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uu1pu Bonporoen, Cne1naua Bnapuuuponua Hnauona

Ruuuan aqqek1unuoc1u ua 100%: Cpocu1u annac1, ua1u


cen, poc1uuu uenu


Hu:ua oqqermueuocmi ua 100%: Copocumi oa..acm, uamu ceo, oocmu:i e.u /
Ceem.aua Heauoea, +umpu Bo.ooeoee.: A.inuua Hao.uuep; Mocrea; 2012
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un1pnn Bonoroen, Cne1nana Bnanunponna Hnanona: Anunan +qqex1nnnoc1t na 100%: Cpocn1t annac1, nan1n
cen, oc1nut nenn
2
ISBN 978-5-9614-1846-0

Anno1annn

Bce xomm oimi vcneuui+u. Ho raroi nouu+aem vcnex no-ceoe+v o. roeo-mo
oouosua:uo earuee ce+i, o. roeo-mo rapiepa, a oo.iuuucmeo us uac paspieaemc +erov
oev+ omu+u rpauocm+u, e muemuix nonimrax uamu e cvmrax 25- :ac. Hoea ruuea
Ceem.aui Heauoeo u +umpu Bo.ooeoeea npeouasua:eua o. ecex, rmo xo:em rumi no.uo
rusuim, pea.usoeami eeci ceo nomeuua., usoaeumic om cmepeomunoe u ueeamueuix
vcmauoeor, uav:umic npue+a+ oqqermueuoeo noeeoeuu u sa c:em omoeo oooumic
uacmoueeo vcnexa u+euuo maroeo, romopoeo xo:em rourpemui :e.oeer u romopi coe.aem
eeo c:acm.ueee.

Cne1nana Hnanona, un1pnn Bonoroen
Anunan +qqex1nnnoc1t na 100 %: Cpocn1t annac1, nan1n cen, oc1nut nenn

Bneenne

Ec.u ei xomume cmami vcneuuee u npeepamumi oo.iuvm
:acmi ceoe rusuu e npasouur,
ec.u ei eepume, :mo omo saeucum e nepevm o:epeoi om eac, a ue
om oocmome.icme,
ec.u ei +oreme paseueamic u paoomami uao cooo, ec.u ei
.moume oe.ami c:acm.uei+u u vcneuui+u ceoux o.usrux u ro..ee,
ec.u ei xomume no.v:umi oou.ue rourpemuix uucmpv+eumoe
o. oocmureuu vcnexa u paoocmu,
ec.u ei c:umaeme, :mo poccuua+ o. oocmureuu vcnexa u
eap+ouuu e rusuu uvruo ue coece+ mo, :mo u a+epuraua+,
uanpu+ep,
ec.u ei v+eeme aua.usupoeami u eomoei vsuami npaeov o ceoe
u ceoux nepcnermueax,
ec.u v eac ecmi cu.a eo.u u re.auue, :mooi oocmu:i eicom,
3HAUHT, JTA KHHIA HB BAC.

Hpaxrnuecxn nce xorxr trt ycnemntmn. Kro-ro nonnmaer ycnex xax xaptepy, nx pyrnx
onee naxna nnunax xnsnt (cemtx, pystx, xon). Ho nourn nce xorxr or xnsnn uero-nno
ontmero, uem ecrt ceuac, npnuem xax n marepnantnom, rax n n nemarepnantnom acnexre.
3ra xnnra nx rex, xro xouer peannsonart nce nosmoxnocrn, uro npeocrannxer xnsnt,
nsyunrt npnemt +]]exrnnnoro noneennx, nsannrtcx or crepeornnon n nerarnnntx ycranonox n
sa cuer +roro ecrnnrentno onrtcx ycnexa.
Ocnonnax nennocrt xnnrn n rom, uro ee nanncann otunte nmn, a ne onnrapxn. Bet
penenrt ycnexa or Fnnna Ierca nnn Onera epnnacxn cnao conocrannmt c nosmoxnocrxmn
pxontx xnrene name crpant. Hy xoneuno, onn-ro rax cmornn, no +ro ne nx otuntx
nme. Baxno n ro, uro +ry xnnry nanncann poccnxne nx poccnxn, r. e. npnmept n
pexomenannn yyr nam nnxe, uem nce ncropnn o Fnnne n M+pn. Hpn +rom ycnex xaxoro ns
anropon xnnrn peanen n ouennen. Taxnx pesyntraron moxer onrtcx xaxt, y xoro ecrt
ronona na nneuax. A npnemt, xoroptmn mt roront noennrtcx, nomoryr ecrnonart onee
un1pnn Bonoroen, Cne1nana Bnanunponna Hnanona: Anunan +qqex1nnnoc1t na 100%: Cpocn1t annac1, nan1n
cen, oc1nut nenn
3
+]]exrnnno. Hntmn cnonamn, +ra xnnra nanor axrnnntx ycnemntx nme c remn, xro xouer
nrn x nepmnnam.
Mt noem c namn nmecre, n y nac ncera yer nosmoxnocrt ne rontxo nsyunrt namn
anropnrmt n nncrpymenrt, nsxrt nx na noopyxenne n nepeenart no cnoemy nxycy, no n
orxasartcx, ecnn courere nx nenoxoxmnmn.
Aynropnx xnnrn ne orpannuena xaxnm-ro onpeenenntm npo]eccnonantntm xpyrom nnn
onxnocrntm yponnem. Ona nx ncex, xro ornernn a! na nonpoct n nauane xnnrn.
Mt ne crpemnmcx ynennunrt uncno xaptepncron n rpyoronnxon, xoropte ropxrcx, uro ne
tnn n ornycxe necxontxo ner. Mt xornm, urot nmn xnnn nonno xnsntm n crann xort
nemnoro cuacrnnnee. Vnepennocrt n rom, uro nmenno nonnax xnsnt enaer uenonexa cuacrnnntm
n ycnemntm, nomorna nam camnm, no+romy mt xorenn t nepeart ee nam.
3ra xnnra nx rex, xro cenan nepnt mar: ocosnan, uro xouer paorart na coo, n nmeer,
nycrt n neontmo, xnsnennt ontr. Ho xnnra yer nnrepecna n rem, xro anno paoraer na
coo, sannmaercx cnonm pasnnrnem, rax xax nosnonnr cpannnrt merot n ontr, npenoxnr
nont nsrnx na npnntunte nemn n nosnonnr eme pas nonpaxrnxonartcx n
camoconepmencrnonannn.
Knnra na ne rpern cocronr ns xecon n saann, ona npeentno npaxrnuna, no o

ntmym
nontsy ona npnnecer nmxm +neprnuntm n neneycrpemnenntm, rem, xro xaxer ne npocro
osnaxomnrtcx c ouepentmn paccyxennxmn o omnx marepnxx, a roron camocroxrentno n
nectma ynopno rpennponartcx n camopasnnrnn.
Hnunax +]]exrnnnocrt +ro ncxyccrno n nayxa trt ycnemntm n pasntx c]epax n
onacrxx, cuacrnnntm, n xopomem cmtcne cnona camoocrarountm, apnrt paocrt cee n
oxpyxammnm, couerax pannonantnocrt n nosnrnn n cocrnennom xapaxrepe n noneennn.

Kax pao1a1t c xnnron

Cnono paorart sect ncnontsonano ne cnyuano. 3ra xnnra, xax n nmo pyro rpy o
nontmennn nnuno +]]exrnnnocrn, npnnecer nontsy nnmt n rom cnyuae, ecnn nt HE HPOCTO
EE HPOuHTAETE, A HPOuVBCTBVETE, HPOVMAETE n HPHMEHHTE na npaxrnxe
npnemt camopasnnrnx n nontmennx cocrnenno +]]exrnnnocrn, a raxxe ntnonnnre
oponontnte omamnne saannx. Hpnnecer nn nontsy nam snaxomcrno c xnnro, no mnorom
sanncnr or nac.
Kaxax rnana naunnaercx c nocranonxn nonpoca nnn nponemt, oocnonannx ee
snaunmocrn, a antme ant npnmept ns pasntx c]ep, onncant xnsnennte cnryannn. 3arem mt
oxsarentno npenaraem xonxpernt anropnrm ecrnn, xoropte cronr ntnonnxrt, urot
nontcnrt cnom +]]exrnnnocrt n crart onee ycnemntm. Anropnrmt nnnmcrpnpymrcx
npnmepamn, a sarem mt npenoxnm nam pemnrt xec nnn ntnonnnrt xaxoe-ro pyroe omamnee
saanne. Tontxo nsyunn xaxt remarnuecxn nox n nonnom oeme, nt nonyunre peantnte
pesyntrart. Bce npenaraemte merot n anropnrmt anponponant n ycnemno ncnontsymrcx ne
rontxo anropamn xnnrn, no n pyrnmn nmtmn. H uro ouent naxno, nmtmn, xnnymnmn n name
crpane. 3ro sameuanne nmeer cmtcn: cnenn]nxa Poccnn nce-raxn cymecrnyer, n ne nce ro, uro
paoraer, nanpnmep, n Amepnxe, moxno ncnontsonart y nac.
Inana 1 Cpocnrt annacr paccxaxer nam o npnntuxax n ycranonxax, xoropte memamr
trt maxcnmantno ycnemntm n ne nosnonxmr nonyuart yonontcrnne or xnsnn. Bt ysnaere o
rom, nouemy xosxxa roronnr nx rocre or ymn, a nm nenxycno, xax nmn camn saronxmr cex n
crpecc, n nemano pyrnx naxntx neme. A rnannoe nonyunre peantnte pemennx, nosnonxmmne
nsannrtcx or +rnx npnntuex.
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un1pnn Bonoroen, Cne1nana Bnanunponna Hnanona: Anunan +qqex1nnnoc1t na 100%: Cpocn1t annac1, nan1n
cen, oc1nut nenn
4
Inana 2 Camoananns, nnn Kax ntpart cno nyrt npenaraer saymartcx, nacxontxo
npannntno nt ntpann po sanxrn nnn xon. B pesyntrare nt nomere, uro moxere enart
nannyumnm opasom n uero xornre na ene. Ocoenno nonesno npounrart ee rem, xro rontxo
ntnpaer npo]eccnm, paory n xnsnennt nyrt nno saymancx o nepecmorpe xnsnn.
Inana 3 Camopasnnrne n camomornnannx camax ontmax n nxnmuaer necxontxnx
pasenon.
Pasen Hcnxonornx pyxt co npemenem acr nosmoxnocrt ynnert npnntunoe nonxrne
ram-menexmenra n conepmenno nonom paxypce, nomoxer nam ntpart nyrt x ycnexy n na ene
nopyxnrtcx co npemenem. axe ecnn nt npounrann xyuy xnnr na +ry remy, sect nac xyr
nacroxmne orxptrnx. A eno nce n rom, uro ner n ne moxer trt omnx coneron nx ncex, xro
crpemnrcx nontcnrt +]]exrnnnocrt ncnontsonannx cnoero npemenn. Kaxomy uenonexy nyxno
ntcrponrt COFCTBEHHVR CHCTEMV npannn c yuerom cnonx ocoennocre, xoropte nerxo
moxno onpeennrt c nomomtm necxontxnx recron.
V mnornx otuno ycnemno cxnatnamrcx ornomennx c nmtmn cxoxero c nnmn rnna, n
repnxr onn neyaun n omennn c remn, xro na nnx ne noxox. Pasen Kax +]]exrnnno crponrt
ornomennx c nmtmn, ne noxoxnmn na nac nomoxer xaxomy unrarenm nyume nonxrt cex,
ocosnart, uro pyro ne snaunr nnoxo, n ysnart o nexoroptx nmancax nocrpoennx
ornomenn c nmtmn, ornnuammnmncx or nac no meranporpammam, nennocrxm n yexennxm.
3ror pasen paccxastnaer, xax ecrnonart, urot ne sannxnnnartcx na paspaxammnx menouax
n noneennn pyrnx nme.
Hnora nam memamr cocrnennte nsrnxt n ycranonxn nno nosnnnx nme ns nnsxoro
oxpyxennx. Pasen Paora co nsrnxamn n ycranonxamn na npnmepax ns xnsnn
npoemoncrpnpyer necxontxo npnemon, nosnonxmmnx nsrnxnyrt na mnorne nemn no nntm
yrnom.
Crpeccoycrounnocrt naxnemax cocrannxmmax xnsnn conpemennoro uenonexa. Hpnemt,
nosnonxmmne cnnsnrt yponent crpecca, merot, noxastnammne, xax ecrnonart o, no npemx n
nocne crpecca, nt naere n coornercrnymmem pasene.
Pasen Crpecc ecrt, no ecrt n ntxo, nnn Kax crart problem solver npenaraer
ecrnennt n nponepennt na npaxrnxe anropnrm noneennx n cnoxntx n xpnrnuecxnx
cnryannxx n nomoxer ntpaorart nantx noncxa pemenn. Kpome roro, nt naere sect
onontno mnoro ynpaxnenn, xoropte nosnonxmr rpennponart xpearnnnocrt, napnarnnnocrt
mtmnennx, ynennunnart cxopocrt noncxa ne.
B rnane 4 Bcm xnsnt nepnrt n ea Moposa paccxastnaercx o rom, xax nnocnrt n cnom
xnsnt ontme paocrn n npenpamart ee n npasnnx. Bet nosnrnnnoe nacrpoenne ne rontxo
nomoraer cnpannxrtcx c rpynocrxmn, no n mnororo onnartcx n +ro xnsnn.
Ha nporxxennn nce xnnrn anropt amr cnon conert n pexomenannn no nnepennm +rnx
meronx.
Knnra xopoma eme n rem, uro n ne mnnnmym not n maxcnmym npnemon camopasnnrnx n
nontmennx +]]exrnnnocrn, cosanntx no npnnnnny epn n ena.

Ho npexe uem sanxrtcx nonpocamn camoanannsa n camopasnnrnx, nsyunre xopomentxo
rnany 1. Hepnoe, uro nam nao cenart, +ro cpocnrt annacr. Hnaue moxno onycrnrt omnxy,
nenpannntno onennnax cocrnennte sont pasnnrnx. 3ror annacr memaer nam c orxptro ymo
npnnnmart nsmenennx. Hmex ontmo ontr onenxn nme n nx pasnnrnx, a raxxe nponeennx
rpennnron n xoyunnra, moxno c ynepennocrtm saxnnrt: rex, xro ne crpaaer or annacra,
xoropt cneyer cpocnrt, ne onee 1 %. A oxono 15 % (n sanncnmocrn or connantnoro n
nacnoprnoro nospacra, yponnx nnrennexryantno nnn +monnonantno spenocrn) crpaamr or nero
un1pnn Bonoroen, Cne1nana Bnanunponna Hnanona: Anunan +qqex1nnnoc1t na 100%: Cpocn1t annac1, nan1n
cen, oc1nut nenn
5
n nonno mepe. On memaer nayunrtcx npannntno onennnart cex, ynnert cnon sont pasnnrnx n
rpamorno nsmenxrt ne rontxo cnoe x, no n cnon nsanmoornomennx c pyrnmn. Ocosnan, xaxo
nt necere annacr (a eme n cpocnn ero), moxno npncrynart x anannsy n pasnnrnm cnoero
norennnana.

Inana 1. Cpocn1t annac1

Umooi eosovuui uap nepecma. mepmi eicomv, a ropao.i ue
vmouv., no.v:ue npooouuv, uvruo eoepe+ copocumi oa..acm.

Hpecrantre, uro nt pemnnn cenart oma pemonr nepexnenrt oon, cmennrt namnnar, ny
n rax anee. Bonpoc: yere nn nt xnenrt nonte oon na crapte n xnacrt namnnar nonepx
npexnero? Bpx nn. Cnauana nao nororonnrt nce nonepxnocrn, ypart nce nenyxnoe, n rontxo
nocne +roro moxno pemonrnponart om.
Houemy mt o +rom? eno n rom, uro npn ]opmnponannn moenn ycnemnoro noneennx,
xoropoe nosnonnr n maxcnmantnom oeme onrtcx xenaemoro, roxe cnauana nao yannrt nce
npenoe, nenyxnoe nnn ycrapenmee. H rontxo nocne +roro ]opmnponart nonym moent ycnexa.
Bcnomnnre ntecy Fepnapa Boy Hnrmannon: 3nnsa ynnrn, xoropym npo]eccop
Xnrrnnc nayunn esynpeunomy nponsnomennm, na npneme y ero marepn, paccxastnax o
nponsomemem c ee rerymxo, saxnnxer: Kro mnxnxy cnep, ror n rerxy npnmnn. He yannn
npexnn xapron, crapte npecrannennx o xnsnn, a rontxo nanecx na nnx ]onernuecxym
nosonory, npo]eccop ne onncx ycnexa. Vcnex npnmen, xora ns nexcnxona 3nnst ymnn
nonxrnx n cnona ns npomnoro, nocne uero ona narononyuno cmorna ctrpart pont snarno amt.
B +ro rnane mt c namn nocrannm saauy nororonnrt nouny, nonorno nx name yyme
xaprnnt ycnexa. H npexe ncero ocynm, or xaxoro rpysa cronr nsannrtcx, npexe uem
oannxrt nonesnte npnemt nnuno +]]exrnnnocrn n npnntuxn n cnom moent ycnexa.

Hpoexnnn

He nocmvname c opveu+u mar, rar ei xome.u oi, :mooi
nocmvna.u c ea+u, nocmvname c uu+u mar, rar uvruo u+.

e.auue npuuecmu ooopo uu:eeo ue sua:um, ec.u ue suaeui,
:mo ecmi ooopo u+euuo o. omoeo :e.oeera.

Kax-ro n ono crarte n Hnrepnere ncrpernnact nnrepecnax nn]opmannx: n xonne 1960-x
nauane 1970-x rr. nenarpt tnn oecnoxoent pesxo nospocmnm uncnom cnyuaen ercxoro
oxnpennx n saonenann, c nnm cnxsanntx. Houemy +ro nponsomno nmenno n ro npemx?
Honpoyre narn oxcnenne.
A renept nponeptre cnon oraxn. Kax nce mt snaem, nnranne ere, xax npannno,
onpeenxercx nosmoxnocrxmn n namepennxmn nx ponrene. Bosmoxnocrn n +ror nepno no
cpannennm, cxaxem, c npetymnm ecxrnnernem, cymecrnenno ne nsmennnnct. A nor
xenannx Hmenno n +ror nepno poxann n nocnnrtnann ere re, ute ercrno npnmnoct na
rononte noennte n nepnte nocnenoennte rot. Homnx o rom, xax onn neoeann, xax nm
xorenoct et noctrnee a nonxycnee, onn cnom moent noneennx nanxsann cnonm erxm.
Hanepnxxa re ns namnx unrarene, ute ercrno npnmnoct na +ro npemx, ncnomnxr, xax ponrenn
ronopnnn: Emt c xneom. Bce nyxno oecrt o xonna, nnn neuro noonoe.
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un1pnn Bonoroen, Cne1nana Bnanunponna Hnanona: Anunan +qqex1nnnoc1t na 100%: Cpocn1t annac1, nan1n
cen, oc1nut nenn
6
Taxnm opasom, xenax cnonm erxm ncxuecxoro opa, na camom ene ponrenn nm npennn.
nnenne, o xoropom mt yem ronopnrt n +rom pasene, nastnaercx npoexnnx.

Hpoexnnn n ncnxonornn nocnpnxrne cocrnenntx ncnxnuecxnx
nponeccon xax cnocrn nnemnero oexra n pesyntrare eccosnarentnoro
nepenecennx na nero cnonx nnyrpennnx nmnyntcon n uyncrn. H. nrpaer ontmym
pont n nponecce ]opmnponannx ncnxnxn n pannem ercxom nospacre, xora
orcyrcrnyer uerxax n]]epennnannx mexy x n nnemnnm mnpom, n nexnr n
ocnone apxanuntx, anrponomop]ntx npecrannenn o mnpe, xapaxrepnsymmnx
pannne crann pasnnrnx uenoneuecxoro cosnannx. C naronornuecxnmn ]opmamn
H. cnxsano nosnnxnonenne pxa ncnxnuecxnx saonenann (napanox, ]onx,
mannx), xora pesxo ncxaxaercx nocnpnxrne nnemnero mnpa npn coxpanennn
nnnmsnn xonrponx na cocrnenntm noneennem. Mexannsm H. ncnontsyercx n
narnocrnuecxnx nenxx n r. n. npoexrnnntx recrax (recr Popmaxa n p.) nx
ntxnnennx cxptrtx mornnann n noyxenn (FC3).

Mt sect ronopnm o npoexnnn xax o ]axre nepenoca cocrnenno nnunocrn (nxnmuax
npncrpacrnx, xenannx, mornnt, nennocrn, npecrannenne o ycnexe n neyaue, rpynom n
nerxom, nnrepecnom n nennrepecnom n r. .) na oxpyxammnx. Bt ceuac nanepnxxa ncnomnnre o
ananornuntx cnyuaxx ns cnoero ontra nnn ontra cnonx snaxomtx:
cocrnennte nepeannsonannte xenannx ponrenn crpemxrcx nonnornrt n xnsnt cnonx
ere. B pesyntrare ouxa xonr n mystxantnym mxony, xorx e xorenoct t sannmartcx
rannamn;
ntnpax noapox, mnorne opnenrnpymrcx na ro, uro npannrcx nm camnm, npnuem enamr
+ro ns camtx nyumnx noyxenn;
npoanen ronopnr cnonm xnnenram ro, uro on cam xoren t ycntmart;
xosxxa, crpemxct nonxycnee naxopmnrt rocre nnn cnom cemtm, opnenrnpyercx na
cocrnennte nxyct;
mama nnn nana, nomorax enart ypoxn nepnoxnaccnnxy, ncxpenne neroymr: net unrart n
nncart rax npocro, xax xe moxno rax onro +ro ne ocnonrt.
Cnncox npnmepon moxno npoonxart o ecxoneunocrn, no ceuac mt ocranonnmcx na
necxontxnx onontno rnnnuntx omnxax, xoropte moryr trt ntsnant npoexnne.

Cne1nana Hnanona: Tar no.v:u.oci, :mo noc.e uecro.irux .em paoomi e
evse vu.a e ro++epum u c+oe.a oicmpo npoeumi ceo rar pesv.imamueui
compvouur, a e +ae 1995 e. cma.a oupermopo+ perpvmuueoeoeo aeeumcmea,
enoc.eocmeuu no.v:ueueeo uaseauue Jrcr.msue Tpusa. Coomeemcmeeuuo,
uuraroeo vnpae.eu:ecroeo onima v +eu ue oi.o, oa e mo epe+ ue mo :mo
mpeuuueoe, oare ruue no +eueor+eumv u ncuxo.oeuu vnpae.euu nparmu:ecru
ue oi.o. Hoomo+v oo eceeo npuxoou.oci ooxooumi +emooo+ npoo u ouuoor.
Paccrarv oo oouo+ c.v:ae, mecuo cesauuo+ c me+o npoeruu. Humvumueuo
nouu+a.a, :mo .moe ueooxoou+o +omueupoeami, npu:e+ ue mo.iro
+amepua.iuo, oouvca+u, uo u ue+amepua.iuo. H peuu.a +omueupoeami ceoux
compvouuroe, npeoocmae. u+ eos+oruocmi ca+ocmome.iuo npuuu+ami
peueuu no perpvmuueoei+ npoerma+, romopie ouu ee.u, m. e. ouu +oe.u
pea.usoeieami coocmeeuuie uoeu. Ho :epes uecro.iro +ecee sa+emu.a, :mo
oouux us +oux noo:uueuuix omo +omueupvem u sarueaem, a opveux nveaem.
un1pnn Bonoroen, Cne1nana Bnanunponna Hnanona: Anunan +qqex1nnnoc1t na 100%: Cpocn1t annac1, nan1n
cen, oc1nut nenn
7
Toeoa peuu.a c me+u, roeo marue eos+oruocmu nveamm, eecmu ceo
no-opveo+v: cma.a oo.ee oupermueuo, :aue oaea.a coeemi u uucmpvruu. A
ecrope c voue.euue+ sa+emu.a, :mo maroe omuoueuue upaeumc u+ ua+uoeo
oo.iue. Cnvcm uecro.iro .em, nosuaro+ueuuci c ocooeuuocm+u ncuxo.oeuu
.u:uocmu, nou.a, :mo npu:uua +oe ouuoru npoeru. B eicoro euu.a
ca+ocmome.iuocmi u eos+oruocmi oecmeoeami ua ceo cmpax u pucr,
noomo+v noc:uma.a, :mo u +ou+ noo:uueuui+ omo noupaeumc. B umoee me
compvouuru, romopie oi.u e mo u.u uuo cmeneuu noxoru ua +eu,
eocnpuu.u omo ua vpa, a mex, rmo ue oi. noxor ua +eu, omo
oe+omueupoea.o.

Mt npononnn nx pyxononrene ntcoxoro yponnx ns pasntx xomnann rpennnr
Hemarepnantnax mornnannx nepconana. Paccmarpnnann na rnnaxa corpynnxon c nnemne n
nnyrpenne pe]epennne (o +rom noer peut n pasene Kax +]]exrnnno crponrt ornomennx c
nmtmn, ne noxoxnmn na nac, rnana 3).

Hmou c eueuue peqepeuue oeuueamm ceo u npuuu+amm peueuu,
opueumupvci ua +ueuue opveux .moe u.u oouenpuumie euuocmu u
mpaouuu, a .mou c euvmpeuue peqepeuue pvroeoocmevmmc coocmeeuui+
+ueuue+. O:eeuouo, :mo cpeou pvroeooume.e eicoroeo vpoeu eopasoo oo.iue
.moe c euvmpeuue peqepeuue. B xooe mpeuuuea ooua us nooepvnn no.v:u.a
saoauue uamu rar +oruo oo.iue cnocoooe +omueauu compvouuroe c eueuue
peqepeuue. H ouu ue cnpaeu.uci c omu+ e ooue+-mo npocmi+ saoauue+.
Ho:e+v? Koeoa cma.u pasoupami cumvaum, orasa.oci, :mo v:acmuuru
mpeuuuea npocmo ue +oe.u noumi mo:rv speuu .moe, ue noxorux ua uux, u
cvou.u o npoo.e+ax ucr.m:ume.iuo co ceoe ro.oro.iuu.

Cne1nana Hnanona: Jmv saumuvm ucmopum nooapu.o compvouu:ecmeo c
ro+nauue Mr.Doors uecro.iro .em uasao. Ha mom +o+eum e ro+nauuu
cvuecmeoea.a mara oo.ruocmi, rar ousauep-roucv.imaum. Paooma.u
oeevuru u muouu, u+emuue ousauepcroe oopasoeauue. B ux qvuruu exoou.a
paooma c r.ueumo+ no cosoauum npoermoe oopoeo +eoe.u ua saras u o.
noc.eovmue npooaru. H eom :mo cma.o sa+emuo e xooe po.eeix uep u
oucrvccu ua mpeuuuee oo.iuuucmeo ousauepoe-roucv.imaumoe npeo.aea.u
ece+ r.ueuma+ +eoe.i mo.iro oouoeo cmu. (r.accura, +ooepu, mexuo u m. o.).
Hui+u c.oea+u, oouu ousauep ece epe+ npeo.aea. +ooepu, opveo r.accurv,
mpemu +eoe.i e cmu.e mexuo. Ecmecmeeuuo, omo sauumepecoea.o, u
mpeuepi eicuu.u v ousauepoe, raro v rarooeo us uux .mou+i cmu.i. Kar
orasa.oci, no oo.iue :acmu .mou+i cmu.i ousauepa coenaoa. c me+, raro
ou npeo.aea. r.ueuma+. a.iueuee oocvroeuue norasa.o, :mo o:eui :acmo
omu npeo.oreuu ue ecmpe:a.u no.orume.iuoeo omr.ura v r.ueuma u .uui e
peorux c.v:ax norvname.i npoe.. oumvsuas+. Jmo eue oouu npu+ep
cumvauu, roeoa npoeru +euaem.

Hc1opnn o npoexnnn n nnunou

Xenmnna nonyunna mennnncxoe opasonanne, xorx nnxora ne conpanact paorart
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cen, oc1nut nenn
8
npauom, a, cocrnenno, nnxora npauom n ne paorana. Kax xe rax nonyunnoct? eno n rom, uro
ee mama n aymxa ouent xorenn, urot ona crana npauom. Hpnuem mornnannx aymxn, xoropax
nomnnna eme crannncxne npemena, tna raxo: Bpau on n n rmptme npau. Honxrno, uro n
crannncxne npemena +ro tno nemanonaxntm ]axrom. Onaxo n nauane 1990-x raxoe pemenne
tno xnno ne axryantntm. Cnana ory, uro nonyuenne nenyxnoro opasonannx nn n xoe mepe ne
ncnoprnno xnsnt uenonexy, no spx tnn norpauent rot, n xonne xonnon +ro npemx moxno tno
t ncnontsonart nyume, ne ronopx yx o cpecrnax na oyuenne.
Hepexo ccopt n ont n cemte nosnnxamr no nnne npoexnnn. Hepexo nsnauantno nxyct
n npncrpacrnx cynpyron ne connaamr, no nmxmne nmn ncxpenne xorxr opa n crapamrcx
nopaonart pyr pyra. Hpn +rom onn naunnamr nanxstnart cnon nxyct n npncrpacrnx, yyun
ynepent, uro rem camtm conepmamr naroe eno.
Heanno na paore ocyxann ncem xonnexrnnom, uro noapnrt onomy ns corpynnxon
na mnne. Ona ama onro nacrannana na rom, uro nao npyunrt nmennnnnxy noapount
ceprn]nxar, a ror yx cam nteper, uro emy nyxno. axe noxenanne mnnxpa o rom, uro on t
xoren nonyunrt onpeenennt noapox, a ne ceprn]nxar, ne cpasy ee yennn. Houemy? A
noromy, uro ona cama ncera npocnr apnrt e ceprn]nxart e rax yonee.

Kax ae opo1tcn c npoexnnen?

3ro ouent cnoxno. Mnoro ner snax o npoexnnn n o rom, xaxo npe ona moxer npnnocnrt,
mt nce panno nepnonuecxn nonnm cex sa pyxy, sameuax, uro onxrt ona, sapasa, npoxnnnact. Mt
npenoxnm nam anropnrm ecrnn, xoroptm nontsyemcx camn n aem na namnx rpennnrax,
xora peut saxonr o npoexnnn n ee nnnxnnn na +]]exrnnnocrt ynpannennx nnn paort c
xnnenramn.

Anropn1u pao1m na coon

1. Ocosnanne roro, uro raxoe npoexnnx n nouemy ona moxer npenrt. Haeemcx, ro, uro nt
npounrann, nomoxer nam. Hocroxnno, nanpnmep pas n neenm, ntenxre necxontxo mnnyr na ro,
urot ornernrt na nonpoc: Ie n no ornomennm x xomy x ecrnonan(a) no nnnxnnem
npoexnnn? K uemy +ro npnneno? Morna nn cnryannx trt onee npoyxrnnno, ecnn t
npoexnnn ne tno?.
2. Hayunrect nonnrt cex sa pyxy n ror momenr, xora nt nocrynaere, nonnnyxct nnnxnnm
npoexnnn. Cxaxnre cee cron n nostmnre ram-ayr.
3. Hayunrect ntxnnxrt peantnte mornnt n norpenocrn uenonexa. nx +roro npexe ncero
cneyer nsyunrt pasnnunte rnnonornn nme. Kora nt nomere, nacxontxo cnntno nmn
ornnuamrcx pyr or pyra, nam craner xcno, uro mornnannx onoro moxer crart emornnanne
pyroro (xcrarn, c ono ns rnnonorn nt cmoxere nosnaxomnrtcx n pasene Kax +]]exrnnno
crponrt ornomennx c nmtmn, ne noxoxnmn na nac, rnana 3). Hocraparect ocosnart n npnnxrt
xax annoe ncrnny: Ecnn uenonex ne raxo, xax x, +ro ne snaunr, uro xro-ro ns nac nnox. Mt
npocro pasnte.
Btxnnenne mornnon, norpenocre, noyxenn, ocoennocre uenonexa moxer nrn
no-pasnomy n sanncnmocrn or roro, xro nt n xro on. Kax npannno, y xnnenra o +rom cnpamnnamr
nanpxmym, c nomomtm orxptrtx nonpocon ntxnnxx ero norpenocrn. A nor nounnennt ne
ncera cxaxer nam npany: on moxer emoncrpnponart rax nastnaemoe connantno-xenarentnoe
noneenne, oxrtcx, crecnxrtcx n r. . Pyxononrenm naxno ocnonrt rexnnxy neennx nnrepntm
(ne oxsarentno npononrt nnrepntm npn name, moxno eceonart n c yxe paorammnmn n
un1pnn Bonoroen, Cne1nana Bnanunponna Hnanona: Anunan +qqex1nnnoc1t na 100%: Cpocn1t annac1, nan1n
cen, oc1nut nenn
9
xomnannn corpynnxamn) nnn pyrne nnt narnocrnxn, xoropte nomoryr npannntno
onpeennrt sont mornnannn n emornnannn. Ony ns raxnx meronx nt naere n npnnoxennn.
Ecnn peut ner o nnsxom uenonexe, ro nosmoxnocrt nonxrt ero n nmenno ero mornnt n
noyxennx sanncnr or roro, nacxontxo onepnrentnt namn ornomennx, or ymennx cntmart,
nanmart, or cnoconocrn crannrt cex na mecro pyroro.
4. Hrax, renept mt snaem, uro nyxno pyromy. Cneymmax nama saaua: nonxrt, moxem nn
mt n xornm nn art emy ro, uero on na camom ene xouer. Hpnmennrentno x mornnannn n
oprannsannn +ro nonpoc coornomennx nennocrn corpynnxa c sarparamn na nero (ne oxsarentno
marepnantntmn), a ecnn peut ner o xnnenre, ro nonpoc o coornomennn ero snaunmocrn c
pecypcamn. Hpn nocrpoennn nnuntx ornomenn anropnrm npnmepno ror xe, rontxo sect moryr
npnmemnnartcx uyncrna nmnn n pyxt.
5. Mt aem uenonexy ro, uro pemnnn art, nnn oxcnxem, nouemy +roro art ne moxem.
Onxrt-raxn nomnnm o rom, uro noanart nem nyxno ne rax, xax ee xorenn t nonyunrt nt, a
rax, xax +ro naxno pyromy. Manentxn saannt npnmep, paccxasannt onnm pyccxnm,
xoropt tn xenar na amepnxanxe: on xynnn e noapox, npnuem raxo, xax ona xorena, a ona,
nonyunn noapox, pacnnaxanact. Xenmnna paccrponnact, nocxontxy noapox ne tn xpacnno
ynaxonan (n ro npemx n Poccnn raxax ycnyra rontxo noxnnnact, no n Amepnxe apnrt noapox es
xpacnno ynaxonxn ne npnnxro). Koneuno xe, on ne ynaxonan noapox ne ns xanocrn nnn
nennnmannx, a npocro noromy, uro +ro ne npnmno emy n ronony. Onxrt npoexnnx.
anax uenonexy ro, uro nyxno nmenno emy, cneyer yuecrt n norpenocrn namero naprnepa.



H1ax, u1om noen1t npoexnnm, nao:
1. Orxasartcx or npoexnnn na ocosnannom yponne.
2. Bnert momenrt, xora nt ecrnyere no ee nnnxnnem, n ocranannnnart
cex.
3. Btxnnxrt peantnte mornnt pyroro.
4. Onennnart cnryannm c rouxn spennx nosmoxnocrn n nenecoopasnocrn
yonnernopennx mornnon.
5. art xenaemoe n onrnmantno ynaxonxe.

A renept paccmorpnm necxontxo xecon

Onpeennre nosmoxnocrn n pncxn, xoropte cnxsant c rem, uro repon nonaamr no
nnnxnne npoexnnn.
1. Mapnx, cran pyxononrenem, nonyunna nosmoxnocrt ]opmnponart xomany no cex.
Ona napana nme cnoero rnna, uro n nenom neno x ycnexy, rax xax n cama ona cenana xaptepy,
nauan c nosnnnn pxonoro corpynnxa. Onennre, xaxne nosmoxnocrn n pncxn ecrt y raxoro
noxoa.
2. Mama cemnanarnnerne ouepn, nectma npeycnenmax n nnuno xnsnn n nmenmax ncera
maccy noxnonnnxon, ennrcx ontrom c oueptm, nx xoropo xnnxercx anropnrerom n xoropax
crapaercx e no ncem nopaxart.
3. Ftnmn npau, xoropt n cnoe npemx ymen n xommepnnm n ceuac sannmaercx npoaxe
mennnncxoro oopyonannx n pacxontx marepnanon, n xauecrne xnnenron nmeer raxnx npaue,
xaxnm tn cam. Ho+romy on npoaer nm nmenno ro, uro xoren t npnopecrn n re rot, xora
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cen, oc1nut nenn
10
paoran npauom, paccyxax, uro pas y nnx ona cnennantnocrt, snaunr, n norpenocrn
onnaxonte.



oponontnoe ouamnee saanne
nx roro urot +ra rnana ecrnnrentno npnnecna omyrnmym nontsy, npenaraem
ntnonnnrt cneymmne saannx (nnuno nx cex).
1. Bcnomnnre mnnnmym (maxcnmym) cnryann (nanpnmep, sa nocnenn ro), xora nt
ecrnonann no nnnxnnem npoexnnn. Hpoanannsnpyre, xaxne nnmct n mnnyct +ro ano.
Honpoyre cmoennponart, xax mornn t pasnnnartcx cotrnx, ecnn t nt nonpemx nsannnnct
or npoexnnn.
2. Bcnomnnre cnryannn, xora namn ponrenn, nauantnnxn n pyrne naxnte nx nac nmn
nanxstnann nnn ntrannct nanxsart nam cnon npecrannennx n npenourennx. Kaxne uyncrna n
+monnn nt npn +rom ncntrtnann?
3. Onennre ecrnnx, xoropte nt conepmaere no nnnxnnem npoexnnn. Hoymare, no
ornomennm x xomy nt, cxopee ncero, yere necrn cex rax xe n nnxamem yymem.
Hocraparect nonxrt ncrnnnte mornnt n xenannx +rnx nme n nsmennrt cnoe noneenne,
ncxox ns nx, a ne ns cnonx npecrannenn.
4. Ha nnxamn ro nostmnre cee sa npannno: npexe uem uro-ro cenart nx pyroro
uenonexa, ecrnyx ns camtx nyumnx noyxenn, noymare, ne nonann nn nt no nnnxnne
npoexnnn. Ecnn ecrt xort manemne noospennx n +rom, nocraparect ntxnnrt mornnt n
nennocrn +roro uenonexa n nocrynnrt n coornercrnnn c nnmn.


Cnnmxou ontman peqepen1nan rpynna

Mi ca+u pacuupe+ rpve ceoux nomeuua.iuix oouo:uroe.

Ceooooa eioupami, om roeo saeucemi, ooua us earueuux
ceoooo :e.oeera.

Ecrt eme onn npar, xoropt memaer, ne nosnonxx nam trt camnm coo, peannsonart
cex. 3auacrym c ero noaun y uenonexa nosnnxaer mnoxecrno xomnnexcon n orpannuenn xax n
nnuno xnsnn, rax n na paore cnnmxom ontmax pe]epenrnax rpynna. 3rnm repmnnom
oosnauamr rpynny nme, ute mnenne snaunmo nx nac xax no ncem, rax n no nexoroptm
nonpocam.
Paccxaxem nam ncropnm, xoropym ycntmann ne rax anno. Hama npnxrentnnna npnrnacnna
na enono yxnn n pecropan naxnoro nx cex xnnenra myxunny nectma spenoro nospacra,
nmemmero onontno ntcoxn craryc. On saxasan ouent mnoro onnnox n nect neuep nepnonuecxn
en nx, npnuem xnno es ocooro +nrysnasma. K xonny yxnna, nemnoro paccnannmnct, on
samernn: Bt ymaere, x nmnm onnnxn? a x nx repnert ne mory, no net nce xe exr. Hao
coornercrnonart.
Bcnomnnre, sacrannxnn nn nt cex uro-nnyt enart nnn xax-ro ntrnxert npocro noromy,
uro rax enamr nce nnn oxct xomy-ro ne nonpannrtcx? Hanepnoe, a. Taxne cnryannn tnamr y
mnornx, no nx nexoroptx +ro cranonnrcx npenxrcrnnem na nyrn x ynepenno, cuacrnnno n
un1pnn Bonoroen, Cne1nana Bnanunponna Hnanona: Anunan +qqex1nnnoc1t na 100%: Cpocn1t annac1, nan1n
cen, oc1nut nenn
11
nonno xnsnn.
Houemy xe pacmnpennax pe]epenrnax rpynna moxer memart nam? eno n rom, uro,
opnenrnpyxct na mnenne oxpyxammnx, rpannnn, moy nnn na ynepennocrt, uro nce rax
enamr, mt moxem:
norepxrt cocrnennym nnnnnyantnocrt;
enart ro, uro ocrannxer nam nenpnxrnte +monnn (ncnomnnre npnmep c onnnxamn);
oxasartcx n cnryannn, xora manemee neoopenne yer ntnnart ns xonen n ntstnart
cocroxnne, nnsxoe x enpeccnnnomy (net ncem nonpannrtcx nenosmoxno);
cronxnyrtcx c xon]nnxrom oxnann (npnneem anantnt npnmep: urot npannrtcx
nauantnnxy, nao cocpeorounrtcx na paore n ne ornnexartcx na omenne c xonneramn, myrxn n
npoune xn-xn n xa-xa, a urot pacnonoxnrt x cee xonner enart nce naoopor).

Moryr nosnnxnyrt n pyrne nponemt.
Orxya y nac +ror npar pacmnpennax pe]epenrnax rpynna? K coxanennm, +ro nopoxenne
rocyapcrnennoro crpox n xnsnennoro yxnaa, n xoropom ntpocnn mt n xax mnnnmym namn
ponrenn. Kax nsnecrno, ropaso nerue ynpannxrt nmtmn, xoropte cnntno sanncxr or
omecrnennoro mnennx, oopennx nnn nopnnannx, nexenn nmtmn nesanncnmtmn. Ho+romy nce
o ro nnn nno crenenn rorannrapnte nnacrn n neonornn crpemnnnct maxcnmantno pacmnpnrt
pe]epenrnym rpynny, cenart rax, urot uenonex xax moxno pexe ocranancx ne na nny n xnn
cam no cee, ne ornxtnaxct na onenxy oxpyxammnx. Kpome roro, cxasannct n onpeenennte
rpannnn Poccnn, concem eme neanno arpapno crpant crpant epenent. Onnm ns ocnonntx
saxonon xnsnn n epenne tno mnenne oxpyxammnx: uro nmn cxaxyr?
Mnorne ns nac moryr ncnomnnrt cnyuan ns cnoero ercrna (ocoenno ecnn ono npnmnoct na
conercxne npemena), nornepxammne ycranonxy na mnenne nnemnnx pe]epenrntx rpynn:
nocnrt oma crapym, nonomennym oexy (mexy npounm, nepe camtmn nnsxnmn
nmtmn) n oenartcx napxno, ornpannxxct n rocrn nnn na xaxoe-ro ropxecrno;
Mama, noxaxn rocrxm, xax rt ymeemt rannenart;
xnnem ne xyxe nme epexno xpannmt xpycrant n ]ap]op, xoroptm nnxora ne
nontsyemcx, ntcrannxercx nx rocre;
nennxax nnacrt crapymex na nanxax nepe omom npyr uro cxaxyr nnn noymamr.

