nxnr mxy oonmn
ncnxnucxnmn axramn, nrxo moxr trt ]nsnucxnm nonccom, n xorot c
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onoro xonna nxonr ncnxnucxo n xorot na yrom xonn onxrt
nnonrcx n raxo x ncnxnucxo. nanornx c yrnmn nxoamn, xax,
nannm, nn asrono n cnymannn no rn]ony, tna t rora ncomnnno.
ncrantr, cnn t moxno tno onnart +rnm ]nsnucxnm +xnnnannrom
ncnxnucxoro axra! Xouy cxasart, uro, nxnmunn ccosnarntno mxy
]nsnucxnm n rm, uro o cnx no nastnanoct "ncnxnucxnm", ncnxoananns
nororonnn nouny nx nnonoxnnx raxnx nonccon, xax rnnarnx.
nntxnn mt x ncrannnnm o rnnarnn, c nomomtm mt cmoxm cnart
mnoro, no xan m n nooaxnnn. t, xax nsncrno, nr cnnn o
rom, xax ocymcrnnxrcx omax nonx n ontmnx xononnxx nacxomtx. osmoxno,
+ro noncxonr nyrm noono nxmo ncnxnucxo naun. osnnxar
nnonoxnn, uro +ro nnonauantnt, axanucxn nyrt xommynnxannn mxy
orntntmn cymcrnamn, xorot n noncc ]nnornrnucxoro asnnrnx
ntrcnxrcx nyumnm ccrnom coomnnx nn nomomn snaxon, nocnnnnmamtx
oranamn uyncrn. o on
nn ccrno moxr coxannrtcx, ocranaxct na sanm nnan, ntcrynax na
nnt nnan nn onnnntx ycnonnxx, nannm n cracrno nosyxnntx
maccax. c +ro m nonnnno n nonno nmnntx saraox, no nyrartcx
+roro nr nnunn.
cnn rnnarnx cymcrnyr xax antnt noncc, ro, ncmorx na rynym
oxasymocrt, moxno nnonoxnrt, uro ona xnnxrcx onontno
acnocrannntm ]nomnom. amnm oxnannxm coornrcrnonano t, cnn t mt
onayxnnn nnoccrnnno n ymnno xnsnn nxa. yr-ro n ncnomnnmt
o uacro ncruammnxcx craxax r, uro onrnn snamr nc nx mtcnn, xorx
onn nx nm n n coomann, - nonnax ananornx n, trt moxr, ncrounnx nt
nsocntx no ncnnn ora. anno ona nnymammax onn ama, oorn
nnnrm, coomnna n cno aor "nanns nxa n mart" (1932) o
nanmnnxx, xorot, cnn onn nornxrcx, onxnt nonoxnrt xonn
ocrarxam comnnn n antnocrn naun mtcn. cnontsonan nxym
rnt cnryannm, xora mart n nox ononmnno noxoxr anannrnucxn
sanxrnx, ona accxasana o onom ns cranntx cnyuan, noncmmnx c n:
onaxt na anannrnucxom sanxrnn mart accxasana o sonoro nmnn,
nranm onnnnym ont n ono ns rcxnx cnn. asy nocn +roro,
xora ona nnynact omo, manntxn (oxono 10 nr) mantunx nnmn x
n n xomnary n nnnc sonorym nmnny, xoroym ona xannna nx nro.
na cnocnna ro ynnnnno, orxya on nsxn. n nonyunn n noaox xo
nm oxnnx, no nt oxnnx tn ncxontxo mcxnn romy nasa, n n tno
nnxaxnx nnunn roro, urot nmnno cuac nox ncnomnnn o +ro sonoro
nmnn. Mart accxasana o cnyunnmmcx xnmnn-anannrnxy n nonocnna
ysnart o nnunn ro crnnx. o ananns, non-
nnt c nxom, n an nnxaxoro asxcnnnx, n ror nt crnn
nonanoct n xnsnt nxa xax nnoono rno. cxontxo nnt cnycrx mart
cnna sa nnctmnntm cronom, sannctnax accxasanno nxnnann, o um
nonocnnn. yr noxnnncx mantunx n nonocnn sonorym nmnny oarno, urot
nsxrt c coo na anannrnucxym cy n noxasart ram. nanns onxrt n
an nnxaxoro oxcnnnx +romy xnannm.
or mt n nnynnct cnona x ncnxoanannsy, c xorooro nauann.
H KH
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asnnn ncnxnucxo nnunocrn
Vnaxamt amt n rocnoa! snam, uro n cnonx nsanmoornomnnxx c nnnamn
nnn nmamn nt camn onnxr, uro xnnxrcx ncxontm nynxrom. ax tno n
c ncnxoanannsom: nx asnnrnx, xoroo on nonyunn, nx orxnnxa, xorot on
namn, tno nsasnnuno, uro nauan on c aort na cnmnromom, camtm
uyxtm nx +nmnrom, xorot nmrcx n ym. nmnrom noncxonr or
ntrcnnnoro, xnnxxct ononmnno ro ncrannrnm n , no
ntrcnnno nx - +ro uyxax crana, nnyrnnxx sarannna, rax x xax
antnocrt - asmnr raxo notuno ntaxnn - sarannna nnmnxx. r
cnmnroma nyrt nxan x ccosnarntnomy, x xnsnn nnunn, x cxcyantnocrn,
n +ro tno nmx, xora nornn ncnxoanannsa ntnnrannct rnyoxomtcnnnt
nosaxnnx, uro unonx - cymcrno n rontxo cxcyantno, on snaxom n c
on naroontmn n on ntcoxnmn notnamn. Moxno tno t oannrt, uro,
noxnonnnnt cosnannm +rnx ntcoxnx notnon, on nxo nosnonxr c
ncyasnt mtcnn n nrnononann ]axron.
am nyum snart, uro c camoro nauana y nac cunranoct: unonx craar or
xon]nnxra mxy ronannxmn xnsnn nnunn n conornnnnnm, xoroo
nonnmarcx n nm nornn nnx, n mt nn na mnr n satnann o +ro
conornnnxmmcx, orxnonxmm, ntrcnxmm nncrannnn, xoroax, xax mt
nonarann, onaar cnonmn ocotmn cnnamn, crmnnnxmn , n xoroax
connaar c nonynxno ncnxonornn. ontxo nt nn ncx ryntx ycnxax
nayuno aort n ncnxoanannsy n no cnny tno ononmnno nsyuart nc
onacrn n ntcxastnart cyxnn casy no ncm nonmam. axonn, no
omno o roro, uro mt cmornn nanannrt cno nnnmann c ntrcnnnoro na
ntrcnxmm n ncrann n +rnm , xasanmnmcx raxnm camo coo
asymmmnmcx, n rno ynnnocrn n sct ncrrnrt nmn, x xorotm mt
mornn trt n nororonnnt; onaxo tno nnrxo narn nnt noxo. or
o +rom-ro x n xouy c namn cronx noconart!
nonaram, onaxo, uro +ro mo nsnoxnn ncnxonornn nocrnyr na nac
nnau, um nnnn n ncnxnucxym nncnonmm, xoroo my nmcrnonano.
oumy +ro rax, c rounocrtm cxasart n mory. Kax xasanoct mn cnauana, nt
noymar, uro an x cooman nam ]axrt, nycrt ax nnnntunt n
cnooasnt, rora xax rnt nt ycntmnr nnmymcrnnno mnnnx, r. .
ymosnrntnt accyxnnx. o +ro n rax; nonyum nc nsncnn, x onxn
cxasart, uro yntnt nc mtcnnrntno oaorxn ]axrnucxoro marnana n
nam ncnxonornn nnamnoro ontm, um n ncnxonornn nnoson. yrn
oocnonannx cnoro nnonoxnnx x rox ntnyxn tn orocnrt; rnt x
cunram, uro xaxnm-ro oasom +ro xorcx n xaaxr camoro marnana n n
nnnntunocrn namro oamnnx c nnm. c x x n ynnnmct, cnn n cnom
cyxnnn nt noxnnr m ontm cxannocrn n ocrooxnocrn, um o cnx
no.
nryannx, n xoroo mt naxonmcx n nauan namro nccnonannx, cama onxna
yxasart nam nyrt.
Mt xornm cnart nmrom +roro nccnonannx , nam nancocrnnnm .
o nosmoxno nn +ro? t xnnxrcx camtm nonnnntm cyxrom, xax x ono
moxr crart oxrom? nc-raxn, ncomnnno, +ro nosmoxno. moxr nsxrt
cx n xaucrno oxra, oamartcx c coo, xax c nounmn oxramn,
nanmart cx, xnrnxonart n or snar uro m c camnm coo nart. n
+rom ona uacrt nornnonocrannxr cx ocrantnomy . rax, acunnnmo,
ono acunnxrcx n nxorotx cnonx ]ynxnnxx, no xan m, na nmx.
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acrn moryr sarm cnona onnnrtcx. amo no c +ro n nono, nosmoxno,
nnnntunt nsrnx na omnsncrnt nmn. yro croont, nam snaxoma
rouxa snnx, uro naronornx cnonmn nynnnunnxmn n orynnnxmn moxr
oarnrt nam nnnmann na nomantnt ornomnnx, xorot s +roro
ycxontsnynn t or nac. am, r ona onayxnnar cnom n ctn, n nomantnom
cocroxnnn moxr nmrt mcro acunnnn. cnn mt ocnm xncrann na smnm,
on asotrcx, no n nonsnontno, a acnarcx no nanannnnxm cnonx
rmnn na xycxn, rann xorotx, xorx n nnnnmo, nc-raxn nonnnt
cryxryo xncranna. axnmn acrcxanmnmncx n acxononmnmncx cryxryamn
xnnxmrcx ymnnoontnt. mt n moxm nm orxasart n um-ro no
nournrntnoro craxa, xorot ncntrtnann nnn naot n
cymacmmnmn. nn ornnynnct or nnmn antnocrn, no nmnno no+romy onn
ontm snamr o nnyrnn, ncnxnucxo antnocrn n moryr nam xo-uro
ntart, uro tno t nam nnau nocrynno. ono rynn raxnx ontntx mt
rononm, uro onn craamr om nanmnnx (Beoachtungswahn).* nn
xanymrcx nam,
- ---------------------------------------
* conrcxo ncnxnarnucxo nnrary accmarnnarcx xax onn ns
nananron a ncnonannx. - nm.. . nn.
uro nocroxnno n nnnort o camtx nnrnmntx ornannnn naxoxrcx no
yyuammnm nanmnnm nnsncrntx cnn, noxrno, nc-raxn nnn, n n
rannmnnnannxx cntmar, xax +rn nnna oxnnxmr o syntrarax cnonx
nanmnn: "uac on xour cxasart +ro, nor on onarcx, urot ntrn, n
r. .". 3ro nanmnn - m n ro x camo, uro ncnonann, no nnsxo
x nmy, ono nnonarar, uro ontnomy n onxmr, xyr, xax t sacrart
ro sa sanrntmn crnnxmn, sa xorot ro onxnt naxasart. ro tno t,
cnn t +rn cymacmmn tnn nant, cnn t y nac y ncx tna raxax
nanmammax n yroxammax naxasannm nncrannnx n , xoroax y nnx nnmt
sxo ornna or n no omnx cmmna no nnmnmm antnocrt?
snam, nonsor nn c namn ro x, uro n co mno. o c rx no, xax no
cnntntm nnuarnnnm +ro xarnnt onsnn mnom onnana nx, uro
ornnn nanmamm nncrannnn or ocrantnoro moxr trt n cryxry
saxonomno uro, ona mnx n ocrannxr, n x ntnyxn tn sanxrtcx
nsyunnm n yrnx xaaxrntx oconnocr n ornomnn +ro ornnno
raxnm oasom nncrannnn. cxo tn cnan cnymmn mar. Vx coxann
a nanmnnx namxar na ro, uro nanmnn xnnxrcx nnmt nororonxo
x cyy n naxasannm, n, raxnm oasom, mt ysnam, uro y +ro nncrannnn crt
yrax ]ynxnnx, xoroym mt nastnam cno concrtm. x nn n nac narcx
uro-nno yro, uro mt t rax nocroxnno ornxnn or cnoro n rax nrxo
nornnonocrannxnn my, xax concrt. uyncrnym cxnonnocrt uro-ro cnart,
uro omar mn nacnaxnn, no orxastnamct or +roro na ocnonannn roro,
uro concrt mn +roro n nosnonxr. nn, noanmnct usmnomy xnannm
nacnaxnnx, x nam uro-ro, nornn uro nonnmarcx ronoc concrn, n
nocn nocrynxa mox concrt naxa-
stnar mnx ynxamn crta, sacrannxr acxannartcx sa nro. mor t
cxasart nocro, uro ocoax nncrannnx, xoroym x naunnam asnnuart n ,
xnnxrcx concrtm, no on ocrooxntm tno t cunrart +ry nncrannnm
camocroxrntno n nnonoxnrt, uro concrt xnnxrcx ono ns ]ynxnn,
a camonanmnn, noxonmo xax nnoctnxa cyno xrntnocrn
concrn, xnnxrcx yro ]ynxnn. rax xax, nnsnanax camocroxrntno
cymcrnonann xaxo-nno nmn, nyxno art nmx, x yy orntn nastnart
+ry nncrannnm n "nx-".
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rnt xy or nac nonnucxoro nonoca: n cnonrcx nn +ra nama
ncnxonornx noom x romy, urot yxnantno nonnmart omynornrntnt
acraxnnn, nnamax nx ns nonxrn n nmrt, mnororo n ntnrtnax +rnm?
rnuy: n ncnxonornn ryno yr nsxart omnsncrnoro, sct ut
yr nrn cxo o nontx rouxax snnx n cncrmarnsannxx, um o nontx
orxtrnxx. ax uro ocranarct noxa nn cnom ynnuroxammm xnrnucxom
mnnnn n nooxnr antnmnx accyxnn. uaxrt naronornn amr namnm
nccnonannxm ]on, xorot nt nanacno ncxann t n nonynxno ncnxonornn.
an. na mt nnmnnnnct c n raxoro nx-, xoroo nontsyrcx
nsncrno camocroxrntnocrtm, ncnyr cocrnnnt namnnx n n cnom
onaannn +nrn nsanncnmo or , xax n namn nnsxno ncrar
xarnna onsnn, n xoroo co nc xcnocrtm onayxnnarcx crorocrt, ax
xcroxocrt +ro nncrannnn n nsmnnnx ornomnnx . nmm n nny
cocroxnn mnanxonnn, nn, nncryna mnanxonnn, o xoroom n nt rox
ocrarouno mnoro cntmann, ax cnn nt n ncnxnart. n +rom nyr, o
nnunnax n mxannsmax xorooro mt cnnmxom mano snam, nanon xxo
uro xnnxrcx cnoco oamnnx nx- - no cx
nt moxr cxasart: concrn - c . ro nmx xax mnanxonnx n soonom
cocroxnnn moxr trt on nnn mn cror x c, xax nmo yro, n
nncryn mnanxonnn nx- cranonnrcx cnxcrornm, yrar, ynnxar,
ncrxsar no , sacrannxr ro oxnart camtx crornx naxasann,
ynxar ro sa anno coxnno, xoroo n cno nmx nocnnnnmanoct
nrxo, xax yro ono nc +ro nmx conano onnnnnx n rontxo ntxnano
cnoro rnmnro nnnnna cnn, urot ntcrynnrt c nnmn n ntncrn nnrono
na ocnonannn +rnx onnnnn. nx- nxnnxr camt crorn moantnt
ronannx x orannomy n ro acnoxxnn cnomomnomy , ono noom
ncrannxr coo ronannx moann, n mt casy nonnmam, uro nam
moantno uyncrno nnnt crt ntaxnn nanxxnnx mxy n nx-. 3ro
nctma nnmuarntnt syntrar nanmnnx: moant, annax nam xxot or
ora n nycrnnmax cront rnyoxn xonn, ntcrynar t xr, xonuno,
ontm, um nocro nnnmcrannn, ycntman or mnx, uro mt xo-uro snam o
oasonannn nx-, r. . o nosnnxnonnnn concrn. cnontnaxct na
nsncrnom ntcxastnannn Kanra, can-
nnnmro namy concrt co snsntm nom, naoxnt unonx mor t, noxany,
nouyncrnonart ncxymnn noucrt oa nx sa nxacnt cosannx rnona.
cnt rna, xonuno, nnnxonnnt, no uro xacarcx concrn, ro sct or
noaoran n cront mnoro n nxno, noromy uro noannxmm ontmnncrno
nm nonyunno nnmt n cxomntx asmax nnn n cront mano crnnn, uro
o +rom n cronr n rononrt. Mt nn n xo m n ornnam ry uacrt
ncnxonornucxo ncrnnt, xoroax coxnrcx n yrnxnnn, uro concrt -
oxcrnnnoro noncxoxnnx, no +ro nonoxnn ryr asxcnnnx. cnn
concrt rox xnnxrcx um-ro "n nac", ro +ro nt n nsnauantno. 3ro -
nonnax nornnononoxnocrt cxcyantno xnsnn, xoroax crnnrntno tna c
camoro nauana xnsnn, a n oannnact nnmt nnocncrnnn. o manntxn
nox, xax nsncrno, amoann, y nro nr nnyrnnnx romoson nornn
crmnnn x yonontcrnnm. ont, xoroym nosn r na cx nx-,
ncnonnxrcx cnauana nnmn cnno, onrntcxnm anronrrom. onrntcxo
nnnxnn na nxa ocnonano na noxnnnnxx snaxon nmnn n yrosax
naxasannxmn, xorot oxastnamr nxy yrary nmnn n camn no c onxnt
ntstnart crax. 3ror antnt crax xnnxrcx nmcrnnnnxom on
nosnro craxa concrn: noxa on nanr, nr nyxt rononrt o nx- n o
concrn. ontxo nnocncrnnn oasyrcx nronunax cnryannx, xoroym mt
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cnnmxom oxorno nnnnmam sa nomantnym, xora nnmn cxnnann yxonr
nonnyrt, xora na mcro onrntcxo nncrannnn noxnnxrcx nx-,
xoroo rouno rax x nanmar sa , yxononr nm n yroxar my, xax
antm +ro nann onrnn n ornomnnn nxa.
nx-, xoroo, raxnm oasom, r na cx nnacrt, aory n ax
mrot onrntcxo nncran-
nnn, xnnxrcx n rontxo nmnnxom, no n crnnrntno saxonntm nxmtm
nacnnnxom. no n ntxonr nxmo ns n, n mt cxoo ysnam, xaxnm nyrm.
o cnauana ocranonnmcx na accornaconannn mxy nnmn. Kaxrcx, uro nx-
onocroonn nnnmar nnmt rnocrt n crorocrt onrn, nx
sanmammym n naxastnammym ]ynxnnm, n ro nmx xax nx ncnonnnnax nmnn
saora n naxonr mcra n noonxnnx. cnn onrnn crnnrntno
nnxnnannct crororo nocnnrannx, ro xaxrcx nnonn nonxrntm, cnn n y
nxa asnnnarcx croro nx-, onaxo nornn oxnannx ontr
noxastnar, uro nx- moxr trt raxnm x nymonnmo crornm, ax cnn
nocnnrann tno mxrxnm n otm, cnn yros n naxasann no nosmoxnocrn
nsrann. osn mt nnmcx x +romy nornnounm, xora ym rononrt o
nnamnnxx nnunn nn oasonannn nx-.
nnamnnn onrntcxoro ornomnnx n nx- x n mory cxasart nam rax,
xax xornoct t, oruacrn noromy, uro +ror noncc rax sanyran, uro ro
nsnoxnn n ymcrnrcx n amxn nnnnx, xoroo x xouy nam art, a c
yro croont, noromy, uro mt camn n ynnt, uro nonnocrtm ro nonxnn.
o+romy onontcrnyrct cnymmnmn asxcnnnxmn. cnono +roro noncca
xnnxrcx rax nastnamax nnrn]nxannx (IdentiIizierung), r. . ynoonnn
uyxomy , ncncrnn uro nno n onnnntx ornomnnxx nr cx
xax yro, noaxar my, nnnnmar ro n nsncrno crnnn n cx.
nrn]nxannm n s ycnxa moxno cannnrt c oantntm, xannnanncrnucxnm
nornomnnm uyxo nnunocrn. nrn]nxannx - ount naxnax ]oma cnxsn c
yrnm nnnom, noxrno, camax nnonauantnax, no n ro x camo, uro nto
oxra. asnnun moxno ntasnrt nnmno rax: cnn mantunx nnrn]nnnyr
cx c ornom, ro on xour
trt, xax orn; cnn on nar ro oxrom cnoro ntoa, ro on xour
onaart, nnart nm; n nnom cnyua ro mnxrcx no oasy orna, no
nroom +ro n noxonmo. nrn]nxannx n nto oxra n mnoxom cmtcn
nsanncnmt yr or yra; no moxno nnrn]nnnonart cx nmnno c +rnm
nnnom, nsmnxrt n coornrcrnnn c nnm, ntan ro, nannm, n xaucrn
cxcyantnoro oxra. Ionoxr, uro nnnxnn cxcyantnoro oxra na
oconno uacro noncxonr y xnmnn n xaaxrno nx xncrnnnocrn.
nanon noyunrntnom ornomnnn mxy nnrn]nxann n ntoom oxra x
yx xax-ro rononn nam n ntymnx nxnnxx. ro nrxo nanmart xax y
r, rax n y nsocntx, xax y nomantntx, rax n y ontntx nm. cnn
oxr yraun nnn or nro ntnyxnt orxasartcx, ro ocrarouno uacro
norm nosmmamr rm, uro nnrn]nnnymr cx c nnm, noccranannnnax n
cnom , rax uro sct nto oxra xax t rccnyr x nnrn]nxannn.
3rnmn accyxnnxmn o nnrn]nxannn x cam n nnonn yonnrnon, no mn
yr ocrarouno, cnn nt cmoxr nnsnart, uro nnnn n crnn
nx- moxr trt onncano xax yaunt cnyua nnrn]nxannn c onrntcxo
nncrannn. mammnm ]axrom nx +ro rouxn snnx xnnxrcx ro, uro +ro
nonooasonann nnocxoxm nncrannnn n rcnmnm oasom cnxsano c
cyto 3nnona xomnnxca, rax uro nx- xnnxrcx nacnnm +ro cront
snaunmo nx rcrna +monnonantno cnxsn. Mt nonnmam, uro c ycrannnm
3nnona xomnnxca nox onxn orxasartcx or nnrncnnno nnnxsannocrn x
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oxram, xorotmn tnn ro onrnn, a nx xomnncannn +ro yrart
oxron n ro ount ycnnnnamrcx, noxrno, anno nmnmncx
nnrn]nxannn c onrnxmn. axn nnrn]nxannn, xax cncrnnx orxasa or
nnnx-
sannocrn x oxram, nosn ocrarouno uacro nonroxmrcx n xnsnn nxa,
no +monnonantno nnnocrn +roro nnoro cnyuax raxo samnt nnonn
coornrcrnyr ro, uro n syntrar +roro n cosarcx ocoo nonoxnn.
marntno nccnonann noxastnar nam raxx, uro nx- rxr n cnn n
sanmnnocrn asnnrnx, cnn noonnn 3nnona xomnnxca yarcx nnmt
oruacrn. noncc asnnrnx na nx- nnnxmr raxx r nnna, xorot
samcrnnn onrn, r. . nocnnrarnn, yunrnx, nantnt nnmt. tuno
ono nc ontm oranxrcx or nnonauantntx nnnnnyantnocr onrn,
cranonxct, rax cxasart, nc on snnunocrntm. o nntsx raxx satnart,
uro nox no-asnomy onnnnar cnonx onrn na asntx +ranax xnsnn. K
romy nmnn, xora 3nnon xomnnxc ycrynar mcro nx-, onn xnnxmr
coo nuro conmnno samuarntno, yraunnax ount mnoro nnocncrnnn.
rora rox noncxoxr nnrn]nxannn c +rnmn on nosnnmn onrnxmn,
onn ax otuno cnococrnymr ]omnonannm xaaxra, no +ro xacarcx
rontxo , na nx-, xoroo tno c]omnonano on annnm oasom
onrn, onn yx n nnnxmr.
amct, y nac yx cnoxnnoct nnuarnnn, uro nonxrn nx- onnctnar
crnnrntno cryxryno coornomnn, a n nocro nconn]nnnyr
acraxnnm nanoon concrn. Mt onxnt ynomxnyrt m ony naxnym ]ynxnnm,
xoroo mt nanxm +ro nx-. no xnnxrcx raxx nocnrnm .-nana, c
xorotm consmxr cx, x xoroomy ono crmnrcx, ut ronann
nocroxnnoro conmncrnonannx ono craarcx ntnonnnrt. comnnno, +ror
-nan xnnxrcx oraxnnm craoro ncrannnnx o onrnxx, ntaxnnm
nocxnmnnx nx conmncrnom, xoroo nox nm rora nnnnctnan.
3nam, uro nt mnoro cntmann o uyncrn nnonnonnnocrn, xoroo
xaaxrnsyr xax as nnorn-
xon(1). no noxnnxrcx, n uacrnocrn, n rax nastnamo xyoxcrnnno
nnrary. ncarnt, ynornnmn cnonocourann "xomnnxc
nnonnonnnocrn", cunrar, uro +rnm on yonnrnoxr ncm ronannxm
ncnxoanannsa n nonnmar cno rnonn na on ntcoxn ncnxonornucxn
yonnt. crnnrntnocrn ncxyccrnnno cnonocourann "xomnnxc
nnonnonnnocrn" n ncnxoananns nourn n ynornxrcx. n n xnnxrcx nx
nac um-ro nocrtm, rm on +nmnrantm. nonrt ro x camonocnnxrnm
nosmoxnoro noasnnrnx oranon, xax +ro nmxr nart ncrannrnn mxont
rax nastnamo nnnnnyantno ncnxonornn, xaxrcx nam nantnonnntm
sanyxnnm. yncrno nnonnonnnocrn nmr rnyoxo +ornucxn xonn.
nox uyncrnyr cx nnonnonnntm, cnn samuar, uro on nnmnm, n
rouno rax x nsocnt. nncrnnnt oran, xorot moxr accmarnnartcx
xax nnonnonnnt, +ro ynmnrant nnnc, xnnro nouxn. o no ontm
uacrn uyncrno nnonnonnnocrn noncxonr ns ornomnnx x cnomy nx-,
xnnxxct, rax x xax uyncrno nnnt, ntaxnnm nanxxnnx mxy nnmn.
yncrno nnonnonnnocrn n uyncrno nnnt noom ryno ornnrt yr or
yra. osmoxno, tno t nannntno nnrt n nnom +ornucxo ononnnn
x uyncrny moantno nnonnonnnocrn. 3romy nonocy asrannunnx nonxrn
mt n ncnxoananns ynxnn mano nnnmannx.
mnno noromy uro xomnnxc nnonnonnnocrn cran rax nonynxn, x nosnonm
c cnart sct nontmo orcrynnnn. V onoro ncronucxoro xrnx
namro nmnn, xorot sancrnyr n nontn, no oromn or n, ncncrnn
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oono ranmt nmno
- ---------------------------------------
(1) mmrcx n nny nsrnxt na, cunranmro xomnnxc nnonnonnnocrn
rnanno nnxym cnno asnnrnx nnunocrn.
mcro nxoroo noasnnrn onoro unna. unt nsncrnt nncarnt namnx
n, oxorn ncro nnmymn nora]nn samuarntntx nm, sanxncx xnsntm
+roro ynomxnyroro mno unonxa. o nt ryno noannrt n c
nornocrt yrnynnnx n ncnxonornm, xora nnmmt nora]nm. o+romy nam
anro ornaxnncx na nontrxy nocronrt nc asnnrn xaaxra cnoro rox
na uyncrn nnonnonnnocrn, ntsnannom +rnm ]nsnucxnm ]xrom. o nn
+rom on ynycrnn onn manntxn, no nmanonaxnt ]axr. tuno marn,
xorotm cyta ana ontnoro nnn nnonnonnnoro nxa, ntramrcx
nocnonnnrt +ry ncnannnnocrt usmno nmontm. namm cnyua roax
mart nonna cx no-yromy, ona orxasana nxy n nmnn ns-sa ro
nocrarxa. Kora on cran morymcrnnntm unonxom, ro ncmn cnonmn
crnnxmn oxasan, uro rax nnxora n n nocrnn cnom mart. cnn nt
ncrannr c snaunn marnncxo nmnn nx rcxo ymnno xnsnn,
nt, nnnmo, mtcnnno nncr nonanxn n ronm nnonnonnnocrn nora]a.
o nnmcx x nx-. Mt nannnn ro camonanmnnm, concrtm n
]ynxnn nana. s namnx accyxnn o ro nosnnxnonnnn nonyuarcx, uro
ono oycnonnno usntuano naxntm nonornucxnm, a raxx onnxmmnm
cyty ncnxonornucxnm ]axrom, a nmnno nnrntno sanncnmocrtm nxa or
cnonx onrn n 3nnontm xomnnxcom, xorot onxrt-raxn nnyrnn
cnxsant mxy coo. nx- xnnxrcx nx nac ncrannrnm ncx
moantntx orannunn, noonnxom crmnnnx x conmncrnonannm, xoou,
rm, uro nam crano ncnxonornucxn ocrynno ns rax nastnamoro on
nosntmnnoro n unonucxo xnsnn. ocxontxy ono camo nocxonr x nnnxnnm
onrn, nocnnrarn n nm noontx, mt ysnam m ontm o ro
snaunnn, cnn oarnmcx x
+rnm ro ncrounnxam. Kax nannno, onrnn n ananornunt nm anronrrt n
nocnnrannn nxa cnymr nnncannxm cocrnnnoro nx-. Kax t nn
acxonnoct nx co nx-, n nocnnrannn nxa onn crorn n
nstcxarntnt. nn satnn rynocrn cnoro cocrnnnoro rcrna, onontnt,
uro moryr naxonn nonnocrtm nnrn]nnnonart cx co cnonmn onrnxmn,
xorot n cno nmx nanarann na nnx rxxnt orannunnx. axnm oasom,
nx- nxa cronrcx cocrnnno n no nnmy onrn, a no
onrntcxomy nx-; ono nanonnxrcx rm x coxannm, cranonnrcx
nocnrnm rannnn, ncx rx coxannnmnxcx no nmnn nnnocr, xorot
noonxamr cymcrnonart na +rom nyrn us noxonnnx. t nrxo yraar,
xaxym naxnym nomomt nx nonnmannx connantnoro nonnnx unonxa,
nannm, nx nonnmannx cnnsonocrn, nnn ax naxrnucxn conrt no
nocnnrannm moxno nsnnut ns ncrannnnx o nx-. nnmo, rax
nastnamt marnanncrnucxn nossnnx na ncronm rmar noonnxo
+roro ]axroa. nn orntnamrcx or nro samuannm, uro "nonornn" nm
cyrt n uro nno, xax syntrar n nacroxa crnymmnx +xonomnucxnx
ornomnn. 3ro nana, no ount noxrno - n ncx nana. nonucrno
nnxora n xnnr nonnocrtm n nacroxmm, n nonornxx nx- noonxar
xnrt nomno, rannnx act n naoa, xorot nnmt mnnno noamrcx
nnnxnnxm conmnnocrn, nontm nsmnnnxm, n, noxa ono crnyr us
nx-, ono nrar snaunrntnym, nsanncnmym or +xonomnucxnx ornomnn
ont n unonucxo xnsnn.
1921 r. nn nsyunnn ncnxonornn macc x nontrancx ncnontsonart
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n]]nnnannm n nx-. nnmn x ]omyn: "cnxonornucxax macca
xnnxrcx onnnnm orntntx nnunocr, xorot nnnn n cno nx-
ono n ro x nnno n na ocnon +ro om-
nocrn nnrn]nnnonannct yr c yrom n cnom ". na ornocnrcx, xonuno,
rontxo x rm maccam, xorot nmmr onoro noxx(1). cnn t y nac tno
ontm nnmon raxoro oa, ro nnonoxnn nx- ncrano t trt
conmnno uyxtm nx nac n mt concm ocnoonnnct t or ro oocrn,
xoroax nc m oxnartnar nac, nnntxmnx x armoc] nncnon, nn
nonnxnnn na on nonxnocrnt, on ntcoxn cnon ncnxnucxoro
annaara. asymrcx, mt n ymam, uro, ntnxx nx-, mt rononm
nocnn cnono n ncnxonornn . 3ro cxo nauano, c ro nnmt asnnn,
uro ryr n rontxo nauano ryno.
y a rnt nac xr yrax saaua, rax cxasart, c yro croont . na
nosnnxna naroax nanmnnm no nmx anannrnucxo aort, nanmnnm,
cocrnnno ronox, ount craomy. Kax yx n as tnano, nm anno
nontsonannct, nx um mnnnct nnsnart. Kax nt snar, ncx
ncnxoanannrnucxax ronx, cocrnnno, nocrona na nnsnannn
conornnnnnx, xoroo oxastnar nam nannnr nn nontrx cnart
cosnarntntm ro ccosnarntno. xrnnntm nnsnaxom conornnnnnx
xnnxrcx ro, uro ro acconnarnnnt mtcnn ocramrcx noxcnnmtmn nnn anxo
yxnonxmrcx or ocyxamo rmt. yxrnnno on moxr n nnsnanart
conornnnnn, noromy uro ncntrtnar omymnn crta, nnnnxaxct x rm.
o +ror nocnnn nnsnax moxr n orcyrcrnonart. ora mt rononm
nannnry, uro ns ro ornomnnx mt saxnmuam, uro on naxonrcx cuac n
cocroxnnn co-
- ---------------------------------------
(1) ontrxa ua acnocrannrt ro ncrannnnx o cryxry nnunocrn
na ncnxonornm macc nnnna ro x noxno nnrnrannn omcrnnntx
xnnnn, oycnonnnnocrt xorotx xnaccono-ncronucxnmn ycnonnxmn xax
nnnuntmn no ornomnnm x noxnnnnxm omcrnnno ncnxonornn nm
ornnanact.
nornnnnnx, a on ornuar, uro nnuro o +rom n snar n samuar rontxo
sarynnnx ----------------------------------------
(1) 3ro nonoxnn rononr o nonom noxo ua x nonm nocosnanamo
ncnxnxn. onacrt, cornacno nsnaramomy nsrnxy, oxnartnana, naxy co
c]o ccosnarntntx nnunn, raxx (n nsncrntx macmraax) n yrn
xomnonnrt nnunocrn, n rom uncn xo - .
Vnaxamt amt n rocnoa! nnmo, nao cnart ntmxy, nornn uro n nt
rox n yr nosaxart, no, nx um x noonxy, ntcnymar mon
nsnnnnnx. Xouy cnart ononnnnx x nnnnm n ncnxoananns, xoroo x
nauan nxrnanart nr romy nasa, n ntnyxn ncrn cx rax, yro n nt n
+ror nomxyrox nmnn n sannmannct nnum nntm, xom ncnxoanannsa.
snam, uro +ro nnoxrno nnonoxnn, no x cnomomn, x n mory
nocrynnrt nnau. cnxsano +ro c rm, uro noom ount ryno nosnaxomnrt
c ncnxoanannsom roro, xro cam n xnnxrcx ncnxoanannrnxom. ontr, mt n
xornm nonsncrn nnuarnnn, yro mt unnt ranoro omcrna n sannmamcx
xaxo-ro rano nayxo. nc x mt onxnt nnsnart n oxnnrt cnonm
yxnnm, uro nnxro n nmr nana nmmnnartcx n asrono o
ncnxoananns, n onnan onnnntm ontrom, xorot moxno nonyunrt
rontxo nn ananns cno cocrnnno nnunocrn. Kora x unran nam nxnnn
nxrnanart nr romy nasa, x ntrancx n omnxrt nac nxorotmn
ymosnrntntmn momnramn nam ronn, no nmnno c nnmn cnxsant nont
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annt, o xorotx x xouy cxasart cronx.
osnamamct x rm. no comnnn, moryr nn nnn ax nx- trt
ccosnarntntmn nnn onn rontxo cnocont ocymcrnnxrt ccosnarntnt
crnnx, mt c nonntm ocnonannm mam n nontsy nno nosmoxnocrn. a,
snaunrntnt uacrn n nx- moryr ocranartcx ccosnarntntmn, otuno
xnnxmrcx ccosnarntntmn. 3ro snaunr, uro nnunocrt nnuro n snar o nx
coxannn n ryrcx ycnnn, urot cnart nx nx cx cosnarntntmn.
tnar, uro n co-
snarntno, ntrcnnno n ccosnarntno n connaamr. Mt ncntrtnam
nornocrt ocnonarntno ncmorrt cno noxo x nonm cosnarntno
- ccosnarntno. nauana mt tnn cxnonnt snaunrntno cnnsnrt snaunmocrt
xnrnx cosnarntnocrn, nocxontxy on oxasancx cront nnaxntm. o mt
nocrynnnn t ncnannnno. 3ct no ocronr rax x, xax c nam xnsntm:
ona n mnororo cronr, no +ro nc, uro y nac crt. s cnra +roro xaucrna
cosnannx mt t sarxnnct n normxax rnynnno ncnxonornn; no mt nmm
nano nontrartcx connrnonart cx no-nonomy.
o, uro onxno nastnartcx cosnarntntm, n nyxarcx n ocyxnnn, sct
nr nnxaxnx comnnn. amo crao n camo nyum snaunn cnona
"ccosnarntnt" - onncarntno: ccosnarntntm mt nastnam ncnxnucxn
noncc, cymcrnonann xorooro mt onxnt nnonoxnrt, nocxontxy mt
ntnonm ro ns ro noscrnn, nnuro n snax o nm. an, mt nmm x
nmy raxo x ornomnn, xax n x ncnxnucxomy nonccy yroro unonxa,
rontxo on-ro xnnxrcx namnm cocrnnntm. cnn ntasnrtcx m xonxrn,
ro cnyr nsmnnrt nnoxnn cnymmnm oasom: mt nastnam noncc
ccosnarntntm, xora mt nnonaram, uro on axrnnnsnonancx cuac,
xorx cuac mt nnuro o nm n snam. 3ro orannunn sacrannxr
saymartcx o rom, uro ontmnncrno cosnarntntx nonccon cosnarntnt
rontxo xoorxo nmx; ount cxoo onn cranonxrcx narnrntmn, no nrxo
moryr nnont crart cosnarntntmn. Mt mornn t raxx cxasart, uro onn crann
ccosnarntntmn, cnn t noom tnn ynnt, uro n cocroxnnn narnrnocrn
onn xnnxmrcx m um-ro ncnxnucxnm. axnm oasom mt n ysnann t nnuro
nonoro n ax n nonyunnn t nana nncrn nonxrn ccosnarntnoro n
ncnxonornm. o nor noxnnxrcx nont ontr, xorot mt yx moxm
nomoncrnonart na |350|
ntx crnn. annm, nx oxcnnnx xaxo-ro oronoxn mt ntnyxnt
nnonoxnrt, uro y onycrnnmro oasonanoct onnnno uno
namnn. o noncmm omnx n un mt co nc onnnnocrtm
oratnamcx o nm, no ono n ocymcrnnnoct, r. . ono tno
ccosnarntntm. cnn mt no nomcrnnn xaxoro-ro nmnn nnnonm ro
rononnmmy n ror cmoxr nnsnart ro snaxomtm, ro, snaunr, ono tno
ccosnarntntm nnmt xaxo-ro nmx, cnn x on yr ornnart ro xax
uyxo my, ro, snaunr, ono nnrntno nmx tno ccosnarntntm.
osnamaxct x cxasannomy, ns +roro ontra mt nonyuam nano oxnnrt
ccosnarntntm n ro, uro nastnarcx narnrntm. Vunrtnax +rn nnamnucxn
ornomnnx, mt moxm rnt ntnnrt na nna ccosnarntnoro: ono,
xoroo nn uacro nonroxmmnxcx ycnonnxx nrxo nnamarcx n
cosnarntno, n yro, nn xoroom +ro nnamnn noncxonr c ryom n
nnmt co snaunrntntmn ycnnnxmn, a moxr n nnxora n nonsorn. rot
nsxart nycmtcnnnocrn, nmm nn mt n nny ono nnn yro
ccosnarntno, ynornxm nn cnono n onncarntnom nnn n nnamnucxom
cmtcn, orononmcx nnmnxrt osnonnnt, nocro nannnarnn. o
ccosnarntno, xoroo xnnxrcx rontxo narnrntm n nrxo cranonnrcx
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cosnarntntm, mt nasonm ncosnarntntm, yromy x ocrannm nasnann
"ccosnarntnt". rax, y nac rn rmnna: cosnarntnt, ncosnarntnt
n ccosnarntnt, xorotx ocrarouno nx onncannx ncnxnucxnx ]nomnon.
m as: uncro onncarntno n ncosnarntno ccosnarntno, no mt rax
ro n nastnam, asn uro n cnoonom nsnoxnnn, cnn nam nyxno samnrnrt
cymcrnonann ccosnarntntx nonccon noom n ymnno xnsnn.
amct, nt nnsnar, uro +ro noxa n rax yx cnoxno n nnonn nnrono nx
ynornnnx. a, no,
x coxannnm, ncnxoanannrnucxax aora nacrounno ryr ynornnnx
cnona "ccosnarntnt" m n n yrom, rrtm cmtcn, n +ro, nosmoxno, n
nnocnr nyrannny. o nontm n cnntntm nnnxnnm roro, uro omnnax n naxnax
onacrt ymnno xnsnn otuno cxtra or snannx , rax uro norxammn n
n noncct cnyr nnsnart ccosnarntntmn n nannntnom nnamnucxom
cmtcn, mt nonnmam rmnn "ccosnarntnt" raxx n n ronnucxom nnn
cncrmarnucxom cmtcn, ronox o cncrm ncosnarntnoro n
ccosnarntnoro, o xon]nnxr c cncrmo ccosnarntnoro (uw), nc
ontm nnanax cnony cxo cmtcn onacrn ymn, um xaucrna ncnxnxn.
nno nyono orxtrn, cornacno xoroomy ax uacrn n nx- n
nnamnucxom ornomnnn ccosnarntnt, mt nocnnnnmam sct xax
onrunn, no ono nosnonxr nam ycrannrt ocnoxnnn: Mt nnnm, uro n
nmm nana nastnart uyxym onacrt ymn cncrmo uw, rax xax
nocosnannocrt n xnnxrcx ncxnmunrntno xaaxrncrnxo. Xoomo, n
ym ontm ynornxrt cnono "ccosnarntnt" n cncrmarnucxom cmtcn,
an nxnmy oosnaunnm nyum, n onycxamm nnannntnoro ronxonannx
nasnann. cn sa nnm n no nnmy I. Ioxa (1923) mt ym nastnart
ro n antnmm no (s). 3ro snnuno mcronmnn xaxrcx oconno
noxoxmnm nx ntaxnnx ocnonnoro xaaxra +ro onacrn ymn,
uyxocrn . nx-, n no - nor rn nacrna, c]t, onacrn, na xorot
mt asnoxnm ncnxnucxn annaar nnunocrn, nsanmocrnnxmn xorotx mt
sammcx n antnmm.
o nx rontxo ona xoorxax ncranxa. oratnamct, uro nt nonontnt
rm, uro rn xaucrna cosnarntnoro n rn c]t ncnxnucxoro annaara n
couramrcx n rn mnno cornacymmncx nat, nnx n +rom nuro omauamm
namn syntrart. naxo, no-
momy, coxanrt o +rom n cronr, n mt onxnt cxasart c, uro n nmm
nana oxnart raxoro nnrnaxnnoro ynoxounnannx. osnontr nnncrn
cannnn, nana, cannnnx nnuro n mamr, no onn moryr cnococrnonart
narnxnocrn. crantr c crany c asnooasntm nt]om - xonmamn,
annnno n nnxmn os, co cmmanntm nacnnnm - n n xnnyr nmnt,
matxt n cnonaxn, xorot sannmamrcx asnnuno xrntnocrtm. nor
acnnnn morno t trt raxnm: na xonmax xnnyr nmnt, onn cxoronot,
na annnn - matxt, xorot ntamnnamr xn n nnnora, na osax -
cnonaxn, onn nonxr ty n nnryr rocrnnx. cnn t +ro acnnnn tno
syxonsnnntm n urxnm, ro nntcon mor t my noaonartcx, +ro tno t
raxx yono nx coomnnx na yox rora]nn. naxo ounnno, uro,
nyrmcrnyx no +ro cran, nt nar sct mntm noxxa n ontm
ncrort. mnt, matxt n cnonaxn ncmy xnnyr nnmxxy, na xonmax rox
crt namnn, na annnn raxx xar cxor. Ko-uro, crcrnnno, connar c
namnmn oxnannxmn, r. . n roax n sannmamrcx tononcrnom, a nnnora n
acrr n no. a, xarnna mcrnocrn, xoroym nt ncrannnn c, n omm
n nnom yr coornrcrnonart crnnrntnocrn, n uacrnocrxx x nt
onycrnr orxnonnnx (1).
