1psig 6894.

76

Flow Rate Q,Flow rate (cc/sec)Inlet pressure (psig) pa (g) pa atm Delta P
1.00E-08 0.01 7.35 50676.49 50677.49 50676.49
9.00E-08 0.09 18.3 126174.11 126175.11 126174.11
1.30E-07 0.13 24.65 169955.83 169956.83 169955.83
1.50E-07 0.15 30.1 207532.28 207533.28 207532.28
2.50E-07 0.25 40.6 279927.26 279928.26 279927.26
3.30E-07 0.33 50.2 346116.95 346117.95 346116.95
3.60E-07 0.36 56.55 389898.68 389899.68 389898.68
4.20E-07 0.42 65.25 449883.09 449884.09 449883.09

D (m) 0.045
A (m2) 0.0015906375
L (m) 0.09
Q kA(delta P)/ul
m= 1.05E+12
k= 8911521323997.5
89mD
 Delta P vs Flow Rate
4.50E-07

4.00E-07 f(x) = 1.04766717227781E-12 x − 4.70575272288872E-08

3.50E-07

3.00E-07
Flow rate(m3/s)

2.50E-07

2.00E-07

1.50E-07

1.00E-07

5.00E-08

0.00E+00
0.00 50000.00 100000.00150000.00200000.00250000.00300000.00350000.00400000.00450000.00500000.00

𝝙P(pa)
400000.00450000.00500000.00
 Sl krl krs ut hf
0 0 1 2.91181203E-06 2777200 Fl
0.05 0 1 2.91181203E-06 2777200
0.1 0 1 2.91181203E-06 2777200 3.00E+06

0.15 0 1 2.91181203E-06 2777200

Flowing enthalpy, kJ/kg

2.50E+06
0.2 0 1 2.91181203E-06 2777200
2.00E+06
0.25 1.52E-16 1 2.91181203E-06 2777200
0.3 0.0649350649350649 1 1.37569658E-06 1714721.9 1.50E+06
0.35 0.12987012987013 0.87013 9.38280783E-07 1327893.81
1.00E+06
0.4 0.194805194805195 0.805195 7.00793345E-07 1153489.68
0.45 0.25974025974026 0.74026 5.59243664E-07 1049539.55 5.00E+05
0.5 0.324675324675325 0.675325 4.65266792E-07 980525.559
0.00E+00
0.55 0.38961038961039 0.61039 3.9833026E-07 931369.24 0 0.1 0.2
0.6 0.454545454545455 0.545455 3.48231275E-07 894577.946
0.65 0.51948051948052 0.480519 3.09326512E-07 866007.376
0.7 0.584415584415585 0.415584 2.78241123E-07 843179.135
0.75 0.64935064935065 0.350649 2.52832981E-07 824520.106
0.8 0.714285714285715 0.285714 2.31676941E-07 808983.701
Rela
0.85 0.77922077922078 0.220779 2.13788024E-07 795846.581 1.2
0.9 0.844155844155844 0.155844 1.98463668E-07 784592.802
1
0.95 0.909090909090909 0.090909 1.85189274E-07 774844.458

Relative permeability
0.98 0.948051948051948 0.051948 1.78044105E-07 769597.245 0.8

0.6

0.4

0.2

0
0 0.1 0.2 0.

u_l 1.69332927475451E-07
u_v 2.91181203109552E-06 K
3000000
h_l 7.63E+05
h_v 2.78E+06 2500000
Kinematic Viscosity (m2/s)

2000000

1500000

1000000

500000
Kinematic Viscosity (
1500000

1000000

500000

0
0 0.2
 Flowing Enthalpy
3.00E+06

2.50E+06

2.00E+06
(𝑦−𝑦0)/(𝑥−𝑥0)=(𝑦1−𝑦
1.50E+06 hf

1.00E+06

5.00E+05

0.00E+00
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1

Liquid saturation

(𝑆𝑙−0.3)/(𝑘𝑟𝑙−0)=(1
Relative Permeability
1.2
−0.3" " )/(1 −0)
1
Relative permeability