Hpnunno nosnnxnonennx cnnmxom mnpoxo pe]epenrno rpynnt moryr trt n ycranonxn
cemtn, ocoenno ecnn raxoe xe noneenne xapaxrepno nx ponrene. Bosmoxna n nexoropax
npepacnonoxennocrt x nnemnemy rnny pe]epennnn (mt yer +ro nopono ocyxart n
pasene Kax mt onennnaem cex n npnnnmaem pemennx, nnn Tnn pe]epennnn, rnana 3).
Orxya y nponemt norn pacryr, renept onee nnn menee nonxrno. Ho nonpoc ne n rom, xro
nnnonar, a n rom, uro enart. Hao xax-ro cyxart pe]epenrnym rpynny. Hpana, sect naxno ne
nepernyrt nanxy, r. e. ne crart aconnantno nnunocrtm, ne ncnoprnrt ornomennx co ncemn, ne
crart rem, xro nyume ncex nce snaer (nanepnoe, raxne rnnaxn nam ncrpeuannct).
Ecrt anropnrm paort no ]opmnponannm onrnmantno pe]epenrno rpynnt, xoropt
nosnonnr nsexart nsnnmne ornxxn na pyrnx, no n ro xe npemx acr nosmoxnocrt
coxpannrt n, moxer trt, axe ynyumnrt nsanmoornomennx c remn, xro ecrnnrentno nx nac
naxen.

Anropn1u qopunponannn on1nuantnon peqepen1non rpynnm

1. Orennrt nonxrne mnenne or nonxrnx nn]opmannx, a snaunmocrt onenxn pyrnx
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12
nme or conmennx npnnnun.
Pe]epenrnax rpynna +ro re nmn, ute mnenne n onenxa nx nac naxnt. Hpn +rom mt
moxem nonyuart nn]opmannm n or rex nme, xoropte n pe]epenrnym rpynny ne nxoxr.
Hntmn cnonamn, noxynax ronap, o xoropom mano uro snaem, mt, pasymeercx, nonyunm y npoanna
nn]opmannm, onaxo ro, uro on o nac ymaer, nac ne nonnyer. Ham aconmrno nce panno, uro
ymamr o namem crnne oext nnn nnemnem nne cocen no noesy (nam espasnnuna nx
onenxa), onaxo mt ne yem napymart rnmnny nocne 23 uacon nnn erart narnmom no necrnnne,
rax xax +ro yer napymennem npnnnun.

2. Onpeennrt xpnrepnn, no xoroptm nmn yyr nxonrt n pe]epenrnym rpynny.
Mt rnyoxo yexent, n +ro nponepeno ne rontxo cocrnenntm ontrom, no n ontrom
pyrnx nme, nx coxpanennx cnoot n nenrnunocrn n namy pe]epenrnym rpynny onxnt
nxonrt rontxo rpn xareropnn nme:
re, xoro mt nmnm (n mnpoxom cmtcne cnona, r. e. +ro n ponte, n nnsxne pystx). Hx
mnenne snaunmo nx nac nne sanncnmocrn or roro, xaxym crenent ynaxennx mt x nnm
ncntrtnaem. Bet nmenno yuer nx mnennx nosnonnr nam cenart nx onee cuacrnnntmn.
Enncrnennoe, uro cronr part n pacuer n annom cnyuae, +ro neoxonmocrt ne satnart o
cee, rax xax n npornnnom cnyuae moxno nerxo crart xeprno mannnynxnn (uro, xcrarn, tnaer
n cemtxx nepexo);
re, or xoro mt sanncnm. Mt yunrtnaem mnenne n onenxy raxnx nme npocro ns uyncrna
camocoxpanennx. Onaxo cronr npnnxrt no nnnmanne, uro n xnsnn mt n camn moxem nnnxrt na
rex, or xoro sanncnm, n ecnn +ra sanncnmocrt cranonnrcx nenepenocnmo n npnnonr x
nocroxnnomy nnyrpennemy xon]nnxry, ro moxno npocro nsmennrt xnsnennym cnryannm
(nanpnmep, ecnn naoeno sanncert or camoypa-nauantnnxa, ocrarouno nomenxrt paory);
re, y xoro mt cunraem nyxntm yunrtcx. Onaxo n +rom cnyuae nao nonpemx nonxrt,
xora yuea saxonuena, n ne crart paom uyxnx mnenn. 3ror rnn pe]epenrno rpynnt cronr
noome ypart, ecnn nt uyncrnyere cex spentm uenonexom. Tora nyume cneonart raxo
moenn: mt yunmcx, nonyuax or cnonx yunrene nn]opmannm, no anannsnpyem ee camn, urot
ntpaorart cnoe mnenne.

3. Orennrt nonxrne yunrtnam or nonxrnx npnnnmam esoronopouno.
Baxnoe ornnune uenonexa co cnoono none saxnmuaercx n rom, uro on moxer (n +ro
cronr enart) yunrtnart mnennx rex, xro nxonr n pe]epenrnym rpynny, no ne npnnnmart ero
esoronopouno.

4. Onpeennrt, n xaxnx nmenno onacrxx nt yere opnenrnponartcx na mnennx nme ns
cnoe pe]epenrno rpynnt.
3ro eme onn naxnt momenr. Hyxno pasennrt c]ept nnnxnnx pe]epenrno rpynnt n
sanncnmocrn or roro, x xaxo xareropnn ornocxrcx nmn, xoroptx mt n nee nxnmunnn:
re, xoro mt nmnm, nx mnenne snaunmo rontxo n ro c]epe, xoropax nenocpecrnenno
xacaercx namnx nsanmoornomenn. Hanpnmep, mnenne myxa xene cronr yunrtnart, xora on
onennnaer ee nonoe nnarte nnn npnuecxy, no ne ee npo]eccnonannsm;
re, or xoro mt sanncnm, nx mnenne snaunmo rontxo n ro c]epe, xoropax cnxsana c +ro
sanncnmocrtm. Hanpnmep, nac moxer nonnonart onenxa pyxononrenem namero
npo]eccnonannsma, no ne namnx nnemnnx anntx;
re, y xoro mt yunmcx, nx mnenne nnrepecyer nac rontxo n ro c]epe, n xoropo onn nx
nac rypy (xorx uyrt pantme mt ronopnnn, uro or +roro rnna pe]epenrno rpynnt nyume noome
un1pnn Bonoroen, Cne1nana Bnanunponna Hnanona: Anunan +qqex1nnnoc1t na 100%: Cpocn1t annac1, nan1n
cen, oc1nut nenn
13
nsannrtcx).

5. Onpeennrt crenent nnnxnnx pe]epenrno rpynnt na cex n cnom xnsnt.
Ha +rom +rane nt onpeenxere rpannny mexy cocrnenntmn cnooo n nennocrxmn n
cnoe nmontm nnn sanncnmocrtm. Hntmn cnonamn, nam nao onpeennrt, o xaxo rpann nt
roront orn. Hanpnmep, roront nn nt pan nmnmoro uenonexa ntrnxert rax, xax nam ne
npannrcx. Hnn yere nn nt yunrtnart mnenne nauantnnxa, or xoroporo sanncnre, napymax npn
+rom xaxne-ro naxnte nx nac nennocrn. Hocraparect sapanee onpeennrt rpannnt, no-nepntx,
nx roro urot ne crart xeprno mannnynxnn, a no-nroptx, urot ne ncrynnrt c coo n
ceptesnt xon]nnxr.

6. Onpeennrt cnoe noneenne n cnyuae xon]nnxra mnenn nnyrpn name pe]epenrno
rpynnt.
Bnonne nosmoxno, uro n namy pe]epenrnym rpynny nxoxr nmn c npornnononoxntmn
nsrnxamn: ro, uero xouer or nac onn ns nnx, ne oopxer pyro. Cronr sapanee paccmorpert
nepoxrnocrt raxoro xon]nnxra n nno ncxnmunrt xoro-ro ns cnoe pe]epenrno rpynnt, nno
paccrannrt npnopnrert. Heuantnt ontr mnornx (xax n cemeno xnsnn, rax n na paore)
noxastnaer, uro cnyra nyx rocno pexo npeycnenaer, no onontno uacro raxax cnryannx
npnnonr x nenposy.

7. Onennrt xenarentnocrt n nosmoxnocrn antnemero cyxennx pe]epenrno rpynnt.
B neane uem mentme nme nxonr n namy pe]epenrnym rpynny, rem nyume.
Hocraparect cysnrt ee maxcnmantno, onaxo ne cronr ncxnmuart ns nee rex, xoro +ro moxer
mopantno rpanmnponart (rex, xoro mt nmnm), a raxxe rex, ncxnmuenne xoroptx cymecrnenno
napymnr namy cocrnennym esonacnocrt (rex, or xoro mt sanncnm).

Cne1nana Hnanona : Hmoonimui, u o:eui saoaeui npu+ep, romopi
norasieaem, :mo +uoeue npueir.u cosoaeami o. ceo c.uuro+ oo.iuvm
peqepeumuvm epvnnv. Hmar, mpeuuue, epvnna no npeu+vuecmev reucra, eo
epe+ roqe-opera (oe.o npoucxooum e ome.e) nooaui ovmepopooi c ervcuo
eem:uuo u c.uuro+ mo.cmo uapesauui+ x.eoo+. Muoeue us v:acmuu oepvm
mo.iro eem:uuv u ocmae.mm x.eo. H eopve ooua us uux eoeopum: C.vuame, a
eeoi o uac noov+amm, :mo +i rarue-mo uerv.imvpuie. Hpu:e+ eoeopum omo
coeepueuuo cepiesuo.


oponontnoe ouamnee saanne
1. Onpeennre nx cex xpyr nme, xoroptx nt nmnre nnn or xoroptx sanncnre (y
xoroptx yunrect), no xenannm. Hoymare n ncxnmunre ns nero ne camtx nnsxnx nnn rex,
xro n ecrnnrentnocrn ne oxastnaer na nac ceptesnoro nnnxnnx.
2. Hpocnenre sa coo n reuenne necxontxnx mecxnen nocne roro, xax nt sanpernnn cee
yunrtnart mnenne rex, xro ne nomen n namy pe]epenrnym rpynny.
3. uerxo onpeennre ry sony, n pamxax xoropo nac nonnyer mnenne nme, nomemnx n
namy pe]epenrnym rpynny.
4. Hocraparect n nnxamee npemx necxontxo pas namepenno ne yunrtnart mnenne nnn
ornomenne nme, ne nxoxmnx n namy pe]epenrnym rpynny, ne napymax npn +rom npnnnun,
Ofpepakfupoean u onynukoean ua cafe : PRESSI ( HERSON )
un1pnn Bonoroen, Cne1nana Bnanunponna Hnanona: Anunan +qqex1nnnoc1t na 100%: Cpocn1t annac1, nan1n
cen, oc1nut nenn
14
saxonon n cocrnenno cncremt nennocre.


Omenpnnn1me yc1anonxn

To.iro mi ca+ suaeui, :mo ecmi xopouo u.u n.oxo .u:uo o.
meo, uvruo u ueuvruo, npaeu.iuo u uenpaeu.iuo.

Cpasy xe xouercx cxasart, uro sa +ro yrnepxenne mnorne moryr nac ocynrt. Bt n cnoem
npane, no nocraparect ycntmart, uro mt xornm nam cxasart.
Kpomxa ctn x orny npnmen, n cnpocnna xpoxa, uro raxoe xopomo, uro raxoe nnoxo, nce
n mxone unrann +ro crnxornopenne Maxxoncxoro (nmontrcrna pan nepeunrare ero,
nnrepecno, co mnornm nn nt ceuac cornacnrect).

A.eua ooeo.iuo oo.eo nima.aci coe.ami rapiepv. Oua no.v:u.a
oono.uume.iuoe oopasoeauue, npur.aoiea.a +accv vcu.u. B ee rpveax
c:uma.oci, :mo rapiepv oe.ami ueooxoou+o. A ua oe.e e xome.oci npocmoeo
reucroeo c:acmi. H eom e raro-mo +o+eum oua rapouua.iuo no+eu.a ceom
rusui: eiu.a sa+vr sa .mou+oeo +vr:uuv u poou.a peoeura. Ce:ac oua
paoomaem, uo uurarux ceepxvcu.u, o. moeo :mooi coe.ami rapiepv, ue
npur.aoieaem. H, uacro.iro +i suae+, oua c:acm.uea.

3ra rema xax t npoonxaer npetymym o pe]epenrntx rpynnax. C ercrna n nac
naunnamr nxnatnart pasnnunte ycranonxn, nepexo npecrannxmmne coo crepeornnt: nao
xopomo yunrtcx; mystxa xopomo, ]yron nnoxo; crapmnx cneyer ynaxart; xenmnnt
onxnt nmnrt ere; nacroxmn myxunna ne nnauer; myxunna onxen coepxart cemtm n nce
raxoe. Taxne ycranonxn moryr nosnnxnyrt no nnnxnnem ponrene, ecnn xnnxmrcx nx
nennocrxmn nnn poxent xnsnenntm ontrom, no onn moryr cnennantno nnepxrtcx n cosnanne
nme nnacrtm nnn pennrne. Tax nor, nce +rn ycranonxn nnuro, ecnn rontxo Bosmoxno, nt
yxe ceuac ncntrtnaere neroonanne: +ro xe ornepramrcx neunte nennocrn! a, ecnn uyrt
nosxe mt oem o +roro ECHH.

Cne1nana Hnanona : Ha ceoux mpeuuueax no noooopv nepcoua.a u
npoeeoeuum uumepeim npu npue+e ua paoomv eceeoa eoeopm, :mo
nparmu:ecru (soeci oonvcram ueoo.iuue ucr.m:euu, uo o uux nomo+) uem
xopouux u n.oxux rauouoamoe, rar uem xopoueeo u.u n.oxoeo noeeoeuu ecmi
nooxoouee u uenooxoouee. Kar npaeu.o, .mou ua:uuamm co +uo cnopumi.
Ho:e+v? Hs-sa omux ca+ix e.oreuuix c oemcmea vcmauoeor. Hanpu+ep,
eoeopm , sauvoui, epeoui ro ece+ ueeamueuo omuocuuc ueooeep:uei
:e.oeer omo xopouo? a, xopouo, o. peeusopa, roumpo.epa, ua:a.iuura
roumpo. ra:ecmea ua npouseoocmee. A nosumueui, omrpimi, .mouu
.moe u euouu e uux mo.iro xopouee, opueumupoeauui ua opvrecrue
omuoueuu? . .moe ua mex oo.ruocmx, o romopix +i eoeopu.u, omu
ra:ecmea ue nooxoom, mar rar maro+v :e.oeerv usua:a.iuo oucro+qopmuo
eiucrueami uapvueuu u roeo-mo uarasieami. 3amo cneua.ucmv no
npooara+ u.u oupermopv no nepcoua.v omu ra:ecmea npocmo ueooxoou+i.
Ue.oeer c raru+u xaparmepucmura+u ovoem rar pas ua ceoe+ +ecme?. A rar
un1pnn Bonoroen, Cne1nana Bnanunponna Hnanona: Anunan +qqex1nnnoc1t na 100%: Cpocn1t annac1, nan1n
cen, oc1nut nenn
15
re, uanpu+ep, :ecmuocmi? Beoi omo re ece+ uvruo, uepeoro npooo.raem
oucrvccum epvnna. Ha :mo npueorv uecro.iro npu+epoe us rusuu, roeoa,
uanpu+ep, om compvouuroe omoe.oe npooar u.u per.a+i/+apremuuea,
uaooopom, oruoa.u eomoeuocmu npuepami npu ueooxoou+ocmu. A no:e+v oi u
uem, ec.u ousuec nocmpoeu ua rpamrocpo:uo+ npooeureuuu u.u omcvmcmeuu
noemopuix norvnor (rar, uanpu+ep, ua piure emopu:uo ru.o
ueoeuru+ocmu e rpvnuix eopooax). Ho , rar ei no+uume, ece-maru oeoeopu.a
ucr.m:euu. Mue mar u ue voa.oci mo.ro+ npuov+ami, e rarux c.v:ax +orem
oimi nosumueuo eocnpuumo eopoecmeo e ro+nauuu, e romopo paoomaeui, a
marre omrpoeeuua ue.o.iuocmi r pvroeoocmev. Bom, nora.v, u ece. A ece
ocma.iuoe +orem oimi rar xopouu+, mar u n.oxu+, u.u, rar eoeopm,
nooxoouu+ u uenooxoouu+.
Ha eue oouo+ ceoe+ mpeuuuee, noceueuuo+ +omueauu u .o.iuocmu,
eoeopm o Hae.ure Moposoee. (Hcmopu omoeo nuouepa-eepo e coeemcroe epe+
oi.a ece+ useecmua: Hae.ur, vsuae o cesu ceoeeo oma c rv.ara+u, cooouu. oo
omo+ e opeaui e.acmu, u eeo oma apecmoea.u. A sa oouoc rv.aru vou.u
nuouepa.) H saoam eonpoc: Hpae .u oi. Hae.ur Moposoe? Heromopie
omee:amm oouosua:uo Hem u.u a (noc.eouux, rcmamu, +euiue), A
ca+ie v+uie cnpauueamm: Hpae c :ie mo:ru speuu? Jmo-mo u e.emc
r.m:o+ r omeemv. C mo:ru speuu coeemcro e.acmu u napmuu ou eepo. C
mo:ru speuu cmopouuuroe ce+euix euuocme ueeoo. Ioe re npaeoa?

Tax npannntno nn, uro xenmnnt onxnt nmnrt ere, myxunnt ne nnaxart, uro crapocrt
nao ynaxart, uro nao sannmartcx cnoprom, trt ornnunnxom, nmert onpeenennte nxyct,
npncrpacrnx, ynnert nnn npounrart uro-nno, noromy uro xaxt nnrennnrenrnt uenonex
onxen +ro snart? Mt ornernm rax ner. Hentsx cxasart, uro +ro npannntno nnn nenpannntno.
3ro nam ntop. Bspocnt uenonex, orneuammn sa cex n cnon nocrynxn, onxen no npany
cnoono nnunocrn cxasart cee: yy npnepxnnartcx raxnx-ro nennocre n ycranonox,
noromy uro x rax xouy, cunram npannntntm, nnaue ne yy ynaxart cex. Hpn +rom nao nmert
myxecrno ne cornamartcx c rem, uro nnepnnn xora-ro n name cosnanne nnn nnepxmr ceuac,
no c uem nt ne cornacnt.
Hnn pyro npnmep, xacammncx ne nennocre, a nopm: cunraercx, uro xenmnna onxna
trt xyomano n oportcx c nennmnnrom. B pesyntrare orpomnoe uncno monotx, concem
mntx n nnonne nspocntx xenmnn rparxr maccy ycnnn, npemx n entrn, crapaxct
coornercrnonart +rnm ycranonxam. a nano t rontxo npemx, entrn n ycnnnx V mnornx
ntmntm nnerom pacnneramr xomnnexct, pacrer neynepennocrt n cee, nosnnxamr n pyrne
nponemt.
A renept nepeem x npaxrnxe n nepntm enom paccmorpnm re npannna, xoroptmn mt
pyxonocrnyemcx n cnoe xnsnn n xaxnmn xornm noennrtcx c namn.

Hpannno nepnoe. Ha yponne nennoc1en

uecrno ncmorpnrect n cex: xaxne nennocrn nt na camom ene pasenxere, no uro nepnre.
Hponeptre cex, ornernn na cneymmne nonpoct:
ecrnnrentno nn +ro nennocrt rnox? Her nn xoro-ro n rnoem oxpyxennn, xro ree
ycnnenno ee nanxstnaer? Ecrt nn y rex comnennx n npannntnocrn +ro nennocrn? He nnnxer nn
na rex moa?
Ofpepakfupoean u onynukoean ua cafe : PRESSI ( HERSON )
un1pnn Bonoroen, Cne1nana Bnanunponna Hnanona: Anunan +qqex1nnnoc1t na 100%: Cpocn1t annac1, nan1n
cen, oc1nut nenn
16
Bxonr nn +ra nennocrt n xon]nnxr c xaxnmn-ro pyrnmn rnonmn nennocrxmn? Ecnn a,
ro uerxo npnmn pemenne, ntepn ro, uro nx rex naxnee, n ontme ne myuacx comnennxmn.
Moxno, xcrarn, ncnomnnrt ncropnm xon]nnxra Tapaca Fyntt c ctnom Anpnem
1
, xoropt
npenouen nmont onry nepe oreuecrnom. Onxrt xe nentsx sa xaxtm ns nnx npnsnart
aconmrnym npanory nnn nenpanory, npocro xaxt onpeennn cnom mxany nennocre.
Ioron nn rt nocrynnrtcx nnn axe noxeprnonart uem-nno pan +ro nennocrn? uem
nmenno? Ecnn nnuem ne roron, ro npx nn +ro rnoe.
Ecrt nn n +ro ycranonxe ro, uro ntstnaer y rex comnennx? Hocrapacx pasopartcx n
cee n nno npeoonert comnennx, nno orxasartcx or ycranonxn.
Hennocrn uenonexa ouent naxnt n nepnym ouepet nx nero camoro, rax xax onn xnnxmrcx
mepnnom ero ornomennx x cee. B +ro xnnre mt ne orpnnaem n ne yrnepxaem xaxne-nno
nennocrn. Mt xornm cxasart nnmt ono: rontxo ncrnnnte nennocrn moryr cenart namy xnsnt
nyume n nontcnrt ocosnannocrt npnnxrnx pemenn n noneennx; noxnte, monte, nanxsannte,
npornnopeunnte nennocrn nnn nnocxr n xnsnt xaoc n nerarnn, nnn sacrannxmr nac nrpart
onpeenennym pont.
Xopomo nn nepnrt n ora? Hmnrt ere? 3amnmart npnpoy n ncrynart n naprnm
senentx? Orcrannart nen nayxn n nporpecca n orpnnart cymecrnonanne ora? Homorart
rontxo rem, xro roro ocronn, n npesnpart rex, xro oxarnncx o xnsnn omxa? uro naxnee
cemtx n cemente nennocrn nnn xaptepa?
Bce +ro ne xopomo n ne nnoxo. 3ro nno xnnxercx name nennocrtm, nno ner.
Hocraparect onpeennrtcx c rem, no uro nt ecrnnrentno nepnre, n cpocnrt annacr
nanxsanntx nam ycranonox.

He mar oaeuo +i ooua.uci c oouo +o.ooo reuuuuo, romopa ca+a
ooee.a ceo nparmu:ecru oo uepeuoeo cpiea. Heuseecmuo, rar ovoem
cr.aoieamic ee rusui oa.iue, onucieam no.oreuue oe. ua ceeoouuuu
oeui. O.iea rapiepucmra. Oua vcneuuo paoomaem, eopum ceou+ oe.o+,
cnocoouocmu ee oecmeume.iuo ee.uru, rar u vpoeeui ro+nemeumuocmu. Oua
nocmouuo no coocmeeuuo uuuuamuee, ue ooruoaci npusieoe pvroeoocmea,
noeiuaem rea.uquraum, +uoeo :umaem no npoqeccuu. O.iea a+ouuosua u
xo:em pacmu oa.iue. Ce:ac e oro.o mpuoamu .em. B :e+ npoo.e+a? Oua ue
xo:em u+emi ce+im. Hv uem v uee omo euuocmu! Oouaro ee pooume.u u
roe-rmo us noopve uacmo:ueo eueopmm e +ic.i o ee uero ueuop+a.iuocmu
u.u vuepouocmu, nomo+v :mo raroa reuuuua oo.rua .moumi oeme u
cmpe+umic u+emi ce+im. B umoee eosuur +v:ume.iui rouq.urm +erov ee
pea.iui+u euuocm+u ua mervuu +o+eum omo rapiepa u npoqeccu u
uaesieae+i+u co cmopoui. B xooe paseoeopa voa.oci voeoumi O.iev, :mo ee
euuocmu uu:vmi ue xvre euuocme ee +amepu u noopve. E npocmo uvruo
:ecmuo omeemumi ca+o ceoe, :mo e ce:ac earuee (oua oouosua:uo eiopa.a
rapiepv), u npocmo ue oopauami euu+auu ua +ueuue orpvramuux, xom,
oesvc.oeuo, cmoum coxpaumi eueuuu no.umec u eer.ueocmi.

A nor eme onn npnmep, c name rouxn spennx, nonoxnrentnt.


1
Cm. nonecrt H. Ioronx Tapac Fynta, a raxxe ntmemn na +xpant ononmennt ]nntm.

un1pnn Bonoroen, Cne1nana Bnanunponna Hnanona: Anunan +qqex1nnnoc1t na 100%: Cpocn1t annac1, nan1n
cen, oc1nut nenn
17
B omuocume.iuo ueoo.iuo+ eopooe ecmi nperpacuo paseumoe
npouseoocmeo X. B.aoe.e ousueca e.emc eeuepa.iui+ oupermopo+, eeo
reua oupermopo+ no nepcoua.v. Hpu omo+ uuraro ce+ecmeeuuocmu, ooa
uacmouue npoqeccuoua.i, romopie nocmouuo paoomamm uao cooo (:mo,
:ecmuo eoeop, o. marux cumvau oo.iua peorocmi). Hpu omo+ ux e.im ua
ceeoouuuu oeui, cropee eceeo, e.mmc vre ue oeuieu, a pea.usau ceoux
uoe u a+ouu. Tar eom, ouu npuov+a.u maroe c.oeo ousuecoeocmi, :mo
osua:aem opueumaum :e.oeera ua ousuec, oe.o, pesv.imam, npoqeccuoua.iuie
a+ouuu. H ue cmecummc eoeopumi o mo+, :mo cmapammc ue opami ua
paoomv .moe, romopie oo.iue opueumupoeaui ua .u:uvm rusui, :e+ ua oe.o.
(a u ue npurueammc ouu v uux e ro+nauuu.) Onmi-maru +i ce:ac ue
eoeopu+ o mo+, npaeu.iuo .u ouu nocmvnamm, e.aeuoe ouu eiopa.u o. ceo
euuocmi, ue cmecummc ee, pvroeoocmevmmc em u ue nimammc oe.ami
euo, :mo ece ue mar.

Cne1nana Hnanona : Koeoa npuu.a paoomami e ro+nauum Johnson &
Johnson, mo nosuaro+u.aci c maru+ oorv+eumo+, rar Kpeoo. Jmo cosoauui
eue e 40-x ee. XX e. +opa.iuo-omu:ecru rooerc ro+nauuu. B :acmuocmu, ooua
us euuocme omoeo rooerca eoeopu.a o mo+, :mo ro+nauu oo.rua ocmae.mi
.mo+ epe+ u eos+oruocmu o. no.uoeuuo pea.usauu ceo e .u:uo rusuu
u ce+ie. Hpu omo+ sa+emu.a, :mo e ro+nauuu ue npuumo vxooumi c paoomi
eoepe+. Jmo, roue:uo, ue eocnpeuaemc, uo eisieaem rocie ese.oi. Uepes
ueromopoe epe+ cma.a c omu+ oopomic. Mo ocuoeuo apev+eum oi.
maru+ ec.u +i eepu+ e euuocmi Kpeoo, ec.u +i ee pasoe.e+ e
oecmeume.iuocmu, a ue ua ov+aee, mo oo.rui ee coo.moami. Hoomo+v +i
u.u voupae+ oer.apupve+vm euuocmi, .uoo rv.imueupve+ ceoeepe+euui vxoo
c paoomi. Om:acmu +ue voa.oci us+euumi cumvaum.

Her nnuero xyxe n paspymnrentnee nennocre n ycranonox, xoroptx mt npnepxnnaemcx
ns coopaxenn urot tno. Hennocrn cosnarentnt rontxo n rom cnyuae, ecnn onn
ecrnnrentno namn n xnnxmrcx nx nac nyrenono sneso. Hennocrn paspymnrentnt, ecnn
onn nanxsant, xnnxmrcx antm moe, crepeornnam nnn npnnnunxm.

Hpannno n1opoe. Ha yponne nopu n npannn

3ect peut noer o rom rnne ycranonox, xoropte rpyno ornecrn x xareropnn nennocre
xax raxontx ns-sa nx npnsemnennocrn, no n ro xe npemx onn moryr oxastnart ne mentmee
nnnxnne na namy ycnemnocrt, na namy xnsnt noome n +monnn, xoropte y nac nosnnxamr.
Hpnmept: nao necrn axrnnnt opas xnsnn, trt xytm, ntrnxert onpeenenntm opasom,
unrart ne erexrnnt, a nacroxmym xyoxecrnennym nnreparypy, cmorpert nacroxmee xnno, a ne
oennxn. H rax anee
Ecrt mero, xoropt nomoraer nam trt ycnemnee n nonyuart nosnrnn or xnsnn: npexe
uem npnepxnnartcx xaxo-ro nopmt, nocrannrt cee na nonpoca sauem n nouemy?
Hao trt mono? 3auem, uro mne +ro acr? Ecnn orner na nonpoc ne npornnopeunr
panee onpeenenntm nennocrxm, nopma npnnnmaercx. Ecnn ner, nopmy ornepraem.
Hao xyert? A nao nn? Bosmoxno, namemy naprnepy nnn naprnepme ne npanxrcx xyte
nmn. Tora namn xeprnt yyr nanpacntmn.
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Cne1nana Hnanona : Kar-mo npume.iuua paccrasa.a o uaue ooue
suaro+o, romopa mauo :umaem reucrue po+aui. B ee rpvev omo ue
npuumo. Oua oe+oucmpupvem, :mo uumepecvemc mo.iro
eicorouume..ermva.iuo u.u +oouo .umepamvpo. A eom ue cmecumci
moeo, :mo .mo.m oemermuei u :acmo ux :umam. Kar r.accu:ecrue, mar u
coepe+euuie. 3a:e+ +ue :umami eicorouume..ermva.iuvm .umepamvpv? A
uesa:e+. Ho.v:a eicuee qu.o.oeu:ecroe oopasoeauue, ua:uma.aci maro
.umepamvpi oocmamo:uo. B +oe npoqeccuu oua +ue more ue npueooumc.
V+cmeeuuix vcu.u oocmamo:uo npur.aoieam ua paoome. Tar :mo o. ceo
eiopa.a uop+v :umami mo, :mo upaeumc e oauui +o+eum, nocro.irv
:meuue o. +eu omoix, a ue paooma. Oouaro oi. e +oe rusuu nepuoo,
roeoa cosuame.iuo sanpemu.a ceoe :umami :mo-.uoo, rpo+e
npoqeccuoua.iuo ousuec-.umepamvpi. Ho nepeo omu+ uau.a o. ceo
uvruie omeemi ua eonpoci sa:e+? u no:e+v?. Mue ueooxoou+o oi.o sa
ropomru cpor cvuecmeeuuo noeicumi rea.uquraum u pacuupumi rpveosop e
ousuece, mar rar ua:a.a paoomami rar ousuec-mpeuep, u meopemu:ecroeo
oaeara, romopi v +eu oi. r mo+v +o+eumv, +ue oi.o euo ueoocmamo:uo.

Ocnonnax nex, xoropax nomoraer xnrt n rapmonnn c coo n ne enart nnmnnx nnxenn,
saxnmuaercx n rom, uro:
nennocrn onxnt trt namnmn n rontxo namnmn, a ne nanxsanntmn nsnne;
nopmt xnsnn onxnt cnyxnrt nam (onxen trt naen orner na nonpoct sauem? n
nouemy?), a ne nt onxnt cranonnrtcx nx paom.
Hrax, nennocrn n ycranonxn +ro name nce, ecnn Bor mt omnn o +roro ECHH, xax n
oemann. Ecnn +ro nmenno BABH nennocrn, nopmt n npannna, nt ncxpenne nx pasenxere.
Tora onn cranyr name nyrenono sneso, mepnnom n npnnxrnn pemenn, nosmoxnocrtm
xnrt n rapmonnn c coo.



oponontnoe ouamnee saanne
1. Hepecmorpnre nennocrn n nopmt c rex nosnnn, o xoroptx mt ronopnnn.
2. Hocraparect ncxnmunrt ne cnon.
3. Honpoyre ne nocrecnxrtcx cxasart o cnonx ycranonxax, o rom, uro nt pantme oxnnct
npnsnart no rem nnn nntm npnunnam (rontxo, xoneuno, es ymepa nx cocrnenno
esonacnocrn).


Cxnonnoc1t x oumcnnnannm

Hurmo, rpo+e meo, ue +orem mo:uo suami, no:e+v mi mar
nocmvnu..

3a:acmvm uaue noeeoeuue omparaemc e eocnpumuu
orpvramuux, rar e rpueo+ sepra.e, u ue u+eem uu:eeo ooueeo c
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19
uauu+u ua+epeuu+u.

Bosmoxno, mnorne ns nac nomnxr +nnso ns ]nntma Fpnnnnanronax pyxa, xora rnannt
repo npnmen omo nocne ntxnxn n snamennro Hecnn npo sanen. Xena naxonr y nero xyuy
ener n nncroner. H ryr xe cama npnymtnaer uyonnmnym ncropnm npo ro, uro on cran
mnnonom n ero ntrann. Bcm ncropnm ona ocnontnaer rontxo na ero ntxno-conntx pennnxax.
Taxo nanor ne rax yx pexo ncrpeuaercx n n peantno xnsnn.
On ne nosnan menx n xnno, snaunr on menx ne nmnr. Pas onastnaer na paory, snaunr,
ne noxnen n ne ynaxaer xomnannm n cnoero pyxononrenx. Pas nomenxn paory naxt sa na
roa, snaunr, necrannen. Bce +ro moxno nasnart cxnonnocrtm x omtcnnnannm namepenn
pyrnx, nanemnnannem xpntxon, xorx na camom ene mt nnnm rontxo ecrnnx, no n
ontmnncrne cnyuaen ne moxem rouno snart npnunnt +rnx ecrnn. Hpexe uem mt ocynm,
nouemy cxnonnocrt x omtcnnnannm nnoxo, nponeptre cex ornertre na npnneennt sect
recr.

Tec1

Hnc1pyxnnn
Hpounrare rexcr n nocraparect ero sanomnnrt c onoro pasa (eme nyume, ecnn xro-ro nam
ero npounraer). 3arem nam aercx necxontxo ]pas, ecnn ]pasa nonnocrtm coornercrnyer
coepxannm, r. e. cmtcny rexcra, ro nt crannre +, ecnn ne coornercrnyer, ro . Cneptre cnon
ornert c xnmuom, npnneenntm n xonne pasena.

Texc1
Onn ns corpynnxon tn neononen cnonm oxnaom. Hocne pasronopa c
pyxononrenem c rnasy na rnas on nanncan saxnnenne o yxoe no cocrnennomy
xenannm. Konnern nmnnn corpynnxa, coxanenn o ero yxoe n ymann, uro
moxno npenpnnxrt, urot on ocrancx.

Cranx nnmct n mnnyct, noxanycra, ne sarnxtnare n rexcr.

mpasm
1. Corpynnx nonyuan neocrarouno ener.
2. Hauantnnx orxasancx nontcnrt corpynnxy oxna.
3. Corpynnx ouent xopomo paoran.
4. Corpynnx ronopnn c pyxononrenem o nontmennn oxnaa.
5. Konnern ouent nmnnn corpynnxa n coxanenn o ero yxoe.
6. Konnern yronapnnann corpynnxa ocrartcx.
7. Corpynnx noxnnyn xomnannm.
8. Corpynnx tn ynonen sa cnon rpeonannx.
9. Konnern ymann, uro moxno npenpnnxrt, urot corpynnx ocrancx.
10. Hauantnnx tn neononen corpynnxom.
11. Corpynnx ronopnn c pyxononrenem onn na onn.
12. V corpynnxa tna xopomax penyrannx.
13. Corpynnx tn neononen ycnonnxmn rpya.
14. V corpynnxa tno mnoro pyse.

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Knmu x 1ec1y
1. Corpynnx nonyuan neocrarouno ener.
(entrn n oxna nemn pasnte, neononen n nonyuan neocrarouno roxe.)


2. Hauantnnx orxasancx nontcnrt corpynnxy oxna.
(Mt +roro snaem, xorx moxem omtcnnrt.)


3. Corpynnx ouent xopomo paoran.


4. Corpynnx ronopnn c pyxononrenem o nontmennn oxnaa.
(Tax xe, xax n nonpoce 2.)


5. Konnern ouent nmnnn corpynnxa n coxanenn o ero yxoe.
+

6. Konnern yronapnnann corpynnxa ocrartcx.


7. Corpynnx noxnnyn xomnannm.
(To, uro on nanncan saxnnenne, eme ne osnauaer, uro on ymen: on moxer n nepeymart.)


8. Corpynnx tn ynonen sa cnon rpeonannx.


9. Konnern ymann, uro moxno npenpnnxrt, urot corpynnx ocrancx.
+

10. Hauantnnx tn neononen corpynnxom.


11. Corpynnx ronopnn c pyxononrenem onn na onn.
(C rnasy na rnas n onn na onn ono n ro xe.)
+

12. V corpynnxa tna xopomax penyrannx.
(a, xonnern ero nmnnn, no npn +rom enonax penyrannx ne oxsarentno onxna trt
xopome.)


13. Corpynnx tn neononen ycnonnxmn rpya.
(3naem rontxo npo oxna.)

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21

14. V corpynnxa tno mnoro pyse.
(pyxa nonxrne nycroponnee, a mt snaem rontxo o rom, uro xonnern ero nmnnn.)


Ecnn nam pesyntrar coepxnr onee nyx omnox, ro cronr ouent ceptesno n nnnmarentno
npounrart +ror pasen; ecnn nt ne omnnnct nn pasy, ro npounrart cneyer ne nx
xoppexrnponxn cocrnennoro noneennx, a nx roro, urot nyume nonnmart nponemt, xoropte
moryr nosnnxnyrt y pyrnx nme.


Hrax, nmn, paccmarpnnax onpeenennte ecrnnx, nocrynxn, cnona pyrnx nme,
anromarnuecxn nnrepnpernpymr nx, pemax, nouemy nmenno uenonex rax nocrynnn nnn cxasan.
A renept anare onpeennmcx c repmnnamn.

Honeenne ro, xax nmenno uenonex nocrynaer, xaxne ecrnnx mt
nnnm.
Hauepenne ro, uro, no mnennm uenonexa, nexnr n ocnone ero noneennx,
nouemy on nocrynaer nmenno rax, a ne nnaue, uero on n ecrnnrentnocrn xouer.
3nauenne nama nnrepnperannx noneennx pyroro uenonexa, xoropoe mt
nnnm co cropont, r. e. ro, xax mt ero oxcnxem.

Tax nor, noneenne +ro ]axr, xoropt mt rouno snaem n nnnm. A ne snax rouno
namepennx uenonexa, ronxonanne +roro ]axra mt moxem paccmarpnnart rontxo xax rnnoresy.
Ecnn rnnoresy mt nyraem c ]axrom, r. e. onosnauno omtcnnnaem namepennx pyroro uenonexa,
ro moxem npnunnnrt n cee, n pyrnm ceptesnte nenpnxrnocrn. Bce eno n rom, uro npnunnt
noneennx moryr trt ouent pasntmn, nnnort o namerpantno npornnononoxntx. On ne
npnrnacnn menx n xnno, snaunr on menx ne nmnr. On ne npnrnacnn menx n xnno, noromy uro
xonnr entrn mne na xopomn noapox xo nm poxennx. Pyxononrent cenan mne
sameuanne, noromy uro on menx neonmnnnaer. Pyxononrent cenan mne sameuanne, snaunr
x nx nero naxen n on xouer, urot x pasnnnancx. Kax nnnre, n sanncnmocrn or ntopa
napnanron peaxnnx moxer trt ouent pasno. Cneonarentno, ornernax peaxnnx moxer trt
aconmrno nenepno n nerarnnno orpasnrtcx xax na nac, rax n na rom uenonexe, c xoroptm nt
nmeere eno.

Muoeo .em npopaoomae e cqepe vnpae.euu u ro++vuurauu, +i o:eui
:acmo euoe.u, rar .mou coeepuamm ouuoru, cesauuie c oo+ic.ueauue+,
c+eueuue+ qarmoe u eunomes, u omo npueooum r cepiesui+ noc.eocmeu+.
Hanpu+ep, oi.o npuumo peueuue o npue+e :e.oeera ua oo.ruocmi, eoe oi.
ueooxoou+ .uoepcru nomeuua., ua ocuoeauuu moeo, :mo ua npeoiovue+
+ecme paoomi rauouoam oicmpo coe.a. rapiepv. Oouaro ou ue onpaeoa.
oruoauu. B roue rouoe eicuu.oci, :mo ua npeoiovue+ +ecme v ueeo oi.
o.am: ou oi. poocmeeuuuro+ oouoeo us pvroeooume.e, u mom eeo npooeuea..
pveo uumepecui npu+ep, roeoa ua ocuoeauuu qarma o.ume.iuo
paoomi rauouoamru ua oouo+ +ecme oi. coe.au eieoo o ee eicoro cmeneuu
.o.iuocmu, oouaro npu npoeepre pero+euoau, c.aea ooev, eicuu.oci, :mo ee
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npocmo ue +oe.u veo.umi us-sa cmamvca +amepu-oouuo:ru, a +euee .o.iuoeo
:e.oeera oi.o oi mpvouo uamu.
Eue oouu npu+ep. Paoomaem :e.oeer e ro+nauuu, u epooe oi ece xopouo.
Oouaro sa+emu.u, :mo ou :acmo npepieaem me.eqouui paseoeop, roeoa
rmo-mo exooum e ro+uamv, u.u eixooum c me.eqouo+ e opveoe no+eueuue, eoe
uuroeo uem. Pvroeooume.i, sa+emue omo, peuu., :mo compvouur saum
noucro+ paoomi. Hocro.irv ou oi. euui+ compvouuro+, pvroeooume.i e
cpo:uo+ nopore eiou. e+v noeiueuue sapn.ami u cmamvca. A ua oe.e v ueeo
npocmo oi. oman c.oruix omuoueuu c reuo, u compvouur ue xome., :mooi
ux paseoeopi c.iua.u orpvramuue. Bom raro eiuepiu no.v:u.
ueroauuo-ueeaoauuo :e.oeer us-sa cr.ouuocmu pvroeooume. oo+ic.ueami.

B xnno n nnreparype ecrt nemano npnmepon, xora nmenno omtcnnnanne npnnonno x
rparenxm nnn xomenxm. ocrarouno ncnomnnrt Xnecraxona ns Pennsopa Ioronx nnn rnent
Bnanmnpa Hencxoro ns-sa roro, uro on omtcnnn namepennx Onernna n ornomennn Ontrn.
ymaercx, rpyno cocunrart n cnyuan nopymenno nmnn, n xoroptx nnnonaro omtcnnnanne. A
nnrpnrn na paore, ontmax uacrt xoroptx crponrcx na npnntuxe nme omtcnnnart cnryannn,
a ne ntrartcx n nnx pasopartcx. Mt xe c namn nocrapaemcx ypart ns cnoe xnsnn nponemt, c
xoroptmn uenoneuecrno cranxnnaercx n reuenne mnornx ner.
Pasymeercx, rnannt nonpoc: uro xe enart?

