265

HACTL II
HPLOK B AHIAHHCKHH
HOCOBHE nx H3VHEHHR n OBVHEHHR
OBmHE PEKOMEHAHHH:
cnauana npournre nect rekcr Hpmxra na onom txannn,
pasmertre ero mapkepom, ntennn camte naxnte nx Bac
mecra. Yenrect, uro n rekcre nmemrcx ornert nourn
na nce nonpoct, koropte moryr y Bac nosnnkart
no mepe urennx +roro noconx.
Vuume anrnnckne cuoea cpasy xe
npxmo n cocrane npu+epoe/oopasoe
u no mepe urennx +roro noconx,
u cpasy xe nocne nepnoro npourennx,
nockontky +rn cnona Bam ec paeuo oueuo uyxum .
Craparect sanouuamo n nx npousuoueuue,
n nx uanucauue !!!
Takxe sayuueame nansycrt n camn npuepm/oopasi,
rak kak onn xnnxmrcx nx Bac npomomuna+u,
n koroptx Bt nosnee c/moxere npocro
saeuamo onn anrnnckne cuoea na pyrne,
nonyuax raknm opasom
maccy pasnoopasntx npenoxenn.
Yurnre, uro x ne mory nnnxrt na ro, c kako ckopocrtm Bt yere
sayunnart nonte anrnnckne cnona, no saro
+mo nocone acr Bam uouen1autnym nosmoxnocrt
crponrt ns ummx anrnncknx cnon
umme no cnoxnocrn
npannutnme anrnnckne npenoxennx.
Ho+romy ornecnrect k +ro knnre
ue kak k cokpamnnomy orcrvpcv n anrnnckn xstk,
a kak k nonnonennomy yueuoy nocoum,
nocne koroporo Bam na 80 nyxno yer
rontko yuumo anrnnckne cuoea !!!

267 266
1. PA3BEI.
(Hepnt +ran 20 mnnyr urennx).
HHmOPMAHHOHHAR HOIOTOBKA.
A) Hepnoe us+eueuue anrnnckoro cnona
Hpaeu.o S:
npn neoxonmocrn (nnn: no Bamemy xenannm)
r rouuy npakrnueckn umoeo (kpome ncero-ro 27 mryk
cmorpn Cnpaeouuym uacmo) cvuecmeume.iuoeo, nsxroro Bamn
npxmo ns nmoro cnonapx, Bt yere npnanun1t orou:auue
S, urot nocrannrt +ro cnono/ cvuecmeume.iuoe
no! uoxecmeeuuoe uncno !!!
Table ! tableS Cron ! cronM.
moo. moo.3 Cm. crp. 288 !
HKAHC !!!
Onako n anrnnckom ecrt n ntenennax mnom epvnna
ue-npaeu.iuix cnon n rom uncne n cvuecmeume.iuix
ro ecrt cnon,
ue nounnxmmnxcx omnu nx ocrantntx cnon +roro knacca
npaeu.a+.
Taknx cnon ncero 4 euoa:
1) HE-npannntnte cvuecmeume.iuie 27 mryk (crp. 398):
2) HE-npannntnte e.aeo.i 178 mryk (crp. 349);
3) HE-npannntnte :uc.ume.iuie 7 mryk (crp. 393);
4) HE-npannntnte onpeoe.euu 10 mryk (crp. 396).
Bce +rn ue-npannntnte c.oea ue us+eummc no ce-
ronxmnnm npaeu.a+ n nce nx ro1onme qop+i (ro ecrt npocro
cuoea) Bam nyxno nocrenenno sayunrt nansycrt;
F) 3nakomnmcx c 43 HEus+eue+i+u anrnncknmn cnonamn
c nmtm konnuecrnom cnon us+eue+ix,
n uu ... c nnmn ue enaem !!!
ro ecrt eoooue ux uurar HE nsmenxem
CTPOIA PEKOMEHAHHR.
Yunre BC n CPA3Y em n noromy, uro n +rom komnakrnom noconn
ner mecra nx nonropon, rem onee, uro nn]opmannx, anaemax n +rom
noconn,
xnnxercx roueuuo n caoocmamouuo
nx ocrnxennx cynepaue.opesyntrara.
Ho+romy, ne marect yptm, nanentrect na pesyntrar
n Om ooopa ooopa ue uuume ..!

BLCOKHH CTAPT.
(Hepnte 3 +rana 65 mnnyr).
3AAHHE: suaro+cmeo co 127 c.oeecui+u eouuua+u
c 3-x (onnakontmn!!!) orou:auu+u.
HEAL: ocrnrnyrax n pesyntrare 3-x +manoe (nnn sa 65 mnnyr)
mexuu:ecra nosmoxnocrt ckasart no-anrnnckn
70-80% roro, uro Bt otuno ronopnre no-pycckn.
BA3A. Btxnnennte mnom:
a) ]akr nannunx n anrnnckom xstke ocrarounoro
konnuecrna noome HEus+eue+ix cnon,
) ]enomen uacro HEus+eue+ocmu
axe us+eue+ix anrnncknx cnon,
n) nonte saeucu+ocmu nnyrpn xstka n
r) nonte esau+oomuoueuu mexy cnonamn,
a rakxe ntenennte uom
) nonte epvnni/kareropnn cnon,
oennnnte euum/-u npusuaro+/-a+u.
BPEMR na osuaro+.euue:
Hepnt +ran: Pasee 20 mnnyr.
Bropo +ran: 1ouuor 15 mnnyr.
Tpern +ran: Houm 30 mnnyr.
269 268
H axe:
Moux pyr MY handS +a xuo3
(Bet naoere-ro n anrnnckom HET !!!).
Mou pykam MY handS +a xuo3
Mouu pykamn MY handS +a xuo3
A rakxe:
Moe pyku MY hand +a xuo
Moe pyko MY hand +a xuo
Moe pyke MY hand +a xuo
n r. .

AOIHKA:
mynxnnn uensmenxemtx onpeoe.ume.e (crp. 272)
onpeeun1t ooc.vrueae+oe cnono
snaunr,
onpeoe.ume.u xnnxmrcx n onpeeueuuau,
snaunr,
n nce pyrne onpeoe.euu
roxe HE nsmenxmrcx
uu no pooa+, uu no :uc.a+, uu no naoera+,
n roxe acoum1no ueus+euuui+u
moryr co:emamic/ncnontsonartcx
c BKBMM cymecrnnrentntm ns .mooeo cnonapx
(n croxmnm n umo uncne) !!!
3naunr:
ntyunnaem +ror 21 onpeoe.ume.i (crp. 272),
crannm nocne umoro ns nnx
umoe pyroe ueus+euuuoe onpeoe.euu-e/-
umoe cvuecmeume.iuoe npnuo ns cuonapn
(nnn no +uorecmeeuuo+ uncne cnonoS)
n mt yxe moxem ckasart:
rak kak n anrnnckom HE1 uu poooe, uu naoere ..!!!
Mt 1outxo cr.aoieae+ c.oea co cnonamn !!!!!!;

B) am nn]opmannm, uro
umo (oxsarentnt) onpeoe.ume.i (")
ns 21 mrykn,
anno anee na crp. 272 (nanpnmep: 'my +a uon),
moxno co:emami
c umm nensmennntm cnonom/ cvuecmeume.iui+,
nsxrtm namn npnuo ns nmoro cuonapn,
uuu (coopasno spanomy cmtcny
xpoue onpeoe.ume.e this, that, such a, an/a)
co cnonom, nocrannenntm! namn
no +uorecmeeuuoe :uc.o ( S !),
rak kak camn onpeoe.ume.u HE nsmenxmrcx
uu no poam, uu no uncnam, uu no naexam
ro ecrt HHKAK !!!
3naunr (ntyunn +rn onsa1eutnme onpeoe.ume.u 21 mryky),
mt yae c/moxem ckasart
( cnoxnrt umo onpeoe.ume.i (crp. 272)
c umm cymecrnnrentntm,
croxmnm n umo uncne !!!):
Pycckn onpeoe.ume.i Anrnnckn onpeoe.ume.i
" useuaemca " ue useuaemca!!!

"
Moa pyka MY hand +a xuo
Mo cron MY table +a moo.
Mo connne MY sun +a cau
Mou pykH MY handS +a xuo3
271 270
Ecnn xe Bt ynaxaere Bamux cecmP
(a nx uoeo!),
ro nc panno c ocma.iui+u cnonamn
(xpoue cecmEP sisterS)
rakxe uuueeo enart ue nao:
1 2 3 4 4 5
I respect my beautiful and clever sisterS.
a pucn+rm +a omvmuqv. uo r.eeo cncmo3
ynaxam moux kpacnnix n ymnix cecrp.
Hpnum sisterS cncmo3
snaunr n ccmpM, n cecmP, n ccmpAM,
n nce ocrantnte napnanrt,
koropte Bt c +rnmn ccrpAMH ( 1oae sisterS!)
moxere cee rontko noopasnrt!
A moxno n rak:
We solve many difficult problemS.
wn co.e ++uu onqur.m npoo.e+3
Mt pemaem mnoro rpyntx nponem
(n n +rom npenoxennn $ us+eueuo 1outxo cnono 'problemS) !

NB.
Okonuanne 'S moxer nponsnocnrtcx u kak -C, u kak -3.
Ho nockontky +ra pasnnna n nponsnomennn ue nnnxer na cmtcn,
ro mt ne yem ceuac saocrpxrt na ne nnnmannx.

H1O CKHAIBATI n KAK CKHAIBATI,

urot nonyuart nonnte n npannntnte anrnnckne npenoxennx
(npnum cpasy xe oparnre ocooe nnnmanne na ro, uro
anrnnckne euaeoum n +ro ! cxe+e mt noome ue useuae !).
1 2 3
Moa uncrax, enax n nexnax pyka
1 2 3
MY clean, white and tender hand.
+a r.uuu wam uo m+uoo xuo
Hnn axe:
Mou uncrme, enme n nexnme pykH
MY clean, white and tender handS.
+a r.uuu wam uo m+uoo xuo3
BHHTE,
us+euu.oci rontko cvuecmeume.iuoe (! handS),
no n onpeoe.ume.i (MY), n nce onpeoe.euu ocrannct
HEus+euuui+u !!!

CTHMYA
(urot y Bac cpasy xe ax pyukn saprannct!).
Bostmm, nanpnmep, pycckoe npenoxenne
1 2 3 4 4 5
R ynaaam uom/cnom xpacnnym n yunym cec1py.
urot ckasart ro xe camoe ($) no-anrunncxn, nam nyxno
rontko nsxrt cnonapt, orkptrt ero, narn nce nyxnte nam
(anrnnckne!) cnona n,
BOOFE HH OHO H3 HHX HE H3MEHRR
(ro ecrt HHHEIO c nnmn HE enax !!!),
cocmaeumi nx n npannntnoe n nopmantnoe anrnnckoe
npenoxenne:
1 2 3 4 4 5
I respect my beautiful and clever sister.
a pucn+rm +a omvmuqv. uo r.eeo cncmo
273 272
* 31n cnona (sect n anee) ynorpenent mnom nx roro,
urot vmo:umi snauenne cnon aueuucrux!

NB 1 !!!
Yurnre, uro uu ouo ns 31 cnona +ro rpynnt
HHkak HE us+euemc !!!

NB 2 !!!
H e.aeo. nocne cyzermumx +ecmou+euu I/you/we/they
n nocne cvuecmeume.iuix no uoxecmeeuuo uncne
n uacmoaue npemenn (!) useuamo HE uyxuo !!!

NB 3 !!!
Oparnre nnnmanne na pasuuuy (u n snauennn!)
mexy anrnncknmn onpeoe.ume.+u n ooerma+u
(pyccxne coomeemcmeu koroptm snyuar n ntrnxxr ouuaroeo):

(-uvm)
Onpeoe.ume.i
nnxy EIO coary I see HIS dog a cuu xu3 ooe
Ho: Ooerm
nnxy EIO ! I see HIM a cuu xuM

(-uue)
Onpeoe.ume.i
Mt cntmnm HX eouoca We hear THEIR voices.
wn xno +3 eocus
Ho: Ooerm
Mt cntmnm HX ! We hear THEM wn xno +M

(-ui)
Onpeoe.ume.i
nmnm EIO (o rvre) ueem I like ITS color ra.o
Ho: Ooerm
nmnm EIO (ca+oeo rvra) ! I like IT.

PEKOMEHAHHR.
Kora Bt moxere samennrt cnona EIO- n HX- na! eeoum
n uxuu, ro no-anrnnckn cmeno ronopnre 'HIS n '1HEIR.
A ecnn +rnx sa+eu nponsnecrn ueuosa, no moxno ncrannrt cnona eeo
caoeo nnn ux caux cmeno ronopnre 'HIM n '1HEM !!!

CXEMA noc1poennn anrnnckoro npeuoaennn (cnona XX 1-31):

1 2 3 4 5
" " " " "
CVB1EK1
(Kmo?
nnn Umo?)
Amon
HEuseuu.
IAAIOA
OBR3A1.
OHPEE-
BH1EBL
Amoe
OHPEE-
BEHHE
(Karo?)
OB1EK1
(Koeo?):
I a x
YOU mv rt, nt
WE wn mt
THEY o onn
nnn
umoe
cvuecmeume.iuoe
mouoro
no uox. uncne
( CnonoS
nnn crp. 398).
Cnono
AND uo n
MY +a mo
YOURo rno, nam
HIS xus ero, eeoui*
HER x e
ITS umc eeoui*, e
OUR avo nam
THEIR +o nx(-uu)*
NO uov ne, ner
ANY +uu nmo
THIS uc +ror
THAT m ror
EVERY +epu kaxt
EACH uum: kaxt
SOME ca+ nekn,
kako-ro
nekoropte; neckontko
SUCH A cam: o rako
SUCH cam: rakne
THESE nus +rn
THOSE ovs re
menx ME +uu
rex YOU mv
ero HIM xu+
e HER x
+ro IT um
nac US ac
nm, nx THEM
o+
nnn
umoe
cvuecmeum.
n umo
uncne.
AN-A u/o onn, kako-ro

r.n.
apmur.u
THE o ror camt, re camte (Crp. 388).
$
Ieuuauoum Hroro: 31 cnono.
cronnk
LOVE GOOD "
" "
"
"
"
"
"
"
}
$
"
$
"
$
"
(ca+oeo )
(ca+ux)
275 274
Ho koneuno xe onpeoe.ume.u an/a onn
ueuosa ncnontsonart nepe cvuecmeume.iui+,
croxmnm no uoxecmeeuuo uncne!
A snaunr:
HHKAKHX an apples nnn a girls !!!
To ecrt
uurarux oouu xnokH nnn ooua enouKH !!!
H +ro ror cnyua, kora cymecrnnrentnoe oxem
ocrartcx es onpeoe.ume. ( cm. crp. 391-392) !;

2) B3AHMOBM1ECHEHHE.
BCE oasameuoume onpeoe.ume.u
(nnn xaamn ns unenon +roro $ Ieuuauouoeo cronnka)
BM1ECHRK1/ samenxmr pyr pyra !!!
To ecrt,
ecnn nepe cymecrnnrentntm (nnn nepe eeo onpeoe.euu+u)
ecrt ono ns +rnx $ 21 cnon,
ro
pao nnn nopa HE uoae1 trt
uuraroeo pyroro ns nnx !!!
A snaunr:
HHKAKHX my any, the your nnn a this !!!

Conmenne +moeo $ oeeo npannna npnnonr k nonno

aue.orpamornocrn, rak kak
onpeoe.ume.u emmecuamm/ samenxmr u apmur.i,
o koropom Bt nanepnxka yxe cntmann,
n koroporo Bt, nosmoxno, onrect!!!
Hanpnmep
(n samertre, onpeoe.ume.u HE nsmenxmrcx):
Mt nnmem BKBME knnrH We write ANY bookS.
wn pam +uu ovrC
KPAHHE BAXHO !!!
2 Euumx npusuara
no Ieuuauouoy cronnky $:
1) OBR3A1EBLHOC1L npnmenennx
onoro ns oasameuoumx onpeoe.ume.e
nepe cyuecmeumeuoum !!!
Houemy cnona ns Ieuua.iuoeo cmo.oura
nasnant mnom oasameuoumu onpeoe.ume.+u?
Horomy, uro
ecnn MM, nanpnmep, no-pyccru moxem npocro ckasart:
mory oxmypnrt % enymky!,
ro no-aue.ucru nmenno mar ckasart HEBL3R,
rak kak no-aueuucru nepe +ro oeevuro
(ecnn c ne nc okay!)
oasameuouo onxno croxrt xomo raroe-mo cnono
ns ntmenpnnennoro cmo.oura,
ro ecrt moxno/ nyano mouoro 1ax:
O F 3 A T"E H I H O !!!
HIS eeo ( eeouvm)
NO uurarvm* (crp. 278)
ANY .movm
I can charm THIS omv girl.
a ru :aa+ SUCH A marvm
SOME uervm
A/THE oouv/mv ca+vm n r..

$
Bes +roro
kareropnueckn ueuosa !!!
"
THESE omux
I can charm THOSE mex girlS.
SUCH marux
}
}
277 276
H enaercx +ro oueuo npoc1o,
rak kak
nocne 'I x, 'you rt, nt, 'we mt, 'they onn
n nocne cvuecmeume.iuix no uoxecmeeuuo uncne
( cnonoS)
n uacmoaue epe+euu (cm. na 6, 5 cm. nnxe)
c anrnncknm rnaronom
noome HHHEIO enart HE nao
epnre ero, kak on ecrt n ueuseuuum ncrannxre
n Bame anrnnckoe npenoxenne!
Hanpnmep:
HEus+euu. rnaron "
Mt PABO1AEM ouent ycepno We WORK very hard.
wn wr e+pu xaao
Te napHH TAHHVK1 sect kaxym nout.
Those guyS DANCE here every night.
ovs ea3 oaauc xno +epu uam
$ HEus+euuui rnaron
A uacmoauee epe+ +ro kora uro-ro nponcxonr
ceeoou, ce:ac, menepi, ooi:uo, eceeoa,
" e uauu ouu n r.n.
"
BIYuHTE CAOBA (XX 32-38):
now uav cenuac, 1enept
today mvo+, moo+ ceronn
generally orieuopo.u omuno
usually mvrie.u omuno
always oo.wos ncera
as a rule s opyv. xax npannuo
nowadays uavooos n nac1onmee npeun
+
every ... ( minute, day, week, month, Sunday, year)
+epu +nuum oo wnur +au cauoo no
xaa.: mnnyra, ent, neenx, mecxn, nockpecente, ro
n r. .;

1 2 3 4 5
nnxy 31OIO ontmoro kpacnnoro enoro cnona.
I see THIS big beautiful white elephant.
a cuu uc oue omvmuqv. wam +.uqoum

NB !!!
Oparnre ocooe nnnmanne $ !!!
Ckontko t onpeoe.euu nn croxno nepe cvuecmeume.iui+
( % oo.iuo, rpacuei, oe.i .), no
oasameuoum onpeoe.ume.i
nc panno cronr HEPE ncemn onpeoe.euu+u,
rak kak
nmo oasameuoum onpeoe.ume.i
+ro onpeoe.euue N1 !!!

BHHMAHHE !!!
1) B Cxee (na crp. 272) cnpana y nac ecrt ooermi (X5),
a n nauane cxemt ecrt cvoermi (X1).
Cyzermo nnn ooermo+ moxer trt cvuecmeume.iuoe n umo
uncne ('cat nnn catS), +ecmou+euue (I, he n r..), u+
coocmeeuuoe (Pete, Moscow n r..).
(B ntmenpnnenno cxe+e x no1ouy an Bam 1outxo
+ecmou+euu 'I/ you/ we/ they, uro
nocne nnx |n uacmoaue npemenn !|
anrnnckn rnaron us+eumi ne nyxno !!!).
Cyzerm ecrnyer cau,
a Ooerm nonepraercx eos/oecmeum (cvoerma),
npnum camo
eos/ecmeue ncera ntpaxaercx euaeouo
(r. e. cnonom, oosnauammnm oecmeue nnn cocmouue).
3naunr, euaeouo mt moxem cesieami
cvoerm c ooermo+ ...
279 278
HE nnxy ontmnx komek I see NO big cats.
a cuu HOV oue rmc
Bvrea.iuo: nnxy HE ontmnx komek.
Onpeoe.euue "
Mt HE :umae+ nontx knnr We read NO new books.
wn puuo HOV umv ovrc
Bvrea.iuo: Mt unr... HE nonte knnrn.
BHHTE:
Mm ompuae+ ruarou ( ue :umae+ .),
a aue.osi:uie (npn nomomn NO)
ompuamm cymecrnnrentnoe
eecme c ero onpeoe.euu+u !!!
( NO new interesting books).
To ecrt:
ueeo onn ue euom nnn ue :umamm
mo onn n ompuamm !!!
euan1e, pexra, n Bm rak xe
Bam uro, cnao , uro nn!
H1O MI VE TEXHHuECKH VMEEM ?
(uepes 10 mnnyr nocne nauana urennx !!!).
Bor Bam " , nanpnmep, 37 anrnncknx c.oe " (ue nxoxmnx
n ntmeynomxnyrte 127), ns koroptx cnona n ro.ourax X 2, 4 n 5
nsxrt mnom npouseououo, n moryr trt samenent
AKBLMH pyrnmn noomeHEus+euuui+u
anrnncknmn cnonamn npao us nmoro cuoeapa.
Hs +rnx cnon nnn ns nmtx pyrnx moxno ryr xe
cnoxnrt (no cxeme, anno panee na crp. 272) konoccantnoe
konnuecrno AKBLX ro+ouuau, koropte xnnxmrcx
npannutnmun sua:u+i+u anrnncknmn npenoxennxmn
2) B nepeune ooermoe na crp. 272 Bam ano 7 ooermuix
+ecmou+euu c nx snauennxmn
( cnona rnna +eu, eeo n r. n.).
Onako nockontky n anrnnckom HET naoere,
ro +rn cnona (me, him n r..)
coomeemcmevmm nceu pyccknm eapuauma+, a nmenno:
ME +uu menx, mne, mnom
YOU mv rex, ree, room
nac, nam, namn
HIM xu+ nm, emy, nnm, nemy, nm
HER x e, e, em, ne, ne, nem
IT * um ono, emy, nm, ona, e, em, on, emy *
US ac nac, nam, namn
THEM o+ nx, nm, nmn, nnx, nnm, nnmn.
* Y 'it rak mnoro snauenn/coomeemcmeu noromy, uro
+mu cnonom no-anrnnckn oosnauamrcx BCE n BC,
rpoe myxunn n xenmnn (r.e. kpome ume)
(n uesaeucu+o or no.a/poa:
cnon cnonuxa, menet meneua,
nerep, nmont, cron, cner n r. . nc +ro IT);

3) Ecnn nepe cvuecmeume.iui+

(nnn nepe eeo onpeoe.euu/-e+/-+u)
Bt nocrannre c.oee:ro 'NO uov He, He1, Hnxaxon,
ro Bt YE c/moxere ckasart o mnorom n
n ompuuameuouo qop+e
(npnum ouent rameeopuuuo !!!).
Ho yurnre, uro ecnn ecrt onpeoe.ume.i 'NO, ro pxom c nnm
yxe ontme ueuosa ncnontsonart
uurarux pyrnx onpeoe.ume.e n rom uncne
n HHKAKOIO apmur. !!!:
281 280
YCTAHOBOHHLH HPHMEP/OBPA3EH
na nocrpoenne npenoxennx ns ntmenpnnenntx cnon:
I carry any clever monkey/s.
a rpu +uu r.eeo +auru/s
nomy nm... ymn... oestx/-ny/-n.
mYPYHTE H BI TAK E $
KTO/HTO BAM MEmAET ???
* BAHO !!!
Hosnakomtrect c moe nono paspaorko no nasnannem
Pyccko-Pycckne 0opmynt u.u PPm !
Hx nent nomout Bam nonxrt npuuun,
no koropomy aue.osi:uie crpoxr nekoropte cnon roucmpvruu.
PPm +ro pyccxne ]past nnn ooopomi,
nonxrnte nx pvccrosi:uix,
n xnnxmmnecx rountmn ra.ira+u/konnxmn
]pas/ooopomoe anrnncknx!
(Cm. crp. 399 n Cnpaeo:uo :acmu).

