3- UMTS
3- - UMTS (Universal Mobile Telecommunication System) 3G -
,
. UMTS
,
.
NetTest .
, UMTS.
1 - 3 UMTS
, .
4 5 UMTS:
.
6 NetTest UMTS,
,
.
1. UMTS
1.1
. ,
,
. 1876 , ,
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, (, ,
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.
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,
. ,
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,
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. , ,
.
1982 CEPT ( )
, (GSM)
- -
(2G). GSM
. 1989 CEPT ETSI (
). GSM - ETSI.
GSM, , ,
, , , ( GSM,
PCS1900). GSM " ",
.
1G
2G
3G
IP (VoIP)
c 1980.
c 1990.
c 2000.
, GSM
. ,
(SMS). GSM
,
.
( 9600 ) GSM
. ETSI
, 2.5G. ,
GSM, GSM: HSCSD
( ), GPRS ( )
EDGE ( /GSM).
HSCSD GSM,
. GSM, ,
- 57.6 /.
HSCSD , ..
.
GPRS
170 /. GPRS GSM,
. GPRS GSM
,
, . GPRS
.
EDGE GSM/GPRS,
, .
EDGE 384 /.
UMTS :
UMTS
UMTS :
, ,
"" , ,
:
o
o
,
,
, ,
2.5G (GPRS) 3G. 2.5G
(
), GSM,
UMTS ,
. EDGE ,
.
GSM 2.5G ,
, , UMTS
( ). GPRS
, UMTS .
GPRS ,
UMTS 3G.
1.2
UMTS .
ETSI "
" (3GPP)
.
- "- " (MRP).
. 2 , 3GPP
3GPP , , . (OHG) ,
, 3GPP .
"
2" (3GPP-2), ,
IS-95.
UMTS GSM/GPRS,
. ,
WCDMA ( ),
GSM. ,
, , , . , UMTS
GSM/GPRS/UMTS, IP.
1.3 UMTS
UMTS 3GPP - .
: UMTS 1999 (R99 - 3/Rel-3), UMTS
4 (Rel-4) UMTS 5 (Rel-5). 1.5, ,
. UMTS -
3GPP.
:
R99
(UTRAN) UMTS
GSM/GPRS (RNS)
(CN) - GSM/GPRS
Rel-4
4 (MGW), (MSC)
(SGW). MSC
UTRAN,
, 2 /
Rel-5
IP- (IMS)
(HLR) / ("") (HSS)
UTRAN, IP UMTS
IubFlex ( (RNC)
(LCS)
IP-, ,
5 IP 6 (IPv6)
B)
"" . , ,
(.. ).
6 : ,
IMS, (WLANI),
( ), / (MBMS)
(PS).
4.
, 4.
1.4 , UMTS
UMTS , .
UMTS 5 , , ,
, , IP (VoIP),
. , ,
( IP)
. , , ,
: IP- (IMS).
1.4.1
, UMTS, , GSM ISDN (
). -, ,
. , UMTS,
. , ,
. ,
.
(SMS), GSM. ,
:
// /
1.4.2
2.5G 3G - .
GPRS, UMTS (QoS)
. QoS " "
, IP.
QoS 5.
1.4.3 UMTS
UMTS , , ,
, , .
,
() , .
.
1.4.3.1 ,
(UE)
.
UTRAN, ,
UE " ".
:
" "
" "
UMTS .
, , GSM/GPRS
(MS UE
GSM/GPRS).
1.4.3.2 WAP
(WAP) - ,
.
, , ,
. WAP web-,
(WML) - (HTML),
. WML .
WAP .
1.4.3.3
(MMS)
(MMS)
UE UE,
(VAS). , ,
.
, , , , .
1.4.3.4 CAMEL
(CAMEL)
. UMTS
(IN) :
()
CAMEL , ( IN
). IN
. CAMEL ,
.
1.4.4 (VHE)
VHE - UMTS,
, . ,
, ,
, , , .
VHE , CAMEL.
