Журнал Аквариум - 01-1993

Hlopozue nawu uumamenu! Myr pam mosmpasuts pac, fay Ww ceGa Toxe, ¢ poxkse: HMeM com ‘JonroxaantHoro skypaaa. 3a nocaenuue 75 Her 310 seproe nepuognye- Ckoe nognucioe usianue, Tpestiastiayentice wa axna~ piymHeros. Tpapaa. goarne Toukl B XKypHane +«PriGosor- TBO Mm” peiGostoRcTBO> (c 1985 _roxa — 4 €PxGonos>) cyuiectso8ai pasien «Akpapvys>, HO. us- 3a HemocTaTKa_ MecTa B03 MoxHocTH ero Oia tebenn- ku. Mote we Menee pasmea Tomo6usics auTatensM 1, cy Agno oTsueas, nySnuKauv Guna nnrepectin He TOKO MoGurenim, Ho u cretyaan- cram. B Hionom .xypitane wot tia~ Mepelbi coxpatiMT ty xe Hanpapneiocte. Ha ero crpanuliax Bhi cMoxeTe mpo- uutat. crarsu 0 phiGax, pactenmsix, ynarKax, xpeaer- KaXx, nOMHBIK HaceKOMBIX apyrux oOtarensx axeapny- Ma. TockompKy MMorHx m0- OuTeneli UHTepecyioT H 2XKH- Ten TeppapuyMos, He ocTa- Bui Mb Ge3 BHUMZHMA 1 ory Temy Kak 4 em KopMuth, Kak Je4HiTb, Kak yxaxuBats 3a CBOMMH MuTOManH, Kak yc- Tpolitb, OGopynozatb, exo PMpoBaT’ aKBapHyMEl, mop- Aepxusath B HAX NUCIOTY 1 TOpsIOK —¢ THM. Mm MHO- TAM-MHOTHM ApyrHM xypHall Gynet sHaKOMHTS cBOMX un ratexcit, Tpuo6maa so6urereit « ectectsernonayaneim stan SM, Mbl XOTHM, TOOL 1 CaM OHM cTaHoBMauee HcC- aeqoratenam“. Bes omsir kaxk/OO aKBapHYMUcTa yHH- KayeH: Ha6mojan exenHeBHo 34 CBOMMH MITOMUAMH, ol MOXeT YBHJ€TS TO, ero He gaMerHT Apyrof. Mi Hajees ca, ro Bb Gynere nucare HaM 0 CBOMX\OCTHeEHHAX 1 OTKpDIMHAX, yenexax mW Hey- navax (Heyna4H Toxe moyen ‘TeqbnLt). Bosmoxo, Bet mo6HTe Ma- creputs uM jendere. 410-70 CBOUMU pykaMA fins cBoero Fomamero onoema. Hi ra Kas mmdopmauna ovens nyxna. Kopouc, Mbl 2m oF Bac CAMBIX PAsHBIX coobmc- Hua, XKenatenbHo, 4oObt OHH conposoxaaaHce - csait- ororpadusmm, pH cyaxamu, HanGoaee uHrepec- Fible matepuans Gyayt ony6- ANKoBaHsi. ML xe, B -cpoto oNepenb, nocrapaeMea npupaew x yeactuio. B XypHasie yueubi, paGorHuKos — goonapKon, OMBITHAIX —aKBapUyMMCTOB — cMelManveroB «6B. TO MAM Hom o6nactTH, muxcateneit, botoxoppecnonscnton TImmte wam o Tom, 470 Bac HHTepecyeT, 70 BbI Ko- Tes Obl [pountars, yBuAeTE, ysnare. Haw a6pec: 107807, PCI, Mocksa, 6-78, ya. Canouas-Chacekas, 2.18. TOO peraxtms xypuara «PriGonou» Teaedouss; 207-20-60, 207-51-53 | {Yapeamrean: TOO «IPHTOH>, ‘MsmateabcTs0 ‘*KOJIOC» TOO peraxuna axypuaaa «PBIBOJOB> Taasmusa_penaxcroy A. B. PONOBAHO! Pegaxynonnas Koaaerna Hag Homepom ‘apenas: 10. C. AMH3A@T, BM. JEBHHA, T. H. XPOMOBA B wowepe oweuseins ororpadint Oe crane ii. BOPMEPA, A, FOUIOBAHOBA, B. RAUKEBIIIA, ‘3, SAMAFAEBA. A KOTETOBA © Koweropa 1H MoPosORA, 9. HA3APOBA, P. TAMIIKGSHA, 10. CAMYHJIEHKOBA, w_pucynxn . HOMBHIECA, BL SABAHPOBA, H. HoBHKOBOH Ha I-A erp. o620xKu: Sousa saxpaxanta (Botia_macracantha). oro P. MAMHKBATA, Ha 4-4 cp. ‘o6oa03KKH MOBBIE. WHXAHI. ‘oro A. KOUETOBA Anpec pesaxusox: 107807, TCH Mocka B- ya. Cazosas Cnaccxas, 18 Tenecpox. 207-20-60 Tloaacaxo 1b newaTn 260193 @opaar 70 x 100 1/16 Bym. opeontan. Teter opeerian. Yeu new a. 52. ‘Tupac 50000 ‘ats Saxas 759. C1 ‘Opnena Tpyzosore ©TOO pexaxnns oeypHaa «PuiGono»; 1993 MACCOBbIA WINIOCTPMPOBAHHBIA DKYPHAM OCHOBAH 8 AHBAPE 1993 ropA ‘AHBapb — MapT B Homepe: 1/93 «Bontecs Wenpuntuocteti — 3aBORAMTe aKBapnym> M. Maxnun 2 Poi6ei 4—371 Ha6mopaitte 3a caoumn AMTOMUaMH T. Bepwitnua, H. Mewkoea 4 Anrepouor 6enoxaiimosiii 10. Camyiinenxos 9 Cexpersi anexyca A Hoxnos 12 Kpacasmya terpa cou po K Kapa6aa 15 Papyra 3a cteknom M. Maxnun 17 Pactenun 32—43 Kynetypa Bonubix pactennit B. Wenejixoackni, M. MaaHoaa 32 na Gontuinx axnapnymos XB. 3, aan Boyer 7 Pactenwe-Kpy:keso C. BlomEnugec a Ws crappix wsqannun 44—49 BuicoKoe cmpxonme npapone M. Quunpnes 44 Kak # ycrpansan caow nepsbie aKBapvyMbl Lie H. ©, Sonoranyxnis 47 Teppapnym 52—55 >Kepnann W. Xurpos. 52 Aboma H. Moposos 53 Tonogactuxn npegnountaror PoncTacHiMkos C. Nanos 54 Yuratenb cnpaumpaet 56—59 Kax? 3avem? Movemy? T. Bepummnuta, H. Mewxoea 56 Mactepckan akBapuymucta 60—62 Cpenano jona B. Emenut 60BIHECEHHBIe B GaTONOEOK CORA MpHHa;Ie~ Ma? OCHOBATEIO HayKK 0 CTOxHBIX dop- Max mloBeqeHHs >XMBOTHBIX — STOMOTHH Koxpany Jlopenuy. «Ecnm pot >xaxKneTe BHNCTh KIOYOK HaTypambHol pacryuleit 3e- Jel HW mOoGopaTeca KpacoTo! %HBLIX cy- ljecTs — nloxynafite akBapuym>, — cogeryer oH B KHure u «cToaKni. Conepxa- HUE XXMBOTHBIX, B Hay¥HOM cMBICHIE croRa, nowMMaerca MHow Kak TlonbITKa cosnaTb hallMM THTOMUAM TaKHe YcNOBHA, B KOTO- pbix WX 2KHOHeHHL UK Mor Git coBep- laTees y Hac Ha Tasax». Wtak, eca Bk Comiecs Henpusrnocrelt 1 TMLIHUX Wier MpH conepxanuM OMA kakux-/1K60 XROTHBIX, TlocmenyiTe cosery K. Jlopenua. Banequre oAMH HTH HecKonBKo aksapwymos, HM Tepe BaulMMM TuiasaMit passepHeTea Uembiii HeaHaKoMBi MHp Ha- WHX cocefeH To mlanete — xuBoTHEIX. Ta, 2 OOMbILMHCTBE CAyYaeB Hal jeKOpaTAXBHbie KOMHATHBe BONOEMBI ZacenaioT pbiObl, Ho ux noaagkH, UX TloReseHHe, ux OOUleHHe MexKAY coSoli rosnonsior yaureTh MHorHe obtIHe SaKOHOMepHOCTH MHMpa -XHBOTHBIX. “Koniewno, co6akH M KOUIKH Gonee KoHITaK- THul, YeM pHIOKH, BeTYNAIOT B OUeBUAHBIE PoAHMOOTHOUICHHS c XO3AHHOM, co BCEMH uaenaMH cembu, Ho Ben Mi KOH- TakTbl OTH YXe He COBCEM XapaKrepHet jn 3aKOHOMepHOCTe 2XXMBOTHOrO Mpa, OHM BO MHOrOM MpeTepmicnH HSMeNeHHA 34 THCHIH Jet OROMAUIHBAHHs THX KHBOTHBIX. Pui6bl — He ofoMaUIHeHHLte KHBOTHBIE, 1aKe eCmH [ecATKH HX TlOKOsIeHHi BocTpOHsBoAATCA B KOMHATHLIX BORDeMax, OHH AeMoHCTpUpyIoT BCWO MaMTpy CBOUX AeHCTBHA MW MOTHBOB STAX Teltictauit B UMCTOM Bue, JaWT HE HCKaxKEH- Hylo BMeWIaTeMCTBOM YemoBeKa KaprHny O6bI- waea -xHBotHor Mpa. Hom, TOBepBTe, HE Mcl¢e KOHTaKTHPYIOT C HEMOBEKOM, Haz0 TOMb- Ko, 4TOOsI oTOT ¥esOBeK Obi BAYMUHBEIM HaGmonaterem WM HayYHNcd HX TOHHMATE, HAYUWICA MOAXOMUTE K HByHeHHIO UX ToBeye- 2 «BovtTech HempvaTHocTen — 3aBOMTe aKBapHyM» M. Maxaun . Canucr-Tlerep6ypr Hac HCTHHHO HaywHBx nosHUHit, Yonex 2KICT TaKOTO HaOMlOnATeMA B TOM eny4ae, ecnit Of cyMeer OTHICKATE KMBUH- BH-HeYXHBUMBBI, K@K PaSBOLHT, KaK BbikapMaMaaTs m4 T.n.) Tlouemy notpeGoranock nce oro nosaGwiTs? To paym npwunnam. Bo-nepssix, Bcc Takoro pota nloco6ua — npoctaa TextlonorHueckaa peuentypa. 