0.8
krl
0.6
krs

0.4

0.2

0
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1
Liquid saturation

1 krl krs
Kinematic Viscosity  
3000000 t l s
2500000

 krl
Kinematic Viscosity (m2/s)

k
h f   hl  hs
2000000

 l 
1500000 hf

1000000

500000
Kinematic Viscosity (

1500000 hf

1000000

500000

0
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2

Liquid Saturation
𝑦0)/(𝑥−𝑥0)=(𝑦1−𝑦0" " )/(𝑥1−𝑥0" " ) 1

krl

0
3)/(𝑘𝑟𝑙−0)=(1
" )/(1 −0)

0.3 Sl 1

1-

krs

s
krl krs   1
hl  hs
l  s   
 t 
1
3000000

2500000

2000000

1500000

1000000

500000

0
0 0.2
 hf
3000000

2500000

2000000

1500000

1000000

500000

0
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2
Grant's Curves

Grant, M. A., "Permeability Reduction Factors at Wairakei," paper 77-HT-52, presented at AICHE-ASME Heat Transfer Confer

liquid relative permeability = S^4 This software is provided as is, and no claim is made as to
gas relative permeability = ((1-S)^2)*(1-s^2) the accuracy or suitability of this software. The user
where: S=(Sl-Slr)/(1-Slr-Sgr) takes full and exclusive responsibility for using this softwa
Please report any errors to support@thunderheadeng.com
Input data in the colored cells.

RP(1)= 0.250 (Slr)

RP(2)= 0.020 (Sgr)