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xnr, uro o no, xom nonoro nasnannx, x coomy nam mnoro nonoro.
3ro rmnax, nocrynnax uacrt nam nnunocrn; ro nmnoro, uro nam o n
nsncrno, mt ysnann, nsyuax aory cnonnnnx n oasonann nnornucxnx
cnmnromon, n ontmnncrno +rnx cnnn nocxr nrarnnnt xaaxr, onycxax
onncann rontxo n xaucrn nornnononoxnocrn . Mt
- ---------------------------------------
(1) nnnno cannnn nocnr cyryo nnmnn no ornomnnm x
accmarnnamo nonm xaaxr n noromy nnuro n asxcnxr n
cryxry nnunocrn.
nnnnxamcx x |354|
V mnx nc nmx cosarcx nnuarnnn, uro ns +roro n nonxamro
comnnnm ]axra nnsmnnocrn ntrcnnnoro no nmnn mt mano uro ann nx
nam ronn. nt sct, xaxrcx, orxtnarcx noxo x camomy rnyoxomy
nonnmannm. K coxannnm, n x n nonnnyncx sct antm.
amo coo asymrcx, no n snaxomt nnxaxn onnxn, nnxaxo oo n sno,
nnxaxax moant. 3xonomnucxn nnn, cnn xornr, xonnucrnnnt momnr,
rcno cnxsannt c nnnnnnom yonontcrnnx, ynannxr ncmn nonccamn. c
+rn nncrnnxrt, rymmn ntxoa, nonaram mt, naxoxrcx n no. Kaxrcx
ax, uro +nrnx +rnx nncrnnxrnnntx nmnyntcon naxonrcx n yrom
cocroxnnn, um n nntx ymnntx onacrxx, ona on nonnxna n cnocona x
asxx, noromy uro nnau n mornn t noncxonrt r cmmnnx n crymnnx,
xorot xaaxrnt nx no n conmnno n sanncxr or xaucrna saxxnnoro
(Besetzte) - n mt nasnann t +ro ncrannnnm. ro t mt rontxo nn
ann, urot noontm snart o +rnx nmax! Mxy nounm, nt nnnr, uro mt
n cocroxnnn nasnart m n yrn cnocrna no, xom roro, uro ono
ccosnarntno, a raxx nnsnar nosmoxnocrt roro, uro uacrn n nx-
xnnxmrcx ccosnarntntmn, n nmx raxnx x nnmnrnnntx n nannonantntx
ur. K xaaxrncrnx cocrnnno , nacxontxo ono onycxar ooconnn
or no, n nx- mt, cxo ncro, nnnnsnmcx, cnn nnmm no nnnmann
ro ornomnn x camo nnmn nonxnocrno uacrn ncnxnucxoro annaara,
xoroym mt oosnaunm xax cncrmy -Bw. 3ra cncrma oamna x nnmnmy
mny, ona onocyr ro nocnnxrnx, no nmx ]ynxnnonnonannx n n
nosnnxar ]nomn cosnannx. 3ro oran uyncrn ncro annaara,
nocnnnmunnt, mxy nounm, x nosyxnnxm, nymnm n rontxo nsnn, no n
ns n ymnno xnsnn. x nn nyxarcx n noxcnnnn rou-
xa snnx, cornacno xoroo xnnxrcx ro uacrtm no, xoroax
mon]nnnonanact naroax nnsocrn n nnnxnnm nnmnro mna, nncnoconna
x nocnnxrnm asaxnn n samnr or nnx, moxr trt cannnma c xoxontm
cnom, xorotm oxyxn xomoux xnno cycrannnn. rnomnn x nnmnmy mny
nx crano mammnm, ono nsxno na cx saauy ncrannxrt ro n no
nx nara no, xoroo n cnnom crmnnnn x yonnrnonnm nnunn, n
cunraxct c +ro cnxcnntno nnmn nnacrtm, n cmorno t nsxart
ynnuroxnnx. tnonnxx +ry ]ynxnnm, onxno nanmart sa nnmnnm mnom,
orxnatnart n cnax cnonx nocnnxrn nannntnt ro oas, nyrm nonxn
antnocrtm yanxrt ns +ro xarnnt nnmnro mna nc oannnnx, nymn
or nnyrnnnx ncrounnxon nosyxnnx. o noyunnm no nnar noxoamn
x moronx, no mxy nornocrtm n crnnm ono nar orcouxy nx
mtcnnrntno aort, no nmx xoroo ncnontsyr ocrarxn nocnomnnann ns
ontra. axnm oasom, nnnnnn yonontcrnnx, xorot norannunno nannr
xoom nonccon n no, oxastnarcx nnsnrnyrtm c rona n samnxrcx
nnnnnnom antnocrn, xorot omar ontm naxnocrn n ycnxa.
unt cnoxno nx onncannx ornomnn xo nmnn raxx coomarcx
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cncrmo nocnnxrnx; na nn moxno comnnartcx n rom, uro cnoco aort
+ro cncrmt ar nauano ncrannnnm o nmnn. m oconno ornnuarcx
or no, rax +ro crmnnnm x cnnrsy cnonx coxann, x oomnnm n
ynn]nxannn cnonx ncnxnucxnx nonccon, xoroo conmnno orcyrcrnyr y
no. Kora mt n yymm nonm asrono o nnunnxx n ymnno xnsnn,
nam, noxrno, yacrcx narn ncrounnx +ro cymcrnnno xaaxrno urt
. na nncrnnnax ar ry ntcoxym crnnt orannsannn, xoroo oxsano
nyumnmn cnonmn ocrnxnnxmn. asnnrn nr or nocnnxrnx nnu-
nn x onnannm nmn, no nocnn ocrnrarcx rontxo rm, uro ncnxnucxo
ntaxnn nnunn nxnmuarcx n on mnoxym cncrmy, nxonr n xaxym-ro
nsanmocnxst. ontsyxct nonynxntmn ntaxnnxmn, moxno cxasart, uro n
ymnno xnsnn ncrannxr sant cmtcn n naroasymn, a no -
nyxornmt cracrn(1).
o cnx no nam nmnonnonano nuncnnn nnmymcrn n cnoconocr ,
rnt nacrano nmx ncnomnnrt n o ooorno croon. xnnxrcx nnmt
uacrtm no, uacrtm, nncooasno nsmnnno nnsocrtm x rosxmmy
onacnocrxmn nnmnmy mny. nnamnucxom ornomnnn ono cnao, cnom
+nrnm ono sanmcrnonano y no, n mt nmm nxoroo ncrannnn
ornocnrntno mroon, moxno ax cxasart, nasx, naroax xorotm ono
noonxar ornnmart +nrnm y no. axnm nyrm ocymcrnnxrcx, nannm,
raxx nnrn]nxannx c coxannnmnmncx nnn ocrannnntmn oxramn.
nnxsannocrt x oxram ncxonr ns nncrnnxrnnntx nnrxsann xo.
cnauana nx rncrnyr. o, nnrn]nnnyxct c oxrom, ono nnarar
cx no nmcro oxra, xnax nanannrt nnno no na cx. Mt yx snam,
uro n noncc xnsnn nnnnmar n cx ontmo uncno ocrarxon tnm
nnnxsannocrn x oxram. omm, onxno nononrt n xnsnt namnnx
no, ono ntnonnxr cnom saauy, nstcxnnax ocroxrntcrna, nn xorotx +rn
namnnx moryr trt ocymcrnnnt nannyumnm oasom. rnomnn x no
moxno cannnrt c ornomnnm nasnnxa x cno noman. omat ar +nrnm
nx nnxnnx, nasnnx onaar nnmymcrnom onnxrt nnt n
nanannnn nnxnnx cnntnoro xnnornoro. o mxy n no cnnmxom uacro
nmr mcro anxo n nantno nsanmoornomnn,
- ---------------------------------------
(1) annom cnyua nsrnx ua na nosnanarntnt ]ynxnnn nnsox x
marnanncrnucxomy.
xora nasnnx ntnyxn nanannxrt cxaxyna rya, xya romy nsymarcx.
r ono uacrn no ornnnoct naroax conornnnnnxm ntrcnnnx. o
ntrcnnn n noonxarcx n no. trcnnno cnnnarcx c ocrantntm no.
oronoxa nocrrar or cnyxnnx nym rocnoam. nomy m rxxn,
ono cnyxnr rm crornm nnacrnnnam, craaxct nnncrn nx nnrxsannx n
ronannx n cornacn mxy coo. 3rn nnrxsannx nc nmx acxoxrcx,
uacro xaxyrcx nconmcrnmtmn: nynnnrntno, uro uacro n cnannxrcx co
cno saau. mx rnanamn xnnxmrcx: nnmnn mn, nx- n no. cnn
nonanmart sa ycnnnxmn , nanannnntmn na ro, urot cnyxnrt nm
ononmnno, a roun, nounnxrtcx nm ononmnno, nx nn mt cranm
coxanrt o rom, uro ncrannnn +ro n nconn]nnnonannom nn xax nxo
cymcrno. no uyncrnyr cx crcnnntm c rx croon, my rosxr rn
onacnocrn, na xorot ono, yyun n crcnnnom nonoxnnn, arnyr
noxnnnnm craxa. naroax cnomy noncxoxnnm ns ontra cncrmt
nocnnxrnx, ono nnsnano ncrannxrt ronannx nnmnro mna, no ono
xour trt n nntm cnyro xo, ntnart c nnm n cornacnn, nnarax my
cx n xaucrn oxra, nnnnxart ro nnno na cx. cnom crmnnnn
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nocnnuart mxy xo n antnocrtm ono uacro ntnyxno onart
ccosnarntnt (uw) ronannx xo n cnon ncosnarntnt (vw)
annonannsannn, sarymntnart xon]nnxrt xo c antnocrtm, c
nnnomarnucxo nncxnnocrtm astrtnart ornxxy na antnocrt, ax
cnn xo ynocrnyr n n carcx. yro croont, sa nnm na xaxom mary
nanmar croro nx-, xoroo nnnctnar my onnnnt nomt
nonnnx, nnsnax na rynocrn co croont xo n nnmnro mna, n
naxastnar ro n cnyua nnocnymannx nanxxnntm uyncrnom nnonnonnnocrn n
cosnannx nnnt. ax , nnxnmo xo, crcnnno nx-, orranxnnamo
antnocrtm, nnnarar nc ycnnnx nx ntnonnnnx cno +xonomnucxo
saaun ycranonnnnx ramonnn mxy cnnamn n nnnxnnxmn, xorot crnymr n
nm n na nro, n mt nonnmam, noumy rax uacro n moxm noannrt
nocxnnnannx: xnsnt nnrxa! cnn ntnyxno nnsnart cnom cnaocrt, n nm
nosnnxar crax, antnt crax n nnmnnm mnom, crax concrn n
nx-, nnornucxn crax n cnno cracr n no.
ryxrynt coornomnnx ncnxnucxo nnunocrn, nsnoxnnt mnom, x xorn t
ncrannrt n nnnrxsarntnom ncynx, xorot x sct nnnaram.
3ct nt nnnr, uro nx- noryxarcx n no, xax nacnnnx 3nnona
xomnnxca ono nmr c nnm nnrnmnt cnxsn; ono antm or cncrmt
nocnnxrnx, um . no coomarcx c nnmnnm mnom rontxo us , no
xan m na +ro cxm. ronx, xonuno, ryno cxasart, nacxontxo
ncynox nannnn: no xan m, n onom ornomnnn +ro onnnno n
rax. ocrancrno, xoroo sannmar ccosnarntno no, onxno trt
ncannnno ontm, um nocrancrno nnn n-cosnarntnoro. omy nac,
cnar mtcnnno nonanxy.
rnt n saxnmunn +rnx sycnonno yromnrntntx n, nosmoxno, n concm
xcntx accyxnn m ono nocrxnn! asnxx nnunocrt na ,
nx- n no, nt, asymrcx, n nmr n nny crorn rannnt nanoon
rx, xorot ncxyccrnnno nonnt n nonnrnucxo rora]nn. nooasn
ncnxnucxoro mt nsoasnm n nnnntmn xonryamn, xax na ncynx nnn n
nnmnrnnno xnnonncn, a cxo acnntnuartmn nnrontmn nxrnamn, xax y
conmnntx xyoxnnxon. ocn roro xax mt nonsnnn asrannunn, mt
onxnt ntnnno onxrt cnnrt nmcr. cynr cnnmxom croro o nno
nontrx cnart narnxntm ncnxnucxo, c raxnm ryom noammcx
nonnmannm. ctma noxrno, uro oasonann +rnx orntntx onacr y
asnnuntx nnn nctma nanantno, nosmoxno, uro nn ]ynxnnonnonannn onn
camn nsmnxmrcx n nmnno rccnymr. 3ro, n uacrnocrn, xacarcx
]nnornrnucxn nocnnro n camoro nnrnmnoro - n]]nnnannn n
nx-. comnnno, uro nuro noono ntstnarcx ncnxnucxnm
saonnannm. Moxno xoomo ncrannrt c raxx, uro xaxnm-ro
mncrnucxnm naxrnxam nnora yarcx onoxnnyrt nomantnt ornomnnx mxy
+rnmn orntntmn onacrxmn, rax uro, nannm, nocnnxrn moxr ynonnrt
coornomnnx n no, xorot n nntx cnyuaxx tnn my nocrynnt. Moxno
cnoxono ycomnnrtcx n rom, uro na +rom nyrn mt ocrnrnm nocnn ncrnnt,
or xoroo xyr ncomro cnacnnx, no mt nc-raxn nnsnam, uro
rannrnucxn ycnnnx ncnxoanannsa nsann c ananornunym rouxy
nnnoxnnx. t nx nnt - yxnnrt , cnart ro on nsanncnmtm or
nx-, acmnnrt non nocnnxrnx n ncronrt ro orannsannm rax,
urot ono morno ocnonrt nont uacrn no. am, r tno no, onxno crart .
3ro nnmno raxax x xyntrynax aora, xax ocymnn 3-3.
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H KH
rax n xnsnt nnunn
Vnaxamt amt n rocnoa! t n ynnnrct, ycntman, uro x namn coomnrt
nam o rom nonom, uro noxnnnoct n namm nonnmannn craxa n ocnonntx
nnunn ymnno xnsnn, n ynnnrct raxx n romy, uro nnuro ns +roro
nonoro n nrnyr na oxonuarntno mnn croxmnx n namn nonm.
namnno ronom sct o nonnmannn. 3aaun, c xorotmn mt cronxnynnct,
usntuano rynt, no rynocrt cocronr n n nocrarx nanmnn; xax
as nanon uacro ncruammncx n xoomo snaxomt ]nomnt n saamr nam
+rn saraxn; no raxx n n ymosnrntntx nocronnxx, x xorotm onn
noyxamr; ymosnrntnax oaorxa n +ro onacrn mano nnnnmarcx no
nnnmann. ut nr crnnrntno o nonnmannn, r. . o rom, urot nncrn
nannntnt acraxrnt ncrannnnx, nnmnnn xorot x ctomy marnany
nanmnn, moxno onrtcx noxxa n xcnocrn.
raxy x yx nocnxrnn ony nxnnm nomnoro nnxna, nanart nxrym. Koorxo
nonrom coxann. Mt rononnn, uro crax - +ro cocroxnn a]]xra, r.
. onnnn onnnntx omymnn xa yonontcrnn - nyonontcrnn c
coornrcrnymmnmn nm nnnnannxmn asxxn |361|
rnm, a raxx, noxrno, n oraxnn onnnnoro snaunmoro cotrnx,
sanuarnnmrocx nacncrnnno n, cnonarntno, cannnmoro c
nnnnnyantno nnornntm ncrnucxnm nnnaxom. xaucrn cotrnx,
ocrannnmro raxo a]]xrnnnt cn, mt nsxnn noncc oxnnx, nn xoroom
cnocrnnnt craxy noscrnnx na cunym xrntnocrt n txann tnn
nncooasntmn. axnm oasom, camt nnt crax tn roxcnucxnm. 3arm
mt ncxonnn ns asnnunx mxy antntm craxom n nnornucxnm,
accmarnnax nnt xax xaxymymcx nam nonxrno axnnm na onacnocrt, r. .
na oxnamt ym nsnn, nroo - xax conmnno cnntnt n noromy
saraount. n ananns antnoro craxa mt cnnn ro x cocroxnnm
nontmnnoro cnconoro nnnmannx n moronoro nanxxnnx, xorot mt
nastnam roronnocrtm x craxy (AngstereitschaIt). s n asnnnarcx
axnnx craxa. n nosmoxnt na ncxoa. nn asnnrn craxa, nonronn
craoro ranmarnucxoro nxnnannx orannunnarcx cnrnanom, rora
ocrantnax axnnx moxr nncnoconrtcx x nono onacno cnryannn,
ntasnrtcx n rcrn nnn samnr, nnn x crao oxnr nx, ncx axnnx
ncunarcx asnnrnm craxa, n rora a]]xrnnno cocroxnn naannsyr n
cranr nx nacroxmro nnncooasntm.
3arm mt oarnnnct x nnornucxomy craxy n cxasann, uro accmarnnam
ro n rx ornomnnxx. o-nntx, xax cnoonym (Irei Ilottierende)
nonnnnym oxsnnnocrt, roronym na xaxo-ro nmx nnnxsartcx x nmo
noxnnnmcx nosmoxnocrn, xax rax nastnamt crax oxnannx, nannm, nn
rnnnunom nnos craxa. o-nrotx, xax crax, naxnxo cnxsannt c
onnnntmn coxannxmn ncrannnn n rax nastnamtx ]onxx, n
xorotx mt, nana, m moxm ynnrt cnxst c nnmn onacnocrtm, no crax
n n onxnt nnsnart cnntno nyn-
nnunntm. naxonn, n-rrtnx, crax nn ncrnn n yrnx ]omax rxxntx
nnoson, xorot nnn cononoxar cnmnromt, nnn nacrynar nsanncnmo, xax
nncryn nnn on nnrntno cocroxnn, no ncra s nnnmo
oycnonnnnocrn nnmn onacnocrtm. 3arm mt nocrannnn n coo na
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nonoca: uro oxrcx nn nnornucxom crax? xax moxno ro coorncrn c
antntm craxom n nnmnnmn onacnocrxmn?
amn nccnonannx ornmt n ocrannct sycnmntmn, mt cnann nxorot
naxnt orxtrnx. ornomnnn oxnannx craxa xnnnnucxn ontr nayunn nac
nnrt nocroxnnym cnxst c mxrom nnno n cxcyantno xnsnn. amo
otuno nnunno nnosa craxa xnnxrcx ]ycrnonanno nosyxnn.
nnosno nosyxnn ntstnarcx, no n yonnrnoxrcx, n ncnontsyrcx:
nmcro +roro n nammro c nnmnnnx nnno noxnnxrcx oxsnnnocrt.
nonaram, uro moxno ax cxasart, uro +ro n yonnrnonno nnno nxmo
nnamarcx n crax. 3ro mnnn namno nornxnn n nxorotx nctma
otuntx ]onxx manntxnx r. Mnorn ns +rnx ]on nx nac nctma
saraount, yrn x, xax, nannm, crax ocrartcx onomy n crax n
yrnmn nnnamn, nnonn oxcnnmt. nnoucrno, a raxx uyxo nnno
noyxamr rocxy no xoomo snaxomo marn; nox n n cnnax nn
connaart c +rnm nnnosntm nosyxnnm, nn ocrannrt ro n
nonnnnocrn, n on nnamar ro n crax. axnm oasom, +ror rcxn
crax cnyr orncrn n x antnomy craxy, a x nnornucxomy. rcxn
]onn n oxnann craxa nn nnos craxa amr nam na nnma onoro
cnocoa nosnnxnonnnx nnornucxoro craxa nyrm nxmoro nnamnnx
nnno. o nrotm mxannsmom mt cuac nosnaxomnmcx: oxaxrcx, uro on
nsnaunrntno ornnuarcx or nnoro.
n ncrnn n yrnx nnosax ornrcrnnntm sa crax mt cunram noncc
ntrcnnnx. Mt nonaram, uro moxno onncart ro on nonno, um o cnx
no, cnn ornnrt cyty ntrcnxmoro ncrannnnx or cytt
coxamrocx n nm saxa nnno. crannnn, xoroo nonrarcx
ntrcnnnm, moxr ncxasnrtcx o nysnanamocrn; no ro a]]xrnnnt sax
otuno nnamarcx n crax, nnum conmnno sasnnuno, xaxoro rnna
+ror a]]xr, arccnx nnn nmont. nmr cymcrnnnoro asnnunx n ro, no
xaxo nnunn sax nnno oxasancx nncnontsonanntm: ns-sa nn]anrnntno
cnaocrn , xax nn rcxnx ]onxx, ncncrnn comarnucxnx nonccon n
cxcyantno xnsnn, xax nn nnos craxa, nnn naroax ntrcnnnm, xax
nn ncrnn. rax, oa mxannsma nosnnxnonnnx nnornucxoro craxa,
cocrnnno ronox, connaamr.
o nmx +rnx nccnonann mt oarnnn nnnmann na usntuano naxno
ornomnn mxy asnnrnm craxa n oasonannm cnmnroma, a nmnno na ro,
uro oa onn ncrannxmr yr yra n nnxoxr na cmny yr yry. V
craammro aroa]on, nannm, nyr naunnarcx c nncryna craxa na
ynnn. nor on cosar cnmnrom craxa n ynnn, xorot moxno nasnart
raxx romoxnnm, orannunnm ]ynxnnn , n nynxar rm camtm
nncryn craxa. arno moxno nnrt, xora noncxonr nmmarntcrno n
oasonann cnmnroma, xax, nannm, nn nanxsunntx crnnxx. cnn
ontnomy nommart ntnonnnrt nmonnm mtrtx, on nnaar n ryno
nnocnmo cocroxnn craxa, nornn xorooro ro, ounnno, samnman ro
cnmnrom. axnm oasom, no-nnnmomy, asnnrn craxa - on ann, a
oasonann cnmnroma - on nosn, xax yro cnmnromt oasymrcx nx
roro, urot nsxart noxnnnnx cocroxnnx craxa. +ro cornacyrcx raxx c
rm, uro nnt nnost rcxoro nosacra xnnxmrcx ]onxmn, cocroxnnxmn,
no xorotm xcno nnno, xax nauantno asnnrn craxa cmnxrcx on
nosnnm oasonannm cnmnroma: cosarcx nnuarnnn, uro +rn ornomnnx
orxtnamr nyumn ocryn x nonnmannm nnornucxoro craxa. nonmnno
nam yanoct raxx ornrnrt na nonoc, uro oxrcx nn nnornucxom
crax, n, raxnm oasom, ycranonnrt cnxst mxy nnornucxnm n antntm
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craxom. o, uro oxrcx, xnnxrcx, ounnno, cocrnnntm nnno. rnnun
or cnryannn antnoro craxa saxnmuarcx n nyx momnrax: n rom, uro
onacnocrt xnnxrcx nnyrnn, a n nnmn, n n rom, uro ona cosnarntno
n nnsnarcx.
]onxx moxno ount xcno ynnrt, xax +ra nnyrnnxx onacnocrt
nnonrcx no nnmnmm, r. . xax nnornucxn crax nnamarcx n
xaxymncx antnt crax. rot ynocrnrt sauacrym nctma cnoxno
nonoxnn nm, nnonoxnm, uro aroa]o nocroxnno cramnrcx conasnon,
xorot noyxamrcx n nm naroax ncruam na ynnn. cno ]onn on
nonsnonr cmmnn n naunnar oxrtcx nnmn cnryannn. ro ntnrtm nn
+rom ounnn, nocxontxy on ymar, uro rax cmoxr nyum samnrnrtcx. r
nnmn onacnocrn moxno cnacrnct rcrnom, nontrxa rcrna or nnyrnn
onacnocrn - no ryno.
saxnmunn x cno nomno nxnnn o crax x ax ntcxasan cyxnn, uro
+rn asnnunt syntrart namro nccnonannx no t n n nornnouar
yr yry, no nc-raxn xaxnm-ro oasom n n cornacymrcx. rax, yyun
a]]xrnnntm cocroxnnm, xnnxrcx nocnonsnnnm craoro rosxmro
onacnocrtm cotrnx, crax cnyxnr camocoxannnm n xnnxrcx cnrnanom nono
onacnocrn, on nosnnxar ns nnno, xaxnm-ro oasom ocranmrocx
nncnontsonan-
ntm, n n noncc ntrcnnnx cmnxrcx oasonannm cnmnroma, cnonno on
cnxsan ncnxnucxn, - uyncrnyrcx, uro sct uro-ro n xnarar, uro
connxr ]armnrt n nno.
Vnaxamt amt n rocnoa! o asnnn ncnxnucxo nnunocrn na nx-,
n no, o xoroom x rononn nam na ntym nxnnn, ntnyxar nac nnnxrt
nonym onnrannm n n nonm craxa. onarax, uro - nncrnnno mcro
anno nam onnoct nccnonart, xax nosnnxar crax nn onnnntx
]onxx, xorot mt nnuncnxm x ncrnn craxa. Mt ntann cnyuan, n
xorotx ut nr o rnnnunom ntrcnnnn xnann ns 3nnona xomnnxca. Mt
oxnann, uro nnnosnax nnnxsannocrt x marn xax x oxry ncncrnn
ntrcnnnx nnamarcx n crax n ntcrynar orntn n cnmnromarnucxom
ntaxnnn n cnxsn c samno ornom. n mory accxasart nam o orntntx
+ranax raxoro nccnonannx, ocrarouno cxasart, uro nx omnomnxmmn
syntrar oxasancx nonno nornnononoxnocrtm namnm oxnannxm.
ntrcnnn cosar crax, a crax noxnnxrcx antm, crax nonsnonr
ntrcnnn! o uro +ro moxr trt sa crax? ontxo crax n yroxamm
nnmn onacnocrtm, r. . antnt crax. no, uro mantunx ncntrtnar
crax n xaxnm-ro nnrxsannm cnoro nnno, n annom cnyua n
nmontm x marn; raxnm oasom, +ro crnnrntno cnyua nnornucxoro
craxa. o +ra nnmnnnocrt xaxrcx my nnyrnn onacnocrtm, xoroo on
onxn nsxart nyrm orxasa or +roro oxra noromy, uro ona ntstnar
cnryannm nnmn onacnocrn. no ncx cnyuaxx, nccnymtx namn, mt
nonyuam ror x syntrar. nsnamcx x, uro mt n tnn roront x romy,
uro nnyrnnxx onacnocrt nnunnx oxaxrcx ycnonnm n nororonxo nnmn,
antno cnryannn onacnocrn.
o mt m nnuro n cxasann o rom, uro raxo antnax onacnocrt, xoroo
onrcx nox ncncrnn nnmnnnocrn n mart. 3ro naxasann xacrann,
nor cnoro unna. t, xonuno, samrnr, uro +ro n xnnxrcx nnxaxo
antno onacnocrtm. amnx mantunxon n xacrnymr sa ro, uro onn n nno
3nnona xomnnxca nnmnxmrcx n mart. o or +roro n rax-ro nocro
ormaxnyrtcx. x ncro, no n n rom, crnnrntno nn nonsnonrcx
xacrannx; mammnm xnnxrcx ro, uro onacnocrt yroxar nsnn n uro
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nox n n nnr. nono nx +roro y nro crt, nocxontxy my
ocrarouno uacro yroxamr orsannm unna n ro ]annnucxn nno, no
nmx ro annro onannsma, n namxn na +ro naxasann nocroxnno mor-
nn nonyuart y nro ]nnornrnucxo ycnnnn. Mt nnonaram, uro n
nnocrn n unonucxo cmt xacrannx noacrammnx mantunxon
crnnrntno ocymcrnnxnact nnnntm n xcroxnm ornom, n osann,
xoroo y nnmnrnnntx naoon rax uacro xnnxnoct cocranno uacrtm nryana
ncrynnnnx n nononym snocrt, moxno cunrart xnntm nxnrxom. Mt
snam, nacxontxo anxn mt cuac or omnnnxroro nsrnxa, no mt onxnt
rno nnxnnartcx roro, uro crax xacrannn xnnxrcx onnm ns nanon
uacro ncruammnxcx n nanon cnntntx nnrarn ntrcnnnx n rm camtm n
oasonannx nnoson. nannst cnyuan, xora n xacrannx, a osann y
mantunxon ocymcrnnxnoct n xaucrn rannn nnn naxasannx sa onannsm, uro
n rax yx xo noncxonno n anrno-amnxancxom omcrn, nnar nammy
yxnnm oxonuarntnym ynnnocrt. osnnxar cnntnt conasn noorn n
+rom mcr nnx x xomnnxcy xacrannn, no mt n xornm yxonrt or nam
rmt. rax xacrannn, xonuno, n nncrnnnt mornn ntrcnnnx, nt y
xnmnn on yx n nmr mcra, xorx y nnx moxr trt xomnnxc xacrannn, no
n crax xacrannn. mcro nro y yroro nona noxnnxrcx crax norxrt
nmont - nnnmo noonxnn craxa rynoro mnanna, cnn on n naxonr
mart. t nonnmar, xaxax antnax cnryannx onacnocrn onayxnnarcx
naroax +romy craxy. cnn mart orcyrcrnyr nnn nnmar nxa cno
nmnn, on ncrar trt ynn n yonnrnonnn cnonx nornocr n,
nosmoxno, ncntrtnar camt nnnxrnt uyncrna nanxxnnocrn.
orxastnarct or nn, uro +rn ycnonnx craxa no cyrn nonroxmr cnryannm
nnonauantnoro craxa oxnnx, xoroo nt rox osnauar ornnn or
marn. t cnn nt nocnyr sa xoom mtcnn unnn (1925), nt cmo-
xr nnuncnnrt crax xacrannn x +romy xy, noromy uro yrara myxcxoro
unna nmr cncrnnm nnosmoxnocrt nocconnnnx n nononom axr c
martm nnn c 3amno. 3amuy nonyrno, uro rax uacro ncruammaxcx
]anrasnx nosnamnnx n marnncxo nono xnnxrcx sammnnm +roro xnannx
xonryca. mor t coomnrt m mnoro nnrcntx nm n ynnnrntntx
cnxs, no n mory ntxonrt sa amxn nnnnx n ncnxoananns, xouy rontxo
oarnrt nam nnnmann na ro, xax ncnxonornucxn nccnonannx cmtxamrcx c
nonornucxnmn ]axramn.
3acnyro rro anxa, xoroomy ncnxoananns oxsan mnornmn nxacntmn
aoramn, xnnxrcx n ro, uro on nacrounno nouxnnan snaunn axra
oxnnx n ornnnx or marn (1924) (1). ana, mt nc counn
nnosmoxntm nnnxrt r xann ntnot, xorot on cnan ns +roro nx
ronn nnoson n ax nx anannrnucxo rannn. naxo xo ro ronn -
ro, uro nxnnann craxa oxnnx xnnxrcx nooasom ncx nocnymmnx
cnryann onacnocrn, - tno orxtro m o nro. cranannnnaxct na nnx, mt
moxm cxasart, uro, cocrnnno, xaxt nosacr onaar onnnntm
ycnonnm ----------------------------------------
(1) xonnnnnn . anxa cm. ntm.
nmnn, onn nnxora n cranonxrcx nsanncnmtmn or nmnn yrnx,
noonxax n +rom ornomnnn cno nn]anrnntno nonnn. rax n
nx- otuno n onxn ncusart, rax xax on n xaucrn craxa concrn
noxonm n connantntx ornomnnxx, n orntnt unonx rontxo n camtx
xnx cnyuaxx moxr crart nsanncnmtm or unonucxoro omcrna.
xorot crat cnryannn onacnocrn moryr nrn n n nosnmn nno,
mon]nnnyx n coornrcrnnn co nmnm cnon ycnonnx craxa. ax, nannm,
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onacnocrt xacrannn coxanxrcx no macxo cn]nno]onn. yyun nsocntm,
unonx snar, uro xacrannx ontm n nnmnxrcx n xaucrn naxasannx sa
yonnrnonn cxcyantntx nnunn, no saro on ysnan, uro raxax
cxcyantnax cnooa rosnr rxxntmn saonnannxmn. r nnxaxoro comnnnx n
rom, uro nnna, xorotx mt nastnam nnornxamn, ocramrcx n cnom ornomnnn
x onacnocrn nn]anrnntntmn, n noonn crat ycnonnx craxa. nmm +ro
sa ]axr nx xaaxrncrnxn nnornxon; no noumy +ro rax, casy ornrnrt
nnosmoxno.
amct, uro nt m n norxnn onnrannm n nomnnr, uro mt ocranonnnnct
na nccnonannn ornomnn mxy craxom n ntrcnnnm. n +rom mt ysnann
n nont nmn - no-nntx, uro crax ocymcrnnxr ntrcnnn, a n
naooor, xax mt nonarann, n, no-nrotx, uro cnryannx nnunn, xoroax
ntstnar crax, nocxonr n ocnonnom x nnmn cnryannn onacnocrn.
nymmn nonoc raxon: xax mt ncrannxm c rnt noncc ntrcnnnx
no nnnxnnm craxa? ymam rax: samuar, uro yonnrnonn
noxnnxmmrocx ronannx nnunnx ntstnar ony ns xoomo sanomnnnmnxcx
cnryann onacnocrn. 3ra saxnaunnocrt nnunnm onxna trt xaxnm-ro
oasom noannna, noonna, nnmna cnnt. Mt snam, uro +ra saaua
yarcx , cnn ono
cnntno n nxnmunno n cnom orannsannm coornrcrnymm nnunn.
ntrcnnn nacrynar n rom cnyua, cnn nnunn m ornocnrcx x no n
uyncrnyr cx cnatm. ora nomorar c rxnnxo, xoroax no cyrn
na nnrnuna rxnnx otunoro mtmnnnx. Mtmnnn xnnxrcx nontm
crnnm c ncnontsonannm mantx xonnucrn +nrnn, noono nnnxnnm
manntxnx ]nry na xar, nx um nonxonon nnnr n nnxnn
nocxa(1). nnocxnmar, raxnm oasom, yonnrnonn onacnoro
nnunnx n asmar my nocnonsncrn omymnnx nyonontcrnnx x nauany
nnymamm crax cnryannn onacnocrn. m camtm nxnmuarcx anromarnsm
nnnnnna yonontcrnnx-nyonontcrnnx, xorot n nonsnonr ntrcnnn
onacnoro nnunnx.
ron, cxaxr nt mn, rax no n nor! t nant, x onxn m xo-uro
cnart, nx um +ro noxaxrcx nam nnmnmtm. nauana nnsnamct nam,
uro x ntrancx nncrn na xstx namro otunoro mtmnnnx ro, uro n
crnnrntnocrn n xnnxrcx, sycnonno, cosnarntntm nnn
ncosnarntntm nonccom mxy xonnucrnamn +nrnn n cycrar, xorot
nntsx c ncrannrt. o +ro n ount cnntnt arymnr, a nt nnau
nnosmoxno nocrynnrt. axn ro, uro mt xcno asnnuam, uro nn ntrcnnnn
noncxonr n n uro n no. ro nar , mt rontxo uro cxasann, ono
ncnontsyr nono sanonnnn ----------------------------------------
(1) x o rom, uro mtmnnn nnonarar romoxnn (saxxy) nnmnro
nnxnnx, tna nnnt ntcxasana unontm n "]nxcax rononnoro mosra".
3ra nx nnxynnonana n nncxnx nnonornucxnx xyrax n tna nocnnnxra
uom, xorot accmarnnan saxnnammym ]ynxnnm mtmnnnx xax ony ns
rnanntx ]ynxnn .
craxa. 3arm nosmoxno ncxontxo nnn mnoxcrno axnn c mnxmmnmncx
xonnucrnamn +nrnn. nn nonnocrtm asontrcx nncryn craxa n concm
orcrynnrcx or nnnnnunoro nosyxnnx, nnn nmcro nonoro sanonnnnx ono
nornnonocrannr my oarnt norox rnt nnmcx nasa n oarnmcx x
no. ro noncxonr nn ntrcnnnn c noxnntm nnunnm, oraartcx n
rax-ro nrxo. t nac nnrcyr rnanntm oasom, uro noncxonr c
+nrn, c nnnosntm saxom +roro nosyxnnx, xax on ncnontsy-
rcx. t nomnnr, antm mt nnonarann, uro nmnno on nnamarcx
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naroax ntrcnnnm n crax. nt mt rax yrnxart n moxm; nam
cxomnt ornr yr cxo raxnm: no-nnnmomy, ro cyta n ncra
onnaxona. oxrno, nmrcx nnrnmno coornrcrnn mxy nonccom,
noncxonnmnm n n n no nn ntrcnnnn nnunnx, xoroo crano nam
nsncrno. rx no xax mt nosnonnnn c nxnmunrt n ntrcnnn nmnno
nnnnnn yonontcrnnx - nyonontcrnnx, xorot noyxarcx cnrnanom
craxa, y nac noxnnnnct ocnonannx nsmnnrt namn nnonoxnnx. 3ror
nnnnnn ynannxr nonccamn n no conmnno norannunno. Mt cunram
ro cnocontm nonsnonrt nctma rnyoxn nsmnnnx n coornrcrnymmm
nnunnn. Mt nororonnnt raxx x romy, uro ycnxn ntrcnnnx yyr ount
asnnuntmn, on nnn mn anxo nymnmn. nxorotx cnyuaxx
ntrcnnno nnunn moxr coxannrt cno nnnosnt sax, noonxart
cymcrnonart s nsmnnnx n no, xorx n no nocroxnntm annnnm .
yrnx cnyuaxx, noxrno, noncxonr ro nonno asymnn, a ro nnno
oxonuarntno nanannxrcx no yrnm xananam. nonaran, uro rax noncxonr
nn nomantnom asmnnn 3nnona xomnnxca, xorot, raxnm oasom, n
+rom xnarntnom cnyua n nocro ntrcnxrcx, a asymarcx n no. an
xnnnnucxn ontr noxasan nam, uro no mnornx cnyuaxx nmcro nnntunoro
ycnmnoro ntrcnnnx noncxonr nonnxnn nnno, ro rccnx na on
annmm crynnt orannsannn. 3ro moxr noncxonrt, crcrnnno, rontxo n
no, n cnn +ro noncxonr, ro no nnnxnnm roro x xon]nnxra, xorot
naunnarcx naroax cnrnany craxa. amt xxn nnm raxoro oa
ncrannxr coo nnos nanxsunntx cocroxnn, nn xoroom rccnx
nnno n ntrcnnn nsanmocrnymr.