9T0 He HayKa, 970 TexHosOrHa, Bo-propiix, He npeamonaras oT0it ocoGeHHocTH aKBapHYMHEIX TOcoGHA, juOOHTe» WacTO, Ha~ UMTaBUIMCs UX, MepeoleHHBaer CBOH sKanHs 4PuiGkU 2MBYT, pasBONsTcs, BEIpacTa‘oT — sHaunt, © HHX MHe Bce u3BecTHo, mopa OcBavBaTb HoBeIit BHI», — IIpHMCpHo Tak pac- cyxnaiot wenanekwe . Ho, ypu, MHOTO BHyoa , cmmum’ y axsapwymos. M, BcMaTpHpascs 3 2XVBHb iomBoMtor? MHpa, Bee roTOBLI sana- Bars Bonpocti. Bor raapaior HeoHoRMe psOKH 4 TepHe- yun. Bee sriepememxy. Own peiGer aBwKyT- ca Hanpano, apyrMe — waneso. Tnasairmesuienno, A cpelld HX To # flenO Mpocka- Kupaiot Toporuieeic Gap6yce. Hm peut Nexoraa. O/H M¥HTes BIIpaso, npyrol — us mpanoro yrna peso, Berperunuch. Pasmu- ayance. Jlaxe He morusjenu ppyr Ha apyra. Paiom ‘ewe oJMH aKBapHyM c TeMH xe poi6xamn. OH ocobeHHo uHcT M Hapa — YTpoM sameHHnH HemHoro Bomb. Ho ¥T0 9T0? Bee neonst, tepHeuan, Sap6ycbi xonsT craft kamu. TIpHeMmotpatect: Bmpaso nmisyr — ONMM psIOKH Brepenit, Biex0 — coBcem Apy- rue Rostuasssior craw. A y Gap6ycos & cTae PASRePHYJUCE MIpbI: OHH PHIOBI TO Mm feENO NogmuisisawT K ApyrHM, eNalot xapaktep- Hble IRMKeHMS, KpyxaTen Ha MecTC, pac- xonstcs. A stot To femact? K uemy Noanmia mpyroH Gap6yc, a ol BoAN H nepezepitysicd — CTOMT BHHS ronopoit, “YTS wesenHT naapHykamH. Topnnbisuwui norss- Tea ¥ yfananes mpous. ‘A por MeveHocuist. PeiGst mupnste, croxor- Hule, yxuBunBnte (BHHOBAT, 9TO B TocoBHax tax mnutyt...). Ho Mlocmotpate, “To BBITBO- PAIOT CaMUbI THX ¢MHPHBIX>: TO HM Deno Nonnmisaiot GoKOM ApYr K Upyry, TpacyT TesloM H XBOCTOM, HocaTes Mo aksapHymy. Urpa waa apaxa? Toxanyit, Syn y meve- HOCues syOst UMXAKD, ABHO Got pasopsann “npyt apyra. Tea camua Go¥mosnix pbi6 Kpytatca pyr posne apyra. TinapuvKH pacnpapnentt, oK- packa spkaa. Mrpaiot. AB yray uuxnasoma pactonsipwsa xa6pst. Cepautcs: rypaMu tio- moGontiTcTEOBas, UTO OHA TaM jlenaer. Cep- qutes, Tpscer TWiaBHuKaMH, a rypamm — Hom BHUMaHHs, mponmbin MMO. 3a HEM apyraa uMxnasoma Tinier. Ysera repsyio —u waytex. Yro ee Tak ucnyraio? A Typamu, oH xpa6pee? Kpytutca, meabkaet nepet riasamu spxuti Kpacownniit nogpoAHEI MMp. PsiGst Boe Bpe~ Ma B ABWXeHHH. A YenoBex CuICRHT 3a 9THM KaseiMocKonioM H MoctenenHo cOpactiaer yerasiocrs. Xopouro. Kpacuso, 3axstHo, Ho 0 Wem AYMaeT OH, risus Ha 910 BeuHoe sewxeHne? PxiGka urpawor, secemsitcs, HO- catca HaneperonK. Bot Gessa6oTHas xusHs! ‘A moxer GbITs, XMBH y 3THX pBIG CoBceM re GessaGota? Moxer, 970 Mbt, sl0aH, Tlopofi cMOTpHM Ha MpHpony Gessa6oTHLIMH masamH? Hovemy? Ma HMeHHo noromy, To He YMeeM galapaTs oTOT Bompoc. Cro Tees samZeM Mel MHOMa Nipupone, a uHoraa Hu ogHoro. Tyr yx 11e110 He B psiGax, a B Hac caMMx. «Moxto 4acaMn cHieTe nepen aKBapHyMon W cosepliath ero TnyOHHBI, TOWN Tak xe, Kak MOLonry cMOTpeTb B MaMa XXHBOTO Oris WI B BOR HHOBepratoMleroca ToToKa, — numet Konpag Jloperu.— Bce cosuatens- Hble MEICHH OCTABISIOT BAC B OTM MMHYTEL a6comotHo GesyyacTHOCTH, HO B 3TH Mo- MCHTBI BbI YYHTECh MOsHaBaTb UeHOl Kaxky- meficn MpasaoctH uenHeriMHe HCTHIEI 0 cylunoeTH MHKpo- H MaKpoxocma. Ecau GpocTs ua onwy “amy Becos Bce To, 470 a yovan 9 KHMr B OnGqHoTeKax, a Ha Apyryo — Te sHAHMs, KOTOpbe a0 MHe UTeHHe , — Hasep- veka BTopas aula MepenecnT>.PbIBbI ‘bt NOpOH M CAMH HC SHACM, 4, BOSMOKHO, MpOCTO He sa- JYMDIBACMCS Han Tem, WeM HAC npHanexaet axsapuym, Bocxmma- eT KpacoToH nomsoyHoro Mupa, panyer ras pasnooGpaanem (pope. mM xpacox psi6 m pacrenuit? Ha- BepHoe, BCe STO ecTs M AeficraN TeNbHO HeMano 3HauMT. Ho TAapHoe, HeCOMHeHHO, B ZpyroM. Hac marr nocrosno wersioma- SiC KAPTHHA XKHOHH OOiTaTencit axnapuyma, Hx nopeneme. Or Muorax moGrTencii MoxHO YenBUNaTD paccKasst 0 HaGmORe- HHSX Sa OBERCHHEM CBORX TH tomucs. Mnorna Gninator xpaitne MusTepectite ONMCAHMS, LeHHbIe ¢ ‘TOUKM 3peHHS HayKH O rlonere- HMM -xXHBOTHBIX — oTOMOrHH. Bomb axsapuymunic pubs 8 oto. OTHOMICHHH HByHCHBI ONeHS cna- 60, Toxo HeMHOrMe BHybI pac- NpOCTpaHeHHKx y akmapuyMucroR puiG cram oGeexramet creusams- oro Mccmejonainis. Qro sonoTLie PuiGKH, TpexuTme KoMOMKH, o7- Temubte mb a6upueTossix, yout, Kaprionux, xapanuno- wax. lo muorux apyrux y cne- uvaaueTos, "TO Hasbmaeres, no- xa «pyku He youu. Ja x Tomy 2ke 9TONOrOB valle stTepecyer HE NoseneHne OTAeMBHOTO BHA HO CEM ero pasHooGpasHis, a Gonee ‘oGuye Hompocet, wanpunep, 3a- KOHOMepHOCTH crafioro nozene- HHS pBiG, HX KOMMYHHKAKHA, cmocoSuocr# x Hay¥eHIAO H 7. x. ‘Tonio axsapuymacrst-mo6yre- JIM, MMEIONIME BOSMOKHOCTS 190 ANG 8 1eHs HAGMORETS 38 CBOHMH, nogoneunsnaH, SHBIOMHE HepeRKO Kaxayio puidy «D aHO*, auaKo- MBle C HINMMBHIVa.nbIIBIME OcO- Genmoctan pix6, MoryT mpst 2xe- 4 HaOmonaiitre 3a CBOMMH TIMTOMLaMH naHwM HM OnpeneacHHOH noaro- TOBKe mposecra cxpynyzesune waSmogenusi, onucate ysumen- Moe, nonoxHns Taxi o6pasom Haury OSuly1O «konMKy> sHaHHii © movenerm psx6. A ora *xonnaa> cnocobua BMECTHTS eme MHOro meTepecHO- ro. Bpems or spemenn 8 smHTepa- Type nosansiotca (baktsl, KoTO- Be He mpocTo HonOAHSIOT HANIA npeacrannenus 0 psiGax, Ho naxe cepsesHo usMenmoT Hx. Baste xora 6st enoco6ocTs