Kax nsann1tcn o1 npnnmuxn oumcnnna1t

1. uerxo orenxem ]axrt or rnnores, nocroxnno nponepxx cex n rpennpyxct.
2. Btnnraem xaxym-ro ony rnnoresy n crapaemcx narn xax moxno ontme
antrepnarnnntx rnnores, xoropte orpaxamr npornnononoxnte napnanrt, r. e. crapaemcx
naxonrt rnnorest ne rontxo n nosnrnnnom pycne, no n ne rontxo n nerarnnnom. (Hanpnmep,
]axr: uenonex npopaoran na onom mecre es xaptepnoro pocra onee nxrn ner. Moxno
ntnnnyrt pasnonanpannennte rnnorest on ontme ncero nennr cranntnocrt, emy naxno
paorart nnsxo x omy, on ne crpemnrcx x xaptepnomy pocry nnn ecrt uro-ro pyroe, uro ero
ycrpannaer, nennn n xoncepnarnnen, ouent noxnen n onrcx nonecrn nme. Btnnnyrte
rnnorest pasnonanpannennt onn nosnrnnnt, pyrne nerarnnnt, a rpertn nerpantnt.)
3. Oxsarentno nponepxem xaxym rnnoresy maxcnmantntm xonnuecrnom cnocoon, npn
+ro crapaemcx ntpart nanonee naexnte. B cnyuaxx, xora omnxa n ntope rnnorest moxer
crart xpnrnuecxo, crapaemcx nepenponepnrt ]nnantnym rnnoresy mnnnmym na pasa. Hponepxrt
rnnorest moxno xax c nomomtm npxmtx nonpocon, xoropte mt saaem uenonexy (npana, n +rom
cnyuae ecrt pncx nonyunrt nnn connantno-xenarentnt, nnn nencxpennn orner ns-sa crpaxa
trt neoopenntm), rax n npxmoro omana. Mt moxem nponepxrt rnnorest, conpax
nn]opmannm na cropone, nponepxx pexomenannn npn npneme na paory, conocrannxx nx c
noneennem +roro uenonexa n pyrnx cnryannxx, nocnontsonartcx nx nponepxn meroamn
nnrepntm, ecnn peut ner o paore, nnn meroom anannsa meranporpamm, uro npnmennmo n n
uacrno xnsnn. A moxno nponecrn n nexn +xcnepnmenr, r. e. cmoennponart cnryannm, xora
craner nonxrna npnunna noneennx. Hpnmep: ctn, enax ypoxn no maremarnxe, nocroxnno
opamaercx x orny sa nomomtm (y orna rexnnuecxoe opasonanne). Bonpoc: ctn ne ymeer pemart
saaun, ne crapaercx nnn xe npocro nyxaercx no nnnmannn. Oren necxontxo neuepon nopx
ronopnr ctny, uro y nero cpounax paora n npocnr ne ornnexart. H nce saaun ctn ycnemno
pemaer camocroxrentno. Btno (xcrarn, nonnocrtm norom nornepnnmncx): mantunx
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cen, oc1nut nenn
23
nyxaercx no nnnmannn. Moxno npecrannrt, uro raxax xe cnryannx cxnatnaercx n
ornomennxx mexy pyxononrenem n nounnenntm. uacrt +rnx meroon onee npnmennma n
nsnece, uacrt n nnuno xnsnn. Onaxo camoe rnannoe nanre cnoco nponepnrt rnnoresy n
yenrtcx n ee npannntnocrn nnn nenpannntnocrn.

Pasepem necxontxo cnryann, na npnmepe xoroptx nponepnm ror naop npannn, xoropte
rontxo uro ocynnn. Hrax, nonpoyre ntnnnyrt xax moxno ontme rnnores n ornomennn
npnunn noneennx nme. A norom npoymare, xax moxno nponepnrt xaxym ns rnnores n
onennrt ee npannntnocrt.

1. Bama xonnera npyr nauana ropaso monee oenartcx n cnenrt sa coo.
Ona nononnnna cno rapepo n cmennna nmnx.
2. Bam peenox, xoropt yunrcx n nxrom xnacce, pantme paccxastnan nam o
rom, uro nponcxonr n mxone (nmemrcx n nny ne onenxn, a ornomennx n np.), a
nocnenne na mecxna npyr nepecran. C ycnenaemocrtm nce n nopxxe.
3. Pyxononrent cocenero orena nnxax ne pemnr nponemy c nexoroptmn
ns cnonx nounnenntx, xoropte nonoxr name nopasenenne, xorx nt ero
neonoxparno npocnnn pasopartcx c +rnm nonpocom.
4. Bam nounnennt nocroxnno cnpamnnaer y nac, xax ntnonnxrt ry nnn
nnym nocrannennym namn saauy, xorx nt cunraere, uro on ocrarouno
xomnerenren, urot ntnonnxrt nx camocroxrentno.
5. Bama xena npyr cenana nam na 23 ]enpanx (r. e. ne camt ceptesnt
nono) neotuno oporo noapox.


oponontnoe ouamnee saanne
1. Bcnomnnre cnryannn, xora nt omnouno omtcnnnn namepennx pyrnx nme. K xaxnm
nocnecrnnxm +ro npnneno?
2. Ftnn nn cnyuan, xora nam n uem-ro noxno onnnnnn (n ceptesnom nnn no menouam),
npnnncan nam noyxennx, xaxnx y nac n n mtcnxx ne tno. Bcnomnnre cnon +monnn n uyncrna.
Xorenoct nn t nam nnont c +rnm cronxnyrtcx?
3. B nnxamn mecxn nnn na nocraparect, anannsnpyx noneenne pyroro uenonexa
nno nexne ]axrt, ntnnnyrt maxcnmym rnnores, oxcnxmmnx ero.


Hera1nnnsu n qa1annsu

Ue.oeer peruccep ceoe rusuu u oouoepe+euuo ucno.uume.i
e.aeuo po.u. Ec.u omrasamic om omux po.e, mo cmoum
c+upumic c me+, :mo ceuapu eac ue vcmpoum.

Mnoro cronern mnoxecrny nme cosamr nponemt nerarnnnsm n ]arannsm. Mt ne
yer ocyxart sect pennrnosnte n nonnrnuecxne reuennx, xoropte cnntno cnococrnonann
pasnnrnm +rnx nyx ocoennocre uenoneuecxo ncnxnxn n cosnannx. Hpocro npnneem npnmept
cnryann, n xoroptx nerarnnnsm n ]arannsm nomemann nmxm nonyunrt cnoe cuacrte nnn
onrtcx ycnexa.
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He cyta mne, ronopnr eme nnonne npnnnexarentnax (norennnantno) xenmnna, y
xoropo na onpeenennom +rane neyauno cnoxnnact nnunax xnsnt, n orner na coner cnoe
npnxrentnnnt nsmennrt nmnx n cnenrt sa coo. A nmenno +ro n cneonano t cenart.
Pas mne ne nonesno ponrtcx n cemte co cnxsxmn n nosmoxnocrxmn, ro ne cronr axe
ntrartcx nocrynart n npecrnxnt nys.
Bor cxontxo y nee noxnonnnxon, a pasne ona oparnr na menx nnnmanne.
Hy, pas npecrnxnt nys ne yanoct saxonunrt, ne cronr n ntrartcx narn xopomym
paory.

C coxanennem npnxonrcx xoncrarnponart, uro uacro noonte ycranonxn ]opmnpymr
ponrenn y cnonx ere:
Hy, nect n orna, raxo xe neyaunnx, nnuero nyrnoro ns rex ne ntpacrer;
Ceuac noxn, norom xynnrannrt naunemt, a ram n o rmptmt pyxo noart;
a, ouentxa, xomy rt yemt nyxna c raxo nnemnocrtm.

Hanepnoe, ontmnncrno ronopxr rax ne no snoe, onaxo raxne ntcxastnannx moryr
sanporpammnponart uenonexa na nerarnnnsm n ]arannsm na ncm xnsnt. Tax uro mt nacroxrentno
pexomenyem:
ecnn y nac ecrt ern, anare nm rontxo nosnrnnnte ycranonxn;
ecnn namn ponrenn rax nocrynamr no ornomennm x nam, craparect nponycxart nx cnona
mnmo yme.

H1o ena1t? nnn K1o nnnona1?

Ha cnonx rpennnrax mt uacro ronopnm o +rnx nyx ycranonxax. Ona ns nnx Kro
nnnonar? neer x oocrpennm xon]nnxra, noxnnennm conpornnnennx n nerarnna, no rnannoe
ona ecnonesna, rax xax cotrne yxe cnyunnoct n npomnoe ne nepnyrt. A nor uro enart?
nacrpannaer nac na noncx pemenn, na nepeno cnryannn ns paspxa nponem n paspx saau,
xoropte rpeymr pemennx. Tax uro nx nauana anare npocro nocrapaemcx nsmennrt ycranonxy,
r. e. nepeneem nponemt n saaun, a xro nnnonar? no uro enart?. Hnxe mt noennmcx
cnonmn nexmn o rom, xax crart uenonexom, pemammnm nponemt, problem solver.



H1ax, nmnom:
na name yymee nnnxem npexe ncero mt camn;
nepaspemnmtx nponem mano, a nce ocrantnte cronr nepenecrn n saaun, rpeymmne
pemennx;
cronr pasnnnart y cex nantxn pemennx nponem (cm. pasen Crpecc ecrt, no ecrt n
ntxo, nnn Kax crart problem solver n rnane 3).



oponontnoe ouamnee saanne
1. Bcnomnnre xaxym-ro nponemy, xoropym nt ycnemno pemnnn, xorx nsnauantno ona
xasanact nam nepemaemo.
un1pnn Bonoroen, Cne1nana Bnanunponna Hnanona: Anunan +qqex1nnnoc1t na 100%: Cpocn1t annac1, nan1n
cen, oc1nut nenn
25
2. Hoymare, ecrt nn y nac ycranonxn nerarnnnsma n ]arannsma. Hocraparect
cmoennponart necxontxo cnryann, n xoroptx nt cmoxere npeoonert cex.
3. Bcnomnnre rexymne cnryannn, xoropte nac ne ycrpannamr. Hocraparect narn ntxo
ns nnx.


Heyuenne nnn neaenanne nne1t cen co c1oponm

Vcnex ooueuu onpeoe.emc ue me+, :mo ei xome.u crasami,
a me+, rar eac vc.iua.u.

Bcnomnnre, xax nepnt pas nt ynnenn cex na nneosanncn nnn ycntmann cno ronoc co
cropont. Fontmnncrno ncntrtnamr cnntnte nerarnnnte +monnn. Kax npannno, nmn ne nnxr
cex co cropont. Hpnuem n n npxmom cmtcne cnona c rouxn spennx nnemnero onnxa n nmnxa,
a ne rontxo c rouxn spennx roro, xax ntrnxnr ro nnn nnoe noneenne n nocnpnxrnn pyrnx
nme. Mt nomnnm npo pe]epenrnym rpynny n ee cyxenne. Fyem ronopnrt nmenno o ne. (Ham
ner ena o roro, xax nocnpnnnmamr nac n name noneenne re, xro ncxnmuen ns pe]epenrno
rpynnt. Pasne uro n rex cnyuaxx, xora npnxonrcx nsanmoecrnonart c +rnmn nmtmn n
uero-nno or nnx onnartcx.) urot cncremarnsnponart nnrepecymmne nac cnryannn, anare
ntennm rpn npnnnnnnantno pasnte nosnnnn.
Mt xornm nponsnecrn nneuarnenne na onpeenenntx nme, onn nx nac ne xnnxmrcx
snaunmtmn, no mt xornm uero-ro or nnx onrtcx.
Mt xornm coornercrnonart oxnannxm +rnx nme, r. e. ne npocro coornercrnonart
nnemne onpeenennomy nmnxy, no n nnyrpenne trt raxnmn.
Ham noome espasnnuno, xax +rn nmn nac nocnpnnnmamr.

Tpern cnyua moxem onycrnrt, ocranonnnmnct rontxo na nepntx nyx.
Paora na coo n oonx cnyuaxx naunnaercx c roro, uro nam nyxno nonyunrt
nosmoxnocrt ynnert cex co cropont. nx +roro ecrt necxontxo cnocoon, no camt
onrnmantnt napnanr (moxno ntnonnnrt na paore) onenxa no meroy 360 rpaycon. 3ro
mero, npn xoropom cnauana nt onennnaere cex camn, a norom, ne snax namnx pesyntraron, nac
onennnaer pyxononrent, a sarem anonnmno xonnern pannoro c namn craryca n nounnennte,
ecnn raxonte nmemrcx. Hpn anannse pesyntraron cronr oparnrt cnoe nnnmanne, a n pxe cnyuaen
ocynrt c pyxononrenem, ecnn nt emy onepxere, cneymmne sont:
1. santmenno camoonenxn no cpannennm c onenxo oxpyxammnx;
2. sannxenno camoonenxn no cpannennm c onenxo oxpyxammnx;
3. ntcoxo n nnsxo onenxn;
4. pasnnunx n onenxe onnx n rex xe xomnerennn y nme pasnoro yponnx.

Paccmarpnnax nynxrt 1 n 2, cronr saymartcx, nauart anannsnponart n, nosmoxno,
noomartcx c xonneramn n pyxononrenem, urot nonxrt, n uem npnunna pacxoxennx.
Ocnonno ntno uenonex nenpannntno nnnr cex co cropont. Emy onosnauno cronr nouame
nonyuart oparnym cnxst or oxpyxammnx, cpannnnax cnoe noneenne c noneennem rex nme,
xoropte moryr cunrartcx +ranonom xnno nosnrnnntx xomnerennn, naxntx nx anno
xomnannn.
Hynxr 3 aer npecrannenne o namnx cnntntx n cnatx croponax. Hnmcom n annom
cnyuae yer ro, uro mt nnnm cex co cropont n npannntno onennnaem peaxnnm oxpyxammnx.
Ofpepakfupoean u onynukoean ua cafe : PRESSI ( HERSON )
un1pnn Bonoroen, Cne1nana Bnanunponna Hnanona: Anunan +qqex1nnnoc1t na 100%: Cpocn1t annac1, nan1n
cen, oc1nut nenn
26
Ecnn c cnntntmn croponamn nce nonxrno nx nao pasnnnart n ycnnnnart, ro nor x cnatm, r. e.
nentcoxo onennnaemtm xomnerennnxm, moxno ornocnrtcx no-pasnomy. Hexoropte napnanrt
pemennx paccmorpent n rnane 3.
Hynxr 4 ouent naxen nx anannsa n c rouxn spennx onennnaemoro corpynnxa, n c rouxn
spennx ero pyxononrenx. Cronr uerxo onpeennrt npnunny pacxoxenn n xoppexrnponart cnoe
noneenne na rex yponnxx, re cnnxena onenxa. Pyxononrenm, ecnn ero onenxa cymecrnenno
ornnuaercx or onenxn, xoropym ann pannte no crarycy xonnern nnn nounnennte, cronr onee
nnnmarentno paccmorpert noneenne corpynnxa: opamart ontme nnnmannx na ocronncrna
(ecnn onenxa pyxononrenx tna nnxe) nnn nayunrtcx ]nntrponart connantno-xenarentnoe
noneenne (ecnn onenxa pyxononrenx oxasanact ntme onenox ocrantntx).
Ho nroram anannsa cneyer onpeennrt sont pasnnrnx re xapaxrepncrnxn, xoropte
rpeymr xoppexrnponxn. Onaxo npexe uem saymartcx o nnane xoppexrnponxn, noymare,
roront nn nt menxrt cnoe noneenne n +ro onacrn n xnnxercx nn nena nonpoca pasymno, r. e.
coornercrnymr nn sarpauennte ycnnnx nyxnomy +]]exry.
Ecnn ronopnrt ne o paore, ro cronr cenart ro xe camoe, nonpocnn nme, xoroptm nt
onepxere, onennrt re nnn nnte ueprt namero xapaxrepa. Ho npexe, uem nt nonyunre nx
xommenrapnn, nocraparect onennrt cex camocroxrentno. urot namn pystx nnn nnsxne
cxasann npany, oxcnnre nm, uro nam ne nyxnt xomnnnmenrt, uro nt ecrnnrentno xornre
nonxrt, xax nac nocnpnnnmamr oxpyxammne.
Eme onn npocro, no ecrnennt cnoco sanncart cex na nneo n, npexe uem
npocmarpnnart, onennrt cex, a norom cpannnrt c onenxo nocne npocmorpa. Hpn +rom nt
cmoxere nonxrt, xax co cropont ntrnxnr nam crnnt omennx, onennrt nenepantnte
npoxnnennx, cnoe ymenne aprymenrnponart, ynnert, ynepenno nn nt epxnrect nepe xamepo,
ne sacopena nn peut cnonamn-napasnramn.
anare ocranonnmcx na nonpoce o nexenannn nnert cex co cropont. Bam cronr yenrt
cex, uro +ro neoxonmo, ncnontsyx nncrpymenrt paort c cocrnenntmn nsrnxamn n
yexennxmn (cm. pasen Paora co nsrnxamn n ycranonxamn n rnane 3). Hanpnmep:
npecrantre, uro nt, ne xenax nnert cex c yrpa nenpnuecanntm n cnerxa sacnanntm, ne
cmorpnre n sepxano. 3auem nnert cex ne n nyumem nne? Ho n +rom cnyuae y nac ne yer
nosmoxnocrn npnuecartcx, nanecrn maxnxx nnn nopnrtcx, rax urot nect ent ntrnxert
xopomo.

Kax pyxononrent cpenero snena, Mapnx npexpacno ]opmnponana
nosnrnnnym armoc]epy n xonnexrnne, ncxpenne cnmnarnsnponana cnonm
nounnenntm n n xaxom yonom cnyuae crapanact nx noompnrt n noxnannrt.
Hpn onenxe no meroy 360 rpaycon Mapnx nonyunna oparnym cnxst or xonner:
no nx mnennm, ona cnnmxom mxrxa, nerpeonarentna, n nounnennte moryr
nontsonartcx ee xopomnm x nnm ornomennem. B cnxsn c +rnm Mapnx nsmennna
cnoe noneenne: crana onee xecrxo n rpeonarentno, no e +ro tno
necnocrnenno n npnxonnoct nocroxnno conepmart na coo nacnnne, n
pesyntrare ona nepemna na pyro yuacrox paort. Ona coxpanxna cno craryc
n sapnnary, no renept y nee ne tno nounnenntx.
Hemnoro noxoxax ncropnx ecrt n ]nntme oxnnem o noneentnnxa, re
monoax n opax yunrentnnna anrnncxoro xstxa, nonyunn nerarnnnym
oparnym cnxst or xonnern, pesxo menxer cnoe noneenne, cranonxct upesmepno
xecrxo, uro npnneno x ceptesnomy xon]nnxry c yuennxamn.

un1pnn Bonoroen, Cne1nana Bnanunponna Hnanona: Anunan +qqex1nnnoc1t na 100%: Cpocn1t annac1, nan1n
cen, oc1nut nenn
27
METOHKA
Honpoyem, uro nastnaercx, anrepo rapmonnm nponepnrt n namernrt marn no
cneennm noenno cocrnennoro nocnpnxrnx cex c ro xaprnnxo, xoropym nnxr oxpyxammne.
1. Honyunrt xaprnnxy nocnpnxrnx nac oxpyxammnmn. Homoryr mero 360 rpaycon, conert
nnsxoro uenonexa, maxcnmantno orpemennt ananns cex na nneosanncn.
2. A) Onpeennre, uro nt peantno xornre nomenxrt n cee.
F) Onpeennre, uro nt ne xorenn t menxrt n cee, no crpemnrect nsmennrt n nmnxe.
3. A) Cocrantre cocrnennt nnan pasnnrnx.
F) Btepnre merot xoppexrnponxn nmnxa.
4. Hponeptre ntpannt noxo na +xonornunocrt, r. e. na npnemnemocrt n coornercrnne
nnana namnm nnyrpennnm nennocrxm n ycrpemnennxm.
Ionopx npome, onpeennre pasymnocrt n neny nonpoca nnuno nx nac.
5. Bnepenne n xonrpont.

Ham nao nonxrt, xax nocnpnnnmamr nac pyrne. Onennrt, ycrpannaer nn +ro nac. Ecnn ner,
ro namernrt nnan nsmenenn, npenapnrentno onpeennn neny nonpoca.

Anna pemnna nyume ysnart, xax nocnpnnnmamr ee oxpyxammne, npnuem n na paore, n n
uacrno xnsnn. Ona nonpocnna xoe-xoro ns cnonx xonner n snaxomtx uecrno paccxasart e,
rarue, c ux mo:ru speuu, ecmi v uee ocronncrna n neocrarxn. H c ynnnennem ysnana, uro
mnorne cunramr, uro e ne xnaraer ynepennocrn n cee. Anna ocynna +ro nopono c nanonee
nnsxnmn nmtmn, a marre nopaooma.a c euoeosanuc+u (+i oo omo+ nuca.u :vmi ntme). H
n nrore nonxna, sa cuer uero cxnatnaercx raxoe nneuarnenne: mnoro saxptrtx xecron n nos,
neynepenno snyuamn ronoc, mnoro ycrynnrentntx cnon (n omem, n npnnnnne, xax t). Anna
namna rpennnr, pasnnnammn ronoc, n pesyntrare e yanoct nsmennrt remp n onrtcx
ontme snyunocrn, xoropax y mnornx acconnnpyercx c ynepennocrtm. Anna crana
xonrponnponart cnon nost, crapaxct axe naenne c camo coo nserart saxptrtx xecron.
Paora c nneo n reuenne rpex mecxnen nosnonnna e ymentmnrt xonnuecrno cnon c
ycrynnrentno oxpacxo. uepes nonroa e npenoxnnn sanxrtcx onee nnrepecno paoro, a
e opvrecrux ro+nauux renept ona ropaso uame cranonnrcx nenrpom nnnmannx.



oponontnoe ouamnee saanne
Ornertre na nonpoct, xacammnecx uertpex maron ns nxrn.

Hepnt mar x nosnrnnnomy pasnnrnm camoro cex, nontmennm camoonenxn n
yonnernopennocrn nt cmornn cenart ceuac, ecnn ynepent n rom, uro cornacnt n roront
cpocnrt ror annacr, o xoropom mt ronopnnn. Ecnn nt eme ne ynepent n +rom, nam cronr
nopaorart na +ro rnano, npexe uem nrn antme. H sanomnnre: urot npnopecrn uro-ro
nonesnoe, neoxonmo cnauana orxasartcx or roro, uro memaer.


Inana 2. Cauoananns, nnn Kax nmpa1t cnon ny1t

Houu+auue ceoux cnocoouocme u re.auu nepei uae ua
Ofpepakfupoean u onynukoean ua cafe : PRESSI ( HERSON )
un1pnn Bonoroen, Cne1nana Bnanunponna Hnanona: Anunan +qqex1nnnoc1t na 100%: Cpocn1t annac1, nan1n
cen, oc1nut nenn
28
nvmu r vcnexv.

B xnsnn xaxoro ns nac tnamr momenrt, xora nao c nynx ntnpart cno xnsnennt
nyrt, xapnnantno menxrt uro-ro n nnuno xnsnn nnn ncxart nonte nyrn pasnnrnx. 3ro
conepmenno nopmantno, onee roro, +ro ouent xopomo. Ocranaxct na onom mecre onrne rot,
rpyno pasnnnartcx (xora rt paoraemt n ono oprannsannn, na ono onxnocrn n n ono n
ro xe npo]eccnonantno cpee). Pasnnnartcx n nsmenxrt cex moxno n ne menxx mecro paort:
ecrt net n nnyrpennn pocr.
Taxo ntop xort n npecrannxer coo onpeenennt crpecc, no n ro xe npemx n aer
manc narn nx cex neuro nyumee. 3ro moryr trt cosanne cocrnennoro ena/nsneca, cmena
npo]eccnn, xaptepnt pocr nnn npenpamenne xon n ocnonnym paory. Inannt nonpoc xax
npannntno narn cex. Bor o anannse cocrnennoro norennnana mt ceuac n noronopnm.

Ananns coc1nennoro no1ennnana: xoue1 uoae1, nnmcm n unnycm. Becm uo1nnannn

Bepnrt n ro, uro nmo uenonex moxer npeycnert n nmom ene ne cronr. (Honeptre moemy
15-nernemy ontry xaponnxa n marepn) Koneuno, ncropnn nsnecrnt cnyuan npeoonennx
cocrnennoro x, onaxo ncxnmuennx nnmt nornepxamr npannna. Ho+romy ouent naxno
rouno onennrt nanpannennocrt cocrnenntx cnoconocre, rananron n mornnannn.
Haunem c roro, uro ycnemnocrt n pesyntrarnnnocrt uenonexa, a, crporo ronopx, nce ero
noneenne, cxnatnaercx ns nyx cocrannxmmnx XOuET n MOXET. H nmenno rora, xora
onn connaamr, uenonex ocrnraer nanontmnx ycnexon.
Hpoanannsnpyem sony MOXET. Ona cxnatnaercx ns nyx cocrannxmmnx
cnoconocre (npnpontx rananron) n nantxon. Hanpnmep, crpeccoycrounnocrt n xpearnnnocrt
+ro cnoconocrn, a rexnnxa paort c nospaxennxmn n nponeenne mosrontx mrypmon
nantxn. uerxo oronopnmcx: no nspocnom nospacre cnoconocrn moxno nnmt cnerxa pasnnnart n
xoppexrnponart, no nx nentsx cosart c nynx nnn nomenxrt noneenne na namerpantno
npornnononoxnoe (nanpnmep, cenart sacrenunnoro nnrponepra ornnuntm oparopom nnn
npoaxnnxom). Hantxn xe nnonne moxno npnoperart n pasnnnart npaxrnuecxn na nmom +rane
xnsnennoro nnxna uenonexa.
Taxnm opasom, npn anannse cnoero norennnana n sone MOXET x pexomenym
nepeuncnnrt nce, uro nt moxere enart ornnuno (+ro anpnopn ycnemnax sona), a raxxe ro, uro
nonyuaercx ne ouent xopomo. Heantnt napnanr: ntpart c]epy exrentnocrn nennxom n
ycnemno sone. Taxax cnryannx npeen meurann, no, x coxanennm, ne ncera peanncrnuna.
Tora nam npnercx noncxart ro, uro nanonee nnsxo nam, ncxox ns namnx cnoconocre.
A nor uro xe enart c ro uacrtm yymnx (nnn ntnemnnx) npo]eccnonantntx
oxsannocre, xoropte naxoxrcx n sone nnsxo ycnemnocrn? Hpexe ncero neoxonmo uerxo
onpeennrt, x xaxo xareropnn ornocxrcx namn cnate cropont x cnoconocrxm nnn nantxam.
Ecnn x cnoconocrxm, ro nyume ncero noncxart xaxym-ro pyrym exrentnocrt. Ecnn xe eno n
nantxax, ro neoxonmo cocrannrt uerxn nnan nx pasnnrnx remn meroamn, xoropte nam
ocrynnt n noxoxr (rpennnrn, camoopasonanne, urenne nnreparypt, opamenne x onee
ontrnomy xonnere nnn pyry).
Hpnney necxontxo npnmepon, naroapx xoroptm npetymne reopernuecxne
paccyxennx cranyr onee xcnt.

Monoax xenmnna, paoranmax npauom, no coopaxennxm
marepnantno-xaptepnoro xapaxrepa xouer nepern n c]epy npoax n
un1pnn Bonoroen, Cne1nana Bnanunponna Hnanona: Anunan +qqex1nnnoc1t na 100%: Cpocn1t annac1, nan1n
cen, oc1nut nenn
29
mennnncxom nsnece. Cnntnte cropont xommynnxaentna, xapnsmarnuna,
nmeer ycnemnt ontr +]]exrnnnoro noneennx n crpeccontx cnryannxx,
xopomn paccxasunx, c npesenraentno nnemnocrtm. Cnate cropont ne
nnaeer rexnnxo npoax, cnao snaer xomntmrep, npnepxnnaercx
necoornercrnymmero crnnx oext. Ouennno, uro ee cnntnte cropont n
annom cnyuae nepenecxr, rax xax cnate ornocxrcx x c]epe nantxon nnn
snann (pecc-xo), xoropte moryr trt nerxo cxoppexrnponant.
Kannarxa, monoo cnennanncr, saxonunnmax ]axyntrer no ynpannennm
nepconanom, nperenyer na paory n xauecrne nsnec-rpenepa. Cnntnte
cropont xopomax reopernuecxax nororonxa n anno onacrn, rnepte
snannx, anannrnuecxn crnnt mtmnennx, ymenne onennnart nme xax na
yponne nnrynnnn, rax n na yponne nantxon. Cnate cropont menennax peut,
xnnxnt xstx, neocrarouno +]]exrnnnoe nnaenne nenepantntm xstxom,
cxonannocrt, nocpecrnennt yponent crpeccoycrounnocrn. B annom cnyuae
nepenecxr mnnyct, rax xax nmenno onn ornocxrcx x sone cnoconocre, xoropte
ouent cnoxno nsmennrt. Ecnn paccmarpnnart ee cnntnte n cnate cropont xax
ocnony npo]opnenrannn, ro enymxe moxno nopexomenonart npo]eccnm
cnennanncra no noopy n onenxe nepconana: ram ee cnntnte cropont
npoxnxrcx no nce xpace, a cnate, naoopor, ne yyr nmert nnxaxoro
snauennx.

Hpoanannsnpyem sony XOuET. uacro cncrema nocnnrannx n n cemte, n n mxone
nacrpannaer nac na ro, uro +ry sony yunrtnart ne cneyer, uro +ro npocro xanpnst.
Mnoronernn ontr paort n xauecrne n pyxononrenx, n cnennanncra no pasnnrnm n onenxe
yenn menx n oparnom. Ho-nacroxmemy xopomo nmn enamr rontxo ro, uro nm ecrnnrentno
xouercx enart. Koneuno, ornercrnennt uenonex moxer ycnnnem nonn sacrannrt cex enart ro,
uero emy concem ne xouercx, no n nnrentno nepcnexrnne +ro npnnonr nno x cnnxennm
xauecrna ero paort, nno x ero ntropannm xax cnennanncra.
3ony XOuET moxno noennrt no cmtcny na rpn uacrn.
HPABHTC. Heantnt napnanr, xora nam ncxpenne npannrcx ro, uro nt enaere, r. e.
cam nponecc nnn pesyntrar (nnn n ro, n pyroe nmecre) ocrannxer nam yonontcrnne. Kro-ro
moxer ne nonxrt, xax xe 3TO moxer npannrtcx. Hanpnmep, xora x paorana n xomnannn Johnson
& Johnson (mennnncxn nsnec), cpen monx xonner tno mnoro tnmnx npaue. Ouent xopomo
nomnm, xax onn xnpypr-yponor paccxastnan c orpomntm ynneuennem o rom, xax on n mouenom
nystpe onro pastcxnnan necranaprno pacnonoxennt xament. Inasa ropxr, ynneuenne
nenoentno. Mne ne nonxrt. A nor nexoropte mon snaxomte ynnnxmrcx, xax +ro x mnoro ner
npenoam n mne ne cxyuno paccxastnart ro, uro x cama anno snam. A nor mne npannrcx.

Pexomenym nam: sanncart 5 neme (ouent xonxperntx), xoropte nam ouent npannrcx
enart, n 5 neme, xoropte npannnnct n nanmentme crenenn. 3arem npoanannsnpyre, uero
ontme n name ntnemne paore. Ecnn ontme nerarnna, cronr noymart o cmene npo]eccnn,
nax napnanr, xoropt nosnonnr enart ontme roro, uro nam npannrcx n ocrannxer
yonontcrnne.

Hpueeov npu+ep us coocmeeuuoeo onima noooopa nepcoua.a. Ko +ue
oopamu.c +o.ooo :e.oeer c +uuu+a.iui+ onimo+ noopaoomor e uucmumvme
(no oopasoeauum orouo+ucm), npemeuov ua earaucum e npooarax. Koeoa
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30
nonpocu.a eeo uaseami, :mo e+v uauoo.ee u uau+euee upaeu.oci e eeo v:eoe u
nparmure, mo no.v:u.oci c.eovmuee: upaeu.oci nucami peqepami, ua
nparmure v:acmeoeami e +oseoeix umvp+ax, upaeu.oci ece rpeamueuoe, ue
upaeu.oci aoanmupoeamic r uoeo+v ro..ermuev, ue upaeu.oci oimi
cmapocmo (eiopa.u, nomo+v :mo v:u.c xopouo) u ue upaeu.aci paooma c
uqpa+u e oo.iuux ooe+ax. O:eeuouo, :mo eeo HPABHTCB ue omee:aem uu
npooara+ (ma+ ece epe+ uoem ooueuue c uoei+u .moi+u, nocmouuo
npuxooumc cma.rueamic co cmpecca+u), uu cneua.iuocmu no oopasoeauum.
B nocoeemoea.a e+v noov+ami o paoome e cqepe +apremuuea: oua
coomeemcmevem eeo npeono:meuu+ u ue cooeprum (u.u no:mu ue cooeprum)
moeo, :mo e+v ue upaeumc. Hacro.iro suam, u+euuo mar ou u nocmvnu. u
enoc.eocmeuu paooma. vcneuuo.

BIIOI. V xaxoro ns nac cno naop ntro, nnn naxntx nx nac mornnon, snauenne
xoroptx sanncnr or xapaxrepa, xnsnenno cnryannn n pyrnx ]axropon. Btrot moryr trt
marepnantntmn (entrn n connaxer), nemarepnantntmn (npecrnx, npnsnanne, nsanmoornomennx)
n nnrantntmn (cnxsanntmn c ]nsnuecxnm xom]oprom, sopontem n esonacnocrtm). Baxno,
urot ntpannax namn paora nnn nn exrentnocrn nomorann peannsonart nanonee snaunmte
nx nac ntrot. Hanpnmep, uenonex c raxnmn ntroamn, xax sapaorox, npnsnanne, xopomne
nsanmoornomennx, craner xopomnm npoaxnnxom, no npx nn yer mornnnponan na onxnocrn
yxranrepa, re, xax npannno, ner nn nepemenno uacrn sapaorxa, nn npnsnannx. A nor raxne
ntrot, xax cranntnocrt, nontmenne xnann]nxannn, xopomn oxna, nyume coornocxrcx c
npo]eccne yxranrepa. Hyumnmn nomomnnxamn pyxononrene, xax npannno, cranonxrcx re,
nx xoro naxnt omymenne cocrnenno nyxnocrn n noxnana. Ecnn nx nac naxnt entrn,
nyxno, ntnpax npo]eccnm, opnenrnponartcx na nosmoxnocrt xopomo sapaartnart. Haoopor,
ecnn +ror ]axrop ne xnnxercx ocoenno snaunmtm, ro ero moxno nponrnopnponart.
HEHHOCTH. Ha namy sony XOuET moryr oxastnart snaunrentnoe nnnxnne re
nennocrn n npnnnnnt, xoroptx mt npnepxnnaemcx. Hanpnmep, ecnn nt ncxpenne nmnre
nme n nama nennocrt coxpanenne nosnrnnntx ornomenn, nam ne cronr paorart
xonrponepom. Ecnn nt ne npnemnere oman, ro ne cronr nrn n c]epy npoax necxontxo
comnnrentnoro ronapa, panno xax n n c]epy pexnamt. Ecnn nt ncxpennn npar npentx
npnntuex, ne cronr sannmartcx nponnxennem anxoronx nnn raaxa. Ecnn nt ynepent, uro
ocnyxnnanne ynnsnrentnax paora, ro ne cronr nrn n c]epy cepnnca. Taxnm opasom,
ntnpax onacrt exrentnocrn, npo]eccnm nnn xonxpernoe mecro paort, nponeptre ntop na
rax nastnaemym +xonornunocrt, r. e. nosmoxnocrt ne nxonrt n nponecce paort n npornnopeune
c cocrnenntmn nennocrxmn. Ecnn paora nxonr n npornnopeune c nennocrxmn uenonexa, +ro
moxer npnnecrn ne npocro x norepe +]]exrnnnocrn, no n x onee ceptesntm n neuantntm nemam
nenposam, noxnnennm xponnuecxnx saonenann n r. n.

Hpoonxax remy mornnannn, nnn ananns sont XOuET, nosnonm cee oparnrt name
nnnmanne na moent necon.
un1pnn Bonoroen, Cne1nana Bnanunponna Hnanona: Anunan +qqex1nnnoc1t na 100%: Cpocn1t annac1, nan1n
cen, oc1nut nenn
31


Bect mornnannn

Ona naxna npn npnnxrnn pemenn o ntope npo]eccnn, paort, a n noome npn
npnnxrnn nmtx xnsnenno naxntx pemenn. Ha ono uame necon nexnr ntnrptm, nnn uro x
nonyuy, a na pyro xeprna, nnn uro x oram. Mne ouent npannrcx mera]opa, naennax n
ono ns xnnr: xanacxax ptct snmo ronnrcx sa sanem 100 merpon, ecnn ne ycnenaer ero
nomart, ro npexpamaer noronm, a sa xocyne 200. Houemy? otua (ntnrptm) ontme,
snaunr moxno norn na o

ntmym sarpary cnn (xeprna). A nor eme momenr snmo sa sanem ona
exnr 100 merpon, a nerom yxe 150. Houemy? Fexart nerue, r. e. npn rom xe ntnrptme xeprna
mentme. Xnnornte enamr +ro na yponne nncrnnxra. A nor uenonexy, npnnnmax naxnte
pemennx, a npo]eccnonantnoe camoonpeenenne n ntop paort x raxnm necam, esycnonno,
ornocxrcx, cronr enart +ro aconmrno ocosnanno, urot norom ne npnmnoct xanert o
neonpananno npnnxrtx pemennxx. Hpnuem naxno nonnmart, uro ntnrptm n xeprna nemn
cyryo nnnnnyantnte. To, uro nx onoro uenonexa yer ntnrptmem, pyro craner cunrart
xeprno, n naoopor. Hanpnmep, nx menx paora c oxymenramn xeprna, no nx mnornx +ro
ntnrptm, oemammn cnoxocrnne n cranntnocrt. nx xoro-ro crpecc +ro apenannn n
nosmoxnocrt npoxnnrt cex, a nx pyroro nnoxoe camouyncrnne n noannennoe cocroxnne. nx
onoro nynnunoe ntcrynnenne xpxoe nosnrnnnoe cotrne, nosnonxmmee nonyunrt npnsnanne,
npoxnnrt cex, a nx pyroro ncxom]opr n nepnorpenxa.
Mt pexomenyem nam cocrannrt cno cnncox ntnrptme n xeprn, cnxsanntx c
onpeenenno npo]eccne nnn mecrom paort, npoanannsnponart yentnt nec xaxo uamn
necon n rontxo nocne +roro npnnxrt pemenne. Ecnn nt ne cenaere +ro nonpemx, n antnemem
moryr nosnnxnyrt raxne nenpnxrnte nemn, xax ntropanne, pasouaponanne n xnsnn n paore.
Hocnenne rot uacro ronopxr o xpnsnce 4045-nernnx, xora nnonne ycnemnte nmn
npyr conepmamr aynmn]rnnr (yxo or nsneca, paort) nnn, ne nmex raxo nosmoxnocrn,
nonyuamr yxer onesne n enpeccnm. Hpnunna n rom, uro onn ne ncnontsonann nect n nyxnoe
npemx n ne ornernnn na nonpoc, cronr nn pan xaptept nnn ener orxasartcx or nnunoro npemenn,
xonraxra c cemte, nosmoxnocrn sannmartcx xon. K coxanennm, nnora ocosnanne npnxonr
cnnmxom nosno.

B +oe nparmure paoomi perpvmepo+ roeoa-mo oi.a rauouoamra, +a+a
mpouuer e eospacme npu+epuo no.vmopa .em. Oua npemeuooea.a ua
oo.ruocmi e cqepe npooar, v uee oi. nperpacui onim u cnocoouocmu. Oua
no.uocmim nooxoou.a o. omo paoomi. Bo.ee moeo, u ca+a oua xome.a
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32
no.v:umi omv paoomv e npecmuruo ro+nauuu. Koeoa onuca.a e vc.oeu, a
ouu npeono.aea.u npoeooumi 30 % epe+euu e ro+auoupoerax, oua crasa.a, :mo
coe.acua. Ho +eu c+vua. mom qarm, :mo v uee +a.euirue oemu, u nonpocu.a
ee muame.iuo noov+ami u oami omeem :epes oea ou, eseecue ece sa u
npomue. Uepes oea ou oua noseouu.a, omrasa.aci om earaucuu u oo.eo
o.aeooapu.a, :mo sacmaeu.a ee saov+amic. B mar xome.a no.v:umi omv
paoomv, :mo mo.iro oo omo+ u ov+a.a. Ho roeoa npeocmaeu.a ceoe, :mo ovov
:vecmeoeami, no uecro.iro oue ue euo ceoux oeme, nou.a, :mo o. +eu
earuee.

pyro npnmep, x coxanennm, neuantnt.

Kauouoamra ua oo.ruocmi cmapueeo ovxea.mepa o:eui xome.a no.v:umi
omv paoomv. Ee npeovnpeou.u o nepepaoomrax, oua oa.a coe.acue. Biu.a ua
paoomv. Uepes napv ueoe.i ua:uuaemc rou+ap: raroie uecro.iro +uuvm
noc.e uecmu ee:epa e seouum ua +oou.iui +vr u eieoeapueaem, no:e+v oua
eue ue eoem oo+o. B vr ue suam, e :e+ u+euuo oi.o oe.o, uo e umoee uaua
eepouu eiuvroeua oi.a vmu c paoomi. Tar oua .uuu.aci u npeoiovue, u
uoeo paoomi.

Eme onn npnmep.

Muoeo .em uasao, roeoa npoqeccu e.aeuoeo ovxea.mepa co suauue+
aue.ucroeo sira u +erovuapoouix cmauoapmoe v:ema oi.a oouo us
uauoo.ee oequumuix, npecmuruix u on.a:ueae+ix, r ua+ npuu.a
rauouoamra, sauu+aeua u+euuo omv oo.ruocmi e oouo sanaouo ro+nauuu.
Ha mpaouuouui eonpoc o npu:uue c+eui +ecma paoomi, oua crasa.a, :mo
npu:uua e mo+, :mo ee npooeuuv.u no rapiepuo .ecmuue no.eooa uasao u oua
oo.iue ue +orem. Umo orasa.oci? Ee eiuepiue+ eceeoa oi.u aua.umu:ecra
paooma, paooma c uqpa+u u ece, cesauuoe c ovxea.mepue u quuauca+u. H
oua oi.a ee.uro.enui+ cneua.ucmo+, .v:uu+ e ro+nauuu. Ha ee oeov,
e.aeui ovxea.mep, ee oieuu ua:a.iuur, c+euu. paoomv, u earaucu
oceoooou.aci. Pvroeooume.i npeocmaeume.icmea npeo.oru. omv earaucum
.v:ue+v compvouurv. Cmamvc, co.uoua npuoaera r sapn.ame, oa u noxea.i
pvroeoocmea noovou.u uauv eepouum npuumi npeo.oreuue. Umo oua u
coe.a.a. Ho ue v:.a ceo xaparmep u npeono:meuu: esau+ooecmeoeami c
.moi+u uuroeoa e, uumpoeepmv, ue upaeu.oci. B umoee no.eooa +v:euu,
.ee:e coe.ami ca+o, :e+ oocuumi, u rar c.eocmeue nepeepvsru. Omcmoa
peueuue vmu. Hoeoeopue c ue, npeo.oru.a e paoomv euvmpeuueeo
avoumopa no cmamvcv u on.ame npu+epuo marvm re, rar ua oo.ruocmu
e.aeovxa, uo ue npeono.aeamuvm sua:u+o o. uee repmei ueooxoou+ocmu
paoomami c .moi+u.