BL3YBPHTE !!!
A nor Bam n nepnax " PPm:
Aue.osi:uie HE ronopxr: Y menx/rex/nac/nac/nnx ecrt ...!
Ouu ron"opxr: " cnono X39
HMEK ...
Tt ueeuo ...
Mt uee ...
Bt ueeme ...
Onn uemm ...
3ru enymku uemm ...
I HAVE ...
You have ...
We have ...
You have ...
They have ...
These girls have
a xe
mv xe
wn xe
mv xe
o xe
e.s xe
mne npocro nent cunrart, crouoro u+euuo npenoxenn Bt moxere
ryr xe cnoxnrt
no x ymam, uro onee 20.000 ...
HAHAKHTE HA CMBCH
n
npocro cr.aoieame umme cnona c ummu pyrnmn
cnonamn ns +roro " cnncka (ne ecnokoxct o npaeu.iuocmu, rak
kak o ne nosaornnnct epe+ n ) !!!
Tontko (ecnn nyxno!) npnannxre 'S k cymecrnnrentnomy !!!
Takxe nomnnre o pasnnne mexy:
this/that ! cymecrnnrentnoe n euucmeeuuo :uc.e
n 'these/those ! cymecrnnrentnoe no uoxecmeeuuo
:uc.e ( S)!

A K B O -H/-E
Cvoerm
Inaron Onpeoe.um. Onpeoe.euue Cymecrnnr.
1 2 3 4 5
I
You
We
They
People
nuun.
( umn)
These girls
u m.o.
respect
love
adore
hate
count
expect
carry
save
touch
touch
have*
u m.o.
my
no
any
this
that
these
those
serious
clever
big
beautiful
white
u m.o.
friend/s
girl/s
dog/s
table/s
hand/s
face/s
house/s
monkey/s
book/s
room/s
u m.o.
B annom ntme cnncke ($) x nouepknyn 5 nponsnoutno
ntpanntx cnon n (nannenan na cmtcn!) npocro cuoanu +rn
cnona, nonyunn npn +rom
(rpammarnueckn) acoum1no npannutnoe
anrnnckoe npenoxenne!
{
283 282
H: " cnono X 77 (crp. 47)
V ... HE BVE1 (uuraro) komkn ... WILL HAVE NO cat.
wn. xe uov rm

OHOHHHTEHIHIE HPHMEPL
na qopm rnarona 'have xe u+emi
(npnum +1n " qop+i Bt moxere ncnontsonart
c ummun cvoerma+u,
n rom uncne n c ummun +ecmou+euu+u):
V menx BMBA (mox) kpacnnax nopyra.
I HAD (my) beautiful girlfriend.
a xo (+a) omvmuqv. e.qpouo
1 2
V nac HE BMBO ymntx pyse.
2 1
We HAD NO clever friends.
wn xo uov r.eeo qpouos
12
V ... BVE1 kyua nponem.
1 2
... WILL HAVE a lot of problems.
... wn. xe o.om oe npoo.e+s
$
Amoe +ecmou+euue
Amon cvoerm
3 12
V ... HE BVE1 nponem.
1 2 3
... WILL HAVE NO problems.
... wn. xe uov npoo.e+s
$
Amoe +ecmou+euue
Amon cvoerm

YCTAHOBOHHLE HPHMEPL/OBPA3HL:
V nac EC1L mnoro entx komEK.
We HAVE many white catS.
wn xe ++uu wam rmC
Bvrea.iuo: Mt HMEEM ...
Ecnn xe y nx pyse, nanpnmep, uem rouer,
ro ouu orkponenno o +rom n saxnnxmr:
V nnx HE1 ontmnx entx komek.
They HAVE NO big white cats.
o xe uov oue wam rmc
V +rnx cronon HE1 noxek These tableS HAVE NO legs.
3rn cronM HE HMEK1 uus moo.3 xe uov .ees

HBH (pacmnpenne!):
V menx/rex/nero/ne/nac/nac/nnx BMB/-a/-o/-n !
"
! /rt/on/ona/ono/mt/nt/onn HMEB/-a/-o/-n
"
I/you/he/she/it/we/they HAD ... Hpoueuee npemx
xo
( rak nastnaemax 2-n qop+a rnarona).
" cnono X 40
V ... HE BMB/-o (uuraro) komkn ... HAD NO cat.
xo uov rm

HBH:
V menx/rex/nero/ne/nac/nac/nnx BV/-er/-yr . !
"
! /rt/on/ona/ono/mt/nt/onn BV... HME1L
" "
I/you/he/she/it/we/they WILL HAVE ....
... wn. xe
$
285 284
YCTAHOBOHHLE HPHMEPL/OBPA3HL:
Onn yesxamm ( yeyr) saempa They leave tomorrow.
o .uue mo+opov
3rn napnH npumeamm
These guyS arrive
Onn npumeamm ( npnyyr) cma e cueymuee eocrpeceuoe.
They arrive here next Sunday.
o opae xno uorcm cauoo
Ero parLR norynamm nam om saempa.
( kynxr)
His brotherS buy our house tomorrow.
xus opaoC oa avo xavc mo+opov
Mnoro rocrEH npuym nocuesaempa.
Many guestS come the day after tomorrow.
++uu eocmC ra+ oo+ aaqmo mo+opov

OOOHEHL BAHO !!!

Hepe xaamu emopi+, mpemiu+ n r..
anrnncknm rnaronom
n oasameuoueue nopxke
uyxuo cmaeumo cnoneuko/:acmu:rv to:
1 2 1 % 2
xouy % %% %% nptramo I want to jump.
a woum mv or+n

OFAHEHHOE PACHHPEHHE.
Uacmua to mv (nepe e.aeo.o+) moxer em snaunrt
utot:
1 2 3
paoram, utot trt n cocroxnnn yunrtcx!
I work to be able to study!
a wr mv ouu oo. mv cmaou
PE3KME.
3asypnnan npnmept/opasnt ($) n konnpyx nx, Bt
c nomomtm cnonapx VE moxere ckasart ouent unoroe
o ceoux, meoux, eauux, uauux u ux(-uux) oecmeux
n uacmoaue npemenn !!!
(A c rnaronom have xe u+emi no ecex 3 epe+euax
ro ecrt axe em n n npoueue n n yyue !!!).

PACmHPEHHE X1.
KAACC !!! !
Ho ecnn n konen nnn n nauano Bamero anrnnckoro npenoxennx
Bt nocrannre ony ns cneymmnx c.oeecuix eouuu (X 41-43),
ro Bt nonyunre momenrantnym nosmoxnocrt onucauu ecrnnx,
npoucxooueeo
n yyue !!!
BL3YBPHTE: ! Tomorrow san1pa
(XX 41-43) mv+opov, mo+opov
The day after tomorrow nocuesan1pa
oo+ aaqmo mo+opov
Next ... ( week, Sunday, year, summer, Christmas).
uorcm wnur cauoo no ca+o rpnc+oc
B/na cueymmee: neenx, nockpecente, ro, nero, Poxecrno,
u m.n.
KOHKPETHKA:
"
nmo ueus+euuui rnaron
I leave tomorrow.
You come the day after tomorrow.
We arrive next week.
They u m.o. ~ Sunday.
People ~ year.
These girls . ~ Summer.
u m.o. ~ Christmas, u m.o.
287 286
Y menx ner
nnsknx pysEH sect,
nockontky
nce mon crapte py3LR
xnnyr n pasntx mecrAX.
I have no
a xe uov
close friendS here
r.ovc qpouo3 xno
since
cuuc
all my old friendS
oo. +a ov.o qpouo3
live in different placeS.
.ue uu onqpoum n.+cu3

2. TOAHOK.
(Bropo +ran 15 mnnyr).
3AAHHE: eu 14 cnon 3 us+eueuu anrnnckoro cnona
(koropte ant nnxe);
HEAL: npnoperenne eu 5% aue.osi:uix nosmoxnocre;
BPEMR: eu 15 mnnyr urennx.

HOHECAACL !!!
Btyunnaem em 14 ueus+eue+ix anrnncknx cnon
ckontko yrono us+eue+ix, n cpasy xe nponsnonm
nepnme 3 us+eueuu anrnnckoro cnona: ! 1)2)3) S
(ns omero konnuecrna ncero-nancero
10 qvuruoua.iuix us+eueuu, cymecrnymmnx n anrnnckom !!!).
BAHAR HHmOPMAHHR.
B anrnnckom nce qvuruoua.iuie us+eueuu, nponcxoxmne
(nnn: koropte Bt moxere nponsnonrt) co cnonom,
xnnxmrcx 1outxo
eueuuuu!
3rnx us+eueuu ncero 10 umvr, n saknmuamrcx onn
n npnanuennn r rouuy anrnnckoro cnona
onoro ns 8 orou:auu!
Kaxt ent onn npnxoxr cma, utot nonnart nac.
Every day they come here to see us.
+epu o+ o ra+ xno mv cuu ac
utot cenart +ro, rt onxen trt cnntntm!
To do this you must be strong!
mv ovv uc mv +acm ouu cmpoue

CMOTPHTE, H1O BI VE YMEETE !!!

(Bcero uepes 15 mnnyr nocne nauana urennx !!!).
YCTAHOBOHHLH TEKCT X1
nokynam
ouent mnoro
nontx anrnncknx knnI
n xypnanOB
kaxt mecxn,
noromy uro
1 2
x xouy % %% %% snart nc.
3rn knnrH
nomoramr mne
ouent cnntno.
I buy
a oa
very many
e+pu ++uu
new English bookS
umv nue.uui ovrC
and magazineS
uo +eosuu3
every month,
+epu +au
because
ouroos
1 2
I want to know everytning.
a woum mvuov +epuuue
These bookS
uus ovrC
help me
xo.n +uu
very much.
e+pu +am:
289 288
o OHOM nn rvcme, nanpnmep, mna peut,
nnn o MHOIHX rvcmax
nonpoyre, nponsnecnre cnono 'bushS ovuc!
He ncera net n nonyunrcx!!!
Ho+romy n noontx cnyuaxx ( nocne rak nastnaemtx
uunuux coe.acuix
nocne SH-, S-, CH-, J-, X n Z-)
+ro '-E- nepe 'S u na konne cvuecmeume.iuix,
u na konne e.aeo.oe (crp. 290)
oxsarentno n ncrannxercx !!!

NB !!!
Ho nocne coe.acuo -th (kak t ona nn nponsnocnnact)
ovqepua -e- HE cmaeumc,
rak kak samertre !!! nx aue.osi:uix
(u ncropnueckn, u no npuuunv opasonannx)
coe.acua - unae x -1, uem k -c,
a coe.acua - unae x -, uem k -s !!!,
no+romy:
5 mecxnEB 5 monthS qae +auC, a ue 5 monthes.
3 ykH 3 boothS puu ovvC, a ue 3 boothes !!!

TPH S:
1) (e)S npnannxre K rouuy nmoro (kpome 918 27
mryk cm. n Cnpaeo:uo :acmu) cymecrnnrentnoro ns cnonapx,
urot nocrannrt ero!
no! uoxecmeeuuoe uncno:
table ! tableS moo.3
bush ! bushES oyuiH3
tax ! taxES mrcH3 nanorH;

(Tannna +rnx 8 orou:auu ecrt n Cnpaeo:uo :acmu

annoro noconx na crp. 401-402).
Bnyrpn anrnnckoro cnona
mt HHHEIO c/enart HE moxem !!!

PE3KME ! 3naunr, nocne +1oro Jmana Bam ocranercx

ntyunrt ncero-nancero 7 nosmoxntx us+eueuu !
(10 3 S 7)
A nepnte 3 us+eueuu +ro ono n ro xe 'S,
rontko nnora +ro 'S npnannxercx r rouuy anrnnckoro
cnona n n nne 'ES, ro ecrt c rak nastnaemtm
npomexyrountm/ ovqepui+ -e-!
NB !
-E- noxnnxercx ueay rouo+ cnona n orou:auue+ S rora,
kora y Bac uem pyro eosoxuocmu
IOBOCOM norasami +ro npnannennoe orou:auue S
a nokasart-ro ero nao !!!
Kak, nanpnmep, es +roro -E- Bt nponsnecre cnono
bush ovui xyc1
no uoxecmeeuuo uncne
( bushES oyuiH3 kycrM) ?
A cnono fixES qnrcH3 unnHT ?
Bet nponsnecrn qurcCCC rak, urot tno onosnauno
cumuuo, uro 'S npnanneno, noome nepeantno,
nockontky n anrnnckom uem onrnx coe.acuix ..!!!
BHHTE !
Ecnn t ne npo+ervmo:uoe/ovqepuoe -E- n oonx
+rnx $ cnyuaxx, ro orou:auue S cnnnanoct t c nocnennm
'-SH nnn c '-S (nnn, nanpnmep, c -Z),
n Bam coecennk ne nonxn t nnn npocro mor t ne ycntmart,
291 290
3) Tperte S uepes anocmpoq ( ) npnannxre
K rouuy anrnnckoro cnona,
urot oosnaunrt euaeuoua uero-nno:
NB.
Tyr xe ncnomnnre 'McDonalds MakonantOB (Ue?),
u.u Harypantnte unnct 'Lays Hoeem (Uiu?),
u.u Uncle Bens xu FenHHt (xcno, Uiu?).

A nor n HEPBIH HAHPRI,

koropt saknmuaercx n us+eueuuu nopara cuoe
(no cpannennm c pyccknm!).
Bostmm, nanpnmep, pycckym ]pasy:
1 2 3
Knaprnpa moe marepH.
Byreauoume anrnnckne oreuea.eum n nepeno ( PPm) +ro
]past ntrnxxr uyrt nnaue sa cu1 useueuua nopnxa cnon:
2 3 1 ! 2 3 1
Moe marep`H knaprnpa ! My motherS flat.
Kro euaeueu knaprnpt? Mart?
Tak nor nmenno r amepu n npnannxercx +ro S !!!
Em pas oparnre, noxanycra, ocooe nnnmanne na pasuuuy
n nopxke cnon $" n pycckom n n anrnnckom napnanrax.
Mt net moxe ronopnm:
3ro xe oe amepu reapmupa !!! ...

HEHHOE YKA3AHHE.
3asypnre pycckym ]pasy ( PPm)
1 2 3
MOEH MATEP`H KBAPTHPA,
n crpore nce Bamn anrnnckne npenoxennx
c BBAEBLHEM npxmo no ne $ !!!
2) (e)S npnannxre K rouuy HRFOIO rnarona
n uacmoaue npemenn
X 44 X 45 X 46
HOCBE mecronmenn HE, SHE, IT n WHO?
xu uiu um xvv
ro ecrt nocne Ou, Oua, Ouo n Kmo?,
koropte x pekomenym nepeuua:umi n mnnte c.oee:ru!
! OnC, OnaC, OnoC n KroC?
( o kyun Mo korC),
urot onn aemoamuuecru nanomnnann Bam o rom, uro
nocue nnx
K rouuy anrnnckoro rnarona nyxno npuaeumo (e)S:
! ! ! !
He readS many bookS Ou unraE1 +uoeo knnI.
! !
She planS to leave Oua nnannpyE1 yexamo.
uiu n.us mv .uue

KPAHHE BAHO.
He orxox or kacct, npomy Bac nosnakomnrtcx em c onnm kpane
nyxntm cnonom/qop+o na 'S
... HAS ... x3 ... HMEE1 ... (X 47)

$
OnC, onaC, onoC, KroC?, Mo korC haS
(ro ecrt +ro 'HAveS, y koroporo cpeouuuoe -ve- npocro
co npemenem eiea.u.oci n norepxnoct):
V nero (ecmo) mnoro pyse He HAS many friendS.
On HMEE1 ... xu x3 ++uu qpouo3
H:
V nero HE1 xopomnx pyse He HAS NO good friendS;
xu x3 uov evo qpouo3

293 292
rak kak HH y rarux anrnncknx +ecmou+euu
(n rom uncne n y npumrame.iuix)
HET uu naexe, uu poon, uu uncen,
a snaunr, camn onn (kak n ece anrn. onpeoe.euu)
no pooa + n :uc.a+ HE nsmenxmrcx.
Ho ceuac eno ne rontko n +rom!

Hpumrame.iuie +ecmou+euu 1-ro THHA ynorpenxre

TOALKO c pyrnmn cnonamn/cvuecmeume.iui+u,
nesanncnmo or nx :uc.a n r. n.:
HHraro apmur.i nepe me+, ue e.aoemm
sect ue uyxeu:
1 2 ! 2 1
My fatherS car +a qaaoc raa Mamnna moeeo orn`A.
My fatherS cars +a qaaoc raac Mamnnm moeeo orn`A.
BritainS foreign policy opumuc qopuu no.ucu
Bnemnxx nonnrnka Fpnrann`H.

HKAHC !!! Tenept, snax o cymecrnonannn S ( xosuu)

Bam nerue yer nonxrt n ycnonrt cneymmn ouent naxnt umauc.
3nare, uro n anrunncxou xstke nmemrcx
2 (BA) pasnmx muna npumrame.iuix +ecmou+euu.
3AYHHTE (XX48-52) !
I: II:
mo MY +a mine +au X48
rno, nam, Bam YOUR o yourS o3 X49
ero(-ui) HIS xus hiS xus
e HER x herS x3 X50
ero, e (o ueoovu.) ITS umc itS umC
nam OUR avo ourS avo3 X51
nx(-uu) THEIR +o theirS +o3 X52
Oparnnn nnnmanne?
$
Bese (kpome mine) na konnax cnon npncy$rcrnyer S
( xosuu) !!!
Omee nx oenx epvnn cnono Ue? WHOSE? xyvs
Haemct, Bt nomnnre, uro, nanpnmep, 'MY +a snaunr
n o, n oa, n o,
n ou, n oux, n ou n r..
MY house, YOUR sisters, HIS cars n r..
+a xavc o cncmos xus raas
Mo ou, rnon cc1pm, ero uamnnm,
Moero oua, rnonx cec1p, ero uamnnau.
31o1 rnn anrnncknx npumrame.iuix +ecmou+euu
nonnocrtm coornercrnyer
pyccxnu npumrame.iui+ +ecmou+euu+.

Cnona xe 2-ro THHA ynorpenxmrcx CAMOCTOTEHIHO,

n otuno cnyxar kparknmn orneramn na nonpoct rnna
He omo oo+?, nnn xe koporknmn, pesknmn yrnepxennxmn:
3rn knnrn ou These books are mine ( crp. 295).
Te knnrn more ou Those books are mine too.
ovs ovrc aa +au mvv
3rn knnrn meou These books are yours.
3rn knnrn meou? Are these books yours?
aa uus ovrc os
Whose house is this one? Its mine!, u.u npocro: Mine!
xyvs xavc us uc wau umc +au +au
ue om +ro(-r) Mon!.
nnxy, uro rt nocnmt crapte pyamkn! Bostmn MOH!
I see that you wear old shirts! Take MINE!
a cuu m mv w+o ov.o uimc mor +au
X95
295 294
E HPHMEPL.
My brothers car the car of my brother mamnna moero par`a,
+a opaoc raa o raa OB +a opao parOBa mamnna;
His sisters name the name of his sister nmx ero cecrp`m,
xus cncmos uo+ o uo+ OB xus cncmo cecrpOBo nmx.
3ror npeo.oe of noome ncnontsyercx nx opasonannx
coomeemcmeu romy, uro y nac nastnaercx poumeuoum naexo,
npocro y enxxek-anrnnuan naexoe HE1, nor nm n npnxonrcx
ncnontsonart oxonte mannpt:
Branches of trees Bernn epentEB
opaaum:is oe mpuus (-ee of).
Millions of dollars Mnnnnont, kak Bt ymaere, :eeo?
+n.iouc oe oa.os (onnapOB).
The companies of our Iamily (Te) ]npmt namEH cemtH.
o ra+nouus oe avo q+u.u

NB N 1 (em pas nepnnrect cma nonosnee!).

Bos+oreu n concem yx, kasanoct t, ueeos+orui napnanr
coueranne npenora 'of euaeuoua c 's na konne
(oosnauennoro, npenournrentno, npocro u+eue+ coocmeeuui+)
nnn
npenor 'of npumrame.iuoe +ecmou+euue 2-ro muna
(crp. 292)
n +rom cnyuae nc ntpaxenne npnoperaer ommeuor
ouu us .:
These friends OF JOHNS . 3rn pystx xonA
uus qpouos oe orous
She is a friend OF MINE Ona ona ns MOHX nopyr.
uiu us oqp+uo oe +au
He was a slave OF HERS On tn E paom;
xu wos oc.+e oe xs

3ro HAHE! Its OURS! umc avos

The money is YOURS, and nobody will take it from you!
o+auu us O3 uo uovooou wn. mor um qpo+ mv'
entrn 1BOH, n nnkro ne saepr nx y (or) rex!

OTAHHHLH HPHMEP (n ouent annon !):

Scratch my back, and Ill scratch YOURS !!! Houemn mom
crpm: +a or uo a. crpm: O3 cnnnky,
a x meom!.
To ecrt: Tt mne, x ree!.

PACmHPEHHE BO3MOXHOCTEH
(uyrt oneperamuee moxere nepnyrtcx k nemy n nosnee!).
3 BAXHEHBHX HPEBOIA:
1) Oosnaunrt euaeuoua nnn ntpasnrt omuoueuua
cocmeeuuocmu no-anrnnckn moxno em onnm cnocoom.
B +rom cnyuae HEPE BHAEHBHEM nnn nepe
nceun ero onpeoe.euu+u crannrcx ouent noxoxee na ero
pycckn oreuea.eum nekoe cnoneuko-npeo.oe.
3ro npeo.oe of oe nnn oq,
n emy n pycckom xstke ecrt ny npocro 100 -x napa..e.i
no rontko n nne ue npeo.oea, a cvqqurca -OB-:
FopncOBa mamnna the car OF Boris o raa OB oopuc
OrnOB om the house OF my father o xavc OB +a qaao
Ho ro, uro y pyccknx HPHCOEHHRE1CR r rouuy cnona,
y anrnnuan cmaeumc HEPE cnonom !!!
+
A KBAPTHPA of MOEH MATEPH,
nnn:
The KBAPTHPA of MOEH MATEPH.
H:
297 296
(npnum CAMH +rn " vrasvmuue c.oea
uuroea HE nsmenxmrcx !!!):
HE
SHE
IT
WHO?
xu
uiu
um
xvv
on
ona
ono
Kro?
MANY (X 53)
FEW (X 54)
SEVERAL (X 55)
A LOT OF (X 56)
PLENTY OF (X57)
SUCH (X 21)

THESE
THOSE
++uu
qmv
c+epo.
o.om oe
n.eumu oe
cam:
nus
ovs
unoro
uauo
necxoutxo
unoro
unoro
1axne, 1axnx
n r. .
+1n
1e
H1O n KAK CKHAIBATI:
! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !
! ! ! ! $ "
$ Hmo " $ HEnsmennnoe Hmoe "
HE IuarouS MANY OHPEEBEHHE CYmECTBHT.S
n p. n p. ns cnonapx
"
KOHKPETHKA: "
! ! ! " ! ! ! ! !
$ " $ "
HE seeS MANY good friendS very often.
She meetS a lot of nice girlS e+pu oqu
It . several . guyS ouent uacro.
Who? few . . .
plenty of
such
these
those
Hepeno nepnoro npnmepa $:
Ou nnH1 MHOIO xopomnx py3EH ...
Hepeno nroporo npnmepa $:
Oua ncrpeuaE1 MHOIO mnntx enymEK ...