pri6 x o6y- yenmi0. B TeqeHHMe MHOrHX 2eT, XOraa MCCMENOBANH BERHCH C MpMMCHeHHeM TpARHUHOHHDX MeTORMK smipa6orKH ycnomMix peaxui no Tasaony, pa cun- TIM BeCbMA HMaKOOpraHMaoBaHt- Mein cyulecTBaMa, He cnocoGiHEt- Mat K nuIpaGorKe cnomHEIX roRe~ REWIeCKHX aKTOB. Boxee nosmme uccnenonanna, Mposenenusie ¢ noMomMo —pas- AWSHDIX HOBDIX MeTORMK, NoKasa~ a, 470 MICHXAKa pBi6 sBHO HeTO- ouennsanacs. Eure no noxyyenns Pesymbratos oxcnepumentos B ‘erporo Kortponmpyemsix na6opa. ‘TOpHBLX YOIOBHSX TO MOYBCTBO- sam paiGaxn, Kora y Hix crane peako maqam yous B Mecrax cKommeHHa pw6. Hawa spisc- ‘HST mpHunuy. Oxa3zanoch, 4TO MpoMsICrOBsIe psiGet, ofuTaxoMHe TOMMe DORM, HaywnTNce pasmt- ‘arb MO xapaxTepy myMos TH cynma M npi npyGmexexum tpa- yrepa onycKalorcs HMLKE ypoRKs, Ha xOTOpOM TaHYT pan; np MPOXOKTEHHM 2Ke NACCAKHPCKHX ¥ TpysoBbix cypos pwiGor He Me- nawor rayGuent, MporonKas Kop- marca. Tlonas 8 tpan Wm ® pyre ceTibte opynus osa, onm T. Bepuununa Mocxonexii soonapx, A. Mewrxoea Kana. Guoxoruvecknx nayk, MY cram sospems pacnoananars omacuocts mM . yxonMTb arlepen, yoenmuusan CKopocTs, a mpi 0- Be B MOBepxHOCTHEIX coax BOmE, YxORMTE, (M., «Mup»,1981), ynomomaer 0 ton, wo B KOHKypce Ha BAKAHTHOe MecTo mpeccuposmynxa zennipunos no6e- AMA Hexuit MOnODOM YenozeK, NPozeMOuCTpMpoBaBMIMi cBOK cnoco6nocr x npeccuposke »«H- Borax Ha psi6ax. K npawepy, TynMM y Hero s10BKO nlepeckaKH- BAM wepes CHMUKY, BbiMpsIrMBas HOBOMBHO BEICOKO HS BOT. Tlonpaxanve psi6 apyr Apyry, TpHueM He TOXbKO BHYTpH BHDA, Hom Mexuy Baan, wabmonacT- ca 8 mOOHTESCKOM axBapHyMe. Moxere axe socompsosatocs S10! cnocoBHocTsio ps6 B CHOMX murrepecax. Muorme axsapHyMHCTB! BBIHY>K- eubi Zavate puiGam cyxHe Kop- Ma. Hexoropuie suast, mpexne scero mrTaroMMMecs B MOBepXHOCT- HbIX CHOsX BORD, ero mepexo- eT Ha Taxylo Kopmexxy. [py- Tae, HANpUMep, COMMKH, MpHy'a- rorca ¢ Tpyg0m. Ho ecaH B oHOM aKBapHyMC cOMCpKATCH M Te H mpyrne, poem, xax npasino, ne sosmnxaer. Jone pi6ss, Bw, KAK muTaIOTCR OCTAMBERIe, TOXE ANMHAIOT TORHMMATKCE K HoBepxHOCTM H ecTe BMecTe co BCe- mu. Tipu oGyaennet conmxos pone yunreseit yenemHo pnonaior ‘oxHpopomK*, Hanpynep, rynmH. Wcnospays chenomex nonpaxca- nus, Moxso 6sicrpo npHyure PwG xopmurscs ua nogpeMeHnor B TONNE BOAbI creKAsHHOH GanKH. Crafimste psiGst, wanpumep, xa- PAUHHORBIE, KAK MpasH10, canoe He MOFYT HayuHTECS SANLILIBaTS B Gacy, vero He cKaxKeims 0 ryn- mH, meNcHocuax, enna. B TOMCKAX KOM «xMHOPORKH> 06- miapwaaior BcaKMe YKPOMHEIe Me- cra, ABHrASCe TIO BecbMa saMBIC- AOBATEIM TPACKTOPHHAM, 1 OOLIMIO waNMHaioT MHTaTECS M3 GaHKH B TOT Xe NCH, KAK HX NOMeCTST B axsapuym. Taga a mix, npy- re peiGnt, mHaNane THKARUMeCS Gecemsicneno & creKnaHMMe crenx, TOxe HaWHMaIOT samtt bare 8 Gauxy. Ecam xapaumonire conepyarca OTenbHo, a BAM x0- eres cnomssosaT» stot yn06- weit cnoco6 monaun Kopma (oco- Genno rpy6ownvxa) — noxcamre x uM HecKombKAX Tyr. Hl Tora BbI cMoxeTe HaGsmoqaTs, KaK Oti- rpo unet yue6a, ocHosanHas Ha nonpaxannn. Ominat npHmepamn mpi xoremH HOKa3aTs, Kak MHOTO HHTepecHOTO MoxHo o6Hapy>Kure 8 noseneNHit ps6, wx ncuxuxe, ecan mposo- AuTe uenenanpanrenme wa6m0- era. Pasymecres, cuayana nyxito MAYSHTECA SAMEYRTH MOAHCEE To BeHeHHs CBOMX MMTOMUES H YMeTm TONKOBO ONHCATS yBMIEH- Moe. 37@cs moMoxeT OmbIr Ha- Gmonenuit sa nonexenmem ppyrix B o6wem axsapuyne Romaunmx muToMtes — KourEH, coBaxn, xoMauxa, @ TaKXKE 3Ha~ KOMCTHO C KHMTaMMt M-busieMann © nosenennat >xuBoTHEIX. OT Tex umrateneit, KOTO wuTepecyer no- BencHMe pls6, MoI >RTEM THCeM ¢ onncanmem naGmonesni 1 npo- nenenmnx ommiron. HanGoxee i= Tepechite marepuaas 6yayT onyGarxosan. Cerogua sauremy sHnMannio npewraraerca samerka suoGwrens 2 Canxr-Tletep6ypra JI. Campo O nosezeHMH nonyraiunkon (Pelvicachromis pulcher) » nepu- ox Hepecta w sMpamunanns MasIBKOR. B xauecree KOMMeHTapHa same- THM cneqywouee. Asrop, paccKa- suisas 0 nonyrafientkax, vnrrep- sPBIBbI & mperupyer Mx monezenMe KaK apaxy. Ha canon xe ene 970 oaement GpasHoro moseyenus — weoucrpauna «arpeccuu>. O Gauskom Hepecre canaereLcTBy- er nosencHHe camKH — BHGpupy- TOUINe TaHKCHHs GpromKoM, oz mexcnnpte astopom. He cromr cuMTaTs, "TO Ha6mozasmasca xapTMwa nonenenMs — OnWA M3 Muorax Konait KAKOrO-T0 eAHHCT- BeHHoro opurawana (axTop, BM- RUMO, CUMTAET, YIO 2TO HMEHHO Tax). J[axke 3 TAKOM, OcHOBAHHOM a yocTaTowHo >xeCTxOM wacnez- croenHoit mporpamMe, TosenenHH, KAKHM siBaReTCA HepecToBOC PORMTeMBcKOe, eCTh HIOAHCH, 32- BHCAIINe OT LIeOTO pana O6cTOs- Tenscrm. Ito H KONKpeTuBIe yc- Tosus, 8 KOTOPHX HaxonaTcA npoussonresmn (ofsem 1 dopma axpapyyma, ero MHTepLep, KOH ‘yecTao M_ cocran pbi6-cocencit Tu), H HMMHBHAyARbHBIC OCO- Gentiocrn wx camnx (yposcits 1pe- BOKHOCTH, ArpeccMBHOCTs, Ho3- pacr, ycxORMa pass, onbIr, criocoGuocs x oByuenvao 4 mp.). B 1973 roay » -xypHase «Psi- Gononerao 1 puiGononctao Gemia ony6xuxopana cranes B. Torano- Ba «Mon moGumust-moryraiat- xu», Hike, Hapany ¢ saMeTKOi J. Crmpo, nyGnuxyercs stor marepuan. Cpasirre 06a Ha6mo- Renns. Pasnwume B moseyennn ‘oGeinx nap pss conepmienno ove- BaaHO. He yaveyncsa, ecm, mpoynras o6¢ my6auxauym, xro-To HS un rarexcl ceasker: +A y MOHX 10- nyraiumkos 6u10 TO-10 HM TO-T0 muauer. Bee sepno. Tax ™ n0a- aKHo Opis. Beab 8 mpouecce 920- NOW KHOTHBIE Hay WiLTHICH MpucnocaGawwarsca Me TONKS x nopropsiomumcs oScrosrenscream yenosusim, HOM x cHTyanHsM MMAMBHAYaNLHMM, B KOTOpH oH monazaror. ‘oHeUHO, IS paspezenua 1onyraiunxos (Pelvi- cachromis pulcher) nyame vieTe rpynnly Moxonbx pH wo 6—8 cole, Ho Tak NonysHgocs, 470 cMor ApHoGpectH ‘Toko ofHy Na- PY: caMKy pIKHOH 4 caHTH- Merpa uw camua — 4,5 can- TuMerpa. Tlonan s akrapuym, rfe 2AM cyMatpatickHe Gap6y- bl COMBI TopakaTYMbI, T10- nyrafuHKH moHayany He 06- paulaid BHUMaHa ypyr Ha apyra. Ho enycta neckomeKo acon OHM HavanH xpatecs. 