Maya Cod MEL

"-"
MEL Scripting
for Maya Animators
Mark R. Wilkins
Chris Kazmier
With contribution from
Stephan Osterburg .
MORGAN KAUFMANN PUBLISHERS

AN IMPRINT OF ELSEVIER SCIENCE
www.mkp.com
. ,

MAYA:
MEL

-
2004
. ,
Maya: MEL /. . - : -, 2004. - 480 .
, MEL - Maya .
no MEL, , .
, , .
, ,
.
Maya, - .
ISBN 1-55860-841-9
ISBN 5-93378-097-9
. ,
Maya: MEL
-
. . .
. .
-.
! 19034, , ., . 21, 1. .: 333-82-11, ok@kudits.ru
16.06.04
70x90/16. . r i i " i ; i i i . ^-
. . . 35,1. 2000. : 1302
ISBN 1-55860-841-9
ISBN 5-93378-097-9
-, 2004
Copyright 2003 by Elsevier Science (USA)

Translation Copyright 2004
by.KUDITS-OBRAZ
A l l rights reserved.
2003 Elsevier Science ()
2004 -
.
.
117623, . , . , . 10.

Maya: MEL
MEL.
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A.I.: Artificial Intelligence ( ) Minority Report (
). , Harvey Mudd College.
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(: ), Bartok the Magnificent ( ) Anastasia ().

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Maya.
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Feature Animation , . , Dinosaur (), The Legend of Bagger Vance ( ),
Mission Impossible 2 ( 2), .: Artificial Intelligence ( ) Minority Report ( ).
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Intel Aliens, 3D Fox Animation Studios,
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28
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nurbsS&herel, :
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sphere, , , ( -
32
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nurbsSpherel - , a makeNurbSpheral - .
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1. File > New Scene No, .

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//Result: n u r b s S p h e r e l makeNurbSpherel//
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Enter Return ,
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1. sphere.
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file -f -new;
// Result: / u n t i t l e d //
sphere -p 0 0 0 -ax 0 1 0 -ssw 0 -esw 360 -r 1 -d 3 -ut 0 -tol 0.01 -s 8 -nsp 4 -ch 1;
objectMoveCommand;
move -r 0 0 3.001753;
36
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createLocator;
createPrimitive nullObject;
spaceLocator -p ;
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editMenuUpdate M a y a W i n d o w j m a i n E d i t M e n u ;
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whatls spaceLocator
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//Result : Command//
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40
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44
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5. Maya Expression Editor. Expression Editor , ,

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X X .
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2. NURBS- Create > NURBS Primitives >
Sphere.
3. mysphere.
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MEL Maya
4. , Attribute Editor
Window > Attribute Editor.
5. Attributes > Add Attributes... Attribute Editor.
6. revolutions , ,
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Channel Box mysphere
revolutions.
7. Channel Box RotateY, .
8. Expression Editor, Expressions...
Channels Channel Box.
9. Expression Editor:
mysphere.rotateY - mysphere.revolutions * 360;
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MEL Maya
, . (int)
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int
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Syval = sin ($xval);
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Sxval Syval. , Sxval,
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, Arithmetic, Logic, and Relational
Operators Using Maya; Expressions. ,
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56
MEL Maya

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. , MEL-c.
:
translateX = $xval;
translateY - Syval;
MEL-, ,
. setAttr, Set Attribute. MEL :
setAttr nurbsSpherel.translateX $xval;
setAttr n u r b s S p h e r e l . t r a n s l a t e Y $yval;
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58
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4. , , ,
Create > Locator , .
5. targetl translateY 10.
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n u r b s S p h e r e 1 _ a i m C o n s t r a i n t 1 . Extra Attributes .
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nurbsSphere2_airnConstraintl.
Target2 W1 0.
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60
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target !,
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float $eye1_coord_target1_weight;
float $eye2_coord_ta rget1_weight;
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$eye1,coord_target1_weight = 1 - $eye1_caord_target2_wetght;
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63
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2. . Channel Box
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// aimConstraint
nurbsSpherel_aimConstraint1.targetlWO - $eye1_coord_target1_weight;
nurbsSphere2_aimConstraint1.targetlWO = $eye2_coord_target1_weight;
nurbsSpnere1_aimConstraint1,target2W1 - $eye"Lcoord_target2_weight;
nurbsSphere2_aimConstraint1.target2W1 - $eye2_coord_target2_weight;
.
// target2
// eyes.target ,
// target2, eyes.target 2,
// , ^yes.target 1
$eye1_coord_target2_weight = eyes,target - 1;
Seye2_coord_target2_weight - eyes.target - 1;
// target"! target2 ,
// 1
$eye1_coord_target1_weight = 1 - $eyel_coord_target2_weight;
$eye2_coord_target1_weight - 1 - $eye2_coord_target2_weight;
64
MEL Maya
I/ aimConstralnt
nurbsSphere1_aimConstraint1.target1WO =
rbsSphere2_aimConstraint1. target"! WO -~
nurbsSphere1_aimConstraint1,target2W1 =
nurbsSphere2_aimConstraint1.target2W1 -
$eyel_coord_targetl_weight;
$eye2_coord_target1_weight;
$eye1_coord_target2_welght;
$eye2_coord_target2_weight;
target eyes:
1. eyes.
3. Attributes > Add Attribute... Attribute Editor.
4. target, float, scalar, - 1, - 2,
- 1.
5. Add, Add Attribute Attribute Editor.
Channel Box target.
6. target Channel Box
Expressions...
7. Create. , ,
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8. targetl t a r g e t 2 .
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coordination, . coordination ,
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float
float
$eye1_uncoord_targett_weight
$eye1_uncoord_target2_weight
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$eye2_uncoord_target2_weight
65
= 1;
- 0;
= 0;
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targetl, - target2.
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nurbsSphere1_aimConstraint1.targetlWQ =
(eyes,coordination * $eye1_coord_target1_weight) +
((1 - eyes.coordination) * $eye1_unccord_target1_weight);
nurbsSphere2_aimConstraint1.targetlWO (eyes.coordination * $eye2_coord_target1_weight) +
nurbsSphere1_aimConstraint1.target2W1 =
(eyes.coordination * $eye1_coord_target2_weight) +
nurbsSpnere2_aimConstraint1.target2W1 =
. (eyes.coordination * $eye2_coord_target2j/ight) +
eyes.coordination ,
. eyes.coordination 1,
. , , 0.5 .
3 - 1302
66
MEL Maya
:
1. eyes, Attribute Editor

coordination , target . , , 0, - 1, - 1.
2. Expression Editor, By Expression Name Selection Filter
expression!.
:
//
// , 1
float $eye~l_coord_target1_weight;
float $eye"l_coord_target2_weignt;
// coordination , 1
// target"!, a eye2 target2
float $eye1_uncoord_target1_weight = 1;
float $eye1__uncoord_target2_weight = 0;
float $eye2_uncoord_target1jeight = 0;
float $eye2_uncoord_target2_weignt - 1;
//
//
//
//
target2
eyes.target ,
target2, eyes.target 2.
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$eye1_coord_target2_weight = eyes,target - 1;
$eye2_coord_target2__weight - eyes.tarcet - 1;
$eye1_coord_target1_weight = 1 - $eye1_coord_target2_weight;
$eye2_coord_target1_weight = 1 - $eye2_coord_target2_weight;
//
//
nurbsSphere1_aimConstraint1.targetlWO (eyes.coordination * $eye1_coord_target1_weight) +
((1 - eyes.coordination) * $eye"Lunccord_target1_weight);
3.
67
nurbsSphere2_ainConstraint1.target1WO (eyes.coordination * $eye2_coord__target1_weight) +

nurbsSpnere1_aimConstraint1.target2W1 =
nurbsSphere2_aimConstraint1.target2W1 =
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Smyvec, Maya
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vector Smyvec = 0,1,2;
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// $test 2
print (Smyvec.);
// 1
$myvec.x = 3;
// '
:
$myvec.x - 3;
. -. . ,
MEL Maya
70
, :
Imyvec.x = 3, myvec.y, myvec.z;
Y Z Smyvec ,
X , 3.
.

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, :
vector $myvec2 = 3,4,5;
vector $myvec3 = $myvec + $myvec2;
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vector $myvec_eight = 8 * unit ($myvec);
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float $myvec_eight_length = mag ($myvec_eight);
// $myvec_eigth_length 8
16
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72
MEL Maya
angle angle (. . 4.3).

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(180/),
:
vector $xvec = 1,0,0;
// X
vector $yvec = 0,1,0;
// Y
float $xy_angle = angle ($xvec, $yvec);
// 1.570796
$pi = 3.141593;
float $xy_angle_degrees = $xy_angle * 180/$pi;
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$xvec
. 4.3. (Degrees - ; Radians - )

cross cross . - , (normal),
- , :
vector $xvec = 1,0,0;
vector $yvec = 0,1,0;
vector $zvec = cross (Sxvec, $yvec);
// 0,0,1

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mag ($vector1) * nag ($vector2) * sin ( a n g l e (Svectorl, $vector2))
unit (cross (Svectorl, $vector2))
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73
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$yvec
$xvec
cross ($xvec, $yvec)

z
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dot dot ( ):
dot ($vectorl, $vector2)
:
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0, - .
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rot rot, rotate, . , (. . 4.5). , :
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$twenty_degrees = 20 * $pi / 180;
// !!
vector $z_axis = 0,0,1;
vector $rot_vec = rot ($myvec, $z_axis, $twenty_degrees);
MEL Maya
rot {Smyvec. $z axis, (twenty degrees)
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7. Velocity Y , ,
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8. 1.0 , Y, 1.
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10. .
11. , , Fields > Newton.
12 , ,
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77
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1. 0.
2. Channel Box Translation X, Y Z, ,
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2. , Magnitude Channel
Box, Expression Editor (. . 4.10).
3. :
if (tz > -5) {
magnitude = 5.0;
} else {
magnitude - - 35.0;
MEL Maya
78
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. 4.9.
-11
Select Ntet Object Filter Attribute Ffcer Insert Functions Help
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5.0, , 35.0.
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, (omni emitter), .
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3. Particles > Create Emitter (options).
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.
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X Z, Y ( ).
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:
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.
2. particlel..., Attribute
Editor.
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Expressions After Dynamics ( )
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panicle! parlicleShapel
pariide: IpaflicleSbapel
TJ Geneial Control Attribute*

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4. , Per Particle (Array) Attributes ( ()) , , (. . 4.14).
MEL Maya
82
Attribute Editor: pWUCMl
particle! partideSriapsI 1 Erniuel I

particle: jpaihcleShapel
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Per Particle (Array) Attributes

position j
rafnpPosilicn f
velocity
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Add Dynamic Attributes

Select .
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vector $pos = position;
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vector $pos - position;
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84
MEL __
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vector $vel = velocity;
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float SscaleQffset = 0.2;
float $pos[] = 'pointOnCurve -pr Cage) -p curve!';
float $tan[] = 'pointOnCurve -pr (age) -nt curve!';
float $norm[] = 'pointOnCurve -pr (age) -nn curve!';
vector Sposvec = <<$pos[0], $pos[!J, $pos[2]>>;
vector $tanvec = <<$tan[0], $tan[1], $tan[2]>>;
vector Snormvec = <<$norm[0], $norm[1], $norm[2]>>;
vector $norm2vec = cross ($tanvec, Snormvec);
position - $posvec + ($scaleOffset'$normvec*cos(age*20))+
($scaleOffset*$norm2vec*sin(age'20));
88
MEL Maya
8. Create.
9. Expressions After Dynamics on Channel Box.
(. . 4.18).

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float SscaleOffset - 0.2;
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vector $normvec = $norm[0], $norm[1], $norm[2];
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offsetCurve -d 0.1 -n curvelduide
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offsetCurve curvelguide, .
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pointOnCurve ,
curvel, pointOnCurve
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95
Script Editor Enter:

pointOnCurve -ch on -pr 0 curve"!; .
pointOnCurve -ch on -pr 0 curvelguide;
, , :
// Result: pointOnCurvelnfol
pointOnCurvelnfol, .
2. emitter!.
3. , Expressions After Dynamics On , ,
:
float SscaleOffset = 0.2;
setAttr pointOnCurvelnfol.parameter (age);
setAttr pointOnCurve!nfo2,parameter (age);
float $pos[] = 'getAttr pointOnCurvelnfol.position';
float $tan[] = 'getAttr pointOnCurvelnfol. riormalizedTangent';
float $normEnd[] = 'getAttr pointOnCurve!nfo2,position';
float $norm[];
$norm[0] = $normEnd[0] - $pos[0];
vector Sposvec = $pos[0]h $pos[1]. $pos[2]>>;
vector Stanvec = <<$tan[0]. $tan[1], $tan[2]>>;
vector $normvec = unit ($norm[0], $norm[1], $norm[2]>>);
vector $norm2vec - cross (Stanvec, $normvec);
position = Sposvec + (SscaleOffset* Snormvec * cos (age'*20))+
($5caleOffset*$norm2vec * sin (age*20));
4. , curve!,
Attribute Editor Min Max Value NURBS
Curve History . Max Value - ,
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Lifespan ( Lifespan Random),
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Is -selection;
//Result: nurbsSpherel nurbsSphere2//
4, , , MEL- .
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string $selectionList[] = 'Is -selection';
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string $selectionList[] = "Is -si 1 ;
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sphere -radius 3;
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addAttr -attributeType "float" -longName "bounciness"
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:
addAttr -at "float" -In "bounciness" -dv 2 nurbsSpherel;
addAttr, MEL Command Reference,

, Add
Attribute, .
106
MEL Maya
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Attribute Editor ( )
Extra Attributes ( ). ,
nurbsSpherel,
nurbsSphereShapel. ,
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nurbsSpherel.bounciness = 5;
Script Editor, MEL ,
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//Error: n u r b s S p h e r e l . b o u n c i n e s s = 5;//
/ / E r r o r : Invalid use of Maya object " n u r b s S p h e r e l . b o u n c i n e s s " . / /
b o u n c i n e s s 5, setAttr:
setAttr nurbsSpherel.bounciness 5;
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getAttr n u r b s S p h e r e l . b o u n c i n e s s ;
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float Sbounceval = 'getAttr nurbsSpherel.bounciness';
$bounceval
getAttr .
5, MEL-
MEL
MEL connectAttr.
Connection Editor, .
Maya NURBS-. , Script Editor:
connectAttr nurbsSpherel.translateX nurbsSphere2.translateY;
nurbsSpherel X, , .
nurbsSpherel X, n u r b s S p h e r e 2 Y.
Maya , isConnected, listConnections connect ion Info,

. , , n u r b s S p h e r e l . t r a n s l a t e X
nurbsSphere2. translateY, isConnected integer:
int $tx_ty_connected = 'isConnected nurbsSpherel.translateX
nurbsSphere2.translateY';
, Maya ,
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, , d i s c o n n e c t A t t r:
disconnectAttr nurbsSphere!.translateX n u r b s S p h e r e 2 . t r a n s l a t e Y ;
MEL
MEL , . , translateX nurbsSpherel
nurbs3phere2.translateY , nurbsSphere2.translateY nurbsSpherel, t ranslateX.
Maya ,
Expression Editor :
nurbsSphere2.translateY = pow(nurbsSphere1.translateX, 2);
t
( pow, ?
Functions Using
Maya: Expressions Maya.)
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Script Editor :
expression -string " n u r b s S p h e r e 2 . t y " = p o w ( n u r b s S p h e r e 1 . t x , 2)";
, .
108
MEL Maya
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3. , , spiralParticles.
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: vyww.mkp.com/MELscriptingl.
// -, ,
// ,
string $selection_list[] = *ls -si';
// ,
// ( ,
// , )
string ScurveSelected = $selection_Hst[0];
float SstartOffset = 0.1;
float Sspeed = (1.0 / 24.0);
offsetCurve -d $startOffset -n ($curveSelected + "guide");
float $startPoint[] = 'pointOnCurve -pr 0 -p ScurveSelected';
float $startTangent[] - *pointOnCurve -pr 0 -nt ScurveSelected';
float $startGuide[] = ' pointOnCurve -pr 0 -p UcurveSelected + "guide") 4 ;
float $startNormal[];
$startNormal[0] = $startGuide[0] - $startPoint[0];
$startMormal[2] = $startGuide[2] - $startPoint[2];
emitter -pos $startGuide[0]
$startGuide[1] $startGuide[2]
-dx $startTangent[0] -dy $startTangent[l] -dz $startTangent[2]
-n (ScurveSelected + "emitter") -spd 0.0
-type dir;
particle -n (ScurveSelected + "particles");

setAttr (ScurveSelected + "particlesShape.expressionsAfterDynarnics") true;
Select -r (ScurveSelected + "particlesShape");
5. MEL-
111
addAttr -In "speed" -at "float":
setAtt (ScurveSelected + "particlesShape.speed") Sspeed;

addAttr -In "scaleQffset" -at "float";
setAttr ($curveSelected + "particlesShape.scaleOffset") $startQffset;
connectDynamic -em ($curveSelected + "emitter")
($curve$elected + "particles");
parent (ScurveSeLected + "emitter") ScurveSelected;
string SmainCurvelnfoNode = 'pointOnCurve -ch on -pr 0 ScurveSelected';
string SguideCurvelnfoNode = 'pointOnCurve -ch on -pr 0 ($curveSelected + "guide")";
//
string $exrString =
"float $curve_param = " + $curveSelected + "particlesShape.age * " +
ScurveSelected + "particlesShape.speed;\n" +
"setAttr" + $mainCurve!nfoNode + ".parameter $curve_param;\n" +
"setAttr " + SguideCurvelnfoNode + ".parameter $curve_pararn;\n" +
"float $pos[] = 'getAttr " * SmainCurvelnfoNode + ". position'; \n" +
"float $tan[] = % getAttr " + SmainCurvelnfoNode + ".normalizedTangent';\n" +
."float $normEnd[] - 'getAttr " + $guideCurve!nfoNode + ". position';\n" +
"float $norm[];\n" +
"$norm[0] = $normEnd[0] - $pos[0];\n" +
"$[1] = $normEnd[1] - $pos[1];\n" +
"$norm[2] = $normEnd[2] - $pos[2];\n" 4"vector Sposvec = $pos[0j, $pos[1]s $pos[2];\n" +
"vector Stanvec = <<$tan[0], $tan[1]. $tan[2];\n" +
"vector Snormvec = unit($norm[0], $norm[i], $norm[2]);\n" +
"vector Snorm2vec - cross ($tanvec, Snormvec);\n" +
ScurveSelected + "particlesShape.position = Sposvec + \n" +
"(" + ScurveSelected +
112
^ MEL Maya
"particlesShape.scaleOFfset * $normvec * cos(" +

ScurveSelected + "particlesShape.age*20}} + \n" +
" (" + ScurveSelected +
"particlesShape.scaleOFfset * sin("+
ScurveSelected + "particlesShape.age-20)) + \n";
//
dynExpression - -s SexprString (ScurveSelected + "particles"};

dynExpression -c -s $exprString ($curveSelected + "particles"};
4. . ,
spiralParticles .
5. , .

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string $selection_list[] = "Is -si';
, $selection_list,
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$selection_list[0], - $selection_list[1] . .
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string ScurveSelected = $selection_list[0];
, $curveSelected.
3 ,
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particles emitter .
, , .tx .
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float SstartQffset = 0 . 1 ;
float $speed = ( 1 . 0 / 24.0};
$startOffset ,
, ScurveSelected. $speed
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^ MEL-
113
, . 1/24,
24 ,
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offsetCurve:
o f f s e t C u r v e -d SstartQffset -n ($curveSelected + " g u i d e " ) ;
, guide
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curvel, curvelguide.
,
, $startOffset . SstartPoint
X, Y 2. SstartTangent -, Y- Z-
. $startfiuide
X, Y Z, a $startNormal - -, Y- Z-
.
float $startPoint[] = 'pointOnCurve - 0 - $curveSelected';
float $startTangent[] = 'pointOnCurve - 0 -nt ScurveSelected';
float $startGuide[] = ' pointOnCurve -pr 0 -p ($curveSelected + "guide")';
float $startNormal[]; '
, ,
,
:
emitter -pos $startGuide[0]
$startGuide[1) $startGuide[2]
-dx $startTangent[0] -dy $startTangent[1] -dz $startTangent[2]
-n (ScurveSelected + "emitter") -spd 0.0
-type dir;
114
MEL Maya
-
. -dx, -dy -dz emitter, ,
, .
$curveSelected emitter; , 0 (
). , -type d i r emitter,
.
:
particle -n (ScurveSelected + "particles"};
setAttr ($curveSelected + "particlesShape expressionsAfterDynafrics") true;
particle , . expressionsAfterDynamics true. setAttr Maya. -, ,
, , curvel, , particle
curvel particles,
curveiparticlesShape. ,
expressionsAfterDynamics. true,
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addAttr , . addAttr , ,
Maya , .
select - Maya ,
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, :
select - (ScurveSelected + "particlesSnape");
addAttr speed
scaleOffset particleShape, setAttr , :
a d d A t t r -In "speed" -at "float";
setAttr ($curveSelected + "particlesShape.speed") $speed;
addAttr -In "scaleOffset" -at "float";
setAttr (ScurveSelected + "particlesShape.scaleOffset") $start()ffset;
, , , , . -
5. MEL-
us
connectDynamic. -em , :
connectDynamic -em ($curveSelected + "emitter")
(ScurveSelectecf + "particles"};
/
parent:
parent (ScurveSelected + "emitter") ScurveSelected;
4 pointOnCurve -ch or
pointOnCurvelnfo . MEL- , .
, ,
:
string SmainCurvelnfoNode = 'pointOnCurve -ch on -pr 0 ScurveSelected';
string SguideCurvelnfoNode = 'pointOnCurve -ch on -pr 0
(ScurveSelected + "guide")';
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.
string $exrString =
"float $curve_param = " + ScurveSelected + "particlesShape.age * " +
ScurveSelected + "particlesShape,speed;\n" +
"setAttr" + $mainCurve!nfoNode + ".parameter $curve_param;\n" +
"setAttr" + $guideCurveInfoNode + ".parameter $curve_param; \n" +
"float $pos[] = 'getAttr " + SmainCurvelnfoNode + ".position';\n" +
"float $tan[] = 'getAttr " + SmainCurvelnfoNode + ".normalizedTangent';\n" +
116
MEL Maya
"float $normEnd[] = 'getAttr " + $guitieCurveInfoNode + "-positicn';\n" +

"float $norm[];\n" +
"$norm[0] - $norrnEnd[0] - $pos[0];\n" +
"$norm[1] = $normEnd[1] - $pos[1];\n" +
"$norra[2] = $normEnd[2] - $pos[2];\rT +
"vector Sposvec = <<$pos[0], $pos[1], $pos[2];\n" +
"vector $tanvec = <<$tan[0], $tan[1], $tan[2];\n" +
"vector Snormvec = unit($norm[0], $norm[1], $norm[2]);\n" +
"vector $norm2vec = cross (Stanvec, $normvec);\n" +
$curveSelected + "particlesShape.'position = Sposvec + \n" +
"(" + ScurveSelected +
"particlesShape.scaleOFfset * Snormvec * cos(" +
ScurveSelected + "particlesShape.age*20)) + \n" +
"(" + $curveSelected +
"particlesShape.scaleOFfset * sin(" +
$CurveSelected + "particlesShape.age*20)) + \n";
, MEL- dynExpression -
dynExpression - . , , .
d y n E x p r e s s i o n -r -s SexprString (IcurveSelected + "particles");
dynExpression - -s $exprString (ScurveSelected + "particles");
MEL.
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$rny_variable = 5;
$my_variable = 5.25;
'print ($my_variable + "\n");
5, 5.25! ? $my_variable, $my_variable
( , Script
Editor, Maya). , 5.25 $my_variable
,
Maya ,
:
$my_variable_2 = 5 . 0 ;
$my_variable_2 = 5.25;
print ($my_variable_2 + "\n");
MEL Maya
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) $my_variable_2, Maya
. Maya 5.25, $my_varlable_2,
.
.
$my_variable_2:
float $my_variable_3;
$my_variable_3 = 5;
$rny_variable_3 = 5.25;
print ($my_variable_3 + "\n");
, $rny_variable_3 ,
Maya , 5
5.0, , ,
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, . , Maya ,
,
.

, ,
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Maya.
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declare_aaa ( ) {
int $aaa - 10;
print ($aaa);
:
// Error: "$aaa" is an undeclared variable.//
, , ,
. , ,
. ,
6.
121
MEL- , ,
:
int $bbb = 34;
print_bbb ()
print ($bbb);
}
print _bbb ();
:
//Error: "$bbb" is an undeclared variable.//
,
. , MEL, , , , , .
, , , .
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Maya .
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. , ,
:
int $bbb = 34;
print_bbb() {
print (Sbbb);
:
print_bbb();
$bbb , . , ,
, - , . $_2. Script Editor:
global int $bbb_2 - 34;
print_bbb_2() {
print ($bbb_2);
}
print_bbb_2();
_122_
1. Maya
! !
, .
, . , , , ( ).
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( ),
, . :
global int $bbb_2 - 34;
print_bbb_2() {
global
int
$bbb_2;
print ($bbb^2);
}
print_bbb_2();
$bbb_2,
( ), (
).
Maya ,
, . ,
, :
global int $my_int = 25;
assign_four() {
$ray_int = 4 ; // 4 $my_tnt
assign_four();
print($my_int);
! 25, ,
, $my_int 4. ?
$my_int :
global int $my_int;
$my_int ,
$my_int 4, Maya
$my_int, ,
4, , , !
6.
123
, $my_int,
(, ), 25 4.
,
, :
global int $my_int = 25;
proc assign_four{) {
global int $my_int;
$my_int = 4; // 4 $my_int
}
assign_four();
print($my_int);
, .
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MEL Maya
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MEL Command Reference, optionVar.