2) Hpenor 'BY oa oosnauaer,

KEM nnn HEM uro-ro cenano:
A mistake made BY you.
o+ucm+r +oo BAH mv
Omnka, cenannax TOFOK Tnox omnka.
The house built BY this man om, nocrpoennt
oxavc ou.m BAH uc +u 3THM uEHOBEKOM;

3) Onako kora peut nr o um-nnyt,

uro mt paccmarpnnaem KAK HHC1PVMEH1,
ro ncnontsyre npeo.oe WITH wn
( pycckomy c ...):
To eat soup WITH a Iork Ecrt cyn nnnkOH.
mv uum cvvn wn oqoor
I built it WITH my own hands.
a ou.m um wn +a ovu xuos
nocrponn +ro cnoHMH cocrnennMMH pykAMH.

HOMOmL !
Em ona oa paspaorka em ona epynna anrnncknx cnon,
oennnntx euum npusuaro+:
VKA3VKHHE CHOBA
( cnona-noocrasru),
ro ecrt marue cnona,
koropte yrasmeamm Bam,
umo nyxno enart nocue nnx !!!
HOCHE 12 yrasymuux cnon nnn c.oe-noocrasor
( X 53-57), npnnenntx anee ,
Bt onsanm K rouuy nocneymmero anrnnckoro c.oea
npnannxrt orou:auue (e)S
299 298
A nor BTOPOH HAHPRI,
cosannt rem, uro
Ooueeo cnona ceo n anrnnckom HET !!!
Ho+romy nmecro nero ncera
(n n oasameuoueue nopxke !!!)
ncnontsyre
noxonmee npumrame.iuoe +ecmou+euue,
nnn kak ronopm x
onn ns oasameuoumx onpeoe.ume.e
(cm. crp. 272).
To ecrt aue.osi:uie BCEIA vmo:umm,
HLK reuv ouu .mom nnn HLH uoeu ouu +omm!!!
Btop nyxnoro/noxoxmero npumrame.iuoeo +ecmo-
u+euu oasameuouoeo onpeoe.ume. sanncnr or cyzer-
muoeo mecronmennx, koroptm oosnauaercx oecmevmuee .uo
cyzerm.
To ecrt sect nmeer mecro cneymmax noc1onnnan
np+a (n oopamua!) saeucu+ocmi coomeemcmeue:
I &! MY +a mo
YOU &! YOUR o rno, nam, Bam
HE &! HIS xus ero, eeoui*
SHE &! HER x e
IT &! ITS umc ero eeoui*,
e, eui*
WE &! OUR avo nam
THEY &! THEIR +o nx(-uu*).
* Homnnm, uro +rn cnona (sect n panee) ynorpenent mnom
nx roro, urot vmo:umi snauenne cnon aueuucrux !

KPYTO !!!
Bt yxe cnokono moxere ckasart no-anrnnckn, nanpnmep, cneymmee:
OHA ncrpeuaE1 1AKHX kpacnntx napHEH ouent peko.
SHE meetS SUCH beautiful guyS very seldom.
HLH +uumC cam: omvmuqv. ea3 e+pu c+.oo+
K1O unraE1 HECKOBLKO nnrepecnMX knnI kaxym neenm?
WHO readS SEVERAL interesting bookS every week?
XVV puuo3 C3BP3B numpucmuue ovrC +epu wnur

YCTAHOBOuHIE HPHMEPL/OBPA3HL.
Bcnomnnaem, uro
n uacmoaue epe+euu c rnaronom
nnn HH:eeo HE uaoo enart,
nnn K eeo rouuy nyxno npocro npnannxrt (e)S
nocue He, She, It, Who?
( nocne OuC, OuaC, OuoC, KmoC?),
a rakxe nocue cvuecmeume.iuix n euucmeeuuo uncne
( nocue Mox coakaC):
Kaxtent MM cunraEM namnx kpacnntx coak.
Every day WE COUNT our beautiful dogS.
+epu o+ wn ravum avo omvmuqv. ooe3
Hx(-uue) pystR noK1 ouent rpomko.
Their FRIENDS SING very loudly.
+o qpouo3 cuue e+pu .avo.u
OH uacro unraE1 MHOIO craptx anrnncknx xypnanOB.
HE often readS MANY old English magazineS.
xu oqu puuo3 ++uu ov.o nue.uui +eosuu3
Hama COBAKA kycaE1 ncex Our DOG biteS everyone.
( kaxoro) avo ooe oamC +epuwau

301 300
mox cecrpa moE1 nx, my sister washES them,
+a cncmo wouiH3 o+
x pemonrnpym nx, I fix them,
a qurc o+
a nama mama and our mom
uo avo +o+
cunraE1 entrn. countS money.
ravumC +auu
Y nac ecrt mnoro We have many
wn xe ++uu
nocroxnntx knnenrOB, constant clientS,
roucmoum r.aoumC
nx konnuecrno their quantity
+o rwoumumu
nocroxnno pacr1. constantly growS
roucmoum.u epov3
n eno namero orn`A and our fatherS business
uo avo qaaoC onsuuc
ouent nomoraE1 nam. helpS us very much.
xo.nC ac e+pu +am:

TPETHH HAHPRI.
A nor ceuac, oennnn npoennoe, Bt nayunrect cmpoumo
cnom/Bamy nepnym anrnnckym roucmpyruum!
1 2 3
Mm ronopnm: xouy, utot ou au mne ..
Y uux xe:

1) ue cvoermuoe mecronmenne, a ozermuoe (crp. 272)

(name ou ! him);

HOCKA3KH k npnmepam ":

1) OnC (cm. crp. 290);
1 2 3
2) Moe marep`u knaprnpa.
YCTAHOBOuHIE HPHMEPL / OBPA3HL
H KOHHPOBAHHR n HOPAAHHR:
! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !
$ " $ "
OH otuno npoa1 mamnnM CBOEIO orn`A. "
HE usually sellS HIS fatherS carS.
xu mvrie.u co.3 xus qaaoC raaC
OHA uacro rnaH1 pykH CBOEIO myx`A.
SHE often strokeS HER husbandS handS.
uiu oqu cmpovrC x xasoouoC xuo3
Mo KO1 ncera nnxE1 CBOH nanM.
My CAT always lickS ITS pawS.
+a rm oo.wos .urC umc noo3
OHH unraK1 CBOH knnrH.
THEY read THEIR bookS o puuo +o ovrC
YCTAHOBOHHLH TEKCT N2
(ncero uepes 20 mnnyr nocne nauana).
Ham oren Our father
avo qaao
nokynaE1 n npoa1 buyS and sellS
oa3 uo co.3
pasnte crapte mamnnM. different old carS.
onqpoum ov.o raaC
Mt nomoraem emy We help him
wn xo.n xu+
303 302
Ho net n sect roxe ronopx no-pycckn!
moxno ncnontsonart cnono ceo, koroporo n anrnnckom uem!
H sect roxe nmeercx noc1onnoe coomeemcmeue
(coornecnre mao.u:rv " c npnmepamn):
Coornercrnymmn emy
Ooermuoe sa+euume.i
mecronmenne: cnona ceo:
me ! my +a
you ! your o
him ! his xus
her ! her x
it ! its umc
us ! our avo
them ! their +o:
xouy, utot ou cen ceo sanrpak.
I want " him to eat his breakfast op+rqocm
"
! ! !
$
Mt xornm, utot ouu ypann ceom kponart.
We want " them to remove their bed.
"
! ! !
$
pu+yve +o ooo

3. HOAT.
(Tpern +ran 30 mnnyr).
3AAHHE: suaro+cmeo em c 70 c.oeecui+u eouuua+u;
HEAL: ocrnxenne nosmoxnocrn ckasart no-anrnnckn
mnnnmym 70-80% roro,
uro mt otuno ronopnm no-pycckn;
BPEMR: eu 30 mnnyr urennx.

HOEEEXABH !!!
2) pyron nopoor c.oe
1 2 ! 2 1
(name . :tooi ou ! him to );

3) emopo (n r..) rnaron ue us+eume,

a oepume ero npao us cuoeapa:
him to give me !!!

3ect nonesno yer cneymmax

Cxema nocmoauumx coomeemcmeu:
1 2 ! 2 1
:tooi a ! me to ueus+eu. rnaron
:tooi mm ! you to
:tooi ou ! him to
:tooi oua ! her to
:tooi ouo ! it to
:tooi m ! us to
:tooi ouu ! them to .
To ecrt ouu ronopxr:
xouy eeo utot oami mne ..
I want him to give me :
xouy, :tooi ouu vexa.n! I want them to leave!
a woum o+ mv .uue
Onnxorxr, :tooi +i rvnu.n +ror crapt om!
"
They want us to buy this old house!
o woum ac mv oa uc ov.o xavc

Takxe 'to moxno npnpannxrt n k namemy uto:

On nnannpyer, uto yey sanrpa.
He plans me to leave tomorrow.
xu n.us +uu mv .uue mo+opov
305 304
262 (crp. 307) cnyuaen HEuseuaeocmu
anrnncknx rnaronon.
HAC1HHM n 3BEMEH1M, nocue koroptx
anrnnckn rnaron HE us+euemc:
HAC1HHM: 3BEMEH1M:
58) ... do ...! ovv
59) ... does ...! oas
60) ... did ...! ouo
61) Do ...? ovv
62) Does ...? oas
63) Did ...? ouo
64) Will ...? wn.
65) ... dont ... ooum
66) ... doesnt ... oasum
67) ... didnt ... ououm
68) ... wont ... woVum
69) Do ...! cu.iui
HPHKA3
70) Dont ...! 3AHPE1
71) CAN ru uout, yue1t
72) COULD rvo c/uor, c/yueu;
c/uor m, c/yueu m
73) MAY +o uoano
74) MIGHT +am nosuoano, ,
uoae1,
75) MUST +acm ouaen
76) OUGHT TOoom mv ouaen m
77) WILL wn. opasonarent
yyu. npemenn
78) SHALL u. ro xe camoe,
no ynorpenxercx
1outxo c 'I n 'We
79) WOULD wvo ... m ...,
c1au m , ... m c1au
80) SHOULD umo ouaen (tn) m,
cueonauo m,
nyano (muo) m
81) NEEDNT uuuoum ne nyano ...,
ne nao ...
82-83) ...d better ... uyume ...
oo+mo
...d rather ... cxopee ...
opaao
PACmHPHTEAL: than u , ueu :
Better than me Hyume, ue x.
o+mo u +uu
$ Tontko ozermuoe mecronmenne !
Bor 29 cnyuaen HEus+eue+ocmu anrnnckoro e.aeo.a.
H sect Bam nyxno ntyunrt 2 rpynnt cnon
34 cnona/eipareuu
34 c.oeecuie eouuui (X58-83 X85-92),
HOCBE koroptx
anrnnckn e.aeo. epnre npnuo ns cuonapn
n noome ero HE nsmenxre !!!

EHHME HPH3HAKH,
u.u
3 HPABHBA HO HEPBOH ! HOIPVHHE cnon!
OHO3HAHHEHmE !!!:
1) B3AHMOHEHPHMEHEHHE
BCE 26 uHEHOB 3TOH (!) HOIPVHHB ( 26 cnon)
HEBL3R YHOTPEFHTI PYI C PYIOM!
To ecrt unent nce +ro nepnon nooepvnni NN 58-83
( 26 cnon)
pyr c pyrom HE ynorpenxmrcx !!!
A k o.e+euma+ ornocnrcx em n sakon
B3AHMOBM1ECHEHHR
ro ecrt onn emmecuamm pyr pyra ( cm. crp. 331);
2) Kpome +roro, caun unent +ro nooepvnni c.oe
noome HE nsmenxmrcx !!!;
3) Hocue BCEX unenon +ro nooepvnni (nocne XX 53-83)
anrnnckn rnaron HE useuaemca !!!!!

X84

H
p
e

n
o
u
m
e
u
u
e

c
r
n
n
x

V
c
u
.
u
m
e
.
i
u
i
e
B
o
n
p
o
c
u
m
e
.
i
u
i
e
307 306
Em 2 cnyuax ueus+eue+ocmu anrnnckoro rnarona:
X27) HPOCLBA nnn HPHKA3 Take this !:
Xouemt no-anrnnckn uro-nnyt nonpocumo nnn npurasamo
orkpo cnonapt, ntepn cnono/rnaron,
n npxmo +1nu cuonou npocu nnn npurasiea,
noome ero HE us+eu !!!.
A. parynknn;

X28) n eocr.uauux n n pumopu:ecrux nonpocax

nocne eonpocume.iuix c.oe:
Heus+euuui rnaron (n BE3 :acmui to !!!!!).
"
Why gamble? wa e+o. A sauem uepami?
cnpamnnaer cama cex K+pn n cepnane Cekc n ontmom
ropoe, nponrpan xa.euvm mryky akcon;

29- cnyua ueus+eue+ocmu anrnnckoro e.aeo.a.

BTOPAR nooepvnna cnon 8 rnaronon (XX85-92),
HOCBE koroptx opveue rnaront HE us+eummc !!!
Takxe nocne +rnx " 8 rnaronon
nepe noc.eovmuu+u rnaronamn
ue uyxuo crannrt :acmuv to !!!
make
let
see
hear
feel
notice
observe
watch
+or
.em
cuu
xno
quu.
uovmuc
oose
wom:
sacrannxrt, npnnyxart
nosnonxrt, paspemart anart
nnert
nycrt
cntmart
uyncrnonart
sameuart
nanmart
cnenrt (sa)
$
Cau xe +rn rnaront
oeym nsmenxrtcx kak yrono !!!
CTPOIOE HAHOMHHAHHE !!!
Bo BCEX +rnx ($) 26 c.v:ax (XX 58-83)
rnaront
u nocne :acmu, u nocne o.e+eumoe
crantre HEH3MEHEHHBMH,
epx nx npxmo ns cnonapx !!!
To ecrt: HE enare noome HHHEIO !!!
Cmorpnre npnmept nnxe!

OHEHL HOAE3HAR OHHHmOPMAHHR:

Tpaouuoua.ucmi nastnamr o.e+eumi +ooa.iui+u
e.aeo.a+u no, npeynpexam +ro nx omnxa, rak kak
y o.e+eumoe HE1 HH ouoeo rnarontnoro npnsnaka !:

1) J.e+eumi (n ornnune or e.aeo.oe !!!)

noome HE useuammca
(ro ecrt k nnm HE npnannxercx HH onoro orou:auu) !!!

2) HH cnena, HH cnpana or o.e+eumoe

(n ornnune or e.aeo.oe !!!)
HE cmaeumca :acmua to !!!

3) Hannune o.e+euma (n anrnnckom npenoxennn)

HE ucrumuaem ueooxoou+ocmu nannunx rnarona !!!

Bc eno n rom, uro 1000 ner nasa

+rn c.oea BMBH rnaronamn no onn nepecmauu nmn trt,
rouno rak xe kak
epeeo, ntpocmee ns ce+e:ra, nepecmam trt ce+e:ro+ !!!!!
Moxere nastnart +rn c.oea +ooa.iui+u o.e+euma+u !!!

Inaront
:vecmeeuuoeo
eocnpumu.

mor uc
}
309 308
YCTAHOBOuHIE HPHMEPL k n. 29 ()
u
uETBPTIH HAHPRI
(! Bama nropax anrnnckax roucmpvru):
nnxy, KAK OH nenyem e pykH
"

Hoc.eovmu. rnaron ue nsmenxercx
"
! ! ! !
"
$ "
"
I see HIM kiss her handS.

! ! ! ! ! !
$ "
"
Mt cntmnm, H1O OHA nom ! "
! We hear HER sing.
(Bvrea.iuo: Mt cntmnm E nert).
H uurarux 'to !!!
3ror uernprt 'Hanpae saknmuaercx (kak nnnre $)
n rom, uro pycckax uacrt +ro roucmpvruu
( , rar ou . nnn . , umo oua )
HE nepenonrcx na anrnnckn ovrea.iuo,
a +1on uacrn pyccko roucmpvruu npocro ncera coornercrnyer
onpeennnoe anrnnckoe ozermuoe mecronmenne
(no HE cvoermuoe, kak n pycckom),
a nmenno,
CXEMA:

Anrnnckoe ozermuoe
! ! ! ! ! ! +ecmou+euue "
$ $ "
..., rar/umo ou ... ! anrnnckoe '... him ...,
a ..., rar/umo oua ... ! anrnnckoe ... her ...,

n r.. !!!
Oxsarentno n cpasy xe ntyunre ece $ +rn 8 rnaronon,
rak kak onn e umo cuyuae nyxnt Bam no xnsnn !!!
HPHMEPL:
BE3 to "
" " ueus+euuuie rnaront
Tt sacmaeuaeuo menx C1PAA1L!
You make me SUFFER!
mv +or +uu caqo
" BE3 to
"
Ona sacrannxem nac HH1L +ro nekapcrno kaxt ent!
She makeS us DRINK this medicin every day!
uiu +orC ac opuur uc ++oucuu +epu o+
" BE3 to
"
He a(ea) emy VH1H! Dont let him GO!
ooum .em xu+ eov
Hoseouo e
a e norannenart! Let her dance .em x oaauc
Inaron Let moxno em npnpannxrt k namemy Hycmo !
(no nocne 'Let nr 1outxo ozermuoe +ecmou+euue,
a ue cvoermuoe, kak n pycckom!):
Hseuuum rnaron HEus+euuui rnaron!
" "
Hycrt ou yxonr! Let him go! .em xu+ eov
Orcma nonyunnoct n ncem nsnecrnoe npue.aueuue r oecmeum
Lets .emc aea(-me) !:
HEus+euuui rnaron Hseuuum rnaron!
" "
Lets dance .emc oaauc aea(-me) norannyem!

311 310
YCTAHOBOHHLE HPHMEPL/OBPA3HL
na :acmui n na o.e+eumi.
NB. Hpnum, yurnre, uro pasumu HAC1HHAMH
mt norasmeae pasuoe BPEMR ecrnnx !!!
Hnn naoopor:
no HAC1HHAM mt euu BPEMR !!!
VCHBH1EBLHME :acmui (do !, does !, did !)
ovv oas ouo
+rnmn :acmua+u
mt noo:prueae+, ycuuueae name ntckastnanne!
(H cmorpnre, kak anrnnckoe do ! ovv
noxoxe na pycckoe a !).

nx HAC1ORHEIO epe+euu:
Anrnnckn rnaron
"
ue us+euu
A nmum xe x rex! = I DO love you!
" a yy .ae mv
"
! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !
$
HEus+euuui rnaron
"
A paoraem xe on(c)! He DOES work!
" " xu as wr
"
! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !
$

nx HPOHEHEIO epe+euu:
HEus+euuui rnaron
"
A npnxonBa xe ona! She DID come!
" " " uiu u ra+
"
! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !
$

3ro pycckoe c.oeoco:emauue ( rar oua ) moxer axe

ntrnxert n kak . sa me, rar oua . no no-anrunncxn
+ro nc panno yer npocro! her :
Kaxt ent x uao.moam sa me, rar oua yxonr k pyry.
" "
Every day I watch ! her go to her friend.
+epu oo a wom: x eov mv x qpouo

3HAHHT:
..., rar/umo a ...
..., rar/umo mm/em ...
..., rar/umo ou ...
..., rar/umo oua ...
..., rar/umo m ...
..., rar/umo ouu ...
!
!
!
!
!
!
... me ...
... you ...
... him ...

Inaron
... her ...
ns cnonapx
... us ...
(Bes to !)
... them ...
n HHKAKHX anrnncknx ..., rar ... nnn ..., :mo ...!!!
Fnaroapx +ro $ mpaucqop+auu
Bt nonyuaere momenrantnym nosmoxnocrt
cmpoumi Bamy cneymmym anrnnckym roucmpvrum!!!
Coomam Bam, uro npn mpaouuouuo+ noxoe
oxcnenne nocrpoennx +ro roucmpvruu npecrannxer ns cex
nsnecrnym ( ontmym) cnoxnocrt nx npenoanarenx,
a e vceoeuue ne mentmym cnoxnocrt nx yuamerocx.
HAHOMHHAHHE:
Hocue :acmu n o.e+eumoe
anrnnckne e.aeo.i noome HE us+eume,
a npocro epnre nx npnuo ns cuonapn !!!
H uurarux 'to !!!
"
" "
}
313 312

HPOHEHEE epe+ nokastnaem :acmue Did ?

( oua nx ncex):
?
" HEus+euuui rnaron
DID they work? ? Onn paoraBn?
u o wr

+ 1 nonax :acmua
(Bt e yxe snaere (n) kak o.e+eum !)
nx BVVHEIO epe+euu: WILL ... ? Wn. ... ?:
?
"

HEus+euuui rnaron
WILL he work? ? BVE1 on paorart?
wnu xu wr

"
HEus+euuu. rnaron
WILL my brother live here?
wn. +a opao .ue xno
BVE1 mo par xnrt sect?

YCHAHM !!!
+eo
DO/DOES/DID/WILL you EVER wash your hands?
??? rt xomo roea-uuyo wash ceou pykn?
woui mtrt

KPAHHE BAHO !!!

Onako, ecnn n nonpoce ecrt em
n eonpocume.iuoe cuoeo nnn eipareuue (crp. 315),
ro C nero u naunnan1e nonpoc,
a nyxnym :acmuv crantre
CPA3Y E HOCAE eonpocume.iuoeo c.oea!
To ecrt mt uuueeo ue useuae, a npocro n camom nauane
eu crannm n eonpocume.iuoe c.oeo nnn eipareuue.

KPYTO !!!
Ecnn Bt +1n ae caume :acmui
(Do ?, Does ?, Did ?)
nepenecre e uauauo npenoxennx,
ro onn cranyr
BOHPOCH1EBLHMMH :acmua+u
(nnn kak t eonpocume.iui+u suara+u,
nocrannenntmn u e ua:a.o nonpoca/npenoxennx).
H sect moxe mt +rnmn :acmua+u ue mouoro
ooosua:ae+ cam ]akr eonpoca,
no nmenno uacmuue
mt nokastnaem n BPEMR eonpoca !!!:
NB: Em +rn :acmui moxno npupaeumi k uertpm
anrnncknm 3! nnn Pasee?, nocne koroptx cneyer cau nonpoc!
H nx xaaoro epe+euu cno 3! nnn cno Pasee? !!!

HAC1ORHEE epe+ nokastnaem 2-mx :acmua+u

(Do ? n 'Does ?)
$
nx OnC/onaC/onoC/ mo korC:

Anrnnckn rnaron

A pycckn useuu!
?
"
ueus+euu
"
DO you work? ? Tt paoraeuo ?
yy mv wr
?
"
Anrnnckn HEus+euuui rnaron
DOES she work? ? Ona paoraE1 ?
a3 uiu wr


$
nx
OnC/onaC/onoC/Mo korC

$
Pycckn rnaron
useuu !

$
A pycckn useuu !
315 314
A y uux:
1 2 3
WHEN WILL you return my money?
w+u wn. mv pumu +a +auu

H:
1 2 3
KAK CHBLHO ? rt menx nmnmt?
1 2 3
HOW MUCH DO you love me?
xav +am: ovv mv .ae +uu

CHHCOK 23 BOHPOCH1EBLHMX CAOB

n BBPAEHHH XX 93-112:
NB.
H e umo cnyuae!
nc eonpocume.iuoe mt npocro cepeoae+
e camoe uauauo nonpoca !!!!!

CMOTPHTE:
1 2 3
1) snam e I know her a uov x
A renept uapauueae:
4 1 2 3
2) DO I know her? ? snam e?
H em uapauueae+:

3) WHY DO I know her?
Houey ? x snam e?