370 mMpononxanoch oKoNO apyx weyenb (y WHXNH 7Ta- koe ObipaeT, ecm napa Tio noOparia ucKyccTseHHo). B dpake caMKa jlewaJia BHOpH- PYIOUMe EWKeHMs, BEITHCas Gpiouxe. THosxe | eeiacnn- Bock, TO 3TO Mponcxonmt wesamionro lo Wepecta. Menpure em 3a Mecalt NOnyraHuHKH OTHEpecTHHeb Ha BHYTpeHHIO —MoBepx- 6 TyapHoe — Bce yBHeTb HocTs UBeTOUHOro —ropunKa, pacxonorore niononam. He- pect mpoxonun tax. Camka Banqmipana ® THesno H, me PcBepHyBuINcs BBepxX G6promi- KoM, HaHHana Kpyroabimi, TBUKCHHAMH BOTT aliie- KNafoM MoO NoToKy ropulka. Yepes onHy-TBe MHHYTBI ona BuInmbiBana, WM BHYTP» 32- nywipan camel. OH Tak >ke BonAN GproUIKOM MO Kpyry, onsonorsopas uKpy. 3aTem cosa 8 rHesjo. 3aruasinana camKa, a mocne Hee — cameu, ‘Tak moptopsitoc He exombKo pas. Hepeer aimaca Pelvicachromis pulcher A. Cnupo ¥. Cankt-Herep6ypr oxono vaca. Hxpy pwGxi PACHIOUOXWIA POBHEIM Kpy= TOM jWMamerpom oKoI0 3 cantumeTpos. Tlepsyio Knanky poantean cuenm, CamKa oxpyraasace Bee Gonbulle, H pEIOX yxe vagonro ocTapanuch BuynpH Topuia. Yepes 17 aHeit ont otHepecruce. Camka o6Ma- xMBana MKpY TaBHHKaMH, Cosnapas TOK BOM, a camel oxpaxisin nioqerynb! K rHesay. TipumepHo Ha werneprete CYTKH 13. HKPBI ToRBHHcs AMSHEKH AHO no 1 MHA aumerpa. Ha marie cytkH8. Homanoe, MOM JWOBHMUbI—MOnyrAmynkH, HeKoTopble H9 HX MEITAMHCS BUILT 3 THesDa, HO caM- ka xparasa Wx pTOM M YHO- cusia_ o6patno. Yepes nesats vei nocne Hepecta MambKH TOMTBLTH. Camka BomHia cTaio HS TpHOUATH MANBKOB 110 ca- Momy quy, He —monycKas, aTost | OHM MOAHMMAZMcy peepx. Maku Kk 9ToMy BpemeHM ocTarm puranet 5 MHnHMeTpos ~M mpHoOpemH Kpanuatyio oKpacky. Camel orrousit Bcex moqIMsiBa10- max pao Korna yTpom skmowasn cser, pomTeaM BBIBORHAK cao’ nloToMcTa0 3. THesTa. Cama oObIIO HaxonHNack Breen, came moprouan oneTapullix MamEKoB, Ho sor moviogb craa [0- cTaTOWHO aKTHBHOM M Hauana YMabIBaTe CMHUIKOM BBICOKO i aanexo, Poureasm npuxo- Avie JIOBHTS €30e ~TOTOM- tbo — OHM KaK-To ompene- ast, Ha KaKyio abicory MoxHo MloaHHMaTEea ¢ Mame Kami B SaBMCMMOCTH oT HX Bospacta. Ml mpucyrerpua HpyTHx pi B akBapHyMe. Ha wieeroft news cameu camka BMecTe ¢ BEIBODKOM noauumanuce Ha 20 caHTH- Merpos or jHa. a OucHe mHTepeco Ha6mi0- fat, Kak MonyraiiwHKH oT- TyTHBaIoT MocTOpoHHAX pb or anbKos. Tlotemnes pacnycTus TWaBHHKH, OHM MeWJICHHO MNIBIBYT BHHS Tovlo- Bor, a SaTeM aTaKyioT MmpH- ureme1ta. Ha necarsiit nenb ManbKH naapan Ha petcote no 25 cautumerpos. C 9Toro Mo- Menta Cran fasats uM pesaHoro MoTBUIa Ha narnamatsiit newb po- AMTeAH ¥Ke MeHbue cneaHAK 3a Mononbio. ManbxH Houe- Bam He B THesfe, MapanK He B cTae, HO Ges ponuteneit spuue vem Ha | caHTMMeTp ot awa me monHuManuce. K STOMY BpeMcHH MHOrHe 3 HX JocTHTNH caHTHMeTpo- Bo 7IHHBI. Ha 22-4 yee camen yxe Konouwics —B THESE, Ho;IrO- TaBnMpas ero K HOBOMY He- pecty. B Bospacte verbipex Hezenb MaNEKH [OCT noayTopa cantHmerpos. Tenepb 9a HH- MH Ke HHKTO He oxoTHIeA, Hol Gea cTpaxa monHHMa- mMcb Ha BeicoTy 30 caNTH- Metpos. PakrHeckH KOHYH- mach W ponmrenbckas omtexa. K sromy Bpewerim cawKa TIO Tepsna cpolt 6pauneit Hapa. Ha 43-i netb y ManbKoB Bylome Tema mlosBunacs wep- nas nosoca. nana wx yxe Gvina 1,8—2,2 cantamerpa Yepes pa Mecsua MCxIy pbi6kaMH cam BooHMKaTe crsiukH. Miore 3 HHX 20- ctwram 2,5 cantmerpa. K nonyroay pbiOKH BEIpoCAH no 4—5,5 cantamerpa. Bee TO BpeMA OHM HaXonHAMch BMecTe C¢ poflmMTensmm ManbKaMa oT — caemyromtero Hepecta. B sasepuienme KparKo oc- TaHoBmioce Ha YcnOBHaX co- jepxana mionyraiiwukos » MOeM aKBapiyMe: o6tem — 57 nwrpos, temmepatypa a0- me 26—28 °C, pH 4—S, xecTkocte 1,5°. Pacrenust nonyrafiunkn He —Tporas jake BO BpeMa Hepecra. Pelvicachromis puteher, sam nonyrafiunKH, KaK m060p- Ho HasbiBaioT HX JOOMTCAH- aKBapHyMHcTH, — oven MpuBsAcKatTenbHbIe pHOKH. 370 om MO MenKHX BHJOD unxqn. SipKas oKpacka, JerKO pasmHTHMBII Ton, jer KocTs 8 passeyeHHH — sor HenoJHBIA MepeveHb ocTo- vucTB, Gaarojapsa KoTOpLIM psOKa nomsyerca SomBuNoit TonyaspHoctsio y akBapuy- MuCTOB. nonyrav4nku Y ce6a Ha ponmue, B Gac- ceiimax pex 3anantio# Ad- prku, P. pulcher oOwracr 5 Tycto sapocuiet yactH Bono- ema, mont HeSonbuIHe yua- CTKH MomBogHoro nanauiad- Ta, Te pactHTenbiiocth co- MeTaeTcs € OTKPbITHIM TpyH- Tom. B oOilem akBapHyme yxuBaeTca c MOGsIMH apy- TuMH paGamn, Oya’ To apy- THe WHXNHgEI, Gapéycst, Ja- Oupuntostie 1H xapalHHo- Bale. Mon sroOuMuUbI- B. Tlomanoe Y Mews pspocnaa napa P. puleher waxonumach B oatiom axpapuyme (100 x 35 x 35 catTHMeTpos) c¢ xapa- UMHOBLIMH pEIOKaMH. 3necb GiinM MeuMNOSpHKoNEI, Masb- MepH, lYeXpHNHNMUCHI, Kpacuste, TonyOsie, vepHbie W sereHbIe HeoHB. JMO Osi- HO TIOKPEITO TlecKoM cpeaHeti paxusn (4—5 Muanumer- pos). B omHom yray 9 TocTaBHa BEepx AHOM wBe- Tounbiit ropulox, npeqBapH- 1PbIEbI & Tempio BEINHTHB B ocHoBa- HHH HeGonbuloe §oTBepCTHe, NTOOs puIOKH MOTH cBO- Gono Mponmmieate BHYTPE, 3B ApyroM — coopyaHa Hs Kamneit HeGoabuyio newepy, uro6s! pH Hepecte OHM mora ppi6pats ecto ja Knamki wKpét. B npHponiix YonOBMaX ON OTKNAMbIBAIOoT HKpy Ha BHYTpeHHIOIO cTO- poHy KaMHs, Tlogkanbisas Noy Hero HopKy. Tlepsoe spemsa psi6xu nna- Banu, we oGpaulaa BHHMa- HMA Ha MOH coopyxcHHs. Ho onnaxast a 3aMeTHa, 4To Bee oOHTaTeNH saKHMa- foT TOKO WacTe aKBapHy- Ma, a kolo uBeToUNOro Topwka cyeturca monyraii- uuk-camen. BujuMo, oH cuen ero Gone yno6ue1, Mem coopyxeHHe 43 Kamncit. Buayane oH pacuinpHa