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Mac OS, Irix Linux.
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.
:
int $i;
int $i = 3;
. +, -, * / , ,
. ,
, . - . , .
Script Editor, Enter:
print (3 + 4);
, , 7. :
print (3 - 4 ) ;
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print (3 * 4);
12. . ,
:
print (3 / 4 ) ;
0, 3 4 3 (0,75).
, , . , , . . float() (
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MEL-).
, :
p r i n t (float(3));
6.
127
, 3, , 3 . Maya ,
0, , , Maya
. 3
float(3) :
print (float(3) / 4 ) ;
0,75, 0, ,
. ,
, .
,
, ().
, , . , $ $ :
int $a -14;
int $b = 3;
, :
print ($ - ($ * ($ / $)));
, 2, , .
, , :
print ($a % $);
(%) (modulus)
, , $ $.
: a mod b.
. ,
+=, -=, *=, /= %=. ,
$ = $ + 4;
, :
$ += 4;
,
$ - $ % 3;
, :
$ %= 3;
128
MEL ^
. ++ . :
$ = $ + 1;
:
$++;
:
$ = $ - 1;
, :
$--;
( )
,
, , Maya
.
. 9, , , .
.
:
print (5 > ); //
print (5 < 6); //
print (5 >= 6); //
print (5 <= ); //
print (5 = = 6); //
, 1
0. 1 , , 0 , .
( - ). MEL 1, - 0,

, .
not ( I ) , add (&&) or ( ) :
not (!) not 0,

, 1, , .
print (! 0); // 1
print (! 1); //
add (&&) add 1, ,

( ), 0, , , 0.
^
print (0 && 0);
//
print (1 0);
//
print (0 && 1);
//
print (1 && 1);
// 1
or (\\) or 1,
( ), 0, 0.
print (0 | | 0); //
print (1 | | 0); // 1
print (0 | | 1); // 1
print (1 | | 1); // 1

. ,
print (! ( S& (1 | | 0)});
// 1

. ,
float, ,
( 1.2 -5.4)
(, 1.0 1000).
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float $m;
float $m = 3.2;
. , , , %,
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, .
, , . . ,
$f $:
float $f = 36.0:
float $n = 3.2;
, ,
:
5-1302
13
MEL Maya
sqrt($f)
// $f
pow($f, $n) // Sf $
log($f)
// $f
Iog10($f)
// $f 10
abs($f)
//
sin($f)
// $f
cos($f)
// $f
tan($f)
// $f
, Maya,
Learning Maya: Expressions, 6.
.
= = ,
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, , . :
f l o a t $a - 5 . 0 ;
f l o a t $b - 4.9999999999;
f l o a t Sslop = 0.0001;
print ($a = - S b ) ; //
print (($a > (Sb - $slop)) I! ($a < ($b + (Sslop))); // 1

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print (int ( 3 . 7 ) ) ;
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ceil($f) f l o o r ( J f ) , , $f , .
float(). :
p r i n t (float(7)/2);
3.5, 3, print (7/2).
9 Using Maya: MEL , MEL , . , ,
,
.
. Maya (vector) ,
, . 4 .
.
:
vector $ vector 1;
132
MEL Maya
, , , ,
. :
vector $testvector_2 = 3,4,5;
.
, ., $. $ :
$ = $testvector_2. + 2, // $ 5

:
$testvector_2.z = 4;
// !
, , , , :
$testvector_2 = $testvector_2.x, Stestvector2_.y, 4; // .
. +, -, *, / %, , .
, , .
,
. :
a.b.c + d , e , f = ( + d), ( + ), ( + f ) > >
, :
.. - d,e,f = ( - d), (b - ) , ( - f)
, ,
:
.. * d , e , f = ( * d) + (b ) + ( * f )
, (%) ,
:
a,b,c / d.e.f = ( / d ) , (b / ) , ( / f)
a.b.c % d.e.f = ( % d ) , (b % e). ( % f)
.
.
,
. :
vector $a_vec = 1,2,3;
print ($a_vec + 3 ) ; // 4
print ($a_vec * 4); // 4
12
6.
133
, ,
.
. ,
, , ,
mag(), cross(), dot()n unit(). , rot()
, angie()
.
4, 6 Using Maya: Expressions.
. - , ,
. ,
, , , MEL, ,
, .
.
:
string $my_str;
, ,
, :
string Sgetteysburg - "fourscore and seven years...";
, ,
, ,
(, , Maya
- ). (
) +:
$string1 = "Testing 1";
p r i n t ($string1 + "testing 2 " ) ; // Testing 1testing 2
. , , , Testing1testing2Testing1testing2
. (\) , :
print ($string1 + "testing 2");
// Testing1testing2
,
,
:
p r i n t ("Here are some d o u b l e quotes: \" \ n " ) ;
134
MEL -Maya
, , (\), , , ,
, Maya, . \
- .
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(escaped character). \ , . \",
" , . \ ,
, .
, , . = =, :
print ("testing" = = "testing"); // 1,
, ,
,
MEL- tokenize. tokenize ( ), (
, , )
:
string $myarray[];
tokenize "This is a test" Smyarray;
print $myarray[3]; // "test";
, -
, :
string $myarray2[];
tokenize "This is a test" "t" $2;
print $myarray2[1]; // "es";
es, 0 his is a,
I es, t.
MEL- 5 ,
MEL- . , MEL,
Script Editor.
. - ,
.
, , . ,
, .
.^1
135
Maya ,
(scalar). ,
Maya .
. .
, ([]), , , :
string $s[];
int $a[j;
float $f[];
,
, ,
. , ,
({}) :
string $str_list[] - {"this", "is", "a", "string", "array"};
int $int_list[] = {1, 2, 3, 4 } ;
float $lots_o_floats[] = (1.3, 1.5. 34, -23, 1E-29};
, :
string $str_list2[] = ("this",
"is",
"a",
"string",
"array"};
. , ,
, . , ,
:
int $[4] = 3; // !!
,
(, , ,
4, 0):
int $u[
$[4] = 3;
3,
0,
0 4 :
int $u2[] = (, , , , 3};
136
MEL Maya
. . , .
0, - 1 . .
,
:
print ($str_list2[2]);
$[1] = 4;
float $add_it_up = $lots_o^fioats[3] r 3 2 . 4 ;
(
9), , ,
, :
int $i - 2;
float Stesting = $lots_o_floats[$i] * 2;
. , ,
:
print (size{$str_list2));
, , ,
5, . , 1, 0.
, , ,
.
( ,
, ):
int $ g r o w i n g _ a r r a y [ ] = {0, 1, 2 } ;
p r i n t (size($growing_array) + " \ n " ) ;
$growing_array[5] = 45;
print (size($growing_array) + "\n"J;
( 5, 0, )
. ,
, 0,
, 0,0,0, ,
"", .

. , , $i_am_too_long
$i_am_too_long[999999], Maya , 1
, .
Maya - , -
6.
137
, , Maya, .
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MEL- clea . :
clear $ i_am_too_long;
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Reference, - no Maya. MEL Command Reference
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. 7.1. MEL Command Reference
7. MEL-
MEL-
MEL- , , , , , , , , , , . :
sphere -radius 10. -sweep 180
sphere , -radius 10.0 - , , a -sweep 180 - , ,
.
MEL- , , . -
, - -q, - -. ,
.
,
sphere , ,
. sphere :
sphere -q -radius nurbsSpherel
; - .
:
sphere -e -radius 15 nur&sSpherel
, , .

getAttr setAttr .
MEL-
, , .

.
MEL Command Reference sphere - /radius,
, -radius, , -.
,
, .
MEL Command Reference
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142
MEL Maya
. MEL Command Reference

. , .
,\.\ ,-\.->^ 1\.-",."~--V.-"\'W'X- .-,.-", V".'-.' "--' '--.' ^' ".
.-' j -j" /.' ,-'- " "- -"* --""- -,-'-,- '
' -" -' '.-''". '.;.- vx'

, , ,
. , , , move, . , , X, Z.
sphere, , , .
MEL- MEL-
MEL-
, MEL- MEL- . MEL- ( ), ,
. , MEL- , 10 X :
cone -name testing;
move 10 0 0 testing;
select -cl;
cone ,
testing, makeNurbsConel,
, . cone MEL-, .

,
* ) . :
string $coneNodeNames[] = 'cone -name testing?';
$ c o n e N o d e N a m e s [ 0 ] ,
a $coneNodeNames[1] - .
MEL- : , .
, .
, ;
string $coneNodeNames[] = cone ( " - n a m e " , "testing?");
, , .
7. MEL-
143
.
MEL-,
. , , , .
, , , 10 X:
cone -name Cone;
move 10 0 0 Cone;
, , ,
Cone ?
, Maya 2,
cone . move Cone.
, , .
,
, , , ,
.
. ' , ' - . ' '--.,'. '\.- /\'-.---. -
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eval
eval ,
MEL- MEL-. eval
, MEL-, .
:
string Sspherecommand = "phere"
string $nodenames[] = eval ($spherecommand);
, sphere Snodenames.
eval , MEL . , eval.
:
string StheCommand =
for ($x = 0 , $ < 5, $++);
int $whichShape - rand(2.G); //

//
// 2,
//
// 0 1
switch ($whichShape)
144
MEL Maya
case 0:
StheCommand += " sphere;
break;
case 1:
StheCommand +- " c o n e ; " ;
break;
print (" " + StheCommand);

eval (StheCommand);
sphere cone switch,

, .
MEL-
3 4, MEL- . , Maya MEL ,
MEL-.
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. , , . , 4,
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eval,
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Maya DG Node Reference.
5, MEL-
. 5 ,
, getAttr setAttr,
MEL-. ,
.
Is
,
is, ,
Maya ,
.
,
, , . , ,
: < > <. >. ,
bill bill
:
8. / MEL
bill_joint1
billj.oint2
billjointa
bill_skin
bill_eye_1
bill_eye_r
147
Is
, , bill_, '*,
, . ,
, :
string $bill_nodes[] = .'ls ("bill.*")';
:
//Result: bill_eye_1 bill_eye_r bill_joint1 bill_joint2 bill_joint3 bill^jointShapel
bill_jointShape2 bill_skin bill_skin|bill_skinShape//
Is *, . , *
.
,
. ,
, $character_name j
, :
string $character_nodes[] = 'Is ($character_name + " _ * " ) ' ;
,
, is ,
.
, ,
, ,
j o i n t .
:
string $joint_list[] = 'Is * j o i n t * ' ;
: (?) ; (*)
. - . . .
148
MEL Maya
-
, , ,
:
string $selection[] = 'Is -si";
, , ,
:
string $selection_joints[] = "Is -si *joint*';

, Is, showType:
string $bill_skin_listing[ ] = 'Is -showType "bill_skin"';
//Result: bill^skin transform//
, : ,
, , . . ,
$bill_skin_listing[0] , a $bill_skin_.listing[l] - ,
$bill_skin_listing[0]. Is ,
2, 4, 6 . ., 3, 5, 7 . . , bili_skin
transform. ,
nu rbsSu rf , , .

-type .
, nurbsSurface,
-type:
string $nurbs_surface_list[] - 'Is -type nurbsSurface';
, -type, , showType. , , ,
:
Is -si -showType
. -type.
Is, , , ,
MEL-,
objectType.
Is ,
, , - t r a n s f o r m s , shapes , . is MEL Command Reference.
8. MEL
'
149

, ,
, -dag (dag directed acyclic graph - ). Maya ( Outliner) ,
DAG, , . bill
bill,
:
string $bill_nodes[] = 'Is -dag b i l l ' ;
/ / R e s u l t : bill b i l l _ j o i n t 1 bill_JointShape1 b i l l _ s k i n o i l l _ s k i n j i D i l l _ s k m S h a p e
bill_joint3 bill_eye_1 bill_Joint2 bill_joiritSnape2 bill_eye_r//
, -showType
, -type .

Is ,
-long. , -allPaths:
string $full_bill_skin_path[] = 'Is -long bill_skin';
// Result: | b i l l | b i l l _ j o i n t 1 | b i l l _ s k i n //
select /

, ,
, MEL- , , ,
.

.
, , Is -si
. :
select -cl;
.
Maya , .
ISO
MEL Maya

, ,
,
select.
string $bill_nodes[], ,
bill, :
select $bill_nodes;
, , ,
.
, , ; . -
,
.
select , Select Maya
.

-add -af, . -add ,
, ,
. -addFirst ,
, , .
select -add " b i l l _ j o i n t 1 "
select -addFirst $joint_list;
-add
, , Shift, , Select, .
-d select ,
, :
select -d "bill_eye_l";
, , Shift, , Select.
8, MEL

, (, ,
), -all:
select -all;
MEL-
,
MEL, . , .
:
sphere
cone
torus
nurbsPlane
nurbsCube
- ( -constructionHistory), , .
sphere -ch on;
//
sphere -ch off;
/'/
,
ch on
MEL- , , , , .
, 4, ,
pointOnCurve.
, pointOnCurve, , . ,
-ch on :
string SnodeName ~ 'pointOnCurve -ch on c u r v e " ! ' ;
, 4, , MEL-. MEL Command Reference,
, -ch.
152
MEL Maya
createNode
,
createNode. . , , , , -
-. ,
locTransform loci:
createNode transform -n locTransform;
createNode locator -n loci -p locTransform;
//Result: Ioc5//
, createNode getAttr set Aft ,
, .

, listRelatives.
listRelatives ,
. , (
-), ( -), ( -s)
( , . .)
-allDescendants.
listRelatives , .
, listRelatives, :
sphere -name firstSphere;
sphere -name secondSphere;
parent secondSphere f i r s t S p h e r e ;
listRelatives,
:
string $firstSphereChildren[] = 'listRelatives - firstSphere',
// Result: firstSphereShape secondSphere //
string SsecondSphereParents [] = 'listRelatives -p secondSphere';
// Result: firstSphere //
string SfirstSphereShape [] = 'listRelatives -s firstSphere';
// Result: firstSphereShape //
string $firstSphereDescendants [] = 'listRelatives -ad firstSphere';
// Result: firstSphereShape secondSphereShape secondSphere //
8. MEL
153
listRelatives, for-in , MEL- ,

, .

5 , connectAttr. MEL
,
.
, , ,
, . listConnections, connectionlnfo isConnected.
listConnections
listConnections ,
. listConnections,
:
sphere -n myspherel;
sphere -n mysphere2;
select myspherel mysphere2;
string $myConstraintNode[] - 'aimConstraint';
aimConstraint ( $myConstraintNode[0]), listConnections aimConstraint
- on - on; -s on listConnections , , - on ,
, ( ):
listConnections - on -p on $myConstraintNode[G];
// Result: (nysphere2_aimConstraint1.constraintftotateX mysphere2.rotateX
mysphere2_aimConstraint1.constraintRotateY mysphere2.rotateY
mysphere2_aimConstraint1.constraintRotateZ ..//
connectionlnfo
connectlnfo ,
, , . ,
listConnections, :
connectionlnfo -isSource
mysphere2_aimConstraint1.constraintRotateX;
// Result: 1 //
connectionlnfo -isDestiriation
154
i MEL Maya
ir,ysphere2_aimConstraint1. constraintRotateX;
// Result: 0 //
connectionlnfo -destinationFromSource
rcysphere2_airnConstraint1.constraintRotateX;
// Result: mysphere2'. rotateX //
connectlnfo , ;
c o n n e c t i o n l n f o -isLocked
mysphere2_aimConstraint"l. const raintRotateX:
// R e s u l t : 0 //
c o n n e c t l n f o , . comectionlnfo
MEL Command Reference.
isConnected
isConnected , .
, .
, - ,
connectionlnfo -isSource -isDestination.
mysphere2_aimConstraint1.constraintRotateX mysphere2. rotateX.
:
isConnected mysphere2_aimConstraint1 cor.straintRotateX mysphere2.RotateX;
// Result: 1 //
1 (),
mysphere2_aimConstraint1.constraintRotateX mysphere2.RotateX .
:
isConnected mysphere2.RotateX mysphere2_aimConstraint1.constra:.ntRotateX;
/,/ Result: 0 //
(), .

DG node reference
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Maya DG Node Reference, , Maya.

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9.
161
Script Editor
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{
print (Snumber + " ");
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162
MEL Maya
else if (Snumber == 25)

{
print (Jnumber + " \"};

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163
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164
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print (" . \");

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9.
165
, :
print (2 == 4);
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166
MEL Maya
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print " \";

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print " !\";
break;
default:
print " , !\";
break;
9.
167
switch
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break;
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168
MEL Maya
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{
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$test_int * 3;
print ("$test_int " + $test_int + "\n");

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169
$test_int / 3;
print ("$test_int " + $test_int + "\");
}'
$test_int 100,
, Maya ( Ctrl-Alt-Delete Windows, Cmd-Option-Esc
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s t r i n g $selectedList[] = 'Is -;
string $currentObject;
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print (" " + ScurrentObject + "\n");
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170
MEL Maya
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9.
171
, ,
100:
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Enter :
int Scounter;
for (Scounter = 0; Scounter < 100; $counter++)
{
print (Scounter + "/n"};
}
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176
MEL
Maya
( ) MEL- , Maya
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() .
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, print_hello(),
! .
Script Editor Enter :
print_hello()
{
print " !\";
}
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( , ) . print_hello( ) , , :
p r i n t _ h e l l o ( );
Enter.
, , . ,
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hello_name(string $name)
{
print ("" + $name +
hello_name ("");
hello_name ("");
$name , .
, ,
, . , , .
, , , :
10.
177
hello_two,,names(string $name1, string $name2)

i
print ("" + $name1 + "" + $name2 + "!\n";
hello_two_names ("", "");

, . $name1 , $name2 hello_two_names().
- , , - ,
. :
int square (int $num) {
int $squared_val = $num * $num;
return $squared_val;
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int $sixty_four = square(8);
, , ,
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hello_name (square(square(8)));
Maya
, square(8), , 64.
, 64 :
square(square(6)> square(64). 4096.
hello_name.
178
MEL Maya
, , - hello^name , . ? Maya ,
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10.
179
-name, ,
, . , $mySptiere, X , :
string $my$phere = "sphere"!";
sphere -name SmySphere;
move 5 0 0 ;
sphere!, - ,
spherel (,
sphere, , Maya
).
MEL- , .
() ( )
X, Y Z:
proc makeSphere (string $sphereName, float $xval,
{
sphere -name SsphereName;
float $yval, float $zval)
move $xval $yval $zval
Script Editor
Enter .
, , . , , z . ,
:
rnakeSphere ("myNewSphere", 3, 3, 3);
myNewSphere , .
, MEL. , ,
, - Show All Commands
.
Maya MEL Command Reference,
, .
, -
MEL Command Reference .
:
spaceLocator -name "myNewSphereLocator";
geometryConstraint "myNewSphere" "myNewSphereLocator";
aimConstraint "myNewSphere" "myNewSphereLocator";
ISO
MEL Maya
, . <HMa>Locator,
<> - , .
,
, , ,
, JgeometryName, :
string SlocatorName - (SgeometryName + " L o c a t o r " ) ;
,
:
proc makeConstrainedLocator (string SgeometryName)
string SlocatorName - (SgeometryName + "Locator");
spaceLocator -name SlocatorName;
geometryConstraint SgeometryName SlocatorName;
aimConstraint SgeometryName SlocatorName,
Script Editor Enter
.

:
makeSphere ("spherel", 4, , );
makeConst rainedLocator ("spherel");
makeSphere ("sphere2", 0, 4, 0);
makeConstrainedLocator ("sphere2");
makeSphere ("sphereS", 0, 0, 4);
makeConstrainedLocator ("sphereS");
, :
proc makeSphere (string $sphereName, float $xval, float $yval, float Szval)
proc makeConstrainedLocator (string $geometryName)
{
string SlocatorName = (SgeometryName + "Locator");
spaceLocator -name $1ocatorName;
geometryConstraint SgeometryName SlocatorName;
aimConstraint SgeometryName SlocatorName;
10.
181
makeSphere ("sphere!", 4, , );
makeConstrainsdLocator ("spherel");
makeSphere ("sphere?", 0, 4, 0);
makeConstrained Locator ("sphere2");
makeSphere ("sphereS". 0, 0, 4);
makeConstrainedLocator ("sphereS");
, , .
, , .
(
makeSphere makeConstrainedLocator) , .

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, , -
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test();
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Enter :
test{);
182
MEL Maya
,
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.
3'

, ,
.
(. . 10.1).
Rotation angle
. 10.1.
(Rotation angle - )
, , ,
:
1. , , , , 1.
2. .
3. , , .
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10.
183
6. ,
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7. , 2, . , ,
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makeAn.tenna (string $parentSphere, float Sparentfiadius, float $rotAngle, float
Sscale, int SfirstSphere)
{
<>
, , . -,
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184
MEL Maya
if (SfirstSpnere)
<
sphere -name $parentSphereName;

scale SparentRadlus $parentRadius $parentRadius;
}
.
, ,
JfirstSphere 0.
, duplicate.
duplicate ,
, .
$duplicateName[].
, $duplicateName[0], .
6 .
select - SparentSphereName;
string $duplicateName[] = 'duplicate';
$duplicateName[0],
$childSphereName.
$childSphere , :
string $childSphereName= $duplicateName[0];
select -cl; //
select SchildSphereName JiparentSphereName; // ,
7/
parent;
select SchildSphereName;
, ,
$scale*$parentRadius. SchildSize:
float SchildSize = Sscale * SparentRadius;
scale $scale
$scale
$scale;
, $scale ,
, .
, ,
X. nrov
10,
185
, , ,

. ,
,
, .
move -localSpace (1 + $scale) 0 0;
, X
:
select SparentSphereName;
rotate 0 0 SrotationAngle;
.
, . .
if ($childSize > 0.05)
{
makeAntenna ($childSphereName, $childSize, SrotAngle, Sscale, 0)

}
,
. ,
, , ,
$firstSphere 0.
:
makeAntenna (string SparentSphere, float $parentRadius, float SrotAngle, float
$scale, int SfirstSphere)
{
if (SfirstSphere)
{
sphere -name SparentSphereName;
scale SparentRadius SparentRadius SparentRadius;
}
select -r SparentSphereName;
string $dupiicateName[] = 'duplicate';
string $childSphereNane= $duplicateName[0];
select -cl; //
select SchildSphereName SparentSphereName; //
// ,
MEL Maya
186
I/
//
parent;
select $childSphereName;
float SchildSize = $scale * SparentRadius;
scale Sscale
Sscale
$scale;
move -localSpace (1 + Sscale) 0 0;
select SparentSphereName;
rotate 0 0 $rotationAngle; // Z,
// X
if (SchildSize > 0 , 0 5 )
{
nakeAntenna (SchildSphereName, SchiidSize, SrotAngle,

Sscale, 0)
, Enter , (. . 10.2). , .
makeAntenna ("firstSphere", 1, 20, 0.75, 1);
. 10.2.
10.
187
,
MEL

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190
^ Maya
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renamejoint.

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rename BOZZ_rename_ioint BOZZ_rename_geom.
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11. ,
191

,
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select $bozo_left_hand_geom_node_name;
select Sblhgnn;
:
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global string $particle_node;
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global string $particle_node;
:
global string $BQZZ_particle_node;

, . ,
.
192
MEL Maya

, ,
. , :
1. NURBS-, .
2. NURBS-, .
3. Move .
4. .
5. , - .
6. Outliner, Window > Outliner.
7. nurbsSpherel sphere.
8. nurbsSphere2 sphere.
sphere.
Script Editor :
select - "sphere";
:
// Error: More than one object matches name: sphere //
, , ,
, , Maya
, .
' , (transform path). :
1 sphere , .
| s p h e r e | s p h e r e , .

(, ,
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Maya, . |, , | sphere, sphere, ().
, , |, . , |node1|node2,
node2, nodel,
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, ,
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11. ,
193
, , Outliner (, . 11.1).
sphere, ,
| sphere |sphere2] sphere.
, , ,
.
sphere2 ,
sphere, , sphere2|sphere. sphers2 , Maya ,
sphere.
Display Show Help
" ii
sphere2
sphere
delauHightSef
delauJObjeclSel
. 11.1.
|sphere|sphere2|sphere
,
Maya. MEL-
rename. rename :
rename "|spherefsphere2|sphere" "mysphere";
rename sphere, ,
mysphere . ,
- , rename
. , rename
,
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, Maya
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7 -1302
194
MEL Maya
, .
, . nurbsCylinder23 j o i n t l 4 ,
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1. , .
2. Outliner / (. . 11.2).
3. ,
Enter :
global proc add_prefix_to_selection(string $prefix){
string $nodes[] = 'is -si -dag' ;
for ($current_name in $nodes) {
rename -ignoreShape $current_name
(Sprefix + "_" +Scurrent_nans);
11. ,
195
4. , nurbsSpherel :
add_prefix_to_selection("spheres");
Enter .
nurbs Sphere?
nurbsSphere4
nubsSphereS
defaultLighlSe*
defaultObjeclSel
. 11.2.
, spheres,-

, : -, , , -, .
is,
, MEL Command Reference rename,
. .
-, , ,
MEL-, , MEL-,
, . , :
global proc add_prefix_to_selection(string $ p r e f i x ) {
, -
, . Is ,
. -si ( -selection), -
196
MEL Maya
Is , -dag ( -dagdbjects), Is
.
Is -si -dag , , . , nurbsSpherel. Is :
string $nodes[] = 'is -si -dag';
for-in ,
:
for ($CLjrrent_name in $nodes) {
(Sprefix + "_" + $current_name);
, Is,
MEL- rename . ignoreSphape
rename, , , . , ,
, is, ,
,
, .
2:

. sphere., . :
global proc change_selection_prefix (string $newprefix){
string $nodes[] = *ls -si -dag'; //
//
for ($current_name in $nodes) {
//
//
string $parts_list[]; //
II ,
//
//
int $num_parts = 'tokenize $current_name ".." $parts_list";
if ($num_parts > 1) ( // , ,
//
11.
^^
197
//
string $old_prefix = $parts_list[0]; //
//
string $no_prefix_name = $parts_list[1]: //
// // //
for ($count = 2; $count < $num_parts; Scount--) {
//
$no_prefix_name = ($no_prefix_name + "_"
+ $parts_list[$count]);
}
//

(Sprefix + "_" +$current_narne);
:
change_selection_prefix ("spheresyak")

,
. Is
, , rename.
tokenize. ,
.
, , :
spheres_test_node_name
tokenize ,
( _ ). ,
Script Editor:
print $resulting_parts[0];
p r i n t $resulting_parts[1];
, , Is
for-in . ,
198
MEL Maya
, tokenize , :
int $num_parts = 'tokenize $current_name "_" $parts_list';
//
tokenize $current_name
, $parts_list, ,
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-button "I'm not sure"
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215
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217
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220
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int $found_match = ! 'strcmp "blah" $typedString';

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223

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int validQbjectName (string StestString) {
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string SmatchingPart = 'match "~[+\-]{0, 1}[0-9]+$" StestString';
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{
int $count = 0;
for (Scount = 0; $count < SmyNumSpheres; $count++) {
string SthisName = ($myBaseName + (Scount + 1));
sphere -name SthisName;
move (Scount * 5) 0 0;
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{
//
string SgetBaseNameButton = 'promptDialog -title "makeSpheres
-message " ?"
-text "mySphere" ' ;
string $baseName = 'promptDialog -q';
if (! validObjectName($haseName)) {
// ,
confirmDialog -title "Error"
13, MEL
225
-message " !"

-button "OK";
error " !";
}
//
string SgetSphereNumButton = 'promptDialog -title "nakeSpheres"
-message " ?"
-text "5"';
string SnumSpheresString - 'promptDialog - q ' ;
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// ,
//
confirmDialog -title " E r r o r "

-message " !"
-button "OK";
error " !";
}
// ,
//
int SnumSpheres = SnumSpfieresString;
// , ,
// :
if (SnumSpheres <= 0) {
-message " !"
-button "OK";
error " !";
}
// ,
makeSpneres($baseName, SnumSpheres);
}
, makeSpheres Script Editor:
makeSpheresO;
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8 -1302
226
MEL
Maya

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int validObjectName (string $test3tring) {
string SmatchingPart - 'match ""[a-zA-Z][0-9a-zA-Z_]*$"
StestString';
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// , , strcmp
return SgoodMatch;
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string SmatchingPart = 'match ""[+\-)!0, 1[-[0-9]+$" $testString ;
int $goodMatch = ! 'strcmp SmatchingPart JtestString' ;
// , , strcmp
return SgoodMatch;
}
, .
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( makeSpheresUI),

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global makeSpheres(string $myBa$eName, int SrnyNumSpheres)
{
int $COunt = 0;
for ($count - 0; $count < SmyNumSpheres; Sccunt++) {

string SthisNarne - (SmyBaseNarne. + (Scount + 1));
sphere -name SthisNarne;
move ($count * 5} 0 0;
makeSpheresUI:
global proc makeSpheresUIQ
{
makeSpheresUI ,
.
13. MEL
227
makeSpheresUI :
string SgetBaseNameButton = 'promptDialog -title "makeSpheres"
-message " ?"
-text "mySphere"';
string SbaseName - 'promptDialog -q';
, promptDialog
,
SbaseName.
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// , ,
confirmDialog -title " E r r o r "
-message " !"
-button "OK";'
error " !";
}
, , :
//
string SgetSphereNumButton = ' p r o m p t D i a l o g -title "makeSpheres"
-message " ?"
-text " 5 " 1 ;
string SnumSpheresString = 'promptDialog - q ' ;
if (! validInteger($numSpheresString)} {
// , ,
//
-message " !"
-button "OK";
error " !";
}
// ,
//
int SnurnSpheres = JnumSpheresString;
228
MEL Maya
, , $numSpheres
, , . -
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makeSpheres(SbaseName, $numSpheres):
.
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columnLayout rowColumnLayout. , . 14.2,
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Radio Button Group
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14.
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234
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string $window_name = 'window -title "Window 1"
-menuBar true
-widthHeight 483 203';
// , ,
// , ,
// showWindow. .
// .
menu -label "Menu 1";
menultem -label "Menu Item V;
menultem -label "Menu Item 2";
columnLayout;
frameLayout -collapsable true -label "Frame Layout 1" -width 475;
rowColumnLayout -no 4;
checkBox -label "Checkbox 1";
14.
235

setParent ..; // frameLayout
setParent ..; // columnLayout
radioButtoriGrp -numberQfRadioButtons 3
-label "Radio Button Group"
-labelArrayS "Radio 1" "Radio 2" "Radio 3"
"Radio 4":
setParent . . ; // columnLayout "
frameLayout -collapsable true -label "Frame Layout 3" -width 475:
columnLayout;
textFieldGrp -label "Text 1" -text "Testing 1 2 3";
setParent . . ; // frameLayout
setParent . . ; // columnLayout
rowColumnLayout -nc 4;
button -label "Button 1";
// ,
showWindow $window_name; //
// rowColurnnLayout,
// columnLayout
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236
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window,
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-menuBar true
showWindow $window_name;
- window showWindow.
, , , window,
showWindow. ,
window window
showWindow, , .