1.5 UMTS
. 3 GSM/GPRS/UMTS
GSM/GPRS/UMTS,
UMTS. (GERAN)
GSM/GPRS RNS (UTRAN) UMTS. (CN) GSM/GPRS,
, UMTS 4 5 ,
. GSM/GPRS
UMTS, 2G
. ,
, .
GSM/GPRS/UMTS
(PLMN), , 4,
(PSTN) IP.
1.5.1
GSM/GPRS/UMTS : BSS -
GSM, GPRS EDGE (GERAN), RNS - WCDMA.
. 4 GERAN
1.5.2.1 (BSS)
BSS GERAN - (, ..),
. BSS
MSC A Iu-CS. PLMN,
GPRS, BSS GPRS (SGSN)
Gb Iu-PS.
BSS . BSS
. Abis, BSS
(BSC) (BTS). BTS BSC
Abis.
1.5.2.2 (BTS)
BTS ( - TRX),
GSM ( ,
). BTS MS.
1.5.2.3 (BSC)
BSC BTS , ,
-
MS
. BSC - MSC.
o
o
1.5.3
(UTRAN)
UMTS R99 UTRAN. UTRAN
WCDMA, ,
, GSM/GPRS. UTRAN GSM
2+ Iu; UTRAN PS (Iu-PS)
, UTRAN CS (IuCS) .
- (BC),
(" ",
). BC Iu-BC. 1.5.2
.
1.5.3.1 (RNS)
UTRAN RNS, CN Iu. RNS
(RNC) B (Node B). B
RNC Iub. B (.. ) . RNC
RNS Iur.
. 5 UTRAN
1.5.3.2 (RNC)
RNC . RNC BSC
GSM/GPRS, . RNC UTRAN :
RNC
RNC B RNS. RNC
RNC (CRNC)
RNC
o
UE RNC : RNC
(SRNC), UE . SRNC Iu CN
. 6 RNC
RNC
, RNC :
RNC (DRNC). DRNC (" ") SRNC
UE. DRNC SRNC ( DRNC) UE.
. 7 RNC
1.5.3.3 B
B BTS GSM.
B . ,
3.5 .
1.5.3.4 (UE)
(UE) (MS) GSM, ..
, . UE
() (USIM).
IMEI.
,
(API). USIM ,
, . SIM- GSM USIM
. .
,
USIM. , .
1.5.4
. 8 UMTS
(CN) CS PS. ,
( - "Registers") , .
.
1.5.5 -
(CS)
. 9 - CS
1.5.5.1 /
(MSC/GMSC)
CS CN MSC. MSC - ,
MS, ,
MSC. MSC
, MSC
. , MSC , :
,
,
MSC/GMSC . MSC
,
. MSC (, ,
), MSC ,
/ . MSC
MSC .
GMSC
( , ISDN, ).
,
; .. MSC . ,
MSC.
1.5.5.2 /
(MGW/ MSC)
4 CS, (, ,
IP-), MSC (MGW),
, MSC . MSC ,
, : (CC) MSC.
MGW MSC .
CAMEL ,
.
MGW PSTN/PLMN UTRAN CN
Iu. MGW - (B-)
(, RTP
( ) IP-).
1.5.5.3 (SGW)
(SGW) ( )
SS7, 4,
IP, -R99 (..
SCTP/IP Sigtran MTP SS7). SGW (, MAP, CAP,
BICC, ISUP), SCCP (
) SCTP ( ),
. SGW
IP- UMTS.
.
. 10
1.5.6 -
(PS)
. 11 - PS
1.5.7 (CN) -
1.5.7.1 (HLR)
(HLR) 4.
5 HLR HSS ( - . ),
HLR. HLR
, ,
.
(VLR), MS. HLR
, .
HLR :
1.5.7.2 (HSS)
. 12 HSS - HLR
UMTS 5 HSS HLR. HSS HLR
HLR IM
IP- (IMS). , 1.5.8.
HSS PS CS. HSS -
, , ,
/, ,
/ ,
, / .
UMTS HSS
, .
HSS :
IM IMS,
(CSCF). IM CN
HLR, PS
HLR, CS,
CS GSM/ CS UMTS.