Ynne1t co c1oponm

Bcnomnnre, xaxo tna nama peaxnnx, xora nt nnepnte ycntmann cno ronoc n sanncn
nnn ynnenn cex na nneo. V ontmnncrna: xaxo yxac, +ro ne x. Bce +ro ronopnr o rom, uro mt
un1pnn Bonoroen, Cne1nana Bnanunponna Hnanona: Anunan +qqex1nnnoc1t na 100%: Cpocn1t annac1, nan1n
cen, oc1nut nenn
33
ne nnnm cex co cropont, ne nonnmaem, xaxnmn nnxr nac oxpyxammne n, cneonarentno,
moxem nmert noxnoe npecrannenne o cnonx cnntntx n cnatx croponax.
onontno uacro na rpennnrax mt aem raxoe ynpaxnenne: npocnm onoro nnn nyx
oponontnen ns uncna yuacrnnxon ntrn ns aynropnn n sanncart 5 cnonx nnmcon
(nonoxnrentnte ueprt) n 2 mnnyca (orpnnarentnte) ns nmo c]ept, xoropte, no nx mnennm,
nnxr n nnx ocranmnecx n xomnare xonnern (rouno raxoe xe ynpaxnenne moxno nponecrn n nne
rpennnra n oprannsannn, n xomnannn pyse nnn snaxomtx). Hoxa onn nnmyr, ocranmnecx
amr cno napnanr nnmcon n mnnycon +rnx nme. A sarem cnepxem pesyntrart. Hnrepecno, uro
connaenn axe n 45 nynxrax nourn nnxora ne tnaer, ne ronopx yxe o cronponenrnom
nonaannn. O uem ronopnr raxo ontr? On cnnerentcrnyer o rom, uro mt ne nnonne rouno cex
onennnaem, ne ncera nonnmaem, uro nonoxnrentnoe n orpnnarentnoe nnxr n nac oxpyxammne.
Moxno nn npannntno cex nosnnnonnponart, +]]exrnnno crponrt xaptepy, ecnn ne
nonnmaemt, n uem xonnern n pyxonocrno nnxr rnon cnntnte n cnate cropont? Otuno na
raxo nonpoc nce orneuamr, uro nentsx. Orcma ntno nam neoxonmo onee rouno nonnmart,
xax mt ntrnxnm n rnasax oxpyxammnx.
Kax +ro moxno cenart na npaxrnxe? Bo-nepntx, craparect xax moxno uame nonyuart
oparnym cnxst or oxpyxammnx nac nme xonner, pyse, pyxononrenx, pocrnennnxon.
Craparect npannntno pearnponart na nonyuennym nn]opmannm, nsnnexax ns nee maxcnmym
xoncrpyxrnna nx antnemnx ecrnn.
Ecrt raxax xopomax n npannntnax, c moe rouxn spennx, mtcnt: ycnex xommynnxannn
saxnmuaercx ne n rom, uro nt xorenn cxasart, a n rom, xax nac ycntmann. Ecnn x cunram cnoe
cnntno cropono uyncrno mmopa, a oxpyxammne nocnpnnnmamr ero xax sno capxasm, ro nao
menxrt crnnt noneennx. Hnn, naoopor, x cunram cex uepecuyp pasronopunntm, a oxpyxammne
naroapx +romy xauecrny cunramr menx ymo xomnannn. 3naunr, +ro mox cnntnax cropona.
Kora nt nonyuaere oparnym cnxst or oxpyxammnx, cronr cnepnrt nx mnenne c
camoonenxo. Ecnn no mnorom onenxn connann, ro nce n nopxxe. Ecnn xe ner, cronr saymartcx
o npnunnax, nonxrt, xaxne cnon cnocrna nt nenpannntno onennnaere.
Eme onn, onee npocro cnoco onenxn moxno nopexomenonart rem, utx paora cnxsana c
xommynnxanne n nsanmoecrnnem c nmtmn. Xenarentno sanncart na nneo (npnuem cenart
+ro ne onn pas) cnoe rnnnunoe noneenne n pasnnuntx cnryannxx, uro xnnxercx naxno
cocrannxmme npo]eccnonantno ycnemnocrn (ecnn nt npononre npesenrannn nnn oyuaere
nme sannmnre +nnso oxcnennx, ecnn nama saaua saxnmuaercx n yexennn). Hrax, nt
ortrpann cno +nnso, sannct cenana, no eme ne npocmorpena. B +ror momenr nocrantre cee
onenxy n nannmnre, uro nam yanoct ocoenno xopomo, uro ne ouent. A renept npocmorpnre
sannct. Cneptre nneuarnenne nocne npocmorpa co cnonmn sanncxmn. Ecnn nponenr connaenn
ocrarouno nennx, snaunr, nt ymeere nnert cex co cropont. Ecnn nennxn pasnnunx, ro
npnercx nam nepnonuecxn enart +ro ynpaxnenne, noxa connaennx ne ocrnrnyr 8090 %.
Tontxo rax nt nayunrect npannntno onennnart cex.


oc1onnc1na n neoc1a1xn nnn sonm pasnn1nn?

Ouent naxntm n nnane nocrpoennx ycnemno xnsnn n xaptept xnnxercx npannntnoe
ornomenne x ocronncrnam n neocrarxam.
Bo-nepntx, cronr nsannrtcx or npnntuntx crepeornnon n ocosnart, uro ocronncrn n
neocrarxon xax raxontx, camnx no cee, npocro ne cymecrnyer. Bce onennnaercx
npnmennrentno x onpeenenno exrentnocrn. Hanpnmep, ntcoxn yponent
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34
xommynnxaentnocrn yer cnntno cropono npoaxnnxa n conepmenno ne nyxen yxranrepy.
Kpearnnnocrt yer npena nx xaponoro enonponsnonrenx n nonesna pexnammnxy.
3anncnmocrt or mnennx oxpyxammnx naxna nx cexperapx, no yer memart mpncry nnn
aynropy.
Taxnm opasom, yer npoyxrnnen noncx ro exrentnocrn, nx xoropo npaxrnuecxn nce
namn xauecrna yyr paccmarpnnartcx xax cnntnte cropont n nam ne nonaonrcx nsmenxrt cex
(+ro xpane cnoxno, nocxontxy rpeyer ouent ntcoxo crenenn neneycrpemnennocrn n
camomornnannn).
Hpnney npnmep.

Compvouua, sauu+amuac npooare oocmamo:uo c.oruo npoovruu,
oo.aoa.a rvro.iuo eueuuocmim u eie.oe.a ua+uoeo +o.ore ceoux .em,
moeoa rar oo.iuuucmeo ee r.ueumoe oi.u oocmamo:uo co.uoui+u +vr:uua+u
sa 4050 .em. Hpo:umae o mpausarmuo+ aua.use v Jpura Bepua, oua oopamu.a
ceo ueoocmamor e oocmouucmeo: cma.a uepami po.i no.orume.iuoeo
peoeura, a r.ueuma nosuuouupoea.a rar orcnepma, romopi suaem ece .v:ue
ecex. Tara marmura oa.a ee.uro.enuie pesv.imami.

Ecrt n pyro noxo x paore co cnonmn cnatmn croponamn. Hanre nanapnnxa, utn
xapaxrepncrnxn yyr xomnencnponart namn cnate cropont. ononnxx pyr pyra, nt
ocrnrnere ontmero. Hanpnmep, nama cnntnax cropona xpearnnnocrt, nt ]onrannpyere
nexmn, a cnaax neymenne nnannponart n paccunrtnart pncxn n pecypct. Ecnn nt naere
nanapnnxa c nentcoxnm yponnem xpearnnnocrn, no nacroxmero peanncra, nmecre nt yere
npecrannxrt nean.
Ecnn xe nce-raxn nam ne yaercx narn raxym paory, re namn cnate cropont ne yyr
nam memart, ro nocraparect ntxnnrt cnon sont pasnnrnx:, onpeennre, uemy nmenno nam nao
nayunrtcx n xax nt +ro yere enart. Ho nomnnre, uro mt ocyxann panee: cnoconocrn
snaunrentno xoppexrnponxe ne noamrcx.

Hpoax1nnnoc1t

Honeenne tnaer peaxrnnnoe n npoaxrnnnoe. Hpnney npnmep. Bt ornpannxerect n pyro
ropo, no, xora npnesxaere na mecro, cranonnrcx xcno, uro noroa ram snaunrentno xononee,
uem nt paccunrtnann, no+romy nt ryr xe ornpannxerect noxynart rennte nemn. 3ro
peaxrnnnocrt. Hntmn cnonamn, mt oxnaemcx noxnnennx nponemt, a norom ntraemcx na nee
orpearnponart. pyro napnanr: nt sapanee ysnaere npornos norot n Hnrepnere nnn
cosnannnaerect xem-ro, xoro nt snaere n +rom ropoe, n epere c coo rennte nemn. 3ro
npoaxrnnnocrt, r. e. crpemnenne n ymenne sapanee npocunrart nosmoxnte cnenapnn pasnnrnx
yymero n nororonnrtcx x nnm.
Hpoaxrnnnocrt n ntope npo]eccnn n paort saxnmuaercx n rom, uro mt orneuaem nx
cex na nonpoct o yymem: xax onro x rorona +rnm sannmartcx? Baxna nn nx menx xaptepa? A
uro ecnn noxnnrcx cemtx? A ecnn 3rnx ECHH moxer trt nennxoe mnoxecrno n sanncnmocrn
or roro, xax nt nnannpyere cnom xnsnt n xaxne y nac npnopnrert.
Camoananns n camopasnnrne, esycnonno, ne ncuepntnamrcx rem naopom npocrtx
nncrpymenron, o xoroptx mt ronopnnn. Ho nmenno onn moryr art nepnt ronuox, nomoryr
cenart nepnt mar x nauany nponecca, xoropt, no-xopomemy, onxen nnrtcx ncm namy
xnsnt.
un1pnn Bonoroen, Cne1nana Bnanunponna Hnanona: Anunan +qqex1nnnoc1t na 100%: Cpocn1t annac1, nan1n
cen, oc1nut nenn
35


Inana 3. Cauopasnn1ne n cauouo1nnannn

Hcnxonornn pyam co npeueneu

uacro nmn, npnntxnyn x onpeenenntm repmnnam, ncnontsymr nx, ne saymtnaxct o nx
cyrn. B uacrnocrn, mne xorenoct t oparnrt name nnnmanne na raxo repmnn, xax
ram-menexmenr. ocnonno ero moxno nepenecrn xax ynpannenne npemenem. Ho
saymarect: pasne, xora mt nntnem na noxe no pexe, mt moxem ynpannxrt pexo? Touno rax
mt ne moxem ynpannxrt n npemenem. A uro mt moxem? Mt moxem pyxnrt co npemenem n
ynpannxrt coo. Mt c namn noronopnm o rex momenrax pyxt co npemenem, xoropte, xax
npannno, ne ocyxamrcx n ontmnncrne xnnr, paccmarpnnammnx +ror nonpoc, xax t xopomo
onn nn tnn nanncant.
3auem xe pyxnrt co npemenem? urot ns cnryannn ntopa HHH/HHH (cemtx nnn paora,
ycnex nnn cuacrte, paora nnn yuea) nepern x nonoxennm cocymecrnonannx H/H. Fontmnncrno
nme cuacrnnnt n xnnyr n rapmonnn c coo rora, xora nm ne npnxonrcx xaxt pas
myunrentno ntnpart, uem xe noxeprnonart. uenonex, +]]exrnnno ncnontsymmn cnoe npemx,
nyume ortxaer n nonyuaer ontme nonoxnrentntx +monn or omennx c nnsxnmn, xon,
urennx nnn noxoa n rearp, or noesox na npnpoy n mymntx neuepnnox c pystxmn. A
nonoxnrentnte +monnn +ro n xoneunom cuere eme n name soponte, xpacora n +neprernxa n
xnsnn. Tax uro anare ocranonnmcx n noymaem o rom, xax nopyxnrtcx co npemenem. Ono roro
cronr.

Hpnopn1e1m. npeun Hpoyx1nnnoe n nenpoyx1nnnoe

Cnennanncram, snaxomtm c ram-menexmenrom, xopomo nsnecrna marpnna 3senxay+pa,
nnn rax nastnaemax marpnna npnopnreron. Onaxo ecrt na momenra, xoropte otuno ntstnamr
mnoro nonpocon, n uacrnocrn y cnymarene nporpamm MBA, mnorne ns xoroptx reopernuecxn
nectma xopomo nororonnent. Hrax, +ra marpnna npenonaraer pasenenne ncex saau no nym
ocxm cpounoe n naxnoe. Ho nosnnxaer nonpoc: xax nmenno onpeenxrt, uro nmenno xnnxercx
cpountm n naxntm. Hpenaram napnanr nnrepnperannn, xoropt mne xaxercx nyumnm.

Baanoe ro, uro ononpemenno snaunmo nx nsnec-pesyntraron n cnoxno
n ncnonnennn.
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un1pnn Bonoroen, Cne1nana Bnanunponna Hnanona: Anunan +qqex1nnnoc1t na 100%: Cpocn1t annac1, nan1n
cen, oc1nut nenn
36

Hanpnmep, nam neoxonmo npnrnacnrt naprnepa xomnannn na npasnonanne mnnex
]npmt. Honnnxer nn rexcr npnrnamennx na pesyntrart nsneca? Her. Cneonarentno, nt moxere
nopyunrt cexperapm cocrannrt raxoe npnrnamenne. pyro napnanr: neoxonmo nanncart
nnctmo ncrpntmropy c coomennem o nontmennn nen na cneymmn ro, npnuem naxno
coxpannrt c nnm nosnrnnnte ornomennx. Moxer nn nnctmo nonnnxrt cymecrnenno na nsnec?
a. Cnoxno nn +ro? a. Ho+romy nt yere enart +ro camn. pyro nonpoc, yere nn nt camn
ornpannxrt +ro nnctmo no noure (ecnn nmenno rax ono onxno trt ornpanneno). Cxopee ncero,
nt nopyunre +ro cexperapm, rax xax ornpannenne nnctma xort n snaunmo nx nsneca, onaxo
rexnnuecxn ocymecrnnrt +ro npocro. Taxnm opasom, mt eme pas npnxonm x ntnoy:


Baanoe =ononpemenno cymecrnenno nnnxmmee na nsnec n cnoxnoe n
ncnonnennn.

Cpounoe . Hpn onpeenennn cpounocrn ontmnncrno nme yunrtnamr
rontxo yanennocrt cpoxa, x xoropomy neoxonmo ntnonnnrt saauy, a raxxe
npemx na ee peannsannm. 3roro neocrarouno. Hyxno raxxe yunrtnart
nnrentnocrt pyrnx en, xoropte sannannponant y nac na annt nepno, a
raxxe cnoonoe npemx pyrnx nme, ecnn nx nomomt nnn nn]opmannx
nonaoxrcx nam nx peannsannn saaun.

Taxnm opasom, cnryannx moxer ntrnxert npnmepno rax.
Ceronx 15-e uncno, a x 25-my nam neoxonmo nororonnrt anannrnuecxn oruer. Bpemx
na nororonxy oruera 5 paounx uacon. Cpounoe nn +ro eno?
A) Hecpounoe, rax xax y nac ner ontmoro xonnuecrna pyrnx sannannponanntx en c
rountm cpoxom ncnonnennx.
F) Cpounoe, rax xax 17-ro nt yesxaere n xomannponxy, n ram y nac ne yer nosmoxnocrn
roronnrt oruer, nocxontxy nt yere sanxrt pemennem pyrnx saau.
B) Cpounoe, rax xax nx nororonxn oruera nam neoxonmo 2 uaca npemenn
mapxernnr-anannrnxa, xoropt cmoxer yennrt nam ero rontxo 16-ro uncna.

Taxax cxema onenxn cpounocrn saaun yer snaunrentno onee +]]exrnnno, uem npocro
un1pnn Bonoroen, Cne1nana Bnanunponna Hnanona: Anunan +qqex1nnnoc1t na 100%: Cpocn1t annac1, nan1n
cen, oc1nut nenn
37
pacuer nnrentnocrn en.
Kax antme ncnontsonart marpnny 3senxay+pa? Hepnoe, uro amr na ncex rpennnrax no
ram-menexmenry, nt onxnt enernponart nce nenaxnoe, ocrannxx cee rontxo nanonee
naxnte ena. Tax xax o +rom nnmyr nce, ro ne yem ocranannnnartcx na +rom nonpoce. Onaxo
uacro nosnnxaer nonpoc: uro enart, ecnn enernponart paory nexomy, nnn nce nounnennte
neperpyxent? Hnn npocro n cnny xon]nennnantnocrn nnn rpannn xopnoparnnno xyntrypt
raxne ena ne npnnxro xomy-nno enernponart? H nor na +ror nonpoc nourn nnxro ne aer
ornera. Ho x nonpoym ero narn.
V xaxoro ns nac n reuenne nx, neenn, mecxna ecrt npemx npoyxrnnnoe n
nenpoyxrnnnoe. Hpoyxrnnnocrt npemenn moryr onpeenxrt camte pasnte, onee nnn menee
ouennnte ]axropt:
nonornuecxne uact;
crenent ycranocrn;
ena, npemecrnonanmne +romy npemenn (ntnonnnn yrpom ouent cnoxnym nnn
crpecconym saauy n nect ent naxoxyct na noeme, nnn, naoopor, n nenpoyxrnnnom
cocroxnnn);
nernor, xoropt onnx monnnsyer, n npoyxrnnnocrt npemenn y nnx nontmaercx, a
pyrnx yrneraer;
mym, xoropt moxer cnnxart npoyxrnnnocrt, a moxer, n ne nnnxrt na nee;
npnntunt paoun pnrm (xro-ro n nauane neenn uyncrnyer cex maxcnmantno
oroxnynmnm n copanntm, a pyro rontxo nxonr n paouee cocroxnne);
npemx n opore (nanpnmep, n camonere nnn noese nno n oxnannn rpancnopra) nx
onnx ono maxcnmantno npoyxrnnno, rax xax ner pyrnx ornnexammnx ]axropon n conasnon, a
pyrne ns-sa trontx neyocrn ne moryr cocpeorounrtcx.

Cnncox moxno npoonxart o ecxoneunocrn. A renept anare coennnm nem o
naxnocrn en c npoyxrnnnocrtm npemenn, yxpennn raxnm opasom pyxy co npemenem.
Hrax, nex npocra o npeena: n nanonee npoyxrnnnoe cnoe npemx nt nnannpyere ena
camo ntcoxo naxnocrn, a uem nnxe npoyxrnnnocrt, rem nnxe crenent naxnocrn
nnannpyemtx en.

Hntmn cnonamn, nam neoxonmo ntnonnnrt cneymmne ecrnnx.
1. Onpeennre xpnrepnn npoyxrnnnocrn cnoero npemenn (onpeennre nx
cex, a ne pyxonocrnyxct rontxo ntmenepeuncnenntmn ]axropamn).
2. Hayunrect onpeenxrt npnopnrer (naxnocrt) n enart +ro nx ocnonno
macct cnonx en.
3. Pacnpeennre ena n npxmo sanncnmocrn: naxnocrt ena
npoyxrnnnocrt npemenn.
4. Perynxpno orcnexnnare +]]exrnnnocrt cncremt.

Hpnney npnmep ns cnoero ontra paort n xomnannn Johnson & Johnson.
Otuno n reuenne paouero nx (nonxrno, uro ne nce nn tnn onnaxont) x xax
HR-npexrop pemana cneymmne saaun: crparernuecxne nonpoct HR n anannrnxa, nnrepntm c
xannaramn roro yponnx, xoropt x xypnponana nnuno, xoncyntrnponanne corpynnxon,
xoyunnr, pemenne cnoxntx nnn xon]nnxrntx cnryann, nororonxa rpennnron nx corpynnxon
n ncrpntmropon, ananns pesmme na nnuno saxptnaemte naxancnn, pasronop c xannaramn no
rene]ony (ne nnrepntm, a oprnonpoct nnn oparnax cnxst no nroram nnrepntm), ocyxenne c
Ofpepakfupoean u onynukoean ua cafe : PRESSI ( HERSON )
un1pnn Bonoroen, Cne1nana Bnanunponna Hnanona: Anunan +qqex1nnnoc1t na 100%: Cpocn1t annac1, nan1n
cen, oc1nut nenn
38
xonneramn nnyrpennnmn saxasunxamn pexpyrnnra rexymnx naxancn n pesyntraron nnrepntm,
rexymne pyrnnnte nonpoct (rnna anancontx orueron n orueron no pacxoy ensnna).
Hpoyxrnnnocrt moero npemenn: x nenannxy npoxn onn ntnoxr menx ns pannonecnx, a
opora na paory ncera tna c nnmn cnxsana, rax uro npoyxrnnnoe nx menx npemx naunnaercx
c 10.0010.30, x mano em sa oeom (n +ro ne ntstnaer connnnocrt), ne uyncrnnrentna x mymy,
nocne cnoxnoro nnn crpecconoro ena otuno monnnsymct n npoyxrnnnocrt nontmaercx,
raxxe x nerxo nepexnmuamct n mox npoyxrnnnocrt ntme npn orcyrcrnnn monoronnocrn n
paore.
A renept anare paccmorpnm nornxy nnannponannx moero nx, ncxox ns +ro
nn]opmannn.


un1pnn Bonoroen, Cne1nana Bnanunponna Hnanona: Anunan +qqex1nnnoc1t na 100%: Cpocn1t annac1, nan1n
cen, oc1nut nenn
39


Pasymeercx, x npnnena ycnonnt napnanr. ent na ent ne npnxonrcx: cnryannx moxer
cxnatnartcx concem no-pyromy nnn nosnnxner ]opc-maxop, npn xoropom mt ne cmoxem
nonnnxrt na nsmenennx npoyxrnnnocrn npemenn n naxnocrt saau. Ocnonnax saaua
crpemnrtcx ecrnonart n maxcnmantnom coornercrnnn c ntxnnenntmn saxonomepnocrxmn
npoyxrnnnocrn n +]]exrnnnocrn pemennx saau, ncnontsonart xaxym nosmoxnocrt.
Pexomenym nonpoonart +ror noxo n onennrt ero oexrnnno (nacxontxo ynennunnact
npoyxrnnnocrt n xpearnnnocrt pemennx ecrnnrentno naxntx saau nno ymentmnnnct
npemennt

e sarpart). Haemct, on nam nooer.


A noome saymarect o npoyxrnnntx nosmoxnocrxx cocrnennoro npemenn. Eme yyun
cryenrxo, x nonnmana, uro npemx nennt pecypc, no, xax n nce nmn, x nennna n nonepxena
conasnam. B cnxsn c +rnm eme n nncrnryre nnrynrnnno npnmna x nmontrnomy ntnoy
npoyxrnnnocrt moero npemenn pesxo nospacraer n cnryannxx, xora ner conasnon sanxrtcx
uem-ro pyrnm, onee npnxrntm nnn ornneutcx na pasronop. Hpn +rom menx ne ornnexamr mymt
n nannune nme noxpyr. Pesyntrart, x xoroptm x npnmna:
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un1pnn Bonoroen, Cne1nana Bnanunponna Hnanona: Anunan +qqex1nnnoc1t na 100%: Cpocn1t annac1, nan1n
cen, oc1nut nenn
40
n xonne 1980-x nauane 1990-x mne yanoct cymecrnenno nonxrt yponent nnaennx
anrnncxnm xstxom sa cuer e]nnnra npoyxron nnrannx n ouepee n marasnnax. pana c
coo xnnxxy na anrnncxom n cnonapnx n, x ynnnennm croxmnx pxom aynex, norpyxanact n
urenne. oma x npx nn cmorna t cex sacrannrt sannmartcx;
snaunrentnym uacrt cnonx crare n xnnr x nanncana n opore n camonere, rocrnnnunom
nomepe nocne rxxenoro nx, a raxxe n nepeptnax na oe nnn no npemx nepement npn
nponeennn rpennnron nnn urennn nexnn na nporpammax MBA. Tam y menx ner pyrnx
conasnon, a nor oma mne sacrannrt cex nncart ropaso rpynee, cneonarentno,
npoyxrnnnocrt yer nnxe (rax xax nacrpo, no moemy ontry, nenocpecrnenno nnnxer na
npoyxrnnnocrt).
Ouent nonesno npoanannsnponart cnon ecrnnx c rouxn spennx npoyxrnnnocrn npemenn n
noconeronartcx c nmtmn, xoroptm nt onepxere. Kaxne-ro nemn, cnxsannte c +]]exrnnnocrtm
noneennx, nyume nnnt co cropont. Ocoenno snaunma +xcneprnax onenxa n rom cnyuae, ecnn
nama paora cnxsana c nynnunocrtm (nanpnmep, npesenrannn, neperonopt, neenne conemann
n r. n.) n ontmym pont nrpaer ne rontxo ro, xax nt cex uyncrnyere, no n ro, nacxontxo xopomo
ntrnxnre co cropont, xaxoe nponsnonre nneuarnenne.

3annannponannoe n c1nxnnnoe npeun

3rn repmnnt nt ncrpernre no ncex xnnrax n rpennnrax no ram-menexmenry (mt xe yxe
ronopnnn, uro npemenem xax raxontm ynpannxrt nentsx, moxno rontxo pyxnrt c nnm n
ynpannxrt coo). Onaxo ncera ynnnxer ror ]axr, uro mnorne anropt uerxo yxastnamr
coornomenne npemenn n nponenrax: nanpnmep, 60 % sannannponannoe npemx / 40 %
crnxnnoe. cunram, uro n omem cnyuae +rn nponenrt nentsx npocunrart, no moxno
onpeennrt raxoe coornomenne nx cex, cenan rmarentnym ]ororpa]nm cnoero paouero nx,
neenn, mecxna.
Ho npexe ncero anare pasepemcx c repmnnamn.

3annannponannoe npeun npemx, n reuenne xoroporo nt n rontxo nt
nnnxere na ro, uem sanxrt. Bt xosxnn nonoxennx, nac nnxro ne ornnexaer, ne
nopactnaer ononnnrentntx nonpocon n saau, xoropte nao cpouno pemnrt.

Paccmorpnm npnmept:
nt yxranrep n nonnmaere, uro n +rn uact corpynnxn ne yyr opamartcx x nam c
nonpocamn nnn saauamn (nnn n cnny cnenn]nxn name paort onn noome x nam ne
opamamrcx);
nt paoraere n axrnnntx npoaxax, r. e. xnnenrt ne ntxoxr na nac camn, a +ro npemx nt
ornenn nx nororonxn npesenrannn, yennnnnct n paoraere;
nt menexep no noopy nepconana, n +rn uact nt ntennnn nx npocmorpa
naxonnenntx pesmme;
nt pyxononrent, n nect ceronxmnn ent nt ornenn na xoppexrnponxy nsnec-nnana,
nx uero nam ne nyxnt xommynnxannn c pyrnmn nmtmn;
nt oma ona n xornre npnroronnrt npasnnunt yxnn, nnuro nac ne ornnexaer, nnxoro
pxom ner;
nt pemnnn ounrart ceronx nyxnym xnnry n sapanee oronopnnnct c myxem, uro on
nostmer na cex yxnn n ere.

un1pnn Bonoroen, Cne1nana Bnanunponna Hnanona: Anunan +qqex1nnnoc1t na 100%: Cpocn1t annac1, nan1n
cen, oc1nut nenn
41
C1nxnnnoe npeun npemx, n reuenne xoroporo sanxrocrt sanncnr ne or
nac, a or pyrnx nme n/nnn ocroxrentcrn.

Paccmorpnm npnmept:
nxoxmne snonxn or nnemnnx nnn nnyrpennnx (xonnern, utn nonpoct nt oxsant pemart)
xnnenron;
nt sanxrt paspemennem cnoxno nnn xon]nnxrno cnryannn n namem orene, n rouno
cnpornosnponart, cxontxo npemenn yer na +ro, nentsx, rax xax n xon]nnxr nonneueno cnnmxom
mnoro nme;
nt nonpaere nepconan. Hnrepntm moxer nnrtcx uac, ecnn xannar nac sannrepeconan,
nnn saxonunrtcx n reuenne nanarn mnnyr, ecnn xannar oxasancx ne ouent noxoxmnm;
nt ynpaere xnaprnpy, a noxpyr nac neprnrcx manentxn peenox: on ro npocnr noecrt, ro
emy xouercx n ryaner, ro emy xapxo n ero nao nepeoert;
nt oma n unraere xnnry, no snaere, uro n nnxamne na uaca onxnt npnrn copmnxn
meenn, urot copart nont mxa]. Bt nonxrnx ne nmeere o rom, cxontxo npemenn +ro ornnmer,
npnercx nn nx nocroxnno xonrponnponart, cxontxo nonpocon onn saayr.

Kaxomy ns nac cronr cenart rax nastnaemym ]ororpa]nm cnoero npemenn (ne rontxo
paouero, rax xax nnunoe npemx moxno nnannponart no rem xe npnnnnnam). Hpn +rom
xenarentno ne orpannunnartcx onnm nem n axe neene, a enart samept, nanpnmep, mecxna,
norom neenn, a sarem yxe nx. Houemy rax? eno n rom, uro coornomenne sannannponannoro n
crnxnnoro npemenn moxer menxrtcx ne rontxo n reuenne nx, no n n reuenne onee nnrentntx
nepnoon npemenn. (Hanpnmep, nanontmee xonnuecrno snonxon or xnnenron y nac rpannnonno
npnxonrcx na nxrnnny, no onn pexo snonxr n noneentnnx nnn neuepom, a n cpey nao ontme
npemenn yennrt nponepxe ypoxon y peenxa, rax xax n uernepr y nero camt cnoxnt mxontnt
ent. 3ro snaunr, uro ornomenne crnxnnoro npemenn x sannannponannomy n nxrnnny yer
ntme. Ananornunax renennnx moxer coxpanxrtcx n reuenne mecxna nnn axe roa, ecnn nt
cranxnnaerect n nsnece c xpxo ntpaxenno cesonnocrtm.)
Hrax, y xaxoro uenonexa coornomenne sannannponannoro n crnxnnoro npemenn moxer
cnntno ornnuartcx n pasnte nepnot. Bonpoc n rom, nx uero xe nam nao snart o +rom? Kax
ncnontsonart +ro snanne nx nontmennx cocrnenno +]]exrnnnocrn n yonnernopennocrn
xnsntm? 3ect moxno ntennrt na momenra:
1. Bt moxere rouno nnannponart oem cnonx paounx nnn nnuntx en rontxo na ror
nepno, xoropt ornocnrcx x sannannponannomy npemenn. 3ro snaunr, uro ecnn mo
noctmnuacono paoun ent cocrannxer 50/50, ro x mory xecrxo nnannponart cnon ena rontxo
na 4 uaca ns nnx. B ocrantnte 4 uaca x yy ntnonnxrt pesepnnte ena, xoropte moxno cenart
n ne ceronx, ecnn nce +rn uact yyr sanonnent crnxnntmn enamn. Ananornunt npnnnnn
pacnpocrpanxercx n na nnunoe npemx. mory trt ynepena, uro, nauan n nocemt neuepa, x saxonuy
npnroronnenne nma, xoropoe rpeyer uaca npemenn, ponno n enxrt, ecnn +ro npemx
cronponenrno sannannponannoe. Onaxo ecnn x nonnmam, uro menx moryr ornnexart myx, ern
nnn copmnxn meenn, ro nentsx trt ynepenno, uro saxonunmt roronxy x enxrn, a snaunr
nao nmert onpeenennt sanac npemenn. 3ro camoe nepnoe n camoe npocroe.
2. 3naunrentno ontmn +]]exr nx nontmennx name +]]exrnnnocrn n
yonnernopennocrn yer anart ymentmenne nponenra crnxnnoro npemenn n nontsy
ynennuennx sannannponannoro. anare ocynm cnocot, c nomomtm xoroptx +ro moxno
cenart. Hx necxontxo:
pacnnannpyre cno ent raxnm opasom, urot maxcnmym ]axropon, xoropte enamr
Ofpepakfupoean u onynukoean ua cafe : PRESSI ( HERSON )
un1pnn Bonoroen, Cne1nana Bnanunponna Hnanona: Anunan +qqex1nnnoc1t na 100%: Cpocn1t annac1, nan1n
cen, oc1nut nenn
42
name npemx crnxnntm, npnxonnnct na crporo onpeenennte uact, a nce ocrantnte ena, na
xoropte nnnxere rontxo nt, na ocrantnym uacrt nx. 3ro moxno cenart, ecnn nanmaercx
uerxax npemenna

x saxonomepnocrt (nanpnmep, snonxn or xnnenron nocrynamr npenmymecrnenno


no nropo nononnne nx, nocne roro xax onn nonyuar nn]opmannm or nac) nnn nt moxere
nonnnxrt na cnon npnemnte uact (nanpnmep, uact xoncyntrnponannx corpynnxon
npnxoxrcx na nropym nononnny nx);
nocraparect ncnontsonart rannuxy Hsnnnnre, n nacroxmee npemx x sanxra na 1 uac
(nnn n reuenne pyroro nepnoa) n re uact, xora nt ntnonnxere ocoenno naxnym paory, nnn
saxptnart nept xannera, ecnn y nac orentnt xanner;
nocraparect mnnnmnsnponart xonnuecrno ornnexammnx nac or naxntx en ]axropon.
Hanpnmep, n nepno ntnonnennx naxno paort moxno ntcrannxrt anroornerunx n nepesnonnrt
nosnee, a raxxe ne ornnexartcx na xaxoe nxoxmee coomenne no e-mail nnn no pyromy
xommynnxannonnomy xanany.

Cxaan HET c1epeo1nnnmu cone1au

Hepexo n xnnrax no ram-menexmenry amrcx crepeornnnte conert rnna:
ne naunnare ent c npocmorpa nourt nnn xaxnx-ro pyrnx menxnx en;
ntnonnxre onoponte ena enntm noxom;
]opmynnpyre nx cex ena n nne pesyntrara, a ne nponecca nx ntnonnennx;
rmarentno rorontrect x ntnonnxemo paore.
Taxnx coneron mnoro. O nepnom ns nnx mt c namn yxe ronopnnn: npannntnocrt nnn
nenpannntnocrt +roro conera sanncnr or namnx nonornuecxnx uacon n pyrnx ]axropon
npoyxrnnnocrn npemenn. A o ocrantntx conerax peut noer nnxe. V nac yer nosmoxnocrt
nporn neontmoe recrnponanne (naeemcx, uro nepe coo nt yere uecrnt) n nonyunrt
nepconantnte pexomenannn, ncxox ns ntxnnenntx no pesyntraram recra ocoennocre.

Hrax, noxanycra, ornertre na necxontxo nonpocon:
1. uro nx nac onee ecrecrnenno n xom]oprno: nnrentnoe npemx
ntnonnxrt onornnnte saaun nnn saaun pasnnunoro rnna? Onennre, xax npn
nnrentnom (c name rouxn spennx) ntnonnennn onornnntx saau menxercx
namn npoyxrnnnocrt n nacrpoenne n nyumym cropony nnn n xymym?
2. Bt ntnonnxere ononpemenno na ne ocoenno cnoxntx ena (nanpnmep,
ocyxaere paoune nonpoct no rene]ony n npocmarpnnaere noury nno
cmorpnre ]nntm (ne camt saxnartnammn) n npornxtnaere rasery). nnxercx
nn raxax cnryannx nx nac xom]oprno nnn ncxom]oprno? Cnntno nn
cnnxaercx cxopocrt nocnpnxrnx, nontmaercx nn nponenr omnox?
3. Onnmnre cno nocnenn paoun npoexr (nnn nocnenmm paouym
neenm).
4. Hpecrantre, uro nam npecronr ntrn na nonym paory. Onnmnre nam
nepnt paoun ent.

Paccmorpnm pesyntrart.

1.

un1pnn Bonoroen, Cne1nana Bnanunponna Hnanona: Anunan +qqex1nnnoc1t na 100%: Cpocn1t annac1, nan1n
cen, oc1nut nenn
43


2.



3.



4.



Hepconantnte pexomenannn (cornacno nonyuenntm orneram)

Ofpepakfupoean u onynukoean ua cafe : PRESSI ( HERSON )
un1pnn Bonoroen, Cne1nana Bnanunponna Hnanona: Anunan +qqex1nnnoc1t na 100%: Cpocn1t annac1, nan1n
cen, oc1nut nenn
44


un1pnn Bonoroen, Cne1nana Bnanunponna Hnanona: Anunan +qqex1nnnoc1t na 100%: Cpocn1t annac1, nan1n
cen, oc1nut nenn
45


Ceuac nt cmornn onpeennrt cnon nnnnnyantnte ocoennocrn n nonyunrt
pexomenannn c yuerom cnenn]nxn name nnunocrn. Hocraparect yuecrt nx npn nnannponannn
cnoero paouero n nnunoro npemenn. Onaxo ecrt eme onn momenr, cnxsannt c remo pyxt
co npemenem, xoropt cronr ocynrt.

Hoanpa1enn npeuenn

anare onpeennmcx c xpnrepnxmn +]]exrnnno nponeennoro npemenn: nt nonyuaere
nno yonontcrnne, nno nontsy. Ho+romy n nnuno xnsnn noxnparenxmn npemenn mt moxem
cunrart ro, uro ne npnnecno nn yonontcrnnx, nn nontst. Tax uro axe ecnn nt cnnre nepe
renennsopom c yrtnxo nnna n or +roro nonyuaere yonontcrnne, snaunr npemx norpaueno ne
spx. Craparect ne enart camn n ne sacrannxrt cnonx nnsxnx enart ro, uro ne npnnocnr
yonontcrnnx, a nontsa comnnrentna (xpxn npnmep raxo cnryannn: peenxa sacrannxmr xonrt
n mystxantnym mxony, xoropym on repnert ne moxer n npn +rom y nero xnno ner saarxon
npo]eccnonantnoro mystxanra). Ecnn xe nt nonyunnn yonontcrnne (nocmorpenn nnrepecnt
]nntm), nnn nontsy (npnymann nnan caonoro yuacrxa), nnn n ro n pyroe (nonesnoe xon;
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un1pnn Bonoroen, Cne1nana Bnanunponna Hnanona: Anunan +qqex1nnnoc1t na 100%: Cpocn1t annac1, nan1n
cen, oc1nut nenn
46
x +ro xareropnn moxer trt ornecen n nnan caonoro yuacrxa, ecnn ero cocrannenne ocrannno
nam paocrt), ro npemx tno ncnontsonano conepmenno npannntno.
Onaxo n reuenne nx mt uacro cranxnnaemcx c rax nastnaemtmn noxnparenxmn npemenn,
r. e. c rem, uro ne npnnocnr nam nontst. Paccmorpnm, xaxne cymecrnymr noxnparenn npemenn n
uro moxno cenart, urot ymentmnrt norepn. Hpenaram cneymmym xnaccn]nxannm.
Hoanpa1enn npeuenn





un1pnn Bonoroen, Cne1nana Bnanunponna Hnanona: Anunan +qqex1nnnoc1t na 100%: Cpocn1t annac1, nan1n
cen, oc1nut nenn
47
axe +ro neontmoe uncno pemenn nosnonnr xaxomy nyume pyxnrt co npemenem,
yunrtnax cnon nnnnnyantnte ocoennocrn. Tenept eno sa namn, noromy uro rontxo ontmoe
xenanne, ycnnnx nonn n onpeenennt rpy nosnonnr nam npnmennrt na npaxrnxe nncrpymenrt
onrnmnsannn ncnontsonannx npemenn. Vaun n +rom!


Kax +qqex1nnno c1pon1t o1nomennn c nmtun, ne noxoanun na nac

Ec.u ei xopouo cmpoume omuoueuu c .moi+u, noxoru+u ua
eac, mo ei xopouu ro++vuuramop. Oouaro cmami om.u:ui+
ro++vuuramopo+ +oruo, mo.iro uav:ueuuci ua.arueami
omuoueuu c .moi+u, ue noxoru+u ua eac.


Cne1nana Hnanona : B +oe paoome ousuec-mpeuepa oi. maro saumui
c.v:a. B npuexa.a ua nepeeoeopi e ro+nauum, romopa eioupa.a npoeaoepa
o. npoeeoeuu mpeuuueoe no npooara+. Moe e.im oi.o coe.ami mar,
:mooi eiopa.u u+euuo +eu, nocro.irv npoerm oi. sua:ume.iui+ u
quuaucoeo eieooui+. B ecmpe:a.aci c ao+uuucmpamueui+ oupermopo+,
romopi no:e+v-mo eino.u. eue u qvuruu +eueorepa no nepcoua.v.
(Umooi oa.iueuu +o paccras oi. noumeu, paccrarv ue+uoeo o ceoe:
oicmpo eoeopm, :acmo c uusro cmeneuim oema.iuocmu, mar rar
opueumupoeaua ua pesv.imam.) Hmar, ua:uuaemc ecmpe:a. B nosoopoea.aci,
npeocmaeu.aci, r.ueum marre. 3ame+ ou eoeopum: Ceem.aua
paccrarume rar npoxooum eau mpeuuue? B ua:uuam eoeopumi:
Cua:a.a e mpeuuuee pasoupae+ oouv us mexuo.oeu npooar
uanpu+ep paoomv c eospareuu+u 3ame+ ompaoamieae+ po.eeie
uepi ua npu+epe mex eospareuu c romopi+u pea.iuo
cma.rueammc v:acmuuru mpeuuuea Ou nepeoueaem +eu u eoeopum: A
+oruo nonoopoouee Bi saxooume e avoumopum soopoeaemeci a
oa.iue? Hv u e maro+ re me+ne (ov+am, ei ooeaoa.uci, :mo mo:ru
osua:amm oo.eue navsi). B paccrasieam o mo+, rar soopoeamci,
npeocmae.mci, same+ +i suaro+u+c no rpvev, cooupae+ oruoauu
v:acmuuroe, norasieam nepei c.ao u nuuv ua oocre me+v, nomo+ Hv u
mar oa.ee e me:euue +uuvm 2030. Bic.vuae ecm omv, c +oe mo:ru speuu, ue
ca+vm uvruvm uuqop+aum, r.ueum eoeopum: Hv eom, uaroue-mo cepiesui
mpeuep npuexa., a mo ece rarue-mo cvem.ueie oi.u Tar ou oeuu. mom
qarm, :mo +ue voa.oci noocmpoumic noo eeo cmu.i ooueuu u npuopumemi.

uro xe nponcxonno na ncrpeuax c monmn npemecrnennnxamn? Cxopee ncero, onn
ntrannct oxasart, uro n rpennnre naxen ne nponecc, a pesyntrar, nosmoxno, ronopnnn
ocrarouno tcrpo, uro xapaxrepno nx mnornx nsnec-rpenepon n nnonne coornercrnyer
rpeonannxm npo]eccnn. Ho xnnenry tno nexom]oprno omartcx raxnm opasom, n rontxo
nocrpoxa no ero crnnt npnnena menx x noee ntop tn cenan n mom nontsy. Tax uro +ror
paccxas moxer cnyxnrt cnoeopasntm +nnrpa]om x paseny!
Ouent mnorne ycnemno crpoxr nsanmoornomennx c remn nmtmn, xro noxox na nnx. 3ro
cnxsano n c npoexnne, o xoropo mt ronopnnn n rnane 1 Cpocnrt annacr, c rem, uro y nme
Ofpepakfupoean u onynukoean ua cafe : PRESSI ( HERSON )
un1pnn Bonoroen, Cne1nana Bnanunponna Hnanona: Anunan +qqex1nnnoc1t na 100%: Cpocn1t annac1, nan1n
cen, oc1nut nenn
48
pasnax cncrema nnrepecon n nennocre, a raxxe c nx meranporpammamn, xoropte raxxe moryr
xapnnantno pasnnuartcx (o uem mt yem ronopnrt nnxe).