mpo- XON- OKONO OTBepeTHs, YTOGEI aerve O8ia0 mpoaesats BHYTp ropulKa, gaTeM cam sa6panca Tyza. Tepsoe spe- Mi OH 4TO-To_coopyxax BHYTPA: 3 OTBepCTHA TO M Tleno BBICoBbIBanacb ero MopouKa H_H30 pTa JIcTeNH MecunnkH. BepostHo, came PacdHulal NoWlaaky BHYTPH Topwka, roropa rHesyo wit ceoeli Sysyule —nogpyru. Barem om mepeuen x oT- genke nomeutenus. Prom of TutaTeMbHO O4HCTHA oGm0- Gopatiyio YacTh BHyTpeHHeH NosepxHoctH 3XHNHUA oT MHKPOCKOTIHYECKHX BOROpoC- Jet MoT MMwHero HaneTa. Ero nompyra sce 9To Bpems waxomiacs cHapyxu. Xora ova M4 Denana nombTKH npo- HUKHYTS BHYTPb mlOMeLICHHS, camel, He MycKan ec TyN HapepHoe, He BCe Ob170 To To00. Tak nponomkanocs _ apa aus. Korma riesgo 6sin0 3aKoHYeHO, camel mpencras nepeg caMKoli BO BCeM Be- auxorenun. [la ¥ ona crana oueHB KpacHBOl 6B cBOEM Spaynom napane: nmasnHK pacnyuienst BecpoM, BprouIKo CBeTHTCA sApKHM MlypnypHEIM TATHOM, Ha CmMHHOM Tap HUKe TOpHT sonoTas c Hep- 8 HoH oTopouKolt monoca, a Ha KOHUe ¢ro — UBa YyTOoub~ HBIX MIATHa, MepBble Yun TpYAHBIX TWaBHHKoB HeSec- Ho-roay6oro sera. Tlocne Hepecta camKa caMell MOMeHSMHCk MeCTaMit: ona HaxonMmach B rHesze, o6MaxHBaa rpynlbIMH Mna- HHKaMH HKpy, OH CHapy:kH oxparian miotomctso. Ecn caMeu 9aNmmeipan —BHYTPS TopuKa, caMKa BHITOHSIA ero. ixpunxu mio dopme 4 OKpacKe HanloMHHaoT —Ma- TeNBKHe PHCoBBIe SepHBILIKH. Yepes TpH-verbipe HS BBI- kaionymuee muuHHKH. Tep- Boe BPeMA OHH BHCeENH Ha crenxe ropuixa, satem 10- najana wa qHo. CamKa BI pea sMKy B rpyHTe co6pana Tyna amuntiox. Ha 5—6-t nem Onn mpespa- THINCh B MAJILKOB MMH HANH TOpHSOHTAMBHOe TONO- >oxeHHe, Uepes cytku-npyrue camKa HAWasIA OCTOPOXHO BEIBOAMTS Manskos 3. y6cxwIla Ha nporyaxy. Tlepsoe spenst ona Haxonwnach ¢ HAMA okom0 rHeana, "Tost B cHy- Nae onacHoctH enpsaraTh Hx Tyga. Maku sce spems Hepxauch miorHo craikol no Gproukom camKn. Ca- Mel B 370 Bema Guin palo, oxpaiaa x. [pn NpnOawxeHHH ApyrHx —pbi6 K oxpalisemoi sore om ne- Tasca arpeccHBHbIM: pacny- ckan MmaasHMKK H Gpocares HM HaBcTpeyy, fasad mo- HATS, TO 9TO ero TeppH- Topun uw ApyrHM —piGam HaxouuTbcs —3zecb_HeBe30- nacho. Yanyes rposno wa- ctpoetHoro camila, Bcakas pria, naxe Gonbiuas, o6ut4- Ho ynananack. Eenw xe Npwurenen Bee »e sanmeBan B sony, XOSRHH KHNaNCA WorOHSTS ero HK Mpecuesiosan Ho Tex mop, nloKa Tor He YxouM. ¢ Teppxropun. Bwisano M Tak, 470 caMell, Nornapinics 3a. oHM¥HKOM, Mponyckan apyroro Hapywin- Tema rpaHHubl. B TakHx caywasx caMka cama mpo- Touma Henpowerioro roca. ManbkH 8 9TO BpeMa 9a- TaHBaHCh cpeaH TecuHHOK TpyHta, M HX TaM TpyaHo Gsino oGHapyxute. B onan- Mwe or caMua caMKa fa- Beko oT MamnbneH He OT- Minbipana, ona TOABKO My- Tama Bpara cBoHM rposHLiM BHIOM H TYT 2Ke BOSBpA- manach Hasan. Tlepssie HM ManeKH mH- TasMCb SOOTLIAHKTOHOM, — KO- Tops HaXOAWIK B GONbILIOM KONMYecTSe 8 MIPHONNBIX cmoax axBapwyMa. 3aTem wx wavai KOpMHTb ponMrens: OHM nepeTHpanH Bo pry MoTHINa = TpySouHHKa BRINJeBHIBAIH KAUIMUy B cratixy ManbKos. Ba 10—12 anek manoxw sbipocna fo 8—10 munau- MeTpoB. Mintepectio Geno naGnio- nats, Kak pomHTenH ppems OT BpeMeHH MeHANHC po- asamu, Bot caMka KopMuT Mabie, a Tak Kak [o- Gnusocra Het aparos, camen, Toxe MauMHacT oTpbirnnaTe wm Kawnuy. [lo Kaxomy-T0 BHYTPeHHeMy croBopy ponH- TenH Bapyr cOmMxaloTcs, H camKa, cienas peoKoe [H- 2eHHe, OTI/IBAeT B CTO- pony. Taxol pbisox HyxeH Wa Toro, 4To6s!_ acts MambKos Me Monmbita 3a nei. Ho nono6nbic samenst Geipaior penko. B ocHoBtiom camka yxaxHBaeT 3a no- TOMCTBOM, a caMel oxpa- HseT ero OT mpyrHx pLid. Ha Hou Bce ceMelicTBO, KpoMe camua, mpayetcr B yOexnute, Vinorja mexay poguressmu Mpowexonar ccopsl, KoTOpHe janeKo We scerma sakanuH- pawotes Gnarononyuno. Tax, BO BpeMA Tperbero Hepecta & peulwn oTOSpat TOKO 40 MOMBIBLIHX — ManeKoB. Mie yaanock orsnews caM- Ky, MS OCTOPOXHO BBIJIOBHI MX crexasHHol Tpy6xor 8 Sapanee mpuroroanennyo HeGombilyo cTCKAAHHYIO Ganky ¢ soso M3 9Toro 2Ke akpapHyma. Kakoso xe Obio «yHB-JO. Casyiirewcoe, ANTEPOHOT BEJIOKAFMOBbIML JeHue> caMKH, xKorga ona He Haulia Ha MecTe cBOHx Manbuuelt. Ona ono myia- Bala Hal Tem MecToM, re WX ocTaBHla, Ho, yebl, Tam wmKoro HC Obiio. Toraa ona ctana waOpacbipatica Ha camtla, , BHMMO, Tpe6o- Bala, UTOGs oH Toxe HcKa nponasuinx maneKos. Camka ONO Kpyxwa Han OAHMM Mi TeM 2X¢ McCTOM M HHKyna ve ormmisana. Caen Toxe Guin arpeccusio uactpocn. On noanmiman K caMKe HM xax 6st cnpawiean: «He naunuce?s. Hoayuun 8 oT- BeT 4HeT*, OH SIPOCTHO Ha- Gpaceisancr Ha BccX pbi6, KoTopbie NonananK 8 none ero. apenna. Tak mnpojomxKanock wenbiit seuep. Ha cmegywulee yTpo % peulMs ycrioKoHT ponure- sleit 4 RepHyT® UM MambKoB. Tipumyr wna wer? [pu mo- MOULH CTeKIAHHOH =TpyOKH MaxeKH OBIT BEINYUeH! Ha To xe ecto. OHH cpasy onycTHnHch Ha rpyHt, Ho, yBWIeB CaMKY, BMHYNHCh K Heit, Ta, B cBOow oNcpCAE, Toxe nonauina ancrpeyy. Bravane ole Ha6pocacs Ma HX HM cTana co6MpaTs prom. «Hy, — ayma1o, — Ree, crema. Cmorpio, ner. Vso Ta MamBKH CTANH TlosBAIRTS- ca o6patiio, TonpKo nocze 9ToH Mpouenypst caMKa yc- MoKoWacb M CTana KOpMHTe ux. Ecrecrsenuo, m cameu Goin pan, uT0 Bce cemeficrso B cOope. ArpeccusHocte er Mponana, w oH Toxe mpH- HANA 3a Kopmatctine. Yepes teKoTopoe Bpema nce cemefictso mnapao Kak HH BYeM He Osipano. Y MamuKos Gsuno esqysuleeca Sprouixo: OHH Haun ero ponwtens- ckoH «kauter>. Tlocreneno ManbKH, mna- Bai B oGuielt cTae Ton oxpano#i poaurenefi, cam HaYUWIMCh HaxomWTh KOpM. Ecna mM rposmma onac- WocTk, OHH Meno npsta- JHCL B pacteHHaxX HAH sa- TaMBasMch Ha Tpytte cpeqH necuntoK. Cnycta Mecsi craa Ha4ana pacnanatsca. Manexu ace Tanbuie HW faneule oTnbi- Banu