Академический Документы
Профессиональный Документы
Культура Документы
Чжан Ин*,
Московский педагогический государственный университет,
Москва, Российская Федерация, 119991
*
Научный руководитель – доктор педагогических наук, профессор Э. Б. Абдуллин.
Eduard B. Abdullin,
Zhang Ying*,
Moscow Pedagogical State University (MSPU),
Moscow, Russian Federation, 119991
Abstract. In vocal art, singers often resort to vibrato, a kind of decoration that allows
to highlight the so-called emotional characteristics of the work. In this regard, the study of this
phenomenon is the subject of a number of articles by various researchers, including Russian –
V. P. Morozova, L. P. Dmitriev, D. Aspelund, I. Nazarenko, V. Bagaturov, G. P. Stulova,
and Chinese teachers-practitioners – Chyu Ge, Dan Hon, Lin Cswgcin, etc. In the scientific
works of these authors noted the awareness of the use of vibrato a singer. However, in the ab-
sence of control vibrato can be difficult to overcome the habit of the performer, which causes
the rejection of the listener. The article discusses the main causes of vocal tremolation: lack
of coordination in the vocal cords and muscles of the press; deep breathing is not enough,
the lack of proper tension in the area of the diaphragm, the displacement of the larynx up, as
well as the weakening of the tone of the muscles of the vocal-singing apparatus; the displace-
ment of the pharynx, the lack of synchronicity of respiratory impulses and the tension
of the tubal-pharyngeal muscle; excessive downward displacement of the diaphragm, which
provokes exhalation mainly due to the reduction of the lower abdomen and loss of flexibility
of the respiratory mechanism); the lack of a natural balance of tension and relaxation of ap-
propriate muscle groups, etc. The authors also suggests ways to eliminate vocal cremaschi and,
in particular, complexes of exercises for training of technique of inhalation, exhalation, coor-
126 dination of reproduction and respiration.
Keywords: vocal performance, vibrato, tremolite, breath, vocal apparatus, a set of exercises.
*
Scientific supervisor – Doctor of Pedagogical Sciences, Professor E. B. Abdullin.
стота пульсаций вибрато является для цов некоторым вокалистам, что при-
слуха наиболее благозвучной, посколь- водит к созданию неестественных го-
ку более редкие пульсации (3–4 Гц) лосовых колебаний. Это происходит 127
субъективно воспринимаются слуша- из-за того, что они стремятся искус-
телями уже как качание звука, а более ственно добиться в звучании эффекта
частые (8–9 Гц) – как „горошек“ или «дрожания» голоса, ошибочно считая
„барашек“ в голосе» [5, с. 92]. его показателем красоты;
Используют вибрато в своём ис- ●● отсутствие координации в рабо-
This scientific article is prepared within the framework of the problem of formation of vocal
competences of teacher-musician.
Zhen’min’ Publ., 1989. 88 p. (in Chinese). noj pedagogike i podkhody k ee ustraneniyu
8. Lin Junqing. Metodologiya vokal’nogo I. I. Kortova [Tremolyation Problem in Vocal
ispolnitel’stva. Osnovanie nauki o zvukakh Pedagogics and Approaches to its Elimination
v penii [The Scientific Foundation of Sing- I. I. Kortov]. Vestnik kafedry UNESCO “Muzy
ing Pronunciation]. Shanghai: Muzyka Publ., kal’ noe iskusstvo i obrazovanie” – Bulletin
1962. 90 p. (in Chinese). of the UNESCO Chair “Musical Arts and Educa
9. Abdullin E. B. Problema tremolyatsii v vokal’ tion”, 2016, no. 3 (15), pp. 140–147 (in Russian).