Pasnnune n nennoc1nx

Karoi :e.oeer u+eem npaeo ua ceou euuocmu. Ho oo mex
nop, nora ouu ue saoeeamm euuocmu opveoeo.


HCTOPHR HEPBAR . Oouu us v:acmuuroe mpeuuuea paccrasa. o
npoo.e+e, eosuurue v uux ua paoome. B ovxea.mepuu ooeo.iuo rpvnuo
ro+nauuu, reucro+ ro..ermuee, oo.eoe epe+ cvuecmeoea. samruo
rouq.urm. B ueeo oi.a emuvma oo.iua :acmi compvouu, npu:e+ ua
onpeoe.euuo+ omane omom rouq.urm, usua:a.iuo :ucmo .u:uocmui, cma.
crasieamic u ua paoome, ua esau+ono+ouu u esau+osa+eue+ocmu
ovxea.mepoe. H+euuo omom qarm u npue.er euu+auue oouoeo us pvroeooume.e
ro+nauuu. B pesv.imame oocmamo:uo omrpoeeuuix paseoeopoe c
compvouua+u eicuu.oci c.eovmuee. B ro..ermuee oaeuo paoomaem Auua
ceoeoopasui .uoep cmapueeo noro.euu ovxea.mepoe. Oua no.isvemc
veareuue+ sa npoqeccuoua.us+ u cu.iui xaparmep. Ioo uasao ua paoomv
es.u Mapuuv, +o.oovm reuuuuv c cu.iuo xapus+o u euo ma.aum.ueoeo
ovxea.mepa, romopa sa no.eooa c+oe.a npooeuuvmic no c.vroe oi.a
nepeeeoeua ua oo.ee c.orui v:acmor u no.v:u.a oo.ruocmi cmapueeo
ovxea.mepa. Oua euo u+eem e.uuue ua oo.ee +o.oovm :acmi ro..ermuea.
Oouaro uu Auua, uu Mapuua ue cmpe+mc r po.u .uoepa, no rpaue +epe e
uacmouee epe+. Tar e :e+ re npu:uua rouq.urma? e.o e mo+, :mo Auua,
uec+omp ua cu.iui xaparmep, ue cmpe+umc r rapiepe u .uoepcmev npocmo
nomo+v, :mo cmaeum ua nepeoe +ecmo ce+euie euuocmu: v uee +vr u oeoe
oeme. Oua o:eui eopoumc vcnexa+u ceoux oeme, :acmo paccrasieaem o uux
ua paoome, oe.aem ece, :mooi voe.mi u+ +uoeo euu+auu u oimi xopoue
xosro. Auua cooupaem peenmi, ee eo.uvem :ucmoma e oo+e, oua
neperueaem, ec.u rmo-mo us oeme npuuocum mporv us uro.i. Mapuua
ucnoeeovem coeepueuuo opveue rusueuuie npuuuni opami om rusuu ece
vooeo.icmeu, ue saoiea o mo+, :mo o. omoeo uvrui oeuieu, m. e. xopoua
paooma ce:ac u vcneuua rapiepa e ovovue+. Mapuua :acmo paccrasieaem o
r.voax, ee:epuurax, ceoux ooqpeuoax, romopie v uee nepuoou:ecru +eummc.
Tpamumi epe+ ua eomoerv u vooprv rara e.vnocmi. Taru+ oopaso+,
euuocmu u vcmauoeru v Auui u Mapuui oua+empa.iuo npomueono.orui. Hpu
omo+ Mapuua ocmpa ua sir u, c.vua paccrasi Auui, uepeoro noonvcraem
unu.iru. Ta, e ceom o:epeoi, oouraci ua sa+e:auu Mapuui, ue o:eui .ecmuo
omsieaemc o ee +opa.iuo+ oo.ure. Hepena.ru eosuura.u ece :aue u :aue. V
raroo us oa+ noeu.uci ceou cmopouuui. Hpomueope:u uapacma.u.
Pesv.imam rouq.urm u ceoeoopasuie r.aui e ro..ermuee, o romopix +i
vre vno+uua.u. K c:acmim, cumvaum voa.oci paspeuumi, mar rar u Mapuua,
u Auua oi.u ece-maru v+ui+u reuuuua+u. Peueuue sar.m:a.oci e mo+, :mo u
e.aeuie eepouuu, u ocma.iuie compvouui ooeoeopu.uci o eeeoeuuu
sanpemuix me+, romopie ue ovovm oocvroamic e ro..ermuee. Kar ei
un1pnn Bonoroen, Cne1nana Bnanunponna Hnanona: Anunan +qqex1nnnoc1t na 100%: Cpocn1t annac1, nan1n
cen, oc1nut nenn
49
nouu+aeme, omu+u me+a+u cma.u me, romopie u eisiea.u pasuoe.acu u
rouq.urm.

HCTOPHR BTOPAR npuu.a r ua+ us A.+a-Ami (Kasaxcmau). .
npoeeoeuu ce+uuapoe mvoa npue.acu.u o:eui useecmuoeo
npenooaeame.-mpeuepa, npusuauuoeo aemopumema no onpeoe.euuo me+amure
e Poccuu. Oouaro ce+uuap npoue. ue o:eui vcneuuo. B :e+ npu:uua? A e mo+,
:mo mpeuep ooeo.iuo :acmo u eo.iuo oaea. ro++eumapuu, e romopix
npucvmcmeoea.a cercva.iua me+amura. Hpu:e+ cpasv om+emu+ uu:eeo
craopesuoeo. B Poccuu marue eicrasieauu, rar npaeu.o, eocnpuuu+ammc
.uoo uempa.iuo, .uoo nosumueuo. Oouaro mpaouuu Kasaxcmaua ue
noseo.mm nvo.u:uo oare ecro.isi racamic marux me+. Pesv.imam
ueeamueuoe omuoueuue avoumopuu u r eeovue+v, u r ca+o+v ce+uuapv.

TPETLR HCTOPHR cropee noxora ua aueroom, uo :mo c.v:u.oci, mo
c.v:u.oci. Ha nvo.u:uvm rouqepeuum e Kasaui oi. npue.aueu useecmui
+ocroecru cneua.ucm. B ca+o+ ua:a.e ceoeeo eicmvn.euu (eno.ue r +ecmv, c
mo:ru speuu cooeprauu) ou ucno.isoea. pvccrvm noeoeoprv Heseaui eocmi
xvre mamapuua. Jqqerm eicmvn.euu e mamapcro cmo.ue oi.
ueus+epu+o oa.er om npeono.aeae+oeo

A ceuac mt noomnn x ornery na nonpoc, xax nserart noontx nponem n uro enart,
ecnn raxoe nponsomno.



Kax ne onycxa1t xonqnnx1a c1opon ns-sa pasnnnm nennoc1en n yc1anonox

He nperenyx na aconmrnym npannntnocrt coneron, npenoxy necxontxo
pemenn.
1. Hepnoe n, nanepnoe, rnannoe: nt ne moxere trt onosnauno ynepent,
uro nmenno namn nennocrn n ycranonxn ncrnna n nocnene nncrannnn.
pyrne nmn moryr, xax n nt, nmert cnon neant. pyro ne snaunr nnoxo.
uanarnsm eme nnxoro o opa ne ononn. Homnnre, cxontxo xponn sa ncm
ncropnm uenoneuecrna tno nponnro ns-sa neconnaennx pennrnosntx
nosspenn (a pennrn n nx reuenn onontno mnoro, n croponnnxn xaxo ns
nnx aconmrno ynepent, uro onn npant, a ocrantnte sanyxamrcx),
nonnrnuecxnx yexenn (xpacnte ente n p.), cxontxo ccop n pasnoon
tnn ntsnant nenpnxrnem onoro cocnonnx pyrnm. 3auem nponenart +ror
neuantnt px?
2. B cnryannn ntnyxennoro omennx (paora, enonte xonraxrt,
nynnunoe ntcrynnenne n r. .) craparect cosnarentno nserart rem n
nosepxnnartcx or raxnx xommenrapnen, xoropte moryr sarparnnart nennocrn
pyrnx nme n ntstnart y nnx nerarnnnym peaxnnm. Tontxo n rom cnyuae,
ecnn nt aconmrno ynepent n connaennn nennocre n nsrnxon, ocyxare
+rn remt.
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un1pnn Bonoroen, Cne1nana Bnanunponna Hnanona: Anunan +qqex1nnnoc1t na 100%: Cpocn1t annac1, nan1n
cen, oc1nut nenn
50
3. He ncrynare n nonemnxy c nmtmn, xoropte, ne nosnaxomnnmnct c +ro
xnnro n ne nmex ocrarouno mypocrn (nnn npocro spanoro cmtcna),
conepmnnn raxym omnxy. Homnnre, nsmennrt nennocrn nspocnoro uenonexa
xpane cnoxno, a n, uecrno ronopx, ne nyxno. Ecnn nt cunraere, uro +ro
neoxonmo, ro cronr saymartcx o cmene npo]eccnn n crart uem-ro npoe
mnccnonepa nnn nncart xnnrn, xoropte mornn t oxasart cnntnoe nnnxnne na
ycranonxn mnornx nme. Bo ncex nntx cnyuaxx nt ne nonyunre nnuero, xpome
rononno onn, nosnnxner pncx ncnoprnrt ornomennx c uenonexom, xoropt
nxonr n xpyr namero enonoro omennx.
4. Ecnn xon]nnxr, ntsnannt npornnopeunem nennocre n nsrnxon,
nponsomen (ner cmtcna pasnpartcx, utx ryr nnna nnn neocropoxnocrt), ro
cronr nnn camocroxrentno, nnn uepes nocpennxa nerpantnoro uenonexa,
xoropomy nt onepxere, orxptro oronopnrtcx co nropo cropono o rom, uro
mt orenxem xopomne paoune ornomennx or rex npornnopeun, xoropte ecrt n
namnx nennocrntx ycranonxax, n epem na cex oxsarentcrno ne ocyxart
pyr c pyrom rem, xoropte moryr ntsnart npornnopeunx. oronopnrect o xpyre
rem (ne oxsarentno rontxo paounx), ocyxenne xoroptx yer esonacntm.
5. Ecnn peut ner o xpyre nnsxnx nme, ]opmnponart xoropt nontnt nt
camn, ro nt moxere crponrt ornomennx rontxo c remn, utn nennocrn n nsrnxt
connaamr c namnmn.

Temt, onacnte nx ocyxennx c rouxn spennx nosmoxnocrn xon]nnxra nennocre n
nsrnxon
Pennrnn
ymaercx, uro sect nce nonxrno: ne cronr ocyxart (ncxnmuax, xoneuno, nnsxnx nme)
nn npnnepxennocrt onpeenenno pennrnn, nn arensm. H ror n pyro ]axrop moxer ntsnart
ony.
Ceuennme nennoc1n/cnoonme o1nomennn n nmnn
nx onnx nme annt ]axrop n npnnnnne ne xnnxercx nennocrno naxntm, no pyrne
nmemr ouent uerxne n xpanne ycranonxn, uro moxer npnnecrn x xon]nnxry, onncannomy ntme.
Amme qax1opm, cnnsannme c nosuoanoc1nun ncxpnunnannn (renepnt ]axrop,
nannonantnocrt, cexc-mentmnncrna, ornomenne x nospacry)
Ecrt nmn, xoropte nponnsnpymr na cnonm nospacrom nnn paccxastnamr anexort o
nmxx cnoe nannonantnocrn, onaxo +ro eme ne osnauaer, uro onn nosnrnnno nocnpnmyr raxym
xe nponnm or nac. Ho o +rom uyrt nosxe.
Bora1c1no/enoc1t
Hnrepecno, uro n name crpane, nnnmo, n cnny ncropnuecxoro ontra, ocyxenne n
onoro, n pyroro ]axropa moxer trt nocnpnnxro onnaxono onesnenno. Ecrt re, xro ropnrcx
cnoe enocrtm n nerarnnno nocnpnnnmaer namexn na ee orcyrcrnne, a nexoropte nnonne
oecneuennte nmn, naoopor, c rpyom nocnpnnnmamr namexn na cocrnennym
oecneuennocrt.
Ynnaammne oc1onnc1no qax1opm
Kommenrapnn no nonoy nnemnocrn (nx xencxo aynropnn nnn xonnexrnna),
cexcyantntx nosmoxnocre (npenmymecrnenno nx myxunn).


un1pnn Bonoroen, Cne1nana Bnanunponna Hnanona: Anunan +qqex1nnnoc1t na 100%: Cpocn1t annac1, nan1n
cen, oc1nut nenn
51

!!! Ecnn uenonex cam nponnsnpyer na coo nnn cnonmn nennocrxmn, +ro ne
snaunr, uro on onycxaer raxoe ornomenne xe x cee co cropont oxpyxammnx.
eno n rom, uro y nexoroptx nme, xoropte nmemr xaxne-nno xomnnexct,
ntpaartnaercx samnrnax peaxnnx: onn naunnamr nynnuno nponnsnponart no
nonoy rex ]axropon, xoropte crann ocnono nx xomnnexcon, xax t noxastnax,
uro onn nm espasnnunt. Onaxo ecnn xro-ro pyro noepxnnaer nx nponnm
nnn naunnaer cmexrtcx no romy xe nonoy, +ro nx cnntno onxaer. Tax uro,
noxanycra, ne nocnpnnnmare camonponnm n nacmemxy na ]axramn ute-ro
norpa]nn nnn nennocrxmn xax nono n nosmoxnocrt nomyrnrt na ry xe remy.

Paspaaammne uenoun

Ereoueeuoe .eeroe pasopareuue evoum omuoueuu ue xvre
peoro npoe.e+o pocmu.

Onn ns onpocon, onynnxonanntx n Hnrepnere, noxasan, uro 42 % pasnoon nponcxoxr
ns-sa nexenannx n neymennx cynpyron nonxrt pyr pyra (nx cpannennx: 31 % anxoronnsm n
cxanant n ntxnom nne, 15 % nsment). onontno uacro raxax cnryannx npnxptnaercx nsnro
]opmynnponxo: He comnnct xapaxrepamn. B uem xe npnunnt cront neuantno crarncrnxn?
Hepnt orner xpoercx n namem paccxase: n neconnaennn nennocre. Ocnonnax omnxa
cynpyron saxnmuaercx n rom, uro onn ne cmornn ntxnnrt cymecrnymmne npornnopeunx o paxa
nno uerxo onpeennrt, cmoryr nn onn c nnmn mnpnrtcx.
Bropo orner: paspaxammne menoun. 3ro mt rax nx nastnaem. Ha camom ene
xonxpernomy uenonexy onn moryr noxasartcx snaunmtmn.
Paccmorpnm nectma pacnpocrpanennym cnryannm:

B npeu+vuecmeeuuo reucro+ ro..ermuee oouo ro+nauuu ueeamueuoe
omuoueuue r oouo us ro..ee, romopoe nocmeneuuo ucnopmu.o paoo:ue
omuoueuu, eipoc.o us oouo +e.o:u. Kar eicuu.oci vre ua cmaouu peueuu
rouq.urma, npu:uua oi.a e mo+, :mo compvouua no.isoea.aci c.uuro+
mre.i+u ovxa+u, npu:e+ no.uea.a ceo u+u ooeo.iuo cu.iuo. Ho+eueuue
npoeempuea.oci ue o:eui xopouo. . +uoeux ro..ee omom qarm orasa.c
eeci+a uenpumui+ u sua:u+i+. Kasa.oci oi, epvuoa, uo cmoum .u nopmumi
omuoueuu c opveu+u us-sa ueromopix ceoux cnopuix npuei:er.

Ecnn ronopnrt o noontx menouax, paspemnre art nam na conera.
COBET N 1. 3aymarect, xaxne ns namnx npnntuex moryr paspaxart oxpyxammnx.
Hocraparect noomartcx c remn, xomy nt onepxere n xro moxer trt ncxpenen n orxponenen c
namn. Vrounnre, ecrt nn nmanct n namem noneennn nnn xaxne-ro npnntuxn, xoropte moryr
paspaxart oxpyxammnx. Ecnn raxne npnntuxn ne xnnxmrcx nx nac enom npnnnnna n ne
esymno nam oporn, nocraparect orpannunrt nx nnn ncxnmunrt. Homnnre, uro nmn moryr
cnntno ornnuartcx or nac (o uem mt yx ronopnnn, ocyxax remy npoexnnn), n ro, uro xaxercx
nam esonntm, nm moxer trt nenpnxrno.
COBET N 2. Hayunrect acrparnponartcx or menoue, xoropte moryr paspaxart nac n
pyrnx nmxx, ocoenno ecnn +rn nmn snaunmt nx nac n nt xornre coxpannrt c nnmn
pyxecxne nnn axe nnsxne ornomennx. Hocraparect pasennrt paspaxammne nac npnntuxn
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un1pnn Bonoroen, Cne1nana Bnanunponna Hnanona: Anunan +qqex1nnnoc1t na 100%: Cpocn1t annac1, nan1n
cen, oc1nut nenn
52
n ocoennocrn noneennx pyrnx na ne rpynnt: re, c xoroptmn nt npnnnnnnantno roront
cmnpnrtcx, n re, repnert xoropte nt ne roront. Ho nepno xareropnn paspaxammnx menoue
cronr npocro art cee ycranonxy: ne sameuart nx, mtcnenno noxnxnxart na nnmn, cnxn rem
camtm nerarnn, nnn narn n nnx uro-ro nosnrnnnoe, nosmoxno, ne omartcx c +rnm uenonexom n
cnryannxx, xora +rn menoun npoxnnxmrcx, nnn npocro nserart cronxnonenn c +rnmn
paspaxammnmn menouamn.

Hanpu+ep, reuv pasoparamm uearrvpamuo c.oreuuie e uraqv eeuu
+vra . Moxno pacnpeennrt mxa]t nnn orenennx n nnx rax, urot npocro
ne nnert neme pyr pyra.
Pvroeooume. oouoeo us omoe.oe pasoparaem +auepa eeo ro..eeu us
opveoeo omoe.a omoaeami pacnopreuu noo:uueuui+ . On moxer npocro ne
npncyrcrnonart npn +rnx cnryannxx.
Pvroeooume. pasoparaem +auepa noo:uueuuoeo us.aeami me+v c eicoro
cmeneuim oema.iuocmu u mo, :mo ou eceeoa ua:uuaem c ucmoroe.
Pyxononrent moxer maxcnmantno nepenecrn omenne c +rnm corpynnxom n
nnctmennt ]opmar, mornnnpyx rem, uro rax emy npome nocnpnnnmart
nn]opmannm. B nrore corpynnx yer ononen: pyxononrenm yanoct
nouepxnyrt snaunmocrt ero ne xax nx xomnannn, rax n nx cex nnuno:
nnctmennt ]opmar raxo paornnx nocnpnmer xax nornepxenne roro, uro
nn ona ero mtcnt n nex ne sarepxercx.

Ecnn nt ne roront cmnpnrtcx c xaxo-ro uepro n noneennn uenonexa nnn ero npnntuxo
n ne moxere npn +rom ncxnmunrt cnryannn, xora nt yere c +rnm cranxnnartcx, cymecrnyer
necxontxo napnanron pemennx nponemt:
orxponenno, no xoppexrno ocynrt c uenonexom, nacxontxo roron on pan nac nsmennrt
cnoe noneenne;
npenoxnrt naprnepy no omennm noymart n pemnrt, xax cenart rax, urot
paspaxammne nac cnryannn cnyuannct xax moxno pexe (nanpnmep, nocrapartcx cepxnnartcx
npn nac);
oronopnrtcx o nexo xomnencannn: nt roront mnpnrtcx c paspaxammnm nac ]axropom,
no xornre nonyunrt nno ornernym ycrynxy, nno nosnarpaxenne nexoropte namn neocrarxn
naprnep no omennm raxxe ne craner sameuart.

Bor necxontxo npnmepon.

V oouo us compvouu ro..ermuea o:eui mouroe ooouuue. Ho ee npocioe
ocma.iuie oa+i coe.acu.uci e ee npucvmcmeuu ue ucno.isoeami ovxu-cnpe, a
eixooumi o. omoeo us ro+uami u.u oe.ami omo e ee omcvmcmeue.
euv pasoparaem npuei:ra +vra pasopacieami eeuu, noomo+v cvnpveu
ooeoeapueammc o mo+, :mo oua eomoea c omu+ c+upumic npu vc.oeuu, :mo
+vr rvnum nocvoo+oe:uvm +auuuv, mar rar reua mepnemi ue +orem +imi
nocvov, a +vrv ue upaeumc, roeoa +imi nocvov npuxooumc e+v.

Inannoe n raxo cnryannn trt orxponenntmn n xoppexrntmn pyr c pyrom,
nocrapartcx narn conmecrnte pemennx, xoropte npnneyr x maxcnmantnomy ncnxonornuecxomy
xom]opry n onrnmantntm nsanmoornomennxm.
un1pnn Bonoroen, Cne1nana Bnanunponna Hnanona: Anunan +qqex1nnnoc1t na 100%: Cpocn1t annac1, nan1n
cen, oc1nut nenn
53

Moenn nocnpnn1nn n noneennn, nnn ue1anporpauum: u1o +1o 1axoe n u1o c nnun ena1t

Ecmi ocooeuuocmu, eo +uoeo+ onpeoe.muue uaue noeeoeuue.
3ua ux, +oruo paseueami u ceo, u ceou esau+oomuoueuu c
opveu+u. Jmu ocooeuuocmu uasieammc +emanpoepa++a+u


Me1anporpauum +ro moenn nocnpnxrnx n noneennx, nosnnxammne
sanoxennte Hntmn cnonamn, narrepnt, xoropte mt ncnontsyem nx roro,
urot onpeennrt, xaxax nn]opmannx yer onymena n cosnanne.
Meranporpammt xnnxmrcx xnmuentmn momenramn n nponecce mornnannn n
npnnxrnx pemenn (. O`Konnop, . Cemop. Bneenne n
neponnnrnncrnuecxoe nporpammnponanne).

V ncex nme cno naop meranporpamm, n nepexo nponemt, neononnmanne n omennn
n nsanmoecrnnn onpeenxmrcx nmenno pasnnunem n meranporpammax, a raxxe rem ]axrom, uro
ontmnncrno ns nac ne snaer, uro nao enart n uero ne enart:
1. n sanncnmocrn or cocrnenntx meranporpamm;
2. n sanncnmocrn or meranporpamm nme, c xoroptmn mt nsanmoecrnyem;
3. n sanncnmocrn or roro, nacxontxo namn meranporpammt n meranporpammt rex, c xem mt
nsanmoecrnyem, pasnnuamrcx nnn connaamr.

Paccmorpnm ocnonnte meranporpammt nmenno c +rnx nosnnn. Heontmo naop
nonpocon, npenapxmmn paccmorpenne xaxo meranporpammt, nosnonnr nam onee nnn menee
rouno (ecnn yere uecrnt c coo, ro onee rouno) onpeennrt cocrnennt rnnax.

Tnn peqepennnn


B +upe per.a+i +oruo :emro uao.moami, :mo no:mu ece po.uru,
opueumupoeauuie ua onpeoe.euuvm e.eevm epvnnv, crare+, ua oo+oxoser
(per.a+a +i.a, svouo nacmi, cmupa.iuoeo nopoura u m. n.), cmpomc no
oouo+v u mo+v re npuuunv: reuuuua uurar ue +orem coe.ami eioop u.u
npeoieaem e pacmepuuocmu, .uoo norasieamm, uaooopom, c:acm.uevm
oo.aoame.iuuv Taoa, romopo npeo.aeamm no+eumi eeo ua oo.ee
oeueei cmupa.iui nopouor, uo oua rameeopu:ecru omrasieaemc. H eo ecex
po.urax ecmi coeem:ur. Jmo +orem oimi oormop e c.v:ae c svouo nacmo,
ei+iu.euui nepcouar muna memu Acu, Mooooipa, +ucmepa Hponepa,
opvea oo+oxosra, noopvea u oare ceerpoei. K.m:eei+ qarmopo+ e
npuumuu peueuu e.emc coeem u.u npu+ep useue. B per.a+e, pacc:umauuo
ua noopocmroe, oo+uuupvem uoe B.ueac, . mex, rmo enpaeov rpvm!.
Hui+u c.oea+u, .uoo +omueau npucoeouueuu, npuuao.eruocmu r
onpeoe.euuo epvnne, .uoo +omueau npusuauu. B per.a+uix po.urax
aemo+oou.e uuo+apor muna Ford, Toyota, Nissan u opveux +auuu noooouoeo
r.acca, +i uuroeoa ue ecmpemu+ uu:eeo noooouoeo maru+ qpasa+, rar: Mo
opve oa. +ue coeem, u menepi no.isvmci mo.iro Toyota u.u Ford o. mex,
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un1pnn Bonoroen, Cne1nana Bnanunponna Hnanona: Anunan +qqex1nnnoc1t na 100%: Cpocn1t annac1, nan1n
cen, oc1nut nenn
54
rmo enpaeov rpvm. eeusi omux opeuooe: Vnpae. +e:mo!, Teo eioop,
Hpeeocxoo oruoauu. 3oeci coece+ opveue areumi u opvea uoe: mi ca+
peuaeui, :mo meoe oe.ami, mi xosuu ceoe rusuu.

Pesonno nosnnxaer nonpoc: xaxo ns nyx napnanron pexnamt ne+]]exrnnen? Hapaoxc n
rom, uro, necmorpx na aconmrno npornnononoxnt noxo x nnnxnnm na nenenym rpynny, oa
napnanra pexnamt +]]exrnnnt. Hpocro onn opnenrnponant na nenente rpynnt, onaammne
namerpantno npornnononoxntmn meranporpammamn rnn pe]epennnn.
Hpexe uem mt ocynm +ry ocoennocrt n uro c ne enart onee nopono, nocraparect
uecrno ornernrt na cneymmne nonpoct:


un1pnn Bonoroen, Cne1nana Bnanunponna Hnanona: Anunan +qqex1nnnoc1t na 100%: Cpocn1t annac1, nan1n
cen, oc1nut nenn
55


Knmu x 1ec1y:
Bnemnxx pe]epennnx 1, 2a, 3a, 4, 5, 6a, 7a, 8, 9a, 10.
Bnyrpennxx pe]epennnx 1a, 2, 3, 4a, 5a, 6, 7, 8a, 9, 10a.
Hocunrare, xaxnx nnnxaropon y nac ontme. Ecnn xonnuecrno nnnxaropon onnaxono,
snaunr, y nac canancnponannax cmemannax pe]epennnx.

Tnn peqepennnn napamerp, nnn meranporpamma, xoropax onpeenxer,
xax nmenno uenonex cxnonen onennnart cex n npnnnmart pemennx: na
ocnonannn nnemnnx mnenn nnn pyxonocrnyxct cocrnenno nosnnne.

Bnemnn rnn pe]epennnn osnauaer, uro raxo uenonex n ontme crenenn opnenrnpyercx
na onenxy oxpyxammnx, omenpnnxrte cranaprt, oexrnnnte pesyntrart; npn npnnxrnn
pemenn raxo uenonex npenounraer pyxonocrnonartcx utnm-ro mnennem, coneronartcx,
cneonart nncrpyxnnxm. Bnyrpennn rnn pe]epennnn osnauaer, uro camoonenxa nx uenonexa
naxnee mnennx oxpyxammnx nnn omenpnnxrtx cranapron, raxo uenonex ne nmnr
coneronartcx nnn cneonart nncrpyxnnxm, nx nero npenournrentnee npnnxrt pemenne camomy.
Ecrecrnenno, ecrt npomexyrounte napnanrt, xoropte moxno nasnart cmemanno pe]epennne,
onaxo nme, nmemmnx n panno crenenn xapaxrepncrnxn, ornocxmnecx xax x nnemne, rax n
nnyrpenne pe]epennnn, ne rax yx mnoro, ontmnncrno rxroreer x romy nnn nnomy rnny.

Kau yeuemo ueuoeeua c euympeuuu+ uuu eueuuu+ muno+ peqepeuuuu?
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un1pnn Bonoroen, Cne1nana Bnanunponna Hnanona: Anunan +qqex1nnnoc1t na 100%: Cpocn1t annac1, nan1n
cen, oc1nut nenn
56

Kax npannno, ysnart uenonexa c nnyrpenne pe]epennne onontno nerxo. Ecrt necxontxo
npnsnaxon, no xoroptm nt cmoxere nourn esomnouno onosnart namero repox. Bor nexoropte
ns nnx:
uacro ronopnr x cunram, snam, ynepen, ymam;
xouer no ncem yenrtcx cam, ne roron nocnpnnnmart conert pyrnx nme, emy ne
nyxnt npnmept, na nanxsannt coner moxer orpearnponart arpeccnnno;
xax npannno, uerxo ntpaxaer cnoe mnenne, es xaxnx-nno comnenn;
nmnr, urot c nnm coneronannct;
moxer ne npnnxrt uyxoe mnenne, ecnn ono ntcxasano n xareropnuno ]opme;
ncera ncrynaer n cnop, ecnn mnenne pyrnx npornnopeunr ero mnennm;
n cnope c rpyom ner na xomnpomncct nnn ycrynxn;
na conemannxx nnn xpyrntx cronax nerxo ntpaxaer mnenne, npornnononoxnoe romy, uro
ntcxasann ontmnncrno nme nepe nnm.

Hme c nnemne pe]epennne ntamr cneymmne npnsnaxn:
onn uacro saamr nonpoct o rom, xro yxe +rnm nontsyercx, uro ronopxr o +rom, xro
moxer nopexomenonart;
moryr sarxrnnart pemennx n cnryannn, xora ne c xem noconeronartcx;
moryr nonnocrtm nepexnatnart na pyroro ornercrnennocrt sa ro pemenne, xoropoe
npnnxrt na ene onxnt onn camn, a norom, ecnn cnryannx oxaxercx ne esonauno, nac xe n
onnnnrt;
comnenamrcx, ecnn mnenne pasntx ncrounnxon o ronape nnn pemennn pacxoxrcx;
ecnn raxo uenonex onxen ntcxasart cnoe mnenne na conemannn nnn neperonopax
nocnennm, ro on n ontmnncrne cnyuaen npenoxnr copnym conxnxy, cocroxmym ns mnenn,
ntcxasanntx panee;
+rn nmn moryr mnoro pas nepecnpamnnart, xax enart ro nnn nnoe eno, xorx, xasanoct
t, nx xnann]nxannn nnonne ocrarouno, urot npnnxrt pemenne camocroxrentno;
orneuax na nonpoc uro nx nac naxno npn npnnxrnn pemennx?, comnmrcx na naxnocrt
mnenn, coneron;
cnntno nonepxent nnnxnnm mot, npecrnxa;
uacro ronopxr: Tax npnnxro, Tax nce enamr

V +rnx nme moxer trt onn nno necxontxo pe]epenrntx ]axropon n rpynn. uro +ro
raxoe?

uaxrop moxno cunrart peqepen1nmu , ecnn on n nanontme crenenn
oxastnaer nnnxnne na npnnxrne pemenn.

3ro moryr trt oexrnnnte pesyntrart n crarncrnuecxne annte, nexnnx mot, nonxrne
npecrnxa, mnenne xonxperntx nme. Otuno n nocnenem cnyuae ronopxr o pe]epenrno
rpynne. urot +]]exrnnno nsanmoecrnonart c uenonexom raxoro cxnaa, naxno nonxrt, xaxo
]axrop (nnn ]axropt) xnnxercx nx nero pe]epenrntm n ntxcnnrt, xro nxonr n ero
pe]epenrnym rpynny.
Bac sannrepeconano, sauem nam ronopnrt o +ro ocoennocrn rnne pe]epennnn (ran. 1)?
Bo-nepntx, nx roro urot nonxrt cex (snax cnon cnate n cnntnte cropont, nt moxere
pasnnnart nepnte n nerpannsonart nropte). Bo-nroptx, nt onxnt +ro snart, urot
un1pnn Bonoroen, Cne1nana Bnanunponna Hnanona: Anunan +qqex1nnnoc1t na 100%: Cpocn1t annac1, nan1n
cen, oc1nut nenn
57
+]]exrnnno crponrt omenne c remn, y xoro meranporpamma namerpantno npornnononoxna
name.

Tannna 1
Tnn pe]epennnn: camoananns n camopasnnrne


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un1pnn Bonoroen, Cne1nana Bnanunponna Hnanona: Anunan +qqex1nnnoc1t na 100%: Cpocn1t annac1, nan1n
cen, oc1nut nenn
58




Pexomenannn: xax omartcx n crponrt ornomennx c nmtmn c nnyrpennnm rnnom
un1pnn Bonoroen, Cne1nana Bnanunponna Hnanona: Anunan +qqex1nnnoc1t na 100%: Cpocn1t annac1, nan1n
cen, oc1nut nenn
59
pe]epennnn


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un1pnn Bonoroen, Cne1nana Bnanunponna Hnanona: Anunan +qqex1nnnoc1t na 100%: Cpocn1t annac1, nan1n
cen, oc1nut nenn
60


Kau uauouee +qqeumueuo esau+oecmeoeamo c umo+u c eueuuu+ muno+ peqepeuuuu?

Bsanmoecrnne c raxnm uenonexom (yt ro nam xnnenr, xonnera, pyxononrent nnn
nounnennt) nmeer cnon nnmct n mnnyct. Ocnonnte nonoxnrentnte momenrt: nt moxere
ocrarouno nerxo oxastnart na nero nnnxnne, +ror uenonex otuno cneyer npnnxrtm
cranapram noneennx, n ecnn +ro coornercrnyer namnm nnrepecam, ro nt n ntnrptme. Taxo
uenonex, xax npannno, npnxren n omennn, rax xax sannrepeconan n nosnrnnno oparno cnxsn
or nme, n rom uncne n or nac. Mnnyc xe saxnmuamrcx n rom, uro on rax xe nerxo noaercx
nnnxnnm pyrnx nme, moxer nsmennrt ornomenne x nam, y nero moxer ne trt ycrounntx
nennocre, noneenne ero yer xnno xon]opmntm (npncnocannnammnmcx x mnennm
oxpyxammnx), x romy xe raxne nmn rpeyer yenxrt nm mnoro nnnmannx.

un1pnn Bonoroen, Cne1nana Bnanunponna Hnanona: Anunan +qqex1nnnoc1t na 100%: Cpocn1t annac1, nan1n
cen, oc1nut nenn
61
Pexomenannn: xax omartcx n crponrt ornomennx c uenonexom c nnemnnm rnnom
pe]epennnn


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un1pnn Bonoroen, Cne1nana Bnanunponna Hnanona: Anunan +qqex1nnnoc1t na 100%: Cpocn1t annac1, nan1n
cen, oc1nut nenn
62


un1pnn Bonoroen, Cne1nana Bnanunponna Hnanona: Anunan +qqex1nnnoc1t na 100%: Cpocn1t annac1, nan1n
cen, oc1nut nenn
63


Kecm no me+e Oueuue c umo+u c pasum+ muno+ peqepeuuuu

Hecxontxo ouent xapaxrepntx cnryann, xoropte uacro nosnnxamr xax npn
nsanmoecrnnn n xonnexrnnax, rax n mexy pyxononrenxmn n nounnenntmn. Hnxe
npnneent cnryannn ns xnsnn. Hpenaram nam cnauana camocroxrentno pemnrt +rn saaun ns
peantno xnsnn, a norom cpannnrt c monmn napnanramn pemenn.

Kenc 1

Enena (ne nmenmax ynpannenuecxoro ontra n xaxo-nno ceptesno reopernuecxo
nororonxn) tna ne rax anno nasnauena pyxononrenem. Ceuac ona nmer ononnnrentnte
nosmoxnocrn nx nemarepnantno mornnannn cnonx corpynnxon. Hocne onrnx pasmtmnenn
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cen, oc1nut nenn
64
ona pemaer nnepnrt n xnsnt necxontxo ne:
art nosmoxnocrt corpynnxam, onaammnm ocrarouno xnann]nxanne,
camocroxrentno ntnonnxrt cnon saaun, xonrponnpyx rontxo pesyntrar;
na exemecxunom conemannn nopasenennx art nosmoxnocrt xaxomy corpynnxy
ntcrynnrt co cnoe nee nnn nnnnnarnno;
ecnn nosnonnr cnryannx, art corpynnxam nosmoxnocrt ntnpart ns necxontxnx saau
nnn npoexron ror, xoropt nm ontme npannrcx;
npn nocranonxe saau nouepxnnart, uro corpynnxy ona onepxer n ror moxer cam
pemnrt, xax nmenno emy ntnonnxrt paory.

3rn nen Enena nonnomaer n xnsnt, onaxo uepes napy mecxnen sameuaer, uro nce ner ne
rax, xax e meuranoct:
ontmax uacrt corpynnxon nocroxnno nepecnpamnnamr ee o rom, xax nce-raxn ntnonnxrt
saaun, xorx nx npo]eccnonannsma nnonne ocrarouno nx camocroxrentnoro npnnxrnx pemenn;
rontxo nexoropte ntcxastnamr cnon nen na conemannn, no npn nosnnxnonennn
nonpocon co cropont Enent nmn nepexo nerxo orxastnamrcx or cnonx ne;
xora Enena npenaraer ntpart npoexron nnn saauy, c xoropo uenonex yer paorart,
mnorne npocxr ee noconeronart, uro y nnx nyume nonyunrcx.
BOHPOC: B ue+ npuuuua mauoeo noeeeuua ume u e ue+ ouuua Eueum?

Kenc 2

Bacnnn, cnennanncr orena npoax, pantme paoran c xnnenramn (menxax posnnna),
npoanan coxn cnoe xomnannn. On npopaoran n xomnannn nopxxa nyx ner, ocrnr ontmnx
ycnexon, tn ormeuen xax nyumn corpynnx roa n omem, sapexomenonan cex xopomo.
Ho+romy on oparnncx x pyxononrenm c npocto: on xoren t pacrn, a ero yuacrox paort emy
nonnocrtm nsnecren n yxe ne ocoenno nnrepecen. Pyxononrent orneccx x ero npocte c
nonnmannem, no n xomnannn n annt momenr orxptro naxancnn cynepnasepa, na xoropym
mor nperenonart Bacnnn, ne tno. Onaxo tn nyxen menexep no paore c xnmuentmn
xnnenramn xpynntmn posnnuntmn cerxmn. Hmenno +ry onxnocrt n npenoxnnn Bacnnnm. On
cornacnncx npnnxrt npenoxenne n npncrynnn x paore, no ncxope cronxnyncx c ceptesntmn
nponemamn na neperonopax c xnnenramn. Crnnt neennx neperonopon, xoropt on c ycnexom
npnmenxn na npetymem yuacrxe paort, ntstnan nerarnnnym peaxnnm. Bacnnn neoymenan:
pantme pasronop sa xnsnt, onnne xomnnnmenron, cctnxa na pyrnx xnnenron, ]opmynnponxn
Mt nam anm pexomenannn, xax nyume npoart nam ronap, noxaxem onrnmantnym ntxnaxy,
x oyuy nam nepconan npnnonnn x nonoxnrentnomy pesyntrary.
BOHPOC: Kau em y+aeme, e ue+ npuuuua, umo yxe ucnmmauuaa +oeuo ycneuumx
nepeeoeopoe nepecmaua paomamo? Hmo +oxuo peuo+euoeamo Bacuuum?

Kenc 3. Bnepenne nsuenennn

Menexep no nepconany sannannponana nnecrn cymecrnennte nsmenennx n cncremy
nemarepnantno mornnannn n xomnannn. Ona nsyunna cnennantnym nnreparypy n ncm
ocrynnym nn]opmannm n Hnrepnere, ocynna nonpoc na ]opymax c xonneramn ns xomnann
roro xe npo]nnx. Hororonnna npenoxenne c oocnonannem n cctnxamn na ontr nsnecrntx
xomnann, npnnoxnna mnenne +xcnepron n ornpannnact c +rnmn ntxnaxamn x pyxonocrny.
Hauana ona co cctnox na nsnecrnte xomnannn n mnenne +xcnepron, rax xax e xasanoct, uro
un1pnn Bonoroen, Cne1nana Bnanunponna Hnanona: Anunan +qqex1nnnoc1t na 100%: Cpocn1t annac1, nan1n
cen, oc1nut nenn
65
nmenno +ro nororonnr npexropa x nocnpnxrnm nn]opmannn n sapanee yenr ero n nonesnocrn
nnnonann. Onaxo, x ynnnennm, npexrop nocnpnnxn nauano ecet onontno arpeccnnno:
Tt xouemt mne cxasart, uro onn nyume nac n mt onxnt y nnx yunrtcx? a mt ycnemnee
ontmnncrna +rnx xomnann, a rnon +xcneprt n nsnece noome nnuero ne cmtcnxr, nce +ro
reopnn. C orpomntm rpyom yanoct name reponne nonepnyrt pasronop n onee
xoncrpyxrnnnoe pycno n nce-raxn nepern x xonxpernomy ocyxennm.
BOHPOC: Hmo npousouuo u uau uao muo ecmeoeamo, umom usexamo cmouo
ueeamueuo peauuuu e uauaue paseoeopa?

Kenc 4. ncxyccnn na conemannn

Bo npemx conemann orena ero pyxononrent Anexcanp, yyun no narype xpearnnntm
uenonexom n nonyuax yonontcrnne or renepannn ne, nepexo ntcxastnan cnon nen onnm ns
nepntx. Onaxo xax-ro on oparnn nnnmanne, uro nexoropte yuacrnnxn conemann n xoe
ncxyccnn nnxora ne ntcxastnamr ne, ornnuammnxcx or rex, uro on npenoxnn, no n ro xe
npemx ntcxastnamr ocrarouno nnrepecnte mtcnn npn ncrpeuax rer-a-rer, xora on nx o +rom
npocnr. Anexcanp saymancx: n uem eno, nouemy onn n re xe nmn n onnx cnyuaxx
ocrarouno axrnnnt n xpearnnnt, a n pyrnx aconmrno naccnnnt n cxnonnt x xon]opmnsmy.
Hax orner na +ror nonpoc, Anexcanp xapnnantno nomenxn cno noxo x nponeennm
conemann.
BOHPOC: Kauoe mu omeem u umo u+euuo us+euuu Aueucaup?

Kenc 5. Hponanennmn xonxypc

B xomnannn ecrt necxontxo nopasenenn npoax, xoropte ornnuamrcx xax no
]ynxnnonany (paora c menxo posnnne, cerxmn, xpynntm onrom, renepntmn saxynxamn), rax
n no npoyxrontm rpynnam. 3nax o ycnemnom ontre nponeennx roprontx xonxypcon c
npnsamn, nouerntm narpaxennxmn n pyro nynnuno arpnyrnxo n pyrnx xomnannxx,
pyxonocrno pemnno nnepnrt y cex +ror nncrpymenr nemarepnantno mornnannn. Hnnornt
sanycx n nopasenennn, paorammem c menxo posnnne, npomen na ypa, narpaxennte tnn
cuacrnnnt, nmn c asaprom xann cneymmero xonxypca. Ho nroram sanycxa pemnnn noont
xonxypc nponecrn n n ocrantntx nopasenennxx. Onaxo sect ycnex tn menee xnntm, onee
roro, n orene npoax cnoxnoro oopyonannx n n renepnom orene xonxypc noome ne ntsnan
nnrepeca, a xommenrapnn mnornx corpynnxon tnn nerarnnntmn n nponnuntmn.
BOHPOC: Kau em cuumaeme, c ue+ +mo ceasauo? Hmo +oxuo muo m euumuumo e
cucme+y ue+amepuauouo +omueauuu e+ecmo uouuypcoe?