To ecrt nc +nemenrapno:
1) eina.u.u eonpocume.iuoe c.oeo (nnn eipareuue);
2) uacmuue norasa.u BPEMR;
3) a antme ueus+euuui+ IHAIOHOM
nepeoaeame CMMCB eonpoca n nc !!!:
1 2 3 ! 1 3
WHERE DO you go now? KVA rt ceuac nHL?
w+o ovv mv eov uav
1 2 3 ! 1 3
WHAT DOES he know? H1O on snaE1?
wom oas xu uov
1 2 3 ! 1 3
HOW DID you do that? KAK rt +ro cenaB?
xav ou mv ovv m
1 23
KOIA rt BEPHHL mon entrn?
Kro?
Koro?
ue?
Ie? Kya?
Orkya?
uro? uero...? Kako?
3auem? nx uero? 3a uro?
Kaknm opasom? Kak?
Koropt (ns)? Kako (ns)?
Kakoro rnna ... ?
Kakoro nnera...?
Kora?
Houemy? 3auem?
Kak?
a kak (xe) ... !?
Kak onro ... ?
Ckontko (c:umae+oeo)?
Ckontko (HEc:umae+oeo)?
Kak uacro?
... xort kora-nnyt ... ?
... kora yrono ...
Who?
Whom? Who?
Whose?
Where?
Where from?
What?
What for?
In what way?
Which (of)?
What kind of ... ?
What color ... ?
When?
Why?
How?
How come ... ?
How long?
How many?
How much?
How often?
... ever ... ?
xvv?
xvv+? xvv?
xvvs?
w+o?
w+o qpo+?
wom?
wom qoo?
uu wom w+?
wnm: (on)?
wom rauo oe ... ?
wom ra.o?
w+u?
wa?
xav?
xav ra+ ... ?
xav .oue ... ?
xav ++uu?
xav +am:?
xav oqu?
... +eo ... ?
Btpaxenne Kak, Kaknm opasom nmeer eme napnanr
In what manner? uu wom +uo?
}
5 4 1 2 3
317 316
HOAHLH ATAC !!!
Ecnn K +1nu xe caumu :acmua+
(Do, Does, Did n Will)
npuoaeumi pycckoe
He(m) anrnnckomy 'NoT ! NT,
ro onn npenpamamrcx!
n :acmui
O1PHHA1EBLHME ( pycckomy ... ue ... ) !!!

To ecrt renept mt nmeem 4 anrnncknx ... ue ...,

nocue koroptx
cau rnaron 1oae noome HE us+euemc,
a eprcx npnuo ns nmoro cuonapn !
H sect 1oae omu+u (4-mx) pasnmun anrnncknmn ue
mt yem norasieami pasnoe BPEMR ompuauu !!!,
nnn xe
no omu+ ue mt yem nnert BPEMR
ompuauu !!!!!

Ecrt
2 ue nx HAC1ORHEIO epe+euu
ooum oasum
( dont n doesnt):
" HEus+euuui rnaron
HE unraP I DONT read. "
a oum puuo "
H: "
OnC/onaC/onoC HE snaE1 He/she/it DOESNT know.
xu/uiu/um a3um uov

3AHOMHHTE
em 3 ononnnrentntx eonpocume.iuix eipareuu
ua yrpaueuua Bame aue.ope:u:
1) a kak rt cmeemt ...? How dare you ...?
xav o+o mv ...
a kak rt cmeemt ockopnxrt e?
How dare you insult her?
xav o+o mv uuca.m x
Coomeemcmeeuuo:
a kak on cmeE1 ...? How dareS he ...? ... o+os ...
2) Tt t (ne) xoren/-a ... ? Would you like to ... ?
Tt ne npornn ...? wvo mv .ar mv ...
Tt t ne xorena norn co mnom?
Would you like to come with me?
wvo mv .ar mv ra+ wn +uu
3) Tt ne npout ... ? Do you care to ... ?
ana, ..! ovv mv reo mv ...
ana, norannyem! Do you care to dance?
Tt ne npout norannenart? ovv mv reo mv oaauc
Coomeemcmeeuuo:
A on/-a ne npout ...? DoeS s/he care to ...?
Hocne +mux $ eipareuu 1oae npocro crantre
IHAIOH H3 CHOBAP,
HE nsmenxx ero!

319 318
CTKOE YCAOBHE HPABHHIHOCTH !!!
B anrnnckom npenoxennn n umou epe+euu
moxer trt 1outxo ono ompuauue!!!:
HE unram knnr I read NO books.
a puuo uov ovrc
H.u: I DONT read books a ooum puuo ovrc
H.u: I DONT read ANY book/s a ooum puuo +uu ovr/c
$ $
He uurarux
Ho n anrnnckom ecrt cnona,
koropte cpasy xe coornercrnymr
namnm eoum ompuauu+ (XX 113-117):
HHKOIA, HHKOIA HE ... NEVER u+eo
HHKTO, HHKTO HE ... NOBODY uovooou
nnn: NO ONE uovwau
HHuTO, HHuTO HE ... NOTHING uauue
HHIE, HHIE HE ...
NOWHERE uovwoo
HHKYA, HHKYA HE ...
1 2 12
HHKOIA HE pemct I NEVER shave.
a u+eo uiee
1 2 12
HHKOIA HE ymeu nnanart I could NEVER swim.
a rvo u+eo cwn+
1 2 12
HHKOIA HE nonmnm rex I will NEVER love you.
a wn. u+eo .ae mv
1 2 12
HE nnxy HHKOIO I see NOBODY a cuu uovooou
1 2 12
On HE nmeer HHHEIO He has NOTHING xu xs uauue
V nero HHHEIO HE1.

1 ue
nx HPOHEHEIO epe+euu ( didnt ououm):
HEus+euuui rnaron "
Amon CVB1EKT HE nneB/-a/-o/-n ... DIDNT see.
uum cuu

H 1 ue
nx BVVHEIO epe+euu
(willnot ! WONT wovum):
HEus+euuui rnaron "
Amon CVB1EKT HE Vnnnr ... WONT see.
... ue yem euoemi woVum cuu

Em pas npocmorpnre nce :acmui $ n yenrect n rom, uro

no HAC1HHAM mt moxem nnert BPEMR ecrnnx,
nnn xe n rom, uro
HAC1HHAMH mt nokastnaem BPEMR ecrnnx !!!

CHHIHOE HPHKA3AHHE
u 3AHPET
moxe opasymrcx +rnmn uacmuuau:

Pycckn

Anrnnckn
" useuuum rnaron " ueus+euuui rnaron
A nakaxn xe ero!!! DO punish him!!!
yy nauuui xu+
" HEus+euuui rnaron
HE nakastna ero! DONT punish him!
oum nauuui xu+

}
321 320
HE ronopn emy HHHEIO ! DONT tell him ANYTHING !
ooum mo. xu+ +uuuue

OHEHL BAHO
u HHTEPECHO
Bcnomnnm, uro anrnnckne onpeoe.ume.u n onpeoe.euu
HE nsmenxmrcx
uu no pooa+, uu no naoera+, uu no :uc.a+ !!!
A renept cnona npomy Bac oparnrt ocooe nnnmanne
na onn ns oasameuoumx onpeoe.ume.e
na yxe snakomoe Bam cnoneuko
ANY +uu BKBOH, KAKOH VIOHO,
nontsyxct koroptm
Bt moxere nonnocrtm satrt o apmur.e !!!:
mory ocrart BKBVK knnry I can get ANY book.
a ru eom +uu ovr

NB !
Onako n ompuuameuoumx npenoxennxx
ANY yxe snaunr HHKAKOH,
n ono ouent ycuuueaem Bame anrnnckoe ntckastnanne:
HE unram HHKAKHX knnr I DONT read ANY books.
a ooum puuo +uu ovrc
HHKOIA HE nomy HHKAKOIO entx.
I NEJER wear ANY underwear.
a u+eo w+o +uu auoowoo

H n eonpocumeuoumx npenoxennxx
ANY roxe upesntuano k mecry!
1 2 12
HE (no-)mn HHKVA I went NOWHERE.
a w+um uovwoo
1 2 12
HE ronopn emy HHHEIO! Tell him NOTHING!
mo. xu+ uauue

3HAHTE, uro:
1) NO NOT (u.u NT) ANY;
2) BCE ompuauu nocue nepnoro
oosnauamrcx n anrnnckom npenoxennn
cnonom 'ANY +uu
nnn anycoepxamnmn cnonamn (XX 118-122 crp. 323):
KTO VIOHO ANYBODY +uuooou
nnn: ANYONE +uuwau
uTO VIOHO ANYTHING +uuuue
IE VIOHO
ANYWHERE +uuwoo
KYA VIOHO
KOIA VIOHO ANYTIME +uuma+

CPABHHTE u 3A3YBPHTE!
Ho+romy, ecnn Bt ncnontsyere ony ns ompuame.iuix :acmu,
ro antme +ro onxno ntrnxert yxe no1 1ax "
(n coornecnre +rn 4 npnmepa c npetymnmn):
HE nnxy HHKOIO I DONT see ANYBODY.
a ooum cuu +uuooou
On HE nmeer HHHEIO He DOESNT have ANYTHING.
V nero HHHEIO HE1 xu oasum xe +uuuue
HE (no-)mn HHKVA I DIDNT go ANYWHERE.
a ououm eov +uuwoo
}
323 322
OBOIAmEHHE.
3anomnnre em neckontko nonesnemnx cnon c ANY:
ANYHOW +uuxav kak yrono
ANYWAY +uuwo kak t ro nn tno, n umou cnyuae
ANYTIME +uuma+ kora yrono, n umoe npemx:
nay rex e umo cuyuae! Ill find you anyway !
a. qauo mv +uuwo
('I`ll ... a. & 'I will ...).

3YBPHTE HE CTECHBBCB !!!!!

YCTAHOBOuHIE HPHMEPL/OBPA3HL
HA 3BEMEH1M ( ueus+euuuie rnaront).
!!!!! Hocue o.e+eumoe nepe rnaronom
ue cmaeumca :acmua to !!!
(Horomy uro o.e+eumi ue aeuammca nepei+u rnaronamn !):
HEus+euuui rnaron " H es 'to
MOIV/VMEK nnanart I CAN swim a ru cwn+
HEus+euuui rnaron " H es 'to
C/MOI cenart +ro I COULD do it a rvo ovv um
HEus+euuui rnaron " H es 'to
MHE* MOHO pnconart I* MAY draw a +o opoo
Bes 'to " HEus+euuui rnaron
On, BO3MOHO, npnr He MIGHT come xu +am ra+
HEus+euuui rnaron " H es 'to
Mt OBHM sannarnrt We MUST pay wn +acm no
Ho n eonpocax
ANY yxe snaunr (XO1L) KAKOH-HHBVL:
Tt unraemt (XO1L) KAKHE-HHBVL anrnnckne knnrn?
?Do you read ANY English books?
ovv mv puuo +uu nue.uui ovrc

A nor renept cuo1pn1e:

ecnn Bt n Bame anrnnckoe npenoxenne eoomuuume
ompuame.iuvm nnn eonpocume.iuvm :acmuv,
no1ou emvq.:ume ANY,
a n xonen Bamero anrnnckoro npenoxennx em n
ecauoa.ume eipareuiue at all eoooue-mo,
moo. coece+,
ro Bam anrnnckn (c roukn spennx nocroponnnx !!!)
moxno cunrart, uro cocroxncx !!!
(Tontko opamare ononnnrentnoe nnnmanne
na pasuuuy n nopxke cnon!):
HE cunram HHKAKHX coak COBCEM!
I DONT count ANY dogs AT ALL!
a ooum ravum +uu ooes moo.
Tt nmeemt ...?
Y rex ecrt XO1L KAKHE-HHBVL entrn BOOBHE?
?DO you have ANY money AT ALL?
ovv mv xe +uu +auu moo.
Ona BOOBHE XO1L KAKHE-1O anrnnckne knnrn unraer?
? DOES she read ANY English books AT ALL?
oas uiu puuo +uu nue.uui ovrc moo.

325 324
HEus+euuui rnaron " H es 'to
On BM npnexan sanrpa He WOULD come tomorrow.
xu wvo ra+ mo+opov
" HEus+euuui rnaron, H es 'to
Ona C1ABA BM nrp"art, ecnn t (ona) nmeua xort kakne-ro entrn.
She WOULD play if she had any money.
uiu wvo n.o uq uiu xo +uu +auu
Ona BM ., ec.u oi v ue muu .
HAM* moxno nnanart n +rom accene nent ent.
WE* may swin in this pool all day long.
wn +o cwn+ uu uc nvv. oo. oo .oue
" HEus+euuui rnaron, n es 'to
EMV* BM CBEOBABO nane"mart cnonx ponrene kaxym neenm.
HE* SHOULD visit his parents every week.
xu umo ensum xus n+opoumc +epu wnur
HEus+euuui rnaron " H es 'to
EH* HE HVHO/ HE HAO pacc"rpannartcx!
SHE* NEEDNT be upset!
uiu uuuoum ouu anc+m
Houemy HM* HE HVHO yesxart sanrpa?
Why NEEDNT THEY* leave tomorrow?
wa uuuoum o .uue mo+opov
* Oparnre nnnmanne na anrunncxne npenoxennx n uertpx
nocnennx npnmepax n nnx eecmo ooermuix mecronmenn
ncnontsymrcx mecronmennx cyzermume
n rak ncera!
Cmorpnre 1-e Basoeoe npaeu.o paevuruua (crp. 329) !

Ona BM OBHA nrpart na ynnne

HEus+euuui rnaron " H es 'to
She OUGHT TO play in the street.
uiu oom mv n.o uu ocmpnum
HEus+euuui rnaron " H es 'to
Onn BVV1 erart They WILL run o wn. pau
Onn HOeryr
Oparnre nnnmanne:
rnaron be ouu mmo +ro rako xe rnaron,
kak n nce ocrantnte rnaront,
n ero yyuee epe+ opasyercx
rouno rak xe kak n y ncex pyrnx rnaronon:
1 cnono ! 2 cnona
BVV ram I WILL BE there a wn. onu +o
To ecrt: I will be yy (mmo)
I will read yy uumamo
I will write yy nucamo
I will have yy uemo/V menx yem ,
n r..
HEus+euuui rnaron "
/mt BVV/BVEM ecrt I/we SHALL eat a/wn u. uum
/mt HOe+/HOeou+

NB !
Shall we ? moxer em oosnauart
n ouent nexnnnoe npue.aueuue r oecmeum:
u. wn eov mvo+o ono
SHALL we go to bed, dear? ana, npuuaxe, oporax!
A ue npuueuo nn nam, oporo?

327 326
Onako, ecnn n nonpoce
ecrt em n eonpocumeuouoe cuoeo nnn eipareuue,
ro C ueeo n uauuuame nonpoc,
a o.e+eum crantre
CPA3Y E HOCBE eonpocume.iuoeo c.oea:
1 2 3
KOIA rt c/MOEHL nepnyrt mon entrn?
Ho:
1 3 2
WHEN CAN you return my money?
w+u ru mv pumu +a +auu

Hpn ompuuauuu
roxe paoomamm CAMH o.e+eumi,
n anrnnckoe HE(r) 'NOT
nno cueye1 cpasy xe 3A o.e+eumo+,
nno npncoennne1cn K nemy
n cnoe corpauuuo qop+e NT nor n nce!!!:
Mt HE OBHM nnarnrt We MUST NOT pay.
wn +acm uom no
On BM HE npnexan sanrpa He WOULDNT come tomorrow.
xu wvoum ra+ mo+opov
Ona HE C1ABA BM nrpart, ecnn t (ona) nmena xort kakne-ro entrn.
She WOULDNT play if she had any money.
uiu wvoum n.o uq uiu xo +uu +auu
EMV* BM HE CBEOBABO nanemart e rak uacro!
HE* SHOULDNT visit her so often!
xu umoum ensum x cov oqu

* Cmorpnre 1-e Basoeoe npaeu.o paevuruua (crp. 329) !

BOHPOCL n O1PHHAHHR
c 3BEMEH1AMH.
J.e+eumi n eonpocume.iuie n ompuame.iuie :acmui
xnnxmrcx unenamn ono rpynnt
no+romy nx nmecre ncnontsonart HEBL3R
( B3AHMOHEHPHMEHEHHE) !!!
Kpome +roro, net nocne :acmu onxnt nrn e.aeo.i,
a o.e+eumi +ro HE rnaront ...
Ho+romy u nonpoct, u ompuauu oe.ammc
CAMHMH 3BEMEH1AMH
BE3 no+ouu
eonpocume.iuix n ompuame.iuix :acmu !!!
B nonpoce Bt (rouno kak no-pycckn !!!) npocro crantre
o.e+eum n uauauo npenoxennx,
ro ecrt uauuuame nonpoc c o.e+euma !!!
Bt moxere nsxrt umon ns Vcmauoeo:uix npu+epoe (crp. 323)
n npeepamumi umon npnmep n nonpoc:
1 2 3 ! 2 1 3 2 1 3
I* MAY draw ! MAY* I* draw? MOHO* mne* pnconart?
He MIGHT come ! MIGHT he come?
BO3MOHO .u, uro on npnr?
1 2 3 ! 2 1 3
We MUST pay ! MUST we pay? OBHM mt
sannarnrt?
n r. .
ro ecrt Bt npocro nepeoe! cnono enaere! emopm,
a emopoe! nepem
329 328
3 FA3OBIX HPABHBA PAIVHKHHA:
1) B npannntnom n nouuo anrnnckom npenoxennn
BCEIA npncyrcrnyer CVB1EK1
(ro ecrt 'mom, rmo enaer).
Cvoerm moxer oosnauartcx n mecronmennem,
no TOHBKO koneuno xe! CVB1EK1HBM
( I, you, he, she, it, we, they).
HO3TOMY cornacno Hpaeuuy paeyuruua X1 ($)
c o.e+euma+u may, should n neednt nyxno/moxno
ncnontsonart
1outxo anrnnckne CVB1EK1HME mecronmennx
(xorx, ronopx no-pycckn, +i n +rnx cnyuaxx
nontsyemcx mecronmennxmn ooermui+u!):
MHE MOHO nnrt nnno ! I MAY drink beer.
a +o opuur ono
" Eeouvm (yrounxmr, uom?)
EMV CBEVE1 nomtrt cnom mamnny.
HE SHOULD wash his car.
xu umo woui xus raa
HAM HE HVHO yesxart ! WE NEEDNT leave.
wn uuuoum .uue
To ecrt sect 1oae cymecrnyer
oxsarentnoe nocmoauuoe coomeemcmeue
mexy namnmn ooermui+u, n uxuu+u cyzermui+u
mecronmennxmn!
To ecrt "
Pycckne . nepexoxr n! Anrunncxne :
Mue xouercx ! I want.
Teoe xouercx ! You want.
E+v xouercx ! He wants.
E xouercx ! She wants.
NB 1. Ecnn 'NO

T cronr ueuuro ( ue corpauuuo)

n, coornercrnenno, omeuouo,
ro VAPEHHE naaer HA HEIO !!!;

NB 2. BOHPOCM c yuacrnem o.e+eumoe

moxno saanart n ompuuameuoumu qop+a+u o.e+eumoe:
COULDNT you do this for me?
rvoum mv ovv uc qoo +uu
HE MOI BM rt cenart +ro nx menx?

COKPAmHHLE ompuame.iuie qop+i o.e+eumoe:

CANT rum, raaum ue mory ..., ue ymem ...;
$ Txnvvvrt nyxno onsa1eutno!!!
COULDNT
MAYNT
MIGHTNT
MUSTNT
OUGHTNT to
SHANT
WONT*
WOULDNT
SHOULDNT
rvoum
+oum
+amum
+acmum
oomum mv
unaum
wovum*
wvoum
umoum
ue mor (t) ..., ue ymen ...;
ue cmor (t)..., ue cymen (t)...;
uentsx ...;
ue morno ..., ue moxer ...;
ue onxen ...;
ue onxen tn t ...;
ue yy, ue ye;
ue y... (oo ecex);
... t ue ..., ue cran t ...,
t ue cran ...;
ue cneonano t ...,
ue cneyer ...,
ue nyxno (tno) t ...,
ue onxen (tn) t ...
* 3ect ecrt ona manentkax onacuocmi nx pycckoro yxa
cnono 'wont woVum ue y. nx mnornx pyccknx
snyunr nnn ntrnxnr
ouent noxoxe na cnono 'want woum xomemo
npocro ytre nnnmarentnee, +ro pasume cnona .:
I won't want him to . ue saxouy, utot on .

331 330

HAHOMHHAHHE.
Byyuee epe+ ncex rnaronon opasyercx npn nomomn o.e+eumoe
'will n 'shall:
I SHALL stav here in any case!
a u. cmo xno uu +uu roc
OC1AHVCL sect n nmom cnyuae!
She WILL be there.
uiu wn. ouu +o
Ona BVE1 ram.

XHTPOYMHOCTL AHIHOB3BUHBX.
OBXO sakonon B3AHMOHEHPHMEHEHHR
n/nn B3AHMOBM1ECHEHHR o.e+eumoe.
Hs ckasannoro na crp. 304 cneyer, uro no-anrnnckn xkot
neutsn ckasart, nanpnmep, Coey, rak kak norasame.u/ oopaso-
eame.u yyueeo epe+euu o.e+eumi will n 'shall rak xe
kak n cnona, nanpnmep,
can +o:i, may +oruo n 'must oo.reu
xnnxmrcx unenamn ono rpynnt +ueeumau,
n no+romy pyr c pyrom HE coueramrcx !
Aue.osi:uie camn sarnann cex n rynnk
no camn xe n namnn ns nero
npocro n rennantnt ntxo!
Onn npocro npenpa1nun 4 nyxntx nm +ueeuma
n! 5 ruarouon,
ro ecrt comeopu.u nx o.e+eumoe cnnonnmt nnn
empaxeuua-yupm
(koropte nyxno sanomnnrt ueuuro)!
E+v/e (o xyke) ! It wants.
Ha+ xouercx ! We want.
Ba+ xouercx ! You want.
H+ xouercx ! They want;
2) B npannntnom anrnnckom npenoxennn
BCEIA npncyrcrnyer IAAIOA
n umon qop+e
(cm. rakxe crp. 337).
HO3TOMY cornacno Hpaeuuy paeyuruua X2 ($)
no-anrnnckn uyxuo ronopnrt nouuocmom:
Mt HAXOHMCR n necy (a HE Mt n necy)!
We ARE
12 1 2
Mt BVEM ram We WILL BE there n 1outxo rak !!!
J.e+eum$ $ Inaron
Horomy uro e.aeo.
onsa1eutno oo.reu npucvmcmeoeami
n anrnnckom npenoxennn,
a net 'will HE rnaron, a o.e+eum !!!;

3) Ha uaeeueuuoe ue uaeeuuea !!!.

To ecrt, ecnn Bt yae npnannnn k cnony ono orou:auue,
ro ontme k +romy cnony
npnannxrt yxe HHHEIO HEAL3R !!!
(Ho k +1ouy npaeu.v ecrt 3 oono.ueuu cm. crp. 352 n 354).
3ro Hpannno N3 o:eui cnntno nomoxer Bam
npn paore co cmeneu+u cpaeueuu (crp. 394).

333 332
BL3YBPHTE !!!
Cnona 0OPMM rnarona BE ouu
mmo, aeuamoca; uaxoumoca (XX 123-127),
oxsarentnte nx ynorpenennx n anrnncknx npenoxennxx ( crp. 337):
TAFHHHA HPEBPAHEHHH.
3BEMEH1M ! IAAIOAL: 3HAHEHHR:
1) CAN !
2) MAY !
2 a) MAY NO

T
3) MUST !
~ !
4) NEEDNT !
NB!
Oparnre ocooe nnnmanne na ne nepnte sa+eui
n nnx aue.osi:uie ]akrnueckn
nmecro +o:i ronopxr oimi n cocroxnnn
( be able to ),
a nmecro +oruo ronopxr oimi paspemnntm .
( be allowed to ).
$

Hseuaeaa

cocmae.mua !!!