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//
rnenultem -label "Menu Item 1";
nenultem -label "Menu Item 2";
menultern -label "Menu Item 4";
, , window showWindow
:
string $window_name - 'window -title "Window 1"
-menuBar true
//
showWindow Swindow^name;
. 14.5.
14.
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237
Menu 2
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columnLayout;
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rowColumnLayout frameLayout.
, frame-Layout.

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238
MEL Maya
rowColumnLayout .
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rowLayout columnLayout, rowColumnLayout ,
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rowColumnLayout , , -label. ,
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columnLayout, f rameLayout, , rowColumnLayout, ,
showWindow.
string $window^name = 'window -title "Window 1"
-menuBar true
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columnLayout;
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14.
239
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f rameLayout. , f rameLayout .
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radioButtonGrp , , ,
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. , ,
, , -114.
radioButtonGrp,
:
string $window_name = 'window -title "Window 1"
-menuBar true
//
menultern -label "Menu Item 2";
columnLayout;
frameLayout -collapsable true -label "Frame Layout 1"
-width 475;
MEL Maya
240
rowColumniayout _ n c 4;
setParent...; // framelayout
setParent...; // columnLayout
radioButtonGrp -numberQfRadioButtons 3
-labelArrayS "Radio 1" "Radio 2" "Radio 3"
"Radio 4";
,
. 14.7.
______
.-'
[JFieme Layoul ?
Radio Gioup Radio !
. 14.7.
Checkbox^
Radio 2
Raifo 3
, f rameLayoui:
,
, . ,
- .
, -1> . , -select!
.
frameLayout,
textFieldGrp, :
SetParent...; // frameLayout
columnLayout;
14.
241
, setParent...
frameLayout columnLayout, .
setParent..., frameLayout frameLayout, .
, textFieldGrp , columnLayout frameLayout.
textFieldGrp, ,
.
, .
rowColumnLayout, . ,
rowLayout, , rowColumnLayout, , , ,
, ,
.
setParent...;
// frameLayout
setParent...;
// columnLayout
button
button
button
button
-label
-label
-label
-label
"Button
"Button
"Button
"Button
1";
2";
3";
4";
.
, .
,
, , , .
, ,
, 2.

Maya
. , ,
.
, MEL Command Reference, 1: Windowing ( :
) Controls: Buttons, Sliders, etc. ( ; , . .).
MEL Maya
Maya , .
MEL, , ,
.
MEL
. -command,
Maya, .
, , :
string SmyWindow = 'window';
rowLayout;
button -label "Make me a sphere" -command "sphere";
showVJindow SmyWindow;
. 14.8 . ,
, - , Maya
. ,
, Maya sphere .
-I.Qjxi
iMakeme a sphere!
. 14.8. ,
checkBox
(checkBox) , , ,
. ,
, . chackBox ,
, .
, , :
String SmyWindow = ' w i n d o w ' ;
rowLayout;
string $myCheckbox = 'checkBox -label "Truth or Dare:'";
showWindow SmyWindow;
,
$myCheckbox. MEL- , . 14.9.
14.
243
It ruth or Dare:!
. 14.9. ,
, .
, :
checkBox -q -v $myCheckbox;
1, , 0,
.
, , . -onCommand, offCommand -changeCommand. :
string $myWindow = 'window';
rowlayout;
string $myCheckbox = 'checkBox -label "Sphere"

-onCornmand "sphere -name V'blahV"
-offCommand "delete blah'";
showWindow $myWindow;
, blah,
, .
floatFieldGrp
textFieldGrp, floatFieldGrp , . floatFieldGrp
, .
, floatFieldGrp,
:
rowLayout;
string $myFloatFieldGrp = 'floatFieldGrp -label

"Gimme a number:"';
,
. 14.10.
MEL Maya
244
. 14.10. , floatFieldGrp
, , , . ,

(Script Editor):
f l o a t F i e l d G r p -q -value SmyFloatFielcGrp;
.
floatSliderGrp
floatSlidsrGrp , . , -field true,
,
, :
string SnyWindow - ' w i n d o w 1 ;
rowLayout;
string $myFloatSliderGrp = 'floatSliderGrp -min 0
-max
-label
"Gimme a number:"
-field t r u e ' ;
-min -max,
. floatSlidarGrp
-fieldMinValue -fieldMaxValue,
, (,
0 1,
10, -fieldMaxValue I.
,
). floatSliderGrp . 14.11.
Gimme a nutvbei: [
. 14.11. , floatSliderGrp
14.
245
floatsliderGrp , floatFieldGrp;
floatSlederGrp -q -value SmyFloatSliderGrp;
intFieldGrp
intFieldGrp , floatFieldGrp, ,
, .
floatFieldGrp, intFieldGrp
, , , ,
.
intSliderGrp
intSliderfirp . floatsliderGrp, ,
, .
textFieldButtonGrp
textFieldButtonGrp ,
. - , ,
, ,
textFieldButtonGrp. , , :
sphere -name 'textFieldButtonGrp -q -text SmyTextFieldButtonGrp')
textFieldButtonGrp -q -text , sphere .
, textFieldButtonGrp ,
:
rowLayout;
string SmyTextFieldButtonGrp;
string $myButtonCoramand "sphere -name ('textFieldButtonGrp "+
"q -text SmyTextFieldButtonGrp.)":
SmyTextFieldButtonGrp = 'textFieldButtonGrp
-label "Sphere name:"
-text "Sphere"
-buttonLabel "Make Sphere"
-buttonCommand SmyButtonCommand';
246
HMEL Maya
, 14.12 , .
Make Sphere, , .
. Sphere name:
. 14.12. , textFieldButtorGrp
textFieldGrp
textFieldGrp , intFieldGrp floatFieldGrp,
, . textFieldGrp
, ,
.
, textFieldGrp :
s t r i n g SmyWindow - ' w i n d o w ' ;
rowLayout;
$myTextGrp = 'textFieldGrp -label "Gimme some text:"
-text "OK, text 1 ";
. 14.13 , . ,
:
textFieldGrp -q -text SrnyTextGrp;
11 windowl
Gimme some text JOK, lexl
. 14.13.
, textFieldGrp
, .
rctdioButtonGrp
, ,
radioButtonGrp, .
radioButtonGrp , :
string SmyWindow - 'window 1 ;
r
owLayout;
SnyRadioButtonGrp = 'radioButtonGrp -numberOfRadioButtons 2
-label "How do you feel?"

-labe!Arrav2 "Good" "Bad"
-select 1';
14.
247
, -select, , . ,
. 14.14.
dqjou leet? -.< IGoocj,
. 14.14.
Bad.
, radioButtonGrp
radioButtonGrp , ,
:
radioButtonGrp -q -select SnyRatiioButtonGrp;
, 1, -2.
, ,
, ,
.
, , ;
string SmyWindow - ' w i n d o w ' ;
columnLayout;
JmyRadioButtonGrp - 'radioButtonGrp -numberOfRadioButtons 2
-label "How do you feel''"
-labelArray2 "Good" "Bad"
-select 1';
$myRadioButtortGrp2 = 'radioButtonGrp -numberOfRadioButtons 2
-label ""
-labelArray2 "OK" "Don't Know"
-shareCollection $myRadioButtonGrp';

radioButtonGrp, . 14.15.
. 14.15. radioButtonGrp
, ,
radioButtonGrp. , 0. , I 2 , .
248^
_1-___
radioButtonGrp -q -select $myRadioButtonGrp;

// Result: 0 //
radioButtonGrp -q -select $myRadioButtonGrp2;
// Result: 1 //
, radioButtonGrp.

radioButton radioCollection.
radioButtonGrp .

MEL ,
. , -
.
, MEL,
MEL Command Reference . Ul: Windowing
Layouts: Organizing UI Components ,
.
columnLayout
column Layout .
:
coluranLayout;
button -label "button";
. 14.16 , .
14.
, 14.16.
249
, columnLayout
formLayout
formLayout , , ,
. f o r m L a y o u t .
, , ,
f o r m L a y o u t , MEL Command Reference,
, .
frameLayout
frameLayout , .
:
string SmyWincfow - 'window';
frameLayout -borderStyle "etchedln";
Dutton -label "button";
MEL Maya
250
. 14.17 , .
;
" - iPJ xi
liameLayouO
button
button.
button
button
. 14.17.
ballon
button
, f rameLayout
frameLayout rowLayout, columnLayout rowColumnLayout .

-label,
-collapsable.
rowColumnLayout
rowColumnLayout , , . frameLayout rowColumnLayout.
rowLayout
rowLayout , , , .
:
rowLayout -nc 6;
showWindow $rnyWindow;
. 14.18 .
. 14.18. , rowLayout
rowLayout -
-numberOfColumns. , rowLayout
, .
14,
253.
2;
, , , , . , , -
, .

,
, .
, :
makePrimitive(int $type, float $x, float $y, float $z) {
// make Primitive
// Stype, 1 ,
//2 3 . X, // Z

switch {Stype) {
case 1 : sphere;
break;
case 2; cone;
break;
case 3: polyCube;
break;
default: error -showLineNumber true "Invalid object type";
break;
}
// ,
// , ,
// ,
// move
move $x $y $z;
(Script Editor),
Enter, , :
252
^ MEL Maya
makePrimitive (1, 10, , );

//
//(10, 10, 10)

makePrimitive (2, -3, -3, -3);
// (-3, -3, -3)
makePrimitive (8, , , 0);
//

makePrimitive.
, , , , ,
makePrimitive.
, , ,
Create Primitive. , floatFields ,
, z . , ,
, - , - .
, ,
. ,
Close.
floatFieldGrp . , floatFieldGrp
-numberOfFields 3.
columnUyout floatFieldGrp , , rowLayout, . ,
floatFieldGrp .
, , .
global proc makePrimitiveUIO {
// positionGrp floatFieldGrp name
global string SpositionGroup;
// makePrinitiveUI
// makePrimitive
string SdialogBoxWindow = 'window -title "Create Primitive"
-rtf true';
columnLayout;
IpositionGroup = 'floatFieldGrp -nurnberQfFields 3';
rowLayout -nc 3;
button -label "Sphere";
14.
253
button -label "Cone";

button -label "Cube";
showWindow $dialogBoxWindow;
, makePrimitiveUI(} Enter.
-rtf true window.
, , . , , . 14.19.
mCreate Primitive
0.0
0.0
. 14.19. Create Primitive

,
. ,
,
, .
X, Y
Z, floatFieldGrp.
, . floatFieldGrp,
X, Y Z, , ,
. 1, 2 3, , ,
buttonAction (int $whichButton, string SfloatFieldGrpName) {
// , z
float Sxval = 'floatFieldGrp -q -value"! SfloatFieldGrpName';
float $yval - 'floatFieldGrp -q -value2 SfloatFieldGrpName';
float Szval = 'floatFieldGrp -q -values SfloatFieldGrpName';
//
makePrinitiveCSwhichButton, $xval. $yval, Szval);
254
MEL Maya
,
, . ,
:
button -label "Sphere";
button -label "Cone";
button -label "Cube";
:
button -label "Sphere" -command "buttonAction(1, $positionGrp)";
button -label "Cone" -command "buttonAction(2, SpositionGrp)";
button -label "Cube" -command "buttonAction(3, $positioriGrp)";
, , :
makePrimitive(int $type, float $x. float $y, float $z) {
// makePrirriitive
// $type, 1 ,
// 2 3 . X, // Y Z

switch (Stype) {
case 1: sphere;
break;
case 2: cone;
break;
case 3: polyCube;
break;
default; error -showLineNunuer true "Invalid object type";

break;
}
//
//
//
//
,
, ,
,
move
move $x $y $z;
}
buttonAction (int SwhichButton, string SfloatFieldGrpName) {
14.
__
255
// , z
float $xval = 'floatFieldGrp -q -valuel SfloatFieldGrpName';
float $yval = 'floatFieldGrp -q -value2 SfloatFieldGrpName';
float $zval = 'floatFieldGrp -q -values $floatFieldGrpNaroe';
//
makePrimitive($whichButton, $xval, $yval, $zval);
global proc makePrimitiveUIO {
// positionGrp floatFieldGrp name
global string $positionGroup;
// makePrimitiveLJI
// makePrimitive
string $dialog8oxWindow = 'window -title "Create Primitive"
-rtf true' ;
columnLayout;
SpositionGroup = 'floatFieldGrp -numberOfFields 3';
rowLayout -nc 3;
button -label "Sphere" -command
"buttonAction(1, SpositionGroup)";
button -label "Cone" -command
button -label "Cube" -command
showWindow SdialogBoxWindow;
}
, , makePrimitiveUIO, Enter
.
,
, .
256
MEL Maya

MEL
, ,
.
, formLayout.

. ,
, .
.
Maya .

.
.
, ,
.
,
, , .
, .
MEL Command
Reference.
, , . . Ul: Windowing MEL Command

Reference, .
15
MEL-
:
Maya.
,
.
MEL- .
,
,
Maya,
, ,
. mel.
Save selected...( ) .mel.
source, .mel, . ,
source , (script path) Maya.
- , Maya MEL-,
.
Maya.
Maya,
Script Editor :
geteny "MAYA_SCRIPT_PATH";
( , Maya ):
9- 13112
258
MEL Maya
/i Result: :/Documents and Settings/mark/My

Documents/maya/projects/default/mel;:/Documents and Settings/mark/My
Documents/fflaya/4.0/scripts;C:/Documents and Settings/mark/My
Documents/maya/scripts;C:/Documents and Settings/mark/My
Documents/maya/4.Q/presets;C;/Documents and Settings/mark/My
Documents/maya/4,0/prefs/shelves;:/Documents and Settings/mark/My
Documents/maya/4.0/prefs/markingMenus;C:/AW/
Maya4.0/scripts/startup;C:/AW/Maya4.0/sc.ripts/others;C;/AW/Maya4.0/scripts/AETemplates //
, ,
:
getenv "MAYA_SCRIPT_PATH" Maya .
, , ,
.msl < ! ( < > -
).
,
. mel .

,
, . userPrefs.mel, .
userPrefs.mel , .
maya/<version>/prefs ( V/indows, ). <version> , , , 4.0.
userPrefs.mel,
, userPrefs.mel,

, , , , - , . , , Window > Animation Editors > Expression Editor... ( >
> ...). Expression Editor ( ) Filter > By Script Node Name ( > ). ,
(. . 15.1).
15. MEL-
259
m Editor
Select Filter
Jsf'te'
Insert Functions
E dil ing Sciipl

Scripl Node Name l-crp
New Scripl Model
Script Nodej
Selected Sciipt Node

Demand
Execute On:
Setae
Tett Script
Edkoc
I ENp'essionEditor -j
Scnpt
1LJ
ear
. 15.1.
,
, ,
, , MEL-, . Execute
On: (:) , .
(Before) (After),
.
,
, /
(Open/Close), Script Before. .
, ,
, . ,
, MEL-,
, (
Enter ,
).
260
MELjyin Maya

,
.
Maya.
Maya
SgMainWindow. setParant , ,
, ,
:
global string SgMainWindow;
setParent $gMainWindow;
menu -label "Mark's Menu2";
menulten -label "Make a Sphere" -command "sphere";
menultem -divider true;
menultem -label "Hake a Cone" -command "cone";
, / (Open/Close)
. , ,
. ,
userSetup.mel, < nani<a>/maya/scripts.
, Maya , .

MEL-
Tool Shelf, MEL-
(. . 15.2). MEL-,
. ,
, , ,
Shelf Editor... ( ) (. . 15.'!).
, .
., MEL-
Change Image... ( ) Shelf Editor ( ). ,
, , .
. 15.2. Tool Shelf ( )
IS. MEL-
Options
261
Shelves
Shell Contents j Edit Commands I
EPCiJiveTool
Extrude
Revolve
Loft
Stitch Tool
Move Down
Delftieltem
Labelbfwltips: |CV Curve Tool

Icon Name:
Repeatable
.Save All Shelves
Close
. 15.3. Shelf Editor ( )

MEL-
MEL- , mel. Maya, .
, , . Maya , , .
,
userSetup.mel, Maya
$gMainWindow . Maya
, .
,
, Shelf Editor
.
16
MEL

4,
, ,
,

MEL . ,
.
, , , , ,

.
, , .
i:
? ,
. , . , ,
, (. . 16.1).
, .
, .
-, Script Editor :
particle -p -5 0 5 -name partOne;
particle -p 5 0 -5 -name partTwo;
(He Enter
MEL- Script Editor, Return,
.)
16. MEL
263
. 16.1. ,
particle , - (-) - 5 X, 0 Y 5 Z. , , .
. partOne
partTwo :
goal -goal partTwo -weight 0 . 5 partOne;
partOne
partTwo. (weight) partOne,
partTwo. 0 1,
0 , 1 - particle2. 0 I
, , , , , ;: . 0 , 1 .
,
sphere (). , :
setAttr partOneShape.particleRenderType 4;
setAttr partTwoShape.prt 4;

,
partTwoShape , partOneShape.
, .
,
300- . , MEL :
playbackOptions -min 1 -max 300;
264
MEL Maya
(. . 16.2). , partdne
partTwo, ,
, partTwo. -
, ,
.
. 16.2.
partOne, partTwo
,
1 :
setAttr p a r t O n e , g o a l W e i g h t [ 0 ] 1 . 0 ;
partOne partTwo.
partTwo partOne, ,
.
, . goalWeight[0] ,
. [0] , [1] - . .
0.5
partTwo partOne :
setAttr partOne.goalWeight[0] 0,5;
goal -w 0.5 -g partOne partTwo;
(. . 16.3). partTwo partOne
, , ,
, partOne .
. ,
.
, .
16. MEL
265
. 1S.3.

Maya,
, .
. -, Script Editor
:
addAttr -longName colorGreen -defaultValue 1
-attributeType double partOneShape;
addAttr -In colorRed -dv 1 -at double partTwoShape;
, Maya (shaded mode), Shading () .
(particleRenderType4).

0.5.
addAttr -longName radius -defaultValue 0.5 partOneShape;
addAttr -In radius -dv 0.5 partTwoShape;
'"-.-'-
-,"'
- . . : ' - - -
-/-
.-'
...
>
''_-.
."
-.-
:':.-
'.
~~ /
.'
\/^.
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'
" .
.,
,-'
-^ '
,^ ''' . - \
'
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'
'
.'l
-'
'\.
' ... '
. 0.5 Maya (grid) 5.0, (subdivisions) 5 (extent) 12.0000.

, Display > Grid Q.

Y , , . ,
(velocity) :
MEL Maya
266
particle -edit -id 0 -attribute velocity -vectorValue 0 2 0 partQne;

particle -e -id 0 -at velocity -vv 0 - 2 0 partTwo;
(velocity vector) ,
( ). . 16.4 ,
partTwo.
0. -Z, 0
. 16.4.
, . Script Editor
:
setAttr partOne.goalWeight[0] 0,2;
setAttr partTwo.goalWeight[0] 0 , 2 ;
, , . (. . 16.5).
. 16.5. partOne partTwo
16. MEL
267
,
, , . . 16.6
, Maya .
partOne
ector , - I , 0
VI
partOne result
. 16.6. Maya
(Goal vector - ; Vector - ; Goal - ; Result vector ; partOne result- partOne.)
MEL-
, Maya.
helloGoal. mel. .
// MEL-
/
, ,
300- .
" "*/
global proc helloGoal()

//
particle - 5 0 -5 -n partOne;
particle -p -5 0 5 - partTwo;
'.// sphere
setAttr partOne.prt 4;
setAttr partTwo.prt 4;
//
addAttr -In radius -dv 0.5 partOneShape;
addAttr -In radius -dv 0.5 partTwoShape;
268
MEL Maya
I/
addAttr -In colorGreen -dv 1 -at double partOneShape;
addAttr -In colorRed -dv 1 -at double partTwoShape;
// : 1 2, 2 1
goal -g partTwo -w 0.2 partOne;
goal -g partOne -w 0.2 partTwo;
//
// Y
particle -e -at velocity -id 0 -vv 0 3 0 partOne;
particle -e -at velocity -id 0 -vv 0 - 3 0 partTwo;
//
// '-
setAttr partOneShape.goalSmoothness 4.0;
setAttr partTwoShape.goalSmoothness 4.0;
// 1-300-
playbackQptions -min 1 -max 300;
}
, ,
Maya. helloGoal Maya.
Script Editor, Source, (. . 16.7).
. 16.7. File Script Editor

Script Editor helloGoal, Enter, .
! , Maya, .
16. MEL
269
2:
, , , NURBS- (. . 16.8). -,
(patch) ,
U V (UV). . 16.9 , UV
NURBS-.
. 16.8, ,
.
I V II
. 16.9. . U V NURBS-
, , , , UV 1 9 ,
UV , . 16.10.
- - , , , - ,
. - . . .
MEL Maya
270
. 16.10. U V
,
U V, , goall) goaiv.
NURBS-. NURBS- Maya, UV
. ,
,
, UV . NURBS, Script Editor:
nurbsPlane - 0 0 0 - 0 1 0 -w 1 -Ir 1 -d 3 - 1 -v 1 -ch 1;
, ,
- MEL. . 16.11 . , ,
. UV . , 3,
.
. 16.11.
16. MEL
273.
.
, Maya MEL. Panicles
(), Dynamics (), Create
Emitter ( ) , Omni
2. Create (), .
3 ,
. MEL- . , Maya
:
emitter -type omni - 0 3 0 - 2;
particle -n p a r t i c l e l ;
connectDynamic -en emitter"! p a r t i c l e l ;
n u r b s P l a n e . Maya MEL. Window > Outliner.
, , .
particlel, Ctrl, nurbsPlane.
Particles Goal. ,
MEL , Script Editor
Enter:
goal -w 1.0 -utr 0 -g n u r b s P l a n e l particlel;
(sphere),
. Attribute Editor ( ),
Particle Render Type ( ),
sphere (). , MEL, Script Editor Enter:
setAttr particlelShape.particleRenderType 4;
Current Render Type ( ), .
, . , 0.5 .
MEL- 1 ?
addAttr -is true -In radius -at "float" -min 0 -max 1
-dv 0 - 5 particlelShape;
, (nurbsPlane) ,
1, - 200
Maya,
MEL-:
272
MEL Afaya
. . 16.12 .
. 16.12. ,
nurbsPlane ,
F9, , (control vertices (CVs)). UV-
UV-
. , ,
UV ,
(particlel), Attribute Editor (Ctrl-), .

Per Particle (Array) Attributes ( ()) General (). Particle ().
, ,
, . goalU
goalV. , Ctrl, (. . 16.13).
Add (), Close ().
Per Particle (Array) Attributes.
MEL- :
addAttr -In goalU -dt doubleArray particlelShape;
addAttr -In goalUO -dt doubleArray particlelShape;
addAttr -In goalV -dt doubleArray particlelShape;
addAttr -In goalVO -dt doubleArray particlalShape;
16. MEL
273
Hf.'
?<;
CBtideT BWfchl I enUtal | hmbeitl |
PMete Rencb Tj [sptar

Add Attribute) For
Cunert Renda Ttse
(j Bender Stli
_j P Particle |AiraV) Attrbut
podt
IhPoahon UiWo'UPoMbn.
cotuiaiU '
cotofAcdjm:.!/ .
V| Md Dynamic AtUbiMBI
Genaal
P-*:
>j clip Eflocli AllrbulEi

_'J Sprile AHiibuloi
_>] Eitra Allitulot
Stlecl
LoKdAtlibulei
. 16.13.

addAttr goalU goalV goalUO goalVO. Maya goalUO
goalVO . goalU goalV.
, , . : .

, ,
, , , .
, , , , , ;
274
MEL Maya
II
//
- , (. . 16.14).
particlel Attribute Editor.
Per Particle (Array) Attributes. , ,
. , , goalU.
velocity () . Creation, Runtime
Component Editor. Creation, Expression Editor ( ).
:
//
goalU = 0.0;
goalV - 0 . 0 ;
Selected UbilAllr
particle1! Shape. goaM
G?(!--<sr. Ui-fc- & 1
- 'j-v?
Pailicle: I" Rurtirrg

Ediloi:
__
An
<" Qe-atbn
j Expression Ettto'r _*J
Expiesslon:
tl Creation
goalU=0.0;
goalVÔ.O;
. 16.14.
Create, , Close. Expression Editor , Maya. Windows > Animation Editors

> Expression Editor { > > ). Expression
Editor Select Filter > By Expression (
> ). ,
particleShapel (. . 16.15). , ,
Creation.
16. MEL
275
Expression Editor
Insert F
Creating Ex
Egression Name
I_
.1
: GJSelecliott
. pnpressiwis
1- particle IS
^.f-VU:,.'-''- f~
Default Object f

Runtime, . 16.16.
:
.Selected Obj&AHt |1Shape:
Runtime
Editor
Ar:g
Creation
I Expression Editor j
Expression:
. 16.16. Runtime
, . 16.17.
//
goalU = age;
goalV = age;
Create, Close.
Age . , , , UV- . Script Editor :
select - nurbsPlane1.cv[1:2][1:2];
move -a 0 4.0 0;
MEL Maya
276
Selected Obi 6 Attr tparfidel Shape

F
ert Ufi:
tS
Al
N-^s
Panicle: ^Runtime
Ar.
<"* Creation
E upretsicri
/Runtme
goalU= age;
goalV* age;
. 16.17.
, , Y .
4.0
Y, [1:2][1:2] . -
(replace) ,
, . -
(absolute), . . 16.18 .
.
. 16.18. ,
16. MEL
277

. , , .
numeric (), - ., UV-.
addAttr -is true -In pointSize -at long -min 1
-max 60 -dv 2 particlelShape;
addAttr -is true -In selectedOnly -at bool -dv false particlelShape;
addAttr -is true -dt "string" -In attributeName particlelShape;
setAttr -type "string" particlelShape.attriDuteName age;
Attribute Editor,
(. . 16.19).
_VJ Emission Random Stream Seed*
] Render Attributes
Pailicle Render Type [.Numeric1
AddAllrbutes F
,
''
Rsds-j;
. "\
Current Render Type
;K!
___ " Selected Only
J-J Rendei Stall
. 16.19. Numeric
goalU goaiv , . - , ,
, (velocity), (position) id. ,
, , Script Editor.
Expression Editor Maya. , Maya
. , goalU particleShapel.goalU.
:
//
//
278^
^ MEL Maya
particlelShape.goalU = 0.0;
particleTShape.goalV = 0.0;
//
//
particlelShape.goalU = particlelShape.age;
particlelShape.goalV = particlelShape.age,
Maya , ,
; ,
.