Vnaxamt amt n rocnoa! omct, uro +rn accyxnnx xaxyrcx nam
manononxrntmn, n nt oratnarct, uro nsnoxnt onn n ncuntnammnm
oasom. oxanm, uro ntsnan nam nonontcrno. o x n mory nocrannrt
n coo nno nnn, xom ro, urot nt nonyunnn ncrannnn o
oconnocrxx namnx syntraron n rynocrxx nx nonyunnx. m rnyx mt
nonnxnm n nsyunn ncnxnucxnx nonccon, rm ontm mt ysnam o
orarcrn nx coxannx n o nx sanyrannocrn. xorot nocrt ]omynt,
xasanmncx nam nonauany nnmnmtmn, nosn oxasannct nocrarountmn. Mt
n ycranm mnxrt n ncnannxrt nx. nxnnn o ronn cnonnnn x nnn nac
n onacrt, r n runn nxrnanarn nr n nonsomno nourn nnuro nonoro;
sct x, xora mt rononm o crax, nt nnnr, uro nc naxonrcx n
nnxnnn n nsmnnnn. 3rn nont annt m nocrarouno ocnonarntno
noaorant, moxr trt, no+romy nx nsnoxnn ntstnar sarynnnx.
ornnr, mt cxoo ocrannm nonmy craxa; x n yrnxam, nana, uro
rora mnn nac yonnrnonr. amct, uro xorx t nmnoro mt nc x
nonnnynnct nn. no xoy na mt asoann nc nosmoxnt nont
nsrnxt. ax, no nnnxnnm nsyunnx craxa mt moxm rnt x nammy
onncannm oannrt nonym ury. Mt rononnn, uro cnao no cannnnm c
no, xnnxrcx ro nntm cnyro, craarcx noncrn n xnsnt ro
nnxasannx, ntnonnnrt ro ronannx. Mt n conamcx art +ro
yrnxnn nasa. o c yro croont, +ro - nc-raxn nyum
orannsonannax, onnrnonannax na antnocrt uacrt no. Mt n onxnt
ucuy nynnnunnart ooconnnocrt oonx, a raxx ynnnxrtcx, cnn ,
co cno croont, yarcx oxasart nnnxnn na noncct n no. nonaram,
uro ocymcrnnxr +ro nnnxnn, sacrannxx crnonart noc-
crnom cnrnana craxa nourn ncmorymn nnnnnn yonontcrnnx -
nyonontcrnnx. noum, nnoccrnnno nocn +roro ono onxrt
onayxnnar cnom cnaocrt, orxastnaxct ns-sa axra ntrcnnnx or uacrn
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cno orannsannn n onycxax, urot ntrcnnno nnunn nnrntno nmx
ocrananoct s ro nnnxnnx.
rnt m rontxo ono samuann no nonm craxa. namnx yxax
nnornucxn crax nnarnncx n antnt crax, n crax n
onnnntmn nnmnnmn cnryannxmn onacnocrn. o na +rom nntsx
ocranannnnartcx, mt onxnt cnart cnymmn mar, onaxo +ro yr mar
nasa. nocnm cx, uro, cocrnnno ronox, xnnxrcx onacntm, uro onrcx
unonx n raxnx cnryannxx onacnocrn? unnno, n yma, o xoroom moxno
cynrt oxrnnno n xorot ncnxonornucxn mor t conmnno nnuro n
snaunrt, a roro, uro nnunnxrcx nm n ymnno xnsnn. oxnn, nannm,
nooas namro cocroxnnx craxa, camo no c nx nn moxr
accmarnnartcx xax ym, xorx onacnocrt nonxnn nn +rom crt.
ymcrnnntm n oxnnn, xax n n nmo cnryannn onacnocrn, xnnxrcx ro,
uro n ymnnom nxnnannn ono ntstnar cocroxnn ntcoxonanxxnnoro
nosyxnnx, xoroo nocnnnnmarcx xax nyonontcrnn n c xorotm unonx
n moxr cnannrtcx nyrm asxxn. asnan cocroxnn, nn xoroom ycnnnx
nnnnnna yonontcrnnx rnxr nyauy, ranmarnucxnm ]axroom, mt nnxonm
us x nnornucxn crax - antnt crax - onacnax cnryannx x
nocromy nonoxnnm: ro, uro ntstnar oxsnt, nmr craxa, - +ro xaxt
as noxnnnn ranmarnucxoro ]axroa, xorot n moxr trt ycrann
crnnm nnnnnna yonontcrnnx. Mt casy x nonnmam, uro naroax
nannunm nnnnnna yonontcrnnx mt sacraxonant n or oxrnnnoro yma, a
rontxo or onnnnoro
yma nam ncnxnucxo +xonomnn. r nnnnnna yonontcrnnx o nncrnnxra
camocoxannnx onrn nyrt, mnororo n xnarar nx roro, urot nx nnn c
camoro nauana connaann. o mt nnnm raxx xo-uro yro: nosmoxno, +ro
ro mnn, xoroo mt nmm. nmnno: sct ns ut nr o
ornocnrntntx xonnucrnax. ontxo nnnunna cymmt nosyxnnx nnnonr x
ranmarnucxomy ]axroy, naannsyr aory nnnnnna yonontcrnnx, nnar
cnryannn onacnocrn snaunn. cnn +ro rax, cnn +ra saraxa
ycranxrcx raxnm nosanucxnm oasom, ro noumy n moxr trt roro,
urot noont ranmarnucxn ]axrot nosnnxnn n ymnno xnsnn nsanncnmo
or nnonaramtx onacntx cnryann, nn xorotx crax noyxarcx n xax
cnrnan, a nosnnxar sanono na nnom ocnonannn? Knnnnucxn ontr c
onnnnocrtm nornxar, uro +ro crnnrntno rax. ontxo on
nosnn ntrcnnnx orxtnamr onncannt namn mxannsm, nn xoroom crax
noyxarcx xax cnrnan xaxo-ro on ann cnryannn onacnocrn; nnt n
nnonauantnt ns nnx nosnnxamr nxmo nn ncru co cnxcnntntm
nnrxsannm nnno ns ranmarnucxnx ]axroon, onn sanono oasymr cno
crax, xorx n no nooasy oxnnx. o x camo moxno orncrn n x
asnnrnm craxa nn nnos craxa ns-sa comarnucxoro naymnnx
cxcyantno ]ynxnnn. o, uro +ro camo nnno, nnamnno nn +rom n
crax, mt n ym ontm yrnxart. o x n nnxy nnxaxnx nosaxnn
nornn nnsnannx noxxoro noncxoxnnx craxa, ro xax nxmoro cncrnnx
ranmarnucxoro ]axroa, ro xax cnrnana o rom, uro nosnnxar yrosa
nonronnx +roro ]axroa.
Vnaxamt amt n rocnoa! t, xonuno, at romy, uro nam n nnrcx
on nnuro ntcnymnnart o crax. o +ro na n mnxr, no antnm n
nyum roro. namn cronx x nncrn nac n onacrt ronn nnno nnn
ronn nnunn, r rox, xaxrcx, noxnnnoct xo-uro nono. xouy
cxasart, uro mt ocrnrnn sct nacrontxo ontmnx ycnxon, urot cronno
nnnarart ycnnnx nx ycnonnx ncro +roro. r, +ro raxax onacrt, r mt
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c ryom onnrnymcx n ocrnram nonnmannx; nt yr nnmt cnnrnxmn
namnx ycnnn n sct mn rox nnrcx nnyrtcx, xcrarn, x romy, o um x
rononn antm.
onx nnunn - +ro, rax cxasart, nama mn]onornx. nunnx - mn]nucxn
cymcrna, rannosnt n cno nonnnnocrn. Mt n nam aor nn na
mnnyry n moxm ynycxart nx ns nny n nn +rom nnxora n ynnt, uro
nnnm nx xcno. t snar, xax otnno mtmnnn oxcnxr nnunn.
nonararcx roaso ontm xonnucrno asnooasntx nnunn, um +ro
nyxno: nnunn x camoyrnxnnm, noaxannm, nr, omnnm n mnorn nm
noont. x xax t nnnnmamr x cnnnm, amr xaxomy ns nnx ntnonnxrt
cnom ]ynxnnm n sarm onxrt nx orcranxmr. am ncra xasanoct, uro sa
+rnmn mnorouncnnntmn mnxnmn sanmcrnonanntmn nnunnxmn cxtnarcx nuro
ctsno n morymcrnnno, x umy mt xnann t ocrooxno nnnnsnrtcx.
am nnt mar tn nctma cxomntm. Mt cxasann c, uro, noxrno, n
sanyramcx, cnn nx nauana ntnnm na ocnonntx nnunnx, nna nnunn
nnn rynnt nnunn no nym ontmnm nornocrxm: rono n nmont. Kax t
nnocrno mt nn samnmann n nntx cnyuaxx nsanncnmocrt ncnxonornn or nmo
yro nayxn, sct mt nc-raxn naxonmcx n nnny nstnmoro
nonornucxoro ]axra, cornacno xoroomy orntno xnno cymcrno cnyxnr
nym namnnxm, camocoxannnm n coxannnm nna, xaxymnmcx nsanncnmtmn
yr or yra, xorot, nacxontxo nam nsncr-
no, noxa m n cnnt x nnomy ncrounnxy n nnrct xorotx n xnnorno
xnsnn uacro nornnouar yr yry. Mt xax t sannmamcx sct cocrnnno
nonornucxo ncnxonorn, nsyuam ncnxnucxn xnnnnx, cononoxammn
nonornucxn noncct. xaucrn nnmon +roro oa n ncnxoananns
ncrannnt "nnunnx * n "cxcyantnt nnunnx". K nntm mt nnuncnxm
nc, uro ornocnrcx x coxannnm, yrnxnnm, nosntmnnm nnunocrn.
nocnnn mt nxnatnann ro orarcrno coxannx, xorooro ryr rcxax
nsnamnnax cxcyantnax xnsnt. osnaxomnnmnct nn nsyunnn nnoson c
xax c orannunnamm, ntrcnxmm cnno, a c cxcyantntmn crmnnnxmn xax
c nonrammnmncx orannunnm n ntrcnnnm, mt nonarann, uro namynann n
rontxo asnnun, no n xon]nnxr mxy onmn rynnamn nnunn. mrom
namro nsyunnx cnauana tnn rontxo cxcyantnt nnunnx, +nrnm xorotx
mt nasnann "nnno". a nx nnm mt nontrannct noxcnnrt namn
ncrannnnx o rom, uro raxo nnunn n uro my moxno nnnncart. axono
snaunn ronn nnno.
rax, nnunn ornnuarcx or asaxnnx rm, uro ono noncxonr ns
ncrounnxon asaxnnx nnyrn rna, crnyr xax nocroxnnax cnna n uro
unonx n moxr cnacrnct or nro rcrnom, xax +ro moxno cnart nn
nnmnm asaxnnn. o nnunnn moxno asnnunrt ncrounnx, oxr n nnt.
crounnxom xnnxrcx cocroxnn nosyxnnx n rn, nntm - ycrannn +roro
nosyxnnx, na nyrn or ncrounnxa x nnn nnunn cranonnrcx ncnxnucxn
crnnntm. Mt ncrannxm c ro xax onnnno xonnucrno +nrnn,
xoroo crnyr n onnnnom nanannnnn. 3romy crnnm ano nasnann
"nnunn" (rie). nunnx tnamr axrnnntmn n naccnnntmn; roun tno t
cxasart: crt axrnnnt n naccnnnt
nnn nnunnx; nx ocrnxnnx naccnnno nnn rox nyxna sarara
axrnnnocrn. ocrnramax nnt moxr trt n cocrnnnom rn, no, xax
nannno, nxnmuarcx nnmnn oxr, naroax xoroomy nnunn ocrnrar
nnmn nnn; ro nnyrnn nntm ocrarcx ncxxn as nsmnnn rna,
nocnnnnmamo xax yonnrnonn. nar nn ornomnn x comarnucxomy
ncrounnxy xaxym-nno cnnn]nxy nnunnm n xaxym, ocrarcx nx nac nxcntm.
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o, uro nnunnx ns onoro ncrounnxa nnmtxamr x raxontm ns yrnx
ncrounnxon n asnxmr nx antnmym cyty n uro noom yonnrnonn
onoro nnunnx moxr trt samnno yrnm, +ro - no cnnrntcrny
anannrnucxoro ontra - ncomnnnt ]axrt. nsnamcx rontxo, uro mt n
oconno xoomo nonnmam nx. rnomnn nnunnx x nnn n oxry rox
onycxar nsmnnnx, oa moryr trt samnnt yrnmn, no nc-raxn
ornomnn x oxry nru ocnanrt. nnnnt xaaxr mon]nxannn nnn
n cmnt oxra, nn xoroo yunrtnarcx nama connantnax onnxa, mt
ntnxm xax cynnmannm. Kom roro, mt nmm ocnonann asnnuart m
nnunnx, saxannt na nyrn x nnn (zielgehemmte), nnunnx ns xoomo
nsncrntx ncrounnxon c nnycmtcnnno nntm, saxanmncx, onaxo, na
nyrn x yonnrnonnm, n syntrar uro nacrynar nnrntnax
nnnxsannocrt x oxry n ycrounno crmnnn. axoro oa, nannm,
ornomnn nxnocrn, xoroo ncomnnno noncxonr ns cxcyantno
nornocrn n otuno orxastnarcx or cnoro yonnrnonnx. Moxr c
ncrannrt, cxontxo m cnocrn n cy nnunn ocrarcx sa nnamn
namro nonnmannx; sct noxonmo raxx nanomnnrt o asnnunn mxy
cxcyantntmn nnunnxmn n nncrnnxramn camocoxannnx, xoroo nmno t
usntuano rornucxo snaunn, cnn t ornocnnoct
xo nc rynn. xcyantnt nnunnx noaxamr nac cno nnacrnunocrtm,
cnoconocrtm mnxrt cnon nnn, cno sammamocrtm, rm, uro
yonnrnonn onoro nnunnx nosnonxr sammnn yrnm, a raxx cno
orcounnocrtm, xoomnm nnmom xoroo xnnxmrcx nmnno saxannt na
nyrn x nnn nnunnx. +rnx xaucrnax mt xornn t orxasart nncrnnxram
camocoxannnx, cxasan o nnx, uro onn nnxnonnt, sornararntnt,
nmnarnnnt concm yrnm oasom n nmmr concm yro ornomnn xax x
ntrcnnnm, rax n x craxy. naxo cnymm asmtmnnn rononr nam, uro
+ro ncxnmunrntno nonoxnn sannmamr n nc nnunnx , a rontxo rono n
xaxa n uro, ounnno, ono oocnonano oconnocrtm ncrounnxon nnunn.
nuarnnn sanyrannocrn nosnnxar m n noromy, uro mt n accmornn
orntno, xaxn nsmnnnx nrnnamr nnunnx, nnonauantno
nnnanxanmn no, no nnnxnnm orannsonannoro .
Mt naxonmcx na on rno noun, xora nccnym, xaxnm oasom
nnunnx cnyxar cxcyantno ]ynxnnn. 3ct mt nonyunnn mammn annt,
xorot n nx nac n nont. t cxcyantno nnunn ysnarcx n no romy,
uro my c camoro nauana cnocrnnna ycrmnnnocrt x nnn cxcyantno
]ynxnnn - connnnm nyx nonontx xnrox, no mt nnnm ontmo xonnucrno
uacrntx nnunn, xorot onontno nsanncnmo yr or yra crmxrcx x
yonnrnonnm n naxoxr +ro yonnrnonn n um-ro, uro mt moxm nasnart
yonontcrnnm or ]ynxnnonnonannx oranon (rganlust). Innrannn xnnxmrcx
cn +rnx +ornntx son camtmn nosnnmn, yonontcrnnm or ]ynxnnonnonannx
+rnx oranon nntsx on orxastnart n nasnannn cxcyantno nacnaxnn.
nc ns +rnx crmxmnxcx x nacnaxnnm noyxnn nxnmuamr-
cx n oxonuarntnym orannsannm cxcyantno ]ynxnnn. xorot ns nnx
ycranxmrcx xax nnnront ntrcnnnm nnn xaxnm-nno yrnm cnocoom,
nxorot ynoxrcx or cno nnn yx ynomxnyrtm ocotm oasom n
ncnontsymrcx nx ycnnnnx nntx noyxnn, yrn ocramrcx na
nroocrnnntx onxx, cnyxa ocymcrnnnnm nnontx axron, ntstnax
nnanrntno yonontcrnn. t ysnann, uro n +rom nnrntnom asnnrnn
moxno ycmorrt ncxontxo ]as nmcrnymm orannsannn, a raxx ro,
xaxnm oasom ns asnnrnx cxcyantno ]ynxnnn oxcnxmrcx orxnonnnx n
saxxn. nym ns +rnx nrnnrantntx ]as mt nastnam oantno, noromy
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uro n coornrcrnnn c nnrannm rynoro mnanna +ornnax sona ra
omnnnyr raxx n n rom, uro moxno nasnart cxcyantno xrntnocrtm
+roro nnoa xnsnn. a nroo crynnn na nnt nnan ntnnramrcx
cancrcxn n anantnt nmnyntct, xonuno x, n cnxsn c noxnnnnm syon,
ycnnnnm mycxynaryt n onnannm ]ynxnnxmn c]nnxra. Kax as o +ro
nnmuarntno crynnn asnnrnx mt ysnann mnoro nnrcntx noonocr.
rtx ]asa - ]annnucxax, n xoroo y oonx nonon myxcxo unn n ro, uro
my coornrcrnyr y noux, nnorar snaunn, xoroo nntsx n
samrnrt. asnann rnnrantnax ]asa mt ocrannnn nx oxonuarntno
cxcyantno orannsannn, xoroax ycranannnnarcx nocn nonono snocrn,
xora xncxn nonont orant naxoxr raxo x nnsnann, xaxo myxcxn
nonyunnn yx anno.
c +ro nonronn anno nsncrnoro. ymar rontxo, uro nc ro, o um
x na +ror as n cxasan, yrarnno cno snaunn. 3ro nonronn tno nyxno
nx roro, urot nrn x coomnnxm o nsmnnnxx n namnx nsrnxax. Mt
moxm noxnannrtcx, uro xax as o annnx orannsannxx nnno mt ysnann
mnoro no-
noro, a snaunn nxnro nonxnn xcn, uro x n xouy nomoncrnonart
nam, no xan m, na orntntx nnmax. 1924 r. axam noxasan,
uro n cancrcxo-anantno ]as moxno asnnunrt n crynnn. a on ann
ns nnx rocnocrnymr cryxrnnnt rnnnnn ynnuroxnnx n yrart, na on
nosn - yxcrnnnt oxry rnnnnn yxannx n onaannx. axnm
oasom, n cnn +ro ]ast nnnt noxnnxrcx nnnmann x oxry xax
nncrnnx on nosn nmonno nnnxsannocrn (Lieesesetzung). Mt
nnan raxx nnonoxnrt raxo asnnn n na nno oantno ]as. a
nno crynnn ut nr o oantnom nornomnnn, nnxaxo amnnannrnocrn
no ornomnnm x oxry marnncxo ryn nr. roym crynnt, ormunnym
noxnnnnm xycarntno xrntnocrn, moxno nasnart oantno-cancrcxo; ona
nnnt onayxnnar noxnnnnx amnnannrnocrn, xorot na cnymm,
cancrcxo-anantno ]as cranonxrcx namnoro orurnnn. Hnnocrt +ro nono
xnaccn]nxannn onayxnnarcx oconno rora, xora nn onnnntx
nnosax - nnos nanxsunntx cocroxnn, mnanxonnn - nmyr snaunn
nacnonoxnnocrn n asnnrnn nnno. nnrct sct mtcnnno x romy,
uro mt ysnann o cnxsn ]nxcannn nnno, nacnonoxnnocrn n rccnn.
am ornomnn x ]asam orannsannn nnno noom nmnoro nsmnnnoct. cnn
antm mt nx ncro nouxnnann, xax ona ns nnx ncusar nn
nacrynnnnn cnymm, ro rnt nam nnnmann nnnnxamr ]axrt,
noxastnammn, cxontxo or xaxo on ann ]ast coxannnoct naxy c
on nosnnmn oasonannxmn, cxtro sa nnmn n nacxontxo nnrntno
ncrannrntcrno nonyuamr onn n mxr nnno n n xaaxr nnnnnyyma.
m on snaunrntntmn crann annt, noxasanmn nam, xax
uacro n naronornucxnx ycnonnxx noncxoxr rccnn x on annnm ]asam
n uro onnnnt rccnn xaaxrnt nx onnnntx ]om onsnn. o
x n mory sct +ro ocyxart; +ro ornocnrcx x cnnnantno ncnxonornn
nnoson.
Mramo]ost nnunn n cxont noncct mt cmornn nsyunrt, n uacrnocrn, na
anantno +ornx, na nosyxnnxx ns ncrounnxon +ornno anantno sont n
tnn noaxnt rm, xaxo asnooasno ncnontsonann naxoxr +rn nnunnx.
osmoxno, nnrxo ocnoonrtcx or noonnxn nmnno +ro sont n noncc
asnnrnx. o+romy nosnonnm axamy (1924) nanomnnrt nam, uro anyc
+mnonornucxn coornrcrnyr nnonauantnomy ry, xorot cmcrnncx na
xonn nxmo xnmxn. an mt ysnam, uro c ocnnnnannm cocrnnnoro
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xana, +xcxmnron, +ror nncrnnxrnnnt nnrc nxonr or anantnoro
ncrounnxa na oxrt, xorot moryr anartcx n xaucrn noaxa. +ro
cnannnno, noromy uro xan tn nntm noaxom, xorot mor cnart
ryno mnann, ortnax ro or cx ns nmnn x yxaxnnamm sa nnm
xnmnn. antnmm, conmnno ananornuno nsmnnnm snaunn n asnnrnn
xstxa, +ror nxnn nnrc x xany nnamarcx n nnnnxarntnocrt sonora
n nr, a raxx cnococrnyr a]]xrnnnomy nanonnnnm nonxrn nox n
nnnc. o yxnnm ncx r, xorot onro nnxnnamrcx ronn
xnoaxn, nox oxarcx xax xycox xana ns nxmo xnmxn; ]xannx
xnnxrcx nooasom axra oxnnx. o n nnnc rox nmr cnoro
nmcrnnnnxa n cron xana, xorot sanonnxr n asaxar cnnsncrym
oonouxy nnyrnn croont nxmo xnmxn. cnn nox, xorx n noxorno,
no nc-raxn nnsnan, uro crt unonucxn cymcrna, xorot +rnm unnom
n onaamr, ro nnnc xaxrcx my um-ro ornxmtm or rna n nnorar
ncomnnnym ananornm c +xcxmnrom, xorot
tn nno rncno uacrtm, or xoroo nao tno orxasartcx. axnm
oasom, ontmax uacrt anantno +ornxn nnocnrcx na nnnc, no nnrc x
+ro uacrn rna, xom anantno-+ornucxoro, nmr, nnnmo, m on
momnt oantnt xont, rax xax nocn nxamnnx xomnnnx nnnc
nacnyr raxx xo-uro or cocxa ryn marnncxoro orana.
nosmoxno onnrnonartcx n ]anrasnxx, nnuyax, nosnnxammnx no nnnxnnm
ccosnarntnoro, n n xstx cnmnromon unonxa, cnn n snart +rnx rnyoxo
nxamnx cnxs. Kan - sonoro - noaox - nox - nnnc ntcrynamr sct
xax annosnaunt n ncrannxmrcx omnmn cnmnonamn. satnar raxx,
uro x mory cnart nam nnmt anxo n nonnt coomnnx. Mory nnannrt
nnmt ncxontst, uro noxnnxmmncx nosn nnrc x nnarannmy nmr n
ocnonnom anantno-+ornucxo noncxoxnn. 3ro nynnnrntno, rax xax
nnarannm, no yaunomy ntaxnnm y na-anom (1916), "nsxro nanoxar"
y nxmo xnmxn; n xnsnn romocxcyanncron, xorot n nomnn onnnno
uacrn cxcyantnoro asnnrnx, ono n ncrannno nxmo xnmxo.
cnonnnnxx uacro nosnnxar nommnn, xoroo antm tno nntm, a
rnt asnno crno nnn naooor. n +rom ncra nmrcx n nny
ornomnn nnarannma x nxmo xnmx. Mt moxm raxx ount xoomo
nocnnrt, xax y nymxn conmnno n xncrnnno xnann onaart
nnncom otuno nnamarcx n xnann nmrt nxa, a sarm n myxunny xax
nocnrnx nnnca n ammro nxa, rax uro n sct nnno, xax uacrt
nnonauantno anantno-+ornucxoro nnrca yuacrnyr n on nosn
rnnrantno orannsannn.
o nmx nsyunnx nrnnrantntx ]as nnno mt nnonn ncxontxo nont
nsrnx na ]omnonann xaaxra. Mt oarnnn nnnmann na rnay cnocrn,
xorot onontno uacro noxnnxmrcx nmcr: axxyarnocrt, xnnnocrt n
ynxmcrno, - n ns anannsa raxnx nm saxnmunnn, uro +rn cnocrna
oycnonnnt ncromnnm n nntm ncnontsonannm nx anantno +ornxn. axnm
oasom, xora mt nnnm raxo nnmuarntno connnn, mt rononm o
anantnom xaaxr, n onnnntm oasom nornnonocrannxm anantnt
xaaxr nasnnro anantno +ornx. oono, a moxr trt, n m on
rcno ornomnn naxonm mt mxy ucronmnm n yrantno +ornxo.
nmuarntnt namx na +ry cnxst mt m ns nrnt, cornacno xoroo
nxcan Maxoncxn onncx n ry x nout, xora nxn Iocrar ns xaxt
cnant noxr nsymnrntnt xam rmnt 3]ccxo. Moxr noxasartcx, uro
nnnm +ra cnxst tna nstsncrna! t nt snar, nacxontxo
mouncnycxann cnxsano c ornm n rymnnm ornx. Mt, xonuno, nnonaram,
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uro n yrn cnocrna xaaxra noontm x oasom onayxarcx n ocaxax
(Niederschlage), axrnnntx oasonannxx onnnntx nrnnrantntx
]omann nnno, no n moxm +roro noxa noxasart.
nt x camo nmx nnyrtcx x ncronn, a raxx x rm n cnona nsxrtcx
sa camt omn nonmt xnsnn nnunn. ocnon nam ronn nnno
cnauana nxano nornnonocrannnn nnunn n cxcyantntx nnunn. Kora
nosn mt nauann nsyuart camo n nonxnn ocnonno nnnnnn nannccnsma,
camo +ro asnnun norxno cnom nouny. xnx cnyuaxx moxno nnsnart,
uro r camo cx n xaucrn oxra, nr cx rax, xax yro ono
nnmnno n camo cx. rcma n sanmcrnonanno ns rucxo nrnt
nasnann - nannccnsm. o +ro nnmt xan nynnnunn nomantnoro
nonoxnnx nm. aunnamt nonnmart, uro xnnxrcx ncra ocnonntm
snyaom nnno, ns xorooro oxrt sanonnxmrcx
nnno n xya +ro nnno cnona nosnamarcx, n ro nmx xax ontmax ro
uacrt nocroxnno ntnar n . rax, nr cncranno nnamnn
-nnno n oxr-nnno n oxr-nnno n -nnno. o oa onn moryr n n
asnnuartcx no cno nno, rora n nmr cmtcna ornxrt +nrnm
onoro or +nrnn yroro, moxno onycrnrt nasnann nnno nnn noom
ynornxrt ro xax annosnauno ncnxnucxo +nrnn.
Mt nonro ocranannct na +ro roux snnx. uyncrnn xaxoro-ro
anraronnsma n amxax nncrnnxrnnno xnsnn cxoo namno yro, m on
sxo ntaxnn. Mn n xornoct t nsnarart nam, xax mt nocrnnno
noxonnn x +romy nonomy nonoxnnm n ronn nnunn; ono rox
ocnontnarcx rnanntm oasom na nonornucxnx anntx; x accxaxy nam o nm
xax o roronom syntrar. nonoxnm, uro crt na asnnuntx no cyrn nna
nnunn: cxcyantnt nnunnx, nonnmamt n mnoxom cmtcn. 3oc, cnn nt
nnounrar +ro nasnann, n arccnnnt nnunnx, nnt xorotx -
asymnn. raxom nn nt nx nn courr +ro sa nonocrt, +ro noxaxrcx
nam nontrxo rornucxn onaroonrt anantnym nornnononoxnocrt nmnn n
nnanncrn, xoroax, nosmoxno, connaar c ananornuno nonxnocrtm
nnrxxnnx - orranxnnannx, xoroym ]nsnxn nnonaramr cymcrnymm n
norannucxom mn(1). o nnmuarntno, uro nam nonoxnn mnornmn
nocnnnnmarcx xax nonocrt, nnum ount nxnarntnax nonocrt, xoroym
xax moxno cxo cnyr ycrannrt. nonaram, uro n +rom nnnxrnn
noxnnxrcx cnntnt a]-
- ---------------------------------------
(1) ontrxa ua oxcnnrt xaaxr nsanmoornomnn nm, nx nosnrnnnt
n nrarnnnt uyncrna (nmont n nnanncrt, cnmnarnn n anrnnarnn) no oasy
n noonm nnrxxnnx n orranxnnannx n ]nsnucxom mn xnnxrcx ryo
mxanncrnucxo, nonnocrtm nrnonymm cnooasn n orarcrno
+monnonantno c]t nnunocrn n ornomnn x yrnm nmxm.
nox, naxy c cxcyantntm nnunnm, n xaucrn ocnonno noynrntno
cnnt nonnnx nm nncrnnxr arccnn, u nnmn x noxntm ntnoam o
nnunnax nnuntx n connantntx xon]nnxron, o ncrounnxax non, acono
nnanncrn n yrnx anrnrymanntx xnnnn, nmmmnx n crnnrntnocrn
omcrnnno-ncronucxn nnunnt.
3rn nonoxnnx ua cnnrntcrnymr o ro nonornsarocxom noxo x
mornnannn unonucxoro nonnnx, o nrnononannn sanncnmocrn or
ycnannamtx nnunocrtm nancrnnntx nom.
]xrnnnt ]axro. oumy nam nonaonnoct rax mnoro nmnn, urot
mnrtcx nnsnart cymcrnonann crmnnnx x arccnn, noumy ounnnt n
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omnsncrnt ]axrt n ncnontsonart s nomnnnx nx ronn? cnn
nnnncart raxo nncrnnxr xnnorntm, ro nx nn +ro ncrrnr conornnnnn.
o nxnmunrt ro n unonucxym xoncrnrynnm xaxrcx ]nnontntm: cnnmxom
mnornm nnrnosntm nnoctnxam n connantntm ycnonnocrxm +ro nornnounr.
r, unonx onxn trt no cno nno otm nnn, no xan m,
ooymntm. cnn x on nnora n noxnnxr cx rytm, xcroxnm
nacnntnnxom, ro +ro nmnnt sarmnnnx n ro +monnonantno xnsnn, uacro
cnononnonannt, nosmoxno, nnmt cncrnn nnncooasnoro omcrnnnoro
ycrocrna, n xoroom on o cnx no naxonncx.
o, o um noncrnyr nam ncronx n uro nam camnm onnoct nxnrt, x
coxannnm, n nornxar cxasanno, a cxo noxnnxr cyxnn o rom,
uro na n "oory" unonucxo naryt xnnxrcx ono ns camtx xymnx
nnnmsn, or xorotx unonx oxnar ynyumnnx n onrunnx cno xnsnn, n
ro nmx xax n crnnrntnocrn onn nanocxr rontxo n. r nyxt
noonxart +ry nonmnxy, no n rontxo yoxn nc-
ronn n xnsnnnt ontr ronoxr n nontsy namro nnonoxnnx, uro n
unonx ranrcx ocot nncrnnxr - arccnn n asymnnx, +ro nornxamr
n omn accyxnnx, x xorotm nac nnnno nnsnann ]nomnon cansma n
masoxnsma. t snar, uro mt nastnam cxcyantno yonnrnonn cansmom,
cnn ono cnxsano c ycnonnm, uro cxcyantnt oxr ncntrtnar ont,
ncrxsannx n ynnxnnx, n masoxnsmom, xora nmrcx nornocrt camomy trt
oxrom ncrxsannx. t snar raxx, uro onnnnax nnmct +rnx oonx
crmnnn nxnmuarcx n n nomantnt cxcyantnt ornomnnx n uro mt
nastnam nx nsnamnnxmn, cnn onn orrcnxmr nc noun cxcyantnt nnn,
cranx na nx mcro cnon cocrnnnt. na nn or nac ycxontsnyno ro, uro
cansm nmr on nnrnmno ornomnn x myxcrnnnocrn, a masoxnsm x
xncrnnnocrn, xax yro sct nmrcx xaxo-ro rano ocrno, xorx x
casy x onxn nam cxasart, uro antm n +rom nonoc mt n nonnnynnct.
a onn - cansm n masoxnsm - xnnxmrcx nx ronn nnno nctma
saraountmn ]nomnamn, oconno masoxnsm, n nnonn n noxx nm, xora
ro, uro nx ono ronn tno xamnm nrxnonnnx, onxno crart nx
yro, samnxmm, xayrontntm xamnm.
rax, mt cunram, uro n cansm n masoxnsm mt nmm na samuarntntx
nnma cnnxnnx oonx nnon nnunn. 3oca n arccnn; nnonoxnm x
rnt, uro +ro ornomnn xnnxrcx nnmom roro, uro nc nncrnnxrnnnt
noyxnnx, xorot mt moxm nsyunrt, cocroxr ns raxnx cmc nnn cnnanon
oonx nnon nnunn. Konuno, n camtx asnooasntx coornomnnxx. n
+rom +ornucxn nnunnx xax t nnoxr n cmct mnorooasn cnonx
cxcyantntx nn, n ro nmx xax yrn onycxamr cmxrunnx n raannn
cno onooasno rnnnnn. 3rnm nnonoxnnm mt orxtnam ncnxrnny
nx nccno-
nann, xorot xora-nnyt nnoryr ontmo snaunn nx nonnmannx
naronornucxnx nonccon. t cmcn moryr rox acnaartcx, n raxo
acna moxr nmrt camt rxxnt nocncrnnx nx ]ynxnnn. o +rn nsrnxt
m cnnmxom nont, nnxro o cnx no n ntrancx ncnontsonart nx n aor.
nmcx x ocoo nonm, xoroym orxtnar nam masoxnsm. cnn mt na
nmx n ym nnnnmart no nnnmann ro +ornucxn xomnonnr, ro on
yr nx nac yuarntcrnom cymcrnonannx crmnnnx, nmmmro nntm
camoasymnn. cnn n nx nnunnx x asymnnm nno ro, uro - sct
mt ontm nmm n nny xo, ncm nnunocrt - nnonauantno nxnmuar n cx
nc nncrnnxrnnnt noyxnnx, ro nonyuarcx, uro masoxnsm cram cansma,
cansm x xnnxrcx nanannnntm nonn nnunnm x asymnnm, xoroo,
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raxnm oasom, nnorar arccnnnt xaaxr. xontxo-ro or
nnonauantnoro nnunnx x asymnnm ocrarcx m nnyrn; xaxrcx, uro mt
moxm ro nocnnnxrt nnmt nn +rnx nyx ycnonnxx - cnn ono connxrcx c
+ornucxnmn nnunnxmn n masoxnsm nnn cnn ono xax arccnx nanannno
nornn nnmnro mna - c ontmnm nnn mntmnm +ornucxnm oannnnm.
anamnnarcx mtcnt o snaunmocrn nnosmoxnocrn narn yonnrnonn
arccnn no nnmnm mn, rax xax ona naranxnnarcx na antnt
nnxrcrnnx. ora ona, nosmoxno, orcrynnr nasa, ynnnunn cnny
rocnocrnymmro nnyrn camoasymnnx. Mt m ynnnm, uro +ro noncxonr
crnnrntno rax n nacxontxo naxn +ror nonoc. nammax ntxoa
arccnx moxr osnauart rxxno nonxnn; nc ntrnxnr rax, xax yro
nyxno asymnrt yro n yrnx, urot n asymnrt camoro cx, urot
oranrt cx or crmnnnx x camoasymnnm. oncrnn nuantno orxtrn
nx moanncra!
o moanncr m onro yr yrmartcx nnoxrnocrtm namnx ymosaxnmunn.
ranno crmnnn sannmartcx asymnnm cnoro cocrnnnoro
orannucxoro onrannma! ana, no+rt ronoxr o raxnx nmax, no no+rt
nao sornrcrnnnt, nontsymmncx cnonmn nnnnnrnxmn. ocrnnno
ronox, noont ncrannnnx n uyxt n ]nsnonornn, nannm, cnnsncrax
oonouxa xnyxa, xoroax cama cx nnannar. o cnyr nnsnart, uro
nam nnunn x camoasymnnm nyxarcx n on mnoxo noxx. t
nntsx x mnrtcx na raxo anxo nym nnonoxnn rontxo noromy, uro
ncxontxo ntx rnynnon cnxstnamr cno cxcyantno yonnrnonn c
notuntm ycnonnm. nonaram, uro yrnynnno nsyunn nnunn acr nam
ro, uro nyxno. nunnx ynannxmr n rontxo ncnxnucxo, no n nrrarnnno
xnsntm, n +rn orannucxn nnunnx onayxnnamr xaaxrnym ury,
xoroax sacnyxnnar namro camoro nncrantnoro nnnmannx. rom, xnnxrcx
nn +ro omnm xaaxrom nnunn, mt cmoxm cynrt nnmt nosx. nn
ntcrynamr nmnno xax crmnnn noccranonnrt on ann cocroxnn. Mt
moxm nnonoxnrt, uro c momnra, xora ocrnrnyro onaxt cocroxnn
naymarcx, nosnnxar crmnnn cosart ro cnona, oxax ]nomnt,
xorot mt moxm nasnart "nanxsunntm nonronnm*. ax, oasonann n
asnnrn +mnonon xnnxrcx cnnomntm nanxsunntm nonronnm; y xa
xnnorntx mnoxo acnocranna cnoconocrt noccranannnnart yraunnt
orant, n nncrnnxr camonunnx, xoroomy mt ncxxn as oxsant namnm
ntsoonnnnm naxy c rannrnucxo nomomtm, - +ro, onxno trt,
ocrarox +ro rax nnnxonnno asnnro cnoconocrn y nnsmnx xnnorntx.
cronax mnrannx t, nosmoxno, n nnrt nrnn, a moxr trt, n nc,
uro y xnnorntx mt nastnam noxnnnnm nncrnnxra, noncxonr no
crnnm nanxsunnoro nonronnx, n xoroom ntaxarcx xoncnarnnnax
nnoa nncrnnxron. n ncnxnx nam n nnrcx onro ncxart noxnnnn
roro x camoro. Mt oamann nnnmann na ro, uro satrt n ntrcnnnt
nxnnannx annro rcrna no nmx anannrnucxo aort nocnonsnoxrcx
n cnonnnnxx n axnnxx, n uacrnocrn n axnnxx nncnnx, xorx nx
nosoxnn n nornnounr nnnnnny yonontcrnnx, n mt ann oxcnnn,
uro n +rnx cnyuaxx nanxsunno nonronn nonaar ax na nnnnnnom
yonontcrnnx. oono moxno nanmart n nn anannsa. crt nmn, xorot n
cno xnsnn s nonanox nonroxmr ncra nmnno r axnnn, xorot nm no
n, nnn xorotx, xaxrcx, ncnyr nymonnmax cyta, n ro nmx xax
on rouno nccnonann noxastnar, uro onn, camn roro n snax, roronxr
c +ry cyty. ora mt nnnnctnam nanxsunnomy nonronnm monnucxn
xaaxr.