ot pomuteneit. Lpyrne PHOKH MX He TporanH, fa M OM He Mpatanuce ot HUX. Ay pogureseit 8 310 BpeMs MosBuNach HoRaa 3a- Gora: cameu yxe nonHosnan Tapio onycresuee —ritesm0- york Hue, +PriGosoncrso m psi6ononcrson, N26, 1973 r. To- Apilcronotus albifrons, any, ofMH M3 rocnes- HUX HoBOceNOR MaMIMx aKsa- puymos. EnMnnuntsie oxses- Japst sToro BHA cTaNM To- aBnatben Y Hac B cepeaMHe BocbMHaccsTsIx ronos. Ho BICpBhIC =PaSMHOKHIM MX TONGKO B caMoM Haase 1990 roma B Jlenmurpane. Totom- 780 GbuIO Moay¥cHO oT Napbi Mpowsponutenei, W3 KOTOpEIX omtia oco6s Gina mpupesena ws Tepmanny, apyrat — 3 Tonzanman. Tpwksmt ynanocs NOAY4HTE ManbKoD, HB Aanbuelimem Obitlo cosqaHo MaToUHOe cTaro. B ectectsenntix yenosHax antepoHorst O6uTaIoT B Bep- xHeH H cpenHei yacTH Gac- celina Amasonxu (Ilepy, Bo- ATITepoOHOT Oen0KalimMosblit nueus, KoaymOus, Bpas- mus). On npesinouuraiot BouOEMbI C ME;YIEHHBIM Tede~ HMeM HW Tak Ha3biBaeMol «TemHoi sogow» (HauluM aK- BapMyMHcTaM ona wsRectHia Kak Topcoraniias Boma) cne- myioux mapamerpos: pH 5,8—6,5, >KectKocts — 2— 3°, Temmepatypa 26—29 °C. Pai6st nenyT Hownol o6pas XKWSHH, a cReTMOe BpeMst Mpononst 8 passMunbix. yK- pertaax (Geperonbix Hopax, Kopsrax), mpwyem Ha crporo onpencncHHoi Teppwtopun. TlwtawtTes B OCHOBHOM sH- MHHKaMH WaceKOMBlx ManbKamH pbi6. TMonopoit SpenoeTH MocTHraioT B Bospa- ete moayropa ner. Tipu copepxain 8 aKkpa- B HAYYHOW NAGOPATOPAM 40. Canyiinenxos WOMOX mm. A. H. Cevepiione puyMe antepoHoram Heo6xo- TUMO cosnaTe yenosHs, 6H3- ke K ecrectseHibim. O6s9a- TenbHo JOMKHO OsiTs RocTa- Towne KOJMUeCTEO YKpEITHH, Muave CTBIUKK Mexily psi6a- MM HeusCexubl, KopMute Ha- HO KaeCTBEHHO M pasHoo6- paswo (MoTBIb, TpyGoUHHK, kopetpa, MasbKH, — MOmWIIO~ cKh) 4 nyuute — GanKe x Bevepy. Ho camoe npucraasioe BHUMaHHe crenyeT ylensTe pram mp miogroroske x Hepecry. Tonoso% mamopcwsm y an- TepoHOTOB MpakrHueckH He aeipaxet HM CaMOK MOXKHO OTAMYHTS ToMbKO mo Gomec oKpyrnomy Sprouxy. Cyute- cTByeT HW TeXHHYCCKHi cro 9 Oy ee oe ee ela ue oePbIBbI & co6 onpexenenua mona, An- TepOHOTE! HMeIOT opral, re- HepHpylouli cna6sle oueK- TpMueckMe CHrHatbl, crepy- roulwe Cc onpeneneHHo va- crotoli. Psi6s noneayrotcs MMH TMs ToKauMM A KOM- Mynmkaunn, Yacrora ree- PHpoBanHia curHanon y caM- HOB CAMOK —B OGHUHBIX Yenosnsax ovens OuusKa, Ho B mepoa cospesana wac- Tota vMMyaBCOB YY caNOK yenuuupaerca H 4eM GrHxe K Hepecty, TeM ora pasHHua she. Ho soctionsgopateca STMM MeTOOM = MOryT He- MHOrHe, Tak kak it pe- THCTPAIINH CHrHaTIOR YHA cneitwanbias annaparypa. Beppe piia 4s cemeticr- sa Apteronotidae — Aptero- notus leptorhynchus — 6s1na passeneita & KoHMe cemusie- CATBIX FOTOS aMmepHkancKHMn YCHbIMH, — 9a NHMaIoMMDMca DueKTpopenentnel c1a60- SReKTPHMECKHX PHO (HMM it Obina ormeeHa pasHuua MexKJly CAMKaMi M1 caMlaMit 8 I¢pHon cospenania M He- pecta). To noctixexnH _peiGamu nonyroparonovasioro Bogpacra MOXHO MIpHCTYMHT® K cO- gaHuio ycnosHil, cruMysiu- pyiomax ‘epecr. Onrama.tb- Hoe cooTHoUIeNKe mpoxaB0- nutench —npa_ cama a ony camky. B ectecrse- HBIX YCNOBHAX _anTepoHOTsi PAIMHOXAIOTCA B CeIOH 0- nore. 3a 910 BpeMa eis! ycnesaior OTnoxHT® KP 2-3 pasa_c mltepsanom 30-35 anteti B nomauriax yenosnax caeqyeT COoqaTh CHTYalHlo, Sauskyio K — ecrecTBeHHoll, Dna orore HeoGxonumo o- cTeneHHo cHWkaTS yposeHb sonst B aKBapMyMe Tip on- HOBPeMCHHOM — HeGombuttom yeesucHMH —Temmeparyppi. Bra onepauna — sanHMaet okoui0 Mecana. 3aTem Ha- GuiiaioT T!aBHO OBBILIaT ypober soabi, A0GaBnax xH- CTHAMMpoRANHyIO Bony, IR vero MemomesyioT Tak Ha- suiBaeMyio . Texniveckne 10 pewenwAa secs woryr 6biTb PAGMHUHLIMH, TvaBHoe — no- OuTECA MMHTAHH CH/bHOTO noxns (Kaxqbii AeHb TaKaa yeraHoska jonxkHa paGorats 3—4 uaca). Megnennmit TOM YpOBHR Bont ocy- ulecTBaseTca B TeveHHe mBYX-Tpex_Hegenb. Hepecto- BEIM cy6cTpatom — cilyxat Kpyllkble KYCTA MHCTHH c MOIHOM KopHesolt cuctemois; MOKHO BOCTIONbSOBATECR Ml vexyceTpenmiim —cy6cTpaTom. HO CHHTeTHeCKHx HATCH, TpHKpermneHHiIx K nomias- Kam. O npu6nuxennn nepecta cpwmeremcTayet actor To- ceutenwe piiSamH Toro Me- cra, Kya GymeT ornoxera upa. Yro6s mpowssonutenu We chenm MKpy, 8 aKBapHy TloMeulaioT SauATHBIe CeTKM wIH TulacTHKoBbie —Tpy6xn HeGoattoro AHaNerpa. Tlonomunrensieine CTHMYs0M K Hepecty cayXHT MoUIHas aspauns, costaiomjas yuact- KM oc oTokom soy. [Las 2Toro 8 OMHOM M3 yon axpapyma romemiaor tie- ckonbko pacntiniteneh nomny, Hepect, xax mpa- BIO, Mpotekaer Ha cTpye BOMB 8 MIpeApaccseTHBe Ya- cet. Hxpa qosonio Kpyn- nas, cala6oKitciikas, >e.ITO- Batoro wseta. ILoqoBHTocT camok MoxeT nocTHraTs 500 HRDHHOK. Tlocae Hepecta npousaoaH- Teneli BMCAXHBAOT, a B aKsapuyMe cMeHSIOT BOLY, CHWKaIOT ypoRers ROMM TO 15 cantaMetpos vw yMeHb- marr ocseulennocrs. [Lia COXpaHeHHa HKpLI B BOY oSabsiot aHTHOHOTHKH Ht MetuseHossit cHHHit. Tipu 28°C umxySaunonnsiii ne- PHON MpomlomKactca KONO 50 yacos. B 310 Bpems HeoOxonHMO TWaTCAbHO cyc- AUT 34 pasBHTHeM KPI mM ypansT® norHOuIMe —AK- puHkH. Tlocne sitksiena amumiixut auo6aT ckansinpateca B Tua CTHKODEIX TPYOKAX, KOTOpHIC Hallo pacnowOKHTE TAK, TO- 6bi Ge1n0 ya06HO Na6.monaTs 3a cOcTORHMeM — MomogH. TipamepHo wepes 60 acon AWYHMKH MepexonsT Ha aK- ‘TuBHoe nnratine. Hecmorps Ha OBONBHO Kpynitbic pas- Mepil, OM yxKaaioTCa B MembYaiiuem — soonmanxtotie, Koamuectso KopMa nomxkiI0 Ouire nocTaTownbim, Tak KaK Gonsuyio YacTs Bpemenit AWMHHKH MpoBonst B yKpbi- tusx. TIpH Hefoctatke Kop- Ma YKDBITHR MoKKIO YOpaTb, Gnaronapa Yemy yaenuntes ReuratenbHas —akTHBHOcTD Monon#. Jlenate oto Haso ocTopOkHO, TaK Kak AWULH- KA HeoxXoTHO HoKHIaIoT O6- quo6onaHubie