STRUCTURE & BONDING 1

1 Complete the table to show the formula and structure type (use üs) of the following substances. (6)

Simple Giant
Substance Formula Monatomic Ionic Metallic
molecular covalent

graphite

barium nitrate

methane

ammonium hydroxide

aluminium

sulfur

2 Explain each of the following clearly:

a) Simple molecular substances:

i) usually have low melting and boiling points ……………………………………………………………………….

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ii) do not conduct electricity ………………………….……………………..…………………………………………..

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b) Giant covalent substances:

i) have very high melting and boiling points …………………………………..……………………………………….

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ii) do not conduct electricity, except graphite and graphene …………………….……………..…………….………

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 c) Monatomic substances all have very low melting and boiling points. ………………………………….…….….

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d) Metallic substances:
i) usually have high melting and boiling points …………………………….………………..…...……………

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ii) can conduct electricity ……………………………………………………….…………..…….………………………

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iii) are malleable and ductile …………………………………………………………….………………………………..

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e) Ionic substances

i) have high melting and boiling points ……………………..……………………………………..……..………………………

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ii) can conduct electricity when molten or dissolved, but not when solid …………….………….……………………….

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iii) are brittle …………………………………………………………………………………………….…………………..

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3 Draw stick and dot and cross diagrams for each of the following simple molecules and ions. (16)

Stick diagram Dot-cross diagram

a) HBr

b) AlCl3

c) PCl3

d) BeBr2

e) XeF4

f) SO3

g) IF5

h) NCl4+

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 4 Give the formula of each of the following ionic substances. (6)

a) barium hydroxide ……………………… d) aluminium sulfide ………………………

b) potassium oxide ……………………… e) magnesium nitrate ………………………

c) iron(III) sulfate ……………………… f) ammonium carbonate ………………………

5 Explain what is wrong with this statement: When added to water, salt molecules dissolve in water.

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Area Strength To develop Area Strength To develop Area Strength To develop

Done with care and thoroughness Identify structure types Draw stick diagrams

Good SPG Explain molecular properties Draw dot-cross diagrams

Shows full working Explain giant covalent properties

Explanations are clear Explain monatomic properties

Write formulae (ionic) Explain metallic properties

Write formulae (other) Explain ionic properties

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