HSS , :
,
HSS
.
(.. )
1.5.7.3 (VLR)
, HLR,
, (LA), VLR.
MS LA , LA,
HLR . HLR VLR ,
. VLR TMSI.
HLR VLR MSC .
VLR MSC, UMTS 4 MSC.
1.5.7.4 (AuC)
- ,
( SIM)
HLR VLR ( HLR), ( )
.
1.5.7.5 (EIR)
EIR - , ,
, MS IMEI. IMEI
, MS
.
. 13 IP-
IMS UMTS 4 5. IMS
CN . IP- (IM)
, (IETF). IM
PS -
CS.
IMS PLMN ,
, . 3GPP
IMS. ,
PLMN (),
, , IMS. IMS
: ,
, , web,
.
IMS.
CSCF, :
(Proxy)-CSCF (P-CSCF) - UE IMS.
(PCF) P-CSCF
CSCF (S-CSCF) UE
(MGCF) ISUP (
ISDN) IMS (, ISUP/SIP (
))
(MFR)
IP- (IM-MGW) -
. IM-MGW ,
(, , -, -)
: UMTS
2.1
UMTS. UMTS 3
: (UE), (UTRAN) (CN).
. 14 UMTS .
, UTRAN, :
2.2 UTRAN
UTRAN 3- :
(control plane), ,
(user plane) - ,
(TNCP)
o
. TNCP
UTRAN
. 15 , UE CN UTRAN.
2.2.1
UE .
( ) (RANAP/RNSAP/NBAP)
( ) .
, , (,
(RAB) ) ,
.
;
. NAS.
- -
. , ,
(O&M).
2.2.2
.
, .
, ..
.
- -
.
.
2.2.3 (TNCP)
UTRAN ( ATM)
. TNCP .
TNCP . ALCAP,
( )
ALCAP. TNCP
.
TNCP,
ALCAP . ALCAP
. ALCAP .
ALCAP, TNCP . ,
.
ALCAP O&M ,
, .
2.2.4 UTRAN
. 16 UE - PS (3G-SGSN)
. 17 UE - CS (MSC)
NAS.
GPRS/ /
(GMM/SM, MM/CC): GMM/SM MM/CC 3GPP TS 24.008.
2.5 MM/GMM/SM/CC:
(MM)
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
IMSI
TMSI
CM
/ MM
GPRS (GMM)
P-TMSI
/
/ GMM
//
() GPRS (SM)
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
/
/
DTMF
(PDP)
PDP
PDP
PDP
PDP
SM
SMS (SMS)
, 3GPP TS 23.040.
.
. 18 UE - PS .
. 19 UE - CS .
2.3 UTRAN
UTRAN : (Iur Iub) (Iu Uu).
.
() .
2.3.1 UTRAN
UTRAN , .
. 20 UTRAN.
( ) (
). ,
,
.
2.3.2 Iu
Iu UTRAN CN. Iu .
Iu CS Iu-CS. Iu PS
Iu-PS. - BC, BC Iu-BC. Iu-BC . UTRAN ,
, UE .
. 21 Iu UTRAN CN
(CN) , ,
UE /.
Iu , UTRAN CN,
.
2.3.3 Iu-CS
. 22 Iu-CS.
Iu-CS ,
.
(RANAP)
7. , RANAP SCCP.
- . 3b
(MTP3b) SCCP. ( )
ATM SS7 SSCF-NNI, SSCOP AAL5.
2.3.3.1
(RANAP)
RANAP ,
3G-SGSN UTRAN, GTP Iu.
RANAP / UTRAN, :
RAB, ,
NAS UE CN, MM (
)
UE
UE
Iu
RANAP 3G TS 25.413.
2.3.3.2
:
SCCP .
- . SCCP - Q.716
MTP3b , , ,
, . MTP3b - Q.2210
(SSCF-NNI). SSCF
SSCOP. SSCF-NNI - Q.2140
(SSCOP)
. SSCOP
- Q.2210
ATM (AAL5) ATM.