. , ,
, goalU goalV 1.0, UV .
,
lifeSpanPP. Lifespan Mode lifespanPP only,
. 16.20.
DieOnEmi)sionVolum*El
<| 1- Attribute* (tee alto pct-patticle tab]
Uespan Made | ifesparPP only -A
_Vj Time Attribute*
. 16.20. Lifespan Mode

MEL, :
setAttr particlelShape.lifespanMode 3;
:
//
if (goalV > ) {
lifespanPP = 0.0;
goalU, goalV , goalV
if, lifespanPP 0. (. . 16.21).
16. MEL
. 16.21.
279
,
U V .
UuVc
, . sin (), U
. ,
, sin U -1.0
1.0. U, abs.
0.0 1.0. age
, , , 6
.
. Maya Expression
Editor.
Window > Settings/Preferences > Hotkeys, Shift
+ Ctrl .
Expression Editor :
//
//
goalU = abs(sin(age * )};
goalV - age;
MEL Maya
280
II UV
// V
if (goalV > 1.0) {
lifespanPP - 0.0;
}
100
sphere:
setAttr emitterl.rate 100;
(. . 16.22).
. 16.22.
, UV
. , , ,
3-
NURBS- . 2, goalWeights, UVs. ,
, . , NURBS- ,
(. . 16.23).
16. MEL
. 16.23.
281
. nurbsPlane planel 0 0 0
:
nurbsPlane - - 0 1 0 -w 1 -1 1 -d 3 - 1 -v 1 -name planel;
planel 10 5. ,
xform, ,
.
xform -scale 5 5 5 planel;
xform -rotation 90 0 0 planel;
xform -translation 0 0 10 planel;
, plane2, -90 :
nurbsPlane - 0 0 0 - 0 1 0 -w 1 -1 1 -d 3 - 1 -v 1 -name planeS;
xform -scale 5> 5 5 plane2;
xform -rotation -90 0 0 plane2; //
xform -translation 0 0 -10 planeS;
. 16.24.
ball sphere () 0.4:
particle - -name ball;
setAttr ballShape.prt 4;
addAttr -is true -In radius -at "loat"-dv 0.4 ballShape;
:
goal -w 0 . 5 -utr 0 -g planel ball;
goal -w 0.5 -utr 0 -g plane2 ball;
282
. 16.24.
MEL Maya
1- 500- :
playbackQptions -min 1 -max 500;
goalU goalV ball:

addAttr -In goalU -dt doubleArray ballShape;
addAttr -In goalUO -dt doubleArray ballShape;
addAttr -In goalV -dt doubleArray ballShape;
addAttr -In goalVO -dt doubleArray ballShape;
2,
General (), Add Dynamic Attributes (
) Attribute Editor ( ). ,
goalU goalV ( Shift,
), (. . 16.25). goalU goaiv. Attribute Editor , 2,
Per Particle.
:
//
ballShape.goalU - 0.5;
ballShape.goalV = 0.5;
, . goalWeight , :
goalWeight[0] =1.0;
goalWeight[1] = 0.0;
16. MEL
", "
283
i .i f
. goaf/ JExf birthPositm

(arthWorldPositiori
cdlisipnU
4
collision /
floaIPP
|
,...._, coloriccun
lifespanPP \
worldVelocity I
__.^ -^_ _, x,,^-^ .p; I irn-anqjescencg
j Add Dynamic Atlrrt)ule j^candescencePP
lineWidth
General
muhiCount
IJ Clip Effect* Attributes multiRadius
InorrnaDir
. 16.25.
goalU goalV
, planel .
, MEL,
5. MEL-
; :
dynExpression -s (
"// \" +
"goalU = 0 . 5 ; \ " +
"goalV = 0 . 5 ; \ " +
"goalWeight[0] = 1 . 0 ; \ " +
"goalWeight[1] = 0 . 0 ; "
) -creation ballShape;
, dynExpression , , , Maya.
,
, .
, , , Expression Editor,
Maya ballShape . ,
, goalV ballShape. goalV , Expression Editor.
2
, , , goalWeights 0.0 1.0. sin (),
2,
(. . 16.26).
MEL Maya
284
sin(x)
*
-2
-1
. 16.26.
;
time. Expression Editor :
//
goalWeight[Q] = sin(time);
goalWeight . Script Editor,
. , :
print ( " \ " ;
print ("Goal one = " + goalWeight[0] + "\);
Script Editor . . 16.27
.
ge*l on* -0.9916S3e?13

goaj. on* -.989491.
1 - -0-5792077686
. 16.27. 1
, goalWeight ,
abs ( ) . abs sin , 0.
, ,
, ,
16. MEL
285
. Expression Editor goalWeight

:
ballShape.goalWelght[0] = abs(sin(time));
Enter. . 16.28.
,
. ,
cos () , 90
sin. . 16.29 , sin cos .
|M Script Editor
" edit.
! otl*
oal an* - 0 . e S 7 4 9 6 S 6 * 6
on* -
0.9799763
. 16.28. 1 abs
. 16.29.
goalWeight[1]. ,
:
//
goa!Weight[0] = abs(sin(time});
goalWeight[1] = abs(cosCtime));
print("\n">;
print ("goal one - " + goalWeight[0] + "\n");
print ("goal two = " + goalWeight[1] + "\n");
286
MEL Maya
. 16.30 .
. 15.30.

,
.
f req ,
.
Attribute Editor Add Dynamic Attribute ( ). General ,
. , Channel Box, ,
Expression (). f req Attribute Name ( ).
. ,
Float. Attribute Type ( ) Scalar ()
, .
Numeric Attribute Properties ( ) 1.0 Minimum
(), 12.0 Maximum () 1.0 Default ( ) ,
. 16.31.
Add OK: Maya ballShape.
Channel Box, freq
. MEL
:
addAttr -In freq -at double -min 1 -max 12 -dv 1.0 ballShape;
setAttr -e -keyable true ballShape.freq;
16. MEL
"New j Patch |11|
287
.]
Alt*meNemt j&eq
P MakaAHnbule|(.ayable
Oi* TjfpB
f* Vactof
.'ff ftoal
f" Iniedr
^ Slmg
<" Eoolem
*" from
Alliibule " "

-; ^ Seal*
Pe,partide(Anjy|
Numeiic Al UHmt Pi ooerli

iMirWnwn
1
^Dda^_
EnumNamn
. 16.31. f req

Channel Box. Expression Editor
. :
//
goalWeight[0] = abs(sin(time * freq)};
goalWeight[1] = abs(cos(time * freq)};
print, .
print .
Edit Close . Channel Box
freq, (. . 16.32).
GoalActive[1J
Cache Data
* Depth
Particle Render [Spheres
Lifespan ji
Radius (o.4
Freq fe"~~"
. 16.32. freq Channel Box
288
MEL ^
. f req
, , 4, 8 12, ,
. , /
.
, ,
. f req.
4> , 2
,
, . MEL-, NURBS- (. . 16.33).
. 16.33. ,

,

.
, , . , ,
, -, , ,
.
, ,
,
.
16. MEL
289

Maya . Maya chapter!6.ma
- www.m_kp.com/MELscripting. 1- 150- , . 16.34.
, ,
50, 100- , , , 50-, 150- .
. 16.34, Outliner
, (Ball, 3) plane! !,
plane4 plane2, planel. MEL- ,
.

, p l a n e l ,
. planel .
,
SPstart xform. planel .
, Script Editor Script Editor
Maya (. . 16.35). :
float SPstart[] = ' x f o r m -q -a -translation p l a n e l ' ;
:
$Pstart = ' x f o r m -q -a -translation p l a n e l ' ;
// Result; 0 5 14 //
. 16.35.
10- 132
Script Editor
MEL Maya
290
MEL- $Pstart. -q ,
- , xform . , SPstart.
print:
print SPstart;
MEL :
print $Pstart;
5
14
, , , SPstart
, .
SPstart $Pstart[0], $Pstart[1] $Pstart[2],
goalWeights . $Pstart[0] 0, $Pstart[l] 5,
a $Pstart[2] 14. SPstart X, Y Z, xf rm.
Ball ,
X, Y Z, SPstart, sphere.
:
particle -n Ball -p $Pstart[0] $Pstart[1] $Pstart[2] - 1;
setAttr BallShape.particleRenderType 4;
Ball plane! (. . 16.36).
. 16.36.
16. MEL
291

, .
,
, , .
, MEL- ,
. Maya planel , . 16.37, Shift .
. 16.37.

(Pick first - ; Pick second - ;
Pick third - ; Pick fourth - )
Script Editor :
string $planes[] = 'Is -si';
Is -si , , . $planes , ,
. , , S
print $planes;
MEL :
print $planes;
planel
planeS
plane4
plane2
292
MEL Maya
, , $planes[0] planet, a $planes[3] plane2. , 0 ( 1)

3 ( 4). Splanes: .
MEL, :
size($planes);
MEL :
size($planes);
// Result: 4 //
. whatls , .
:
whatls "Splanes";
MEL :
whatls "Splanes";
//Result: string[] variable//
:
whatls "$Pstart";
MEL :
whatls "SPstart";
//Result: float[] variable//
, , MEL
. , [] ,
- , - . whatls //Result; float variable//,
, .
. , Splanes .
goal -w 0 -utr 0 -g $planes[0] Ball;
, .
16. MEL
293

,
. goalU goalV ,
3. MEL
Maya.
addAttr -In goalU -dt doubleArray BallShape;
addAttr -In goalLJO -dt doubleArray BallShape;
addAttr -In goalV -dt doubleArray BallShape;
addAttr -In goalVO -dt doubleArray BallShape;
MEL.
, Expression Editor ,
, - . 3?
:
dynExpression -s (
"// \\" +
" goalU - 0.5;\" +
" goalV = 0.5;\n\n"
} -creation BallShape;
\n , Expression
Editor (. . 16.38). Expression Editor.
d Bodies
fo
General Editors
Rendering Editors
Animation Editors
Relationship Editors
Settings/Preferences
Attribute Editor...
Outliner,..
Hypergraph...
Pant Effects..;
UV Texture Editor.,.
Effects''
7.
yi:,l,
^~*
"
flat
i S5S
ir-jar:
Graph Editor.,
Trax Editor...
Dope Sheet..'
Blend Shape..
Expression Editor...
Devlcs Editor^. ^
J-

Select Filter > By Expression Name Expression Editor,
BallShape. , (. . 16,39). , , \.
294
MEL Maya
Convert Units: (* All
"" Ncne
" Angn
Particle: < Runtime
<*" Creation
Editor
I Expression Editor |
Expression:
// Creation
BallShape.goalU = O.S;
BallShape. goalV = 0 - 5 ;
. 16.39.
Expression Editor

, . .
goalWeigtits, , ,
. , 3:
abs(sin(time));
abs(cos(time));
,
.
, ,
. linstep (linear step - ) .
linstep :
linstep (value_from. value_to, percentage)
, goalWeights :
goalWeight[0] - linstep(0.0. 1.0, sin(time)};
goalWeight[1] = linstep(0.0, 1.0, cos(time));
. 16.40 sin, cos linstep. sin cos
, linstep , , 0.0 1.0, 1.0 0.0. sin cos,
, 0.0 1.0 0.0.
. time Maya. time sin cos.
, , :
goalWeight[0] = linstep'CO. , 1 . 0 , c o s ( t i m a ) ) ;
goalWeight[1] = linstep(0,0, 1.0, sin(tine));
g o a l W e i g h t [ 2 ] - l i n s t e p f O . O , 1.0, s i n ( ( t i m e ) + 2 4 ) ) ;
goalWeight[3] - linstep(0.0, 1.0. c o s ( ( t i m e ) + 46));
16. MEL
295
. 16.40. sin, cos linstep

24 46 ,
sin cos .
Channel Box (. . 16.41').
Goal Staoothries [I
Goal Weight[0] 37~~
Goal Weight[1 ]
Goal Weiglrt[33
Cache Data i off
. 16.41. Goal Weight Channel Box
freq, ,
, . (time). :
//
// freq 4
float $freq = 4 . 0 ;
//
296
MEL Maya
goalWeight[Q] - linstepfO.O, 1.0. cos((time * Sfreq)));

goalWeight[1] - linstep(0.0, 1.0. sin((time * Sfreq}));
goalWeight[2] = linstep(0.0, 1.0, sin({tine * $freq) + 24));
goalWeight[3] = linstep(0.0, 1.0, cos((time - $freq) + 46));
MEL :
dynExpression -s (
"// \\" +
"// freq 4.\\" +
"float $freq = 4.0;\n\rT +
"// '\\" +
"goalWeight[0] = linstep(0.0, 1.0, cos((time $freq)));\n" +
"goalWeight[1] = linstep(0. 0, 1.0, sin((time $ f r e q ) ) ) ; \ n " +
"goalWeiQht[2] = linstepCO.O, 1.0, sin((time $freq) + 24));\n" +
"goalWeight[3] = linstep(0.0, 1.0, cos((time $freq) + 46));"
) -runtime BallShape;
MEL-.
:
//
// MEL-: ballTravel
//
// : chapter16.ma
//
// : NURBS-
//
//
// : $freq
// Expression Editor
//
global proc ballTravel( } {
//
string $planes[] = 'Is -si';
// ,
if (size($planes != 4) {
error " \"; // .
II
16. MEL
/!
float SPstart = 'xform -q -a -translation $planes[0]';

particle -n Ball -p $Pstart[0] $Pstart[1] $Pstart[2] -c1;
// sphere
setAttr BallShape.particleRenderType 4;
//
// goalU goalV Ball
addAttr -In goalll -dt doubleArray BallShape;
addAttr -In goalUO -dt doubleArray BallShape;
addAttr -In goalV -dt doubleArray BallShape;
addAttr -In goalVO -dt doubleArray BallShape;
//
//
dynExpression -s (
"// \\" +
" goalU = 0.5;\" +
" goalV - 0.5;\n\n"
) -creation BallShape;
dynExpression -s (
"// \n\n" +
"// freq 4.\n\n" +
"float $freq = 4.0;\n\n" +
"// \n\n" +
"goalWeight[0] - linstep(0.0, 1.0, cos((time - $freq)));\n" +
"goalWeight[1] = linstepCO.O, 1.0, sin((time - $freq)));\n" +
"goalWeight[2] - linstep(0.0, 1.0, sin((time - Sfreq) + 24});\n" +
'goalWeight[3] = linstep(0.0, 1.0, cos((time * $freq) + 46}};"
} -runtime BallShape;
// ,
// ballTravel Script Editor
} // global proc
297
298
MEL Maya
, ,
ball-Travel Script Editor,
(. . 16.42).
. 16.42. ,
17
MEL

, ,
. MEL , ,
.
, MEL ,
,
, ,
, , .
1:
,
.
(. . 17.1).
NURBS, .
. 17.1. ,
MEL Maya
300
(polygon
grid) .

Create > Polygon Primitives > Plane D ( >
> ). Polygon Plane Options ( ).
4X4, . 17.2.
nmiwes
Vatme PrimlBves
Lights
'
afcere
Cube
Cylinder
CV Cif *e Too!
EO Qjrva Tcol
Panel! Curve Tacl
..
r Kit
' 1;1 Plane

Locstor
. 17.2. Polygon Plane Options

, , Script Editor (. . 17.3)
MEL-:
polyPlane -width 1 -height 1 -subdivisionsX 4 -subdivisionsY 4
-axis 0 1 0;
. 17.3. Script Editor

(He Enter
.)
,
pPlane! ( ) 6 scale X, Y Z Channel
Box. Floor Channel Box (. . 17.4).
17, MEL
'Channels., Object
301
' ' -
Floor
Translate X
Translate V 0
Translate Z 0- .
Rcrtate X D
Rotate Y "o"~
^
Rotate Z 0
Scale X 12
Scale V 12
Scab! '12
Visibility on
. 17.4. floor Channel Box

, MEL
rename setAttr:
rename pPlanel Floor;
setAttr Floor.scaleX 6;
setAttr Floor.scaleY 6;
setAttr Floor.scaleZ 6;
Grid () Display (),
Floor.

. -, , Dynamics ()
Particles > Create Emitter > ( > > )
(. . 17.5).
4.0: -\untitl
511 , .d.[*: Codify Cre
7)
. 17.5.

(. . 17.6). () Directional (), Rate () 30, a Directions () X = , Y = -1.0 Z = 0.
Spread () 0.2, 4
Y, , Floor.
302
MEL Maya
iffi.Fin liter Options fOedtf)

^
Errilta Name
Eniltei Attributes
^
Erria
Rate'jParbd/Ssc|
Cyde Emission (lineRandom cff] *j
.^^"
~,r
- j DirtanoWDitui.tinn Attribute*
'MDiilaice WOCO
... 'j
- Mm Didance'(0000 ,; '/ 'J

DieeliniK [nOOD~ ,',< I-, '
. 17.6.
MEL- . ,
, Y -position.
, ,
, . , . Emit 0,
EmitShape 1.
string SeObject [] = 'emitter -position 0 4 0 -type direction
-name Emit -rate 30 -speed 1 -spread 0.2 -dx 0 -cty -1.0 -dz 0 ' ;
Maya, . MEL . , , , , (particlei) . ,
connectDynamic:
s t r i n g $pObject[] = ' p a r t i c l e 1 ;
connecrtDynamic -em $eObject[0] $pObject[0];
1-500
. (. . 17.7).
17, MEL
. 17.7.
303
, , ,
MEL-:

particlel. , Shift, Floor.
Particles () Make Collide ( )
(. . 17.8).
Particle Tool
Create Emitter
Uss Selected Emitter
Per-Pdint Emission Rates
Particle Collision Events.,.
. 17.8.
Make Collide
MEL- :
collision -resilience 1.0 -friction 0.0 Floor;
connectDynamic -collisions Floor particlel;
MEL ^^
geoConnector, Floor^ , connectDynamic particle! Floor , (floor).

, Window > HyperGraph ( > ) Floor (. . 17.9). Up and DownStream
Connections (. . 17.10). . 17.11 , Hypergraph.
General Editors
Rendering Editors
Animation Editors
Relationship Editors
Settings/Preferences
Attribute Editor,..
.Gutliner.,,
. 17.9. Hypergraph
. 17.10. Up and DownStream Connections
. 17.11. geoConnector,

, , particlel ,
(. . 17.12).
17. MEL
305
. 17,12. ,
:
MEL, , . -, geoConnectorl,
. Floor Maya Channel
Box, geoConnectorl. ,
Tessellation Factor ( ), 200. Floor . tessellation 20 '{ ), .
, (. . 17.13).
. 17.13.
. . . .
306
^ MEL Maya
Trace Depth ( ). 10.

0, .
, Maya .
traceDepthpp,
. , , /.
. ,
NURBS-, .
NURBS-, Maya , NURBS . , . ,
, .
.s"-^\^\s\/'-^^/\/^-S\S-^^^
"^/^VV'rX^V\X^\x
^.^'-'^
geoConnector
, geoConnector, Resilience () Friction (). , - .
, . Floor geoConnectorl Channel Box.
Resilience 0.0, a Friction 0.5 (. . 17.14).
OUTPUTS
geoConnectorl
Tessellation Factor [200
Resilience
, Friction f
. 17.14.
geoConnsctor!
MEL :
setAttr geoConnectorl.resilience 0.0;
setAttr geoConnectorl.friction 0.2;
. 17.15 . particle!
.
17. MEL
. 17.15.
307
MEL
, Floor ,
particle! .
, .
Floor -26.00 X:
xforn -rotation -26 Floor;
Floor 3.0 Z, -3.0
Y. 26.0 X.
duplicate -name Floor"! Floor;
xform -a translation 0 -3 -3 Floor!;
xform -a rotation 26 0 0 Floorl;
particle! Floor!,
geoConnector
, geoConnectorl.
collision -resilience 0 -friction 0 . 2 Floorl;
connectDynamic -collisions Floorl particle!;
particle!, Floor:
gravity -magnitude 3 -attenuation 0.0;
connectDynamic -fields gravityFieldl particle!;
308
^ MEL Maya
, particlel sphere 0.2.

setAttr particlel. particleRenderType 4;
addAttr -longName radius -defaultValue 0.2 particleShapel;
. 17.16 .
, , MEL.
, MEL .
. 17.16.
:
(event). . 17.17 .

. MEL-.
. File > Open ( > ) chapter 17.ma Web-, :
www. mki^com/MELscriotins.
17. MEL
. 17.17.
309
bucketl, bucket2 buckets.

NURBS-,
Polygon () Revolve () (. . 17.18).
. 17.18.
chapterl 7.ma
MEL Maya
310

, ,
, bucket!, bucket 1
bucket2.- bucket2
, buckets. MEL-, .

Dynamics () (. . 17.19) ,
Particles > Create Emitter > ( > > ).
waterEmi-t 100, -1.0 Y 0.2 (. . 17.20).
'File i Edit-,Modify
Dynamic*
Create
Display VWiidQW'
! j
. 17.19.
Create Emitter
35 Help
EnnKiB Name jnat1 [
'.-I Basic Emitter AKribulet
j Directional [
Hals particles/See) (TOO '
Cycle Emisiion | Hone [liniERanclom off] ^-J

1
i * Diglance /Direction AttiibutB*
DieqtonZ (.1
; '
' j fle*"x: Enunion Speed Attributes
. 17.20.
bucketi, ,
X = , Y = 9.0 Z = 0. , MEL.
17. MEL
311
Script Editor :
string $eQbject[] = 'emitter -name waterEmit -position 0 9 0
-type direction -rate 100
-spread 0.2 -dx 0 -dy -1.0 -dz 0';
string SpObject + [] = 'particle';
connectOynamic -emitter $e'0bject[0] $pObject[0];
1 500 , . ,
bucket! (. . 17.21).
. 17.21.
bucketl
sphere. , ,
, 0.
collision -resilience 0.3 - f r i c t i o n 0.0 bucketl;
connectDynamic -collisions bucketl particlel;
setAttr particlel.particleRenderType 4;
addAttr -longName radius -defaultValue 0.1 particleShapel;
. . 17.22 ,
.
MEL Maya
312
. 17.22. ,

1 , MEL-. ,
connectDynamic. Window > Relationship Editors > Dynamic Relationships
( > > ) (. . 17.23).
RendeTinq Editors
Animation Editors
Attribute, Editor.
Cutliner.,,-'
Hypergrapb...
Paint Effects...
uVTextire Editor,,.
Defer mer Sets,

Character Sets.
Partitions^.,
Display Layers,.
Render Layers...
. 17.23. Dynamic Relationships

particlel, ,
Collisions SELECTION MODES. bucketshapel
(. . 17.24).
17. MEL
M Dynamic Relationships
Help .' ' . ".,,,;, '" ' - _^ -"-.-,!;;!!

'lop
front
.,*c
\
SELECTO'N MODES -
Fields ff ICoifeionsj f. Emitleis
v
4^ bucket! H: i|| linl >."
313
pa;'.ic!e1
IIJ!J| bucketl Shape
/;"!' ;
''$
bucket2
^\buckets
1
delaultLigKtSet
. 17.24. Dynamic Relationships

, ,
MEL- connectDynamic. , .

, 150 . ,
Max Count particlel 150. Channel Box (
-1, Maya ).
MEL- :
setAttr particleShapel.maxCount 150;
MEL, Script Editor. particlel, MEL-:
gravity -magnitude 10 -attenuation 0.3 -dx 0 -dy -1 -dz 0;
connectDynamic -fields gravityFieldl particlel;
. 17.25 .
. 17.25. bucketl
314
MEL Maya
150 bucket 1, particlel , - ,

.
'
(2 3) .
., . MEL:
collision -resilience 0.3 -friction 0.0 bucket2;
collision -resilience 0.3 -friction 0.0 buckets;
connectDynamic -collisions bucket2 particlel;
connectDynamic -collisions buckets particlel;
particlel , bucketl.
, bucketl.
(split) (emit) .
. , ,
MEL-, , .
(event object), ,
Maya . MEL- particlel -, MEL, Maya .
( ):
event -name mainEvent -die 0 -count 0 - eventProc p a r t i c l e l ;
, eventProc MEL-. -name
. -die 0 ,
, . , -count
, , , , ,
.
MEL-, ,
eventProc, : -, , -, , Id , , -,
. ,
:
17. MEL
315
global proc eventProc (string Sparticle, int $Id, string SgeoObj);

,
. 17.26. , Id ,
, , . .
TUTtedit: Format Help, '
// eventProc
global proc eventProc (string Spa-title, int $Id, string SgeoObj)
. 17.26.
eventProc
, , , , , .
, .
, eventProc
.
Script Editor :
addAttr -In collisionCheck -at long -min 0 -max 1 -keyable 1
-dv 0 bucket"!;
-dv 0 bucket2;
-dv 0 buckets;
,
eventProc 0 1 . , . , Channel Box .
eventProc , .
if, , , Id
120, bucket"!. , bucketl.collisionCheck 0 1.
, . 17.27, eventProc.
316
MEL Maya
QeventProe - Notepad
// eventProc
global proc eventProc (string Spartide, hit $ld, string $geoCbj)
'
if (($id == 120) aa ($geoQbj = =" bucket!")) {

setAttr ($geoObj + ".collisfanCrieck") li
. 17.27. eventProc no
, " bucketl"
b u c k e t l . - , Maya
eventProc.
if (( $Id == 120) && (SgeoObj == " bucketl")) {
setAttr (SgeoObj + ".collisionCheck") 1;
}
. eventProc ,
.
eventProc. mel, Maya , MEL- , , . , , getenv("MAYA_SCRIPT_PATH") Script
Editor. , Maya , ,
, Maya,
, .
// eventProc
global proc eventProc (string Sparticle, int $Id, string SgeoCbj)
{
if (( $Id == 120) && (SgeoObj == " bucketl")) {
setAttr ($geoObj + ".collisionCheck") 1;
}
if (( $Id == 120) && (SgeoObj == " bucket2")) {
}
if (( $Id == 120) && (SgeoObj == " bucket3")) {
17, MEL
317
Script Editor
eventProc (. . 17.28). , , , .
MEL, Script Editor :
source eventProc.mel;
. 17.28.
Source Script
event MEL
, eventProc, :
event -name mainEvent -die 0 -count 0 -proc eventProc particlel;

, , 1,
Id 120 , ,
, 1.
. -, ,
collisionCheck 0 1.
, collisionCheck 0
. -,
0 0 0 1.
Expression Editor, Window > Animation Editors > Expression Editor
( > > ) (. . 17.29).
. 17.29.
Expression Editor
318_
MEL
Maya
:
// bucket(1-3). collisionCheck
//
if (frame == 1) { // , 1
setAttr bucketl. collisionCheck 0;
setAttr bucket2. collisionCheck 0;
setAttr buckets. collisionCheck 0;
// collisionChecks
//
if (frame 1) { // , 1
bucketl . rotateX = 0;
bucket2.rotateX - 0;
buckets. rotateX = 0; // rotateX -
\
collisionCheck
.
, , collisionCheck. , setAttr
collisionCheck. ,
collisionCheck,
eventProcO .
bucket. collisionCheck = 1
.
rotateX , collisionCheck
. :
// +=,
// rotateX
if (bucketl. collisionCheck != 0) { // ,
//
if (bucketl. rotateX > -111) { // -111 rotateX
bucketl. rotateX += -2; // X -2
if (bucket?. collisionCheck !- 0) { //. bucket2,

//
if (bucket2. rotateX < 111) { //
//
17. MEL
319
bucket2. rotateX += 2;
if (buckets. collisionCheck != 0) {
// , bucketl
if (buckets. rotateX > -111) {
buckets. rotateX += -2;
, Create (). . 17.30

.
. 17.30.
.
. - geoConnectors 600. , ,
. MEL:
setAttr geoConnectoM, tessellationFactor 600;
setAttr geoConnector2.tessellationFactor 600;
setAttr geoConnectorS.tessellationFactor 600;
bucket2 0.2,
. :
setAttr geoConnector2.friction 0.2;
320^
MEL Maya
, - , , , , .
Playblast,
. ,
Scale Playblast. Playblast , Windows > Playblast .
;

2 .
,
, . . 17.31
.
3 x 3 . Create > Polygon Primitives > Plane ( > >
), 4 . Plane (. . 17.32).
. 17.31.
17. MEL
. 17.32.
321
Polygon Plane Options ( )
pPlanel grid Channel Box scale X, Y

Z 4, 4 4. Script Editor, :
rename pPlanel g r i d ;
x f o r r n -worldSpace -scale 4 4 4 g r i d ;
He , Script Editor .
.
xform ,
, , , move, scale
rotate.
xform.
grid ~ (shader).
shadingMap grid, Windows > Rendering Editors > HyperShade (. . 17.33).
I Id Badli
Effects
Solver
^^1^^
General Editor
Relationship bit*s
1 s jSetfiricis/Freferences
Attribute Editor... :
r.*4^." i
Render View,,.
Hardware Render Buffer,
Render Gtabals. ..,-
Renders Elans...
. 17.33. Hypershade
21
- , , . - . . .
11- 1303
MEL Maya
322
shadingHap Create Materials ( ),

Shading Map (. . 17.34).
. 17.34.
Shading Map Hypershade
shadingMapl shadingMap Hypershade,

. , grid,
shadingMap , , Assign Material (
) Selection ( ). grid shadingMap
. , ,
. ,
, :
rename shadingMaplSG shadingMapSG;

grid ,
, ,
, .
, , shadingHap
. ,
shadingMap.
:
global g r i d D u p (} {
,
:
SgridArray = {"-4 0 -4", "-4 0 0", "-4 0 4", " 0 -4", " 0 4",
"4 0 -4", "4 ", "4 0 4 " } ;
eval, SgridArray , -
17. MEL
323
xform. , grid
shadingHap, . Maya
.
for ($i - 0; $i < 8; $i++) {
// duplicate -rr grid;
$cmd = "xform -worldSpace -translation" +
($gridArray[$i] + " grid"-*- ($i + 1));
eval(Scmd);
// shadingMap
//
duplicate -name ("shadingMap" + $i + "SG") -upstreamNodes shadingMapSG;
sets -e -forceElement ("shadingMap" + $i + "SG") ("grid" + ($i + 1});
} //
}; //
, gridt, grid2, grids . .
$i 0, $i + 1
. $i 0, , ,
gridl . ,
$1 $1.

, "grid" .
, gridDup.mel. Script Editor
Source Script (. . 17.35). , .
" Open Script'.'.'