BE able to ... MOuI, YMETI

uu +o. mv ...
BE allowed to ... MOXHO ...
uu o.avo mv ...
BE NO

T allowed to ... HEHI3 ...

uu uom o.avo mv
HAVE to ... xe mv ... OHXEH ...
BE to ... uu mv ... OHXEH ...
Dont/doesnt/didnt/wont NEED to

$
3rnmn uacmuuau mt nokastnaem BPEMR
AM +
ARE aa
IS us
WAS*

wos
WERE*

w
WILL BE

wn. onu
(x) ecrt, xnnxmct, naxoxyct ynorpenxercx
mouoro c I;
ecrt, xnnxemtcx, naxonmtcx; ynorpenxercx
ecrt, xnnxemcx, naxonmcx; mouoro c
ecrt, xnnxerect, naxonrect; you, we, they
ecrt, xnnxmrcx, naxoxrcx; nnn
c cymecrnnrentntmn
no uoxecmeeu. :uc.e;
ecrt, xnnxercx, naxonrcx ynorpenxercx
mouoro c he, she, it
nnn c cymecrnnrentntmn
n euucmeeuuo :uc.e;
tn, xnnxncx, naxonncx ynorpenxercx
mouoro c I, he, she, it,
nnn c cymecrnnrentntmn
n euucmeeuuo :uc.e;
tnn, xnnxnnct, naxonnnct ynorpenxercx
mouoro c you, we, they
nnn c cymecrnnrentntmn
no uoxecmeeuuo :uc.e;
yy/yemt/yer/yem/yere/yyr xnnxrtcx/
naxonrtcx;
yy/yemt/yer/yem/yere/yyr
re+-mo, :e+-mo nnn eoe-mo.
* Cnona was n were xnnxmrcx rak nastnaemtmn
2-un qop+a+u qop+a+u npoueueeo npemenn
anrnnckoro rnarona be oimi.
Ynorpenxercx co nceun mecronmennxmn n cvoerma+u.

$

0opau be n have no ecex +rnx cnyuaxx
yem norasieami epea !
335 334
A o npeepaueuux N3 (crp. 332) moxno ckasart n rak:
ecnn nocne rnaronon have n be mt nocrannm :acmuv to mv,
ro OBA +rnx rnarona naunnamr snaunrt OBEH !!!:
On OBEH nrn He HAS TO go xu xs mv eov
OBEH nrn I AM TO go a + mv eov
What AM I TO do? uro x OBEH enart?
wom + a mv ovv
opeunno cnpamnnaer Kurt Russel
n amepnkanckom ]nntme Pemenne ynnuroxnrt:
BE ouu m1t, nnun1tcn, naxon1tcn,
HAVE xe nue1t,
a BE to / HAVE to ... ouaen ....
Btyunre 0OPMM rnaronn 'be n 'have,
crpynnnponannte mnom no epe+eua+,
rak kak u+euuo uu Bt n yere norasieami BPEMR:

nx HPOHEHEIO npemenn
( 2-e qop+i !!!):
WAS/ WERE; HAD;
wos w xo

nx HAC1ORHEIO npemenn:
AM / IS / ARE; HAVE/ HAS;
+ us aa xe xs

nx BVVHEIO npemenn:
WILL BE; WILL HAVE.
wn. onu wn. xe

Tenept (ro ecrt nocne npeepaueuu) +rn tnmne o.e+eumi

(nepnee, nx cuuouu+i) oeym us+eumic n ncnontsonartcx
rak, rar Bam/nam +ro nyxno n ee Bam/nam +ro nyxno, noromy uro
n nnx noxnnnact/ecrt useuaeaa uacrt
rnaront BE n 'HAVE!
HPHMEPL/OBPA3HL:
1 2
Mne oxuo BMBO nnanart 2 1
I WAS + allowed TO swim.
a wos o.avo mv cwn+
$
ouxeu BMB yexart I HAD TO leave .uue
$ Kak nnnre,
2-mn qopau rnaronon 'be n 'have
mt nokastnaem BPEMR ecrnnx $ !!!
(2-e qop+i npoueuee npemx!).
3rn uoeie rnaront camn (no ue nx qop+i)
moryr k romy xe cnokono couerartcx
c AKBLM o.e+eumo+:
12 1 2
Coey erart I WILL BE able TO run.
a wn. ouu +o. mv pau
2 1 1 2
On ouxeu BVE1 yexart He WILL HAVE to leave.
xu wn. xe mv .uue
Emy BM PA3PEHHBH nonnanart, ecnn t ...
He WOULD BE ALLOWED TO swim if ...
xu wvo ouu o.avo mv cwn+ uq ...

J.e+eum
$ $
HEus+euuui rnaron
$

337 336
AEHTRHCKOE HPABHAO X2
( Basonoe Hpaeuuo paeyuruua X2) rnacnr, uro
B KAOM npannntnom n nonnom anrnnckom npenoxennn
(n ornnune or pvccroeo npenoxennx)
uauuuue HRFOIO IBAIOBA
n umon qop+e xnnxercx oasameuoueuu !!!
(H rnarona BE nnn nepnee, ero qop TOXE !
On uro, xyxe pyrnx rnaronon, uro nn?).
To ecrt aue.oeoeopuu HE ckasan t, nanpnmep:
n necy!.
On oasameuouo ckasan t ueuuro:
HAXOVCL n necy I AM in the forest.
a + uu o qopucm
Bvrea.iuo: EC1L n necy
n TOALKO rak !!!

YCTAHOBOHHLE HPHMEPL/OBPA3HL
(n nomnnm, uro nx roro, urot voerami or apmur.,
moxno/nyxno nepe cymecrnnrentntmn nnn nepe ux onpeoe-
.euu+u ynorpenxrt ouu us 18 ocrantntx
onpeoe.ume.e):
3ro nonnte n npannntnte npenoxennx,
rak kak n nnx ecrt
u rnaron, u onpeoe.ume.i !!!
" "
% ror ent cnon I AM that white elephant.
a M m wam +.uqoum
Ona % nama mart She IS our mother.
uiu H3 avo +ao
Bor +rnmn-ro qopau $ (C npnannenno :acmue
to mv) Bt n yere nokastnart,
KOIA mt OHHB ...,
BMBH OHHB ...
nnn BVEM OHHB ...,
a rakxe
KOIA mt C-+ore+
nnn KOIA nam BVE1 moxno !!!
3ro n ecrt euucmeeuuaa n ouent earua qvuru
+rnx qop+ !!!

HOCKA3KA.
Tam, re n sa+euume.e ecrt be samenxre eeo qop+i
(am, is, are, was, were, will be),
ram xe, re n sa+euume.e ecrt have (must have to),
oeeame no epeeua qop+a+u have
(have, has, had, will have) !!!

Anrnnckn rnaron to be rak xe, kak n ero pycckn coopam

rnaron m rt ( noxorecmi uaooopom !) oosnauaer
ecmonouoxeuue :e.oeera nnn npeo+ema n +rom mnpe
(ne naxno coua.iuoe, ro ecrt K1O +ror ...?,
nnn eeoepaqu:ecroe ro ecrt IE +ror ...?),
a rakxe nepear ero CV1L
cy1t .ua, npeo+ema, noumu nnn e.euu.
B pycckom npenoxennn naunune rnarona
(n rom uncne n rnarona oimi)
ne ncera oxsarentno
(nanpnmep: R rpacuea nnn R e uecy re ryr rnaront?).
Tora kak (ncnomnnre!)
339 338
BOHPOCM c yuacrnem qop+ be
moxno saanart n ompuuameuoumu qop+a+u be:
ISNT she lovely? (Pasne) Ona HE ( ecmo) xopomentkax?.
usum uiu .ae.u (Hs necnn Crnnn Yan+pa).

NB!
Onako, ecnn n nonpoce
ecrt em n eonpocumeuouoe cuoeo nnn eipareuue,
ro nmenno C nero n naunnan1e nonpoc,
a qop+v be (umym) crantre
CPA3Y E HOCAE BOHPOCHTEHBHOIO CHOBA:
1 2 1 2
WHO ARE you? KTO (EC1L) rt?
xvv aa mv
WHERE IS this tree? IE HAXOH1CR +ro epeno?
w+o us uc mpuu
WHEN WAS she there? KOIA BMBA ona ram?
w+u wos uiu +o

Hpn O1PHHAHHH
roxe paoomamm CAMH qop+i be,
n anrnnckoe HE(r) 'NOT
nno cueye1 cpasy xe 3A qop+o be (e.uro+),
nno npncoennne1cn K ne
n cnoe corpauuuo qop+e NT nor n nc !!!
Bor cnncok COKPAmHHLX qop+ rnaronon 'be n 'have,
n rom uncne n n ompuame.iuo qop+e
Not nocne 'am ncera crannrcx omoe.iuo n e.uro+:
Im not a+ uom ue xnnxmct ..., ue naxoxyct ...):
Bt HE upnte komkn You ARE NO black cats.
mv AA HOV o.r rmc
/on/ona/ono BMB/-a/-o ram I/he/she/it WAS there +o
Mt/nt/onn/komkn BMBH ram We/you/they/cats WERE there.
/rt/on/ona/ono/mt/nt/onn/cnont BVV1 ram
... WILL BE there.

J.e+eum
$ $
Inaron

BOHPOCM n O1PHHAHHR
oe.ammc CAMHMH qop+a+u rnarona 'be
BE3 yuac1nn
eonpocume.iuix n ompuame.iuix :acmu.
Kpome +roro, net nocne :acmu onxnt nrn
camn ueus+euuuie e.aeo.i, a HE nx qop+i ...

B BOHPOCE Bt npocro crantre qop+v be

n nauauo npenoxennx,
ro ecrt C ne n naunnan1e eonpoc !!!
Bt moxere nsxrt umon ns Vcmauoeo:uix npu+epoe ($)
n npeepamumi umon npnmep n! eonpoc:
1 2 ! 2 1
I AM that white elephant ! AM I that white elephant?
You ARE NO black cats ! ARE you NO black cats?
I/he/she/it WAS there ! WAS ... there?
We/you/they/cats WERE there! ! WERE ... there?
1 2 3 2 1 3
... WILL BE there! ! WILL ... BE there?
$
Amon cvoerm/mecronmenne
341 340
Ho+romy, ecnn nepe cvuecmeume.iui+ nnn nepe EIO
onpeoe.euu+u Bt nocrannnn 'NO,
ro uuraru pyrnm ompuauu+ mecra yxe uem !!!
Ecnn xe Bt pemnnn ncnontsonart
onee ynnnepcantnoe 'NOT/NT
(n nmo ero qop+e &,
n rom uncne n, nanpnmep, n cnoneukax isnt, dont n r. n.),
ro pekomenym n sect ecauoa.umi sameuarentnoe 'ANY,
u nx roro, urot onxrt xe voerami or apmur.,
u nx roro, urot ouent yrpacumo n uumeucuquuupoeamo
Bame aue.ontckastnanne:
HE (aeuamco) momennnk(-o+)!
IM NO crook! I AM NOT ANY crook! rpvr
$
HHKA$KOH x HE momennnk!
NOT moxno ncnontsonart nepe pasntmn uacrxmn peun:
Im NOT there! HE ram!
a+ uom +o
She is NOT ugly! Ona HE crpamnax!
uiu us uom ae.u

YCTAHOBOHHLH TEKCT N3
(ncero uepes 55 mnnyr nocne nauana urennx!):
Youre not
mvp uom
Hes not
xus uom
Shes not
uius uom
Its not
umc uom
Were not
wnp uom
Theyre not
op uom
... was not
wos uom
... were not
w uom
... have not
xe uom
... has not
xs uom
... had not
xo uom
... will not have
wn. uom xe
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
You arent
mv aaum
He isnt
xu usum
She isnt
uiu usum
It isnt
um usum
We arent
wn aaum
They arent
o aaum
... wasnt
wosum
... werent
wum
... havent
xeum
... hasnt
xsum
... hadnt
xoum
... wont have
wovum xe
Tt/nt ue ...
On ue ...
Ona ue ...
Ono ue ...
Mt ue ...
Onn ue ...
... ue tn ...
... ue tnn ...
V ... uem ...
V ... uem ...
V ... ue muo ...
V ... ue yem ...
Homnnm rontko, uro
eyx ompuauu n anrnnckom npenoxennn
trt HE MOE1 !!!
I CANNOT work at home
a ruom wr mxov+
because
ouroos
I HAVE NO computer.
a xe uov ro+nmvmo
HE MOIV paorart oma,
noromy uro
V MEHR HE1 komntmrepa.
343 342
n koropom BPEMR,
KOIA uro-ro u+eemc/oi.o/.era.o/cmo.o/euce.o
nokastnaercx ecrecrnenno !!! qopo rnarona be !!!
(Hpnum n anrnnckom npenoxennn nepeoe cnono 'there
ue ncknmuaer em ono there n konne npenoxennx) !

3A3YBPHTE !!!
B uauaue B rouue
Ta+ % %% %% mnoro nme There is a lot of people there.
+o ns o.om oe nuun. +o
B uauaue B rouue
Ta+ HHroeo HE1 There is NOBODY there.
+o ns uovooou +o
3 1 2 ! 1 2 3
Ha crone uexum komka There is a cat on the table.
+o ns orr ouom+o.
Ha crone HE1 komkn There is NO cat on the table.
There isnt ANY cat on the table.
Ta+ cmoau ontmo komntmrep.
1here was a big computer there.
+o wos oone ro+nmvmo +o
Bo nope muo ( u+e.oci) mnoro coak
There were many dogs in the yard.
+o w ++uu ooes uuonao
3anrpa n monx kapmanax yem mnoro ener
There will be a lot of money in my pockets tomorrow.
+o wn. onu o.om oe +auu uu +a norumc mo+opov

Bor nouemy x OBEH

paorart n name nnnoreke,
re MHE PA3PEHEHO
( MOHO)
nontsonartcx nx komntmrepom.
Mne CBEOBABO BM
sapaorart nemnoro ener,
u1Ot kynnrt nmo komntmrep,
no o cnx nop
x ne C/MOI
narn HHKAKOH
npnnnuno paort.
That is why I HAVE TO
m us wa a xe mv
work in our library,
wr uu avo .aopopu
where IM ALLOWED TO
w+o a+ o.avo mv
use their computer.
mvs +o ro+nmvmo
I SHOULD
a umo
make some money
+or ca+ +auu
TO buy any computer,
mv oa +uu ro+nmvmo
but until now
oam aumn. uav
I COULDNT
a rvoum
find ANY
qauo +uu
decent job.
ouucum orio

PACmHPEHHE I.
Aue.osi:uie ue ronopxr ecmi, .erum,
cmonm nnn . eucum n cmtcne . u+eemc !
Bmecro +roro ouu ncnontsymr nocmoauum ooopom
1 2 3 4
There is/are/was/were/will be uro-ro ram-ro,
+o Bpea !
345 344
4. HPH3EMAEHHE.
(uernprt +ran 15 mnnyr).
Bt yxe snaere 3 (e)S no pas n anrnnckom ecrt (ncero
nnmt!) 10 qvuruoua.iuix orou:auu (crp. 401-402), ro coor-
nercrnenno nocne mpx onxno trt n
HETBPTOE OKOHHAHHE.
3ro orou:auue camo no cee ouent Bam nonesno, rak kak n
ono c mnnnmantnemnmn mpvoosampama+u camo snaunrentno
ynennunnaer Bam cnonapnt sanac ...
Hpnantre K rouuy rnarona
+ro 4-e orou:auue (e)D
(nponsnocnrcx n kak -uo, n kak -o, n kak -m
no uerounocrt nponsnomennx ue nnnxer na nonnmanne),
n Bt nonyunre 2 pesyntrara:
1) Tak nastnaemym 2-m qop+v rnarona,
ro ecrt qop+v npoueueeo epeeuu +roro xe rnarona
snaunr, raknm opasom Bt nocrannre +ror rnaron!
n! npoueuee epe+:
punish ! punisheD nakasart ! nakas(tn)aB.
nauuui nauuui1
B anrnnckom ecrt neckontko nosmoxnocre ckasart o um-
nnyt n npoueue epe+euu, no+romy nmenno +ry 2-m qop+v
( (e)D nnn cnono ns 2-ro cronnka Tao.ui uenpaeu.iuix
e.aeo.oe, o koropo npourre nnxe) x pekomenym ynorpenxrt
rora, kora Bt moxere ykasart,
roea e npou.o+ +ro ecrnne
npousouuo/cocmoauoco
ocoenno nocne yrasymuux c.oe rnna:
nuepa yesterday ecmooo
nosanuepa the day before yesterday oo+ ouqoo ecmooo
PACmHPEHHE II.
Ceuac Bt nocr.aoieaeme anrnnckne cnona,
pesko ynennunn npn +rom cno c.oeapui sanac:
BODY ! +epuooou BCE
ONE ! +epuwau BCE
Kaxt EVERY THING ! +epuuue BC
+epu TIME ! +epu ma+ KAMH PA3
WHERE ! +epuwoo BE3E,
noecmy
PLACE ! +epun.oc BE3E
(a+epurauus+)
H:
BODY ! ca+ooou K1O-1O
ONE ! ca+wau K1O-1O
Hekn SOME THING ! ca+uue H1O-1O
TIMES ! ca+ma+s HHOIA
WHERE ! ca+woo IE-1O,
KVA-1O
PLACE ! ca+n.oc IE-1O,
KVA-1O
1) Cocmaeuie anrnnckne cnona c 'Some-
nmemr no-pycckn em n coomeemcmeu co cnonom
-uuyo: rmo-uuyo, :mo-uuyo, eoe-uuyo/
rvoa-uuyo !!!;
2) Cnona c '-one ropaso onee oema.usupoeaui,
n nmemr orrenok raxm us ;
3) Cnona c '-place n.oc xnnxmrcx a+epurauus+a+u.

HPHMEP:
'EJERYBODY loves my body now....
+epuooou .aes +a ooou uav
BCE renept nmxr mo reno ...
(crpouka ns amepnkancko necnn).
{
{
347 346

t ntnnn nokn, ECBH BM ona y menx BMBA.

I would drink vodka IF I HAD it.
a wvo opuur eoora H4 a X um
$ 2-n qop+a!
Bvrea.iuo: ..., ECBH BM x HMEB e (HE xenmnny it!).

NB !
Em IF snaunr npocro ECBH
n kora BM saxornre ynorpenrt if n +1ou ero snaue-
nnn, ro nocne nero moxere cnokono crannrt otunoe nx mecro-
nmenn I n He
cnono WAS ( nc panno 2-n qop+a!):
ECBH x BMB ram, ... IF I WAS there ... uq a wos +o
) Hocne if nx opasonannx ovovueeo epe+euu
HEBL3R ncnontsonart o.e+eumi will n shall,
no+romy nocne if axe nx nepeaun ovovueeo npemenn
npocro crantre rnaron
n nyanon qop+e npemenn uacmoaueeo:
ECBH mt 3AHBA1HM, IF we PAY
uq wn no
ECBH on(C) HPHEE1, IF he comeS ;
uq xu ra+3

BAHOOO !
2) Buo, npnannn 1o ae cauoe orou:auue (e)D,
Bt nonyuaere, coornercrnenno,
1o ae cauoe anrnnckoe cnono
no +ro yxe
3-n qop+a rnarona HACCHBHOE onpeeueuue,
neanno recently pnucum.u
n 2005 roy in the year 2005 uu o no 2005
(n) nocuennn pas last .aacm
(n) npomumn pas last time .aacm ma+
n npomuym nxrnnny last Friday .aacm qpaou
n npomuoe Poxecrno last Christmas .aacm rpnc+oc
na npomuon neene last week .aacm wnur
n npomuou mecxne last month .aacm +au
npomuon necno last spring .aacm cnpuue
n npomuou roy last year .aacm no
npomuon ocentm last autumn (aue..) .aacm oomo+
last fall (a+epur.) .cm qoo.
5 mnnyr nasa 5 minutes ago qae +nuumc oeov
Hocne ncex +rnx $ cnon n ntpaxenn
(ecnn onn ue conponoxamrcx kaknmn-nno ononnnrentntmn
vmo:ueuu+u rnna eeci oeui all day long oo. oo .oue,
koropte veoom nac n npoecc ynnnre!)
Bt ouanm ncnontsonart
nuenno 2-m qop+v rnarona ( (e)D nnn ns Tao.ui).

2 HYXHEHBHE BPE3KH:
a) Kpome +roro,
2-m qop+v rnarona ( (e)D nnn ns Tao.ui)
Bt onxnt ne ymax nn o um! ncnontsonart nocne cnoneuka
IF uq n ero snauennn Ecun BM ...
(ono Bam, kcrarn, yxe n npnmepax ncrpeuanoct!).
CMOTPHTE !
TOuHO KAK HO-PYCCKH:
ECBH BM x pnconaB IF I paintED uq a n+umH
ECBH BM x BMB ram IF I WERE there uq a W +o
$ Hocne if

"
! ! n ero snauennn ec.u m
! ns ncex qop+ rnarona be
ncnontsyercx 1outxo qop+a were.
349 348
By oa coomeemcmeue pycckomy meopumeuouoy naoerv:
by me oa +uu mnom,
by him oa xu+ u (Kem?),
by my father oa +a qaao mou orno n r. .

PA3BEHBAHHE MHuOB. AKCHOMA.

urot nonyunrt
qop+v npoueueeo epe+euu ( 2-m qop+v)
nnn naccnnnoe onpeeueuue ( 3-m qop+v)
or anrnnckoro rnarona,
K uey (ro ecrt K rouuy +roro rnarona)
nyxno npnannrt orou:auue (e)D.
3ro ro xe camoe $ ovqepuoe -e-,
koropoe Bt ncrannxere n nepe 'S,
urot nmert nosmoxnocrt eouoco
norasamo npnannennoe orou:auue:
(na-)pnconaB I paintEd a n+umHo
NB!
Hpnannenne D +ro HPABHAO !!!
Ho 178 anrnncknx rnaronon +romy npaeuuy HE noo:uummc
ro ecrt y nnx ecrt ceou pyeue qop+i
H npoueueeo epe+euu ( 2-n qop+a),
H naccnnnoro onpeeueuua ( 3-n qop+a)
(nanpnmep: 1-n q.: 2-e q.: 3-n q.:
be was/were been).
3naunr, +mu 178 rnaronon HE-HPABHBBHB !!!
n +ro yxe yer ue ror, KTO uro-ro coe.a.,
a mom, KOIO coe.a.u
ro ecrt mom,
C KEM uro-ro coe.a.u nnn oe.amm:
repair ! repairED unnnrt ! nounnEH/-nt,
pun+o pun+o nounnxEMt.
3ro okonuanne 'D ouent nnsko pycckomy -1- n nonxrntx
ncem cnonax rnna norvca1/i, no.o+a1/i,
noapana1/i, noe.oea1/i, n r..
Hpnum, ecnn pyccrue cnona moryr nmert qop+v
n rpamrym: nakasaH,
n nouuym: nakasaH/nt,
ro anrunncxne naccueuie onpeeueuua nmemr rontko
ouy yxe onee HEus+eue+vm qop+v, nanpnmep:
punishED nakasAH, nakasAH/nt ( nakasa1/t),
nauuui1 nakasAH/nax, nakasAH/nomy, nakasAH/no n r. .
H +rn uoeie cnona/onpeoe.euu ( Inaron(e)D)
Bt n 90 cnyuaen moxere opasontnart CAMH,
pesko ynennunnax rem camtm cnon c.oeapui sanac !!!