Grant's Curves

1.2 k Rel Liquid

k Rel Gas

1
Relative Permeability

0.8

0.6

0.4

0.2

0
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1
Liquid Saturation

Sat Liq k Rel Liq k Rel Gas S REPL

0 0 1
0.005 0 1
0.01 0 1
0.015 0 1
0.02 0 1
0.025 0 1
0.03 0 1
0.035 0 1
0.04 0 1
0.045 0 1
0.05 0 1
0.055 0 1
0.06 0 1
0.065 0 1
0.07 0 1
0.075 0 1
0.08 0 1
0.085 0 1
0.09 0 1
0.095 0 1
0.1 0 1
0.105 0 1
0.11 0 1
0.115 0 1
0.12 0 1
0.125 0 1
0.13 0 1
0.135 0 1
0.14 0 1
0.145 0 1
0.15 0 1
0.155 0 1
0.16 0 1
0.165 0 1
0.17 0 1
0.175 0 1
0.18 0 1
0.185 0 1
0.19 0 1
0.195 0 1
0.2 0 1
0.205 0 1
0.21 0 1
0.215 0 1
0.22 0 1
0.225 0 1
0.23 0 1
0.235 0 1
0.24 0 1
0.245 0 1
0.25 5.35E-64 1
0.255 2.201E-09 1
0.26 3.521E-08 1
0.265 1.783E-07 1
0.27 5.634E-07 0.9999994
0.275 1.376E-06 0.9999986
0.28 2.852E-06 0.9999971
0.285 5.284E-06 0.9999947
0.29 9.015E-06 0.999991
0.295 1.444E-05 0.9999856
0.3 2.201E-05 0.999978
0.305 3.222E-05 0.9999678
0.31 4.564E-05 0.9999544
0.315 6.286E-05 0.9999371
0.32 8.455E-05 0.9999155
0.325 0.0001114 0.9998886
0.33 0.0001442 0.9998558
0.335 0.0001838 0.9998162
0.34 0.000231 0.999769
0.345 0.0002868 0.9997132
0.35 0.0003521 0.9996479
0.355 0.000428 0.999572
0.36 0.0005156 0.9994844
0.365 0.0006159 0.9993841
0.37 0.0007302 0.9992698
0.375 0.0008597 0.9991403
0.38 0.0010057 0.9989943
0.385 0.0011696 0.9988304
0.39 0.0013528 0.9986472
0.395 0.0015566 0.9984434
0.4 0.0017827 0.9982173
0.405 0.0020325 0.9979675
0.41 0.0023077 0.9976923
0.415 0.00261 0.99739
0.42 0.0029411 0.9970589
0.425 0.0033026 0.9966974
0.43 0.0036966 0.9963034
0.435 0.0041247 0.9958753
0.44 0.0045891 0.9954109
0.445 0.0050915 0.9949085
0.45 0.0056342 0.9943658
0.455 0.006219 0.993781
0.46 0.0068483 0.9931517
0.465 0.0075242 0.9924758
0.47 0.008249 0.991751
0.475 0.0090248 0.9909752
0.48 0.0098542 0.9901458
0.485 0.0107394 0.9892606
0.49 0.011683 0.988317
0.495 0.0126874 0.9873126
0.5 0.0137553 0.9862447
0.505 0.0148891 0.9851109
0.51 0.0160917 0.9839083
0.515 0.0173657 0.9826343
0.52 0.0187139 0.9812861
0.525 0.0201391 0.9798609
0.53 0.0216442 0.9783558
0.535 0.0232321 0.9767679
0.54 0.0249058 0.9750942
0.545 0.0266684 0.9733316
0.55 0.0285229 0.9714771
0.555 0.0304725 0.9695275
0.56 0.0325204 0.9674796
0.565 0.0346698 0.9653302
0.57 0.036924 0.963076
0.575 0.0392864 0.9607136
0.58 0.0417604 0.9582396
0.585 0.0443494 0.9556506
0.59 0.047057 0.952943
0.595 0.0498867 0.9501133
0.6 0.0528422 0.9471578
0.605 0.0559271 0.9440729
0.61 0.0591451 0.9408549
0.615 0.0625 0.9375
0.62 0.0659957 0.9340043
0.625 0.069636 0.930364
0.63 0.0734248 0.9265752
0.635 0.0773662 0.9226338
0.64 0.0814642 0.9185358
0.645 0.0857229 0.9142771
0.65 0.0901464 0.9098536
0.655 0.094739 0.905261
0.66 0.0995048 0.9004952
0.665 0.1044482 0.8955518
0.67 0.1095735 0.8904265
0.675 0.1148853 0.8851147
0.68 0.1203878 0.8796122
0.685 0.1260856 0.8739144
0.69 0.1319834 0.8680166
0.695 0.1380857 0.8619143
0.7 0.1443971 0.8556029
0.705 0.1509226 0.8490774
0.71 0.1576667 0.8423333
0.715 0.1646343 0.8353657
0.72 0.1718304 0.8281696
0.725 0.1792598 0.8207402
0.73 0.1869276 0.8130724
0.735 0.1948388 0.8051612
0.74 0.2029985 0.7970015
0.745 0.2114119 0.7885881
0.75 0.2200841 0.7799159
0.755 0.2290203 0.7709797
0.76 0.2382261 0.7617739
0.765 0.2477065 0.7522935
0.77 0.2574672 0.7425328
0.775 0.2675135 0.7324865
0.78 0.277851 0.722149
0.785 0.2884853 0.7115147
0.79 0.2994219 0.7005781
0.795 0.3106666 0.6893334
0.8 0.3222251 0.6777749
0.805 0.3341031 0.6658969
0.81 0.3463065 0.6536935
0.815 0.3588412 0.6411588
0.82 0.3717132 0.6282868
0.825 0.3849284 0.6150716
0.83 0.3984929 0.6015071
0.835 0.4124127 0.5875873
0.84 0.4266941 0.5733059
0.845 0.4413432 0.5586568
0.85 0.4563663 0.5436337
0.855 0.4717697 0.5282303
0.86 0.4875598 0.5124402
0.865 0.503743 0.496257
0.87 0.5203257 0.4796743
0.875 0.5373146 0.4626854
0.88 0.5547161 0.4452839
0.885 0.5725369 0.4274631
0.89 0.5907836 0.4092164
0.895 0.6094631 0.3905369
0.9 0.6285821 0.3714179
0.905 0.6481474 0.3518526
0.91 0.6681659 0.3318341
0.915 0.6886446 0.3113554
0.92 0.7095905 0.2904095
0.925 0.7310106 0.2689894
0.93 0.752912 0.247088
0.935 0.7753019 0.2246981
0.94 0.7981875 0.2018125
0.945 0.8215761 0.1784239
0.95 0.8454749 0.1545251
0.955 0.8698914 0.1301086
0.96 0.8948329 0.1051671
0.965 0.920307 0.079693
0.97 0.9463211 0.0536789
0.975 0.9728829 0.0271171
0.98 1 0
0.985 1 0
0.99 1 0
0.995 1 0
1 1 0
HE-ASME Heat Transfer Conference, Salt Lake City, Utah, August, 1977.