Source Script,.,
Saves Source Script
Look-in:
seripis'
. 17.35. Source Script
MEL Maya
324
. ,
. ,
. , , , ,

grid shadingMapl.
Script Editer g r i d D u p .mel Enter . ,
. . 17.36 , Maya. . 17.37 , HyperShade.
. 17.36.
. 17.37. Hypershade
17. MEL
325

, .
Script Editor poiyCube :
polyCube -name collisionBox -w 1 -h 1 -cf 1 -sx 1 -sy 1 -sz 1 -ax 0 1 0
-tx 1 -ch 1;
, :
x f o r n -worldSpace -scale 12 12 12 collisionBox;
x f o r m -worldSpace -translation 0 5 0 collisionBox;
Shading > Smooth Shade All Shade Options > WireFrame on Shaded
(persp Panel). ,
, .
Hypershade lambertl,
collisionBox . lambertl Transparency ()
(. . 17.38). . 17.39 , .
. 17.38.
lambertl
. 17.39.
MEL Maya
326
collisionBox
collisionBox Display > Polygon Components > Normals ( > > ) (. . 17.40).
, . , ,
.
Tentijrjng
RsnOsr
''!
Hide
Show
IKHV Panels
Wireframe Color..,
DbJactBfesHf
f
I IF.'.. (1
"-|..[
Border Edges"
| * Surfaca ^^ ^
L?^!w S^^!?1^.^^
Fast Interaction
ight Manpjlatcr
Fie Centers
Ws
Lonq Normals
. 17.40. Show Normals

, (. . 17.41).
. 17.41. ,
17, MEL
327
, polynormal Script Editor.

polyNormal -normalMode 0 -ch 1 collisionBox.f[0:5];
,
collisionBox. f [0:5]. . Object (), Select by Object Type
( ) (. . 17.42). . 17.43 .
View
. 17.42. Select by Object Type
Flipped Normal I
. 17.43.
, Display > Polygon
Components > Normals ( > > )
collisionBox.

. -,
Ball. Script Editor :
polySphere -name Ball ~r 1 -subdivisionsX 12 -subdivisionsY 12
-ax 0 1 0 -tx 1 -ch 1;
328
MEL Maya
xform -worldSpace -scale 1.0 1.0 1.0;

xform -worldSpace -translation 0 5 0 ;
Dynamics () Ball Soft/Rigid Body >

Create Active Rigid Body > (/ >
> ). ,
. Ball , collisionBox
. ,
, . ,
.
Ball . 17.44. , , Static Friction ( ) - 0.1, Bounciness () - 0.8
Damping () - 0.1.
Rigid odj Attribute*
Particle Collision ;
W Aclive
Mass |10DO;~"
Sal Cento olMass
_
'Static Friction J01 '"""
Dynamic FticBon J0.200
Bounones! ]n,8 r;,; ,.
J
J
,j
Damping |oiOO
Impulse: X |~~
' :;'"- :|,

,
Impulse Position: X (a QQQ ;

Y |aOHl
'SjuDCO
* '"
Spn Impulse: !
Y|O.OOO
z (aoop;.
. 17.44. Ball ( Rigid Body Attributes)

Initial Settings ( ) ,
. 17.45. , Initial Spin ( ) ,
360, Initial Velocity ( ) 12, 0 -12. Performance
Attributes ( ) Stand In () Sphere
() (. . 17.46).
17. MEL
329
Initial Stifling*
Initial SpKX [0.000
. 17,45.
Ball
'r\ Performance Atliibulet

Sland In j Sphere _]
Teisdlalion JSM
Collision Layer JO
. 17.46.
Ball
MEL- :
rigidBody -active -m 1 -dp 0.1 -sf 0.1 -df 0.2 -b 0.8 -1 0 -tf 500
-iv 12 0 -12
-lav 0 0 360 -c 0 -pc 0 -i 0 0 0 -imp 0 0 0 -si
-sio sphere Ball;

Hypergraph, ,
(. . 17.47).
. 17.47.
Hypergraph
330
MEL Maya
collisionBox .
collisionBox. ,
Ball , Passive Rigid Body > ( > CJ). ,
, , Stand In none,
Initial Settings 0.
MEL- :
rigidBody -passive -m 1 -dp 0.1 -sf 0.2 -df 0.2 -b 0.7 -1 0 -tf 600
-iv
-iav 0 0 0 -c 0 -pc 0 -i 0 0 0 -imp 0 0 0 -si
-sio none collisionBox;
, gravity 3
HturbulenceField 20. Attenuation () ,
, . MEL ( Maya,
Ball, Ball):
gravity -pos 0 0 0 -m 3 -att 0 -dx 0 -dy -I -dz 0 -mxd -1;
turbulence -pos 0 0 0 -m 20 -att 0 -f 1 -mxd -1;
connectDynamic -f g r a v i t y F i e l d l Ball;
connectDynamic -f turbulenceFieldt Ball;
1 300 :
, Ball
collisionBox. Script
Editor:
// Warning: Cycle on 'Ball.worldMatrix[0]' may not evaluate as
expected. (Use 'cycleCheck -e off to disable this warning.) //
cycleCheck -e off Script Editor.
, Ball
.
MEL Ball, rigidBody:

select - grid gridl grid2 gridS grid4 gridS grid6 grid7 grid8;
rigidBody -passive -m 1 -dp 0.1 -sf 0 . 2 -df 0 . 2 - 0.7 -1 0 -tf 600
-iv 0 0 0 -iav 0 0 0 -c 0 -pc 0 -i 0 0 0 -imp 0 0 0 -si
-sio none;
17. MEL
331
for, , . , ,
MEL- ,
, ,
, .
grid
gridl grids, grid , , .
Script Editor rigidBody,
:
rigidBody -passive -m 1 -dp 0.1 -sf 0 . 2 -df 0 . 2 -b 0.7 -1 0 -tf 600
-iv 0 0 0 -iav 0 0 0 -c 0 -pc 0 -i 0 0 0 -imp 0 0 0 -si
-sio none g r i d ;
for:
for ($i = 1; $i < 9; $i++) {
rigidBody -passive -m 1 -dp 0.1 -sf 0 . 2 -df 0.2 -b 0 . 7 -1 0 -tf 600
-iv
-iav 0 0 0 -c 0 -pc 0 -i 0 0 0 -imp 0 0 0 -si
-sio none ("grid" + $i);

\
, Ball
, '!. , Solvers > Rigid Body
Solver ( > ) Display Label (
). , ,
(. . 17.48).
* js,*!,^ I
CJIHIB ! Botif!
11
!___
rodbohir- |ii*S!i(
^&J i-
, (*Hq [.TRigMSDlye
. 17.48. Display Label Rigid Body Solver
332
MEL Maya
Shading > Shade Options ( > ) Wireframe on Shaded ( ) (. . 17.49).
. 17.49.

, Attribute Editor rigidSolver. Solvers > Rigid
Body Solver ( > ) Contact Data
( ) Rigid Solver States ( )
(. . 17.50). ,
.
.
. 17.50.
Contact Data Rigid Body Solver
^ MEL
333

, RGB-
shadingMap Ball, Bal . , . ,
rigidBodyS - rigidBodyfl.
rigidBody3, Expression Editor ( )
Windows > Animation Editors > Expression Editor ( > > ). rigidBodyS, Outliner
Display Shapes ( ).
+, , (. . 17.51).
Isplay Show..'Panels
gridSShepo
. 17.51.
Display shapes Outline

rigidBodyS
Expression Editor :
// , 1- ,
//
if (frame == 1) {
setAttr shadingMap.shadingMapColor -type doubles 0.5 0.5 0.5 ;

// , Ball,
// RGB
if ( rigidBodyS.contactCount > 0 ) {
setAttr shadingMap.shadingMapColor -type doubles (rand(0,1))
(rand(0,1)) (rand(O.l));
MEL Maya
334
, contactcount 0 . 1, 2 . . .
, , 0, ,
.
,
, Create. Play,
,
Ball, (turbulence). ,
Script Editor:
setAttr r i g i d B o d y l . i n i t i a l V e l o c i t y X 0;
setAttr rigidBodyl. initialVel-ocityZ 0;
setAttr rigidBodyl.initialSpinZ 0;
setAttr t u r b u l e n c e F i e l d l . m a g n i t u d e 0;
Shading ()
Hardware Texturing ( ),
(. . 17.52). , Display >
Grid ( > ), .
. 17.53 .
Wireframe
Smooth Shade All'
Smooth Shade Selected Items
Flat Shade All
Flat Shade Selected Its ms
Bounding Box
Points
Shade Options
.InteracSveShad hg'.:=: .
,' Dense Wireframe Acceleration
" Culling
. 17.52. Hardware Texturing

grid , Ball
. for,
s h a d i n g H a p
.
MEL-, $expstring, MEL- expression. , rigidBody4 rigidBodyl 1,
shadingMap shadingMapl shadingMapS.
17. MEL
. 17.53.
335
Script Editor for, $i, $j

.
Script Editor f o r : "
for ($i = 4, $j = 1; $i < 12, $j < 9; $i++, $j++) {
$expstring = "\nif (frame == 1) {\n";
Sexpstring += "setAttr";
Sexpstring += ("shadingMap" + $j + ".shadingMapColor");
$expstring += " -type doubles 0 . 5 0.5 0.5;\n";
Sexpstring += "};\n";
Sexpstring += "if (";
Sexpstring += ("rigidBody" + $i + ".contactCount"};
Sexpstring += " > 0) {\n";
Sexpstring += "setAttr";
Sexpstring +- ("shadingMap" + $j + ".shadingMapColor");
Sexpstring += " -type doubles (rand(0,1)) (rand(0,1)) (rand(0,1}};\n";
Sexpstring += "};";
//
expression -s Sexpstring -o ("expression" + $j} -ae true -uc all;
};
, , , , ,
, . , expression, // , ;
print Sexpstring
336
MEL Maya
, Enter.
Ball,
:
setAttr rigidBodyl.initialVelocityX 12;
setAttr rigidBodyl.initial.VelocityZ -12;
setAttr rigidBodyl.initialSpinZ 360;
setAttr turbulenceFieldl.magnitude 20;
. 17.54 . . ,
rigidBodyl ,
.
. 17.54.
4'
. . 17.55 . MEL- .
. Script Editor NURBS-
:
nurbsPlane -name panel -p 0 0 0 - 0 1 0 -w 1 -lr 1 -d 3 -u 1 -v 1 -ch 1;
xform -worldSpace -scale 20 20 20 panel;
xform -worldSpace -rotation 0 0 -90 panel;
17. MEL
. 17.55.
337

X, .

gun. Script Editor :
emitter -pos 25 0 0 -type direction -name gun - 30 -spd 50 -mxd 0
-dx -1
-dy 0 -dz 0 -sp 0;

particle;
connectDynamic -em gun particle"!;
1- 300-
Play. . 17.56 .
. 17.56.
338
MEL Maya
MEL
MEL- ,
Y g u n ,
. -, . 30 30 , ,
. , ,
, -30 30.
MEL-.
MEL- .
:
window -title "Gun Control" -width 400 -height 50;
columnLayout;
floatSliderGrp -label "aim" -field true
-minValue -30.0 -maxValue 30.0 rotY;
connectControl rotY gun.rotateY;
showWindow;
, ,
Script Editor , , .
BBAI 14.
window -title "Gun Control" - , .
-width -height 400 50 .
,
,
columnLayout , .
floatSliderGrp
.
-label .
-minValue -maxValue
.
rotY , floatSliderGrp.
connectControl rotY gun.rotateY rotY
g u n . rotateY,
.
showWindow Maya.
17. ^,
339
, ,
(Ctrl+C Ctrl+V Windows) Script Editor. Enter. . 17.57 ,
.
. 17.57. Gun Control

, -,
gun (. . 17.58).
. 17.58. gun

Maya,
. Script Editor ,
(, ,
). Script Editor
. , Maya
(. . 17.59).
Gun Control MEL- . . , Shelf Editor ( ),
, .
exSstart scenes ( ),
.
MEL Maya
34
I
'anels
iMStrlpt tell tor
Ffle Edt I Script
63
Help
.indow -t "Gun Control -\v -4OO -h 5O:

column Layout;
floatSliderGrp
-label "aim" -field true |
-minVakie -. -mdxValue 3O.O
rotV>
connect Control rotY min.rotaleY;
show Window:
. 17.59. MEL-

,
. ,
, Modify > Convert > NURBS
to Polygons > D ( > > NLUBS > )
(. . 17.60).
. 17.60.
NURBS
3D Delta 0.13 Quads, Apply (),

. Outliner polyPanel,
MEL- :
nurbsToPoly -name polyPanel -polygonType 1 -delta 0.13 panel;
17. MEL
341
panel , . , panel Outliner

Ctrl-H. Script Editor :
hide panel;
. 17.61 .
. 17.61. NURBS-,
, . MEL
, , . select, "*".
polyPanel:
select - polyPanel.f["*"];
filterExpand -select ion Mask 34 , , $facel.ist.
filterExpand
, selectionHask.
filterExpand MEL Command Reference,
, selectionMask 34 .
SfaceList = 'filterExpand -sm 34';
size( ):
size($faceList);
Script Editor,
:
size($faceList);
// Result: 16 //
MEL Maya
342
, polyPanel.
SfaceList , 16 ,
0 15 polyPanel.f[]. , ,
polyChipOff,
. Script Editor :
polyChipOff -keepFacesTogether 0 polyPanel.f[0:(size($faceList) + 1)];
, . :
polySeparate -name smPanels polyPanel;
polyPanel Outliner (. . 17.62).
. 17.62.
, polyPanel
,
smPanels .
smPanelsl - smPanels16. :
delete smPanels;

for, smPanelsl - smPanelsl 6
, , . , .
1. .
2. particlel ,
.
17. 1^
3. , , ,
X Z .
, , Script Editor.
:
for ($i = 1; $i <= size($faceList); $ ! + + ) {
rigidBody -active -damping 1 -collisions 0 -particleCollislon 1
("smPanels" + $i);
collision -r 0.2 -f 0.2 ("smPanels" + $i);
connectDynamic -c ("smPanels" + $i) particlet;
, . , .
smPanel + $i rigidBody , . ,
1
particle !. smPanels ,
-collisions 0 off rigidBody.
, smPanel ,
0 X ( X).
, X 2, Z -2.
. , X. , , .
, ,
, 1-.
Expression Editor.
expression
, panel.
if ( f r a m e == 1) {
rigidBodyl. particleCollision = 1;
rigidBodyl. impulseX = 0;
rigidBodyl. impulseZ = 0;
}\
if ( rigidBodyl. velocityX < 0) {

rigidBodyl. particleCollision = 0;
rigidBodyl. impulseX = 2;
rigidBodyl. impulseZ = -2;
344
MEL Maya
, . ,
, :
Sexpstring = "\nif (frame == 1) {\n";
Sexpstring += ("rigidBody" + Si + ".particleCollision");
Sexpstring += " = 1;\n";
Sexpstring += ("rigidBody" + Si + ".impulseX");
Sexpstring += ("rigidBody" + Si + ".impulseZ");
Sexpstring += "\nif (";
Sexpstring += ("rigidBody" + Si + velocity*"};
Sexpstring += " < 0) {\n";
Sexpstring += ("rigidBody" + $i + particleCollision"
$expstring += ("rigidBody" + $i + impulseX"^
Sexpstring += ("rigidBody" + $i + impulseZ"
Sexpstring +- " = -2;\n";
expression -s Sexpstring -o ("expression" + Si) -ae true -uc all;
:
, Script Editor.
Enter , .
, particlel,
. :
setAttr particleShapel.lifespanMode 1;
setAttr particleShapel.lifespan 1.0;
, , .
Gun Control (. . 17.63).
litfQun Control
. 17.63.
MEL- Gun Control
17. MEL
345
, , 30, (. . 17.64).
. 17.64. gun
MEL-
, , MEL-
, panel. :
global proc panelBreakup( ) {
print " \";
nurbsToPoly -name polyPanel -polygonType 1 -delta 0.13 panel;
print " \";
select - polyPanel.f[""];
SfaceList = 'filterExpand -sm 34';
polyChipOff -keepFacesTogether 0 polyPanel.f[0:(size(SfaceList) + 1)];
polySeparate -name smPanels polyPanel;
print " \";
delete smPanels;
print " rigidBodies \"
for ($i - 1; $i <= size($faceList); $i ++ ) {
rigidBody -active -damping 1 -collisions 0 -particleCollision 1
("smPanels" + $i);
collision -r 0.2 -f 0.2 ("smPanels" + $i);
connectDynamic -c ("smPanels" + $i) particle!;
Sexpstring = "\nif (frame == 1) {\n";
Sexpstring += ("rigidBody" + $i + ".particleCollision");
MEL Maya
346
Sexpstring += " = 1:\n";

Sexpstring += ("rigidBody"
Sexpstring += ("rigidBody"
Sexpstring +- "\nif {";
Sexpstring +- ("rigidBody"
$expstring += " < 0) {\n";
Sexpstring += ("rigiOBody"
Sexpstring += {"rigidBody"
Sexpstring += " - 2;\n";
+ $i + .impulseX");
+ $i *- -impulseZ");
+ $i + . velocityX");
+ $i + .particleCollision");
+ Si + .impulseX");
string += ("rigidBody" + $i + .impulseZ");

Sexpstring += = -2;\n";
Sexpstring +- "};\n";
expression -s Sexpstring -o ("expression" + $i) -ae true -uc all;
1;
print " \";
hide panel;
setAttr particleShapel.lifespanHode 1;
setAttr particleShapel.lifespan 1.0;
setAttr gun. spread 0.2; // ,
// gun, ,
cycleCheck -e off;
playbackOptions -min 1 -max 300 -loop continuous;
print " Gun Control . .. ,\n";
panelBreakup. mel scripts
, File > Source Script ( > ) Script
Editor (. . 17.65).
17. MEL
347
:;
Selected.,, Look;>| 13 scripts

Save Selected,tc bjpandBreakjp
. 17.65.
Source Script

exBstart, , File >
Open Scene ( > ) (. . 17.66).
*1
I ' < h 11+ 4

JA,
Save Scene
Open (...Mid SettirtQS\Ownert,My DQOI
Save Scene As..,
Save Preferences ' and SeffingsSOwner\Mji Docunents\
ocurnenls\i
Scena S~
import...
Look h: tJ scenes
Export All...
Export Setectlcn.;.
. 17.66.
Script Editor panelBreakup:
panelBreakup;
348
MEL Maya
. 17.67 ,
. 17.67.
panelBreakup
, -delta , .
.
Float e panelBreakup
'
-delta. panelBreakup :
global proc panelBreakup (float $myDelta) {
:
nurbsToPoly -name polyPanel -polygonType 1 -delta SmyDelta panel;
.
Maya,
Script Editor :
source panelBreakup;
ex8start :
panelBreakup 0.1;
,
panelBreakup:
// Error: panelBreakup; //
// Error: Wrong number of arguments on call to panelBreakup. //
18

, . ,
Maya MEL-,
. , .
. . 18.1.
. 18.1.
,
.
, - , , ,
, .
, ,
XZ.
350
MEL Maya
1:
-, , .
,
, Maya . ,
(. . 18.2).
. 18.2.
, ,
. Display > Grid > (
> > ) , . 18.3.
Length and Wldlh 2.0000
unili
Grid LhsiEve-v 5.0000

Subdiviibns )5
unils
'
J~
. 18.3.
, , Window > View
Arrangement > Four Panes ( > > ) (. . 18.4).
. 18.5 .
18.
General Editors
Render-tig Editors
Animation Editors
Rslatfcnshti Editors .
Setthgs/Pr efer ences
351
d Bodies Effects ScJvers

_.-_-.^ ^
Editor...
'Outlner,,,
Wypergraph...
P*it Effects..,
UV Texture Editor,..
Playbtet...
- .
Saved Layouts
Ssvs Curent Uyout..,
Frame All h Al Views
Frame Selection t\ Al Views
Rase Maki Window ;_ :
Balsa Atotten windows'
Pane
Two Panes adetJy..Side ,
Two Panes Stacked
TTrree Paries Spit Top
Three Panes Belt Left
Three Panes Spit Bottom
:
Three Panes clt Ritfit
. 18.4. Four Panes

a , .. ...
. 18.5.
, (. . 18.6). Script Editor :
polyCube -name vehicle_1 -width 2 -height 2.5 -depth 2;
352
MEL Maya
. 18.6.
vehicle_l 2 X, 2.5 Y 2 Z.
, ,
_1. ,
,
Maya .

rigidBody vehicle.!,
rigidVehicle_1. (impulse) (
, ) rigidVehicle_1.
. Script Editor ;
rigidBody -name rigidVehiclO -active -mass 1 -bounciness 0
-damping 1.5 -position -10
-impulse 0.15 0 . 0 0 . 0 vehicle_1;
rigidBody vehicle_1 10, 0, 0 X, Y Z 0.15 X.

MEL-:
// Result: rigidSolver //
// Result: rigidVehicleJ //
rigidSolver rigidVehicle_1 .
rigidSolver , . rigidSolver
rigidVehicles, Maya .
Solvers > Rigid Body Solver ( > )
Dynamics () Maya Rigid Solver Display Options (
). Display Velocity (
) (. . 18.7).
18.
353
ei MMhod Hung* Kue Adaptive J

) Urged Solve* S Nil a I
_fRigid Sulva Ouplay Dplioni
F Diiplajp Conttainl
F Daptay Center Of Ma
. 18.7. Rigid Body Solver

vehicle_1 , ,
. MEL
, :
setAttr rigidSolver. displayVelocity 1;
scale velocity 0.5,
.
1- 300-.
setAttr rigidSolver. scaleVelocity 0.5;
(. . 18.8). vehicle_l,
X 0.15. may not
evaluate as expected, cycleCheck -e off Script Editor,
.
. 18.8.
12 -1302
354
MEL Maya

vehicle_1 , () 0.15 .
Outliner, Window > Qutliner, vehicle_l. Channel Box
Shapes rigldVehicle_l.
Impulse Z -0.15 Rewind () . MEL, setAttr:
setAttr rigidVehicle_1.impulseZ -0.15;
. 18.9 . ,
, vehicle_1.
. 18.9. ,
Z
Impulse X Impulse Z. , 0.1 1.0 , (. . 18.10).
. 18.10.
18.
355
vehicle_l
vehicle_1 . ,
. Window > Animation Editors > Expression
Editor ( > > ).
rigidVehicle_1:
r i g i d V e h i c l e _ 1 . i m p u l s e X = sin(time);
wander Expression Name ( ) (. . 18.11).
[]-jS election
Ibjeett
MnbuUt
Default Obiecl j
Always Evaluale
ff Al ' I
Pafcla P
[ JIOI
Urn
-f~
Expiiitin.Edita *]
t - .-
rlgidVehlcle_l. impulseX = sin (time); ,
. 18.11.
wander
Create () Expression Editor.

() , , (. . 18.12) ( ).
. 18.12.
MEL Maya
356
Impulse X rigiclVehicle_1 vehicle_1

, - X,
. Z.
Expression Editor Select Filter > By Expression Name ( >
) (. . 18.13).
jsct Filter
Attribute FJ:e;
Insert Functtons,
Editing Expiession
Expression Name |war,der
8
New Exp
YI Selection
Êxpressions
Default Object j
P1 Always Evaluate
. 18.13.
wander Expression Editor
Expressions () wander .
Impulse Z :
rigidVehicle_1.inpulseX = s i n ( t i n e ) ;
r i g i d V e h i c l e _ 1 . i m p u l s e Z = cos(time);
Edit () (. . 18.14).
(. . 18.15).
. ,
, :
rigidVehicle_1. inpulseX = sin(tirne);
rigidVehicel_1.impulseZ = cos(time * 2);
rigidVehicle_1-i(npulse* = sinftime):
rigidVthklO.ImpulstZ cos{tim):
. 18.14.
Edit
18.
. 18.15.
357
X Z
Edit (. . 18.16).
. 18.16.

vehicle_1
noise. noise ,
,
.
, . Expression Editor :
MEL Maya
358
rigidVehicle_1.impulseX = sin(time);
rigidVehicle_1.impulseZ = noise(time);
Edit (. . 18.17).
.
>
| - -I -' f - --: 4-4 .-',--
. 18.17. noise impulse
, vehicl9_1 , SxHult $zMult, ,

. $xMult time X SzMult noise Z.
Expression Editor :
//
// ,
float SxMult - 2.0;
float $zMult =1.5;
rigidVehicle_1.impulseX = sin(time - $xMult);
rigidVehicle_1.impulseZ = (noise(time) * SzMult);
Edit (. . 18.18).
, ,
rand() $xMult tzMtilt -.
IS.
359
. 18.18. impulse X Z
vehicle_i
vehicle_1 , ,
. vehicle_1, , . ,
Y vehicle_1,
rigidVehiclejI. -, Attribute Editor rigidVehicle_1, Outliner
vehicle_1 Ctrl-A. Allow Disconnection ( ) Rigid Body Attributes ( ), ,
, (vehicie_i)
(rigidVehicle_l) (. . 18.19).
MjAltrDUte Editor: vf+!kte_l
i selected .Focus AftCutK^Hep_
vehicle,! | vehdTls4fe':>ifli<b'*deJ
| lirael |:*1 | rtfalSh,
HgidBody: iq*ehielej
. 18.19.
Allow Disconnection rigidVehiclO
360
MEL Maya
setAttr MEL, :
setAttr rigidSolver.allowDisconnection 1;
rigidVetiicle_1 rotateY
:
disconnectAttr rigidVehicle_1ry.output vehicle_1. rotateY;
, Rotate Y Channel Box , ,
. vehicle_1
Y rigidVehicleJ. , ,
, , Rotate
Channel Box. , Maya
,
.
. 18.20 , . , , X Z.
. 18.20. ,

X Z, ,
, , . :
disconnectAttr rigidVehicle_1rx.output vehicle_1.rotateX;
disconnectAttr r i g i d V e h i c l e _ 1 r z . o u t p u t vehicle_1.rotateZ;
Expression Editor wander Select
Filter > By Expression Name ( > ).
. ,
, (
):
18.
361

//
float SxMuLt = 2.0;
float $zMult = 1:5;

rigidVehicle_1.impulseX = sin(time * $xMult);
rigidVehicle_1.impulseZ - (noise(time) * $zMult);
//
//
float $fVel[ ] = 'getAttr rigidVehicleJ.velocity';
vehicle_1, rotateX = 0;
vehicleJ.rotateY = atan2d( JfVel[0], $fVel[2] );
vehicle_1.rotateZ = 0;
Edit, . ,
, , , ,
float $fVel[ ] = 'getAttr rigitiVehicleJ. velocity';
$fVel rigidVehicle_1 X, Y 2,
. , Maya , .
venicle_1.rotateX = 0;
0 X.
vehicle_1.rotateY - atan2d( $fVel[0], $fVel[2] ) );
( )
Z X Y, XZ.
vehtcle_1. rotateZ = 0;
0 Z, XZ, vehicle_1.
,
(. . 18.21).
? ,
-
MEL-, , Alias|Wavefront,
Highend3D.com . ,
MEL, MEL
, Maya. atan2d
Using Maya: Expressions.
MEL Maya
362
. 18.21.
. ,
, , .
2:
, ,
,
:
,
, ,
(followers), ,
(leaders). . 18.22
.
. 18.22.
18.
363

i
-, , , File > New Scene
( > ). MEL-:
file -force -new;
MEL- 1
, .
MEL-, rlgidSolver,
, ,
XZ.
// crowdSolver
rigidSolver -create -current -name crowdSolver
-velocityVectorScale 0-5
-displayVelocity on;
setAttr crowdSolver.allowOisconnection 1;
//
polyCube -name vehicle_1 -width 2 -height 2.5 -depth 2;
//
rigidBody -name rigidVehicle_1 -active -mass 1 -bouncineas 0
-damping 1-5 -position -10 0 0 -impulse 0.0 0.0 0.0
-solver crowdSolver vehicle_1;
disconnectAttr rigidVehicle_1ry.output vehicle_1.rotateY;
disconnectAttr rigidVehicle_1rx.output vehicle_1.rotateX;
disconnectAttr rigidVenicle_1rz.output vehicle_1. rotateZ;
//
SexpString = "//
.\";
$expString += "float $xMult = 2.0;\n";
SexpString += "float SzMult = 1.5;\n";
SexpString += "rigidVehicle_1.impulseX = sin(time * $xMult);\n";
SexpString += "rigidVehicle_1.impulseZ = (noise(tine} * $zMult);\n\n";
SexpString += "// Vehicle .\";
SexpString +=
"float $fVel[ ] = 'getAttr rigidVehicle_1.velocity';\n\n";
SexpString += "vehicle_1. rotateX = 0;\n";
SexpString += "vehic-. rotateY = atan2d( $fVel[0], $fVel[2] );\n";
SexpString += "vehicle."!. rotateZ = 0;\n";
364
MEL Maya
expression -s SexpString -name wander -alwaysEvaluate true

-unitConversion all;
cycleCheck -e off;
SingleVehicle.mel. He , .
Script Editor ( Script Editor )
Enter (, . 18.23). ,
1. ,
.
. 18.23. Script Editor'
vehicle_i

.
, ,
, , . , ,
.
(radial field)
, // ,
polyCube.
//
polyCube -name vehicle_1 -width 2 -height 2 . 5 -depth 2;
//
radial -position 0 0 0 -name vehicleForce_1 -magnitude 50
-attenuation 0.3 -maxDistance 8.0;
parent vehicleForce_1 vehicle_1;
18,
365
,
vehicle.!. , , .
vehicle_1 ,
.
File > New Scene ( > ) .
MEL- Script Editor Enter
.
,
, , Outlmer
(. . 18.24).
. 18.24. vehicleForce_1, vehicle

, ,
,
.