Kenc 6. Hn1epntm

Ha mnornx rpennnrax no menexmenry n rexnnxam nnrepntmnponannx nx pyxononrene
pasnnunoro yponnx mt noxastnaem nneoponnx, n xoropom xannary npenaraercx cneymmn
xec: Pyxononrent crannr nepe namn saauy, xoropax nam nonxrna, no nt ne nnnre nnxaxoro
cmtcna n ee ocymecrnnennn. Bama peaxnnx. Kannar ronopnr o rom, uro on oxsarentno ysnaer
y pyxononrenx, sauem nce-raxn +ro enart, uro on craner ncntrtnart ncxom]opr, ecnn yer
enart ro, cmtcna uero ne nonnmaer. Kax nn crpanno, onenxn yuacrnnxon rpennnra
(pyxononrene!) nepexo tnn namerpantno npornnononoxntmn: or mne ne nyxen
nounnennt, comnenammncx n saauax, xoropte x crannm, mne ne nyxen uenonex, xoropt
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un1pnn Bonoroen, Cne1nana Bnanunponna Hnanona: Anunan +qqex1nnnoc1t na 100%: Cpocn1t annac1, nan1n
cen, oc1nut nenn
66
enaer, cam ne nonnmax, uro n sauem on enaer, rpyo ronopx, ryno ncnonnnrent o +ro ouent
xopomo, uro xannar ne xnnxercx esymntm ncnonnnrenem
BOHPOC: Kmo us uux npae? B ue+? Oxapaumepusyme mun pyuoeoumeua,
npenouumamuu mom u pyeo eapuaum.

Bapnan1m o1ne1on (pasyuee1cn, ne nc1nna n nocnenen nnc1annnn)

nx onee nonnoro ocmtcnennx orneron na xect, neoxonmo nonnmart, uro raxoe
meranporpammt n rnn pe]epennnn. Mt yxe o +rom ronopnnn. Ho nonropnm:

Me1anporpauum +ro narrepnt, xoropte mt ncnontsyem nx roro,
urot onpeennrt, xaxax nn]opmannx yer onymena n cosnanne.
Meranporpammt xnnxmrcx xnmuentmn momenramn n nponecce mornnannn n
npnnxrnx pemenn (. O`Konnop, . Cemop. Bneenne n
neponnnrnncrnuecxoe nporpammnponanne).

Tnn peqepennnn onpeenxer, xax uenonex cxnonen onennnart cex n
npnnnmart pemennx: na ocnone mnennx oxpyxammnx, oexrnnntx ]axron n n
cnny rpannnn nnn pyxonocrnyxct cocrnenntm omymennem, ontrom,
nnrynnne.

Hmn, xoropte onennnamr cex n npnnnmamr pemennx camn, ornocxrcx x nnyrpennemy
rnny pe]epennnn, a re, xro pyxonocrnyercx npenmymecrnenno oparno cnxstm or
oxpyxammnx, oexrnnntmn ]axramn n coneramn x nnemnemy. Hpn +rom, pasymeercx, anexo
ne ncera moxno ronopnrt o uncrom rnnaxe nnyrpenne n nnemne pe]epennnn, ecrt n
npomexyrounte napnanrt (rax nastnaemax cmemannax pe]epennnx), no ontmnncrno nce-raxn
rxroreer x romy nnn nnomy nonmcy.
Ocoennocrn nsanmoecrnnx c nmtmn pasntx rnnon pe]epennnn cnntno pasnnuamrcx. H,
ecnn ne yunrtnart rnn pe]epennnn pyroro uenonexa, moxno onycrnrt cymecrnennte omnxn n
cenart omenne menee +]]exrnnntm n pesyntrarnnntm.

Kenc 1
B ue+ npuuuua mauoeo noeeeuua ume u e ue+ ouuua Eueum?
Hpnunna peaxnnn corpynnxon, xoroptmn pyxononna Enena, nepoxrnee ncero, n rom, uro
nx nnx xapaxrepno npeonaanne nnemnero rnna pe]epennnn. Hpn +rom c ouent ntcoxo
crenentm nepoxrnocrn moxno npenonoxnrt, uro y camo Enent pe]epennnx rxroreer x
nnyrpennemy rnny. Hpoennpyx cex n cnon mornnt na corpynnxon, ona ne yunrtnaer pasnnunx.
B +rom ee ocnonnax omnxa. 3ect ymecrno ncnomnnrt o rom, xax npoexnnx memaer npnnnmart
npannntnte pemennx. Enene cronr yuecrt rxrorenne corpynnxon x nnemne pe]epennnn n
ncnontsonart nncrpymenrt nnnxnnx, cnxsannte c npnsnannem, noxnano, nynnuntm
narpaxennem, copennonannem, rnm-nnnnrom. E cronr nocrenenno npnyuart corpynnxon x
camocroxrentnocrn, ycnnnn +nemenr nncrpyxraxa co cnoe cropont.

Kenc 2
B ue+ npuuuua moeo, umo yxe ucnmmauuaa +oeuo ycneuumx nepeeoeopoe nepecmaua
paomamo? Hmo +oxuo peuo+euoeamo Bacuuum?
Hpnunna n rom, uro pantme ontmnncrno xnnenron Bacnnnx xapaxrepnsonannct nnemnnm
un1pnn Bonoroen, Cne1nana Bnanunponna Hnanona: Anunan +qqex1nnnoc1t na 100%: Cpocn1t annac1, nan1n
cen, oc1nut nenn
67
rnnom pe]epennnn, n aprymenrt, paccunrannte nmenno na +ror rnnax, paorann ouent xopomo.
Ceuac xnnenrypa nomenxnact: n ne npeonaamr nmn c nnyrpennnm rnnom pe]epennnn. nx
nnx cctnxa na pyrnx cnonno xpacnax rpxnxa nx txa. nx ycnemnoro nsanmoecrnnx c
nmtmn +roro rnna onee noxoxr raxne ]opmynnponxn:
mne ouent naxno name mnenne;
nx name xomnannn ouent naxno name mnenne xax xnnenra;
naxno, urot nt camn mornn n +rom yenrtcx;
n name xomnannn ne npnnxro nanpannxrt xnnenram namero yponnx rnnonte
npenoxennx mt naxonm nnnnnyantnt noxo;
nmenno x nam mt opamaemcx nepnomy, noromy uro na name mnenne opnenrnpymrcx
(nenenax rpynna);
nmenno name mnenne moxer crart opnenrnpom nx ocrantntx;
x nam rontxo npeocrannxm nn]opmannm, a pemenne ncera sa namn;
nt ncera moxere nsmennrt cnoe pemenne, ceuac cronr rontxo nonpoonart, urot
cocrannrt cocrnennoe mnenne;
name mnenne moxer oxasart nnnxnne na ctronym nonnrnxy, xoropym mt npononm;
nmenno nt xax +xcnepr moxere art nam naxnte conert n nn]opmannm o;
cornacnrect, x mory ntrartcx yenrt nac. Ho +ro yer nenpannntno: naxno;
x nonnmam, uro +ro pemenne nceneno sanncnr or nac;
pemenne ncera sa namn;
x paccxaxy nam o necxontxnx antrepnarnnax, a ntop sa namn;
nmenno x nam x opamamct, noromy uro raxne pemennx npnnnmaere rontxo nt;
x nonnmam, nacxontxo nt sanxro uenonex, no es nac raxoe pemenne ne moxer axe
ocyxartcx.

Kenc 3. Bnepenne nsuenennn
Hmo npousouuo u uau uao muo ecmeoeamo, umom usexamo cmouo ueeamueuo
peauuuu e uauaue paseoeopa?
HR nororonnna aprymenrannm, noxoxmym, cxopee, nx uenonexa c nnemnnm rnnom
pe]epennnn. A renepantnt, xax n ontmnncrno ron-menexepon, rxroreer x nnyrpennemy rnny
pe]epennnn, nmenno no+romy on orpearnponan na ee onot ocrarouno arpeccnnno. Hpn
omennn c raxnm uenonexom cronno t cnauana saponnrt nem n ocynrt ee rax, urot y
renepantnoro nosnnxno omymenne, uro on cam o +roro oymancx.

Kenc 4. ncxyccnn na conemannn
Houe+y ouu u me xe umu e ouux cuyuaax ocmamouuo aumueum u upeamueum, a e
pyeux acoummuo naccueum? Hmo u+euuo us+euuu Aueucaup?
Hpnunna raxoro noneennx cnxsana c nnemne pe]epennne, xoropax xapaxrepna nx uacrn
ero nounnenntx. Taxne nmn nnonne moryr trt xpearnnntmn, no orcrannart cnoe mnenne
npnnmno, a eme n ntcxastnart rouxy spennx, npornnopeuamym mnennm pyxononrenx, onn
yyr xpane pexo. Anexcanp nauan ocranannnnart cex n cran npocnrt nounnenntx
ntcxasartcx o roro, xax +ro cenaer on cam.

Kenc 5. Hponanennmn xonxypc
C ue+ ceasaua ueyaua e npoeeeuuu uouuypca e pyeo+ mopeoeo+ nopaseueuuu? Hmo
+oxuo muo m euumuumo e cucme+y ue+amepuauouo +omueauuu e+ecmo uouuypcoe?
B nnnornom npoexre no nponeennm xonxypca npnnnmano yuacrne nopasenenne onee
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un1pnn Bonoroen, Cne1nana Bnanunponna Hnanona: Anunan +qqex1nnnoc1t na 100%: Cpocn1t annac1, nan1n
cen, oc1nut nenn
68
npocrtx npoax, re ontmnncrno corpynnxon rxroreno x nnemnemy rnny pe]epennnn. Hntmn
cnonamn, nx nnx cam no cee ]axrop nynnunoro npnsnannx, narpaxennx, cpannennx c pyrnmn
tn ocrarountm nx nontmennx yponnx mornnnponannocrn. B renepnom xe orene, re
rpeyercx ropaso onee ntcoxn yponent camocroxrentnocrn n +xcneprnocrn, ontmnncrno
rxroreno x nnyrpennemy rnny pe]epennnn, a +rn nmn ne ocoo uyncrnnrentnt x npnsnannm n
xonxypcam. nx nnx onee +]]exrnnntm nncrpymenrom nemarepnantno mornnannn moxer crart
nonneuenne n npnnxrne pemenn, n nsnec-nnannponanne, conmecrnoe ocyxenne nontx
npoexron n omen nexmn.

Kenc 6. Hn1epntm
Kmo us yuacmuuuoe mpeuuueoe npae e oueuue peauuuu uauuama? B ue+?
Oxapaumepusyme mun pyuoeoumeua, npenouumamuu mom u pyeo eapuaum.
Hpant na camom ene nce. Hpnneennt orner xannara xapaxrepen nx nounnennoro,
rxroremmero x nnyrpennemy rnny pe]epennnn. Pyxononrenn, npenounrammne
camocroxrentntx n camoocrarountx nounnenntx, ntepyr nmenno raxoro uenonexa. Hpn +rom
y nnx ne ntstnaer nerarnnno peaxnnn neoxonmocrt ocyxart c nounnenntm saauy, anart
emy ecrnonart camocroxrentno, n xaxnx-ro cnyuaxx axe yexart ero. Taxnm pyxononrenxm
orner, emoncrpnpyemt n nneoponnxe, npannrcx n xaxercx npannntntm. pyrne xe
npenounramr ncnonnnrene, ecrnymmnx no npnnnnny npnxast ne ocyxamrcx. Taxnx
orner xannara nnora axe nosmymaer. Onaxo onn onxnt trt roront x romy, uro
nounnennt, rxroremmn x nnemnemy rnny pe]epennnn, yer ncnonnnrenen, no craner
ornnmart mnoro npemenn na xonrpont, oparnym cnxst n noepxxy.



Opnen1annn na nponecc n pesynt1a1

Eme ona naxnax meranporpamma opnenrannx na nponecc nnn na pesyntrar. anare
cnauana onpeennmcx c rem, uro mt c namn yem nopasymenart no +rnmn repmnnamn.

Pesynt1a1 xonxpernt, nnnmt uenonexy ]nnan ero exrentnocrn, xax
npannno, noammncx nsmepennm, npn +rom uenonex nmeer nnnxnne na
ocrnxenne +roro ]nnana.

Hponecc ocymecrnnenne onpeenenntx onepann, conmenne
rexnonorn n ntnonnenne ecrnn, xoropte nnn ne nmemr nnnmoro ]nnana,
nnn uenonex na +ror ]nnan ne moxer oxastnart nnnxnnx n nonno mepe.

Opnenrannx na nponecc nnn na pesyntrar, xax n pyrne meranporpammt, ne npenonaraer
cymecrnonannx rontxo xpannx napnanron (ecrt mnoro nme c npomexyrountmn
xapaxrepncrnxamn). Taxxe nn ror nn pyro napnanr ne xnnxercx aconmrno nnoxnm nnn
xopomnm, ycnemntm nnn neycnemntm. B sanncnmocrn or opnenrannn na nponecc nnn na
pesyntrar nmn moryr trt onee nnn menee ycnemnt n rex nnn nntx nnax exrentnocrn (n
paore n ne rontxo), a raxxe onaamr onpeenenntmn cnntntmn n cnatmn croponamn n moryr
trt no-pasnomy mornnnponant (ran. 2).

B noov ua rouepm, no.v:v +accv ene:am.euu u vov c nosumueui+
un1pnn Bonoroen, Cne1nana Bnanunponna Hnanona: Anunan +qqex1nnnoc1t na 100%: Cpocn1t annac1, nan1n
cen, oc1nut nenn
69
sapoo+ ua ovovuee, crarem :e.oeer, opueumupoeauui ua pesv.imam. Ha
rouepme v +eu ovoem +acca ene:am.euu u no.orume.iuix o+ou,
crarem :e.oeer npoecca.

Hpexe uem mt npoonxnm panonexa nponecca, nocraparect uecrno n pasnepnyro
nnctmenno ornernrt na cneymmsronop o pasnnne mnponocnpnxrnx, cnntntx croponax n sonax
pasnnrnx uenonexa pesyntrara n uene nonpoct (Knmu).
1. Onnmnre cnom paory sa nepno npemenn, xoropt nx name exrentnocrn xnnxercx
noxasarentntm (n sanncnmocrn or macmraa paort +ro moxer trt ent, neenx, xnapran nnn
ro).
2. uro nam ontme ncero npannrcx n name paore?
3. Hpecrantre, uro nam neoxonmo nponecrn npesenrannm nx naxnoro xnnenra.
Onnmnre nororonxy +ro npesenrannn.

Tannna 2
Cnntnte cropont n sont pasnnrnx uenonexa n sanncnmocrn or meranporpammt Hponecc
pesyntrar




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un1pnn Bonoroen, Cne1nana Bnanunponna Hnanona: Anunan +qqex1nnnoc1t na 100%: Cpocn1t annac1, nan1n
cen, oc1nut nenn
70
B sanncnmocrn or roro, xax nt onpeennnn cno rnnax no pesyntraram recra, oparnre
nnnmanne na cnon cnntnte cropont, nocraparect nx nocroxnno npoxnnxrt n emoncrpnponart.
A nor sont pasnnrnx cronr npocro-nanpocro epxart no xonrponem, crapaxct nocroxnno nx
perynnponart.
A renept anare paccmorpnm, uro enart, urot +]]exrnnno nsanmoecrnonart c nmtmn
nponecca nnn pesyntrara n rom cnyuae, ecnn nt camn ornocnrect x npornnononoxnomy rnnaxy
(ran. 3).

Tannna 3
Hpannna +]]exrnnnoro nsanmoecrnnx c nmtmn n sanncnmocrn or nx meranporpammt
Hponecc pesyntrar




Kecm no me+e Oueuue c umo+u c pasum+ muno+ +emanpoepa++m Hpouecc
pesyuomam

A ceuac paccmorpnm necxontxo xecon, orpaxammnx rnnnunte nponemt, c xoroptmn
cranxnnamrcx npaxrnuecxn nce paornnxn xommepuecxnx (n ne rontxo) oprannsann, n
nocrapaemcx narn nyrn nx pemennx.

un1pnn Bonoroen, Cne1nana Bnanunponna Hnanona: Anunan +qqex1nnnoc1t na 100%: Cpocn1t annac1, nan1n
cen, oc1nut nenn
71
Kec 1

Corpynnxn orena ctra n nponnxennx xommepuecxo xomnannn, ouent
xnann]nnnponannte n snammne, rem ne menee onn uacro npnnnexamr ne rex xnnenron: ronap nm
orrpyxaercx, a anee naunnamrcx nponemt c nennarexamn n enropcxo saonxennocrtm.
Hmn ne pas npoxonnn oyuenne n snamr, xax onennnart xpenrnym ncropnm xnnenra,
ntxnnxrt comnennx n esnn]opmannm n xoe neperonopon, onaxo nos, uro nastnaercx, n ntne
ram. Hpn +rom, nao cxasart, nce corpynnxn noxntnt xomnannn, nx nonnyer nonoxenne en n
xomnannn, onn ncxpenne oropuamrcx, xora cranxnnamrcx c npocpouenno enropxo. Onaxo
nnont n nnont nacrynamr na re xe rpann.
BOHPOC: Kauoem ocuoeume npuuuum mauoeo noeeeuua u uauue +epm +oxuo npuuamo
ua moeo, umom ucnpaeumo cumyauum ua yyuee?

Kec 2

B cnryannxx, xora nx nponeennx xpynno n nepcnexrnnno cenxn neoxonmo narn
necranaprnte nyrn pemennx nnn nepecmorpert rnnonte napnanrt oxymenron, rnannt
yxranrep n mpncr xomnannn enamr nce, urot +roro nsexart. B pesyntrare ynymeno
necxontxo ocrarouno nnrepecntx nosmoxnocre. Oa xopomne npo]eccnonant, anno
paoramr n xomnannn, uecrnte n nopxounte nmn.
BOHPOC: Kauoem ocuoeume npuuuum mauoeo noeeeuua u uauue +epm +oxuo npuuamo
ua moeo, umom ucnpaeumo cumyauum ua yyuee?

Kec 3

B reuenne nyx ner pyxononrent xommepuecxo cnyxt ne moxer sacrannrt cnonx
nounnenntx xauecrnenno orunrtnartcx o ronapntx ocrarxax y ncrpntmropon. Oruer nectma
ontmo no pasmepy, cranaprnt (sanonnxrt ]opmt npnxonrcx xaxym neenm) n rpeyer
ocooro nnnmannx x eranxm. Hpoaxnnxn nno camr oruer ne nonpemx, nno ornocxrcx x nemy
ouent ]opmantno n onycxamr ontmoe xonnuecrno omnox. Hontrxn enpemnponart sa
nexauecrnennt oruer ntsnann nerarnnnym peaxnnm, rax xax nmenno y camtx nyumnx no
pesyntraram npoax corpynnxon tnn camte xymne oruert. Ecrecrnenno, cnryannx ntsnana
neroonanne n xonnexrnne: xax rax, nonyuaercx, uro naxastnamr nyumnx. B omem, nyxnoro
pesyntrara +ra nontrxa n ne ana.
BOHPOC: Kauoem npuuuum mauoeo noeeeuua u umo +oxuo ceuamo, umom
ucnpaeumo cumyauum?

Kec 4

Mexy orenamn npoax n mapxernnra cymecrnyer sarxxno xon]nnxr. eno n rom, uro
oren mapxernnra onontno uacro conpaer nn]opmannm c npoaxnnxon: onn nnmyr oruert no
ocrarounomy npnnnnny, npnuem ouent nosmymamrcx, nouemy nx orptnamr or paort. B cnom
ouepet mapxeronorn onxent, uro nx nrnopnpymr. Pyxononrent orena mapxernnra cenan
nontrxy paspemnrt xon]nnxr cneymmnm opasom: copan (c cornacnx pyxononrenx orena
npoax, pasymeercx) ncex npoaxnnxon n nponen nx nnx cemnnap no ocnonam mapxernnrontx
nccneonann. Hntmn cnonamn, paccxasan, xaxnm opasom opaartnaercx nn]opmannx,
xoropym oren npoax npeocrannxer mapxernnry. Onaxo xenaemoro +]]exra ne ocrnr:
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un1pnn Bonoroen, Cne1nana Bnanunponna Hnanona: Anunan +qqex1nnnoc1t na 100%: Cpocn1t annac1, nan1n
cen, oc1nut nenn
72
cnryannx ne nsmennnact.
BOHPOC: Hmo +oxuo ceuamo, umom ucnpaeumo cumyauum?

Kec 5

Ono ns nponem xomnannn cran sarxnynmncx xon]nnxr mexy npoammnmn n
noepxnnammnmn cnyxamn. B xomnannn cnoxnnnct ouent xopomne rpannnn, cnxsannte c
narpaxennxmn n noompennxmn corpynnxon xommepuecxnx cnyx. Ftnn n nomnnannn no
nroram roa, n onyct, n xparxocpounte ropronte xonxypct. Bce ropxecrnenno n xpacnno.
Ecrecrnenno, nce nnn ontmnncrno nomnnann n narpaxenn npnnxsant x snaunmtm
xommepuecxnm pesyntraram. Hocxontxy y noepxnnammnx cnyx pesyntraron xax raxontx ne
tno, ro n npnsnannx ne tno. Pasymeercx, +ro ntstnano ony, sanncrt n neno x nesopono
xonxypennnn co ctronnxamn. A xax +ro moxer npoxnnrtcx n xommepuecxo xomnannn?
Pasymeercx, uepes nnyrpennmm anrnxnnenroopnenrnponannocrt, nontrxy crponrt xonner,
nnora axe memart nx paore. Koneuno, tnn n nerarnnnte xommenrapnn, n cnopt o rom, utx
paora nx nsneca naxnee. H re n pyrne uyncrnonann cex npantmn. B xonne xonnon crano
nonxrno, uro nponema rpeyer nmemarentcrna pyxonocrna.
BOHPOC: Hmo +oxuo ceuamo, umom ucnpaeumo cumyauum?

Kec 6

O nnunom. Myx n xena enamr pemonr, npnoperamr nonym meent, rexnnxy n r. . Onn
pemamr ontmym uacrt noxynox enart nmecre, no yxnantno uepes napy ne y nnx naunnamrcx
xon]nnxrt. Xena ouent nopono paccnpamnnaer npoannon oo ncem o renennnxx nsana
nnreptepa, o pasnnrnn meentnoro ptnxa n r. n., a myx paspaxaercx, ne nonnmax, sauem +ro
nyxno, xora nyxno npocro ntpart nnan, noxoxmn no nene n nny.
BOHPOC: B ue+ npuuuua cumyauuu u umo cmoum ceuamo?

Kec 7

Honauany ctn paccxastnan orny o cnonx mxontntx ycnexax, yuacrnn n cnoprnnntx
copennonannxx, a norom nepecran. Ero onxano, uro oren nennnmarentno ero cnyman, nocroxnno
nepennan, roponnn, cnpamnnan, uem xe nce saxonunnoct. Oren ne xoren onxart ctna, npocro
on npnntx necrn cex rax, no ero npnntuxa npnnena x cront nerarnnnomy pesyntrary.
BOHPOC: Hmo +oe m yuecmo omeu, a umo cmu?

Ocynm ocnonnte npnunnt, xoropte npnnenn x noxnnennm onncanntx nponem, a raxxe
nyrn nx ncnpannennx. Kpome roro, pyxonocrnyxct npannnom Bcera ntxon na yponent
oomennx, onpeennm, n xaxnx cnyuaxx moxno cronxnyrtcx c noontmn nponemamn, xax +rn
cnryannn npenocxnmart nnn paspemart.

Bapuaumm omeemoe

Kenc 1
Hponema cnxsana, xoneuno xe, ne c orcyrcrnnem neoxonmtx nantxon (nectma nepoxrno,
uro oyuenne tno n nsnnmnnm), a c ocoennocrtm mornnannn nme, cnntno opnenrnponanntx
na pesyntrar. uro nx nnx camoe rnannoe? Kax moxno tcrpee ocrnut pesyntrara, npnuem uem
un1pnn Bonoroen, Cne1nana Bnanunponna Hnanona: Anunan +qqex1nnnoc1t na 100%: Cpocn1t annac1, nan1n
cen, oc1nut nenn
73
ontme pesyntrar, rem nyume. Ha +rom ]one, no-nepntx, repxercx nnnmanne x eranxm, n
onpeenennte momenrt, xoropte onxnt tnn t nacropoxnrt, npocro ynycxamrcx ns nny.
Bo-nroptx, xax npannno, mt n snaunrentno crenenn nnnm nnmt ro, uro xornm nnert, no+romy
ecnn ecrt nacrpo na nosnrnnnoe nocnpnxrne norennnantnoro xnnenra, ro nmn nocosnarentno
moryr saxptnart rnasa na pncxn. B +ro cnryannn moxno npenoxnrt necxontxo pemenn:
nmennrt npoaxnnxam n oxsannocrt cop enropxn (panee +ro enan oren norncrnxn),
urot onn na cocrnennom ontre yennnct, xaxne nponemt nosnnxamr npn nenpoymanntx
pemennxx;
onpeennrt uerxne xpnrepnn, xoroptm onxen coornercrnonart xnnenr, urot c nnm
paspemeno tno paorart no orcpouxe. Paorart c xonxperntm xonrparenrom, ne nnonne
coornercrnymmnm +rnm xpnrepnxm, moxno nnmt nocne paspemennx pyxonocrna;
noxasart na nn]pax, x xaxnm norepxm npnnoxr npocpouennte nnarexn, cpannnrt
noxasarenn rax, urot nmn nonxnn, uro n nexoroptx cnyuaxx orcyrcrnne npoaxn xax raxono
moxer trt nyume nx nsneca, uem npoaxa cocroxnmaxcx, no c enropxo;
nnecrn n cncremy onenxn, nnnxmmne na onyct npoaxnnxon, noxasarenn, cnxsannte c
one enropcxo saonxennocrn.



BLBO
Hmn pesyntrara moryr crpemnrtcx x nemy nmo neno. urot +roro
nsexart, nam neoxonmo noxasart ncm rxxecrt nocnecrnn raxnx ecrnn,
art nm npouyncrnonart n mnnnmnsnponart cyexrnnnt ]axrop n npnnxrnn
pemenn.

Kenc 2
Tnnnunax cnryannx, xopent sna xoropo ranrcx n ne concem npannntnom noope
nepconana. B xomnannn n rnannt yxranrep, n mpncr nmn nponecca, r. e. nx nnx rnannoe ne
crontxo ocrnxenne nsnec-pesyntraron n nenom, cxontxo conmenne nponeccyantntx
rexnonorn, cnoeopasnax nepecrpaxonxa. B neane nmn, nosrnannxmmne yxranrepcxym,
]nnanconym nnn mpnnuecxym cnyxy, onxnt trt ononpemenno opnenrnponant n na
nponecc, n na pesyntrar. Hmenno ananc no +rnm noxasarenxm nosnonnr nsexart onncannoro
xon]nnxra.
Onaxo ecnn yxe raxoe cnyunnoct, ro ouent naxno maxcnmantno npnnxsart marepnantnym,
nemarepnantnym n xaptepnym mornnannm rnannoro yxranrepa n mpncra x noxasarenxm nsneca
n nenom nnn ero uacre. urot onn nonnmann, uro ynymennax ns-sa nponeccyantntx
]opmantnocre ntroa +ro n nx norepn.



BLBO
Tam, re nx ocrnxennx nsnec-+]]exra neoxonmo naptnponart nponecc
nnn orxonrt or cranaprno nponeypt, nyxnt nmn cmemannoro rnnaxa
nponecc pesyntrar. Mornnannm nponeccnnxon neoxonmo npnnxstnart x
pesyntrary.

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un1pnn Bonoroen, Cne1nana Bnanunponna Hnanona: Anunan +qqex1nnnoc1t na 100%: Cpocn1t annac1, nan1n
cen, oc1nut nenn
74
Kenc 3
Pyxononrent onxen cam cee ornernrt na nonpoc, sauem nyxen annt oruer. Ecnn
nnxrnoro ornera ner, oruer cronr ormennrt nnn cymecrnenno ynpocrnrt (moxno npnnxrt omee
npannno: Ecnn ne moxemt cxasart, sauem +ro nao, ne repx na +ro npemenn). Ecnn xe orner
cymecrnyer, ro ero nao xpacnno npoart corpynnxam, oxcnxx, xax +ror oruer nonnnxer na
pesyntrart paort nopasenennx. B peantno xnsnn cnryannx tna raxona: nmencx ocrarouno
ontmo n cnoxnt accoprnmenr c neponno yxonmocrtm, onontno oporne (rpeymmne
cnenycnonn) cxnat, n rontxo oruert o ocrarxax anann nosmoxnocrt +]]exrnnno
nnannponart sanac raxnm opasom, urot nsexart nepeoen n nocranxax (xora xnnenr xouer
xynnrt ronap, a ero ner). Hpoaxnnxn nocroxnno nosmymannct nepeoxmn, onaxo ne cnxstnann
nx c nnoxo nnn ne nonpemx canntmn orueramn. Kora pyxononrent noxasan nm n
onn]ponannom nne sanncnmocrt mexy ]axropamn (oruer sanac oem npoax onyc),
ornomenne x orueram pesxo nsmennnoct: nospocno xauecrno npeocrannxemo nn]opmannn, nmn
crann conmart nynxryantnocrt npn caue orueron.

Kenc 4
3ror xec necxontxo noxox na npetymn, onaxo mt ocranonnmcx na nem orentno: on
rnnnuen nx mnornx oreuecrnenntx n nnocrpanntx xomnann, ecrnymmnx na reppnropnn
Poccnn. Hsnauantno npnunno nosnnxnonennx xon]nnxrno cnryannn xnnxercx uacro
ncrpeuammeecx pasnnune n opnenrannn na nponecc n pesyntrar y orena mapxernnra n orena
npoax (xcrarn, npn noope nepconana +ro moxno npoaxrnnno cxoppexrnponart). B orene
mapxernnra uame paoramr nmn nponecca. Cocrnenno, n xapaxrep cemnnapa, nponeennoro
pyxononrenem orena, ronopnr o rom, uro ero roronnnn n npononnn nmn nponecca (ncnomnnre
ero coepxanne). Corpynnxam xe orenon npoax nponecc ne nnrepecen, onee roro, on
ornnexaer nx or paort. uro nao tno cenart? Heoxonmo tno copart nx n c nomomtm
xonxperntx ntxnaox n nn]p noxasart nsanmocnxst cneymmnx ]axropon: nn]opmannx nx
orena mapxernnra c none npomoaxnnx nnn pyrax mapxernnronax axrnnnocrt pocr oema
npoax. Taxo pasronop n noxo ann t conepmenno pyro pesyntrar.



BLBO x xencau 3 n 4
Ecnn nyxno mornnnponart pesyntrarnnxa (uenonexa, opnenrnponannoro
na pesyntrar) ntnonnxrt nponeccnym (oexrnnno nnn no ero mnennm) paory,
oxaxnre emy, uro ee ntnonnenne peantno nonnnxer na ocrnxenne nm
onrnmantnoro pesyntrara.

Kenc 5
K coxanennm, cnryannx rnnnunax. Houemy-ro no mnornx xomnannxx neoxonmym onm
npnsnannx n noompennx nonyuamr rontxo re nopasenennx, ue pesyntrar npocro n xonxperno
nsmepnm (nanonee xapaxrepno npoaxn, nponsnocrno, npoexrnax paora). Ocrantnte xe
ocramrcx sa oprom. 3ro eme onee ycyrynxer n rax nenpocrte ns-sa cymecrnennoro
pacxoxennx rnnon nnunocre ornomennx. Pemennem n +ro cnryannn xnnxercx ntpannnnanne
npoammnx n nponsnoxmnx cnyx n crenenn npnsnannx, oopennx n noompennx. B annom
cnyuae tnn npnnxrt cneymmne mept:
npononnnct xonxypct na nyumero cnennanncra cnyxt noepxxn, xannarypt
un1pnn Bonoroen, Cne1nana Bnanunponna Hnanona: Anunan +qqex1nnnoc1t na 100%: Cpocn1t annac1, nan1n
cen, oc1nut nenn
75
onpeenxnnct meroom ronoconannx ncex corpynnxon. Onn narpaxannct n ro xe
ropxecrnenno ocranonxe, uro n npoaxnnxn;
n nenente noxasarenn nx pyxononrene tnn nneent pesyntrart anonnmnoro onpoca
ncex corpynnxon xomnannn. B nem pas n nonroa onennnanact nnyrpennxx
xnnenroopnenrnponannocrt, npo]eccnonannsm, xom]opr n cnoenpemennocrt nsanmoecrnnx;
npononnact nnnnnyantnax paora c nyumnmn n xymnmn pxontmn corpynnxamn no
pesyntraram ynomxnyroro onpoca.



BLBO
Hmn nponecca n nmn pesyntrara rpeymr onnaxono mept
npnsnannx n xpnrnuecxo onenxn. Cneonarentno, ram, re cnoxno onennrt
xonxpernte nsnec-pesyntrart, neoxonmo cosanart n ncnontsonart
ononnnrentnte nncrpymenrt nsmepennx.

Kenc 6
Xena opnenrnponana na nponecc monnnra, nonyuennx nn]opmannn, ntopa n r. . Myxy
naxen rontxo xoneunt pesyntrar, nponecc emy ne nnrepecen, a noromy paspaxaer. B raxo
cnryannn nm cronno t pasennrt nponecc ntopa na ne uacrn cnauana xena nonyuaer ncm
nnrepecnym nx nee nn]opmannm, nacnaxaxct nponeccom, a n cneymmn pas, xora ona
cospena o pemennx, e cronr npnxonrt c myxem. B +rom cnyuae oe cropont yyr
yonnernopent.

Kenc 7
Oren, yyun opnenrnponanntm n ontme crenenn na pesyntrar, xouer nonyunrt nmenno
+ry nn]opmannm. Ctny xe xouercx noennrtcx eranxmn nponecca, nmenno onn emy nanonee
nnrepecnt. Orny xe +ra nn]opmannx xaxercx nsnnmne, a noromy paspaxaer. Ha ene, ecnn
oren ne xouer norepxrt onepne ctna, on onxen trt nnnmarentntm nmenno x eranxm
nponecca, xoropte nnrepecnt ctny. A ctny moxno tno t noconeronart cnauana ronopnrt o
pesyntrare, a norom paccxastnart, xax on x +romy pesyntrary npnmen.



BLBO x xencau 6 n 7
B nnuno xnsnn cronr yunrtnart meranporpammy nponecc pesyntrar:
oonm yuacrnnxam omennx nnn conmecrntx ecrnn xenarentno enart mar
nancrpeuy pyr pyry nnn npocro n pasnoe npemx noxnmuartcx x conmecrntm
ecrnnxm (xax n cnyuae c noxynxamn). Ecnn peut ner o nsanmoornomennxx
nspocnoro n peenxa, ro, xoneuno, nrn nancrpeuy cronr nmenno ponrenxm, rax
xax ern, nosmoxno, noxa na raxoe ocosnannoe ecrnne eme npocro ne
cnocont.

Hrax, mt cmornn ocynrt necxontxo naxntx momenron, cnxsanntx c rem, xax cronr
+]]exrnnno crponrt ornomennx c nmtmn, ne noxoxnmn na nac. Inannt xe ntno ns ncero, uro
cxasano n +rom pasene, moxer snyuart rax: Ecnn uenonex cnntno ornnuaercx or menx, +ro ne
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un1pnn Bonoroen, Cne1nana Bnanunponna Hnanona: Anunan +qqex1nnnoc1t na 100%: Cpocn1t annac1, nan1n
cen, oc1nut nenn
76
snaunr, uro xro-ro ns nac nyume nnn xyxe. Hpocro mt pasnte. H nmenno +ro enaer xnsnt
nnrepecno n nonno neoxnannocre!

KHRu K TECTV HO OHPEEHEHHR METAHPOIPAMMI HPOHECC
PE3VHITAT
Hnnxaropt meranporpammt Pesyntrar:
rnaront conepmennoro nna: coe.a., uanuca. no.oeuuv om:ema, no:mu saeepuu.
npoerm;
cnona, oosnauammne pesyntrart: cenxa, onontnt xnnenr, comemncx ananc;
oxcnenne sauem: npn nororonxe npesenrannn x noepy xpxne nnnmcrpannn, urot
ona nponsnena nneuarnenne n sa-nomnnnact.

Hnnxaropt meranporpammt Hponecc:
rnaront neconepmennoro nna: oe.a., nuca. om:em, ee. npoerm;
cnona, oosnauammne nponecc: omenne, paora c xnnenrom, cneenne ananca;
oxcnenne xax: npn nororonxe npesenrannn x nonmy xpxne nnnmcrpannn n Hnrepnere,
a norom ncrannm nx n cnat.



Pao1a co nsrnnaun n yc1anonxaun

Bo mnornx cnyuaxx noneenne nme onpeenxercx ne rontxo n ne crontxo nx ntroamn
nnn mornnamn, cxontxo nx ycranonxamn n nsrnxamn, remn npnnnnnamn, xoroptx onn
npnepxnnamrcx n xnsnn. B nexoroptx cnryannxx +rn nsrnxt n ycranonxn xnnxmrcx
omnountmn, n rpeyercx onpeenennax paora no nx nsmenennm na onee xoncrpyxrnnnte.
Paccmorpnm necxontxo xecon, n xoroptx nocrannena saaua nsmenennx ycranonox n nsrnxon, n
nonpoyem c ne ycnemno cnpannrtcx. nx roro urot onee ycnemno pemnrt xect, a raxxe
nonxrt nam napnanr ornera, nam neoxonmo nomnnrt o raxnx nncrpymenrax, xax pe]pemnnr,
ncnxopama, mera]opnuecxoe nnnxnne (xnaccnuecxax mera]opa n mera]opnuecxax ncropnx),
rnnepona. Ecnn nt yxe snaxomt c nnmn, ro nponycrnre necxontxo asanen n cpasy nepexonre x
nsyuennm xecon.

Peqpenunnr +ro npnem, xoropt nosnonxer noxasart uenonexy
cnryannm c pyro cropont, onee xoncrpyxrnnno.

Pe]pemnnr moxno nponecrn:
no xonrexcry (y menx ner npemenn ceuac sannmartcx nnannponannem nx, rax xax mnoro
en rt cmoxemt cenart +rn ena ropaso tcrpee n n nrore c+xonomnmt npemx);
c nomomtm noxasa pyro cropont (rpynt xnnenr ecnnarnt rpennnr);
c nomomtm npornnonocrannennx, cnona 3ATO (rt ecrnnrentno ne npoaemt, rax xax
naxonmtcx na rpennnre, 3ATO norom c nomomtm nontx nantxon rt cmoxemt ynennunrt oem
npoax).

Hcnxopaua na ene cnoxnt n xomnnexcnt mero, o xoropom mt ne
yem, a n ne xomnerenrnt ronopnrt n nonnom oeme. Cornacno cnonapnomy
onpeenennm, ocnony ncnxopamt cocrannxer npononmt n rpynne nme,
un1pnn Bonoroen, Cne1nana Bnanunponna Hnanona: Anunan +qqex1nnnoc1t na 100%: Cpocn1t annac1, nan1n
cen, oc1nut nenn
77
nyxammnxcx n ncnxnarpnuecxo nnn ncnxonornuecxo nomomn,
nmnponnsnponannt ncnxopamarnuecxn cnexraxnt, n xoe xoroporo
pastrptnaercx xaxax-nno peantnax xnsnennax cnryannx c axnenrom na
ntxnnenne n paspemenne ncnxonornuecxnx nponem, c xoroptmn yuacrnnxn
cnexraxnx cranxnnamrcx n xnsnn.

Paccmorpnm rontxo manentxn noxo ns +roro meroa cmeny ponn uenonexa, na xoroporo
mt xornm oxasart nnnxnne, na npornnononoxnym. Hoxo saxnmuaercx n rom, uro mt crannm
corpynnxa, utnm pasnnrnem sannmaemcx, n cnryannm, npornnononoxnym ero ntnemne.
Hanpnmep, pyxononrent ne camtm nyumnm opasom neer cex c nounnenntmn nnn npoaxnnx
c xnnenramn. Hpnmenxx npnem ncnxopamt, naxno cenart cneymmee:
nocrannrt corpynnxa n cnryannm, re ero pont yer npornnononoxna ntnemne;
saart anropnrm noneennx;
ncnontsonart ]opmynnponxn rnna: Hpecrant cee, uro rt, no nserart
]opmynnponxn: Hocrant cex na ero mecro, rax xax +ro cymecrnenno cnnxaer nonneuennocrt
uenonexa n cnryannm.

Me1aqopa xpxoe, opasnoe cpannenne, xoropoe sa cuer cnoe opasnocrn
nosnonxer cnntnee nosecrnonart na uenonexa, ocoenno ecnn y nero opasnoe
mtmnenne.

pxn npnmep mera]opt: npemx +ro pexa, no xoropo nt nntnere na noxe. Moxere nn
nt ynpannxrt pexo? Pasymeercx, ner. Ho nt moxere ynpannxrt noxo, coo n cnonmn cnnamn,
nt moxere ntnpart, nntrt nn nam no onee tcrptm nnn no onee cnoxontm yuacrxam pexn.
Mera]opnuecxax ncropnx xax pasnonnnocrt mera]opnuecxoro nnnxnnx ocnonana na
+]]exre npoexnnn, a nmenno na rom ]axre, uro, cnymax n nocnpnnnmax ncropnn o nmxx,
noxoxnx na nero, uenonex npnmepxer na cex nx uyncrna. Taxnm opasom n ocymecrnnxercx
nosecrnne na cosnanne n +monnn.

Innepona snaunrentnoe npeynennuenne, xoropoe nosnonxer onecrn o
uenonexa acypnocrt ero noneennx nnn cnryannn.

Hanpnmep, onunnomy uenonexy co ncntntunntm xapaxrepom mt cnerxa nponnuno
coneryem cpasy art onunxy n mopy (npn +rom naxno nonnmart, uro uenonex, c xoroptm mt
ronopnm, aexnaren n c uyncrnom mmopa).



3AAHA
Bo ncex xecax: npnymare mnnnmym no onomy nncrpymenry paort co
nsrnxamn, urot nsmennrt ycranonxn uenonexa.

