:

. -
.

. I. -
. . -

. III.


.

2
1

K811.21/.22
: 81.2

()
( 03-04-16007)

. .
: . .
, . . , . .

..........................................................................................................j
......................................................................................................................................9

:
. . , . . , . . , .
. , . .
: . : Academia,
160 .
IN 5-87444-205-7
,
. 1 , -:
. II . . . . II . . .
, .
: , .
- ,
(
). ; ,
.
, , ,
, -1 , , ,
, , (,
.

nguages of the World: Indo- Languages of the Old and Middle Periods. Moscow:
;mia, 2004. 160 pp.
5 book continues the multi-volume encyclopaedic publication "Languages of the World", which is being pre- t
the Institute of Linguistics, Russian Academy of Sciences. This volume is devoted to the Indo- languages
iuropean language family) of the Old and Middle periods that were in literary use from the middle of the 2nd
ium . till the middle of the 2nd millennium A. D. Texts in old Indo - languages were used in the
for at least 1000 years, the vvritten representation came much later. Sanskrit is a language of great culture,
phi-/, and literature. The atticies in this volume are written in accordance with the Standard typologicallyoriented :e used throughout the publication. This template imposes sociolinguistic, diachronic and synchronic
structural erization upon individual languages. The book is intended both as a fundamental study and as a
reference source. dressed to a broad audience, including linguists of various specializations, historians, cultural
anthropologists, gists, lecturers and students, as well as interested in linguistics and in Indo-European
studies.

JN 5-87444-205-7

81.2

. . . .........................................................................14
. . . ......................................................................................16
. . . ..................................................................................................25
. . .
. . .
. . .
. . .
. . .

.........................................................................70
..........................................................................................................73
...............................................................................................6
...........................................................................................123
.........................................................136

. . . ........................142
....................................................................................................................
J47
............................................................................................................149
. 151
: ....................................................................................153

atterji, Suniti Kumar and Sen, Sukumar.

le Indo- Reader. In Two Parts. Calcutta,
shra, Madhusudan. A Grammar of Apabhrama.
, 1992.
chelR. Materialen zur Kenntnis des Apaba// Abhandlungen der Kniglichen Gesellschaft
Vissenschaften zu Gttingen, phil.-hist. KJasse.
Folge. Berlin, 1902, Bd. V, 4.
i, Sukumar. Comparative Grammar of Middle
uyan. Calcutta, 1951.
Sen, Sukumar. Historical Syntax of Middle I
// Indian Linguistics, 1953, vol. XII.
Sen, Subhadra Kumar. Proto-New Indo-
cutta, 1973.
Singh, Ram Adhar. Syntax of Apabhrama. Calcutta
1980.
Tagare, Ganesh Vasudev. Historical Grammar of
Apabhrama. Poone, 1948.
WoolnerA. G. Introduction to Prakrit. Delhi 19fiA
[1- . Lahore, 1939].

. .

1.0. (...)
,

. . .

137

-.
. , .
( ) -
.
2.0. , ... -
.
:
(, II .), ( 1),
( III . . . .), ... (
).
, -I
, ->
. :
II . . . V . . . ,
( ) .
[ urnarun ( "Ti-arprvrniiv -..

Rri- )"

 ( .
-, , ); 2)
,
,
... (, , .); 3)
( ) , ,
... (, - .).
, (
). , ..,
, , II . . .
3.0. ... ,
, ,
,
.
4.0. ...
(
).
.
... , ,
. ,
.
5.0.0. .
...
: (.
, ). (

, ),

.
,
.
5.1.0. ... 1
2
. ,
,
+ ( + ),
(. . ,
, ). : amata
'' (. amta-), pucchati ' ' (. pchati), - ''
(. /-), cetiya- ' ' (. caitya-), orasa- ';
' (. aurasa-),jaga- '' (. jagat-), tyana- '' (.
tryaa-), thapeti '' (. sthpayati), vutta-' (. upta-),
'' (. -).
, VC VCC: ttaka-Ztattaka ' '.
,
. : puja'' (. Pj-), craa- '' (. -), - '' (.
atiaya-), ahu '' (CKD. aham). etti ''
(. ete), anoalivta-



