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G e v}v G vzv}vI v PvyG v| ..uvJvyG Hv v v}vyG %" ) vzvf ~v $( O v}vYh

}
?vvvvzvvvvDvvvv| ( #* #
G YhQC G vvvv<Qvvvv\ vvvv PvvvvyG % + (
vvvv| ..9vvvv vvvvy9vvvv|B uvvvv vvvvtvvvvJvvvvAvvvvy G vvvvgvvvvSh

$
JGhOvvvvsh ,iOvvvv (! + ~
?vvvv}vvvvFC G vvvv 9vvvvwvvvvp ?vvvvtvvvvI;vvvvyGh IQvvvv\9vvvvJvvvvyG d9vvvv vvvvF vvvvy

?v| } ++ % (
G hvsGh Qv v vjv@h ,O9v vGvyGh I vfOvyGh ?v v<QvAvyG + #* + , v O9v v| vp iPvAvJv@

% + (
,9vvv vvv@hQP ?vvv vvv|;vvvS G I vvvJvvvZvvvyG Bvvvjvvvzvvv< fC ) % (%"
vvvyE ,9vvv vvv< V vvv vvv vvvyGh

#+ .y + } (+ |hQJ}yGh A9 tV G J < :E B < {v e;S + G { LO h

.9 U ,?+|;S G ?vQJyG e;fC #| ,{+tgyG uGO=f


OGRvyG ) + vtv=v vSh ,uG fP v< { ,! * v 9v}v G >vvQvyG , + v]v}v vSh

$ " ! } + #
k
,IOvv|9vv 9vvDvvDvvF {vvdvv@ ,9vv vv@9vv}vvzvvvh 9vv Q9vvwvvpC f z A9vv vv\ vv| UvvFGQvvf

%
+
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9v v Pv ih ,9v v zv v =v S v p 9v v Av | GPE ) v Av I

+ } #+
.y A 9 I G < BV9fh

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88

zad-rohl {I GhQyG OGR


J 9f(\(}yG S Q% p

? Jq Zy G Y ( \ ( } yG

5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . AGO$E
7 ....................................... OGRyG u Q_ *
9 ..................................... yOGRyG U} $ z

13 .................................... {IGhQyG ~ GQ@ +!


17 .................................... {IGhQyG ~ GQ@ +!
23 .................................... {IGhQyG ~ GQ@ +!
33 .................................... {IGhQyG ~ GQ@ +!
40 .................................... {IGhQyG ~ GQ@ +!
58 .................................... {IGhQyG ~ GQ@ +!
+!

%
70 .................................... {IGhQyG ~ GQ@

81 .................................... {IGhQyG ~ GQ@ +!


86 ........................................ OGRyG QLB

87 ..................................... OGRyG Oq ! 9|h

89

zad-rohl {I GhQyG OGR


I OG< ?|Qw}yG ?w| O%g| J GQ G OYE
| G
ry }y ~S G H9AwyG ~SG e
,fQGyG #}IQyGO=f .O ~zgyG >y9_ ?+G%"| ,p J9}zv 1
,CQ9JyG ~+$GQ<E N+WyG AG(%yG ,p BT+y #wyh J9}zv 2
jOGOj=yG O}IC N+WyG a;AL:G O+VQ@ 3
,fQGyG #}IQyGO=f .O ?+fGOyG &tp #| 4
k
?}f9!9< dO9f .O HO}G #| ;+zs 5
o
jQ}gyG IR}I #< ,zf .O {IGhQyG OGR 6
,fQGyG #}IQyGO=f .O IQY9g}yG ?=+ayG ih9AqyG 7
&+< #< uGO=f .O )d(zJyGh [+MWAyG( H9$Q G 8
&+< #< uGO=f .O rs(yG ,p ?JzZ}yG QCC 9
HOI}G fhOzL .O E*OJyG ,p r+"ZAyG 10
o
jQ}gyG IR}I #< ,zf .O xAp9tC ,"=@ r+v 11
HOI}G fhOzL .O ~zT}yG {tf {+wW@ ,p E*OJyG d(YC ~zf QCC 12
HOI}G fhOzL .O Y(aAyG I;Y 13
,}df}G O+gS
s
,}df}G #}IQyG >+=I 14
jQ}go yG IR}I #< ,zf .O ,!GhQ+tyG O*R ,<C #<G ~d! MQV ,p ,!9<QyG KAqyG 15
jQ}go yG IR}I #< ,zf .O Q("yG ?zp9s 16
o
jQ}gyG IR}I #< ,zf .O ?+!9}* G ?JZyG 17
o
jQ}gyG IR}I #< ,zf .O e9!}G Q+|C 18
o
jQ}gyG IR}I #< ,zf .O >!Py9< S9TI G 19
hOOyG #TJyG O}J| .O | d(SQyG ?=J| 20
jh9\QtyG rS(* .O OG%Ap {+zyG #|h 21
X*hOyG ~+$GQ<E .O Q9JS}G hFGhQ 22
?}f9!9< dO9f .O MQqzy I(fO 23
Q(! O}J| Oy9L N+WyG A9}zgyG Q9}C #| 24
o
jQ}gyG IR}I #< ,zf .O ?*(<Q@ J9s9a< 25
Q(! O}J| Oy9L fBQtyG {$C ?IGh 26
qG(I O+gS O}IC .O QY9g}yG #|RyG ,p 9<QyG )zf {*9JAyG Q(Y 27
G(I O(}J| #< O}J| jQRGyG #<G ?|Ot| )zf jQZgyG MQWyG 28

zad-rohl {I GhQyG OGR

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