HPHMEPL:
Herx HOKPACHB +ry creny.
Pete PAINTED this wall nuum n+umuo uc woo.
(painted ax1nnnoe oecmeue).
Ho:
Crena, HOKPAHEHHAR Here.
A wall PAINTED by Pete o woo. n+umuo oa nuum
(3ect ro xe $ camoe painted yxe eui naccnn).
351 350
TEHEPI CMOTPHTE:
1) 3ayunnanne 1-mx qop+ ummx rnaronon
xnnxercx HOPMOH, a ue nponemo
rak sauem nx noome cunrart?
(Bt xe nc panno nnkya ne enerect
es cnon rnna uaxooumi nnn mepmi npana?);
2) Bt c renxute paocrtm yunre cnona rnna
oe.i, cuuu nnn :pui
rak nouemy xe Bam camnm c rako xe roronnocrtm k camooraue
ne ntyunrt (ouopasoeo) 128 cnon rnna:
naneu/ui, nanncau/ui, xynueu/ui, npoau/ui n r.n.
( 128 mryk 3-nx qop+ uenpaeu.iuix rnaronon
128 nopuautnmx anrnncknx
(n. r.u. n naccueuix) onpeeueuu,
koropte uu ueu ue xyae
cnon rnna oe.i nnn rpacui,
n koropte nc panno ouent nyanm Bam no xnsnn) ?
Hepenecnre ontmym uacrt +opa.iuo npoo.e+i
uenpaeu.iuix rnaronon n! npocroe sayunnanne
oono.uume.iuix (?) (ome.aeo.iuix) anrnncknx cnon/
onpeeueuu 3-nx qop+ rnaronon,
ontmax uacrt koroptx nc panno, nonropxm,
nyana Bam no ansnn !!!;
3) Tenept yurnre, uro 51 ns ncex +rnx 3-nx qop+
cuon/onpeoe.euu
+ro k romy xe em n qop+i npoueueeo epe+euu
51-ro uenpaeu.iuoeo rnarona !!!
A Bt nx yae moxere snart (?!) cm. $ n.2 n ne naxno,
n kako unocmacu !!!;
2-e n 3-n qop+i +rnx/raknx rnaronon nmemrcx
n cnennantntx Tao.uax uenpaeu.iuix e.aeo.oe (crp. 403).
B 1-u cronnke rako Tao.ui amrcx rnaront
n cnoe 1-n cuoeapuo ]opme (ro ecrt, kak n cnonape),
no 2-u cronnke 2-e qop+i ( npoueuee epe+),
n 3-u cronnke (oraannct?!) 3-n qop+i
( naccnnnme onpeoe.euu)
n ncex nx npxmo orrya
eomoeeuiru+u n mn.euiru+u moxno n part!

YHBARKmAR HHuOPMAHH,
YHBHTEALHAR APHuMETHKA.
Hnuero crpamnoro!!!
Haunnaem cunrart ro, uro ecrt HA CAMOM EHE !!!
178 uenpaeu.iuix rnaronon;
22 rnarona, y koroptx BCE 3 qop+i
ouuaroem (crp. 403);
28 rnaronon, koropte Bam npakrnueckn
ue nyxnt (vcmapeeuue).

Ocramrcx:
51 rnaron, y koroporo 2-n u 3-n qop+i ouuaroem
(1-x 2-x 3-e
find found & found
narn namB naEH/nt);
77 rnaronon, y koroptx nce 3 qop+i pasume
(1-x 2-x 3-x
write wrOte written
nncart na/nncaB nanncAH/nt).

128 cnon.
353 352
a) Hyxno Bam
anrnnckoe coomeemcmeue pycckomy eenpuuacmum
npnannxre 'ing K KOHHV nyxnoro Bam rnarona
n nc !!!:
smoke ! smoking kypnrt ! kypa;
c+ovr c+ovruue
) Hyxno Bam cyuecmeumeuouoe co cmtcnom kakoro-ro
rnarona
npnannxre K KOHHV +roro rnarona ing n nc !!!
smoke ! smoking kypnrt ! kypeuue
walk ! walking nrn ! xota
woor wooruue
ride ! riding esnrt ! esa;
pao paouue
n) Kpome +roro, npnannenne 'ING ar Bam
em ono onpeeueuue,
no renept yxe onpeoe.euue AK1HBHOE
(ro ecrt TOT, K1O oe.aem)
Inaroning n nc !!!:
smoke ! smoking kypnrt ! kypaun
walk ! walking nrn ! nyun, xoaun.

Hnn naoopor:
ono n ro xe cnono c orou:auue+ ING (nanpnmep, smokING)
moxer coomeemcmeoeami pyccknm/ oimi nepeeeoeuo na pycckn:
1) u kak oeenpu:acmue (kypR);
2) u kak armueuoe onpeoe.euue (kypRHn);
3) u kak cvuecmeume.iuoe (kypEHne)
nanpnmep, NO SMOKING
HET KYPEHHR.

4) Tak uro na camom-ro ene nocne ntyunnannx

3-nx qop+ uenpaeu.iuix rnaronon
(naccnnntx) onpeeueuu ($)
kak omunmx onpeoe.euu
(koropte Bam nc panno n koneunom nrore snart nao),
BCR nceeoonpoo.e+a uenpaeu.iuix rnaronon
cnonrcx k romy, uro
Bam nmenno onounn1eutno nyxno ntyunrt
makcnmym o 77 cnon 2-mx qop+ npoueueeo epe+euu
or 77 uenpaeu.iuix rnaronon n Bt n amkax (nnn n oa+ax?)!
H ne mopoutre ontme cee (n nnkomy!) ronony !!!

BHHMAHHE !!!
HEPBOE oono.ueuue
k Basonouy Hpaeuuy paeyuruua X3:
1) K +1on $ qop+e ( c '(e)D) moxno em npnannxrt
6-e orou:auue LY .u, opasontnax npn +rom
nonme cnona (uapeuua), nanpnmep:
hurry ! hurriED ! hurriedLY
xapu xapuo xapuooBH
roponnrtcx roponnnnt roponnnnO, nroponxx.

Hy nor n HRTOE OKOHUAHHE

(koropoe roxe cpasy xe ooo:eui ynennunr Bam cnonapnt sanac).
Ceuac, npnannn K KOHHV nmoro rnarona ING uue,
Bt sa eum epou kynnre nner n cema cemix
anrnncko rpammarnkn.
To ecrt: Bt yt1e cpasy 3-x sanen !!!:
355 354
CELMOE OKOHUAHHE.
Hpome nekya !!!
H ns cvuecmeume.iuix Bt caun moxere enart
onpeeueuua, npocro npnannxx K rouua +rnx cymecrnnrentntx
orou:auue Y u:
cloud ! cloudY
r.avo r.avou
onako ! onauum.

B HOMOI AEHTRRM.
Cnona n anrnnckom xstke noome OuEHI HEIKO
coeouummc pyr c pyrom,
anax npn +rom onontno nnrepecnte pesyntrart,
npnum HEPBOE cnono n +rom couerannn
ncera OHPEEBRE1 nnn OHHCBBAET emopoe,
nanpnmep:
game eo+ nrpa a GAME hall HIPOBOH san,

hall xoo. xonn, san, a HALL game nrpa HB 3AHA;

(3auiua nrpa)
border ooooo rpannna, a BORDER state
(HO-)IPAHHUHOE rocyapcrno,
state cmom rocyapcrno, a STATE border
IOCVAPCTBEHHAB rpannna;
spring cnpuue ncrounnk, knmu, a SPRING water
KHPUEBAB noa,
water woomo noa, a WATER spring
BOBHOH knmu.
NB-euuue !!!
Homnnre, uro
-D +ro ncera PE3VBL1A1 !!!!!,
a
-ING +ro ncera HPOHECC !!!!!

BHHMAHHE !!!
E BA OHOBHEHHR k Hpannuy X 3:
! ! ! ! ! ! !
Hmenno +ra ($) rak nastnaemax INGoea qop+a n oam
em BA (ocranmnxcx) rex camtx onouueuua
k Hpaeuuy paeyuruua X3
( Ha uaeeueuuoe ue uaeeuuea''').
To ecrt +ry INGoevm qop+v oxuo nocrannrt em n:

2) no! uoxecmeeuuoe uncno, npnannn k ne 'S,

nanpnmep:
Inaron: ! INGoeoe cymecrnnr.: ! Ero uox. uncno:
bless blessing blessingS
o.ec o.ecuue o.ecuue3
narocnonnxrt narocnoneuuE narocnoneuuR.

Huu xe:

3) cenart INGoevm qop+v em n uapeuue,

npnannn k ne
(6-e orou:auue ) LY !!!,
nanpnmep:
Inaron: ! INGoea qop+a: ! Hapeuue:
seem seeming seemingLY
cuu+ cnu+uue cnu+uueBH
kasartcx kaxVHncx; raraci kak yrO,
no-nnnmomy,
n r. .

357 356
Ho nockontky kak Bt camn yenrect
epe+u na camom ene nc xe rontko 3,
ro n moe nonxrno n npospauno repmnnonornn
nx oosnauennx munoe oecmeu
x ncnontsym anrnnckoe cnono Action ruiu oecmeue.
To ecrt x cunram, uro anrnnckn xstk
ntenxer HE 4 Groups of Tenses
(1. Simple nnn Indefinite, 2. Continuous nnn Progressive,
3. Perfect n 4. Perfect Continuous),
a 4 Types of Actions 4 1una ecmeu,
kaxoe ns koroptx uoae1 nponsorn
n umou ns 3 epe+u
n nc cpasy xe cranonnrcx na cnon mecra !!!
Bpe+u ocrarcx 3, a 1unoe ecrnn 4!
1un Mo Hamuucroe
ecrnnx: nasnanne: nasnanne:
1) Hpocmie One-time Actions Simple nnn Indefinite,
2) ecmeu Prolonged Actions Continuous
HPOHECCA nnn Progressive,
3) ecmeu BY-Actions Perfect,
K
4) Hpoecc Prolonged BY-Actions Perfect Continuous.
O
$
H xaaoe ecrnne uoae1 cocroxrtcx
n xaaou ns 3 npemn
(n n Past, n n 'Present, n no 'Future) !!!
Bc, pexra, npnexann !!!
To ecrt Bt caun moxere nerko oopasoeieami uoeie
co:emauu nocrannnn ono cymecrnnrentnoe nepe pyrnm
n nc n nopxke, nanpnmep:
army division ! army division aa+u ouenriu
apmnx nnnsnx ! apecraa nnnsnx.
B pyccxou napnanre nopaor cuoe moxer menxrtcx,
no nc panno cmorpnre, kak yono!:
house number ! house number xavc ua+oo
om nomep ! nomep oma !
Street name cmpuum uo+ nasnanne ynnnm,
n r..
na cnona moryr coennxrtcx n ono, opasyx nonoe
(cocmaeuoe) cnono, nanpnmep:
mail (+o.) box (oorc) ! MAILBOX ++.oorc
noura xmnk ! HOUTOBBH HK.
Cocmaeuie cnona, opasonannte c yuacrnem INGoeix qop+,
moryr nncartcx :epes :pmo:rv, a moryr n npocro pasoe.iuo:
dining-hall oauuue xoo. crononax
smoking area c+ovruue +puo mecro nx kypennx.

5. TPHYMm.
(Hxrt +ran 35 mnnyr).
Tpaouuouua rpammarnka ne ntenxer 4-x munoe ecrnn
ona nc ooeouuem n kpane cnoxnym cncremy
n nc
(ro ecrt ne rontko caun epe+eua Past, Present n Future,
no n roucmpvruu)
ona nastnaer Bpe+eua+u Tenses.
Ho+romy nmecro 4-x xnntx munoe ecrnn n 3-x epe+euax
y mpaouuoua.ucmoe ax 12 epe+u
+ro na kako xe nnanere onn xnnyr ???
359 358
To ecrt:
HPOHEHEE npemx: ' WAS, WERE;
(2-e qop+i) ' HAD
HAC1ORHEE npemx: ' AM, IS, ARE;
' HAVE, HAS
BVVHEE npemx: ' WILL BE;
' WILL HAVE

uPE3BIuAHHO BAHO !!!

3nare, uro
BKBME anrnnckne roucmpvruu
npoueueeo npemenn
Bt yere crponrt c nomomtm
2-mx qop+ rnaronon be nnn have !!!
(To ecrt npn nomomn cnon 'was, were nnn 'had).

BI 3TO YE YMEETE !!!

To ecrt, axe HE nonnmax CMMCBA roucmpvru, Bt nc panno
yxe oxeme nx cmpoumo,
npocro eapiupv (no npemenam) qopm be nnn 'have,
n npocro nocrannxx
naccnnnme nnn ax1nnnme onpeoe.euu !!!:
Hacm. npemx Hpoueu. Byyuee
AM/ IS/ ARE/ WAS/ WERE/ WILL BE COUNTED
u.u
HAVE/ HAS/ HAD/ WILL HAVE COUNTING.
(A noome-ro, unrare mom oanennym pommpy
Aueuucrue epeeua u roucmpyruuu !!!).
Bcx anrnnckax epa++amura +ro re nnn nnte
co:emauu
qop rnaronon 'have nnn 'be c ono cropont
c onnu ns nyx onpeeueuu,
opasonanntm or cmcuoeoeo rnarona:
1) c naccnnnmu ( c 3-n qop+o)
u.u 2) c ax1nnnmu ( c INGoeo qop+o)
c pyro cropont.
To ecrt:
HAVE
BE WRITTEN ( & +rnmn cocmae.muu+u
WRITING & nepearcx cmcu
n naccueuocmo nnn armueuocmo).
Bosmoxnt kak nnnre! $ 2 ( 2 4 napnanra c.oreuu,
no ns nnx 1outxo 3 napnanra amr roucmpvruu n +ro nc!
nx yocrna pasmecrnm +rn eapuaumi/roucmpyruuu n rako
nor nocneonarentnocrn:
1) BE WRITTEN;
2) BE WRITING;
3) HAVE WRITTEN.

$
Hseuamuaaca cocmae.mua
em mt nokastnaem epea.
B3IARHHTE $, net BCE 3 napnanra/roucmpvruu xnnxmrcx
no cyrn ena, nonropxm,
co:emauu+u qop rnaronon 'be nnn 'have
c rem nnn nntm onpeeueuue !

H sect roxe (kak n n saeuumeuax o.e+eumoe !)

0OPMAMH rnaronon 'be n/nn 'have
mt (kak ncera!) npocro yem nokastnart
BPEMR ecrnnx
n BKBOH roucmpvruu n nc !!!
}
{
+
{ }
361 360
*) MOMEHTAALHOE PACBHPEHHE.
B +ry naccnnnym roucmpvrum (n umo npemenn) moxer
sarecartcx (nnn Bm camn moxere cnokono nn o um ne ymax!
ncrannxrt) em n cnoneuko 'being ouuue, koropoe cpasy xe
npnar +ro roucmpvruu snauenne npouecca ( ing!!!),
n koropoe camo moxer nepenonrtcx na pycckn xstk cnonamn:
ueuuo moea, (rar pas) e mo epea,
rar pas e +mom/mom oeum n r. n.:
Bpe+ " " Hpoecc
That picture WAS BEING painted at that particular time.
m nnrm:o wos ouuue n+umuo mm nomnrm.o ma+
Ty kaprnny PHCOBABH kak pas n ro npemx.
Ta kaprnna PHCOBABACL ...
K1O/H1O oi.o uanucau/-o nnn nuca.oci n rak cpasy xe
xcno, rak kak (no parynknny!)
CVB1EK1 n anrnnckom npenoxennn
ouxeu oimi eceea !!!
Bor Bam n v+euue roucmpvrum +ry cmpoumi!!!
BAXHEHBHH YHHBEPCAALHLH COBET !!!
Bcnomnnre, uro
ING +ro ncera HPOHECC.
KOHCTPVKHHB N2.
a) HOHHMAHHE.
B +rom nropom " napnanre/co:emauuu
Bt nmecro naccnnnoro onpeoe.euu
ncnontsyere onpeoe.euue ax1nnnoe:

"
0opa BE WRITING ouu pamuue
PA3BMBAHHE TEMI KOHC1PVKHHH.
Okay!
Haunm c n. a c nouu+aoe.iuocmu nouu+auu
n c n. c ymennx cmpoumo roucmpvrum.
KOHCTPVKHHB N1.
a) HOHHMAHHE.
Kro ne nomr napnanr/co:emauue:
" Haccnnnoe onpeoe.euue
0opa BE WRITTEN ouu pumu
BLTL HAHHCAHHIM
HACCHB
(n ue uepes nonroa oov:euu !!!)?
Hmo ryr nenonxrnoro-ro?
) HOCTPOEHHE.
CXEMA:
CVB1EKT

3naunr, KOIA rmo-mo nnn :mo-mo

mu/o (nnn yem) uanucau/ntm
ne ymax nn o um, nokastnare 0OPMOH be!!!
"
Knnra BMBA nanncaua The book WAS written.
Knnry HAHHCABH.
$
"
"
$
Knnra BVE1 nanncaua The book WILL BE written,
Knnry HAHHHV1. o ovr wn. onu pumu

J.e+eum
$ $
Inaron
n r. .;
WAS/ WERE (npoueou.)
AM/ IS/ ARE (uacm.)
WILL BE (ovovu.)
3-x 0OPMA
rnarona
( naccnnnoe
onpeoe.euue)
{
Onpeoe.euue
363 362
" Bpea !!!
We ARE smoking
wn AA c+ovruue
We WERE smoking
wn W c+ovruue
We WILL BE smoking
wn WHH BHH c+ovruue
Mt KVPHM
( uacmoauee).
Mt KVPHBH
( npoueuee).
Mt BVEM KVPHTB
( yyuee);
) HOCTPOEHHE.
C1POH1L +ry roucmpvrum X 2
nyxno rouno rak xe, kak n HACCHB roucmpvrum X1,
rontko sauennn1e naccnnnoe onpeoe.euue ! na ax1nnnoe
! 'InaronING.
CXEMA:
CVB1EKT
Hpnum (kak nnnre) 0OPMAMH be Bt
n sect (nn o um ne ymax!) yere npocro nokastnart
BPEMR nponcxoauero, ro ecrt,
KOIA cvoerm (, Bi, +i, ou, rom, romi n r.n.)
ECTB, BBH nnn BVET ...KH/VH/AH/VH-u+
ro ecrt BOT 1AKHM-mo n maru-mo ...
Bpeun oecmeu
"
WAS/ WERE (npou.)
AM/ IS/ ARE (uacm.)
WILL BE (ovovu.)
InaronING
( Ax1nnnoe
onpeoe.euue).
{
BLTL HHBVHHM
n umou cnyuae +ro AK1HB
snaunr, n nmom cnyuae, rmo-mo :mo-mo euaem,
a rounee uaxooumc e npouecce oe.auua uero-ro!!!
$ ing ! $
a!
B pycckom xstke nuenno rako roucmpvruu ner,
no n nmom cnyuae ona nx pycckoro yxa nouu+aoe.iua ...:
Kora on nomn, x When he came in I Kora on nomn, x
BLAA MOKPOH, WAS wet, mua +orpo,
CHACTAHBOH = happy c:acm.ueo
n HHAUVHEH! and cryING! n HAAKAAA!
(3 onpeoe.euu $) (Toae 3 $ Hnakingonana
onpeoe.euu !!!)
Camtm naxntm sect xnnxercx ocosnanne Bamn roro ]akra, uro
ram, re +i (no-pycckn!) onnctnaem EHCTBHE
n nontsyemcx nx +roro IHAIOHOM,
aueuosi:uie ropaso uame
onnctnamr COC1ORHHE,
n nontsymrcx nx +roro OHPEEBEHHEM !!!
(B rom uncne n ome.aeo.iui+ INGoei+!!!).
Ha pycckn +ra $ roucmpvru nepenon1cn npocro ruarouou
(uecoeepueuuoeo nna) n rom nnn nnom epe+euu
a n raro epe+euu 1oae cpasy xe nnno
no qope rnarona 'be:
Cmcu
"
$
365 364
2-n napnanr nepenoa +ro roucmpvruu:
He HAS STOLEN this car xu xs cmov.u uc raa
On V K P A B* +ry mamnny (n cm. * nnxe).
" Byyuee epe+ Byyuee epe+ "
He WILL HAVE STOLEN this car On VKPA1
+ry mamnny.
To ecrt, necmorpx na ro, kak t yreauoum nepeno +ro
roucmpvruu nn sev:a. no-pycckn, anrunncxan roucmpvru
nc panno AKTHBHA
Bt nocmorpure, K1O n ne oecmevem?
(A uro x ronopnn?)
C V B 1 E K 1 !!! To ecrt nc panno ror, K1O ...,
a HE ror, roeo ...!!!
Ha pycckn +ra roucmpvru otuno nepenonrcx (kak Bt
camn nnnre!) rnaronom coeepueuuoeo euoa
(rynHB, rynBK n r. n.
no HE norvna. n HE ovov norvnami!).
* 3auacrym (axe ecnn rnaron 'have crour n ono ns cnonx
qop+ npemenn uacmoaueeo have nnn 'has) +ra roucmpvru
uoae1 nepenonrtcx na pycckn
n epe+eue+ uacmoauu, n epe+eue+ npoueuu:
He HAS LIVED
in this house
for 10 years already
1) On HB1 n +rom ome yxe 10
ner;
2) On HPOHB n +rom ome yxe ...

Bvrea.iuo: V nero npoxu1o (n +rom ome) .;

}
Hmenno mar Bt n yere nepeeooumi
name oecmeue! n! nx cocmoauue
a nmenno +ro n nyxno ..!

H nakonen!
KOHCTPVKHHB N3
(nepeammax k romy xe em n 3-n mun ecrnn).
a) HOHHMAHHE.
Kmo ne nomr cneymmero ?
1-n napnanr nepenoa:
We HAVE already prepareD everything.
wn xe oo.p+ou npun+oo +epuuue
Y nac yxe HPHIOTOBHEHO nc.
"
Haccnnnoe onpeoe.euue 3-x q.
I HAVE WRITTEN a book a xe pumu ooyr
Y MEH HAHHCAHA knnra uanucaB knnry.
H.u.
Haccnnnoe onpeoe.euue
"
3-n qop+a or buy oa kynnrt
He HAS BOUGHT some paper = On rynuB ymary.
xu xs ooom ca+ n+no
Y HEIO KYHAEHO nemnoro ymarn.
$
Haccnnnoe onpeoe.euue
Ho nnnre, necmorpx na ro,
uro sect $ ncnontsyercx naccnnnoe onpeoe.euue,
roucmpvru nc panno AKTHBHA,
rak kak n anrnnckom npenoxennn ecrnyer rontko cyzerm !!!
367 366
I. Haccnnnoe onpeoe.euue ! Haccnnnan roucmpvru:
"
I HAVE/He HAS/HAD BEEN PAINTED MEHR/EIO HOkpacnn/n.
ouuu n+umuo
I WILL HAVE BEEN PAINTED MEHR n r. . HApncymr;

II. Ax1nnnoe onpeoe.euue ! Ax1nnnmn npoecc:

"
I HAVE/ He HAS BEEN PAINTING R pncym/ pnconau.
ouuu n+umuue
I HAD BEEN PAINTING R pnconau.
I WILL HAVE BEEN PAINTING R yy pnconart
(oo.eo r ).
(H no ncex 3 epe+euax Bt +ro yere enart vre oueo n r ..!).

YHOTPEBAEHHE roucmpvru.
C nouu+aoe.iuocmim, uyncrnym, nc onee-menee n axype!
Tenept anare nocmorpnm,
roea nyxno VHO1PEBBR1L ry nnn nnym
anrnnckym roucmpvrum?
B anrnnckom (kak n nourn no ncex xstkax) ecrt
3 epe+euu ( npoueuee, uacmoauee n yyuee).
Kpome +roro, anrnnckn eioe.em n mexuu:ecru oqop+.em
4 muna oecmeu:
1) pasoeie, 2) pacmuvmie n 3-4) coeepuuuie,
nnn:
1) npocmie;
2)3) oosnauaemte roucmpvru+u N2 n N3
(o He1np1ou mune ecrnn cm. na crp. 374),
npnum raxoe ns ecrnn moxer cocmomic
n nmom/ n raxo ns 3-x epe+u.