s, and no claim is made as to the

this software. The user
onsibility for using this software.
upport@thunderheadeng.com

TOUGH2 source code

Linear Function

liquid relative permeability increases linearly from 0 to 1 in the range RP(1)<Sl<RP(3)

gas relative permeability increases linearly from 0 to 1 in the range RP(2)<Sg<RP(4)

Input data in the colored cells.

RP(1)= 0.250 This software is provided as is, and no claim is made as to the
RP(2)= 0.020 the accuracy or suitability of this software. The user
RP(3)= 0.980 takes full and exclusive responsibility for using this software.
RP(4)= 0.750 Please report any errors to support@thunderheadeng.com

Linear Model

1.2 k Rel Liquid

k Rel Gas

1
Relative Permeability

0.8

0.6

0.4

0.2

0
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1
Liquid Saturation

Sat Liq k Rel Liq k Rel Gas

0 0 1
0.005 0 1
0.01 0 1
0.015 0 1
 0.02 0 1
0.025 0 1
0.03 0 1
0.035 0 1
0.04 0 1
0.045 0 1
0.05 0 1
0.055 0 1
0.06 0 1
0.065 0 1
0.07 0 1
0.075 0 1
0.08 0 1
0.085 0 1
0.09 0 1
0.095 0 1
0.1 0 1
0.105 0 1
0.11 0 1
0.115 0 1
0.12 0 1
0.125 0 1
0.13 0 1
0.135 0 1
0.14 0 1
0.145 0 1
0.15 0 1
0.155 0 1
0.16 0 1
0.165 0 1
0.17 0 1
0.175 0 1
0.18 0 1
0.185 0 1
0.19 0 1
0.195 0 1
0.2 0 1
0.205 0 1
0.21 0 1
0.215 0 1
0.22 0 1
0.225 0 1
0.23 0 1
0.235 0 1
0.24 0 1
0.245 0 1
0.25 1.52E-16 1
0.255 0.0068493 0.993151
0.26 0.0136986 0.986301
0.265 0.0205479 0.979452
 0.27 0.0273973 0.972603
0.275 0.0342466 0.965753
0.28 0.0410959 0.958904
0.285 0.0479452 0.952055
0.29 0.0547945 0.945205
0.295 0.0616438 0.938356
0.3 0.0684932 0.931507
0.305 0.0753425 0.924658
0.31 0.0821918 0.917808
0.315 0.0890411 0.910959
0.32 0.0958904 0.90411
0.325 0.1027397 0.89726
0.33 0.109589 0.890411
0.335 0.1164384 0.883562
0.34 0.1232877 0.876712
0.345 0.130137 0.869863
0.35 0.1369863 0.863014
0.355 0.1438356 0.856164
0.36 0.1506849 0.849315
0.365 0.1575342 0.842466
0.37 0.1643836 0.835616
0.375 0.1712329 0.828767
0.38 0.1780822 0.821918
0.385 0.1849315 0.815068
0.39 0.1917808 0.808219
0.395 0.1986301 0.80137
0.4 0.2054795 0.794521
0.405 0.2123288 0.787671
0.41 0.2191781 0.780822
0.415 0.2260274 0.773973
0.42 0.2328767 0.767123
0.425 0.239726 0.760274
0.43 0.2465753 0.753425
0.435 0.2534247 0.746575
0.44 0.260274 0.739726
0.445 0.2671233 0.732877
0.45 0.2739726 0.726027
0.455 0.2808219 0.719178
0.46 0.2876712 0.712329
0.465 0.2945205 0.705479
0.47 0.3013699 0.69863
0.475 0.3082192 0.691781
0.48 0.3150685 0.684932
0.485 0.3219178 0.678082
0.49 0.3287671 0.671233
0.495 0.3356164 0.664384
0.5 0.3424658 0.657534
0.505 0.3493151 0.650685
0.51 0.3561644 0.643836
0.515 0.3630137 0.636986
 0.52 0.369863 0.630137
0.525 0.3767123 0.623288
0.53 0.3835616 0.616438