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o uro x moxr art +ra xoncnarnnnax ura nncrnnxron nx nonnmannx
namro camoasymnnx? Kaxo on ann cocroxnn xorn t noccranonnrt
raxo nncrnnxr? ax nor, ornr nnsox, on orxtnar mnoxn ncnxrnnt.
cnn nana ro, uro n nsanamxrnt nmna n nnocrnxnmtm oasom onaxt
ns nxnno marnn onnact xnsnt, ro cornacno nammy nnonoxnnm rora
nosnnxno nnunn, xoroo crmnrcx nnont ynnuroxnrt xnsnt n noccranonnrt
norannucxo cocroxnn. cnn mt n +rom nnunnn x camoasymnnm ynnnm
nornxnn nam rnnorst, ro mt moxm cunrart ro ntaxnnm nnunnx
x cmrn (odestrie), xoroo n moxr n oxastnart cnoro nnnxnnx n
noncc xnsnn. rnt asnnm nnunnx, o xorotx mt rononm, na n
rynnt: +ornucxn, xorot crmxrcx nnncrn nc m xnnym cycrannnm n
ontm nncrno, n
nnunnx x cmrn, xorot nornnocroxr +romy crmnnnm n nnnoxr xnno
x norannucxomy cocroxnnm. s nsanmocrnnx n ott oonx n nosnnxamr
xnnnnx xnsnn, xorotm cmrt xnar xonn.
osmoxno, nt cxaxr, noxnmax nnuamn: +ro n crcrnnnax nayxa, +ro
]nnoco]nx onnray+a. o noumy, ynaxamt amt n rocnoa, cmnt ym n
mor yraart ro, uro sarm nornnno rsno n nyno rantno
nccnonann? raxom cnyua nc yx xora-ro tno onaxt cxasano, n o
onnray+a rononnn mnoro noxoxro. sarm, ro, uro mt rononm, n
concm onnray+. Mt n yrnxam, uro cmrt crt nncrnnnax nnt
xnsnn; mt n nrnonym n nnnom cmrn xnsnt. Mt nnsnam na ocnonntx
nnunnx n nnnnctnam xaxomy ro cocrnnnym nnt. Kax nnnramrcx oa
n xnsnnnom noncc, xax nnunn x cmrn ncnontsyrcx nx nn 3oca,
oconno n ro nanannnnocrn no nnmnn mn n ]om arccnn, - nc +ro
saaun yymnx nccnonann. Mt n nom antm ro onacrn, r nam
orxtnact +ra rouxa snnx. axx n nonoc, n ncm nn s ncxnmunnx
nnunnxm nncym xoncnarnnnt xaaxr, n crmxrcx nn n +ornucxn
nnunnx noccranonnrt nxn cocroxnn, xora onn cnnrsnymr xnno nx
ocrnxnnx cocroxnnx ontmro nncrna, mt ocrannm s ornra.
Mt nmnoro orannnnct or nam ocnonno rmt. Xouy nam ononnnrntno
coomnrt, xaxon tn ncxont nynxr +rnx asmtmnnn o ronn nnunn. or
x camt, xorot nnnn nac x ncmory ornomnnx mxy n
ccosnarntntm, a nmnno nosnnxanm nn anannrnucxo aor
nnuarnnn, uro nannnr, oxastnammn conornnnnn, sauacrym nnuro n
snar o +rom conornnnnnn. o ccosnarntntm nx nro xnnxrcx n
rontxo ]axr conornnnnnx, no n ro
mornnt. Mt onxnt tnn nccnonart +rn mornnt nnn +ror mornn n namnn ro,
x nammy ynnnnnm, n cnntno nornocrn n naxasannn, xoroym mt mornn
orncrn rontxo x masoxncrcxnm xnannxm. axrnucxo snaunn +roro
orxtrnx n ycrynar rornucxomy, noromy uro +ra nornocrt n
naxasannn xnnxrcx snmnm narom namnx rannrnucxnx ycnnn. na
yonnrnoxrcx craannm, cnxsanntm c nnosom, n no+romy nnnxrcx sa
onsnnno cocroxnn. Kaxrcx, uro +ror ]axro, ccosnarntnax
nornocrt n naxasannn, yuacrnyr n xaxom nnornucxom saonnannn.
conno ynrntnt n +rom ornomnnn cnyuan, n xorotx nnornucxo
craann moxr trt samnno yrnm. Xouy nnncrn nam onn raxo nnm.
naxt mn yanoct ocnoonrt ony nmonoym ny or xomnnxca cnmnromon,
xorot n runn nnmno nxrnanarn nr oxan na myunrntno
cymcrnonann n ncxnmuan ns yuacrnx n xnsnn. ouyncrnonan cx soono,
ona c ronono ymna n ynym xrntnocrt, anax nonm cnonm nmantm
rananram n xnax onrtcx xort nontmoro nnsnannx, yonontcrnnx n
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ycnxa. o xaxax ns nontrox xonuanact rm, uro anann nonxrt nnn
ona cama nonnmana, uro cnnmxom craa nx roro, urot uro-ro ocrnut n
+ro onacrn. ocn xaxo raxo nyaun cnonano t oxnart nnnna
onsnn, no n na +ro ona yx tna ncnocona, nmcro +roro c n xaxt
as noncxonnn ncuacrnt cnyuan, xorot na xaxo-ro nmx ntnonnn
ns crox n sacrannxnn craart. na naana n nonoaunnana nory nnn
nonxana xonno, a cnn nana xaxym-nnyt aory, ro uro-ro cnyuanoct
c yxo; xora nnnmann tno oamno na cocrnnno yuacrn n +rnx
xaxymnxcx cnyuanocrxx, ona nsmnnna, rax cxasart, cnom rxnnxy. o raxnm
x nonoam nmcro ncuacrntx cnyuan nosnn-
xann nrxn saonnannx: xarat, anrnnt, rnnnosnt cocroxnnx,
nmarnucxn nnnyxannx, noxa naxonn orxas or antnmnx nononsnonnn,
na xorot ona mnnact, n noxonunn co ncm +rnm nanaxnnm.
rnocnrntno noncxoxnnx +ro ccosnarntno nornocrn naxasannx, mt
nonaram, nr nnxaxnx comnnn. na nr cx xax uacrt concrn, xax
noonxnn nam concrn n ccosnarntnom, ona nmr ro x
noncxoxnn, uro n concrt, r. . coornrcrnyr uacrn arccnn, xoroax
ymna nonnyrt n nnnxra nx-. cnn t rontxo cnona nyum noxonnn yr
x yry, ro nx naxrnucxoro ynornnnx tno t onananno nasnart
"ccosnarntntm uyncrnom nnnt". naxo c rornucxo rouxn snnx mt
comnnamcx, cnyr nn nnonarart, uro ncx nosnamnnax ns nnmnro
mna arccnx cnxsana nx- n oamna rm camtm nornn nnn uro uacrt
ocymcrnnxr cnom ranym snonmym xrntnocrt n n no xax cnoono
nnunn x asymnnm. axo asnnn on noxrno, no ontm mt
nnuro o +rom n snam. n nnom nxnmunnn nx- nx o]omnnnx +ro
nncrannnn, sycnonno, ncnontsyrcx ra uacrt arccnn nornn onrn,
xoroo nox ncncrnn ]nxcannn nmnn, a raxx nnmnnx rynocr n
cmor art ntxoa nayxy, n no+romy crorocrt nx- n onxna nxmo
coornrcrnonart crorocrn nocnnrannx. nonn nosmoxno, uro antnmn
nonot x noannnnm arccnn nonyr nnunn rm x nyrm, xorot
orxtncx my n ror mammn momnr.
nna, y xorotx +ro ccosnarntno uyncrno nnnt usmno, ntamr cx
nn anannrnucxom nunnn cront nnnxrno c nornocrnucxo rouxn snnx
ornnarntno axnn na rannm. cnn nm coomnnn o ocnannnn
cnmnroma, sa xorotm otuno
onxno nocnonart, no xan m, ro nmnno ncusnonnn, ro y nnx,
nanornn, nacrynar nmnnno ycnnnn cnmnroma n craannx. acro
tnar ocrarouno noxnannrt nx nonnn nn nunnn, cxasart ncxontxo
onaxnnammnx cnon o ycnmnocrn anannsa, urot ntsnart xnno yxymnn
nx cocroxnnx. anannrnx cxasan t, uro sct nocrar "nonn x
ntsoonnnnm"; nnxnnaxct anannrnucxoro oasa mtmnnnx, nt ynnnr n
+rom noxnnnn ccosnarntnoro uyncrna nnnt, xoroo xax as n
ycrannar onsnt c craannxmn n ctnamn. onmt, xorot ntnnnyno
ccosnarntno uyncrno nnnt, ro ornomnnx x moann, narornx,
ncrynnocrn n cnnsonocrn xnnxmrcx n nacroxm nmx nnournrntno
onacrtm nx aort ncnxoanannrnxon.
3ct mt noxnanno ntnamcx ns nncnon ncnxnxn n mnoxo orxtrt
mn. antm ncrn nac x n mory, no na ono mtcnn nc x saxyct,
nx um nocrnrtcx c namn na +ror as. V nac nomno n nnntuxy rononrt,
uro nama xyntrya nocrona sa cur cxcyantntx nnunn, xorot
cxnnamrcx omcrnom, uacrnuno ntrcnxmrcx, a uacrnuno ncnontsymrcx nx
nontx nn. ax nn nc roocrn sa namn xyntrynt ocrnxnnx mt
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nnsnam, uro nam nnrxo ntnonnxrt ronannx +ro xyntryt, xoomo
uyncrnonart cx n n, noromy uro nanoxnnt na namn nnunnx orannunnx
rxxxnm mnm noxarcx na ncnxnxy. nor ro, uro mt ysnann ornocnrntno
cxcyantntx nnunn, n anno m, a moxr trt, ax n n ontm
crnnn oxastnarcx crnnrntntm nx yrnx, arccnnntx crmnnn. nn
ntcrynamr nx ncro rm, uro ocnoxnxr conmcrnym xnsnt nm n
yroxar noonxnnm; orannunn cno arccnn xnnxrcx nno,
nosmoxno, camo ctsno xrno, xoroym omcrno ryr or
nnnnnyyma. Mt ysnann, xaxnm nsorarntntm cnoco-
om ocymcrnnxrcx +ro yxomnn cronrnnoro. crnn ncrynar nx-,
xoroo onnanar arccnnntmn noyxnnxmn, xax t nnox oxxynannonnt
nocxa n roo, roront x mxrxy. o c yro croont, accmarnnax nonoc
uncro ncnxonornucxn, cnyr nnsnart, uro uyncrnyr cx n ount-ro
xoomo, xora ro raxnm oasom nnnocxr n xrny nornocrxm omcrna n
ono ntnyxno nounnxrtcx asymnrntntm namnnxm arccnn, xoroym camo
oxorno nycrnno t n xo nornn yrnx. 3ro xax t acnocrannn na
onacrt ncnxnucxoro ro nnmmt - nno cmt cam, nno cxr rx, -
xoroax nanr n orannucxom xnnom mn. K cuacrtm, arccnnnt nnunnx
nnxora n cymcrnymr camn no c, no ncra conxxnt c +ornucxnmn.
3rn nocnnn n ycnonnxx cosanno unonxom xyntryt moryr mnoro
cmxrunrt n nornarnrt.
H KH
ncrnnnocrt
Vnaxamt amt n rocnoa! c +ro nmx, noxa x roronnncx x cam c
namn, x ooncx c nnyrnnnm sarynnnm. uyncrnonan cx n nxoroo
crnnn nynnntm n cno nanor. crnnrntno, sa nxrnanart nr
ncnxoananns nsmnnncx n oorarnncx, no nc-raxn nnnn n ncnxoananns
morno t ocrartcx s nsmnnn n ononnnn. Mn nc nmx xaxrcx, uro
annt nxnnn n nmmr nana na cymcrnonann. nannrnxam x ronom cnnmxom
mano n n omm nnuro nonoro, nam x cnnmxom mnoro n o raxnx nmax, x
nonnmannm xorotx nt n nororonnnt n xorot nnoccrnnno x nam n
ornocxrcx. ncxan onanann n nx xaxo orntno nxnnn xorn narn
cno oocnonann. nax, o ronn cnonnnn, onxna tna casy norysnrt
nac n camym rymy anannrnucxo armoc]t n noxasart, xaxnmn ycrounntmn
oxasannct namn nossnnx. o nroo, xoroax nocnxnnar nyrn or
cnonnnnx x rax nastnamomy oxxyntrnsmy, mnx nnnnxana nosmoxnocrt
cnoono ntcxasartcx n ro onacrn, r yxnnx, nonnt naccyxon,
naranxnnamrcx cronx na cracrno conornnnnn, n x cmn naxrtcx, uro
nt, nocnnrannt na nnm ncnxoanannsa n yx rnnmocrn, n
orxaxrct cononoxart mnx n +rom +xcxyc. rrt nxnnn(1), o
asnnnn nnunocrn, tnn ntnnnyrt, sycnonno, camt sxn nx nac
(nacrontxo cnooasno nx coxann) nnonoxnnx, no x cun nnosmoxntm
cxtrt or nac +ror nnt noxo x ncnxonornn , n cnn t mt nmnn ro
nxrnanart nr nasa, x onxn tn t yx rora ynomxnyrt o nm.
naxonn, n nocnn nxnnn, na xoroo nt, noxrno, cnnnn sa mno c
ontmnm ryom, tnn nncnt noxonmt nonanxn, cnana nontrxa art
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nont mnnx camtx naxntx saraox, n mo nnnn tno t nnnnm n
sanyxnnx, cnn t x ymonuan o +rom. Kax nnnr, cnn nnnnnmamt
nontrxy nsnnnnrtcx sa uro-ro, +ro cnonrcx n xonn xonnon x nnsnannm
roro, uro nc tno nnsxno, nc nonnno.
noxoxmct, nomy n nac cnart ro x camo. ronxmnxx nxnnx rox
morna t n norn no nnnn, no ona acr nam nnm noono
anannrnucxo aort, n x xomnym n nyx ornomnnxx. n nr
nnuro, xom nanmnn ]axron nourn s ncxxnx ymosaxnmunn, no rma
moxr sannrconart nac, xax nnxaxax yrax. a saraxo xncrnnnocrn
mnoro mynno ronon ncx nmn:
Ionon n xonnaxax c nornn]amn,
Ionon n uanmax n untx, c ntxmn, manxax,
Ionon n nanxax n rtcxun rtcxu yrnx
Ionon unonucxnx, xanxnx, ccnntntx...
I. In. nno mo.
(no M. Mnxanona)
- ---------------------------------------
* mrcx n nny 31-x nxnnx (xoroax xnnxrcx rrt n "nnoxnnn
nxnn").
am rox n uyxt +rn asmtmnnnx, nocxontxy nt myxunnt; or xnmnn x,
nncyrcrnymmnx cn nac, +roro xart n nnxonrcx, onn camn xnnxmrcx
+ro saraxo. Myxunna nnn xnmnna - nor nno, uro nt asnnuar,
ncruaxct c yrnm unonucxnm cymcrnom, n nnntuno nar +ro c
ynnnocrtm n s asymn. naromnucxax nayxa asnxr namy
ynnnocrt nnmt n onom nynxr. Myxcxo - +ro myxcxo nonono noyxr,
cnmaroson n ro nocnrnt, xncxo - xno n orannsm, xorot saxnmuar
ro n c. V oonx nonon oasonannct orant, cnyxamn ncxnmunrntno
nonontm ]ynxnnxm, asnnnmncx, noxrno, ns onoro n roro x
nacnonoxnnx n n asnnunt ]omt. Kom roro, y rx n yrnx noun
orant, ]oma rna n rxann onayxnnamr nnnxnn nona, no ono nnocroxnno,
n ro macmra nsmnunn, +ro rax nastnamt nronunt nonont nnsnaxn.
an nayxa rononr nam nuro, uro nornnounr namnm oxnannxm n uro,
noxrno, cnocono cmyrnrt namn uyncrna. na oamar nam nnnmann na ro,
uro n n rn xnmnnt nncyrcrnymr uacrn myxcxoro nononoro annaara, xorx n
n ynmnranom cocroxnnn, n ro x camo nmr mcro n oarnom cnyua.
na nnnr n +rom xnnnnn nnsnax nynonocrn, ncxcyantnocrn, xax yro
nnnnnyym xnnxrcx n myxunno nnn xnmnno, a ncxxn as n rm n yrnm,
rontxo onnm n ontm crnnn, a yrnm n mntm.
3arm nam nnrcx ocnonrtcx c mtcntm, uro coornomnn myxcxoro n
xncxoro, courammrocx n orntnom nnnnnyym, nonxno nctma
snaunrntntm xonannxm. o nocxontxy, ncmorx na nctma xn cnyuan, y
xaxoro nnnnnyyma nannucrnymr nno r, nno yrn nonont noyxrt -
xnxnrxn nnn cnmarosont, - nt, onxno trt, ycomnnrct n mammm
snaunnn +rnx +nmnron n cnar nt-
no, uro ro, ns uro cocrannxrcx myxcrnnnocrt nnn xncrnnnocrt,
nnsncrnoro xaaxra, xorot anaromnx n moxr acnosnart.
Moxr trt, +ro cymr cnart ncnxonornx? Mt nnntxnn accmarnnart
myxcxo n xncxo n xax ncnxnucxn xaucrna, nnocx nonxrn
ncxcyantnocrn raxx n n ymnnym xnsnt. axnm oasom, mt rononm, uro
unonx, yyun camnom nnn camxo, n onom cnyua nr cx no-myxcxn, a
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n yrom - no-xncxn. o nt cxoo nomr, uro +ro nnmt ycrynxa anaromnn n
ycnonnocrxm. t n cmoxr art nonxrnxm "myxcxo" n "xncxo" nnxaxoro
nonoro coxannx. 3ro n ncnxonornucxo asnnun, xora nt rononr, uro
myxcxo, xax nannno, nnonarar "axrnnno", a xncxo - "naccnnno".
annntno, raxax cnxst crnnrntno cymcrnyr. Myxcxax nononax xnrxa
axrnnno nnxrcx, ortcxnnar xncxym, a nocnnxx, xno, nnonnxno,
naccnnno xr. 3ro nonnn +nmnrantx nonontx orannsmon - oasn
nonnnx nonontx narnon nn nonontx cnomnnxx. amn ncnyr camxy
c nntm conoxynnnnx, nanaar na n, nonnxar n n. o nmnno
ncnxonornucxn nt, raxnm oasom, cnnn oconnocrn myxcxoro x ]axroy
arccnn. t yr comnnartcx, yanoct nn nam rm camtm ynonnrt uro-ro
cymcrnnno, cnn nnmr no nnnmann ro, uro n nxorotx xnaccax
xnnorntx camxn xnnxmrcx on cnntntmn n arccnnntmn, camnt x axrnnnt
rontxo nn axr conoxynnnnx. ax noncxonr, nannm, y nayxon, n
]ynxnnn ntcnxnnannx n ntamnnannx noromcrna, xaxymncx nam raxnmn
ncxnmunrntno xncxnmn, y xnnorntx n ncra cnxsant c xncxnm nonom. V
nctma ntcoxoasnnrtx nnon mt nanmam yuacrn oonx nonon n yxo sa
noromcrnom nnn ax ro, uro camn onn nocnxmar cx +ro saau, a n n
onacrn cxcyantno xnsnn unonxa nryno
samrnrt, nacxontxo nocrarouno xaaxrnsonart myxcxo nonnn
axrnnnocrtm, a xncxo naccnnnocrtm. Mart n nmom cmtcn axrnnna no
ornomnnm x nxy, ax o axr cocannx nt moxr c onnaxontm ycnxom
cxasart: ona xomnr nxa rytm nnn ona ar nxy cocart cnom ryt.
m an sarm nt ntr sa rannnt ysxo onacrn cxcyantnoro, rm
xcn noxnnrcx "omnxa nanoxnnx". nmnnt n cocroxnnn asnnnart ontmym
axrnnnocrt n asntx nanannnnxx, myxunnt n moryr xnrt nmcr c c
noontmn, cnn y nnx n asnnra n ntcoxo crnnn naccnnnax ycrynunnocrt.
cnn nt rnt cxaxr, uro +rn ]axrt xax as oxastnamr, uro myxunnt, xax
n xnmnnt, n ncnxonornucxom cmtcn ncxcyantnt, ro orcma x cnam
ntno, uro no cx nt mnnn nnsnart coornrcrnn "axrnnnoro"
"myxcxomy", a "naccnnnoro" "xncxomy". o nart +roro x nam n conrym.
Mn xaxrcx +ro nnncooasntm n n ammnm nnuro nonoro n
nosnanarntnom ornomnnn.
Moxno tno t nontrartcx oxaaxrnsonart xncrnnnocrt ncnxonornucxn xax
nnournn naccnnntx nn. 3ro, xonuno, n ro x camo, uro
naccnnnocrt: nx roro urot ocymcrnnrt naccnnnym nnt, moxr nonaonrtcx
ontmax sarara axrnnnocrn. osmoxno, no ocronr raxnm oasom, uro y
xnmnnt nn ntnonnnnn cxcyantno ]ynxnnn nonaann naccnnnoro
nonnnx n naccnnntx nnycrmnnn uacrnuno acnocranxrcx ncxontxo
antm n xnsnt, on nnn mn anxo, n sanncnmocrn or roro, nacxontxo
rannnt cxcyantno xnsnn cyxnt nnn acmnnt. o nn +rom mt onxnt
oarnrt nnnmann na nonycrnmocrt noonnxn nnnxnnx connantntx ycron,
xorot xax t saronxmr xnmnny n cnryannn naccnnnocrn. c +ro m n
concm xcno.
naxo n ym satnart o oconno nouno cnxsn mxy xncrnnnocrtm n
nonono xnsntm. nncanno xnmnn xoncrnrynnonantno n nanaramo na n
connantno noannnn cno arccnn cnococrnyr oasonannm cnntntx
masoxncrcxnx noyxnn, xorotm nc-raxn yarcx +ornucxn noannrt
nanannnnt nnyrt asymnrntnt rnnnnn. rax, masoxnsm, uro
nastnarcx, noncrnn xncxo nsnamnn. o cnn nt ncrrnr masoxnsm y
myxunn, uro tnar onontno uacro, ro uro x ocrarcx cxasart, xom roro,
uro +rnm myxunnam cnocrnnnt nctma orurnnnt xncxn urt?
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or nt yx n nororonnnt x romy, uro n ncnxonornx n mnr rant
xncrnnnocrn. asxcnnn +roro nonoca onxno nnrn, nnnmo, ns
xaxoro-ro yroro ncrounnxa, n ono n nnr o rx no, noxa mt n
ysnam, xax noom nosnnxno nnn xnntx cymcrn na na nona. Mt nnuro
n snam o +rom, a nt nynonocrt xnnxrcx raxnm orurnnntm nnsnaxom
orannucxo xnsnn, xorotm ona cront sxo ornnuarcx or nxnno nnot.
mxy rm unonucxn nnnnnyymt, xorot naroax nannunm xncxnx
nonontx oranon xaaxrnsymrcx xax xnno nnn nnmymcrnnno xncxn, amr
nmano marnana nx nccnonannx. coornrcrnnn co cno cnnn]nxo
ncnxoananns n namn onnctnart, uro raxo xnmnna, - +ro tno t nx
nro na nn asmnmo saau, - a on nccnyr, xax ona m cranonnrcx,
xax asnnnarcx xnmnna ns nacnonoxnnoro x ncxcyantnocrn nxa.
3a nocnn nmx mt xo-uro ysnann o +rom naroax romy
ocroxrntcrny, uro ncxontxo samuarntntx xnmnn - namnx xonnr no
ncnxoanannsy - nauann asaartnart +ry nonmy. ncxyccnx o +rom
nnona ocoym nnnnxarntnocrt ns-sa asnnunx nonon, noromy uro xaxt
as, xora cannnn oxastnanoct xax yro t n n nontsy nx nona, namn
amt noosnann nac, anannrnxon-myxunn, n rom, uro mt, n noonn
onnnntx, rnyoxo yxonnnmnxcx nyxnn nornn xncrnnnocrn,
tnn nncracrnt n cnonx nccnonannxx. a noun ncxcyantnocrn nam,
nanornn, tno nrxo nsxart nmo nnxnnnocrn. yxno tno rontxo
cxasart: +ro x nam n ornocnrcx. t - ncxnmunn, na +ror as n nac ontm
myxcxoro, um xncxoro.
cnonx nccnonannxx asnnrnx xncxo cxcyantnocrn mt rox onnamcx na
na nnonoxnnx: nno saxnmuarcx n rom, uro n sct xoncrnrynnx n
s conornnnnnx nounnxrcx ]ynxnnn. roo rnacnr, uro mammn
nmnt nororannnnamrcx nnn conmamrcx yx o nacrynnnnx nonono
snocrn. a nnonoxnnx nryno nornnrt. 3arm cannnn c
asnnrnm mantunxa rononr nam, uro nnamnn manntxo nouxn n
nomantnym xnmnny noncxonr ryn n cnoxn, nocxontxy ono nxnmuar n
cx na n saaun ontm, n +rnm saauam nr coornrcrnnx n asnnrnn
myxunnt. ocnnm +ry naannnt c camoro nauana. Konuno, cama
marnantnax asa y mantunxa n y nouxn asnnuna; urot +ro ycranonnrt,
n nyxno nnxaxoro ncnxoanannsa. asnnun n ]omnonannn nonontx oranon
cononoxarcx yrnmn ]nsnucxnmn ornnunxmn, xorot cnnmxom xoomo
nsncrnt, urot o nnx rononrt, cryxry cxnonnocr rox noxnnxmrcx
n]]nnnannn, xorot nosnonxmr nouyncrnonart yymym cymnocrt xnmnnt.
Manntxax nouxa, xax nannno, mn arccnnna, ynxma n +ronnrnuna.
n, no-nnnmomy, ontm nornocrn n nxnocrn, no+romy ona on
sanncnma n nocnymna. o, uro nru n tcr moxno nayunrt ynannxrt
cnonmn +xcxrontmn
]ynxnnxmn, noxrno, crt nnmt cncrnn +ro nocnymnocrn; moua n cryn
xnnxmrcx nntmn noaxamn, xorot nox nar yxaxnnammnm sa nnm
nnnam, a ynannnn nmn - nno ycrynxo, na xoroym ntnyxnno nr
nncrnnxrnnnax xnsnt nxa. osarcx nnuarnnn, uro manntxax nouxa
nnrnnnrnrn, xnn mantunxa rx x nr, ona ontm nr nancruy
nnmnmy mny, n ro x nmx y n on cnntnax nnnxsannocrt x oxram.
snam, nornxarcx nn +ro onxnn asnnrnx rountmn anntmn, no
ncxxom cnyua ycranonnno, uro nouxy nntsx nasnart nnrnnxryantno
orcrano. o +rn nonont asnnunx moxno n nnnnmart no nnnmann, onn
moryr trt yannonmnt nnnnnyantntmn nanannxmn. nx nn, xorot mt
n nacroxmn momnr ncnym, nmn moxno nnut.
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annn ]ast asnnrnx nnno oa nona noxoxr, no-nnnmomy, onnaxono.
Moxno tno t oxnart, uro y noux yx n cancrcxo-anantno ]as
noxnnxrcx orcranann n arccnn, no +ro n rax. nanns rcxo nrt
noxasan namnm xnmnnam-anannrnxam, uro arccnnnt nmnyntct y manntxnx
noux no asnooasnm n nnrncnnnocrn asnnrt xax nntsx nyum. o
ncrynnnnm n ]annnucxym ]asy asnnunx nonon nonnocrtm orcrynamr na
sann nnan, n mt onxnt nnsnart, uro manntxax nouxa - +ro xax t
manntxn myxunna. V mantunxon +ra ]asa, xax nsncrno, xaaxrnsyrcx
rm, uro on ymr ocrannxrt c nacnaxnn c nomomtm cnoro manntxoro
nnnca, cnxstnax ro nosyxnno cocroxnn co cnonmn ncrannnnxmn o
nonontx cnomnnxx. o x camo nar nouxa co cnonm m on manntxnm
xnnroom. Kaxrcx, uro nc onanncrnucxn axrt noncxoxr y n c +rnm
+xnnnannrom nnnca, a cocrnnno xncxo nnarannm ocrarcx m n
orxtrtm nx
oonx nonon. ana, crt orntnt cnnrntcrna o annnx narnnantntx
omymnnxx, no nx ryno ornnunrt or anantntx nnn or omymnn nnnx
nnarannma; onn nn n xaxom ornomnnn n moryr nrart ontmo onn. Mt cmm
nacrannart na rom, uro n ]annnucxo ]as nouxn nym +ornno sono
xnnxrcx xnnro. o nt rax n moxr trt ncra, c nxoom x
xncrnnnocrn xnnro concm nnn uacrnuno ycrynar nnarannmy cnom
uyncrnnrntnocrt, a cnonarntno, n snaunn. +ro ona ns nyx nonm,
xorot ncronr mart xncxomy asnnrnm, n ro nmx xax on
cuacrnnnt myxunna xo nmnn nonono snocrn onxn rontxo noonxart
ro, umy on nnanrntno nayunncx n nno annro cxcyantnoro
cosnannx.
Mt m nnmcx x onn xnnroa, oarnmcx rnt xo nroo nonm,
xoroax cronr n asnnrnm nouxn. ntm oxrom nmnn mantunxa
xnnxrcx mart, ona ocrarcx nm raxx n nn ]omnonannn 3nnona xomnnxca,
no cyrn, na norxxnnn nc xnsnn. nx nouxn mart, a nmcr c n n
oast xomnnnnt, nxnn rox xnnxmrcx nntm oxrom; nt nnt
nnnxsannocrn x oxram cnxsant c yonnrnonnm naxntx n nocrtx
xnsnnntx nornocr, a ycnonnx yxoa sa nxom nx oonx nonon
onnaxont. o n cnryannn 3nnona xomnnxca oxrom nmnn nx nouxn
cranonnrcx orn, n mt nnan oxnart, uro nn nomantnom xo asnnrnx ona
nar nyrt or oxra-orna x oxonuarntnomy ntoy oxra. rax, nouxa
c runnm nmnn onxna nomnxrt +ornnym sony n oxr, y mantunxa ro
n yro coxanxrcx. osnnxar nonoc, xax +ro noncxonr, n uacrnocrn,
xax nouxa nxonr or marn x nnnxsannocrn x orny, nnn, yrnmn
cnonamn, ns cno myxcxo n nonornucxn onnnnym xncxym ]asy?
mnn tno t nantno nocrtm, cnn t mt mornn nnonoxnrt, uro c
onnnnoro nosacra ncrynar n cnny +nmnrano nnnxnn nnrxxnnx
yr x yry nornnononoxntx nonon, xoroo n nnur manntxym xnmnny x
myxunn, n ro nmx xax ror x saxon nosnonxr mantunxy ynono xartcx
marn. Moxno tno t m nnannrt, uro nn +rom rn cnymr namxam,
xorot noamr nm onrnn, nnounrax nx n sanncnmocrn or nona. o no
anxo n rax nocro, nt mt na snam, moxm nn mt ncts nnrt n ry
ranncrnnnym, anannrnucxn an n asnoxnmym cnny, o xoroo rax uacro
rsxr no+rt. s ryomxnx nccnonann, nx xorotx, no xan m,
nrxo tno nonyunrt marnan, mt nounnynn cnnnx concm nnoro oa.
nmnno: nt onxnt snart, uro uncno xnmnn, xorot onro ocramrcx n nxno
sanncnmocrn or oxra-orna, x romy x or antnoro orna, ount nnnxo.
axn xnmnnt c nnrncnnno n sarxnynmcx nnnxsannocrtm x orny
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nocrannnn nam nosmoxnocrt cnart noasnrntnt orxtrnx. Mt, xonuno,
snann, uro tna nnanrntnax cranx nnnxsannocrn x marn, no mt n
snann, uro ona morna trt rax coxarntna, rax nnrntna n morna art
rax mnoro nonoon nx ]nxcann n nacnonoxnn. +ro nmx orn -
rontxo omnnrntnt connnx; n nxorotx cnyuaxx nnnxsannocrt x
marn sarxrnnarcx o urnroro roa. c, uro mt nosn naxonm n
ornomnnn x orny, yx tno n n n nocn roro tno nncno na orna.
Koou, mt yxamcx, uro nntsx nonxrt xnmnny, n oran onxno +ro
]as o+nnono nnnxsannocrn x marn.
rnt saanmcx nonocom, xaxont nnnosnt ornomnnx nouxn x marn.
rnr rnacnr: onn ount asnooasnt. oxox us nc rn ]ast rcxo
cxcyantnocrn, onn nnnnmamr nn +rom nnsnaxn or-
ntntx ]as, ntaxamrcx oantntmn, cancrcxo-anantntmn n ]annnucxnmn
xnannxmn. 3rn xnannx ncrannxmr xax axrnnnt, rax n naccnnnt
noyxnnx; cnn nx orncrn x noxnnxmmcx nosn n]]nnnannn nonon,
uro no nosmoxnocrn cnyr nsrart, ro nx moxno nasnart myxcxnmn n
xncxnmn. nn, xom roro, nonnocrtm amnnannrnt, cront x nxno,
cxontxo n naxno-arccnnno nnot. ocnnn uacro noxnnxmrcx, nnmt
nnarnnmnct n craxn. ncra nrxo c]omynnonart +rn annn
cxcyantnt xnannx: orurnnn ncro ntaxarcx xnann cnart marn
nxa n coornrcrnymm my xnann onrt nxa, oa ornocxrcx x
]annnucxomy nnoy, onn ocrarouno crannt, no ncomnnno ycranonnnt
anannrnucxnm nanmnnm. nnnxarntnocrt +rnx nccnonann - n
omnomnxmmnx orntntx naxoxax, xorot onn nam amr. ax, nannm, yx
n +ror o+nnon nno moxno onayxnrt ornocxmncx x marn crax trt
ynro nnn orannnno, xorot nnocncrnnn moxr oasonart xo
saonnannx naano. nn yro cnyua: nt nomnnr nnrcnt +nnso ns
ncronn anannrnucxnx nccnonann, xorot ocrannn mnoro nnnxrntx
mnnyr. ro nmx, xora ocnonno nnrc tn nanannn na acxtrn
rcxnx cxcyantntx ranm, nourn nc mon nannnrxn accxastnann mn, uro
onn tnn conamnt ornom. xonn xonnon x onxn tn nnrn x ntnoy, uro
+rn nnsnannx n coornrcrnymr crnnrntnocrn, n nauan nonnmart, uro
ncrnucxn cnmnromt crt nno ]anrasn, a n antntx cotrn. ontxo
nosn x cmor acnosnart n +ro ]anrasnn o conamnnn ornom ntaxnn
rnnnunoro 3nnona xomnnxca y xnmnnt. rnt mt cnona naxonm n
o+nnono ntcronn noux ]anrasnm conamnnx, onaxo conarn-
rntnnn, xax nannno, tnar mart. o sct ]anrasnx yx cnycxarcx na
antnym nouny, noromy uro, crnnrntno, mart, yxaxnnax sa rnom
nxa, ntstnar y nro n rnnrannxx omymnnx yonontcrnnx, nosmoxno,
ax nnnt nx noyxax.
nnonaram, uro nt roront noosnart, yro +ro onncann nonnort n
cnnt cxcyantntx ornomnn manntxo nouxn x cno marn ount
nynnnuno. t xora nanmamt sa manntxnmn nouxamn, nnuro
noonoro sa nnmn n samuamt. o +ror ono n ronrcx: moxno ocrarouno
mnoro ynnrt n rxx, cnn ymrt nanmart, a xom roro, n satnar,
xax mano ns cnonx cxcyantntx xnann nox moxr ncosnarntno
ntasnrt nnn rm on coomnrt. rora mt nontsymcx namnm nanom
nsyunnx ocrarxon n nocncrnn +roro mna uyncrn y nnn, y xorotx annt
noncct asnnrnx crann oconno orurnnntmn nnn ax usmntmn. t
naronornx naroax nsonxnnn n nynnnunnm ncra oxastnana nam ycnyry n
nosnannn ornomnn, xorot n nom ocramrcx cxtrtmn. rax xax namn
nccnonannx nnxora n nononnnct na nmxx, craammnx rxxntmn
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orxnonnnxmn, ro x nonaram, uro mt moxm cunrart nonyunnt syntrart
ocronntmn.
rnt cocorounm cno nnnmann na cnymmm nonoc: oruro ymnar
+ra cnntnax nnnxsannocrt nouxn x marn? Mt snam, uro +ro otunax
cyta; ona nnasnauna nx roro, urot ycrynnrt mcro nnnxsannocrn x
orny. nor mt cranxnnamcx c ]axrom, xorot yxastnar nam antnmn
nyrt. 3ror mar n asnnrnn cnnrntcrnyr n o nocro cmn oxra.
rxo or marn noncxonr no snaxom naxnocrn, cnxst c martm
ntnnnarcx n nnanncrt. axax nnanncrt moxr crart ount xxo ntaxnno
n coxannrtcx na ncm xnsnt, nosn ona moxr nonrnyrtcx rmarntno
cnxxomnncannn, xax nannno, xaxax-ro uacrt noonnarcx, yrax
ocrarcx. Konuno, cnntno nnnxnn oxastnamr na n cotrnx nocnymmnx
nr. o mt orannunmcx nsyunnm no nmx nxoa x orny n ntxcnnnm
mornnon. Mt ycntmnm nnnnt nunt nctma asnnunoro cnocrna
onnnnn n xano n ac marn, nnsnanntx onanart naxnt uyncrna
nxa, snaunn xorotx nntsx noonnnnart. xorot ns nnx - xnnt
annonannsannn, crnnrntnt ncrounnxn naxnocrn ncronr m
ortcxart. amct, nt nocnyr sa mno, xora na +ror as x nony nac
us nc rann ncnxoanannrnucxoro nccnonannx.