: -/- '' ('
itya-), , upala------
(. utpala-), nigua- ' ' (. nirgua-).
, , - , , ..: sista ' ' . sittha-, . siktha-, bharik
' . .-. bhariy, . bhrya, upahta '' . upahata-.
3 ... .
... .
5.1.1. , , .
5.1.2. , .
5.2.0. .
... ,
, , ,
, , .
5.2.1. . -
, updya
!. ) ' ; -; ', prattya ( . ) '
', sammukham ( . ) ' ' ( .
. ) '' .
. ... ,
; .
5.2.2. ( ) i: , ; ,
: , . . .
( ) : ,
; .
. , (. , ),
--
, --,
; -i-, -- . , , jvotis patantah ' (. . . . . .) (. . . .
.)'.
( )
: , , , , ,

. . .

139

.
. 1
.
, :
,
. , . , .
, . , ,
. .
,
.
, , ,
, . ,
-- . : -, -, -, -i, -yo, -ya,
-ah, -, -, -n -r, -ni, , ,
- . .
,
--.
, , ,
. ,
--.
,
3- . :
jived aham ' ' (. ' ---').
: , , , (
) (
). , . , (. , ). ( )
. . ...
, , : adhibhse adhyabhse ' () '
' ', ' '. . -sya- (-sya-)
-ha-. , , .
: -'
.
.
: . , : gachantuka-/gachamna-ka- '' gata- ''.
.
: -
)11, DCHORKI: cvcb.



:. .
() : .
-aya-/-paya-. ,
, , .
- .
5.2.3. ( ) ... . -- , , : jntika- '', drghaka- '',
jvan-- '', attaka- ''.
5.3.0. .
... .
, , . . SOV.
( , ,
), . :
1 , , .
( , ), , 1 .
5.3.1. ... :
, -
. : tts to ttaman imat udnam udnaye
, , () ', tensau dstah
/ ' ' (. ' '). ...
,
. ,
1 , ..: bhiksavo diitavyam bhiksym labdhyr ' i, (), ' (, ' ;
6 ...'). . , ...
( ) , ,
: tato sudhanu kumro pitarea subhun bandhangre bandhitv
visarjit ', ,
' (. ' ...
-').
5.3.2. ... [ . : (tato bodhisattva ha:) uddiata , ahar niksepsymti '(

. . .

141

): , , . .: te satpurusah
catitasphutitn vihrn pratisamskram kurvanti ' ,
, ...', kualamlam arjitam, tena
bha-vatu sarvadarit ' ,
!'.
5.4.0. ...
. ,
, .
( 1) (.
, ).
,
,
, . ,
, ,
, : akhila- '' (. '; ; '), adhylambati
'' (. '; '), prativahana- '; ' (.
' '), nisaraa- ' ; ' (. ';
; ; ' ,
) .
. ...
,
: sukhila- '' (. sukha- sukhi-), anupartta'; ' ( anu-pari-d-, pari-d'; ').
... ,
, :
.
6.0. ... .

BroughJ. The Language of Buddhist

Sanskrit Texts // Bulletin of the School of
Oriental and African Studies, 1954, vol. 16.

Damsteegt F. Epigraphical Hybrid Sanskrit.

Leiden, 1978.
Edgerton F. Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit.
Grammar and Dictionary. New Haven, 1953, vol.
1-2.
Hinuber, O. von. Origin and Varieties of
Buddhist Sanskrit // Dialectes dans Ies littratures
indo-aryen-nes / Ed. par Caillat. Paris, 1989.

Oguibenine B. Initiation pratique l'etude du Sanskrit Buddhique. Paris, 1996.

Raghavan V. Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit // Indian
Linguistics, 16 (S. K. Chatterji Jubilee Volume),
1955.
Sen, Sukumar. An Outline of Syntax of Buddhistic
Sanskrit // Journal of the Department of Letters (Calcutta University), 1928, 17.