,
. , ,

, . ,
, .
366
MEL Maya
(
):
//
// crowdSolver
-velocityVectorScale 0.5 -displayVelocity on;
setAttr crowdSolver.alloy/Disconnection 1;
// :
polyCube -name vehicleF_1 -width 2 -height 2.5 -depth 2;
//
//
radial -position 0 0 0 -name vehicleFForce_1 -magnitude 50
-attenuation 0.3 -rnaxDistance 8.0;
parent vehicleFForce_1 vehicleF_1;
//
rigidBody -name rigidVehicleF_1 -active -mass 1 -bounciness 0
-damping 1.5 -position -10 0 0 -impulse 0.15 0.0 0.0
-standlnObject cube -solver crowdSolver vehicleF_1;
disconnectAttr rigidVehicleF_1ry.output vehicleF_1. rotateY;
disconnectAttr rigidVehicleF_1rx.output vehicleF_1. rotateX;
disconnectAttr rigidVehicleF_1rz.output vehicleF_1.rotateZ;
// VehicleF_1
texpString = "// ; ";
$expString += "//
.\";
$expString += "float SxHultl = 2 . 0 ; \ n " ;
SexpString += "float $zMult1 = 1 . 5 ; \ n " ;
SexpString += "rigidVehicleF_1.impulseX = sin(time * $xMult1);\n";
$expString +"rigidVehicleF^l.impulseZ = (noise(time) - $zMult1);\n\n";
$expString +=
"// Vehicle ,\";
$expString += "float $fVel1[];\n";
SexpString += "$fVe!1 = 'getAttr rigidVehicleF_1.velocity';\n\r";
SexpString += "vehicleFJ. rotateX = 0;\n":
SexpString += "vehicleF_1.rotateY = atan2d( $fVe!1[0], $fVel1[2] };\n";
$expString += "vehicleF_1.rotateZ = 0;\n";
expression -s SexpString -name wanderF_exp1 -alwaysEvaluate true
18.
// :
polyCube -name vehicleL_1 -width 2 -height 2.5 -depth 2;
//
radial -position 0 0 0 -name vehicleLForce_1 -magnitude 50
parent vehiclel_Force_1 vehicleL_1;
//
radial -position 0 0 0 -name vehicleLeadGlobalForce_1 -magnitude -1
-attenuation 1.2;
parent vehicleLeadGlobalForce_1 vehicleL_1;
rigidBody -name rigidVehicleL_1 -active -mass 1 -bounciness 0
-damping 1.5 -position 10 0 0 -impulse 0.15 0.0 0.0
-standlnObject cube -solver crowdSolver vehicleL_1;
disconnectAttr rigidVehicleL_1ry.output vehicleL_1.rotateY;
disconnectAttr rigidVehicleL_1rx.output vehicleL_1.rotateX;
disconnectAttr rigidVehicleL_1rz.output vehicleL_1.rotateZ;
// VehicleL_1
SexpString = "// : ";
SexpString += "//
.\";
SexpString += "float $xMult2 = -2.0;\n";
$expString += "float $zMult2 = 2.5;\n";
SexpString += "rigidVehicleL_1.impulseX = sinftime * $xHult2);\n";
SexpString +=
"rigidVehicleL_1.impulseZ = (noise(time) * $zMult2);\n\n";
SexpString +=
"// Vehicle .\";
SexpString += "float $fVe!2[];\n";
SexpString += "$fVe!2 = 'getAttr rigidVehicleL_1.velocity';\n\n";
SexpString += "vehicleL_1.rotateX = 0;\n";
SexpString += "vehicleLJ. rotateY = atan2d( $fVe!2[0], $fVe!2[2] );\n";
SexpString += "vehicleL_1.rotateZ - 0;\n";
expression -s SexpString -name wanderL_exp1 -alwaysEvaluate true
// ,
connectDynamlc -fields vehicleLForce_1 rigidVehicleF_1 ;
connectDynamic -fields vehicleGlobalLeadForce_1 rigidVehicleF_1 ;
connectDynamic -fields vehicleFForce_1 rigidVehicleL_1 ;
cycleCheck -e off;
367
368
TwoVehicles.meL
Script Editor Enter. ,
(. . 18.25). -,
, ,
wander.
. 18.25.
, , ,
.
wander, ,
, ,
, , .
, , ! .
, ,
. ,
.
, .
, ,
Create (). .
-
. / formLayout, . createCrowd.
. createCrowd -
18.
369
,
crowdSystem. ( ):
// createCrowd
global proc createCrowd ( )
<
// crowdSolver
(TwoVehicles.mel body)
cycleCheck -e off;
crowdSystem .
//
global proc crowdSystem { )
window
-title "Crowd System"
-widthHeight 300 200
crowdWin;
// Create
string $button1 = 'button -label "Create"';
//
formLayout -edit
-attacnForm $button1 "bottom" 10
-attachForm $button1 "right" 10
formLayout;
// createCrowd,
//
button -edit -command ("createCrowd; deleteUI crowdWin;") $button1;
showWindow crowdWin;

crowdSystem.mel.
, , File > New Scene ( >
), Script Editor:
file -f -new;
MEL Maya
370
, ,
, , :
source crowdSystem;
crowdSystern;
, (. . 18.26).
Create ().
Close (), .
i .:
. 18.26.
Crowd System
, .
, , ,
, , , . .
-
Script Editor ,
. mel , .
source crowdSystem;
crowdSystem;
,
(crowdSystem. mel),
crowdSystem, .
,
. ,
source.
,
, , Maya
18.
373.
, ,
MEL-, .
-, ,
,
; .
,
, (. . 18.27).
. 18.27. MEL-
.
, Shelf Editor ( )
, , .
:
// createCrowd
global createCrowd ( )
//
// crowdSolver
rigiuSolver -create -current -name crowdSolver
setAttr crowdSolver. alloy/Disconnection 1;
// :
polyCube -name vehicleF_1 -width 2 -height 2 . 5 -depth 2;
//
//
radial -position 0 0 0 -name vehicleFForce_1 -magnitude 50
-attenuation 0 . 3 -maxDistance 8.0;
parent vehicleFForce_1 vehicleF_1;
//
rigidBody -name rigidVehicleF_1 -active -mass 1 -bounciness 0
-damping 1.5 -position -10 0 0 -impulse 0.15 0.0 0.0
-standlnObject cube -solver crowdSolver vehicleF_1;
372
______ MEL _
disconnectAttr rigidVehicleF_1ry.output vehicleFJ.rotateY;

disconnectAttr rigidVehicleFJrx. output vehicleFJ. rotateX;
disconnectAttr rigidVehicleF_1rz.output vehicleFJ. rotateZ;
// VehicleFJ
SexpString = "//
.\";
SexpString += "float SxMultl = 2.0;\n";
SexpString += "float $zMult1 = 1.5;\n";
JexpString += "rigidVehicleFJ. impulseX = sin(time * $xMult1);\n";
SexpString +=
"rigidVehicleF_1.impulseZ = (noise(time) * SzMultl);\n\n";
SexpString +=
"(I Vehicle .\";
SexpString -*-- "$fVe!1 = 'getAttr rigidVehicleF_1. velocity' ;\n\r";
SexpString +- "vehicleF_1.rotateX = 0;\n";
SexpString += "vehicleFJ. rotateY = atan2d( $fVe!1[0], $fVe!1[2] );\n";
SexpString += "vehicleFJ. rotateZ = 0;\n";
expression -s $expString -name wanderF_exp1 -alwaysEvaluate true
// :
polyCube -name vehicleL_1 -width 2 -height 2.5 -depth 2;
//
radial -position 0 0 0 -name vehicleLForce_1 -magnitude 50
parent vghicleLForceJ vehicleLJ;
//
radial -position 0 0 0 -name vehicleGlobalLeadForce_1 -magnitude -1
-attenuation 1.5;
parent vetiicleGlobalLeadForceJ vehicleLJ;
rigidBody -name rigidVehicleLJ -active -mass 1 -bounciness 0
-damping 1.5 -position 10 0 0 -impulse 0.15 0.0 0.0
-standlnQbject cube -solver crowdSolver vehicleLJ;
disconnectAttr rigidVehicleLJry. output vehicleLJ. rotateY;
disconnectAttr rigidVehicleLJrx. output vehicleLJ. rotateX;
disconnectAttr rigidVehicleL_1rz.output vehicleL_1. rotateZ;
18.
II VehicleL_1
Sexpstring = "//
. \";
Sexpstring += "float $xMult2 = -2.0;\n";
Sexpstring += "float $zMult2 = 2.5;\n";
SexpString += "rigidVehicleL_1 . impulseX = sin(time * $xMult2);\n";
Sexpstring +=
"rigidVehicleL_1.impulseZ = (noise(time) * $zMult2); \n\n";

Sexpstring +=
" Vehicle ";
Sexpstring += "$fVe!2 - 'getAttr rigidVehicleL_1. velocity' ;\n\n";
SexpString += "vehicleL_1. rotateX =. 0;\n";
SexpString += "vehicleLJ. rotateY = atan2d( $fVe!2[0], $fVe!2[2] );\n";
SexpString += "vehicleL_1. rotateZ = 0;\n";
expression -s SexpString -name wanderL_exp1 -alwaysEvaluate true
//
connectDynamic -fields vehicle!_Force_1 rigidVehicleF_1 ;
connectDynamic -fields vehicleGlobalLeadForce_1 rigidVehicleF_1 ;
connectDynamic -fields vehicleFForce_1 rigidVehicleL_1 ;
cycleCheck -e off;
//
global proc crowdSysten ( )
{
window
-widthheight 300 200
crowdWin;
string $form - 'formLayout' ;
// Create
string $ = 'button -label "Create1
//
formLayout -edit
-attachForm $ "bottom" 10
-attachForm $ "right" 10
_ 373
MEL Maya
374
$form;
//
button -edit -command ("createCrowd")
\
. (global field),
. . 18.28 .
. 18.28.
crowdSystem.mel
, 1 2 ,
Maya -
. , crowdSystem.mel
. , ,
MEL- crowdSystem .
-, Script Editor :
f i l e -f "-new;
, , MEL, 2, (. . 18.29).
Crowd System (. . 18.30) .
, .
18.
375
. 18.29. MEL-
. 18-30. , Crowd System

,
. , X, polyCube 20 X Y Z 50 4 1 . Script Editor :
polyCube -name -sx 2 -sy 2 -sz 1;
, -sx, -sy -sz

. X Y 2, , Maya
. 20
50 4 1. , , Script Editor:
x f o r m -worldSpace -translation 0 0 20 -scale 50 4 1 obi;
rigidBody (. . 18.31). rigidBody:
rigidBody -passive -name ob1RigidB1 -bounciness 2 . 0 ;
376
MEL Maya
. 18.31.
(bounciness) 2.0, . -current
crowdSolver, .
,
.
, ,
(. . 18.32). ( 1- 500-
). , ,
, , .
. 18.32. ,
18.
377
, , ,
, ,
wander.
, ,
, .

.
, . 18.33.
MEL-, :
polyCube -name ob2 -sx 2 -sy 2 -sz 1;
polyCube -name ob3 -sx 2 -sy 2 -sz 1; polyCube -name ob4 -sx 2 -sy 2 -sz 1;
xform -worldSpace -translation 0 0 -20 -scale 50 4 1 ob2;
xform -worldSpace -translation 30 0 0 -scale 30 4 1
-rotation 0 90 0 ob3;
xform -worldSpace -translation -30 0 0 -scale 30 4 1
-rotation 0 -90 0 ob4;
. 18.33.
:
xform -worldSpace -translation 17 0 0 -scale 3 4 8 ob5;
xform -worldSpace -translation -17 0 0 -scale 3 4 8 ob6;
MEL Maya
378
. 18.34 5 .
. 18.34.
, ,
. , crowdSystem.mel, , - .

Script Editor MEL-,

collectObstacles. -, , polyCube ( ) . Is
, for, . polyCube Maya
ScollectObjects, :
string $collectObjects[ ] = 'Is -si';
p r i n t $collectObjects[0];
. :
string $collectObjects[ ] - 'Is -si';
// Result: ob4 ob2 ob6 5 //
print $collectObjects[0];
ob4
, , , Is
. , , , ,
for , , .
size(). :
size(ScollectObjects);
18.
379
:
size($collectObjects);
// Result: 5 //
for, ,
:
for ( $i = 0; $i < size($collectObjects); $i++) {
rigidBody -passive -name ($collectObjects[$i] + "RigidB" + $i)
-bounciness 2.0 ($collectOb]ects[$i]);
. Outliner, ,
, ', , (. . 18.35).
. 18.35.
. 18.36 .
, .
. 18.36. ,
380
MEL Maya
collectObstacles crowdSystem.mel
crowdSystem.mel
collectObstacles global proc createCrowd (
):
connectDynanic -fields vehicleFForce_1 rigidVehicleL_1;
cycleCheck -e off;
} II createCrowd
global proc collectObstaclesC) {
string ScollectObjects = "is -si';
for ( $i = 0; $i < size($collectObjects); $1++) {
rigidBody -passive -name ($collectObjects [$i] + "RigidB" + $i)
-bounciness 2.0 (ScollectObjects [$i]);
};
I
crowdSystem.mel, 4
, collectObstacles
.
, .
.,
, .

, . ,
. 150 X, -X, Z -Z.

.
,
(matrix) - ;
, .
, .
,
,
.
.
, ,
X, Y Z . Script Editor :
matrix $gFp[4][3] = 0, 0, -150; 0, 0, 150; 150, 0, 0; -150, , ;
18.
381
,
:
matrix $gFp[4][3] = , , -150;
, 0, 150;
150, , ;
-150, , ;
4 3 ,
.
0
-150
150
150
-150
, ,
:
print $gFp[0][0];
0, ,
. , 0. :
print $gFp[3][0];
-1 50, .
. for, . , , .
$compassForce,
. :
matrix $gFp[4][3] = , 0, -150; 0, 0, 150; 150, 0, 0; -150, ,
string $compassForce[] = {"N", "S", "E", "W"};

for ($i = 0 ; $i < 4; $i++) {
radial -name ("Gforce" + $compassForce[$i]
-position $gFp[$i][0] $gFp[$i][1] $gFp[$i][2] -m 0 -att 0;
, , .
Script Editor Enter.
- U,
. -att 0,
382
MEL Maya
, ,
. . 18.37
.
. 18.37.
.
, ,
.
connectDynamic -fields GforceN rigidVehicleF_1;
connectDynamic -fields GforceS rigidVehicleF_1;
connectDynamic -fields GforceE rigidVehicleF_1;
connectDynarnic -fields GforceW rigidVehicleF_1;
connectDynamic -fields GforceN rigidVehicleL_1;
connectDynamic -fields GforceS rigidVehicleL_1;
connectDynamic -fields GforceE rigidVehicleL_1;
connectDynamic -fields GforceW rigidVehicleL_J;
, ,
gun 17.
, ,
, ,
. ,
,
, ,
. , .
18.
383
, Script Editor,
.
string Swindow =
'window -t "Global forces control" -w 450 -h 150 GforceWin';
columnLayout;
floatSliderGrp -label "Force north" -field false -minValue 0.0
-maxValue 0.3 -value 0.0 magForceN;
floatSliderGrp -label "Force south" -field false -minValue 0.0
-maxValue 0.3 -value 0.0 magForceS;
floatSliderGrp -label "Force east" -field false -minValue 0.0
-rnaxValue 0.3 -value 0.0 magForceE;
floatSliderGrp -label "Force west" -field false -minValue 0.0
-rnaxValue 0.3 -value 0.0 magForceW;
//
connectControl magForceS GforceS.magnitude;
connectControl magForceN GforceN.magnitude;
connectControl magForceW GforceW.magnitude;
connectControl magForceE GforceE.magnitude;
showWindow $window;
. 18.38 , . 0.0 - 0.3,
- .
. 18.38.
Global Force Control
384
MEL Maya
.
, ,
.
croivdSystem.mel
collectObstaclesO
crowdSystem.mel (, , ):
rigidBody -passive -name ($collection[$i] + "RigidB" + $i)
-bounciness 3.0 ($collection[$i]};
};
} // collectObstacles
global proc makeGforcesO {
//
matrix $gFp[4][3] = , 0, -150; 0, 0, 150; 150, 0, 0; -150, ,
string $compassForce[] = {"", "S", "E", "W"};

for ($i = 0 ; $i < 4; $i++) {
radial -name ("Gforce" + $compassForce[$i]
-position $gFp[$i][0] $gFp[$i][1] $gFp[$i][2] -m 0 -att 0;
)
// createCrowd proc
//
string $window =
'window -t "Global forces control" -w 450 -h 150 GforceWin';
columnLayout;
floatSliderGrp -label "Force north" -field false
-minValue 0.0 -maxValue 0.3
-value 0.0 magForceN;
floatSliderGrp -label "Force south" -field false
-value 0.0 magForceS;
floatSliderGrp -label "Force east" -field false
-value 0.0 magForceE;
floatSliderGrp -label "Force west" -field false
-value 0.0 magForceW;
//
connectControl magForceS GforceS.magnitude;
18.
385
connectControl magForceN GforceN.magnitude;

connectControl magForceW SforceW.magnitude;
connectControl magForceE GforceE.magnitude;
showWindow $window;
)
crowdSystem.mel.
, ,
, ,
//Launch window control, Script Editor Enter.
, .
string $window = 'window -t "Global forces control" -w 450 -h 150
showWindow $window;
4:
,
.

, - , . . 18.39
.
. 18.39.
13-1302
MEL Maya
386
, crowdSystem.mel,
(. . 18.40 18.41).
. 18.40.
CrSys
, 18.41.
/ Crowd System
, 3, collectObstacles()
makeGforcesO, ,
, source MEL- , ,
crowdSystem. mel . Script Editor
, .
:
-, , 10 20 .
20 4 16 .
10 2 8 .
, global proc crowdSystemt).

, Script Editor.
, :
18.
387
global proc crowdSystem ( )
{
window
crowdWin;
string Sform = 'formLayout';
string $form = 'formLayout';
, 10 20
. 10
-select radioCollection.
radioButtonGrp
:
string $txt;
$txt = 'text -label "Number of Vehicles'";
string $collection = 'radioCollection';
string $radiob1, $radiob2;
$radiob1 = 'radioButton -label "10"';
$radiob2 = 'radioButton -label "20"';
setParent ..; setParent ..;
radioCollection -edit -select $radiobt $collection;
// 10
formLayout -edit
-attachForm $txt "top" 20
-attachForm $txt "left" 70
Sform;
formLayout -edit
-attachForm $radiob1 "top" 10
-attachForm $radiob1 "left" 20
Sform;
Script Editor window showWindow
crowdWindow, Enter. . 18.42 , . , . 18.43.
MEL Maya
388
shg f form - 'farmLayout';

strl-g ttxt;
':\ttit= 'tot-label ' -'--
sang tcoltection = VednCcheiton
$ = 'rtWrc&urtnn -! "" rorCommand '
11
IJ-adKb2 =' 'raioBulDn -Isbel '1O -oiComrrand '
sBtPareit,,jsalParem ,.;
rsdfcCollECcn -edit -select traditfcl icoltettlcri; . '.
! -
I
// -
string 1 = 'Button -label
') tol;
. 18.42.
IffilCrawd System
20
Number of Vehicles
. 18.43.
, ,
, .
, , , ,
. , , :
deleteUI -window crowdWin;
.
18.
389
10 20,
. radioButton -query. ,
, ,
, , ,
$radiob1 = $radiob2 = -onCommand :
Sradiobl = 'radioButton -label "10" -onCommand "SvNumber = 10"';
$radiob2 = ' r a d i o B u t t o n -label "20" -onCommand "SvNumber = 2 0 " ' ;
Script Editor Enter. , 10 radioButton
:
print SvNumber;
, Maya, ;
print SvNumber;
10
, 20,
SvNumber print:
print SvNumber;
, Maya, :
print SvNumber;
20
, , , 10
. 10 :
radioCollection -edit -select $radiob1 $collection;

, ,
, ,
.
setParent, radioCollection, ,
( ):
$radiob2 - 'radioButton -label "20" -onCommand "int SvNumber = 20'";
setParent . . ; setParent . . ;
string $txtOB = "text -label "Obstacles'";
string $collection2 = 'radioCollection';
$radiob3 = 'radioButton -label "On" -onCommand "tobst = 1"';
390
MEL Maya
$radiob4 = 'radioButton -label "Off" -onCommand "$obst = 0"';

setParent ...; setParent ...;
string $txtGF = 'text -label "Global Forces'";
JradiobS = 'radioButton -label "On" -onCommand "Sgforces = 1 " ' ;
$radiob6 = 'radioButton -label "Off" -onCommand "$gforces = 0"';

setParent ..; setParent ..;
radioCollection -edit -select $radiob1 ^collection;
radioCollection -edit -select $radiob4 $collection2;
radioCollection -edit -select $radiob6 ScollectionS;

$radiob2 ( ):
$form;
//
formLayout -edit
-attachForm $txtOB "top" 80
-attachForm StxtOB "left" 80
$form;
formLayout -edit
$form;
formLayout -edit
-attachForm $txtGF "top" 110
-attachForm $txtGF "left" 63
$form;
formLayout -edit
-attachForm $radlob6 "left" 1,90
$form;
Script Editor
Enter (. . 18.44).
18.
391
MCrowd System
& 20
Numbet of Vehicles
Obstacles
On
Global Forces
On
. 18.44, Crowd-System
print, $obst $gforces
Script Editor ' :
print $obst;
print Sgforces;
0, Off (), radioCollection -select
$radiob4 SradiobS. On radioButton, print , , , ,
1, On ().
Cancel
, Close, , .
Maya, Cancel Create, . ,
, ,
. ,
deleteUl, Maya Cancel.
// ,
:
//
string $button2 = 'button -label "Cancel"';
$buttonl, , :
formLayout -edit
-attachForm $button2 "bottom" 10
MEL Maya
392
-attachForm $button2 "left" 185

$form;
//
button -edit -command ("createCrowd; deleteUI crowdWin;") $button1;
button -edit -command ("deleteUI crowdWin;"} $button2;
Script Editor (. . 18.45).
uaCrowd System
, 20:
Number oi Vehicles
Obstacles
Global Forces
. 18.45.
(* On f7 Off
Dn <? Off
Cancel

Maya ,
Cancel Create . ,
formLayout -edit , MEL-
:
formLayout -edit
-attachForm $button1 "left" 185
$form;
formLayout -edit
$form;
formLayout, . -attachForm Maya,
, . ,
, left, right, top bottom.
crowdSystem.mel File > New (
> ) :
f i l e -f -new;
18.
, , ,
, . .
:
//
global proc crowdSystem()
{
window
crowdWin;
string $form = 'formLayout ' ;
string $txt = 'text -label "Number of Vehicles'";
string Scollection = ' radioCollection' ;
string Sradiobl, $radiob2;
$radiob1 = 'radioButton -label "10" -onCommand "SvNumber = 10'
$radiob2 - 'radioButton -label "20" -onCommand "SvNumber = 20'
string $txtOB = 'text -label "Obstacles'";
SradiobS = 'radioButton -label "On" -onCorrirnand "$obst - 1"';
$radiob4 = 'radioButton -label "Off" -onCommand "$obst = 0 " ' ;
string StxtGF = 'text -label "Global Forces'";
string $collection3 = 'radioCollection 1 ;
SradiobS = 'radioButton -label "On" -onCommand "$gforces - V"
$radiob6 = 'radioButton -label "Off" -onCommand "$gforces = 0'
radioCollection -edit -select $radiob1 $collection;
//
formLayout -edit
394
-attachForn Stxt "left" 70

Sform;
formLayout -edit
-attachForm Sradiobl "top" 10
-attachForm Sradiobl "left" 20
Sform;
//
formLayout -edit
-attachForm StxtOB "top" 80
-attachForm StxtOB "left" 80
$form;
formLayout -edit
$form;
formLayout -edit
-attachForm StxtGF "top" 110
-attachForm $txtGF "left" 63
Sform;
formLayout -edit
-attachForm SradiobS "top" 110
-attachForm SradiobS "left" 150
-attachForm SradiobG "top" 110
$form;
//
string $birtton1 = 'button -label "Create'
string $button2 = 'button -label "Cancel'
//
formLayout -edit
-attachForm Sbuttonl "bottom" 10
-attachForm Sbuttonl "left" 185
$form;
MEL Maya
18.
395
formlayout -edit
-attachForm .$buttori2 "bottom" 10
$form;
//
button -edit -command ("createCrowd;deleteUI crowdWin;") $button1:
button -edit -command ("deleteUI crowdWin;") $button2;
} // crowdSystem proc

, 10, 20 , .
, , . 10 20
, ,
3. 30 -30
X 20 -20 Z. , 120 -120 X Z.
, createCrowd().
crowdSystem.mel , crowdSolver.
, ,
,
, .
switch
Number of Vehicles ( ), $FvNumber JLvNumber , $vNumber
10 20. proc createC'rowdO (
):
setAttr crowdSolver.allowDisconnection 1;
//
int $FvNumber;
int $LvtJumber;
switch (SvNumber)
{
case 1 0 :
396
MEL Maya
$FvNumber = 8; //
$LvNumber = 2; //
break;
case 20:
$FvNumber = 16; //
$LvNumber = 4; //
break;
.
// :
for ($i = 0; $i < SFvNumber; $i++) {
polyCube -name ("vehicleF_" + $i) -width 2 -height 2.5 -depth 2;
//
//
radial -position 0 0 0 -name ("vehicleFForce_" + $i)
-magnitude 50 -attenuation 0,3 -maxDistance 8.0;
parent ("vehicleFForce_" + $i) ("venicleF_" t $i);
//
//
rigidBody -name ("rigidVehicleFJ' + $i) -active -mass 1
-bounciness 0 -damping 1.5 -position
(rand(-120,120)) 0 (randC-120.120 -impulse 0 0 0 -standlnObject cube
-solver crowdSolver ("vehicleF," + $i);
disconnectAttr ("rigidVehicleF_" + $i + "ry.output")
("vehicleF_" + $i + ".rotateY");
disconnectAttr ("rigidVehicleF_" + $i + "rx.output")
("vehicleF_" + $i + ".rotateX");
disconnectAttr ("rlgidVehicleF_" + $i + "rz.output")
("vehicleFJ' + $i + ".rotateZ");
// VehicleF ,
// <
float $randX = rand(-3,3);
float SrandZ = rand(3,-3);
SexpString =
"//
.\";
JexpString += ("rigidVehicleF_" + $i + ".impulseX");
$expString += " = sin{time * ";
SexpString += ($randX);
SexpString += ");\n";
SexpString += ("rigidVehicleF_" + $i + ".impulseZ");
SexpString += " = (noise(time) * ";
18.
397
$expString += ($randZ);
$expString += ");\\";
SexpString +=
"// Vehicle . \";
JexpString += "float $fVel" + $r + "[];\n";
SexpString += "JfVelL" + $i +" = 'getAttr rigidVehicleF_" + $i +
",veloclty';\n\n";
SexpString t= "vehicleF_" + $i + ".rotateX = 0;\n";
SexpString += "vehicleF_" + $i + ".rotateY = atan2d( $fVel" + $i +
"[0], SfVel" + $i + "[2] };\n";
SexpString += "vehicleF_" + $i + ".rotateZ = 0;\n";
expression -s SexpString -name ("wanderF_exp" + $i)
-alwaysEvaluate true -unitConversion all;
} //
, rand - . , wander wander.
, $>:Mult
$zMult, .
. ,
,
, . , , L
(leader), F, (follower).