AAL5 - I.363.5
SSCF, SSCOP SSCOP ATM -
(SAAL-NNI).
RANAP 3G TS 25.412.
2.3.4 Iu-PS
Iu-PS Iu-CS.
: , Iu-CS,
, IP ATM, M3UA ( MTP3
IP), SCTP IP.
. 23 Iu-PS.
2.2.4 Iu-PS
UMTS.
2.3.4.1 GPRS
(GTP-U)
UTRAN 3G-SGSN,
GPRS (GSN) . GTP
PDP (PDU). GTP 3G TS 29.060. GTP-U ,
GTP-C, 2.4.2. (GTP-C)
(GTP-U) , .
2.3.4.2 /
(UDP/IP)
UDP/IP ,
.
2.3.5 Iub
Iub CRNC ( DRNC) ,
B. DRNC
.
2.3.6 Iub
. 24 Iub.
, B (NBAP), SSCF-UNI
SCCOP AAL5. ATM
(SAAL). 2.2.4 Iub
UMTS.
2.3.6.1 B
(NBAP)
NBAP, 3G TS 25.433, Iub.
/ UTRAN, :
, UE
2.3.6.2
Iub .
, .. ,
Uu. .
:
(CPCH FP)
(USCH FP)
(DSCH FP)
(PCH FP)
(FACH FP)
(RACH FP)
(DCH FP)
2.3.7 Iur
Iur SRNC ,
DRNC. .
BSC, GSM/GPRS, Iur,
RNC. ,
CN , (-), ,
UE, , CN.
2.3.8 Iur
. 25 Iur.
Iur IuPS. . Iur
(RNSAP).
2.3.8.1
(RNSAP)
RNSAP
/ UTRAN, :
Iur,
SRNC
NAS UE CN, MM
UE
( )
RNSAP 3G TS 25.423.
2.3.9 Uu
. 26 ( ).
Uu - UE UMTS. 2.2.4
Uu UMTS.
2.3.9.1 (RRC)
RRC, 3G TS 25.331, UTRAN (RNC) UE.
:
o
o
o
RRC UE UTRAN (, , )
(, , )
RRC (, , )
RRC
QoS
UE
(. 3.4.3.2)
RRC
(timing advance) ( (TDD))
2.3.9.2
(PDCP)
PDCP, 3G TS 25.323, UTRAN (RNC)
UE. :
2.3.9.3
(RLC)
RLC RLC UTRAN (RNC) UE.
RLC (RB). RLC :
PDU
PDU
,
PDU
RLC 3G TS 25.322.
2.3.9.4 (MAC)
MAC . UTRAN (RNC) UE.
:
UE UE
/ PDU
MAC 3G TS 25.321.
2.4 (CN)
, CN, CS
PS. () .
2.4.1
(MAP)
,
MAP, 3G TS 29.002.
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
SIWFS
SIWFS
(IST)
/// //
/ CC
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
SMS
SMS
SM
SMS
SMS
(LCS)
LCS
2.4.1.1 , MAP
SGSN - HLR ( Gr):
. 28 SGSN-GGSN SGSN-SGSN.
GTP-C
. 29 SGSN-MSC/VLR.
+ (BSSAP+)
BSSAP SGSN MSC/VLR, 3G TS 29.018.
. 30 SGSN-GGSN SGSN-SGSN.
GTP-U
: UMTS
.
UE, UTRAN CN .
, , , . UMTS
. ,
.
CN UE, , , UE
, .
. (MM) (RRM),
, UE .
UMTS ,
.
. MM RRM ,
.
.
3.1 (UE)
(UE) UMTS IDLE ().
(), UMTS
, PLMN.
, UE UTRAN,
CONNECTED
().
UE
/ .
Camping on UTRAN Cell ( UTRAN).
UE UMTS GSM/ GPRS. UMTS
, UE GSM/GPRS. Camping on
GSM/GPRS Cell ( GSM/GPRS).
UE (LU).
UE UTRAN, .
3.1.1 (MM)
(CS)
UE CN , ,
GSM.