0.535 0.390411 0.609589
0.54 0.3972603 0.60274
0.545 0.4041096 0.59589
0.55 0.4109589 0.589041
0.555 0.4178082 0.582192
0.56 0.4246575 0.575342
0.565 0.4315068 0.568493
0.57 0.4383562 0.561644
0.575 0.4452055 0.554795
0.58 0.4520548 0.547945
0.585 0.4589041 0.541096
0.59 0.4657534 0.534247
0.595 0.4726027 0.527397
0.6 0.4794521 0.520548
0.605 0.4863014 0.513699
0.61 0.4931507 0.506849
0.615 0.5 0.5
0.62 0.5068493 0.493151
0.625 0.5136986 0.486301
0.63 0.5205479 0.479452
0.635 0.5273973 0.472603
0.64 0.5342466 0.465753
0.645 0.5410959 0.458904
0.65 0.5479452 0.452055
0.655 0.5547945 0.445205
0.66 0.5616438 0.438356
0.665 0.5684932 0.431507
0.67 0.5753425 0.424658
0.675 0.5821918 0.417808
0.68 0.5890411 0.410959
0.685 0.5958904 0.40411
0.69 0.6027397 0.39726
0.695 0.609589 0.390411
0.7 0.6164384 0.383562
0.705 0.6232877 0.376712
0.71 0.630137 0.369863
0.715 0.6369863 0.363014
0.72 0.6438356 0.356164
0.725 0.6506849 0.349315
0.73 0.6575342 0.342466
0.735 0.6643836 0.335616
0.74 0.6712329 0.328767
0.745 0.6780822 0.321918
0.75 0.6849315 0.315068
0.755 0.6917808 0.308219
0.76 0.6986301 0.30137
0.765 0.7054795 0.294521
 0.77 0.7123288 0.287671
0.775 0.7191781 0.280822
0.78 0.7260274 0.273973
0.785 0.7328767 0.267123
0.79 0.739726 0.260274
0.795 0.7465753 0.253425
0.8 0.7534247 0.246575
0.805 0.760274 0.239726
0.81 0.7671233 0.232877
0.815 0.7739726 0.226027
0.82 0.7808219 0.219178
0.825 0.7876712 0.212329
0.83 0.7945205 0.205479
0.835 0.8013699 0.19863
0.84 0.8082192 0.191781
0.845 0.8150685 0.184932
0.85 0.8219178 0.178082
0.855 0.8287671 0.171233
0.86 0.8356164 0.164384
0.865 0.8424658 0.157534
0.87 0.8493151 0.150685
0.875 0.8561644 0.143836
0.88 0.8630137 0.136986
0.885 0.869863 0.130137
0.89 0.8767123 0.123288
0.895 0.8835616 0.116438
0.9 0.890411 0.109589
0.905 0.8972603 0.10274
0.91 0.9041096 0.09589
0.915 0.9109589 0.089041
0.92 0.9178082 0.082192
0.925 0.9246575 0.075342
0.93 0.9315068 0.068493
0.935 0.9383562 0.061644
0.94 0.9452055 0.054795
0.945 0.9520548 0.047945
0.95 0.9589041 0.041096
0.955 0.9657534 0.034247
0.96 0.9726027 0.027397
0.965 0.9794521 0.020548
0.97 0.9863014 0.013699
0.975 0.9931507 0.006849
0.98 1 0
0.985 1 0
0.99 1 0
0.995 1 0
1 1 0
ade as to the

is software.

TOUGH2 source code

 Impermeable Layer (Caprock)

Steam
Zone

Water Saturated Rock

Elevation Temperature
0 0
-50 100
-100 150
-150 200
-200 220
-500 250
-800 300
-1000 350

Elevation pressure pressure

200 40
500 30 1200
800 20
1000 0
1000

800

600

400

200

0
0 5 10 15 20 25
200

0
0 5 10 15 20 25
 Temperature
0
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400

-200

-400

-600

-800

-1000

-1200

pressure

15 20 25 30 35 40 45
15 20 25 30 35 40 45
300 350 400