$fVel, . $fVe!L<>[], <> - . , SfVelL
$fVelL1[], -$fVe!2[] . .
, ,
GlobalLeadForce . , , , .
, attenuation
maxDistance 50 .
(
):
} //
// :
for ($i = 0 ; $i < $LvNumber; $i++) {
398
MEL Maya
polyCube -name ("vehicleL_" + $i) -width 2 -height 2.5 -depth 2;

//
radial -position 0 0 0 -name ("vehicleLForce_" + $i) -magnitude 50
parent {"vehicleLForce_" + $i) ("vehicleL_" + $i);
//
radial -position 0 0 0 -name ("vehicleGlobalLeadForce^" + $i )
-magnitude -1 -attenuation 0.2 -maxDistance 50;
parent ("vehicleGlobalLeadForce_" + $i) ("vehicleL_" + $i);
//
//
rigidBody -name {"rigidVehicleL_" + $i) -active -mass 1
-bounciness 0 -damping 1.5 -position
(rand(-120,120)) 0 (rand(-120,120)) -impulse 0 0 0 -standlnObJest cube
-solver crowdSolver ("vehicleL_" + $i);
disconnectAttr {"rigidVehicleL_" + $i + "ry. output")
("vehicle!.." + $1 + ". rotateY");
disconnectAttr ("rigidVehicleL_" * $i + "rx. output")
("vehicleL_" + $i + ". rotateX");
disconnectAttr ("rigidVehicleL_" + $i + "rz. output")
("vehicleL_" + $i + ".rotateZ");
// VehicleL ,
//
float SrandX = rand(-3,3);
float irandZ = rand(3,-3);
// $fVel[ ] $fVelL[ ]
SexpString = "//
. \";
$expString += ("rigidVehicleL_" $i + ". impulseX");
SexpString += " = sin(time * ";
$expString t= ($randX);
SexpStrlng += ");\n";
$expString += ("rigidVehicleL_"
. impulseZ");
SexpString += " = (noise(time)
SexpString
($randZ);
SexpString
");\n\n";
$expString +=
"// Vehicle . \";
SexpString += "float tfVelL" + $i + "];\";
18.
399
SexpString += "$fVel" + $i +" = 'getAttr rigidVehicleL_" + $1 +

".velocity 1 ;\n\n";
$expString += "vehicleL_" + $i + ".rotateX = 0;\n";
SexpString += "vehicleL_" + $i + ".rotateY = atan2d( SfVelL" + $1 +
"[0]. SfVelL" + $i + "[2] );\n";
SexpString += "vehicle!.," + $i + ".rotateZ = 0;\n";
expression -s SexpString -name ("wanderL_exp" + $i)
} //

,
createCrowdO,
( ):
// createCrowd
//
global proc createCrowdfint SvNumber)

//
createCrowd Create.
global proc crowdSystemO (
):
//
button -edit -command ("createCrowd SvNumber; deleteUI crowdWin;")
Sbuttonl;
$vNumber
createCrowdO.
crowdSystem.mel,
. ,
, MEL . Create
, , , , , . Oulliner,
(. . 18.46).
, , ,
createCrowd (New procedure definition for createCrowd). , createCrowd,
, . , .
, .
MEL Maya
400
. 18.46.
, 10 20 . ,
,
. ,
,
wander.
,
01.>
,
. int crowdSystem(),
createCrowd( ) .
// , 3,
:
for ($i = 0 ; Si < $LvNumber; $i++ ) {
// ,
for ( $j = 0; $j < SFvNumber; $j++) {
connectDynamic -fields ("vehicleLForce_" + $i)
("rigidVehicleF_" + $j);
connectDynamic -fields ("vehicleGloballeadForce_" + $i)
("rigidVehicleF_" + $j);
\
for ($i = 0 ; $i < $FvNumber; $i++) {
18.
401

for ($j = 0; $] < SLvMumber; $j++) {
connectDynamic -fields ("vehicleFForce_" + $i)
("rlgidVehicleL_" + $j ) ;
f o r . ,
.
crowdSystem.mel . MEL (. . 18.47). ,
,
, .
: 18.47.

, , 3. ,
. :
// ,
//
for ($i = 0 ; $i < SLvNumber; $i++) {

for <$j = 0 ; $j < SLvNumber; $j++) {
402
MEL Maya
("rigidVehicleL_" + $j);
}
connectDynamic -delete -fields ("vehicleLForce_" + $i)
("rigidVehicleL." + $i);
}
for ($i ^ 0; $i < SFvNumber; $i++) {
//
for ($j - 0; $j < SFvNumber; $j++) {
connectDynanic -fields ("vehicleFForce_" + $i)
("rigibVehicleF_" + $j);
}
connectDynamic -delete -fields ("venicleFForce_" + $i)
("rigidVehicleFJ1 + $i);
}
(-delete) ,
.
, , , , ,
.
,
, , .

SgForces, ,
makeGforces(). global proc tnakeGforcesO,
,
// . -, ,
. twitch (
):
break;
if (Sgforces == 1) makeGforces; //
// :
int createCrowdQ,
crowdSystem(). createCrowd(),4To6bi
, :
18.
_______
_ ____ _
global proc createCrowd(int $vNumbe<", int Sgforces)
crowdSystemO $gforces (
):
button -edit -command
f "createCrowd IvNumber $gforces; deleteUI crowdWin;"} $button1;

, Jgforces 1 ( ,
Global Fields ( )). //
if ( .):
connectDynamic -delete -fields ("vehicleFForce_" + $i)
("rigidVehicleF_" + $1);
// ,
//
if (Sgforces == 1) {
string $compass[4] = { "N", "S", "E", "W" };
for ($i =0; $i < $LvNumber; $i++) {
for (So = 0 ; $c < size($compass); $c++) <
connectDynamic -fields ("Gforce" + $compass[$c])
("rigidVehicleL_" + $i);
)
for ($1 = 0 ; Si < $FvNumber; $it+) {
for ($c = 0 ; $c < size($compass); $c++) {
("rigidVehicleF_" t $i);
}
;
}
,
, , Scompass, ,
.

, , Global
Forces ,
. MEL- . , Global Forces Create (. . 18. 48).
MEL Maya
44
. 18.48.
,
. ,
, Window > Relationship Editors > Dynamic Relationships...
( > > ...) (. . 18.49).
General Editors
Rendering Editors
*" ll
ition Editor:
... > Settings/Preferences
Attribute Editor... .
Outliner,.,
Hypergraph...
, s Paint Effects..,
UV Texture Editor.,,
. 18.49.
*
Sets...
Deformer Bets...
Character Sets...
Partitions,..
Display Layers...
Render Layers..,
Dynamic Relationships
vehicleF_0 ,
(. . 18.50).
18.
405
ELECTION MODES
1f
Feto . j-- EVKfi f
hiclsfFacn.5
. 18.50.
, vehicleF_0

, . -, ,
Maya
. ,
. Main ,
. , , ,
.
makefilobalForces () ;
//
//
global proc crowdMainQ

{
global string $collectObjects[]; //
// ,
if ('window -exists crowdWin') { // ,
confirmDialog -t "Already running!"
-m " Please close Crowd System window and create a New Scene";
46
MEL
Maya
} else {
ScollectObjects - 'Is -si'; //
crowdSystem; // crowdSystem
confirmDialog ,
. , Confirm.
,
Script Editor Enter (. . 18.51):
confirmDialog -t "Already running!"
-m "Please close Crowd System window and create a New Scene";
-~~~-~~~-~-~~~~-
Already running!
Please close Crowd System window and create a New $cene

Confirm
. 18.51.
ScollectObjects
,
.
, , }', ,
.
,
crowdMainO, crowdSystemO MEL crowdMainO.
, , ,
. Script Editor
, ,
.
source crowdSystem;
crowdMain;
collectObstacles
collectObstacles,
,
. createCrowd
( ):
18.
407
cycleCheck -e off;
} // createCrowd
//
global proc collectObstacles() {

global string $collectObjects[];
//
if (size($collectObjects) == 0) {
warning "No obstacle objects were selected.";
} else {
for ($1=0; $1 < size($collectObjects); $i++) {
rigidBody -passive -name ($collect0bjects[$i] + "RigidB" + $i)
-bounciness 2.0 ($collect0bjects[$i]);
1
1
} // collectObstacles

$collectObstacles, ,
. ,
ScollectObstacles, , ,
. rigidBody
crowdSolver, .
, , ,
:
w a r n i n g "No obstacle objects were selected.";
, Obstacles On ()
,
ScollectObstacles. , Maya. Script Editor, ,
(. . 18.52).
. 18.52.
48
MEL Maya

Obstacles (). polyCubes (. . 18.53).
. 18.53.
, , ,
-120 120 X Z.
(. . 18.54).
Obstacles () Global Forces
( ), Create ().
Global Forces , (. . 18.55).
. 18.54. Crowd System
18^^
. 18.55.
409
, ,
, ,
, . !
,
- ,
,
. ,
. rand
.
croivdSystem.mel
.
hide
.
^^^S^\S\S\S\^y\jS\S^j^^^
I/ createCrowd
//
global createCrowdfint JvNumber, int Sgforces, int Sobst)
//
<
//
// crowdSolver
-veiocityVectorScale 0.5 -displayVelocity on;
41
1._
setAttr crowdSolver. allowDisconnection 1;

//
//
int SFvNumber;
int
SLvNumber;
switch (SvNurnber)
{
case 10:
SFvNumber - 8; //
SLvN'jmber = 2; //
break;
case 20;
SFvNumber = 16; // "'
$l_vNurnber = 4; //
break;
if (Sgforces == 1) makeGforces; // Global Force:;

// ;
for ($1 =0; $i < SFvNumber; $i++) {
polyCube -name ("vehicleF_" + $i) -width 2 -height 2,5 -depth 2;
1 1
//
radial -position 0 0 0 -name ("vehicleFForce_" + $i) -magnitude 50
parent ("vehicleFForce_" + $i) ("vehicleF_" -t- $i);
hide ("vehicleFForce_" + $i);
//
//
rigidBody -name ("rigidVehicleF_" + $i) -active -mass 1 -bounciness 0
-damping 1.5 -position
(rand(-70,70)) 0 (rand(-70,70)) -impulse 0 0 0 -standlnObject cube
-solver crowdSolver ("vehicleFJ1 + Si);
disconnectAttr ("rigidVehicleF^" + $i + "ry. output")
("vehicleF_" + $i + ". rotateY");
disconnectAttr ("rigidVehicleF_" + $i + "rx. output")
("vehicleF_" + $1 + ".rotateX"};
bisconnectAttr ("rigidVehicleF^" + $i + ". output")
("vehicleF_" + $i + ".rotateZ");
Maya
18.
// VehicleF ,
//
float $randX - rand(-3, 3);
SexpString =
"//
. \";
SexpString += ("rigidVehicleF_" + $i + ". impulseX");
SexpString += " = sinftime * ";
SexpString += (SrandX);
SexpString += ("rigidVehicleF_" + $i + ". impulseZ");
$expString +- " - (noise(time) * ";
SexpString += ($randZ);
$expString += "); \n\n";
SexpString +=
"//
. \";
SexpString += "float $fVel" + $1 + "[];\n";
SexpString += "$fVel" + $i +" = 'getAttr rigidVehicleF_" + $i +
". velocity' ; \n\n";
SexpString += "vehicleF_" + $i + ".rotateX = 0;\n";
SexpString += "vehicleF_" + $i + ".rotateY = atan2d( SfVel" + $i +
"[0]. SfVel" + $i + "[2] );\n";
SexpString += "vehicleF_" + $i + ".rotateZ - 0;\n";

expression -s SexpString -name ("wanderF_exp" + Si)
}
// :
for ($i =0; $i < SLvNumber; $i++) {
polyCube -name ("vehicleL_" *- $i) -width 2 -height 2.5 -depth 2;
//
radial -position 0 0 0 -name ("vehicleLForce,." + $i) -magnitude 50
parent ("vehicleLForce_" + $i) ("vehicleL_" + $i);
hide ("vehicleLForce_" + $i);
//
radial -position 0 0 0 -name ("vehicleGloball_eadForce_" + $1 )
411
412
MEL Maya
-magnitude -1 -attenuation 0.2 -maxDistance 50;

parent ("vehicleGlobalLeadForce_"+ $i) ("vehicleL_" + $i);
hide ("vehicleGlobalLeadForce_"+ $i);
//
//
rigidBody -name ("rigidVehicleL_" + Si) -active -mass 1 -bounciiess 0
-damping 1.5 -position
(rand(-70,7Q)) 0 (rand(-70,70)) -impulse C O O -standlnOhject cjbe
-solver crowdSolver ("vehicleL_" + $i);
disconnectAttr ("rigitiVehicleL_" + $i + "ry.output")
("vehicleL_" + $i + ",rotateY");
disconnectAttr ("rigidVehicleL_" + $i + "rx.output")
("vehicleL_" + $1 + ".rotateX");
disconnectAttr ("rigidVehicleL_" + Si+ "rz.output")
("venicleLJ' + $i + ".rotateZ");
// VehicleL ,
//
float SrandX = rand(-3,3);
// $fVel[ ] $fVelL[ ]
SexpString = "//
.\";
SexpString += ("rigidVehicleLJ' + $i + ".impulseX");
SexpString += " = sin(time * ";
SexpString += (SrandX);
SexpString += ("rigidVehicleL^" + $i + ".impulseZ");
SexpString += " = (noise(time) * ";
SexpString += (SrandZ);
SexpString += ");\n\n";
SexpString +=
"//
.\";
SexpString += "float SfVelL" + $i + M[];\n";
SexpString += "SfVelL" + Si +" = 'getAttr rigidVehicleL," + $i +
".velocity';\n\n";
SexpString += "vehicleL_" + Si + ".rotateX = 0;\n";
SexpString +^ "vehicleL_" + Si + ".rotateY = atan2d( SfVelL" + $i +
"[0], SfVelL" + $i + "[2] );\n";
18.
SexpString += "vehicleL_" + $i + ".rotateZ = 0;\n";

expression -s SexpString -name ("wanderL_exp" + $i)
} //
//
for ($i =0; Si < SLvNumber; Si++ ) {

//
for ( $j = 0; $j < $FvNumber; $j++) {
connectDynafflic -fields ("vehicleLForce_" + Si)
("rigidVehicleF_" + $]);
connectQynamic -fields ("vehicleGlobalLeadForce_" + $i)
("rigidVehicleF_" + $ j ) ;
for ($i = 0; $i < SFvNumber; $i++) { //

//
for ($j = 0; $j < SLvNumber; Sj++) {
connectDynamic -fields ("vehicleFForce^" + $i)
("rigidVehicleL." + $j) ;
//
//
for ($i = 0; $i <- SLvMumber; $i++) {
//
for ($j - 0; $j < SLvNumber; $j++) {

C"rigidVehicleL_" + $] } ;
}
connectDynamic -delete -fields ("vehicleLForce_" + $i)
("rigidVehicleLJ1 + $i);
}
for ($i =0; Si < SFvNumber; $i++) {
//
for ($j - 0; Sj < SFvNumber; $j++) {
connectDynamic -fields ("vehicleFForce_" + $i)

("rigidVehicleFJ1 + $j) ;
f.
413
414
MEL
connectDynamic -delete -fields ("vehicLeFForce_" + $1)

("rigidVehicleF_" + $i);
}
// ,
//
if (Sgforces == 1) {
string $compass[4] = { "N", "S", "E", "W" }\
for ($i = 0 ; $i < $LvNumber; $i++) {
for ($c = 0; $c < size($compass); $c++) {

("rigidVehicleL." + Si);
for ($i = 0; $i < $FvNumber; $i++) {

for ($c =0; $c < size($compass); $c++) {
("rigidVehicleF_" + $i);
// ,
if ($obst 1) collectObstacles;
//
cycleCheck -e off;
} II createCrowd
//
global proc collectQbstaclesQ {
//
if (size($collectdbjects) == 0) {
warning "No obstacle objects were selected.";
} else {
for ( $i = 0; $1 < size($coLlectObjects); $i++) {
rigidBody -passive -name (ScollectObj3cts[$i] + "RigidB" + $i)
-bounciness 2.0 ($collectObjects[$i]);
\
\
} collectObstacles
Maya
18.
II
global makeGforces() {
//
matrix $gFp[4][3] = , 0, -150; 0, 0, 150; 150, , ;
string $compassForce[] = {"N", "S", "E", "W"};
for ($i = 0; $i <4; $i++) {
radial -name ("Gforce" + $compassForce[$i]} -position $gFp[$i][0]
$gFp[$i][1] $gFp[$i][2] -m 0 -att 0;
hide ("Gforce" + $compassForce[$i]);
};
// createCrowd
//
if ('window -exists GforceWin') // ,
//
deleteUI -window GforceWin;
string {window = 'window -t "Global forces control" -w 450 -h 150
GforceWin' ;
columnLayout;
floatSliderGrp
-label "Force north" -field false -minValue 0.0
-maxValue 0. 3
-value 0.0 magForceN;
floatSliderGrp
-label "Force south" -field false -minValue 0.0
-maxValue 0. 3
-value 0.0 magForceS;
floatSliderGrp
-label "Force east" -field false -minValue 0.0
-maxValue 0. 3
-value 0.0 magForceE;
floatSliderGrp
-label "Force west" -field false -minValue 0.0
-maxValue 0, 3
-value 0.0 magForceW;
//
//
connectControl nagForceS GforceS. magnitude;
connectControl magForceN GforceN. magnitude;
415
416
MEL Maya
connectControl magForceW GforceW.magnitude;

connectControl rnagForceE GforceE.magnitude;
showWindow $window;
} // makeGforces
// Main
//
global proc crowdMain()
{
if ('window -exists crowdWin') {
confirrcDialog -t "Already running!"
-n "Please close Crowd System window and create a New Scene";
} else {
ScollectObjects = 'Is -si';
crowdSystem;
}
\
/I
global proc crowdSystem()
window
crowdWin;
string $form = 'formLayout';
string $txt = 'text -label "Number of Vehicles'";
string $collection = 'radioCollection';
$radiob1 = 'radioButton -label "10" -onCoromand "SvNumber = 10'
$radiob2 = 'radioButton -label "20" -onCommand "SvNumber = 20'
setParent , . ; setParent ..;
string ItxtGB = 'text -label "Obstacles'";
string $collection2 - 'radioCollection';
string SradiobS, $radiob4;
$radiob3 = 'radioButton -label "On" -onCommand "$obst = 1'";
$radiob4 = 'radioButton -label "Off" -onComrnand "Sobst = 0"';
setParent ...;setParent ...;
string StxtGF = 'text -label "Global Forces'";
18.
$radiob5 = VadioButton -label "On" -onCommand "Sgforces = 1"';
$radiob6 = 'radioButton -label "Off" -onCommand "Sgforces = 0"';
setParent ...; setParent ...;
radioCollection -edit -select $radiob1 Scollection;
radioCollection -edit -select $radiob5 ScollectionS;
//
forrnLayout -edit
-attachForm $txt "left" 70
Sform;
formLayout -edit
-attachForm Sradiobl "top" 10
Sform;
//
formLayout -edit
-attachForm $txtOB "top" 60
-attachForm $txtOB "left" 80
Sform;
formLayout -edit
Sform;
formLayout -edit
-attachForm $txtGF "top" 110

-attachForm StxtGF "left" 63
Sform;
formLayout -edit
'attachForm $radiob5 "left" 150
14-1302
417
418
MEL Maya
$form;
//
string $button2 = 'button -label "Cancel"';
//
formLayout -edit
-attachForm Sbuttonl "left" 185
Sform;
formLayout -edit
-attachForm $uutton2 "bottom" 10
Sform;
//
button -edit -command
("createCrowd SvNumber $gforces $obst; deleteUI crowdWin;")
Sbuttonl;
button -edit -command ("deleteUI crowdWin;") $button2;
} // crowdSystem
19
MEL

MEL ,
,
. , , ,
, .
MEL- , ,
. . , MEL-,
, MEL
,
.
, Maya
.
, ,
. ,
Maya. . 19.1 ,
.
1:
,
, , ,
. 2 .

-, mrBlah.mb. File > Open Scene ( >
) mrBlah.mb, Web-.
i
420
MEL Maya
. 19.1.
. 19.2 , .
Maya -. , Display > Joint Size > 25% ( >
> 25%). Hypergraph
, ,
.
. 19.2. mrBlah.
19. MEL
421

mrBlah ,
.
mrBlah_skeleton, mrBlah.
, Show ()
Polygon () (. . 19.3).
mrBlah_skeleton, , (IK handles) .
. 19.3.
mrBlah
.
mrBlah,
.
. , . , , ,
Transform (), , (. . 19.4).
MEL Maya
422
. 19.4. r_foot
Outliner r_foot.
Outliner (. . 19.5) ( ,
, Shift
+).
/7
Z7
!
Z7
7
Uot
r_heelPivot
MoePivoi
r_ankle
r_ankle!K
L-toe
rJoelK
. 19.5. r_toePivot Outliner

r_foot r_toePivot.
, Display > Show > Show Selection ( > >
) . IK-, ,
. 19.6.
19. MEL
423
. 19.6. IK-
, r_foot,
Roll. r^foot Attribute Editor ( )
(Ctrl-a), Roll Extra Attributes (
) (. . 19.7).
Node Behavior
Extra Attributes
Roll 0.000
. 19.7. Roll Attribute Editor

Set Driven
Key ( ), Roll rjoot
. , (. . 19.8).
424
MEL Maya
. 19.8. Roll
, Roll ,
Graph. Editor ( ), Windows > Animation Editors > Graph Editor
( > > ), r_h eel Pivot,
r_toePivot r_ankle Outliner. Graph Editor ,
RotateX (. . 19.9).
. 19.9. , Roll
Roll 0, rjtoePivot
( Hide Selection ( ) Ctrl-h).
.
19. MEL
425

Attribute Editor r_foot, ,
Scale 1.0. ,
.,
. Channel Box, , Scale .
,
.

- , - ,
. r_wristLocator r_elbowLocator.
r_wristLocator mrBlati, a r_elbowLocator
m_pelvisShift. , m_elbowLocator mrBlah .
Move, , . ,
r_wristLocator Outliner, (. . 19.10).
. 19.10. wrist locator elbow locator
426
MEL Maya
Hypergraph IK- r_armIK.

,
(. . 19.11). point
poleVector .
. 19.11. ,
, mrBlah
.
,
, . Outliner
spineCtrl mrBlah (. . 19.12 . 19.13).
delaiJlLighlS*t
defaullDbiectSet
. 19.12. spineCtrl Outliner
19. MEL
427
. 19.13. spineCtrl
Script Editor MEL,
. MEL-
Enter :
addAttr -In Side -at double -keyable 1 |rnrBlah|spineCtrl;
, |
, . ,
, ,
.
,
.
,
,
. Script Editor :
a d d A t t r -In Twist -at double -keyable 1 | m r B l a h | s p i n e C t r l ;
addAttr -In Bend -at double -keyable 1 | m r B l a h | s p i n e C t r l ;
spineCtrl Attribute Editor ( )
Extra Attributes ( ) (. . 19.14).
428
MEL Maya
Bend jO.000
. 19.14.
Side, Bend Twist Attribute Editor
,
. . 19.15 , , m_backO m_back4.
,
X, Y Z 0 4. Expression Editor, Window
> Animation Editors > Expression Editor ( > > ), :
//
// Side. Twist Bend
m_backO.rotateZ = -spineCtrl.Bend;
m_back1.rotateZ = -spineCtrl. Bend;
n_back2.rotateZ = -spineCtrl.Bend;
m_back3.rotateZ = -spineCtrl.Bend;
m_back4. rotateZ = -spineCtrl.Bend;
m_backO. rotateX = spineCtrl.Twist;
m_back1. rotateX = spineCtrl.Twist;
m_back4.rotateX - spineCtrl.Twist;
m_backO.rotateY = -spineCtrl.Side;
m_back1.rotateY = -spineCtrl.Side;
m_back2. rotateY = -spineCtrl.Side;
m_back3.rotateY = -spineCtrl.Side;
m_back4. rotateY - -spineCtrl.Side;
19, MEL
429
. 19.15.
mrBlah_expression Expression Name ( )
Create () (. . 19.16).
fsetect Filler
Object F
dealing Express ion
Expression Name |_11
. 19.16.
mrBlah_expression Expression Editor
spineCtrl Side (. . 19.17). , ,

(. . 19.18).
.
MEL Maya
430
spineCtrl
Bend .0
SHAPES
. 19.17. Side Channel Editor
. 19.18. Side, Twist Bend

, Bend:
m_backO. rotateZ = -spineCtrl.Bend;
m_back3.rotateZ-= -spineCtrl.Bend;
m_back4.rotateZ = -spineCtrl.Bend;
Bend (), m_back Z, ,
Z. /
, ,
. Twist ()
X, a Side Y.
, IK 1 .
Bend, Twist Side 0 , .
19. MEL
431

mrBlati ,
. Expression Editor
( ) Select Filter > By Name ( > ).
mrBlah_expression (. . 19.19).
j Select ion
Objects
_^
"""
Allibutes
nuBlah expfESion "
. 19.19.
mrBlah_expression no
, :
//
m_backRoot. rotateY = { l_foot.translateY * 2)
- ( r^foot.translateY * 2);
m_backRoot.translateX = (-l_foot.translateY / 4)
- (-r_foot.translateY / 4);
Edit (), .
r_foot, Move,
Y (. . 19.20).
, . , ,
r_foot l_foot Y,
Y 2, , ,
Y. , .
r_foot l_foot no Y 4,

, . , .
MEL Maya
432
. 19.20.
, , Polygon () Show () (. . 19.21).
. 19.21.
19. MEL
433
, ,
. 2 mrBlah.
2:
, mrBlah.
, Bend, Twist Side,
. , ,
, ,
. ,
, (. . 19.22).
. 19.22.
mrBlah
, mrBlah 1, , File > Load Scene ( > ),
mrBlah..
, ,
. , . Script
Editor :
hide mrBlah^skeleton;
MEL Maya
434
, , , 1, ,
Windows > Animation Editors > Expression Editor > Select Filter ( > > > ), By Name
( ). rarBlah_expression (. . 19.23).
1<
fcr
. Dealing Enpiettion
ixpietsion Name |
^JsrfSin
Dbiecli
_*
,__^
. 19.23.
^,
**
AUiibulei
mrBlah_expression no

', - ,
, . , , .
, .
. 19.24 .
,
, .
r_wrist Locator 1 wrist Locator
r_eiboLocator
l_elbowLocator
r_foot
l_foot
m_backRoot
spineCt rl

Side, Twist Bend
19. MEL
. 19.24.
435
mrBlah
. ,
;
HiRes: NURBS- , .
LoRes: ,
, .
Joints: .
Key ,
.
mrBlahControls.mel

mrBlahControls. mel. mrBlahControls():
global mrBlahControls ( ){
window
-title "mrBlah Controls"
MBcontrols;
436
MEL Maya
mrBlahControls .