Vnx n ac marn, x xoroomy ontm ncro nnramr, saxnmuarcx n
rom, uro ona cnnmxom mano oranana nxy monoxa, uro onxno
cnnrntcrnonart o nocrarx nmnn. 3ror ynx nmr n namnx cmtxx
onnnno onanann. V mar uacro n tnar ocrarouno nnrannx nx
nxa, n onn orannunnamrcx rm, uro xomxr ro rytm ncxontxo
mcxnn, nonroa nnn rn urnrn roa. V nnmnrnnntx naoon r xomxr
marnncxo rytm o nyx n rx nr. as xomnnnnt, xax nannno,
cnnnarcx c martm; ram, r +roro n noncxonr, ynx nnamarcx n
yro, a nmnno uro ona cnnmxom ano orocnana xomnnnny, xoroax rax
oxorno xomnna nxa. o xax t ram nn tno, n moxr trt, urot xaxt
as ynx nxa nmn no coo nouny. xo xaxrcx, uro xanocrt
nxa x cnomy nnomy nnrannm noom nyronnma, uro on nnxora rax n n
nnmnnrcx c yraro marnncxo ryn. t nncxontxo n ynnnncx, cnn
t ananns nxa, nnnanxamro nnmnrnnnomy naoy, xorot cocr
marnncxym ryt, ax nayunnmnct rart n rononrt,
ntasnn t ror x ynx. ornxrnm or ryn cnxsan, noxrno, n crax
n orannnnm. - +ro nnma, xoroax nar xoro-ro ontntm. Moxr
trt, uro n cnon annn saonnannx nox cnonr x +romy orxasy. rot
nonnrt n cnyua, nao nmrt onnnno nnrnnxryantno nocnnrann;
nnmnrnnnt, noasonannt nmn n, xonuno, nox ymmr ncmy, uro
noncxonr, narn nnunny. osmoxno, uro nnonauantno +ro tn mornn n
yx annmnsma. nxorotx cnoxx namro nacnnnx m cronx nntsx
ymrt s roro, urot n cxasann, uro ymmro xro-ro norynn, cxo
ncro oxro. otuno nnornucxo axnn na cmrt nnsxoro xnnxrcx
camoonnnnn n rom, uro rt cam xnnxmtcx nnunno ro cmrn.
nymm onnnnn n ac marn nosnnxar, xora n rcxo noxnnxrcx
m onn nox. osmoxno, ono ]nxcnyr cnxst c ntnyxnntm oantntm
orxasom (orale Versagung). Mart n morna nnn n xorna anart nxy
ontm monoxa, noromy uro ono nyxno nx nnont noxnnnmrocx. cnyua,
xora rn oxamrcx cnom yr sa yrom, rax uro xomnnn rytm
naymarcx nroo mnnocrtm, +ror ynx nonyuar antno oocnonann,
n nnmuarntno, uro nox ax c asnnn n nosacr ncro nnmt n 11
mcxnn n cnnmxom man, urot n nonxrt nonoxnn nm. o nox
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uyncrnyr cx ymmnnntm n nnnom nxnarntnoro nnmntna n connnxa
n rontxo n xomnnnn monoxom, no raxx n no ncx yrnx cnnrntcrnax
marnncxo saornnnocrn. n uyncrnyr cx nnsnrnyrtm, orannntm,
onnntm n cnonx nanax, na noun nnocrn nnannnr manntxoro ara
nnn ccry n nanannxr na nnnym mart cnom snoy, xoroax ount uacro
ntaxarcx n nnnxrnom nsmnnnn ro nonnnx. n cranonnrcx "nno-
xnm", asaxnrntntm, nnocnymntm, orxastnaxct or nnornntx nantxon n
ymnnn ynannxrt cnonmn +xcxrontmn ]ynxnnxmn. 3ro nc anno nsncrno n
nnnnmarcx xax camo coo asymmmcx, no mt xo nmm nannntno
ncrannnn o cnn +rnx nnnntx uyncrn, o ycrounnocrn, c xoroo onn
noonxamr coxanxrtcx, a raxx o nnnunn nx nnnxnnx na nocnymm
asnnrn. m on uro +ra nnocrt n nocnymmn rcxn rot nnrarcx
nontmn ncrounnxamn, n nc +ro norxcnn nonroxrcx c oxnnm xaxoro
nonoro ara nnn ccrt. mnoro mnxrcx or roro, uro nox ocrarcx
nmnmnm marn; nnrxsannx nmnn nxa smnt, onn rymr
ncxnmunrntnocrn n n onycxamr nnxaxoro asnnnx.
snaunrntnom ncrounnx naxnocrn nxa x marn cnnrntcrnymr ro
mnorooasnt mnxmmncx n sanncnmocrn or ]ast nnno cxcyantnt xnannx,
xorot n ontmnncrn cnom n moryr trt yonnrnont. amt
cymcrnnnt ntnyxnnt orxas nmr mcro n ]annnucxo ]as, xora mart
sanmar - nxo cononoxax +ro cyontmn yrosamn n ncmn snaxamn
nyonontcrnnx - ntstnammn nacnaxnn mannnynxnnn c rnnrannxmn, x
xorotm ona, nana, cama ro nonna. nonano t nnonoxnrt, uro
mornnon nx oocnonannx orxoa nouxn or marn ocrarouno. ora
nnmnoct t ntcxasart cyxnn, uro +ra nocrnnnocrt nnsxno cnyr
ns nnot rcxo cxcyantnocrn, ns usmnocrn nnrxsann nmnn n
nntnonnnmocrn cxcyantntx xnann. Kro-nnyt, moxr trt, ax noymar,
uro +ro nno nmonno ornomnn nxa ouno na nyauy nmnno
noromy, uro ono nno, noromy uro +ra annxx nnnxsannocrt x oxry, xax
nannno, n ntcoxo crnnn amnnannrna: naxy c cnntno nm-
ontm ncra nmrcx cnntnax cxnonnocrt x arccnn, n um on cracrno
nox nmnr oxr, rm nocnnnmunn on x asouaonannxm n orxasam co
croont oxra. xonn xonnon nmont n n cocroxnnn nornnocroxrt
naxonnnmcx naxnocrn. nn x raxym nnonauantnym amnnannrnocrt
uyncrnnntx nnnxsannocr moxno orxnonnrt n yxasart na ro, uro ornomnn
mart - nox nmr ocoym nnoy, xoroax c raxo x nnsxnocrtm
nr x asymnnm rcxo nmnn, noromy uro ax camo mxrxo nocnnrann
n moxr oornct s nnnyxnnx x orannunnxm, a xaxo raxo
nmmarntcrno n ro cnooy ntstnar y nxa xax axnnm cxnonnocrt x
conornnnnnm n arccnn.
ymam, uro ncxyccnx o +rnx nosmoxnocrxx morna t crart ount
nnrcno, no nor noxnanno nosnnxar nosaxnn, xoroo ar nammy
nnrcy yro nanannnn. t nc +rn ]axrot: ont, asouaonannx n
nmnn, nnocrt, conasn c nocnymmnm sanrom - crnnrntnt raxx nx
ornomnnx mantunxa x marn, onaxo onn n n cocroxnnn ntsnart y nro
oruyxnnx x oxry - marn. cnn mt n nam uro-ro, uro xnnxrcx
cnnn]nuntm nx nouxn, orcyrcrnyr y mantunxa nnn noncxonr y nro
nnau, ro mt n cmoxm oxcnnrt cytt cnxsn c martm y nouxn.
ymam, uro mt namnn +ror cnnn]nucxn ]axro n nmnno n nnonaramom
mcr, xorx n n noxnanno ]om. ronom, n nnonaramom mcr,
noromy uro on naxonrcx n xomnnxc xacrannn. naromnucxo (nonono)
asnnun onxno nt cxastnartcx n na ncnxnucxnx nocncrnnxx. o nctma
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noxnanno tno ysnart ns anannson ro, uro nouxa cunrar mart
ornrcrnnno sa orcyrcrnn nnnca n n moxr nocrnrt +ro cno
onnnocrn.
a-a, mt n xnmnn nnnnctnam xomnnxc xacrannn n c nonntm ocnonannm,
xorx on n moxr nmrt ro x coxann, uro n y mantunxa. V nro xomnnxc
xacrannn nosnnxar nocn roro, xax, ynnn xncxn rnnrannn, on ysnan,
uro cront ntcoxo nnnmt nm unn n oxsarntno onxn trt nmcr c
rnom. 3arm on ncnomnnar yrost, xorotm on nonrancx, sannmaxct cnonm
unnom, naunnar nm nnrt n nonaar c +rnx no no nnnxnn craxa
xacrannn, xorot cranonnrcx camo momno nnxym cnno ro antnmro
asnnrnx. Komnnxc xacrannn y nouxn rox nosnnxar naroax romy, uro
ona nnnr rnnrannn yroro. na casy x samuar asnnun n, nao
nnsnartcx, ro snaunn. na uyncrnyr cx rnyoxo onnno, uacro
ar nonxrt, uro rox xornoct t "nmrt raxo x", n n noxnnxrcx
sanncrt x nnncy, xoroax ocrannxr nnsrnanmt cnt n asnnrnn n
]omnonannn xaaxra, noonnamt ax n camom naronnxrnom cnyua
n s ctsno sarart ncnxnucxnx cnn. o, uro nouxa nnsnar ]axr
orcyrcrnnx nnnca, ornmt n rononr o rom, uro ona c +rnm cmnxrcx.
anornn, ona m onro xnrcx sa xnann rox nonyunrt "+ro", nnr n
+ry nosmoxnocrt nnoxrno onro, n ax rora, xora snann antnocrn
anno orocnno +ro xnann xax nntnonnnmo, ananns moxr noxasart, uro n
ccosnarntnom ono ocranoct n coxannno snaunrntnt sanac +nrnn.
nann nc-raxn nonyunrt n xonn xonnon onroxannt nnnc moxr
cnococrnonart nosnnxnonnnm mornnon, xorot nnnyr snym xnmnny x
ncnxoanannsy, n ro, uro ona, nonxrno, moxr oxnart or anannsa, a nmnno
nosmoxnocrn sannmartcx nnrnnxryantno xrntnocrtm, moxr trt uacro
ncronxonano xax cynnmnonannax nanannx +roro ntrcnnnoro xnannx.
snaunnn sanncrn x nnncy nnonn moxno n comnnartcx. nny n
xaucrn nnma myxcxo ncnannnnocrn yrnxnn, uro sanncrt n
nnocrt nramr m ontmym ont n ymnno xnsnn xnmnnt, um myxunnt.
ro urot +rn xaucrna orcyrcrnonann y myxunn nnn onn n nmnn t y xnmnnt
nnxaxoro yroro xonx, xom sanncrn x nnncy, no +ro nocnn mt
cxnonnt nnnnctnart ontm snaunn nx xnmnn. naxo y nxorotx
anannrnxon crt cxnonnocrt nnnnxart snaunn roro nnoro nncryna
sanncrn x nnncy, xorot nosnnxar n ]annnucxo ]as. nn nonaramr, uro
xora y xnmnnt onayxnnarcx noonax ycranonxa, ro ut nr, rnanntm
oasom, o nronunom oasonannn, xoroo n cnyua nocnymmnx xon]nnxron
ocymcrnnxrcx naroax rccnn na ro ann nn]anrnntno noyxnn.
y, a +ro - omax nonma rnynnno ncnxonornn. n mnornx naronornucxnx
nnn ncro nnmt notuntx ycranonxax nnunn, nannm nn ncx
cxcyantntx nsnamnnxx, nosnnxar nonoc, xaxym onm nx cnnt nyxno
orncrn na cur annnx nn]anrnntntx ]nxcann n xaxym - na cur nnnxnnx
nocnymmnx nxnnann n asnnrnn. n +rom nourn ncra ut nr o
ononnnrntntx xax, xax mt +ro nnonoxnnn nn ocyxnnn +rnonornn
nnoson. a ]axroa n asnnunom coornomnnn xnnxmrcx nnunno; mntmax
onx yuacrnx onoro ]axroa nosmmarcx ontm yroro. n]anrnntno no
ncx cnyuaxx xnnxrcx nanannxmmnm, n ncra, no nc-raxn uacro mammnm.
Kax as n cnyua sanncrn x nnncy x xorn t mnrntno ntcrynnrt sa
nonaann nn]anrnntnoro ]axroa.
rxtrn cno xacrannn xnnxrcx nonoorntm nynxrom n asnnrnn nouxn.
no orxtnar rn nanannnnx asnnrnx: ono nr x noannnnm cxcy-
antnocrn nnn x nnosy, yro x nsmnnnm xaaxra n cmtcn xomnnxca
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myxcrnnnocrn, naxonn, nocnn - x nomantno xncrnnnocrn. o ncx
rx nanannnnxx mt ysnann onontno mnoro, xorx n n nc. cnonno
coxann nnoro nanannnnx cocronr n rom, uro manntxax nouxa,
xoroax o cnx no xnna no-myxcxn, ymna ocrannxrt c nacnaxnn
nosyxnnm xnnroa, coornocnna +ro sanxrn co cnonmn uacro axrnnntmn
cxcyantntmn xnannxmn, ornocxmnmncx x marn, no nnnxnnm sanncrn x
nnncy nnmarcx yonontcrnnx or cno ]annnucxo cxcyantnocrn.
Vxsnnnnax n cnom camonmnn cannnnm c mantunxom, nannntm nnncom,
ona orxastnarcx or macryannonnoro yonnrnonnx xnnroom, ornrar
cnom nmont x marn, nxo ntrcnxx nn +rom snaunrntnym uacrt cnonx
cxcyantntx crmnnn noom. rxo or marn noncxonr, nana, n
casy, rax xax nouxa cunrar xacrannm cnauana cnonm nnnnnyantntm
ncuacrtm, ona nnmt nocrnnno acnocranxr na yrn xncxn
cymcrna n naxonn raxx na mart. nmont ornocnnact x ]annnucxo
marn; c orxtrnm roro, uro mart xacrnonana, nosmoxno, ona
orxastnarcx or n xax or oxra nmnn, rax uro anno naxonnnnt mornnt
naxnocrn yr nx. axnm oasom, +ro osnauar, uro orxtrn
orcyrcrnnx nnnca ocnnnnar xnmnny n rnasax nouxn, xax n mantunxa, a
nosn, nosmoxno n myxunnt.
c nt snar, xaxo usntuano +rnonornucxo snaunn namn nnornxn
nnamr cnomy onannsmy. nn cunramr ro nnnonnnxom ncx cnonx nyron, n
nam ryrcx nmano ycnnn, urot onn nonnnn, uro sanyxamrcx. o
cocrnnno, mt onxnt tnn t nnsnart, uro onn nant, rax xax onannsm
xnnxrcx ntaxnnm rcxo cxcyantnocrn, or n-
nannntnoro asnnrnx xoroo onn n craamr. ana, nnornxn n ocnonnom
onnnxmr onannsm nnoa nonono snocrn; o annm rcxom onannsm, or
xorooro n crnnrntnocrn nc sanncnr, onn otuno satnamr. xorn t
nmrt xora-nnyt nosmoxnocrt noono nsnoxnrt nam, nacxontxo naxnt nc
]axrnucxn uacrnt oconnocrn annro onannsma nx nocnymmro nnosa
nnn xaaxra nnnnnyyma, tn nn on onayxn nnn nr, xax onrnn c nnm
oonnct nnn onycxann ro, yanoct nn my camomy ro noannrt. c +ro
ocrannno nnsrnanmt cnt n ro asnnrnn. o x ax a, uro mn n
nyxno +roro nart; +ro tna t rynax saaua, xoroax sanxna t mnoro
nmnn, n n xonn nt cmyrnnn t mnx rm, uro noronann t or mnx
conmnno onnnntx naxrnucxnx conron, xax onrnxm nnn
nocnnrarnxm cnyr ornocnrtcx x onannsmy manntxnx r. asnnrnn
nouxn, o xoroom x ronom, nnn nnm roro, uro nox cam craarcx
ocnoonrtcx or onannsma. o +ro n ncra my yarcx. am, r sanncrt x
nnncy noynna cnntno nornnocrnn xnnronomy onannsmy, a on
nc-raxn n xour ycrynart, naunnarcx +nrnunax ocnoonrntnax ota,
n xoroo nouxa xax t r na cx ont orcrannnno marn n ntaxar
nc cno nonontcrno nnonnonnntm xnnroom, conornnnxxct yonnrnonnm
c ro nomomtm. Vx mnoro nr cnycrx, xora onanncrnucxn crnnx anno
noannnt, nnrc noonxar coxanxrtcx, n ro mt onxnt ronxonart xax
samnry or nc m cymcrnymm oxsnn ncxymnnx. 3ro ntaxarcx n
nosnnxnonnnn cnmnarnn x nnnam, y xorotx nnonaramrcx cxoxn rynocrn,
+ro cranonnrcx mornnom nx saxnmunnx axa, +ro moxr ax onnxrt
nto narna no axy nnn nmnn. cnooxnn or ann rcxo
macryannn
crnnrntno xnnxrcx nom ornmt n nrxnm nnn sasnnuntm.
xamnn xnnrono macryannn osnauar orxas or uacrn axrnnnocrn.
nt naccnnnocrt r nx, oamnn x orny noncxonr nnmymcrnnno
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c nomomtm naccnnntx noyxnn. t nnnr, uro raxo cnnr n asnnrnn,
ycranxmmn ]annnucxym axrnnnocrt, nororannnnar nouny nx
xncrnnnocrn. cnn nn +rom n cnnmxom mnoro rxrcx ns-sa ntrcnnnx,
+ra xncrnnnocrt moxr ocymcrnnxrtcx nomantno. nann, c xorotm
nouxa oamarcx x orny, +ro nt nnonauantno xnann nmrt nnnc, n
xoroom orxasana mart n xorooro ona xr or orna. o xncxax cnryannx
noccranannnnarcx rontxo rora, xora xnann nmrt nnnc sammarcx
xnannm nmrt nxa; nox, raxnm oasom, cornacno +xnnnannram
nn cnmnonnxn, sannmar mcro nnnca. r nac n ycxontsar ro, uro
nouxa m antm, n nnaymnno ]annnucxo ]as, xorna nxa, nt
raxon tn cmtcn nrt c xyxnamn. o +ra nra n tna, cocrnnno,
ntaxnnm xncrnnnocrn, ona cnyxnna nnrn]nxannn c martm c
namnnm samnnrt naccnnnocrt axrnnnocrtm. na nrana ont marn, a
xyxno tna ona cama; rnt ona morna nart c nxom nc ro, uro mart
otuno nana c n. ontxo c noxnnnnm xnannx nmrt nnnc xyxna-nox
cranonnrcx nxom or orna n orntn camo xnanno xncxo nntm. nnxo
cuacrt, cnn xora-nnyt nnocncrnnn +ro rcxo xnann nar cno
antno nonnomnn n oconno cnn nox yr mantunxom, xorot
nnncr c coo onroxannt nnnc. cnxsn "nox or orna" axnnr
ocrarouno uacro cmmn na nxa, a n na orna. ax crao myxcxo
xnann onaart nnncom m nocnunnar cxnost cnoxnnmymcx xn-
crnnnocrt. o moxr trt, +ro xnann nmrt nnnc mt onxnt, cxo,
nnsnart ncxnmunrntno xncxnm.
nnocom xnannx nxa-nnnca na orna nouxa ncrynar n cnryannm
3nnona xomnnxca. axnocrt x marn, xoroo n nyxno cosanartcx
sanono, nonyuar rnt cnntno noxnnnn, noromy uro ra cranonnrcx
connnn, xoroo ocrarcx or orna nc, uro xnar or nro nouxa.
3nnon xomnnxc nouxn onro nmx cxtnan or nac o+nnony cnxst c
martm, xoroax cront naxna n ocrannxr raxn croxn ]nxcannn. nx
nouxn +nnona cnryannx xnnxrcx ncxoom onroro n rynoro asnnrnx,
um-ro no nnanrntnoro ocnooxnnx, nxo rouxo noxox, xoroym
ona n rax-ro cxoo ocrannr, rm on uro rnt nanxo n nauano
narnrnoro nnoa. ornomnnn 3nnona xomnnxca x xomnnxcy xacrannn
oamar na cx nnnmann asnnun nonon, xoroo, noxrno, unaro
nocncrnnxmn. 3nnon xomnnxc mantunxa, xora on xnar cnom mart, a orna
xorn t ycrannrt xax connnxa, asnnnarcx, xonuno, ns ]ast ro
]annnucxo cxcyantnocrn. o yrosa xacrannn nnnyxar ro orxasartcx
or +ro ycranonxn. o nnnxnnm onacnocrn norxrt nnnc 3nnon xomnnxc
ocrannxrcx, ntrcnxrcx n n nanon nomantnom cnyua asymarcx o
ocnonannx, a n xaucrn ro nacnnnxa ncrynar n cnny croro nx-. V
nouxn noncxonr nourn nornnononoxno. Komnnxc xacrannn
nororannnnar 3nnon xomnnxc, nmcro roro urot ro asymart, no
nnnxnnm sanncrn x nnncy naymarcx cnxst c martm, n nouxa nonaar n
+nnony cnryannm xax n xaxym-ro ranant. ycrannnm craxa xacrannn
ornaar rnannt mornn, xorot sacrannxr mantunxa noonrt 3nnon
xomnnxc. nouxa ocrarcx n nm nonnnno
onro n nnmt nosno, a n ro n nonnocrtm ocnooxarcx or nro. +rnx
ycnonnxx onxno nocraart oasonann nx-, ono n cmoxr ocrnut ro
cnnt n nsanncnmocrn, xorot n nnamr my xyntryno snaunn, n
]mnnncrt n nmxr, xora nm yxastnamr na nocncrnnx +roro momnra nx
otunoro xncxoro xaaxra.
rnt nnmcx nasa: xax nroym nosmoxnym axnnm na orxtrn xncxo
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xacrannn mt ntnnnn asnnrn cnntnoro xomnnxca myxcrnnnocrn. o +rnm
noasymnanoct, uro nouxa xax t orxastnarcx nnsnart +ror nnnxrnt
]axr, ynxmtm norcrom m ontm nynnnunnar cnom nxnmm
myxcrnnnocrt, n xour orxastnartcx or cnonx xnnrontx crnn n
naxonr c nnxnm n nnrn]nxannn c ]annnucxo martm nnn ornom.
ro moxr trt mammnm nx raxoro ncxoa? Mt n moxm ncrannrt c
nnuro nnoro, xom xoncrnrynnonantnoro ]axroa, ontm mt axrnnnocrn,
uro otuno xaaxrno nx camna. ymnocrtm noncca xnnxrcx ro, uro n
+rom mcr asnnrnx n noncxonr cnnra x naccnnnocrn, xorot orxtnar
nonoor x xncrnnnocrn. Kannm noxnnnnm +roro xomnnxca
myxcrnnnocrn xaxrcx nam nnnxnn na nto oxra n cmtcn orxtroro
romocxcyannsma. Xorx anannrnucxn ontr noxastnar nam, uro xncxn
romocxcyannsm xo nnn nnxora n noonxar nxmo nn]anrnntnym
myxcrnnnocrt. ma x, no-nnnmomy, ornocnrcx n ro, uro n raxn nymxn
na nxoroo nmx nnnnmamr orna n xaucrn oxra n nonaamr n +nnony
cnryannm. o sarm ncncrnn nnsxntx asouaonann n orn onn
ntnyxnt rccnonart x cnomy annmy xomnnxcy myxcrnnnocrn.
cnyr nonnnnart snaunn +rnx asouaonann; nx n mnnyr n nymxa,
cxnonnax x xncrnnnocrn, no
s roro x syntrara. nocxoxmax cnna xoncrnrynnonantnoro ]axroa
xaxrcx nocnonmo, no n ]ast n asnnrnn xncxoro romocxcyannsma ount
xoomo oraxamrcx n naxrnx romocxcyanncron, xorot rax x uacro n rax
x xnno nramr yr c yrom n mart n nxa, xax n n myxunny n xnmnny.
o, uro x nam ryr accxasan, +ro, rax cxasart, ntcronx xnmnnt. 3ro
syntrart camtx nocnnnx nr, nosmoxno, onn sannrcymr nac xax nontrxa
xonornnno anannrnucxo aort. ax xax rmo xnnxrcx cama xnmnna, x
nosnonm c na +ror as ynomxnyrt nonmnno nxorotx xnmnn, xorotm +ro
nccnonann oxsano naxntmn aoramn. - yr Max-yncnnx nno (1929)
onncana cnyua nnosa, ncroxn xorooro nocnxnnamrcx n ]nxcannn na
o+nnono crann n xora +nnona cnryannx noom n tna ocrnrnyra. n
nmn ]omy naanon nnocrn n oxasancx noammnmcx rannn. - anna
amnnt Iy ocronntmn nanmnnxmn ycranonnna (1927) cront
manonoxrnym ]annnucxym axrnnnocrt nouxn no ornomnnm x marn, -
nna u noxasana (1932), uro nmonnt axrt romocxcyantntx xnmnn
nocnonsnoxr ornomnnx marn n nxa.
ocnnrt antnm asnnrn xncrnnnocrn us nonono cosnann
nnnort o nnoa snocrn n nxonr n mon namnnx. a n namn snannx
nocrarount nx +roro. xorot urt x cymmnym nnx. ctnaxct na
ntcronm, x rontxo xouy nouxnyrt, uro asnnrn xncrnnnocrn
no-nxnmy nonrarcx naymnnxm co croont ocrarountx xnnnn
nnanrntnoro nnoa myxcrnnnocrn. rccnn x ]nxcannxm rx
o+nnontx ]as nmmr mcro ount uacro; n nxorotx ncronxx xnsnn no
oxonr o nonoxarnoro nonronnx nnoon, n xoro-
tx nonaar ro myxcrnnnocrt, ro xncrnnnocrt. acrnuno ro, uro mt,
myxunnt, nastnam "saraxo xnmnnt", nosmoxno, nr nauano or +roro
noxnnnnx ncxcyantnocrn n xnsnn xnmnnt. o no nmx +rnx nccnonann,
no-nnnmomy, nasn yro nonoc. nnxym cnno cxcyantno xnsnn mt
nastnam nnno. xcyantnax xnsnt nounnna nonxnocrn myxcxoro -
xncxoro; raxnm oasom, xaxrcx noxonmtm nnnmarntno accmorrt
ornomnn nnno x +ro nonxnocrn. tno t noxnannocrtm, cnn t
oxasanoct, uro xaxo cxcyantnocrn nounnxrcx cno ocoo nnno, rax
uro onn nn nnno ncnyr nnn myxcxo, a yro - nnn xncxo
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cxcyantno xnsnn. o nnuro noonoro n cymcrnyr. crt rontxo ono
nnno, xoroo cnyxnr xax myxcxo, rax n xncxo cxcyantno ]ynxnnn. Mt
n moxm camn nnnncart my non; cnn mt, cornacnnmnct na oroxcrnnnn
axrnnnocrn n myxcrnnnocrn, noxnam nasnart ro myxcxnm, nam n cnyr
satnart, uro ono xcyantnax ]nrnnocrt xnmnnt, uacrora xoroo,
xaxrcx, nornxar +ro nnxnn, xnnxrcx ncro nnmt nocrarouno
nonxrtm ]nomnom. nora ona nocnr ncnxornnt xaaxr n rora no-
nnacrna noscrnnm, n yrnx cnyuaxx ona nosnonxr nnonarart
xoncrnrynnonantnym oycnonnnnocrt n ax nxna anaromnucxoro ]axroa.
oman accxasart nam m o nxorotx ncnxnucxnx oconnocrxx sno
xncrnnnocrn, xax onn noxnnxmrcx nn anannrnucxom nanmnnn. Mt n
nrnym +rnmn yrnxnnxmn na oxonuarntnym ncrnny; xom roro, n
ncra nrxo ornnrt ro, uro moxno nnnncart nnnxnnm cxcyantno ]ynxnnn,
a uro - connantnomy nocnnrannm. rax, mt nnnnctnam xncrnnnocrn on
ntcoxym crnnt nannccnsma, xoroax n nnnxr na nto oxra, rax uro
trt nmnmo nx xnmnnt - on cnntnax nornocrt, um nmnrt.
]nsnucxom rmcnannn xnmnnt nc m cxastnarcx crnn sanncrn x
nnncy, nocxontxy cnon nncrn ona rm on ntcoxo nnnr, uro onn
ncrannxmrcx xomnncann sa nnonauantnym cxcyantnym
nnonnonnnocrt. rtnnnocrn, xoroax cunrarcx ornnunrntntm xncxnm
xaucrnom, no xnnxrcx roaso on oycnonnnno rannnxmn, um
cnonano t ymart, mt nnnnctnam nnonauantno namnn cxtrt ]xr
rnnrann. Mt n satnam, uro nosn ona nnnxna na cx yrn ]ynxnnn.
onaramr, uro xnmnnt nncnn mntmn nxna n orxtrnx n nsornnx
ncronn xyntryt, no, moxr trt, nmnno onn orxtnn onn nn rxnnxn -
rxnnxy nnrnnx n rxaucrna. cnn +ro rax, ro nontramcx orraart
ccosnarntnt mornn +roro ocrnxnnx. ama nnoa xax yro noar
nnm raxomy noaxannm, sacrannxx rnnrannn c nacrynnnnm nonono
snocrn oacrart nonocamn, cxtnammnmn nx. ar, xorot nao tno
cnart an, cocroxn n rom, urot cxnnrt nonoxna yr c yrom,
xorot na rn ntcrynann ns xoxn n tnn nnmt cnyrant. cnn +ra
noxnannax mtcnt xaxrcx nam ]an-
racrnuno n nt cunrar nnnxnn orcyrcrnnx nnnca na ]omnonann
xncrnnnocrn mo n Ii, ro x, crcrnnno, osoyxn.(1)
Vcnonnx ntoa oxra xnmnno ocrarouno uacro o nysnanamocrn
nsmnxmrcx connantntmn ornomnnxmn. am, r on moxr noxnnrtcx cnoono,
on uacro noncxonr no nannccrnucxomy nany myxunnt, xorotm nymxa
xorna crart. cnn nymxa ocranonnnact na nnnxsannocrn x orny, r. . na
3nnonom xomnnxc, ro ona ntr ro no rnny orna. ocxontxy nn
nxo or marn x orny naxnocrt amnnannrnoro +monnonantnoro
ornomnnx ocranact nanannnno na mart, raxo nto onxn ocnunrt
cuacrnnnt ax. o ount uacro cnyuarcx ro, uro noom crannr no yrosy
noono asmnn amnnannrnoro xon]nnxra. oxannnmaxcx naxnocrt
cnyr sa nonoxnrntno nnnxsannocrtm n nxonr na nont oxr.
ynyr, xorot cnauana nonyuar n nacncrno uyncrna x orny, co nmnm
nacnyr n uyncrna x marn. axnm oasom, nrxo moxr nonsorn ro, uro
nroym nononnny xnsnn xnmnnt sanonnxr ota nornn cnoro myxa, xax
nnym, on xoorxym, - conornnnnn no ornomnnm x cno marn. ocn
roro xax axnnx nsxnra, nroo ax moxr nrxo cnoxnrtcx roaso on
yonnrnonrntno. yro nonoor n cymnocrn xnmnnt, x xoroomy n
nororonnnt nmxmn, moxr nonsorn nocn oxnnx n ax nnoro
nxa. o nnuarnnnm cocrnnnoro marnncrna moxr cnona oxnrt
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nnrn]nxannx c cocrnnno martm, xoro-
- ---------------------------------------
(1) cyxax nonmy cnooasnx ncnxonornn xnmnn, u noxonr x n
nnncronucxn, conmnno ornnxaxct or connantntx nnunn, xorotmn n
onnxrcx n ycnonnxx anraronncrnucxoro omcrna nannonnnocrt nx
nxnaa n xyntryy.
o xnmnna nnnort o axa oxastnana conornnnnn, n nnnnut x c nc
nmmmcx nnno, rax uro c nanxsunntm nonronnm noynnyrcx
ncuacrnt ax onrn. o, uro nxnn ]axro orcyrcrnnx nnnca nc
m n yrarnn cno cnnt, onayxnnarcx n nonnaxono axnnn marn na
oxnn ctna nnn oun. ontxo ornomnn x ctny nnnocnr marn
norannunno yonnrnonn; ono noom xnnxrcx ns ncx unonucxnx
ornomnn camtm conmnntm n nanon cnoontm or amnnannrnocrn. a
ctna mart moxr nncrn cno ucronmn, xoroo ona onxna tna
noannrt n c, or nro ona xr yonnrnonnx ncro roro, uro ocranoct
y n or xomnnxca myxcrnnnocrn. ax ax nntsx cunrart ycrounntm,
noxa xnmnn n yacrcx cnart n myxa cnonm nxom n astrtnart n
nnm mart.
nrn]nxannx xnmnnt c martm nosnonxr asnnunrt na cnox - o+nnon,
xorot ocnonan na nxno nnnxsannocrn x marn, cunrammncx oasnom, n
on nosnn ns 3nnona xomnnxca, xora mart ycranxrcx n samnxrcx
ornom. Mnoro or oonx ocrarcx nx yymro, n moxno no nany cxasart,
uro nn onn n noonnarcx n noncc asnnrnx n ocrarouno m. o
]asa nxno o+nnono nnnxsannocrn xnnxrcx nx yymro xnmnnt
mamm; n n nororannnnarcx nnornn rx xaucrn, naroax
xorotm ona nosn yr coornrcrnonart cno onn n cxcyantno ]ynxnnn
n ocrnrart noasnrntntx connantntx ycnxon. +ro nnrn]nxannn ona
nnorar raxx nnnnxarntnocrt nx myxunnt, xoroax nnamar ro
+nnony nnnxsannocrt x marn no nnmnnnocrt. nmt rora ctn sauacrym
nonyuar ro, uro on onnancx nx cx. osarcx nnuarnnn, uro nmont
myxunnt n nmont xnmnnt asnxmrcx ncnxonornucxnm asnnunm ]as.
o, uro xnmnn mano cnocrnnno uyncrno cnannnnocrn, cnxsano c
nonaannm sanncrn n ymnno xnsnn, noromy uro ronann
cnannnnocrn naartnar sanncrt, cosanax ycnonn, nn xoroom or
n moxno orxasartcx. Mt rononm o xnmnnax raxx, uro nx connantnt
nnrct cna, a cnoconocrt x cynnmannn nnunn mntm, um y myxunn.
no, nana, noncrxar ns aconnantnoro xaaxra, xorot,
ncomnnno, nncym ncm cxcyantntm ornomnnxm. mxmn naxoxr
yonnrnonn yr n yr, n ax cmtx m nornnnrcx nnnxrnm n on
mnoxn coomcrna. noconocrt x cynnmannn nonxna camtm snaunrntntm
nnnnnyantntm xonannxm. n mory n ynomxnyrt nnuarnnnx, xoroo nc
nmx nonyuamt nn anannrnucxo xrntnocrn. Myxunna oxono rnnarn nr
ncrannxrcx monotm, cxo nsntm nnnnnyymom, or xorooro mt xm,
uro on n nonno m ncnontsyr nosmoxnocrn asnnrnx, xorot my
orxtnar ananns. o xnmnna roro x nosacra uacro nyrar nac cno
ncnxnucxo saxocrnnocrtm n nnsmnxmocrtm. nnno sanxno
oxonuarntnt nosnnnn n xaxrcx n cnocontm ocrannrt nx an yrnx.
yr nx antnmro asnnrnx nr; no ocronr rax, xax yro nct
noncc yx saxonun, n moxr nonrnyrtcx orntn nnxaxomy noscrnnm n
ax xax yro ryno asnnrn na nyrn x xncrnnnocrn ncunano
nosmoxnocrn nnunocrn. Mt xax rannrt xanymcx na +ro nonoxnn nm,
ax cnn nam yarcx ycrannrt nyr nyrm asmnnx nnornucxoro
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xon]nnxra.
3ro nc, uro x xorn nam cxasart o xncrnnnocrn. asymrcx, nc +ro
nnonno n ]armnrano, a n n ncra nnxrno snyunr. satnar, uro
mt onncann xnmnny nnmt n ro m, n xaxo cymnocrt on-
nxrcx cxcyantno ]ynxnn. 3ro nnnxnn saxonr, nana, ount
anxo, no mt nmm n nny, uro orntnax xnmnna nc anno moxr trt
unonucxnm cymcrnom. cnn nt xornr snart o xncrnnnocrn ontm, ro
cnocnr o +rom cocrnnnt xnsnnnt ontr, nnn oarnrct x no+ram, nnn
nooxnr, noxa nayxa n acr nam on rnyoxn n nyum cornacymmncx
yr c yrom cnnnx.
H KH
xcnnnx, nnnoxnnx, onnrannn
Vnaxamt amt n rocnoa! osnontr mn nmcro, rax cxasart, cyxoro
nsnoxnnx marnana noconart c namn o nmax, nmmmnx ount mano
rornucxoro snaunnx, no nc-raxn nnsxo xacammnxcx nac, nocxontxy nt
nt yxcxn nacront no ornomnnm x ncnxoanannsy? crannm c,
nannm, cnyua, xora nt n uact ocyra r n yxn nmnxn,
anrnncxn nnn amnxancxn oman, oxnax narn n nm onncann nm n
nm na cronxmnn nt. s ncxontxo crannn nt naranxnnarct na
nno cyxnn o ncnxoananns, a sarm n na yrn, ax cnn ns
xonrxcra +ro, no-nnnmomy, n ntrxar. ymar, uro ut nr o
ncnontsonannn rnynnno ncnxonornn nx nyumro nonnmannx crnymmnx nnn
nnn nx nocrynxon, xorx cymcrnymr n on ctsnt counnnnx, n xorotx
+rn nontrxn crnnrntno nmmrcx. r, no ontm uacrn +ro nnmt
nonnucxn samuannx, xorotmn anro omana xour noxasart cnom
naunrannocrt nnn nnrnnxryantno nnocxocrno. anxo n ncra y nac
nosnnxar nnuarnnn, uro on crnnrntno snar ro, o um ntcxastnarcx.
nn nt nr n yxcxym xomnannm oroxnyrt, +ro moxr trt n n n n.
s
nxoroo nmx asrono nxonr na ncnxoananns, n nt cntmnr, xax camt
asnnunt nmn ntcxastnamr cno cyxnn no ontm uacrn n ron
ncomnnno ynnnocrn. yxnn +ro otuno nnxnrntno, uacro
ant, no mntm m, nnont nacmmxa. cnn nt yr rax nocrooxnt n
ntanr, uro xo-uro nonnmar n nmr, na nac nc naxnnyrcx, ryx
cnnn n oxcnnn, n us nxoroo nmx nt ynrct, uro nc +rn
crorn nnronot orcrynamr n nmo nn]omann, uro na nn xort onn
ns +rnx nornnnnxon an n yxn xorx t ony anannrnucxym xnnry, a cnn
nc-raxn an, ro n noonn nnoro x conornnnnnx nn snaxomcrn c
nontm marnanom.
r nnnnx n ncnxoananns nt, moxr trt, n xr yxasannx, xaxn
arymnrt ncnontsonart nx ncnannnnx xnno omnountx mnnn o ananns,
xaxn xnnrn xomnonart nx nyumro osnaxomnnnx c nnm nnn x xaxn
nnmt ns nnraryt nnn namro ontra cnyr nnnonrt n ncxyccnn,
urot nsmnnrt ycranonxy omcrna. o x nomy nac, n nar nnuro
+roro. 3ro tno t cnonsno, nyum ncro nam noom cxtrt cnom
ocnomnnnocrt. cnn x +ro yx nnosmoxno, ro orannutrct rm, uro
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cxaxnr: nacxontxo nam nsncrno, ncnxoananns - ocoax oracnt snannx,
ount rynax nx nonnmannx n ocyxnnx, n sannmarcx on ount ctsntmn
nmamn, rax uro myrnrt sct nuro, a nx nynnuntx asnnunn nyum
noncxart yrym nrymxy. xonuno x, n yuacrnyr n nontrxax
ronxonann, cnn nocrooxnt nmn accxaxyr cnon cnonnnnx, n n
noanarct ncxymnnm nonart croonnnxon anannsa coomnnxmn o cnyuaxx
ntsoonnnnx.
o nt moxr cnocnrt, noumy +rn nmn, xax nnmymn xnnrn, rax n nymn
asronot, nyr cx
rax nxoxrno, n cxnonnrct x nnonoxnnm, uro no n rontxo n nmxx,
no n n ncnxoananns rox. ymam o +rom rouno rax x; ro, uro n
nnrary n omcrn ntcrynar nx nac xax naccyox - +ro nocncrnnx
nmcrnymmro cyxnnx, a nmnno cyxnnx, xoroo nosnonxnn c
ncrannrnn o]nnnantno nayxn o monoom ncnxoananns. yx onaxt
xanonancx na +ro n ono ncronucxo aor n n yy nart +roro nnont
- trt moxr, n +roro onoro-ro asa cnnmxom mnoro, - no noncrnn n tno
nn onoro naymnnx saxonon nornxn, anno xax n nn onoro naymnnx nannn
nnnnunx n xoomro rona, x xoroomy n nnrann rora nayunt nornnnnxn
ncnxoanannsa. nryannx tna, xax n cnn nxa, xora ncrynnnxa nnn
ax ncro nnmt nonnrnucxoro nornnnnxa nnrnoxann x nosonomy crony n
oranann na noyrann unn. nt, moxr trt, n ncrannxr c
orurnnno, nacxontxo n namm omcrn acnocranxrcx yno ron n xaxn
soasnx nosnonxmr c nmn, cnn onn xax uacrt om macct uyncrnymr
cx ocnooxnntmn or nnuno ornrcrnnnocrn. K nauany rx nmn x tn
onontno onnox, ncxo ynnn, uro nonmnxa n nmr nnxaxnx ncnxrnn n
uro ax camoonnnnn n annnnonann x nyumnm ymam cnonsno, rax xax
nocro n cymcrnyr nnxaxnx nncrannn, xorot onxnt tnn t
accmarnnart xanoy. ora x nomn yrnm nyrm, x nnnt nnmnnn
ncnxoananns, oxcnnn c nonnn macct ]nomnom roro x camoro
conornnnnnx, c xorotm x ooncx y orntntx nannnron, cam
nosxnnancx or nonmnxn n oxastnan nnnxnn n rom x nanannnnn na cnonx
croonnnxon, xorot nocrnnno noxnnxnnct. Mro tn xoom, onana, n
xoroym nonan rora ananns, c rx no tna cnxra, no xax ocrannnnax na
noonxar xnrt n cynnn, a
ornrnyrax nayxo ronx coxanxrcx n naonom mnnnn, rax n ror
nnonauantnt oxor ncnxoanannsa nayuntmn xyramn noonxarcx cronx n
nonnucxom nnxnnn nnmymnx xnnrn n nymnx ct nmnrn. ax
uro n ynnnxrct +romy.
o n n narct ycntmart aocrno nsncrn, uro ota sa ananns
saxonuna n nnnna nmcr c nnsnannm ro xax nayxn x nnoanannm ro
xax yunoro marnana n ynnncnrr. +rom n moxr trt n un, ona
noonxarcx, rontxo n on nxnnntx ]omax. ontm xnnxrcx raxx ro, uro
n nayunom omcrn oasonancx nxn amornsnymmn cno mxy anannsom n
ro nornnnnxamn, nmn, xorot onycxamr nannun uro-ro nnnoro n
ananns, nnsnamr +ro nn naronnxrntx ycnonnxx, saro n nnmnmr yro,
o um onn n moryr saxnnrt no ncycntmann. ro onnxr nx nto,
nnrxo asraart. nnmo, +ro nnunt cnmnarnn. noro asaxar
cxcyantnocrt, yroro - ccosnarntno, oconno, xaxrcx, nnsnmnnn
]axr cnmnonnxn. o, uro sann ncnxoanannsa, xorx m n sanmnno, yx
cronx ncrannxr coo nncrno, ns xorooro nntsx nonsnontno
ntactnart orntnt +nmnrt, +rnmn +xnxrnxamn, xaxrcx, n
yunrtnarcx. n or onoro ns +rnx nony- n urnrtnnnxnnn x n
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nonyunn nnuarnnnx, uro nx orxas ocnonan na nonx. ax nxorot
ntammncx myxn ornocxrcx x +ro xarronn. ana, nx nsnnnxr ror ]axr,
uro nx nmx, xax n nx nnrc, nocnxmnt yrnm nmam, a nmnno rm, n
mnnn xorotx onn ocrnrnn cront snaunrntntx ycnxon. o n nyum rora
tno t nm nosxartcx or cyxnnx, nmcro roro urot ntcrynart cront
mnrntno. noro ns +rnx nnnxnx nm mn yanoct onaxt tcro
oarnrt n cnom ny. 3ro tn ncmnno nsncrnt xnrnx, xorot c
narocxnonntm nnnmannm n nooucxn ocrtm nsrnxom cnnn sa yxonntmn
runnxmn nmnn. nosnaxomnncx c nnm rontxo rora, xora my tno sa
nocmtcxr, no on tn nc m ouaonarntntm cocnnxom. t nrxo
oraarct, xoro x nmm n nny. x nnt sann asrono o
ncnxoananns, +ro cnan on, oamaxct xo mn camtm cxomntm oasom. "
rontxo nnraro, - cxasan on, - a nt - crcrnoncntrarnt n
nnoorxtnarnt. o x xouy nam cxasart ono: x nnxora n nmn
cxcyantntx uyncrn x cno marn". "o nt conmnno n n oxsant o nnx
snart, - nosasnn x, - nt nx nsocntx +ro ccosnarntnt noncct". -
"x, nt rax +ro nonnmar", - cxasan on onrunno n noxan mom yxy. Mt
conann n oom cornacnn m ncxontxo uacon. osn x cntman, uro sa
ror xoorxn ocrarox xnsnn, xorot my cyxno tno m noxnrt, on
nonoxarno yxcxn orstnancx o ananns n oxorno ynornxn nono nx
nro cnono "ntrcnnn".
sncrno nsunn nanomnnar, uro nao nsyuart cnonx naron. nsnamct,
mn nnxora +ro n yananoct, no x nc x yman, uro nx nac tno t
noyunrntntm, cnn t x nnnnxn c namn nonxy ncx ynxon n
nosaxnn, xorot nornnnnxn ncnxoanannsa ntnnrann nornn nro, n
yxasan t na ----------------------------------------
* o snom asmtmnnnn (anrn.). - nm. n.
xoroym onn coxannnn naroax orcrannnm or ontra ncnxoanannsa. o x
snam, uro mn n rax nrxo yr ornartcx n yrnx cnyuaxx. t nocrannr
mn n ynx: nt crt rax mnoro nnn, x xorotm nam nocnn samuann
n noxonr. nn n orxasannct or anannrnucxoro ontra, anannsnonann
nannnron, moxr trt, camn nonrnnct anannsy, tnn xaxo-ro nmx
namnmn corynnxamn n nc-raxn nnmnn x yrnm nossnnxm n ronxm, na
ocnonannn xorotx oromnn or nac n ocnonann camocroxrntnt mxont
ncnxoanannsa. nosmoxnocrn n snaunnn +rnx nnxnn orxoa, cront uacrtx
n xo asnnrnx anannsa, nt onxnt tnn t art nam oxcnnn.
a, x nontramct +ro cnart, nana, nxarn, noromy uro nx nonnmannx
ncnxoanannsa +ro acr mntm, um nt ymar. snam, uro n nnym out
nt nmr n nny nnnnnyantnym ncnxonornm na, xoroax n mnx,
nannm, accmarnnarcx xax nanomounax noounax nnnnx namro
ncnxoanannsa n otuno ynomnnarcx nmcr c nnm. crnnrntnocrn ona
nmr c nnm ount mano omro, no ncncrnn onnnntx ncronucxnx
ocroxrntcrn nr n nxoroom o naasnrnucxo cymcrnonann sa ro
cur. K ocnonarnm ycnonnx, xorot mt nnonaram nx nornnnnxon
yro rynnt, noxoxr nnmt n nsnaunrntno m. amo nasnann xnnxrcx
nyauntm, xaxrcx cncrnnm sarynnnx; mt n moxm c nosnonnrt
nommart nontsonartcx nm c nonntm nanom n xaucrn nornnononoxnocrn
ncnxonornn macc; ro, um sannmamcx mt, rox xnnxrcx no ontm uacrn n
nx ncro ncnxonorn unonucxoro nnnnnyyma. oxrnnnym xnrnxy
nnnnnyantno ncnxonornn na x n yy cronx nanartcx, ona n
nxonr n nnan +roro nnnnx, x raxx ntrancx yx onaxt +ro cnart n n
nnxy nnunn uro-nno nsmnxrt n n. nnuarnnn, xoroo ona
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nonsnonr, x nyum noxaxy na nnm manntxoro noncmcrnnx n rot o
nosnnxnonnnx anannsa.
nnsn manntxoro moancxoro rooxa, n xoroom x onncx n xorot
noxnnyn rxnrnnm nxom, naxonrcx cxomnt xyor, yronammn n
nxacno snnn. rnmnasnucxn rot x ncxontxo as tnan ram na
xannxynax. nmno na cxrnnrnx cnycrx onsnt ono nnsxo
ocrnnnnnt nocnyxnna nonoom cnona ynnrt +ro mcro. c c
xyorntm nauom, xorot oxastnan nomomt mo ocrnnnnn, x ocnomnncx
o ro ornomnnxx co cnonanxnmn xcrtxnamn, xorot snmo cocrannxnn ro
nncrnnnym xnnnryy. n accxasan, xaxnm oasom ocymcrnnxrcx ro
naunax xrntnocrt: xo nmnn nnmntx uacon nannnrt nnxoxr n ro
xannr n cranonxrcx n x. 3arm onn sa yrnm ntxoxr nn n xanymrcx
na cnon nyrn: y nro- onn n xcrnono onacrn, nnn cnasmt xnyxa,
nnn ycranocrt n norax n r. . 3arm nau ocnyr xaxoro n, nox n xyc
na, oxnnxr narnos, n xaxom cnyua onn n ror x. n nnn mn +ro
cnono, ono osnauano ro x camo, uro "nuncrt". cnocnn ynnnnno, n
nosaxann nn xcrtxn, uro on y ncx naxonn ony n ry x onsnt. "
nr, - ornrnn ror, - onn tnn ount onontnt rm, uro +ro tno nmnno ro,
uro onn oxnann. Kaxt, nosnamaxct n x, noxcnxn yromy mnmnxo n
xcramn: a, +ror snar cno no". ora x cmyrno ncrannxn c, nn
xaxnx ocroxrntcrnax cnona ncruyct c ananornuno cnryann(1).
yt xro-ro romocxcyanncrom nnn nxo]nnom, sanyranntm ncrnxom,
nsonnonanntm nnornxom c
- ---------------------------------------
(1) 3ct u ntcxastnar nncymn yxyasnomy mnonossnnm
nnxnrntnt nsrnx na naont macct, nx mnnmym nnrnnxryantnym
orannunnocrt.
nanxsunntmn cocroxnnxmn nnn yno nommanntm, n xaxom cnyua
nocnonarnt nnnnnyantno ncnxonornn anoncxoro nanannnnx
nnonoxnr nymnm mornnom |434|
yr nx oxcnnnx on ono nnunnt, naroana nayx n sa
noonocrn, xour nmrt nocrt mnnx n cunrart nonmt asmnntmn.
cnn nsncnrt, nacxontxo nnnnnyantnax ncnxonornx ornuar +rnm
ronannxm, ro nntsx n ncnomnnrt ono ntcxastnann ns annnmrna:
yt rax +ror samtcn xonan,
Inynmnm x nasnart t mor ro!