Kencm no 1eue Pao1a co nsrnnaun n yc1anonxaun

Kenc 1. Heanno nasnauennt pyxononrent npnntuno paccyxaer: Herue cenart
camomy, uem oxcnxrt n enernponart saaun pyrnm. B pesyntrare on neperpyxen, a y
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un1pnn Bonoroen, Cne1nana Bnanunponna Hnanona: Anunan +qqex1nnnoc1t na 100%: Cpocn1t annac1, nan1n
cen, oc1nut nenn
78
corpynnxon paort neocrarouno; npn +rom nexoropte ns nnx neonontnt, uro pyxononrent
nm nnuero ne nopyuaer, nocnpnnnmax raxoe ornomenne c ero cropont xax neonepne x cee.
Kenc 2. Monoax xenmnna, crpemxct cenart xaptepy, cnntno nepexnnaer no nonoy roro,
uro ona neocrarouno xopomo ntnonnxer marepnncxn onr, rax xax ne moxer yenxrt nce cnoe
npemx manentxomy peenxy.
Kenc 3. Pyxononrent cpenero snena onrcx xpnrnxonart xonner nnn nounnenntx, rax
xax cnntno opnenrnponan na xopomne ornomennx n ouent ne xouer xoro-nno saert nnn
onert. 3ra cnryannx nerarnnna, rax xax no mnornx cnyuaxx xpnrnuecxne sameuannx mornn t
nosnrnnno nonnnxrt na pasnnrne cotrn.
Kenc 4. Monoax corpynnna upesntuano onesnenno pearnpyer na xpnrnxy, ocoenno co
cropont xonner, panntx e no crarycy. Cocrnenno, +ro axe n ne concem xpnrnxa, a cxopee
ntcxastnaemte na conemannxx xoppexrnponxn ee ne n npenoxenn. Btcnyman n nocnpnnxn
+rn sameuannx, ona morna t ormnn]onart cnon nen, cenart nx ropaso nyume. Ho nmecro
+roro ona onxaercx n crapaercx mentme ntcxastnartcx, ne xenax cntmart xpnrnxy n cno
apec.
Kenc 5. Hep]exnnonnsm, npnuem upesmepnt, xoropt nnora nastnamr cnnpomom
ornnunnxa, npnnonr x romy, uro naunnammn cnennanncr noome ne enaer ro, uro onxen,
ecnn ne ynepen, uro cmoxer cenart nennxonenno. B pesyntrare eno crpaaer, rax xax nexoropte
saaun ne ntnonnxmrcx, xorx mornn t trt pement ecnn ne nennxonenno, ro nnonne
nopmantno.
Kenc 6. Mart upesntuano rpeonarentna x mxontntm ycnexam ouepn, rpeyx or nee
rontxo nxrepox. V ouepn ecrt ntpaxennt nnrepec n cnoconocrn x pxy npemeron, no ne xo
ncem. Oren nnnr, uro ornomennx mexy mareptm n oueptm cranonxrcx nce onee
nanpxxenntmn. Kax emy nonnnxrt na xeny?

Bapnan1m o1ne1on

Ho xency 1. Heanno nasnauennt pyxononrent npnntuno paccyxaer: Herue cenart
camomy, uem oxcnxrt n enernponart pyrnm. B pesyntrare on neperpyxen, a y corpynnxon
paort neocrarouno; npn +rom nexoropte ns nnx neonontnt, uro on nm nnuero ne nopyuaer,
nocnpnnnmax raxoe ornomenne c ero cropont xax neonepne x cee.
Peqpe+uue . a, ecrnnrentno, rt norparnmt uac, urot nayunrt nounnennoro, a cam
cmoxemt cenart ro xe camoe sa nonuaca. 3aro uepes neenm, xora +ror oruer cnona nao yer
nncart, rt c+xonomnmt cnon nonuaca, a paory ntnonnnr oyuennt roo corpynnx.
Hcuxoopa+a . Bcnomnn, rt net roxe xora-ro tn naunnammnm. H ecnn t ree
pyxononrent nnuero ne oxcnxn n ne onepxn, a nce enan cam, cmor t rt crart rem, xem cran
n nrore?
Memaqopa . Hpecrant cee renepana, xoropt cam nepeaer no pannn coomenne, cam
poer oxont, cam exnr n araxy, a ero conart n +ro npemx re-ro cnoxono xypxr. Kax rt
ymaemt, cmoxer on ntnrpart nony?
Iunepoo.a . Kora peenxa yuar camocroxrentno oenartcx, +ror nponecc, xax npannno,
sannmaer y nero ouent mnoro npemenn, ropaso nerue oert ero xomy-nnyt ns ponrene. Tax
ne nyume nn nepecrart ero yunrt, n nycrt ponrenn o xonna ne cnonx oenamr ero?

Ho xency 2. Monoax xenmnna, crpemxct cenart xaptepy, cnntno nepexnnaer no nonoy
roro, uro neocrarouno xopomo ntnonnxer marepnncxn onr, rax xax ne moxer nce cnoe npemx
yenxrt manentxomy peenxy.
un1pnn Bonoroen, Cne1nana Bnanunponna Hnanona: Anunan +qqex1nnnoc1t na 100%: Cpocn1t annac1, nan1n
cen, oc1nut nenn
79
Peqpe+uue . ana nsrnxnem na cnryannm c pyro cropont: nor yer rnoe ouepn
1516 ner, xax ymaemt, xro nx nee yer npnmepom omoxosxxa nnn ycnemnax
nponnerammax xenmnna, c xoropo ncera nnrepecno noronopnrt, cnpocnrt conera.
Hpecrant cee yymee: n 1314 ner nnrepect rnoe ouepn yyr n ocnonnom nne cemtn.
uem rt rora yemt sannmartcx?
Hcuxoopa+a . Bcnomnn cnonx ponrene. Bet onn paorann, a rt ntpocna ouent xopomnm
n ycnemntm uenonexom. Tt ymaemt, rt crana t nyume, ecnn t mama cnena oma, a ne tna
nx rex nnrepecntm uenonexom, c xoroporo rt pana npnmep.
Memaqopa . Bor nnrepecno, uro n nopxncxnx cemtxx ne tno rpannnn npononrt nce
npemx c ertmn, onaxo ouent mnorne ns nnx ntpocnn npexpacntmn nmtmn, nmxmnmn cnonx
ponrene.
mnrpn Hnxauen n memyapax nncan: Fontme ncero menx nocnnrtnana neuepnxx nonocxa
cnera no neptm xannera moero orna.
Iunepoo.a . Hy, rax moxno orn n o roro, uro n napnxmaxepcxym ne xonrt, xocmeronora
ne nocemart, rax xax +ro npemx rt morna t nponecrn c peenxom.

Ho xency 3. Pyxononrent cpenero snena onrcx xpnrnxonart xonner nnn nounnenntx,
rax xax cnntno opnenrnponan na xopomne ornomennx n ouent ne xouer xoro-nno saert nnn
onert. 3ra cnryannx nerarnnna, rax xax no mnornx cnyuaxx xpnrnuecxne sameuannx mornn t
nosnrnnno nonnnxrt na pasnnrne cotrn.
Peqpe+uue . a, uenonex moxer paccrponrtcx ns-sa xpnrnxn, saro rt aemt emy manc
crart nyume. He ronopx nmxm o nx neocrarxax, rt memaemt nm pasnnnartcx, noromy uro
mnorne ne nnxr cex co cropont.
Hcuxoopa+a . Hpecrant cee, uro nemt no ynnne na naxnym ncrpeuy, n y rex xaxo-ro
ecnopxox n oexe. Pxom c roo ner rno xonnera, nnnr +ror nenopxox, no crecnxercx
cxasart ree o +rom. B pesyntrare na naxno nx rex ncrpeue rt ntrnxnmt ne nyumnm
opasom, nponsnonmt nnoxoe nneuarnenne n ne moxemt onrtcx roro, uero xouemt. Kax rt
cunraemt, rno xonnera npan?
Memaqopa . Kora x rontxo naunnana paorart, ro cronxnynact c raxo cnryanne: x
nmecre c pyxononrenem ornpannnact x xnnenry, a nocne ncrpeun pyxononrent uerxo yxasan mne
na mon neocrarxn n nmnxe n neennn neperonopon. Mne yanoct +rn neocrarxn ncnpannrt, n x
o cnx nop naroapna romy pyxononrenm, noromy uro axe ne noospenana, xax ntrnxxy co
cropont.
Iunepoo.a . Moxno n sa onosanne xnannrt, n sa onymennte omnxn net rnannoe,
urot nmn tnn onontnt n rex nmnnn.

Ho xency 4. Monoax corpynnna upesntuano onesnenno pearnpyer na xpnrnxy,
ocoenno co cropont xonner, panntx e no crarycy. Cocrnenno, +ro axe ne concem xpnrnxa, a
cxopee ntcxastnaemte na conemannxx xoppexrnponxn ee ne n npenoxenn. Btcnyman n
nocnpnnxn +rn sameuannx, ona morna t ormnn]onart cnon nen, cenart nx ropaso nyume. Ho
nmecro +roro ona onxaercx n crapaercx mentme ntcxastnartcx, ne xenax cntmart xpnrnxy n
cno apec.
Peqpe+uue . ana nsrnxnem na cnryannm c pyro cropont: yyr nn nmn, xoropte x
ree nnoxo ornocxrcx, rparnrt na rex cnoe npemx? Cxopee ncero, ner. 3naunr, xonnern
noxastnamr ree, uro rt nx nnx naxen, n xorxr nomout ree ynyumnrt cnon nen.
Hcuxoopa+a . Cxaxn, a rt enaemt sameuannx cnoemy peenxy? a? 3naunr nn +ro, uro rt
ero ne nmnmt? Hmnmt! Houemy xe rt cunraemt, uro xonnern, xpnrnxyx rnon nen, crpemxrcx
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80
rex saert, onert? Tora nonyuaercx, uro n rt x romy xe crpemnmtcx, xpnrnxyx cnoero
peenxa.
Memaqopa . Ftnaer, uro n name orpaxenne n sepxane nam ne npannrcx. Hanpnmep,
nonntn maxnxx, nor n ntrnxxy ne ouent axxyparno. Moxno, xoneuno, ne cmorpert n sepxano,
urot nsexart nenpnxrntx +monn, no n +rom cnyuae ne yer manca nonpannrt maxnxx, n n
naxnt nx cex momenr nt yere ntrnxert ne nyumnm opasom.
Iunepoo.a . Tt snaemt, moxno net n rax cxasart: ecnn ree xro-ro ne yntnyncx, +ro yxe
nono nx ont.

Ho xency 5. Hep]exnnonnsm, npnuem upesmepnt, xoropt nnora nastnamr cnnpomom
ornnunnxa, npnnonr x romy, uro naunnammn cnennanncr noome ne enaer ro, uro onxen,
ecnn ne ynepen, uro cmoxer cenart nennxonenno. B pesyntrare eno crpaaer, rax xax nexoropte
saaun ne ntnonnxmrcx, xorx mornn t trt pement ecnn ne nennxonenno, ro nnonne
nopmantno.
Peqpe+uue . Ecrt na npnnnnnnantno pasntx noxoa cpannnnart nosmoxnt pesyntrar
c maxcnmantno nosmoxntm, +ranonntm, nnn nocrynart onee npannntno, cpannnnax cno
ntnemnn pesyntrar c npetymnm, n ormeuart ocrnrnyrt nporpecc.
Hcuxoopa+a . Ecnn t rt tn pyxononrenem, rt npenouen t, urot corpynnx ne
ntnonnnn saauy noome nnn nce-raxn cenan nourn nce n rontxo n nexoroptx momenrax
norpeonannct xoppexrnponxn?
Kora rt tn manentxnm, pasne y rex cpasy nce nonyuanoct neantno? Cnauana enan rax,
xax mor, n n nrore nayunncx nce enart npannntno.
Memaqopa . Ftno t npannntno ocrannrt rontxo ne onenxn nxrt n na?
Iunepoo.a . Hsnecrnt ]axr, uro cnonapt Hymxnna (nmeercx n nny cnonapt xax omn
naop axrnnno ncnontsyemtx cnon) cocrannxn oxono 25 000 cnon, a cpenecrarncrnuecxn
conpemennt uenonex c ntcmnm opasonannem ncnontsyer oxono 10 00012 000 cnon. Hntmn
cnonamn, axe cno pono xstx mt snaem ne neantno. Tax, moxer, nepecrart na nem ronopnrt?

Ho xency 6. Mart upesntuano rpeonarentna x mxontntm ycnexam ouepn, rpeyx or nee
rontxo nxrepox. V ouepn ecrt ntpaxennt nnrepec n cnoconocrn x pxy npemeron, no ne xo
ncem. Oren nnnr, uro ornomennx mexy mareptm n oueptm cranonxrcx nce onee
nanpxxenntmn. Kax emy nonnnxrt na xeny?
Peqpe+uue . Moxno nsrnxnyrt na cnryannm nemnoro no pyrnm yrnom: ner
ynnnepcantntx cnennanncron no ncem, no+romy nyume rnyoxo snart ro, uro naxno, nanpnmep,
nx yyme npo]eccnn, uem no uyrt-uyrt pasnpartcx no ncem.
Hcuxoopa+a . Hoyma, uro ns mxontno nporpammt ree camo peantno npnronnnct n
paore nnn n xnsnn?
Memaqopa . Tyr xopomo noxonr mera]opa ns paccxason Konan ona o Bepnoxe
Xonmce: uenoneuecxax namxrt xax uepax, nnomat xoroporo ne esrpannuna. Ecnn nomecrnrt
rya mnoro nnmnero, ro neoxonmoe npocro ne noer nnn ero cnoxno yer ortcxart.
Iunepoo.a . Ecnn oxnart or peenxa ncxnmunrentno ontmnx ycnexon, ro e nao n crart
macrepom cnopra, n mystxantnym mxony saxonunrt, n anerom sannmartcx, a n mnoroe pyroe.

Ha npnmepax, nsxrtx ns xnsnn, mt paccmorpenn, xax moxno paorart co nsrnxamn n
ycranonxamn pyrnx nme, urot nsmennrt nx. uro memaer nam npnmennrt re xe camte
npnemt x cee? Hnuero.

un1pnn Bonoroen, Cne1nana Bnanunponna Hnanona: Anunan +qqex1nnnoc1t na 100%: Cpocn1t annac1, nan1n
cen, oc1nut nenn
81
Hpenaraem anropnrm.
1. Onpeennre cnon nsrnxt n ycranonxn, xoropte memamr nam trt ycnemntm nnn
+]]exrnnntm nnn npocro nnoxr nac n crpecc.
2. Hanre n cnoem nnsxom oxpyxennn uenonexa, xoropt x nam ocrarouno pacnonoxen,
no npn +rom oexrnnen. Hoconeryrect c nnm: cnpocnre ero, xaxne, no ero mnennm, ycranonxn n
nsrnxt memamr nam.
3. Cneptre pesyntrart nepnoro n nroporo maron. Cocrantre nroront cnncox.
4. Panxnpyre memammne nam ycranonxn c rouxn spennx cpounocrn n naxnocrn nx
nsmenennx.
5. Haunnre paorart c +rnmn ycranonxamn, ncnontsyx onncannte ntme nncrpymenrt:
pe]pemnnr, ncnxopamy, mera]opy, rnnepony.
6. Onennre pesyntrar. Hpn neoxonmocrn npoonxnre noncx nncrpymenron camonnnxnnx
n camomornnannn.


Kax c1a1t onee yc1onunnmu x c1peccau


C1pecc (or anrn. stress annenne, naxnm, nanop; rner; narpysxa;
nanpxxenne) necnenn]nuecxax (omax) peaxnnx oprannsma na nosecrnne
(]nsnuecxoe nnn ncnxonornuecxoe), napymammee ero nopmantnoe
]ynxnnonnponanne, a raxxe coornercrnymmee cocroxnne nepnno cncremt
oprannsma (nnn oprannsma n nenom). Crpeccop (cnnonnmt crpecc-]axrop,
crpecc-cocroxnne) ]axrop nnn nosecrnne, ntstnammne crpecc [Bnxnnenx].

Kaxt pas na rpennnrax (no ynpannennm nmtmn n onenxe xannaron nx npnema na
paory nnn no pasnnrnm norennnana nounnenntx) yuacrnnxn enamr axnenr na rom, xax naxna
crpeccoycrounnocrt n conpemenno xnsnn n nsnece. Bce ontmee n ontmee uncno xomnann
ntramrcx c ontmnm nnn mentmnm ycnexom npononrt nx cnonx corpynnxon rpennnrn no
crpeccoycrounnocrn n ynepennomy noneennm. Onaxo, xora naunnaemt ocyxart, uro xe
raxoe crpeccoycrounnocrt, mnorne ne moryr art uerxn orner. Hepe]pasnpyx ntpaxenne Kro
xcno mtcnnr, ror xcno nsnaraer, moxno cxasart, uro xcnocrt ]opmynnponxn neer n x uerxomy
nonnmannm cyrn nonpoca.
Hrax, cnauana anare nmecre nonpoyem onpeennrt, uro xe moxer norn n nonxrne
crpeccoycrounnocrn, n rontxo nocne yem paccyxart o rom, xax xonxperno ynyumnrt +ry
xapaxrepncrnxy n cee.
Crporo ronopx, n nonxrnn crpeccoycrounnocrt moxno ntennrt rpn ocnonntx ]axropa.
1. Bocnpnnnmaer nn uenonex camy cnryannm xax cnryannm crpecca, r. e. xnnxercx nn
annt ]axrop crpeccopom nx xonxpernoro uenonexa. Hao cxasart, uro ontmnncrno ]axropon
nx onnx nme xnnxmrcx crpeccopamn, a nx pyrnx ner. Hanpnmep, onn oxrcx nerart na
camonere, a pyrne conepmenno cnoxono x +romy ornocxrcx, onn nmxr trt n nenrpe
nnnmannx, a nx pyrnx nynnunoe ntcrynnenne xnnxercx rxxxnm ncntrannem, onnx nernor
crnmynnpyer, a pyrnx nnonr n crynop. Cnncox moxno npoonxnrt nourn ecxoneuno.
Vnnnepcantntx crpeccopon xpane mano, n onn, n ocnonnom, nmemr ]nsnonornuecxn xapaxrep.
Font, rono, xono, xpanxx crenent ]nsnuecxoro yromnennx. Ecrt ]nsnonornuecxne crpeccopt,
xoropte axryantnt nx mnornx, no ne nx ncex: nanpnmep, pesxax cmena uacontx noxcon nnn
pexnma cna.
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82
2. Kax uenonex neer cex n cnryannn crpecca. Ecrt rpn npnnnnnnantno pasnte xareropnn
nme: re, xro n crpecce monnnsyercx n noxastnaer pesyntrar ntme otunoro, re, xro nnaaer n
crynop n repxer +]]exrnnnocrt, n re, xro neer cex xax ncera. Hantxn +]]exrnnnoro
noneennx n crpecce n anrnncxom xstxe nonyunnn nasnanne problem solving skills (nantxn
pemennx nponem), a nme, nmn nnaemmnx, nasnann problem solvers. Fyem rax nx nastnart ne
noromy, uro anrnncxn xstx nyume pyccxoro, a noromy, uro no-pyccxn pemarent nponem
snyunr ne nnonne ecrecrnenno. Kax cenart marn x romy, urot crart raxnm problem solver, mt
ocynm nnxe.
3. Kax uenonex ntxonr ns crpecca. Ecnn uenonex nce-raxn ncntran crpecc, axe ecnn on
npn +rom npoxnnn cex xax problem solver, ro emy neoxonmo ns crpecca rpamorno ntrn. B
npornnnom cnyuae naxannnnamrcx nerarnnnte +monnn, ycranocrt, n +ro moxer npnnecrn x
ntropannm. Kpannmn nocnecrnnxmn moryr crart ncnxocomarnuecxne n nepnnte
saonenannx.
Ocranonnmcx noponee na xaxom ns ]axropon crpecca, no rpannnn cpasy paccmarpnnax
nncrpymenrt paort na nnmn c nentm ynennuennx cnoe +]]exrnnnocrn.

C1peccop nnn ne1? Bocnpnn1ne cn1yannn


B rpvnuo ro+nauuu oi.o npuumo uaeparoami nooeoume.e eoooeix
rourvpcoe u uo+uuau ua moprecmeeuuo+ +eponpumuu e roue eooa, ua
romopo+ cooupa.oci uecro.iro comeu compvouuroe. B o:eui moprecmeeuuo
oocmauoere uaeparoae+i eixoou. ua pro oceeueuuvm ceuv, no.v:a. us pvr
pvroeooume. uaepaov u npousuocu. omeemuvm pe:i. Bo.iuuucmeo
compvouuroe nosumueuo omuocu.uci r omo npoeovpe, ucnimiea.u :vecmeo
sarouuo eopoocmu u paoocmu. Tpaouuouuo e marux uo+uuaux v:acmeoea.u
compvouuru npooamuux noopasoe.euu. B raro-mo +o+eum peuu.u
uaeparoami u c.vroi noooeprru. Uacmi compvouuroe omux c.vro oi.u
cmo.i re ooeo.iui, rar u npooaruuru, uo ooua us compvouu ovxea.mepuu
crasa.a: Ec.u +eu npu ecex ovovm eisieami ua ceuv, npocmo ue npuov ua
+eponpumue, +oev saoo.emi e roue rouoe. Hpuu.oci e uaepaov epv:ami
e paoo:e oocmauoere.

3ra ncropnx xax pas n ronopnr o rom, uro onn n ror xe ]axrop nynnunocrn nx onnx
cranonnrcx crpeccopom, a nx pyrnx narpao.
anare nonpoyem narn pemenne, xax cenart crpeccop ]axropom nerpantntm nnn axe
nosnrnnno nocnpnnnmaemtm.
HOuEMV nmenno +ror ]axrop cran crpeccopom? 3ro ouent naxnt nonpoc. uecrnt orner
na nero nosnonnr nam cnpannrtcx co crpeccom n nsmennrt cnoe ornomennx x crpeccopy.

Houe+y? Ruopeuue

Bce mt cranxnnannct c rem ]axrom, uro nnora xaxax-ro menonx nnn spnrentnt opas,
xoropte camn no cee ne xnnxmrcx paocrntmn nnn neuantntmn, ntstnamr y nac, rem ne menee,
cnntnte +monnn. 3ror ]axr ntsnan opasonannem ncnxonornuecxoro xxopx croxo
acconnannn, xoropax cnxsana c rem nnn nntm cotrnem nnn ecrnnem.

un1pnn Bonoroen, Cne1nana Bnanunponna Hnanona: Anunan +qqex1nnnoc1t na 100%: Cpocn1t annac1, nan1n
cen, oc1nut nenn
83
E.eua, ooua us v:acmuu ur.a mpeuuueoe o. pvroeooume.e cpeoueeo
seeua, o:eui oqqermueuo v:acmeoea.a e epvnnoeix oucrvccux u +oseoeix
umvp+ax, a marre e po.eeix uepax. Oouaro, ec.u e npuxoou.oci eixooumi u
eicmvnami nvo.u:uo nepeo avoumopue (uanpu+ep, paccrasieami o
pesv.imamax epvnnoeo paoomi u.u npousuocumi +omueauouuvm pe:i), oua
mep.aci, rpacue.a, e pe:u noe..oci oo.iuoe ro.u:ecmeo c.oe-napasumoe. B
ooue+, eicmvna.a oua n.oxo. Ha eonpoc mpeuepa e oeceoe mem-a-mem o
npu:uue maro pearuu oua paccrasa.a, :mo v uee oi. ueeamueui onim: ua
oouo+ us npeoiovuux +ecm paoomi oi.o npuumo noc.e eicmvn.euu ua
coeeuauux nooeepeami .moe recmro nvo.u:uo rpumure. B pesv.imame
oopasoea.c ropi: nvo.u:uoe eicmvn.euue recmra nvo.u:ua oeura.

B oouo useecmuo sanaouo ro+nauuu v ueromopix compvouuroe
ueooxoou+ocmi v:acmeoeami e mpeuuuee eisiea.a cmpecc. Bpooe oi cmpauua
cumvau: .mou c eicoru+ oopasoeame.iui+ vpoeue+ u vpoeue+ uume..erma, u
maroe omuoueuue. Orasa.oci, :mo npu:uuo omoeo cmpauuoeo ua nepei ese.o
e.euu, noc.vru.u c.eovmuue cooimu: eeuepa.iui +eueorep uecro.iro pas
npoeoou. mpeuuueu e peru+e recmroeo copeeuoeauu, npu:e+ no umoea+ oaea.
xaparmepucmuru ue mo.iro nooeoume.+, uo u npouepaeuu+, emopoe
uecro.iro mpeuuueoe npoxoou.u ua aue.ucro+ sire, u me, rmo ue o.ecmue
e.aoe. u+, :vecmeoea.u ceo ue e ceoe mape.re.

A.eua, mo.iro ua:aeua eooumi +auuuv, e nepeie +eci nonaoaem e
ooeo.iuo cepiesuvm aeapum. C.aea ooev, ooou.oci oes repme u mpae+, uo
aeapu npousou.a no ee euue, a us-sa ooeo.iuo epvoo pearu emopo
cmopoui, oo.eoeo oruoauu IHB oi.u copeaui n.aui ua ece eixoouie.
Homo+ raroi pas, caoci sa pv.i aemo+oou., A.eua ucnimiea.a cmpecc u
cmpax.

Eue oouu c.v:a, c romopi+ +i cma.ruea.uci o:eui :acmo, npoeoo
mpeuuueu no uaeira+ npeseumauu, cesau c me+, :mo oosui nvo.u:uoeo
eicmvn.euu v eno.ue espoc.ix u vcneuuix .moe cesaua c ueeamueui+
rope+ us oemcmea eixoo r oocre oi. cesau .uoo c n.oxu+u oeura+u .uoo c
oououi+u ro++eumapu+u v:ume..

Bce +rn npnmept ronopxr o cnntno ntpaxennom orpnnarentnom xxopennn. Acconnnpyxct c
nerarnnntmn +monnxmn nnn cotrnxmn, ]axr ntstnaer y uenonexa crpecc. Bnonne nosmoxno n
axe onee uem nepoxrno, uro, ecnn t ne tno orpnnarentntx acconnann, crpecc ncues t cam
no cee.
Ouennno pyxonocrno x ecrnnm: ecnn nt nonnmaere, uro crpecconax peaxnnx na
onpeenennte cotrnx nnn cnryannn xnnxercx cnecrnnem orpnnarentnoro xxopennx, ro ero
neoxonmo nomenxrt na nonoxnrentnoe. 3ro osnauaer, uro, ecnn noxenne mamnnt cnxsano c
orpnnarentntmn +monnxmn, npoxamn nnn anapne, nao nauart nonrt mamnny n ouent
xom]oprno ocranonxe: nanpnmep, sa ropoom, re ner npoox n nepoxrnocrt anapn nenennxa.
Ecnn cnryannn, xora nt naxonrect n nenrpe nnnmannx nnn ntcrynaere na nynnxe, cnxsant co
crpaxom n crpeccom, ro nao nauart paccxastnart ncropnn n anexort n xomnannn nnsxnx
pyse, re yx rouno nnxro na namn ne nocmeercx. Ecnn npecrannenne cnoe nen na
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conemannn cnxsano c pesxo xpnrnxo n nerarnnom, nocraparect nx nauana ntcxasart cnon
nen xonneram, n opoxenarentnocrn xoroptx nt ynepent.
Ecnn nonropnrt nonoxnrentnoe xxopenne necxontxo (nnn mnoro) pas, ro ono nepexpoer re
orpnnarentnte acconnannn, xoropte panee ntstnann y nac crpecc.
Touno rax xe nt moxere nomout cnonm nnsxnm nnn nounnenntm, cnennantno cosan nx
nnx cnryannn nonoxnrentnoro xxopennx nsamen orpnnarentnoro. Hecxontxo ncropn o +rom.

oeo.iuo pacnpocmpaueuua cumvau: ca+ocmome.iui cmapuu
peoeuor u onerae+i +.aouu. B pesv.imame oo.iuo ca+ocmome.iuocmu c
oemcmea cmapua cecmpa cma.a ovuo ro+nauuu, veepeuuo e ceoe, pro e
ooueuuu oeevuro. Hpu omo+ oua .mou.a +.aouvm cecmpv u uumepecoea.aci
ee rusuim, uec+omp ua 5 .em pasuui e eospacme, :mo e eapuaume oeaoami
u nmuaoami ooeo.iuo +uoeo. Kar-mo pas +.aoua cecmpa Kam
nora.oea.aci cmapue, Heue, :mo uao ue c+emmc oouor.accuuru, nomo+v
:mo oua saramo u ueveepeuuo eeoem ceo e ro+nauux. Heua, e cu.v
no.v:ae+oeo oopasoeauu uen.oxo suaro+a c ncuxo.oeue, cma.a
ooranieamic oo nepeonpu:uui. Orasa.oci, :mo uecro.iro pas e ro+nauuu
oouor.accuuroe, roeoa Kam nima.aci :mo-mo paccrasami, nouvmumi u.u
rar-mo eue npue.e:i r ceoe euu+auue, Mapuua, veepeuua e ceoe oeevura,
ooeo.iuo upouu:ua, ee nvo.u:uo eic+e.a. C.v:u.oci omo no.eooa uasao e
paseap rouq.urma +erov Mapuuo u Kame. Coocmeeuuo eoeop, rouq.urm
oaeuo ocma.c e npou.o+, u Mapuua nepecma.a noora.ieami Kamm. Ho rar
eoeopumc, ocaoor ocma.c, a e+ecme c uu+ u npuu.u ueveepeuuocmi, cmpecc,
cesauui c oo.iuo ro+nauue. Heua sua.a o npuuune ropeuu u xome.a
no+o:i cecmpe. Hecro.iro pas oua npueoou.a ee c cooo e ro+nauuu, e romopix
oua uaxoou.aci e eumpe euu+auu u no.isoea.aci aemopumemo+,
npeoeapume.iuo ooeoeopueuuci c opvsi+u o mo+, :mo ouu ec:ecru ovovm
nooupmi u noooeprueami cecmpv. Tar u no.v:u.oci. Hocmeneuuo
no.orume.iuoe ropeuue eepuv.o Kame veepeuuocmi, u oua c+oe.a ee
nepeuecmu u e ceom uro.iuvm ro+nauum.

Ha:uuamuu perpvmep, npu:e+ e sua:ume.iuo cmeneuu ue no ceoe euue,
cmo.ruv.c c aepeccueui+ noeeoeuue+ r.ueuma. Pesv.imamo+ cma.o
ompuame.iuoe ropeuue: ueooxoou+ocmi exami ua nepeeoeopi noporoa.a
cu.iui cmpecc, eisiea.a ueveepeuuocmi e ceoe, e pesv.imame :eeo nepeeoeopi
eue napv pas npou.u uevoa:uo. Jmo, ecmecmeeuuo, eue oo.ee vcu.u.o u
sarpenu.o ompuame.iuoe ropeuue. Vsuae oo omo+, pvroeooume.i npuu.
peueuue npu.orumi vcu.u o. vcmpaueuu ompuame.iuoeo ropeuu. C omo
e.im ou cma. cneua.iuo noooupami o. compvouura uauoo.ee .o.iuix us
vre cvuecmevmuux r.ueumoe aeeumcmea u.u uauoo.ee nomeuua.iuo
oecnpoo.e+uix us uoeix. Coomeemcmeeuuo, r compvouurv npuu.u vcnexu.
Karoi maro vcnex pvroeooume.i noorpen.. nosumueuo oopamuo cesim.
B pesv.imame voa.oci usoaeumic om ompuame.iuoeo ropeuu u nocmeneuuo
nepemu r paoome c oo.ee c.orui+u r.ueuma+u.

Houe+y? Bououaa uuu ueeepuaa peqepeumuaa epynna

un1pnn Bonoroen, Cne1nana Bnanunponna Hnanona: Anunan +qqex1nnnoc1t na 100%: Cpocn1t annac1, nan1n
cen, oc1nut nenn
85
Ona nectma ynaxaemax xomnannx oparnnact n rpennnront nenrp no nonoy roro, uro y
pxa corpynnxon, nepnee, corpynnn, ecrt nponemt co crpeccoycrounnocrtm n
xommynnxanne. Hpn nponeennn anonnmno npenapnrentno narnocrnxn, xoropax crannna
cnoe saaue ntxnnrt ocnonnte crpeccopt n nepnonpnunnt nnsxoro yponnx
crpeccoycrounnocrn, oxasanoct, uro onee 90 % crpeccon cnxsant c rem, uro xro-ro ne rax
cxasan, ne ro cxasan, cxasan npn ncex, ne rax nocmorpen n r. n.
Ecnn mt c namn ncnomnnm rnany 1 Cpocnrt annacr, ro nerxo nomem, uro npnunna
crpecca cnnmxom ontmax nnn nenepno ntpannax pe]epenrnax rpynna. uro c +rnm enart, nt
yxe snaere.
Hexoropt +xcxypc n ncropnm name crpant. V nac ouent nerarnnnt anamnes c rouxn
spennx onnnx nme c nnemne pe]epennne n upesmepno mnpoxo pe]epenrno rpynnt. 3ro
cnxsano c nexamn cymecrnonannx arpapno crpant, n xoropo camtm crpamntm tn nonpoc uro
cocen cxaxyr?. 3arem ecxrnnernx rorannrapnoro pexnma Conercxoro Comsa, a ncem
rorannrapntm pexnmam ntrono pasnnnart n nmxx nmenno nnemnmm pe]epennnm, rax xax
nmn raxoro rnna onee ynpannxemt n nonepxent +]]exry ronnt. A ronna, xax nsnecrno,
ynpannxema n cxnonna x rax nastnaemomy cnnry pncxa. Ee nerxo n pocnrt no ranxn, n yenrt
n nsneuno amepnxancxo yrpose. Ho+romy mt c namn roxe nonyunnn coornercrnymmee
nacnecrno, xoropoe cosaer nam pncxn nontmenntm crpeccom ns-sa cnnmxom pacmnpenno n
sauacrym nenepno c]opmnponanno pe]epenrno rpynnt. Tax uro, ecnn nt roront uecrno
npnsnart, uro mnorne namn crpecct cnxsant c onenxamn n mnennxmn pyrnx nme, nam cronr
nopaorart na cyxennem name pe]epenrno rpynnt n nsannennem or annacra.

Houe+y? Heeepuoe omuoueuue u cumyauuu

Ony n ry xe cnryannm pasnte nmn nocnpnnnmamr conepmenno no-pasnomy: nx onnx
+ro crpecc, nx pyrnx ecnnarnt rpennnr. Onn nnnr n nonnsne neuro nmontrnoe, pyro
neuro onacnoe. Ouent naxntm penenrom npeoxpanennx cex or crpeccopon xnnxercx ymenne
ynpannxrt cocrnenntm nocnpnxrnem ecrnnrentnocrn, cocrnenno rouxo spennx na
nponcxoxmne noxpyr cotrnx n nme.

Haoeroa, paooma e oocmamo:uo oopoeo+ +eoe.iuo+ ca.oue
npooaeo+-ousauepo+, ucnimiea.a cmpecc us-sa vcmauoeru: Mou r.ueumi
eopasoo oo.ee ooeamie u vcneuuie .mou, :e+ . Kar +oev veepeuuo eecmu
ceo c uu+u, coeemoeami u+ :mo-mo?. Ecmecmeeuuo, omo +eua.o ee paoome u
nopmu.o uacmpoeuue oua ucnimiea.a nocmouui cmpecc. Cuusumi cmpecc,
a same+ u eoece nepecmami eocnpuuu+ami cumvaum rar cmpeccoevm e
no+oe.a c.eovmua vcmauoera: mi ue rourvpupveui c r.ueuma+u ua ux no.e
mi oaeui u+ coeemi u oouaeuic c uu+u no mo me+amure, e romopo mi
eopasoo npoqeccuoua.iuee u onimuee, :e+ ouu. B roue rouoe e voa.oci
noeepumi, :mo v rarooeo coocmeeuua soua ro+nemeumuocmu u vcneuuocmu
u ue cmoum nimamic cpaeuueami ceo c opveu+u eue omo soui.
oeo.iuo :acmo v .moe, paoomamuux e armueuix npooarax, cosoaem
cmpecc cumvau, romopvm ouu eocnpuuu+amm, rar uaesieamic. Hui+u
c.oea+u, seouor u.u eusum c npeo.oreuue+ raroi pas, ocooeuuo ec.u ou
sarau:ueaemc omraso+ co cmopoui nomeuua.iuoeo r.ueuma, npueooum r
cmpeccoeo+v cocmouum. Oouu+ us onmu+a.iuix cnocoooe cumu cmpeccopa
e.emc ucno.isoeauue npue+a noo uaseauue+ peqpe+uue.
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Peqpe+uue npomue cmpecca

Mnorne ns nac xnnxmrcx sanoxnnxamn onpeenenntx crepeornnon, xoropte uacro peantno
memamr nam n paore n antnemem pasnnrnn. Hanpnmep, mt nocnpnnnmaem ononnnrentnym
narpysxy npocro xax ymentmenne cnoonoro npemenn, cnoxnoe oyuenne xax upesmepnte
ycnnnx, naroapx xoroptm moxno tno t ontme sapaorart ceuac, cnoxnoro xnnenra nnn
npocro uenonexa n omennn xax ncrounnx nepnorpenxn. Ha camom ene na nce +ro moxno n
nyxno cmorpert no-pyromy. H xaxt ns nac moxer nomout cee cam, nsxn na noopyxenne
npnntuxy no ncex ne camtx npnxrntx nx cex n sauacrym crpeccontx cnryannxx ncnontsonart
pe]pemnnr.
anare ncnomnnm na nonxrnx pasneunx n mnnon. Co cnonom pasneunx cpasy
acconnnpymrcx cnona nonnr, onecrnt, cment n omem, HAB. A mnnon
nont, rnycnt, xnrpt, on ntnmxnnaer n omem, BPAXECKHH. Ecnn xe mt
oparnmcx x ronxonomy cnonapm, ro ynnnm, uro n ror n pyro sannmamrcx copom
nn]opmannn o npare n nontsy npornnononoxno cropont, uacro enax +ro n rtny npara. Tax n
uem xe pasnnna? B nocnpnxrnn.

Hrax, peqpenunnr +ro cnennantnt npnem, xoropt nosnonxer
nsmennrt rouxy spennx uenonexa na nnym, nnora npornnononoxnym. uame
ncero +ror npnem ynomnnaercx n pamxax HHH (neponnnrnncrnuecxoro
nporpammnponannx), nponcxonr or cnona frame pamxa (nsmenenne pamxn
nocnpnxrnx). Eme o HHH +ror npnem cymecrnonan n ncnxonornn n
ncnxoxoppexnnn, raxxe mnoro ecxrnnern on cymecrnonan n try.
Pe]pemnnr nn n xoem cnyuae ne nopasymenaer omana n acypa, on onxen
ocymecrnnxrtcx rontxo n pamxax conmennx ncrnnt n aexnarnocrn xaprnnt
mnpa uenonexa.

Hpaxrnuecxn npnem pe]pemnnra moxer npnmenxrt necxontxnmn cnocoamn.
1. Harn n cnryannn pyrym cropony, onee nosnrnnnym.
Hanpnmep, npoxox rpennnr n re nn, xora mornn t npoart ontme n ontme
sapaorart, nmn ymamr: Bmecro roro urot sapaartnart, mt rparnm npemx na oyuenne.
Pe]pemnnr: To, uemy mt nayunmcx, nosnonnr nam n antnemem ontme sapaartnart.
pyro npnmep: Ceuac mt nnepxem nonte rexnonornn, n +ro rpeyer mnoro npemenn.
Pe]pemnnr: Mt ceuac oecneunnaem cee ontmo npemenno ntnrptm na yymee.
2. Ormernn nerarnn, mt noxastnaem ntroy, ncnontsyx coms 3ATO.
Conepmnn omnxy, 3ATO renept rouno snaemt, uero ne cronr enart n yymem.
ecrnnrentno, ceuac ouent nanpxxennax paora, 3ATO ona nosnonnr ntnonnnrt nnan.
Henpnxrnt n omennn uenonex, 3ATO ymnt n y nero mnoromy moxno nayunrtcx.
3. Hocranonxa n ntront n npannntnt n anno cnryannn px cpannennx.
ecrnnrentno, mnoro paort, no y Bacn eme ontme.
a, rparnmt mnoro npemenn na +ro saanne, no net, ncnomnn, na mecxna nasa npemenn
yxonno n nonropa pasa ontme, uem ceuac.
uro nyume nonyunrt peantnte nepcnexrnnt nnn npocro nectrounte oemannx? (B
cnryannn, xora corpynnx nacrannaer na rex oemannxx, xoropte pyxononrent npocro ne
moxer art.)

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cen, oc1nut nenn
87
Pe]pemnnr xopomo nomoraer n n uacrno xnsnn: nam peenox nmecre co ncemn nporynxn
ypox, moxno ynnert n +rom rontxo xanarnoe ornomenne x yuee, a moxno eme n uyncrno
xonnexrnnnsma, n roronnocrt x pncxam. Mt nn n xoem cnyuae ne npnstnaem x naxnponxe
ecrnnrentnocrn, a rontxo x romy, urot nnert camnm n noxastnart cnonm corpynnxam
cnryannm ncecroponne. B nepnym ouepet cronr pyxonocrnonartcx raxnm resncom: Tam, re
onn nnxr nponemt, pyrne naxoxr nosmoxnocrn. 3ro ecrnnrentno rax. Moxno ncnomnnrt
nsnecrnym axy o rom, xax oynnax ]npma nanpannna nyx cnonx npecrannrene n pasnte
pernont A]pnxn. uepes neenm npnxoxr na coomennx. Onn npecrannrent nnmer: Bce
nponano, nsneca ne yer, noromy uro nce xoxr ocnxom. pyro npn rex xe ocroxrentcrnax
coomaer: Hpexpacnte nepcnexrnnt, xonxypenron ner, rax uro mt yem nepntmn, xro oyer
+ry crpany. B peantno xnsnn nponcxonr ro xe camoe.
Hpnneem necxontxo npnmepon.

V pvroeooume. +uoeo uoeu:roe. Oouu paccvroaem: Bore, cro.iro
epe+euu npuoemc ua uux nompamumi, a opveo: Moruo eipacmumi
.o.iuix compvouuroe, rar eoeopumc, noo ceo.

Homeuua.iui r.ueum paoomaem c rourvpeuma+u. Moruo paccvoumi,
:mo ou oecnepcnermueeu, a +oruo crasami, :mo v ueeo vre cqop+upoeaua
nompeouocmi, mar :mo ocmaemc mo.iro voeoumi paoomami c ua+u.

B ro..ermuee noeu.c ueqop+a.iui .uoep. Moruo veuoemi e ue+ ceoeeo
nomeuua.iuoeo no+ouuura u coe.ami ece, :mooi ou u+ cma., a +oruo
omuocumic ue ue+v rar r rourvpeumv, vcvevo. rouq.urm.

Hpucvmcmev ua uevoa:uo+ mpeuuuee (coeeuauuu, npeseumauu) +oruo
eocnpuuu+ami eeo rar vpor ceoe :mo ue uaoo oe.ami, qurcupoeami ouuoru u
opami ua eoopvreuue. A +oruo npocmo cora.emi o uanpacuo nompa:euuo+
epe+euu.

Taxnm opasom, xaxt moxer ynnert nponemy, a moxer ynnert n nosmoxnocrt. Kax n
mnorne xommynnxarnnnte rexnnxn, pe]pemnnr rpeyer n nepnym ouepet rpennponxn, no+romy
mt npenaraem nam camocroxrentno cenart pe]pemnnr necxontxnx crpeccontx nnn npocro
nenpnxrntx cnryann, c xoroptmn nt cranxnnannct pantme nnn moxere cronxnyrtcx n yymem.
B xonne +roro neontmoro pasena mt npenoxnm necxontxo cnonx napnanron pe]pemnnra
rnnontx crpeccopon.
Pe]pemnnr moxer crart ne rontxo nncrpymenrom camomornnannn, no n nncrpymenrom
noncxa pemenn, xoropte nosnonxr nsmennrt xnsnt x nyumemy. anare paccmorpnm necxontxo
npnmepon.