) HOCTPOEHHE.
CXEMA:
CVB1EKT
0OPMOH rnarona 'have
Bt n sect $ cnokono nokastnaere
(nnn: no qope rnarona 'have Bt xcno nnnre)
BPEMR, o koropom nr peut,
a rounee,
BPEMR, e romopo+ naxonrcx
mo:ra omc:ma +o+eum,
K romopoy nooeouemc
uanucauue +ro knnrn:
Buepa K 5.00
Y HEIO BLBA HAHHCAHA ra knnra.
He HAD WRITTEN that book.
pumu
3aempa K 5.00
V HEIO BVET HAHHCAHA ra knnra.
He WILL HAVE WRITTEN that book;
xu wn. xe pumu m ovr

n) PACmHPEHHE.
HPOCTO BOCHPHMHTE u 3A3YBPHTE.
He ynnnxrect, no Bt moxere ncrpernrtcx n c vo.uuuui-
+u napnanramn +ro roucmpvruu, a uyrt nosnee Bm naemct
yere cmpoumo nx n cau !!!
4- mun ecrnn (crp. 374).
Haccnnn. u.u Ax1nnn.
I HAVE/He HAS/HAD/WILL HAVE BEEN OHPEEBEHHE.
ouuu $ 3-n qop+a be
HAD (npou.)
HAVE/ HAS (uacm.)
WILL HAVE (ovo.)
3-n 0OPMA rnarona
( Haccnnnoe
onpeoenenne)
{
369 368
Bc +ro rakxe moxno nokasart n n nne nor rako nor
CXEML nocrpoennx 1px npocmix epe+u ":
otuno
ceuac
ncera
uacro
peko
peko
usually
mvre.u
now
uav
always
oo.wos
often
oqu
rarely
p+o.u
seldom
c+.oo+
noome
ceronx
kaxt ent,
exenenno
exenenno
nnora
pas n mecxn
generally
orieuopo.u
today
moo+
every day
+epu o+
daily
o+.u
sometimes
ca+ma+s
once a month
wauc o+au
n nacroxmee npemx nowadays uavooos
Hmte co:emauu/ooosua:euu epe+euu c yuacrnem cnona
every ... +epu xaa... (every Friday n r. n.):
We SAW this elephant every morning.
wn coo uc +.uqoum +epu +oouuue
Mt BHEBH +roro cnona raxoe yrpo.

HOHE3HOE HAHOMHHAHHE.
Ouent uacro +rn npocmie epe+euui e qop+i ynorpenxmr-
cx nocne cnon n ntpaxenn rnna ( rakxe nocmorpnre crp. 345):

WILL ...
"
CVB1EK1 " LIVE& u.u LIVES
$
$
+(e)D

& Byymee
(saempa).
& Hac1onmee
(ceeoou).
& Hpomemee
(e:epa).
1-n mun ecrnn.
PA3OBLE oecmeu ( ecrnnx Bau!
One-Time Actions).
Ecnn ecrnne nponcxonr eceea, omuuo, raxm oeui
nnn peeyuapuo
(n ne naxno, n kakom epe+euu ro ecrt n umou ns 3 !),
xnnxercx oouo-/+uoeo-pasoei+, unyuocui+ (Ban ! H nc!),
n ue cnxsanntm nn c kaknmn pyrnmn ecrnnxmn (ono oosnauaercx
kak t mouro na .uuuu epe+euu) +ro
npocmoe oecmeue ecrnne 'Bau!:

HPOHEHEE epe+ ( 2-e qop+i):

'Inaron(e)D
u.u ro1onan qop+a
ns 2-n kononkn Tao.ui uenpaeu.iuix e.aeo.oe:
Buepa x HOKPACHB/C1EB ro xno
Yesterday I PAINTED/ATE that egg;
ecmooo a n+umuo/om m oe

HAC1ORHEE epe+: C rnaronom HHHEIO HE enaem

nnn (e)S:
/on EM/EC1 ono xno kaxt ent
I/he EAT/S one egg every day.
a/xu uum/c wau oe +epu o+
ncera HOMHK nc! I always REMEMBER everything!
a oo.wos pu+++oo +epuuue

BVVHEE epe+: WILL/SHALL rnaron ns cnonapx:

C1EM ono xno sanrpa I WILL EAT one egg tomorrow.
a wn. uum wau oe mo+opov

371 370
HPOHEHEE npemx ( 2-n qop+a be ING):

"
! ! ! ! ! 2-n qop+a ! ! ! !
$ "
Buepa C 5 O 7 x HHCAB "
Yesterday from 5 till 7 I WAS WRITING.
ecmooo qpo+ qae mu. coeu a wos pamuue
mu nnmVHnm;

HAC1ORHEE epe+. ! ! ! ! ! !

"

"
"
B AHHMH MOMEH1 x
"
HHHV.
AT THIS PARTICULAR MOMENT I AM WRITING.
m uc nomnrm.o +ov+oum a + pamuue
aeuamco nnmVHnm;

BVVHEE epe+: ! ! ! ! ! !

"
"
3anrpa C 5 O 7 x BVV HHCA1L.
Tomorrow from 5 till 7 I WILL BE WRITING.
yy (oimi) nnmVHnm .
$ $ $
J.e+eum Inaron Onpeoe.euue

uakrnueckn, eno saknmuaercx n rom, uro aue.osi:uie

noome ouent uacro vxoom or rnarona, n nmecro nero nontsymrcx
onpeoe.euue+, na cauou eue onuciea cex,
eecmo roro, urot ronopnrt, :mo onn oe.amm:
"
& Onpeoe.euu !
"
Buec1o cnami: be asleep mmo cnxmnm,
Buec1o vcma(ea)mi: be tired mmo ycrantm,
Buec1o onosoami: be late mmo onosanmnm,
n ecxrkn r..
2-n mun ecrnn (rakxe cmorpn crp. 361).
'PAC1RHV1ME, BRHHECR ecrnnx
( ecrnnx Hpouecca Prolonged Actions).
Ecnn ecrnne xnnxercx pacmauymm, uauuca,
nnn nponcxonr/cnyuaercx
HMEHHO n onpeeuuum +o+eum ( poeuo e ...)
n/nn na nporxxennn onpeeuuuoeo nepuooa
( c ... o ..., ueum ..., eeco ),
ro no-pycckn n +rom cnyuae
Bi onnctnaere oecmeue n nontsyerect e.aeo.o+,
NB !!!
a ronopx no-anrnnckn, Bt n rakom cnyuae
npn nomomn INGoeoeo onpeeueuua
ouxum, oasaum !!!
onncart COC1ORHHE cvoerma
(ro ecrt ckasart,
raru on n +ror +o+eum nnn n +ror nepuoo aeuaemca),
n nocnontsonartcx, coornercrnenno,
couemauue
rnarona BE c OHPEEBEHHEM ( c INGoei+ !!!)
KOHCTPVKHHEH N2
( BM1L ...KHu+),
ro ecrt
couemauue 0OPM be c OHPEEBEHHEM !!!
C armueum !!!
nastnam +ror $ mun ecrnn ecmeu+u npouecca
( crp. 362), rak kak onn ncera npecrannxmr coom
kako-nno npouecc ( pacmauymoe ecrnne ing)!:

373 372
3-n mun ecrnn.
COBEPHHHME ecrnnx
( ecrnnx K BY-Actions).
3ro ecrnnx, koropte nauaunct pauee kakoro-ro +o+eu-
ma nnn kako-nno mo:ru omc:ma, n camn +rn ecrnnx nnn
coeepuammc K onpeennnomy +o+eumv, nnn oqqerm or
nnx npooo.raemc O onpeennnoro +o+euma no npemenn,
a cau +ror +o+eum nnn caua mo:ra omc:ma
moxer naxonrtcx n umou ns 3 epe+u!
(B uacmoaue, n npoueue n n yyue).
have/has had will have
nastnam +ror mun oecmeu ecmeu+u K, noromy
uro +1n ecrnnx (nnn nx pesyuomam) ncera noronnm1cn
K onpeennno mo:re omc:ma a caua +ra mo:ra omc:-
ma moxer, nonropxm, naxonrtcx n umou epe+euu.
Mecronaxoxenne mo:ru omc:ma no npeuenn
(ro ecrt epea, K romopoy noronxercx oecmeue)
Bt nn o um ne ymax! (yraare!)
nokaxere qopo rnarona 'have:

HPOHEHEE epe+
( 2-n qop+a had 3-n qop+a cumcuonoro rnarona):
' ' ' ' ' ' '
" $"
" CBAPHB ror cyn euepa K 5 uacam.
I HAD COOKED that soup yesterday BY 5 oclock;
a xo rvrm m cvvn ecmooo oa 5 or.or
Bvrea.iuo:
"
V menx BMB CBAPEH ...; & & &

A uem INGoeie onpeoe.euu xyxe, uem ocrantnte ?

Bor aue.osi:uie n nekoroptx konkperntx cnryannxx
n onucmeamm ceo npn nomomn INGoeix onpeeueuu
nmecro nepeoa:u oecmeu
nor n nc !!!

To ecrt n raknx $ cnyuaxx Bt HE ouanm ronopnrt,

:mo kro-ro euau ..!
Bt onxnt onnca1t ceo nnn +ror cvoerm n ckasart,
umo x/on BMB ...KHu+ !!!
3ect n kauecrne vrasvmuux c.oe ( Indicating words)
moryr ntcrynart eipareuu rnna:
right now pam uav npnuo cenuac
all (day, month u op.) long oo. (oo, +au) .oue
nect (ent, mecxn n p.)
at this (particular) moment m uc nomnrm.o +ov+oum
(nmenno) n +1o1 uouen1 ...
from ... till ... qpo+ ... mu. ...
c ... o ..., o1 ... o ...
n pyrne.
To ecrt, kora Bt n cnom pyccko-anrnnckom npenoxennn
ynorpenxere (nnn: +oreme ynorpenrt) ono ns +rnx $ eipa-
reuu, ro n roucmpvrum Bt ouanm ncnontsonart nuenno
+ry ( BE INGoeoe onpeoe.euue), rak kak nourn ncera npe-
noxennx, coepxamne +rn $ cnona, nepeamr
npoueccm
nnn
pacmauymme, uauueca ecrnnx !!!

375 374
He ymare nn o um!, n n roucmpvrum N 3 npocro
eeeoume 2 onsa1eutnmx cnona:
HOC1ORHHOE: a) n kauecrne emopoeo cnona
cnono BEEN 3-m qop+v rnarona be,
urot opasonart roucmpvrum O, K,
n 3AMEHREMOE: ) INGoevm qop+v
cmcuoeoeo rnarona
(koropo Bt renept n yere nepeanart n uumeuouocmo,
n cmcu roucmpvruu
ro ecrt camo ecmeue).
BPEMR xe roucmpvruu (ro ecrt, eoe naxonrcx mo:ra,
r koropo Bt nooeoueme ecrnne)
Bt kak n ncera nokastnaere qopo have:
Hacmoauee
" Ooouent onro!!!
I HAVE BEEN WAITING for this money all my life!
a xe ouuu w+muue qoo uc +auu oo. +a .aq
A B +rnx ener ncm cnom xnsnt!
V ... uauau xart
kora-ro,
oxnanne tno uumeuoum
('all my liIe),
n xy x O uacmoaueeo +o+euma ( have) !!!
Em PA3.
0opo have (have/ has had will have) Bt kak ncera
nokaxere, IE no npemenn naxonrcx ror +o+eum nnn ra mo:ra
omc:ma, no koropym nooeouemc +ro Bame pacmuvmoe,
o.ueec ecrnne ( nnrentnoe oruoauue) !
(B auuo cnyuae +ra $ mo:ra omc:ma naxonrcx
n ceuac n uacmoaue npemenn ! ... have ... !!!).
HAC1ORHEE epe+:
HBV n +rom ome yxe 10 ner
(uauau xnrt pauoue n xnny o cux nop
Hacmoauee npemx K ceeoouuue+v +o+eumv).

"
I HAVE LIVED in this house for 10 years already.
a xe .ueo uu uc xavc qoo mou nos oo.p+ou
Bvrea.iuo:
V menx HPOH1O ...;

BVVHEE epe+:
"
" CBAPK ror cyn K 5 uacam sanrpa.
I WILL HAVE COOKED that soup BY 5 oclock tomorrow.
a wn. xe rvrm m cvvn oa 5 or.or mo+opov
Bvrea.iuo:
V menx BVE1 CBAPEH ....

PACmHPEHHE.
Hemepmm mun ecrnn.
31o1 mun oecmeu ntpaxaercx no anrnnckn onontno-
rakn epo+osoro roucmpvrue, no roucmpvru +ra nacrontko
rpacuea, uro pan ne moxno n :vmor nonanpxutcx ..!!!
Ecnn ecrnne, nooeoue+oe no onpeennnt +o+eum
no npemenn ( Koucmpvru N3 ecrnne 'K), xnnxercx/
xnnxnoct/yer xnnxrtcx k romy xe em n
Hpouecco O, PAC1RHV1MM, BRHHMCR
( INGoei+ Prolonged BY-Action)
n Bm xornre +ry uumeuouocmo nouepknyrt
ro Bt moxere mexuu:ecru ouent nerko +ro cenart!
377 376
OHOHHHTEHIHIE PEKOMEHAHHH
HO COO1BE1C1BHK
nanonee ynorpenrentntx
AHIHHHCKHX 0OPM n KOHC1PVKHHH PYCCKHM
n HO HX YHOTPEBAEHHK:
1) BHEPA ! 2-n 4OPMA ( (e)D nnn ns Tao.ui):
... x nocunran/czen I counted/ate
2-n qop+a.
c 5 o 7
BHEPA poeuo e 7.34 x cunran/en I was*
eeco ent counting/eating.
K 5.00 x nocunran/czen I had*
counted/eaten.
* WAS n HAD 2-e qop+i;

2)
CEIOHR !
HH:eeo HE enaem nnn S,
WAS/WERE/WILL be.
CEHHAC ! AM / IS / ARE ...ing;
K ... ! HAVE / HAS / WILL have 3-x qop+a:
... x cunram/em I count/eat ...
npxmo ceuac x cunram/em I am
counting/eating.
eeco ent x cunram/em I am
counting/eating.
CEIOHR
c 5 o 7 x cunrau/eu I was
counting/eating.
" na +mo npemx x cocunrau I have
( K +moy momenry) counted/eaten.
}
A nor sect " mo:ra omc:ma naxonrcx n yyue !!!
K romy npemenn x yy xart ( nporov) yxe 5 uacon.
By that time I will have been waiting for 5 hours already.
oa m ma+ a wn. xe ouuu w+muue qoo qae avos oo.p+ou
Cmorpnre, kak nc uoeuuuo:
will have been waiting !
$ $ $
Hokastnaem: Bpea K Hpouecc
( .ume.iuocmi).

AHOmEO3.
A ceuac mt ykpacnm ocyxenne remt epe+u ropo.+
npu+epoe ]paso, koropym nponsnocnr na uncrom anrnnckom
Leonardo di Caprio n ]nntme Ue.oeer e re.esuo +acre,
n koropax nknmuaer n cex n xopomo emoncrpnpyer
CPA3Y neumx 3 muna oecmeu:
I HAVE BEEN in prison for 6 years npotB n rmptme 6 ner
a xe ouuu uu npusu qoo curc nos
(r.e. or ... n o ceronxmnero nx),
you FREED me nt ocnoonBn menx
mv qpuuo +uu (oouopasoeoe ecrnne n npouuo),
and now you ARE ASKING me a ceuac nt npocn1E menx
uo uav mv aa aacruue +uu (nmenno e auum! momenr)
to enter another prison. = cecrt n pyrym rmptmy.
mv +umo ouao npusu

{
{
{
379 378
HOBLE BO3MOHOCTH.
BCE roucmpvruu n cnoe ueus+euuuo qop+e
(n nce muni oecmeu) npekpacno moryr couerartcx
c (ummun) o.e+euma+u,
ro ecrt c rem, uro o menx nastnann +ooa.iui+u e.aeo.a+u
xorx, nonropxm, kakne xe +ro rnaront,
ecnn onn noome ne nsmenxmrcx
n y nnx ne1 nn onoro e.aeo.iuoeo npusuara ???
(Cmorpnre mo Hoem ruaccum caoyuumeuo).
COuETAHH 3BEMEH1OB c KOHC1PVKHHRMH.
3 B E M E H 1 ...:

Haccue:
I CAN BE killED.
a ru ouu ru.o
MOIV BM1L vou1(-i+) Menx moxno ynrt.

1-n mun ecrnn ecrnnx Bau!:

I CAN READ any English book.
a ru puuo +uu nue.uui ovr
MOIV HPOHEC1L nmym anrnnckym knnry.

2-n mun ecrnn ecrnnx Hpouecca:

You SHOULD BE LIVING here.
mv umo ouu .neuue xno
Tee BM CBEOBABO H1L sect.

K 5.00 x cocunrau/ceu I had

counted/eaten.
CEIOHR c 5 o 7 x yy cunrart/ecrt
I will be counting/eating.
K 5.00 x cocunram/czem I will
have counted/eaten;

3) WILL rnaron;
3AB1PA ! WILL be ...ing;
WILL have 3-n qop+a:
... x yy cunrart/ecrt I will count/eat.
... x cocunram
c 5 o 7
x yy cunrart/ecrt
3AB1PA
poeuo e 7.34
I will be counting/eating.
eeco ent
K 5.00 x cocunram/cem
I will have counted/eaten.

Bnnre $, eese n n umo cnyuae

BPEMR mt nokastnaem
2-o 0OPMOH camoro rnarona (1- mun ecrnn)
nnn xe 0OPMAMH be n/nn 'have (n roucmpvrux).
1HH xe ecrnnx n cmcu ero (n roucmpvrux)
mt nokastnaem 3-en nnn INGoeo 0OPMOH
cmtcnonoro rnarona
(ro ecrt rem nnn nntm onpeeueuue) !!!

}
{
{
{
381 380
HETEOPETHuECKA HHmOPMAHHR
HO COHETAHHK BPEMH PYI C PYIOM
(nx HPAK1HHECKOIO HCHOHB3OBAHHB).
1) Bor IAABHOE nx Bac n onontno-rakn npocroe
HPABHAO X1:
Ecnn rnaron euaeuoeo npenoxennx ro ecrt nepeo
uacrn ncero npenoxennx cronr n npocmo+ npoueue
epe+euu no 2-n qop+e, ro n rnaron emopo uacrn +roro
npenoxennx onxen onsa1eutno croxrt 1oae n npoueue
epe+euu (nno c o.e+eumo+ would c+ompu oa.ee).
To ecrt:
ecnn no-pycckn uoano ckasart: ymaB, uro cxoV c yma
ro ecrt qop+a uacmoaueeo epe+euu (cxoV)
nny1pn npoueueeo ecrnnx (ymaH),
ro no-anrnnckn OBA ecrnnx onxnt croxrt
n HPOHEHEM npemenn.

I THOUGHT (that) I WAS GETTING MAD.

a oom m a wos e+muue +o
yman, uro x cxoxy/cxonu c yma
ymaB, uro x CTAHOBHBC cymacmemnm.
Bor rakne npnmept na +ry remy anan npo]. B.K. Mmnnep
n epa++amu:ecro uacrn cnoero nsnecrnemero cnonapx:
cnpocnu, kak ero sony1 I asked what his name was.
a aacrm wom xus uo+ wos
ckasau emy, uro emy uoano (muo) cenart +ro.
I told him (that) he was allowed to do this.
a mov.o xu+ m xu wos o.avo mv ovv uc

3-n mun ecrnn ecrnnx K:

I COULD HAVE EATEN this soup.
a rvo xe uumu uc cvvn
MOI (yxe) C1EC1L +ror cyn.

4-n mun ecrnn Hpoecc O:

I MIGHT HAVE BEEN WAITING for you all my life.
a +am xe ouuu w+muue qoo mv oo. +a .aq
MOI BM H P O A 1 L rex ncm cnom xnsnt.
"

+om

H yntnnrect, ncnomnnn, kak kora-ro esornercrnenno nenn

nerkomtcnennte Apaoecru:
We SHOULD BE THINKING about some drinking!.
wn umo ouu nuruue ooavm ca+ opnuruue
B cmtcne: A ne nopa nn nam noart?!.
A n Moe nperpacuo .eou 3nnsa yynnrn sannnanact:
I COULD HAVE DANCED all night,
And COULD HAVE BEGGED for more!
uo rvo xe ooeo qoo +oo
MOIBA BM 1AHHEBA1L ncm nout,
H MOIBA BM HOHPOCH1L em!.

HE 3ABLBAHTE !!!
Mo E-mail apec:
andrapublishyandex.ru
383 382
Kak Bt, naemct, samernnn,
BVVHEE n HPOHEHEM
no ncex ntmenpnnenntx npnmepax
a noome-ro,
BCEIA
nr uepes ... WV ... ... WOULD ...,
a HE uepes will!

Kpome +roro, em pas opamam Bame nnnmanne na ro, uro

n monx anrunncxnx npnmepax () cnoneuko
... that ... m ..., uro ..., ..., koropt ...
sauacrym cronr n ckokax,
r.k. n anrnncknx npenoxennxx ono concem ue oxsarentno!

Em HPHMEPL H 3A3YFPHBAHH:
suau, uro ona craxem emy +ro.
I knew (that) she WOULD tell him this.
a umv m uiu wvo mo. xu+ uc
H:
suau, uro ona (em pantme) crasaua emy +ro.
I knew she HAD TOLD him this.
a umv uiu xo mov.o xu+ uc
Mt suauu, uro onn ue saeoeopam no-anrnnckn.
We knew they WOULDNT speak English.
wn umv o wvoum cnuur nue.uui
Ham crasauu, uro onn yym ronont.
We were told (that) they WOULD be hungry.
wn w+o mov.o m o wvo ouu xauepu
crasau, uro x ue noy rya.
I said (that) I WOULDNT GO there.
a coo m a wvoum eov +o
NB!
Ecnn xe rnaron euaeuoeo npenoxennx
cronr n onom ns uacmoauux nnn yyuux epe+u,
ro rnaron emopoeo npenoxennx
moxer croxrt npakrnueckn n umo epe+euu
coopasno c neoxonmocrtm ronopxmero:
snam, uro on +ro ronopnn! I know (that) he said it!
a uov m xu coo um
nnkora ne nonepm, uro on rakoe ckasan I will never believe
(that) he said such a thing.
cntman, uro on nosnpamaercx.
I have heard (that) he is coming back;
a xe xo m xu us ra+uue or

2) Bropoe OHEHL BAHOE nx Bac npannno

BVVHEE n HPOHEHEM:
ckasaB emy, uro npuy I told him I would come.
a moyu xu+ a wy ra
ncera ymaB, uro CTAHY nrunkom.
I always thoughT (that) I WOULD become a pilot.
a oo.wos oom (m) a WV ura ona.om
Tt nnkora ne noospenaBa, uro on HPEACT rex.
You never suspecteD (that) he WOULD betray you.
mv u+eo cocn+rmuo (m) xu WV ump+ mv
On ne snaB, uro BYET aaue1t o +rom ncm cnom xnsnt.
He didnt know (that) he WOULD regret about it all his life.
xu ououm uov (m) xu WV puep+m ooavm um oo. xus .aq
( BYY OHXEH )
ne oxnaB, uro mne HPHTCR yexart.
I didnt expect (that) I WOULD HAVE TO leave.
a ououm urcn+rm (m) AH WV XB 1V .uue
385 384
HPEOFPA3OBAHHE HPRMOH PEuH
B! KOCBEHHVK.
Hpannna Coe.acoeauu/co:emauu epe+u ecrnymr
n npn nepeeooe np+o anrnncko peun n! roceeuuvm.
Inanntm npannnom n annom cnyuae xnnxercx oxsarentnocrt
nx oenx uacre npenoxennx
croxrt e ouo u mo xe npemenn.
Onako ecrt n ononnnrentnte 7 npannn +roro nepeeooa,
ne nmemmne npxmoro ornomennx k anrnncknm epe+eua+ n
roucmpvru+, n koropte moxno nepeuncnnrt nkparne n no xox,
(uyrt anee +rn npaeu.a
nornepxamrcx konkperntmn npnmepamn) :
1) Inaron 'say samenxercx! na rnaron 'tell
(ro ecrt say ! tell);
2) 3anmie, raei:ru n eonpocume.iuie suaru onyckamrcx;
3) Cvoermuie mecronmennx ( cvoermi)
n npumrame.iuie +ecmou+euu
( onsa1eutnme onpeoe.ume.u)
samenxmrcx coornercrnenno cmtcny;
4) Hponcxonr cneymmax noc1onnnan sa+eua cnon:
will ! would
this ! that
these ! those
now ! then
today ! that day
yesterday ! the day before
tomorrow ! the next day
ago ! before
here ! there;
uaeauca, uro emy ue craxym.
I hoped they WOULDNT tell him.
a xovnm o wvoum mo. xu+

H nx nyme yenrentnocrn nor Bam ]pasa ns +nna Mop+na

( anropa Hepeo rpoeu):
Heres the postcard I THOUGHT I WOULD never SEND.
xnos onovcmraao a oom a wvo u+eo couo
Bor orkptrka, (koropym) x ov+aBa, (uro) nnkora ne HOHBK.