(no . nanxrnncxoro)
Knrnxa cnnnanncron, cront nymonnmax n ornomnnn ncnxoanannsa, n omm
xocnynact nnnnnyantno ncnxonornn sammntmn nuarxamn. ana, n
mnx tn cnyua, xora onn ns nnnmnx ncnxnaron onynnxonan crartm
nornn na no nasnannm nough!,* r on ntasnn cno ornamnn x
"nanxsunnomy nonronnm". cnn yrn nnn cx namnoro nmsn, ro,
nnnmo, +romy cnococrnonana naxnocrt x anannsy.
yrnx mxonax, xorot ornrnnnnct or namro ncnxoanannsa, mn n nyxno
mnoro rononrt. o, uro +ro nonsomno, n rononr nn sa, nn nornn
ncnxoanannsa. oymar o cnntntx a]]xrnnntx ]axroax, xorot mnornm
sarynxmr nosmoxnocrt nxnmunrtcx no uro-ro nnn nounnnrtcx umy-ro n o
m ontmnx rynocrxx, xorot no nany nouxnnar ntaxnn uot
capita tot sensus.** cnn asnnunx no mnnnxx nmarnynn onnnnym
rannny, ro camo nncooasno asmxnartcx n c +rnx no nrn
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asnnuntmn nyrxmn, oconno xora rornucxo asnnun nmr cnonm
cncrnnm nsmnnnx naxrnucxnx crnn. nonoxnr, nannm, uro xa-
- ---------------------------------------
* onontno! (anrn.) - nm. n.
** xontxo ronon - crontxo ymon (nar.). - nm. n.
xo-ro anannrnx noonnnnar nnnxnn nnunoro nomnoro n ntrarcx
oxcnnrt nnunnt nnoson ncxnmunrntno mornnamn nacroxmro n oxnannxmn,
nanannnntmn n yym. 3arm on yr nnrart anannsom rcrna,
noom naunr nontsonartcx yro rxnnxo, a nocrarox anntx anannsa
rcrna onxn yr nosmcrnrt ycnnnnm cnoro rornucxoro nnnxnnx n
nxmtmn yxasannxmn na xnsnnnt nnn. ora mt, yrn, cxaxm: +ro, moxr
trt, n mxona myocrn, no yx nnxax n ananns. nn yro moxr nnrn x
ntnoy, uro nxnnann craxa oxnnx xnnxrcx saotmm ncx
nocnymmnx nnornucxnx naymnn, rora my noxaxrcx nannntntm
orannunrtcx anannsom crnn +roro onoro nnuarnnnx n omart
rannrnucxn ycnx us rn-urt mcxna nunnx. 3amrtr, x ntan
na nnma, xorot ncxoxr ns namrantno nornnononoxntx nnoctnox.
axon nourn ncomn xaaxr "nnxnn orxoa", xaxo ns nnx onnanar
xaxo-ro uacrtm orarcrna mornnon n ncnxoananns n cranonnrcx
camocroxrntntm na ocnon +roro onnannx, yt ro crmnnn x nnacrn,
+rnucxn xon]nnxr, mart, rnnrantnocrt n r. . cnn nam xaxrcx, uro
raxn orxot n asnnrnn ncnxoanannsa cronx noncxoxr uam, um n yrnx
yxonntx nnxnnxx, ro n snam, onxn nn x cornacnrtcx c namn. Kont cxoo
+ro rax, ro ornrcrnnntmn sa +ro cnyr cunrart rcnt cnxsn mxy
rornucxnmn nsrnxamn n rannrnucxo naxrnxo, xorot cymcrnymr n
ncnxoananns. asnnunx rontxo no mnnnxx moxno tno t ntnocnrt ontm.
ac, ncnxoanannrnxon, nmxr onnnxrt n nrnnmocrn. nncrnnntm
noxnnnnm +roro ornarnrntnoro xaucrna tno asmxnann nmnno c
nnaxomtcnxmnmn. ocrantnom nx nn n um n onnn; nanornn, onn nonann n
naronnxrno nonoxnn, c rx no nm crano nyum, um
antm, rax xax nocn orxoa onn ocnoonnnct or ynxon, or xorotx mt
satxamcx, nannm, n nosonocrn rcxo cxcyantnocrn nnn
cmxornonocrn cnmnonnxn, a rnt nx cunramr n mn nanononnny ucrntmn,
um mt, ocranmncx, n xnnxmcx. nn camn oromnn or nac nnnort o onoro
nnmuarntnoro ncxnmunnx.
Kaxn x m nnrxsannx nt oosnaunr nasnannm rnnmocrt? or cnyua,
xora xro-ro ntasnn mnnn, xoroo nt cunrar aconmrno nnannntntm,
no rononr my: "ontmo cnacno, uro nt ntasnnn +ro nornnoun. t
cnacnn nac or onacnocrn camoonontcrna n ar nam nosmoxnocrt oxasart
amnxannam, uro mt crnnrntno nacrontxo roadminded,* nacxontxo onn
ncra +roro xnann. Mt n nnm nn onomy cnony ns roro, uro nt rononr,
no +ro nnaxno. oxrno, nt rax x nant, xax n mt. Kro noom moxr
snart, xro nan? osnontr nam, ncmorx na connnucrno, ntasnrt namy
rouxy snnx n nnrary. amcx, uro nt yr cront nmsnt n
nocraarct ntcxasartcx sa namy, xoroym nt ornrar". 3ro, ounnno,
cranr n yymm otuntm n nayuno aor, xora oxonuarntno yrnnrcx
snoynornnn ron ornocnrntnocrn 3nmrna. ana, noxa mt o
+roro n omnn. Mt orannunnamcx crao mano ncrannxrt cnon
cocrnnnt yxnnx, nonraxct onacnocrn omnnrtcx, noromy uro nornn
+roro nntsx samnrnrtcx, n ornram ro, uro nam nornnounr.
ncnxoananns mt n ocrarouno nonno m nontsonannct nanom na nsmnnn
cnoro mnnnx, cnn nonarann, uro namnn uro-ro nyum.
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nnm ns nntx nnnoxnn ncnxoanannsa tno ro, uro on nayunn nac
nonnmart nornnnnxon, xorot noxnnnnct n namm oxyxnnn ns-sa roro, uro
mt sa-
- ---------------------------------------
* nnmt (anrn. - nm. n.
nnmannct ncnxoanannsom. yrn nnnoxnnx, oxrnnnoro xaaxra, moryr
ntsnart on omn nnrc. t namnm nntm namnnm tno nonxrt
naymnnx unonucxo ymnno xnsnn, noromy uro onn noasnrntnt
nnm noxasan, uro nonnmann n ntsoonnnn sct nourn connaamr, uro
nyrt, no xoroomy moxno nrn, nr or onoro x yromy. +ro onro
nmx ocrananoct namnm nncrnnntm namnnm. o sarm mt onayxnnn
rcnym cnxst, ax nnyrnnmm nnrnunocrt mxy naronornucxnmn n rax
nastnamtmn nomantntmn nonccamn, ncnxoananns cran rnynnno
ncnxonorn, a rax xax nnuro ns roro, uro unonx cosar nnn um
sannmarcx, nntsx nonxrt s nomomn ncnxonornn, ncnxoananns namn cno
nnmnnn n mnorouncnnntx onacrxx nayxn, oconno rymannrantx, ono
nanamnnanoct camo coo n ronano asaorxn(1). K coxannnm, +rn
saaun naronxnynnct na nnxrcrnnx, no cyrn na oocnonannt, xorot n
noonnt n no c nt. axo nnmnnn nnonarar no]ccnonantnt
snannx, xorotx n nmmr anannrnxn, n ro nmx xax r, xro nmn onaar,
nnuro n snamr o ananns, a moxr trt, n xorxr nnuro snart. axnm
oasom, nonyunnoct, uro anannrnxn, xax nnranrt c on nnn mn
ocrarountm araxom, uacro coanntm n cnmx, nnnnnmann +xcxyct n
raxn onacrn
- ---------------------------------------
(1) cnn y ncroxon ncnxoanannsa u orannunnan ro nnrxsannx xnnnnxo
nnoson, ro n antnmm, aconmrnsnyx asaorannt nm na +rom
marnan rnnorst n nonxrnx, on acnocrannn nx na ncm onacrt
unonucxo xyntryt n n cnxsn c +rnm nonaran, uro rymannrant nayxn
moryr trt noasonant na ocnon anntx ncnxoanannsa. 3xcnancnx
nocnnro n +rn nayxn nonnxna sa coo nonnxnonnn n nnx omnountx
ncrannnn o onnxmm onn ccosnarntno ncnxnxn (rnanntm
oasom cxcyantntx ]axroon) n asnnrnn xyntryt n ncxyccrna.
nayx, xax mn]onornx, ncronx xyntryt, +rnonornx, nnrnonnn n r. .
ocroxnno sannmammncx +rnmn nayxamn nccnonarnn oxonnnct c nnmn
noom xax c nsnantmn rocrxmn, nonauany orxastnax nm n snaxomcrn xax co
cnonmn mroamn, rax n c syntraramn, cnn r cronnn nnnmannx. o +rn
ornomnnx nocroxnno ynyumamrcx, no ncx onacrxx acrr uncno nnn,
nsyuammnx ncnxoananns c rm, urot nnmnnrt ro n cno cnnnantno
onacrn, cmnnrt nnonon n xaucrn xononncron. 3ct mt moxm naxrtcx
na orart yoxa nontx nsrnxon. nmnnn anannsa - +ro ncra n ro
yrnxnn. am, r nayunax aora orcronr or naxrnucxo xrntnocrn
anxo, nnsxnax ota mnnn, noxany, yr mn oxcrounno.
omymam cnntnt conasn noxasart nam nc nosmoxnt nnnoxnnx
ncnxoanannsa n rymannrantx nayxax. 3rn nmn, ocront nnnmannx xaxoro
unonxa c yxonntmn nnrcamn, a xaxo-ro nmx nnuro n cntmart o
nnomantnocrn n onsnn tno t nx nac sacnyxnntm ortxom. o x
ntnyxn orxasartcx or +roro, +ro onxrt ynno t nac sa amxn namnx c,
a, ucrno ronox, x n n cnocon ntnonnnrt +ry saauy. nxorotx ns
+rnx onacr x, nana, cam cnan nnt mar, no cronx yx n mory
oxnarnrt marnan no nc nonnor, n mn nnmnoct t nsyunrt mnoro nx
roro, urot asoartcx n rom, uro nonoro noxnnnoct co nmnn monx
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naunnann. ns nac, xro asouaonan monm orxasom, moxr nnonn
yonnrnonrtcx namnm xynanom Image, nnasnaunntm n nx mnnnncxoro
nnnoxnnx anannsa.
ontxo ony rmy x n mory rax nocro oorn, n noromy, uro mnoro nonnmam
nnn cam rax mnoro cnan n n. oncm naooor, x m nourn nnxora n
sannmancx. mxy rm +ro rax usntuano naxno, rax mnoro omar n
yymm n, moxr trt, xnnxrcx ca-
mtm naxntm ns ncro, um sannmarcx ananns. nmm n nny ncnontsonannx
ncnxoanannsa n narornx, n nocnnrannn yymro noxonnnx(1). a, no
xan m, coomnrt, uro mox out, nna u, nnnr n +ro aor cnom
xnsnnnym saauy n nnxnnnyr, raxnm oasom, mo ynymnn. yrt, xorot
nr x +romy ncnontsonannm, nrxo noarcx oosnnm. Kora mt nn
nunnn nsocnoro nnornxa nccnonann rmnnnonannocrt ro cnmnromon,
ro nocroxnno oxonnn o ro annro rcrna. 3nannx on nosn
+rnonornn tno nocrarouno nn nx nonnmannx, nn nx rannrnucxoro
noscrnnx. ax mt tnn ntnyxnt nosnaxomnrtcx c ncnxnucxnmn
oconnocrxmn rcxoro nosacra n ysnann ontmo xonnucrno nm, xorot
moxno tno ycranonnrt nnmt n nnau xax naroax anannsy, cmornn nncrn
raxx nonanxn no mnorn omnnsnannt mnnnx o rcrn. Mt onayxnnn,
uro nnt rcxn rot (nnmno o nxrn nr) nmmr ocoo snaunn no
ncxontxnm nnunnam. o-nntx, noromy uro n +ro nmx noncxonr annn
acnnr cxcyantnocrn, ocrannxx nocn cx mammn nx cxcyantno xnsnn
snoro nnoa noyxnnx. o-nrotx, noromy uro nnuarnnnx +roro
nmnn naamr na nsanmnno n cnao , na xoroo onn crnymr xax
ranmt. moxr samnrnrtcx or a]]xrnnntx yt, xorot onn ntstnamr, n
um nntm, xax ntrcnnnm, n nonyuar raxnm cnocoom n rcxom nosacr
nc nacnonoxnnx x nocnymmnm saonnannxm n ]ynxnnonantntm
naymnnxm. Mt nonxnn, uro rynocrt rcrna cocronr n rom, uro sa
xoorxn nno nmnn nox
- ---------------------------------------
(1) annt conmnno narornxn n ncnxonornn noxasann orannunnt
nosmoxnocrn ncnxoanannrnucxo rxnnxn n nnan ncnontsonannx n nnxx
nosnrnnnoro asnnrnx mornnannonno c]t nxa.
onxn onnart syntraramn xyntrynoro asnnrnx, xoroo nnnoct
rtcxunrnx, onnart nnunnxmn n connantno nncnoconrtcx, no xan
m, cnart nnt marn n oonx nanannnnxx. nonm cocrnnntm
asnnrnm on nnmt uacrnuno onnarcx nsmnnnx n +ry croony, mnoro
nnxonrcx nanxstnart my nocnnrannm. ac n ynnnxr, cnn nox uacro
n nnonn cnannxrcx c +ro saau. +ror annn nno mnorn rn - n
yx, xonuno, nc r, xro nosn orxtro saonnamr, - nxnnamr
cocroxnnx, xorot moxno nnannxrt x nnosam. V nxorotx r onsnt
n oxnarcx nnoa snocrn, ona naunnarcx yx n rcrn n ocrannxr
mnoro xnonor onrnxm n nauam.
Mt nncxontxo n onacannct nnmnxrt anannrnucxym rannm x raxnm rxm,
xorot onayxnnann nnn nnycmtcnnnt nnornucxn cnmnromt, nnn x
nnoctnxn nx nnaronnxrnoro asnnrnx xaaxra. nacnn nonnrt
nxy anannsom, xoroo ntaxann nornnnnxn anannsa, oxasanoct
noocnonanntm. nnnnmax +ro, mt ntnrtnann n rom, uro mornn
nornnrt na xnnom oxr ro, uro y nsocntx orxtnann, rax cxasart, ns
ncronucxnx oxymnron. o n nx r +ro tno ount naronnxrno.
xasanoct, uro nox - ount ntront oxr nx anannrnucxo rannn;
ycnxn nunnx ocnonarntnt n noonxnrntnt. asymrcx, rxnnxa,
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asaorannax nx nunnx nsocnoro, nx nxa onxna trt no mnorom
nsmnna. cnxonornucxn nox yro oxr, um nsocnt, y nro m
nr nx-, mro cnoono acconnannn nr nanxo, nncnn nrar
yrym ont, rax xax cymcrnymr m antnt onrnn. nyrnnn
conornnnnnx, c xorotmn mt omcx y nsocnoro, samnxmrcx y nxa
otuno nnmnnmn rynocrxmn. cnn onrnn
cranonxrcx nocnrnxmn conornnnnnx, rax uro nnt anannsa nnn cam noncc
nonramrcx onacnocrn, ro uacro nn ananns nxa noxonmo nmnoro
nonnnxrt n na onrn. yro croont, nnsxnt orxnonnnx anannsa
nxa or anannsa nsocnoro ymntmamrcx naroax romy ocroxrntcrny,
uro nxorot namn nannnrt coxannnn rax mnoro nn]anrnntntx ur
xaaxra, uro anannrnxam onxrt-raxn nx nncnoconnnx x oxry n
ocrananoct nnuro yroro, xax ncnontsonart n nx cnyua onnnnt
nnmt rcxoro anannsa. amo coo nonyunnoct, uro rcxn ananns cran
nonaart y xnmnn-anannrnxon, n rax +ro, nnnmo, n ocranrcx.
Mnnn, uro ontmnncrno namnx r noxonr n cnom asnnrnn
nnornucxym ]asy, ncr n c saotm rnrnnnucxoro ronannx. Moxno
nocrannrt nonoc, n nncooasno nn nomout nxy anannsom, ax cnn
on n onayxnnar nnxaxnx nnsnaxon naymnnx, n xaucrn no]nnaxrnxn
ro soontx rax, xax cronx narcx nnnnnxa nornn n]rnn soontm
rxm, n oxnaxct, noxa onn saonmr m. ncxyccnx no +romy nonocy na
cronxmnn nt nmr nnmt axamnucxn nnrc, x mory c nosnonnrt
ocynrt ro c namn; nx ontmoro uncna namnx conmnnnxon yx noxr
noxasancx t yxacno ]nnontnocrtm, a nn cymcrnymmm n nacroxm nmx
ornomnnn ontmnncrna onrn x anannsy nyxno orxasartcx or ncxxo
naxt na ro nonnn n xnsnt. axax no]nnaxrnxa nnosnocrn, xoroax
tna t crnnno, nnonarar conmnno nnym ycranonxy omcrna.
Inanno non xrntnocrn nx ncnontsonannx ncnxoanannsa n nocnnrannn
naxonrcx cronx n yrom mcr. Vxcnnm nx cx, uro xnnxrcx nnxam
saau nocnnrannx. nox onxn onnart nnunnxmn. art my
cnooy c rm, urot on norannunno cnonan ncm cnonm nmnyntcam,
nnosmoxno. 3ro tn t ount noyunrntnt +xcnnmnr nx rcxnx
ncnxonoron, no nn +rom n onxno tno t trt n xnntx onrn, a camnm
rxm nancn tn t ontmo n, xorot cxasancx t oruacrn casy,
oruacrn n nocnymmn rot. rax, nocnnrann onxno romosnrt, sanmart,
noannxrt, uro ono no nc nmna ycnmno n nano. o ns anannsa mt
ysnam, uro xax as +ro noannnn nnunn ncr n c onacnocrt
nnornucxoro saonnannx. omnnr, mt rmarntno nccnonann, xaxnmn
nyrxmn +ro noncxonr. axnm oasom, nocnnrann onxno ncxart cno nyrt
mxy nnnno nocrannnnx nonno cnoot crnn n Xano sanra.
Xorx saaua n xnnxrcx noom nasmnmo, nyxno narn nx nocnnrannx
onrnmantnt nananr, r. . ocrnut xax moxno ontmro n xax moxno mntm
nonnrt. ut nr o rom, urot mnrt, cxontxo moxno sanmart, n xaxo
nmx n xaxnmn ccrnamn. an noxonmo cunrartcx c rm, uro oxrt
nocnnrannx ncyr n c camt asnnunt xoncrnrynnonantnt
nacnonoxnnx, rax uro onn n ror x mro nocnnrarntnoro noscrnnx
n moxr trt onnaxono xoom nx ncx r. nymm cooaxnn
cnnrntcrnyr o rom, uro nocnnrann o cnx no ount nnoxo ntnonnxno
cnom saauy n nnunnxno rxm mnoro na. cnn ono nar onrnmym n mnr
cnom saauy nantno, ro moxno naxrtcx na ycrannn onoro ]axroa n
+rnonornn saonnannx - nnnxnnx noountx rcxnx ranm. yro ]axro -
cnny n nonxam sanry xoncrnrynnn nnunn - ono nnxonm oasom n
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cmoxr ycrannrt. cnn noymart rnt nocrannnnt n nocnnrarnm
rynt saaun: ysnart xoncrnrynnonantno cnooasn nxa, no manmnm
nnsnaxam acnosnart,
uro noncxonr n ro nc]omnonanmcx ymnno xnsnn, ntasnrt my n
nyxno m nmont n nc-raxn coxannrt crnnnocrt anronrra, ro
cxaxmt c: nncrnnno nncooasno nororonxo x no]ccnn
nocnnrarnx xnnxrcx ocnonarntno ncnxoanannrnucxo oyunn. yum
ncro cnn on cam nonrnrcx anannsy, noromy uro s ontra na
cocrnnno nnunocrn nntsx nc-raxn onnart anannsom. nanns yunrn n
nocnnrarn xaxrcx on crnnno no]nnaxrnucxo mo, um ananns
camnx r, a n nn ro nonnnn nosnnxnr mntm rynocr.
o mxy nounm, cnonano t noymart o xocnnnom cocrnnn nocnnrannm
r nn nomomn anannsa, xorot co nmnm moxr nnocrn ontm
nnnxnn. onrnn, camn ysnanmn ananns n mnornm my oxsannt, n rom
uncn n nonnmannm omnox n cocrnnnom nocnnrannn, yyr oamartcx co
cnonmn rtmn on couyncrnnno n nsanxr nx or mnororo, or uro camn n
tnn nsannnt. aannntno co craannxmn anannrnxon oxasart nnnxnn na
nocnnrann nonoxrcx nccnonannx o nosnnxnonnnn n nynxnnn
cnnsonocrn n ncrynnocrn. 3ct x nam rox nnmt nnorxom nn n
noxaxy noxon sa nnmn, no n nny nac nonnyrt. Vnn, uro cnn nam
nnrc x ncnxoanannsy coxannrcx, nt cmoxr ysnart o +rnx nmax mnoro
nonoro n nnnoro. o mn n xornoct t ocrannxrt rmy nocnnrannx, n
ynomxnyn o onnnno roux snnx. xasano - n c nonntm nanom, - uro
nmo nocnnrann narnno, uro ono crmnrcx, urot nox nncnoconncx
x cymcrnymmmy omcrnnnomy crom, n yunrtnax, nacxontxo on cam no c
nnn n nacxontxo ycrounn. yyun yxnntm n nocrarxax namnx
conmnntx connantntx yuxnn, nntsx onantnart roro, urot
nm na cnyxy tno nocrannno m n ncnxoanannrnucxn onnrnonanno
nocnnrann. nnm nyxno nocrannrt yrym, on ntcoxym nnt
ocnooxnnx or rocnocrnymmnx connantntx ronann. o x nonaram, uro
+ror arymnr sct nymcrn. onann ntxonr sa amxn ]ynxnn
anannsa. au, nnsnannt nunrt nnnmonnm, rox n onxn saornrtcx o
rom, xnnxrcx nn saonnmn oasnontm unonxom, camoynn nnn
ncrynnnxom, sacnyxnn nn on, urot ocranartcx n xnntx, n nyxno nn my
+roro xnart. 3ra yrax nnt, xoroym xorxr nocrannrt n nocnnrannm,
rox yr narnno, n n no anannrnxa ntnart mxy narnxmn. Mnx
nncxontxo n ynnnr, uro ncnxoanannsy yr orxasano n nmom nnnxnnn na
nocnnrann, cnn on saxnnr o cno nnuacrnocrn x namnnxm, n
cornacymmnmcx c cymcrnymmnm omcrnnntm crom. cnxoanannrnucxo
nocnnrann nostmr na cx nnyxnym ornrcrnnnocrt, cnn nocrannr c
nntm nntnart cnoro nocnnrannnxa n mxrxnnxa. no cnar cno no,
coxannn ro no nosmoxnocrn soontm n aorocnocontm. nm camom
coxnrcx ocrarouno nonmnnonntx momnron, urot raanrnonart, uro ro
nocnnrannnx n nocnymm xnsnn n ncranr na croony rcca n
noannnnx. ax nonaram, uro rn-nonmnnont nn n xaxom ornomnnn n
xnarntnt.
Vnaxamt amt n rocnoa! xouy cxasart m ncxontxo cnon o ncnxoananns
xax o rannn. rornucxom ocnonannn x rononn ncxontxo nr romy
nasa n cronx n cunram nyxntm ]omynnonart ro nnau; rnt onxn
cxasart cno cnono ontr +rnx nommnx nr. t snar, uro ncnxoananns
nosnnx xax rannx, on anxo ntmn sa amxn, no n orxasancx or cno
ono nount n nx cnoro yrnynnnx n antnmro asnnrnx nc m cnxsan
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c ontnt-
mn. oannt annt, na ocnonannn xorotx mt cronm namn ronn, nntsx
tno nonyunrt yrnm cnocoom. yaun, xorot mt rnnm xax rannrt,
cranxr n namn nc nont saaun, ronannx antno xnsnn xnnxmrcx
crnnno samnro nornn ynnnunnx uncna ymosnrntntx nocronn, or
xorotx mt n nam aor nc-raxn rox n moxm orxasartcx. Kaxnmn
ccrnamn ncnxoananns nomorar ontntm, cnn on nomorar, n xaxnmn
nyrxmn, o +rom mt yx rononnn antm; cronx mt xornm cnocnrt, uro x
on ocrnr.
t, moxr trt, snar, uro x nnxora n tn +nrysnacrom rannn; rax uro
nuro onacartcx, uro x snoynornm n +ro c xnamo. nyum cxaxy
cnnmxom mano, um cnnmxom mnoro. ro nmx, xora x tn nncrnnntm
anannrnxom, x uacro cntman or nnn, xorot ornocnnnct x momy ny,
no-nnnmomy, yxcxn: "c +ro nxacno n ocroymno, no noxaxnr nam
cnyua, xorot nt ntnunnn nn nomomn anannsa". 3ro tna ona ns mnornx
]omynnonox, xorot co nmnm cmnxnn yr yra c nntm oronnnyrt n
croony nyono nonmcrno. ronx ona rox ycrana, xax mnorn yrn,
- narcx n nanx anannrnxa n nauxa naroacrnnntx nncm ntnunntx
nannnron. a +rom ananornx n saxanunnarcx. cnxoananns crnnrntno
rannx, xax n ncxxax yrax. V n crt cnon rnym]t n nannx, cnon
rynocrn, orannunnx, noxasannx. nsncrno nmx nornn anannsa
nosnyuan norcr, uro ro nntsx nnnnmart ncts sa rannm, noromy uro
on n marcx osnaxomnrt co crarncrnxo cnonx ycnxon. rx no
ncnxoanannrnucxn nncrnryr n nnn, ocnonannt -om Maxcom 3rnnronom,
onynnxonan cno crarncrnucxn orur sa cxrnnrn. Vcnxn nunnx n
amr ocnonann nn nx roro, urot nmn
xnannrtcx, nn nx roro, urot nx crtnrtcx. o raxn crarncrnxn noom n
noyunrntnt, oaorannt marnan nacrontxo rrornn, uro rontxo ount
ontmn uncna mornn t uro-ro noxasart. yum oarnrtcx x orntntm ro
cnyuaxm. 3ct x xorn t cxasart, uro n ymam, uro t namn ycnxn n
nunnn mornn connnuart c ycnxamn ya. acxontxo ontm cymcrnyr
nm, xorot nxr n uyca cnxro nt, um rx, xro nnr n
cymcrnonann ccosnarntnoro! cnn mt oarnmcx x smno xonxynnnn, ro
onxnt conocrannrt ncnxoanannrnucxym rannm c yrnmn mroamn
ncnxorannn. rannucxn ]nsnucxn mrot nunnx nnornucxnx
cocroxnn cronx nx nn nyxno ynomnnart. Kax ncnxorannrnucxn mro,
ananns n nornnounr yrnm mroam +ro cnnnantno onacrn mnnnnt,
on n nnmar nx snaunmocrn, n ncxnmuar nx. ronn nc xax yro xoomo
courarcx: nau, xorot xour cunrartcx ncnxorannrom, ncnontsyr
ananns naxy c yrnmn mroamn nunnx cnoro ontnoro n sanncnmocrn or
cnnn]nxn cnyuax n naronnxrnocrn nnn nnaronnxrnocrn nnmnnx
ocroxrntcrn. crnnrntnocrn x +ro rxnnxa, rymmax cnnnannsannn
nauno xrntnocrn. axnm x oasom onxnt tnn ornnrtcx yr or
yra xnyrnx n oronnx. cnxoanannrnucxax xrntnocrt ryna n
ronarntna, c n nntsx oamartcx xax c ouxamn, xorot nanamr nn
urnnn n cnnmamr nn norynx. Kax nannno, ncnxoananns nno saxnartnar
naua nonnocrtm, nno concm n saxnartnar. cnxorannrt, xorot
nontsymrcx anannsom or cnyuax x cnyuam, croxr, no-momy, n na naxno
anannrnucxo noun, onn nnnnmamr n nct ananns, a nyntransnymr ro,
noxany, ax "osnxnnamr"; nx nntsx nnuncnnrt x anannrnxam. ymam,
uro +ro
ocrono coxannnx, no nsanmocrnn no nauno xrntnocrn anannrnxa
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n ncnxorannra, xorot orannunnarcx yrnmn mroamn mnnnnt, tno
t n ntcm crnnn nncooasno.
o cannnnm c yrnmn mroamn ncnxorannn ncnxoananns, s comnnnx,
xnnxrcx camtm cnntntm. o cnannnno n ro, uro on raxx camt ryomxn
n ornnmar ontm ncro nmnn, ro n ymt nnmnxrt n nrxnx cnyuaxx;
c ro nomomtm n noxoxmnx cnyuaxx moxno ycrannrt naymnnx, ntsnart
nsmnnnx, na xorot n cmnn naxrtcx n oanannrnucxn nmna. o on
nmr cnon nctma omyrnmt orannunnx. xorotm monm croonnnxam c nx
rannrnucxnm ucronmnm cronno ount mnornx ycnnn noonrt +rn
nnxrcrnnx, rax uro nc nnornucxn naymnnx crann xax t nsnunmtmn
nn nomomn ncnxoanannsa. nn ntrannct nononrt anannrnucxym aory n
coxamnnt cox, ycnnnnart nncnn nacrontxo, urot ono ncnnnnano
nc conornnnnnx, courart c nnm yrn cnocot noscrnnx, urot
ntnynrt ntsoonnnn. 3rn ycnnnx, xonuno, noxnantnt, no x ymam, uro
onn nanacnt. nn ncyr n c onacnocrt camomy ntrn sa amxn anannsa n
nnacrt n cxonuno +xcnnmnrnonann. nonoxnn, uro nc
nnornucxo moxno ntnunrt, xaxrcx mn noosnrntntm ns-sa nt
nnranron n ro, uro nnost yro t xnnxmrcx um-ro conmnno nsnnmnnm,
uro noom n nmr nana na cymcrnonann. a camom n onn xnnxmrcx
rxxntmn, xoncrnrynnonantno sa]nxcnonanntmn noaxnnxmn, xorot xo
orannunnamrcx ncxontxnmn ncntmxamn, no ontm x uacrn coxanxmrcx n
runn nnrntntx nnoon xnsnn nnn ncm xnsnt. nannrnucxn ontr,
noxastnammn, uro na nnx moxno mnoxo noscrnonart, cnn nsncrnt
ncronucxn nonot onsnn n
nnnxoxmn momnrt, noynn nac nnut n rannrnucxo naxrnx
xoncrnrynnonantntm ]axroom, nt mt n moxm ns nro nnuro nsnnut; n
ronn x mt onxnt nc nmx o nm nomnnrt. Vx omax nocrynnocrt nx
anannrnucxo rannn ncnxoson nn nx nnsxom ocrn c nnosamn onxna
tna orannunrt namn nnrxsannx na +rn nocnnn. annrnucxax
crnnnocrt ncnxoanannsa ocrarcx orannunno ncncrnn xa
snaunrntntx n na noammnxcx noscrnnm ]axroon. V nxa, r moxno
tno t accunrtnart na nanontmn ycnxn, +rnm ]axroom xnnxmrcx nnmnn
rynocrn nannunx onrn, xorot nc-raxn nmmr ornomnn x trnm
nxa. V nsocntx +ro nx ncro na ]axroa: crnnt ncnxnucxo
oxocrnnocrn n onnnnax ]oma onsnn co ncm rm, uro n ar
art on rnyoxo onnnn. nt ]axro uacro nnanomno n
samuamr. Kax nn nnnxa nnacrnunocrt ymnno xnsnn, a raxx nosmoxnocrt
nosononnnnx nxnnx cocroxnn, nntsx cnona oxnnnrt nc. xorot
nsmnnnx oxonuarntnt, rnna oasonannx mamon or sanmnnmnxcx
nonccon. yrnx cnyuaxx nosnnxar nnuarnnn om saxocrnnocrn
ymnno xnsnn; ncnxnucxn noncct, xorot, nctma noxrno, moxno tno
t nanannrt no yrnm nyrxm, no-nnnmomy, n cnocont ocrannrt nxnn.
o nosmoxno, +ro ro x camo, uro tno antm, rontxo ynnnno
no-yromy. nnmxom uacro omymamt, uro rannn n xnarar xaxo-ro
noxonmo nnxym cnnt, urot onrtcx nsmnnnx. Kaxax-ro onnnnax
sanncnmocrt, xaxo-ro onnnnt xomnonnr nnunn xnnxrcx cnnmxom
cnntntm no cannnnm c nornnononoxntmn cnnamn, xorot mt moxm cnart
nonnxntmn. camtx omnx urax rax tnar nn ncnxosax. Mt nonnmam nx
nacront-
xo, uro xax t snam, r nnmnnrt tuarn, no onn n moryr cnnnyrt
rysa. 3ct nosnnxar ax naxa na yym, uro nonnmann crnn
romonon - nt snar, uro +ro raxo, - nocrannr nam ccrna nx
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ycnmno ott c xonnucrnnntmn ]axroamn saonnann, no cronx mt m
anxn or +roro. nonaram, uro nynnnocrt no ncx +rnx ornomnnxx ar
nam nocroxnnt crnmyn nx conmncrnonannx rxnnxn anannsa, n n uacrnocrn
nncnnx. onnuox n ananns oconno yr comnnartcx nn nyau,
nnnnrt nn my n n cnooasn cnyuax nnn cno nnonxo oamnn c
rannrnucxnm mroom. o x yx cxasan: x n ymam, uro naroax
ycnnnxm n +rom nanannnnn moxno ocrnut mnororo.
yro orannunn anannrnucxnx ycnxon onnxrcx ]omo onsnn. t
yx snar, uro onacrtm nnnoxnnx anannrnucxo rannn xnnxmrcx nnost
nncnnx, ]onn, ncrnn, nnost nanxsunntx cocroxnn, xom roro,
nnomantnocrn xaaxra, asnnnmncx nmcro +rnx saonnann. c, uro
xnnxrcx nntm, - nannccrnucxn, ncnxornucxn cocroxnnx - n noxonr n
ontm nnn mntm crnnn. o nt nnonn saxonno tno t samnrnrtcx or
nyau, rmarntno ncxnmuax raxn cnyuan. rarncrnxn anannsa nonyunnn t
naroax +ro ocrooxnocrn ontmo onrunn. a, no ryr crt ona
sarnosxa. amn narnost ount uacro cranxrcx nnmt co nmnm, onn
noont acnosnanannm ntm mornancxnm xoonm, o xoroom x unran y
nxroa Imro. 3ror xoont yrnxan, uro onaar somnountm mroom
onnnnx ntm. n sacrannxn omnanrt xnnxrxom n xorn, a sarm
noonan cyn. ocn +roro on mor cxasart: "3ro tna ntma" nnn: "r, +ro
tna n ntma". nanornuno noncxonr y nac, c ro nnmt asnnn, uro mt
nmm no c naymnnxmn. Mt n
moxm cynrt o nannnr, xorot nnmn na nunn, nnn x o xannar nx
oyunnx, noxa n nsyunm ro n runn ncxontxnx nnt nnn mcxnn. Mt
crnnrntno noxynam xora n mmx. annnr ntcxastnar nonnnnt
omn xanot, xorot n nosnonxmr nocrannrt nnt narnos. o ncrunnn
+roro xnrnucxoro nmnn moxr onayxnrtcx, uro +ro nnoxoxmn
cnyua. Kannara mt rora orctnam, nannnra x ocrannxm na nxoroo
nmx, ntraxct ynnrt ro n on ntronom cnr. annnr mcrnr nam rm,
uro ynnnunnar cnncox namnx nyau, ornrnyrt xannar, cnn on
naanonx, - nnmno rm, uro cam naunnar nncart ncnxoanannrnucxn
xnnrn. Kax nnnr, nama ocrooxnocrt nam n nomorna.
omct, uro +rn rantnt ocyxnnx yx n ncrannxmr nx nac nnrca.
o x t coxann m ontm, cnn t nt noymann, uro monm namnnm tno
nnnnsnrt nam ynaxnn x ncnxoanannsy xax rannn. osmoxno, x
crnnrntno nyauno nauan; no x xorn xax as nornnononoxnoro:
nsnnnnrt rannrnucxn orannunnx anannsa, yxasan na nx nnsxnocrt.
rm x namnnm x oamamct x yromy momnry, x romy ynxy, uro
anannrnucxo nunn sannmar ncannnmo ontm nmx. a +ro cnyr
cxasart, uro ncnxnucxn nsmnnnx noncxoxr xax as mnnno; cnn onn
nacrynamr tcro, noxnanno - +ro nnoxo nnsnax. crnnrntno, nunn
rxxnoro nnosa nnonn moxr nonnrtcx ncxontxo nr, no n cnyua ycnxa
saar c nonoc: cxontxo t nonnncx nyr? oxrno, cxrnnrn sa
xaxt ro nunnx, +ro snaunr, onsnt noom nnxora t n yracna, xax
mt uacro nnnm y ontntx, xorot n nunnnct. nxorotx cnyuaxx mt
nmm ocnonann nnont nauart ananns us ncxontxo nr, xnsnt
ar nont nonot nx nontx onsnnntx axnn, n nomxyrx x nam
nannnr tn soon. ocro nnt ananns onayxnn n nc ro
naronornucxn nacnonoxnnocrn, n crcrnnno tno nxarnrt ananns,
nocn roro xax ycnx tn ocrnrnyr. crt raxx nmn c rxxntmn
naymnnxmn, xorot ncm cnom xnsnt naxoxrcx no anannrnucxnm
nanmnnm n nmx or nmnn cnona nonramrcx anannsy, no nnau +rn
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nnna noom tnn t ncnocont x cymcrnonannm, n nyxno aonartcx, uro nx
moxno noxnnart raxnm uacrnuntm n nonroxmmnmcx nunnm. nanns
naymnn xaaxra rox ornnmar mnoro nmnn, a snar nn nt
xaxym-nnyt yrym rannm, nn nomomn xoroo moxno tno t nsxrtcx sa
+ry saauy? annrnucxo rmcnann moxr uyncrnonart cx n
yonnrnonntm +rnmn anntmn, no nt na nnm ryxynsa n nonuanxn
mt nayunnnct romy, uro ycnxa moxno ocrnut nnmt rora, xora rannx
coornrcrnyr xaaxry nyra.
rononn nam, uro ncnxoananns nauan xax rannx, no x xorn t nam ro
xomnonart n n xaucrn rannn, a ns-sa coxannx n nm ncrnnt,
ns-sa asxcnnn, xorot on nam ar, o rom, uro xacarcx unonxa nnx
ncro, ro cocrnnno cymnocrn, n ns-sa cnxs, xorot on ncxtnar n
camtx asnnuntx onacrxx ro xrntnocrn. Kax rannx on onn ns mnornx,
moxr trt, prima inter pares.* cnn t on n nmn cno rannrnucxo
nnnocrn, on n tn t orxtr na ontntx n n asnnnancx t n runn
on rnnarn nr.