:
string Sforrn = 'formLayout';
//
1
string $txt1 = 'text -label "Right Arm
Left Arm ";
1
string $txt2 = 'text -label "Waist" ;
string $txt3 = 'text -label "Right Foot
Left Foot"';
1
string $txt4 = 'text -label "Display ";
$form formLayout,
formLayout. , Right Arm Left
Arm, , Right Arm Left Arm
49 - ,
, .
, :
//
//
string $ = 'button -label "Arm"
-command "select - r_wristLocator r_elbowLocator"';
string $b2 = 'button -label "Wrist"
-command "select -r r_wristLocator"';
//
string $ = 'button -label "Arm"
-command "select -r l_wristLocator l_elbowLocator'";
string $b4 = 'button -label "Wrist"
-command "select -r l_wristLocator"';
//
string $b5 = 'button -label "Waist" -command "select -r m_backRoot"';
//
string $6 = 'button -label "Foot" -command "select -r Mxjot"';
//
string $7 = 'button -label "Foot" -command "select -r l_foot"';
//
string $6 = 'button -label "HiRes"
-command "int $dis = 1;displayFunc($dis)'";
string $b9 = 'button -label "LoRes"
-command "int $dis = 2;displayFunc($dis)'" ;
string $b10 = 'button -label "Joints"
-command "int $dis = 3;displayFunc($dis)"';
19. MEL
___
437
-command , . Arm (wrist), (elbow). -command

$dis
displayFunc. 1, 2 3,
displayFunc.
, }' , global proc mrBlahControls,
:
global proc displayFunc(int $dis) {
int
$dis;
switch (Sdis) {
case 1 :
HideJoints;
hide "*_stdin";
select -r mrBlab_skin; showHidden -a: select -d;

break;
case 2:
hide mrBlah_skin;
select -r "*_stdin";
showHidden -a; select -d;
break;
case 3:
hide mrBlah_skin;
hide "*_stdin";
ShowJoints;
break;
default:
Sdis switch ,
. case 1 , , , , , mrBlah . *_stdin , , _stdin .
, ,
.
438
MEL Maya
,
, case 2 , case 3
, , .
// global proc
Key, ,
. MEL- :
//
s t r i n g $KEYframe = 'symbolButton -image "setKey.xprn"
-parent S f o r m
-command setkeys';
columnLayout;
symbolButton Maya, setKey.xpm, (. . 19.25).
. 19.25.
setKey. xpm
setKey.xpm , Maya
, . , ,
, , .
columnLayout.
-command keyframe setkeys . , ,
:
global proc setkeys() {
string $names[ ] = ' l s -si';
if ($names[0] != "m_backRoot") {
string Sname;
f o r ($name in $names) {
setKeyframe ($name + " . t x " ) ;
setKeyframe ($name + " . t y " ) ;
setKeyframe (Sname + ".tz");
}
} else {
setKeyframe m_backRoot.ty;
setKeyframe m_backRoot.tz;
19. MEL
439
setkeys , is -si
'
$names[ ]. , m_backRoot, , ,
X.
m_backRoot [0] ,
, for-in. for-in
, z . setkeys
, , Arm, ,
, , , .
m_backRoot ,
.
spinCtrl
Bend, Key Twist. columnLayout :
// spineCtl
floatSliderButtonGrp -label "Side" -field true -buttonLabel "Key"
-buttonCommand "select -r spineCtrl; setKeyframe spineCtrl.Side"
-minValue -20.0 -maxValue 20.0
-value 0.0 Side;
connectControl Side spineCtrl.Side;
floatSliderButtonGrp -label "Twist" -field true -buttonLabel "Key"
-buttonCommand "select -r spineCtrl; setKeyframe spineCtrl.Twist"
-minValue--20,0 -maxValue 20.0
-value 0.0 Twist;
connectControl Twist spineCtrl.Twist;
floatSliderButtonGrp -label "Bend" -field true -buttonLabel "Key"
-buttonCommand "select -r spineCtrl; setKeyframe spineCtrl.Bend"
-value 0.0 Bend;
connectControl Bend spineCtrl.Bend;
Key,
setkeys. , select -
setKeyframe. , ,
, (. . 19.26).
440
MEL Maya
. 19.26.

MEL-, ,
. formLayoijt,
(top) (left) , .
formLayout -edit,
, :
//
formLayout -edit
-attachForm $txt1 "top" 80
-attachForm $txt1 "left" 100
-attachForm $txt4 "top"-280
$form;
, , , ,
, ,
. :
//
int SbOffsetW = 180;
int $bOffsetH1 = 80;
formLayout -edit
-attachForm $b1 "top" 98
-attachForm $ "left" 80
-attachForm $b2 "left" 80
$form;
formLayout -edit
-attachForm $b3 "left" (80 + SbOffsetW)
19. MEL
441
-attachForm $4 "top" 120

-attachForm $4 "left" (80 + SbOffsetW)
$form;
formLayout -edit
-attachForm $b5 "top" (98 '+ $bOffsetH1)
$form;
farmLayout -edit
-attachForm $b6 "top" (98 + $QOffsetH2)
$forin;
formLayout -edit
-attachForm $b7 "top" (98 + $bOffsetH2)
Sform;
formLayout -edit
-attachForm $ "top" 305
Sform;
formLayout -edit
-attachForm $KEYframe "top" 170
-attachForm $KEYframe "left" 360
Sform;
showWindow MBcontrols;
}
, showWindow, . MEL- mrBlahControls.mel
, , Maya ,
.

Script Editor ,
, :
source mrBlahControls;
mrBlahControls;
. 19.27 , , .
MEL Maya
442
. 19.27.
mrBlah
. Move
, . Display
Key, , .
, :
deleteUI MBcontrols;
, 1.- ,
.
Show () . , .
Show , . 19.28,
.
19. MEL
443
. 19.28.

Close () ,
, ,
. .
scriptNode, .
Script Editor )':
scriptNode -beforeScript "source mrBlahControls;mrBlahControls;"
-n Controls;
setAttr Controls.scriptType 2;
scriptType 2 ,
Maya. ,
.
File > Save Scene As ( > )
m r Blah Animation. mb scenes (. . 19.29).
MEL Maya
444
Save Preferences
. 19.29. Save Scene As

mrBlah Controls File > New Scene ( > ),
. File > Open Scene ( > )')
mrBlahAnimation.mb. ,
.

,
, , ,
. Script Editor :
if ( ' w i n d o w -exists Mbcontrols') deleteLII MBcontrols;
source m r B l a h C o n t r o l s ;
nrBlahControls;
He , , , (. . 19.30).
Igph
hfMTSS
.'< ;
MScript Editor
if ('window-adstsMBojnMs'Jtteieteui MBcontrols;
source mrBlahContrals;
mrBlahControjs;
. 19.30.
mrBlah
19. MEL
mrBlahControls.mel
global setkeysf) {
string $names[J ='ls -si';
if ($narnes[0] != "m_backRoot") {
string $name;
for ($name in $names) {
setKeyframe ($name + ",tx");
setKeyframe ($name + ".ty");
setKeyframe ($name + ".tz");
}
} else {
setKeyframe m_backRoot. ty;
setKeyfrarne m_backRoot.tz;
global proc displayFunc(int $dis) {

int $dis;
switch ($dis) {
case 1:
HideJoints;
hide "*_stdin";
select -r mrBlah_skin; showHidden -a; select -d;
break;
case 2:
hide mrBlah_skin;
select -r "*_stdin";
showHidden -a; select -d;
break;
case 3:
hide rnrBlah_skin;
hide "*_stdin";
ShowJoints;
break;
default:
global proc mrBlahControls ( ){

window
__
445
446
MEL Maya
-title "mrBlah Controls"

MBcontrols;
string Sform - 'formLayout';
//
string $txt1 = 'text -label "Right Arm
Left Arm'";
string $txt2 = 'text -label "Waist"';
string $txt3 = 'text -label "Right Foot
Left Foot"';
string $txt4 - 'text -label "Display"';
//
//
string $b1 - 'button -label "Arm" -command
"select -r r_wristLocator r_elbowLocator"';
string $b2 = 'button -label "Wrist" -command
"select -r r_wristLocator"';
//
string $ = 'button -label "Arm "-command
"select -r l_wristLocator lêlbowLocator"';
string $b4 - 'button -label "Wrist" -command
"select -r l^wristLocator1";
//
string $b5 = 'button -label "Waist" -command "select -r m_backFoot"';
//
string $6 = 'button -label "Foot" -command select -r r_foot'";
//
string $7 - 'button -label "Foot" -command select -r l_foot"';
//
string $8 - 'button -label "HiRes" -command
"int $dis = 1 ;displayFunc($dis)'";
string $b9 = 'button -label "LoRes" -command
"int $dis = 2;displayFunc($dis)"';
string $ = 'button -label "Joints" -command
"int $dis = 3;displayFu'nc($dis)'";
// Keyframe
string $KEYframe = 'symbolButton -image "setKey.xpm"
-parent $form -command setkeys';
ColumnLayout;
// spineCtl
floatSliderButtonGrp -label "Side" -field true -buttonLabel ""
19. MEL
-buttonCommand "select - spineCtrl; setKeyframe spineCtrl.Side"
-value 0.0 Side;
connectControl Side spineCtrl.Side;

floatSliderButtonGrp -label "Twist" -field true -buttonLabel "Key"
-buttonCommand "select -r spineCtrl; setKeyframe spineCtrl.Twist"
-value 0.0 Twist;
connectControl Twist spineCtrl.Twist;
floatSliderButtonGrp -label "Bend" -field true -buttonLabel "Key"
-buttonCommand
"select -r spineCtrl; setKeyframe spineCtrl.Bend"
-minValue
-45.0
-maxValue 45.0
-value 0.0 Bend;

connectControl Bend spineCtrl.Bend;
//
formLayout -edit
$form;
//
int $bOffsetW - 180;
int SbOffsetm = 80;
formLayout -edit
$form;
formLayout -edit
447
448
-attachForm $t>4 "top" 120

-attachForm $b4 "left" (80 + $bOffsetW)
Sform;
formLayout -edit
-attachForm $b5 "top" (98 + $bOffsetH1)
$form;
formLayout -edit
-attachForm $b6 "top" (98 + $bOffseth2)
$forrn;
formLayout -edit
-attachForm $b? "top" (98 + $bOffsetH2)
-attachForm $b7 "left" (80 + $bOffsetW)
$forrn;
formLayout -edit
-attachForm $b8."left" 80
$form;
formLayout -edit
-attachForm SKEYframe "top" 170
-attachForm $KEYfrarne "left" 360
Sform;
show/Window MBcontrols;
MEL Maya
.

MEL-
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USENET, 2.
Alias|Wavefront,
, ,
.

MEL Maya (API), , Morgan Kaufhiann,
Complete Maya Programming: An Extensive Guide to MEL and the C++
API, (David Gould) ( 2002, ISBN 1-55860-835-4).
,
Maya MEL API
, .
15-

-- (
), 128
! ( not), 128,165
" (), 108
$ ( ), 53
% ( ), 127,129,132
&& ( and), 128,166
* ( ), 49
... (), 205
.m el , 257
/ ( ), 50,126
// ( ), 35
: (), 199
; ( ), 35
\ ( ), 54,115
" ( ), 56, 89
| ( ), 192
|| ( or), 129,166
++ ( ), 128
= ( ), 44-45
= = ( ), 45
$,, 284
addAttr, , 105,114
age, , 91-92
Alias|Wavefront, Web-, 41
allowDisconnect, , 359-360
and, (&&), 128,166
angle, , 72
Attribute Editor ( )
Extra Attributes (
), , 106
, , 286
, 50, 286-288
, 14-15
, 50, 87
, , 81, 272-276
Boolean () , 13
Boolean () , 128-129,
165-166
break, , 166-167
- (create), , 40,141
Cancel, , 214, 391-392
case, , 166-167
Channel Box
, .
Expression Editor ( )
, 14
, 300-301
, , 24-25
columnLayouts, 232-233,237-241,
248-249,252
Component Editor
( ), 76
conflrmDialog, , 214-215
connectAttr, , 107
connectDynamic, , 115, 302,
312-313
Connection Editor ( ), 15,49
Create Particle Disk Cache, , 97,98
create Node, , 152,154
cross, , 72-73, 90
crowdSystem.mel, 409-418
Curve Flow, cnoiiCTBo, 86
D
DG- .
DG Node Reference, 12,155
dot, , 73
duplicate, , 184
Duplicate, , Edit
(), 26
Dynamic Relationships (
), , 312-313
dynExpression, , 283
- (edit), , 40,104-105
else, , 157-164
Enter, , 31
eval, , 143-144
Expression Editor (
)
, 293-294
, , 83
, 279
, 44, 50
, , 258-259
expression, , 107
F
fileDialog, , 217
float .
floatSIiderGrp, ,
244-245
, , 131
for
, , 400-402
, 335
, 168
, 169-171
for-in 168,169
form Layouts
-attachForm, , 392
, 249
, , 440^141

, 368-369
frameLayouts, 232-233, 237-240, 249-250
Friction (), , 306, 311
G
geometry-Constraint, , 179*180
getAttr, , 47-48, 56, 67,106
getenv, , 258
453
Highend3D, Web-, 41
Hypergraph
Scene Hierarchy ( ), , 24
, 18-21
, 16
, 16
, , 24-25
, 20
, 18-19
, 19
I
if-else, , 157-164
int(), , 131
intFieldGrp, , 221, 245
isConnected, , 107,154
Key, , 438
L
Lifespan Mode, , 95
linstep, , 294-295
list (Is), , 103,146-149
listConnections, , 153
listRelatives, , 152-153,155
Is, , 103,146-149
mag, , 71
makeSpheres, , 223-228
match, , 218-228
MEL, Maya, 99-101
MEL command Reference, 105,140
MEL- .

eval, , 143-144
Script Editor, , 34-39
Source, , 37, 42
whatls, , 39
, 141
, 144
, 31
, 105, 141
, 139
454
, ("),56, 89, 142

, 142
, 124, 139
, 104-105,140
, 143
, 30-31
, 104-105, 141
, 143-144
, 39-40, 141
, 104, 141
, 37
, 39-40
, 40, 141-142,256
, , 142
, 143
mrBlahcontrols.mel
, 445-448
, 435-444
N
noise, 357-358
not, (!),128,165
Numeric,
, 91,98
NURBS-
nurbsToPoly, , 340, 348
U, V (UV) , 269-270,279-280
xfonn, , 281, 289
, 272
,
, 280-288
, 275-276
(control vertices
(CVs)), 272, 275-276
, , 270, 280-281
, 340-342
, 289-290
, 270, 280-281
, 306
, 269-280
Object () , , 327
offsetCurve, , 93-94
or, (|{), 129, 166
Outliner, , 24-25
particle, , 114,262
pointOnCurve, , 88-89, 94-95
polyCube, , 325, 351, 375
polyNormal, , 326-328
poly Plane, , 300
polySphere, , 327
Postforum.com, Web-, 41
proc, , 177
promptDialog, , 216-217
Q
-q (query) , 40, 105,141
R
ramp, , 80
rename, , 193
Resilience (), , 306,311
Rigid Body Solver, 331-332,352, 407
rot, , 73-74
rowColumnLayouts, 232-233,237-241,250
rowLayouts, 232-233, 237-241, 250, 252
S
Scale ,
, 425
Script Editor ( )
Enter, , ., 33
source, , 37, 42
, 36
, , 34
, 34
, 32
, 32, 38-39

, 38-39
, 32-33
, 33, 2(9
, 38
, 4
, 109

, 268
setAttr, , 47-48, 56, 67,106
setParent, , 235, 239-240
showWindow, , 338
source, , 37,42
switch, , 157-160,
166-167
Tessellation Factor ( ),
, 305
time, , 55, 284
tokenize, , 134,197-198
Trace Depth ( ),
, 306
turbulence, , 330
U
U, V, , (UVs),
269-270, 279-280
unit, , 71, 72
W
warning, , 215, 217-218
Web-, Maya, 41-42
whatls, , 39, 292
while, , 168-169
X
xform,
,
, 281
, 321
, 323
, 289
, 328-329, 343
. ,

, 57-60
MEL Command Reference, 105

, 142
, 125, 141
, 176-177,399
, 142
, 175-177
, 176-177
, 175-177
455

, 69-74
, , 127, 129, 132
, 128
, 126-127
, 128
, 127
, 126-128

* ( ), 49
/ ( ), 50
Expression Editor ( ), 44
getAttr, 47-48, 56
MEL Maya, 47-48
selAttr, 47-48, 56
, 49
, 46-47
, 55
, 48
, 66-67
, 44
, 50
, 48
, 43
, 49-50
, 52-55
, 67
, 61-65
, 48
, 51
, 44-45, 56
(= =). 45
, 46-47
, 50
, 43-44
, 52
addAttr, , 105, 114

connectAttr, , 107
getAttr, , 47-48, 56, 67, 106
isConnected, , 107
setAttr, , 47-48, 56, 67, 106
, 55
, 50,105-106, 114, 286-288
456
, 12
, , 63
, 49-50
, 12
, 68, 75-79
, 12
, , 49-50
14
, 105-106, 286-288
, 106
, 59
, , 200
, 12
Editor . Attribute Editor
( )
MEL-, 100
.
, 50
, 107
, 13
, 107
, 106
, 12-15

, 123
.

, , 328-329, 343
, 352
, , 330-332

, 360-361
angle, , 72
cross, , 72-73, 90
dot, , 73
mag, , 71
rot, , 73-74
unit, , 71, 72
, 70-71
,
, 132-133
, , 69-70,
83-84, 132
, , 89
, , 137
, 72
, 131-132
,)33
, 69, 131
,
, 73
, 69
,
, 73
, 69-70, 132
, 265-267
, 70

, 59-60
, 263-265,282-285,294-397
, 350
, 15
rot, , 73-74

, 359-360
, , 428-430
,
, 263
,
makeSphereS; , 223-228
, 222
, 223, 226-228
, 212-214
, 218-221

, 450
, 22) -222, 226, 227
, 124

select, , 49-151
, 151
, 150

, 114
, ,
103-104, 148
, 149
, 150
, 112
, 150
, 175
, 179
, 251-252
, 177
, 257
, , 107-108
gelAttr, 47-48, 56, 67, 106
MEL Maya, 47-48
MEL- , 144
setAttr, 47-48, 56, 67, 106
.

, 46-47
, 48
, 66-67, 107-108
, 108
, 44
expression, 107
, , 318-319
, , 354-359
, 48
, 62
.
, 43
, 49-50
, , 99
, 64
, 52-55

.

, 428-430
, 67
, 48
, 51
457
, 44-45, 56
, 44-45
(= =), 45
, 46-47
. Expression Editor
( )
. 18
, 18,43-44, 107-108, 116
, 61-65
.
,, 115
, MEL-, 100
, 52
. ,
,
, 178-181

.
,
, 251-255
, , 56-67

, , 405-406
, 121-123
, 55
, 121-123
, 191

.

.
, 12
, 15
.
, 147
, , 233, 235
(:), 199
(/), 50, 126
458

floatFieldGrp, , 243-244,
252-255
floatSliderGrp, , 244-245
, 52-53, 129
, 126-127
, 129-130
, 13, 129-130
, 222
, 130-131
, 130
, 222
, 129

-attachForm, , 392
Cancel, , 214, 391-392
columnLayouts, 232-233, 237-241,
248-249, 252
confirmDialog, , 214-215
error, , 218
fileDialog, , 217
floatFieldGrp, , 243-244,
252-255
floatSliderGrp, , 244-245
formLayouts . fonnLayouts
frameLayouts, 232-233,237-240,249-250
Gun, , 337339
intFieidGrp, 245
intSliderGrp, 245
match, , 218-228
rowCotumnLayouts, 232-233,
237-241,250
rowLayouts, 232-233,237-241, 250, 252
setParent, , 235, 239-240
warning, , 215, 217-218
, 230
, ,
251-255
, 233, 235
, 209
.
, 208
, 232

, 449-450
, 209, 232, :!36-237
, 233
,
, 232, 235-241, 253

, 212-214
, 406
.
, 29, 232-233, 235-241,
248-250
, 231
, 206

, 234-235
, 209
, 392-395
, .
, , 235,239-240

, 211-212

.
, 214
, 230-232
, 209-210
.
, , 436
, , 368-374,
386-409

. ,

.
, 207
connectDynamic, , 115,302, 312-313

, 327-332
, 364-368, 380-382
, 308, 314-320
.
.
,

.

. ,

connectDynamic, , 115,302,312-313
Friction (), , 306, 311
Resilience (),
, 306, 311
, 328-329, 343
, 307

.

,
, 308-320
. ,
,
, 299-308
,
.
,
,
NURBS,
, 340-342
NURBS-, , 336-337
, 347
, 344
, , 337
, , 339-340
,
, 338-340
, , 348
, 341-342
, 345-346
, , 343
, 336
, , 342-344
, , 342-343
($), 53

, 152-153
, 22-24
459
, 278-279,344
3
(locked) , 12
(turbulence), , 334
, 209
, 105,141
, 258
, , 425-426

, 200
, , 352-354
,62
-, 40-42

Cancel, , 214
columnLayouts, 232-233, 237-241, 252
confirmDialog, , 214-215
error, , 218
fiieDialog, , 217
Gun Control, , 337-339
makeSpheres,
, 223-228
match, , 218-228
Maya API, 206
MEL-, , 28-29
warning, , 215, 217-218
, 208
, 103-104
, , 204
, ,
251-255

.
, 209
.
, 203-204
, , 209
460

, 208
, 204-206
, 203
. ,
, , 208

, 212-214
. ,
, 231
, 206
, 214-215
, 206-207, 449-450
, , 103-104
, 218-228
.
MEL-, 100, 101

, 211-212

.
, ,
368-374, 386-409
, 207-208
, , 108
.
, 210, 237-240,
242-243
.
, , 32
, , 94-95, 151
, 28
, , 94, 151

,
338-339
, , 114,
301-302
, 80
, 90-93
, 114-115, 302
, 113-1 , 271
("), 108
, , 89
, 130
, 16--18
-attachForm, , 392
Cancel, 391-392
-command, , 242, 437
textFieldButtonGrp, 245-246
, , 233, 235
, 242
, 210
, 253-255
, 392
.
, 36
, 214
, , 241
, 31
, 31-32

Script Editor ( ),
, 34
, 3 2
MEL. MEL-
Script Editor ( ),
, 32
, 31-.J2
, 38, 42
, 35, 6:1

, 449-450
;, 41
, , 308-320
, , 285
polyCube, , 325, 351

, ,1, 375-380
, 130
, 121,123
, 57-58,178-181
, 137
, , 89
, 380-382
, 88, 135
, 134
, , 136-137
, 135-137
, , 136
, 112, 291
, 49-50
,
, 321
.
;
, 380-382
, 209, 232, 236-237

,
, 260

Expressions After Dynamics,
, 84
, , 84-85
, (%),127,129,132
, 13
, 233
MEL-, 99-101
(nonkeyable)
, 12
,
, 280-298
, 172-175
, 15
, , 363
461
, 72
, 89
, 94
, , 326-328
, 89
, 75-79, 307, 313
, 55,
120-123
("), 56, 89, 142
, 54,112,133

, 75-79
, 68
.
, 146-149
, 148
, 223,
226-228
, 131-132
, 135
, 52-55, 61, 118-120
, 133-134
, 126
, 129
, 75-79
geometryConstraint, ,
179-180
- ,
, 178-181
, 67
, 179-180
, , 83
, 57-58
.

, 204-206
, , 232, 235-241,
253, 338-339
462
, 126-128
, 128-129, 165-166
, 131-133
, 125
, 51
,
, 85, 97
, , 94-95
, , 405-406
,

, 449-450
, 127
, MEL-, 100
,

,128
error, , 218
, 64
, 106
, 54-55, 118-119
, 131
, , 41
.
, 327-332,331,
375-380
whatls, , 292
.
, 124
, 55,121-123,191, 405-406
, 121, 123
, , 405-406
.
, 380-382
, 190
, 55, 120-123
, 52-55, 61, 138-120
, 52
, 123
, 123
, , 124
, 118-120
, 54-55
, , 175-177
([]) .
, 61, 190-191
, 124
.
, 124
, 13

, 8
, 74
, 83
, 275, 294-297
,
formLayouts, 440-441
key, , 438
mrBlahControls.mel, , 445-448
setkeys, , 438-439
, , 434-435
, 436
, 443
,1
, 444
, , 434-435
, 433
, 437
, 440-441
, . 439-440

, 442-443
, 433
, , 443-444
, 436
, 441-442

1-, 422-423
Roll, , 42.1-424
Scale, , 425
,
, 427-428
, 428-430
. ,

, , 425-426
, .

, 431-433
, , 425-426
, , 421-424
, , 426-430
MEL , 419
, 420
, , 425-426
, , 420
.

, 30-31
, , 60-61
, 67
, 101-102
, 449-450
, 101-102
, 101-102
planes
NURBS-, , 270,
280-281
, , 299-300, 320-321
. NURBS-
, , 451
, 328
, 303-305

, 222
, 223, 226-228
, 212-214
, 218-221
, 450
, 221-222, 226, 227
, , 38,42
463

NURBS, , 340-342
polyChipOff, , 342
polySeparate, , 342
Tessellation Factor
( ), , 305
, 307
, 341
, 322-323
, , 321
, 310
, , 326-327
, 330-332
, 299-300, 320-321
, 341-342
, , 299-308
, , 321-322
, , 351
,
MEL-, , 260
Shelf Editor ( ), 260-261
, 260
, 103
, 36, 109
, 260

, 193
, 68, 83-84

,
, 258
, , 209, 232-233.,
235-241,248-250
DG Node Reference, 12
MEL command Reference, 105, 140
whatls, , 39
-, 40-42
, 138

, 123
-,
. Boolean ()
464
MEL-, 99-101
, 118-120,131
,
, 375-380
, 194-199
, 118-120,131
, 118-120,131
, 51
, 128
, 44-45, 56,106,127
, 75-79,307, 313
, 449

If-else, , ,
, 164-166
, 134
(= =), 45
, 328
, 130
, 206-209
, 172-175

MEL-, 449-450
, , 325
, 328-329

, 199
, 200
, , 201
, 199
, 201
, 201-202
, 199,201
, 201
, 201
, 125
, , 177
, 175-177,399
, 179,251-252
, 121-123
, 175-177, 179
, 176
, , 179-180
, 175
, 124,175
, 399
, 231
, 18 , 288
, 181-186
, 314-317
, 189
, , 178-179
, , 230
, , 182-186
, , 316
, 41, 257-258
, , 149
, (=),44-45
, (= =), 45

, 380-382
,
402-403
, 397
, 364-368
, 209
, , 24
, 80
, 56-67

makeSpheres,
, 223-228
, 223,226-228
, 218-221
, 221-222
, 222
floatSliderGrp, ,
243-244, 383
intSliderGrp, 245
, 210
,
, 439-440
, 104-105
, 12
,
, 31-32
,181-186
, Rigid Body Solver, 331-332,
352,407
, , 265
/,
listRelatives, , 152-153, 155
parent, , 115
, 23, 26-27
, 22-24
connectAttr, , 107
connectDynamic,
, 115, 302, 312-313
connectionlnfo, , 153-154
disconnectAttr, , 107
isConnected, , 107, 154
listConnections, , 153
, 15, 18, 107
, 19-20
MEL-, 100
, 49
, 343
, 329,342
, 153
, 114-115, 302, 312-313

radioButton, , 387-389
radioButtonGrp, , 239-240,246-248
, 233
, 210
, , 389
, 386-392
,
.
, 220
465
MEL-, 39-40
, , 283-286
, 135
, 41 -42
.
, 353
, 359-362
, 85
, 320
noise, , 357-358
rand, , 397
, (//), 35
, 50

-count, , 314
event, , 314
, 317-319
, 315-316
, 314
, 308, 314
, 314-317
, 314
, , 314

( ), 192
rename, , 193
, 188
, , 189-191,193-194
, 202
, . 189-191,193-194
,
, 147
, , 190
, 190-191
, 188-189
, 194-199
, 189
, , 190-191
,189-190
466
, , 193-194
, 192-194
, 191-194
, 194
, 189
, MEL, 99-101
, 104

dynExpression, , 116, 283
, 83
, 98
, 74
, 273-276, 283
.
, 37
,
, 108-118
, 86-97
,
, 108-116
, 86-97

.

collision, , 303-304
Friction (), , 306, 311
NURBS-, 306
Resilience (),
, 306, 311
Tessellation Factor
( ), , 305
Trace Depth ( ),
, 306
, 299-308
, 308, 314-320
,
.
,
, 305-306
, 214

-current, , 376
, 328-329
, 320
, 328-329
, , 326-328
, 327,
330-332, 375-380
, , 320-321
, , 328-329
, , 332
,
, 333-334
, 54,115
\ ( ) , 133-134
match, , 218-221
tokenize, , 134, 197-198
, 103-104
, 220

} , 335
, 112, 291
, 54, 112, 133
, 133-134
, 133
, 213
, 134
, 134
, 198, 218-221
, 220
, 13
MEL-, 39-40
polySphere, , 327
sphere, , 178-179
, 263
, 328-329
, , 25
, 25 7-258
, 99,258-259,261,443-444
, 189-190
, 37

floatFieldGrp, 243-244, 252-255
intFieldGrp, 244-245
promptDialog, ,
, 216-217, 227
textFieldButtonGrp, 245-246
texlFieldGrp, 241,246
, 210
, , 268
, 199

float .
int .
string .
whatls, , 292
, , 286
, 55, 118-119

.

, 118-120
, 125
, 135
, 13
, 52-55
, , 103
,
allowDisconnect, , 359-360
Cancel, , 391-392
Create, , 368-370
rigidSolver,yinbi, 352
wander, , 355-358, 360-361
, 357-358
, 353
,
, 405-406, 406-407

, 354-359
, ,
384-385,402-403
, ,
405-406
, 368-374,
386-409
467
, , 352-354
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Channel Box3 Attribute Editor

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Channel Box, Maya,

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, 4.5, Input and Output Connections. . . .

1. Frame 20, , Translate Y 10.

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