MH MecTa, Tip tonHouentiom nura- HAMM perynspHoi samene MacTH BOMb MalIbKM pactyt RososiHo Gsicrpo. B mecay- HOM Bospacre OHH jlOCTH raor Wintel 4—5 canta MeTpoR HM MpHoGperaior oK- packy 4 opmy R3poc.nix ps6. Haunnaa ¢ aByxmecs4nora Bospacta Mambkam a0 OGecneyUT ocTaTONHIOe Ko- MHMeCTBO YKPEITHII, TAK Kak B oTO BpeMa yxC HayAna- 1OTCA CTOIYKH MOKIY HMM, Tospasetca Mononb ¢ oT KycaHibiMa = TpyaHbIMH XBOCTOBLIMH TIABHHKAaMH, 470 oTHion’ He Ykpauiact akpapuym, KovetHo, onHcannetit crio- coS paspenena anteponoton AOBOALHO TPYs0eMOK. Ho 3a- TO BL He Mombyerece rie ToHoapHBIMH HHbeXUKAMH, TO MlogBonseT —nomyyHTE siloposoe 4 TlomHoUeHHoe To- ToMers0. A 070 xKpaiiiie BaxHo, ecau safatsca uenbio ’ sakpenuTh ana B HaulMx akBapyyMax. Bdec» o6umaxom anmeponome: (npumox peru Hanaii. Iepy). Apteronotus albifrons..KTO mbiTancx pasBo- ee MCKYCOB, 3HaCT, ¥TO nemo 970 Hempoctoe. HM na- JeKo He KaxMbIit MOxeT T10- keactaTb Tem, ‘Io nonyuiin OT OTHX BenHKoNenHEIX pbs miotomerso. TpyaHoct ga- kmowaiores 8 ocoSeHHocTsix mx GmouorMM mM BO MHOrMx MpYrUx TOHKOcTAX, KOTOpBIe Wano sHaTs. Emnnoro pykoponcTsa 10 pagwenenMio jcKycos HeT Osire He Moet, Tak Kak Kaxyas mapa myxgaerca B MHQMBUAyaIBHOM MOAXoNe. Tnapwoe, azo NoMHuTS, uTO YOuOBHS JOH ObIT® MaK- cuManbHo GnHSKK K TIpupoA- HIM: MarKaa Bowla, o60ra- mertiaa nYOHTbIbIMH Belle creamu, Temnepatypa 30 °C, Noctostivas aspalus, cna6oe KpyraocyTouHoe ocBemtenne (8 wart), Heme oao nax- Hoe TpeGonanne — THIIMHA. B xavectse Hepectoamka Hcronbayior aksapHym pas- Mepom 50x 50x60 canTH- Metpos. B Hero nomeutaior rawuanyr Tpy6y pbicotol 30 canTHMerpos, Ha KoTOpy!o Gynet ornoxena wKpa. Cpokn poctuxenus aucKy- cam MONOROH spenocTH sa aucsT OT ReNMUMHBI aKBapH- yMa M_ Temmeparypbi Boll. Tipu 30 °C & Combuiom Bo- joeMe caMultt cospeaaoT 8 Bospacte Toa, caMKH MecA- ua Ha jea panibule, 8 Ma- genbkom — 8 15—17_ meca- ues. Ha wepect ot6upaior SpKO OKpalllennbrx 1 3mOpo- BEX. pBi6. Yerkux mpwsnaxos mona y aMCKycoB HET,” HO caMubl, Kak MpaBysio, KpynHee H s10- 12 CekpeTbi Wuckyca Gactee camox. Konust aHaits- Horo HM CnHHHOrO n1aBHHKoB y WX BBITAHYTSI, OproLIHELe TaaBHHKH WIMHHee Hi UHpe. CamkH xpyrnee, Gomee mo- ABWAHBI HM Mere >KHBUMBEL (oro ompenenenne oriocutea ToMBKO K BIPOCTLIM OCOGAM). THoxGmpate mapy He HyxHo — pmi6st 9To cnenator camn. Came 4 caMKa OmKHBI vaiiTH pyr Apyra B ctae Ws WecTH-BOCbMH ocobeli H, KaK ropopst aksapuyMucrsi, . Cayyaetes, 470 HyxHO cpowHo onpenenut no nosy Tlonpocumx ps6. Torna mpH- Geraiot K TaKomy mpHemy. K Bapocmoi nape MoncaxuBaloT Mo OfHHO4Ke MOnOmEX DHC- xycon. Ta sspocnas put6a, KoTopas OTTOHSeT —MoLIORYIO or saHstoro Mecta, — o”Horo ¢ Hef mona. Ecam mapa moenaer ukpy WK MaNEKOB M 9TO Mpoyon- xaeten jake mocne nstH- wecTH KjaJOK, pbi6 crenyeT paccamHrs. He Gyzer aMwHum venoms gopaTe cTapEiit HcmiTannbstt enocod WMxNHAHHKOB — Ha BpeMa Hepecta saHapecHT® akpapHyM. Yaute cero mucKycHt Hepe- etsres pexepom. Tlocste He- NpononxHTenbHo — Gpawnoit Mrpbl mapa HaWHHaer 4Hc~ THT NloBepxHocte cyGerpata. Ba 30—40 mmuyr camxa or- xnamwipaet 0 250 HKpHHOK, Kotophie camel TyT xe ofl- A, Hoxnoe r. Moca aoyoteopser. Bate on npH- HuMaet Ha ces aa6oTy 0 Kyafike, TlocTOAHHO oOMaxH- Baa ce TpYAHBIMH MaBHHKa- Mu. CaMka MoXeT nonMe- HHT ¢fo AMWL Ha KopoTKoe Bpoma, Penko enyyaetes, 470 o6a maptHepa pMecte croaT y KaaIKH, H elle pexe cameu yctynaer sty pa6ory came, Tipw temneparype 30 ‘C x vicxony BTOpbIxX cyTOK vKpa Temiect, a uepes 54—56 va- COB HaMHaloT BBIKJCBRIBATE- ca nepsiie nuunukn. Mpous- RouTeNK HepeHocst ux Ha uuctoe mecro. B evene Nocneayioulux YeTBIpex CyTOK Napa MecKOJbKO pas tlepeMe- mtaet cB0e noroMetso, Yacto cnyuaetcs, 470, cHTbHO Ga- paxtases, JHYMHKa OTpLiBa- etca or cySetpata, Ho pomH- TenM ToT¥ac HaxomaT ce Ht BomsopsioT o6patti. Bot m0- MeMy Tak Heo6xoaHMo “HCTOe HO. Wi naxoneu, Hactynacr ca- Muli KpuTMuecKua Moment — Movloas MlepeGupaerca Ha po- aurenelt, WroGsl nuTarsca Hx KOXHBIMH — BAIeneHHAMH (cexpetom). B oto Bpema ce- MeficTBo HykMaeTcaA B cro- KOiHOM H paBHOMepHOM oc- pewenuH akpapHyma. Benaa Fonopa M TeMHOe Teo — TpHsiiak TeToBHOCTH putO K npvemy notomersa. Ecaw 5 Tleppbie Yacbl MANKH, BMC- cto Toro ¥To6b nepebpateca Ha ponureneli, crost B yrnax MAK HOCRTCR MO BCeMY aK Bapymy, oH oBpevenbt Ha ru6eas, Ueno 06 aroii ecoBenHoctH AUcKycos O6a- BaTeNbHO Hayjo NOMHHTE,| | uHave sac Gysyt mpecnepo- path Heyyaun. Ecam tlocmorpers wepes ay- ny, MoxHO YBHNeT, Kak mH TaloTes «COCYHKMS, ckseBbI- Baa mMUly c Tena poaHTenei. Spenuule 970 youBrTenbHO« He meuce witepeca nepena: 4a MambKoB OfHHM ponure- Jem sIpyromy. Pbi6a, roropas TIpHHATS MosoRb, no;rminaeT « mlaprnepy # cranosurcs panom. Cmensempiit ssuparu- Bact WU pesKO oTiibigaet B cropony. Poi ayekos nosH- caeT B Tonle Boz, a Yepes MPHOBeHHe BCe YxXe «CHNATS Wa exe Apyroro pomwrena. Ocno6onuBulasca pui6a Te- Tepp MOXeT ToccTb H CBO- Gonno nonnanars B stor nepwox camm ponw- ‘tenn east mano. Kopmuts 1x Hayo uMCTAIM Tpy6ouHMKoM, Ho HeCo/bULMMH HopyHsiMn Morsiab x Koperpa Mano TpHrOBHet: Aeprasch B Bore, OHM pasmpaxait pui6, 4 Te yOuaioT Hx, He ctenaa, B pesynbrate noma ctanosutca MYTHOM Ecaw 3a Mambkamn yxaxKH- Bact Cnoxofinaa cnubHas napa, MoxHO He cneuMTs KopMseHHeM MouIonM. —PEiGsi Ges BeaKoro yulepGa sua 3p0- popsa KopMar 8—10 aHeit cBoe Sbietpopactymtee NoTOM- cro, Monon of xwaoit Ha HeyKuBYHBOH Tapst cslenyeT NOMKapManBaTe Ha stoi (a Tp HeoSxonumoctu — 4 Ha qpermii) gene Haynanamn uuksona H KosOspaTkKoi. OnsirHeie pHcKYcOBORb KaTe- TopHecKH MpoTHE KopMute- HMA ManbKos —HtysopHei. Yepes nenb-1Ba