- ---------------------------------------
* nt cn anntx (nar.) - nm. n.
H KH
mnonossnnn (1)
Vnaxamt amt n rocnoa! o nmx nam nocnn ncrun mt sannmannct
mnxnmn noncnnntmn nonocamn, xax t nnnox n noxox nc nam
cxomno xosxcrno. nnmm x rnt ornaxnym nontrxy n ncxnm
ornrnrt na nonoc, xorot nonoxarno crannncx c yro croont, -
nr nn ncnxoananns x xaxomy-ro onnnnomy mnonossnnm n cnn nr,
ro x xaxomy.
- ---------------------------------------
(1) ocnnxx, 35-x nxnnx ncrannxr ocot nnrc n rom ornomnnn,
uro ona nocnxmna nonocam, sararnnammnm onacrt ]nnoco]nn n nnrnn,
connonornn n nonnrnxn. 3ra nxnnx ntxonr sa nnt ocnonntx
ncrannnn ua o xonnnnnxx ncnxoanannsa n rxnnx ncronxonannx na
ocnon +rnx xonnnnn rmnnanr n mxannsmon unonucxoro nonnnx.
u cocorounnarcx sct na nonm ornomnnx ncnxoanannsa x
nnrnn, nayx n, naxonn, x mnonossnnm, nonxromy xax oomammax
nnrnnxryantnax xoncryxnnx, ncxox ns nnooasntx nnnnnnon xoroo
mamrcx ocnonnt nonmt trnx n nosnannx.
u mnrntno yrnxar, uro ncnxoananns n xaucrn cnnnantno nayxn
n cnocon oasonart ocoo mnonossnn, uro on sanmcrnyr cnon
mnonossnucxn nnnnnnt y nayxn. Mxy rm n crnnrntnocrn xax x
omnx nonoxnn camoro ua, rax n mnorn xonnnnnn ro yunnxon n
rontxo nmmr mnonossnucxym nanannnnocrt, uro orurnnno ntaxno n nx
nnrxsannxx na mnn omnx nonm, xacammnxcx cosnannx unonxa, ro
ornomnnx x nno n connantno c, no n n oxcnnnn rnsnca n
saxonomnocr asnnrnx xyntryt.
unrax cnon rornucxn nocronnx croro nayuntmn, u nonrar
ocro xnrnx nnrnosno mnonossnn, a raxx
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cyxrnnno-nanncrnucxym ]nnoco]nm. yyun cxomnomnccntm arncrom,
cunrax nnrnm nconmcrnmo c ontrom n asymom, u asnnnar n +ro
nxnnn nsrnxt, ntcxasannt nm n aor "yymnocrt ono nnnmsnn" (1927),
r nnrnx raxryrcx xax ]oma macconoro nnosa, nmmmax n ocnon
ncnxocxcyantnt ornomnnx n oraxammax xnannx n nornocrn rcrna. n
+rom on ocrannxr s nnnmannx omcrnnno-ncronucxn ncroxn n ]ynxnnn
nnrnn, cnooasnym ncrannnnocrt n nnrnosnom cosnannn nnnocrntx
onnrannn, nooxnntx xnsntm nm n antnom, smnom mn, ocoo
nonnmann +rnmn nmtmn cno sanncnmocrn or nnontx n connantntx cnn.
mcr c rm ncnxoananns an nmnyntc nsyunnm conxxnntx c nnrn
nnunocrntx cmtcnon n nxnnann, asaorx nonm ncnxonornn nnrnn.
mnrntno orrannunnax nnrnosno mnonossnn or nayunoro, u c
nonntm ocnonannm ycmarnnar cnooasn nayunoro mtmnnnx n rom, uro ono
ncrannxr coo xrntnocrt ocooro oa, xoroax n nycrannom noncx
ncrnnt ar nonnnnym, a n nnnmsonym xarnny antnocrn.
axonn, naxy c nnrnosntm n nayuntm mnonossnnm u ntnxr m
ony ro ]omy - ]nnoco]nm. n nonrar ocro xnrnx nnormym na
3ana omnnnymm nnnxnn cyxrnnno-nanncrnucxym ]nnoco]nm,
ncnonymmym nnrnnxryantnt anaxnsm. rnonyx nnnnnn cornaconannocrn
snannx c nnmnnm trnm, +ro nanannnn, cornacno uy, ncmorx na
nontrxn narn noxxy n nonmnx ocrnxnnxx crcrnnntx nayx (n
uacrnocrn, ronn ornocnrntnocrn), onaxar cnom ncocroxrntnocrt nn
nnom x connxocnonnnn c naxrnxo. 3arm u oamarcx x yromy
]nnoco]cxomy nanannnnm - maxcnsmy, casy x ormuax, uro "xnnmnm
oasom coxanr o cno nocrarouno onnrnonannocrn n nm".
3acnyxnnar nnnmannx nnsnann uom roro, uro nccnonannx Maxca
sanonann nocnonmt anronrr. u n xacarcx nonoca o nnnxnnn
maxcncrcxnx n na ncnxoanannrnucxo nanannnn, cnxsanno c ro
nmnm. Mxy rm nmnno n +ry +noxy x nnnxnnn ro xonnnnnn (n rom
uncn n nxorot naxrnxymmn ncnxoanannrnxn) oarnnnct x maxcncrcxomy
yunnm o nnnxnnn connantntx ycnonn na ]omnonann nnunocrn. Hnt +rnx
nccnonann - noonnn ncnn xnaccnucxoro ncnxoanannsa o
nonnnnocrn nonnnx unonxa nnnmn nncrnnxramn. osnnx
no]nsm, onnanmncx n xnrnx ua na sanmcrnonannx ns connantntx
n Maxca. u nonoxarno oronannarcx, uro ro mnnn no nonoy
maxcncrcxo ]nnoco]nn nocnr nnranrcxn xaaxr. +ro nno. mnno
+ro ocroxrntcrno noynno ua cncrn maxcnsm x oxrnn, cranxm
nc noxnnnnx unonucxo xnsnn n ]arantnym sanncnmocrt or +xonomnucxnx
]om. oornrcrnnno cno accmornn +roro yunnx u, no cymcrny,
orannunnar yxasanntm rsncom. ono croont, uy nnxonrcx
nnsnart, uro cotrnx n c] +xonomnxn, rxnnxn, nonsnocrna
crnnrntno nsmnxmr xo unonucxo ncronn, uro cnna maxcnsma n
"nonnnarntnom oxasarntcrn nnsxnoro nnnxnnx, xoroo oxastnamr
+xonomnucxn ornomnnx nm na nx nnrnnxryantnt, +rnucxn n
+crrnucxn ycranonxn". yro croont, u nosaxar nornn roro,
urot cunrart "+xonomnucxn mornnt" nncrnnntmn rmnnanramn
nonnnx. o maxcnsm, xax nsncrno (nonxn romy, xaxnm ncrannxn ro
u), oxcnxx cnooasn n mnorooasn yxonno xnsnn nnunocrn,
nnxora n ornocnn ncm cnoxnocrt mornnannonno c]t nm sa cur nxrara
+xonomnxn. onarax, yro, cornacno maxcnsmy, +rnm nxrarom
annnrnnnyrcx ont ncnxonornucxnx ]axroon, u naxnarno onnnnan
ncronxo-marnanncrnucxo nossnn na axrnnnocrt cosnannx xax ]axroa,
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n rontxo oraxammro, no n noasymmro n xaucrn rynxroa
naxrnucxnx crnn connantnt mn. mnno nnnnnn ncronsma nosnonxr
nonxrt ncrnnnym nnoy unonucxnx nornocr, nnunn, mornnon,
xorot, nonxn uy, noasymrcx n noncc cosnannx marnantntx n
yxonntx nnnocr, a n nsnauantno nonnnt nonornucxo
xoncrnrynn orannsma. rnnann connoxyntryntx saxonon, xorotm
nounnno nonnn nm, nnsxno nnnno ua x ncnxonornucxomy
yxnnonnsmy, x cnnnm nnxymnx nyxnn unonucxoro trnx x
"nncrnnxrnnno nacnonoxnnocrn" n nn ncnxo+nrrnxn n
ncnxonnamnxn. nx nnmymcrno maxcnsma n rom, uro on "sxanocrno
noxonunn co ncmn nanncrnucxnmn cncrmamn n nnnmsnxmn", u n ro x
nmx nnxnmnnnyr maxcnsmy cosann nontx nnnmsn, nx ncro
crmnnn ncnnrt ny n ro, uro sa xoorxn cox yacrcx nsmnnrt
unonucxym cymnocrt n cosart omcrno ncomro naroncrnnx. Mxy
rm maxcncrcxax ronx omcrnnno-ncronucxoro asnnrnx, orxtn omn
saxont +roro asnnrnx, nnxora n nxana nn coxn nxoa or ono
crann x yro, nn xonxrnt ]omt annsannn +rnx saxonon. cnn
maxcncrcxax ronx oamanact x asnnrnm omcrna xax nnocrno cncrmt,
nsmnxmmcx no nncymnm saxonam, ro u, xax +ro xncrnyr ns ro
xnrnucxnx samuann, nnnnman sa ocnony camonnxnnx connantno cncrmt
nsxrt ns +ro nnocrnocrn xomnonnr, a nmnno nnunnx unonxa. o+romy
n nsmnnnmax onnx mna connantnax nonmnnx n occnn raxryrcx uom
n n xonrxcr ncmnno-ncronucxoro asnnrnx unonucrna, a xax "+]]xr
nncnnx arccnnntx naxnonnocr ntx nm na orartx".
nno n mnnn ua, yro cmtcn connanncrnucxo nonmnnn n omannn
cosart raxo omcrno, r "n yr nn ono nyonnrnonno
nornocrn". 3a +rnm mnnnm ua cxtra ro raxronxa nornocr xax
ncxontxnx nsnauantno sanoxnntx n nonornucxom ycrocrn unonxa
nnnunn, rora xax maxcnsm ncxonr ns nonoxnnx, cornacno xoroomy camn
nornocrn xnnxmrcx noyxrom ncronn, nsmnxxct n ooramaxct c
norccom xyntryt. nsnanax xnrnucxn yx maxcnsma n ro, uro nx
nro onoo nocnyxnnn nnnnnnt crororo nayunoro snannx, u n ro x
nmx ycmarnnan n yccxom ontmnnsm "snonm noon roro, nornn uro
maxcnsm orcx", a nmnno "sanr na mtmnnn", nocxontxy "xnrnucxn
nccnonannx maxcncrcxo ronn sanmnt". sncrno, c xaxo
nacrounnocrtm c nntx x nocnnonmnnonntx nr . . nnn yunn monotx
maxcncron mtcnnrt camocroxrntno, xnrnucxn n nccroonn onnnnart
antnt connantnt noncct, mnrntno nuxnnart cnon nxnn
ncrannnnx, xora onn oxastnamrcx naxnarntmn nontm sanocam nmnn.
ormarnsm n "sanr na mtmnnn" crann nacaxartcx no nmna crannnmnnt,
sa xoroym ncnonnnnax xnrnucxoro yxa ]nnoco]nx Maxca ornrcrnnnocrn
n ncr. ont noxo, axnarnt nnnnnnam +ro ]nnoco]nn, yrnxarcx
ntn n conrcxom omcrn, r omnnnymmnm cranonnrcx nono,
nanxrnucxo mtmnnn, xoroo n rontxo n sanmar, no, nanornn,
ryr camocroxrntnoro, xnrnucxoro ocmtcnnnx crnnrntnocrn,
rnoucxnx nnnnnarnn, mnrntno ott c ormarnsmom. asmtmnxx o
yymm unonucrna, u conocrannxn cnryannm n xannranncrnucxnx
cranax ("nnnnnnsonanntx nannxx") c "rannosntm +xcnnmnrom n occnn".
ro xacarcx nntx, ro onn, nncan u, xyr cnacnnx n coxannnn
xncrnancxo nnrnosnocrn. o nt nnrnx, c ro rouxn snnx, nnmt
nnnmsnx, nnos, "xorot xaxt xyntrynt unonx onxn tn noonrt
na cnom nyrn or rcrna x snocrn".
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ro x xacarcx "yccxoro +xcnnmnra", ro on - no uy - "ntrnxnr nc
x nncrnnxom nyumro yymro". rcrynax or cno nt n nnsmnnocrt
unonucxo nnot, u sanman cnom nocnnmm nxnnm o ncnxoananns
ntaxnnm naxt na ro, uro c ynnnunnm nnacrn unonxa na nnoo
"nont omcrnnnt cro n rontxo noxonunr c marnantno nyxo macc,
no n ycntmnr xyntrynt nnrxsannx orntnoro unonxa". ourann
cnannnntx connantntx noxxon c norccom nayxn n rxnnxn - raxono
ycnonn acnnra nnunocrn, annsannn nnrxsann xax camoro nnnoro n
ntcmro rnonnx xyntryt.
omct, uro mnonossnn (eltanschauung) - cnnn]nucxn nmnxo nonxrn,
nno xorooro na nnocrannt xstxn moxr trt sarynn. cnn x n
nontramct art my onnnn, ono, noxrno, noxaxrcx nam nyxnmxnm.
rax, x nonaram, uro mnonossnn - +ro nnrnnxryantnax xoncryxnnx,
xoroax nnooasno mar nc nonmt namro trnx, ncxox ns nxoro
ntcmro nnonoxnnx, n xoroo n coornrcrnnn c +rnm nn onn nonoc n
ocrarcx orxtrtm, a nc, uro ntstnar nam nnrc, sannmar cno
onnnno mcro. rxo nonxrt, uro onaann raxnm mnonossnnm
nnnanxnr x nantntm xnannxm nm. onaraxct na nro, moxno naxno
uyncrnonart cx n xnsnn, snart, x umy cnyr crmnrtcx, xax nanon
nncooasno acnoxnrtcx cnonmn a]]xramn n nnrcamn.
cnn +ro xnnxrcx cyrtm mnonossnnx, ro ornr n ornomnnn ncnxoanannsa
xcn. Kax cnnnantnax nayxa, xax oracnt ncnxonornn - rnynnno
ncnxonornn, nnn ncnxonornn ccosnarntnoro - on con-
mnno n cnocon ntaorart cocrnnno mnonossnn, on onxn
sanmcrnonart ro y nayxn. o nayuno mnonossnn yx mano nonaar no
nam onnnn. nnooasn oxcnnnx mna, nana, nnonararcx n
nm, no rontxo xax noramma, ntnonnnn xoroo oronnrarcx n yym.
ocrantnom x ono xaaxrnsyrcx nrarnnntmn cnocrnamn, orannunnocrtm
nosnanamoro na annt momnr n sxnm nnnxrnm onnnntx, uyxtx my
+nmnron. no yrnxar, uro nr nnxaxnx yrnx ncrounnxon nosnannx
mna, xom nnrnnxryantno oaorxn rmarntno nonnntx nanmnn,
r. . roro, uro nastnarcx nccnonannm, n n cymcrnyr nnxaxnx snann,
xnnxmmnxcx syntrarom orxonnnx, nnrynnnn nnn nnnnnx. Kaxrcx, +ra
rouxa snnx tna nourn omnnsnanno n ntymn cronrnx. 3a namnm
cronrnm ocrananoct nano ntcoxomno nosasnrt, uro noono
mnonossnn cront x no, cxont n nyrmnrntno, uro ono n yunrtnar
nnrx-
sann unonucxoro yxa n nornocr unonucxo ymn.
3ro nosaxnn moxno ononrnyrt s ocotx ycnnn. no conmnno
cnounnno, nocxontxy yx n yma cyrt raxn x oxrt nayunoro
nccnonannx, xax n xaxn-nno n nncymn unonxy nmn. cnxoananns
nmr ocoo nano cxasart sct cnono n samnry nayunoro mnonossnnx,
noromy uro ro nntsx ynxnyrt n rom, uro on nnrar ymnntm n
xarnn mna. ro nxna n nayxy xax as n cocronr n acnocrannnn
nccnonannx na onacrt ymn. o ncxxom cnyua, s raxo ncnxonornn nayxa
tna t nctma n nctma nnonno. o cnn nxnmunrt n nayxy nsyunn
nnrnnxryantntx ]ynxnn unonxa (n xnnorntx), ro onayxnrcx, uro omax
ycranonxa nayxn ocranrcx nxn, n noxnnrcx nnxaxnx nontx ncrounnxon
snannx nnn mroon nccnonannx. axontmn tnn t nnrynnnx n nnnnn,
cnn t onn cymcrnonann, no nx moxno nocro cunrart nnnmsnx-
mn, ncnonnnnm xnann. rxo samrnrt raxx, uro ntmyxasannt
ronannx x mnonossnnm oocnonant nnmt a]]xrnnno. ayxa, nnsnanax,
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uro ymnnax xnsnt unonxa ntnnrar raxn ronannx, rorona nonxrt
nx ncrounnxn, onaxo y n nr nn manmro ocnonannx cunrart nx
onananntmn. anornn, ona nnnr cx nnsnanno rmarntno ornxrt or
snannx nc, uro xnnxrcx nnnmsn, syntrarom raxoro a]]xrnnnoro
ronannx.
3ro nn n xom cnyua n osnauar, uro +rn xnannx cnyr c nsnnm
oractnart n croony nnn noonnnnart nx snaunmocrt nx xnsnn unonxa.
nyr nocnnrt, xax nonnornnnct onn n nonsnnnxx ncxyccrna, n
nnrnosntx n ]nnoco]cxnx cncrmax, onaxo nntsx n samrnrt, uro tno t
nnanomno n n ntcm crnnn nnncooasno onycrnrt nnoc +rnx
nnrxsann n onacrt nosnannx. oromy uro +ro moxr nnncrn x ncnxosam,
yt ro nnnnnyantnt nnn maccont ncnxost, nnmax nnno +nrnn r
crmnnnx, xorot nanannnt x crnnrntnoc-
rn, urot yonnrnonrt n n, nacxontxo +ro nosmoxno, xnannx n
nornocrn.
rouxn snnx nayxn sct noxonmo nauart xnrnxy n nncrynnrt x
ornoy. onycrnmo rononrt, uro nayxa xnnxrcx ono onacrtm
xrntnocrn unonucxoro yxa, a nnrnx n ]nnoco]nx - yrnmn, no
xan m, annonnntmn onacrxmn, n uro nayxa n moxr nnuro
cxasart n +rnx nyx onacrxx or cx; onn nc nmmr annt nnrxsannx na
ncrnny, n xaxt unonx cnoon ntart, orxya my unart cnon
yxnnx n no uro nnrt. axo nossnn cunrarcx oconno naroontm,
rnnmtm, ncomnmmnm n cnoontm or mnountx naccyxon. K
coxannnm, ono nycrounno, ono nmr uacrnuno nc nocrarxn aconmrno
nnayunoro mnonossnnx n naxrnucxn annosnauno my. onyuarcx rax,
uro ncrnna n moxr trt rnnmo, ona n onycxar nnxaxnx xomnomnccon n
orannunn, uro nccnonann accmarnnar nc onacrn unonucxo
xrntnocrn xax cnom norunny n onxno trt nymo-
nnmo xnrnuntm, cnn yrax cnna xour sannart uacrtm nx cx.
s rx cnn, xorot moryr nocnonrt c nayxo, rontxo nnrnx xnnxrcx
ctsntm narom. cxyccrno nourn ncra sonno n narornono, ono n n
xour trt nnum nntm, xom nnnmsnn. cnn n cunrart rx nmnornx nnn,
xorot, xax rononrcx, oxnmt ncxyccrnom, ono n marcx nn na xaxn
nroxnnx n onacrt antnoro. unnoco]nx n nornnononoxna nayx, ona cama
no mnorom ananornuna nayx, aorar uacrnuno nn nomomn rx x mroon,
no oranxrcx or n, nnxnnaxct nnnmsnn, uro ona moxr art
synunym n cnxsnym xarnny mna, xoroax, onaxo, acnaarcx c xaxtm
nontm ycnxom namro snannx. Mronucxn ona sanyxarcx n rom, uro
nonnnnar nosnanarntno snaunn namnx nornucxnx onann, nnsnanax
n yrn ncrounnxn snannx, raxn xax nnrynnnx. ocrarouno uacro cunramr,
uro nacmmxa no+ra (I. In), xora on rononr o ]nnoco]:
n cratm mna]oxom n nounm rxntm
oxn samronar y mnosantx, -
(no I. nnman)
n nnmna ocnonannx. o ]nnoco]nx n nmr nnxaxoro nnoccrnnnoro
nnnxnnx na ontmn macct nm, ona nnrcyr nnmt camym nontmym uacrt
camoro ysxoro nxnro cnox nnrnnxryanon, ocranaxct nx ncx nounx
manoocrynno. anornn, nnrnx xnnxrcx nnoxrno cnno, xoroax
nnar camtmn cnntntmn +monnxmn unonxa. Kax nsncrno, xora-ro ona
oxnartnana nc yxonno n unonucxo xnsnn, ona sannmana mcro nayxn,
xora nayxa na saoxanact, n cosana mnonossnn, ornnuanmcx
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cnnmno nocnonarntnocrtm n saxonunnocrtm, xoroo m cronx,
xorx n nomarnynmcx, noonxar cymcrnonart.
ranax onxno rannosnocrn nnrnn, nyxno nomnnrt, uro ona crmnrcx
art nmxm. na ar nm oxcnnn noncxoxnnx n asnnrnx mna, ona
ocnunnar nm samnry n n xonunom cur cuacrt cn ncx nnarnocr
xnsnn, n ona nanannxr nx yxnnx n crnnx nnncannxmn, xorot
ncrannxr ncm cnonm anronrrom. axnm oasom, ona ntnonnxr rn
]ynxnnn. o-nntx, ona yonnrnoxr unonucxym nmosnarntnocrt,
nar ro x
camo, uro ntrarcx nart nayxa cnonmn ccrnamn, n connnuar sct c
n. roo cno ]ynxnnn ona, noxany, oxsana ontm uacrtm cnoro
nnnxnnx. na ymanxr crax nm n onacnocrxmn n nnarnocrxmn xnsnn,
ncnxr ynnnocrt n oom ncxo, yrmar nx n ncuacrt, n ryr nayxa
n moxr c n connnuart. ana, nayxa yunr, xax moxno nsxart
onnnntx onacnocr, ycnmno nooort nxorot craannx; tno t
ncnannnno ocnannart, uro ona cnntnax nomomnnna nmxm, no no mnornx
cnyuaxx ona ntnyxna nocrannxrt unonxa ro craannm n moxr
noconronart my nnmt noxonocrt. cno rrt ]ynxnnn, anax
nnncannx, nonosrnamax sanrt n orannunnx, ona n nanontm crnnn
oranxrcx or nayxn, nocxontxy nayxa onontcrnyrcx nccnonannxmn n
xoncrarannxmn. ana, ns nnnoxnn ntnoxrcx nannna n conrt nx
nonnnx n xnsnn. nora onn r x, uro nnarar n nnrnx, no rontxo c
yrnmn oocnonannxmn.
onnnn +rnx rx ]ynxnn nnrnn n nnonn ounnno. ro omro mxy
oxcnnnm nosnnxnonnnx mna n crornm nnymnnm onnnntx +rnucxnx
nnncann? mannx samnrt n cuacrtx on rcno cnxsant c +rnucxnmn
ronannxmn. nn xnnxmrcx nnaro sa ntnonnnn +rnx sanon; rontxo
ror, xro nm nounnxrcx, moxr accunrtnart na +rn naroxnnx,
nnocnymntx xyr naxasannx. noum, n n nayx crt nuro noxox. Kro n
oamar nnnmannx na nnncannx, nonarar ona, ror nnr c.
ranno courann noyunnx, yrmnnx n ronannx n nnrnn moxno nonxrt
rontxo n rom cnyua, cnn nonrnyrt rnrnucxomy anannsy. ro moxno
nauart c camoro xxoro xomnonnra +roro ancamnx - c yunnx o
nosnnxnonnnn mna, no noumy x nmnno xocmoronnx ncra tna nocroxnno
cocranno uacrtm nnrnosno cncrmt? Vunn raxono: mn tn cosan
cymcrnom, noontm unonxy, no nnocxoxmnm ro no ncx ornomnnxx -
nnacrn, myocrn, cnnt crac-
r, r. . nxnm nannsnonanntm cnxunonxom. nnornt xax cosarnn
mna yxastnamr na nnnxnn rormnsma, xorooro mt nosn xocnmcx xorx t
onnm samuannm. nrcno, uro +ror cosarnt mna ncra rontxo onn,
ax ram, r nxr no mnornx oron. ouno rax x otuno +ro myxunna, xorx
nr nocrarxa n n yxasannxx na xncxn oxcrna, n n nxorotx mn]onornxx
cornonn mna naunnarcx xax as c roro, uro or-myxunna ycranxr
xncxo oxcrno, xoroo nnsnonrcx o uyonnma. 3ct nmano
nnrcnmnx uacrntx nonm, no mt onxnt cnmnrt. antnmn nyrt nrxo
onnxrcx rm, uro +ror or-rnon nxmo nastnarcx ornom. cnxoananns
saxnmuar, uro +ro crnnrntno orn, raxo rannosnt, xaxnm on
xora-ro xasancx manntxomy nxy. nnrnosnt unonx ncrannxr c
cornonn mna rax x, xax cno cocrnnno nosnnxnonnn.
an nrxo nonxrt, xax yrmnrntnt sannnx n crorn ronannx
couramrcx c xocmoronn. o-
romy uro ro x camo nnno, xoroomy nox oxsan cnonm cymcrnonannm, -
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orn (xorx nannntn - cocroxmax ns orna n marn onrntcxax nncrannnx)
oran n oxanxn cnaoro, cnomomnoro nxa, nocrannnnoro ncm
nocrranmnm ro onacnocrxm nnmnro mna; no ro samnro on uyncrnonan
cx ynnno. xorx, cran nsocntm, unonx nouyncrnonan n c roaso
ontm cnn, ro ocosnann onacnocr xnsnn rox nosocno, n on no nany
saxnmuar, uro n ocnon cno ocrancx raxnm x cnomomntm n ssamnrntm,
xax n rcrn, uro no ornomnnm x mny on nc m nox. ax uro on n
rnt n xour orxastnartcx or samnrt, xoroo nontsonancx n rcrn. o
on anno yx nonxn, uro n cno nnacrn ro orn xnnxrcx nctma
orannunntm cymcrnom, onaammnm anxo n ncmn nnmymcrnamn. o+romy
on oamarcx x oasy nocnomnnannx o orn, xorooro rax nonnnnan n
rcrn, nosntmax ro o oxcrna n nxnmuax n nacroxm n n antnocrt.
]]xrnnnax cnna +roro oasa-nocnomnnannx n antnmax nornocrt n
samnr ncyr n c ro ny n ora.
rrn ocnonno nynxr nnrnosno norammt, +rnucxo ronann, s
rya nnnctnarcx n +ry rcxym cnryannm. anomnm nam sct snamnnro
nsunn Kanra, xorot connxr yctnanno snsamn no n nancrnnnt
saxon n nac. Kax t uyxo nn snyuano +ro conocrannnn, - no uro moxr
trt omro mxy ncntmn rnamn n nonocom, nmnr nn ono nrx
unonucxo yro nnn ynnar? - ono nc-raxn oraxar ontmym
ncnxonornucxym ncrnny. or x orn (onrntcxax nncrannnx), xorot an
nxy xnsnt n oran ro or onacnocr, yunn ro, uro moxno nart,
a or uro on onxn orxastnartcx, yxastnan my na noxonmocrt
onnnntx orannunn cnonx nnunn, sacrannn ysnart, xaxnx ornomnn
x onrnxm, x artxm n ccram or nro
xyr, cnn on xour crart rnnmtm n xnanntm unnom cmnoro xyra, a
nosn n on mnoxnx comson. nomomtm cncrmt noomnn nmontm n
naxasann y nxa nocnnrtnarcx snann ro connantntx oxsannocr, ro
yuar romy, uro ro sonacnocrt n xnsnn sanncnr or roro, uro onrnn, a
sarm n yrn nmxr ro n moryr nnrt n ro nmont x nnm. c +rn
ornomnnx unonx nnocnr nnsmnnntmn n nnrnm. 3anrt n ronannx
onrn noonxamr xnrt n nm xax moantnax concrt; c nomomtm ro x
cncrmt noomnn n naxasann or ynannxr unonucxnm mnom; or
ntnonnnnx +rnucxnx ronann sanncnr, n xaxo m samnra n cuacrt
ocramrcx nnnnnyymy; na nmnn x ory n na cosnannn trt nmnmtm snxrcx
ynnnocrt, xoroax cnyxnr oyxnm nornn onacnocr xax nnmnro mna,
rax n unonucxoro oxyxnnx. axonn, n monnrn nymmn oxastnamr
nxmo nnnxnn na oxcrnnnym nonm, nnomaxct rm camtm x oxcrnnnomy
ncmorymcrny.
snam, uro, noxa nt mnx cnymann, y nac nosnnxnn mnorouncnnnt nonoct,
na xorot nt xornn t nonyunrt ornr. 3ct n cronx x n mory +roro
cnart, no ynn, uro nn ono ns +rnx rantntx nccnonann n
noxonano t namro nonoxnnx o rom, uro nnrnosno mnonossnn
rmnnnonano cnryann namro rcrna. m on nnmuarntno ro, uro,
ncmorx na cno nn]anrnntnt xaaxr, ono nc-raxn nmr
nmcrnnnnxa. s comnnnx, tno nmx s nnrnn, s oron. no
nastnarcx annmnsmom. Mn n rora tn nonon unonxonoontmn yxonntmn
cymcrnamn (mt nastnam nx monamn), nc oxrt nnmnro mna nacnxnnct
nmn nnn, moxr trt, tnn nnrnunt nm, no n tno nnxaxo cnxnnacrn,
cosanm nx ncx n noonxanm nmn nannrt, x xoroo moxno tno t oa-
rnrtcx sa samnro n nomomtm. mont annmnsma tnn n ontmnncrn cnom
naxno nacront x unonxy, no xaxrcx, uro rora unonx ontm
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onxn c, um nosn. n, xonuno, nocroxnno craan or cnntnmro
craxa n +rnmn sntmn yxamn, no on samnmancx or nnx onnnntmn
crnnxmn, xorotm nnnnctnan cnoconocrt nsronxrt nx. n yrnx cnyuaxx
on n tn ccnntntm. cnn on xorn oxx, ro n monnncx ory norot, a
nonsnonn marnucxo crnn, or xorooro oxnan nxmoro noscrnnx na
nnoy, cam cosanan uro-ro noxox na oxt. ot c cnnamn
oxyxammro mna ro nntm oyxnm tna marnx, nnax nmcrnnnnna
nam ntnmn rxnnxn. Mt nnonaram, uro na n marnm r nauano n
nonnx cocrnnntx nnrnnxryantntx onann, n n no "ncmorymcrno
mtcnn", xoroo mt, mxy nounm, nnont naxonm y namnx nnornxon,
craammnx nanxsunntmn cocroxnnxmn. Mt moxm c ncrannrt, uro nmn
roro nmnn oconno ronnnct cnonmn xstxontmn ocrnxnnxmn, c xorotmn
onxno tno trt conxxno ontmo onrunn mtmnnnx. nn nanxnn cnono
nonmno cnno. 3ra ura tna nosn sanmcrnonana nnrn. " cxasan
or: a yr cnr. cran cnr". noum, ]axr marnucxnx crnn
noxastnar, uro annmncrnucxn unonx n nocro nonarancx na cnny cnonx
xnann. n oxnan ycnxa or ntnonnnnx axra, xoroomy nnoa onxna tna
noaxart. cnn on xorn oxx, ro cam nnn noy; cnn xorn noynrt smnm
x nnooonm, ro ncrannxn na non cnny nononoro cnomnnx.
t snar, c xaxnm ryom ncusar ro, uro nonyunno nxora ncnxnucxo
ntaxnn. o+romy nt n ynnnrct, ycntman, uro mnorn noxnnnnx
annmnsma coxannnnct o cronxmnro nx n ontmnncrn cnom xax rax
nastnamt cynnx naxy c nnrn-
n sa n. on roro, nt nx nn cmoxr orxasart n nanor cyxnnm,
uro nama ]nnoco]nx coxannna cymcrnnnt urt annmncrnucxoro oasa
mtmnnnx, nonnxy nonmno cnnt cnona, ny n ro, uro antnt
noncct n mn nyr nyrxmn, xorot nm xour yxasart nam mtmnnn. 3ro,
nana, cxo annmnsm s marnucxnx crnn. yro croont, mt moxm
oxnart, uro n ry +noxy cymcrnonana yx xaxax-ro +rnxa, nannna omnnx
nm, no nnuro n rononr sa ro, uro onn tnn rcn cnxsant c
annmncrnucxo no. oxrno, onn tnn nnoccrnnntm ntaxnnm
coornomnnx cnn n naxrnucxnx nornocr.
tno t nctma nnrcno ysnart, uro oycnonnno nxo or annmnsma x
nnrnn, no nt moxr c ncrannrt, xaxax rtma n nontn oxyrtnar +rn
nnn nmna n ncronn asnnrnx unonucxoro yxa. o-nnnmomy,
xnnxrcx ]axrom ro, uro nno ]omo noxnnnnx nnrnn tn ynnnrntnt
rormnsm, noxnonnn xnnorntm, cononoxanmcx nntmn +rnucxnmn
sanonxmn, ray. cno nmx n xnnr orm n ray (1912-1913) x ntnnnyn
nnonoxnn, uro +ro nsmnnn xnnxrcx cncrnnm nnoora n
ornomnnxx unonucxo cmtn. Inanno ocrnxnn nnrnn no cannnnm c
annmnsmom cocronr n ncnxnucxom noonnnn craxa n monamn. naxo
n xaucrn nxnrxa oncronucxoro nmnn sno yx coxannn cno mcro
n n cncrm nnrnn(1).
cnn +ro tno ntcron nnrnosnoro mnonossnnx, ro rnt anar
oarnmcx x romy, uro
- ---------------------------------------
(1) ornomnnn ua x nnrnn. o nonocam, cnxsanntm c nnrn,
u mnoroxarno ntcxastnancx n cnonx aorax. n nocnxrnn +rnm nonocam
nxorot cnnnantnt counnnnx; ormrnm, n uacrnocrn, nsannt n na
yccxom xstx "orm n ray" n "yymnocrt ono nnnmsnn", a raxx
nccnonann no nonocy o noncxoxnnn nyansma.* m ornomnn ua
x nnrnn moxr trt c]omynnonano cnymmnm nnnanxamnm my naxonnuntm
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rsncom: "r nnuro, uro morno t onro nmx conornnnxrtcx asymy n
ontry, a nx ncx ounnno, uro nnrnx nm nornnounr".** u tn
arncrom n cunran, uro "nnrnosnym nnnmsnm" xr n xo ncronn
ncusnonnn. n +rom on ocrannxn s nnnmannx, xax o +rom cxasano,
omcrnnno-ncronucxn ncroxn nnrnn, cnooasnym ncrannnnocrt n
nnrnosnom cosnannn nancrnnntx onnrannn, xorot nosnnxamr y unonxa
n ro xnsnnntx ncruax c crnnrntnocrtm.
- ---------------------------------------
* u 3. orm n ray. M.; r,: 1923; on x. yymnocrt ono nnnmsnn.
M.; ., 1930.
** u 3. yymnocrt ono nnnmsnn. . 57.
nonsomno c rx no n nontn noncxonr na namnx rnasax. ayunt oas
mtmnnnx, oxnmn n nanmnnxx sa nnontmn nonccamn, nauan c
runnm nmnn accmarnnart nnrnm xax no unonxa, nonrax
xnrnucxo nonx. +rnm ona n morna ycroxrt. nauana +ro tnn
coomnnx o uycax, xorot ntstnann ynnnnn n nonn, nocxontxy
nornnounnn ncmy, umy yunno rsno nanmnn, conmnno ounnno
ncx na c nnnxnn xrntnocrn unonucxo ]anrasnn. 3arm onxno tno
trt ornrnyro yunn, oxcnxnm cymcrnymmn mn, noromy uro ono
cnnrntcrnonano o nsnannn, xoroo ncno na c nuart nnnx nmn
n xoroo nayunnnct noonnart naroax nosocmmy nocrnxnnm saxonon
nnot. o, uro mn nosnnx naroax axram sauarnx nnn cornonnx,
ananornuno nosnnxnonnnm orntnoro unonxa, n xasanoct on camtm
nnsxnm x ncrnn, camo coo asymmmnmcx nnonoxnnm, c rx no xax
nx mtmnnnx crano ounnntm asnnun mxy xnntmn oymnnnntmn
cymcrnamn n nxnno nnoo, nn xoroom crano nnosmoxno nnxnnartcx
nnonauantnoro annmnsma. ntsx n samrnrt raxx nnnxnnx cannnrntnoro
nsyunnx asnnuntx nnrnosntx cncrm n nx nsanmnoro ncxnmunnx n
nrnnmocrn yr x yry.