. 1 MM
UE IMSI (IMSI Attach), MM-DETACHED
MM-CONNECTED, IMSI -
MM-IDLE. MM-IDLE CN LA (
), UTRAN.
, UE MM-CONNECTED
/.
IMSI (IMSI Detach), MM-DETACHED.
MM-CONNECTED UTRAN ID ()
CN ID Iu.
3.1.2
(PMM)
UE CN , .
. 2 PMM
UE GPRS, PMM-DETACHED PMMCONNECTED, GPRS -
PMM-IDLE. PMM-IDLE CN RA
( ), UTRAN.
(RAU), UE
PMM-CONNECTED /. PMMCONNECTED UTRAN ID CN ID
Iu.
PS, PMM-DETACHED.
3.1.3 (RRC)
. 3 RRC
UE
. RRC, RNC. Idle () UE
. Connected () UE RRC:
Cell_FACH ( )
, , IMSI LU
Cell_DCH ( )
, . UTRAN
QoS CS QoS PS.
Cell_PCH ( ) URA_PCH , .
, , . Cell_PCH
, URA_PCH
UTRAN (URA). 3.3.3.
, - .
, URA_PCH Cell_PCH, UE ,
.
3.1.4 UE
UE RRC. UE
. UE
. , UE, UTRAN
, . 3.3.3.
UE
UE
RRC
PMMDETACHED
PMM-IDLE
PMMCell_FACH
CONNECTED
Cell_DCH
Cell_PCH
UE
UE
UE
HLR
IMSI,
LA/RA
LA/RA
CN
LA/RA
CN, UTRAN
URA
Iu
CN, UTRAN
Iu
CN, UTRAN
URA
Iu
UE, LA/RA
UE,
UE, (PS)
UTRAN (CS)
UE,
URA_PCH
URA
UTRAN
URA
UE, URA
3.1.5 (PDP)
PS PDP. PDP
PDP UE, SGSN GGSN. PDP
PDP. PDP , PDP .
PDP PMM IMSI .
. 5 PDP.
3.1.5.1 INACTIVE ()
INACTIVE PDP .
PDP PDP,
PDP. . INACTIVE
UE PDP, PS.
UE INACTIVE ACTIVE,
PDP.
3.1.5.2 ACTIVE ()
ACTIVE PDP PDP UE, SGSN GGSN.
PDP PDU PDP
PDP UE GGSN.
PDP UE INACTIVE,
PDP. PDP UE INACTIVE,
PMM IDLE PMM-DETACHED.
3.2
,
(QoS) . UMTS
QoS .
, RAB.
3.2.1
, UE ,
, .
UMTS ,
CN . I "" .
UE IDLE, .
LA/RA, UE
. II , UE CN
CN.
, UE.
UE IMSI- GPRS- , I, MSC/VLR
SGSN.
. 6 CS Iu.
3.2.2
UE CN, RRC UE UTRAN
(RNC) Iu UTRAN CN. , UE
CN.
RRC UE, AAL2 RRC
B, W-CDMA B UE,
(S-RB) RRC.
RRC .
UE, , .
Iu UE, Iu Iu.
NAS UE CN.
. 7 CS
3.2.3
, , RNC.
RRC,
W-CDMA S-RB. Iu
Iu .
. 8 .
3.2.4 ( )
UMTS CN .
USIM UE.
,
(
) UE, .
. 9 ( )
3.2.5
QoS
. QoS UE CN
. CN.
RAB, 3.10.
. 10 CS RAB.
. 11 PS RAB.
3.2.6
,
, CN UE
.
RAB
, DRNC. . RAB
, .
. 12 PS RAB.
Iu. Iu,
.
. 13 CS Iu.
3.2.7 (RAB)
(RAB) (CS) (PS) CN UE.
RAB, Iu CN UTRAN RB
UTRAN (RNC) UE. RAB , QoS.
Iu Iu,
QoS. CS AAL2 MSC UTRAN, PS
AAL5 SGSN UTRAN.
(RB) AAL2 RNC B,
WCDMA B UE.
, RNC .
,
.
RAB UE CN. RAB
UE Cell_FACH Cell_DCH.