Moson’ ner- Ko Gepet aptemaio Mc aToro BpemeHH ee KOpMsT Mo MpaHunny: nyse MeHbme, HO ame (kaxypte 2 uaca). Hapsny c 2XHEBIM KopMoM MAJIK «rpeIgyT® 1 ponuTe- Jeli, 3a qpe HenenH pbiOKH Bit PactaloT AO NoyyTopa caHTH- MeTpoB, MlocTenenHo oGperas auckosumiyio dopmy. Onn CraHoasrea caMocTostTenbHtt- MM, HO Ip Mcnyre sosBpa- WawTCca Mo salllaTy powuTe- nen. To Mepe pocta Mozons nH- taerca sce Gonee xpynnsim xopmom. Hepes 40 mHeli ceK- per y mpowsnoqurenchk yxe He sbimenserea. Mamxn x STOMy SpeMeHH jlocTHraioT 3—3,5 canTuMerpa u nepe- craiot HYKMATSeR B pOTH- TesisckoH onexe. UM yxxe He onacia cmewa cpeatt o6uTa- nus, Ho ornasnusate 13 aK- Rapuyma caenyet He WX, a pontenet. Bens nofimars Byx ps6 mpome, a rnaBHoe, TIpowBROLWTeNH B HOBLIX YC- HOBHAX GbICTPEe MPMXONAT B Hopmanbiioe coctostiHie. Bameity soset B HepectosH- Ke caenyeT wa¥MHaTs onHO- apemenio ¢ KopMsierinem — cHawala MaJIeHBKAMM 03a MH, a SaTeM Bce OénbUIHMH. Bona onxia Gute ceobon. Hof or xsopa HM Tom XKe Temnepatypsi. Same Bonst A, Hoxnos. CEKPETBI DHUCKYCA He ToMbKO cnocoBersyer ron- Jepxanwi YMCTOISI B akBa- PHyMe, Ho mM GuarorBopHo BaMseT Ha annerHT H poct MAJIEKOB, Cuntaeres Hopmanbunim, ecnM AMcKycHt 3a Ton BbIpa- ctawt po 10—12 cantumer- pos. Jloxtop Hunec ytsepx- qaer, TO AMCKycHt ANMHO 3 motima (76 MunaHmerpos) CMocoOHist aBaT» NoTOMCTEO. AA toxe pynen Memkyio napy (came — 8 caHTHMeTpop, camka — yt Gombe) co craliko manbKos. Muorux axeapuymucros uH- ‘Tepecyer Hompoc: MoxXHO J BbIKOPMHTE MOON’ THCKYCOB Gea ponutenei? 3anaya cpepxcsoxias, 0 Bee xe, KAK OKAJaMCB, BbI- Tomnvmas. [lonrsepKiteHHem Tomy cayxKat jlocTwxeHus TAKX WOBECTHBIX JMCKYCOBO- no, xax Koppon pucyona, Max Tancept, Ipxex Bartaeit 4 Tanc-Teopr Terepemaii. Onnit 9 cnoco6os — «non- cyntyrb> Kaanky apyrofi na- 13PbIbbE id pe, Ho B MasICHBKOM s06H- TemBcKoM XossiicTAe 370 BPA IM BOSMOXxHO. Tpyroit cnocoé — asipaun- BaHne Ha McKyccTReHHoM xopme. Ho MB stom cnyuae axe mpm campix G6naronpH- STHBIX YCIOBHSX aKBApHyMH- cry mpegcrost HeMasisie uc- nbitania. Tipexse vem mono Opats KopM, KoTOpHlli coor- BeTcTBOBaT Ou ecTecTseHHomy, mpHxonutca saryOuT He omy coTHIO ManbKos. K Tomy 2% H Mpo- uece BBIKApMTMeANHs MomORH tpe6yer Gonbuloro Tepnenns. Ho xyxKe Bcero To, uTo AM ckycbi-eHcKyccTacHnuKu> & AaABHelMeM HE BbINENSOT KOKHOTO Cexpera jit cBOerO TloToMeTBa MH OHO obpeueHo Ha WeKyccTBeHHoe BEIKApM- aupanne. B 1968 roy puma we- Goneuas xHwxKa Koppona Ppucyoana «Kaxnpit moxer BUIPACTHTb IHCKYCOB>, B KO- Topo oGobuieH Gomee Hem. TpwauaTHICTHHH omer aBTo- pa. Ocoboe Biumanne ynene- Ho BBIpAMBaHKIO AUCKyCOB Ges ponurenet Merox @pucyoma saxmo- waerca 8 caleqyIOUleM. Cy6crpatom 8 Hepecta eayxu KycoK ulMbepa pas- Mepom 10 x 30 cairTumer- pos. Tlocne toro Kax napa OTmOxHT HKpY, cH alot He- CKOMBKO 4aCOB MoyxaxKHBAT 3a KnafKoi. Satem usmep, TOKppITbI MKPHHKAMM, —BbI- HMaloT H TloMeutaioT » cTexnannyto werbipexamrpo- Bylo GauKy c Bono us He- PecTOBHKa, ® KoTOpy! 7o6aR- Jest TPH sOKKH pacrsopa akpHaasuna (Be Ta6icTkH wa I nutp nom). Jlekapero MpenatcrsyeT _BosHUKHoBe- HHO THGcAbHOH nA HKpB mnecenu. Ms pacneinutena nonaetes cunetiax ctpya Bosnyxa, 6s1a- Tojaps vemy mona o6oraia- etc KMCHOpOROM, oGecrieuH- BAeTCA BIPABHUBAHHE ee 14 Temnepatypst (28 °C) no Beemy oGtemy, Ha MKpHHKH He ocejaior rocropoHHHe wa- cTHubl, yHocsTeR MeprEnie 1 maccupyiores -xuBBIe, Pac- MMT CTaBAT TaK, YTOOsI NYSbIPEKA BOsAyXa He Kaca~ AMCé UKPHHOK, Tocne sitkzeza (Ha TpeTsit cyIKH) AWHHKH Tayaiot Ha Ao M coOMpatotes B XXHBOM Kay6ox. Mx mepenocat 8 ereknannylo nocyny © moKa- TiMH ctenKama —(Battnett McTIOMayeT 9MaIMpoBAHHytO MMcKy), HarlonneHty:o cne- UHANbHBIM pacTBOpOM 1. pepaitunanua (cMecs j1Kc~ TWLIMpOBAHHO! A BOLOMpO- BOAHOM BOAbI B COOTHOWICHHH 1:1, B KoTopyio j06aBu1eHO nate Kamen MeTHeHOBOTO cuero). TMpensapHtemuo 8 eMKocTH yeraHapnusaiot Ta Kylo xe Temmepatypy, Kak B Hepectosuxe. Yposeith Bobi 2,5 cantumerpa. ®pucyonn moavepKusact HeoBxommMocts ckopelittiero Nepesoa MOnOAK B YMCTYIO sony. Yepes Hesemo ona yxe cBoGouHo mnasaer y moBepx- HOCTA BOM, HCHOMKya Ha- KJIOHHYI CTOPOHY eMKOCTH B kavectse onopet. Kenatens- Ho He GecnoKoHTs MasioToK fo Tex nop, moka >enTo¥- NbiFh MeWOK OKOHYaTeMbHO He paccocerca. Caeayoutie nate mei ca- Mole KpHTHeckHe. B stor TepwoR Mono nonxkHa Ha- uaTb MMrarecs: ceKperoM cBo- ux posureneii, Dpucyosy sa- MEH EPO SHUHBIM nopoul- kom. Cpapentoe BKpyryio sitio He Tomutes, Tak Kak XKENTOK CAMUIKOM cYX, pac- cumyar 4 manaet Ha amo, NlostoMy Herlonsayerca aH Hpiit MopomtoK, oBnanarounit xrelikocTBi0. Kopm na maqexos rotosst caenyrouyam o6pasom. He- Goabilioe KonuectRO aMuHOrO MopouKa sameummpaior Ha Bolle, BasTolk Ho HHKyGaTopa, 4 DeaaIoT O4eH’ TOHKHE «se- nemeuKH> juametpoM 1 caHt- tumerp. Wx npaxumawr NanbueM K cTeHKe, Tak WTO- Get om uacTHUHO BBIcTynaAH Hal MOBEPXHOCTSIO BOI HL ve cnonsanu. Paccrosnue Mexjly HAMM oKoO 5 cal THMeTpOB. Ha spema Kopnrewna aopa- uMio ~OTKMONaIOT. MansKkn, Tapaa Y MosepxtioctH, To- cTostio HaTbikaiores Ha nH mesyio maccy. Kopmaenve qumtca pa vaca. Totosst . Vsecruas eme ¢ qanuatsix roqes, ortenHas TeTpa (Hyphessobrycon flammeus), Hapsny c Heonamm 1 TepHe- UMSMH, Mpo¥HO sata cBoe MecTO B aKBapHyMax mO6HTC- nei Xapanuiny Beero MHpa, Pui6ka MpHBaeKatenbHa cpoeli ApKot oKpackoit (np Onaro- TpMATHBIX YCHOBHSX conep- xaHUs) HM, KpoMe Toro, sbasierca ANTepecHAIM OGEEK- TOM [IH CemeKUHOHHO-M1e~ MeHHoM pa6oret. Mosecriist cnyyan cxpeutn- BaHMA OMHeHHEIX TeTp c OnH3- KHMH BHaama —H. griemi, H. bifasciatus. 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