3axannnt +rnmn nnanrntntmn ynaxnnnxmn, nayunt oas mtmnnnx
nnon naxonn myxcrno mnrtcx na nonxy camtx snaunrntntx n
a]]xrnnno nanon nnntx uacr nnrnosnoro
mnonossnnx. cra tno ounnno, no rontxo nnocncrnnn mnnnct
ntcxasart, uro n nnrnosnt nocrynart, omammn unonxy samnry n
cuacrt, cnn rontxo on ntnonnxr onnnnt +rnucxn ronannx,
oxastnamrcx na nonxy ncocroxrntntmn. Kaxrcx, uro na camom n nr no
ncnnno cnnt, xoroax c onrntcxo saornnnocrtm oxanxr narononyun
orntnoro unonxa, n no ncm, uro nmr x nmy ornomnn, nr x
cuacrnnnomy xonny. xo ncro, nntsx oxcnxrt cytt nm ns rnnorst
naxm n mn oort nnn mnono cnannnnocrn, oruacrn nornnouam
. 3mnrxcnnx, yn, noxat n namr asnnunx mxy otm n
naroucrnntm, c ono croont, n snom nnn nnymmnm - c yro. Kom
roro, ram, r n nmrcx n nny nxnnax nnoa n cyta orntnoro
unonxa sanncnr or ro ornomnn c yrnmn nmtmn, n cymcrnyr nannna,
cornacno xoroomy oornt roxcrnyr, a noox naxastnarcx, n cnnmxom
uacro nacnntnnx, xnrn, n cunrammncx nn c um unonx nncnannar c
sannnt nara mna, a naroucrnnt ocrarcx nn c um. mnt,
cuyncrnnnt n nnmnnt nmnn cnnt onnxmr unonucxym cyty;
cncrma nara n naxasann, xoroax, cornacno nnrnn, rocnocrnyr n
mn, xax t n n cymcrnyr. 3ro, n cnom out, ar nono orxasartcx
or uacrn
oymnnnnocrn, xoroax nmna n nnrnm ns annmnsma.
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ocnnn nxna n xnrnxy nnrnosnoro mnonossnnx nnc ncnxoananns,
yxasan na noncxoxnn nnrnn ns rcxo cnomomnocrn n ntnox
coxann ns ocranmnxcx n sno xnsnn xnann n nornocr rcrna.
3ro ornmt n osnauano ononxnnx nnrnn, a tno noxonmtm
sanmnnm nosnannx n, no xan m, n onom nynxr nornnounno
, nocxontxy ona cama nnnnctnar c oxcrnnno noncxoxnn.
ana, n +rom ona n rax yx nnana, cnn nnnxrt nam ronxonann ora.
omamm cyxnn nayxn o nnrnosnom mnonossnnn, raxnm oasom,
rnacnr: noxa orntnt nnrnn cnoxr yr c yrom, xaxax ns nnx nnar
ncrnno, mt nonaram, uro coxannm ncrnnt nnrnn moxno noom
nnut. nnrnx xnnxrcx nontrxo noonrt uyncrnnnt mn, n
xorot mt nocrannnt, noccrnom mna xnann, xorot mt nocronnn n
c ncncrnn nonornucxo n ncnxonornucxo noxonmocrn. o ona n
moxr +roro ocrnut. yunnx ncyr na c ornuarox rx nmn, n
xorot onn nosnnxann, nmn rcxoro nnnnx unonucrna. yrmnnx
n sacnyxnnamr onnx. ntr yunr nac: mn n rcxax xomnara. 3rnucxn
ronannx, xorotm nnrnx xour nnart cnny, rymr concm yroro
oocnonannx, noromy uro onn nornnmt or unonucxoro omcrna, n onacno
cnxstnart cnonann nm c nnrnosno naoxnocrtm. cnn nontrartcx
nxnmunrt nnrnm n noncc asnnrnx unonucrna, ro ona oxaxrcx n
nuntm ocroxnnm, a ananorn nnosy, xorot xaxt xyntrynt unonx
onxn tn noonrt na cnom nyrn or rcrna x snocrn.
t, xonuno, nontnt xnrnxonart +ro mo nsnoxnn; x nn +rom cam noy
nam nancruy. o, uro x
cxasan o nocrnnnom acna nnrnosnoro mnonossnnx, tno, asymrcx,
ns-sa cno xarxocrn nnonno, nocnonarntnocrt orntntx nonccon tna
ana n concm nannntno, nsanmocrnn orntntx cnn nn noyxnnn
nayunoro oasa mtmnnnx n tno nocnxno. raxx ocrannn s nnnmannx
r nsmnnnx, xorot nonsomnn n camom nnrnosnom mnonossnnn sa nmx
ro nocnonmoro rocnocrna n sarm no nnnxnnm noyxammcx xnrnxn.
axonn, croro ronox, x orannunn cno ocyxnn nnmt ono nnrn,
nnrn sanantx naoon. cosan, rax cxasart, ]anrom c nntm
ycxonno n nanon nnuarnxmm moncrannn. crannm n croon nonoc
o rom, ocrarouno nn noom tno monx snann nx roro, urot cnart +ro
nyum n nonn. snam, nc, uro x nam cxasan, nt moxr narn n yrnx
ncrounnxax n nyumm nsnoxnnn, n nnuro ns +roro n nono. osnontr x mn
ntcxasart yxnn, uro camax rmarntnax oaorxa marnana no nonmam
nnrnn n noxonana t nam syntrar.
t snar, uro ota nayunoro oasa mtmnnnx nornn nnrnosnoro
mnonossnnx n saxonunnact, ona noonxarcx na namnx rnasax n n
nacroxm nmx. Kax t mano ncnxoananns nn nontsonancx nonmnucxnm
oyxnm n yrnx nonocax, mt n xornm orxastnartcx sanxrt n +rom cno
onnnnym nosnnnm. n +rom, trt moxr, mt otmcx antnmro
asxcnnnx nam nosnnnn no ornomnnm x mnonossnnxm. t ynnnr, xax
nrxo moxno ononrnyrt nxorot ns arymnron, nnnonmtx croonnnxamn
nnrnn; yrn x moryr ocranartcx nononrnyrtmn.
no nosaxnn, xoroo ononrcx cntmart, rnacnr: co croont nayxn
nocro camonaxnno nart nnrnm nmrom cnoro nsyunnx, noromy uro
ona xnnxrcx um-ro cynnntm, nxamnm sa nnamn
unonucxoro asyma, x umy nntsx nnnnxartcx c ymnnuamm xnrnxo.
yrnmn cnonamn, nayxa n xomnrnrna cynrt o nnrnn. tuno ona
nnmnma n nnna, xont cxoo orannunnarcx cno onacrtm, no nnrnx n
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onacrt, ram nuro ncxart. cnn n ocranonnrtcx n +rnm sxnm
ornoom, a cnocnrt an, na um ocnontnarcx +ro nnrxsann na
ncxnmunrntno nonoxnn cn ncx n unonucxnx, ro nonyunmt ornr,
cnn noom ymt yocron ornra, uro nnrnm nntsx mnrt
unonucxnmn mxamn, noromy uro ona oxcrnnnoro noncxoxnnx, arcx
nam us orxonnn yxa, xorot unonucxn yx n n cnnax nonxrt.
Kaxrcx, nr nnuro nru, xax ononrnyrt +ror arymnr, +ro nt
ounnno petitio principii, egging the uestion,* n nmnxom xstx x n
snam nnxaxoro noxoxmro +romy ntaxnnx. t crannrcx no comnnn
cymcrnonann oxcrnnnoro yxa n ro orxonnnx, n +ro, xonuno, n
ornr, xora ronoxr, uro o +rom nntsx cnamnnart, nocxontxy nntsx
crannrt no comnnn oxcrno. 3ct ro x, uro noo noncxonr nn
anannrnucxo aor. Kora otuno asymnt nannnr ormrar xaxo-ro
nnonoxnn c oconno rnyntm oxcnnnm, +ra nornucxax cnaocrt
cnnrntcrnyr o cymcrnonannn oconno cnntnoro mornna nx nornnounx,
xorot moxr trt rontxo a]]xrnnnoro xaaxra, cnxsannocrtm uyncrnamn.
Moxno nonyunrt n yro ornr, n xoroom orxtro nnsnarcx raxo mornn:
nnrnm- nntsx nonrart xnrnucxo nonx, noromy uro ona crt
camo snaunrntno, camo nnno n camo nosntmnno, uro nonsnn
unonucxn yx, noromy uro ona
- ---------------------------------------
* nocxnmnn ocnonannx, nornucxax omnxa n oxasarntcrn, xora
ntno narcx ns nonoxnnx, xoroo camo m onxno trt oxasano (nar.,
anrn.). - nm. n.
ar ntaxnn camtm rnyoxnm uyncrnam, noromy uro ona nar mn cnocntm,
a xnsnt ocrono unonxa. a +ro nao ornuart, n ocnannax onnxy
nnrnn, a nanannxx nnnmann na yro ocroxrntcrno. ouxnnamr, uro
ut nr n o nroxnnn nayunoro oasa mtmnnnx n onacrt nnrnn, a,
naooor, o nroxnnn nnrnn n c]y nayunoro mtmnnnx. Kaxont t nn tnn
nnnocrt n snaunn nnrnn, ona n nmr nana xaxnm t ro nn tno
oasom orannunnart mtmnnn, a raxx nana ncxnmuart cx ns c]t
nnnoxnnx mtmnnnx.
ayuno mtmnnn n cno cymnocrn n ornnuarcx or otuno mtcnnrntno
xrntnocrn, xoroo nc mt, nymmn n nnymmn, nontsymcx nx
mnnx namnx xnsnnntx nonocon. ontxo n nxorotx urax ono
orannsyrcx ocoo, ono nnrcyrcx raxx nmamn, n nmmmnmn
nnoccrnnno omyrnmo nontst, ncxucxn craarcx orcrannrtcx or
nnnnnyantntx ]axroon n a]]xrnnntx nnnxnn, on croro nonxr
naxnocrt uyncrnnntx nocnnxrn, ocnontnax na nnx cnon ntnot, cosar
nont nsrnxt, xorotx nntsx ocrnut otnntmn ccrnamn, n ntnxr
ycnonnx +rnx nontx snann n namnno natnymtx ontrax. ro crmnnn -
ocrnut cornaconannocrn c antnocrtm, r. . c rm, uro cymcrnyr nn
nac, nsanncnmo or nac n, xax nac yunr ontr, xnnxrcx mammnm nx
ncnonnnnx nnn nncnonnnnx namnx xnann. 3ry cornaconannocrt c antntm
nnmnnm mnom mt nastnam ncrnno. na ocrarcx nntm nayuno aort, ax
cnn mt ynycxam naxrnucxym snaunmocrt. rax, xora nnrnx
yrnxar, uro ona moxr samnnrt nayxy, uro ona rox ncrnnna, noromy uro
crnyr narornono n nosntmamm, ro n crnnrntnocrn +ro nroxnn,
xoroomy nao art orno ns camtx omnx cooax-
nn. 3ro ctsno n ncnannnno ronann x unonxy, nayunnmmycx
ncrn cnon otunt na no nannnam ontra n c yurom antnocrn, xoroo
saxnmuarcx n rom, uro saory nmnno o camtx nnrnmntx cnonx nnrcax on
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onxn nart nncrannnn, nontsymmcx xax cno nnnnnrn
ocnooxnnm or nnncann annonantnoro mtmnnnx. ro x xacarcx
samnrt, xoroym nnrnx omar cnonm nymmnm, ro x ymam, uro nnxro ns
nac n xorn t ccrt n anromonnt, nonrnt xorooro saxnnxr, uro on
ynnno nor no nannnam ynnunoro nnxnnx, yxonocrnyxct nnmt nonrom
cno ]anrasnn.
3anr na mtmnnn, x xoroomy nnrar nnrnx n nnxx cnoro
camocoxannnx, ornmt n sonacn nn nx orntnoro unonxa, nn nx
unonucxoro omcrna. nannrnucxn ontr nayunn nac, uro raxo sanr,
ax cnn on nnonauantno n orannunnancx onnnno onacrtm, nmr
cxnonnocrt acnocranxrtcx, cranonxct nnunno rxxntx saxx
(Hemmungen) n nonnnn nnunocrn. 3ro crnn moxno nanmart n na
nnm xnmnn xax cncrnn sanra sannmartcx xorx t n nomtcnax cno
cxcyantnocrtm. n nnrnosntx saxx |474|
mtmnnnx, asym - co nmnm sanomr norannunnym nnacrt n unonucxo
ymnno xnsnn. ymnocrt asyma xnnxrcx noyxo romy, uro rora on
oxsarntno ornr ocrono mcro unonucxnm uyncrnam n romy, uro nmn
onnxrcx. o omax nnnoxnocrt +roro rocnocrna asyma oxaxrcx
camo cnntno onnxmm cnxstm mxy nmtmn n nonoxnr nyrt x
antnmnm onnnnxm. o, uro nornnounr raxomy asnnrnm, noono
sanry na mtmnnn co croont nnrnn, ncrannxr coo onacnocrt nx
yymro unonucrna.
nt moxno cnocnrt, noumy nnrnx n nxarnr +ror cncnxrnnnt
nx n cno, nxmo saxnnn: "crnnrntno, x n mory art nam roro, uro
otuno nastnarcx ncrnno. +rom nt onxnt cnonart nayx. o ro, uro
am x, ncannnno nxacn, yrmnrntn n nosntmnn, um nc, uro nt
moxr nonyunrt or nayxn. no+romy x ronom nam: +ro ncrnnno n yrom,
on ntcoxom cmtcn". rnr naxonrcx nrxo.
nnrnx n moxr cnart raxoro nnsnannx, noromy uro rm camtm ona
yrarnna t ncxxo nnnxnn na ronny. ocro unonx snar rontxo ony
ncrnny, n nocrmm cmtcn cnona. ro raxo on ntcoxax nnn ntcmax
ncrnna, on n moxr c ncrannrt. crnna xaxrcx my rax x mano
cnocono x raannn, xax n cmrt, n on n moxr conmnrt cxauox or
nxacnoro x ncrnnnomy. osmoxno, rax x xax n x, nt noymar, uro n
+rom on nan.
rax, ota n oxonuna. roonnnxn nnrnosnoro mnonossnnx crnymr
no craomy nannny: nyumax samnra - nanann. nn cnamnnamr: uro +ro sa
nayxa, xoroax sar ocnnnrt namy nnrnm, annmym mnnnnonam nm
ncnnnn n yrmnn n runn onrnx rtcxunrn? ro ona co cno
croont yx ocrnrna? ro mt moxm xart or n n antnmm? art
yrmnn n nosntmnnt uyncrna - na +ro ona, no cocrnnnomy nnsnannm, n
cnocona. rxaxmcx or +roro, xorx +ro n n nrxn orxas. xax ocronr
no c oxrnnamn? Moxr nn ona nam cxasart, xax nonsomn mn n xaxax
cyta my ncronr? Moxr nn ona nanconart nam xort xaxym-ro cnxsnym
xarnny mna, noxasart, xya orncrn noxcnnmt ]nomnt xnsnn, xax
moryr yxonnt cnnt noscrnonart na nnrnym marnm? cnn t ona +ro
morna, mt n mornn t orxasart n namm ynaxnnn. o nnuro ns +roro, nn
ono noono nonmt ona m n mnna. na nocrannxr nam otnxn
nnonaramtx snann, xorot n moxr cornaconart yr c yrom,
conar nanmnnx sa connannxmn n xo cotrn, xorot oosnauar xax
"saxon" n nonrar cnonm ncxonanntm ronxonannxm. xaxym manym crnnt
ocronnocrn nmmr syntrart! c, umy ona yunr, nxoxm; ro, uro
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cronx cunrarcx ntcm myocrtm, sanra oractnarcx n nnmt n nn
nnonoxnnx samnxrcx um-ro yrnm. ora nocnn sanyxnn
oxnnxrcx ncrnno. +ro-ro ncrnn mt onxnt nnncrn n xrny ntcm
naro!
Vnaxamt amt n rocnoa! ymam, nocxontxy nt camn nnxnnarct
nayunoro mnonossnnx, na xoroo nanaamr, ro nt n cnnmxom rnyoxo
yr norxcnt +ro xnrnxo. xasoncxo ncrnn tnn onaxt
cxasant cnona, xorot x xorn t sct nanomnnrt. rat rocnonn xnxnyn
onaxt nrannn nyrono my narnn: +ro yx n otunax onnosnnnx, +ro
onnosnnnx ynronmnxon. ouno rax x nt nomr, uro ynxn n ac nayxn
sa ro, uro ona m n mnna mnontx saraox, ncnannnno n snono
asyrt, nx +rnx nnnxnx ocrnxnn y n o
cnx no crnnrntno tno mano nmnn. ayxa - ount monoax, nosno
asnnnmaxcx unonucxax xrntnocrt. anar saxnmcx n ncnomnnm nnmt
nxorot annt: nomno oxono 300 nr c rx no, xax Knn orxtn saxont
nnxnnx nnanr, xnsnnnt nyrt tmrona, xorot asnoxnn cnr na nnra n
ntnnnyn ronm cnnt nnrxxnnx, sanmnncx n 1727 r., r. . nmnornm
on nyxcor nr romy nasa, nsaonro o uannyscxo nonmnnn anyast
onayxnn xncnoo. nsnt unonxa ount xoorxa no cannnnm c
nnrntnocrtm asnnrnx unonucrna, x cronx ount crat unonx, no
nc-raxn yx xnn na cnr, xora . annn nnoxnn omcrnnnocrn cno
ry o nosnnxnonnnn nnon. +rom x 159 r. onncx t Kmn, orxtnmn
an.
cnn nt nor m antm nasa, x nosnnxnonnnm rounoro crcrnosnannx
y rxon, x xnmy, ncraxy amoccxomy (oxono 250 r. o n. +.),
nmcrnnnnxy Konnnxa, nnn x camomy nauany acronomnn y nannnonxn, ro
nt noxor +rnm nnmt manym onm nmnn, xoroo anrononornx ornonr nx
asnnrnx unonxa or ro ostxnonoono nnonauantno ]omt n xoroo,
sycnonno, oxnartnar on um ono crortcxunrn. saym raxx,
uro nocnn cronrn nnncno c coo raxo onnn nontx orxtrn, raxo
ycxonn nayunoro norcca, uro mt nmm nc ocnonannx c ynnnocrtm
cmorrt n yym nayxn.
yrnm ynxam mt onxnt n nsncrno m orart cnannnnocrt. mnno
raxon nyrt nayxn, mnnnt, namyntnammn, rynt. 3roro nntsx ornnart
n nsmnnrt. ynnnrntno, uro rocnoa, ncrannxmmn yrym croony,
nonontnt; onn nsanonant, c orxonnnm nm tno nru. orcc n
nayuno aor ocrnrarcx rax x, xax n n ananns. aory
nnnnocxrcx nxorot oxnannx, no nao ymrt nx orocnrt. naroax
nanmnnm ro sct, ro ram orxtnarcx uro-ro nono, cnauana uacrn n
noxoxr yr yry. tcxastnamrcx nnonoxnnx, croxrcx ncnomorarntnt
xoncryxnnn, or xorotx nnxonrcx orxastnartcx, cnn onn n
nornxamrcx, ryrcx mnoro rnnnx, roronnocrt x nmtm nosmoxnocrxm,
x orxasy or nxnnx yxnn, urot no nx annnnm n ynycrnrt nontx,
noxnanntx momnron, n n xonn xonnon nc oxynarcx, asosnnnt naxoxn
cxnatnamrcx nonno, orxtnarcx xarnna nnoro +rana ymnnoro noncca,
saaua mna, n uyncrnymt cx rorontm mnrt cnymmym. ontxo n
ananns nnxonrcx oxonrtcx s nomomn, xoroym nccnonannm oxastnar
+xcnnmnr.
ynomxnyro xnrnx nayxn crt n nsncrnax onx nynnnunnx. nana,
uro ona r ncnnym or onoro +xcnnmnra x yromy, samnxx ono
sanyxnn yrnm. Kax nannno, ona aorar cnonno xyoxnnx na montm
ns rnnnt, nycranno uro-ro mnxx, oannxx n ynax n unonom nananr,
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noxa n ocrnrnr yonnrnoxmm ro crnnn noonx co snmtm nnn
nooaxamtm oxrom. ronx, no xan m, n on cratx n on
sntx nayxax yx cymcrnyr connnt ]ynamnr, xorot rontxo
mon]nnnyrcx n acmnxrcx, no n ynasnxrcx. nayx nc ntrnxnr n
rax yx nnoxo. naxonn, xaxym nnt cranxr n coo +rn cracrnt
nonomnnx n ac nayxn? cmorx na ntnmn nconmncrno n nncymn
rynocrn, ona ocrarcx noxonmo nx nac n nntsx samnnrt nnum
nntm. na cnocona na nnnannt conmncrnonannx, na uro nnrnosno
mnonossnn n cnocono. ocnn sanmno no ncx cnonx ocnonntx
uacrxx; cnn ono tno sanyxnnm, ono ocranrcx
nm nancra. nnxaxo ymannn oxsan nanomnnrt m n o yrnx
mnonossnnxx, xorot nornnouar nayunomy; no x nam +ro noxorno,
rax xax snam, uro x n cront xomnrnrn, urot cynrt o nnx. nmnr x n
cnr +roro nnsnannx cnymmn samuannx, n cnn y nac noynrcx
nnrc, nonmnr nyumro nacrannnnx y yro croont.
nnym out cnonano t nasnart sct asnnunt ]nnoco]cxn cncrmt,
xorot ornaxnnnct nanconart xarnny mna n rom nn, xax ona oraxanact
n ym otuno ornnynmrocx or mna mtcnnrnx. o x yx ntrancx art omym
xaaxrncrnxy ]nnoco]nn n mroon, cynrt x o orntntx cncrmax x,
noxany, roxyct mn, um xro-nno yro. ax uro oarnrct nmcr co
mno x nym yrnm xnnnnxm, mnmo xorotx xax as n nam nmx nnxax
nntsx norn.
- ---------------------------------------
(1) annntno xaaxrnsyx nncymn nayunomy mtmnnnm noncxn ncrnnt xax
crmnnn ocrnut ro cornacnx c antnocrtm, u ornocnn x +romy
nanannnnm raxx n ncnxoananns, orcrynax, onaxo, or +roro nocrynara n
naxrnx cocrnnntx nccnonann, xora orntnt ]axrt (nounnyrt
ontm uacrtm nn ananns nonnnx nnornxon) nosnonnnct n rnoantnt
xoncryxnnn, oxnartnammn, no cymcrny, xax nc croont nnnnnyantnoro
nonnnx, rax n mnorooasn ]nomnon xyntryt.
3ararnnax nonoc o ]nnoco]cxom mnonossnnn (orrannunnom or nayunoro),
u sxo xnrnxonan nnormn na 3ana nnnxnn nxrnnnsm, ncxanmn
noxxy n nonmnx ocrnxnnxx crcrnnntx nayx (n uacrnocrn, ronn
ornocnrntnocrn).
no ns +rnx mnonossnn xnnxrcx xax t ananorom nonnrnucxoro
anaxnsma, nosmoxno, ro +manann. axn nnrnnxryantnt nnrnnncrt,
xonuno, tnn n antm, no n nacroxm nmx, xaxrcx, ronx
ornocnrntnocrn conmnno ]nsnxn yanna nm n ronony. ana, onn
ncxoxr ns nayxn, no craamrcx nn +rom ntnynrt x camoynnuroxnnm, x
camoyncrny, nnnctnamr saauy yart cx camo c oorn nyrm
ononxnnx nnrxsann. acro nn +rom nosnnxar nnuarnnn, uro +ror
nnrnnnsm nnmt nmnnax ycranonxa, nyxnax nnmt nn mnnn +ro saaun.
Vcrannn nayxn ocnooxar mcro nx acnocrannnx xaxoro-nnyt
mncrnnnsma nnn x nnont nxnro nnrnosnoro mnonossnnx. ornacno
anaxncrcxomy yunnm, noom nr nnxaxo ncrnnt, nnxaxoro naxnoro
nosnannx nnmnro mna. o, uro mt ntam sa nayunym ncrnny, xnnxrcx
ncro nnmt noyxrom namnx cocrnnntx nornocr n ro ]om, n xaxo
onn onxnt noxnnxrtcx nn mnxmmnxcx nnmnnx ycnonnxx, r. . onxrt-raxn
nnnmsn. cymnocrn, mt naxonm rontxo ro, uro nam nyxno, nnnm rontxo
ro, uro xornm nnrt. Mt n moxm nnau. ocxontxy xnrn ncrnnt,
cornaconannocrt c nnmnnm mnom ornaar, ro conmnno sasnnuno, xaxnx
mnnn mt nnxnnamcx. c onnaxono ncrnnno n onnaxono noxno. nnxro
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n nmr nana ynnuart yroro n sanyxnnn.
nx yma rornxo-nosnanarntnoro cxnaa tno t samanunno nocnnrt,
xaxnmn nyrxmn, xaxnmn co]nsmamn anaxncram yarcx nnnncart nayx
noont xonunt syntrart. 3ro naronxnyno t na cnryannm, cxonym c
cnryann ns nsncrnoro nnma: onn xnrnt Knra rononr: nc xnrnn
Knra - nxnt n r. . o y mnx nr xnannx n cnoconocrn nycxartcx n
on rnyoxn accyxnnx. Mory nnmt
cxasart, anaxnucxo yunn snyunr rax nononxnmo, noxa no xacarcx
mnnn o acraxrntx nmax; no ono orxastnar nn nnom x mar n
naxrnucxym xnsnt. t crnnxmn nm yxonoxr nx mnnnx, snannx, n
nc ror x nayunt ym asmtmnxr o cronnn aromon n o noncxoxnnn
unonxa n noxrnyr xoncryxnnm cnoconoro ntxart narysxy mocra.
cnn t tno crnnrntno sasnnuno, uro nmnno mt ymam, n tno t
nnxaxnx snann, xorot, no nammy mnnnm, cornacymrcx c
crnnrntnocrtm, n mt mornn t c raxnm x ycnxom cronrt mocrt ns
xarona, xax n ns xamnx, nnonrt ontnomy nnramm mo]nna nmcro
canrnramma, nnmnxrt nx naxosa cnsorounnt ras nmcro +]na. o n
nnrnnxryantnt anaxncrt orxasannct t or raxoro naxrnucxoro
nnnoxnnx cnoro yunnx(1).
yroro nornnnnxa cnyr nocnnnnmart roaso on ctsno, n x n n
+rom cnyua xnnmnm oasom coxanm o nocrarounocrn cno onnrnonxn.
nnonaram, uro nt on mnx cnymn n +rom n n anno ntaorann
ornomnn sa nnn nornn maxcnsma. ccnonannx K. Maxca o +xonomnucxo
cryxry omcrna n nnnxnnn asnnuntx +xonomnucxnx ]om na nc onacrn
unonucxo xnsnn sanonann n nam nmx nocnonmt anronrr. a-
- ---------------------------------------
(1) ornomnnn ua x cyxrnnnomy nannsmy (maxnsmy). n
mnonossnn, xorot nornnouar nayunomy, u asnar raxo,
"xoroo cxnatnarcx n ym ornnynmrocx or mna mtcnnrnx". astnax
raxnx mtcnnrn "nnrnnxryantntmn nnrnnncramn", u xaaxrnsyr nx
rax: "...onn ncxoxr ns nayxn, no craamrcx nn +rom ntnynrt x
camoynnuroxnnm, x camoyncrny, uro ocnooxar mcro nx mncrnnnsma nnn
x nnrnn". ornacno raxomy mnonossnnm, no uy, "nr nnxaxo
ncrnnt, nnxaxoro naxnoro nosnannx nnmnro mna".
cxontxo onn nannntnt nnn omnount n uacrnocrxx, x, asymrcx, n mory
snart. nnmo, n yrnm, nyum ocnomnnntm, rox n nru. ronn
Maxca mn uyxt nonoxnnx, cornacno xorotm asnnrn omcrnnntx ]om
xnnxrcx crcrnnno-ncronucxnm nonccom nnn nsmnnnx n connantntx
cnoxx noncxoxr n syntrar nanxrnucxoro noncca. anxo n
yxn, uro nannntno nonnmam +rn yrnxnnx, onn n snyuar n
"marnanncrnuno", a, cxo, orronocxom ro rmno rrnncxo ]nnoco]nn,
us xoroym nomn n Maxc. snam, xax mn ocnoonrtcx or cnoro
nnranrcxoro mnnnx, nnntxmro x romy, uro oasonann xnaccon n
omcrn oxcnxrcx oto, xoroax c nauana ncronn astrtnarcx mxy
oamn nm, n um-ro ornnuanmnxcx yr or yra. onnantnt asnnunx
tnn, xax x nonaran, nnonauantno nnmnntmn nnn asontmn asnnunxmn.
cnxonornucxn ]axrot, raxn, xax ma xoncrnrynnonantnoro crmnnnx x
arccnn, a raxx ycrounnocrt orannsannn nnyrn ot, n ]axrot
marnantnt, xax onaann nyumnm oyxnm, onnxnn noy.
conmcrno xnsnn na om smn nonrnn cranonnnnct rocnoamn,
noxnnt - aamn. n +rom n nyxno orxtnart nnxaxnx saxonon nnot
nnn nsmnnnx n nonxrnxx, nanornn, nocnonmo nnnxnn, xoroo
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norccnymm onnann cnnamn nnot oxastnar na connantnt ornomnnx
nm, ncra cranx nnont nnornnt ccrna nnacrn na cnyxy arccnn
n ncnontsyx nx yr nornn yra. nmnnn mranna, onst, xnsa
nonoxnno xonn nntm xyntryntm +noxam n nx connantntm yuxnnxm.
crnnrntno ymam, uro noox, orncrntno oyxn ynasnnnn tnacrno
n rocnocrno snarn n uro yccxn cnornsm tn oun m o nonranno
nont, nocxontxy nnxaxo nnnyxr nnyrn rocnocrnymmnx n non cm
n mor nonsncrn na cnr o na, cnocont nornnocroxrt nstnno cnn
nnamnra.
a, nosmoxno, conmnnt +xonomnucxn xnsnc, nocnonanmn sa mnono
nono, crt nnmt nnara sa nocnnmm rannosnym noy na nnoo, sa
sanonann nosymnoro nocrancrna. 3ro snyunr n ount ynrntno, no no
ncxxom cnyua nnt snntx cnxsn moxno xcno acnosnart. onnrnxa nrnnn
onnxnact sonacnocrtm, xoroym raanrnonano omtnamm ra
mo. ror momnr, xora nto nnrn nonnn a-Manm na a+onnan,
+ra samnrnax nsonxnnx tna naymna, a n ry nout, xora n mnno nmx c
nntm rnnonxn rmancxn nnnnnn xyxnn na ononom, nona nornn
Imannn tna, no-nnnmomy, mnntm nom.* n +rom n cnyr satnart
n o yros co croont nonono noxn.
Mn nourn crtno sararnnart n c c namn cront naxnym n cnoxnym rmy n
raxnx nonxnocrntx samuannxx; cosnam raxx, uro n cxasan nam nnuro
nonoro. xouy nnmt oarnrt nam nnnmann na ro, uro ornomnn unonxa x
onnannm nnoo, y xoroo on r oyxn nornn cx noontx,
nnsxno onxno nnnxrt n na ro +xonomnucxn yuxnnx. Mt, xaxrcx,
anxo oromnn or nonm mnonossnnx, no mt cxoo nnmcx x nnm. nna
maxcnsma cocronr, nnnmo, n n ro nonnmannn ncronn n ocnonannom na nm
ncxasannn yymro, a n nonnnarntnom oxasarntcrn nnsxnoro
nnnxnnx, xoroo oxastnamr +xonomnucxn ornomnnx nm na nx
nnrnnxryantnt, +rnucxn n +crrnucxn ycranonxn. 3rnm ncxtr nnt
x nsanmocnxs n sanncnmocr, xorot o cnx no nourn conmnno n
ocosnanannct.
- ---------------------------------------
* ax mn coomnnn o +rom n nnt ro nont ns ocronntx ncrounnxon.
o nt nntsx nnonoxnrt, uro +xonomnucxn mornnt xnnxmrcx
nncrnnntmn, onnxmmnmn nonnn nm n omcrn. Vx ror
ncomnnnt ]axr, uro asnnunt nnna, act, naot n onnaxontx
+xonomnucxnx ycnonnxx nyr cx no-asnomy, ncxnmuar nnonnacrn
+xonomnucxnx mornnon. oom nnonxrno, xax moxno oorn ncnxonornucxn
]axrot, xora ut nr o axnnxx xnntx unonucxnx cymcrn, nt no
n rontxo n rom, uro onn yx yuacrnonann n ycranonnnnn +rnx +xonomnucxnx
ornomnn, n nn nx rocnocrn nmn n moryr n nnonrt n nry cnon
nnonauantnt nnunnx, cno nncrnnxr camocoxannnx, cno crmnnn x
arccnn, cnom nornocrt nmnn, cno xnann nonyuart yonontcrnn n
nsrart nyonontcrnnx. on annm nccnonannn mt nnsnann
crnnrntntm snaunrntno nnrxsann nx-, xoroo ncrannxr
rannnn n nant nomnoro n xaxo-ro nmx yr oxastnart conornnnnn
noyxnnxm, noncxoxmnm ns nono +xonomnucxo cnryannn. axonn,
anar n ym satnart, uro n n unonucxo macc, xoroax nounnna
+xonomnucxo noxonmocrn, rox noncxonr noncc xyntrynoro asnnrnx
- nnnnnnsannn, xax ronoxr yrn, - xorot, sycnonno, nonxn
nnnxnnm ncx yrnx ]axroon, no n cnom noncxoxnnn, ncomnnno,
nsanncnm or nnx, cannnm c orannucxnm nonccom n, ount moxr trt,
www.koob.ru
uro on n cocroxnnn, co cno croont, noscrnonart na yrn ]axrot. n
cmmar nnn nnunn n nar rax, uro nmn noccramr nornn roro, uro
tno nx nnx o cnx no cnocno; raxx, no-nnnmomy, norccnymm
yxnnnn nayunoro oasa mtmnnnx xnnxrcx ro cymcrnnno uacrtm.
cnn t xro-nnyt tn n cocroxnnn noxasart, n uacrnocrn, xax +rn
asnnunt momnrt, ncomax unonucxax nncrnnxrnnnax
nacnonoxnnocrt,
acont asnnunx n nx xyntrynt noasonannx nyr cx n ycnonnxx
connantnoro nounnnnx, no]ccnonantno xrntnocrn n nosmoxnocr
saaorxa, romosxr n crnmynnymr yr yra, cnn t xro-nnyt mor +ro
cnart, ro rora on onn t maxcnsm o nonnnnoro omcrnonnnx.
oromy uro n connonornx, sannmammaxcx nonnnm nm n omcrn, n
moxr trt nnum nntm, xax nnxnano ncnxonorn. t, croro ronox,
cymcrnymr rontxo n nayxn: ncnxonornx, uncrax n nnxnanax, n
crcrnosnann.
nnont nnornntm nsrnxom na anxo nym snaunn +xonomnucxnx
ornomnn noxnnnoct ncxymnn nocrannrt nx nsmnnnx n ncronucxomy
asnnrnm, a noncrn n xnsnt nyrm nonmnnonnoro nmmarntcrna. cnom
ocymcrnnnnn n yccxom ontmnnsm rornucxn maxcnsm namn +nrnm,
saxonunnocrt n ncxnmunrntnocrt mnonossnnx, no ononmnno n snonm
noon romy, nornn uro on orcx. yyun nnonauantno cam uacrtm
nayxn, onnaxct n cnom ocymcrnnnnn na nayxy n rxnnxy, on cosan,
onaxo, sanr na mtmnnn, xorot rax x nymonnm, xax n cno nmx n
nnrnn. Knrnucxn nccnonannx maxcncrcxo ronn sanmnt, comnnnx
n nannntnocrn xaamrcx rax x, xax xora-ro rnucrno xaanoct
xaronnucxo nxontm. onsnnnx Maxca xax ncrounnx orxonnnx sanxnn
mcro nnnn n Koana, xorx onn n mn cnoont or nornnoun n rmntx
mcr, um +rn on nnn cnxmnnt xnnrn.
xorx naxrnucxn maxcnsm sxanocrno noxonunn co ncmn
nanncrnucxnmn cncrmamn n nnnmsnxmn, on cam asnnn nnnmsnn, xorot n
mn cnont n soxasarntnt, um nxnn. n narcx n runn xnsnn
nmnornx noxonnn nsmnnrt uno-
nucxym nnoy rax, uro nn nonom omcrnnnom cro conmcrnax xnsnt
nm nourn n yr snart rnn n uro onn s nnnyxnnx nnmyr nx
cx saaun rya. Mxy rm nnsxnt n omcrn orannunnx nnunn on
nnocnr na yrn nnn n nanannxr arccnnnt naxnonnocrn, yroxammn
nmomy unonucxomy coomcrny, nonn, xnararcx sa naxnocrt ntx
nornn orartx, n nmnmnx o cnx no nnacrn nornn tnmnx nnacrt nmymnx.
o raxo nsmnnn unonucxo nnot conmnno nnoxrno. 3nrysnasm,
c xorotm ronna cnyr n nacroxm nmx ontmnncrcxomy nnstny, noxa
nont cro n yrnnncx n my rosnr onacnocrt nsnn, n ar nnxaxo
raanrnn na yym, n xoroom on yxnnncx t n cran nyxsnnmtm.
onmnno noono nnrnn ontmnnsm onxn nosnaraxart cnonx nymmnx
sa craannx n nnmnnx nacroxm xnsnn omannm nyumro norycroonnro
mna, n xoroom n ocranrcx nn ono nyonnrnonno nornocrn.
ana, +ror a onxn trt no m croony, onxn trt cosan na smn n
orxtr n oosnmo nmx. o ncnomnnm, uro n nn, nnrnx xorotx nnuro
n snar o norycroonn xnsnn, oxnann nnmcrnnx mccnn na smnm n uro
xncrnancxo cnnxont nnno, uro nnsnrcx nacrno oxn.
r comnnn n rom, xaxon yr ornr ontmnnsma na +rn ynxn. n
cxaxr: noxa nmn no cno nno m n nsmnnnnct, noxonmo
ncnontsonart ccrna, xorot crnymr na nnx cronx. ntsx oornct
www.koob.ru
s nnnyxnnx n nx nocnnrannn, s sanra na mtmnnn, s nnmnnnx
nacnnnx nnnort o xonononnrnx, a n noynn n nnx rx nnnmsn, nntsx
yr nnncrn nx x romy, urot onn nounnxnnct +romy nnnyxnnm. on
mor t nxnnno nonocnrt yxasart my nc-raxn, xax moxno cnart +ro
nnau. 3rnm mt tnn t caxnt. n mor t art nnxaxoro conra. t
nnsnancx, uro ycnonnx +roro +xcnnmnra yxnnamr mnx n mn noontx
or ro nonnnx, no mt n nncrnnnt, x xomy +ro ornocnrcx. crt raxx
nmn na, nnoxonnmt n cnonx yxnnxx, n snammn comnnn,
nnocnnnmunnt x craannxm yrnx, cnn r croxr na nyrn ntnonnnnx nx
namnn. axnm nmxm mt oxsant rm, uro rannosnt +xcnnmnr K
coxannnm, nn n namm comnnnn, nn n ]anarnuno n yrnx nr namxa na
ro, xaxon yr ncxo +xcnnmnra. trt moxr, yym nayunr, ono
noxaxr, uro +xcnnmnr tn nxnmnntm, uro xonno nsmnnn
connantnoro crox nmr mano mancon na ycnx o rx no, noxa nont
orxtrnx n ynnnuar namy nnacrt na cnnamn nnot n rm camtm n
onruar yonnrnonn namnx nornocr. nmt rora cranr nosmoxntm
ro, uro nont omcrnnnt cro n rontxo noxonunr c marnantno nyxo
macc, no n ycntmnr xyntrynt nnrxsannx orntnoro unonxa.
rynocrxmn, xorot ocrannxr noysannocrt unonucxo nnot nmomy
nny connantnoro omxnrnx, mt, nanno, onxnt ym n rora m ount
onro oortcx.
Vnaxamt amt n rocnoa! osnontr mn n saxnmunn notroxnrt ro, uro x
cmor cxasart o ornomnnn ncnxoanannsa x mnonossnnm.
ymam, uro ncnxoananns n cnocon cosart cno ocoo mnonossnn.
my n n nyxno +ro, on xnnxrcx uacrtm nayxn n moxr nnmxnyrt x nayunomy
mn-
onossnnm. o ono na nn sacnyxnnar cront romxoro nasnannx, noromy
uro n nc nnnr, cnnmxom nconmnno, n nrnyr na saxonunnocrt n
cncrmarnunocrt. ayuno mtmnnn cn nm m ount monoo, cnnmxom
mnorn ns nnnxnx nonm m n moxr mnrt. Mnonossnn, ocnonanno
na nayx, xom yrnxnnx antnoro nnmnro mna, nmr cymcrnnnt
urt ornnannx, xax-ro: orannunn ncrnno, orxas or nnnmsn. Kro ns
namnx conmnnnxon nononn +rnm nonoxnnm nm, xro ryr nx
cnoro ycnoxonnx na annt momnr ontmro, nycrt nnorar ro, r
nar. Mt na nro n onnmcx, n cmoxm my nomout, no n cranm ns-sa
nro mnxrt cno oas mtcn.
Iu
nuarana ns nmnxoro nsannx xnnrn n uacrnunom coxamnnn. G. . -
Freud . Gesammelte erke. Bd. 1-17. L., 1940. FrankIurt a. M. 196.
onacrn nnmuann n xnaarntx cxoxax yxasan ro nynnxannn aort, a
yxnnnt nnxc nn nm coornrcrnyr acnonoxnnm nynnxannn n nonno
nnnora]nn ua, nommnno n nocnnm rom anrnncxoro nsannx
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