Muoeo epe+euu npuxooumc npoeooumi e oopoee, e ca+o.emax, aoponopmax,
e sa.ax oruoauu. Jmo uenpumuo, u us+euumi rapouua.iuo cumvaum marre
ue npeocmae.emc eos+orui+. Umo nosumueuoeo +oruo uamu e omo+?
Hanpu+ep, sua:ume.iua :acmi omo ruueu uanucaua u+euuo e oopoee. Mi
suae+ u mex, rmo, eiuvroeuui +uoeo epe+euu npoeooumi e npoorax,
cvuecmeeuuo noeicu. vpoeeui e.aoeuu uuocmpauui+ siro+, c.vua
oov:amuue rvpci.
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Besvc.oeua ueooxoou+ocmi +uoeo eoeopumi e cesu c xaparmepo+ paoomi
(npenooaeauue) npuee.a r +ic.u o nocmauoere eo.oca, :mo ueoouorpamuo
npueoou.oci u e opveux rusueuuix cumvaux.

Cumvau rpusuca, romopvm onmi-maru rapouua.iuo us+euumi
ueeos+oruo, npuee.a uac r cosoauum poa npoovrmoe, romopie enoc.eocmeuu
noseo.u.u pasuooopasumi paoomv.

Mt moxem ronopnrt o nyx pasntx napnanrax npnmenennx pe]pemnnra:
1. o peantnom noncxe nosnrnnntx ntnrptme n nerarnnno cnryannn;
2. o nsmenennn cnoero ornomennx x ne n cnxrnn raxnm opasom crpecca.

Hpnuepm peqpenunnra
1. Fontmax narpysxa.
uem ontme sanxr, rem ontme ycnenaemt.
Vunmtcx nyume nennrt ortx.
Vunmtcx nyume nnannponart cnoe npemx.
Ecnn raxax sarpysxa xnnenne npemennoe, ro moxno ymart o rom, uro norom, nocne roro
xax ntnonnnre ontmym paory ceuac, yer nerue.
Fontme sarpysxa ontme sapaorox (nx rex, y xoro centnax onnara).
Fontme narpysxa ontme rpennponxa, tcrpee nontmaercx npo]eccnonantnt yponent.
Moxno cpannnrt c xem-ro, y xoro sarpysxa ontme.

2. Tpynt uenonex, c xoroptm npnxonrcx paorart.
Tpennnr npo]eccnonannsma, xonxperntx nantxon.
Tpynte nmn uacro norom cranonxrcx onee noxntntmn, uem re, xro nsnauantno tn n
nosnrnne.
Vpox na yymee.
Bocnnranne repnnmocrn, uro npnronrcx n xnsnn noome.
Ha camom ene nx ne rax n mnoro.
Moxno noxanert, noromy uro rpynte nmn xax npannno, nmn c xomnnexcamn nnn
nponemamn.
Moxno narn uro-ro saannoe n cnryannn.
Haxonen ecrt uem noxnacrartcx nepe xonneramn.
Tpyntx xnnenron otuno onepxmr rontxo ontrntm, snaunr, nac nenxr.

3. Heoxonmocrt uacrtx xomannponox.
Hyremecrnnx.
Pasnoopasne.
Fontme nosmoxnocre sapaorxa.
B opore moxno cenart mnoroe, na uro ne xnaraer npemenn (nanpnmep, nounrart,
nocmorpert xnno n r. .).
Mnoro snaxomcrn.
Becenoe npemxnponoxenne c xnnenramn.
Bosmoxnocrt ycrponrt nnunym xnsnt.
Oroxnyrt or omamnnx oxsannocre.
un1pnn Bonoroen, Cne1nana Bnanunponna Hnanona: Anunan +qqex1nnnoc1t na 100%: Cpocn1t annac1, nan1n
cen, oc1nut nenn
89
nx xenmnn ne sannmartcx xosxcrnom.

4. Ouent oranennt pesyntrar paort.
3aro ecrt mnoro nosmoxnocre ncnpannrt, ecnn uro-ro nomno ne rax.
Mnoro npemenn na conepmencrnonanne cnoe paort.
Ecnn raxnx saau necxontxo, ro nce panno pesyntrart yyr perynxpno.
Ecrt nosmoxnocrn nonyuennx n xonrponx npomexyrountx pesyntraron.

5. Mnoro neontrntx xonner, nonnuxon, xoropte uacro ornnexamr nonpocamn, na nnx
npnxonrcx rparnrt npemx, xorx onn n ne xnnxmrcx nounnenntmn.
3ro npexpacnt ontr nx yymero pyxononrenx.
3ro npexpacnt ontr nx nacroxmero nnn yymero ponrenx (rax xax ere nao ncemy
nayunrt n nocroxnno orneuart na nonpoct).
Pas opamamrcx, snaunr, nenxr n ynaxamr.
Pyxononrent yer naroapen nam sa ro, uro nt ntnonnxere uacrt ero paort.
Cocrnennt PR raxne momenrt uacro onennnamrcx npn pemennxx o nponnxennxx nnn
nxnmuennn n xapont pesepn.

6. Paora cpen nme, ontmnncrno ns xoroptx snaunrentno ontrnee, xomnerenrnee.
Ecrt y xoro nayunrtcx.
Fecnnarnt rpennnr.
Bosmoxnocrt npoemoncrpnponart ntcoxn yponent oyuaemocrn.
Bcera rpennponxa n onee cnntno xomane aer ontme.
Btson camomy cee cmory nn x?

7. Her xaptepnoro pocra.
Mentme onxnocrt mentme ornercrnennocrn.
Pyxononrenm npnxonrcx sanncert or pyrnx, n ro npemx xax nt camn cee ronona.
Pyxononrenm uacro npnxonrcx ontme paorart (no npemenn).
Pyxononrent y]ep mexy nounnenntmn n ntcmnm pyxonocrnom.
Pyxononrenxm ncera npnxonrcx pasnpart nce camte cnoxnte xon]nnxrt n nponemt.
Pyxononrenm uacro npnxonrcx ropaso ontme enart orueron, nnanon n r. n.

8. uacrte nsmenennx.
uopmnpyer rnxocrt n xpearnnnocrt.
Paora ontme ne naoecr.
Hpn nsmenennxx nerue npoxnnrt cex.
Hpn nsmenennxx nerue ncero npoemoncrpnponart noxntnocrt.
Hsmenennx moryr anart ononnnrentnte ntrot n nosmoxnocrn.
Kaptepa uacro enaercx nmenno n cnryannxx nsmenenn (Hanoneon Fonanapr: Kaptept
uame ncero enamrcx na nepeontx).

9. Heoxonmo rparnrt mnoro npemenn, n rom uncne n nnunoro, na cnoe oyuenne.
Hnxora ne snaemt, uro moxer npnronrtcx n yymem.
3ro rnon nnnecrnnnn n cocrnennym neny na ptnxe rpya n yymem (neny moxno
samennrt na xaptepy nnn uro-ro pyroe n coornercrnnn c xapro mornnaropon corpynnxa).
Knann]nxannx rnannt xpnrepn pocra n onenxn pyxonocrnom.
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Hayunnmnct yunrtcx ceuac, rt ropaso nerue n tcrpee cmoxemt +ro enart n yymem.
Paora moxer crart onee nnrepecno n pasnoopasno, ecnn rt yemt ncnontsonart
mnoro pasntx meroon.

10. Tpeonarentnt pyxononrent.
Cxopee nayunmtcx.
Touno yemt snart, uro enart.
Touno yemt ynepen, uro noxnana ecrnnrentno sacnyxena.
Tpeyer ne rontxo c rex, rax uro onxartcx ne na uro.
3aro nce nonxrno n uerxo.
3aro pesyntrart xopomne.

Houe+y? Heyeepeuuocmo uuu ueuo+nemeumuocmo e cumyauuu

Eme ono pacnpocrpanenno npnunno crpecca xnnxercx neynepennocrt nnn
nexomnerenrnocrt (oexrnnnax) uenonexa n onpeenenno cnryannn.
3ect mt axe ne yem rparnrt npemx na paccyxenne, a npocro paccmorpnm anropnrm
ecrnn.
Hpnsnart ]axr.
Onpeennrt sony cnoe nexomnerenrnocrn.
Hayunrtcx npnopecrn ynepennt ycrounnt nantx n c]epe, xoropax ntstnaer crpecc
(nayunrtcx ntcrynart nynnuno, tcrpo anannsnponart nn]opmannm, nonrt mamnny n r. .).
Homnnrt o rom, uro c onoro pasa nayunrtcx n necrn cex ynepenno, n nnnxnyrt n
conepmenno nonym onacrt exrentnocrn nenosmoxno, nao rpennponartcx, xenarentno n
ornocnrentno esonacntx cnryannxx.
Ha nepnoe npemx maxcnmantno nocrpaxonartcx (mnapranxn, sanncn, sanacno marepnan,
npoymart napnanrt xpacnnoro ntxoa ns cnoxntx nnn cnopntx cnryann).
Hocne roro xax nouyncrnyemt cex ynepenno, orxasartcx or nonopox n ornpannxrtcx n
cnoonoe nnananne.

anare nonpoyem npnmennrt +ror anropnrm na cneymmnx npnmepax (nocraparect
uerxo c]opmynnponart, uro neoxonmo cenart, urot cnxrt crpecc).

1. He mar oaeuo uasua:euui pvroeooume.i ueveepeuuo :vecmevem ceo u
ucnimieaem cmpecc, v:acmev e npoecce oocvroeuu ousuec-n.aua c oo.ee
onimui+u ro..eea+u, romopie ua omo+, :mo uasieaemc, cooarv ce.u.

2. Heooxoou+ocmi enepeie ucrami paoomv u npoxooumi uumepeim npu
npue+e eisieaem cmpecc v ueoaeuo sarou:ueueeo uucmumvm +o.oooeo
cneua.ucma.

3. Heoaeuo eio sa+vr u eomoeci r npue+v earuix eocme, +o.ooa
reuuuua ucnimieaem cmpax u ueveepeuuocmi e mo+, :mo ece npooem mar,
rar uaoo.

Houe+y? Boasuo ueyauu, ouuuu

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cen, oc1nut nenn
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Mnorne cnennanncrt, paorammne no nnemnem n nnyrpennem pexpyrmenre, sameuamr, uro
nexoropte xannart, ycnemno npomemne nnrepntm c nnmn, neyauno npoxoxr nnrepntm c
norennnantntm nnn ntmecroxmnm pyxononrenem. Kax npannno, +ro cnxsano co crpaxom
onycrnrt omnxy n cnryannn ntcoxo nent nonpoca. Onnm ns npnemon, xoropt nomoraer
uenonexy ntrn ns +roro cocroxnnx, xnnxercx cneymmee yrnepxenne: Hentsx norepxrt ro,
uero nt ne nmenn. V nac ner n ne tno +ro paort, snaunr, nt moxere ntnrpart, no ne moxere
nponrpart. Taxax ycranonxa, ecnn uenonex npnnoxnr nexoropte ycnnnx, urot ee ncxpenne
npnnxrt, ecrnnrentno nomoxer emy onee ynepenno uyncrnonart cex.
Foxsnt omnxn, neyaun ouent xapaxrepna nx rax nastnaemtx nep]exnnonncron (nme,
nx xoroptx naxno enart nce ne menee uem na nxrt c nnmcom). uacro +ro ornercrnennte nmn,
xopomne paornnxn, ouent nopxounte n menernntnte n nnuntx nsanmoornomennxx. Tem
onnee, uro onn repnxr neyauy, xoropax ntsnana crpeccontm cocroxnnem n moxer crart
ncrounnxom ceptesntx nepexnnann.
Ecnn nt, namn nnsxne nnn xonnern ornocxrcx x raxomy rnnaxy n crpecconoe cocroxnne
uacro ntsnano nmenno oxsntm omnxn nnn neyaun, ro anare ocynm npnemt, xoropte
nomoryr mnnnmnsnponart norepn.
1. Onpeennre nx cex neny nonpoca. Bosmoxno, ona ne cront ntcoxa. Ecnn nena nonpoca
ne ntcoxa, ro nesauem n nonnonartcx. B +rom cnyuae nce ocrantnte marn nam ne nyxnt.
2. Hanre xax mnnnmym nxrt npnunn, nouemy nt onxnt onrtcx ycnexa.
3. 3apanee npoanannsnpyre nosmoxnte cnoxnocrn n pncxn, xoropte moryr npnnecrn x
omnxam nnn neyaue, n camocroxrentno nnn c nomomtm xoro-ro ns cnoero oxpyxennx
nororontre crpaxonxy or +rnx pncxon nnn omnox.
4. Ocymecrnnre cnenapnt noxo x cnryannn paccunrare nx cex rnnt cnenapnx:
onrnmncrnunt, peanncrnunt, neccnmncrnunt. Hororontre nnan ecrnn nx xaxoro ns
cnenapnen.
5. Henocpecrnenno nepe nyramme nac cnryanne nocraparect norn n pecypcnoe
cocroxnne.

Pecypcnoe coc1onnne +ro cocroxnne, n xoropom uenonex ynepen n cee,
xopomo cex uyncrnyer ]nsnuecxn n ncnxonornuecxn, oxptnen uro-ro rnna
Bnxy nent, nepm n cex, ne nnxy npenxrcrnn.

Hanepnxxa y nac raxoe cocroxnne tno, n ne pas, n npnnxsxe x pasntm cnryannxm (+rn
cnryannn moryr trt cnxsant c paoro, a moryr trt n uncro nnunocrntmn nanpnmep,
ynepennocrt n cnoe neorpasnmocrn nepe naxntm cnnannem). Ontr mnornx ycnemntx nme
ronopnr o rom, uro raxoe cocroxnne moxno ne xart xax y mopx norot, a cosnarentno ntstnart
y cex nepe cnoxntmn n snaunmtmn cnryannxmn. urot nayunrtcx ntstnart y cex pecypcnoe
cocroxnne, neoxonmt na ycnonnx nepnrt n ro, uro +ro nosmoxno (nsnauantnt cxencnc
cnonr nepoxrnocrt ycnemnocrn camonacrpox npaxrnuecxn x nynm), n rpennponartcx. C nepnoro
pasa nxo n pecypcnoe cocroxnne no cocrnennomy xenannm mano y xoro nonyuaercx. Cama
rexnonornx nxoa n pecypcnoe cocroxnne raxona: nam neoxonmo ncnomnnrt o ycnexe,
maxcnmantno nosnrnnnom cocroxnnn n cnryannn, cxono c ro, n xoropo nt nnannpyere
oxasartcx. Bcnomnnn +ry cnryannm, maxcnmantno norpysnrect n nee na 35 mnnyr, sanxn yonoe
nonoxenne. Ecnn nt nnsyan, ro nocraparect npecrannrt cee maxcnmantno nopono n
xpacouno spnrentnte opast, ecnn xnnecrernx uyncrna, omymennx, sanaxn, nonoxenne n
npocrpancrne n r. . Hoytre n +rom nosnrnnnom cocroxnnn necxontxo mnnyr. Hocraparect
saxpennrt ero n coxpannrt na nnxamee npemx. Hacrporect na ro, uro nepnte npnsnaxn ycnexa
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92
onxnt nac mornnnponart, uro nastnaercx, saxeut.

Hrax, mt c namn cmornn ocynrt nanonee nepoxrnte npnunnt noxnnennx crpecca n
namem nocnpnxrnn n ro, xax nx moxno nerpannsonart.



oponontnoe ouamnee saanne
Hpoanannsnpyre, uem ntsnano nosnnxnonenne crpeccon na paore n n
xnsnn n npnmennre nncrpymenrt, xoropte mt ocynnn ntme. Fyem
peanncramn. anexo ne ncera yaercx xapnnantno nsmennrt cnoe nocnpnxrne n
ornomenne x crpeccy. B +rom cnyuae nam moxer nomout rpennponxa.

Kau mpeuupoeamoca, umom nepecmamo ucnmmmeamo cmpecc?

Kax nsnecrno, nnpyc n mano ose cranonnrcx npnnnnxo n moxer npeornparnrt rxxenym
onesnt. Hpaxrnuecxn ncem nam nexora enann npnnnnxn, n, xax nomnnre, nerxoe neomoranne
nce-raxn tno, or +roro nnxya ne ertcx. Inannoe, urot ono ocrananoct nerxnm, a ne nepepocno
n ceptesnoe saonenanne.

Heua poc.a oo+auuu+ peoeuro+ u e +.aouux u cpeouux r.accax uro.i
ucnimiea.a cepiesuie c.oruocmu e ooueuuu co ceepcmuura+u u eoooue c
uesuaro+i+u .moi+u. Tara cumvau eocnpuuu+a.aci rar cmpeccoea. Hem e
nmuaoami Heua peuu.a, :mo e ueooxoou+o us+euumic: cmami oo.ee
ro++vuuraoe.iuo, pacroeauuo e ooueuuu, uav:umic oicmpo vcmauae.ueami
roumarm c uesuaro+i+u u.u +a.osuaro+i+u .moi+u. H es.a ceoe sa npaeu.o
ue +euiue mpex pas e oeui oopauamic c raru+-mo eonpoco+ r uesuaro+i+
.mo+ ua v.ue. Eue oua cma.a ucno.isoeami ece noeooi oopamumic e J3
u.u rarue-mo opveue c.vroi o. peueuu mex u.u uuix oimoeix eonpocoe.
Cua:a.a Heua ucnimiea.a ooeo.iuo cu.iui cmpecc npu raroo+ roumarme c
uesuaro+i+u .moi+u, ocooeuuo roeoa npuxoou.oci oouamic o.ume.iuoe
epe+ u ue npocmo vsuami :mo-mo, a paspeuami npoo.e+i. Oouaro :epes napv
+ecee Heua sa+emu.a, :mo nparmu:ecru nepecma.a ucnimieami cmpecc u
cma.a eopasoo vcneuuee oooueamic pesv.imamoe. Eue :epes napv +ecee
cmpecc uc:es. H oo.iue vre ue noe..c.

Cnoco, xoropt mt sect onncann (+ro peantnt npnmep, xora uenonex nnocnecrnnn
cran ouent ycnemntm xommynnxaropom), xnnxercx onnm ns camtx +]]exrnnntx cpecrn
ycrpanennx crpeccopa. Hanpnmep, n onom ns xyoxecrnenntx ]nntmon noxasano, xax n CBA
nponoxr paory c nmtmn, crpaammnmn a+po]one. uenonex, xenammn nsannrtcx or +roro
crpeccopa, nomemaercx n moent camonera, croxmero na semne. A antme nmnrnpyercx nce ro, c
uem naccaxnpt cranxnnamrcx npn peantnom nsnere, coomennx, emoncrpannx cnacarentnoro
oopyonannx, nmnrannx nnxennx no nsnernomy nonm, camoro noema n nosyx. Houepxnem,
uro nmenno nmnrannx. uenonex n nmo momenr moxer npepnart nponecc, ntrn ns nero, ecnn
crpecc cran necrepnnmtm. H +ror momenr ouent naxen: n nnom cnyuae nosnnxner nnn cnntnoe
orpnnarentnoe xxopenne, nnn nerarnnnte nocnecrnnx nx ymennoro n ]nsnuecxoro sopontx.
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Ecnn mt rpannnonno ntneem npaxrnuecxn anropnrm rpennponxn crpeccoycrounnocrn,
on nonyunrcx cneymmnm.
1. Onpeennre rnn cnryann, xoropte xnnxmrcx crpeccontmn.
2. Btennre n +rnx cnryannxx xonxpernte ]axropt, xoropte nanonee cnntno nnnxmr na
omymenne crpecca.
3. Hanre cnryannn, n xoroptx: a) npncyrcrnymr re xe ]axropt crpecca, no menee
ntpaxenno; ) nt cmoxere npexparnrt cnryannm no cnoe nnnnnarnne n nmo momenr, xora
crpecc craner cnnmxom cnntntm, es xaxnx-ro cymecrnenntx pncxon n norept (ncnomnnm
npnmep c camonerom: ntrn ns peantno nerxmero camonera nentsx, a nor ns mynxxa moxno).
4. Hocne roro xax nt notnann n raxo cnryannn, onennre, nacxontxo npnemnem yponent
crpecca (ne tno nn xpnrnuecxnx npnsnaxon yrpost nx ymennoro nnn ]nsnuecxoro sopontx).
Kcrarn, o npnsnaxax npnemnemocrn yponnx crpecca c mennnncxo rouxn spennx nt cmoxere
npounrart n xonne rnant.
5. are cee nosnrnnnoe noxpennenne nx cosannx nonoxnrentnoro xxopx n
camomornnannn. Hanpnmep, moxno noanonart cex uem-nnyt, uro nt ne rax yx uacro cee
nosnonxere.
6. Ecnn n n. 4 nt onennnn yponent crpecca xax npnemnemt, ro cnnannpyre nx cex
cneymmne marn no rpennponxe n ananornuntx cnryannxx. Ecnn yponent tn cnnmxom
ntcoxnm, nonnstre ero.
7. Honropxre cno ontr, xaxt pas anax cee nosnrnnnoe noxpennenne n nocrenenno
napamnnax yponent cnoxnocrn cnryann.
8. Kax rontxo nt nouyncrnonann, uro ontme ne ncntrtnaere crpecca nnn crpecc cran
ouent cnatm, moxere nospannrt cex c noeo n ne oxrtcx oxasartcx n peantntx crpeccontx
cnryannxx.



C1pecc ec1t, no ec1t n nmxo, nnn Kax c1a1t problem solver

anare yem uecrnt c coo: xaxoe-ro xonnuecrno crpeccontx cnryann n name xnsnn
nce panno ocranercx, axe npn ycnemno paore na coo. Tax uro xe enart? B raxnx
cnryannxx ouent naxno crart, xax ronopxr, problem solver. Kro +ro? Horonopnm o +rom nnxe.

He uory Hnuero ne uory

K coxanennm, tnaer, uro nce, o uem mt ronopnnn ntme, ne nomoraer. uenonex ncntrtnaer
cront cnntnt crpecc, uro crpaaer ero ]nsnuecxoe n mopantnoe soponte. He nonyuaercx
nsannrtcx or nero, axe nocroxnno rpennpyxct, axe paorax co cnonm nocnpnxrnem. Taxax
cnryannx upenara nerarnnntmn nocnecrnnxmn xax nx cocrnennoro sopontx, rax n nx
nsanmoornomenn c nnsxnmn n xonneramn.
Hepnoe, uro nyxno cenart, +ro npnsnart ]axr. B nem ner aconmrno nnuero nocrtnoro: y
ncex pasnte cnoconocrn, saro pyroe nt enaere onee ycnemno, uem ocrantnte.
Bropoe onpeennrt c]epy n paore nnn nnuno xnsnn, n xoropo annt rnn crpecca
orcyrcrnyer. anee cronr cocrannrt nx cex xonxpernt nnan ecrnn: nno cmeny paort,
nno ocnoenne nono npo]eccnn, nno nsmenennx n nnuno xnsnn.
Paccmorpnm +ror npocro anropnrm ecrnn na necxontxnx npnmepax.

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Maua paooma.a onepauouucmo+ qpoum-.uuuu oaura. Ee paooma c
oorv+euma+u u uqpa+u eceeoa oi.a eiue ecrux noxea., omuoueuu e
ro..ermuee u no+oui ro..eea+ more. Oouaro cmpecc v Mauu eisiea.a
paooma co c.orui+u u.u rouq.urmui+u r.ueuma+u. Hu paooma c
eocnpumue+, uu no+oui pvroeooume. ue npuee.u r ouvmu+i+ pesv.imama+:
xom ro.u:ecmeo c.v:aee ueooeo.icmea r.ueumoe cvuecmeeuuo v+euiuu.oci,
uo Maua npooo.ra.a ucnimieami cu.iui cmpecc, paccmpauea.aci u ue
o:eui xopouo :vecmeoea.a ceo qusu:ecru. B umoee ee nepeee.u ua paoomv e
oor-oquc (c.vrov noooeprru), eoe ooueuue co c.orui+u r.ueuma+u oi.o
ucr.m:euo. B pesv.imame nperpacuie pesv.imami u xopouee uacmpoeuue oes
cmpecca.

Aumou, ovov:u e npou.o+ xopouu+ uureuepo+, vcmpou.c ua oo.ruocmi
uureuepa no npooara+ e ro+nauum, pea.usvmuvm c.oruoe mexuu:ecroe
ooopvooeauue. Oouaro npu ueooxoou+ocmu eecmu armueui noucr u nepeu:uoe
npue.e:euue r.ueumoe ou ucnimiea. nocmouui cmpecc. B umoee ou
npeo.oru. pvroeooume.m nepeeecmu eeo ua paoomv no npooeureuum vc.ve no
ooc.vrueauum vre npooauuoeo ooopvooeauu u npooare pacxoouix
+amepua.oe. Hpeo.oreuue oi.o npuumo, u Aumou npooo.ru. vcneuuo
paoomami.

A eom npu+ep moeo, rar +oruo ca+o+v ceo eoeuami e cmpecc e pa+rax
omoixa u.u xooou. Jmom npu+ep oi. cesau c eipareuuo eueuue
peqepeuue :e.oeera. B rpvev Auu +oouo ramamic ua eopuix .irax. H
:mooi ue omcmami om opveux, oua cma.a oe.ami mo re ca+oe. V uee n.oxo
no.v:a.oci, omo ue oocmae..o e uuraroeo vooeo.icmeu, uo oua sacmae..a
ceo. To.iro no.v:euua mpae+a noovou.a ee npusuami, :mo omom oocve ue o.
uee. B umoee oua usopa.a ceoe opveoe xooou, romopoe vre oocmae..o e
vooeo.icmeue, qomoeuoeoce+rv c noc.eovmuu+ cosoauue+ qu.i+oe o mex
+ecmax, eoe oua npoeoou.a omnvcr. Kcmamu, +uoeux ee opvse omo eocxuua.o
eopasoo oo.iue, :e+ ee uev+e.oe ramauue ua .irax.


Honox npomexyrounte nrorn (npomexyrounte, noromy uro nnxe mt
nopono ocynm, xax ]opmnponart nantxn pemennx nponem), moxno
cxasart, uro n nontmennn cocrnenno crpeccoycrounnocrn ecrt rpn +rana (n
rpn noxoa):

1) nsmennrt nocnpnxrne cnryannn (pasntmn meroamn);

2) narpennponart cex n nocrenenno cnnsnrt yponent crpecca;

3) npnsnart, uro +ror crpecc nam ne no nneuy, n orxasartcx or +roro nnacra
cnoe xnsnn nnn rnna paort.

Kax c1a1t problem solver, nnn Hcxycc1no paspemennn cnoanmx cn1yannn
un1pnn Bonoroen, Cne1nana Bnanunponna Hnanona: Anunan +qqex1nnnoc1t na 100%: Cpocn1t annac1, nan1n
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95

Hpocmie cumvauu paspeuumi +orem raroi, a eom
c.oruie more raroi, mo.iro ec.u o:eui saxo:em u rar
c.eovem nompeuupvemc e ux peueuuu.

Crpeccoycrounnocrt nnuro es ymennx na npaxrnxe pemart cnoxnte nponemt nnn
saaun. Kax nn crpanno, nepnoe, c uero nyxno nauart, urot crart problem solver (PS), +ro
orxasartcx or cnona nponema n nayunrtcx nepenonrt nponemt n saaun.
Ouent nnrepecno nnert peaxnnm nme npn npneme na paory n momenr, xora onn
ysnamr, uro naxancnx npenonaraer paory na nonom nanpannennn n uro nm npecronr
cronxnyrtcx c nenpennenntmn n cnoxntmn cnryannxmn. V onnx cpasy saropamrcx rnasa,
pyrne ornocxrcx nerpantno, a y rpertnx ryr xe nponaaer +nrysnasm. nx nepntx nponema
nnrepecnax saaua, pemenne xoropo cnococrnyer pasnnrnm cnoconocre, nx nocnennx
crpecc, xoroporo nyume t nsexart.

Huoa npuexa.a e Mocrev us ueoo.iuoeo eopooa e ua:a.e 1990-x. Oua
cooupa.aci uamu paoomv u nocmvnumi ua ee:epuee oov:euue. Mocroecru+
poocmeeuuura+, v romopix e nepeoe epe+ +oruo oi.o ocmauoeumic, oua
ees.a uecro.iro pocrouuix ron:euix pio, romopi+u c.aeu.c poouo eopoo
Huoi. Exami npeocmo.o c nepecaoro. Hpuoie e eopoo, eoe uaoo oi.o
nepecarueamic ua opveo noeso, oeevura oouapvru.a, :mo oeuee uem mo .u
oua ux nomep.a, mo .u ux vrpa.u, uo ou.em rvnumi ue ua :mo. Muoeue e omo
cumvauu pacmep.uci .uoo cma.u seouumi pooume.+ u npocumi ux cpo:uo
nepeeecmu oeuieu, uo Huoa nocmvnu.a no-opveo+v. Oua peuu.a ue seouumi
pooume.+, sua, :mo v +a+i noeiueuuoe oae.euue u e epeouo eo.uoeamic, a
sa 10 +uuvm cmouru noesoa uau.a npoeoouuv, romopa coe.acu.aci nocaoumi
ee e noeso sa oee pocrouuie piouui. Tar :mo pioi poocmeeuuura+ Huoa
npuees.a +euiue, uo ooopa.aci oo uux eoepe+ u ue eo.uv pooume.e.

3ry ncropnm paccxasana na nnrepntm yxe nnonne ycnemnax xenmnna n orner na xec: Bt
npnnerenn n pyro ropo na cynepnaxnym ncrpeuy, ntxonre ns camonera, o ncrpeun ncero uac.
H ryr nt onapyxnnaere, uro y nac nponan ymaxnnx. Bamn ecrnnx.
Eme ona sanxrnax ncropnx, xoropax tna onncana n xnnre Mornnannx na 100 %,
nnnmcrpnpyer ouent ocrpoymnoe pemenne, naennoe n cnoxno cnryannn (xorx n ne
crpeccono).

Vsuae ua mpeuuuee no mexuura+ ro++vuurauu u voeroeuu o npue+e
+emaqopu:ecroe e.uuue (+i o ue+ vre eoeopu.u), +o.ooa oeevura peuu.a
ucno.isoeami omom npue+ e .u:uo cqepe. Cumvau oi.a maroea: oua ru.a e
Hoo+ocroeie, paooma.a u v:u.aci ua ee:epue+ omoe.euuu uucmumvma e
Mocree. E :acmo npuxoou.oci nosouo ee:epo+ eosepauamic oo+o ua
o.ermpu:re. eevura npocu.a oma rvnumi e +auuuv, nocro.irv ca+a
sapaoamiea.a ueoocmamo:uo. Ome sau. npuuunua.iuvm nosuum: Koeoa
sapaoomaeui, moeoa ca+a ceoe u rvnuui. Hoc.e mpeuuuea oeevura cma.a
nepecrasieami omv sa+emru us rpu+uua.iuo xpouuru, eoe pe:i u.a o
uanaoeuux ua oeevuer u reuuuu, nosouo eosepauamuuxc ua o.ermpu:re.
Uepes oea +eca ome rvnu. e +auuuv, npu:e+ ovov:u aoco.mmuo veepeu,
Ofpepakfupoean u onynukoean ua cafe : PRESSI ( HERSON )
un1pnn Bonoroen, Cne1nana Bnanunponna Hnanona: Anunan +qqex1nnnoc1t na 100%: Cpocn1t annac1, nan1n
cen, oc1nut nenn
96
:mo ca+ npuu. maroe peueuue. Tar eom ocmpov+uo uaua eepouu paspeuu.a
c.oruvm o. uee cumvaum (oo omoeo +o+euma oua oro.o eooa npucmaea.a r
omv c npocioa+u uanp+vm), onpoooeae e cumvauu us .u:uo rusuu npue+,
ucno.isve+i npu npoeeoeuuu oe.oeix nepeeoeopoe.

Bce +rn npnmept nnnmcrpnpymr npnnnnn nepenoa nponemt n saauy, xoropax rpeyer
pemennx, a ne nepexnnann.



A renept c]opmynnpyem anropnrm PS

1. Maxcnmantno noracnrt +monnn n nepenecrn nponemy n saauy. Hpo
+monnn n crpecc nt yxe unrann, cronr raxxe nomnnrt o rom, uro ne pemaemtx n
npnnnnne nponem ner (sa ncxnmuennem rparnuecxnx cnryann n cmeprn).
Cneonarentno, nanonee naxnt mar x romy, urot crart PS, +ro nayunrtcx,
cronxnynmnct c nponemo, cpasy nauart ncxart orner na nonpoc uro
enart?. K coxanennm, ouent uacro nocnnranne n rpannnn ]oxycnpymr nac
na nonpocax Kro nnnonar? n Houemy +ro nponsomno?. K +rnm nonpocam
moxno nepnyrtcx norom, no nnmt nx roro urot npoanannsnponart
omnounte ecrnnx n cenart xoncrpyxrnnnte ntnot na yymee.
2. uerxo c]opmynnponart nponemy n ]opmare pesyntrara/nenn, r. e.
ornernrt na nonpoc uro nao cenart?. Xenarentno, urot pesyntrar tn
xonxperntm, nsmepnmtm n onpeenenntm no npemenn (xora pesyntrar
nosmoxno n nmeer cmtcn nonyuart).
3. Ecnn nent npecrannxercx ouent oemno nnn mnororpanno, pasennrt
ee na nosaaun. 3ro nosnonnr nam nrn x pemennm nocneonarentno, nnuero ne
ynycrnn.
4. Btpart rexnonornm noncxa antrepnarnn. 3ror momenr mt uyrt nosnee
ocynm nopono. Baxno nx nauana onpeennrtcx, re, nepoxrnee ncero,
nexnr pemenne n none xpearnna, necranaprnoro noxoa nnn n c]epe
pannonantno, re nyxen cncremnt ananns.
5. Born n pecypcnoe cocroxnne. Bosmoxno, npounran o nem n pasene,
nocnxmennom crpeccoycrounnocrn, nt yxe nonpoonann nxonrt n pecypcnoe
cocroxnne. Baxno nomnnrt, uro +ror nantx, xax n nmo pyro, rpeyer
nocroxnno rpennponxn n ne repnnr cxencnca.
6. Hcxart antrepnarnnt n pecypcnom cocroxnnn. Ha +rom +rane mt paoraem
no ntpanno namn meronxe. Ocnonnax nent narn maxcnmym pemenn.
Ouent mnornm npn noncxe antrepnarnn nomoraer nnsyannsannx. Ha nncre
ymarn pncymr nexne cxemt, crpenouxn, antrepnarnnt. Bosmoxno, nam yer
nerue ncxart pemennx, paccyxax ncnyx, opamaxct x xomy-ro, c xem moxno
ocynrt nponemy, nno npocro nporonopnrt c camnm coo. eno n rom, uro
uerxne ]opmynnponxn, ntcxasannte ncnyx, ncnnnnnnnpymr n noronxmr
mtcnn.
7. Anannsnponart antrepnarnnt n ntnpart ns nnx nanonee noxoxmne
napnanrt. Ha +rom +rane neoxonmo cpannnrt antrepnarnnt pyr c pyrom.
un1pnn Bonoroen, Cne1nana Bnanunponna Hnanona: Anunan +qqex1nnnoc1t na 100%: Cpocn1t annac1, nan1n
cen, oc1nut nenn
97
Taxxe naxno oymart neny nonpoca, r. e. nonxrt nacxontxo ntnrptm or
naennoro pemennx ontme xeprnt.
8. Bnepxrt pemenne. Tmarentno oymart raxrnxy n erann.
9. Anannsnponart pesyntrart. Hocne roro xax pemenne tno naeno n
nnepeno, nmeer cmtcn ocranonnrtcx na onenxe roro, uro nonyunnoct, nonxrt,
nacxontxo mt yonnernopent pesyntraramn.
10. Cenart ntnot na yymee. K coxanennm, ouent mano xro +ro enaer.
Hpnuem ecnn ]pasa na omnxax yuarcx eme xax-ro npnyuaer anannsnponart
omnounte pemennx, ro yx cno nosnrnnnt ontr nourn nnxro ne npnntx
ocmtcnnnart. A +ro ouent naxno, rax xax nmenno raxo ananns nosnonnr n
yymem, ne rparx npemenn n ycnnn na nont noncx n ananns pemenn, npocro
nonropnrt yxe onaxt ocrnrnyrt ycnex.

Hocne roro xax mt paccmorpenn cam anropnrm PS, ocranonnmcx na onom ns camtx naxntx
ero +ranon meroax noncxa pemenn.

Me1om noncxa ant1epna1nn n pemennn

Cpasy cxaxem, uro ncrpeuamrcx ne npnnnnnnantno pasnte cnryannn xora npemx ecrt n
xora npemenn ner. Haunem c onee npocroro npemx ecrt n moxno ncnontsonart nmte
napnanrt noncxa pemenn.

Auauumuuecuue +emom noucua peueuu

SWOT-ananns

Mnoro ner nponox rpennnrn, n xoroptx ncnontsyercx +ror mero, mt c ynnnennem
yennnct n rom, uro ontmnncrno nme, snax o SWOT-anannse, npnmenxmr ero nnn n pexnx
cnyuaxx (rontxo n nsnec-nnannponannn n mapxernnre), nno nenpannntno n neocrarouno. He
ncxnmueno, uro n nt, snax o +rom meroe, ne ncnontsyere nect ero pecypc.
Paccmorpnm SWOT-ananns c nyx rouex spennx xax mero noncxa pemenn no nnany
ecrnn n xax mero anannsa, cpannennx n ntopa antrepnarnn.
anare ncnomnnm crpyxrypy SWOT-anannsa:


Cnntnte n cnate cropont npenonaramr ocronncrna n neocrarxn no ornomennm x
Ofpepakfupoean u onynukoean ua cafe : PRESSI ( HERSON )
un1pnn Bonoroen, Cne1nana Bnanunponna Hnanona: Anunan +qqex1nnnoc1t na 100%: Cpocn1t annac1, nan1n
cen, oc1nut nenn
98
xonxperno cnryannn, a nosmoxnocrn n yrpost nnnxnne nnemne cpet n pasnnrne cnryannn n
yymem.


Paccmorpnm SWOT-ananns xax mero noncxa pemenn n ntopa antrepnarnn na ocrarouno
rnnnunom npnmepe (or mnornx npnxonnoct cntmart, uro, oxasanmnct n raxo cnryannn, onn
ncntrtnann ceptesnte sarpynennx).
Hpecrantre, uro nam npecronr crart pyxononrenem cnonx tnmnx xonner onoro c namn
yponnx, c xoroptmn nt paorann ox o ox. Taxo nepexo aercx nenpocro: nepexo nonomy
pyxononrenm ne yaercx sanoenart nnepcxne nosnnnn. Mt paccmorpnm SWOT-ananns
xonxpernoro uenonexa n noxaxem, xax n pesyntrare ero npnmenennx tno naeno necxontxo
pemenn nponemt.
Ho pesyntraram SWOT-anannsa mt onxnt narn ornert na na ocnonntx nonpoca.
Hmenno onn n yyr xnmuom x pemennm saaun:
xaxne cnntnte cropont n nosmoxnocrn moxno ncnontsonart n axrnnnsnponart;
xaxne cnate cropont n yrpost moxno nerpannsonart nnn mnnnmnsnponart.

Hrax, na namem npnmepe anare nonmem pemennx n cosanm xonxpernt nnan ecrnn.

Hyumax pesyntrarnnnocrt n nopasenennn n ntcoxn yponent npo]eccnonannsma n
npoaxax nosnonxmr npoemoncrpnponart maxcnmantno n pesyntrarnnnocrt, n
npo]eccnonannsm, a raxxe oxasart nomomt xonneram, noennrtcx c nnmn napaorxamn n ontrom,
uro nomoxer nam oxasartcx n ponn nacrannnxa, a net +ro nourn pyxononrent. Oxasan
nomomt, nt noxaxere yymnm nounnenntm, uro c namnm npnxoom na pyxonoxmym pont onn
cmoryr nonxrt pesyntrarnnnocrt n yponent oxoa n/nnn npnsnannx.
Xapnsua nama nosmoxnocrt cosart armoc]epy nosnrnna, oxastnart nnnxnne. Bam
cronr nounrart xnnrn nnn nocernrt rpennnr no menexmenry, xoropt nosnonnr
rpanc]opmnponart xapnsmarnuecxoe nnnxnne n npoaxax n xapnsmarnunt crnnt nnepcrna.
Hoepaxa nmmec1onmero pyxonon1enn ona ns nosmoxnocre, xoropym mt
oosnaunnn. Ee moxno paccmorpert c nyx rouex spennx: moxno nonpocnrt pyxononrenx art
nam npaxrnuecxne conert, ntcrynnrt n ponn nacrannnxa, art pexomenannn no nsanmoecrnnm
c ero tnmnmn, a namnmn yymnmn nounnenntmn. Bosmoxno, nt cmoxere nsrnxnyrt nnaue na
yymnx nounnenntx, rax xax o +roro nt omannct c nnmn conepmenno n pyro ponn ne
nauantnnxa, a xonnern. Bropo acnexr nomomn, o xoropom cronr oronopnrtcx, +ro xopomn PR,
xoropt cosacr nam pyxononrent, oxnnxx o nasnauennn. Bosmoxno, uro on n cam conpancx
un1pnn Bonoroen, Cne1nana Bnanunponna Hnanona: Anunan +qqex1nnnoc1t na 100%: Cpocn1t annac1, nan1n
cen, oc1nut nenn
99
+ro cenart, no satn.
Ycnex n npoqeccnonantnon cqepe, xo1opmn ynnn1 nce , nocraparect cnnannponart n
cnpornosnponart cnon nepnte ecrnnx n nepnte nn n neenn nocne nasnauennx. Bam xpxn
nepconantnt ycnex (ecnn nt cranonnrect ne ocnooxenntm pyxononrenem, a npoonxaere
paorart na cnoem yuacrxe) nnn ycnex pyroro, ocrnrnyrt c name nomomtm, nosnonnr
tcrpee sanoenart anropnrer, a raxxe cnnmer nonpoct rnna Houemy nmenno ero/ee nasnaunnn,
uem on/ona nyume menx? co cropont nontx nounnenntx.
Tenept ocranonnmcx na cnatx croponax n yrposax.
He1 onm1a n coo1ne1c1nymmnx nanmxon ynpannennn nyxen rpennnr, omenne c
pyxononrenem, camoopasonanne. Hyume sapanee nayunrtcx, uem n nepnte xe nn onycrnrt
omnxn, xoropte ryr xe pocxrcx ncem n rnasa.
Cxnonnoc1t x pyaecxnu o1nomennnu n nexo1opouy nannpa1c1ny npoymart
ncrannnm n omennn, nserax xpanocre (renept xo mne rontxo na nt n no nmenn-oruecrny,
sannct na npnem n r. n.). Hororontrect n, xax rontxo nasnauenne cocronrcx, neperonopnre
orxponenno rer-a-rer c remn, c xem ornomennx cxopee pyxecxne, nexenn cnyxente.
oronopnrect o nexoroptx npannnax (ne paccxastnaem ncem o rom, xax nne paort mt nmecre
npononm npemx, conmaem xoppexrnocrt omennx npn pyrnx).
Honnnenne neqopuantnoro nnepa sapanee noymare o rom, xro +ro moxer trt,
nocraparect copart maxcnmym nn]opmannn o +rom uenonexe, ocoenno o ero nnn ee mornnax.
Kax rontxo yer oxnneno o namem nasnauennn, noronopnre naenne c +rnm uenonexom. Bama
saaua nno npenoxnrt uro-ro, xomnencnpymmee ne]opmantnomy nnep