NB!
OFHAXHBARHH HKAHC
CKOPEE AR HHmOPMAHHH, uEM AR EHCTBHR.
Onako, ecnn Bt ronopnre o um-ro oueuseecmuo
nnn peeyuapuo noemopamueca,
ro moxno n ne conmart Hpannn coe.acoeauu epe+u:
I read that drinking IS not good for health.
a poo m opnuruue us uom evo qoo xo.
uumau, uro ntxncrno ne nonesno nx sopontx.
We didnt know what time the film usually BEGINS.
wn ououm uov wom ma+ oqn.+ mvrie.u ouenus
Mt ue snaun no ckontko otuno naunnaemcx ]nntm.

Ynaxaemte rocnoa!
Ocoeuuo pekomenym Bam cnom nonym knnry 5 ceucauu,
koropax (kpome ncero npouero) ykaxer Bam n npxmo nyrt
k sayuueauum anrnncknx cuoe!
Takxe ouent conerym npnoperart mon BHEOKVPCM !!!
387 386
PEKOMEHAHH
HO OCTHEHHK FICTPOIO PE3YALTATA.
O1BEHAH1E me re, HEM CHPALHBAPT
(nno n vmeepoume.iuo, nno n ompuame.iuo qop+e):
DO you know him? YES, I DO! NO, I DONT !
DOES she know him? YES, she DOES! NO, she DOESNT !
DID they write this? YES, they DID! NO, they DIDNT !
WILL they come? YES, they WILL! NO, they WONT!
CAN she do this? YES, she CAN! NO, she CA

NNOT!
HAVE you a friend? YES, I HAVE! NO, I HAVENT!
HAS she a book? YES, she HAS! NO, she HASNT!
HAD they any money? YES, they HAD NO, they HADNT!
WILL we have a lunch? YES, we WILL! NO, we WONT!
IS our cat there? YES, it IS! NO, it ISNT!
WERE our cats there? YES, they WERE! NO, they WERENT!
WILL our cats be there? YES, they WILL! NO, they WONT!
HO:
DON`1 you read it? YES, I DO! NO, I DON`1!
ISN`1 she there? YES, she IS! NO, she ISN`1!
WON`1 you come? YES, I WILL! NO, I WON`1!
CAN`1 they play? YES, they CAN! NO, they CAN`1!
n r..
5) Hpn neoxonmocrn oooae.mmc cnona
whether w+o (nnn if uq) ... uu ...;
6) B noee.ume.iuo+ uar.oueuuu
rnaron n 1-n ( n c.oeapuo) qop+e
samenxercx! na rnaron c :acmue to ;
7) 3anpeuamua :acmua Dont
samenxercx! na npocroe ompuauue not.
Hocnenne 2 nynkra moxno cnecrn k npocro sa+eue
Dont ! ... not to ....
HPHMEPL:
She said to me: ! She told me (that)
We will leave ! we would leave
tomorrow ! the next day.
They asked us: ! They asked us whether (nnn: if)
Have you ! we had
read the book? read the book.
You asked me: You asked me
Where where
do you ! I
go? ! went.
He said to her: ! He told her
Come ! to come
to me! ! to him.
She said to me: ! She told me
Dont ! not to
kiss her! kiss her.

389 388
Ecnn xe +ror cyzerm/ozerm ncrpeuaercx nam nnepnme,
n mt o +roro o nm ne cntxann ro or nero onsa1eutno nyxno
na ncxkn cnyua omoopumic, onsa1eutno nocnontsonanmnct
HEonpeeuuum apmur.e+, n ckasan:
OHH ..., KAKOH-1O ..., HEKHH ... AN
nnn A u/o,
uro pantme npocro snaunno OnH!!!:
1) 'I see A girl;
2) I see THE girl u ro, u ro
epa++amu:ecru npannutno,
no pasuua ecmo, n ona saknmuaercx n rom,
uro n nepnom cnyuae +ra oeevura nnmt ooua us uoeux,
no nropom cnyuae ueuuo ma caaa, rourpemuaa oeevura !
Inannoe urot
xomo raro-mo onpeoe.ume.i/apmur.i BMB !!!
A nmnpa1t +ror onpeoe.ume.i
nyxno npocro coopasno spaeoy cmcuy !!!

Hy a pas AN/A snaunr OHH,

ro ero (ecmecmeeuuo !!!) HEBL3R cmaeumo
nepe cvoerma+u/ooerma+u no +uorecmeeuuo+ uncne!!!
net Oouu cronM u no-pycckn npx nn kro-nnyt ckaxer ..!
To ecrt n +mo cnyuae $
ueonpeoe.uuoe cvuecmeume.iuoe
(croxmee no uoxecmeeuuo uncne!)
oxem trt eo.i+ es onpeoe.ume. !!! (Crp. 392).

OBR3ATEALHLE OHPEEHHTEHH
AN, A n THE (r.n. apmur.u).
o cnx nop mt crapannct voeeami or apmur., renept
xe anare sa cur ncnoutsonannn apmur. OBOIATHM nam
anrnnckn n cenaem ero em onee orartm n npannntntm !!!
Bomic apmur. ne nyxno, rak kak on na camom-ro ene
ouent yoen npocro ornecnrect k nemy kak k cuoey,
kak k ouoy us onsa1eutnmx onpeoe.ume.e
n kak k em onomy onpeoe.euum no onpeoe.euum N1
(rak kak on ncera cronr nepe pyrnmn onpeoe.euu+u).
Aue.osi:uie ontmne ovreoeoi, n onn nmxr nc vmo:umi
no+romy onn ncera
npn nomomn apmur. ( onpeeuumeua)
n oasameuoueue nopxke norasieamm nam (nnn mt ronopx
no-anrnnckn oxsarentno ouanm norasieami)
o raro npemere nnn nnne ( cyzerme/ozerme)
nr peut ...
Ecnn mt +ror npemer nnn, nanpnmep, +roro uenoneka VE
snaem nnn o nm VE kora-ro mna peut (ro ecrt on nx nac
onpeeuu, useecmeu) ro mt (ronopx no-anrnnckn) n onxnt
onsa1eutno nocnontsonartcx onpeeuuum apmur.e+, ro
ecrt onsa1eutno ckasart:
1O1 ..., 1O1 camt ..., 1E camte ...
no-anrnnckn THE ... o.
H crannrcx +ro THE nepe cyzermau/ozermau
n umou uncne
( u no uoxecmeeuuo the boy/the boys) !!!
391 390
" mo
% Hauomo tno sennoe.
*
Ha nm tnn % oipi.,
*
samnrte % senntmn nnrkamn.
" oouu
Mt cenn n % aemoovc.
" Tom
% Aemoyc tn nepenonnen.
The coat was green.
orovm wos epuuu
*
There were % holes on it.
+o w xov.s ou nm
*
mended with % green threads.
++uouo wn epuuu poos
We took A bus.
wn mvr ooac
THE bus was overcrowded.
ooac wos oveorpavouo
Kak nnnre $, npocrtm rvpcueo+ (ro ecrt uar.ouui+
upuqmo+) ntenent cnona,
ncrpeuammnecx B HEPBBH PA3, n, coornercrnenno,
EHE nam HE3HAKOMBE.
Onn, ec1ec1nenno, o]opmnent HEOHPEEHEHHBM apmur.e+
(an/a u/o).
anee 3TH E CAMLE cnona, ntenennte xupum
rvpcueo+, oosnauamr VE 3HAKOMBE rontko uro (nnn
panee) ecmpeuaeuueca nam nonxrnx.
Coornercrnenno (rak kak o nnx VE ronopnnoct PAHBLE),
+rn cnona o]opmnxmrcx OHPEEBHHMM apmur.e+ (the o).
To ecrt, ecnn cnono nonropxercx emopo pas,
ro ono omuno oqop+.emc aprnknem 'the !!!

* Cm. crp. 392

urot ueeue tno npousuocumo, nepe cnonamn, koropte
naunnamrcx c e.acuix, nyxno ronopnrt an ... u,
a nepe coe.acui+u nyxno ronopnrt a ... +ro n exy xcno:
A boy mantunk AN apricot apnkoc.
o oo u +npurom
Ho ecrt n napa nrknx umaucoe:
1) eno n rom, uro ykna h- n nauane anrnnckoro cnona
nnora mo.iro nuuemca, no ne nponsnocnrcx
n +rom cnyuae nyxno ncnontsonart AN, nanpnmep:
AN hour H avo uac,
no:
A hot dish 3 xom ouui ropxuee nmo;
2) ykna U- n nauane anrnnckoro cnona
nnora unraercx kak A-, a nnora kak Ky-.
Coornercrnenno:
AN umbrella H A+op+.o sonr(-nk),
n:
A union 3 Kvuuou coms.

A nor Bam 2 mercmura, nosnonxmmne nonxrt qvurum apmur.e

n cy1t nx yno1peuennn
(oparnre nnnmanne na nocueuu nocue rekcron):
" oouoeo
Buepa x ncrpernn % opvea.
" moeo " oouo
Y % pyea tno % crapoe na.imo.
Yesterday I met A friend.
ecmooo a +om oqp+uo
THE friend had AN old coat.
oqp+uo xo ouov.o rovm
393 392
HOPRKOBMH HOMEP.
urot oosnaunrt HOPRKOBMH uoep uero-nnyt,
Bam nyxno K uucuy ( K uqpe)
npocro npnannrt BOCLMOE orou:auue th ,
nanpnmep:
4 four qoo ! uernprm fourTH qoo
B rex :uc.ume.iuix,
koropte cocroxr ns uecrouorux cnon axe n ouent nnnntx
th npnannxre 1outxo r HOCBEHEMV cnony
(1ouno kak no-pyccxn !!!):
24 twenty four me+umu qoo ! nanart uernprm
twenty fourTH.
mw+umu qoo

HE-HPABHBLHME noporoeie uncnnrentnte (7 umyr):

(the) first qcm nepnt,
(the) second c+rouo nropo,
(the) third o rpern,
(the) fifth quq nxrt,
(the) eighth o noctmo,
(the) ninth uau enxrt,
(the) twelfth mwo.q nenanart.
Houemy ('the ...) ? Cmorpnre na 10 cm. anee!

Co nceun oc1autnmun uncnnrentntmn

nponem, nonropxm, HE1:
urot opasonart or nnx noparoeme uncnnrentnte,
Bam ocrarouno
K rouuy cnona K :uc.ume.iuo+v
npocro npnann1t cmauoapmuoe orou:auue th .
H em onn rekcr:
AN old man lived (OHH) cmapur xnn
uov.o +u .ueo
in A small house n (OHOM) manentkom oo+e
uu oc+oo. xavc
near A forest. pxom c (OHHM) .eco+.
uno oqopucm
One day THE old man Onaxt (31O1 CAMMH) cmapur
wau oo oov.o +u
left THE house ymn ns (1OIO CAMOIO) oo+a
.eqm oxavc
and went into THE forest n nomn n (1O1 CAMMH) .ec
uo w+um numv oqopucm
" ... * " 0 *
to collect % mushrooms. (utot) conpart % rpnt.
mv ro.erm +auipvv+s
1HE mushrooms were tasty. (1E) rpnt tnn nkycntmn.
o +auipvv+s w m+cmu

* Kak nnnre, nepe +rnmn cnonamn no uoxecmeeuuo :uc.e

HE1 nnkaknx apmur.e/onpeoe.ume.e!
Hponsomno +ro noromy, uro n o oipax, n o uumrax,
n o epuoax n +mux cnyuaxx ynomnnaercx enepeme a snaunr,
vuueepca.iuoe the crannrt sect ueuosa n n ro xe npemx
nce +rn 3 cnona croxr no uoxecmeeuuo :uc.e snaunr, o
nnx ueuosa ronopnrt n oouu ( an/a)
nor onn n ocrannct eo.i+u
Tak kak onpe.e.ume. oouu n anrnnckom npocro uem !!!

395 394
npnum -R ue nponsnocnrcx, a rontko nuuemca:
ontmOH ! ontmE big ! biggER,
mnnBH ! mnneE nice ! nicER n r..
Ecnn xe k anrnnckomy cnony VE :mo-nnyt roeoa-nnyt
tno npnanneno
(n ne naxno, o.uuuoe +ro cnono nnn ropomroe),
ro, ncnomnnn npekpacnoe Hpaeuuo paeyuruua X3, mt snaem,
uro Bououe uaeeuueamo vre ueuosa!!!
no+romy mt HE ynnnxem cnono em onnm orou:auue+,
a enaem u +ro kak no-pycckn, ro ecrt ronopnm:
BOBEE ... MORE ... +oo:
nnn:
BOBEE ycrant ! MORE tireD oo maoo
Vxe npnannennte orou:auu "$
BOBEE nnrepecnt ! MORE interestING.
A urot no-anrnnckn ckasart CAMMH ... nnn HAH...,
mt na rex xe camtx ycnonnxx onxnt r rouuy (ueus+euuuoeo)
cnona npnannrt orou:auue EST ucm,
a nepe cnonom onsa1eutno nocrannrt em
n onpeeuuum apmur.i THE ... (nnn pyro oasam. onpeo.),
rak kak yx ecnn kro-ro, nanpnmep, cam +u.i,
ro yx xnno useecmuo, kro ...!
Ecnn xe cnono VE onn pas tno nsmeneno
( orou:auue), ro ncnomnnn n sect Hpaeuuo paeyuruua
X3 mt onsa1eutno onxnt ynorpenrt anrnnckoe cnono
CAMMH ... (the) MOST ... o+ovcm
H nonyuaercx:
CAMMH mnnBH ... ! THE nicEST ... o uacucm
Cam cnmnarnunt
CAMMH nnrepecnt ! THE MOST interestING ...
Cam nnrepecnt
H kak x nncan n Iapaumupoeauuo aueuucro sa 3,5 ua:
B ouo mepenre moxer trt
TOHIKO OHH eauamo namm co.oam
snaunr, on xnno 'H3BEC1EH,
snaunr, onsa1eutno vrarume na +ro
'OHPEEBHHMM APTHKHEM !!!:
nostmy mpuoami ceoi+VK knnry.
Ill take THE thirty sevenTH book.
a. mor + mu c+eou ovr
To ecrt noparoeme :uc.ume.iuie otuno o]opmnxmrcx
OHPEEBH1EBEM '1HE !
CXEMA:

OBR3A1EBLHMH
HOPBKOBOE

OHPEEHHTEHB
HHCAHTEALHOE CAOBO.
(c 'th nnn ono & ns 6-mu)

Kora n 1927 roy na sanoe uopa n Xan+n-Hapke c

konneepa comna 15-rnmnnnnonnax Moeuo 1, n koropo exann
cam X+npn uop n ero ctn 3c+nt, na opry anromonnx n tno
nanncano:
THE fifteen millionTH !!!

CTEHEHH CPABHEHHR.
Cpaeuumi uro-nnyt c uem-nnyt no-anrnnckn em nerue,
uem no-pycckn ...
Mm npnannxem k ropum cnona E
n aue.osi:uie enamr rouno rak xe
rontko nnmy1 onn uyrt nnaue: ER,
n npnannxmr onn +ro ER ne k ropum, a npxmo k cnony
397 396
old
ov.o
crapt
!
!
elder
+.oo
crapme,
crapee,
nspocnee
the eldest
o +.oucm
camt crapmn,
camt nspocnt,
camt crapt,
crapemn,
nancrapemn.
Onako y cnona 'old nosmoxnt n qop+i
older crapme n 'the oldest camt crapmn,
ov.oo o ov.oucm
ecnn peut nr nuenno n 1outxo o BO3PACTE,
a HE o crapmnncrne.

Hy uro x, rocnoa n pystx!

Tenept y Bac ecrt 2 antrepnarnnt:
1) Bt moxere ptctm noexart na kakne-nnyt rvpci, orart
neckontko coren akcon npenooaeame.+ n ner em +ak 5
nocnxrnrt ei()v:ueauum
ocranmnxcx 20 aue.osnann nekcnkn n nmancon;
2) Bt moxere norn n knnxnt marasnn, sa roneru kynnrt ram
pyrne
ruueu Anekcanpa parynxnna
( ero Bueorypc),
n 1axnu opasom pemnrt
nourn nce Bamn aue.osi:uie nponemt !!!

Hnmnre mne na apec

andrapublishyandex.ru
pyrne knnrn n BHEOKVPCM A. parynknna
moxno rakxe npnopecrn, nosnonnn no rene]onam:
8-901-301-27-57 n Cankr-Herepypre.
(095) 517-00-95 n Mockne.
H:
CAMMH ycrant ! THE MOST tireD ...
o +ovcm maoo
Cam ycrant.
Ecrt 10 onpeoe.euu ", c koroptmn +rn $ +auunv.uu nponsnonrt
neutsn.
Cmeneuu cpaeueuu or nnx ne opasym1cn nnxax
rak uro 14 cnon 14 uenpaeu.iuix cmeneue cpaeueuu
or +rnx 10 onpeoe.euu
nyxno npocro onopasono emsypumo !!!:
HE-HPABHHBHBE C1EHEHH CPABHEHHR:
well, good
w+., evo
xopomo, xopomn
bad, evil
oo, uue.
nnoxo, sno
many, much
++uu, +am:
mnoro
few, little
qmv, .um.
mano
far
qaa
ankn,
aneko
!
!
!
!
!
better
o+mo
nyume
worse
wc
xyxe,
snee
more
+oo
ontme,
onee
less
.ec
mentme,
menee
farther
qaao
further
qo
antme,
anee
!
!
!
!
!
u.u:
!
the best
oo+cm
camt nyumn
nannyumn
the worst
owcm
camt nnoxo,
nanxymn
the most
o+ovcm
camt, nanonee,
nanontmee
the least
o.nucm
camoe manoe,
nanmentmee,
nanmenee
the farthest
+qaaucm
the furthest
oqucm
camt antnn,
camt ankn
399 398
n) Cymecrnnrentnte, ynorpenxemte 1outxo n eouucmeeuuo+ uncne
( c rnaronom na (e)S):
advice
craft
evidence
furniture
information
hair
knowledge
luggage
money
progress
nonsense
ooeac
rpaaqm
+euoouc
quum:o
uuqo++uiu
x+o
uoo.uori
.aeuori
+auu
npoepoc
uoucouc
coner/-t
cy/-no,-a
okasarentcrn/-o,-a
meent
nn]opmannx
nonoc/-t
snann/-e,-x
arax
entrn
nporpecc
epyna, eccmtcnnna

Pyccko-Pycckne 0opmynt.
3HAHTE, uro B1OPMM (II) napnanram PPm
coornercrnymr nx yreauoume anrnnckne nepenot:
I: ! II: Anru.:
ponncx ! mu poxu I was born ooou
Cnntnee menx ! Cnntnee, ue menx Stronger than me.
a emy cenart +ro ! Hoseouo ey cenart +ro!
Let him do it
Y menx ecrt ... ! uem ... I have ...
! Y menx ueemca Ive got
Y nero ecrt ... ! On ueem ... He has ...
! Y nero ueemca Hes got
Tt noeuameau sa nnmn? Her, x HE EBAB +roro ...
No, I DIDNT DO that ...
Menx nakasaun ! mu nakasau I was punished nauuuim
CHPABOHHAR HACTL.
1) HEnpaeuuoume cymecrnnrentnte (27 umvr):
a) Cymecrnnrentnte, nmemmne ue-npaeu.iuvm qop+v
uoxecmeeuuoeo uncna:
Euucme. uncno: ! Muox. uncno:
child
m:a.o
foot
qvm
goose
evvc
louse
.avc
mouse
+avc
man
+u
woman
wy++u
ox
orc
tooth
mvv
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
children
:m.opou
feet
quum
geese
euuc
lice
.ac
mice
+ac
men
+ou
women
wn+uu
oxen
orcu
teeth
muu
erH
crynnH
rycH
nmH
mtmH
myxunnB
xenmnnB
nonB
syB;
) Ouuaroeaa qop+a cymecrnnrentnoro
n eouucmeeuuo+ n no +uorecmeeuuo+ uncne:
aircraft
deer
grand
quid
salmon
sheep
trout
+orpaaqm
ono
epuo
rwuo
caa+ou
uiuun
mpavm
camonr/-t
one/-nt/-nn
mryka (mic:a)
]ynr crepnnnron (aue..)
noco/-ct/-cn
onn/-a/-t
]ope/-nt/-nn;
401 400
CBOHA TAFHHHA ECRTH OKOHHAHHH
(nx npnmepon nostmm npaeu.iui rnaron
paint noum xpacn1t):
N Bn orouuauua: K uey npucoeouuemc? Hmo ouo oam?
S
S
S
(e)D o,
uo,
m
ING uue
1a.
1o.
1e.
2.
3.
k cvuecmeume.iuo+v
n eouucmeeuuo+ :uc.e:
boyS
nocne On/-a/-o u Kro?
n cvuecmeume.iuix
n euucmeeuuo uncne
k e.aeo.v:
paintS
k cvuecmeume.iui+
n k u+eua+
coocmeeuui+:
my motherS
MichaelS
k npaeuuouoy e.aeo.v:
paintED
a) npoueuee npemx:
) naccueuoe onpeen.:
k nmomy e.aeo.v:
paintING
a) oeenpu:acmue:
) armueuoe onpeen.:
n) cymecrnnrentnoe:
Muoxecme. :uc.o:
mantunkH;
kpacH1;
Buaeuoua:
moe marEP`H,
Makn`OB;
(no-)kpacnB;
nokpamEH/nt,
okpamnnaEMt;
kpacR;
kpacRHn,
kpacnBHn;
kpamEHHE;
Ero oneun ! On mu onxeu He was offended oq+uouo
1 2 3
Knaprnpa moe marepn ! Moe marep`n knaprnpa.
My mothers flat.
xouy, urot menx narpannn ! xouy mmo narpaxu(-ui+).
I want to be rewarded.
puwooouo
yy xyoxnnkom ! yy mmo xyoxnnkom.
I will be an artist aamucm
cmory . ! yy (oimi) e cocmoauuu
I will be able (to)
kynnn ! V eua (ecmi) kynneu(-ui)
I have bought ooom
Mne t norn ! ouxeu mu m norn.
I should go.
Mne m cecrt xnoko 1) m xomeu cecrt xnoko.
Id like to eat an apple;
2) ouxeu mu m cecrt xnoko.
I should eat an apple.
Mne ckasann ! mu nsnemu I was told mov.o
Mne xouercx ! xouy I want (to) ...
Mne npannrcx ... ! cunamusupym / ooxam ...
I like (to) ... .ar
402
Hape:ue:
tcrpO;
nonpemx,
exenennO;
Onpeoe.euue.
nerpEHBH;
Hoparoeme
:uc.ume.iuie.
cetmOH;
ouee ...:
ymneE
pantmE, paneE;
cam ymnt,
uauymnemn;
cam pannn.
N Bn orouuauua: K uey npucoeouuemc? Hmo ouo oam?

BOT H BC !!!
Fontme n anrnnckom xstke
HHHEIO co cnonom (n nenxx nsuenennn ero qvuruu)
cenart HEBL3R !!!

4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
LY .u
Y u
TH
ER o
EST ucm
k onpeoe.euu+:
quickLY
n k cvuecmeum.:
timeLY
dayLY
k cvuecmeumeume.iui+:
windY
k ro.u:ecmeeuui+
:uc.ume.iui+:
sevenTH
k npu.aeame.iui+:
smartER
n k uape:u+:
earliER
k npu.aeame.iui+:
the smartEST
n k uape:u+:
the earliEST