. 14 RAB CS
. 15 RAB PS
3.2.8 (RAB)
(RAB) , , ,
. , ACTIVE,
. RAB
, .
RAB . RAB
, .
. 16 RAB.
PS PDP,
RAB, CN, RAB . RAB UE
Cell_DCH Cell_PCH URA_PCH.
3.3
3.3.1 (Attach)
, UE
. , GPRS UE SGSN,
UE SMS PS, SGSN
PS.
UE CN. UE
GPRS IMSI UE ,
UE.
GPRS UE SGSN,
GPSR/IMSI UE SGSN
() PS, MSC CS.
LU
Attach. IMSI UE LA (
(LAI), USIM),
.
, ,
, .
. 17 GPRS/IMSI LU
3.3.2 (Detach)
Detach UE UE ,
, GPRS / IMSI.
UE, SGSN/MSC.
:
CN
IMSI, UE CS CN
GPRS, UE PS CN
GPRS/IMSI ( UE), UE CS PS
3- , , ..
UE, SGSN HLR.
GPRS/IMSI.
. 18 GPRS/IMSI LU
3.3.3
. 19 LA, RA URA
3.3.3.1 (LU)
(LA) () , UE
LU CS CN.
MM-IDLE LA, LA,
LA,
UE VLR HLR.
LA LA MSC, MSC.
MSC HLR UE.
LA MSC HLR. LA
LA MSC.
3.3.3.2 (RA)
(RA) , UE
PS CN. RA
LA, RA LA.
UE PMM-IDLE RA, RA, -
RA, UE SGSN GGSN.
RA RA SGSN, SGSN. RA
SGSN, SGSN GGSN HLR UE.
RA SGSN GGSN HLR. RA
RA SGSN.
Gs SGSN MSC, UE, GPRS, IMSI,
RA/LA.
. 20 LA/RAU UMTS
. 21 UMTS
3.3.3.4
RNC UE .
PS , UE
. UE.
UE ,
PS I.
. 22
3.4 (RRM)
UE UTRAN,
SRNC. UE SRNC DRNS, SRNC
, .
3.4.1
- UTRAN
B .
, , RAB /
.
. 23 .
RNC.
, SRNC ,
RNC. RRC Iur DRNC
B. SRNC
, , SRNC, DRNC.
SRNC.
, UE, ,
, SRNC .
. 24
3.4.1.1
-
B. B ,
. B.
3.4.2
- .
UMTS, UE SRNC CN, .. RNC
Iur. , UE (RAT)
, , GSM UMTS.
.
RAT RAT.
3.4.2.1 RAT
RAT , ,
UTRAN. ,
TDD
( ) FDD ( )
.. SRNC .
SRNC CN, , ,
Iu. (SRNS)
SRNC.
. 25 / SRNS RAU.
,
Iu.
, SRNC ,
RNS. Iu RNS
CN. , UE ,
Iu .
. 26 SRNS.
3.4.2.2 RAT
(RAN). CS
GSM UMTS UMTS GSM, PS - GPRS UMTS UMTS GPRS.
PS , .
. 27 UMTS GSM.
UTRAN UMTS GSM,
, UE.
. 28 UMTS GPRS.
UE :
3.4.3
UMTS UE . FDD
. ()
UE UE, UE
, B UE.
FDD:
UE , UE
, /
(SIR). SIR / (C/I). UE ,
SIR
, UE . B UE
SIR, .
3.4.3.1
, UE
(Pout). B UE
SIR B. B Pout SIR.
, Pout B.
3.4.3.2
SIR,
, QoS .
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http://www.3gpp.org
http://www.3gpp2.org
http://www.3gip.org
http://www.arib.or.jp
http://www.cwts.org
http://www.etsi.org
http://www.gsacom.com
http://www.gsmworld.com
http://www.ietf.org
http://www.ipv6forum.com
http://www.mwif.org
http://www.t1.org
http://www.tta.or.kr
http://www.ttc.or.jp
http://www.umts-forum.org
http://www.uwcc.org
http://www.wmmforum.com